Abad Hindusthan

Author(s): Gopaldas Jivabhai Patel
Publisher: Navjivan Prakashan Mandir
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/004989/1

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AcAya divANI smAraka graMthamALA-2 DibIkRta AbAda hiMdustAna! saMpAdaka pAladAsa jIvAbhAI paTela navajIvana prakAzana maMdira amadAvAda For Private & Personale Only

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eka rUpiyA AvRtti pahelI sana 1977 nivedana gUjarAta vidyApIThanA vidyAthIonI A0 gidavANI smAraka samitie AcAryazrInI smAraka mALAno vahIvaTa gUjarAta vidyApIThane soMpyo che te anusAra A pustaka te mALAnA bIjA maNakA tarIke prasiddha karavAmAM Ave che. irAdo te e che ke, sAmAnya rIte A mALAmAM eka pustaka dara varSe bahAra pADavuM. keTalAMka anivArya kAraNone laIne A pustakanuM prakAzana jarA moDuM thayuM che; paraMtu have pachI DhIla na thAya evo prayatna che. tA. 19-11-37 maganabhAI desAI . gUjarAta vidyApITha mahAmAtra, gUjarAta vidyApITha mudraka ane prakAzaka : jIvaNajI DAhyAbhAI desAI, navajIvana mudraNAlaya, amadAvAda For Private & Personale Only

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upAddhAta 1. kaDavI pharaja 2. amejI rAjyanA mULamAM anukramANukA . 3. vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM 4. hiMdustAnanI sapattinA khA mAlika koNa ? 5. dukALA: temanI vadhatI, jatI saMkhyA ane tenAM kAraNe 6. dhareNAM ane jhaverAtathI UbharAtuM hiMdustAna ! 7. hiMdustAnanI lUMTa: tenuM pramANa ane pariNAma 8. hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahiM : hAya tA dekhAtI kema nathI ? . . *;**** 9. vAIsaroya sAheba vadyA 10. dezanI atyAranI Arthika sthiti: lokonI kharI Avaka 219 upeAdhAta " AkhI duniyAmAM evA eka paNa deza nathI jyAM AvI uttama ane sudharelI rIte rAjya calAvavAmAM AvatuM hoya, " " AkhI duniyAmAM hiMdustAna jevA ochAmAM oche kara bharanArA eka paNa deza nathI. " " aMgrejo hiMdustAnanI prajAnA hitane mATe ciMtAtura hRdaye sadaiva tatpara rahelA che. ' A zabdone gujArava egaNIsamI sadImAM hiMdamAM temaja IMgleMDamAM saMbhaLAtA. 'dekha bicArI bakarInA paNa kAI na jAtAM pakaDe kAna ' e jAtanA khyAle prajAmAM utAravA cAre taraphathI prayatnA thatA hatA; ane satra aMgrejI ' rAmarAjya 'nAM guNukAna thatAM hatAM. zALA, kaoNlejo, sAhitya ane kAyadA mAraphata prajAmAM vyavasthita rIte UbhI karavAmAM AvatI A jAtanI bhAvanAne egaNI samI sadInA aMtamAM prathama sakhata phaTakA datta, dAdAbhAI ane DigmInI trimUrtie judI judI rIte pramANabhUta

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pustaka lakhIne lagAvyo; ane prajA AgaLa dAkhalA dalIle ane AMkaDAthI puravAra karI batAvyuM ke : "hiMdustAna aMgrejone mATe eka lUMTI khAvAnI vastu ja che ane teo tene nirAMte lUTe che." "plAsInA yuddha pachI temanA hAthamAM thoDI ghaNI rAjasattA AvatAM veMta ja temaNe ughADe choge lUMTArune dha zarU karI dIdhe. " "hiMdustAnamAM vadhI gayelA dukALa, bhUkhamarAthI thatAM bharaNe ane behada garIbAI e aMgrejI rAjyanuM sIdhuM pariNAma che." A lekhake pAzcAtya keLavaNIthI barAbara raMgAyelA hatA ane sarakArI rAjataMtranI AMTIghUMTIthI mAhitagAra hatA. temaNe sarakArI daphataranA purAvA uparathI ja petAne nirNa rajU karyA hatA. traNemAM kenuM sthAna UMcuM che, te nakkI karavuM muzkela che. paNa dareke, lekhaka tarIke lagabhaga sarakhI ja sevA bajAvI che, ema kahI zakAya. alabatta, pote aMgreja hovA chatAM DimmIe hiMdI prajA pratye je sahAnubhUti darzAvI che, tathA hiMdustAnano kesa pitAnA dezabaMdhue temaja duniyA samakSa rajU karavAne je jahemata uThAvI che, te jotAM temanA pratye ApaNuM haiyuM AbhAranI lAgaNIthI vadhAre name che. DibI pite mizanarI tarIke madrAsa ilAkA tarapha kAma karatA hatA. te arasAmAM dakSiNamAM paDelA dukALa vakhate temaNe bhUkhe maratA lokone rAhata ApavAnAM kAmamAM jhaMpalAvyuM. paraMtu, te bhAgomAM dukALanI bhISaNutA ane niyamitatA tathA lekemAM tenI sAme jhUjhavAnI zaktine taddana abhAva joIne temanuM dara eka navA ja muddA tarapha kheMcAyuM. temane vicAra A ke, A badhI kaThaNa vastusthiti ane aMgrejI rAjya va kAMI kAryakAraNasaMbaMdha te nathI ? ane pUratA abhya Ada temaNe te bAbatamAM potAnA nirNaya vyavasthita rUpa jAhera karavA mAMDavyA. te niNuM sarakArane rucikara na ja thaI paDI. sarakAre jyAre dukALakamizana nI tyAre temAMthI DimmIne bAtala rAkhavAmAM AvyA. Dijha jevA lokasevaka, ke jemaNe dukALanA vakhatamAM lekamAM ka karyuM hoya, uparAMta AkhI paristhitine vyavasTi abhyAsa paNa karyo hoya, temane e kamizanamAMthI bAta rAkhavAmAM sarakArane muddo che hoI zake, te have DibI pitAne ja vadhu spaSTa thaI gayuM. te arasAmAM hiMdI vaja pAlameMTamAM bhASaNa daramyAna paDakAra karyo ke, jo koI e sAbita karI Ape che, ApaNu rAjya daramyAna hiMdI praka vadhu garIba banatI jAya che, te ApaNe hiMdustAna upa rAjya karavAnuM choDI devA taiyAra chIe. tenA javAbama DibIe pitAnuM "Pirosperous British India' nAmana pustaka lakhyuM; ane zarUAtamAM eka lAMbA ' kAgaLa lakha te pustaka hiMdI vajIrane mokalAvyuM. A pustakamAM che graMthane ja sArAMza ApavAmAM AvyuM che. e pustaka lakhAyAne ghaNe vakhata thaI gayuM che, tathA tyAra pachI hiMdustAnanI nadIomAM ghaNAM pANI vahI gayAM che, chatAM atyAre paNa DibIe pitAnA pustakamAM jAhera karelA nirNaye amuka gauNa vigate ke muddAo bAda karatAM eTalA For Private & Personal use only

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ja sAcA che ane vasturithatine tAdaza citAra rajU eTale atyAranI sthiti viSe navesara kAMI lakhavA karatAM, eka sahRdayI aMgreje 37 varasa upara sarakArI daphatarone AdhAre hiMdanI kharI sthiti viSe kareluM nirUpaNa vadhAre upayogI thaze, tathA vizeSa khAtarI lAyaka thaze ema samajIne DibInA lagabhaga 650 pAnanA e aMgrejI pustakane A sAra TUMkAmAM taiyAra karyo che. AthI be artha saraze : jUnA pramANabhUta pustakanuM lakhAyuM gujarAtI prajAne jANavA maLaze ane atyAranI Arthika sthitine khyAla paNa temAMthI Avaze. pustakamAM rajU karelI hakIkato ane nirNaya Aje paNa eTalA ja sAcA che enA purAvA tarIke sAranI nIce phUTaneTa tarIke I. sa. 1900thI 1934 sudhInA sthitidarzaka AMkaDAo pustakamAM ThekaThekANe ApyA che. tyAra pachInAM varasanA AMkaDA ApI zakyA nathI, paraMtu tethI mukhya vastunA nirUpaNamAM phera paDato nathI. DimmIe ApelI hakIkata, eka jamAnA pachInA AMkaDAo paNa puravAra kare che ane batAve che ke 19mI sadInI ghaTanA 20mI sadImAM paNa cAlu ja che. paraMtu 19mI sadInA aMtamAM rajU karelI vastu ApaNe atyAre saheja judA rUpamAM joIe chIe. tethI ahIM zarUAtumAM pustakanA keTalAka muddAo laIne atyAranI daSTie rajU karavAne TUMkAmAM prayatna karyo che. jamIna mahesUla jamInamahesUlane vicAra karatAM mULa pustakama baMgALamAM dAkhala karavAmAM AvelI kAyamI jamIna mahesUlanI paddhatinI gyatA tarapha khAsa dhyAna kheMcavAmAM AvyuM che, ane tevuM dharaNu badhe dAkhala karavA bhArapUrvaka kahyuM che. A prazna viSe atyAranA vicArakenuM valaNa judI jAtanuM che. temanuM sAmAnya mantavya evuM che ke, kAyamI jamIna mahesUlanI paddhatithI jamInadArone eka ne varga Ubhe thAya che ane kheDUtanI muzkelI UbhI rahe che. tethI sAmAnya hitanI dRSTithI evuM dhAraNa akhatyAra karavuM joI e ke, jethI - 1. khetI karanAra kheDUtanA hAthamAM ja jamIna rahe ane temAM sudhArA karavA tene uttejana maLe. 2. amuka hadathI ochI AvakavALI jamIna upara kaI jAtane vere na hoya. neMdha : atyAre evI sthiti che ke vepArI dara varase be hajAra rUpiyA sudhI kamAya tyAM sudhI tene sarakArane sIdhe kara bharo ne paDe, tyAre kheDUta be vIdhAM vAvate hoya ane temAMthI kharaca paNa pUruM na nIkaLatuM hoya, khAvAnA paNa sAMsA hoya, te sarakArane vigheTI bharavI paDe. A anyAya dUra the joI e. sarakArane AthI jamIna mahesUlanI AvakamAM khADe paDe; paraMtu e anyAya dUra karyA sivAya kheDUtonI sthiti sudhAravAne raste mekaLA thavAne nathI. in Education in For Private Personal use only

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10 3. verAne lAyaka jamInanI AvakamAM sAmAjika kAraNathI vadhAre thAya, te rAjyane temAMthI hirase maLe. 4. kharAba varSomAM kheDUtone mahesulanA bharaNAmAM rAhata maLe. TUMkAmAM, mahesUla vadhAravAnI dRSTi rAkhavAne badale kheDUtanuM hita sacavAya ane rAjyane kArabhAra paNa cAle evI rIte mahesUlanuM gheraNa rAkhavuM joIe. A dRSTie baMgALanI kAyamI paddhatine badale sudhArelI raiyatavArI paddhatine sahRdayI amala hAlamAM pasaMda karavAmAM Ave che. gAma dITha mahesUlanuM dhoraNa rAkhavAnuM paNa keTalAka pasaMda ane Avaka kharcanA AMkaDA meLavI jue che. sarakAra hisAba rajU kare che, ane mahesula dvArA thayelI Avaka ahIM dezamAM ja kharacI nAkhavAmAM Ave che. ema batAve che. paraMtu e khacamAMthI aNaghaTatI rIte keTalA paisA paradeza cAlyA jAya che, te hisAbamAM AvatuM nathI. kharI rIte upa2 gaNAvyA pramANe aneka rIte - pahelAMnA karatAM paNa vizeSa pramANamAM - karoDonuM dhana dara varase paradeza ghasaDAI jAya che. A navA jamAnAnI navI paddhatinI lUMTa che. te ADakatarI rIte ane sudharelI Dhabe thatI hovAthI sAmAnya mANasane khyAlamAM jaladI AvatI nathI, paraMtu tethI tenI tIvratA ochI nathI thatI. UlaTI te vadhAre bhayaMkara bane che. sIdhI lUMTa prajAnI AMkhamAM jaladI khUce; tyAre AvI lUTa UMDA UtarIne nirIkSaNa karanArane ja samajAya. AthI ja jamAnAothI cAlatI AvelI lUMTa prajAne sAlatI nathI ane loke zAMtithI sahana karyo jAya che. Arthika strAva Arthika strAva Aje aneka rIte vadhe che. sarakAra dara varase karoDo rUpiyA "hama cArjisa' tarIke IMglaDa mekale che. te uparAMta paradezI vepArIonAM kamizana ane napho, beMke, sTImara kaMpanIo, vImA kaMpanIo ane evI bIjI aneka jAtanI kaMpanIonAM kamizane temaja napha, paradezIonI mUDInuM vyAja, paradezI nekanA pagAre vagere dvArA dezanuM dhana paradeza vahI jAya che. aMgrejI rAjyanI zarUAtamAM dara varase vArSika bajeTa karavAne badale mahesUlanI AvakamAMthI mAla kharIdIne paradeza caDhAvavAmAM AvatA ane te kaMpanIne naphe gaNate. e lUMTa sIdhI ane spaSTa hatI. have leke nA kahevAtA pratinidhionI sabhAo dara varase lAkhanA kharace maLIne sarakArI bajeTane saMmati Ape che relave ane dukALa relave thavAthI mAlanI chata achata ghaNuM bhAgamAM vahecAI jAya che. tethI pariNAme ghaNA pradezane kAemanI meghavArI veThavI paDe che. jyAM achata hoya, tyAM mAla jaladI pUrI pADI zakAya che; ene lIdhe dukALAnI sIdhI asara have jaNAtI nathI. relavene lIdhe dukALanA samayamAM para prAMtamAMthI ke paradezamAMthI paNa anAja maMgAvI zakAya che; paraMtu te anAja lokee kharIdavuM zAmAMthI, e mukhya in Education in For Private Personal use only

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12 prazna to kAyama ja rahe che. keA pAse paisA hotA nathI. bacata heAtI nathI, saMdharA hotA nathI. tee kayA paisA vo kaI kamANImAMthI te anAja kharIde ? eTale anAja maMgAvavAnI sagavaDa chatAM lekane bhUkhamarA maTatA nathI; pahelAMnI peThe dukALanA bhISaNa svarUpane badale chUpe bhUkhamarA dezane kAlI khAya che ane relave anAjanA DhagalA ThAlavavAnI zakti dharAvatI hovA chatAM, leke majUrIlAyaka kAma ane ayatane abhAve bhUkhamarAthI pIDAya che. bhUkhamarAnuM svarUpa bhUkhamarAnuM svarUpa paNa have badalAyuM che. pahelAMnA vakhatamAM dukALa paDatA tyAre leAkeA anAja vinA TaLavaLatA, Aje dukALa sivAyanAM varaseAmAM paNa harahameza lAkhe| ahaMka karADA leAkAne krajiyAta bhUkhamarA vevA paDe che. khetInA dhaMdhA upara ghaNA leAkeAnA bendre vadhavAthI, jamInamahelane bejo vadhAre heAvAthI, ( sarakArI gaNatarI pramANe mAthAdITha lagabhaga doDha rUpiyA thAya che. ) ane devAnA vyAjanA mejo vadhI javAthI khetI paNa nakAne dhaMdho rahyo nathI. eTale kudaratanI maherabAnI chatAM kheDUtane khetInI pedAzamAMthI vyAja ane mahesUla cUkavavA mATe pedAzane meTA bhAga vecI devA paDe che; ane je bace che te kuTuMbanA nirvAha pUratuM hetuM nathI. AthI mahenata karavA chatAM tene bhUkhamarA vevA paDe che. bIjA majUrI karanAranA ane kArIgara lokAnA dhaMdhA paDI bhAgavAthI temanI sthiti te kheDUta karatAM paNa kharAba che. kuMbhAra, luhAra vagere gAmaDAMnA kArIgarA 13 ekAra thayA che. paradezI taiyAra mAle temane dhaMdhA vinAnA karI mUkavA che. zaherAmAM ane kArakhAnAMmAM majUrI karavA sivAya athavA teA jamInanA eka TukaDAnA be karIne khetI karavA sivAya temane bIjo dhaMdho rahyo nathI. madhyamavargane sarakArI nAkarIo mATe paDApaDI karavA sivAya ane paradezIonI dalAlI karavA sivAya bIjo dhaMdho rahyo nathI. Ama, pUratA udyogadhaMdhAne abhAve ane dara varase karADA rUpiyA paradeza ghasaDAI jatA haiAvAthI dukALanA jevI sthitimAM dezanA karoDA leAkeAne haraha Mmeza rahevuM paDe che. eka lekhaka kahe che, hiMdamAM ekadare 61 TakA lokAne eTale ke 21 karoDa leAkAne pUratuM khAvAnuM maLatuM nathI. udyogadhaMdhAnI paDatI uparAMta upara kharcanA bhejo paNa vadhyA che. yuropIya laDAInA vakhatamAM gheADA pramANamAM dezamAM paisAnI cheALe! jaNAI. tene lIdhe leAkeAnA hAthamAM rokaDa vadhAre AvI ane pariNAme rokaDakharca vadhI gayuM. paradezI vastu gAmaDAMmAM khUNekhUNe paheAMcI ga ane navI navI jarUriyAta UbhI thaI.meTarA dAkhala thatAM dUradUranAM gAmaDAMnA lokA page cAlatA baMdha thayA. kuTuMba dITha musApharIkharca vadhI gayuM. kheDUtAnI gADAbhADAnI Avaka echI thaI ane meTAmAM ghaNA paisA paradeza javA lAgyA. Ama, AvakanAM sAdhanA echAM thayAM ane kharcanAM dvAra vadhyAM. pahelAMnAM sAmAjika kharcInA bhejA heThaLa kA kacaDAtA hatA temAM navA jamAnAnAM cApANI, musApharI ane meAhaka cIjonAM kharacAe umerA karyAM. eTale leAkA upara bamaNA mAjo thayA -- Avakane ghaTADeA ane khA

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14 vadhAre. vizeSamAM sarakArI karanA bejAnuM pramANuM te vadhatuM ja hatuM. Ane pariNAme garIbAImAM vadhAro thAya ane bhUkhamara vadhe temAM zI navAI? mAthAdITha Avaka hiMdustAnanI mAthAdITha Avaka mATe ochAvatto game te AMkaDe mUkavAmAM Ave; paraMtu cAre tarapha dezanA sArA gaNAtA bhAgomAM paNa lokenI sthiti jotAM e spaSTa jaNAya che ke, loke divase divase ghasAtA jAya che ane devAmAM DUbatA jAya che. kudaratanI maherathI, vAdaLAM thoDuM paNa pANI chAMTI jAya te navAM sAdhanothI kAma karavA chatAM hiMdustAnanI bhUmi karoDonuM dhAna pakave che. tIDa, hIma ke ativRSTinI sAme rakSaNa karavA loke pAse sAdhana nathI. varasAdanI achata hoya te kUvAnA pANIthI ke bIjI rIte pAka pakavavAnI sagavaDa ghaNI ochI che. sukALa ke dukALano AdhAra varasAdanI munasaphI upara che. chatAM hiMdustAnanI bhUmi pAka de che. AthI deza cheDe ghaNe paNa Ubhe rahyo che. vaLI dezanAM havApANI evAM che ke, ceDAM sAdhanothI mANasa jIvI zake che. eTale dara varSe karaDenuM dhana paradeza ghasaDAI jatuM hovA chatAM, udyogadhaMdhAnI pAyamAlI thayelI hovA chatAM, ane kheDUte asahAya sthitimAM kAma karatA hovA chatAM, hiMdI prajA gumagu paNa jIve che. A bhUkhamare dukALane je pratyakSa ane bhISaNa na hovAthI tenI tAtkAlika sIdhI asara jaNAtI nathI. mANase azakta bane, rogathI pIDAya ane bhare; paraMtu kevaLa khorAkane abhAve mare evuM bahu jovA maLatuM nathI. AthI A niraMtara cAlu, bhUkhamarAne game tema DhAMkIne prajAnI rithati viSe lekhake game tevA khyAla rajU karI zake che. eka sarakhA samayanI Avaka eka lekhaka chuM. para AMke che, te bIje 74 mUke che, tyAre trIjo vaLI 116 gaNe che. koI kahe che ke garIbAI ghaTe che, keAI kahe che ke garIbAI vadhe che. sarakAranuM hita garIbAI ghaTe che ema batAvavAmAM raheluM hovAthI, temanI chAyA heThaLa UcharelA lekhake enI ja DholakI vagADe che. sarakArI ripeTa ane AMkaDA paNa eja daSTithI ghaDAyelA hAI prajAnI kharI sthiti viSe aneka bhrame cAle che. A viSe judAM judAM pustakamAM rajU thayelA nirNaya je AMkaDAo upara racAyelA hoya che, te niSpakSapAta ane bahu AdhArabhUta haitA nathI. pedAza vagerenA AMkaDA nakakI karavAmAM ghaNI aTakaLe karavI paDe che. pratyakSa gaNatarI karatAM tarkanI ramata vadhAre karavI paDe che. karoDa e chAvattAne temAM hisAba ja hotuM nathI. gADAM ne goDAM cAlyAM jAya evI bhUlane temAM avakAza hoya che. badhA AMkaDA upalabdha paNa hotA nathI, eTale AvAM adhurAM ane avizvAsapAtra sAdhane uparathI nirNaya bAMdhavAmAM Ave, te keTalA adhUriyA hoya te saheje samajAya che. AthI kevaLa AMkaDA upara AdhAra rAkhIne prajAnI sthiti sudharI ke bagaDI te nakakI karavuM jokhamabhareluM che. AMkaDAnI sAthe anubhavIene pratyakSa anubhavane meLa khAvo joIe. Ane viSe mAhitagAra vagane pUchaze te jaNAze ke, dezanI Arthika sthiti aMgrejI For Private Persone ly

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16 che tethI teo prajAnuM hita dhyAnamAM rAkhIne kara le che. kharca kare che, evuM kAMI nathI; eTale dezI rAjyanuM taMtra paNa krAMti mAge che. temAM prajAkIya dRSTie pheraphAra thayA vaga prajAne trAsa ocho thAya tema nathI, tenuM taMtra, daSTi vyavasthA ane amala paNa hiMdanA bIjA bhAganI pe prajAkIya thavAM joIe. briTiza taMtravALA bhAgane dezI rAjya pAsethI dhaDe levA jevuM bahu ochuM che. eTale briTiza taMtra judI dizAmAM sudhArA mAge che. tenI sthiti dezI rAjyanA jevI thAya, te elAmAMthI cUlamAM paDavA jevuM thAya. trAsa ne agni elAvAne badale vadhe. prajAkIya amalanI zItaLa zAMti ja baMnene mATe ati Avazyaka che. rAjyanAM pagaraNa thayA pachI sudharavAne badale bagaDI che. DimmInA samaya karatAM atyAre sudharI te nathI ja. dezanA judA judA vibhAgamAM niSpakSapAta rIte Arthika tapAsa karavAmAM Ave, te A nirNayamAM doravaNIrUpa thaI zake. kheDUtonI hADamArI keTalI ochI thaI, lokonuM devuM keTaluM ochuM thayuM, dezamAM bekArI keTalI ghaTI, dezIonA hAthamAM udyogadhaMdhA keTalA vadhyA - AvI mAhitI ja A prazna upara prakAza pADI zake. AvI vizvAsapAtra mAhitI hAla upalabdha nahi hovAthI, A praznanA khulAsA mATe anubhavIonI madadathI jovuM joIe ke, lokonI Arthika mUMjhavaNa keTalI ghaTI che ane hADamArI sAme thavAnI zakti keTalI vadhI che ? dezI rAja dezI rAjyamAM vyavasthA ane amala dekhItI rIte hiMdI che; paraMtu tenI dRSTi ane vyavasthA ke amalanI paddhati prajAkIya nathI, paradezI rAjyanI chAyA heThaLa dezI rAjyanI sthiti kaluSita thayelI hovAthI, tyAMnuM vAtAvaraNa zuddha hiMdI nathI paNa nakalI ane svArthI che, gulAmInA aMzathI bhareluM che tayA svataMtra nathI. eTale DimbI mAne che tema dezI rAjyanI prajA vadhAre samRddha nathI. temanA upara karane bojo ocho nathI. teo Apakhuda rAjAonA manasvI rAjataMtranA trAsa heThaLa kacaDAya che. dezI rAjAo phAve tema kharca karI zake che. keTalAka rAjAonuM kharca vAIsaraoNya karatAM paNa caDhI jAya che. emanA upara rAjakIya aMkuza nathI. rAjAe hiMdI briTiza rAjataMtra heThaLa dezamAM pAzcAtya paddhatinI beMkane vadhAre thAya che. tene lIdhe phAyado thavAne badale lokene navI jAtanI agavaDa vadhI che. pahelAM zAhukAro ane zarApha aMdara aMdara levaDadevaDa karIne kheDUta ane vepArIone dhaMdhArthe mUDI pUrI pADatA. gAmanA loke pitAnI bacata zAhukArane tyAM mUkatA ane zAhukAra te kheDUta ke vepArIne dhArate. A pramANe AMtarika vyavahAra cAlata. A zAhukAronI pratiSThA sarakAre avAranavAra kamiTIo ane kamizana dvArA teDI nAkhI; navA navA kAyadAo karIne ane sahakArI maMDaLIo sthApIne zAhukAranI dhIradhAra muzkela karI mUkI; kheDUtanuM du:kha ghaTADayuM nahi paNa vadhAyuM. keTalAkanI in Education in For Private Personal use only

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sthiti evI thaI ke, na to sarakAra dhIre, na dhIre sahakArI maMDaLI, ke na dhIre zAhukAra. zAhukAra dhIre te paNa tenI dhIradhAranI zarate atizaya kaDaka thaI gaI navA kAyadAo ane sahakArI maMDaLIo thavAthI kheDUtanI milakata sarakArane tyAM lakhAI cUkI; zAhukAranuM dhIradhAranuM jokhama vadhyuM; dhIradhAra ghaTI ane tenuM sthAna keAI sArI paddhatie lIdhuM nahi. pisTa oNphisanAM sarTiphikeTa, tenAM seviMgsa khAtAo ane navA jamAnAnI beMkanuM kAma sAmAnya lokonI nANAbhIDa bhAgavAnuM nahi paraMtu sarakArI kAgaLiyAMmAM paisA rokavAnuM, ke TUMkI mudatanI dhIradhAra karavAnuM rahyuM. eTale lokonA paisA gAmaDAMmAMthI ghasaDAIne beMke ane sarakAranI pesTa phisamAM jamA thayA. tene lAbha zaheranA DAghaNuM vepArIone ane sarakArane ja maLe. gAmaDAMnA vepArI ane kheDUtonI muzkelI vadhI. temane sastA vyAje sagavaDabharI rIte paisA maLatA baMdha thayA. Ama gAmaDAM sukAyAM, zAhukAre sukAyA ane temane bhAge beMke tAjI thaI, tathA sarakAra tAjI thaI. A saMsthAoe prajAzarIranI taMdurastIne bhoge, lokonA hAthapaga sUkavIne peTanA roga vadhAravAnuM ja kAma karyuM che. kheDUtone vAjabI vyAje, sagavaDabharI rIte nANAM maLI rahe, tenuM devuM kapAya ane vepArIone udyogadhaMdhArthe lAMbI mudatanAM nANAM maLe, evI dhIradhAranI vyavasthA thayA vagara A roga maTavAne nathI. sarakAre navI sthApelI rijharva beMka paNa A dizAmAM kAMI kare ema lAgatuM nathI. tenuM kArya phakta paradezIone, A deza uparano nANuM viSayaka kAbu vadhAre daDha karavAnuM hoya, evI bAjI jaNAya che. ja beMke beMkanuM je kAmakAja cAle che, temAMthI paradeza sAthenI daMDIone vepAra te theDI eNceja beMkanA hAthamAM che. te beMke e dhaMdhAno IjAro karI beThI che ane karoDanI daMDIo upara lAkhone napho kare che. jyAre jyAre A kAma karavAnI chUTa dezamAM sthApita kaI beMkane ApavAnI vAta nIkaLe che, tyAre tyAre te beMke sarakAranA e pagalA sAme bumarANa karI mUke che ane potAno dhAryo kAyade karAve che. ImpIriyala beMkanI yejanA thaI, tyAre tenA baMdhAraNamAM e jAtanuM kAmakAja na karavA mATe khAsa aMkuza mukAyA hatA. te ja pramANe rijharva beMkane paNa e dhaMdhAmAMthI bAtala rAkhavAmAM AvI che. dezamAM sthapAyelI beMke Ama naphAna karI zakatI nathI; tema kheDUta tathA kArakhAnAvALAne dhIrI zake evI tene sagavaDa hotI nathI. eTale navA jamAnAnI A saMsthAo gAmaDAnuM dhana ghasaDI jaIne, sarakArI lona ane sarakArI jAmInagIrIomAM paisA rokIne, sarakAranA hAtha majabUta karavA uparAMta bhAgye ja prajAhitanuM kAMI upayogI kAma kare che. sahakArI maMDaLIo beMkanI peTe sahakArI maMDaLIo dvArA paNa kheDUtane lAbha thayo nathI. tagAvInI lonanI peThe sahakArI For Private & Personale Only

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sthiti evI thaI ke, na te sarakAra dhIre, ne dhIre sahakArI maMDaLI, ke na dhIre zAhukAra. zAhukAra dhIre te paNa tenI "dhIradhAranI zarato atizaya kaDaka thaI gaI navA kAyadAo ane sahakArI maMDaLIo thavAthI kheDUtanI milakata sarakArane tyAM lakhAI cUkI; zAhukAranuM dhIradhAranuM jokhama vadhyuM; dhIradhAra ghaTI ane tenuM sthAna ke sArI paddhatie lIdhuM nahi. pisTa oNphisanAM sarTiphike, tenAM seviMgsa khAtAMo ane navA jamAnAnI beMkanuM kAma sAmAnya lokonI nANAbhIDa bhAgavAnuM nahi paraMtu sarakArI kAgaLiyAMmAM paisA rokavAnuM, ke TUMkI mudatanI dhIradhAra karavAnuM rahyuM. eTale lokonA paisA gAmaDAMmAMthI ghasaDAIne beke ane sarakAranI posTa ophisamAM jamA thayA. tene lAbha zaheranA bheDAghaNA vepArIone ane sarakArane ja maLyo. gAmaDAMnA vepArI ane kheDUtonI muzkelI vadhI. temane sastA vyAje sagavaDabharI rIte paisA maLatA baMdha thayA. Ama gAmaDAM sukAyAM, zAhukAre sukAyA ane temane bhAge beMke tAjI thaI, tathA sarakAra tAjI thaI. A saMsthAoe prajAzarIranI taMdurastIne bhoge, lokeAnA hAthapaga sUkavIne paTane roga vadhAravAnuM ja kAma karyuM che. kheDUtone vAjabI vyAje, sagavaDabharI rIte nANAM maLI rahe tenuM devuM kapAya ane vepArIone udyogadhaMdhArthe lAMbI mudatanAM nANuM maLe, evI dhIradhAranI vyavasthA thayA vagara A roga maTavAne nathI. sarakAre navI sthApelI rijharva beMka paNa A dizAmAM kAMI kare ema lAgatuM nathI. 11" tenuM kArya phakta paradezIone, A deza upara nANuM viSayaka kAbU vadhAre daDha karavAnuM hoya, evI bAjI jaNAya che. ja beMke beMkonuM je kAmakAja cAle che, temAMthI paradezo sAthenI dUDIone vepAra te theDI eNcenja beMkanA hAthamAM che. te beMke e dhaMdhAne ijAre karI beThI che ane karoDonI ThaMDIo upara lAkhone napho kare che. jyAre jyAre A kAma karavAnI chUTa dezamAM sthApita kaI beMkane ApavAnI vAta nIkaLe che, tyAre tyAre te beMke sarakAranA e pagalA sAme bumarANa karI mUke che ane pitAno dhAryo kAyado karAve che. ImpIriyala beMkanI yojanA thaI, tyAre tenA baMdhAraNamAM e jAtanuM kAmakAja na karavA mATe khAsa aMkuza mukAyA hatA. te ja pramANe rijharva beMkane paNa e dhaMdhAmAMthI bAtala rAkhavAmAM AvI che. dezamAM sthapAyelI beMke Ama naphAno dhaMdhe karI zakatI nathI, tema kheDUta tathA kArakhAnAvALAne dhIrI zake evI tene sagavaDa hotI nathI. eTale navA jamAnAnI A saMsthAo gAmaDAnuM dhana ghasaDI jaIne, sarakArI lona ane sarakArI jAmInagIrIomAM paisA rokIne, sarakAranA hAtha majabUta karavA uparAMta bhAgye ja prajAhitanuM kAMI upayogI kAma kare che. sahakArI maMDaLIo beMkanI peThe sahakArI maMDaLIo dvArA paNa kheDUtane lAbha thayo nathI. tagAvInI lenanI peThe sahakArI For Private & Personal use only www Bielinary

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DibIkRta AbAda hiMdustAna ! maMDaLIeAnuM taMtra paNa kheDUtane upakAraka nathI thayuM. zAhukAra pAsethI choDAvavA jatAM tene zAhukAranA paMjAmAM vadhAre nAkhyo che. maMDaLIonA amaladArazAhI vahIvaTane lIdhe ane tagAvInI agavaDabharI paddhatine lIdhe kheDUta pitAnI milakata sarakArane tyAM gIre mUkI beTho che. tene joI e tyAre paisA maLatA nathI. zAhukAra paNa pahelAMnI peThe tene dhIrate nathI. Ama sarakAranI navI saMsthAe prajAnuM duHkha bhAgavAne badale tenA gaLAmAM bojArUpa thaI paDI che ane lokonI sthiti sudharavAne badale bagaDI che. udyogadhaMdhAnI paDatI thaI che. prajAne mAthe karane bejo vadhyo che ane tenI muzkelIo vadhI che. vAcaka A viSe potAnI cAre bAju najara karI khAtarI kare, tenAM kAraNe vicAre, ane A du:khI sthiti miTAvavAnA upAyo yoje. atyAre te DibInI peThe ApaNe eTalI ja prArthanA karI zakIe ke, Izvara hiMdustAnane bacAvo ! " gujarAta vidyApITha, amadAvAda viThThaladAsa ma. kekArI For Private & Personale Only

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kaDavI pharaja hiMdustAnanI aMgreja sarakAra AkhI manuSyajAtanA itihAsamAM kadI jANavAmAM na AvelI evI, zuddhamAM zuddha hetuovALI eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu prajAnA hitanAM bhalAmAM bhalAM kAryo karanArI sarakAra che," evI mi. je. esa. mile pitAnI mAnyatA pragaTa karI che. ane hiMdustAnamAM lAMbo vakhata judA judA adhikAra bhogavIne aMte nANAMkhAtAnA pradhAna banelA sara jona sTrecIe lakhelA "hiMdustAna" (1894) nAmanA pustakamAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "mile jaNAvelI vAta haju paNa sAcI che e viSe mane jarA paNa zaMkA nathI...... AkhI duniyAmAM evo eka paNa deza nathI jyAM AvI uttama ane sudharelI rIte rajya calAvavAmAM AvatuM hoya, ane chatAM cheke pAsethI aTale e che kara levAmAM AvatA hoya." For Private & Personale Only

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AbAda hidustAna ! je A vAta sAcI hota te A pustaka lakhavAnI takalIphamAMthI huM bacI gayuM hota. paraMtu, jene hiMdustAnanI sAcI sthitinI thoDI ghaNI pUrNa mAhitI che, tevA koI paNa niSpakSa nyAyAdhIza AgaLa hiMdustAnano kesa rajU karo to tarata ja pheMsalo maLaze ke : 'itihAsamAM bhayaMkara rAkSase tarIke kALe akSare lakhAI gayelA taimuralaMga ane caMgIjhakhAne je julama ane trAsa varatAvyA haze. tenA karatAM khristI aMgrejonA rAkamAM hiMdustAnanA loke je mAnasika, naitika ane zArIrika yAtanA sahana karI rahyA che, te jarA paNa ochI bhayaMkara nathI." ane chatAM, pitAnA rAjyathI hiMdustAnamAM sukha, zAMti ane samRddhi vadhyAM jAya che ema dekhADavAne aMgrejo DhoMga kare, te pachI potAnI jAtane chetaravAnI temanI zakti kharekhara abhuta ja hovI joIe. | dara varSe hiMdustAnamAMthI penzana laI ne iMglaMDa pAcho pharatA saMkhyAbaMdha aMgreja amaladAronAM hiMdustAna viSenAM pustakamAM e eka ja vAta kahyA karavAmAM Ave che. hiMdI sarakAra pote paNa potAnAM ane pitAnA amaladAronAM sukRtyanAM vakhANanuM, tathA AbAda ane sudharelA banatA jatA hiMdustAnanA varNananuM kAvya * dara varSe eka vAra iMglaMDamAM saMbhaLAve che. kaDavI pharaja have, sTreca jevA mANasonI tINa buddhi viSe to koI ne saMdeha hoI zake ja nahi. to pachI aMgrejonA rAjyamAM hiMdustAnanI kevI sthiti thaI rahI che, te zuM teo jANatA ja nathI hotA ke jethI teo AvI haDahaDatI juThI vAto lakhe che? ke pachI - evAM jUThANuM lakhI teo jANI joIne pitAne, iMglaMDanA potAnA dezabhAI ene ane bahAranI sudharelI duniyAne chetaravA mAge che? TrecI kahe che ke hiMdustAnamAM loko uttamamAM uttama rAjavyavasthAnuM sukha bhogavatA hovA chatAM temane mAthe karane bojo AkhI duniyAmAM ceDAmAM thoDe che. paraMtu karane bojo" thoDe che ke vadhAre che te zI rIte nakakI karAya? kaI mANasa keTalA rUpiyA kara Ape che te uparathI te kadI nakakI na karI zakAya. te mANasanI Avaka keTalI che te pahelAM nakkI karavuM joIe. hiMdustAnamAM mAthA dITha vArSika kara 3 zi. 3 pensa che. jyAre, aMgrejo pitAnA dezamAM - dAkhalA tarIke skeTaleMDamAM - mAthA dITha 53 zi. 8 pensa kara bhare che. te uparathI koI mANasa ema siddha karavA jAya ke hiMdustAnanI sarakAra reyata pAsethI mAthA dITha ghaNo e che kara le che, te te mUrkhatA ke jUThANAne atyuttama namUno gaNAya. kAraNa ke briTiza hiMdustAnanI mAthA dITha Avaka * dara varSe iDiyA' nAmathI hiMdI sarakAra taraphathI bahAra pADavAmAM AvatuM pustaka. 1. ekapleneTarI memorenDama : oNpha dhI iDiyA 1901 - 5. 29. ekAuMTsa oNpha For Private & Personal use only

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AbAda hiMdustAna! dara varSe 22 zi. A pensa che. paraMtu 231,085,13ra. mANasonI kula vastImAMthI mATI moTI AvakavALA rAjAe, jamInadAro, vepArIo ane dhaMdhAdArIonI saMkhyA bAda karIe to bAkInAM Azare 230,000,000 mANasanI kula vArSika Avaka mAthA dITha 12 ziliMga ja che. A 12 ziliMgamAMthI sarakAra dara varSe kara peTe 2 zi. 6 pensa eTale ke kula AvakanA 20 TakA laI le che. 2. jyAre, rkoTaleMDamAM mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka 900 ziliMga che. temAMthI kara peTe sarakAra dara varSe mAthA dITha 53 zi. 8 pensa le che, eTale ke mAthA dITha AvakanA lagabhaga 6 TakA ja kara le che. temAM paNa yAda rAkhavAnuM ke 12, ziliMgamAMthI 23 ziliMga levA ane 900mAMthI pa3 ziliMga levA e vacce keTalo moTo phera che. kaDavI pharaja anAjane bhAva: eka rUpiye ratala varSa cokhA ghauM jave 1790 150 ratala 170 ratala 234 ratala 1871 38 , 40 , pa4 ) 1892 25, 25 , 38 , ane chatAM duniyAnA meTAmAM moTA sAmrAjyano nANAMkhAtAnA pradhAna sTrecI, ke jene badhI jAtanA AMkaDA sahelAIthI maLI zake tema che, te pitAnA dezabaMdhue AgaLa ema kahevAnI hiMmata kare che ke, "AkhI duniyAmAM hiMdustAna je, echAmAM ocho kara bharanAre eka paNa deza nathI." sTrecIe hiMdustAnanuM lUNu I. sa. 184rathI khAvA mAMDyuM che ane vAIsaroya sivAyanI bIjI badhI meTAmAM moTI pAyarIoe te caDI cUkyo che. tene atyAre je penzana maLe che te madrAsa ilAkAnA 1200 kheDUtonI vArSika Avaka jeTaluM che. ane chatAM tenA badalAmAM hiMdustAnanI sthiti viSe IgleMDamAM taddana jUThe khyAla UbhA karIne hiMdustAnanI durdazA vadhAre ne vadhAre laMbAya evuM karavA sivAya bIjuM kAMI sAruM karavAnuM tene na ja uparAMta iMglaMDanI sarakAra vividha upAya vaDe dara varSe anAjanA bhAve kema sastA thatA jAya tene mATe tanatoDa prayatna karI rahI che; jyAre hiMdustAnamAM anAjanA bhAvo nIce pramANe dara varSe vadhatA jAya che : che. kAraNake kula AvakamAMthI jema paisAdAra loke peTe 10 zi. 4 pensa mAthA dITha kamI karyo, tema mAthA dITha karamAMthI paNa te hisAbe 9 pensa temanA bhAganA kamI thaI jAya che. 2. I. sa. 1935mAM sara vizvezvaraiyAe karelI gaNatarI pramANe paNa karane mAthA dITha be AvakanA 20 TakA eTale ke rUpiye traNa AnA thAya che. mi. semyueNla smithe pArlameMTamAM bhASaNa ApatAM (1894 - ogasTa) jaNAvyuM hatuM ke : hiMdustAnamAM dara varSe pAMcaso rUpiyAnI AvakavALA mANasa 70 0mAM eka hoya che. A vastu bIjI rIte paNa kahI zakAya. hiMdustAnamAM aMgrejonI sIdhI hakUmata heThaLa For Private & Personal use only www Bielinary

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AbAda hidustAna ! 22 karoDa mANase che paNa teo iMglaMDanA 4 karoDa 'mANase je inkamaTekasa bharI zake che tene dazame bhAga paNa bharI zakatAM nathI. ATalA uparathI ja hiMdustAnanI garIbAIne pUrepUro khyAla AvI zakaze." * paraMtu InkamaTekasa tarIke je thoDI rakama maLe che te kAraNe koIne gusso caDavAnI jarUra nathI. paraMtu teTale thoDo kara ugharAvavAmAMya " AkhI manuSyajAtinA itihAsamAM kadI nahi jANavAmAM AvelI evI - prajAnA hitanAM bhalAmAM bhalAM karyA karanArI" sarakArane zuM zuM karavuM paDe che, te dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI jarUra che : dAmodara kahAlI nAmanA eka mANasane gaye varSe jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM ke tene 18 rUpiyAne inkamaTekasa bharavo paDaze. tene te e khabara jANI mAthe vIjaLI tUTI paDyA jevuM thayuM. teTalI rakama bhegI karavI e tenA gajA uparAMtanI vAta hatI. tethI teNe te rItanI arajI sarakArane karI. te arajInuM pariNAma e AvyuM ke, InkamaTekasa bharatAM vAra karavAne kAraNe tene daMDa tarIke 7 rUpiyA vadhAre bharavAnA thayA. paraMtu tenAthI te te daMDa ke pelI mULa rakama - kAMI bharI zakAya tema hatuM ja nahi, eTale tene ghera japtI ANavAmAM AvI; paraMtu tyAMthI kAMI laI javA jevuM sarakArane maLyuM nahi. eTale tenI dukAna upara dhADa kaDavI pharaja laI javAmAM AvI ane temAMthI je kAMI maLyuM te badhuM laI jaIne harAjI karI vecI nAMkhavAmAM AvyuM. te temAMthI lagabhaga 2 rUpiyA jeTalI rakama upajI. pachI te mANasanuM 'ghara' harAjI karavAmAM AvyuM. tenA 65 rUpiyA upanyA. temAMthI 28 rUpiyA InkamaTekasanA ane 7 rUpiyA daMDanA ema 75 rUpiyA vasUla karavAmAM AvyA ane bAkInI rakama bIjA varSanA Tekasa peTe jame rAkhI mUkavAmAM AvI. kalpanA karo ke eka mANasa, ke jenI dukAnanI tamAma mAlamatA be rUparaDInI hoya ane jenuM dhara 65 rUpiyAnI kiMmatanuM hoya tene inkamaTekasa tarIke 20 rUpiyA - eTale ke tenI Avakane nahi paNa tenI tamAma mAlamilakatane arthoardha bhAga InkamaTekasa tarIke bharavAno homa ! "1 ane gharabAra ane AkhI dukAna harAja thaI gayA chatAM te ja bhANunA bIjA varSanA inkamaTaeNkasa peTe 27 rUpiyA jame rAkhI mUkavAmAM AvatA hoya ! hiMdustAnanA mArA sattAdhArI aMgreja dezabaMdhuo nIcenI vastusthitimAMthI paNa kazo ja bodha levA mAgatA nathI ke, aMgrejo AvyA pahelAM 175 nI sAla sudhInAM 1745 varSamAM 18 sthAnika dukALa ja naioMdhavAmAM AvyA che. jyAre, aMgrejo AvyA pachI 1745 thI 1900 sudhInAM 132 varSamAM dezavyApI 36 dukALa nAMdhAyA che. e ja vastu bIjI rIte kahIe te, 1797 thI 1900 sudhInAM 107 * 1933-4mAM paNa hiMdamAM 65 TakA lokenI vArSika Avaka . 50 thI vadhAre nathI. sarakArI Avakavero bharatA lokonI saMkhyA mAtra 25 TakA che. 1. TIbyunaH lAhora; 23 julAI 1901 in Education in For Private Personal use only

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10 AbAda hiMdustAna! varSamAM AkhI duniyAmAM laDAIthI 50,00,000 [50 lAkha] mANase maraNa pAmyAM gaNAya che; paraMtu 1889 thI 19001 sudhInAM mAtra 10 varSamAM ekalA hiMdustAnamAM dukALa ane bhUkhamarAthI 1,90,00, 000 [190 lAkha] manuSya maraNa pAmyAM che. judA judA dezonI mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka tapAsavAthI paNa e ja vastu dIvA jevI dekhAI Ave che. I. sa. 1900 mAM 2 [15 rUpiyAnA 1 pAuMDane hisAbe judA judA dezanI mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka A pramANe che : IgleMDa 45 pAuMDa kAnsa TreliyA amerikA 39 ,, jarmanI 22 , bejiyama 28 , hiMdustAna 1 , kaDavI pharaja varSo sudhInA satata ane sUkSma abhyAsa pachI mArI, khAtarI thaI che ke, hiMdustAnamAM vadhI gayelA ATalA badhA vyApaka dukALA, bhUkhamarAthI thatAM saMkhyAbaMdha maraze ane lokonI dayAjanaka garIbAI, e badhuM ApaNA rAjyanuM - eTale ke ApaNe hiMdustAnamAM je kAMI karyuM che temaja je kAMI nathI karyuM tenuM - sIdhuM pariNAma che. A bahu kaDavA zabdo che. paraMtu mAre je mAruM kartavya pramANikapaNe adA karavuM hoya, te tema kahyA vinA mArAthI na ja rahevAya. A pustakanAM have pachInAM pAnAM mArA te maMtavyanA purAvArUpe ja che. 40 . 'kanaDA 1, 1900 pachInAM 20 varSamAM 4 dukALa noMdhAyA che. temAM benI asara vadhAre vyApaka hatI. 2. hAlanI navI gaNatarI nIce mujaba che : deza varSa mAthAdITha Avaka . amerikA 1928 2053 keneDA 1930 1168 iMgleMDa 1931 1092 krAsa 1928 jarmanI 1928 japAna 19 28 271 hiMdustAna 1933 in de bonne For Private & Personal use only

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aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM ApaNe hiMdustAnamAM paisA kamAvA AvyA hatA ane kaI rIte te paisA kamAvA teno vicAra karavAnI ApaNane kurasada na hatI. ApaNane paisA joItA hatA, ane te paisA pramANikapaNe ja meLavavA hatA te tega ApaNe rAkhyo na hate. aDhAramA saikAnA, zarUAtanA aMgrejI rAjyanA ItihAsane have jUnA jamAnAnI vAtamAM gaNI nAkhavAmAM Ave che. badhA ema ja mAne che ke atyAranI sthiti sAthe tene kazo saMbaMdha nathI. paraMtu, vAstavika rIte hiMdustAnamAM aMgrejonA zarUAtanA divasano ItihAsa khAsa agatyane che. kAraNa ke, hiMdustAnamAM atyAranuM aMgrejI rAjya kayA siddhAMta anusAra calAvavAmAM Ave che te jANavA ane samajavA mATe, te samayane zarUAtano ItihAsa ja ekamAtra sAdhana che. temaja atyAranA aMgrejI rAjyakArabhAramAM aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM je hInatA vyApelI che, tathA hiMdustAnabharamAM lekanI je asAdhAraNa kaMgAliyata najare paDe che, te astitvamAM AvavAnuM kAraNa, te zarUAtanA divase mAM je rAjyapaddhati zarU karavAmAM AvI hatI, ane pachIthI paNa mAtra dekhADavAnA thoDA ghaNA uparATiyA pheraphAro karIne hAlamAM paNa kAyama rAkhavAmAM AvI che - te ja che. te rAjyapaddhatinA siddhAMta jude jude samaye nIce pramANe ghaDAtA AvyA che (1) I. sa. 1700 thI 1783 : hiMdustAnanI ughADe cheka lUMTaH " zarama rAkhyA vinA bilakula nagna svarUpe." - (2) I. sa. 1783 thI 1833 : hiMdustAnanI prajAnI sarva prakAranI uttama zaktio, vicArapUrvaka kacarI nAkhavI. jethI hiMdustAna kAyamane mATe IglaMDanI tAbedArImAM rahe. (3) I. sa. 1833 thI 1901 : upara uparathI savyavahArane Dhaga rAkhI, hiMdI prajAne jarA paNa zithilatA batAvyA sivAya kaDaka rIte gulAmI ane hInatAmAM rAkhavI. aMgrejonA rAjyamAM hiMdustAnanI AvI kaMgALa sthiti kema thatI Ave che, tathA aMgrejonA rAjyanA mULamAM ja evI kaI vastuo che ke jethI tenuM pariNAma acUka Ave che, te samajavA mATe uparanI traNe vigate barAbara tapAsavI ane jANavI joIe. 700 varSa pahelAM aMgrejo hiMdustAnamAM "nasIba ajamAvavA nIkaLelA sAhasike" tarIke AvyA hatA ane sAhasika rakhaDuo viSe je kAMI kahI zakAya teTaluM ja temane mATe paNa kahevuM joI e H jarAya vadhAre ochuM nahi. temane mana baMgALA temaja temanA hAthamAM sapaDAyelA bIjA Jain Education Internation For Private & Personal use only

