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INTRODUCTION
25
In the Vidhivāda chapter, P. reads the fourth viprati patti (controversy') as simply "niyoj yaprayojanika," but on p. 446 of P., it is referred to as "niyoj yaprayojanika bhavaneti pakṣaḥ" Thus, we have corrected the reading of the fourth vi pratipatti here following I, O., M, and M2.
There are two occurrences of the expression “kotyam" in connection with Sakti. (see p. 326 and 338 of P.). The commentator Seşānanta explains: "skot vam samkocaḥ" (. 327). But M, and M2 have the expression “kocyam" in these two places.
Gunaratna in the commentary uses an expression “cakra-marda" obviously referring to some herb or creeper, I have consulted through Pandit Malvania an Ayurvedic physician about the significance of this word. This Sanskritist physician has suggested the following etymology of “cakra-mardah": cakram dadram mardayati iti cakra-mardah. In other words, the suggestion is that it is the name of a herb which is used to cure ringworm,
There may be some doubt as to whether the NSD was contemplated and written as a single book or it is the result of a compilation of different vadas separately written at different periods. I give below some internal evidences to dispel this doubt and show that the first alternative is plausible.
(a) In the Śaktivada chapter, Śaśadhara refers twice to his later chapter on Abhāvavada.
(i) tasmad avasyam tad-anyonyabhavasya samsargaḥ pratiyogitavacchedaka iti svī-kartavyam iti vacyam/ ABHĀV A-sthale nirasaniyatvat. (ii) na ca pratiyogy-avrtti sadatanabhāvavatvam ghața-patau nayam ghatah iti vyāsaj ya-pratiyogikanyonyabhāvavya pakam iti vacyan / tasyāpy ABHAV A-sthale nirasaniyatvāt.
(b) In the chapter on Lingaparamarasa-vada, Śaśadhara refers to the Artha patti-vada (or Arthapat tinirasa-vada) chapter as follows:
“Sarvam caited Vyatireki-sthale sphuți-bhavisyati."
We also find examples of back reference in NSD. Śaśadhara refers to a former chapter in his Artha pattinirasa-vada chapter in the following manner:
“Yatha punar asannikr to 'pi lingaparamarsodayah tathok tam TRTIYA-LINGAPARĀM ARÁ A-sthale."
This is obviously a reference to the chapter called Lingaparāmarśavada. These evidences show that the whole NSD was at least contemplated as one single book on Navya-nyaya.
B. K. Mati Lal
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