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4. JAINISM IN KARNATAKA
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has been noticed previously. Further, we have the instances of three chiefs of the same lineage, Trailōkyamalla Nolamba-Pallava Permanaḍi, Jagadōkamalla Nolamba Brahmadhirāja and Ghaṭṭiyarasa Iriva-Nolamba Narasinghadeva, one as the provincial governor, another as the chief of the district and the third as the feudal lord of the tract, all joining together and making their contributions for the promotion of the Jaina religion, in the record from Nandi Bēvūru. Lastly, we may note Tribhuvanamalla Bhōgadēva Chōla Mahārāja of the Patasivaram record, who was a patron of the faith, and Irungōla II and his queen Alpadovi of the Amarapuram and Kottasivaram inscriptions, who were its formal followers and promoters.
SOUTH KANARA DISTRICT
The District of South Kanara is immensely rich in Jaina antiquities, though they are of a late period. In this region is surviving still a large number of Jaina centres which have preserved the religious and social traditions of the oreed. Most of the antiquities of this area have been explored and a good many inscriptions have been fully published in the volumes of Epigraphia Indica and South Indian Inscriptions. The full texts of the inscriptions at Karkala, Mūḍabidure, Voņur and other places are available for study in one place in Volume VII of the latter publication. Historical accounts of some of these centres and epigraphical collections of a few individual places have also been published by several writers in the Gazetteers, Manuals, Survey Reports, etc. The material is too vast to be brought within the limited compass of this brief sketch. It would be an act of real justice if the whole material is studied critically and presented in a decent monograph.
5. Some Notable Facts
In this section I propose to examine some notable facts connected with the history of the Jaina faith in Karnāṭaka. As these facts have not been adequately noticed by other writers, I think it necessary to deal with them here though concisely. Further justification for the treatment of these topics is to be found in the larger context and wider setting of South Indian Jainism wherein we have pitched our studies. For, some facts the significance of which is not properly understood when viewed from a single provincial angle, become conspicuously luminous when placed in juxta-position with similar facts in other parts of the country. This is realised by a comparative study of the main currents of the Jaina religious movement particularly in Karnataka on the one hand and in the Tamil country on the other.
THE YAPANIYAS : The Yapaniyas seem to have played an important rôle in the history of Jainism in South India by influencing the religious