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! ilAkAo, lUMTI khAvAnI vasturUpa Fr hatA. atyAre sAtamA eNDavarDanA vakhatamAM paNa, pazcimanI sudharelI bhASAmAM meDhA meTA, paNa jarAya artha vinAnA zabdo -- } je vaDe hiMdI vajIra dara varSe pAtAne temaja AmanI sabhAnA sabhAvita sabhyAne chetare che - tevA zabdo vaDe temanAM mRtyA sArI peThe zaNagAravAmAM Ave che chatAM, hiMdustAna aMgrejone mATe eka lUTI. khAvAnI vastu ja che, ane te tene nirAMte lUTayA jAya che, atyAre je kAMI kraka paDayo hAya tA eTaleA ja ke, te vakhatanA karatAM atyAre te lUTa vadhAre saceATatAthI karavAmAM Ave che; te vakhatanA 'sUtaranA tAra atyAre lokhaMDanI vajanadAra eDIe' anyA che, tathA hiMdustAnamAMthI iMgleMDa tarapha rAja vadhyA karatA ane vegathI vahetA atyAranA klAIva ane haeNkTInse paDAvelI rakame gaNatarImAM paNa na levA jevI tuccha banI gaI che. * ApaNe upara jaNAvelA traNe muddAe jarA vigatathI tapAsIe. dhanapravAha AgaLa 14 1 I. sa. 1700 thI 1783 aMgrejoe hiMdustAnamAM paga te vepArIne veSe mUkyA hatA. paraMtu jyAre temaNe joyuM ke sIdhA vepAra karatAM lUTavAmAM vadhAre jhaDapathI aDhaLaka tarko bhegA thaI zake tema che, tyAre temaNe pAtAne! gaja ane trAjavAM dUra pheMkI dIdhAM. * atyAre lagabhaga 40 karaDa rUpiyA dara varase dezanI mahesUlamAMthI bahAra cAlyA jAya che. (1933-4) . agrejI rAjyanA mULamAM 15 ane plAsInA yuddha pachI temanA hAthamAM thoDIghaNI rAjasattA AvatAM ja temaNe ughADecheoka lUTArunA dhaMdhA zarU karI dIdhA. te kAma karavAmAM temane mitra ke zatru evA bheda rAkhavAnI jarUra jaNAtI na hatI; paisAnI prApti thavAnI hoya te sukhrista ke pavitra dharmapustakanI sAkSIthI lIdhelA sAga 6 tADatAM paNa temane vAra lAgatI na hatI; temanA vizvAse ekikara kheDelA temanA mitrane tenA zatrunA hAthamAM soMpatAM ke potAnI mitratA bIjA kAI vadhu paisA ApanArane vecatAM temane vadhu samaya joI te na hato. koI navA mitra banI temanA hAtha pakaDatA ke tarata te hAtha tene temaja tenI prajAne phADI khAnAra dAruNa paMjo banI jatA, je prAMtA ke paragaNAM temanI rAjasattA heThaLa AvatAM, temanI vase, gheTAMne deza varuenA TALAnA hAthamAM Ave te thAya tevI thatI. potAnI anelI prajA pratye peAtAne khAsa dharma prApta thAya che, tevuM vidhAna temanA rAjanItizAstramAM na hatuM. zarUAtanAM varSonA e AkhA itihAsa zarama bharele che, temane paisAnI eTalI badhI bhUkha hatI ke, te bhUkha AgaLa nyAya, pramANikatA, satya, vizvAsa ke bIjA kazAnuM baMdhana ADe AvI zakatuM niha. te AkhA itihAsa maikAle ane aMka potAnI tejasvI kalamathI jagatanA itihAsamAM kALe akSare lakhyA che. te samayanI " zarama vinA bilakula nagna svarUpe " cAlatI, hiMdustAnanI " udhADeAka lUMTa ' viSe banAM lakhANAmAMthI theADAka utArA nIce ApyA cheH "garIba prajA pAsethI je mahesUla ugharAvavAmAM Ave che te mahela, aMgrejo hiMdustAnamAMthI mAla kharIdI iMglaMDa

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! mekalavAmAM kharace che. vepAra mATe iMgleMDa mekalavAnA mAla kharIdavAmAM teo mAtra dezanI mahelanA upayoga karIne ja aTakatA nathI; paraMtu potAnI rAjasattAno paNa temAM chUTathI upayAga karIne marachamAM Ave te bhAve orajulamathI dezanA vepArIe pAsethI temanA mAla kharIde che, ane potAnA mAla temane vece che. AnuM pariNAma paNa tarata ja dekhAyA vinA rahe nahi, ane cAre bAjuthI dezanI prajAmAM ane vepArIomAM meTA khaLabhaLATa macI rahyo che. 16 "I. sa. 1770mAM pUrve kAI dezamAM naMdu paDeleA tevA bhayaMkara dukALa paDavA chatAM aMgrejoe potAnuM mahela te bhISaNa atyAcAra ane bhayaMkara jorajulamathI pUrepUruM ja ugharAvyuM ane tevI vikaTa sthitimAM paNa te tenI rakama dara varSe vadhAratA ja gayA. " A pramANe dezanI mahesUlanA rUpiyAmAMthI, ke dezanA gerakAyade ane anyAyI vepAranA ijArAmAMthI maLelA nA vaDe ~ 1780 sudhInAM cAra varSa daramyAna temaNe mAtra agALamAMthI ja doDhathI be karoDa rUpiyAnA bhAla kharIdIne iMglaMDa caDAvyA hatA. te rUpiyA haMmezane mATe dezamAMthI cAlyA gayelA ja gaNavA joI e kAraNake tenA badalAmAM mAla ke rUpiyA kazuM ja dezane pAchuM maLavAnuM na hatuM. te mAlanA vecANamAMthI upajelA rUpiyA temaja maLelA naphA e badhuM IMglaMDanI kaMpanInA bhAgIdArAne (vagara mUDIe maLelA ) nA tarIke vaheMcAvAnuM hatuM. " duniyAnA saMdezAmAM sarakAra vepAramAMthI meLave che paNa hiMdustAnamAM aMgrejo e niyamane mahesUla avA agrejI rAjyanA mULamA karI rAjyanI mahesUla vaDe vepAra calAvatA hatA. e rUpiyA dezane kAI paNa prakAranA badale| pAchA ApyA vinA ja paradeza ghasaDI javAmAM AvatA hatA.* "paraMtu vAta ATalethI ja pUrI thatI nathI. kaMpanI A rIte mahesUlanA je bhAga iMglaMDa caDAvavAno mAla kharIdavAmAM naheAtI vAparatI tenuM zuM thatuM hatuM te hajI jovAnuM bAkI ja rahe che. kula mahesUlamAMthI lazkarI, mulakI, ane mahesUlI khAtAnA kharca peTe dara varSe 3 karoDa rUpiyA kharcavAmAM AvatA. eTalA rUpiyA tA chevaTe dezamAM ja kharacAtA haze ema mAnavAnI kAI bhUla kadAca kare. paraMtu nA. te 3 karoDanI rakamamAMthI mulakI khAtuM calAvavAnA kharca peTe je rakama kharacAya che temAMthI eka pAI paNa dezIone maLatI nathI. kAraNa ke, te khAtAmAMthI dezIone bilakula khAtala rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. mahesUlI khAtAmAM paNa meTA darajjAnI badhI ja nAkarIemAMthI temane atala rAkhavAmAM AvyA che. bilakula thoDA apavAdA sivAya, dezaene mAtra aMgrejonA nAkarA ke gumAstAo tarIke athavA te| te khAtAnI cheka halakI nekarIomAM ja levAmAM Ave che. 17 * sarakAra hAla paNa dezanI mahesUlamAMthI dara pAMca rUpiye eka rUpiyA paradeza dhasaDI jAya che. (1933-34) 1. mAsika rU. 1000 thI vadhAre pagAranI nokarIomAM hiMdIonuM pramANa I. sa. 1887mAM 2 TakA, 1897mAM 5 TakA, ane 1913mAM 7 TakA hatuM. te ja varasamAM mAsika 6, 200 uparAMtanA pagAranI nokarImAM phakta trIjA bhAganA hiMdIo hatA. A pramANamAM hajI paNa lAMbA phera paDagho nathI

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AbAda hiMdustAna! "dIvAnI sattA maLyA bAda navAba sAthe karelI saM pramANe 63,00,000 rUpiyA navAbane tenA kharca mATe da varSe ApavAmAM AvatA hatA. e rakama dezamAMthI 4 mahesUla ugharAvavAmAM AvatI hatI tenA pramANamAM te najIvI ja hatI; chatAM temAMthI thoDAka pramANamAM dezana keTalAka zaktimAna tathA ucca varganA navAbanA amaladAro pagAra maLato, eTale e rIte te varganuM nAmanizAna nIkaLa jatuM aTakatuM hatuM. te varganA leke sAmAnya rIte vepAradhaMdhAma paDatA nahi. temane mukhya AdhAra dezanA mulakI ke lazkarI khAtAmAMnI moTI moTI nokarIo ja hatI. paraMtu thoDA ja varSa bAda pote karelA karArano bhaMga karIne te rakamane aMgrejoe ghaTADIne mAtra 48 lAkha rUpiyA karI nAkhI ane pachI thoDA ja samayamAM navA navAbanI nAnI ummara tathA tenA devAnI rakamanuM bahAnuM kADhI, tene pharI ghaTADIne 24 lAkha rUpiyA karI nAkhI. paraMtu pachI jyAre te meTo thayo ane tenuM devuM cUkavAI gayuM, tyAre paNa te rakama to teTalI ne teTalI ja rahI. lazkarI khAtAmAM paNa, lazkarane 1 bhAga dezI hovA chatAM eka paNa dezane ' jamAdAra "thI UMcI padavIe levAmAM Avato nathI. uparAMta lazkaranI sAmagrI ane saraMjAmane badhA ijArA paNa aMgrejone ja ApavAmAM Ave che. eTale ke, ekAda sipAIne jIvatA rahevA pUratI rakama, nAnAmAM nAnA hoddAne dezI amaladAranA pagAranI rakama, ke aMgrejo je kAMI khAyapIe tenA kharcanI rakama aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM bAda karatAM bAkInA badhA rUpiyA eka yA bIje rUpe paradezamAM ja ghasaDI javAmAM Ave che." yuropanI tamAma prajAonI atyAranI samRddhino moTo bhAga, temaNe bIjA khaMDenI prAcIna saMskRtiovALI prajAone lUMTIne ja meLavyA che. spene dakSiNa amerikA lUMTayuM; ane IMglaDe, zarUAtamAM, tyAMnA khajAnAthI bharAIne pena AvatAM vahANa lUMTIne paisA bhegA karyA. paraMtu pachInAM varSomAM aMgrejone bIje kAI paradezI lUMTavAno maLyo nahi, ane spena pAsethI lUMTI ANelA paisA bhogavilAsanI vastuo paradezathI maMgAvavAmAM jhaTa kharacAI gayA. pariNAme dezamAM nANAMnI moTI bhIDa UbhI thaI paraMtu te arasAmAM subhAgye hiMdustAna temanA hAthamAM AvyuM. tyAM temaNe kevI lUMTa calAvI tathA nANAMnI taMgImAM AvI paDelA pitAnA dezamAM temaNe thoDA ja samayamAM kevI rIte sonArUpAnI relachela karI mUkI, enA jevI bIjI bInA AkhI duniyAnA ItihAsamAM kyAMya jovA maLe tema nathI. maeNkaeNlee teno Akho itihAsa potAnA lAIva ane heTasa viSenA nibaMdhamAM chaTAdAra rIte varNavI batAvyo che. te pustaka vAcakane sahelAIthI maLI zake tema hovAthI temAMthI utArI ApavAnuM kUpha rAkhI, bIjI je vastuo vAcakane sahelAIthI jANavA maLe tevI nathI, te vAto upara ja huM vAcakanuM dhyAna kheMcavA mAguM chuM. * lAIva temaja tenA pachInA samayane itihAsa ApatAM gujarAtImAM paNa " plAsInuM yuddha " ane "behAla baMgALA" nAmanAM pustake have prasiddha thayelAM che. For Private & Personale Only

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! je kArakhAnAM vaDe iMgla`Da atyAre potAnI audyogika unnati sAdhIne duniyAmAM agragaNya deza banI zakyuM che, tathA je kArakhAnAMe hiMdustAnanA sarvAM udyogahunnarAne dhULa meLavyA che, te kArakhAnAM baMgALA ane karNATakamAMthI lUTI ANelA vipula dhanabhaMDArane AbhArI che, plAsInuM yuddha laDAyuM tathA tyAra pachI hiMdustAnamAMthI dhanabhaMDAra lAgyA tyAra pahelAM laeNkazAyaranAM reDhiyA ane zALA hiMdustAnanA jevAM ja sAdAM hatAM. ane iMgleMDanA aMdhA udyogA paDatI hAlatamAM hatA. hiMdustAnathI lUMTI ANelI dhanasapatti ane iMgleMDanA udyogono vikAsa, e be vacce kA kAranA saMbaMdha che. AvavA bruksa eNDamsa lakhe che: 20 " plAsInA yuddha pachI tarata ja baMgALanI lUTa laMDanamAM AvavA lAgI, ane tenI asara ekadama thaI ema dekhI zakAya che. kAraNuM, adhA ja pramANabhUta lekhA kabUla kare che ke, 19mI sadIne AgalA jamAnAthI judI pADanAra yAMtrikayuga 1760nI sAlathI zarU thayA. eInsanA kahevA pramANe I. sa. 1760 pahelAM vaeNkezAyaramAM kAMtavA mATe vaparAtuM `tra lagabhaga hiMdustAnanA jevuM ja sAduM hatuM. ane 1750nI sAlamAM IMgleMDanA leAkhaDA udyoga, aLataNa mATe jaMgale! kapAI javAthI pUrepUrI paDatI dazAmAM AvI gayA hatA. te vakhate iMgleMDamAM vaparAtA leADhAnA 6 jeTalA bhAga svIDanathI AvatA hatA. " plAsInuM yuddhu 1757mAM laDAyuM, ane tyArabAda je pheraphArA jhapATAbaMdha thavA lAgyA, temanI gatinI tulanA agrejI rAjyanA mULamAM 1 ' kazAthI paNa thaI zake nahi. 1760mAM TakAzALe dekhA dIdhI, ane lehuM ogALavAnI bhaThThIomAM lAkaDAnI jagAe kAlasA AvyA. 1764mAM hArazrIjhe 'spInI'ga jenI' zodhI kADhI; 1776mAM krompTane 'skUla' banAvyuM; tathA 1785mAM kArATe varALathI cAlatI zALanA peTaTa lIdhA. paNa A badhAmAM mukhya evI zodha 1768mAM vATe varALathI cAlatuM eMjina pUruM karIne karI. paraMtu dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM e che ke, A badhAM yaMtrA jo ke te vakhate zarU thayelA pheraphArone pragaTa thavA mATe dvArarUpa thayAM hatAM, paNa te pheraphAro kaI temanAthI thayA na hatA. " AvI badhI zeAdhA svabhAve niSkriya hoya che. keTalIya agatyanI zeAdhA saikAothI thaI gayelI heAya che; paNa temane gati ApanAra zakti ekatrita thavAnI rAha joI ne te akriya paDI rahe che. te zakti haMmezAM nANAMrUpe ekaThI thavI joIe ane te nANAM paNa eka jagAe paDI rahelAM niha, paraMtu karatAM hAvAM joI e. " A pramANe chApavAnI kaLA yuropamAM AvI tyAra pahelAM keTalAya yugeAthI cInamAM zeAdhAyelI hatI. saMbhavita che ke rAmanA dArUgALAthI mAhitagAra hatA; tathA rivolvare ane tepA paNa 15mA 16mA saikAmAM astitvamAM AvI gaI hatI. vaoNTanA janma pahelAM keTalAya samayathI varALa upara akhatarA zarU thayA hatA. vaoNTe kaI varALayatranI zodha karI na hatI; teNe te tene bajAramAM mUkavA yeAgya banAvavAmAM ja peAtAnI jiMdagI khatama karI hatI. 'dustAnanA dhanabhaMDAra iMglaMDamAM ThalavAye| ane tene kAraNe zAkhanA vyavahAra www.jain litary ag

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AbAda hiMdustAna! vadhyo, tyAra pahelAM tyAM A zene jarUrI e nANAMrUpI zaktisaMcaya hatA ja nahi. je veTa 50 varSa pahelAM ja janmyA hatA, te te pote ane tenI zodha baMne sAthe ja nAza pAmyAM hota. te jamAnAne mahAnamAM mahAna zaktizALI kArakhAnAdAra baTana niSphaLa nIvaDavAnI aNI upara AvI gayo hato. e paNa nakakI ja che, baranIMgahAmanA belTananA kArakhAnA vinA vaMTanuM eMjina kadIya astitvamAM AvI zakayuM nahota, paraMtu 1760 pahelAM beTananA jevAM kArakhAnAM paNa UbhAM karavAM ke cAlu rahevAM asaMbhavita hatAM. kAraNake majUranA meTA jathAne ekatrita karI zake teTalA meTA pramANamAM mUDI bhegI thaI na hoya, tyAM sudhI badhA udyoga, nAnA pramANamAM, sTI chUTI vyaktio-ke je udyoga sAthe khetI karIne nabhatI hoya - temanA vaDe ja cAlI zake. sRSTi zarU thaI tyArathI Aja sudhI koI mUDIe, hiMdustAnanI lUMTamAMthI jeTale na Ape teTale A nahi hoya. kAraNake, lagabhaga 50 varSa sudhI te lUMTamAM IgleMDane kaI bhAgIdAra na hatA. 1694 thI plAsInA yuddha (1757) sudhI te lUMTanI gati pramANamAM dhImI hatI. paraMtu, 176 0 ane 1815 nI vacamAM te te vadhIne vegI tathA pracaMDa banI gaI." IMglaMDanA lokee te samaya daramyAna keTalI lUMTa dhasaDI ANI haze tene thoDo khyAla te dezanI lonanI rakama uparathI AvI zake. kAraNake, lenane artha ke pAse bhegI thayelI phAjala mUDI ja che, e badhA samajI zakaze. 1756mAM aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM kalAIva IMgleMDa gaye tyAre IMglaDe prajA pAse 74,575,000 pAuMDanI lena lIdhelI hatI, ane tenA para te 2,753,000 pAuDanuM vyAja bharatuM hatuM. paNa 1815 mAM te lonanI rakama vadhIne 861,000,000 pAuMDa thaI gaI ane tenuM vyAja ja 32,645,000 pAuMDa thatuM hatuM." A pramANe iMglaMDanI asIma latanuM mULa tene hiMdustAna sAthe saMbaMdha che. ane atyAre paNa vastusthiti tene te ja che- bhale tene sudharelI rIte kahI batAvavAmAM AvatI hoya. " hiMdustAnanI lUMTamAMthI je napho maLe teTalo naphe duniyA zarU thaI tyArathI kaI thApaNu upara nahi maLyo hoya," evuM ApaNe upara vAMcI AvyA. hiMdustAnamAMthI ghasaDI ANelI e saMpattinuM pramANa keTaluM che ? atyAra sudhI koI tene AMkaDo yathAsthita rIte nakakI karI zakyuM nathI, temaja have paNa kaI tene hisAba kADhI zake tema nathI. atyAra sudhI ghaNaya lekhakoe tene aMdAja kADhavA prayatna karyo che. te uparathI ema kahI zakAya ke, plAsI ane baeNTaluMnA yuddha vaccenA samayamAM aMgrejoe hiMdustAnamAMthI 15 abaja rUpiyA ghasaDI Apyo che. atyAre te lUTa sudharelI rIte "kAyadApUrvaka " karavAmAM Ave che ane "briTiza mUDI, " "briTiza mAlanuM vecANu" briTiza amaladAronA pagAre " vagere sArA sArA zabdo lakanA mAthAmAM mAravAmAM Ave che. paraMtu vAta ekanI eka ja che--ke hiMdustAnane lUMTavAmAM Ave che. kAraNake te kahevAtI briTiza mUDI, ke mAla, ke amaladAre, hiMdustAna in Education in For Private & Personal use only

Page #24
AbAda hiMdustAna! mAge che tethI tene ApavAmAM Ave che ke kema, te savAlane javAba ApavAnI jarUra koI jotuM nathI. aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM 25 ApaNe temAMthI meTA meTA phakarA utAravAnA chIe; kAraNa ke, te phakarAomAM te samaye je siddhAMta sthApita karavAmAM Avyo che, te siddhAMta ja, pachIthI paNa, pArlameMTanA DAhyA DAhyA TharAvo chatAM, kAyamane mATe amalamAM mUkavAmAM Avyo che. ane haju paNa uparanA suMdara DhAMkapichoDAo chatAM kAyama I. sa. 1783 thI 1833 iMglaMDanI chata pUrI thatAM, hiMdustAna tenA paga AgaLa ALoTate paDyo hato. have eka pagaluM AgaLa bharavAno vakhata AvyuM. A navA jitAyelA deza upara kevI rIte rAjya karavAnuM hatuM ? tenI prajAne aMgrejI rAjyanA nAgarika gaNavAnA hatA ke gulAmo? hiMdustAnanuM rAjya calAvavAmAM, dezanI paristhitithI vadhu mAhitagAra evAM hiMdustAnanAM mANasane upayogamAM levAnAM hatAM ke nahi ? ApaNe te vakhate vicAryuM ke, "jo temane ApaNe ApaNI sAthe rAjakArabhAramAM bhAga ApAe ane e rIte temane ApaNA jevuM jJAna ane anubhava meLavavAnI taka hAthe karIne pUrI pADIe, te teo te jJAna ane anubhava ApaNane hAMkI kADhavAmAM ja vApare." eTale tarata nakakI karavAmAM AvyuM ke, temane ApaNA sAthIo banAvavAne badale nokara banAvavA. viliyama benTIkanA vakhatamAM, madrAsa ilAkAmAM raiyatavArI paddhati dAkhala karavI ke jamInadArI paddhati dAkhala karavI, te viSenI carcA upasthita thaI hatI. te vakhate mi. viliyama Thekaree je lakhANuM karyuM hatuM, temAM aMgrejonA mAnasane saMpUrNa paricaya ApaNane maLe che, te vakhatanA riporTa ane carcAo eka saikA pahelAMnAM che; chatAM atyAre benTIkanI saMpUrNa saMmati sAthe ghaDavAmAM AvelA te ripeTamAM Thekare jaNAve che : hiMdustAna jevaDA deza upara thaDA mUThIbhara paradezIee rAjya karavuM hoya, to tenI prajAmAMthI svamAna, ucca Adarzo ane sarva prakAranI mahattvAkAMkSAone gUMgaLAvI mAravAM joIe. iMglaMDamAM ApaNe dezanI jamIna meTA meTA jamInadAronA hAthamAM rAkhIe te samajAya tevuM che. kAraNa ke, tevAM samRddha kuTuMbomAMthI ja ApaNane ApaNA dezanA sArAsAra rAjanItijJa, rAjasabhAnA sabhAsado, tattvaciMtaka ane rAjyanI sevA ane rakSaNa mATe prANu arpanAra vIra puruSo maLe che.... moTA meTA jamInadArane moTI mahesUlane kAraNe je navarAza, je sagavaDa, je vipulatA, je svataMtratA ane ucca Adarzo maLe che, te badhAMne kAraNe ja teo iMglaMDane kIrtisaMganI Toce caDAvavAne zaktimAna thayA che. eTale, moTI moTI jAgIranI Avaka tevAM samRddha kuTuMbone poSavAmAM vaparAya te jarUranuM che. ane te dhanasaMpatti teone cirakALa prApta thAo ! paNa hiMdustAnanA lokomAMthI te tevuM vAbhimAna, svataMtratA tathA UMDA vicAro ane lAgaNIo umULa karI For Private & Personal use only www Bielinary

Page #25
AbAda hiMdustAna ! nAkhavAM joIe. te badhAM ApaNA hitanA kaTTara duzmane che. ApaNane hiMdustAnamAMthI saradAre, rAjanIti ane dhArAzAstrIo nathI joItA, ApaNe te majUrI kare tevA kheDUte ja joI e che. ApaNe je caMcaLa, durAkAMkSI amIra joItA hoya te ekalA malabAramAM AkhA hiMdustAnane pUrA paDe teTalA che, te loke ApaNe mATe te bhArarUpa che. teo dezanI saMpatti nAhakanA ohiyAM karI jAya che. eTale hiMdustAnamAM te ApaNe jamInane chUTA chUTA kheDUtemAM ja vaheMcI devI joIe, jethI teo kadI ApaNI sAme thavA bhegA thaI ja na zake. ApaNe moTA jamInadAro UbhA karavAnI rIta svIkArIzuM, te sarakArI mahesUla, pratiSThA ane sattA vaDe baLavAna banelA ApaNA ja virodhIo ApaNe hAthe karIne UbhA karIzuM. jamInamahesUla bArebAra kheDUta pAsethI ugharAvavAmAM eka moTo phAyado e thaze ke, ApaNe prajAnA moTA bhAga sAthe sIdhA saMbaMdhamAM rahI zakIzuM, dezanI mAhitI meLavavAnuM sIdhuM sAdhana ApaNA hAthamAM raheze, ane te rIte dezanI dhanasaMpatti kyAMthI kevI rIte laI zakAya tema che, tenuM cakkasa jJAna ApaNane maLI zakaze. | 'eka vastu haMmezAM yAda rAkhavI ke ApaNe mukhya muddo hiMdustAna upara rAjya karavAnuM che. sArI rIte rAjya karavuM e muddo gauNa che." khare ja ! iMglaMDamAM moTA jamInadAre joIe... jamInanuM moTuM mahesUla tevAM meTAM kuTuMbanA piSaNa mATe javuM joIe - jethI te kuTuMbamAM meTA meTA rAjanItijJa, aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM tattva ane rAjyanI sevA tathA rakSaNa mATe prANa ApanAra vIra puruSe pedA thAya, paNa hiMdustAnamAM te, svataMtratA, svAbhimAna, UMDA vicAra ane lAgaNIo -ke je badhuM vipula dhanasaMpattithI pedA thAya che, te badhuM karI nAkhavuM joI e ! ApaNe hiMdustAnamAMthI saradAre, senApatio, rAjanIti ke dhArAzAstrIo nathI joItA; ApaNe te majUrI karanArA kheDUte ja joIe che. ' sAce ja ! hiMdustAnamAM bhANase vasatAM hoya, te paNa te aMgrejothI ghaNI ja judI jAtanAM hovAM joIe ! A ja siddhAMte eka pachI eka ema dareka vAIsaroya, dareka gavarnara, dareka hekaTanaMTa gavarnara ane dareka cIpha kamiznara bhAnatA AvyA che ane amalamAM mUkatA AvyA che. 1807mAM lakhAyelA A phakarA AgaLa pArlameMTanA mIThA mIThA ke DAhyA DAghA TharAvo paNa kacarApeTInA kAgaLa jeTalI kiMmatanA thaI gayA che. paraMtu te jamAnAmAM paNa keTalAka udAra hRdayavALA aMgrejo mojUda hatA, jemaNe uparanA siddhAMtanI duSTatA ane adUradarzitA saceTa zabdomAM dekhADI ApI hatI. sara kaeNmasa manaroe bhArapUrvaka jaNAvyuM hatuM : keTalAya buddhizALI mANasane moTethI huM sAMbhaLuM chuM ke hadIone badhA mukhya hoddAomAMthI bAtala rAkhI, mAtra aMgreja amaladAre vaDe ja badhuM kAma calAvavuM joIe. paraMtu bhArI khAtarI che ke, e dizAmAM bharAtuM dareka pagaluM te dezane konA cAritrya ane guNasaMpatti upara kharAbamAM

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! kharAba asara karaze. uparAMta aparicita aMgrejo mAraphate hiMdustAnanuM rAjya calAvavA jatAM te bilakula reDhiyALa thaI jaze. " hiMdustAnanA leAkA kudaratI buddhizaktimAM ApaNAthI jarAya UtaratA nathI. uparAMta, temanI pasaMdagI karADA mANasanI AkhI prajAmAMthI karavAnI hovAthI uttamamAM uttama mANasanI pasaMdagI karavA mATenuM kSetra paNa ahu vistRta che. jyAre, aMketenI bAbatamAM ApaNane hiMdustAna AvavA pasaMdagI taiyAra thayelA kheAbA jeTalA mANasAmAMthI ja karavAnI hAvAthI, yeAgyamAM yeAgya mANasa pasaMda karavAnuM saheluM hatuM nathI. " ekAda hiMdI amaladAra kAMI bhUla kare te uparathI kAI paNa dezAne nokarImAM na rAkhavA evI dalIla karavI ceogya nathI. kAraNake,kharI rIte ApaNe temanA karatAM paNa vadhAre bhUlo karatA hAI e chIe. paraMtu ApaNI bhUle ApaNe dabAvI rAkhIe chIe, jyAre kAI hiMdI bhUla kare tyAre tarata tene jAhera karI te mANasane nAkarImAMthI baratarapha karIe chIe. kAraNake, tenI jagAe tenA karatAM khInne vadhu sArA mANasa dezamAMthI tarata ja maLI zake tema hoya che. paraMtu jyAre kAI aMgreja bhUla kare che, tyAre tene aratarapha karIne vadhu sAre| aMgreja meLavavAnuM zakaya ja hAtuM nathI, tethI ApaNe tenI bhUla dabAvI rAkhIe chIe. kAraNake, aMte te te aMgrejane A nahi te khIjI kAI paNa gAe tAkarI ApavAnI ja hoya che. aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM 29 "keTalAka evI dalIla paNa kare che ke, dezI amaladAre lAMciyA heAya che. paraMtu huM pUchuM chuM ke duniyAmAM eka paNa evI kaI prajA che ke jyAM nAnA nAnA sarakArI amaladArAmAM kAI paNa prakAranA saDeA vyApekSA na heAya ? vaLI, mAtra A ja kAraNe, ApaNe temane badale meTAmeTA pagAranA yuropiyanA rAkhavA jaIzuM, te te akhatarA vadhu kharacALa nIvaDaze eTaluM ja niha paNa te saDe te pAche| kAyama ja raheze; kAraNake sarakAra eTale dUra sudhI aMgrejo upara paNa pUratA kAbU rAkhI zakavAnI nathI. vaLI, kAI dezI amaladAranA julama sAme te| prajA kAI vAra ama uThAvI virodha paNa karI zake; paNa yurepiyana amaladAra sAme te kadI tema karI zakavAnI ja nahi; eTale tee UlaTA vadhu nira'kuza banaze. Ama chevaTe jo saDA rahevAnA ja hAya, to pachI te dezI amaladAre ne hAthe cAle te ja vadhu sAruM che. kAraNake, eka vAra yuropiyana amaladArAnI pramANikatA kenyAyavRtti uparathI AnI zraddhA UDI gaI, ke pachI ApaNuM uttama cAritrya ke je ApaNI sattAnA eka meTAmAM meATA AdhAra che, te tUTI paDaze, " eTale, dezI amaladArAmAMthI tevA saDA dUra karavA mATe, bIjI prajAe peAtAne tyAM je upAyeA haMmezAM le che, te ja levA joI e. ane te e ke, temanA pratye mAnanI lAgaNIthI vatA, temanA upara vizvAsa mUkeA. temanA hAddAonI pratiSThAne vadhumAM vadhu vadhArI mUkeA, tathA temane temanA vadhelA mebhAne yeAgya meTAmeTA pagAre ApI, kSudra lAlaceAthI surakSita banAve,'

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30 AbAda hiMdustAna! eka bAju, ApaNe uttama zaktivALA dezIone rAjakArabhAranI ekeeka agatyanI temaja pratiSThA ane moTA meTA lAbhavALI nokarIomAMthI bAtala rAkhIne, karoDonI vastIvALA A dezamAM, eka seTI mAravAnI zikSA karavA jeTalI sattA paNa yuropiyana sivAya bIjA koI pAse rahevA detA nathI; ane bIjI bAju, jarA paNa acakAyA vinA aMgreja sarakAra prajAnI mAbApa che' evI vAto karIe chIe. kharI rIte ApaNe eka AkhI prajAne adhogatie pahoMcADavAnI zikSA karIe chIe. tene badale pachI tene bIjA game tevA lAbha ApIne paNa vALI nahi zakAya, ItihAsamAM kaI paNa prajAne AvI zaramabharelI zikSA karavAmAM AvI hoya evo eka paNa dAkhalo nahi maLI aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM 31 vaDe uttamottama zaktio khIlavIne paNa jo temane upayoga dezasevA, samAjasevA ke dezanA rAjakArabhAramAM judI judI jagAe thavAne na hoya, te pachI temane khIlavavAnI lokone zI jarUra ? bIjA dezamAM lekene jJAna prApta karavAnAM ke pitAnI vividha zaktio khIlavavAnAM je protsAhana hoya che, te badhAM je ApaNe hiMdustAnanA loko pAsethI khUMcavI laI e, te pachI hiMdIo vijJAnanI prApti mATe utsukatAthI prayatna kare, ema kadI bane kharuM? tethI UlaTuM je vastuthI kAMI paNa tAtkAlika phAyado thate temane dekhAze, te vastu mATe ja teo svAbhAvika rIte prayatna karavAnA ane hiMdustAnamAM temane mATe sarakArI kArakuna ke gumA thavA sivAya bIjuM eka paNa dvAra ApaNe khulluM na rAkhIe to svAbhAvika rIte teo te kAma karavAne lAyaka thavA mATe ja vadhu prayatna karavAnA. Ama eka mahAna prajAmAMthI ucca jJAna ke saMskAro prApta karavA mATenI badhI ja preraNAne nAza karI, tene mATe kArakuna ane gumAstAo banavA jeTalo ja puruSArtha ke Adarza rahevA daI, tenuM sarva nAza karavA ja ApaNe taiyAra nathI thayA ? "IMglaMDamAM ja AvatI kAle eka paradezI rAjya thavA de, tyAMnA lekene rAjakArabhAramAM jarA paNa hise na Ape, temane badhA prakAranI pratiSThA, gaMbhIra javAbadArI ane moTA pagAranA sarva hoddAomAMthI bAtala karI, temanAmAMthI tevI ucca zaktio, guNa ane Adarzo khIlavavAnI preraNAne nAza karo ane kaI paNa prakAranA zaka. ApaNe jyAre tyAre dezIone sudhAravAnI moTI moTI vAta karIe chIe ane pagalAM te bilakula UMdhAM ja laI e chIe. tamAre dezIomAM vizvAsa mUkavo nathI, temane jarA paNa sattA ApavI nathI, temane jemAM uttama zaktionI jarUra paDe athavA temanI khilavaNI thAya tevI dareka nokarImAMthI bAtala rAkhavA che; ane pachI nizALA ane koleja sthApI, temane keLavaNI ApI sudhAravAnI vAta karavI che. AkhI duniyAmAM koI e ApaNu jevuM AMdhaLApaNuM batAvyuM nahi hoya. huM e pUchuM chuM ke, koI paNa dezamAM leke jJAna meLavavAno prayatna zA IrAdAthI kare che ? - sivAya ke tene pariNAme temane kIrti, pratiSThA, sattA ane saMpatti maLavAnAM hoya ? keLavaNI For Private & Personal use only

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! kAma mATe temanAmAM thoDAka paNa vizvAsa mUkavA mATe temane ayeAgya TharAvI de| ~~~ tA pachI iMgleMDane tenuM tamAma sAhitya ane bhautika ke pAramArthika vijJAna paNa ~ eka ja peDhImAM, namAlI, nirvIya, luccI ane apramANika prajAnA deza anI jatAM nahiM aTakAvI zake.'' tevA ja eka dUradarzI aMgreja bizapa hAre 1826mAM lakhI jaNAvyuM che, " je divasathI mAMDIne huM baMgALamAMthI bahAra nIkaLyA chuM, tyArathI eka ja vastu mArA mana upara vadhAre ne vadhAre asara karatI gaI che. ane te e ke, atyAre je hisAbe ApaNe kheDUtA pAsethI mahesUla paDAvI laI e chIe, te hisAbe kAI paNa kheDUta kAI divasa jarA paNa samRddha thaI zake niha. jamInanI pedAzanA ardhAM karatAM paNa vadhAre bhAga sarakAra mahesUla tarIke laI le che. ene kAraNe hiMdI kheDUta taddana akRtrima evI sastAmAM sastI rIte khetI karatA hAvA chatAM, tathA tenA jIvanavyavahAranI Teve! paNa bahu ja karakasaravALI heAvA chatAM, tenI pAse sarakAranA vere| bharyAM bAda potAnA peTa pUratuM paNa bAkI rahetuM nathI. AnuM pariNAma e Ave che ke, kheDUta khetI ke bIjI kAI paNa bAbatamAM jarAya sudhArA ke pragati karI zakatA nathI. sArAmAM sArAM varSomAM paNa tene bhayaMkara kaMgAliyata ane bhUkhamarAmAM divase| kADhavA paDe che. eTale, pAka thADA ghaNA paNa niSphaLa jAya che ke tarata gAmanI zerIe ane rastAe saDatAM muDadAMothI UbharAI jAya che. " e rIte jotAM ApaNA karatAM dezI rAjyenI prajA vadhu sukhI che. kAI paNa dezI rAjA peAtAnI prajA pAsethI agrejI rAjyanA mULamAM ApaNA jeTaluM AkaruM mahesUla dharAvatA nathI. aMgreja amaladArA pote ja khAnagImAM e vAta kabUla kare che ke, lokA upara hada uparAMtane karanA mejo che, ane dhIme dhIme AkhA deza bhUkhamarAnA paMjAmAM sapaDAtA jAya che. 33 "mArI ce|kkasa khAtarI thaI gaI che ke, sarakAre kheDUto pAsethI ATaluM badhuM mahesUla ugharAvavAnuM baMdha karavuM joI e; je kAMI mahesula udharAvavAmAM Ave che, tene meTA bhAga dezamAM ja vaparAya ane dezamAM ja rahe tevI vyavasthA paNa karavI joI e; tathA ApaNuM rAjya zAzvata temaja sukhI karavA mATe dezI kSeAkeAne rAjakArabhAramAM vadhu hissA ApavA joI e atyAre jema cAle che tema vadhu cAlaze, te mane nathI lAgatuM ke ApaNuM sAmrAjya lAMkhe| vakhata TakI rahe. " kAI paNa dezane ATaluM badhuM meATuM mahesUla paradezIone bharavuM paravaDe nahi. dareka dezamAM dezanuM mahesUla eka yA bIje raste dezanA ja leAkAnA hAthamAM pAchuM javuM joI e.' uparanA lekhakAmAMthI ATalA badhA utArA meM zA mATe ApyA che. eka ja irAdAthI ke rAjanItinA je siddhAMtA sAme uparanA lekhakAe pAtAnA virodha uThAvyA che, te siddhAMte hajI paNa kAyama ja che. kAI paNa aMgreja amaladArane temAM haju paNa sudhArA karavAnI jarUra dekhAtI nathI. pArlameTe 1833mAM je kAyado pasAra karyAM, temAM teA nIcenA mIThA mIThA zabdo vAparyAM che : " amArA rAjyamAM kAI paNa dezIne...tenA dharmane kAraNe,......tenA kuLane kAraNe, ke tenA raMgane kAraNe,...ka'panI 3

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! sarakAranA kAI paNa hAdA, padavI ke tokarI mATe ayogya rAvavAmAM niha Ave." paraMtu, te mujaba anusare che kANu ? 34 jo uparanA zabdo anusAra ja kAma levAmAM AvyuM hAta, te| je mahAna dezanI javAbadArI ApaNA para che, (temaja jene mATe ApaNane kAIka divasa paNa javAba ApavA paDaze ema ApaNe kadI mAnatA nathI ---- kAraNake teveza javAba lenAra atyAre kAI che niha,) te deza hAlanA jevI hIna dazAne pAmyA na hota. mi. rikArDse potAnI jubAnImAM jaNAvyuM che " hunnara ane kArIgarInI keTalIya zAkhAemAM hiMduvAsIe)nI kuzaLatAne haju kAI ja pahAMcI zakyuM nathI. masalIna, zAla, jarI bhareluM rezamI kApaDa, rUmAla, sonA cAMdI ane hAthIdAMta uparanI temanI kArIgarI -- e badhAnI ApaNA kArIgare| kadI kharekharI karI zakavAnA nathI. temanuM sthApatya paNa ApaNAthI UMcI kADhInuM che. keTalAMka AMdhakAmeAmAM temaNe padhdharanAM meDhAM meTAM gaciyAM ane pATaDA UMce caDAvavAnI ane khaseDavAnI je zakti batAvI che, tevI zakti kAI yuropiyana kArIgare kadI batAvI hAya tevuM jANamAM nathI. khetInI kaLA paNa pUrvamAM ja zodhAI hatI, ane tyAM ja pahelavahelI sa'pUrNatAe paheAMcI hatI. yurApe te bAbatamAM potAnuM zikSaNu tyAMthI ja meLavyuM che, " paraMtu te jUnA samayanI vArtA che. temanI atyAranI garIbAI ane gulAmInI dazAmAM te potAnAM kaLAkauzalyamAM jarA paNa sudhArA karI zake tevI AzA rAkhavI phogaTa che...temanI garIbAI temane evA prakAranI satata agrejI rAjyanA mULamAM 35 adhAgitamAM rAkhe che ke, jemAM temanA naitika guNA ke temanI bhautika sthitimAM kAI paNa prakAranA sudhArA thAya e vastu asavita che, khetInI kula pedAzamAMthI jyAM ardhIa bhAga mahela tarIke laI levAmAM AvatA hAya, ane amaladArAnuM meTuM lazkara te mahesUla nirakuzapaNe pUrepUrI kaDakAIthI ugharAvatuM hoya, tyAM kAI paNa prajA kevI rIte jIvI zake, pragati sAdhI zake ke anna dezo sAthe vepAra kheDI samRddha banI zake? ApaNe jamInamahela huMmezAM hrada uparAMtanuM udharAvIe chIe, eTaluM ja nahi paNa keTalAka dAkhalAemAM teA jamInanI kula pedAza karatAM paNa mahesUla vadhAre laI e chIe. eve sthaLe jamInanI vecANukiMmata ja bilakula heAtI nathI. " AvuM nyAyakhAtuM, AvuM polIsakhAtuM ane AvuM mahesUlakhAtuM tyAM peAtAnuM vinAzaka kAma kaDaka rIte karyA ja karatuM hAya, tyAM dezanI prajA dhanavAna, saMpattimAna ke vepAraudyogamAM pragatimAna na ja thaI zake. AvAM atyAcArI niyaMtraNA dUra karavAmAM Ave, tA hajI paNa hiMdustAnanA leAkeA vepAraudyogamAM duniyAnI bIjI kAI prajA jeTalI ja kuzaLatA tathA UMDA anubhava atAvI zake tema che, ' paraMtu te daramyAna AkhA jagatanI sikala pheravI nAkhanAra varALayaMtra ane saMcA astitvamAM AvI gayAM hatAM. iMgleMDane have peAtAnA mAla mATe bahAranA dezamAM bajArA ughADavAnI AvazyakatA prApta thaI hatI. hiMdustAna je te mAlanuM gharAka ane, teA iMgleMDane eka meTuM, cokkasa ane sthAyI bajAra maLI jAya. eTale vadhu vicAra karavAnI

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AbAda hiMdustAna! jarUra rahI ja nahi. hiMdustAnane mAla taiyAra karanAra deza bhaTADI, mAla kharIdanAra banAvo ja joIe. ane e pramANe, jene ApaNe hiMdustAnanA rAjakArabhAranA trIja siddhAMta tarIke oLakhAvyA che, tenA amalano samaya AvI pahoMce. I. sa. 1833 thI 1901 sIdI gulAmane mukta karavAnI laDatamAM bhAga levAne kAraNe dareka aMgrejanA hRdayamAM udbhavelI AtmasaMtoSanI lAgaNIne AnaMda haju marI gayo na hato te vakhate, eTale ke 1833nI sAlamAM, IsTa inDiyA kaMpanInI sanaMda pharI cAlu karI ApavAno TharAva pArlameMTane karavAne AvyuM. eTale upara jaNAvelI lAgaNIonI cheDI chApa te vakhatanAM pArlameMTanAM bhASaNomAM paDelI dekhAya che. tenI sauthI chellI hada meMkelenA zabdomAM AvelI che. te jaNAve che : hiMdustAnanI sarakAra prajAnA hita mATe ciMtAtura hRdaye sadaiva tatpara rahelI che. te je kAMI bhUlo kare che, temAM paNa te tenA hAthamAM saMpAyelI te mahAna prajA pratyenA vAtsalyanI lAgaNI ja joI zakuM chuM." ATaluM basu na hatuM. te sacoTa dAkhalAo ane bhASAnA javalaMta prayoga sahita, hiMdustAnane igleMDa pAsethI zuM zuM maLavuM joIe te paNa batAvate jAya che : " ApaNe vastusthitinuM game teTalI svArthI daSTie nirUpaNa karavA mAgIe, te paNuM eTaluM te nakakI ja che ke, aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM hiMdustAnanA lake ApaNuM parAdhIna gulAmo rahe tenA karatAM ApaNAthI svataMtra thaI sArI rAjyavyavasthA heThaLa pitAnuM jIvana gALe, e vadhu sAruM che. tenA upara bhale temanA dezI rAjAo rAjya kare, paNa teo ApaNA dezanAM banAvelAM kapaDAM vApare, tathA ApaNAM charIcappathI potAnuM kAma kare, e vadhu IcchavA joga che, nahi ke teo aMgreja maeNjisTreTane ane kalekaTarane namInamIne salAma bharyA kare ane ApaNe mAla kharIda ja na karI zake tevA garIba rahe. sudharelA mANasa sAthe vepAra karavo, e jaMgalIo upara rAjya karavA karatAM vadhu phAyadAkAraka che. . . . je leke hiMdustAnanA karoDo loke ApaNuM gulAmo rahe eTalA mATe temane ApaNA mAlanAM gharAka thatAM aTakAve che, temanI akkalane dhanyavAda ja ghaTe che : barniyara kahe che ke, pahelAMnA samayamAM hiMdustAnanA keTalAka pUra rAjAo potAnI prajAmAMnA koI zaktizALI ke svataMtramijAjI mANasane temane Dara lAge paNa tene mArI nAkhavAnuM zakya na hoya tyAre, tene aphINanI eka pustA nAmanI banAvaTa roja pAtA. tenAthI thoDA ja mahinAmAM te kamabhAgI mANasanI badhI ja mAnasika temaja zArIrika zakitao nAza pAmI jatI. . . . paraMtu Izvare ApaNuM hAthamAM soMpelI eka AkhI prajAne tAbe rAkhavA, ApaNe e pramANe, pustA ApavAnuM kabUla nahi ja karIe. . . . ApaNI sattA je prajAnA durguNa, ajJAna ane du:kha upara ja TakAvI rAkhavA mAgIe, tathA eka sudharelI prajA kahevAtA hoIne, jamAnAmAMthI rAjAo ane brAhmaNanA For Private & Personale Only www Bielinary

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38 AbAda hiMdustAna! julama heThaLa kacarAtI prajA pratyenA, rAjA tarIkenA ApaNuM badhA dharma upara pANI pheravIne tene ApaNI gulAma rAkhI mUkIe, te pachI te sattAnI kiMmata ja zI che ? temaja je ApaNe manuSya jAtinA keI paNa bhAganA kene ApaNu jeTalI svataMtratA ane sudhAre ApavA na mAgIe, to pachI ApaNI pitAnI svataMtratA ane sudhArAnI paNa zI kiMmata che ? "hiMdustAnanA leke ApaNu tAbedAra rahe mATe temane ApaNe ajJAnamAM DUbelA rAkhavI che ? athavA te temanAmAM jJAnane pracAra karIe paraMtu temanAmAM kazI ja mahattvAkAMkSA UbhI na thAya ema ApaNe IcchIe chIe? athavA temanAmAM mahattvAkAMkSA UbhI thavA devI paraMtu tene siddha thavAno eka paNuM mArga udhADA na rahevA de, evo ApaNA irAde che? A praznomAMthI ekane paNa javAba hakAramAM ApavAnI koI hiMmata nahi kare. chatAM ApaNe dezIone badhI ja UMcA darajajAnI nekarIomAMthI bAtala rAkhavA mAgIe, te uparanA praznomAMthI ekAdane paNa javAba hakAramAM Apa ja joIe. huM pote jarA paNa bIte nathI; ApaNI sAme ApaNI pharajane mArga khullo che, ane te ja mArga DahApaNane, ApaNI samRddhine tathA vamAnane paNa che. . . . ema paNa bane ke ApaNuM rAjya heThaLa hiMdustAnanA lokonAM mana eTalAM te vikAsa pAme ke pachI te ApaNA rAjya heThaLa rahevA ja na mAge. ApaNuM uttama rAjya vaDe tyAMnA lokomAM tenAthI paNa vadhAre sAruM aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM 39 rAjya jAte karavAnI zakti utpanna thAya, athavA te yuropanuM jJAna meLavIne bhaviSyamAM tyAMnA jevuM rAjyabaMdhAraNa ane saMsthAe paNa teo bhAge. e divasa kadI Avaze ke nahi te huM jANato nathI. paraMtu te divasa kadI AvatA haze, te huM tene rokavAne ke ulaTAvavAne prayatna jarAya nahi karuM. te divasa game tyAre Ave, paNa te divasa jarUra IgleMDane itihAsane vadhAremAM vadhAre magarUra thavA lAyaka divasa haze." AvA AvA DahApaNuM ane hiMmata bharelA meTA meTA zabdamAM A raste spaSTa lITIomAM AMkI lIdhA bAda, 70 varSa pachI paNa te dizAmAM ApaNe eka paNa DagaluM bharyuM nathI, ane pariNAme hiMdustAnanA lokeA hatA tethI paNa have vadhAre garIba banyA che. A 1900nI sAlamAM ja eka jillAnA mahesUlanA 85 TakA bhAga, kheDUto pite bharI zake tema na hovAthI, temane paisA dhIranAra zAhukAroe ja bArobAra sarakArI tijorImAM bharyo che. tathA IgleMDanA agragaNya vaidakIya patra 'senseTa' muMbaInA eka khabarapatrI mAraphate aMdAja kADhavo che ke, 19mA saikAnA chellA dazakAmAM briTiza hiMdustAnanI prajAnAM 2 karoDa mANase bhUkhathI, ane 10 lAkha mANase plegathI nAza pAmyAM che. paraMtu meMnnenA upalA bhASaNa pachInAM 70 varSo daramyAna ApaNe eTalA te nIce paDI gayA chIe ke, AvI kamakamATI upajAve tevI vigate paNa ApaNane jarAya asara karI zakatI nathI. lAgalagaTa 10 varSa sudhI dara varSe 20 lAkha bhANase bhUkhe TaLavaLatAM marI jAya, topaNa, jyAre te vAta mo mAMthI ja rahevA devA jida ene javAnI ke

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* AbAda hiMdustAna ! eka vaidyakIya chApAmAM pragaTa thAya che tyAre tenA taMtrIne Azcarya ke dilagIrInA eka zabda paNa e bhISaNa ane rAmAMcaka vastusthiti upara lakhavA jarUrI lAgatA nathI. joke, upara jaNAvelI saMkhyAnA 20mA bhAga paNa tenA potAnA dezamAM te kAraNe marI jAya, te meTA baLavA ja jAgI UThe. AkhI duniyAmAM kayAMya jovA na maLe tevAM du:kha ane kleza dezamAM cAre bAju vyApI rahyAM che chatAM hemilTana jevA hiMdI vajIra ane leArDa karjhana jevA vAisaraoNyane te! maikAlenA ja zabdo kAnamAM gUMjyA karatA hAya che ke, " te hiMdustAnanI prajAnA hitane mATe ciMtAtura hRdaye sadaiva tatpara rahelA che, ane... te pratye temanAmAM vAtsalyanI lAgaNI UbharAI jAya che. A badhuM kema bane che? AvI bhayaMkara ane dAruN vastusthiti jovA ane jANavA chatAM paNa ApaNA hRdayamAM kema jarAya lAgaNI thatI nathI ? ma~kAlee je udAra lAgaNIo kahI batAvI hatI, tevI uttama lAgaNIo vaDe have pahelAMnI peThe aMgrejonAM hradaye krama UchaLatAM prazna nathI ? tenuM kAraNa eka ja che, ane tene arniyaranA zabdomAM kahIe te! -- eka vilAyatI pustAe ApaNI adhI naitika temaja mAnasika lAgaNIo ane bhAvanAone baherI karI nAkhI che. bIjI badhI rIte ApaNe saceta chIe. mAtra ApaNI svamAna ane sadAcAranI lAgaNIo jaDa thaI gaI che. khadalAmAM ApaNI badhI hIna vRttie vadhu vegavaMta banI che. te pustA karyuM che? ~ ApaNA mAla aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM khapAvavA paradezamAM bajArAnI jarUra, tathA hiMdIone eka vAra UMcA UMcA heAddAo ApavAnA zarU karIzuM te thoDA ja vakhatamAM temane vadhAre ne vadhAre pramANamAM svarAjya ApyA vinA nahi cAle evI ApaNA hradayamAM UMDe UMDe sadaiva kAyama rahetI bIka, A vastuee ApaNane ATalA lAgaNIhIna ane adhama anAvyA che. tenI AgaLa ApaNI kAI paNa ucca bhAvanA mAruSika lAgaNI TakI zakatI nathI. hiMdustAna ApaNe tAbe rahevuM jeI e ! hiMdustAna ApaNuM grAhaka rahevuM joIe ! e be vastunI ADe Ave tevuM eka paNa pagaluM ApaNe bharavA mAgatA nathI -- pachI bhale tene lIdhe karADAnI vastIvALA AkhA dezamAM bhUkhamarA, kagAliyata ane vinAzanuM sAmrAjya phelAI rahe. ApaNe hiMdustAnane ApaNA sAmrAjyanA eka bhAga gaNavAne badale iMgleMDanI dUjhaNI gAya gaNavAne eTalA TevAI gayA chIe, ke atyAranI cAlu vastusthitimAM saheja paNa pheraphAra karAvanArI ke vidma lAvanArI kAI paNa vastu ApaNuM mana have svIkArI zake tema nathI. 41 ane te kAraNe ja hiMdustAna viSe kazI ja sAcI hakIkata paNa ApaNe jANavA mAgatA nathI. jo kAI tevI kaDavI vAto ApaNI AMkha AgaLa lAvavAnI hiMmata kare che, te ApaNe tene jUThe| ane dezadrohI gaNI kADhIe chIe. ane tema chatAM je kAI vastue ApaNA dhyAna AgaLa AvI ja paDe, to paNa ema ja mAnIe chIe ke kAM te (1) te vAteA ja huThThI che, (2)

