________________
'Laksaņā'
505 and,
"viparyāsād ivā’rthasya yatrárthántaratām iva, manyante sa gavādis tu
gauņa ity ucyate kvacid.” - (Edn. Bhate) For Bharthari the sentence has to be considered as a whole and in the particular context in which it is uttered. Therefore, it is meaningless to discuss the primary and secondary referents of an individual word. Bhartshari says that when, for example, a mother tries to stop her child from crying, by saying, “the tiger eats children who cry", she really does not mean it. When a traveller says to his friend, "we must go, look at the Sun", he simply means that it is getting late and that he does not insist on actually looking at the sun. When it is said, “kākebhyo dadhi raksyatām", it is implied that it is to be protected from dogs etc. also. Again, when it is said, "brāhmaṇa-kambala”, there is nothing special about 'brāhmana'. Thus, such usages cannot be explained by resorting to laksanā. As seen earlier, ironic or sarcastic expressions carry a sense entirely different from the expressed one. Some later writers try to read laksaņā in these expressions but 'Bhartshari has clearly shown the imperfectness of the theory depending on word meanings, eventhough he recognizes the usefulness of the discussion of word-meanings. Read the references for all this from V.P. as follows :
"vyāghrā"divyapadeśena yathā bālo nivartyate, asatyo'pi tathā kaścitpratyavāyo bhidhīyate.” (V.P. II. 321) “gantavyam dịśyatām sūrya iti kālasya laksane, jñāyatām kāla ity etatsópāyam abhidhīyate.” (V.P. II. 310) “kākebhyo raksyatām sarpir iti bālo’pi coditaḥ, upaghātapare vākye na śvādibhyo na raksyati.” (V.P. II. 312)
Jain Education International
For Personal & Private Use Only
www.jainelibrary.org
