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TYPOGRAPHICAL DEVICES ETC. EXPLAINED
Head-lines, page-numbers, line-numbers, indication of emboxments. - The typographical devices of this volume are substantially the same as those employed in the Panchatantra of Pūrnabhadra, Harvard Oriental Series, volume XI (see pages xxiv-xxv). The useful head-lines are selfexplaining. The wording of the titles of the tales is so chosen as to accord so far as possible with the wording in volume XI. The page-numbers are given on the left-hand corner of each page, no matter whether it be odd or even, and every third line (not fifth) is numbered at the beginning (not the end). This is far more convenient than numbering every fifth line. And a number at the beginning of the line is much more easily caught by the eye than a number at the end, especially if the lines are not of just the same length. As to the indication of emboxments, I may quote my own words, as found at page xxy of volume XI, changing what needs to be changed:
Emboxments indicated by vertical wavy lines. It is the Hindu habit to embox one story within another, and a third within the second, and so on. To follow any given story through these interruptions is not always easy for a master, and is most difficult for a beginner who reads slowly. In this edition the frame-story is distinguished by small type; emboxments of the first degree by large type; emboxments of the second degree by large type and one vertical wavy line at the right-hand margin; emboxments of the third degree by large type and two wavy lines. The general structure of the whole work appears also very plainly from the Table of Contents, in which I have tried to make the relation of frame-story to emboxments and of these to one another clear at a glance.
Thus tale i of book II, Mouse and two monks, runs over 11 pages (62 to 72) with tale ii (Hulled grain for hulled grain) as an interruption, which interruption is itself interrupted by tale iii (Too greedy jackal). The text of tale i is indicated at a glance by the large type and the absence of wavy line. If you wish to read it all and continuously, you have only to skip the passages marked with wavy line or lines. The precise limits of tale ii (Hulled grain) are shown at a glance by the single wavy line which runs from 6315 to 648 and from 653 to 6522. And the limits of tale iii (Too greedy jackal) are made no less clear by the double wavy line which runs from 645 to 652
The extreme simplicity and effectiveness of my device for showing the emboxments will, I hope, commend itself to all, and lead to its adoption in other texts of this kind.
1 Incidentally, these Tables of Contents of volumes XIV and XI show very clearly the contrast between the Tantråkhyāyika and Pūrņabhadra's text in the use of emboxments. The ancient text uses them very sparingly (the Too greedy jackal is the only emboxment of the third degree), while the modern text employs them with a most objectionable freedom and complexity. See page xii of volume XI.
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