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aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM Tale mAge che, tyAre ApaNe patharA ApIe chIe." upara TAMkeluM vAkya, 18 saikA pahelAM Isu khrista pahelI vAra uccAryuM hatuM. atyAra sudhI badhA temAM jaNAvelI vAtane asaMbhavita mAnatA hatA. paNa aMgrejonA rAjyamAM te saMbhavita banyuM che. lokone sAce ja khAvA mATe patharA maLe che. eka briTiza karnala ke je hiMdustAnamAM dukALasaMkaTanivAraNanA kAmamAM rokAyA hatA, teNe jAte joyelI vastu 'TAImsa opha InDiyAmAM nIce pramANe lakhI jaNAvI che. te uparathI vAcakane te viSenI khAtarI thaze. te kahe che ke : "lokone je kAMI thoDe ghaNe loTa ke anAja maLe che, temAM teo amuka jAtanA paththarane ATo meLave che; jethI loTanuM pramANa vadhe - ane peTa jarA vadhu bharAya. A pathara piTamAM javAthI aMdaranA avayavone bhayaMkara nukasAna thAya che, ane kaI kaI vAra to tethI mata paNa nIpaje che." roTalI mAge tyAre patharA maLe che ! mi . tenA kare AbAda hiMdustAna! athavA te te vAta ApaNane game tevI bhayaMkara lAgatI hoya te paNa hiMdustAna vagere pUrvanA dezomAM te te svAbhAvika jevI ja che, eTale te mATe kAMI khAsa phikara karavAnI jarUra nathI, (3) athavA te Izvarane mAnItA aMgreja lokone hAthe je thAya te kadI agya thAya ja nahi. eTale, game tevI vAta kahevAmAM Ave te paNa aMgrejonA rAjayamAM divase divase hiMdustAna sukhI ja thatuM jAya che. | game tema paNa, eka vAta te nakkI ja che ke, hiMdustAna atyAre che tema ApaNI dUjhaNI gAya ja rahevuM joIe. tenA sivAya ApaNane kaI rIte cAle tema nathI. e kAraNe ja ApaNe jarUra paDaye meTAM meTAM vacane. ApIne bIje ja divase temane bezarama thaIne teDI nAkhIe chIe. tene kAraNe ja jyAre hiMdI prajA ApaNI pAse - 1, laDa lITane hiMdI vajIrane mokalelA "Dipeca'mAM lakhyuM che: "1833mAM dezIone sarva prakAranI nokarIomAM kAMI paNa bheda rAkhyA vinA dAkhala karavAno pArlameMTane kAyado pasAra thaye, ke tarata ja ahIMnI temaja tyAMnI sarakAre tene amalamAM muko na paDe te mATe upAyo yojavA mAMDayA. . . . ApaNe kAM to dezIone karImAM dAkhala thavAnI ja manA karavI joI e, ke kAyade karyA chatAM temane chetarIne nokarI na ApavI joI e. ApaNe chelle apramANika raste ja lI. mane ema kahetAM jarAya AMcake nathI lAgatuM ke- iMglaMDanI temaja hiMdustAnanI ema baMne sarakAroe, je vacana mAMhethI uccAryA hatAM, temane hRdayathI bhAgavA mATe temaNe banI zake teTalA upAye lIdhA che evuM ALa temanA upara mUkavAmAM Ave, to teo tene jarAya saMtoSakAraka javAba ApI zake tema nathI.' mATe zarama pariziSTa 1831mAM levAyelI jubAnImAMthI keTalAka utArA jaoNna salIvAna -keIbaturanA kalekaTaranI jubAnI : 4772. jeTalo vizvAsa tame tamArA dezabhAI aMgrejomAM mUke, teTalo ja vizvAsa tame hiMdustAnanA dezAomAM paNa mUkavA taiyAra thaze ? -hA. je temanA pratye teTalI ja uttama rIte vartavAmAM AvatuM hoya te. For Private & Personal use only

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aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM -je teo khare ja tevA hoya, te paNa tenuM kAraNa ApaNI temanI pratyenI vartaNUka ja che. temane ApaNA hita sAthe jarAya saMbaMdha ApaNe rahevA dIdhuM nathI, eTale jyAre jyAre zakya hoya che tyAre teo ApaNA hitanI viruddha ja varte che. 5095. eTale ke tame ema mAne che ke, temane yuropiyananA jevA ja meTA pagAra tathA bhaviSyamAM sArI sArI padavIonI AzA ApavAmAM Ave, te temanAmAMthI e saDe bilakula ocho thaI jAya ? -tema karavAmAM Ave te huM khAtarIthI mAnuM chuM ke, teo lagabhaga yuropiyane jeTalA ja pramANika bane. AbAda hiMdustAna! 4776. je je dAkhalAomAM tame dezIo upara vizvAsa mUkyo che, te te dAkhalAmAM tamane ema nathI mAlUma paDayuM ke dezIoe pitAnI pharaja pramANikatAthI bajAvIne temanA upara mUkelA vizvAsane pUrane badale Ave che ? -hA, ghaNI vAra tema banyuM che. 4777, tame ema nathI mAnatA ke jema jema dezIene vadhu ne vadhu uttejana ApavAmAM Ave, tathA temane dezanA rAjakArabhAramAM vadhu ne vadhu bhAga ApavAmAM Ave, tema tema teo ghaNuM ja sudharatA jaze? -huM khAtarIthI tema mAnuM chuM. 5080. tame ema kahyuM ke, je sarakArI khAtAMmAM jude jude ThekANe dezIone vadhu zekavAmAM Ave te rAjakArabhAranuM kharca ghaNuM ja ochuM thaI jAya, te tame ema kahevA mAge che ke atyAranI hiMdustAnanI sarakAra ghaNI ja kharcALa che ! -hA. vadhumAM vadhu kharcALa che. 5089, tame dezIone vadhAre pramANamAM nokarIo ApavAnuM kahe che, tenI sAthe yuropiyanonI saMkhyAmAM kaMI ghaTADo karavAne IrAde rAkhe che kharA ? -ghaNo ja meTa ghaTADe. 5090. dAkhalA tarIke kaIbaturanA pAMca yuropiyanemAMthI tame keTalAne kADhI nAkhI zakAya ema mAne che ? -cArane. 5094. paraMtu dezIe sAmAnya rIte lAMciyA hoya che te vAta kharI nathI ? mejara janarala, sara ela. mithanI jubAnI : 56 00. hiMdustAnanA dezIonA natika cAritrya viSe tamAro zo abhiprAya che? teo ghaNuM uttama loke che. mAro cokkasa abhiprAya che ke, temane viSe lakhanAra lekhakoe temane ghaNo anyAya karyo che. 56 01. teo phara ane ghAtakI che, e vAta kharI che? -jarAya nahi. mArA ja kenTonameMTamAM 30,000 thI vadhAre mANase sAmAnya rIte rahe che. paNa cAra varSa sudhI teomAM mAtra cAra zArIrika humalA thayA hatA. huM ema nathI mAnatA ke, yuropamAM paNa pitAne tyAM ATalA ceDA pramANamAM gunA batAvI abhimAna laI zake tevA bahu deze hAya. For Private & Personal use only

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47. aMgrejI rAjyanA mULamAM -meM cokhkhA zabdamAM ja kahyuM che ke, keLavaNIne pracAra thatAM teo ApaNane temanA dezamAMthI hAMkI kADhaze. 5641. jo ema bane te pachI hiMdustAna atyAre che tevuM ApaNe mATe upayoganuM na ja rahe, ema tame mAno cho? -haragIja nahi. amerikA svataMtra thayA bAda UlaTuM ApaNe mATe vadhu upayoganuM banyuM che... ApaNA amIra umarAvanA chokarAone pachI tyAM moTI moTI nokarIo na maLe, paNa ApaNuM mAlanA vadhelA vepArathI aMte te ApaNane moTo phAyado thAya ja. AbAda hiMdustAna! pa626. dezI lokone UMcA hoddAo upara levAmAM nathI AvatA tethI temAM ApaNuM sAme asaMtoSanI lAgaNI UbhI thAya che kharI ? -jarUra UbhI thatI hovI joIe. 5627. jema jema ApaNe temanAmAM keLavaNIne pracAra vadhAratA jaIzuM, tema tema te lAgaNI vadhatI nahi jAya? -lokone ghaNo moTo bhAga suzikSita banaze eTale teo ekadama samajI jaze, ke teo parataMtra ane hIna dazAmAM che. eTale tamane hAMkI kADhavAne kAI paNuM upAya temanA hAthamAM Avaze, ke tarata teo tamane tyAMthI hAMkI kADhaze emAM saMzaya nathI. 5628. te temane temanA sAcA baLanuM bhAna thatuM aTakAvavA zuM karavuM joIe? -temane paNa rAjakArabhAramAM sAro bhAga Ape. duniyAnA itihAsamAM e eka paNa dAkhala nahi maLe, jyAM thoDAka mUThIbhara paradezIo cha karoDa lokanA upara rAjya calAvatA hoya. temanAmAM keLavaNIne pracAra thaze eTale ApaNe UbhA karelA dharmadharmAtaranA jhaghaDAo maTI javAnA; ane te jhaghaDA dUra thaI temanAmAM saMpa pedA thayo ke tarata ja temane pitAmAM rahelI mahAna zaktinuM bhAna jarUra thavAnuM. pachI temanA hAthamAM yogya sAdhane AvatAM ja teo ApaNane tyAMthI hAMkI kADhaze. 5640. eTale ke sudhAro phelAtAM ja tyAM ApaNuM rAjya TakI nA zake ema tame mAno cho? dakSiNanA kamiznara mI. ceplInanI jubAnI : para96. tame ema kahyuM ke, jamIna mahesUlamAM moTo ghaTADo karavo e ja kheDUtavarganI sthiti ane cAritrya sudhAravAno uttamamAM uttama upAya che. te uparanA vargonI sthiti ane cAritrya sudhAravAne upAya batAvavAnI maherabAnI karaze ? -temanA dezanA rAjakArabhAramAM temane moTA moTA pagAravALI jagAomAM dAkhala karo. 5301. ApaNuM rAjyathI hiMdustAnanA lokonI sthitimAM kAMI paNa sudhAro thayo che, ema tame mAne che ? -mane evI bIka che ke, ApaNI rAjyapaddhatinuM svarUpa ja evuM che ke, te lokonI sthitimAM saheja paNa sudhAro na karI zake. UlaTuM tene lIdhe ja sudhAre thatuM. aTake che, ema kahevuM joIe. For Private & Personal use only

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vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM dezanI saMpatti aMgrejo pahelAM bIjA paNa keTalAya tAtaMra, megala, musalamAna vagere paradezI lokonAM dhADAM hiMdustAna upara caDI AvyAM hatAM. paNa thoDAka apavAda bAda karatAM te badhA pachIthI hiMdustAnamAM ja ghara karIne rahelA hovAthI prajA pAsethI lUMTelI badhI dolata chevaTe to dezamAM ja rahetI; tathA amaladAronA pagAra, tathA rAjA ane amIranA vilAsa vagere bhAraphate dezanA lokone ja pAchI maLatI. paraMtu aMgrejonA AvyA bAda te badhI dhanasaMpatti dezamAMthI sadAne mATe IMglaMDa ghasaDAI javA lAgI. pariNAme se varSanI aMdara te te eka vArane samRddha deza cusAIne evo te nirdhana banI gayo che ke, tenI garIbAI duniyAnA bIjA keI sudharelA deza sAthe sarakhAvAya tevI rahI nathI. 1900nA dukALa vakhate te keTalAMya saikA pahelAMnA jUnA sikkAo bajAramAM vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM saMkhyAbaMdha AvavA lAgyA ane temAMnA ghaNAkharA laMDanana saMgrahasthAna mATe laI javAmAM AvyA. te uparathI lokezana dhanasaMcayane chevaTano cheDo AvI gayo che te vastu spaSTa siddha thaI zakaze. aMgrejoe hiMdustAnamAMthI ghasaDI javA mAMDelI dhanasaMpattino dhedha keTalo moTo hato, tene aMdAja kADhanArAoma menTagomarI mArTina mukhya sthAna bhogave che. te kahe che dara varSe 450,00,000 rUpiyAne hisAbe, tathA 12 TakAna vyAja dare chellAM trIsa varSamAM aMgrejo hiMdustAnamAMthI 10,85,85,00,000 eTale ke 10 abaja, 85 kareDa rUpiya jeTalI rakama ghasaDI gayA che. ane te divasathI haju eka miniTa paNa te dhodha vaheto aTakyo nathI. UlaTo dara varSe te vadhu ne vadhate ja cAlyo che. 19 mI sadInA chellA dazakAmAM to te dhodha kAbUmAM paNa na rahe tevo maTe thaI gayo che. pariNAme AkhA hiMdustAnanA ardha uparAMtanA kheDUto kadI chUTI na zakAya tevA devAmAM sapaDAI gayA che.' chellAM trIsa varSa daramyAna te dhodha dara varSe ochAmAM ocho 45 karoDane te hato ja. eTale ke, te trIsa varSamAM ja vyAja bAda karatAM paNa 135,00,000,000 eTale ke 13 abaja rUpiyA IgleMDamAM ghasaDI javAmAM AvyA che. pariNAme vAraMvAra paDathA karatA bhayaMkara dukALa 1. muMbaI ilAkAmAM te, maeNkaDenela kamizananA riporTamAM jaNAvyA pramANe, kheDUtone 4 bhAga devAmAM sapaDAyA che. For Private & Personale Only

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AbAda hiMdustAna! eka ja vastu sUcavyA kare che ke, hiMdustAna have bhAre paDavAnI aNI upara AvI gayuM che. 1900 ne 1901 jevAM kharAbamAM kharAba dukALanAM varSamAM paNa anAja te dezanA lokone joIe teTaluM pUratuM pADyuM hatuM; paraM; ke pAse te anAja kharIdI pitAnI jAtane jIvatI rAkhavA mATe, ke pitAnAM kuTuMba, ghara ane mAlamilakata nA pAmatAM aTakAvavAne mATe eka pAI paNa hatI nahi. dezanA moTA bhAgane peTa pUratuM khAvAnuM nathI maLatuM chatAM dezamAMthI dara varSe lAkha Tane anAja pradeza ghasaDI javAmAM Ave che. ethI keTalAka lokonA manamAM eve brama utpanna thAya che ke, hiMdustAnamAM lokone joI e te karatAM vadhAre anAja pAke che eTale te anAjano vepAra karI te dara varSe vadhu tavaMgara thAya che. paraMtu kharI vAta te nathI. sAmAnya nIrogI mANasane, strIne ane bALakane jeTaluM anAja roja khAvA joIe, te hisAbe dezanAM kula strIpuruSa ane bALakone dara varSe keTalA Tana anAja joI e tenI gaNatarI karatAM mAlUma paDe che ke - "hiMdustAnamAM pAkatA anAjamAMthI hiMdustAnanA dareka mANasane peTapUratuM khAvAnuM ApavAmAM Ave, te dezano paNa bhAga varSamAM traNa mahinA ardhI bhUkhyA rahe; ane keTalAya lAkhane te jarA paNa khAvAnuM na maLe. ane chatAM dara varSe hiMdustAnamAMthI DhagalAbaMdha anAja paradeza caDAvavAmAM Ave che. ene artha e thayo ke, upara jaNAvelI saMkhyA karatAM paNa vadhAre meTI saMkhyA vadhAre pramANamAM haMmezAM vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM bhUkhI rahe che." * dezamAMthI anAja paradeza caDe che tenuM kAraNa, dezamAM joIe te karatAM vadhAre anAja che te nathI. paraMtu paradezIe te anAjanA je bhAvo Ape che, te bhAve, dezanA garIba loko pAse peTa pUratuM anAja kharIdavA paisA ja nathI. eTale ke hiMdustAna bamaNo mAra khAya che. paradezIo hiMdustAnane lUMTI lUMTIne vadhu paisAdAra thAya che eTale anAja moMghAmAM meghA bhAve paNa kharIdI zake che. jyAre, hiMdustAna eTaluM garIba banatuM jAya che ke, dezamAM pedA thayeluM anAja kharIdavA jeTalA paNa paisA loke pAse rahyA nathI. anAjane chelle dANa vecIne paNa je paisA kheDUtane hAthamAM Ave che, te sarakAranA bhAre mahesUlamAM, ane paradezI vastuo kharIdavAmAM ghasaDAI jAya che. lokonI garIbAI uparanI hakIkata kharI hoya to eno artha eTalo ja thayo ke, aMgrejI rAjyanAM chellAM so varSane aMte loke * dezamAM sAmAnya rIte dara varase sarerAza 8 karoDa Tana anAja pAke che. temAMthI paradeza ja mAla, bI, bagADa vagerene bhAga bAda karatAM 5 karoDa Tana dezamAM khAvA mATe bAkI rahe che. sarakAranI jelamAM je dharaNe kherAka apAya che, te dhoraNe gaNatAM paNa dezanI vastIne khAvA mATe ochAmAM ochuM 8 karoDa Tana anAja joI e. eTale atyaMta Avazayaka pramANamAM paNa 40 TakA anAjanI dezamAM tUTa rahe che. sukhI leke ane paisAdAra jelane dhoraNe AhArAdi nathI ja karatA, ene khyAla rAkhIe to A sthitimAM anAja paradeza caDavA devuM e vAjabI che ke nahi te samajI zakAze. For Private & Personal use only

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! pAse jiMdagInI jarUriyAte kharIdavA jeTalI paNuM saMpatti rahI nathI. ApaNane tenA purAvA paNa pUratA pramANamAM maLe che. 1880nI sAlamAM sara. vI. hanTare lakhyuM hatuM ke : * cAra karoDa bhANasane dezamAM piTabharIne khAvA maLatuM nathI." 1893mAM gayA jillAnI, migiyarasane bhegI karelI hakIkatene sAra ApatAM " pAyoniyara " patra lakhe che : TUMkAmAM, majUrI karanArA varganA te badhA ja leke, ane kheDUte tathA kArIgaronI vastIne 10 TakA jeTalo bhAga - eTale ke kula vastIne 45 TakA jeTalo bhAga pUratAM kapaDAM ke peTa bharIne anna vinAne rahe che. A pramANe mAtra gayA jillAmAM ja 10 lAkha bhANase jIvananirvAha karavA joItAM sAdhane vinAnA che. have gayA jille te hiMdustAnanA bIjA jillAmAM jeTaluM athavA temanAthI paNu vadhAre phaLadrupa ane samRddha mAnavAne ghaNAM kAraNe che. eTale tene dAkhalo apavAdarUpa te na ja gaNu joIe. te pachI tenA ja hisAbe AkhA dezanI kalpanA karIe, te ema siddha thAya ke aMgrejonA tAbAnA hiMdustAnamAM ja 10 karoDa jeTalA mANase bhayaMkara garIbAImAM rahe che." eTale ke, vIsamI sadInI zarUAta sAthe ja, hiMdustAnanA aMgrejI rAjyanA kaTTara pakSakAra aMgrejI patra " pAyoniyara'nA ja zabdomAM - "10 karoDa leke garIbAInI chevaTanI hade potAnuM AyuSyane bAkInA divase vitAvI rahyA che." vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM 53 chellAM paMdara varSathI caDI gayelA bhAvane kAraNe dezamAM cAlu dukALa ja rahyA karyo che. eTale, Aje 1901nI sAlamAM lokonI kharI garIbAI ane duHkhanuM varNana ja thaI zake tema rahyuM nathI. dezanA udyoge dezanA tamAma udyogane nirdaya rIte kacarI nAkhavAmAM AvyA che. 19mI sadInI zarUAtanAM varSomAM te 'ilaMDanA udyoganA vikAsa mATe hiMdustAnanA udyogane jANI joIne kacarI nAkhavA joIe' e vastusthitine chupAvavAne paNa prayatna karavAmAM AvatuM na hatuM. eka ja udyogane itihAsa ahIM basa thaze. 100 varSa pahelAM hiMdustAnamAM sAganAM evAM sarasa vahANa banatAM, ke IsTa InDiyA kaMpanI paNa pitAnAM vahANo hiMdustAnamAMthI ja kharIdatI. 1800mAM te vakhatanA gavarnara janarale ja lakhyuM hatuM ke : "IMgleMDa mAla laI javA mATe ekalA kalakattAnA baMdaramAM ja paDelAM 10,000 Tana vajananAM vahANe hiMdustAnamAM ja banelAM che." lephaTanaMTa karnala vekare 1811mAM jaNAvyuM che ke, "hiMdustAnanAM sAganAM banelAM vahANa 50 varSa karatAM vadhu pahoMce che, jyAre IMgleMDanAM ekanAM banelAM vahANa bAra bAra varSe badalavAM paDe che. yuropamAM banelu vahANa hiMdustAna sudhInI cha musApharI karyA bAda nakAmuM thaI jAya che; jyAre "sara eDavarDa hyu" nAmanuM hiMdustAnamAM baneluM vahANa 8 vakhata musApharI karI AvyA bAda paNa evI sArI sthitimAM For Private & Personale Only

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54 AbAda hiMdustAna ! hatuM, ke tene naukAsainya mATe kharIda karavAmAM AvyuM. A vastu nIcenA AMkaDA uparathI vadhu spaSTa thaze. dhArA ke iMglaMDamAM banelA vahANunI 100 pAuMDa kiMmata paDe che. 50 varSa sudhImAM tene bAra varSe eka vAra ema cAra vAra badalavuM paDe; eTale kula kharca 400 pAuMDa thAya. jyAre e ja kadanuM 50 varSa sudhI TakanAruM hiMdustAnamAM baneluM vahANu mAtra 75 pAuMDanI kiMmate ja maLe che. eTale ke, te vahANa vAparIe te 50 varSe 325 pAuMDa kAyadA thAya." Ama hovA chatAM Telare potAnA itihAsamAM lakhyuM che tema, " ka'panIe hiMdustAnamAM banelAM vahANA vAparavA mAMDyAM eTale laMDananA vahANo banAvanArA leAkeAe sakhata khUba uThAvI. teoe cAkhkhokhkhuM jaNAvI dIdhuM ke temanA dhaMdhA have lagabhaga paDI bhAgavA AvyA che, ane temanAM badhAM kuTuMbe bhUkhamarAnI aNI upara AvyAM che." eTale tarata aMgrejoe sArAM ane saratAM hovA chatAM hiMdustAnanAM vahANeA kharIdavAnuM baMdha karyuM pariNAme hiMdustAnanAM baMdarAmAM hiMdI vahANAnI saMkhyA ghaTatI cAlI, ane aMgrejI vahANonI saMkhyA nIce pramANe vadhatI cAlI : I. sa. 1857 vahANA Tana heMdI ( dAkhala thayAM ane sApha karyAM') 34,286 1,219,958 aMgrejI (,,) 59,441 2,475,472 I. sa. 1898-99 heMdI aMgrejI (,,) (,,) 2,302 7,384 133,033 8,982,613 vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM eTale ke, 1857mAM hiMdI vahANAnuM je kula vajana paradezI vahANAthI lagabhaga adhaUardhuM hatuM, te 1898mAM ghaTIne 70mA bhAga jeTaluM thaI gayuM bIjA hiMdI udyoga mATe paNa eka ja vAta kahevAnI che ane te e ke, iMgleMDanA udyogone mATe ane iMgleMDanA kArIgarAnA lAbhane mATe hiMdustAnanA udyogA jANIbUjIne kacarI nAkhavAmAM AvyA hatA. have pachI je hakIkate! huM rajU karavAno chuM, te badhI najara AgaLa hAvA chatAM, meTA meTA javAbadAra agrejo jarA paNa zaramAyA vinA evuM khelavAnI hiMmata karI zake che ke, " aMgrejo hiMdustAnamAM hiMdIonA bhalAne mATe ja che." sTiDiyA kaMpanInA DirekTara mi. Takara kahe cheH " peAtAnI prajAnA hita mATe ATalI badhI utsukatA bIjI kAI sarakAre batAvI nahi hoya, e bAbatanI saMpUrNa sAkSI huM sataSa ane abhimAna sAthe pUravA taiyAra chuM." ATaluM melyA bAda tarata ja te je vastu kahe che, te jANyA bAda te mANasa uparanI vAta UMghamAM mehyA hatA ke potAnA zrotAone UMdhelA jANIne khAvyeA hatA, te ja samajAtuM nathI : " hiMdustAnanuM rezamI temaja mizra kApaDa lAMbA vakhatathI ApaNe ApaNAM bajArAmAMthI kAyado karIne AvatuM 5 gata mahAyuddha pahelAMnAM daza varasamAM duniyAmAM 17000 navAM vahANA badhAyAM. temAM hiMdanA phALA 22 jeTalaiA hatA. nAnAM vahANA paraderAthI lAvavAM mAMdhAM paDe che, te ja phakta hiM'mAM baMdhAya che, ane temanA ja uparanA 22mAM samAveza thAya che. #

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vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM pa7 jarA paNa jakAta bharyA vinA dAkhala karIe chIe. hiMdIe paNa IMglaMDa, rkoTaleMDa, ke AyaleMDanA lokonI peThe ja aMgrejI rAjyanI prajA che, te pachI pitAnI ja prajAne eka bhAgane bilakula kacarI nAkho ane bIjA bhAga pratye AvaDo moTo pakSapAta batAvavo emAM nyAya kakyAM rahyo che, e ja huM samajI zakato nathI. AbAda hiMdustAna! aTakAvyuM che. chevaTanAM varSomAM te hiMdustAnanA sutarAu mAla upara nAkhelI 67 TakA jeTalI jakAtane pariNAme.. ApaNA dezamAMthI tenuM nAmanizAna paNa nIkaLI gayuM che. eTaluM ja nahi paNa ApaNAM varALamaMtra ane saMcAne kAraNe te dezamAM vaparAtA kApaDane mATe bhAga UlaTA ApaNe pUrA pADIe chIe." mi. rikArDajha jaNAve che: "hiMdustAnathI AvatA keTalAka bhAla uparanI jakAte. atyaMta bhAre che, ane te nAkhavAmAM bajArabhAva tarapha paNa jarAya najara rAkhavAmAM AvI nathI. jakAta senA mAla upara agara 70 thI 280 TakA popara 266 thI 400 TakA hIMga 236 thI 622 TakA khAMDa 94 thI 393 TakA ilAyacI 150 thI 26 6 TakA cA 6 thI 100 TakA kophI 105 thI 373 TakA "Ama, hiMdustAnathI AvatA mAla upara ApaNe ATalI bhAre jakAte nAkhIe chIe; jyAre ApaNe mAla hiMdustAnamAM 1813mAM hiMdustAnanA sutarAu mAla upara IgleMDamAM nAkhelI jakAta jovA jevI che : se pAuMDanA mAla upara jakAta pA. zi. pe. bharelA ke gUMthelA sapheda (keliko upara)kApaDa 32 9 2) uparAMta vadhArAnI jakAta 11 17 6 sAdA ke vaNelI bhAtavALA sapheda kApaDa upara 81 2 11) uparAMta vadhArAnI jakAta 3 19 2) rU (kAcA mAla upara) (100 ratala vajana upara) 0 16 11 (paNa) rUnA pAkA mAla upara 81 2 11 rogAnavALo mAla 81 2 11. sAdaDI ane zetaraMjIe variyALInuM tela nALiyeranuM tela cA (kula jakAta) 84 6 3 1. hiMdamAM dara varSe vadhatI gayelI videzI kApaDanI AyAta: 8i01 - 21 hajAra pAuDa 1874-17784 hajAra pAuMDa 4812-108 , , 1884 - 2510 i che :827 - 296 , 1894 - 32360 , , 1849 - 190+ , eTale ke, eka sadImAM doDha lAkha TakAne vadhAro! 1. " lake" nAma yAlikaTa baMdara uparathI paDayuM che. For Private & Personal use only

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AbAda hiMdustAna! jyAre A badhA mAlane hiMdustAnane vepAra bilakula paDI bhAge, tyAre ja tene uparane jakAtane A bhAre be dUra karavAmAM AvyA. pariNAme AkhI duniyA jyAre jorathI cAlatA udyogadhaMdhA ane kArakhAnAMthI gAjI rahI che, tyAre eka vAra AkhI duniyAne pitAnA udyogahunnarathI bhAta karanAra hiMdustAna mAtra potAnAM bhUkhe maratAM saMtAnonI karuNu cIsathI ja chavAI rahyo che. ane hiMdustAna eTale duniyAnI kula vastInA 2 bhAganI vastIvALA deza. sarakArI nokarIo so varSa pahelAM hiMdustAnanA dezI rAjAonA seMkaDo darabAramAM dezanA keTalAya zaktizALI lokone pratiSThA, me, lAgavaga ane samRddhi ApanArI nokarI maLatI, tathA e rIte dezanA hajAro lokonI vividha zaktione yogya kSetra maLI rahetuM. mereDItha TAunasenDa lakhe che : " atyAranA sAdhAraNa aMgrejane to e vAta samajAvavI ja muzkela che ke, teoe hiMdustAnamAM paga mUkyo te pahelAM te dezanA lokonuM jIvana kevuM AnaMdapUrNa hatuM. vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM koI paNa sAhasika ke mahattvAkAMkSI mANasane potAnI zaktio vaDe koI paNa prakAranI unnati prApta karavAnuM te vakhate zakya hatuM. tevA mANasane pitAnuM sAmarthya vAparI batAvavA mATe Akho deza khullo hato. . . zivAjI jevo bahAravaTiyo meTa samrATa thaI zakata; gAyakavADa je bharavADa vaDodarAnI rAjagAdI laI zakata; rAjAne sAmAnya hajUriya siMdhiyAne rAjavaMza sthApI zakata; eka nAnI palaTaNane sUbedAra maisura jevA moTA rAjyane svataMtra rAjA banI zakata; pahele nijhAma bAdazAhane eka amaladAra ja hatA. TUMkAmAM hajAro loko svataMtra rAjA banI zakatA ke temanA pratispardhI thaI zakatA. ghaNu mANase navA UbhA thatA rAjAne madada karI, meTA meTA jAgIradAra banI zakatA. emAMne dareka, yuropamAM have koIne na maLI zake tevI - bhAravAnI ke jivADavAnI, amIra banAvavAnI ke bhikhArI banAvavAnI, sArAmAM sAruM kAma karavAnI ke kharAbamAM kharAba kAma karavAnI - TUMkAmAM koI paNa jAtanA kAyadAthI para thaIne marajImAM Ave te kAma karavAnI adbhuta sattA mANavAne zaktimAna thatuM. . . . lokonuM jIvana abhuta parAkrama ane vividha parivartanathI rasayukta hatuM. keI paNa sAhasika mANasa eka nAnakaDI ToLo UbhI karI. kAMIka bahAdurIbharyuM kAma karI batAvI, rAjyane vaDe jAgIradAra banavAnI taka meLavI zakate. kaI paNa mahattvAkAMkSI mANasa potAnI zakti, kaLA ke hunnara vaDe kAI mahAna mANasane prasanna karI, eka ja kUdake mAna, pratiSThA ane samRddhi prApta karI zakata. . . . rAjya mATe 1. AthI sthiti kevI thaI gaI? aMgrejI rAjya pahelAM hiMdustAna pAko mAla paradeza mokalatuM, tene badale kAco mAla paradeza mokalatuM thayuM ane paradezathI pAkA mAlanI AyAta vadhI. have nikAsa vepAramAM 74 TakA kAco mAla paradeza caDe che, tyAre AyAta vepAramAM 75 TakA pAka mAla paradezathI Ave che. (1934-35). For Private & Personal use only

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dhI jai zakatI cAlu sthi paNa potAnI seksa karAvavAne badhuM ja ApaNe AbAda hiMdustAna ! kAMI paNa karanAra, bhale pachI teNe mAtra eka taLAva dAvyuM hoya, ke maMdira baMdhAvyuM hoya, ke aNIne vakhate lazkarane sAdhanasAmagrI pUrI pADI hoya, ke rAjAne nANAM dhIyAM hoya - te eke sapATe rAjyane pratiSThitamAM pratiSThita mANasa thaI zakate, te kAyadAnI beDImAMthI lagabhaga mukta ja banI, jatA; temaja cAlu sthitimAM paNa potAnI marajI pramANe koI paNa pheraphAra karAvavAne zaktimAna banate. paNa ApaNe hiMdustAnamAM dAkhala thatAM veMta ja A badhuM haMmezane mATe nAmazeSa karI nAkhyuM che. ane tenA badalAmAM temane ApaNe zuM ApyuM che ? ApaNA rAjyamAM dhAro ke koIne mATI padavI maLe, te paNa tethI zuM? tene pitAnI marajI mujaba karavAnI jarA paNa sattA hoya che ? koI zatrune kacaDI nAkhavAne ke kaI mitrane madada karavAne jarA paNa haka che? are, ApaNe moTAmAM meTo amaladAra vAIsareya te pote ja adAlate ApelA cukAdAne jarA paNa badalI zake athavA te keI anyAyane pitAnI sattAthI sudhArI laI zake ? hiMdIonI najare to enA jevA namAlA mANasane AkhA deza upara rAjya karavAne ja haka na hovo joIe. temanI kalpanAne rAjA te Izvara jevo sarva saktimAna hoya, tevA rAjAne ja bhaktibhIne hRdaye tenA sukhaduHkhamAM, tene nyAya anyAyamAM, game te bhege pitAnI vaphAdArI ane sevA ApavAmAM teo pitAne kRtArtha thayelA mAne. ". . . te vakhate jAnamAla badhuM ja anizcita hatuM, cAre bAjue satata laDAI e cAlyA karatI, dhADa vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM ane humalAone bhaya sadAya najara AgaLa Ubhe ja rahetA. paNa tethI zuM thaI gayuM ? Tekasana leke TeksasanI jaMgalI jiMdagIthI kadI kaMTALe che ? ke amerikAnA speniza bhASA belatA amerikana leke jiMdagInI salAmatI ane zAMti meLavavA kadI aMgrejI bolatA amerikAnA rAjyamAM parataMtra banavAnuM kabUla rAkhe che ? jIvanamAMthI tamAma prakArano rasa, tamAma prakAranI svataMtratA, tamAma prakArane adbhuta parAkrame ane marajI mujaba roja navAM navAM parivartana karavAno AnaMda gumAvI, kaI kabrastAnanI bharelI zAMti meLavavAnuM kabUla karaze ? huM cekasa mAnuM chuM ke te jUne laDAI ene samaya paNa dezanA badhA ja baLavAna lokone saMpUrNa rIte sukhamaye lAgatuM haze. ane atyAre paNa badhA ja zaktizALI manuSya pahelAMnA AnaMda, parAkrama, utsAha, abrutatA, sAmarthya ane parivartananA divase game te bhege paNu pAchA meLavavA jarUra IcchatA haze. cArebAjuthI jIvanane lekhaMDI beDIethI jakaDAyeluM karI mUkanAra ApaNe paradezI rAjya temane jarAya gamatuM nathI." A pramANe pahelAMnA samayamAM kene temanI sarva zaktie kAryamAM mUkavAnI pUrepUrI take cArebAju patharAyelI hatI ane tethI lokone jIvanamAM AnaMda hatuM, utsAha hatA. uparAMta, zakti, kArIgarI ke hunnaravALA koI paNa mANasane tene anurUpa badale tarata ja maLatuM hovAthI, lokemAM te vastuo prApta karavA mATe utsAha ane khaMta hatAM. A rIte dezamAM cArebAju kAryadakSatA, zakti, utsAha ane pariNAme samRddhinuM sAmrAjya phelAyeluM hatuM. zaktimAna nA nyAyAmAM tame ke

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12 AbAda hiMdustAna! dezanI badhI mahesUla dezamAM ja kharacAtI hovAthI prajAne ja bIje divase pAchI maLatI. jo ke vAreghaDIe laDAI e, lUMTaphATa ane dhADa cAlyA karatI; paraMtu temane kAraNe pADAyelAM 10 mANasa dITha bIjAM dazahajAra mANase kazI Dakhala vagara ja potAnuM jIvana samRddhi, zAMti ane AnaMdamAM gALatAM. temane mATe cArebAju samRddha ke pratidita thavAnI asaMkhya take mojUda hatI; eTale thoDA ghaNA anyAya ke duHkhane badale mULa karatAM keTalAya gaNo vaLI rahe. paraMtu aMgrejonuM rAjya thatAM ja temaNe prajA pAsethI mahesUla tarIke vadhAremAM vadhAre paisA paDAvavAnA zarU karyo ane chatAM temAMthI eka pAI paNa dezanA lokone koI paNa rUpe pAchI maLavAne badale te badhA haMmezane mATe paradeza taNAI javA lAgyA. mi. lorensa ke je pachI vAIsareya banyo hato, teNe saMyukta prAMtane Apele dAkhale ahIM TAMkavA jevo che. te uparathI aMgrejoe kheDUto pAsethI kevuM cUsI cUsIne mahesUla ugharAvavA mAMDayuM hatuM, teno spaSTa khyAla vAcakane AvI zakaze : "guragAMva jillAmAM 1877mAM 7 lAkhanI vastI hatI. cheka 1837thI mAMDIne dara varSe tyAMthI lokonuM lehI cusAI jAya tevI rIte mahesUla ugharAvavAmAM AvyuM che. chatAM, 1877mAM tyAMnI mahesUle vaLI vadhAravAmAM AvI. te varSe bilakula varasAda na Avya, pAka pAye nahi, chatAM sarakAre te mahesUle pUrepUruM ugharAvyuM che. pariNAme pAMca varSane aMte mAlUma paDayuM ke, 80,000 mANase ane doDha vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM lAkha Dhora bhUkhamare ane taMgIne kAraNe nAza pAmyAM hatAM. uparAMta sarakAranuM mahesUla bharavA jatAM AkhA jillAne 20 lAkha rUpiyAnuM devuM karavuM paDayuM hatuM." ATaluM cUsI cUsIne ugharAveluM mahesUla paNa je dezamAM ja rahetuM hota, athavA te tenA vaDe dezanA ja lokone tathA dezanA ja vepAraudyogone uttejana maLatuM hota, te kaze ja vAMdho na hato. paraMtu e AkhA saikA daramyAna eka paNa hiMdIne suprIma, presiDasI, prAMtika, kArobArI ke hiMdI vajIranI kAunsilamAM eka paNa beThaka ApavAmAM AvI na hatI. aMgrejonA tAbAnA 15 karoDa mANasamAMthI te jagAone yogya eka paNa hiMdI teTalAM varSomAM utpanna na hate, e vAta na mAnI zakAya tevI che. ane navAInI vAta to e che ke, temanA ja rAjyanI aDoaDa AvelAM dezI rAjyamAM resiDaMTanI asahya bAdhAo hevA chatAM, yuropa amerikAnA moTA moTA rAjanItinI sAthe sarakhAmaNI karI zake tevA keTalAya uttamottama rAjapuruSo utpanna thayA hatA. temAM paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM e che ke, sara salArajaMga, sara mAdhavarAva, sara dinakararAva, sara ke. zeSAdri Ayara jevA bIjA keTalAya hiMdI rAjapuruSo aMgrejonA rAjyamAM te tAbAnA hoddAo upara ja hatA ane cheka sudhI je teo aMgrejonA rAjyamAM ja rahyA hota, te AkhI jiMdagI sudhI paNa nAnA DepyuTI kalekaTara karatAM jarAya UMcI padavIe pahoMcI zakyA na hota, te ja lokone dezI rAjyomAM taka maLatAM, teo vaDA pradhAna sudhInI moTI meTI padavI prApta karI zakyA, eTaluM ja nahi paNa For Private & Personal use only

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u4 AbAda hiMdustAna! temane rAjakArabhAra eTale saphaLa nIvaDa, ke vilAyatanA gorA sAhebe paNa pitAnI sarvoparI sattA vaDe temanA jevAM sArAM pariNAme batAvI zakyA na hatA. sara salArajagane ja dAkhalo le. nijhAmanI sarakAranI mahesUla 1853mAM 64 lAkha rUpiyA hatI; te 1881mAM tenA rAjakArabhAra nIce vadhIne 1 karoDa 86 lAkha thaI eTale ke temAM seMkaDe 26 0 TakAno vadhAro thayo. jyAre te ja varSo daramyAna aMgreje, upara jaNAvela bhISaNu julama karyA chatAM, pitAnI mahesUlamAM mAtra 25 TakA ja vadhAro karI zakyA. uparAMta, dezI rAjyamAM Avo uttama rAjakArabhAra chatAM, tenuM kharca keTaluM badhuM ochuM Ave che, te paNa jovA jevuM che: mahesUla ugharAvavAnuM kharca nijhAmane rAjyamAM aMgrejonA rAjyamAM dezI amaladAro nIce aMgrejI amaladAro nIce seMkaDeH rU. 6-6-3 seMkaDe: rU. 45-14-5% meM jANI joIne aMgrejonA dAkhalAmAM varADa prAMtanI ja gaNatarI ApI che. e varADa prAMta kharI rIte nijhAmanA rAjyane ja eka bhAga che; paNa aMgrejo tene eka vAra pacAvI paDyA che te have pAcho ApatA nathI. e vAta badhA jANe che. chatAM eka ja rAjyanA be bhAgamAM dezI amaladAre nIcenA rAjakArabhAranuM ane aMgrejI amaladAro vIsamI sadInI zarUAtamAM 5 nIcenA rAjakArabhAranuM uparanuM pariNAma vAcakane khAtarI karAvI ApavA basa che. dezane pagAranA pisA uparAMta judI judI uttama zaktionI khilavaNImAM paNa paradezIonA A anyAyane kAraNe keTaluM badhuM nukasAna thAya che te, khuda iMglaMDamAM ane yuropamAM, yogya taka maLatAM parAMjape, bALakarAma, ceTarajI, kAnAbaMdhuo ane bejha vageree karI batAvelA kAma uparathI samajI zakAze. kahevAnI jarUra nathI ke hiMdIone jANI joIne ja dabAvI rAkhavAmAM AvyA na hota, te atyAra Agamaca hiMdustAne kyAranAya bismArka, kevara, glesTana ane DijharAIlInI kakSAmAM Ave tevA uttama rAjanIti ane mahApuruSo duniyAne bheTa ApyA hota. saitika, bauddhika, ane AdhyAtmika dazA mAnavasevAnAM naitika, bauddhika ane AdhyAtmika kSetromAM yuropa ane amerikAnAM jagaprasiddha nAmanI tele Ave evI prakhara zaktivALe eka paNa mANasa hiMdustAne nathI ApyuM. paraMtu tenuM kharuM kAraNa e che ke, hiMdustAnanA lokone temanA dezamAM tevI jAtanA vikAsanI eka paNa taka ApavAmAM nathI AvatI. mi. hekarenA zabdo pramANe te UlaTuM tattvajJa, rAjanIti ane mahApuruSo utpanna thAya evuM je kAMI prajAmAM hoya, tene jANIbUjIne kacarI nAkhavAmAM AvyuM che. mAtra AdhyAtmika kSetramAM hiMdustAna duniyA AgaLa kAMIke rajU karI zake tema che. atyAre cAre dizAmAM suvikhyAta ane manuSya jAtinA uttamottama AdhyAtmika * AkhA dezanI gaNatarIe A kharca seMkaDe rU. 12-8-0 khAve che. iMglaMDamAM mAtra rU. 2-8-0 Ave che.' (1924). Jain Education Internation For Private & Personal use only www Bielinary

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AbAda hiMdustAna! guru tarIke pratiSThA pAmelA rAmamohanarAya, kezavacaMdrasena ke rAmakRSNa paramahaMsa jevAnAM gaNyAMgAthA nAma ApaNe ApI zakIe tema chIe. eka bAju AkhI duniyAnI AdhyAtmikatA bhegI mUkIe, to tenA karatAM paNa sAcI AdhyAtmikatAmAM vadhI jAya tevA temane paNa kaDo mANasanI vastIvALA eka AkhA dezamAM zo hisAba? hiMdustAnane A temaja tevI bIjI koI paNa bAbatamAM pitAnI zreSThatA dekhADI ApavAnI taka ApavAmAM ja AvI nathI. yuropamAM mArTina lyuthara janme te ja vakhate hiMdustAne avinAzInA avatArarUpa dharmavIra gaurAMgaprabhune janma Apyo hato. chellA saikAmAM IglaDe uttama buddhizaktivALA brAuniMga ane raskIna e be puruSa jagatane ApyA ema kahevAya. paNa te badhAne abhaNa ane asaMskArI rAmakRSNa AgaLa aMdhArAmAM phAMphAM mAranArA ja gaNavA joIe. te pachI hiMdustAnanI AvI prakhara AdhyAtmika utkRSTatA paNa duniyAmAM zA kAraNathI prasiddhi nathI pAmatI? ane te rIte duniyAne tene je lAbha maLavo joIe te kema maLato nathI? tenuM kAraNuM hiMdustAnanA lokone khristI banAvavA jatA mizanarIo che. te lokee ja hiMdustAnanA A mahAna AtmAonI yogya prasiddhi thatI aTakAvIne hiMdustAnane ane samagra jagatane akSamya nukasAna hiMdustAnanI saMpattinA kharA mAlika koNa? mane ghaNI vAra pUchavAmAM Ave che ke, tame kaho cho te pramANe jo hiMdustAnanA lake garIba ja thatA jatA hoya te tenA dareka zahera ke baMdaramAM dekhAte ATalo moTo vepAra ane te badhAmAM rokAyelI mAlUma paDatI ATalI moTI mUDa kenI che? Ano javAba nIcenI vigatavAra tapAsamAMthI maLI raheze. te joyA bAda vAcakane mAlUma paDaze ke garIba ane kaMgALa hiMdustAnamAM paNa samRddhinuM je kiraNa dekhAya che, te paradezIonI lUMTano ja eka bhAga che. tema hiMdustAnane kazI levAdevA nathI. 1. khetare. dezanI tamAma jamIna uparanA sarakArane khAsa ke dhyAnamAM rAkhyA bAda sAmAnya rIte ema kahI zakAya ke badhe ja ekanI eka vAta. hiMdustAna garIba kema che ? paradezI rAjyanI lUMTane kAraNe hiMdustAna pachAta kema che? paradezI rAjyanI mUMsarIne kAraNe. For Vive & Personale Only

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u AbAda hiMdustAna ! badhAM khetarA te hiMdustAnanA lokAnAM ja che, paNa tema nIcenA agatyanA apavAdo dhyAnamAM rAkhavA joI e, (1) cAnI meDI meATI jAgIro, (2) kApInA meTA bheTA bagIcAo. (3) zaNa ane gaLAnAM khetarA. A badhAM mukhyatve paradezIenA hAthamAM che ane temAMthI thatA tamAmanA paradezIenAM khissAMmAM ja jAya che. uparAMta e paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che ke, dezanAM tamAma khetaro ane temanI tamAma pedAza paradezI sarakAre paradezIone "prajAkIya 'kahevAtA devA peTe gIravI mUkelAM che. te devAnI rakama jAhera kAmeAne mATe lIdhelI rakama bAda karatAM, lagabhaga eka abaja jeTalI eTale ke hiMdustAnanI 3nA varSanI kula jamInamahesUlanI Avaka jeTalI thAya che. * kAyadA pramANe gIrA rAkhanAra marajImAM Ave tyAre te vastu upara peAtAnA kabajo meLavI zake che; eTale AkhA dezanA kheDUtA, temanAM tamAma khetarA mukhyatve karIne aMgreja leNadArAnI dayA upara ja pAtAne kabaje rAkhI rahyA che. * ekadara sarakArI devAnA mAnuM pramANa nIce mujaba che 1930) : sarakArI devuM = 30 varSoMnuM AkhA derAnuM jamInamahesUla, .. =4 varSanI AkhA dezanI sarakArI mahesUla =7 mAsanI AkhA dezanI kula Avaka. hiMdustAnanI sapattinA kharA mAlika kANuM ? F dezanA zAhukArAne kheDUtAe potAnI jamIna gIrA ApelI hAya che, te te kharI rIte bIjI vAranuM gIre| hAya che, ane te leNadAro paNa jamIna upara keTale) kAnU che te -- (1) paMjAbamAM temane jamInanA kula mAlikA thaI paDatA aTakAvavA je khAsa kAyadA pasAra karavA paDyA, (2) dakSiNanAM hullaDanI tapAsasamiti AgaLa je jubAnIe AvI, (3) tathA 1900 nI sAlamAM surata jillAmAM kula mahesUlanA 85 TakA mahesUla leNudArAe bArAbAra sarakArane bharyuM hatuM -- te vigate uparathI mAlUma paDaze. 2. hAra DhAra te sAmAnya rIte hiMdIonA ja hAthamAM che. ahIM paradezIne Dakhala karavAnI khAsa matalaba jaNAtI nathI. eTale teNe temAM hAtha dhAlyA nathI. chatAM hiMdustAnamAM vastInA pramANamAM DhAra keTalAM ochAM che, te tenA jevA ja khetIpradhAna gaNAtA AsTreliyA dezanA AMkaDA parathI samajAze. 1890 nI sAlamAM vastI deza agALA ane dezI rAjyo sivAyanuM tamAma hiMdustAna 140,000,000 91,000,000 oNsTreliyA 4,00,000 113,000,000 TAra

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70 AbAda hiMdustAna! oNsTreliyAnA hisAbe hiMdustAnamAM Dhera haiya, te 2,628,000,000 jeIe. paNa teTalAM Dhora mATe te dezamAM pUratI gocara jamIna paNa na maLe. e gocara jamInanA saMbaMdhamAM paNa eka vAta kahevAnI rahe che. prAcIna kALathI hiMdustAnamAM, kheDANa jamInane che bhAga gocara jamIna rAkhavI joIe evo niyama cAlato AvyuM che. paNa aMgrejoe hiMdustAnamAM AvyA bAda, Dhora ke manuSya koInI darakAra rAkhyA vinA te jamIna mahesUla vadhAravAnI dAnatathI teDI nAkhI che, muktiphejanA pAdarIone 56 0 ekara jamIna gujarAtamAM joItI hatI. temaNe pitAne anukULa Ave tevI jamIna pasaMda karI. paNa te badhI amuka gAmanI gocara jamIna hatI. sarakAre te tarata te jamIna pAdarIone ApI. paraMtu, te gAmanA tamAma kheDUtoe tenI sAme vAMdho uThAvyo. hiMdustAnanI saMpattinA kharA mAlika keNu? 71 te jamInamAMthI temane gharane mATe baLataNuM ane Dhorane mATe cAra peDhIothI maLyA karatAM hatAM. paraMtu, gAmaDiyAmAM akakala keTalI ? muktiphejavALA temane A duniyAnI kSaNabhaMgura vastuomAMthI chUTI karI, paralakanA zAzvatajIvananA satvara bhAgI karavA mATe AvyA hatA, e vAta teo kyAMthI samajI zake ? 3. jaMgalo AvakanA leje, meTA kharce paNa sarakAre prajA pAsethI A jaMgalo vAparavAno jamAnAothI cAlata Avelo haka khUMcavI lIdhelo che. pariNAme lokone baLataNa tathA Dhorone ghAsa maLatuM baMdha thayuM che. eTale ke senA jevuM khAtara baLataNa tarIke nAchUTake vAparavA lAgyA che. - I. sa. 1898mAM A khAtAmAMthI sarakArane 1 karoDa, rUpiyAnI Avaka thaI hatI. paNa eTalA mATe sAcavaNI ane rakhavALI peTe sarakAre AvakanA eka rUpiyA dITha ATha AnA kharca karyuM hatuM. paraMtu, garIba lokone teTalA mATe khAtara, Dhora, ghAsa, baLataNa ane kaMdamULa peTe keTaluM nukasAna thayuM che, tene khyAla karavAnI paradezI sarakArane zI jarUra ? 4. dhAtuo ane khanija padArtho (a) kela: dara varSe 4,000,000 Tana jeTalo khAdI kADhavAmAM Ave che. temAMne lagabhaga badhA ja bhAga aMgreja kaMpanIo vaDe ja. (A) loDhuM: yuropiyane sAmAnya rIte AnA viSe durlakSa kare che. kAraNake te khANo moTe bhAge dariyA 1. 1931nA AMkaDA pramANe judA judA dezomAM vastInA pramANamAM heranI saMkhyA nIce mujaba che: hiMdustAna dara se mANase Thera DenmArka , , 74 amerikA , i >> 79 keneDA , >> 'deg aira TreliyA , , 259 2. hiMdamAM 1931 mAM gocara jamInanuM pramANu kheDANa jamInanA mAtra 16 TakA che, tyAre bIjA khetIpradhAna dezomAM 15 TakA karatAM ochuM nathI. For Private & Personal use only www Bielinary

