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'Laksana'
493
grahaņā"dy ayogāt, gangāyām ghosa ity ādau ca gangā"dīnām ghosā”dy adhikaranatvā'sambhavād mukhyárthasya bādhe, vivecakatv ādau sāmīpy adau ca sambandhe, rūdhitaḥ prasiddheḥ, tathā gangātațe ghosa ity adeh prayogād yeşām tathā na pratipattis tesām pāvanatv adīnām dharmānām pratipādanā"tmanah prayojanāc ca, mukhyenā'mukhyrtho laksyate yat, sa aropitaḥ śabda-vyāpārah, sántarártha-nistho laksanā.” (Trans. R. C. Dwivedi pp. 27. ibid) - "When owing to the absence of (logical) connection with the fetching of the grass etc., as in the cases like, 'expert in work, and owing to the impossibility of Gangā and the like being the site of a hamlet and the like in cases such as, 'a hamlet on the Gangā', there is the incompatibility of the primary meaning, and when there is the connection such as discrimination and proximity (respectively in the above cases), through usage i.e. through universal apprehension (in the first case), similarity
ugh motive in the form of conveying in that manner those properties of coolness and holiness etc., which would not be so conveyed by the use of, 'a hamlet on the bank of the Gangā', (in the second case), that superimposed function of a word abiding in the intermediate sense is indication, conveying the secondary meaning through the primary."
Govinda Thakkura (pp. 37, Edn. Anandashram SKT. Granthāvalih - Pune, A.D. 1911, or pp. 256, Edn. Nag Prakashan, Dr. Jyotna Mohan, '95, Delhi) - in his Pradīpa observes : “rūdhiḥ prasiddhiḥ, prayojanam vyangyártha-pratipādanarūpam. kriyā vyāpāraḥ. atra, fanyo'rtho yal laksyate să laksanā iti laksanam laksyate pratipadyate ity arthah. ato nā”tmā”śrayah. mukhyárthabādhah sakyárthasambandho rūļhīprayojanányatarac ceti hetutraya-vacanam vyañjanāyām saktismộtau jāti-vyāpti-vāraṇāya tadyoga iti laksanépi praveśanīyam. yogasya ca hetutvam vivaksitam. ato na mukhyártha-sambandhi-vyañjanāyām ativyāptiḥ. mukhyasya abhidhārūpa-mukhyártha-sambandhena pratipadyam sambhavati iti tadvāraṇāyánya ity uktam. anyo’mukhyaḥ. yad iti guṇībhūta-laksaņa-kriyā-mātraparāmarśaḥ. tena, "sakya-sambandhena a-sakya-pritipattir laksaņā iti prācīnamatena etal laksanam. 'tad-hetuh sakya-sambandho laksana' iti paramárthah.”. pratipattiḥ hetur hi vịttiḥ., na tu pratipattir eva. yat tu 'yadity asya 'yata' ity arthakatayā sambandha-paratayaiva sūtravyākyānam tad ayuktam. 'nā bhidhā samayábhāvāt hetvábhāvānna laksaņā’ity atra 'mukhyártha-bādhā'di-trayam "hetuh', iti vyākhyānavirodhāt, na hi sambandha-rūpatve laksaņāyāḥ sambandho hetur ghatate. nanu pratipādanam cel laksaņā tarhi śabda-dharmaḥ. gangā"disabdānām nīra"dikam upasthāpya virāme, nīra"dy arthenaiva sambandhena tīrā”dy artha-pratipādanād ity ata āha, - 'äropitā kriya' iti. śakya-vyavahita
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