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Sabdavrttis the nature of : Abhidhā
357
“jātyā gunena kriyayā vastu-yogena samjñayā, nirdeśena tathā prāhuḥ
sadvidhām abhidhăm budhāh.” The six-fold division of abhidhā is due to the six-fold nature of dharma' with reference to which a word is used in worldly business. By 'vastu-yoga' is meant attachment of something which gives the thing a special name such as a person is called dandin' because he is having a danda' or a stick. 'Nirdeśa' is pointing out. When we point out someone by name, that term is called 'nirdeśa'vācī, e.g. Kamsao.
Dr. Trilokīnārtha Dwivedi explains vastu-yoga, samjñā and nirdeśa as follows : (pp. 395, ibid) -
'vastunaḥ apara-dravyasya samyogena, sambandhena yathā 'dandi iti atra dandasya samyogena danda-dhāriņaḥ purusasya jñānam bhavati. samjñāyā vaktryadệcchayā ditthā”di-rūpayā, yathā dittho'yam', davittho'yam', ityādi. tathā nirdeśena sadvidhā iti. vācaka-śabdānām sva-paratvam nirdeśarvam. yathā, “hiranya-pūrvam kasipum pracakşate', iryādinā hiramyakaśipor nirdeśaḥ; yathā 'deva-pūrvam girim te' ity anena deva-girer nirdeśaḥ iti.
The paurnamāsī observes : (pp. 301, ibid) : vastuno yogah sambandhah vastuyogah yathā dandī iry ādau danda-sambandhah. ayamdand-sambandho vācyo, vācyatā'vacchedako-atra dandasambandhasya višesanatvena bhānam. ayam eva vastu-yoga-śabdah. yatra jāty adayah sambandhena ca vyavahitās tatra ta eva pravrtti-nimittáni vācyā vā. yatra tu tena vyavahitās tatra vastu-yoga eva tathā. yathā dando gotvavān ity ādau. ata eva dravya-yoga iti. upeksya vastu-yoga iti uktam.
ditthā"disabdah samjñā. yadsccha-śabda-iti nāmántaram. ete sabdā eka eva vyakti-vācino bhavanti. “hiranya-pūrvam kasipum pracakşate' (śi. śu. I. 42), dhanur upapadam asmai vedam abhyādideśa (Kirāta. XVIII. 44), 'devapūrvam girim te' (Megha. pūrva. 42) ity adi sthalesu nirdeśa-sabdāh santi. vācakavarnānām sva-paratvam nirdeśatvam. uktodāharanesu 'hiranyapūrva-kasipu' padābhyām hiranya-kasipu-varna-vattā eva vācyā, vācakatávacchedikā vā. tenátra nirdeśaśabdatvam vijñeyam. prastuta-granthakāramate nirdeśa-sabdatayā abhidhayárthapratītiḥ. anye tv atra lakṣaṇām svīkurvanti.
The commentary tries to explain that by 'nirdeśa' only the letters are meant. The individual is not referred to by this, as in a samjñā sabda.
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