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! kinArAthI dUra mAlUma paDe che. hiMdIe bicArA mUDIne abhAve, meTA vepArI saMbadhAne abhAve, ane ghaNI vAra sarakAre evAM sAhaseA upara mUkelA kharAba aMkurone kAraNe temanA pUratA lAbha laI zakatA nathI. 72 (4) seAnuM : badhI khANA yureziyanAnA ja hAthamAM che. (I peTroliyama : ( AsAma ane brahmadeza ) yurApiyanAnA hAthamAM. 5. mAchalAM lagabhaga AkhA ja dhaMdhAhiMdIenA hAthamAM che. thoDAM varSa agAu hugalI pAsenA bhAgamAM mAchalAM pakaDavAnA dhaMdhA karavA iMgleMDamAM eka limiTeDa kaMpanI UbhI thaI hatI, paNa pachIthI te aTakI gaI. 6. kArakhAnAM kula (a) sutarAu kApaDanI mileA : 1898-99mAM 176 mile hatI. te badhI lagabhaga hiMdInA hAthamAM che. hiMdIo dolata meLave te temAMthI dezane keTalA badhA phAyadA maLe che, tenA dAkhale pArasIe karelI asaMkhya sakhAvate che. kAI prajAkIya sarakAre DahApaNa vAparIne dezanA badhA udyogahunnara paradezIonA hAthamAM jatA aTakAvI, dezIonA hAthamAM ja rahevA dIdhA heAta, te dezane judI judI rIte keTalA phAyadA thAta, te A uparathI samajAze. (A) ANunI mile : badhI ja yurepiyanonA hAthamAM, hiMdustAnanI sapattinA kharA mAlika kANuM ? (4) nA temaja Una, kAgaLa, dArU, kaoNphI, cAkhA, tela, gaLI, imAratI lAkaDa, khAMDa, rezama vagerenAM bIjA paracUraNa kArakhAnAMmAMthI bhAga jeTalAM yurepiyananA hAthamAM che. 193 7. limiTeDa kaMpanIo dezamAM kula 1417 kaMpanIe che. ane temanI mUDI kula 13 karoDa rUpiyA che. dezIonA hastakanI mileA paNa temAM gaNI laI etA paNa mAtra 15 karoDa rUpiyAnI mUDI ja dezIonA hAthamAM che. bhAkI badhI paradezIonI che. sAthe eTaluM paNa yAda rAkhavAnuM che ke ATalA meTA khaMDa jeTalA dezamAM tamAma prakAranAM kArakhAnAM, beMko, vImA kaMpanIo vagere badhuM maLIne gaNatAM paNa kula 53 karoDa rUpiyAnI ja mUDI udyogadhaMdhAmAM rAkAyelI che. jyAre iMgleMDanA ekalA mAMcesTara zaheranI ja vepAraudyogamAM rokAyelI kula mUDI 1881mAM 447 karoDa rUpiyA jeTalI che. 8. relave 22000 mAIlathI lAMbI A relavee, jamIna sarakAre meLavI ApyA chatA, dara varSe vyAjanI khAdha * hiM'damAM 1929-30mAM dezI kapanIeAnI saMkhyA 6925 che, ane temAM 28,690 lAkha rUpiyA zakAyelA che. jyAre, paradezI kaMpanIe 883 che; ane temAM 98,000 lAkha rUpiyA rokAyelA che. dezI kaMpanIomAM paNa paradezI mUDI 7500 lAkha rUpiyAnI che. eTale dezamAM videzI mUDI Azare 10 abaja rUpiyA che, jyAre dezI mUDI Azare be abaja rUpiyA che. 1. 1933-4mAM AkhA dezamAM 42,953 mAIla relave che,

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hiMdustAnanI saMpattinA kharA mAlika koNa? 9 uparAMta temane pAMca TakA vyAja te Ape ja; pachI jyAre na Avata zarU thAya, tyAre paNa AgalAM varSomAM gayelI beTa gaNyA vinA ja naphAmAMthI ardhaardha bhAga aMgrejone maLe. ane te naphe paNa sarakAra 22 pensanA rUpiyAne dare IgleMDa bharI Ape. ane te napho vagere cha cha mahine gaNavAmAM Ave, jethI eka varSamAM paNa AgalA i mahinAmAM je boTa gaI hoya, te sarakAra bharI le, paNa pachInA cha mahinAmAM je na Ave, te e ja aMgrejone maLe ! AbAda hiMdustAna! sarakAre bharI ApyA pachI, ane bIjAM paNa keTalAMya kharca sarakAre kyAM hovA chatAM, yuropiyana kaMpanIoe 45,00,000,000 rUpiyA kharce bAMdhI che. hisAbo uparathI jaNAya che ke, sarakAre te kaMpanIone temanI mUDI upara gayelI vyAjanI khoTa bharapAI karI ApavA 60,0,000,000 rUpiyA garIba hiMdIonI tijorImAMthI ApyA che. te rakama sadAne mATe dezanI bahAra gaI che. e badhI relave lAIno sarakAra pote ja paradeza pAsethI nANAM uchInAM laIne bAMdhI zakatapaNa teNe te aMgreja kaMpanIone ja badhI relaveo bAMdhavA dIdhI ane temane pahelethI bAMyadharI ApI ke, temane khoTa jAya to paNa dara varSe dara seMkaDe pAMca TakA vyAja hiMdanI tijorImAMthI acUka bharI ApavAmAM Avaze. temaja thoDAM varSa pachI pAMca TakA uparAMta je naphe temane thaze, temAM ardho bhAga AgalAM varSoe gayelI beTa gaNyA vinA ja temane ApavAmAM Avaze. vaLI naphAnI je rakama laMDa mokalavAmAM Avaze, te rUpiyAnA 22 pensane hisAbe sarakAra mokalI Apaze. naphAnukasAnano hisAba dara cha mahine gaNavAmAM Avaze. A karAra karI beThA pachI vyAjanA bhAva ghaNA ja UtarI gayA ane 2 ke rAA TakAne dare ja joI e teTalI rakama maLI zake tema thayuM. te paNa sarakAre te relave kaMpanIone so se varSanA paTA karI ApyA hovAthI temane to pAMca pAMca TakA vyAja bharI ApavuM ja paDayuM. temaja bajAramAM hUMDiyAmaNane dara 16 pensa thaI gayo to paNa pahelethI karelA vicitra karArane kAraNe sarakAra to IMglaMDana aMgrejone 22 pensanA rUpiyAne hisAbe ja temane na bharyA karatI ! eTale ke, relave lAIna baMdhAvAnI paNa zarU thAya tyAra pahelAM aMgrejone temanI mUDI upara sarakAra pAMca TakA napho Ape; tyAra bAda relave zarU thayA pachI paNa zarUAtanAM varSomAM je kheTa Ave, te paNa sarakAra ja bhare ane jI. AI. pI.; bI. bI. sI. tathA madrAsa lAIna upara, aMgrejone zarUAtathI chevaTa sudhIne hisAba gaNata dara varSe dara seMkaDe 9970 TakA jeTalo naphe IMgleMDa bharI ApavAmAM Avyo hato; paNa sarakAre te zarUAtanI badhI khoTa khissAmAMthI bharelI hovAthI pahelethI chevaTa sudhIne For Private & Personale Only www Bielinary

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chaThTha AbAda hiMdustAna ! hisAba gaNatAM dara varSe sarerAza 13,000,000 rUpiyAnI khATa ja bharyAM karI hatI ! sarakAra kAI kAI vAra relave lAIne kaMpanIe pAsethI kharIdI paNa le che. temAM paNa agrejone bane teTale lAbha ja ApavAmAM Ave che. jemake, e, enDa. Ara, relave zarU thaI tyArathI mAMDIne sarakArane dara varSe 2,323,283 rUpiyA kheATa bharyAM karavI paDI hovA chatAM, jyAre te kaMpanInI mUDI sarakAre vecAtI lIdhI, tyAre tenA upara sekaDe 26 TakA primiyama te kapanIne ApyuM. kharI rIte AvI kheTamAM cAlatI kaMpanInA zaeNra upara ATaluM primiyama hoya ja zI rIte ? te ja pramANe esa. AI. Ara. kaMpanI sarakAre kharIdI, tyAre tenA upara sarakare kula 700,00,000 rUpiyA jeTalI kheATa bharI hAvA chatAM, tenI 32,00,000 pAuMDanI mUDI upara 9,80,000 pAuDa primiyama ApyuM.? sarakAre, kheATa jAya te paNa vyAja bharI ApavAnI bAMyadharI ApI hovAthI, te kapanIoe kharaca karavAmAM 1. agAu joDelI karADA rUpiyAnI kheATanI I. sa. 1920 Akhare vyAja sAthe kula 2kama gaNIe, teA khATanA AMkaDA lagabhaga 275 karADa jeTalA thAya. 4 TakA lekhe dara varase tenuM 11 karoDa rUpiyA tA vyAja ja thAya. ra, A pramANe kaMpanIonI relave bhAva upara vadhArA (primiyama) tarIke sarakAre rUpiyA ApyA che. kharIdatI vakhate raoNranA eka dara 50 karADa hiMdustAnanI sapattinA kharA mAlika kANuM ? jarAye karakasara karavAnI dAnata rAkhI na hatI. aMgreja sarakAranA ja nANAMkhAtAnA pradhAna rA, e. ena. yesI kahe che keH " sarakAre pAMca TakA vyAja ApavAnI AMyadharI ApI hovAthI, te paisA hugalI nadImAM pheMkI devAmAM Ave che ke tenA IMTo kharIdavAmAM Ave che te jovAnI kaMpanIvALAone jarAya darakAra na hatI. pariNAme isTa iMDiyA relave upara eka mAila dITha 45,0000 rUpiyA jeTaluM bhAre kharca karavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. duniyAmAM kAI paNa relave lAIna upara ATaluM meTuM kharca nahi thayuM hoya, '' 77 9. nahera naherA pAchaLa para5,000,000 rUpiyAnuM kharca karavAmAM AvyuM che. te AkhI rakama iMgleMDathI vyAje ANuvAmAM AvI che. AvA khetIpradhAna dezamAM ATalI najIvI rakama naherA pAchaLa kharacelI hAvA chatAM, sarakArI amaladAro, aMgreja sarakAre dukALa haTAvavA nahere vageremAM keTaluM meruM kharca karyuM che tenAM meTAM meTAM baNagAM phUMkayA kare che. tenA javAbamAM mi. jaoNna brAITe jaNAvyuM che : " iMgleMDamAM mAtra pAMca lAkhanI vastIvALA eka mAMcesTara zaherane cokhkhuM pANI maLe te mATe ja 30,000,000 rUpiyA atyAra sudhI kharacavAmAM AvyA che. ane hajI bIjA 60,000,000 kharacavAnI pAmeTa pAse mAgaNI karI che. eTale ke kula 90,00,000 rUpiyA kharca thaze. jyAre, 20 karoDanI vastIvALA tathA moTI meTI nadIevALA dezamAM naherakAma mATe parapa,000,000

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! rUpiyA kharacavAmAM AvyA che teTalAmAM tA amaladArA phulAI phulAIne phATI jAya che." 10. vahANA nAnAmAM nAnA hissA bAda karatAM bAkInAM vahANa paradezamAM paradezI mUDIthI banelAM che, ane temaneA badhA nA paradeza jAya che. 11. sulakI nokarIe I. sa. 1886-87mAM A khAtAnA pagAra 117 lAkha hatA. traNa varSamAM te vadhIne have 157 lAkhanA thayA che. A meTI rakamamAMthI mAtra 8,000 yurepiyananA khissAmAM ja 80 lAkha rUpiyA jAya che. tyAre 130,000 hudIonA hAthamAM 70 lAkha rUpiyA jAya che, ane 6,000 yurejhiyanene cha lAkha rUpiyA maLe che. eTale ke dara varSe, 9000 rUpiyA pagAra maLe che. 1200 23 450 1 yurepiyanane 1 yurejhiyanane jyAre 1 hiMdIne 38 12. lazkarI hiMdI ke yuropiyana -- badhI amaladArA mAtra yurepiyane ja che. 1 yureziyanane dara varSe 1160 1 hiMdIne dara varSe 310 1913 1922 1036 2526 965 2503 33 33 33 karIe ja palaTaNAnA meTA sAmAnya sAljarAmAMthI rUpiyA pagAra maLe che. * 313 69 33 sarakAranA 22 * * vArSika pagAra rU. briTiza dhoDesavAra briTiza pAyadaLa hiMdI gheADesavAra hiMdI pAyadRLa 27 27 283 631 ,, hiMdustAnanI saMpattinA kharA mAlika koNa ? 13. bIjA dhadhA keTalAya zaktimAna hiMdIee meTAM moTAM kha ane taMgI veDI, karIe| mATe lAyakAta meLavavA prayatna karyAM che. paNa chevaTe to temane eka ja anubhava maLyA che ke, badhI sArI sArI nAkarIe to yurepiyanane mATe ja alaga rAkhavAmAM AvI che. 79 mane prakaraNanI zarUAtamAM pUchelA praznane meM vigatavAra javAba ApyA. TUMkAmAM kahIe te hiMdustAnamAM jyAM jyAM kAMI leAhI jevuM dekhAya che, tyAM tyAM aMgrejonI naLA coMTelI ja che. laoNDa saeNlisabarIe kahyuM hatuM tema, " hiMdustAnanuM lehI ApaNe cUsI levuM che. eTale jyAM jyAM lehI bhegu thayeluM jaNAya, tyAM ApaNI naLI ApaNe khesavI joI e,' Ama, jyAM jyAM kAMI paNa saMpatti -- kSeAhI maLI zake tevuM che, tyAM sarvatra aMgrejo potAnuM kAma karI rahyA che. dezamAM je kAMI sArA sArA udyogadhaMdhA che. ke je kAMI sArI sArI karIe che, te badhuM aMgrejonA hAthamAM che. ane pariNAma zuM AvyuM che ? iMglaMDa hadustAnane cUsIne peTa phATI jAya teTaluM puSTa banyuM che, ane hiMdustAna cusAI ne pUNI jevuM banI gayuM che. tenA eka purAveA huM nIce ApuM chuM. vAcaka tenA upara theAbhIne vicAra kare, iMgleMDanAM mAtra vacalA ane nIcalA varganAM 60 lAkha kuTuMboe potAnuM tamAma kharca vagere sArI rIte karI lIdhA bAda mAtra bacata rakama tarIke ja 4,50,000,000 eTale ke

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AbAda hiMdustAna! Vaa abaja rUpiyA ke vageremAM mukelA che. jyAre AkhA hiMdustAna dezamAM dukALa, tIDa ke megharAjAne bilakula upadrava na hoya tyAre jamInanI tamAma pedAza bhegI karIe, to tenI kiMmata 2,250,000,000 eTale ke mAtra 2 abaja rUpiyA ja thAya che. paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhajo ke, IMglaMDanA mAtra nIcalA varganA 2 karoDa lokonI bacata 4 abaja rUpiyA che; jyAre hiMdustAnanA lokonI jamInanI sArAmAM sArAM varSa daramyAna 23 karoDa lokonI pedAza ja 2 abaja rUpiyA che. ane chatAM hiMdustAnanA garIba lokonA paisAmAMthI bAdazAhI pagAra khAnAro hiMdI vajIda pArlameMTamAM kahevAnI hamata karI zake che ke: ema kahevAnI konI magadUra che ke hiMdustAna ApaNuM rAjya heThaLa garIba banatuM jAya che ?" dukALo: temanI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA ane tenAM kAraNo - I. sa. 1797 thI 1900 sudhInAM 107 varSamAM AkhI duniyAmAM laDAIthI thayelAM maraNanI saMkhyA 50 lAkha che. jyAre, I. sa. 1889 thI 1900 sudhInAM 10 varSamAM ekalA hiMdustAnamAM dukALathI thayelAM maraNa 190 lAkha che. ace pahelAM hiMdustAnamAM aMgrejo AvyA tyAra pahelAMnA dukALAne itihAsa cakkasa ke pUrata che ema na ja kahI zakAya. paraMtu eka vAta cokakasa kahI zakAya tema che ke, te dukALe mAtra sthAnika ja hatA. eka aMgreja ItihAsazake karelI zodhakhoLane pariNAme mAlUma paDe che ke, aMgrejonA AvatA pahelAM hiMdustAnamAM jude jude samaye nIce pramANe dukALa paDyA hatA. For Private & Personal use only

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! 2 dukALa mAtra amuka bhAgamAM ja. mAtra dilInI AsapAsa. amuka bhAgamAM ja. 15 , 2 ) 17 ,, pradezacakkasa batAvyo nathI. 18 ,, amuka bhAgamAM ja. (1745 sudhInAM) 745 varSamAM 18 dukALa aMgrejo AvyA pachI 1769 thI 1792 sudhInAM 24 varSamAM 5 dukALa. 1800 thI 1825 ,, 25 varSamAM 5 , 1826 thI 1850 ,, 25 varSamAM 2 , 1. A dukALe viSe lakhatAM baMgALAnA lepha. gavarnara sara joja kaeNpabela jaNAve che, " I. sa. 1770nA dukALamAM pUrva hiMdustAnamAM lakane ghaNuM duHkha veThavuM paDayuM hatuM, ane ghaNAM mANase bhUkhamarAthI nAza pAmyAM hatAM. joke, te pachI te ja varSe koI paNa sArA varSamAM ugharAvelI mahesUla karatAM sarakAre pAMca lAkha rUpiyA mahesUla te bhAgamAM ja vadhAre ugharAvyuM hatuM. . . . aMgreja amaladArone lokonuM duHkha joI atizaya lAgaNI thaI AvI hatI, paraMtu temanI mahesUla mATenI lAgaNI tenAthI vadhAre hatI. I. sa. 1784mAM paMjAba vagere bhAgomAM je dukALa paDyo, temAM paNa lokone ghaNuM ja bhayaMkara duHkha veThavuM paDayuM. musalamAnonA samayamAM je anAja 1 rUpiye 136 vora maLatuM, tene bhAva 1 rUpiye 32 zera thaI gaye hato." I. sa. 1897mAM relavee vadhyA chatAM te varSanA dukALamAM tyAM rUpiyAnuM 26 zera ja anAja maLatuM hatuM, dukALe: temanI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA 83 aMgrejonuM rAjya pUrepUru' jANyA pachI I. sa. 1851 thI 1875 sudhInAM 25 varSamAM 6 dukALa. . (jemAM 50 lAkha mANasa nAza pAmyAM.) I. sa. 1876 thI 1900 sudhInAM 25 varSamAM 18 dukALa. (jemAM 253 lAkha mANasa nAza pAmyAM.) temAM paNa, chellA daza varSanA gALAmAM paDelA be dukALamAM thaIne ja 190 lAkha mANasa nAza pAmyAM hatAM. eTale ke, chellAM 25 varSa daramyAna dara varSe 10 lAkha mANaso bhUkhamarAthI nAza pAmyA karyA che. eTale ke aMgrejonuM rAjya sthapAyAne 100 varSa thayA bAda dezanI e vale AvI che ke : dara miniTe 2 mANasa, dara kalAke 120 mANasa, ane dara roja 2880 mANasa, lAgalagATa chellAM 25 varSathI hiMdustAnamAM bhUkhe TaLavaLatAM maraNa pAmyA karyA che. ane-- chellAM daza varSathI 1 miniTa paNa thobhyA vinA, dara miniTe ja mANasa, dara kalAke 240 mANasa, ane dara roja pa76 0 mANasa, bhUkhe TaLavaLatAM - satata - maryA karyA che. uparane Akhe hisAba bIjI rIte mUkIe : For Private & Personale Only

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AbAda hiMdustAna! aMgrejo AvyA pahelAM 75 varSamAM 18 dukALa. aMgrejo AvyA bAda 132 varSamAM 36 bhayaMkara dukALa, * Ama kema banyuM che? jema jema ApaNuM rAjya hiMdustAnamAM laMbAtuM jAya che, tema tema ApaNuM rAjyane pariNAme dezamAM dukALa ane bhUkhamaro vadhatAM ja cAlavAnAM che ke zuM? sAthe sAthe A dukALanAM varSo daramyAna ja IgleMDanI saMpatti keTalA vegathI vadhatI cAlI che, tenI sarakhAmaNI karo ane chevaTe eka siddhAMta tamArA manamAM ThasyA vinA rahevAne ja nathI ke, eka bAju IMgleMDa hiMdustAnamAMthI paisA ghasaDI ghasaDIne paisAdAra thatuM jAya che; jyAre bIjI bAju dukALeH temanI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA 85 hiMdustAna nivAI nivAIne dukALanA bhISaNa paMjAomAM haMmezane mATe sapaDAtuM jAya che. ja uparAMta, atyAranA dukALe e pahelAMnA jevA dukALa nathI; e vAta paNa dhyAnamAM rAkhe. pahelAM: be traNa varSa lAgalagaDha varasAda paDato naha te ja dukALa mAlUma paData. have : eka ja varSa pUratuM te zuM paNa yogya vakhate ja varasAda na paDe, te paNa ekadama bhayaMkara dukALa zarU thaI jAya che. pahelAM : gAmaDe gAmaDe anAjanA bhaMDAra dukALa sAme rakSaNa mATe saMgharAyelA rahetA. have : ApaNI relaveone dhanya che ke, dezamAM pAkatA dANAne eka paNa vadhArAne dANa saMgharAI rahevAne badale pavanane vege paradeza ghasaDAI jAya che. uparAMta relaveethI eka bIjuM moTuM duHkha e UbhuM thayuM che ke, dezanA koI paNa eka bhAgamAM dukALa paDe che ke tarata dezanA bIjA sukALavALA bhAgomAMthI, vadhAre bhAva UpajatA hovAthI anAja ghasaDAIne te bhAgamAM AvavA mAMDe che; eTale AkhA dezamAM anAjanA bhAva caDI jAya che, ane sukALavALA bhAgomAM paNa garIba loke peTa pUratuM anAja (pahelAMnA jeTalI ja AvakamAMthI) kharIdI zakatA nathI. jyAre, pahelAM koI ekAda bhAgamAM dukALa paDate, te tenI AvI bhAre asara AkhA dezane khUNe becare veThavI paDatI nahi. pariNAme, mi. vAghana neza jaNAve che tema, AkhI duniyAmAM 30 varSa daramyAna jeTalA ke tAvanA rogathI * uparAMta sarakAre noMdhelA A dukALonI saMkhyA viSe eka vastu khAsa dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnI che. keTalAMya satata dukALanAM bhayaMkara vane sarakAra dukALanAM varSa tarIke gaNatI ja nathI. mi. nelsa jaNAve che: meM 300 mANasonA eka gAmaDAnI tapAsa karI hatI. te gAmamAM kenI rojanI sarerAza Avaka mAthA dITha eka paisA karatAM paNa ochI mAluma paDI hatI. ATalI Avaka upara koI mANasa jIvI ja zI rIte zake ? teo mAtra jIvavAno prayatna karatAM hatAM ema kahI zakAya. meM keTalAMya jhuMpaDAM evAM jevAM ke, jemAM loke maDadAM khAIne ja jIvatA hatA. meM keTalAya bhUkhe maratA lekenA evA pheTA lIdhA che ke jemane sAmAnya mANase te joI paNa na zake - chatAM A badhA dAkhalAomAM sarakAre dukALa go na hatA, Jain Education Internation For Private & Personal use only www Bielinary

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AbAda hiMdustAna! marI gayA che, tenA karatAM vadhAre mANase ekalA hiMdustAnamAM mAtra traNa varSamAM ja marI gayA che." keTalAka ema kahe che ke, hiMdustAnamAM pUrate varasAda paDato nathI eTale AkhI duniyAmAM sauthI vadhAre dukALa tyAM paDe che. paNa e khAlI "sarakArI " jUThANuM che. kaI paNa kharAbamAM kharAba varSe paNa hiMdustAnamAM varasAda te AkAzamAMthI hara sAla jeTalo ja paDelo hoya che. paraMtu AkAzamAMthI paDeluM pANI saMgharI rAkhI prajAnA upayogamAM lAvavA mATe sarakAre kAMI paNa vyavasthA karI nathI hotI. I. sa. 1880nA dukALakamizananA sabhyoe ja jaNAvyuM che ke : hiMdustAna dezanA dukALa temaja temanI bhayaMkaratA ochI karavAne sauthI uttama mArga nahera khodAvavAno che. sarakAra sAmAnya rIte jyAre kazuM kharca upADavAnuM Ave che, tyAre temAMthI pitAne keTalo napho thaze, teno ja khyAla kare che; paraMtu AvI nahere chedAvavAthI prajAnA keTalA lokone saMrakSaNa maLaze, prajAnI keTalIya moTI manuSyasaMkhyA nAhaka nAza pAmatI aTakaze, dukALanA varSamAM mahesUlamAM AvatI keTalI moTI khAdha echI thaze, temaja dukALasaMkaTanivAraNa mATe je kharca karavuM paDe che te paNa baMdha thaze - ene vicAra ja karatI nathI. uparAMta je varSoe sAro varasAda paDyo hoya che, te varSomAM paNa nahere kheDUtane potAnAM khetaramAMthI vadhAre pAka meLavavAmAM temaja pAkanI vadhAre sArI jAte ucheravAmAM dukALeH temanI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA 87 keTalI madadagAra thAya che, te te je anubhavI hoya te ja jANI zake." * kheDUtone te upayogI thAya te uparAMta moTI moTI naherathI dezanA sAmAnya vepAraudyogane keTaluM moTuM uttejana maLe, te paNa samajavA jevI vAta che. dezamAM mAMthI moMghI ane lAMbI lAMbI relaveo pAchaLa lakhalUTa kharca karavA karatAM sarakAre je lAMbA lAMbA jaLamArgo ja karyA hota, to lAkho kheDUtone kalpanAtIta phAyado te the ja hota, paraMtu te uparAMta javaavara ane mAlanI lAvajA-laIjAmAM keTalI sastI sagavaDa thaI hota, ke keTalA vahANavaTIone moTI kamANI thaI hota, te koIne khyAlamAM AvatuM hoya tema lAgatuM ja nathI. dezamAM AvA keTalAka mukhya jaLamArge thaI gayA hoya, te pachI thoDI ghaNI navI relavethI ja dezane vahevAra pUrata cAlI zake. Ama eka ja sAdhanathI jamInanI pedAza vadhe, kheDUto samRddha thAya, vepAraudyoga vadhe, pramANamAM mAlanI ane mANasanI javaavara vadhe, seMkaDo khalAsIo ane vahANavaTIone rojI maLe, vahANa bAMdhanArA kArIgarone roja maLe, lokone javaavaranuM ane mAlanI lAvajA-laIjAnuM atyAre je vadhAre paDatuM kharca veThavuM paDe che, te ochuM thaI jAya; temaja relaveo mATe moTAM moTAM vyAja bharI je moTI mUDI paradezathI lAvavI paDI, tathA tenA upara vyAjanA * 1934nI gaNatarI pramANe kheDANa jamInanA phakta 18 TakA jamInamAM patithI khetI karavAnI sagavaDa che. For Private & Personal use only

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- AbAda hiMdustAna ! temaja nAnA, tathA dara varase kAlasA, tuM vagere banne sarasAmAna kharIdavAnA je lAkhA rUpiyA paradeza huMmezane mATe meAkalavA paDe che, te kAMI ja karavuM na paDe. vaLI, upara jaNAvelA jaLamArgoM dezamAMthI UbhI karelI mUDI vaDe ja sahelAIthI thaI zakayA hota, temAM kharacAyelA badhA rUpiyA dezamAM ja raheta, ane prajAne ja eka yA bIje rUpe pAchA maLata, tathA pariNAme haMmezane mATe TalAMkAne dukALa ane bhUkhamarAmAMthI ceAkkasa surakSitatA maLata, khetInI pedAzamAM vadhAre thavAthI kheDUte temaja temanA upara jIvatA bIjA kArIgare paNa samRddha thAta, ane eka pAI paradeza mAkalyA vinA javaraavaranuM ghaNuM sastuM sAdhana maLata. paraMtu sarakArane kareADAnI prajAne samRddhi, sagavaDa ke bhUkhamarAmAMthI rakSaNa Ape tevuM sAdhana haMmezane mATe maLe te karatAM mUDIbhara aMgrejone lAkhAnI kamANI thAya e ja vadhu ja hatuM; eTale upara jaNAvelA dukALakamizananI cAkkasa ane khAsa bhalAmaNeA pachI paNa teNe te dezanI mahesUlamAMthI naherA karatAM 7 gaNuM vadhAre kharca relave pAchaLa ja karyuM. Ama, dezane upayAgI, lAbhadAyaka ane sahelAIthI thaI zake tevAM sAdhane pUrAM na pADavAM hoya, ane nukasAnakAraka, meAMdhAM tathA dezane ha Mmezane mATe devAmAM ane duHkhamAM nAkhanArAM pagalAM bIjAee cetavyA chatAM paNa udhADI AMkhe levAM hAya; dezanA tamAma dhaMdhA ane vepAra bhAgI paDe paNa paradezIenA sekA dhaMdhA dara varSe vadhu ne vadhu phUlatA phAlatA jAya evI dAnata rAkhavI heAya; tathA meTA dukALA: temanI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA 89 meATA pagArAvALI jagAe paradezIone ja ApIne mahesUlanA moTA bhAga paradeza ja ghasaDI javA hAya; to pachI, hiMdustAna,satata dukALanuM, miniTe miniTe ane kalAke kalAka bhUkhe TaLavaLIne maraNa pAmatA sekaDA ane hajArA lAkhA leAkeAnuM " maMgaLadhAma '' banI rahe, temAM navAI zI ? ApaNA hAthamAM sapaDAyelA A dezane kaTale badhA samRddhimAna ane sukhI banAvI zakAya tema hatuM, chatAM, jANIbUjIne, ughADI AMkhe, ApaNe tenI zI sthiti ANI che, tene vicAra karIe chIe tyAre manamAM evA prazna UbhA thayA vinA nathI ja raheto ke, jagatamAM kAI divasa e mATe ApaNe kAI ne paNa javAba ApavA nahi paDe? pariziSTa 1 hiMdI vajIra sara hetri phAularane lakhelA patramAMthI utArA " dezanA 35 varSanA anubhavavALA karnala blUmiksDa mArA patranA javAbamAM kahe che ke, erisAmAM varasAda ocho paDe che mATe dukALa paDatyAM kare che. paraMtu I. sa. 1865-66nA dukALa vakhate erisAmAM varasAda te bIjA varSAnA jeTalA, pUrepUrA 60 iMca ja paDayo hatA. paNa te ayeAgya vakhate paDo ane eka sAmaTA ghaNA vadhAre paDayo. sara ArkaeNpTana kahe che ke, jo te vakhate AkhA prAMtamAM sarAvarA kheAdAvelAM heAta, tathA temAMthI khetarAne pANI pUruM pADavA kAMsa

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! dAvelA hota, te A dukALa kadI na paData. Izvare te pUrate varasAda ApyA hatA, paraMtu tene yogya saMgha na karI; tene prajAnA kAmamAM na ANanAra sarakArane ja doSa hato. mArI pAse jillAvAra AkhAM prAMtanA nakazA taiyAra che; ane tenA vaDe huM sAbita karI zakuM tema chuM ke, ApaNe jeTalI rakama relave pAchaLa ane nakAmAM tathA vadhAre paDatA lazkara pAchaLa kharacI che, te ja rakamamAMthI evI rItanAM sarovara ane kAMsa banAvI zakAyA hota, ke A prAMtane haMmezane mATe dukALa ane taMgIthI mukta karI zakAyo hota. " vaLI bIjI vAta, 130 varSathI mAMDIne hiMdustAnamAMthI je bhayaMkara jhaDape ApaNe dhanasaMpatti ghasaDI javA mAMDI che, tene pariNAme dezamAM dhanasaMpattino ke mUDIne eTalo badhe abhAva thaI gayuM che ke, tathA loke eTalI hada sudhInI garIbAImAM sapaDAI gayA che ke, khetImAM sudhArA karavAnI vAta te dUra rahI, paNa kudaratI niyama pramANe dara varSe khetaramAM je khAtara nAkhavuM joIe, tathA vacce vacce amuka varSe vArApharatI khetara paDatara rahevA devA joIe temAMnuM kazuM ja teo karI zakatA nathI; ane bajAramAM je pAkano bhAva sAro Upajate hoya, te ekane eka pAka dara varSa, khetarane nukasAna thatuM hovA chatAM, lIdhA kare che. Ane kAraNe jamInane kasa 30 TakA jeTaluM ghaTI gayo che. tenuM eka pramANa nIce ApuM chuM. "I. sa. 188rathI mAMDIne atyAra sudhImAM 16,000,000 ekara navI jamInane, kheDANa-jamInamAM vadhAro thaye che; 14,50,00,000 rUpiyA nahero bAMdhavA pAchaLa kharacAyA dukALe temanI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA 91 hatA (naherovALI jamIna pahelAM karatAM cha gaNuM vadhAre pakavI zake che;) tathA 60,00,00,000 rUpiyA relavenA vadhArA pAchaLa kharacAyA hatA chatAM : I. sa. 1882mAM khetInI Avaka 350,00,00,000 rUpiyA hatI. jyAre I. sa. 1898-99mAM te Avaka mAtra 286,00,00,000 rUpiyA hatI. eTale ke kheDANa jamInanA ekara vadhavA chatAM tathA jamInanI pedAza ane te pedAzanA bhAva vadhAranAra nahero tathA relavee pAchaLa ATalA vadhu rUpiyA kharacAyA chatAM khetInI pedAzamAM vadhAro thavAne badale 64,00,00,000 rUpiyAne ghaTADe thayo. ene artha e ja che ke jamInane kasa ane phaLadrupatA ghaTatAM jAya che. -e ghaTADe khAtarane abhAve, jamIna paDatara rahevAne abhAve ane levAtA pAkanI jAtamAM varaso varasa karavAnA pheraphArane abhAve thayo che. -e abhAva mUDIne abhAve thayo che. -mUDIne abhAve dezamAMthI dolata satata kheMcI jatA ApaNuM paradezI rAjyane kAraNe thayo che. * "ene artha e ke, je paisA hiMdustAnane phaLadrupa ane samRddha banAvavAmAM vaparAvA joItA hatA, te ApaNe IMglaMDamAM kheMcI gayA chIe. "vaLI trIjI vAta. 21 varSa pahelAM sara viliyama haMTare ' IMglaDe hiMdustAnamAM kareluM kArya ' e viSaya upara bhASaNa ApatAM jaNAvyuM hatuM ke, "hiMdustAnamAM karoDa mANasane peTapUratuM khAvAnuM nathI maLatuM.' For Private & Personal use only

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! " A vacana temaNe uccAryAM hatAM tyArabAda dezanI vastImAM 6 karoDa mANasane vadhArA thayA che. paNa laoNrDa karjhananA ja kathA pramANe dezanI AvakamAM te daramyAna jarAya vadhArA thayA nathI. eTale je deza pahelAM ja cAra karADane khAvAnuM ApI zakatA na hatA, te have A navAM vadhelAMne paNa nathI ja ApatA e siddha thayuM. TrakAmAM atyAre dezamAM 9 karADathI vadhAre mANasAne peTapUratuM khAvAnuM nathI ja maLatuM ema jarUra kahI zakAya, 92 " A trAsajanaka hakIkata uparAMta bIjI eka bhayaMkara vastu e che ke, dazakA pahelAMnA karatAM have dara varSe dezamAM 15 lAkha vadhAre mANasA tAvathI marI jAya che. sarakArI meDikala ripeTa mAM ja jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che ke, " A tAva e bhUkhamarA ane pUratAM kapaDAMnA abhAvanuM ja bIjuM nAma" che, paraM'tu Apa sAheba paNa tarata samajI zakazo ke, tAvathI eka mANasa mare tyAre bIjA 20 tenAthI pathArIvaza thayAM hAya. eTale sIdhI bhASAmAM kahIe, te bhUkhamarAthI ane pUratAM kapaDAMnA abhAvathI maravAnI aNI upara AvelA rAgI leAkAnI saMkhyA 10 karADanI che. khInna zabdomAM, dezanI kula vastIne trIje bhAga bhUkhamarAthI maravAnI aNI upara AvI raheaA--sarakArI bhASAmAM tAve paDeleA--dara varSe hAya che. " have ceAthI vAta, kheDUtA pAsethI sarakAra keTaluM niceAvI niceAvIne mahesUla le che, ane pariNAme AkhA varSanI mahenata pachI paNa kheDUta pAse peTapUratuM khAvA 93 dukALA, temanI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA jeTaluMya kevI rIte rahetuM nathI, tenA eka dAkhale huM nIce ApuM chuM. * " eTAnA kalekaTara mI, kru kheDUtomAMthI anubhavImAM anubhavI mANasAnA kheAlAvyA ane temane eka sArI sthitinA eTale ke e baLada, haLa ane kUvAvALA tathA pA ekara jeTalA khetaranA mAlika evA kheDUtanI Avaka tathA kharcanA hisAba nakkI karavAnuM kahyuM. tenuM piraNAma nIce mujaba AvyuM : Avaka kha kharIpha pAka rabI pAka kula 3. A, pA. 129-8-0 84-8-0 mahesUla : bIjuM kharca : 214-0-0 bIjuM khetI kharcI : 79-10-0 bacata 45-14-0 kula 214-0-0 " eTale ke mAtra rU. 45-14 AnAmAM eka sArI sthitinA kheDUtane sArA varSa daramyAna peAtAnA kuTuMba sAthe AkhuM varSa gALavAnuM heAya che. te varase anAjanA bhAva 1 rUpiye 34 zeranA hatA. have A bhAgamAM kheDUtanA kuTuMbamAM sarerAza pAMca bhANusa hAya che. tA te kuTuMbane mAtra anAja mATe ja 54) rUpiyA joI e. ane kapaDAM te judAM ja, jo tenA kuTuMbamAM pAMcane badale cAra mANusa gaNIe, te paNa anAja tathA ( mANasa dITha echAmAM echAM 2 rUpiyAnAM kapaDAM gaNIe te ) kapaDAM maLIne daravarSe 16 rUpiyA khAdha 3.241. 41. 99-0-0 13-8-0

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94 AkhA hiMdustAna! Ave. ane pAMca mANasa gaNIe, te 32 rUpiyA khAda Ave. have, hiMdustAnamAM kara bahu ochA che, e vAta vAraMvAra kahyA karavAnI tame sAhebane bahu Teva che. te huM tamane A vastu upara vicAra karavAnI vinaMti karuM chuM keeka AkhA kuTuMbane varSane trIjA karatAM vadhAre bhAga daramyAna bhUkhamare ane kapaDAMnI taMgI veThavI paDe tema hovA chatAM, te kuTuMbanI AkhA varSanI mahenatanA 214 rUpiyAmAMthI 75 rUpiyA mahesUla peTe paDAvI levA, ene zuM tame "halake ane ochAmAM ochA kara' kahevA mAge che? maherabAnI karIne eTaluM dhyAnamAM rAkhajo ke, A dAkhalo pANIvALI - eTale ke kuvAvALI jamInane che. nIce bIjI jAtanA dAkhalA ApuM . te dAkhalA sarakArI kalekaTare bhegA karelA che ane sarakArI tapAsanA riporTamAM prasiddha thayelA che, e paNa Apa dhyAnamAM rAkhaze. kheDUtanuM nAma Avaka kharca mahesUla rU. A. 5. rU. A. pA. 3. A. pA. rUparAma (17 ekara) 341-9-0 350-0-0 306-0-0 bakSa (7 ekara ) 102-0-0 124-0-0 40-0-0 hIrA (24 ekara) 162-0-0 234-0-0 72-8-0 nIce saMyukta prAMtanA mathurA jillAnA be dAkhalA che. nAma Avaka kharca | mahesUla rU. A. 5. 3. A. pA. . A. pA. kamale (10 ekara) 91-0-0 104-12-0 3-0-0 abherAma (9 ekara) 103-4-0 129-15-0 68-15-0 dukALe temanI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA 95 chellA mANasanI khetaranA pAkanI kiMmata to 70 rU. 4 AnA hatI. ane temAMthI teNe rU. 68-15-0 mahesUla bharyuM. bIjI Avaka te teNe majUrI karIne meLavI che. eTAvA jillAnA kalekaTara mi. eNlekajhAnDara pitAnA riporTamAM jaNAve che ke, mahApuranA 55 kheDUtemAMthI badhA ja, varSane aMte 800 rUpiyAthI mAMDIne 10 rUpiyA sudhInI rakamanA devA taLe AvI gayA hatA. kheDUtemAMnA ghaNA meTA bhAgane Dhora tema ja ghareNAM vecI devAM paDyAM hatAM. zAhukAra ane sarakAra maLIne kheDUtane dANedANo tANI jAya che ane pariNAme kheDUtanI jiMdagI jillAnI jelanA kedI karatAM paNa kharAba bane che. kAraNa ke jelanA kedIne peTa pUratuM anna ane TADhathI rakSaNa maLe teTalAM kapaDAM ApavAnI pharaja sarakAra sAthe rAkhe che. jyAre A kheDUta pitAnI badhI pedAza sarakAra ane zAhukArane ghera vidAya karI, pachI kema karIne jIve che, te jANavAnI pharaja keIne mAthe hotI nathI. pariNAme te riperTImAM saMkhyAbaMdha dAkhalAomAM jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che tema, loke tabiyatane bagADanAra jaMgalI ghAsa, mULiyAM, ke biyAM vagere khAIne bIje varSe pAcho te ja krama zarU karavA athavA tethI vadhAre kharAba sthitimAM sapaDAvA jIvatA rahe che.

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! pariziSTa 2 eka dukALathI dezane keTaluM nukasAna : thAya che, tene 1877-78 nA dukALa hisAba. 1. sarakAre kareluM madada vagerenuM kha 2. mahesUlanI khAdha 3. pAkanI khAdha [ sarakAra kula pedAzanA bhAga mahesUla tarIke le che, te hiMsAkhe, ] 4. dANaverAnI khAdha 5. jakAtanI khAdha 6. mIThAnI AvakamAM khAdha 7. seAnAcAMdInAM dhareNAMnI khA rUpiyA 80,000,000 25,200,000 318,000,000 1. "sarakAre TaMkazALa badha karIne rUpiyAnA bhAva kRtrima rIte caDAvI dIdhA hoya, tyAre cAMdItAM ghareNAMnA mAtra 50 TakAnI kiMmatanA ja calaNI rUpiyA maLe." mi, kharakhara. muMbaInI TaMkazALanA AMkaDA pramANe lokonAM dharaNAMnI cAMdI nIce pramANe AvI hatI. 2,810,000 4,790,000 2,730,000 98,800,000 1877-78 1,24,00,000 rUpiyAnI 1878-79 1,83,00,000 1879-80 1,37,00,000 kula. 4,44,00,000 have, mi. bAlee kahyuM che ke, " jeTalI cAMdI Ta'kazALamAM paheoMcI, te te kharI rIte vepArIone leAkAe vecelI cAMdInA nAne 37 dukALe: temanI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA 8. anAjanA vadhelA bhAvane kAraNe leAkeAne gayelI khAdha 5 9. nAza pAmelAM dvAranI khAdha ( 6,785,000 TAra nAza pAmelAM. 7 rUpiye 1te hisAbe ) 10. majUrAnI rAnI khAdha (5,000,000 majUrA rAjI vinAnA thayA hatA. 9 mahinA sudhI, mahine pAA rUpiyAne hiMsAkhe. ) 93 130,000,000 47,495,000 27,50,000 sarakhA ja hissA hovA joIe," e hisAbe upalI skamane mAtra bee guNatAM leAkAe 8,88,00,000 rUpiyAnAM ghareNAM vecyAM ema siddha thayuM. sAnAnAM ghareNAMnI kiMmata 10,000,000 hatI. sara bArabara jaNAve che ke, A varSoMmAM muMbaI ane madrAsathI ghaNuM seAnuM iMgleMDa caDayuM hatuM ane sara, eca. hee jaNAvyuM che ke, temane hi'dustAnathI je sAnuM maLyuM hatuM, te badhuM ghareNAM ogALIne kareluM hatuM, A AMkaDA keTalA agatyanA che te dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che. kAraNake, daza karoDanI ki`matanAM A ghareNAM dukALa vakhate marI gayelA 50 lAkha ane sarakAranI madada upara rahelA 10 lAkha mANasA pAsethI tA nahi ja AvyAM hoya. te paNa temanA 2 lAkha rUpiyA bAda karIe, teA paNa bAkInI badhI rakama leAkA pAsethI AvelI; eTale ke anAjanA bhAva hovAthI temane ghareNAM vecIne jIvatA rahevuM paDeluM. hamezAM caDelA ja rahetA hAvAthI, lAkA pAse jarAya sapatti bhegI kema nathI thatI, tenuM kAraNa samajo, vacalA varganA behada caDI gayA ane have bhAva

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98 AbAda hiMdustAna ! 11. kheDUtone mUDInI ane zAhukArAne vyAjanI gayelI khAdha (mina kamizananA riporTa pramANe 2 lAkha kheDUtAne mAthA dITha sarerAza 50 rUpiyA devuM hatuM. eTale ke 10,00,00,000 rUpiyA, temane 20 TakA bhAga dukALane lIdhe nAza pAmyA te rIte gaNatAM. ) 12. dhadhorAjagAra ghaTI javAthI vepArIe * ane dukAnadArAne gayelI khAdha ( aDasaTTo ) madrAsa ilAkAnA 1877nA dukALanI 83 ane uparAMta 50 lAkha mANasanI jiMdagIenI rUpiyA AnApAImAM kiMmata Apaze ? 20,000,000 10,000,000 kula khAdha 82,736,5000 eTale ke, lagabhaga 83,000,0000 karoDa rUpiyA! jiMdagI : e koNa kADhI 6 ghareNAM ane jhaverAtathI UbharAtu hiMdustAna ! lArDa karjhane peAtAnA bhASaNamAM jANAvyuM che ke : " dara varSe hiMdustAnamAM meTI rakamanuM sAnuM ane cAMdI AvyAM ja jAya che. ane te badhuM ja leAkeA ghareNAM banAvavAmAM ke dATI mUkavAmAM vApare che. ema chatAM laikA zI rIte kahevAnI hiMmata kare che ke, hiMdustAna aMgrejonA rAjyamAM garIba banatuM jAya che? " iMgleMDamAM paNa eka agragaNya chApAe hiMdustAnanA lokeAnI ghareNAM banAvavAnI ane sAnuM cAMdI jamInamAM dATI mUkavAnI Teva viSe khUba TIkA karI hatI. bicArA hiMdustAnane dareka bAbatamAM Ama ja bane che, tene dAjhathA upara DAma dIdhA sivAya ApaNane cAlatuM ja nathI. hiMdustAnamAM dara varSe karADe! mANase dukALa ane bhakhamarAthI maryAM ja jAya che, te vakhate paNa ApaNane melyA vinA rahevAtuM nathI ke, lokA senuM cAMdI dATI dATIne

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100 AbAda hiMdustAna! lakhapati thatA jAya che; ane ghareNAM upara ghareNuM zarIra upara lAdA kare che. chatAM e dalIlane radiyo te Apa sarakArI AMkaDAo mujaba I. sa. 1835 thI 1900 sudhInAM chellAM 3pa varSa daramyAna hiMdustAnamAM kula 374,853,857 pAuMDanuM senuM ane cAMdI 65 varSa daramyAna hiMdustAnamAM AvyAM che. have temAMthI lokone ghera keTalAM gayAM che, te tapAsIe. te 65 varSa daramyAna sarakAre TaMkazALa mATe pAuDa vAryuM : - 34,570, 6 65 dezArAjee TaMkazALa mATe vAparyuM : 13,000,000 sarakAranA aMdAja pramANe 65 varSa daramyAna sikkAonA ghasArA peTe jatA karavAnA : 65,000,000 nAnI nAnI ghUgharIvALAM ghareNAMnA ghasArA peTe mANasadITha varSe eka AnA lekhe gaNIe te paMNa : 43,333,290 eTale loko mATe kula bAkI rahyuM 221,949,902 e 65 varSa daramyAna briTiza hiMdanI sarerAza vastI 18 karoDanI gaNIe, to dara varSe mAthAdITha 4 AnAnI kiMmatanuM sonuM dezanA lokoe "ghareNAM lAdavAmAM" ke "jamInamAM dATavAmAM" vAparyuM che ! ! ane ATalI moTI rakama upara te vAIsaroya sAheba kahevA mAge che ke, "hiMdustAnanA loke dara varSe ATaATaluM sonuM cAMdI jamInamAM dAvyA kare che, to paNa hiMdustAna garIba banatuM jAya che tema zI rIte kahevAmAM Ave che. ghareNuM ane jhaverAtathI UbharAtu hiMdustAna! 101 paraMtu bIjI keTalIka vigata bAda karavAnI rahe che. dezI rAjyonA loke aMgreja sarakAranI prajA karatAM pramANamAM vadhu samRddha che; eTale teo svAbhAvika rIte vadhu ghareNAM pahere che tathA vadhAre sonuM cAMdI saMdhare che. sAmAnya rIte dezIrAjyanI prajAne kula vepAramAM 3 thI paNa vadhAre hisso hoya che eTale sonAcAMdInI kula AmadAnImAMthI paNa temane 1 bhAga bAda karavo joIe. to pachI aMgrejI prajAne bhAge dara varSe mAthA dITha 3 AnAnuM sonuM ke cAMdI Ave ! ApaNe muMbaI IlAkAne ja dAkhalo laIe. tenA vepAranA AMkaDA tapAsazo te mAlUma paDaze ke, rajapUtAnA, bhayahiMda ane nijhAma haidrAbAdanAM dezI rAjyo jeTalI kiMmatano bhAla muMbaI thaIne paradeza mokale che, ane jeTalI kiMmatano bahArathI maMgAve che, te be vacce 7,13,05,796 rUpiyAne taphAvata che. eTale ke, teone ATalA rUpiyA mAlamAM nahi paNa rokaDa nANAM athavA sonAcAMdIrUpe pAchA maLe che. hiMdustAnamAM AvatAM sonAcAMdI kyAM jAya che, te have badhA samajI zakaze. je bIjI badhI vastuo samAna heta, ane bahArathI AvatAM senAcAMdI deza paradeza caDAvelA mAla upara naphA tarIke AvatAM heta, te ema kahI zakAya ke, vakhata jatAM hiMdustAna jarUra cheDeghaNo saMghara karI zake. paraMtu zrI. dAdAbhAI kahe che tema ? vastusthiti evI che ja nahi. je cAMdI Ave che, te deze karelI nikAsa upara naphA tarIke nathI AvatI. For Private & Personal use only www Bielinary

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102 AbAda hiMdustAna! kharI vAta che tethI UlaTI ja che. je huM 20 pAuMDane mAla kAIne ApuM, ane badalAmAM mane 5 pAuMDane mAlA maLe ane 5 pAuMDanI kiMmatanI cAMdI maLe ane e rIte mane 20 pAuMDanA bhAlanA badalAmAM badhuM thaIne mAtra 10 pAuMDa ja maLatA hoya, te pachI pAMca pAuMDanI cAMdI mane maLe eTale dara varSe huM pAMca pAuMDa jeTalo paisAdAra bana jAuM chuM ema keI kahe, te te pachI mArI saMpatti khare ja IrSAjanaka gaNAvI joIe." je leke A badhI vigata upara dhyAna ApyA vinA, dara varSe dezamAM cAMdI Ave che teTalA uparathI ja deza samRddha banato jAya cheema kahevAnI akkala batAve, temane pelI kIDI jevA ja gaNavA joIe ke, jene mAtra eka kaNa ja khAvA joIto hoya tethI karIne ATha veMtane mANasa peTa paNa na bharAya teTalo eka TukaDo roTale khAvA pAme te joIne Azcarya batAvavA maMDI jAya. A badhuM dhyAnamAM lIdhA bAda paNa eka vastu khyAlamAM rAkhavAnI che ke, IDanA karatAM hiMdustAnamAM, vepAranA vistAranA pramANamAM vadhAre calaNI nANuM joIe che. ane tenuM kAraNa, hiMdustAnamAM pravatI rahelI zAkhanA vyavahAranI agavaDa che, je sudhAravA sarakAre dhyAna ApyuM nathI. * ghareNAM ane jhaverAtathI UbharAtuM hiMdustAna! 103 A badhI vastuo joyA bAda samajAze ke dezamAM AvatAM senAcAMdInuM zuM thAya che. temAMne ghaNe moTo bhAga te vepAranA sAmAnya vyavahAra mATe joIe che ane tene mATe ja vaparAya che. chatAM bahArathI AvatAM sonAcAMdInA pramANe upara ja jeo dezanI saMpattine hisAba kADhavA jAya che temane eka ja vAta kahevI basa thaze ke, je varSe dezamAM vadhAremAM vadhAre sencAMdI AvyAM hatAM, te ja varSe eTale ke I. sa. 1877-78mAM ja AkhA dezamAM bhayaMkaramAM bhayaMkara dukALa paDyo hato ! vaLI bIjI eka dalIla e karavAmAM Ave che ke, dezamAM karoDo rUpiyAnuM jhaverAta peTIomAM paDI raheluM che; lokone jarajhaverAta vAparavAnI Teva vadhAre hovAthI je paisA vepAraudyogamAM rokAyelA hovA joIe. te AvI AvI nakAmI vastuomAM rokAI rahe che. mi. Deniyala kahe che ke, AkhA dezamAM nahi nahi te 4 abaja 50 lAkha rUpiyAnuM jhaverAta paDeluM che. have te sAhebane 30 varSa upara karelo kAraNag = vastusthiti tarIke svIkArI laI e, temaja dhyAnamAM rAkhIe ke e jarajhaverAta lokee aMgrejonA rAjyamAM pedA nathI karyuM paNa jamAnAothI peDhI dara piDhI temane vArasAmAM maLeluM che, tema chatAM koIne * judA judA dezomAM daza lAkhanI vastIe beMkanuM pramANa nIce mujaba che (I. sa. 1925): - iMglaMDa 285, amerikA 256, japAna 92, hiMdustAna 2. temAM paNa I. sa. 1913 pachI hiMdustAnamAM 90 beMko phaDacAmAM gaI, tethI beMko upara lokone avizvAsa vadhato gayo. gAmaDAMmAM zAhukAranI pratiSThA sarakAre ochI karI nAkhI che. AvI sthitimAM najIvI AvakamAMthI paNuM je kAMI bacata haya, te lAke bIje kyAM rAkhe ? A kAraNe loko tenArUpa tarapha najara na nAkhe te zuM kare ? For Private & Personal use only

