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'Laksanā
539 The Prayojanavati has (32) varieties. When we add (8) varieties of rūdhimülā we arrive at (40) varieties which, all of them are either (i) padagata or (ii) vākyagata, thus taking to (80) sub-divisions in total. The (32) varieties of Prayojanavati are
upādāna
sāropā
sādhyavasāna
śuddha
gauni
śuddhā
gauni
gudhavangyā
a-gūdhāvangyā (This sub-division goes with all eight divisions
of prayojanavatī.)
and lakşaņa
sāropā
sādhyavasānā
śuddhā gauņi
śuddha
gauņi All these 8 are two-fold, i.e. gudha-vyangya and a-gūdha-vyangyā. This makes for 16, which are again either (i) dharma-gatā or (ii) dharmi-gatā, making (32) in all. + 8 rūdhimulā = 40. These are (i) pada-gatā or (ii) vākyagatā making a total of (80).
Keśavamiśra in his Alamkāra-sekhara, (pp. 9, Marici III Edn. N. S. Bombay, '26) talks of laksanā as 'sakya-sambandhah'. He observes that laksanā operates due to 'tātparyā’nupapattyā' and 'mukhyartha’nupapattyā' - "sā ca tātparyā’nupapattyā mukhyárthā’nupapattyā vā pravartate.” This is clearly Viśvanātha's influence. He gives an illustration such as, “nirmālyam nayanaśriyah” etc. The word 'nirmālya' is charged with laksanā. He does not go beyond this and is not interested in giving any classification. From this very brief delineation, it is clear that keśava is not greatly in favour of only mukhyártha-bādha' as the condition of laksanā. He also does not talk of either rūdhi or prayojana' as the condition here. Perhaps for him the concept was so firmly and cleanly established that he does not care to discuss it in any detail.
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