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ghareNu ane jhaverAtathI UbharAtuM hiMdustAna! 105 ane vepAraudyogamAM nathI nAkhatA. paNa huM e savAla pU chuM chuM ke aMgrejo je paisA beMkamAM ane zeromAM roke che te badhA pitAnAM jarajavAhara, rezama ane UnanA sUTa, pitAnAM jhuMmare, takhatAo, pheTogrApha, kaLAnA namUnAo, zebhAnAM ramakaDAM ane pUtaLAM e badhuM vecI vecIne mUke che ke te badhuM kharIdyA pachI je bAkI rahe che te mUke che? 104 AbAda hiMdustAna ! hiMdustAnanI e garIbAI joI ne duHkha thavAne badale tenI e saMpatti joI Azcarya zI rIte thAya te samajI zakAtuM nathI. kAraNa ke, Deniyale jaNAvelI saMpatti moTe bhAge lokone vArasAmAM maLelI che. te saMpatti vastImAM vahecI devAmAM Ave, te mANasa dITha 14 rUpiyAnI kiMmatanI paNu bhAge nathI AvatI. Ane te "daTAyelIsaMpatti kahevI joIe ke, nAgI, ughADI, bhayaMkara garIbAI gaNavI joIe ! hiMdustAna viSe beTI khoTI vAta karanAra sTrecIe paNa AmanI sabhAnI kamiTI AgaLa bhAra daIne kahyuM hatuM, " hiMdustAnamAM cAre bAju vyApI rahelI garIbAIne vicAra kare, loke pAse bhegI thayelI mUDInA taddana abhAva upara vicAra kare." lokone atyAre je devuM che, tene ja saravALe gaNIe te paNa Deniyala sAhebanuM jhaverAta te kyAMya UDI jAya, ane loko pAse eka pAInI kiMmatanI paNa bhegI thayelI ke dATelI " mUDI na rahe. je aMgrejone hiMdustAnanA lekenI ATalI moTI saMpattinI adekhAI Ave che, teonI pitAnI ja saMcita saMpatti jaNa dITha 4500 rUpiyAnI che. te vastu upara teone khyAla ja nathI jatA. vaLI 14 rUpiyAnI saMpattivALA mANasane saMpattimAna, ke samRddhimAna zI rIte kahe te paNa mane samaja nathI paDatI. lagabhaga badhA ja aMgrejo TIkA kare che ke, hiMdustAnanA lake jarajavAharamAM khUba paisA nAkhI mUke che For Private & Personale Only

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hiMdustAnanI lUMTaH tenuM pramANa ane pariNAma AkhI duniyAmAM hiMdustAna jevo eka paNa deza nahi hoya tyAMnI sarakAra potAnI prajAnI sukhasamRddhi vadhyAM ja kare te mATe tanatoDa prayatna nahi karatI hoya, ceDAM varSo agAu je deze hiMdustAnanI sarakhAmaNImAM kaMgALa jaMgalIe hatA te badhA atyAre vepAraudyogamAM tene kyAMya TapI gayo che; mAtra hiMdustAna ja dara varSe garIbAI ane bhUkhamarAmAM sapaDAtuM jAya che. hiMdustAnamAM eka sudharelAmAM sudharelI prajA rAjya kare che; chatAM AvuM kema banatuM jAya che? tenuM kAraNa eka ja che. ane te e ke, hiMdustAnanuM rAjya, tenA lokonI saMpatti kema vadhe te siddhAMta upara nathI calAvavAmAM AvatuM; paraMtu te dezanA paisA ghasaDI jaI pitAnI eTale ke paradezI prajA kema saMpattimAna bane, e siddhAMta upara calAvavAmAM Ave che. hiMdustAnanI lUMTa 107 atyAra sudhI ApaNe hiMdustAnamAMthI dara varSe haMmezane mATe paradeza ghasaDI javAmAM AvatA paisA viSene ullekha vAraMvAra karatA AvyA chIe. paraMtu A prakaraNamAM tenuM pramANu ane tenAM pariNAma jarA vadhu ekasAIthI jovAne prayatna karIe. I. sa. 1898-9nI sAlamAM hiMdustAnamAMthI mAla, khajAne vagere badhuM maLIne 80,086,447 pAuMDanI nikAsa thaI hatI. jyAre, bhAlakhajAna badhuM maLIne paradezathI AyAta 57,531,303 pAuDanI thaI hatI. eTale ke, eka varSanA vahevAramAM ja dezamAMthI haMmezane mATe 22,555,144 pAuMDa eTale ke 34 karoDa 50 lAkha rUpiyA paradeza taNAI gayA hatA. e rakamamAMthI moTo bhAga IgleMDa ja game che. nIce ApelI "homAIsa' (eTale ke, hiMdustAna mATe IMglaMDamAM karavAmAM AvatA kharcanI rakama)nI vigate uparathI samajI zakAze ke, je dezamAM paradezIonuM rAjya na hota, te te rakamamAMthI ghaNA mATe bhAga dezamAMthI paradeza cAlyo gayo na hota. vigata rakama pAuDa 1. devAnA vyAja khAte IMglaDa mekalavI paDatI rakama 8,729,290 [ meTA paradezI pagAradAra rAkhIne, hada uparAMtanuM paradezI lazkara rAkhIne, tathA pitAnA vepAra ane lazkaranI ja sagavaDa khAtara joI e te karatAM vadhAre relavee bAMdhIne A devuM karavAmAM AveluM che. lerDa selibarI

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18 AkhAda hiMdustAna ! kahe che. tema aMgrejoe hiMdustAnane cUsI cUsIne pUNI jevA karI nAkhyA na hota, te ATalI te! zuM paNa tenAthI dasa gaNI sUDI hiMdustAnamAMthI ja maLI rahI heta.] A vyAjanI rakama eTale ke dezanI mAthAdIH 288 AnAnI AvakamAMthI mAthAdI 8 AnA eTale ame bhAgaH eTale ke 11 divasanuM khAdhAkha, ane 10 lAkha paisAdArA khAda karIe, teA AkAnA garIbenI mAthAdITha Avakano me bhAga : eTale ke 18 divasanuM khAdhA, 2. penzana vagerenI rakama eTale ke dezanI mAthAdIH 288 AnAnI AvakamAMthI AnA. eTale rRTa meA bhAga. eTale ke A divasanuM khAdhAkha, uparanI peThe mAtra garIbe ja gaNIe, te 14 divasanuM khAdhAkha 3. sTAra vagerenI kharIdI eTale ke, mAthAdI 1 Ane athavA maiM divasanuM khAdhAkha, athavA mAtra garImA ja gaNIe, te 2 divasanuM khAdhAkha, eTale ke -- 6,464,933 1,18,974 hiMdustAnanI lUTa 109 10 lAkha paisAdAra mANase bAda karatAM dezanA tamAma strI, puruSa ane bALakAnuM mAthAdI 34 divasanuM khAdhAkha IMgleMDane dara varSe vyAja, pagAra, penzana vagere peTe bharavuM paDe che. bIjA zabdomAM, hiMdustAna jevA garIba dezanA dareka strI, puruSa ane bALaka pAsethI pAMca aThavADiyA jeTaluM khAdhAkha paDAvIne duniyAnA eka paisAdAramAM paisAdAra dezane vadhAre paisAdAra karavA dara varSe ApavAmAM Ave che. pariNAme, agreja sarakAranA rAjyamAM dara varSe 20 lAkha mANasA bhUkhe ja TaLavaLatAM marI jAya che; ane 40 lAkha mANasA bhUkhamarAne kAraNe rAgamAM sapaDAI mAtane kinAre jhUkI rahyAM hoya che, emAM kAMI navAI che ? gaI sadInAM chellAM 65 varSathI hiMdustAna aMgrejonA pUrepUrA tAbAmAM AvyA ema kahI zakAya. tyArathI mAMDIne te hiMdustAnamAMthI keTalA rUpiyA ghasaDI gayA che, tenA ApaNe aMdAja kADhIe, 1834-35 thI 1898-99 sudhInAM 65 varSa daramyAna kiMmata pAuMDa dezamAMthI bahAra gayele bhAla ( nikAza ) : 2,274,147,530 bahArathI Avele| mAla ( AyAta ) : dezamAMthI gayA temAM 10 TakA lekhe vepAranA naphA umerA : kula sa 1,889,295,840 444,851,690 44,485,169 489,336,859

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110 AbAda hiMdustAna ! eTale ke, dara varSe : 75,29,798 pAuMDa, sahelI rakama tarIke gaNA : 75,00,000 pAuMDa, AkhA 19mA saikA daramyAna keTaluM nANuM bahAra ghasaDAI gayuM che, te have joI e. 1. mi. meAnTageAmarI mArTinanI gaNatarI pramANe I. sa. 1800thI 1834-35 sudhI iMglaMDe hiMdustAnamAMthI uThAveluM nANuM : vyAja sAthe 2. 1834-35 thI 1900 sudhInI upara jaNAvelI rakamaH pAMca TakA lekhe cakravRddhi vyAja gaNatAM pAuMDa 72 3,000,000 4,187,922,732 kula 4,910,922,732 meM vyAjanA dara pAMca TakA jeTalA ja gaNyA che. paraMtu relave kaMpanIvALA aMgrejo A dezamAMthI ja potAnI mUDI upara dara varSe 99 TakA jeTale naphA uThAvI gayA che te jotAM, uparanI rakama dezamAM ja rahI haiAta te| dezI leAkeAne jarUra vadhAre dara maLyA hAta, haju uparanI rakamamAM theADA sudhArA karavAnA bAkI rahe che. upara me 1834-35 thI 1900 sudhInI rakama aMdAjathI dara varSe 7,500,000 pAuMDanI gaNI che. paraMtu sarakArI AMkaDA pramANe 1834-35 thI 1898-99 sudhImAM hiMdIsarakAre iMgleMDanI iMDiyA oNphisane 610,389,139 pAuMDa bharyAM che; uparAMta ghaDiyA sei iMgleMDamAM hiMdustAnanI lUMTa 111 124,268,605 pAuMDa devuM karIne lIdhA che. A rakameAnA samAveza ApaNe upara gaNelI AyAta nikAzanI rakamekamAM thatA nathI; eTale temane ApaNA hisAbamAM umerI levI ja joI e. pAuMDa upara karelI gaNatarInA navA umeravAnAH 4,910,922,732 iMDiyA eNksinA, pAMca TakA lekhe cakravRddhi vyAja tathA devuM karIne lIdhelA sahitaH 1,169,249,289 kula 6,080,132,021 eTale ke, chellAM 100 varSamAM thaI ne temaNe kula 91 abaja rUpiyA upADyA che. A hisAbe duniyAnA game tevA paisAdAra deza paNu cusAI ne pUNI jevA thaI jAya, temAM zI navAI ! A rakama ja. dezamAM ja rahI hota, tathA dezanA badhA hunnara udyoga paradezIee jANI joI ne kacarI na nAkhyA heta, te tenA vaDe hiMdustAna deza atyAre, vepArahunnara, kaLAkauzalya ` ane keLavaNI-saMskAranI keTalI hade pahoMcyA hAta, tenI kalpanA karI zakAtI nathI. uparAMta, meTA meTA hiMdI vepArIo ane dhedArIonI jagaprasiddha udAratAne kAraNe prajAvate taLAva, madira, dharmazALA, davAkhAnAM, rastA, jhADa, sadAvrata vagere mArate keTalAM sukhazAMti maLyAM hAta, temaja musalamAna bAdazAheAe peAtAnI DahApaNabharI rAjanIti vaDe AkhA dezamAM meATI meTI naherA vaDe lAMbA lAMbA jaLamArgo karI mUkI, dezanAM khetI,

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112 AbAda hiMdustAna ! vepAra ane udyogone keTalAM vikasAvI mUkyAM hota, tenI kalpanA karavI phogaTa che. upara je meM hisAba kADhayo che, te pUrepUrA te nathI ja ema mane Dagale ne pagale lAgyA karyuM" che. kAIka camatkArathI ApaNune hiMdustAnamAMthI ghasaDAI gayelI rakamanA sAcesAce AMkaDA hAtha AvI jAya, teA te upara karelI gaNatarIthI pAMca gaNo, daza gaNeA kesa gaNA moTA hoya te| navAI nahi. chatAM A pustakamAM A rakamathI have huM vadhAre AgaLa javA mAgatA mANasane 91 abajanI saMkhyA ja vicAra mUke, tene tenAthI daza gaNI ke vIsa gaNI . batAvIe teA paNa kAMI ja kuLa AvavAnuM nathI. pariziSTa upara jaNAvelI rakama uparAMta taraph bilakula khedarakAra evI paradezI kRtrima paddhatithI dezane keTaluM nukasAna khyAla vAcaka meLavavA ja joI e. nathI. je karatA na karI meATI rakama dezanA leAkAnA hita sarakAre dUDiyAmaNanI karyuM` che, tenA ceDA ApaNe AgaLa joI AvyA chIe te pramANe, aMgreja amaladArAnAM penzane, iMgleMDathI devuM karIne ANelI rakame| upara vyAje, tathA tyAMnI iDiyA krisanA kha vagere peTe hiMdustAnanI sarakArane dara varSe meTI rakama iMglaMDa bharavI paDe che. hiMdustAnamAM cAMdInANAnuM calaNu che; paraMtu hiMdustAnanI lUMTa 11 iMglaMDamAM, senAnANuM cAlatuM hAvAthI, te rakama sarakArane dUDiyAmaNanA dare pAuMDamAM iMgleMDa bharavI paDe che. I. sa. 187-4nA gALA daramyAna hiMdI sarakArane iMgleMDa bharavAnI rakama dara varSe 11,000,000 pAuMDanI hatI. jyAre dUDiyAmaNane dara rUpiye 23 pensane hatA tyAre hiMdI sarakArane te rakama iMgleMDa mekalavA mATe tijorImAMthI 115,000,000 rUpiyA bharavA paDatA. paraMtu 1895-96mAM iMgleMDa bharavAnI rakama vadhIne 17,50,000 pAuMDanI thaI. have te 23 pensanA ja dara cAlu rahyo hAta, tA sarakArane tijorImAMthI 183,000,000 rUpiyA kADhavA paData. para'tu 1895-96mAM dUDiyAmaNane dara eka rUpiye 14 pensana thaI gayA hatA, eTale tene 183,000,000 rUpiyAne badale 30,000,000 rUpiyA bharavAnA thayA. TUMkAmAM, DiyAmaNanA dara eka rUpiye 27 pensathI paDIne 14 pensanA thavAthI sarakArane 117,000,000 rUpiyA nAhakanA vadhAre bharavAnA thayA, eTale sarakAre dUDiyAmaNanA dara ghaTatA aTakAvavA TaMkazALa baMdha karI, rUpiyAnI achata kRtrima rIte UbhI karI; ane te dara vadhArIne 16 pensane karyAM. pachI sarakAre jAhera karyuM ke, DiyAmaNane dara ghaTatA javAthI dezanI tijorIne iMgleMDa bharavAnI rakamamAM meTuM nukasAna jatuM heAvAthI, havethI te dara vadhArIne rUpiye 16 pensanA sthAyI karavAmAM AvyA che. ema karavAthI tene 300,000,000 rUpiyAne badale 262,500,000 rUpiyA iMgleMDa bharavAnA thayA. eTale ke sarakArane 37,500,000 rUpiyAnI bacata thaI paraMtu kharI rIte sarakAre potAnA

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114 AbAda hiMdustAna ! ATalA nAnA lAbhane kAraNe AkhA dezane keTalA khADAmAM utAryo te have ApaNe joI e. mitra vADiyAe te vastu sacoTa rIte nIce pramANe sAbita karI ApI che. paraMtu temaNe hUMDiyAmaNane bhAva 113 pensathI vadhArIne 16 pensane karyo ema gaNeluM che, te dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM. sarakAra ema kahe che ke, Ama kRtrima rIte hUMDiyAmaNune dara caDAvavAthI prajA upara na kara nAkhyA vinA teNe tijorImAM bacata karI che. paraMtu koI abhaNa mANasane paNa ekadama te zaMkA AvyA vinA na rahe ke, game te mATe jAdugara hoya te paNa te zUnyamAMthI lAkha rUpiyA zI rIte pedA karI zake ? uparAMta, bIjI eka paNa vAta spaSTa che ke, kara bharanArA pAse pahelAM tame 11 pensa letA hatA tene badale have 16 le che e ja kara nAkhyA jevuM nathI ? e vAta have huM dAkhalo ApI siddha karI batAvuM. dhAro ke iMglaMDamAM rUno bhAva 4 pensa eka ratala che. ane hadustAnanA koI kheDUtane sarakArI tijorImAM kara peTe 1 rUpiye bharavAnuM che. have je TUMDiyAmaNane dara, eka rUpiye 11 pensana hoya, te tene 3 ratala karatAM ochuM ? ApavuM paDe. paraMtu te dara vadhIne rUpiye 16 pensane thAya, te spaSTa ja che ke, tene 4 ratala rU ApavuM paDe. eTale ke sarakAre vadhArelA darane kAraNe tene have 1 rUpiyA mATe 1 zera rU vadhAre ApavuM paDe che. eka vAta kharI che ke, A vadhArelA darathI IgleMDathI AvatA mAla have sastA paDe. hiMdustAnanI lUMTa 115 paraMtu koI sudhare deza pitAnA kheDUtonI mUDI ane mahenatathI utpanna thayela nikAsane bhege paradezI mAlanI AyAtane madada karatA haze ? A vastune ja haju vadhAre spaSTa karIe. 18991900mAM ApaNA dezanI kula AyAta 70 karoDa rUpiyAnI hatI ane nikAsa 108 karoDa rUpiyAnI hatI. have je hUMDiyAmaNane dara 1 rUpiye 16 pensane badale 11 pensane hota, te paradezathI AvelA mAlanA ApaNane 70 ne badale 97 karoDa rUpiyA eTale ke 27 karoDa rUpiyA vadhAre ApavA paData. paraMtu teja dare ApaNane ApaNuM 108 karoDanA mAlanA 150 karoDa rUpiyA maLata; eTale ke 42 karoDa rUpiyA ApaNA kheDUtone vadhAre maLata. ene artha e thayo ke, paradezInA mAlanA joke ApaNane 27 karoDa rUpiyA vadhAre ApavA paData, paraMtu tene badale ApaNA garIba kheDUtone 42 karoDa rUpiyA vadhu pajata, vaLI paradezathI AvatA mAla moTe bhAge yuropiyana ane tavaMgara varganA leke ja vAparatA hovAthI, te 27 karoDa rUpiyAmAM kheDUtane te kaMI ja veThavuM paDayuM na hatuM. eTale ApaNe ema jarUra kahI zakIe ke, dUDiyAmaNane dara 11 pensane badale 16 pensa karavAthI kheDUtone cekhA 42 karoDa rUpiyAnI khoTa gaI. "paraMtu kharI rIte te kheDUtane 4ra karoDa rUpiyA karatAM paNu vadhu nukasAna thAya che. oNrDa karjhananA ja AMkaDA pramANe ApaNA dezanI vArSika pedAza 450 karoDa rUpiyAnI che. temAMthI 108 karoDa rUpiyA paradeza caDAvelA mAlanA For Private & Personal use only

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116 AbAda hiMdustAna! bAda karIe, te 342 karoDanI pedAza lokonA vaparAzamAM gaI ema kahI zakAya. have hiMdustAnanI vastIne 90 TakA bhAga kheta che. eTale 308 karoDa rUpiyAnI kiMmata jeTalo bhAga temaNe vAparyo ema kahI zakAya. ane bAkInA 10 TakA bhAge 34 kareDanI pedAza vAparI ema karyuM. paraMtu jorDa karjhananA ja AMkaDA pramANe kheDUtonI vArSika Avaka mAthA dITha 20 rUpiyA che ane kheDUta sivAyanA lokonI 30 rUpiyA che. eTale ke, kheDUta sivAyane 10 TakA loke kharI rIte 34 karoDanI pedAza vAparavAne badale 51 karoDanI vApare che, ema kahyuM. have te 51 kareDane mola kheDUtoe je 16 pensane badale 11 pinsane dare vecyuM hota, te temane 14 karoDa rUpiyA vadhAre UpajyA hota. eTale, kharI rIte kheDUtane 4ra karoDanuM nukasAna nathI gayuM, paNa 56 karoDa rUpiyAnuM gayuM che." eTale ke, sarakAre pitAne igleMDa bharavAnI rakamamAM 10 karoDa rUpiyA bacAvavA jaIne, eka bAju garIba kheDUtone kAco mAla 56 karoDa rUpiyAnI kheATe iMglaMDanA kone sastA vecAvya; tathA bIjI bAju hiMdustAnanA lokone vecelA bhAlanA iMglaMDanA kAne 27 karoDa rUpiyA vadhAre apAvyA. eTale ke, iMglaMDanA lokone kAcA mAla kheDUtone lUMTIne sastA apAvya; ane igleMDane pAke bhAla dezanA pisAdAra lokone lUMTIne ghI kiMmate vecI Apyo. A to kheDUtone ja dAkhalo thaze. paraMtu kaMzALa, baMdha karIne nANAMnI jANI joIne achata UbhI karI, rUpiyA bhAva vadhAravA jatAM sarakAre cAMdI saMdharanArAone hiMdustAnanI lUMTa 117 keTaluM nukasAna karyuM che, tathA bajAramAM calaNI nANuM ochuM thavAthI vepAra rojagAramAM pUratI thApaNa na maLavAne kAraNe vepArIone keTaluM moTuM nukasAna thayuM che, tenI te kalpanA ja karI levI joIe. aMdAjathI ApaNe te kheTanA 30 karoDa mUkIe, te kheDUtanI khoTa sAthe te umeratAM kula rakama 80 karoDanI thAya. * eTale ke paradezanuM ja hita haMmezAM icchanArI paradezI sarakAre hiMdustAnanA lokone jANIjoIne dara varSe 80 karoDanI khaTamAM utAryA che. dara varSe teTalI khATa vyAja sudhdhAM gaNIe ane tene 91 abajanI rakamamAM umerIe, te aMgreja sarakAre dezamAMthI karelI lUMTane kaMIka khyAla vAcakane Avaze.. I. sa. 1927mAM sarakAre haDiyAmaNane bhAva 16 pensane badale 18 pensa TharAvyuM tyAre uparanI gaNatarIe dezane keTaluM nukasAna gayuM tene aMdAja nIce mujaba che: sarakArane iMgleMDa bharavAnI rakamamAM phAyado 5 karoDa rUpiyA. paradezI mAlanI AyAtamAM lAbha dezI mAlanI nikAsamAM nukasAna kheDUtone nikAsa thatA mAla sivAyanA mAlanA vecANamAM nukasAna vepArIone nukasAna 70 , , For Private & Personal use only

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8 hiMdustAnamAM garIbAi che ja nahi : hAya tA dekhAtI kema nathI ? kAI paNa aMgreja amaladArane hiMdustAna dezanA leAkeAnI garIbAi ke bhUkhamarAnI vAta karIe chIe, ke tarata tenAM bhavAM caDI jAya che, nasaMkArAM phUlI jAya che ane kapALamAM karacalIo sAthe tiraskAra tathA dayAthI UbharAtI najare, tenI sAme khelavAnI hiMmata karanAra uparathI potAnI AMkha pAchI pheravI laI, khabhA halAvatA tarata cAlatA thAya che. tenA tiraskAra, du:kha ane bhUkhamarAnI hakIkata sAme nathI hotA, paNa aMgreja sarakAranA rAmarAjyamAM leAkA bhUkhe mare che tevuM khelavAnI hiMmata karanAra pelA " harAmakhAra " pratye hAya che. 'hiMduratAnamAM garIbaI che ja nahi' hiMdustAna du:khI che ? jarA paNu nahi. mAchImAreAna gAmaDAMne ThekANe UbhAM thayelAM muMbaI ane kalakattA tarapha jara najara karavAnI te| tasdI le!! tyAM miniTe miniTe cIse pADatI ane ghughavATA karatI pavanavege doDatI mAlakhajAnAtha sAhasa bharelI gADIe ane sTImarA tarapha jue; tyAMna gaganacUMbI mahele taraph najara karA; leAkeAnI dhamAla bajAranA vepAra ane vAhanA tathA rAhadArIothI kIDIonI peke rAtadivasa UbharAtA temanA vizALa rastAe tarapha AMkha kareA - ane pachI khelavA AvA ke hiMdustAna garIba thatA jAya che ! pI. e. kapanInI meTAmAM meTI sTImaranI pharsTa klAsa kaikhInamAMthI UtarIne pahelI vAra apeAleA baMdara upaH paga mUkanAra paradezI musAphara paNa mehamayI nagarInA AkA sAthe vAteA karatA prAsAde ane minArAe, suMdara tatha kImatI mAlathI bharelI meATI meTI manArama dukAna, a dhaMdhAdArIo tathA gharAkAthI gAjI rahelI zerIe joI ne tathA hiMdustAnanI e badhI pragati, unnati ane samRddhinuM kAraNa aMgrejo ane temanuM rAjya che te jANIne, temanA tarapha dhanyavAdanI lAgaNIthI gaLagaLA bane che. pachI mi. sTevansanA kahyA pramANe, " duniyAnA sauthI bhavyamAM bhavya vikaTeriyA sTezana " para thaI ne te malabAra hilanA kAka baMgalAmAM athavA dirayAkinArA paranI yurepiyA mATenI khAsa haoNTelamAM eka rAta vizrAMti kare che, bIje divase suMdara lattAe, suMdara myUjhiyamA ane gADAmAM UDatI mulAkAta, meTAmeTA pratiSThita yuropiyana mitrAne ghera nimatraNe| ane......... ityAdi 11

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Akhada hiMdustAna ! AvA prathama anubhava sAthe pahelA varganA resToranTa kAra sAthenA relave DabbAmAM pachI tenI hiMdustAnanI " Azcarya janaka tathA AnaMdapUrNa " musApharI zarU thAya che. cAre bAju ane 'kazane jaMkazane, leAkAnI samRddhi ane vepAra udyoganA dhyAna kheMce tevA dAkhalA jotA jotA te AgaLa vadhe che. hiMdustAnanAM medAne vacce thaIne mela TrenanI jhaDape doDatI AgagADInA DabbAmAMthI hiMdustAnanA kahevAtA garIba kheDUtAnuM kAMI cihna mAlUma paDe che ke nahi te jovAnA te prayatna kare che, tene kahevAmAM AvyuM hAya che ke, hiMdustAnanA 80 TakA bhAga kheDUto che, paNa temanAM gAmaDAM karyAM che ? te kheDUtA kyAM che? ahIM tahIM kAI vAra mATInAM jhUMpaDAMnuM ekAda TALuM tenI najara AgaLa thaI ne dhasI jatuM tene dekhAya che, paNa temAM mANase rahetAM heAya tema te mAnI zakAya ema hetuM nathI. eTale te jUnA vakhatanAM tajI devAyelAM gAmaDAMnI bhIMtAnAM khaMDera ja hAvAM joI e. alhAbAda ! kalakattA! dArjiliMga! dillI! AgrA ! pachI ekAda divasa madrAsa ane ane te raguna, Ama badhe ja yuropiyana haoNTeleAmAM UtarIne tathA meTarAmAM esIne hiMdustAnanI sthiti viSe jAte karelI tapAsa " have pUrI thAya che. ane bIje mahine yureApanA uttamamAM uttama chApakhAnAmAM suMdara suMdara phoTAovALuM " pramANabhUta pustaka chapAvA lAge che. '' A kAMI kalpanAmAMthI upajAvI kADheluM varNana nathI. pArlamenTanA eka sabhAsada I. sa. 1900-1901mAM A dezamAM 20 'hiduratAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi' 121 * musApharIe AvyA hatA. te va, lorDa karjhananA peAtAnA zabdomAM, " hiMdustAnamAM kadI nahi paDelA evA bhayaMkaramAM bhayaMkara " dukALanA varSa pachInuM varSa hatuM. paraMtu te sagRhasthe pete " jAte karelI tapAsa"nuM pariNAma batAvatA eka kAgaLa lekhakane lakheaA, temAMthI nIcenA utArA huM vAcaka AgaLa rajU karu chuM:-- 'huM gayA ziyALAmAM hiMdustAnanI musApharIe gayA hatA, meM the|DA divasa muMbaI, kalakattA, dArjiliMga, banArasa, lakhanau, kAnapura, AgrA, dillI, ane jayapuramAM gALyA hatA. mane hiMdustAnanA leke khUba ja gamyA, ane mArA mana upara temanI ghaNI sArI asara thaI. meM kyAMya garIbAI ke bhUkhamarAnuM nAmanizAna paNa joyuM hi . . zaheranA dezI leAkAnA lattAo paNa udyoga ane AnaMdathI UbharAtA lAgyA, tathA temanAM bALakA mane nIrAgI ane haSTapuSTa lAgyAM; relave mArga upara jovAmAM AvatAM gAmaDAM, khetarA ke kheDUtA uparathI mane ema na lAgyuM ke teo kAI mahA vipattimAM sapaDAyelA hAya. . . muMbaI ! kalakattA ! dArjiliMga, AgrA, dillI, jayapura ! ksTa klAsanA DabbAmAM, saMpUrNa sukha ane zAMti sAthe karelI A musAkarIne hiMdustAnanI musAkarI kahevI e ja haDahaDatuM jUThThANuM che. e badhAM zaherA iMglaMDanAM zaherA jevAM ja, aMgrejonAM vaselAM ke vasAvelAM zahere che, te badhAM ja aMgrejonA vepAranAM mukhya mathaka che tathA temAM rahetA dezI kSeAkeA paNa e vepAranA dalAle, gumAstAo ke pheriyAe hAya che. 39

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122 AbAda hiMdustAna ! jema kaI mATe dhodha ethI paDatuM hoya te tenI AjubAjunI jamIna paNa tenA chAMTA ane pharapharathI bhInI thaI jAya che. tema e zahera dezamAMthI taNAtI moTI saMpattinA dhaMdhanAM mukhya mathake mAtra hAI temAM dekhAtI dezIonI saMpatti paNa e dhodhanI pharaphararUpa hoya che. te bhAga hiMdustAna nathI : tenuM nAma daglistAna che. iglistAnamAM gaganacuMbI mahe che, vIjaLInI battAe ane TrAme che, tyAMnAM meTAMmoTAM bajAromAM rAtadivasa dhamAla ane gIradI rahe che, tyAM zrImaMta kuTuMba ane moTA meTA amaladArane AnaMda mATe suMdaramAM suMdara tathA cheka chevaTanI sudharelI DhabanAM AnaMda, meja ane vizrAMtine sthAne hoya che. tyAMnA lokone pozAka paNa sudharelI Dhabane tathA bhapakAbaMdha hoya che. . . . badhuM ja che. paNa tethI zuM thaI gayuM ? iglistAnamAM dezanI kula vastIne paMdara TakA jeTalo bhoga paNa nathI. paradezI musAphare, vAIsaroya sAheba ke hiMdI vajIra jyAre hiMdustAnanAM sukha, samRddhi ane sudhArAnAM tatUDAM kUkatA hoya che, tyAre te kharI rIte glistAnanI vAta ane vigato ja ApatA hoya che. hiMdustAnanI vAta kadI temAM hotI nathI. temane pitAne ja hiMdustAnanI vAta ane vigatenI khabara hotI nathI. sarakArI riperTImAM je naitika ane bhautika pragatinI vAta karI hoya che, te badhI iglistAnane ja lAgu paDe che. temAM dezanI mAhitInA je cekasa AMkaDAo hoya che, te badhA paNa IglistAnane lagatA ja ke IMglistAnane jarUrI evA ja hoya che. 'hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 123 hiMdustAnanI sthiti viSenA AMkaDA temAM hotA ja nathI. kAraNa ke, te jANI joIne taiyAra karavAmAM AvatA nathI. te jANavAthI IglistAnane lAbha nathI eTaluM ja nahi paNa kadAca te jANavAmAM Ave te IglistAnamAM cAlI raheluM manahara svama tUTI jAya ! tethI karIne jyAre hiMdustAnane viSe kAMI paNa nivedana karavAnuM hoya che, tyAre sarakArI riperTe "dhAraNAo" "aMdAjeane "mAnyatAo " rajU karavA besI jAya che. lorDa karjhana upara jyAre AkSepa karavAmAM Avyo ke, temanA amala daramyAna hiMdustAna dazakA pahelAM hatuM tethI paNa vadhu garIba banyuM che, tyAre teo sAhebane paNa te vAtane javAba ApavA mATe cokkasa AMkaDA nahi paNa kalpanAone ja AdhAra levo paDyo. teo sAheba bolyA keH "hiMdustAnanI mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka 1880 mAM 27 rUpiyA hatI. jyAre hAlamAM (1899-1900 ) te vadhIne 30 rUpiyA thaI che. huM ema nathI kahevA mAgatuM ke, meM rajU karelA AMkaDA cokkasa che. te AMkaDAo taiyAra karavAmAM aMdAja ane kalpanAone DeghaNo AdhAra levo ja paDo che. . . . ." zA mATe ? dezanA 85 TakAnI vastI viSe jyAre kaMI nirNaya karavAne Ave, tyAre kalpanAo ane aMdAjethI ja zA mATe calAvavuM joIe, te samajI zakAtuM ja nathI. temAM khAsa karIne kheDUtenI bhayaMkara durdazA viSe te varSo thayAM sarakArI ke binasarakArI lekhakoe bUma uThAvelI che, chatAM sarakAra te viSenA AMkaDA zA mATe taiyAra karAvatI nathI ? sarakAranI A bedarakArInuM kharuM kAraNa huM AgaLa For Private & Personal use only

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AbAda hiMdustAna! 124 upara jaNAvIza, atyAre te ApaNe prastuta vAta upara ja dhyAna ApIe. te pachI sarakAre UbhA karelA e paDadA pAchaLa zuM che? e hatabhAgya hiMdustAnamAM kharI rIte zuM cAlI rahyuM che? tenI kharI sthiti zuM che? ApaNe tene thoDe ghaNe khyAla paNa meLavI zakIe tema chIe ke nahi? raziyAne jhAra jyAre yuvarAja hato, tyAre hiMdustAnamAM Avyo hato. teNe kahyuM ke : "hiMdustAna hatabhAgya deza che." sara mekenjhI vaeNlese kahyuM hatuM ke, "hiMdustAna garIba deza che." ApaNe badhA kahIe chIe ke, "hiMdustAna kaMgALa deza che." paNa te keTale, ke garIba che? tene kaMIka Acho khyAla paNa ApaNane maLI zakaze ke nahi ? jarUra maLI zake tema che. sarakAre hiMdustAnanI ADe Ubhe karela banAvaTI paDade kaI koI vAra khasI jAya che, tyAre eka kSaNapUratuM AkhuM hiMdustAna ApaNI najare paDI jAya che. atyAra sudhImAM AvuM nIcene prasaMge baneluM che ? 1. erasA dukALakamizana-1867. 2. dakSiNanAM hullaDa mATenuM kamizana-1877. 3. dukALakamizana-1879-80. 4. kheDUte ane majUranI Arthika tapAsa-1888. 5. paMjAba-rAvalapiMDI vibhAganA kheDUtonI devAdAra sthitinI ane jamInanI mAlikI hakanI pheraphArInI tapAsa1895-6. 6. dukALakamizana-1897-98. 'hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 125 upara jaNAvyA jevA keTalAka vikaTa prasaMgoe sarakArane paDadA pAchaLa jarA najara karavAnI pharaja paDe che. paDadA pAchaLathI AvatA lAkha mANasenA kolAhalane kAraNe sarakArane pitAnA nAcatamAsA thoDI vAra baMdha karI, te harAmakhora lokone zAMta karavA jarA tasdI levI paDe che. paNa te badamAsane jarA paTAvI banAvIne ke chetarI ThagIne zAMta karyA bAda, pharI paDado tenI jagAe AvI jAya che, ane baMdha raheluM nRtya zarU thAya che. paraMtu khabaradAra ! te badhAmAMnuM kazuM raMgabhUminA prekSakone jANavA devAmAM AvatuM nathI. temane te mAtra eTaluM ja kahevAmAM Ave che ke, jarA chamakaluM thayuM hatuM, kAMI agatyanI vAta na hatI. paNa have badhuM ja barAbara che; tamAre lokone saheja paNa ucATa karavAnI jarUra nathI. cAlavA de, pharI nRtya zarU thavA de, kAMI ja banyuM na hatuM, badhuM ja barAbara che, kazuM ja bagaDe tema nathI. eTale te badhI tapAsanI vigatonA riperTI kadI bahAra pADavAmAM nathI AvatA. temane tarata ja "khAnagI" tarIke noMdhIne kabATamAM baMdha karI devAmAM Ave che. prajAne te mAtra te riporTo uparathI sarakAre bahAra kADhelI " tAravaNIo thI ja saMtoSa mAnavAne hoya che. ane temAM uparanI upamAmAM jaNAvyuM che tema, eka ja vAta hoya che : "badhuM ja barAbara che, kAMI ja banyuM na hatuM, kazuM ja bagaDe tema nathI." For Private & Personal use only

Page #75
121 AbAda hidustAna ! huM A prakaraNamAM te riperTImAMthI thoDI muddAsara vigata ApavAnA chuM. te uparathI kharA hiMdustAnanI za sthiti che, te vAcaka joI zakaze. uparAMta vAcaka e paNa joI zakaze ke, kevI bhayaMkara vigatA ripoTa mAM bhegI thayela hovA chatAM, sarakAra OM peTe prajAne temAMthI kevI tAravaNI kADhI Ape che: " badhuM ja barAbara che -- kazuM ja bagaDe tema nathI," prathama huM paMjAba, saMyukta prAMteA ane muMbaI ilAkA e traNa viSe utArAo ApIza. ane tyAra bAda bIjA prakaraNamAM AkhA hiMdustAnanA prAMtavAra utArAo ApIza. A badhA utArAo sarakAre bhegI karelI vigatomAMthI lIdhelA che. eTale temAM kaI ke atizayokti hAya, te te UlaTI taraphanI ja hAya. sarakArI amaladAroe kaI ke kheDUtAnI sthiti echI bhayaMkara dekhAya tevA ja prayatna karyo haze. khAsa karIne te huM vAcakane te utArAomAM ApelA keTalAka kheDUteAnA vyaktigata dAkhalAo upara dhyAna ApavAnI vinaMti karuM chuM. ane te dAkhalAe| sarakArI amaladArAe " sArI sthitinA kheDUtonA namUnA tarIke lIdhelA che. eTale, kheDUtAnA meTA varganI sthiti tethI paNa vadhu bhayaMkara che, ema sAthe sAthe ja vAcaka samajI levuM joI e. pa'jAma mi. theATana rAvalapiMDInA kamiznara hatA. temane paMjAbanA gavarnare 1894-95mAM kheDUtAnI kahevAtI kaMgALa 127 'hi'dustAnamAM garIbaI che ja nahi' hAlata ane muzkelIenI tapAsa karI ripoTa karavAnuM kahyuM. te anusAra temaNe A prAMtamAMthI cAra judA judA vibhAgA peAtAnI tapAsa mATe nakkI karyAM. te cAra vibhAgA 1000 ceArasa mAIla jeTalA vistAramAM patharAyelA hatA. ane temAM 535 gAmaDAMmAM thaIne 3 lAkha mANasAnI vastI hatI. temaNe badhI jAtanA purAvAo bhegA karyAM ane te badhA prAmANika che tenI pUratI khAtarI karI joI, te purAvAonI vigatA bhegI karavAmAM temaNe 6 mAhanA gALyA hata, ane te uparathI riporTa taiyAra karavAmAM bIjA e mahinA gALyA hatA. te jaNAve che : " mArI A tapAsane kAraNe eka vastu te nirvivAda puravAra thayelI che ke, judI judI jAtanA kheDUtAthI kheDAtA, ekabIjAthI ghaNe dUra judI judI AbehavA ane bhaugAlika paristhitimAM AvelA, kuvAvALA ke mAtra varasAda upara ja AdhAra rAkhanArA, ~~ game te bhAgA le, paNa dareka ThekANe sAdhAraNa ke sArAM varSamAM paNa kheDUtane ziyALAmAM ane vasaMtaRtumAM khAvAnuM anAja, tathA vAvaNInA divaseAmAM A devuM karIne ja lAvavAM paDe che. jo varSa tha uMka paNa nabaLu Ave, to te bIje ja hite tene mahesUla paNa devuM karIne ja bharavuM paDe che. A sthiti pahelethI devAmAM sapaDAyelA kheDUtAnI tA sArAM varSomAM paNa hAya che. paraMtu saheja nabaLA varSamAM devA vinAnA, sArI sthitinA kheDUtAnI paNa e ja dazA hAya che. " kheDUto karakasariyA hAtA nathI, TaMTAbakheDA karI kArTomAM dAvA laDayA kare che athavA te hada uparAMtanA uDAu

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128 AbAda hiMdustAna ! hAya che, te kAraNe temane devuM thAya che ema kahevuM nakAmuM che. A tapAsane piraNAme temAMnI eka paNa vAta sid thatI nathI. " kheDUtAnA A devAnA meATA bhAga sarakAranuM mahesUla bharavAne mATe UbhA thayelA hoya che. pahelAM pajAbamAM kAI zAhukAra ja nahAtA ke leAkeAne devuM karavuM ja paDatuM na hatuM, ema kahevAne mArA Azaya nathI. paraMtu eTaluM huM jarUra kahevA mAguM chuM ke, ApaNA rAjya pahelAM zAhukAra kheDUtAnA dAsa hatA ane Azrita hatA. paraMtu ApaNA rAjya daramyAna te te kheDUtAnA kula mAlika thaI beThA che. " me haMmezAM mAnyuM che ke, daravarSe amuka cesa rAveluM mahesUla levAnI ApaNI pahita kheDUtone bahu muzkelImAM utAranArI che. kAraNa ke, vAravAra AvatAM nabaLAM varSo daramyAna tene kAraNe temane potAnA mahesUlanA pUrepUrA hissA bharavA mATe anivAya rIte devAmAM sapaDAvuM paDe che. piraNAme bIje varSe pAka khaLAmAM paNa AvyA nathI hotA, tyAM te AgalA varSonA devA peTe ke vyAja peTe temanA meATA bhAga zAhukAra uDAvI jAya che, bAkInuM je kaMI rahe, temAMthI navA varSanuM mahesUla bharavAnuM te pAchuM AvIne UbhuM ja rahe che. ane pachI AkhuM varSa teNe ke tenA kuTuMbe khAvuM zuM? eTale, devAnuM te cakra cAlatuM ja rahe che ane varSe varSe te vadhu ne vadhu banatuM jAya che. pramANamAM kAyamanuM * 'hiM'dustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi ' 129 " ema kahevuM ke ApaNe ApaNA kAyadAmAM yeAgya prasaMge mahesUla meAkU rAkhavAnI ke mArka karavAnI sudhdhAM chUTa rAkhelI che eTale kheDUtane khAsa saMjogAmAM jarUra rAhata maLI zake tema hoya che, e nakAmuM che. agamacetIne abhAve, satya hakIkatanA jJAnane abhAve, samayane abhAve, tathA jeTaluM kAma avazya karavAnuM hAya che tethI vadhAre kAma karavAnI tasdI levAnI nAmarane kAraNe kalekTarA ceAgya samaye mahesUla meAkUka rAkhavAnI vyavasthA ja karatA nathI, te pachI mahesUla bilakula mApha karavA mATe upalA amaladArAne je cAsa AMkaDA taiyAra karI ApavA joI e, tenI tA vAta ja zI karavI? uparAMta sarakArane paNa mahesUla te joI e ja, eTale mahenata karIne paNa tame game teTalA purAvA, AMkaDA ke vigatA pUrI pADA, tApaNu potAnA aMdAjapatranI vyavasthAmAM pheraphAra karIne mahesUla mApha karavAnI sarakAranI dAnata ja hAtI nathI.. mArA prAMtamAM jyArathI huM kamiznara thayA chuM, tyArathI kadI paNa mahesUla meAkUka rAkhavAmAM AvyuM hAya ke mA karavAmAM AvyuM hoya, tema mane yAda nathI AvatuM. AkhA prAMtanA vArSika 15 lAkhanA mahesUlamAMthI chellAM 30 varSa daramyAna mUkta 6450 rUpiyA mAkUka rAkhavAmAM AvyA che ane 1694 rUpiyA mApha karavAmAM AvyA che. joke vAstavika rIte te 30 varSamAMthI 12 karatAM vadhAre varSoM bilakula nabaLAM AvyAM hatAM, ane ghAsanA dukALA teA keTalAya paDaDyA hatA." have ApaNe temaNe bhegI karelI vigatA upara AvIe,

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130 AbAda hiMdustAna! pite tapAselAM 474 gAmaDAnA temaNe traNa varga pADayA che : () pharI kadI chUTe nahi tevI rIte devAmAM sapaDAyelAM, (1) gaMbhIra rIte devAmAM sapaDAyelAM, (6) sAmAnya rIte devAmAM sapaDAyelAM. te dareka varganAM gAmaDAMnI saMkhyA nIce pramANe che. kula 474 gAmaDAMmAMthI 8 varganAM 126 gAmaDAM : kadI chUTe nahi te rIte devAmAM sapaDAyelAM mAM ,, 210 , gaMbhIra rIte devAmAM sapaDAyelAM 6 , 138 , sAmAnya rIte devAmAM sapaDAyelAM - kula 474 kula kheDANa jamIna leNadAronA hAthamAM gayelI ekara ekara vargamAM 64,094 27,76 5 mAM , 143,149 29,672 5,456 leNadAranA hAthamAM soMpAyelI nahi paNa gIro mukAyelI jamIna : 2,826 vepArIone vecI dIdhelI jeo leNadAra gaNAtA nathI : 1,759 301,919 kula 67,478 22 TakA leNadAronuM devuM: rUpiyA : 6,84,398 10,77,105 2,16,500 kula 19,78,003 hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 131 mAlikI haka sAthenA gIra upara lIdheluM devuM 18,75,086 sAmAnya gIro. 1.13,679 kula devuM 39,66,762 amuka khAsa bAra gAmanI hAlata ekara Tako kula kheDANa jamIna : 13,771 100 temAMthI leNadAra vagerene apAyelI jamInaH 7,rara9 53 e ja 12 gAmanAM 74ra kuTuMbamAMthI 56 6 kuTuMba atyAre badhI rIte pAyamAla thayelAM ke devAmAM DUbelAM che." A tapAsano riporTa pUro karyA bAda aMte mi. tharbana pitAne viSe be zabdo uccAre che, te temAM rahelI UMDI lAgaNI ane vedanAne kAraNe khAsa dhyAnamAM levA jevA che. mane hiMdustAnamAM nokarI karatAM 31 varSa thayAM. temAM chevaTanAM 12 varSathI huM sarakArane kheDUtanA vikaTa praznane tapAsIne kAMIka nirNaya upara AvavAne bhArapUrvaka vinaMti karyA karuM chuM. paNa tenuM kAMI ja pariNAma AvyuM nathI. mAro A vakhatane prayatna paNa je niSphaLa jAya, to hiMdustAnamAM meM gALelI mArI jiMdagI niSphaLa ja gaI ema mane lAge, ane huM nirAza thaIne vAnaprastha ja thaI jAuM. keTalAMya varSothI huM sarakArI riporTamAM ane khAnagI prasiddha karelAM pustakamAM kaheto Avyo chuM ke, sarakAra je haju paNa kAMI pagalAM levAnI dAnata na kare, te te ke upara anyAya ane atyAcAra ja kare che ema kahevuM joIe. For Private & Personal use only www Bielinary

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132 AbAda hiMdustAna! meM vAraMvAra A agatyanI vAta sarakAranA dhyAna upara pharI pharI ANyA karI che ke, badhAya kheDUte have dara varSe devAmAM vadhu ne vadhu dabAtA jAya che ane temanAM khetaro vadhu ne vadhu saMkhyAmAM zAhukAranA hAthamAM jatAM jAya che. meM tapAselAM gAmaDAMmAMthI 126 gAmaDAMnA ardhA uparAMta kheDUte kaI paNa rIte bacAvI na zakAya teTalA pAyamAla thaI gayA che. chatAM, haju paNa sarakAra cete te bAkInAeAne bacAvI zakAya tema che. badhA ja kheDUte dhImedhIme raziyAnA "adhIke "nI sthitie paheMcatA jAya che, e jANavA chatAM sarakAra kazuM ja karavA mAgatI nathI zuM? raziyAnA "adhIke "ne te temanI pAyamAlI ane adhogatimAM paNa eka AzvAsana che ke, temanA leNadAro ane rAjakartAe badhA raziyana ja che. paraMtu hiMdustAnamAM te mUDIbhara paradezI aMgrejonuM rAjya che ane temane kAraNe dezanA kheDUtavarga aDadhA paMjAbamAM dharmathI paNa judA evA leNadAronA paMjAmAM sapaDAIne pAyamAla thato jAya che." 'hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 133 bAju bUmo pADI rahyA hatA ke, hiMdustAna kaMgALa banatuM jAya che. eTale teNe 1887mAM A badhA AkSe kharA che ke khoTA che, tathA je te kharA hoya te zAM pagalAM levAM jarUrI che, e nakakI karavA, khAsa cUMTI kADhelA, anubhavI amaladAronI eka tapAsasamiti nImI. 15 mAsa pachI, te tapAsanAM pariNAme jANI lIdhA bAda, tathA lerDa DapharInane - hiMdustAna choDI javAne be mahinAnI vAra hatI tyAre. 1888 nA kaTobaramAM eka TharAva pasAra karavAmAM AvyuM. te TharAvamAM, lokone du:ja nathI ema te kahevAmAM na ja AvyuM; paNa eTaluM te spaSTa zabdomAM kahevAmAM AvyuM ke, "lokeAnI kahevAtI kharAba sthiti viSe nakAmo bhaya rAkhavAnuM jarA paNa kAraNa nathI." te tapAsasamitinA riporTe prasiddha na ja karavAmAM AvyA. mAtra dareka jillAnA, vibhAganA ke prAMtanA adhikArIoe pote ja bhegI karelI vigate ane karelI tapAsa uparathI, je tAravaNI ke saMkSepa taiyAra karI Apyo hatA, te ja bahAra pADavAmAM Avyo. pelA mULa riporTone te "khAnagI " tarIke noMdhIne dabAvI devAmAM AvyA. paraMtu mi. breDalee pArlameMTamAM te riperTone paNa prasiddha karavAnI bhArapUrvaka mAgaNI karavAthI, hiMdI vajIre AmanI sabhAnA Tebala upara temAMnA keTalAka bhAga mUkyA. (jema ke madrAsane bhAga nathI mUkyo . te riporTamAMthI huM saMkhyAbaMdha utArAo ApavAne chuM. sAthe sAthe hiMdI sarakAre tenI ane duniyAnI jANa mATe upara jaNAvelI je 'tAravaNI' prasiddha karI che, temAMne saMyukta prAMte leDa DapharInane jyAre nokarI pUrI thavAne vakhata AvyA, tyAre pitAnA amala daramyAna lokenI zI vale thaI che, te jANavAnI dilamAM khaTaka thavA lAgI. viliyama haMTare lakhyuM hatuM ke, dezamAM 4 karoDa mANase haMmezAM aDadhAM bhUkhyAM rahe che. sara cArlsa iliyaTe lakhyuM hatuM ke, "kheDUtanI aDadhoaDadha vastI, peTabharIne khAvuM e zuM che te vastu ja jANatI nathI." temaja koMgresavALA paNa cAre For Private & Personal use only www. nary

Page #79
134 AbAda hiMdustAna ! thoDA bhAga paNa ApatA jaIza. jethI, vAcaka peAtAna meLe joI zakaze ke, keTalI bhayakara garIbAI a kagAliyatanI vigate peAtAnI najara sAme ughADI paDI hova chatAM, sarakAra kSeAkAne raMgavA mATe kevAM jUThThANAM bahA prasiddha kare che. [jyAM te tAravaNInA bhAga TAMkyA haze, tyAM " tAravaNI evA zabda vAparyo haze; e vAcake dhyAnamAM rAkhavuM. bAkInA bhAga mULa ripoTa nA che. saMyukta prAMtAnA eTA jillA viSe tyAMnA anubhavI kalekaTara peAtAnI " tAravaNI '"mAM kahe che ke : " A jillAnA kheDUto haSTapuSTa tathA khUba khAtApItA lAMkA che. temanA pozAka paNa temanA rItiravAjane anusarIne pUratA hoya che. anAjanA bhAva behada caDI gayA hovA chatAM lUTATanA gUnA thatA hoya ke bhikhArIenI saMkhyAmAM ekadama ghaNA meTA vadhArA thaI gayA. hAya, ema lAgatuM nathI. keTalIka vAra kheDUtane ke khetareAmAM majUrI karanArane taMgI veThavI paDe tevA samaya paNa tethI te ha'mezAM taMgI ane bhUkhamarAmAM ja rahe che ema na kahI zakAya. kheDUtAmAM devuM sarvasAmAnya che, paNa te vastu zvetAM ema lAge che ke, kheDUta lAkAmAM sAmAnya rIte thADuM ghaNuM devuM cAlatuM ja kAraNe temane sukhI ane samRddha jIvana aDacaNa AvatI nathI." alabatta Ave che; meM upara jaNAvyuM hatuM tema, A zabdo te leAkeAne jaNAvavA mATe sarakAre je ' tAravaNI' chapAvI che, temAMnA che. sarakAra leAkAne kahevA mAge che ke, A zabdo "kheDUtAnI rahevAnuM; paraMtu, tene gALavAmAM jarAya 135 'hi'dustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi' sthitithI khAsa mAhitagAra hovAne lIdhe pramANabhUta gaNI zakAya " tevA anubhavI aMgreja amaladAranA che. paraMtu have te " pramANabhUta '" aMgreja amaladAre je mULa " khAnagI " vigato uparathI leAkeAne batAvavA mATe A "tAravaNI" kADhI che, te vigatA ApaNe joI e. te kalekTara mULa khAnagI riporTa mAM lakhe che : " me vadhAremAM vadhAre anubhavI kheDUtane khelAvIne, temanI pAse sAmAnya rIte sArI sthitinA eTale ke, baLadanI eka joDa, eka haLa, tathA pAkA kUvAvALI pa ekara jamIna jenI pAse hAya, tevA kheDUtanI Avaka ane kharcIne hisAba nakkI karAvyA. tenuM pariNAma nIce mujaba AvyuM: kha Avaka OM, A, pA, kharI pAka 129-8-0 ra pAka 24-8-0 kula rU. 214-0-0 3. 241. 41. sarakArI mahemla 7-00 bhInI kharIdI 138-0 khetInuM bIjuM kharca79-10--0 kula 168-2bacata 45-14-0 kula 214---- eTale ke, te kalekTaranI gaNatarI pramANe cAra mANasanA ( paraMtu kharI rIte sarerAza pAMca mAsanA ) eka kuTuMbane 45 rU. 14 AmAM Akhu varSa jIvavAnuM rahyuM. te ja kalekTara AgaLa kahe che: " sAmAnya rIte anAjane bhAva 1 rUpiye 25 zera gaNIe. ( joke te ja varSe kharA bhAva /

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131 AbAda hiMdustAna ! 1 rUpiye 17 zeranA ja hatA!! ) tA te kuTuMbane mAtra anAjanuM ja kharca 43 rUpiyA Ave. te kuTuMbanuM . kapaDAMnuM kha dara varSe 8 rUpiyA gaNavuM joI e." eTale ke kheArAka ane kapaDAM maLIne te kuTuMbane 51 rUpiyA joI e. pariNAme, tene sArA varSamAM paNa 5 rUpiyA khAdha rahe. paraMtu kAI kharAba va Ave, tyAre te tenI sthiti keTalI vikaTa thaI jAya, te dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che. A sthiti sArA varSamAM, baLada ane kUvAnA mAlika evA sArI sthitinA kheDUtanI che; chatAM te ja kalekTara 'tAravaNI 'mAM kahe che ke, " kheDUtA haSTapuSTa, khAtApItA - sukhI, samRd . . . che." teNe Apele eka khInne dAkhaleA laI e. kheDUta : rUparAma : uMmara 60 varSa: jamIna 17 ekara Avaka kharca rU. A. pA. kharIpha pAka 175-0-0 rakhI pAka 146--9 0 bInI kharIdI ghInuM vecANa 20.. 3. A. pA. sarakArI mahesula 306-0-0 401010 356-0 kula 341~~~~ kharca gaNyA vinA 14-8-0 nuM devuM che ke -- " tenA eTale ke, majUrI vagerenuM kazuM paNa tene Akhu varSa jIvavA mATe rU. bAkI rahe che. have kalekTara sAheba kahe kuTuMbanuM khAdhAkhaumeratAM varSane aMte khetImAM rU. 138-9 A. nI kheATa AvI ema kahevAya. e rUpiyA meLavavA mATe teNe devuM karyuM tathA peAtAnAM ghareNAM vecyAM." tene peAtAnI * hi'dustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi ' 137 vAcaka jarA dhIrajathI theAbhIne vicAra karaje. je kheDUtane varasanI Akhare khAvA mATe ane jIvavA mATe 178 rUpiyAnuM devuM karavuM paDe che, tenI AkhA varSanI mahenatanI 341 rUpiyAnI kamANImAMthI sarakAra 'mAbApa' tenA bhalA mATe 306 rUpiyA mahela peTe ja paDAvI le che. ane chatAM hiMdI vajIra ane nAyaba hiMdI vajIra haMmezAM jyAre ekalavAnA prasaMga maLe che tyAre khelatAM cUkatA ja nathI ke, sarakAra kheDUtA pAsethI bahu AchuM mahesUla le che, " bahu ja echuM," -- mAtra " 95 TakA," AmanI sabhAmAM A dAkhalA upara prazna pUchavAmAM AvyA tyAre mi. karagyusane javAba ApyA ke, " A dAkhalAmAM paNa kAMI khAsa dhyAnamAM levA jevuM nathI. kheDUte mahela pUrepUruM bharyuM hatuM eTalA uparathI ja siddha thAya che ke, te teTaluM mahesUla bharI zake tema hateA." kharI vAta, te kheDUte mahesUla ApyuM e ja enI zaktinI sAbitI che! pachI teNe te mahesUla kevI rIte bhayuM ane 14 rUpiyA 8 AnAnI khAdhAmAMthI ja khIje varSa pAchuM sarakArane teTaluM mahesUla bharavA mATe te AkhuM va zI rIte jIvato rahyo, te jANavAnI : 1. eTAnA kalekTara mi. krukane, ra. saMyukta prAMtAnA le. gavarnara sara oNkalaeNDa kaeNlivanane, 7, hiMdustAnanA vAisaraoNyane, 4. iMgleMDanI iMDiyA Asine, pa. iMglaMDanI AmanI sabhAne -- zI jarUra ?

Page #81
138 AbAda hiMdustAna ! akhazA : uMmara 45 varSa : khetara 7 ekara Avaka kharIpha pAka ravI pAka ghInuM vecANa khAtaranuM vecANa rU. A. pA. 12-0-0 73-0-0 mahesUla 15-0-0 2-0-0 Avaka rUA. vaNakarInI 48-0-0 khAdhAkharca nuM kharaca TrAranuM khetInAM ojArAnuM kharca gharanA sarasAmAnanuM,, lagna ane maraNanA prasaMgAnuM kharca kapaDAM 32 kha 3. 241, 41. 10-0-0 2-0-0 9-0-0 kula 102-0-0 124-0-0 eTale ke, varSane aMte 22 rUpiyAnuM devuM karavuM paDayuM, cetAnuM kuTuMbaH kheDUta ane majUra " vArSika Avaka 50 rUpiyA che. kuTuMbamAM cAra mANasa che, temanA gharanA sarasAmAnanI kiMmata 2 rUpiyA che. ' teo jIvatAM rahe che ane devuM karatAM nathI, e bahu AzcaryanI vAta che. AsA vaNukara: pAMcanuM kuTuMba -.-.-. 15-0-0 kula 5-0-0 3-0-0 2-0-0 kharca rU|. khAdhAkharca pAchaluM devuM bharapAI karyuM 4-0-0 kapaDAM -0-0x 5-0-0 49-0-0 'hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi' leAdhA : mAtra majUra; uMmara 62 varSa phrA. A. pA. 16. 11--4-0 27-4-0 " khAdhAkharca nIkaLe che. kapaDAM kharIdAtAM nathI. " ( pA. 55, 56 ) vikrama jA ekara jamIna kheDe che, tene khAdhAkharca ane bI mATe 116 rUpiyA joI e che. paNa tene khetaramAMthI utpanna 38re rUpiyA ja thAya che. A dAkhalA upara ma. kruka lakhe che : " tenA gAmanA bIjA kheDUtonI peThe A kheDUta paNa bhAre taMgI veDI rahyo che. ane vanI Akhare e cheDA bhAgye ja bhegA karI zake che. '' zAbAza ! hiMdustAna jevA garama dezamAM ka'TALAbharelI nokarI karatAM karatAM paNa AvI TALa karIne AnaMda meLavI zakAya tema che. 77 32, 8 AnAnI dara varSe AvatI khAdhane " e cheDA bhAgye ja maLatA hAya " evI Avaka kahI zakAya kharI ! DAsAnI majUrInI vArSika Avaka : che.karInA daLaNAnI Avaka : 139 ( pA. 55-56 ) nevAsidha H 24 ekaranA mAlika. (214 rUpiyA mahesUla.) hisAbane aMte, sAbita karavAmAM Ave che ke, tene dara varSe 25 rUpiyA bacata rahe che. paraMtu thoDe AgaLa umeravAmAM AvyuM che, " ane pAka vakhate sAmAnya rIte tene A kharIdavAnI rakama zAhukAra pAsethI uchInI ja lAvavI paDe che, tenA upara tene cha cha mahine rUpiye e AnA vyAja bharavuM paDe che. tathA anAjanA ki

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140 AbAda hiMdustAna ! bhAvamAM rUpiyA uchInA letI vakhate ajAramA je bhAva hAya tethI 1 zera eche. gaNavA paDe che; ane rUpiyA pAchA vALatI vakhate bajArabhAvathI 1 zera vadhAre ApavA paDe che" umeravAmAM AvyuM ( pA. 59,6 0) jhAbanA kare che ane gADu bhADe pherave che. bacata batAvavAvAM AvI che. ane pachI che, " tene 600 rUpiyA devuM che. ane te devuM pAka ocho AvyA eTale kuTuMbanuM kharca kADhavA mATe karavuM paDayuM, ema te kahe che. tenuM mahesUla caDeluM che." tathA bInI rakama tene "dara vakhate uchInI ja lAvavI paDe che''; chatAM tene kha jatAM 43 rUpiyAnI bacata zI rIte rahe che, te vicAravAnuM rahe che. hIrA ledha H 24 ekaranA mAlika : uMmara 45. kharca dhAMcI. uMmara 45, khetI tene 43 rUpiyA dara varSe Avaka 3. 241. 41. 49-0-0 pAka 111---- kharIph pAka rI mahesUla khInuM kha khAdhAkha kapaDAM rU. A. pA. 192-6-0 .---? 120 -0-0 24-0-0 kula 162-0-0 kula 234-8-7 eTale ke, dara varSe rU. 7ra~~~nA devAnI 'Avaka' thAya che. abherAma : uMmara 40 : kuTuMba, pAMca mANusanuM : jamIna 9 ekara 'hiMdustAnamAM garIAI che ja nahi' 141 tene viSe kalekTara sAheba kahe che : " jyAre gharamAM anAja DAtuM tyAre kuTuMba rAjanA pAMca zera dANA khAvuM. paNa jyAre anAjane bhAva caDI jAya tyAre atyAranI peThe traNa zerathI ja calAvI le che. dANAne abhAve mAjarI pAkI paNa na hatI tyArathI teNe khAvA mAMDI DatI. tenA gharamAM eka paNa kAmaLeA nathI." ane chatAM A kheDUta nava ekaranA mAlika che ! tenI pAse eka kAmaLA paNa kema nathI ? tenA Avaka kharcanA hisAba joze. tA mAlUma paDaze ke, sarakAre tenI khetaranI kula AvakamAMthI, 99 TakA mahesUla tarIke paDAvI lIdhA hatA. kha 3. 241. 41. 8-15-0 Avaka rU. A. pA. 9==== mahesUla nAkanuM vecANu dUdhanuM vecANa 18 majUrInI Avaka 15-0--0 0 niMdAmaNu ane bIjuM kharca khAdhAkha kapaDAM --- 44---- 9--8 - kula 103----. kula 129-15-- khAdha 26 rU. 15 A. eTale ke khAdhAkha mATe oItI rakamanA 60 TakA khAdha ! duniyAnA kAI paNa rAjyamAM kheDUtanI nIce jaNAvelI sthati joI che ? 1. khetaranI kula AvakanA 99 TakA sarakAre mahesUla tarIke laI lIdhA.

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142 AbAda hiMdustAna ! 2. kuTuMbane mAtra khAdhAkharca ane kapaDAMnI rakamamAM ja 26 rU. 15 A, khUTyA. 3. zAhukAre tene eka pAI paNa dhIravAnI nA pADI. kAraNake, tenI pAse pAchalA 60 rUpiyA bAkI hatA. 4. kuTuMbane anAjanI eTalI badhI taMgI AvI paDI ke, temane bAjarI pAkI paNa nahi tyAra pahelAM khAvAnI zarU karavI paDI. 5. te mANasa pAse pitAne mATe ja saMyukta prAMtanI kaDakaDatI TADhamAM eka kAmaLe 5NuM na hatuM. tenAM strI chokarAnI vAta te judI. 6. tenA gharanA rAcaracIlAnI kiMmata sarakAre 2 rUpiyA TharAvI che. 7. te temaja tene chokaro baMne majUrI karavA paNa jatA hatA; chatAM temane varSane aMte 26 rU. 15, A.nI khAdha AvI. paraMtu dAjhavA upara DAma jevuM te e che ke, A dAkhalo petAnA patramAM TAMkIne te prAMtanA lepha. gavarnara sara eNkaleMDa kelavine hiMdI sarakArane lakhI jaNAvyuM che : " A kuTuMbane taMgI veThavI paDatI hoya ema lAgatuM nathI." (pA. 18-20) hIrAsiMdha : uMmara 30 ane bhubA. baMne bhAI e che tathA paraNelA che paNa temane chokarAM nathI. kuTuMbanAM kula mANasa 6 che. " strIo pAse ghareNAM nathI. temanAM khetarane teo pAkA kUvAmAMthI pANI pAya che." Avaka ane kharcane hisAba kADhatAM varSane aMte 8 rU. 2 A. 6 5. khAdha Ave che. chatAM sarakAra kahe che ke, hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi' 143 te baMne bhAI o "sArI sthitimAM che eTaluM ja nahi paNa" temanI sthiti jaitanA camAra ke naugAmanA ThAkura karatAM ghaNe darajajo caDiyAtI che. temanI pAse dhAtunAM vAsaNa paNa che, tathA " temanI pAse eka kAmaLo paNa che." - bApare ! saMyukta prAMtanA cha mANasanA kuTuMba vacce eka kAmaLe ! zuM sukhI mANaso che ! ! strIone ghareNAM nathI tethI zuM thaI gayuM? temanA gharamAM dhAtunAM vAsaNo che ! IzvaranI maherabAnIthI baMnene chokarAM nathI.. (5, 6 ) bhikarI: majUra. chanuM kuTuMba: cAra mahinA mAMde rahyo. strI ane chokarI ghAsa vece che. chokaro majUrIe jAya che. chokarAnI vahune "kharca ochuM karavA piyera mokalI dIdhI che." "comAsAmAM AkhA gharane eka TaMka ja khAvAnuM maLatuM hatuM... bIjAM varSoe teo traNa cAra rUpiyA ziyALAmAM kapaDAM mATe vAparatAM. A varSe vAparI zakayAM nathI." tuMDAH balavaMtane chokaro. pAMca ekarane mAlika. "chokarI paraNAvI tyAre 12 rUpiyA maLyA; temAMthI mahesUla bharyuM. ane ziyALAmAM kapaDAM na hovAthI baLadanI sAthe khUNAmAM paDayo rahyo." have ApaNe eTAvA jillA tarapha jaI e. tyAMnA kalekaTara mi. elekajhAnDara pitAnI "tAravaNImAM" te hiMdustAnanA ane duniyAnA lekene eTaluM ja kahevA mAge che ke: "tapAsa mATe pasaMda karelAM gAmaDAMmAM moTA bhAganA kheDUtene sAmAnya rIte kherAkanI taMgI veThavI paDatI nathI. paNa jyAre bhAva caDI jAya che, tyAre majUrone

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144 AbAda hiMdustAna! temaja nAnI jamInavALA garIba kheDUtane jarA saMkaDAmaNamAM AvI javuM paDe che." uparanA vAkyamAM kalekaTara sAheba "moTA bhAganA" "sAmAnya rIte" ane "jarA saMkaDAmaNamAM" e zabdone zuM artha kare che, te samajAtuM nathI. tene mATe have ApaNe temanA "khAnagI" mULa riporTamAM najara karIe. tyAM teo sAheba jaNAve che: 1. "mAre kahevuM joIe ke sAmAnya varSomAM kheDUte varSane trIjo bhAga leNadAre dhIrelA paisA vaDe ja pasAra kare che. ane kharAba varSomAM temane pitAnA devAne be kAM te behada vadhArI devo paDe che, athavA te pitAnuM jarajavAhIra, ghareNAM, Dhora ke bIjuM je kAMI vecI zakAya tema hoya, te vecI devuM paDe che. 2. " jyAre lAgalAga2 betraNa varSa nabaLAM Ave che, tyAre te kAI leNadAra paNa temane paisA dhIrate nathI; eTale sAmAnya kheDUtane bezaka saMkhatamAM sakhata bhUkhamaro veThavo hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 14 "khetaranI AvakamAMthI mAtra kuTuMba jIvatuM rahe teTalI pedAza AvI. paraMtu eka lagnaprasaMga, eka maraNano prasaMga ane khetI mATe baLadanI kharIdI - A kAraNone lIdhe tene kuTuMbanAM tamAma ghareNAM vecI nAMkhavAM paDavyAM ane chatAM bIjA 100 rUpiyA devuM karIne ANavA paDyA. . . varSanA chevaTanA bhAgamAM to te kuTuMba bhAre taMgImAM AvI paDayuM. bIje varSe paNa kharIpha pAka ocho Utaryo eTale te te bhayaMkara bhUkhamarAmAM sapaDAyuM. jAnyuArI ane phebruArI mahinAomAM te lokone roja niyamita khAvAnuM paNa maLyuM nahi, ane jaMgalI jhADanAM pAna ane mULiyAM khAIne ja jIvatAM rahyAM. "I. sa. 1925nI zarUAtano bhAga temaNe kharAbamAM kharAba dazAmAM gALyo hato te viSe zaMkA ja nathI; chatAM kharIpha pAka kapAI rahe tyAra pahelAM teo pharI bhayaMkara taMgImAM sapaDAze e ekkasa che." paraMtu, A dAkhalAmAM paNa kalekTarane mahesUla mokUpha rAkhavAnuM ke mApha karavAnuM sUjhayuM nathI. te ja ripiTamAMthI keTalIka vigata : jhAbAda vibhAga : hakIkata : daravarSe khAdha: TakA (pA. 209) kheDUta kuTuMba : eka haLa : traNa mANase : Avaka 73 rUpiyA: khAdha 9 rUpiyA '17 TakA hiMvArAnuM kuTuMba Avaka 32 rUpiyA : traNa mANu : khAdha 32 rUpiyA: 60 TakA 3. "marahapura nAmanA eka gAmamAM 55 kheDUta kuTuMbamAMthI, varSane aMte badhAM ja 800thI mAMDIne 10 rUpiyA sudhInA devA taLe AvI gayAM hatAM. kheDUtanA moTA bhAgane pitAnAM ghareNAM ke Dhora vecI nAkhavAM paDayAM hatAM. 4. "bejAI: 9 ekarane mAlika : kuTuMba sAta mANasanuM. For Private & Personale Only

Page #85
'hiMduratAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 147 utArI; jema pAna UthalAvate gaye, tema je najare paDatI gaI, te neMdha gaye chuM. AvI keTalIya vigatene to huM aDayo paNu nathI. A temaja bIjI keTalIka vigate ke je have pachInA prakaraNamAM AvavAnI che, te badhI meM A prAMtanA lepha. gavarnara maeNkaDonela sAhebane 1901 nI sAlamAM lakhI jaNAvI hatI. javAbamAM temaNe jaNAvavAnI kRpA 141 AbAda hiMdustAna! majAra kuTuMbaH Avaka 47 rUpiyA: traNa mANase ? khAdha 17 rUpiyA: 31 TakA joke, kAnapuranA AsisTaMTa kalekaTara mi. barDa jaNAve che ke, "huM eka mANasanuM khAdhAkharca vArSika 24 rU. gaNuM chuM; eka strInuM 20 rU. 8 AnA gaNuM chuM, ane chokarAnuM 14 rUpiyA gaNuM chuM." have huM alhAbAda vibhAgamAM AvelA 300 mANasanA eka AkhA gAmanI hakIkata te riporTamAMthI nIce TAMkuM chuM. gAmanuM nAma akabarapurasena che. kheDUtaH 36 kuTuMba : 70 puruSa, 50 strIo ane 51 bALaka khetInI khetInuM bAkI khorAka kula pedAza kharca bacata mATe joIe khAdha rUpiyA rUpiyA rUpiyA rUpiyA rUpiyA 4,323 1,733 2,590 3,6 78 1,088 32 majUro vagere 17 kuTuMba : dasa kuTuMbamAM chokarAM nathI kula Avaka khAdhAkharca khAdha TakA mATe ja joIe rUpiyA rUpiyA rUpiyA 850 1405 555 39 "bAkInAM 12 kuTuMba gAriyAnAM che. teo heDIo ane ghATa upara kAma kare che. temanI sthiti sArI che." A badhI vigato te mAtra namUnA tarIke ja meM ahIM utArI che. uparAMta, khAsa pasaMda karIne paNa nathI "sAmAnya rIte tame haMmezAM hiMdustAnanA kheDUtonI dazA viSe vadhAre paDatA nirAzAbharyo khyAla bAMdhe che. game tema che. paNa, tame varNavelI sthiti, huM jANuM chuM te sthiti sAthe maLatI nathI AvatI. huM ema nathI kahevA bhAgato ke kheDUtonI dazAmAM kAMI ja sudhArAnI jarUra nathI. paraMtu ghaNA loko mAne che tema, kheDUta kAMI bhUkhe maratuM prANI nathI. . . . vaLI tame sarakAranI vadhAre paDatI mahesUlane kAraNe kheDUtonI thatI pAyamAlInI vAta kare che. te bAbatamAM paNa mane lAge che ke, tame khUba ja bhulAvAmAM paDathA cho. . . . kheDUtonI kaphoDI sthitinAM kharAM kAraNe te, (1) kudaratanI manasvitA, (2) nAtavarAmAM karavAmAM AvatuM uDAu kharca ane vyAjanA bhAre dara, (3) phaLadrupa bhAgomAM varatInI ghaNI bhIDa thavAthI jamInane thaI jatA nAnA nAnA TukaDA, ane jarA dUra navI jamIna upara javAnI lokonI nAmarajI, (4) naheronI UNapa - e che. For Private & Personal use only

Page #86
148 AbAda hiMdustAna! - " mina kamizane hiMdI sarakAra AgaLa rajU karelI sUcanAomAM AmAMnI keTalIka muzkelIone ilAja jarUra maLI Avaze, ema huM mAnuM chuM." have, gavarnara sAhebe, kheDUtanI kaDI sthitinAM je cAra "kharAM " kAraNe batAvyAM che, te huM eka pachI eka tapAsavA mAguM chuM. teo sAhebe jaNAvelA prathama kAraNa viSe eTaluM ja kahevAnuM ke, hiMdustAnamAM varasAda niyata Rtuo paDe che. eTale, duniyAnA bIjA koI deza karatAM hiMdustAnanI kudaratI sthiti vadhu kharAba nathI, paNa khetIne mATe UlaTI vadhu sArI che. te pachI, te kAraNe duniyAnA bIjA dezo karatAM hiMdustAnamAM khAsa muzkelI ubhI thatI na ja hovI joIe. vaLI pahelAM karatAM atyAre varasAda ocho paDe che, ema kAI ja kahI zake tema nathI. chatAM, atyAranA jevI garIbAI ane taMgI lokee pahelAM kadI bhogavI hoya ema sAbita karanAra eka paNa purA nathI. tethI ulaTI purAvA te cekabaMdha che. - have cethA kAraNumAM gavarnara pahelAne upAya batAve che. je e vAta kharI ja hoya, te bhayaMkaramAM bhayaMkara dukALa vaDe prajAnA asaMkhya lAke, kalpI na zakAya tevAM bhUkhamarA ane taMgImAM sapaDAI sapaDAIne bhAkhenI peThe TapaTapa maravA mAMDe, tyAM sudhI sarakAranI UMdha ja UDatI nathI te kAraNe tene gunegAra ja gaNavI joIe. vaLI e dalIla paNa karI zakAya tema nathI ke, sarakArane atyAra sudhI A vastunI khabara na hatI. kAraNa ke AnI pahelAM keTalAMya judAM judAM kamizanae temaja judA judA vibhAganA "hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 149 aMgreja amaladAroe keTalIya vAra e vastu sarakAranI AMkha AgaLa ANyA karI che; chatAM sarakAre tene kadI dhyAna upara ja lIdhI nathI. ane A vakhate paNa sarakAra tema nathI ja karavAnI enI see se TakA khAtarI badhAe rAkhavAnI che e vAta kadAca sau karatAM gavarnara sAheba pote ja pitAnA manamAM vadhAre jANatA haze. atyAre khAsa te gavarnare jaNAvelA bIjA kAraNa viSe mAre kahevuM che. sAmAnya rIte dareka aMgreja amaladArane kheDUtanA devAnI vAta nIkaLatAM ja ema belI nAkhavAnI Teva paDI che ke, te loke lama ane maraNa prasaMge hada uparAMta kharca kare che tethI ja teo devAmAM sapaDAya che. paraMtu Ane javAba huM sarakAre ja bhegI karelI vigatothI ApavA mAguM chuM. je riporTamAMthI huM A badhA utArAo ApI rahyo chuM, te riporTamAM ApelA kheDUtanA dAkhalAomAMthI huM kramavAra pahelA 20 lauM chuM. e 20 mAMthI mAtra be dAkhalAmAM ja lagna ane tevAM bIjAM kauTuMbika kharcIne kAraNe devuM karavuM paDayuM che, ema jaNAvavAmAM AvyuM che. ane te bemAMthI paNa eka dAkhalAmAM te te rakama 10 rUpiyA jeTalI najIvI ja che, ane temAMthI adha te mAne mahine eka eka rUpiyAne hapta karIne cUkavI devAmAM AvelI che. paraMtu ApaNe AkhA paMjAba viSe mi, thebane je zabdo uccAryA che, te ja dhyAnamAM laI e : meM tapAselAM 742 kuTuMbemAMthI mAtra traNa dAkhalAomAM ja lagnanA kharcane kAraNe devuM karavuM paDayuM hatuM. For Private & Personal use only

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150 AbAda hiMdustAna! A tapAsathI e vAta siddha thAya che ke, sAmAnya rIte badhA mAne che tema loko lagna vagere prasaMgoe uDAu kharca kare che, te vastune pratyakSa purAvAno ke nathI. . . . uparAMta je kAMI thoDuM kharca keI kAI kare che, te paNa dara varSe ghaTatuM ja jAya che; kAraNa ke temanI pAse ' kharcavAne paisA ja nathI." potAnA kathananA purAvAmAM te nIcenA AMkaDA TAMke che : kula devuM lagnamAM kareluM kharca prathama vibhAgamAM 142,777 9,491 bIjA vibhAgamAM 179,853 12,418 trIjA vibhAgamAM 88,234 9687 11 cothA vibhAgamAM 188,145 15,161 sarerAza 8 TakAthI paNa ochuM. mi. tharbana kheDUtonA devAnuM juduM ja kAraNa A pramANe Ape che: "kheDUtanI tamAma kamANu zAhukAranA hAthamAM ja cAlI jAya evI du:khabharI sthiti navI UbhI thaI che. pahelAM tevI sthiti kadI hiMdustAnamAM hatI nahi. ane A riporTa sAbita kare che te pramANe, te sthiti ApaNuM julamagAra mahesUlapaddhatie astitvamAM ANI che. jemanI tapAsa karavAmAM AvI hatI tevA 74ra kheDUtemAMthI mAtra 13 dAkhalAomAM ja, devAmAM eka vAre sapaDAyelo kheDUta pharI chUTI zakyo hato. hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 151 kheDUtanI devAdAra sthitinAM siddha thayelAM kAraNomAMthI sauthI moTuM - temaja temAMthI kadI chUTI zakAya tevuM na hovAthI sauthI gaMbhIra kAraNa sarakAranI mahesUla che." dakSiNanAM hullaDonI tapAsa karavA nImelA kamizane paNa jaNAvyuM che: "kamizane karelI tapAsanuM pariNAma batAvI Ape che ke, kheDUtanI devAdAra sthitinA kAraNa tarIke, lagna ke tevA varAo pAchaLa karavAmAM AvatA kharcane vadhAre paDatuM prAdhAnya ApavAmAM Ave che. . . . tevA prasaMge ghaNu jUja hoya che, ane teya keTalAMya varSonA gALA pachI kaI vAra Ave che. temaja te prasaMge je rakama kharcavAmAM Ave che, te rakama paNa kheDUtanI sthitine kAI paNa mANasa, sAmAjika ke kauTuMbika AnaMda ke prasaMge mATe yogya rIte kharacI zake tenA karatAM jarAya vadhAre nathI hotI." muMbaI ilAko have ApaNe, paradezI musApharane sauthI prathama AvakAra ApatuM muMbaI zahera je ilAkAmAM AvyuM che, te ilAkA tarapha AvIe. je zaheranI jAhojalAlI, saMpatti, udyoga ane vepArathI cakita thaIne musAphara AgaLa cAlyA jAya che, te zahera bAda karatAM bAkInA bhAganI zI sthiti che? , 1. gUjarAta vidyApIThe karelI mAtara tAlukAnI Arthika tapAsamAM jaNAvyuM che ke : sAmAjika prasaMga mATe devuM karanAra kuTuMbanI saMkhyA 414 che. jyAre, jamIna mahesUla bharavA devuM karanAra kuTuMbanI saMkhyA 570 che. For Private & Personal use only

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15ra AbAda hiMdustAna ! - te ilAkAmAM kula 24,590,000 ekara kheDANa jamIna che. temAM kUvA ke kAMsanI sagavaDa meLavI zake tevI jamInanuM pramANa 100 ekare 3.2 ekara che.. ane temAM paNa varSamAM be vAra pAka meLavI zake tevI jamInanuM pramANa 100 ekare 2.8 ekara che . 100 ekare haLanI saMkhyA 4.4 che ane baLadanI saMkhyA 20 ekare mAMDa eka jeDa Ave teTalI che. - AvI apAra sAdhanasAmagrIvALI jamInanI pedAzamAMthI sarakAra keTaluM mahesUla paDAve che, te ApaNe prathama joIe. jamIna kheDAtI hoya ke na kheDAtI hoya tepaNu, tamAma jamIna upara dara varSe sarakhuM ja mahesUla levAmAM Ave che. prathama te ene kAraNe ja kheDUtane keTaluM sahana karavuM paDe che, te upara paheluM dhyAna ApIe. karnala geDaphrenI gaNatarI pramANe ratnAgiri tAlukAmAM kheDANa ane paDatara rakhAtI jamInanuM pramANa nIce pramANe che: pAkanAM varSa paDatara varSa uttama vAMdho 3 3 vacalo vAMka 2 5 Utarate vAM 'hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 153 eTale ke, kheDUte jamInamAMthI kharI rIte be ja varSa pAka lIdho hoya chatAM tenI pAsethI mahesUla sAta varSanuM levAmAM Ave che. sAthe yAda rAkhavAnuM ke, sahyAdinI kinAra uparanI tisalI ane kumArInI jamIna ke jemAM game teTalI mahenata karo paNa jarAya napho maLavAnI AzA ja nahi, ane jene mAtra udaranirvAha mATe ja beDavAmAM Ave che, tevI jamIna upara paNa kAnarA ane dhAravADanI kImatI jamIno jeTaluM ja mahela levAmAM Ave che. have, te mahesUlane beje keTalo bhAre che te muddA upara AvIe. huM satArA, solApura, vijApura ane nagara jillAonAM pa37 gAmaDAMne dAkhalo lauM chuM. te gAmaDAMmAM navI AkAraNI vakhate 1,97,335 ekara kheDANa jamInamAM mAtra 1000 ekarane ja vadhAre thayela hata; navI AkAraNI chatAM mahesUlamAM AgalA varSa karatAM 28 TakAno vadhAre karavAmAM Avyo hato. A badhA tAlukAomAMthI koI paNa eka kheDUtano dAkhalo le. tenA kuTuMbamAM tenA uparAMta tenI strI ane be chokarAM che ema mAne. tathA tene 25 ekara jamIna che ane temAM te potAnA baLadathI pitAnI jAte ja badhI majUrI kare che, ema mAne; te AkhA varSanI tenI mahenatanuM pariNAma nIce pramANe Avaze : kula 25 ekaramAMthI kheDelA ekara 20 : 5 ekara paDatara, sarakArI TharAva naM. 4515 (1875) pramANe eka ekara dITha 160 ratalane hisAbe anAjanI pedAza ratala 3200. sarerAza : 2 * 1933-34nI gaNatarI pramANe muMbaI ilAkAmAM kula mApaNInI jamIna 78,878,307 ekara che. temAM kheDANa jamIna 43,500,928 ekara che. pItanI jamIna dara 100 ekare 12 ekara che. be pAka laI zake tevI jamIna dara so ekare 3 ekara che. Jain Education Internation For Private & Personal use only

Page #89
154 hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 155 upara ApelI gaNatarI koIne kAlpanika lAge te mATe mi. vedhana noMze jAte kheDUtonI karelI tapAsamAMthI eka be dAkhalA nIce ApuM chuM : nAthuH 39 ekara kula pedAzamAMthI sarakArane 60 rUpiyA bharyA pachI 40 rUpiyA bAkI rahyA. potAnI strI ane pAMca chokarAne jivADavA majUrIe jAya che. tenuM khetara 700 rUpiye gIro AbAda hiMdustAna! temAMthI bAda karo : ekare 6 zerane hisAbe bI : ratala 120 bagADa : ratala 80 ejAranI samarAmaNI vagere : 10 rU. majUrI : sarakArI mahesUla temaja sthAnikavera10 rU. kulaH 25 rU. rUpiyAnA 50 ratalane hisAbe ratala 1250 kula ratala 1450 bAkI rahyA ratala 1750 rejanA pa ratalane hisAbe eka varasamAM temane - khAvA joIe ratala 2007 mAtra khAdhA kharcamAM ja khAdha : ratala 257 AmAM kapaDAM, mIThuM ke bIjI jIvananirvAha mATenI Avasyaka vastuo paNa na AvI, te dhyAnamAM rAkhavAnuM che. A sthiti 25 ekara, baLada ane haLanA mAlikanI che te yAda rAkhavAnuM che. temaja hutAhutI ane chokarAM sivAya kuTuMbamAM gharaDerAM ke vaDIlamAMthI eka paNa mANasa gaNyuM nathI. A sthiti AkhA ilAkAmAM sarvatra vyApelI che. jamInamAMthI kheDUtanA nirvAha pUratuM paNa pedA thatuM nathI. chatAM sarakAra dara trIsa varSe 30 ke 40 TakA mahesUla vadhAryuM ja jAya che. morA paTela : 60 ekara "jamIna 3000 rUpiye gIra mUkelI che. gaye varSe 375 rUpiyAnI kula pedAzamAMthI 104 sarakArane bharyA, 100ne baLada kharIdyA ane 60 rUpiyA nokarane pagAra bharyo, eTale leNadArane kazuM ApI zakyo nahi. khetInuM bIjuM kharca 60 rUpiyA thayuM hatuM. tenA kuTuMbamAM strI, kAke ane be chokarAM che. A varSe mahesUla bharI zakyo nathI mATe noTisa maLI che." mAthana : 60 ekara 286 rUpiyAnI kula pedAzamAMthI 116 rUpiyA mahesUla bharyuM. 100 rUpiyA leNadAra ane nekarane ApavAmAM gayA. pachI eka chokaro, be chokarIo tathA tene pitAne mATe 70 rUpiyA bAkI rahyA. tenI strI marI gaI che. A varSe tene noTisa maLI che chatAM mahesUla bharI zakyo nathI." For Private & Personal use only

Page #90
151 AbAda hiMdustAna ! * gula: 225 ekara jamInadAra gaye varSe 100 hera hatAM, A varSe 70 marI gayAM. gaye varSe pedAza 1200 rUpiyA hatI. temAMthI 500 sarakArane bharyA ane 500 majUre tathA khetI vagerenA kharcamAM gayA, jIvavA mATe devuM karyuM." mi. jozIe I. sa. 1894mAM bharAyelI audyogika pariSada AgaLa vAMcelA bhASaNamAM jaNAvyuM che ke: 1. kheDUta upara karane bojo vadhato ja jAya che. chellAM vIsa varSamAM mahesUla 6,366,6 6 7 pAuMDathI vadhArIne 9,173,334 pAuMDa karavAmAM AvyuM che, eTale ke temAM 39 TakAne vadhAre karavAmAM Avyo che. 2. kheDUtanA khissAmAM sauthI moTo ane bhaya upajAve tevo kApa mUkanAra te zAhukAra che. kheDUtanuM devuM vadhatuM ja jAya che. ane te vadhAre ne vadhAre zAhukAranA paMjAmAM sapaDAtA jAya che. A devuM thavAnuM kAraNa eka ja che ane te e ke, sArAmAM sArA varSamAM paNa tene khetaranI pedAzamAMthI pitAnI AjIvikA jeTaluM paNa nIkaLatuM nathI chatAM sarakAra tenI pAsethI temAMthI moTo bhAga mahesUla peTe paDAvI le che. pariNAme, tene jIvatA rahevA mATe ja zAhukAranA paMjAmAM sapaDAvuM paDe che. jyAre kharAba varSa Ave che, tyAre tenI muzkelIne pAra raheto nathI chatAM sarakAranuM mahesUla te sArA varSamAM bharavAnuM hoya che teTaluM ja kAyama hoya che. dakSiNanA cAra jillAone dAkhalo che. temanuM eka varSanuM mahesula 381, 134 pAuMDa che ane te jillAomAM 'hiMdustAnamAM garIbAI che ja nahi" 15 kheDUtanuM vArSika devuM sarerAza 358,000 pAuMDa che. eTale ke, kula mahesulanA 93 TakA jeTalo bhAga kheDUta devuM karIne ja Ape che. e hisAbe AkhA ilAkAnI gaNatarI karIe, te kheDUtanuM vArSika devuM 1,6 6 6, 66 7 pAuMDa thAya ane tenA upara vyAjano dara sarerAza 12 TakA gaNIe (joke kharI rIte kheDUta 20 ke 30 thI ochA TakA vyAja bharate nathI ja hote) te daravarSe 200,000 pAuMDa kheDUtone vyAjanA ja bharavA paDe che. paraMtu A te eka varSanuM navuM devuM thayuM; tenuM jU nuM devuM te kAyama ja hoya che. mi. guDabane 9 jillAnA taiyAra karelA AMkaDAo mujaba AkhA IlAkAnuM jUnuM devuM 15,000,000 pAunDa che. ane tenuM vyAja daravarSe 3,600,000 pAuMDA thAya. eTale, jUnA ane navA devAnuM vyAja bheguM karatAM ilAkAnuM kula vArSika vyAja 3,600,000+2 00,000 = 3,800,000 pAuMDa eTale ke 6 karoDa rUpiyA thAya. . . . have je temane joItI mUDI temane pAMca ke cha TakAe ja maLatI hota, to temane dara varSe 3 karoDa rUpiyA vyAjanA ja bharavAnA bacata, muMbaI ilAkAmAM zaheranA lekIe seviMgsa beMkamAM mUkelI rakama 30,000,000 rUpiyA che, ane tenAthI paNa vadhAre rakama gavarnameMTa sikyoriTIomAM paDelI che. tenA upara temane bahu bahu te ku ke 7 TakA vyAja maLe che. have A sthiti juo: eka ja IlAkAmAM ke pitAnA phAjala rUpiyA beMkamAM ke sarakArane tyAM 3 ke 3 TakAe nakAmA nAkhI mUke che; jyAre te ja ilAkAmAM kheDUte bAra bAra TakA vyAja bharyo jAya che. je

Page #91
158 AbAda hi'dustAna ! sarakAra potAnI karaja barAbara samajatI heAta, teA teNe A e vargo vacce madhyasthanuM kAma karIne ane varSAMte puSkaLa kAyado karI ApyA hAta. zaheranA leAkA peAtAnAthI keTalAya mAila dUra paDelAM ajANyAM gAmaDAMmAM peAtAnA rUpiyA dhIravA jaI na zake, paraMtu sarakAra te kAma jarUra karI zake, teNe jo Ama karyuM heta, te| zaheranA leAkeAne mUDI upara 6 TakA vyAja maLyuM heAta ane kheDUtAne dara varSe vyAjanA ja 3 karoDa rUpiyA ochA bharavA paDayA hota. A badhAM kAraNeAe kheDUtanI sthiti divase divase vadhu ne vadhu kharAba thatI jAya che. dezanA tamAma hunnaraudyoga nAza pAmyA heAvAthI vadhatI jatI vastI bIjA dhaMdhAomAM zakAtI javAne badale kasa vagaranI banatI jamIna upara ja peAtAnA memo vadhAratI jAya che." . 9 vAisaraoNya sAheba vadyA I. sa. 1882mAM hadI sarakAre arla krAmarI ane sara DaeNviDa bArabarane hiMdustAnanI Arthika tapAsa karavA nImyA hatA. temaNe te vakhate briTiza hiMdanI vArSika Avaka nIce mujaba gaNI hatI : khetInI Avaka 350,00,00,000 rUpiyA 33 khetI sivAyanI Avaka 175,00,00,000 kula 121,00,00,000 rUpiyA te samayanI vastI 194,539,000 mANasanI hatI. te hisAbe briTiza hiMdanI mAthAdITha vArSika Avaka temaNe 27 rUpiyA nakkI karI hatI. have Aje I. sa. 1898-99nI Avaka keTalI che te jANavuM hAya, tA prathama khetInI Avaka ApaNe nakkI karavI joIe. sarakAra kahe che te mujaba judA judA prAMtAmAM

Page #92
110 AbAda hiMdustAna! khetInI kula pedAzanA nIce jaNAvelA TakA te mahesUla tarIke le che: baMgALamAM 5 thI 6 TakA saMyukta prAMtamAM 8 , paMjAba madrAsa ( 12 thI 30 , eTale ke 20 TakA muMbaI 20 thI 33 , eTale ke 25 TakA A hisAbe dareka prAMtamAMthI sarakAre lIdhelI mahesUlane guNI kADhatAM AkhA hiMdustAnanA badhA prAMtamAM thaIne jamInanI vArSika pedAza 285,88,34,562 rUpiyA thaI joke, kharI rIte te khetInI pedAza AnAthI haju paNa ochI hovI joIe. kAraNa ke, 1888mAM sarakAre ja prasiddha karelA pustakamAM judA judA prAMtamAM kula pedAzanA nIce pramANe jaNAvelA TakA mahesula tarIke lIdhAnA dAkhalA pAne pAne UbharAya che. jyAre, upara te ApaNane 8, 10 ke 20 TakA athavA te vadhAremAM vadhAre 25 TakA ja jaNAvavAmAM AvyA che. jamInanI kula mahesUla rUpiyA kula pedAzanA peidAza : rUpiyA keTalA TakA rU. 322 3. 306 95 (mAtra pUrNaka) rU. 85 rU. 40 47 rU. 162 rU. 72 5 9 3. 183 rU. 97 50 rU. 70 rU. 68-15-0 98 rU. 6 7 rU. 40-12-0 60 vAIsaraoNya sAheba vadyA 16 chatAM ApaNI gaNatarI barAbara cokkasa nIvaDe te mATe sarakArane ApaNe khUba ja chUTa ApIe. e hisAbe 1898-99mAM hiMdustAnanI kula Avaka nIce pramANe thaze: khetInI Avaka: 285,88,34,562 rUpiyA khetI sivAyanI Avaka: 142,94,17,281 ) kula 428,82,51,843 , have 1898-99nI vastI 245,501,987 gaNIe, te briTiza hiMdanI mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka rU. 17-8-5 thaI upara jaNAvyA pramANe 188ramAM te 27 rUpiyA hatI. jyAre 1998-9mAM rU. 17-8-pa thaI have, lorDa karjhananA jaNAvyA pramANe 1900nI sAlamAM dukALa paDavAthI khetInI pedAza 3 thI 3 jeTalI ochI hatI. te temaja tenA pramANamAM khetI sivAyanI Avaka paNa gaNatAM tathA 24 karoDanI vastImAM bAkInI Avaka vahecatAM I. sa. 1900 nI mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka 2. 12-6-0 thAya. eTale, mahArANIjIe DhaMDherAmAM jaNAvyA pramANe hiMdustAnanI prajAnI surakSitatA ane samRddhi e ja je vAIsaroya sAhebanI khAsa ciMtA ane phikaranI vastu hoya, te teo sAhebane, temanI kAuMsilanA mitrone, badhA siviliyana temaja lazkarI amaladArone, uparAMta vakIlo, vepArIo, sainike, nAvike, kheDUto, majUro ane kArIgarone, tathA Izvare kRpA karIne temane kuTuMba ApyuM hoya to temAMnA dareka sabhyane paNa mAthA dITha dara varSe 12 rUpiyA 6 AnAno pagAra ke Avaka maLavAM joIe For Private & Personal use only

Page #93
AbAda hiMdustAna ! paraMtu temAMthI paNa vAisaraoNya sAheba ke temanA jevA bIjA e rakama karatAM jeTalI vadhAre levAnI kRpA kare che, teTalI bAkInA 80 TakA jeTalA kheDUtAne echI maLe che. A TIkAnA javAbamAM vAisaraoNya sAheba kAuMsilanI I. sa. 1901nA mArcanI 28mI tArIkhanI sabhAmAM vadyA ke : " eka jAtanA evA lokA A dezamAM che ke je rAtidavasa AkhI duniyAne thALI pITI pITIne kahe kahe kare che ke, hiMdustAna divase divase garIba banatuM jAya che, tathA kheDUtA pAyamAla thavA beThA che. jo A vastusthiti sAcI heta, to huM kadI khATA abhimAnathI tene kabUla karatAM acakAyA na hAta, krRmina kamizane I. sa. 1880mAM bhegA karelA ane I. sa. 1882mAM prasiddha thayelA AMkaDAone AdhAre huM melyA hatA ke, dezanI khetInI kula pedAza 350 thI 400 karoDanI che. * " pachI tA leAkeAe mArA ja AdhAra TAMkI batAvIne kahevA mAMDayu' ke, ' I. sa. 1882mAM hiMdustAnanI mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka 27 rUpiyA hatI te ghaTIne sAmAnya varSomAM 22 rUpiyA thaI gaI che. ane I. sa. 1900mAM te| te ghaTIne 17 rUpiyA thaI gaI che. Ama aMgreja sarakAranA rAjyamAM lokA varSAva garIbAI ane bhUkhamarAmAM vadhAre te vadhAre 112 * joke phaeNmina kamizane tA vadhAremAM vadhAre rakama 350 karoDanI kahI che. chatAM vAisaroya sAhekha te kUdIne 350 thI 400 karoDa sudhI gayA che. paraMtu ekAda be lITI pachI te sAheba kAMI paNa kAraNa vinA 450 karoDanI rakama AgaLa dharavAnA che ! eTale ke, dezamAMnA 8 karoDa mANasanI AkhA varSanI Avaka vAisaroca sAheba mAtra vAta vAtamAM vadhArI zake che ! vAisaraoNya sAheba vadhA 113 sapaDAtA jAya che; chatAM vAisaraoNya sAheba sImalAnI TekarIe esIne jema rAma aLatuM hatuM tyAre tene bAdazAha nIrA phiMDala vagADatA hatA, tema camana karyAM kare che......' paraMtu A bAbatamAM me... cAkkasa tapAsa karI che ane pariNAme mane jaNAyuM che ke, cAkkasa AMkaDA khelavAnI vadhAre paDatI cchAthI te vakhate khetInI pedAza meM 300thI 400 karoDa kahIne ghaNI ochI kahI hatI. paraMtu kharI rIte te Avaka 450 karoDanI che. I. sa. 1880nI gaNatarI pramANe mAtra kheDUtAnI vArSika Avaka 18 rUpiyA hatI. have atyAre khetInI pedAza ochAmAM ochI 223,00,0000 rUpiyA gaNIe, teApaNa mAthA dI: 20 rUpiyA thaze. eTale ke, I. sa. 1880mAM hatI tenA karatAM ghaTavAne badale e rUpiyA jeTalI vadhI che. te ja pramANamAM khetI sivAyanI Avaka paNa vadhI che ema mAnIe, te| AkhA hiMdustAnanI mANasa dITha vArSika Avaka I. sa. 1880nA 27 ne badale 1898-9mAM 30 rUpiyA thaze. joke A badhA AMkaDA cokkasa che ema huM nathI kahevA mAgatA; temaja temAM kalpanA ane aMdAjanA sArI peThe AdhAra levA paDayo che, paraMtu nIcenI AkhatA te cokkasa ja che, eTale temanA AdhAra laIne ApaNe jarUra kahI zakIe ke, kheDUtAnI Avaka ghaTI che ema kAI paNa rIte kahI zakAya nahi, jema ke, dAkhalA tarIke, 1880mAM kheDANa jamIna kula 19 karoDa 40 ekara hatI. paraMtu have te vadhIne 21 karoDa 70 lAkha ekara thaI che. eTale je pramANamAM vasatI vadhI che, te ja pramANamAM kheDANa jamIna paNa vadhI che, eTale leAkeA lAkha vadhu

Page #94
AbAda hiMdustAna! garIba thayA che ema te na ja kahI zakAya. vaLI 1880mAM ekara dITha anAjanI pedAza 730 ratala hatI. jyAre, 1898mAM te vadhIne 740 ratala thaI che. keTalAka dAkhalAmAM kadAca sudharelI khetIne laIne paNa tema banyuM haze; paraMtu, bIjA ghaNI moTI saMkhyAne dAkhalAomAM te sarakAre vadhArelI nahero ane pANInI sagavaDane lIdhe tema banyuM che." vAIsaroya sAheba upara je belyA che, te badhuM sAcuM che ke nahi te have ApaNe tapAsavuM joIe. teo sAheba kahe che ke, I. sa. 1880mAM kheDANa jamIna 194,000,000 ekara hatI te vadhIne hAlamAM 217,000,000 ekara thaI che. eTale ke, temAM 21,000,000 ekarane vadhAro thayo che. te baMne AMkaDAnI bAbatamAM temaNe gaNyuM ja mAryuM che. phemina kamizane ApelA AMkaDA pramANe I. sa. 1880mAM kheDANa jamIne 194,000,000 ekara na hatI paraMtu 182,750,000 ekara ja hatI. tathA DirekaTara janarala opha sTeTIkase jaNAvyA pramANe I. sa. 1898mAM kheDANa jamIna 217,000,000 ekara nathI, paNa mAtra 196,497,232 ekara ja che. eTale ke vAIsaroya sAhebe 2 karoDa dasa lAkha ekara jamInanI beDI ga5 mArI che. teTalA ekaranI kula pedAza, vAIsaroya sAhebanA hisAbe, ekare 740 ratala pramANe 15,540,000,000 ratala thAya; eTale ke te 2 karoDa sATha lAkha mANasanI AkhA varSanI khAdhAkharacI thaI. dhanya che hiMdustAnane, jenA rAjakartAo babbe karoDa mANasanI AkhA varSanI khAdhAkharacI mAtra zabdane baLe ja upajAvI zake che ! vAIsaraoNya sAheba vidyA ApaNe mULa vAta upara AvIe. ApaNe joyuM tema kheDANuM jamInamAM I. sa. 1880 thI 1898nI vacce vAIsaroya sAheba kahe che tema 21,000,000 ekarane vadhAro nathI thayo, paNa 13,747,532 ekarane ja thayo che. have vAIsareya sAheba ema kahe che ke jeTalI vasatI vadhI che, teTalI ja jamIna paNa vadhI che; eTale mULa jamIna upara vadhelI vasatIne beje vadhavAthI loko vadhu garIba thayA che ema na ja kahI zakAya. paNa vastusthiti sAce ja tevI che? jarAya nahi. I. sa. 1880mAM kheDANa jamIna 182,750,000 ekara hatI. (gaNo 183,000,000) ane vastI 191,000,000 mANasanI hatI. eTale ke, 100 mANasa dITha kheDANa jamIna Azare 6 ekara hatI.* vaLI jamInanA ekara vadhavAthI khetInI pedAzamAM vadhAre thavo ja joI e ema nathI. UlaTuM sAmAnya rIte kheDANa jamIna jema jema vadhatI jAya che, ane jaMgale, carA vagere ochAM thatAM jAya che, tema tema jamInane kasa ghaTato jAya che. dAkhalA tarIke phemina kamizana AgaLa judI judI prAMtika sarakAre e ApelA AMkaDA juo: jema jema jamInanuM pramANa vadhyuM, tema tema pedAza ghaTI, e vastu temAMthI spaSTa jaNAze. paMjAba kheDANa jamIna dara ekare anAjanI pedAza varSa (anAjanI) ratala 1880 18,500,000 1898 19,184,655 627 ghaTADe 18 ratala For Private & Personale Only

Page #95
AbAda hiMdustAna! uparAMta, I. sa. 1900mAM jamInane vadhAre 100,00,00 ekarano che. paraMtu vastIne vadhAre 4,0,085,132 che. (brahmadeza bAda karIne ) eTale ke, vadhelI vastIne mAtra 100 mANase 25 ekara jamIna maLe. vAIsaroya sAheba kahe che tema vastInA pramANamAM jamIna paNa vadhI hoya, te kharI rIte 100 mANasa dITha 96 ekara jamIna thavI joItI hatI. eTale, vadhelAM 100 mANasa dITha je 71 ekaranI khAdha paDI, teTale baje kula jamIna upara ja vaze eTale ke leke teTalA garIba banyA.* saMyukta prAMta 1880 31,450,000 1898 35,911,650 764 dhaTADo ka6 madhya prAMta 1880 + 12,000,000 513 1898 14,000,000 dhaTADo 33 ratala * 1933-4nI gaNatarI pramANe briTiza hiMdanI kula mApaNInI jamIna 668,39,414 ekara che. temAM kheDANa jamIna 279885,576 ekara che. e mANase kheDANa jamIna 103 ekara che. Ama dara se mANase kheDANa jamInanuM pramANa vadhyuM lAge che, paNa bIjA dhaMdhAo paDI bhAgavAthI khetI upara AdhAra rAkhanArA kenI saMkhyA vadhI che. I. sa. 1891mAM kula vastInA 60 TakA lake khetI upara AdhAra rAkhanArA hatA. te 1971mAM vadhIne 73 Tako thayA che. ' vAIsaraoNya sAheba vadyA 117 vAIsaraoNya sAheba bIjI dalIla e Ape che ke, I. sa. 1880mAM anAjanI ekara dITha pedAza 730 ratala hatI, ane have 1898mAM 740 ratala thaI che. eTale to cokkasa kahI zakAya ke kheDUtonI temaja dezanI Avaka pahelAMnA karatAM ghaTI te nathI ja. ApaNe e dalIla tapAsIe. tyAra pahelAM huM sarakArI AMkaDAo viSe be zabda vAcakane kahI dauM. sarakArI AMkaDA, koNa jANe zA kAraNathI, paraMtu eTalA khoTA tathA paraspara virodhI hoya che ke, temanA upara AdhAra rAkhavAnI mUrkhAI kAI ja na karI zake. jene deza viSe sAcI mAhitI meLavavI che, tene kadI te AMkaDAo upara AdhAra rAkhe cAle nahi. dAkhalA tarIke 1880nuM mina kamizana ekara dITha dezanI sarerAza pedAza 695 ratalanI ja kahe che; vAisaroya sAheba kahe che tema 730 ratalanI nahi. jyAre, 1898nuM phaeNmina kamizana dezanI ekara dITha pedAza 845 ratala mUke che, vAIsaroya sAhebanA 740 ratala nahi. paraMtu 1898nA mina kamizanavALAone nyAya ApavA khAtara kahevuM joIe ke, temaNe pote ja 84pa ratalanA AMkaDAne khoTo mAne che. haMmezAM te lokone prAMtika sarakAre je AMkaDo pUrA pADe te upara ja AdhAra, rAkhavAnuM hoya che. ane prAMtika sarakAra dareka vakhate - jANe ke vaDI sarakAranI masalatathI ja - dezamAM dukALanuM du:kha bhAre nathI ema sAbita karAvI ApavA jANI joIne vadhArelA tathA beTA AMkaDAo ja Ape che. mina kamizanavALAoe ja jaNAvyuM che: "baMgALanI For Private & Personal use only

Page #96
AbAda hiMdustAna ! sarakAre pUrA pADelA AMkaDA khAsa karIne jarA paNuM mAnI zakAya tema nathI. . . . sAmAnya rIte ame evI bhAnyatAvALA thayA chIe ke, prAMtika sarakAroe amane vadhArI mUkelA, ane keTalAka dAkhalAomAM te bilakula kheTA AMkaDAo ja pUrA pADyA che. . . . muMbaIne AMkaDA paNuM vadhArIne kahelA che. . . . brahmadezanA AMkaDAnuM paNa tema ja." muMbaI sarakArane dAkhalo ja basa thaze. teNe nIce pramANe anAjanI pedAzamAM vadhAre batAvyuM che : jamIna ekara dITha ratala 1880 21,500,000 459 1898 23,233,000 587 vadhAro 128 ratala* have AgalAM vIsa varSane itihAsa dhyAnamAM rAkhIne kANu ema kahI zake ke, nahere tathA taLAva vinAnA muMbaI IlAkAmAM jamInanI pedAzamAM ekara dITha 128 ratalane vadhAro thayo che ? ane jo sAce ja jamInanI pedAzamAM vAisaraoNya sAheba vadyA ATalo maTe 27 TakAno vadhAro thayo hato, te pachI ? ja ilAkAmAM 1897mAM ane pAcho 1899mAM bhayaMkara dukALa zI rIte paDyo ? paraMtu kharI vAta te e che ke, muMbaI sarakArane DirekaTara janarala pote ja ekara dITha jamInanI pedAza ghaTela batAve che. te kahe che ke, "1892mAM taiyAra karelA AMkaDa karatAM havenA AMkaDA ghaNA judA paDe che. mAtra varasAdathI ja jya khetI thAya che, tevA bhAgomAM anAjanI pedAza khUba ghaTI gai che. phakta naherevALA bhAgamAM pedAzanI sarerAzamAM vadhAro thaye che." have muMbaI ilAkAmAM 32 TakA jamIna ja naherevALa che. eTale ke, 96.8 TakA jeTalA bhAgamAM ekara dIra anAjanI pedAza " khUba ghaTI " javA chatAM mAtra 72 TakA jeTalI jamInamAM vadhelI pedAza vaDe AkhA muMbaI ilAkAnI tamAma jamInanI pedAzamAM sarerAza ekara dITha 128 ratalane vadhAro thaI gayo ! ! I. sa. 1880mAM sara je. bI. pelIe 22thI mAMDIne 55 ekara sudhInA kadanAM judA judA bhAganAM khetara-ke jemane bAkInI jamInanAM pratinidhirUpa ja kahI zakAya - temanI pedAzano aMdAja kADhyo hato. te pramANe ekara dITha pedAza anukrame 14 rU; 11 rU; 8 3; 6 rU; ane 3 rU; AvI. eTale ke, ekara dITha sarerAza 8 rUpiyA AvI. anAjane bhAva rUpiye 60 ratalane gaNatAM (joke * judA judA pAkanI ekara dITha pedAza (2talamAM ) hiMdustAna amerikA ITalI ijipta 1916-7 1925-6 (1920-1)cokhA 969 833 1090 2151 1465 ghauM 696 640 1068 846 1446 kapAsa 83 141 - 299 zeraDI 2525 2489 (navA) 10,000 - 1. 1933-4nI gaNatarI pramANe kheDANa jamInanA 9 TakA jamIna naherovALI gaNAya che. For Private & Personal use only

Page #97
870 AkhAda hiMdustAna ! chellAM vIsa varSamAM tevA bhAva vicata ja hatA) ekara dITha sarerAza pedAza 500 ratala thaI. chatAM vAisaroya sAhebe te ja varSanI sarerAza 730 ratala mUkI che. para TUMkAmAM, sarakArI AMkaDA jarAya sAcA hotA nathI. sarakAra kadI te AMkaDA meLavavAnA ja prayatna karatI nathI. kAraNa ke, tenI tema karavAnI marajI nathI. bAkI, hiMdustAna dezamAM cAkkasa AMkaDA meLavavAnI jeTalI sagavaDa che, teTalI duniyAnA kAI dezamAM nathI. kAraNa ke, dUranA gAmaDAne cheDe eka gAya paNa sarakAranI jANa bahAra viyAI zakatI nathI. tenA vAcharaDAne janma tarata sarakArI daphataramAM noMdhAI gayA hAya che. kara ugharAvavAnI jALa paNa sarakAre evI ceAkasAIthI pAtharelI che ke, dariyA kinAre ke sarahada eka maNa anAja paNa sarakAranI jANa bahAra AvI ke jaI zakatuM nathI. AkhA dezamAM ekaranA dasamA bhAga jeTalA TukaDAmAM paNa zuM vAvavAmAM AvyuM che, te paNa vAIsaroya sAhebanA amaladArAe kALajIthI teAMdhI lIdheluM hoya che. te pachI sarakAra khetInI AvakanA ane pedAzanA ceAkkasa ane sAcA AMkaDA kema bhegA karIne bahAra pADatI nathI ? tenuM kAraNa upara jaNAvyuM te ja che ke, tene tema karavAnI marajI nathI. kAraNa ke, te barAbara jANe che ke tevA AMkaDA jo taiyAra karavAmAM Ave, te kheDUtAnI sthiti eTalI badhI nabaLI siddha thAya ke temanI pAsethI eka pAI paNa mahesUla levuM e zaramabharyuM banI jAya. te hiMdustAnanA kheDUtAnI kharI sthiti jANavAnuM kazuM ja sAdhana ApaNI pAse nathI ? vAisaraoNya sAheba kahe vAisaraoNya sAheba vadyA 171 che tema temanI Avaka vadhI che ke ghaTI che, tathA te khare ja sukhazAMtimAM che ke nahi, tenI khAtarI zI rIte karavI ? "ke pachI ApaNe huMmezAM sarakAre dhRSTatAthI rajU karelA jUThThA AMkaDAe AgaLa mUMgA banI esI rahevuM ? A pustakanA viSaya eTale agatyanA ane gabhIra che ke, vAcaka ka'TALI jAya ke na kaMTALI jAya tenI darakAra rAkhyA vinA, tenI sahRdayatA. upara vizvAsa rAkhIne ja lekhaka saMyukta prAMtAmAMthI keTalAMka kheDUtakuTuMkhe, temanI jamIna. temanI Avaka, temanuM devuM ane temanI sthitinA vigatavAra dAkhalA sarakArI amaladArAnA ja riporTomAMthI AkhA ne AkhA ahIM utAravAnA prayatna karaze. te joI ne vAcaka peAte ja, kheDUtanI " vadhelI '" Avaka ane " sukhI ' sthiti viSe cAkkasa khyAla AMdhI zakaze. saMyukta prAMtA I. sa. 1888mAM sarakAre A prAMteAnA " kheDUta temaja majUra varganI Arthika sthitinI tapAsa' karAvI hatI. saMyukta prAMtAnI jamIna ghaNI ja phaLadrupa gaNAya che. eTale tyAMnA kheDUtanI sthitinI vigatA huM te ripoTa mAMthI ApIza, teA vAcaka sahelAIthI dezanA bIjA bhAgAnA kheDUtAnI sthitine khyAla karI zakaze. A riporTa pa sarakAre " khAnagI " tarIke noMdhIne dabAvI rAkhyA che. * mULamAM te vakhatanuM 'vAyavya sarahadanA prAMtA ane aAdhyA' nAma che,

Page #98
mAhapura cakerI 24 , 172 AbAda hiMdustAna! gAmanuM nAma jamIna ekara phalena 20 kula pedAza rU. 21-8-0 mahesUla rU. 21-8-0 kharoTa 10 kula pedAza rU. 62-0-0 mahesUla rU. 32-00 . 13-12-0 devuM karyuM. haTInA 15 pAka niSphaLa gayo; cAra gADAM pULA mAnyA rU. 11-100 mahesUla bharyuM. 50 rU. devuM karyuM. naugAma 10rUM kula pedAza rU. 70-4-0 mahesUla rU. 44-12-0 pAchaluM bAkI mahesUla rU. 154-0-0 hajhArA 103 kula pedAza rU. 67--0 mahesula rU. 40-11-6 AvA rAjya pake kula pedAza rU. 214-0-0 mahesUla rU. 75-0-0 khetInuM kharca rU. 93-2-0 4 mANasanA kuTuMbane AkhuM varSa jIvavA mATe rU. 45-14-0 bAkI rahyA. mehapura 17 kula pedAza rU. 318-0-00 mahesUla rU. 306-0-0 Avaka karatAM kharca rU. 138-9-0 vadhAre AvyuM. devuM karyuM ane ghareNAM vecyAM. vAisaraoNya sAheba vidyA kula pedAza rU. 85-0-0 mahesula 40-0-0 kharcamAM rU. 22-0-0 khAdha, devuM karyuM.. kula pedAza rU. 381-0-0 mahesUla rU. 214-0-0 khetI sivAyanI bIjI Avaka rU. 113-0-0 bacata rU. 25-0-0. 13 kula pedAza rU. 259-0-0 mahesUla rU. 81-15-0 rU. 600 devuM che. rU. 25 mahesUlanA bAkI che. 8 kula pedAza rU. 96-0-0 mahesUla rU. 47-11-6 sarabhara, gaye varSe bI uchInuM ApyuM hatuM.. 1 kula pedAza rU. 20-0-0 mahela rU. 10-0-0 vArSika khAdhAkharca 3, 84-0-0; rU. 30 mahesUla bAkI rU. 100 devuM. kula pedAza rU. 443-6-0 mahesula rU. 107-6-0 mahesula bAkI rU. 141-0-0. devuM rU. 200-0-0. pAchalAM be varSa kharAba gayAM hatAM. For Private & Personal use only

Page #99
174 cakarI nadaramAI vAisaroya sAheba vidyA 8 mahesUla rU. 60-0-0 mahesUla bAkI rU. 170-0-0 AbAda hiMdustAna! kula pedAza rU. 143-0-0 mahesUla rU. 47-9-0 dara varSanuM kuTuMbakharca rU. 96-8-0. mahesUla bAkI rU. 108-0-0. devuM rU. 40-00, gharavakharAnI kiM. rU. 3-8-0 kula pedAza rU. 70-0-0 mahesUla rU. 21-8-0 kuTuMbakharca rU. 116-0-0, mahesUla bAkI rU. 21-8-0. devuM rU. 100-0-0 kula pedAza rU. 738-0-0 mahesUla rU. 150-0-0 kuTuMbakharca rU. 268-0-0. mahesUla tathA kharca peTe devuM karyuM rU. 85-0-0 kula pedAza rU. 16-0-0 mahesUla rU. 7-8-0 kuTuMbakharca rU. 1620-0. devuM 2. 250-0-0 kula pedAza rU. 201-0-0 mahesUla rU. 183-0-0 kuTuMbakharca rU. 223-14-6. devuM piMjarI pa kula pedAza rU. 23-0-0 mahesula rU. 23-0-0 majUrI kare che: "strIone oDhavAnuM kAMI nathI; divasanAM kapaDAbhera ziyALAnI rAta ukaraDAnI tApaNI upara game tema karIne kADhe che." maMdapura 4 kula pedAza rU. 97-1-0 mahesula rU. 59-00 devuM rU. 250-0-0 jhAbatI 1 kula pedAza rU. 5-8-0 mahesUla rU. 2-12-0 - majUrI karavA jAya che. ja kula pedAza rU. 18-8-0 mahesUla rU. 6-9-6 khAvA mATe 656 ratala anAja, uchInuM ApyuM che, 33 TakAnA vyAje. upara cheka chelle ApelA AkhA gAmane kula hisAba nIce pramANe che: gAmanAM kula khAtAM 266 kheDANa jamIna : 1740 pAka vIdhAM jamInanI kula pedAzaH 2. 3480-0-0 sarakArI mahesUla : rU. 1744-7-0 rasimi 14 kula pedAza rU. 4ra-0-0 mahesula rU. 33-1-9 cha jaNanuM kuTuMba, devuM rU. 292-0-0 For Private & Personal use only

Page #100
17 AbAda hiMdustAna ! kuTuMbanAM mANasonI saMkhyA : 145 puruSa, 140 strIo, 71 chokarA ane 69 chokarIe. eTale ke, sarakAra kula pedAzamAMthI 50 TakA jeTale. bhAga mahesula tarIke paDAvI le che. ekara dITha anAjanI pedAza 153 ratala che. dara varSe mAthA dITha khetInI Avaka rU. 4-1-6 paDe che. teTalAmAMthI temaNe khAdhA kharca ane kapaDAMlatAM vagere pUrAM pADavAnAM. leke jIvI rahyA hoya te te Dhorone kAraNe. paraMtu thoDAM varSa upara DhoranI saMkhyA 3000 jeTalI hatI te ghaTIne 1055 thaI gaI che. ane te ghaTADAnuM kAraNa tyAMne paTavArI e Ape che ke, "roge vadhyA che ane gaucara jamIna ochI thaI gaI che." eTAvAnA kalekaTara mi. eNlekajhAnDara, tahasIladAre e ApelI vigate uparathI tAraNa kADhIne lakhe che : "badhAM sAmAnya varSa daramyAna, leke, varSane 3 bhAga devuM karIne ja jIve che. ane kaparAM varSo daramyAna kAM to temane devuM vadhArI mUkavuM paDe che, yA te ghareNAM, Dhora, ke bIjuM je kAMI vecI zakAya tevuM hoya, te vecI devuM paDe che. . . . ekAda varSa kharAba Ave te te leke upara jaNAvyuM te rIte nabhAvI le che, paraMtu jo varSo uparAuparI kharAba Ave che, te temanI sthiti ekadama bhayaMkara thaI jAya che. leNadAra AgaluM moTuM devuM bAkI hovAthI navA rUpiyA dhIrate nathI. eTale sAmAnya rIte dareka kheDUtane anAjanI sakhata taMgIthI ghaNuM ja veThavuM paDe che. mathurA jillAmAM te AvI taMgIne kAraNe I. sa. 1878 thI 1883 sudhImAM kheDUtonI meTI saMkhyA - vAisaraoNya sAheba vidyA 177 pitAnAM gharabAra, rAcaracIluM choDIne bIjA bhAgamAM kaI sagAMvahAlAMnI ethe rahevA ke jyAM rejI maLatI hoya tyAM majUrI karavA cAlI gaI che." zAhajahAnapura viSe lakhatAM teo jaNAve che ke: jenI pAse bilakula jamIna nathI, ane je mAtra majUrI karIne ja gujAro calAve che, tevA lokonI sthiti joIe tevI saMtoSakAraka nathI. puruSa, tenI strI ane tenAM chokarAM badhAM ja kAma karavA jAya te paNa, teo mahine 3 rUpiyAthI vadhAre kamAI zakatAM nathI. jyAre anAjanA bhAva sastA ke sAdhAraNa hoya, rojI paNa niyamita maLatI hoya, tathA kuTuMbanAM badhAM mANasonI tabiyata kAma karI zake tevI nIrogI hoya, te temanI AvakamAMthI temane dahADAmAM eka TaMka, pUratuM khAvAnuM maLI rahe, ghAsa chAyeluM chAparuM temanA mAthA upara kAyama rahe, kaMIka sastu kApaDa paheravA maLI rahe, tathA kaI koI vAra ekAda pAtaLA kAmaLo teo kharIdI zake. A kuTuMbane TADha ane varasAdathI khUba ja sahana karavuM paDe che. kAraNake, temanI pAse pUratAM kapaDAM hatAM nathI ane devatA saLagAvAya teTalAM lAkaDAM kharIdI zakAya teTalA paisA paNa hotA nathI." alhAbAda DivijhananA kamiznara mi. laeNrejo sAheba bAMdA ane hamIrapura viSe lakhatAM jaNAve che: ahIMnA garIba vargo ane ardhA bhUkhamarA vacce jarA paNa aMtara nathI. paNa tene upAya che ?" - te ja vibhAganA kalekTara mi. vAITa jaNAve cheH

Page #101
AbAda hiMdustAna ! " mane pUchavAmAM Ave ke hiMdustAnanA leAkeAne rAja peTapUratuM khAvAnuM maLatuM nathI e vAta kharI che? -- tene A sivAya jo kaze! javAba huM na garIba vargAnAM zarIra uparathI ja cAkhkhuM ke temane rAja ardho bhUkhyA rahevuM paDe che.' sItApura DivijhananA kamiznara mi. eTjha judAM judAM gAmanA mukhya dAkhalAo uparathI gaNatarI karIne tAravaNI kADhe che keH " khetImAMthI dara varSe meATI ummaranA kheDUta dITha 14 rUpiyA pedAza thAya che ane bALaka dITha 7 rU. 2 AnA thAya che." have te jaNAve che: " jelamAM ApaNA kedIene ApaNe enAthI paNa eche . kharace rAkhIe chIe; chatAM te AvyA hoya che tenAthI vadhu nIroga sthitimAM pAchA jAya che." AkhI duniyAmAM " prajAnA hitanAM bhalAmAM bhalAM kAryoM karanArI ' aMgreja sarakAranA amaladAra kheDUta prajAnI sthitinI jelanA kedIonI sthiti sAthe sarakhAmaNI karIne saMteSa mAne che. e vicitra che, te amaladAra dezanI kula vastInA 85 TakA jeTalA bhAgane kUtarAM karatAM paNa hIna dazAmAM rAkhI mUkavA mAge che. joka te kahe che teTaluM paNa kharuM heta, te paNa kaI vAMdheA nathI. kAraNake, kheDUtane te jelanA kedI jeTaluMya khAvAnuM maLatuM nathI. te kamiznara je bhAga viSe lakhe che, te saMyukta prAMtAmAM ja : 178 Divijhana jelamAM DisTrikaTa jelamAM meTala jelamAM kedI dITha khAdhAma 18-1-8 35 22 35 ApI zakuM ke, dekhAI Ave che "" rU. A. pA. Ave che. 24-6-103 15-8-11 39 27 vAisaraoNya sAheba vaghA 179 temAM paNa yAda rAkhavAnuM ke, A AMkaDA I. sa 1867-8nA che ke jyAre bAjarIneA bhAva rUpiye 50 ratala hatA. paraMtu eDjha sAheba je varasanI vAta kare che, te varase eTale ke I. sa. 1882mAM tene bhAva rUpiye 43 ratala ja che. eTale kejelanA kedI jevA khArAka svataMtra kheDUta khAya te| paNa, tene khAdhAkhamAM ja rU. 3-9-8runI khAdha Ave. chatAM, meTjha sAheba kahe che, ke " hAla turata kheDUtanI sthitimAM sudhArA karavAnI kAMI ja jarUra nathI." have beTjha sAhebanA vibhAganAM ja judAM judAM mukhya 20 gAmaDAMnI jarA vigatavAra tapAsa karIe. sAthe sAthe eTaluM yAda rAkhavuM ke, I. sa. 1882nA bhAvanA hisAbe kedInA jevA khorAka khAya tApaNu meTI uMmaranA mANasane 18 rU. 4 A. kharca Ave, ane nAnA cheAkarAne rU. 9 Ave. gAmaDAnuM nAma kuTuMbanAM kula pedAza AkhA varSamAM khAdhAkhamAM khAdha paDatI khAdha keTalA mANasa rUpiyA 13-00 (bacata 14-4-0) tarkama 33 22 "" rUpiyA 69-12 --0 96-0--0 14 136----. 21 241-12-0 du 41---- ---?& TakA 18 25 .

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180 * AbAda hiMdustAna! bharatapura 5 62-4-0 10-0--0 7 62-2-0 37-4-0 33 5 61-12-0 20-4-0 25 7 72-4-0 7ra-0-0 28 karavAna 10 195-8-0 (bacata 50-0-0) 10 91-12-0 54-12-0 33 8 90-12-0 99-4-0 9 behatA sidhAI 6 50-5-6 31-6-6 24 - 5 57-3-6 (bacata 3-0-0) 4 28-8-0 26-0-0 50 2 35-12-0 0-12-0 . 10 : 97-2-0 68-6-0 33 5 38-14-0 19-6-0 30 13 106-5-6 84-14-10 50 ke, 13 110-2-0 43-10-0 24 eTale ke 20 mAMthI bacatavALAM kuTuMba 3 temanI kula bacata rU. 67-4-0 khAdhavALAM kuTuMba 17 temanI kula khAdha rU. 564-1- kula khAdha rU. 496-13-0 eTale ke, kuTuMba dITha dara varSe 24 rUpiyAnI khAdha AvI. ane khAdhavALAM 17 kuTuMbanI ja gaNatarI karIe, te kuTuMba dITha rU. 31-6 AnA khAdha AvI ane A vAisaraoNya sAheba vaghA 181 gAme viSe ja mi. bojhane lakhavAnuM yogya lAgyuM che ke : "dareka mANasane pUratuM khAvAnuM maLe che ane majUrI karanArAne paNu joIe teTalA pramANamAM maLe che." beTjha sAheba I. sa. 1889mAM penzana upara IgleMDa pAchI gayA che. eTale teo sAheba haju jIvatA haze. pilA kaMgALa bhUkhe maratA lokonI AvakamAMthI maLatA pinsa vaDe cenamAM pitAnI janmabhUmimAM jIvana gALatA te sAhebanI najare je A lITIo paDe, te teo sAhebane vinaMtI che ke, temaNe te lokonI sthiti viSe khoTA beTA ane jUThA ahevAla lakhIne te garIba lokone je pArAvAra nukasAna karyuM che, tene badalo ApavA kaMIka karI chUTe. phaijhAbAda DivijhananA kamiznara mi. heriMgTana potAnA riporTamAM jaNAve che : hiMdustAnanA lokone pUratuM khAvAnuM maLatuM nathI e bUma kharI che ke beTI che, e praznanA javAbamAM huM jaNAvavA mAguM chuM ke, kheDUtonI devAdAra sthitine UMDA tathA lAMbA anubhava pachI mArI khAtarI thaI che ke, hiMdustAnanA moTA bhAganA lokone varSanA meTA bhAga daramyAna peTa pUratuM khAvAnuM nathI ja bhaLatuM. have je tame mane pUcho ke, tevA lokonI saMkhyA keTalI che, te huM jaNAvavA mAguM chuM ke AkhA hiMdustAnanI vastIne ? me bhAga, eTale ke strI, puruSa ane bALake maLIne kula cAra karoDa mANase, eTale ke kula vastInA 20 TakA jeTalA loke. temAM paNa pAMca TakA jeTalA ke te haDahaDatA bhUkhamarAmAM sapaDAyelA che." For Private & Personal use only

Page #103
182 AbAda hiMdustAna! rAyabarelIne DepyuTI kamiznara mi. irvina jaNAve che: 20 ke 30 varSa pahelAM ekara dITha jeTalo pAka Utarata hatuM, teTale have nathI ja Utarato, e vAta upara atyAre badhA ja pramANabhUta mANaso ekamata che. tenAM khAsa kAraNo: ekane eka khetaramAMthI vAraMvAra levAmAM AvatA ekane eka pAka; jaMgalomAMthI lAkaDAM bhaLatAM baMdha thavAthI lokoe bALavA mAMDeluM khAtara; kheDANa jamIna vadhavAthI ane gaucara jamIna ghaTavAthI DhoranI vadhI gayelI kiMmata; temanI saMkhyAmAM thayelo ghaTADe ane te kAraNe ochuM ane madhuM thayeluM khAtara -e che. have garIba lokone peTabharIne khAvAnuM maLe che ke nahi, te savAlanA javAbamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, temAMnA ghaNA meTA bhAgane sArAM varSo daramyAna, divasamAM eka vAra to khAvAnuM maLe che. temane peTapUratuM khAvAnuM maLe che ema huM kahI zakato nathI. jema jema ApaNe hidI kheDUta ane majUranI sthiti viSe vadhu vicAra karIe chIe, tema tema ApaNane cokakasa khAtarI thayA vinA nathI ja rahetI ke, temanI ane bhUkhamarA vacce vadhu lAMbu aMtara nathI....... meTI maTI jamInavALA kheDUte kadAca, bIjA dhaMdhAnI madadathI, sArAM varSomAM taMgI nahi veThatA hoya. paNa nAnA nAnA kheDUto ke jemanI saMkhyA khAsa karIne mATI che, teo haMmezAM bhUkhamarAnI aNI upara ja rahe che... zAhukAra pAse kareluM devuM ja temane temAM gabaDI paDatAM bacAve che. vAIsaraoNya sAheba vidyA 183 meM karelI tapAsane pariNAme jaNAvyuM che ke, eka gAmamAM 173 bhANase vacce 10 kAmaLA, 16 rajAI ane 24 godaDIo hatI. eTale ke temAMthI piN bhAga jeTalA loke pAse ziyALAnI kaDakaDatI TADhamAM sAmAnya cAdara sivAya bIjuM kazuM eADhavAnuM sAdhana hatuM nahi. joke mi. gArTalane karelI tapAsamAM te 71 mANasa vacce ATha kAmaLA, be rajAI ane 5 godaDIo ja mAlUma paDyAM hatAM. bicArAM Dhorane te dANa dekhavAne ja maLato nathI. baLadone paNa dANa kema nathI maLatuM ema mane pUcho, te tene javAba eka ja che ke, "mANasone ja pUratA dANA nathI maLatA, to pachI Dhorane te kyAMthI maLe?" " tyAra bAda temaNe 30 kheDUtonI Avaka ane devAnA vigatavAra AMkaDA ApyA che. temano sAra nIce mujaba che : 30mAMthI mAtra 8 ne ja devuM nathI. bAkInA 20ne 794 rUpiyAnuM devuM che. tenA upara temane 202 rUpiyA eTale ke 25 thI 26 TakA lekhe vyAja bharavuM paDe che. eTale ke, darekane sarerAza 36 rUpiyAnuM devuM che ane tenA upara 9 rUpiyA vyAja bharavAnuM che. dareka kuTuMbanI Avaka 60 rUpiyA che. ane mAthAdITha Avaka 10 rUpiyA che. DhoranI saMkhyA ghaTatI javAnuM kAraNa batAvatAM te lakhe che. "pazuonI saMkhyAmAM meTe ghaTADo thavAnuM tathA temanI jAta UtaratI javAnuM kAraNa, dara varSe satata ghaTatI jatI gocara jamIna che. lekenI vadhatI jatI vastIne For Private & Personal use only

Page #104
vAlI karavAthI vadhu yA ja AkAraNI tarIke AbAda hiMdustAna! piSavA mATe gocara jamInane toDI teDIne khetI heThaLa ANavI na joIe. paraMtu jeTalI kheDANa jamIna che, tene nahero vagerenI sagavaDathI vadhu upajAu banAvavI joIe. uparAMta, loko mATe navA navA dhaMdhA UbhA karavA joIe. mAre te cokkasa abhiprAya che ke, navI AkAraNI vakhate dareka gAma dITha, kula jamInanA 10 TakA jamIna gocara tarIke alaga rAkhavI, ane tenA uparanuM tamAma mahesUla sarakAre mApha karavuM. te jamInamAM vaLI sArAM baLataNa vagerene upayogI evAM jhADa paNa ropAvavAM jethI lokone baLataNa ane Dhorone pUratuM ghAsa maLe. ema thavAthI eka bAju DhoranI saMkhyA paNa vadhaze tathA bIjI bAju lake baLataNa mATe chANa bALI nAkhatA aTakaze; eTale khetIne paNa puSkaLa khAtara maLavAthI behada phAyado thaze. eka bIjI paNa "adhArmika' mAnyatA huM dharAvuM chuM ane te ahIM kabUla karI dauM. mAruM cokkasa mAnavuM che ke, dezamAM amuka hada sudhI bhAva caDe ke tarata sarakAre paradeza caDatA dANAnI baMdhI karI devI joIe. uparAMta, sarakAranuM mahesUla bharavA khAtara kheDUtane khaLAmAMthI ja dANA vecI devA paDe che eTale tene tenA dANAne sAre bhAva Upaja nathI, ane vacale vepArI badhe naphe khAI jAya che. mATe sarakAre mahesUlanA hatA cAra che te vadhArIne ATha karavAM joIe. " sarakAre 1881nA DisembaramAM TharAva te karyo che ke, bhAre mahesUlathI ke mahesUla ugharAvavAnI pratikULa paddhatithI, vAjabI dare nANAM udhAra maLI na zakatAM hovAthI ke pANI vAisaraoNya sAheba vadyA 185 ane khetInAM ojAronA abhAvathI khetIne thatuM nukasAna aTakAvavA yogya pagalAM bharI zakAya tema che ke nahi te tapAsatA rahevAnI sarakAra potAnI khAsa pharaja mAne che '; paraMtu atyAra sudhI te TharAva badhI bAbatemAM kacarApeTIne kAgaLa ja rahyo che." mi. kaeNrbana pitAnA riporTamAM jaNAve che, "I. sa. 1884mAM sarakAre kheDUtone tagAvI tarIke nANAM dhIravAne karAve karyo che ane te mATe jillA dITha amuka rakama alaga paNa kADhavAmAM Ave che. paraMtu bahu thoDA ja jillAomAM kheDUte, te nahi jevI rakamane paNa upayoga karatA haze. kAraNa ke teo nANAM uchInAM levA mATe sarakAra karatAM gAmanA zAhukAra pAse javuM ja vadhu pasaMda kare che. kAraNake, zAhukAra te tenA pitAnA gAmamAM ja rahetA hoya che eTale ekAda kalAkanI vAtacIta pachI tarata ja tene joItAM nANAM maLI jAya che. jyAre, sarakAra pAsethI nANAM uchInAM levA jatAM tene TheTha jillAnA mathaka sudhI keTalAya dhakakA khAdhA karavA paDe che. uparAMta tahesIla, gAma ane jillAnA amaladArone pUratA saMkhyA pachI traNa cAra mahine paNa tenI arajI maMjUra thavAnI ja che evuM kazuM nakkI hotuM nathI. tema chatAM dhAro ke tene joItA paisA maLyA. te paNa te tamAma rakama bIje varSe amuka TharAvele hapate ane TharAvele vakhate acUka vasUla karI levAnI hoya che. bhale pachI te varSe tene pAka niSphaLa gayo hoya ke bIjA kAraNoe tenI sthiti kharAba thaI hoya. A badhAM kAraNone lIdhe kheDUta sAmAnya rIte sarakArane vyAjano dara 6 TakA hovA chatAM zAhukAranAM zAhukAra nANAM uchInAM ke upayoga karI eTale tene "tane jAya che. jo nathI, cAra che te For Private & Personal use only

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181 AbAda hiMdustAna! 37 TakA jeTalA daranAM nANAM uchInAM lAvavAnuM vadhu pasaMda kare che. mArA ja vibhAgane dAkhalo ApuM. amuka 12 gAmanI gaNatarI karatAM jaNAyuM che ke, temaNe zAhukAra pAsethI mAtra Dhora vagerenI kharIdI mATe kareluM devuM 63,449 rUpiyAnuM che. jyAre, kula 535 gAmaDAMmAM thaIne sarakAra pAsethI lIdhelI rakama mAtra 8,646 rUpiyAnI ja che." mi. gAlane kula 71 mANasonAM 13 kheDUta kuTuMbanI vigatavAra tapAsa karI che, tenuM pariNAma nIce mujaba che : kula Avaka : (devAnI rakama sAthe): rU. 1442-12-0 khetInuM kharca rU. 155-8-0 mahesUla : 253-12-0 vyAja : 128-8-0 kula kharca: rU. 23-12-0 bAkI bacata : 905-0-0 devAnI rakama bAda: 391-0-0 bAkI rU. 514-0-0 eTale ke, kuTuMba dITha 40 rUpiyA ane mAthA dITha 8 rUpiyAnI dara varSe Avaka che. have te varSanA bhAva gaNatAM bAjarI jevA halakA anAja mATe paNa temanI gaNatarI mujaba AkhA varSamAM thaIne : mANasane rU. 23-0-0 joIe. bALakane rU. 14-0-0 joIe. paNa temane badhAne sarerAza maLe che. mAtra 8 rUpiyA ! vAisaraoNya sAheba vidyA muMbaI ilAke DirekaTara oNpha eNgrikalcare AmavarganI Arthika tapAsa karIne je riporTa I. sa. 1887-8 mAM taiyAra karyo che, te uparathI jaNAya che: " hiMdustAnane bagIco' kahevAtA gujarAtamAM kula vastI 2,857,731 mANasenI che. temAM garIba varganA loke 47 TakA eTale ke 1,335,048 jeTalA che. e prAMtamAM jIvananirvAhanuM ochAmAM ochuM kharca varSe 28 rUpiyA che. have teo sAheba jaNAve che ke: amadAvAda jillAmAM kheDUta kuTuMbomAMthI 10 TakA jeTalA bhAgane temanAM khetaramAMthI 9 mahinA gujarAna cAle teTalI Avaka thAya che. kheDA jillAmAM 41 TakA jeTalAM kheDUta kuTuMbane khetaramAMthI varSanA 3 mahinA cAle teTalI Avaka thAya che. bharucamAM 10 TakA jeTalA kheDUtone varSamAMthI mAtra 6 mahinAnI kharacI nIkaLe teTalI Avaka khetaramAMthI thAya che. surata jillAmAM 15 TakA jeTalAne varSamAMthI 6 mahinA nIkaLe teTalI Avaka thAya che ane paMcamahAlamAM (TakA jaNAvyA nathI) 10 mahinA cAle teTalI pedAza thAya che. tyAre te ke varSanA bAkInA bhAgamAM kema karIne jIve che? DirekTara sAheba ja jaNAve che ke : "khetInI mosamamAM paNa zAhukAra ja kheDUtane jIvato rAkhe che, ane pAka taiyAra thayo ke te badho paDAvI laI Jain Education Internation For Private & Personal use only

Page #106
188 AbAda hiMdustAna! pitAne napho meLave che. khetInI mosama pUrI thaI ke pachI kheDUtane majUrI karIne ja gujarAna calAvavuM paDe che." - have jarA dakSiNamAM jaI e. DirekaTara sAheba jaNAve che ke, "garIba varganA lokone sArAM varSomAM paNa dukALanI saMbhavitatA ghaNI moTI asara kare che." ane te "garIba varganI " saMkhyA dara pAMca mANase 1 mANasanI che. DirekaTara sAheba kabUla kare che ke, "badhA ja pramANabhUta lekhake kahe che tema, kheDUtone khetInI pedAzamAMthI AkhA varSanuM khAdhAkharca maLI zakatuM nathI." nIce jillAvAra keTalA TakA kheDUtone khetImAMthI keTalA mahinAnI kharI maLe che te jaNAvyuM che. jillA keTalA TakA kheDUte khetImAMthI varSanA keTalA mahinAnuM kharca maLe che nAzika 65 (devuM bharyA bAda) khAnadeza ahamadanagara 25 (devuM gaNyA vinA ja) 5 vAisaraoNya sAheba vathA 189 Do. kaeNrniza karelI gaNatarI mujaba I. sa. 1877-78nA dukALamAM 800,000 mANase marI gayAM hatAM, sArAM varSamAM paNa Azare 400,000 mANase eTale ke kula vastInA 9 "TakA jeTalo bhAga jIvananirvAha jeTaluM pedA karI zakatA nathI. tathA 1,100,000 mANasane eTale ke vastInA cothA bhAgane roja peTapUratuM khAvAnuM maLatuM nathI : ema chatAM muMbaI sarakAre A prAMta mATe je tAravaNI lakhI mekalI che, te A pramANe che: "dakSiNamAM kyAMya moTA vistAramAM phelAyeluM saMkaTa jovAmAM AvatuM nathI." A dakSiNIo te bhAre vicitra leke !! mi. kroI sAheba kahe che, "dakSiNIne vadhAre Avaka maLe te paNa te badhI ja kharacI nAkhe che. Aje piTapUratuM khAvAnuM maLyuM eTale AvatI kAlano te vicAra ja karatA nathI." zAbAza ! ! duniyAnA badhA loko peTapUratuM khAvAnuM maLe tyAre aDadhA bhUkhyA rahIne ja calAvI le che : khAsa karIne te krepharDa sAhebanA dezabhAI aMgreja ke. paraMtu A dukhaNuo te peTa pUratuM khAvAnuM kharIdAya eTalA paisA maLyA ke tarata peTa bharIne khAI levAnuM ja samaje che, ane aDadhA bhUkhyA rahI cheDA paisA bacAvavAnuM samajatA ja nathI ! ! karNATakamAM 2,385,414 mANasanI vastI che. temAM garIba varganA lokonI saMkhyA 356,900 che. mi. spensanA jaNAvyA pramANe jIvananirvAhanuM dhoraNa A selApura satArA 37 satArA jillo e khAnadeza bAda karatAM phaLadrupamAM phaLa65 jillo che ane selApura e garIbamAM garIba jillo che. eTale DirekaTara sAhebe selApuranI ApelI vigate keTalI sAcI haze, te vAcaka ja ka9pI leze. For Private Personale Only

Page #107
? che bae 2 AbAda hiMdustAna! prAMtamAM mAthA dITha 18 zi. 4 pensa che. paraMtu A ja prAMtamAM jelanuM khAdhAkharca mAthA dITha " 27 zi. 2 pinsa (20 rU. 8 A.), athavA jelanI dIvAla bahAra kAma karanAra kedI dITha 33 zi. 8 pensa (25 rU. 4 A. 6 pAI) che". eTale ke, sarakAranA kedI karatAM paNa sarakAranA kheDUtanuM jIvananirvAhanuM dhoraNa ochuM che. DirekaTara sAheba jaNAve che ke, "ripeTa karanAra badhA amaladAre saMmata thAya che ke, kheDUtonA moTA bhAgane jamInanI UpajamAMthI AkhA varSanuM gujarAna cAlI zake teTaluM maLatuM nathI." jille keTalA TakA kheDUto keTalA mahinA devuM bharyA bAda jeTaluM khAdho kharca khetImAMthI maLe che belagAma pa0 dhAravAra vijApura chatAM A vastusthitimAMthI DirekaTara sAheba eTalI ja tAravaNI kADhe che ke: "haju karNATakanA kheDUtemAMthI koI paNa varga mATe saMkaTanivAraNanAM khAsa pagalAM levAnAM zarU karavAM paDe ema nathI. haju rAha joI zakAya tema che." kAMkaNaH vastI 2,09,100 : garIba varga 543,700 "badhA riporTo ekI avAje kahe che ke, kheDUto khetImAMthI AkhA varSanuM khAdhAkharca meLavI zaktA nathI." vAisaraoNya sAheba vidyA jillA keTalA TakA kheDUte keTalA mahinA jeTaluM devuM bharyA bAda khAdhAkharca khetI mAMthI maLe che thANuM 20 ) kalAbA 55 ratnAgiri 6 , kAnarAnI vigato nathI. riporTa jaNAve che: "e to spaSTa che ke ratnAgiri jillAmAM sArAM varSo daramyAna paNa vastIne joItuM anAja pedA thatuM nathI." ghATa taraphanA kheDUto mATe mi. dhumAIna kahe che ke, unALAmAM vastInA meTA bhAgane bhUkha maTe teTaluM khAvAnuM maLatuM nathI. mi. renDa kahe che ke, vastInA 3 bhAgane, ane mi. kenDI kahe che ke, vastInA 3 bhAgane. paraMtu mi. kaeNpharDa jaNAve che ke " sahyAdrinA DhoLAva ane kAra upara eka paNa sAruM comAsuM evuM nathI hotuM ke jyAre lokone dukALanuM saMkaTa veThavuM paDatuM na hoya." ' "hiMdustAnanA bagIcA " gujarAta mATenI tAravaNI jevA jevI che. DirekaTara sAheba jaNAve che: "kaI paNa jillAmAM bhUkhathI maraNa nIpajyAM hoya evuM batAvI zakAya tema nathI." paraMtu bharucano kalekaTara kahe che :- "tAvathI nIpajelAM tarIke gaNavAmAM AvatAM je asaMkhya bharaNe hoya che, temAMnA moTA bhAganuM kAraNa bhUkhamaro tathA kapaDAM ane yogya raheThANane abhAva hoya che." ane te kalekaTarane AkhA dezanA moTAmAM moTA meDikala ophisarane Teke che ke, For Private & Personal use only

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192 vAisaraoNya sAheba vadyA 19 seTalameMTa ripeTa jotAM mAluma paDe che ke, je jamIne harAja karI devAmAM AvI hatI temAMthI 3822 TakA jeTalI jamIna kaI kharIdanAra na maLavAthI sarakArane ja rAkhI levI paDe hatI. Agale varSe te 56.28 TakA jeTalI jamIna rAkhI levI paDI hatI. 1893mAM mi. rejarsa jaNAve che ke, "harAjIthI vecelI 1,963,364 ekara jamInamAMthI 1,874,143 ekara jeTalI, eTale ke lagabhaga 60 TakA jeTalI jamIna kaI kharIdanAra na maLavAthI sarakArane ja rAkhI levI paDI che. '' AbAda hiMdustAna! dakALa sivAyanAM sArAM varSamAM paNa je cAra karoDa bharaNuM tAvathI nIpajelAM tarIke noMdhelAM hoya che, temAMnAM eka karoDa kharI rIte bhUkhamarAthI ja nIpajelAM hoya che." madrAsa "hiMdu" patra lakhe che: "sUkI " jamIna upara kharI rIte kula pedAzanA 12 thI 28 TakA mahesula levAmAM Ave che ane "bhInI" jamIna upara 16 thI 31 TakA levAmAM Ave che, chatAM sarakAra te ema ja kahe che ke ame sUkI jamIna upara pedAzanA 5 thI 10 TakA ane bhInI jamIna upara 10 thI 166 TakA mahesula laIe chIe. paNa juo badhA ja jillAnAM koSTaka : sUkI : mahesUla TakA bhInIH mahesUla TakA kuDappA 20,17,12 kIsTanA 15,18 nelora 18 kuranula 16,13,17 16,17,18,19 cIngalapeTa 15 20 dakSiNa ArkiTa - 15 tricinApalI 13 28 tinevelI 25 sAlema 12,13 17,21 eka paNa ThekANe sarakAranA jaNavelA AMkaDA che? "sarakAra potAnA mahesUlanA bejAne yogya tathA samAna rIte vahecelo gaNe che. paraMtu nelerane I.sa. 1898-99 ne 21 chatAM sarakAra potAnuM mahesUla yogya, pramANasara ane haLavuM gaNe che. paMjAba ( A prAMtanI hakIkata huM lorDa DapharIne karAvelI 1887nI tapAsanA riporTamAMthI ja ApavAno chuM.) garagAunanA DepyuTI kamiznara mi. mekonezI sAheba jaNAve cheH "sArAM varSomAM anAjanI khAsa taMgI jaNAtI nathI; paraMtu jIvananirvAhanuM dhoraNa bhayabharelI rIte nIcuM che: bhAvamAM saheja vadhAre thAya, ke tabiyatanA bagADane kAraNe majUrI ochI maLe, ke tarata ja muzkelI zarU thAya che. vastI vadhAro aTakAvanArA' roga duHkhabharelI rIte vyApelA che ane khAsa karIne gharaDAMo ane bALako upara temanuM jora vadhAre che. . . . vAstavika bhUkhamaro nathI hota teve varSe paNa, eka samaya evo Ave che ke, jyAre lokone kAca pAka, mULiyAM ane jaMgalI phaLa, Arogyane nukasAna thAya teTalA moTA pramANamAM khAIne ja jIvatA For Private & Personal use only

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194 AbAda hidustAna ! rahevuM paDe che. keTalAya lAMbA samaya sudhI temane tevI vastuo upara jIvavuM paDe che. A khArAkathI temanI pAcanazakti bagaDI jatI heAvI joI e tathA temanI zaktimAM paNa meATA ghaTADA thatA hAvAjo e. maeNleriyA jevA rAge AvA garIba laoNkAnAM kSINu zarIra upara dhasArA karIne varSARtunA divaseAmAM je saMhArakArI dhamasANa macAvI mUke che, tenuM kAraNa paNa e ja che. jyAre khAvAnuM kAMI ja maLI zake tema rahetuM nathI, tyAre gAma, deza ke jillA tarapha khyAla karyA vinA tee ghara cheADIne jyAM zarIra ane jIva bhegA rAkhI zakAya teTalI majUrI ke kamANI maLI zake tema heAya che, tyAM du:khanA mAryAM cAlI jAya che. khare ja teone jIvatA rahevA mATe tanatoDa prayatna karavA paDe che. ' krirAjapuranA DepyuTI kamiznara mi. arce je ripoTa mekalyA hatA, temAM teNe jaNAvyuM che ke : " joke sarahiMda kenAla phajhalakA tahesIlamAM thaIne pasAra thAya che, te paNa A kamanasIba gAmiDayAene te tenAthI kazA ja lAbha thaye nathI. keTalIka jagAe jamIna retALa che, athavA te pANInI sapATIthI ghaNI UMcI che. 33 gAmeAmAMnA ghaNA kSeAkA tA eTale sudhI garIbImAM sapaDAyA che ke, keTalAyane rAtre bhUkhyA ja rahevuM paDe che. 24 kalAkamAM be vAra khAvAnuM te temane bhAgye maLe che.... mAsamamAM saheja paNa pheraphAra thAya che H jarA paNa varasAda ochA paDe che, ke tarata muzkelI zarU thAya che. pariNAme jarA paNa pAka echA Utare che ke tarata dukALanA DaMkha mAlUma paDe che; ane pAka niSphaLa jAya vAisaraoNya sAheba vA 195 che te to bhUkhamarA ja zarU thAya che. leAkA pAse bacata jevuM kAMI paNa hAtuM ja nathI. " zAhapuranA AsisTaMTa jaNAve che: kamiznara mi. eNDavAyara " thalanI aMdara teA jamInanI have kiMmata ja rahI nathI. ane saheja paNa sUkuM varSa dekhIne leNadAre| jamIna upara eka pAI paNa dhIravA taiyAra thatA nathI. pariNAme jIvananI jarUriyAtAnI bhayaMkara ane utkaTa taMgI thaI gaI che. keTalAMya dharAmAM anAjanA eka dANA paNa rahyo nathI. leAkeA jaMgalanAM jhADajhAMkharAMnAM khabhegAM karI daLIne khAya che. temAM te lAkaDAnA vaheramAM jarAya phera nathI. savAra thaI ke gAmaDAMnI strIe sAvaraNI laIne bAkarAnAM khiyAM vALavA jAya che. turapura ane bIjA gAmaDAMmAM tA te biyAMnI paNa have kiMmata UpajavA mAMDI che ane e . mane 1 rUpiyA bese che.. nurapura, khula6, adukATa ane adhisaragala e gAmeAmAM te meM jAte jaIne 4 judAM judAM gharanI tapAsa karI. te mAtra pAMcanI aMdara ja dANA jevuM kaMIka mane jovA maLyuM. bAkInAM badhAM gharemAM puruSA, strIo ane bALakA AkarAnAM biyAM upara ja jIvatAM hatAM. e badhAM bhUkhamarAnA jaDabAmAM ja UbhAM heAya tevAM dekhAtAM hatAM. A varNana anu, derAIsmAIlakhAna ane jaMganA pradezane paNa lAgu paDe che. calanI aMdara meAsama evI anizcita che ke dazamAMthI e ke traNa varSa sukANu ja hAya che." eNksTrA AsisTanTa kamiznare karelA riporTamAM lakhyuM cheH " mArA pahelA riporTa mekalyA pachI meM AMkaDA bhegA

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paNa vA jillAmAM aDadhA ja A che. AbAda hiMdustAna! karavAnuM ane khAsa anubhavI mANase bhAraphate tapAsa karavAnuM cAlu ja rAkhyuM che. meM AkhA jillAnA judA judA bhAgamAMthI judA judA 200 dAkhalAo bhegA karyA che. pariNAme mAre evA siddhAMta upara AvavuM ja paDayuM che ke, nAnA nAnA kheDUtone moTA bhAga roja aDadhe bhUkhyA rahe che. . . je bhAgamAM varasAda upara ja khetIne AdhAra, che, tyAM te taMgIne kAraNe varasAdanI achata gaNI zakAya. paNa vicitra vAta te e che, ke kuvA vagerenI pUratI sagavaDavALA jillAomAM paNa e ja sthiti mAlUma paDe che. eTale, lekanA A aDadhA bhUkhamarAnuM kAraNu varasAdanI taMgI che ema na ja kahI zakAya, nahi te pANInI sagavaDavALA jillAomAM kazI ja muzkelI hovI joIe nahi." bIjA ekasTrA AsisTaMTa kamiznara jaNAve che ke : "A jillAmAM vastIne mukhya bhAga hiMdu temaja musalamAnone che. hiMduo sAmAnya rIte sArI sthitinA gaNAya che. paraMtu temanAmAMya pUratI Avaka vinAne bhAga, dekhAya che te karatAM ghaNuM maTe che. tevA ke huM traNa varga pADuM chuM. (1) jemane thoDIghaNI juvAra ane bAjarI khAvAnI maLe che paNu mukhyatve lItarI carI khAIne ja jIvavuM paDe che tevA. (2) jemane divasamAM be vAra khAvAnuM nathI maLatuM evA. (3) jemane khAvAne kadI dANu ja nathI maLatA. . . eTale ke jeo bhAjIpAla ke kaMdamULa carIne ja jIve che athavA bhIkha mAge che. . . hiMduonI kula vastInA ochAmAM ochI daza TakA A traNamAMnA ekAda vargamAM jarUra Ave che. . . pUratuM khAvAnuM na maLavAthI teo vAisaraoNya sAheba vadhA 197 kaMI ekadama marI jatA nathI. paNa teo regI jarUra thAya che. teo ghaNuMkharuM dUbaLA ane raMgIlA ja hoya che. teo sukhI jiMdagI gALe che ema na kahI zakAya. zaheramAM pharatA mANase joI ne koIne Ama nahi ja lAge. ane temane pizAka tathA temanuM samAjanuM mobhAdAra sthAna dekhIne te keAI ja ema na mAne che, e bhUkhe maratA vargamAM mANasa che. paMjAbamAM, pitAnI garIbAI bahAra paDavA devI e bahu halakuM kAma gaNAya che. eTale teo bahArathI pozAka vagerene ThATha game tema karIne ThIka ThIka rAkhe che. AvA loko mATe A prAMtamAM "saphedapaza" evuM nAma pracalita che. paraMtu ahIM meTA bhAganI vastI musalamAnI che. temanI sthiti teTalI sArI nathI. sArAM varSomAM paNa temanI vastIne cAra TakA bhAga bhUkhamarAnI hade ja jIvatA hoya che. ane jemane pUratuM khAvA nathI maLatuM evA loko 20 TakA jeTalA che ema kahI zakAya. . . A varSe te lokoe bakarAnAM bI ke je anAja nathI, te khAIne ja jIvavA mAMDyuM che. keTalAka mAtra taDabUca ke tenAM bI khAIne ja calAve che. . . te badhAmAM bakarAnAM bI kharAbamAM kharAba che kAraNa ke temanAthI maraDo ja thAya che ane ghaNI vAra te maraDAmAMthI meta ja nIpaje che. A vIsa TakA uparAMta bAkInA lokemone ghaNo moTe bhAga devAmAM sapaDAyeluM che. atyAre te temane udhAra nANAM maLatAM hovAthI teo juvAra bAjarI vagere pUratA pramANamAM khAI zake che. paNa temaneya pilA vIsa TakA For Private & Personal use only

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198 AkhAda hiMdustAna ! jevI bhUkhamarAnI sthitimAM paheAMcavAnA dahADA bahu dUra nathI. AvA leAkeA kula vastInA 50 TakA jeTalA che.'' AvA suMdara pradeza mATe dillI Divijhanala kAndase I. sa. 1888mAM khIjA adhA jillAonA riporTIM maLyA bAda TharAva pasAra karyo ke : " (1) meTA bhAganA leAkeAne peTa bharIne khAvA nathI maLatuM e vAta khATI che. (2) joke leAkeAnA jIvananirvAhanuM dhoraNa khyAlamAM rAkhIe tApaNu eTaluM teA kahevuM joI e ke, leAkAnA khArAka bahu halakA prakAranA che. (3) leAkAmAM bhUkhamarA vadhatA jAya che ema siddha karavAne mATe jarAya purAve| nathI. (4) regene kAraNe leAkeA kAma karI zakatA na hovAthI pUratI kamANI karI zakatA nathI." paNa e regeAzAthI thAya che ? bhUkhamarA ane garIbAIthI ja niha ? varAha varADanA sekreTarI sAheba maLelA riporTo uparathI tAravaNI kADhe che ke, "varADamAM dukALa zuM che te kA jANatA nathI. ane kAI paNa mANasane bhUkhe maravuM paDe che ema mAnavAne jarAya kAraNa nathI." paraMtu mULa riporTamAM kamiznara mi. sonDarsa jaNAve che ke : " jyAre ApaNe peTa pUratuM khAvAnuM na maLavAnI vAta karIe, tyAre je leAkAnA vananirvAhanAM sAdhana temanI majUrI karavAnI zakti upara AdhAra nathI rAkhatAM te lekAne ApaNA khyAlamAMthI khAtala ja karavA jo e. jyAM sudhI mANusa pAse bajAramAM vecavA jevuM kAMI hAya, ke vAisaraoNya sAheba vadhA 199 udhAra nANAM maLI zake tema hoya, tyAM sudhI jo varSoM sAruM hoya to tene bhUkhe maravuM na paDe.. eTale ApaNe teA evA majUravanI ja vAta karIe ke je rAga ke tevAM bIjA kAraNathI majUrI na karI zake te tene pUratuM khAvAnuM na maLe ke bhUkhe paNa maravuM paDe. " sAmAnya rIte majUra kuTuMbamAM dhaNI dhaNiyANI ane eka trIjuM kAI -- apaMga ke nAnuM bALaka -- je kamANI karI zake tema nathI hotuM -- eTalAM heAya che. tevA kuTuMbane pUratuM khAvAnuM maLe te mATe nIcenI rakama joI e. 365 divasa mATe pA. zi. pensa juvAra : 912 zera tuvaranI dALa 91 16 maracuM mIThuM tela paracUraNa kharca karAsIna divALI akSatRtIyA hALI 37 113 22 22 22 33 bhAva 1 rU. : 20 zera 1rphe Ane : zera 6. Ane : zera divasanI 1 pAI A divasane 1 Ane! pA. zi. pe. -2-2 --1-4 --1-4 tahevAra kula kharca pA.6-19-11 3-0-10 0-11-1 0-11-1 ---- 01416 11110 -3-10 --3-10 pA. p--10--1 pA. zi. pe. mitra --1-4 mahemAna vagere . --}--{ kapaDAM -1-0 1-9-4

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200 AbAda hiMdustAna! kamANI 5. zi. pe. dhaNIH rejanA be AnA ane strI divasane eka Ane AkhA varSanA pA. 4-11-7 varSamAM sarerAza 45 divasa kAma na maLe te bAda karo 0-11-3 pAkanI mosamamAM sarerAza 60 divasa dhaNIne 2 Ane tathA strIne 1 Ane vadhAre majUrI maLe tenA umero-15-0 kula 4-15-4 eTale ke kula kamANI pA. 4-15--4 che ane kharca pa, 6-19-11 che. A khAdha teNe kapaDAM ke khAdhAkharcamAM ghaTADo karIne ja pUrI karavI joIe. AmAM mAMdagIne eka paNa divasa gaNe nathI tathA lagna vagere prasaMgenuM kharca paNa gamyuM nathI. sarakAre A pradezanI I. sa. 1896-97nI sAlamAM ekara dITha jamInanI pedAza 754 ratala jaNAvI che. paraMtu kharI rIte te keTalI hatI, te sarakArI AMkaDAo uparathI ja jaNAze : varSa ekaradITha ratala varSa ratala 1891-92 196 1895-96 145 1892-93 172 1896-97. 1893-94 222 1897-98 1894-95 206 1898-99 112 1899-1900 31 vAisaraoNya sAheba vadhA 201 9 varSanI sarerAza 144 ratala. kharI pedAza ATalI ja hovA chatAM sarakArI amaladArane riporTamAM 754 ratala pedAza mUkavAthI zuM lAbha thavAne haze? 144 ratala sarerAza pedAza hovA chatAM vAIsaroya ane jAhera prajAne ThagavA mATe 754 ratalanI rakama jAhera karavAmAM AvI. have sekreTarI sAheba kahe che tema je A prAMtamAM badhI lIlAlahera ja heta te I. sa. 1901 nI vasatI gaNatarImAM pAchalAM varSone hisAbe 3,332,114 mANaso hovAM joItAM hatAM. paNa kharI rIte 2,752,418 hatAM. eAchAM pa79,696. eTale ke gaNatarI vakhate dara 8 mANase 1 mANasa na hato. madrAsa I. sa. 1888nI tapAsanA riporTamAM mane madrAsane riporTa ApavAmAM Avyo nathI. mAtra madrAsa sarakAre hiMdI sarakArane, pitAne maLelA riporTa uparathI karI mokalelI tAravaNI ja mane jovA maLI che. eTale mULa riperTInA vigatavAra AMkaDA huM nahi ApI zakuM. maLelA riperTo tapAsIne tathA beDa ane meTA bhAganA amaladAronA matane bhaLatA thaIne gavarnara sAheba ane temanI kAunsila ema jaNAvavAnI IcchA kare che ke, sAmAnya varSomAM vastInA, dhyAna kheMce tevA meTA bhAgane reja peTa bharIne khAvAnuM na maLatuM hoya evI vastusthiti A ilAkAmAM nathI." 146 FOC Para ly

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AbAda hiMdustAna ! joke, keTalAka kalekTare| AnAthI bilakula viruddha matanA hatA. jemake mi. le, phrenDane abhiprAya evA hatA ke, kacarI nAkhatI garIbAI, e ja Ama prajAmAM cArebAju phelAyalI sthiti che. " 202 chatAM madrAsa sarakAra calAvye rAkhe che keH- " majUrInA dara vadhyA che. je vastue pahelAM meAjazAkhamAM khapatI, te have sAmAnya vaparAzanI vastuo banI che... jUnAM chAyelAM chAparAMnI jagA have naLiyAMvALA ghare lIdhI che. '' A TakA ja hiMdI vajIra phAulara sAhebane eka vAta vAraMvAra elavI bahu game che. ane te e che ke, hiMdustAnamAM sarakAra khetInI kula pedAzanA mAtra mahesUla tarIke le che. beMka, madrAsamAM te 25 TakA laI e chIe ema kahe che. khATu' che te nIcenAM kAkA uparathI jaNAze. sarakAra pote ja, ane te paNa keTaluM jamInanI kula pedAza 100 gaNIne hisAba sarakArI kADhe che keH 29 khetInA kharca peTe jAya. 15 kharAba meAsama peTe jAya. 28 sarakArI mahesUla peTe jAya. 28 kheDUtane maLe. 100 yAda rAkhavAnuM ke, uparanA khetI kharcamAM kheDUtanA kuTuMbanuM khAdhAkha`huM kAI paNa prakAranuM kha amaladAranA ja kahevA pramANe gaNavAmAM nathI AvatuM. sarakArI vAisaraoNya sAheba vaghA 203 A vastusthiti te kharI heAta, te te garIba kheDUtane bhAge peTapUratuM khAvAnuM, temaja eka che kharAba varSoM paNa veDI levA jeTaluM sAdhana jarUra Avata. paraMtu sarakAra haMmezAM jamInanI kula pedAza vadhAre mUkIne ja hisAba kADha che. jemake 305 ekara kUvA, taLAva ke naheravALI jamInavALA eka gAmaDAnI pedAza sarakAre 8,557 thI 9000 kAlama mUkI che. paNa vAstavika rIte tenI sarerAza 6200 kAlamathI vadhAre nathI. UlaTuM jyArathI pharIvAranI AkAraNI karI che, tyArathI te saMkhyA ghaTatI jAya che. salI va kolama *salI va kAlama 1303 5300 5108 1813 1304 5215 1305 5024 eTale, sarakAre jyAM 100nI pedAza gaNI che tyAM kharI rIte 75 gaNIe te, 22 khetInA kharca peTe 1308 1309 11 kharAba meAsama peTa 28 sarakAranA mahesUla peTe : 38 TakA 14 kheDUta mATe eTale ke, kharca jatAM bAkI pedAzamAMthI 3 sarakAra laI le che ane rahe che. : 18 TakA rahelI jamInanI. kheDUtane bhAga ku madrAsanA anaMtapura jillAmAM bhayaMkara dukALa paDyo sarakArane relave vadhAravI hatI ane iMgleMDanAM leAkhaMDanAM kArakhAnAMvALA tathA relave kaMpanInA bhAgIdArAne hatA.

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vAIsaraoNca sAheba vadyA 205 khetInI pedAza 30 ziliMga 9 pensa che jyAre baMgALAnI 18 ke 10 ) saMyukta prAMtanI 18 , 2 , pariNAme navI jamAbaMdI vakhate te prAMtanuM mahesUla judA judA jillAomAM nIce pramANe vadhArI mUkavAmAM AvyuM. 204 AbAda hiMdustAna! paisA kamAvI ApavA hatA, eTale teNe dalIla rajU karI ke hiMdustAnamAM jyAM sudhI bhUkhamare ane dukALa che, tyAM sudhI devuM karIne paNa sarakAre prajAne madada karanAra ane prajAnI saMpattimAM vadhAre karanAra yojanAo pAchaLa lAkho rUpiyA kharacavA ja joIe. ane e pramANe teNe "prajAnI saMpattimAM vadhAro karavA" meTAM meTAM vyAje ane naphAnI bAMyadharI sAthenI mUDI iMgleDathI ANIne relavee bAMdhavAnI zarU karI. te varSe sarakAre niyama sthApita karyo ke, sArA rAjyanI prathama parIkSA e che ke, dara varSe dezamAM vastI ghaTavAne badale vadhavI joIe. e pramANe aMgrejonA chatra heThaLa, "1881mAM jeTalI vastI hoya temAM dara varSe 1 TakAne hisAbe vadhAro thavo joIe." ema kahIne teNe marachamAM AvyuM teTaluM devuM karI relaveo pAchaLa paisA veravA mAMDyA. have I. sa. 1891 ane 1901nI be vastI gaNatarIo vacce madrAsa ilAkAmAM sarakAranA kahyA mujaba eka paNa dukALa paDyo nathI. to paNa aMgreja sarakAranA "chatra heThaLa " e "sArAM' varSo daramyAna madrAsa ilAkAnI vastI dara varSe 1 Take vadhavAne badale 2,710,533 jeTalI ghaTI che. madhyaprAMte laoNrDa kromara ane sara DeviDa bArabare 188ramAM karelI hiMdustAnanI Arthika tapAsa vakhate A prAMtane temaNe AkhA dezamAM sauthI "uttama, phaLadrupa ane samRddha prAMta" gaNu. kAraNake, teo sAheoe siddha karyuM ke, A prAMtanI mAthA dITha TakA TakA vilAsapura 102,105 sAgara 68,42,53,48 seenI 97,95,92,55,50 jabalapura 95,97,55,92,50 hesiMgAbAda 96,87,69 nAgapura 20,21,28,24 1882mAM kromara ane bArabara sAhebe A prAMtanI khetInI pedAza 14,166,6 6 7 pAuMDa karAvI hatI. paNa 1898-99mAM karelI pUratI tapAsane pariNAme te mAtra . . 7,282,574 pAuMDa jeTalI ja mAlUma paDI hatI. paraMtu loko upara te mahesUlane je vadhAre thayo te thayo ja. sarakAra pitAne mahesUla vadhAravuM hoya che tyAre athavA prAMtamAM ke dezamAM dukALa, bhUkhamara ke garIbAI nathI tema siddha karavuM hoya che tyAre, game tevA banAvaTI jUThA AMkaDA ThokI besADe che. keTalIka vAra to vigatavAra cokkasa AMkaDA pote ja pahelAM prasiddha karI dIdhA hoya che tema chatAM jADA AMkaDA kahetAM jarAya vAra nathI lAgatI. jemake "eNgrikalcarala sTeTisTisa'mAM 410me pAne A prAMtamAM jillAvAra ekara dITha anAjanI pedAza nIce mujaba ApelI che. Jain Education Internation For Private & Personal use only

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201 nahera vagerenA pANInI sagavaDavALI jamInamAM sUkI jamInamAM AbAda hiMdustAna ! I. sa. 1896-97 ekara dITha ghauMnI pedAza 925 ratala 170 ratala 6 00 ratala sarerAza paraMtu te ja pustakamAM 371me pAne je vigatavAra AMkaDA che, te have jue. ekara dI: ghauMnI pedAza ekara Ten 3,904,000 70,000 3,986,000 575,000 307 390 2,714,454 368,038 1,969,623 332,645 2,171,714 543,095 1,19,989 194,070 576 1899-1900 173 eTale ke, 1891 thI 1900nA AkhA gALA daramyAna dara varSe sarerAza pedAza ekara dI, mAtra 372 ratala ja hatI. AvA vigatavAra cAkkasa AMkaDA meAbUda hevA chatAM sarakAre 600 ratalanI gapa mArI. have ApaNe te sAhebanA riporTa mAM jarA AgaLa vadhIe. te sAheA jaNAve che : " tamAma vastInA jIvananirvAhanA AdhAra mAtra khetI che. eTale AkhA prAMtanI sukhAkArI khetInI sArI ke narasI sthiti upara AdhAra rAkhe che....jamIna eTalI badhI uttama che ke, bahu ja thADI mahenatathI paNa vadhu pedAza thAya che.... sarakAranuM mahesUla tA ThekaDI thAya teTaluM badhuM eyuM che. atyAranuM 1991-92 1893-94 1895-96 1896-97 1897-92 437 ratala 322 23 22 35 "" 22 vAisaroMca sAheba vadyA 207 mahesula relave zarU thaI tyAra pahelAM TharAveluM che. eTale muMbaI sAthe joDANu thavAthI kheDUtAne je behada nak| thAya che, temAMthI sarakArane jarA paNa bhAga maLatA nathI. ' badhuM rUDu' rUpALu' che ! mAtra ekAda e vAteA jarA kharAba che. kArTomAM ghaNA jaNA pAyamAla thAya che, zAhukArA paThANA jevA badamAzA che, parvate uparanI jAtione paheravAnAM lUgaDAM nathI maLatAM, ane khAvAnuM paNa bahu ochuM maLe che!!' A prAMtamAM garIbAI khUba che, paNa saMkaTa jarAya nathI. lekane pUratuM khAvAnuM maLe che, paNa parvatA uparanI jAtie jaMgalI jAnavAnI peThe AvatI kAlanA divasa mATe jarAya saMdharA karI rAkhatI nathI. ane temane peTapUratuM khAvAnuM paNa maLavAnI bhAre muzkelI che. " zAbAza ! Aje ja peTapUratuM khAvAnuM nathI maLatuM, tyAM temAMthI AvatI kAlanuM zI rIte saMgharavAnuM te jaNAve che ? "...saMpattinuM pramANa vegathI vadhatuM jAya che ane jene joI e tene pUratI rAjI maLI rahe che. mAtra je paisA prAMtamAM Ave che, te badhA vacalA dalAlA ane zAhukArAnAM khissAMne badale kheDUtAnAM ja gharamAM jAya, te leAkeAne ghaNA sukhI gaNI zakAya. paNa temanA upara vyAjakhAra zAhukArA ane dIvAnI adAlatanI taravAra jhajhUmatI ja rahe che " kharI vAta che. bicArA dezI vyAjakhArAnI ja vAta zuM kAma kare che ? AkhA hiMdustAnamAM je saMpatti utpanna thAya che, te paradezI aMgrejonAM ja khissAMmAM javAne badale " bicArA dezIonAM ja dharamAM jAya te! leAkeAne ghaNA sukhI

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208 AbAda hiMdustAna! gaNI zakAya. paNa tamanA AsapAsa paradezInuM jaDabuM moM kADIne taiyAra ja UbhuM raheluM hoya che." ane A prAMtamAM lekenuM devuM paNa ghaNuM bhAre che. "je 23 dAkhalAonI vigatavAra tapAsa karavAmAM AvI hatI, temAMthI 18 dAkhalAo devAmAM sapaDAyelA jaNAyA hatA....bIjA 14 dAkhalAomAMthI 11 devAmAM hatA. ... trIjA agiyAra dAkhalAomAMthI badhA ja devAmAM mAlUma paDyA hatA...1847 kheDUtemAMthI 1588 devAmAM DUbelA. hatA. . . . ane bahenapuranA tahesIladAra te aMdAja kADhe che ke, tenA tahesIlamAM 10 mAMthI 9 jaNAM devAdAra che." paNu A prAMtanA leke bhAre vicitra ! ! teo lagabhaga kazuM khAdhA vinA ja jIvI zake che. majUra kuTuMbanI tapAsanuM pariNAma jaNAvatAM eka dAkhalo ApIne riporTa karanArA sAheba navAI dekhADatA kahe che ke : "gAnA kuTuMbamAM eka strI ane be nAnAM chokarAM hatAM. teo aThavADiye 12 TopalIo banAvatAM. te darekanA 2 ratala cekhA UpajatA. eTale ke mahine temane 100 ratala khAnI kamANI hatI. tenI kiMmata 1 rUpiyAthI paNa ochI thAya. A kuTuMba ATalI Avaka upara jIvatuM te hatuM ja, paNa dara varSe 1 rUpiyA jeTalI rakama bacAvIne temAMthI joItAM kapaDAM paNa kharIdatuM hatuM." varSanI kamANI : 12 rUpiyA bAda kapaDAMne : 1 rUpiyo khAvA mATe : 11 rUpiyA vAisaraoNya sAheba vidyA 208 temAMthI cAra jaNa peTa bharatAM hatAM. eTale ke darekane dara varSe khAdhAkharca mATe pa28 pAI maLatI. eTale ke dara mahine 44 pAI. eTale ke rajanI 1 pAI eTale ke, AkhA hiMdustAnamAM samRddhamAM samRddha prAMtanA rahevAsIne rejanI savA pAI khAdhA kharca mATe maLatI hatI. paNa te "samRddhamAM samRddha prAMtamAM 1900 nA dukALa vakhate AkhI vastIne 40 TakA bhAga sarakAre ApelI madada upara jIvate hate. ane 1890 thI 1900 sudhInA gALAmAM te prAMtamAM bhUkhamarAthI ja 13 lAkha mANase mAryA gayAM hatAM. kAM te te prAMta. samRddha ja na hatA, athavA te aMgrejonA rakSaka chatra taLe 1882 thI mAMDIne 1900 sudhImAM te cusAI jaIne eTalo garIba banI gayuM hovo joIe. ajamera meravADA I.sa. 188ramAM A prAMtanI sthiti viSe ajameranA tahesIladAra tapAsa karI riperTa lakhe che ke : "emAM jarAya zaMkA nathI ke, kheDUtonI sthiti jarAya saMtoSajanaka nathI. sAmAnya rIte dareka kuTuMbamAM pAMcathI sAta mANasa hoya che. ane dareka kuTuMba pAse sarerAza 9 vIghAMthI mAMDIne 26 vIghAM jeTalI jamIna hoya che. chellAM vIsa varSanI gaNatarI uparathI jaNAya che ke, kuTuMbanI sarerAza Avaka dara varSe 88 rUpiyAthI laIne 236 rUpiyA sudhInI hoya che. eTale ke, mAthA dITha 1 thI 2 rUpiyA jeTalI. paraMtu ATalAmAMthI lokonuM jarAya pUruM na ja thaI zake. pariNAme, pAka laNuI rahyA bAda thoDA ja divasa temane For Private & Personal use only www Bielinary

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210 AbAda hiMdustAna! peTapUratuM khAvAnuM maLe che. . . . je leNadAra AvIne badhe ja pAka devA peTe laI na gayo hoya te. dANu khUTavA mAMDe pachI devuM karIne tathA malucA ke saMpana jevAM jaMgalI ghAsanAM bI khAI khAIne loke dahADA kADhavA prayatna kare che. paraMtu te badhAthI temanI tabiyatane ghaNuM bhAre nukasAna thAya che." bihAra madrAsanI peThe baMgALanI 1881-82nI tapAsanA riporTa paNa mane ApavAmAM nathI AvyA. paraMtu bihAra mATe nIcenI vigate maLI zake che : seTalameMTa oNphisara mi. kalIna, jillAnAM gAmaDAMnI jAte tapAsa karyA bAda jaNAve che ke: " je citra meM rajU karyuM che, te kAMI bhAre samRddhi batAvatuM hoya tevuM te nathI ja. ane garIba varganA loko jemAM vaNakarone paNa samAveza thaI jAya che, ane je kula vastIne 25 TakA jeTalA che-temane potAnI sthiti sudhAravAne kAI paNa rasta rahyo nathI. dukALa ke taMgInA vakhatamAM temane eka paNa prakArane AdhAra maLI zake tema nathI." paTanAnA kalekaTara lakhe che: rA ekarathI ochI jamInavALA kheDUto bahu ja halakA prakAranuM dhAna khAvA pAmI zake che ane te paNa varSanA moTA bhAga daramyAna pUratuM te nahi ja. temanAM ghara kharAba hoya che ane ziyALA mATe pUratAM kapaDAM paNa temanI pAse hotAM nathI. majUronI bAbatamAM jaNAvavAnuM ke, temane varSamAM ATha vAIsaraoNya sAheba vidyA 211 mahinA majUrI maLI zake tema hotI nathI. ane jyAre maLe che, tyAre divasanuM ra zera sastAmAM sastuM ane halakAmAM halakuM anAja rojI tarIke maLe che. strIone tenAthI adhuM maLe che. kheDUtanI vastIne mATe bhAga eTale ke 40 TakA jeTalA mANase paTapUratuM khAvAnuM ja meLavI zakatA nathI. ghara ane kapaDAMnI vAta te rahevA daIe. jIvatA rahevA mATe tathA kAma karavAnI zakti mATe joItuM anAja temane nathI maLatuM. varSa mATe bhAga teone divasamAM eka vAra ja khAvAnuM maLe che ane e rIte keTalAya lAMbA lAMbA upavAsa veThavA paDe che. I. sa. 1881mAM saraka nigahAme AkhA bihAra viSe lakhatAM jaNAvyuM che: eka vAta te cekasa, ke garIba varganA loko pAse pAMca vIghAMthI vadhAre jamIna hotI nathI. ane vastIgaNatarI pramANe ghara dITha sAta mANasa khAnArAM hoya che. dara varSa vIghA dITha pedAza sarerAza 25 rUpiyAnI che. temAMthI 3 rUpiyA mahesUlanA jAya. eTale cha lAkha jeTalAM mANasane (dara varSe 7 mANase 102 rUpiyA eTale ke ) mAthA dITha mahine 1 rUpiyo khAvApIvA mATe, kapaDAMlattAM mATe athavA bIjA jene mATe gaNe tene mATe maLe che. "paraMtu A sthiti to sArA varganA mANasonI che. garIba varganA aardha bhAgane eTale ke 3 lAkha jeTalAM mANasane te be vIdhA jeTalI jamIna paNa nathI. vaLI e uparAMta jamIna vagarane mAtra majUrI upara jIvanArA loke--ke jemanI saMkhyA paNa gAmaDAM dITha vasatInA For Private & Personal use only

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12 AbAda hiMdustAna ! 10 thI 15 TakA jeTalI che, te badhA zI rIte jIve che, ane khAsa karIne te vAravAra AvatAM taMgInAM varSomAM -- e praznanA javAba ApavA bhAgye ja kAI taiyAra thaze. " aMgALanI sarakAre tapAsa vakhate bihAra mATe nIce mujaba tAravaNI lakhI meAkalI che: " 15 karoDamAMthI lagabhaga 40 TakA jeTalI vasatIne peTapUratuM khAvAnuM nathI maLatuM, majUrInA dara bahu ja ochA che, ane tevI mArI paNa badhAne pUratI nathI maLatI. . . kAI paNa dhaMdhA evA khIlavI zakAya tema nathI ke jethI badhAne kAma maLI rahe . . . e saMkaTane eka ja upAya dekhAya che ane te e keTalAka varSo sudhI lAgalAgaDha, hu mezane mATe paradeza cAlyA jAya. ane te upAya paNa tyAre ja asarakAraka nIvaDe, ke jyAye leAkeA meTI sakhyAmAM ane satata paradeza cAlyA jAya, '' sarakArane peAtAnI prajAnI sthiti sudhAravAnA eka ja upAya dekhAya che, ane te " huMmezane mATe meTI sakhyAmAM dara varSe satata temane dezanI bahAra kADhI mUkavAnA. mi. priyana, AI. sI. ese gayA jillA viSe I. sa. 1897nI sAlanI nIce mujaba vigatA peAtAnA pustakamAM jaNAvI che. te pustaka meM khUba tapAsa karAvI tApaNu mane na ja maLyuM. paraMtu temAMthI aMgrejonA kaTTara pakSakAra gaNAtA " pAyeAniyara " patre je utArA ApyA che, te nIce jaNAvuM chuM : " gayA jillAmAM ardhI jIve che. A jillAnI uparanI vasatI khetI upara khAsiyata e che ke, temAM, vAisaraoNya sAheba vadyA 13 khetImAM karelA kharyAM jeTaluM paNa pedA thatuM nathI. cha mANasanA kuTu'ane 12rU ekara jeTalI jamIna heAya tA paNa pUratI thatI nathI. eTale kAM te leAkAne rezaja, divasamAM e karatAM echI vAra khAvuM paDe che, athavA te! AvakanAM bIjA' sAdhana zodhavAM paDe che, paraMtu tema chatAMya temane khoguM maLI rahetuM nathI. mi. priyane A vastu judAjudA kadanAM khetareAnI Avaka kALajIpUrvaka tapAsIne nakkI karelI che. uparAMta temaNe 1210 kheDUtAnAM 163 kuTumenI vigatavAra tapAsa potAnA pustakamAM noMdhelI che. 1210 kheDUto kula 1428 ekara jamIna kheDatA hatA. ane temanI vArSika Avaka 9248 rUpiyA hatI. khetI uparAMta bIjA sAdhana mAraphate temane 5810 rUpiyAnI Avaka thatI hatI. eTale 1210 kheDUtAnI kula Avaka 15,108 rUpiyA thaI. eTale ke mAthAdITha rU. 12-4-0. paraMtu eka mANasane e TaTaka peTabharIne khAvA mATe tathA pUratAM kapaDAM paheravA mATe echAmAM echA 15 rUpiyA joI e. eTale ke lagna, maraNu, bImArI vagerenAM bIjAM kha na gaNatAM paNa te gAmaDAMmAM mAthA dITha rU. 2-6-0nI dara varSe khAdha AvatI hatI. " have majUrAnI sthiti upara AvIe. majUra e prakAranA cheH eka te| svataMtra ane bIjA gulAma. aMgreja sarakAranA rAjyamAM gulAmeA che e jANI kAI ne Azra thaze; paraMtu vastusthiti temaja che. thADA rUpiyA AgaLathI dhAravAthI te mANasa ApaNe tyAM 100 varSa ke te rUpiyA pAchA vaLAya tyAM sudhI gulAma tarIke kAma karavA badhAya che.

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214 AbAda hiMdustAna! majUronI kula Avaka varSe rU. 41-12-0 che. paNa sAmAnya rIte kuTuMba : mANasanuM hoya; eTale temane dara varSe rU. 4-9-0 nI khAdha paDe che ema siddha thayuM. e khoTa temaNe pUratuM anAja ke pUratAM kapaDAM na vAparIne ja maTADavI rahI. have bAkI rahyA vaNakare tathA raMgArA vagere kArIgaro. paNuM mAncesTaranA kApaDe ane yuropanA sastA raMgee A lekene have bhUkhe maratA karyA che. vaNakaro te have A jillAmAMthI lagabhaga adazya thaI gayA che ema kahI zakAya, eTale A be vargo paNa kheDUto ke majUramAM ja bhaLI gayA che ema samajavuM." A vastusthiti upara TIkA karatAM "pAyoniyara" lakhe che : - "have ApaNe je mAnIe ke, gayAnI AvI sthiti khAsa apavAdarUpa nathI - ane ema na mAnavAne khAsa kAraNa paNa nathI - te e hisAbe AkhA hiMdustAnamAM thaIne 10 karoDa mANaso haDahaDatI taMgImAM sapaDAI rahyAM che. joke, yuropa karatAM pUrvana dezamAM, sakhata taMgI pramANamAM ochI bhayaMkara hoya che. temaja ema mAnavAne paNa kAMI kAraNa nathI ke loke be vAra nathI ja khAtA. joke ghaNIvAra muzkelI dUra karavA pUratuM ekAda vAra na khAIne paNa temane calAvI levuM paDe, chatAM eTalA mATe ciyarsananI A vigate pitAnA upayogamAM laI dAdAbhAI navarojajI jevA ema TharAvavA bhAge ke, A garIbAI mATe meTe bhAge aMgrejI rAjya javAbadAra che, te te beTI vAta che. aMgreja sarakAra loko vAIsaraoNya sAheba vidyA 215 pAsethI, pahelAMnA musalamAna bAdazAho karatAM bahu ja ochuM mahesUla ke karaverA vagere le che. tathA tene pahelAMnA hiMdu ke musalamAna rAjAo karatAM ghaNuM vadhAre pAchuM prajAmAM vaheMcI devuM paDe che. te paNa A garIbAInI vastusthiti astitvamAM te che ja, ane te kaDavI vastu che. tene upAya paNa ekadama dhyAnamAM Ave te nathI. . . je kAMI bacata rahe che, te jaladI vadhatI jatI saMkhyA khuTADI de, te e kAMI sarakArane gune nathI. sIdhI bhASAmAM kahIe te chokarAM jarA eAchAM pedA thAya te bahu sAruM." 'pAyoniyara'nAM A vALyo, tenA taMtrI jevA aMgrejo ane AkhA aMgrejI rAjyane dhikkAranI chellI keTIe laI javA mATe pUratAM che. eTale tenA upara kAMI TIkA karavI jarUrI nathI. pariziSTa mahesUla kevI rIte vadhAravAmAM Ave che? laMDananI iDiyA oNphisanA revanyu sekreTarI mi. piDaranuM pramANa ApIne mi. esa. Ara. AyaMgara lakhe che : cokkasa vigate uparathI zAstrIya paddhati anusAra mahesUla TharAvavAnA siddhAMta pramANe ja sarakAra varte che, ema mAnavuM e bahu ja bhUlabhareluM che. vAstavika rIte tethI UlaTuM ja karavAmAM Ave che. mi. peDara jaNAve che ke, sauthI prathama te kaI jillAnI mahesUla keTalI vadhAravI che e nakkI For Private & Personal use only

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21. 217 vAisaraoNya sAheba vidyA sarakAre TharAvelA AMkaDA kula pedAza : kharca : mahesUla ekara dITha ekara dITha kharca jatAM kula pedAzanuM sarakArI pedAza khetInuM kharca ekara dITha arthe ardha mahesUla upara pramANe pedAza 1 AbAda hiMdustAna! karavAmAM Ave che. ane pachI te anusAra kheDUtanI kula Avaka, kharca vagerenA AMkaDA taiyAra karavAmAM Ave che." sara vI. bI. AyaMgara ke je pahelavahelA dezI eDavokeTa janarala hatA, tathA pachI hAIkorTanA jaja thayA, temaNe jaNAvyuM che : cakakasa gaNatarI pramANe khetInuM kharca (kheDUtanuM nirvAhakharca gaNyA vinA) ekara dITha 36 rUpiyA Ave che, paraMtu sarakAre tene rU. 11-11-5 ane rU. 10-105 gaNeluM che. koI paNa dAkhalAmAM sarakAre ekare 14 rUpiyAthI vadhAre rakama gaNI nathI. sarakAra pitAnI marajI mujaba kevAM khATAM koSTaka taiyAra kare che, tene eka namUne nIce juo. sarakAre TharAvelA AMkaDA 10 ekaranI khetInuM kharca : traNa judI judI jAtanI jamIne mATe * baLadanuM ojAra khAtara vArSika rojanA bI kula ekara dITha kharca majUro majUro sarerAza kharca 25 20 10 10 14 9 7-4-0 4-12-0 7-01 4-8-0 jyAre binasarakArI kharA AMkaDA pramANeH 7 3-8-0 7-1-1 - 18 123 53 2-12-0 4-8-0 3 14 11 7 1-12-0 3-4-0 sarakAra potAnA juThThA AMkaDAothI ema TharAvavA mAge che ke, ame kula pedAzanuM ardhoardha jeTaluM paNa mahesUla nathI letA. tyAre kharI rIte te nIce pramANe mahesUla le che: kula pedAza mahesUla 17-9-0 70-1 eTale ke, lagabhaga kula pedAza 5-10-8 4-8-0 jeTaluM sarakArI mahesUla che. 3-8-0 3-4-0 ane temAM paNa haju nIcenI vAta upara dhyAna kheMcavAnuM che. sarakAra kahe che ke, 10 ekara jamIna mATe 125 rUpiyAnI kiMmatanA be baLada joIe. ane tema 1 17 2 17 5 5 7 7 45 22 45 20 9 105 10 9 103 104 cakkasa gaNatarI pramANe kharI rIte kharca Ave 1 34 6 8 45 30 9 132 13 2 30 6 9 45 25 9 124 123 3 25 6 10 45 20 9 115 11 Jain Education Internation For Private & Personal use only

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218 AbAda hiMdustAna ! mUkayu che. sAmAnya chatAM baLadanuM kharca teNe rU. 17-9-0 pAI ja e zI rIte mUkayu' che te ja samajAtuM nathI. rIte baLadanI eka joDa Aje kharIdI hoya, te pAMca varSa cAle. have jue : rUpiyA 125 aLadanI kiMmata 12 TakA lekhe pAMca varSoMnuM vyAja ( dara varSe 25 rUpiyA mulanA pAchA vALavAmAM Ave che tema mAnIne ) pAMca varSanuM kula kha eka varSanA 34 char3e varSe te| navI ja joDa kharIdavI paDe: eTale kheDUtane tA dara varSe baLada mATe 34 rUpiyA sarerAza kha Ave, paNa sarakAre mAtra 17 rU. 6 A, ja mUkayu che. 45 170 ejArAnI bAbatamAM paNa, sarakAre jaMgalanAM badhAM jhADa peAtAnAM karI lIdhAM hAvAthI kheDUtane nAnI sarakhI lAkaDI mATe paNa paisA kharacavA paDe che. khAtaranI bAbatamAM paNa eka vAta upara khAsa dhyAna khecavAnuM che, seTalameTa sirA akkalanA kuvA namUnA hAya che, te A uparathI jaNAya che. temanA kADamAM' lakhyuM che ke, jamIna jema vadhAre sArI tema khAtaranuM kharca vadhAre; ane jamIna jema nabaLI tema khAtaranuM kharca ochuM !! kharI rIte jamIna nabaLI hoya tema temAM khAtaranuM kha vadhAre hAya. 10 dezanI atyAranI Arthika sthiti : leAkeAnI kharI Avaka ApaNe AgaLa joI AvyA chIe ke, I. sa. 1882mAM pahelI vAra sarakAre karelI tapAsane pariNAme hiMdustAnamAM mAthA dIH vArSika Avaka 27 rUpiyA che. ema sAbita thayuM hatuM. tyAra pachI te ja gaNatarI pramANe 1898mAM mAthA dITha Avaka ghaTIne 17 rUpiyA jeTalI thaI gaI che, ema jaNAvIne meM kahyuM hatuM ke, dezanI Avaka divase divase ghaTatI jAya che, tathA evI sthiti AvI gaI che ke, dezanA meTAbhAganA loko peTa bharIne khAvuM zuM te ja samajatA nathI. vAisaroya sAhebane A vAta khoTI lAgI. eTale temaNe jaNAvyuM ke, leAkAnI Avaka ghaTI nathI, paNa UlaTI, rUpiyAthI vadhIne 2. 30 jeTalI thaI che. 27

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220 AkhAda hiMdustAna ! have, hiMdI sarakAra kadI AMkaDA aa rAkhatA ja nathI. eTale temaNe ApeleA javAba kaTaleA khATA che, te siddha karavA me' vAcaka AgaLa I. sa. 1882 pachI cha varSa eTale ke I. sa. 1888mAM karI karavAmAM AvelI tapAsamAMthI DhagalAbaMdha vigato rajU karI. te uparathI tathA chellA e dukALAmAM dezane 3,600,000,000 eTale ke sADAtraNa abaja rUpiyAnuM nukasAna thayuM che e jANIne vAcakane zakA nahi ja rahI hAya ke, dezanI sthiti sudharatI jAya che ema mAnavAne kAMI ja kAraNa nathI. chatAM have ApaNe dareka prAMtanI kula Avaka tapAsIne AkhA dezanI mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka atyAre keTalI che, te nakkI karIe; ane pachI khAtarI karI joI e ke, 1882nI sAlathI atyAra sudhImAM vAisaroya sAheba kahe che te mujaba temAM vadhArA thayA thayeA che. che ke, ghaTADA ja kAI paNuM prAMtanI khetInI Avaka nakkI karavI e ahu saheluM kAma che. kAraNake, sarakAra dareka prAMtamAM kula pedAzanA amuka cokkasa TakA mahesUla tarIke le che ema te jaNAve che. temAM paNa mahesUla vadhAre levA te kula pedAza paNa vadhAre ja gaNe che, eTale ApaNe tenA ja AMkaDA svIkArIe, te| pedAza heAya tethI vadhu Avaze paNa echI teA nahi ja Ave. uparAMta sarakAre 1882mAM nakkI kareluM che ke, dezanI khetI sivAyanI Avaka khetInI AvakathI ardhAMa gaNavI. paraMtu, te bAbatamAM ApaNe tema nahi karIe. have / khetI sivAyanI Avaka vigatavAra gaNavAnuM zakaya banyuM che; eTale te bAbatamAM ApaNe te laikAnI kharI Avaka 221 AMkaDAone ja AdhAra laIzuM. prathama ApaNe baMgALa prAMta laIe. khagALa sarakAra agALamAM khetInI kula pedAzanA pa thI che TakA mahesUla le che. paraMtu ApaNe pAMca ja TakA gaNIe to paNa, 1898-99mAM kula jamIna mahesUla 2,696,524 pAuMDa hAvAthI, tene vIse guNatAM khetInI kula pedAza 53,930,480 pAuMDa AvI. aMgALanI sarakAranA tamAma AMkaDA kevA khATA temaja jANI joI ne vadhArI mUkelA hAya che, tene eka dAkhaze! ahIM ApavA jarUrI che. I. sa. 1897nA phaeNmina mizana AgaLa teNe mAtra anAjanI khetInA ekara 10,596,000 jaNAvyA hatA, ane anAjanI pedAza 24,407,000 Tana ekale ke ekara dITha 1072 ratala jaNAvI hatI. paraMtu sarakArI AMkaDAo pramANe ja ghauM ane cAkhA --ke jemanI khetI 41,119,0,00 ekara jeTalI che -- temanI I. sa. 1891 thI 1900 sudhInAM 10 varSanI sarerAza ekara dITha mAtra 864 ratala ja che. tA pachI, ghauM ane ceAkhA vinA khIjA kayA anAjanI bUMgALamAM bAkInA 1 karoDa ekara jeTalI khetI thAya che te ja samajAtuM nathI, chatAM baMgALanI sarakAre tA anAjanI khetI phaeNmina kamizanane 50,59,6000 ekara lakhAvI che. eTale ke 92 lAkha jeTalAM mANasAnA eka varSanA khArAka jeTalI rakama ghauM ane ceAkhAmAM vadhArIne lakhAvI che,

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AkhAda hiMdustAna ! have khetI sivAyanI Avaka nIce jaNAvelI cAsa vigatA * pramANe 21,685,177 pAuMDa thAya che. eTale AkhA prAMtanI I. sa. 1900mAM kula Avaka : khetInI 53,930,480 pAuDa khetI sivAyanI 21,701,177 pAuDa 222 kula 75,631,657 pAuMDa thaI tene te prAMtanI 74,713,020 mANusanI vastIthI bhAgIe. teA baMgALanI mAthAdITha vArSika Avaka 3 AnA thAya, eTale ke rAjanI lagabhaga 8 pAI. madrAsa ilAkA 15 3. A ilAkAnI sarakAra paNa kheATA ane vadhArelA AMkaDA ApavAmAM baMgALanI sarakArathI Utare tema nathI. teNe I. sa. 1878-80nA phaeNmina kamizanane khetInA ekaranI saMkhyA 20,000,000 kahI che. paNa I. sa. 1860 thI 1890 sudhI ekasarakhI cAlI AvelI AkAraNIne hisAbe I. sa. 188081mAM kharI rIte mAtra 16,859,000 ekara ja kheDANa jamIna hatI. uparAMta teNe khetInI pedAza phaeNmina kamizanane 50,00,000,000 rUpiyA jaNAvI hatI. paNa khe oNpha revanyunA AMkaDA pramANe kharI rIte te te 31,79,02,044 rUpiyA ja hatI. eTale ke, jeTalI rakamanI gapa ! 18 mAtra : karADa che. paraM'tu * mULa pustakamAM dareka vigata chUTI chUTI ApelI sAmAnya vAcakane te rakramAnA upayoga nathI ema jANI, ahI` kula saravALA ja ApeleA che. bIna prAMtAmAM paNa temaja samajI levuM. leAkeAnI kharI Avaka 223 ApaNe I. sa. 1898-99nI khetInI Avaka tapAsIe, sarakArI niyama pramANe pANInI sagavaDavALI jamIna upara sarakAra kula pedAzanA 20 TakA mahesUla le che. ane sUkI jamIna upara 15 TakA le che. have A ilAkAmAM bhInI ane sUkI jamInanuM pramANa che : 5 che; eTale ke kula mahesUlanA bhAgane 5 vaDe ( eTale ke bhInI jamIna mATe 20 TakA lekhe ) guNavA joIe ane bhAgane 6ru vaDe (eTale ke sUkI jamIna mATe 15 TakA lekhe ) guNavA joI e. I. sa. 1898-99 mAM kula jamInamahesUla 3,358,832 pA'Da hatI. upara jaNAvyA pramANe vibhAga pADatAM : sUkI jamIna 1,399,902 pAuMDa x 6OM = kula pedAza 9,332,680 pA bhInI jamIna 1,959,902 pAuMDa x 5 = kula pedAza 9,799,510 po kula khetInI pedAza 19,132,190 pA. A prAMtanI khetI sivAyanI Avaka 16,840,971 pAuMDa thAya che. eTale ke, khetInI ane khetI sivAyanI ema ane maLIne kula Avaka 35,973,161 pAuMDa thAya che. ilAkAnI vastI 38,208,000 che. eTale mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka 14 rU. 2 AnA, eTale ke rAjanI lagabhaga chA pAI thaI. maLatI. A Avaka paNa kharI rIte dareka mANasane nathI meTA meTA amaladArA, vepArIe ane

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224 AbAda hiMdustAna! dhaMdhAdArIo dara varSe je moTI moTI rakamo meLave che, te badhI AmAMthI bAda ja karavAnI. eTale bAkInAmAMthI lokone peTapUratuM paNuM khAvAnuM zI rIte maLI rahe ? ane tenI kalpanA karavI paDe tema nathI. reva. mekanera (kuDA5) lakhe che - " gayA sapTembaramAM traNa aThavADiyAM huM gAmaDAMmAM musApharIe gayA hatA. . . . mArA taMbUnI AsapAsa rAtadivasa lokonAM ToLAM bhegAM thaIne eka ja vAta kahyA karatAM hatAM ke, ame bhUkhe marI jaIe chIe." 2. mekapharalena kahe che:-"pAMkamAMthI je dANu lokee gharamAM Aryo che, te bahu bahu te ceDAM aThavADiyAM ja cAlaze. tyAra bAda majUrI vinAnA bhUkhe maravAnA divaso Avaze. . . , e sthiti cheka varasAda paDatA sudhI eTale ke jUna ke julAI sudhI rahyA karaze. kene be ke traNa divasamAM eka TaMka khAvAnuM maLe che. ApaNu khristIomAMne ja eka kahetA hatA ke, je be divase eka TaMka amane khAvAnuM maLe te paNa basa che. . . . teo jIvatA nathI, mAtra dahADA kADhe che. keTalAMya jhUMpaDAMmAM meM lekene maDadAM khAtA joyA che. . . . chatAM A eka paNa dAkhalAmAM sarakAre dukALa gaNya nathI. lokone khAvAnuM eTaluM badhuM halakA prakAranuM maLe che ke, temane mIThA vinA cAle ja nahi. paraMtu sarakAre tenI ja upara eTalo mATe kara nAkhelo che ke, A garIba lokonI ATalI nAnI AvakamAMthI paNa sarakAra mIThAverA tarIke rA thI 5 TakA paDAvI le che ema kahevuM joIe." leonI kharI Avaka 225 muMbaI ilAke I. sa. 1881-82mAM leDa DapharInanA sarakyularanA javAbamAM muMbaI sarakAre A ilAkAnI khetInI AvakanA je juddejuThThA AMkaDA taiyAra karI mekalyA che, temAM nIce jaNAvelA bhAvoe cAra mANasanA eka kheDUta kuTuMbane peTapUratuM khAtAM keTaluM khAdhAkharca Ave (kapaDAM nahi), tenI vigata ApelI che. rU. A. pA. cokhA 1 rUpiye 16 ratala | bApa 50-10-0 juvAra , 32 , | mA pa0-10-0 bAjarI 10 varSane cheka 18-12-0 nacanI kare che | nAnuM bALaka 6-4-0 kula 126-4-0 eTale ke, jaNadITha 31 rUpiyA khAdhAkharca ja joIe. have ApaNe ilAkAnI jaNa dITha Avaka keTalI che, te joIe. sara jemsa piIlIe A ilAkAnI ekara dITha kula pedAza 9 rUpiyAnI gayuM che. I. sa. 1898-99mAM A ilAkAmAM kheDANa jamIna 27,018,913 ekara che. eTale tene 9 vaDe guNatAM khetInI kula pedAza 24,31,78,217 rUpiyA athavA 16,211,348 pAuMDa AvI. have khetI sivAyanI Avaka 20,065,872 pAuMDa che. eTale baMne maLIne kula Avaka 36,277,220 pAuMDa che. eTale ke mAthA dITha vArSika For Private & Personal use only www Bielinary

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229 AkhAda hidustAna ! Avaka 19 rU. 1 A. che. paraMtu A Avaka te muMbaI, amadAvAda jevAM vepAraudyoganAM nagare sAthenI che. eTale kheDUtAnI sthiti kevI che, te vAcaka samajI zakaze. saMyukta prAMtA sara jemsa peTalIe karelI gaNatarI anusAra A prAMtAnI ekara dITha pedAza judA judA bhAgeAmAM rU., 13 rU., 8 rU., 3 rU., 11 rU. e pramANe che. eTale ke sarerAza 8 rU. 4 A. 8 pAI che. paNa ApaNe ekara dITha 10 3, gaNIe, teA khetInI pedAza 6,63,71,350 ekara x 10 rU. = 66,37,13,500 rUpiyA athavA 44,247,567 pAuMDa thAya. ane khetI sivAyanI Avaka 12,275,456 pAuMDa che; eTale ke kula 56,523,023 pAuMDa che. eTale mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka 18 rU. 7 A, 3 pAI che. pujAma I. sa. 1896-97mAM sarakAre tapAsa vakhate A prAMtanI ekara dI| anAjanI pedAza 728 ratala kahI hatI. paNa sarakAranA ja vigatavAra AMkaDA tapAsatAM mAlUma paDe che ke, I. sa. 1891 thI 1900 sudhInI sarerAza pedAza mAtra 628 ratala ja hatI. paMjAbamAM vArSika khetI sarerAza 7,000,000 ekara che; eTale e hisAbe sarakAre 700,000,000 ratalanI eTale ke 6,000,000 paMjAbIne cAra mahinA barAbara cAle teTalA anAjanI mAtra gapa ja lagAvI hatI ! have sarakAra kahe che ke prAMtamAM kula pedAzanA 10 TakA mahesUla laI e chIe. paraMtu AgalAM prakaraNeAmAM A lokonI kharI Avaka sarerAza 33 TakAnA dAkhalA joyA pachI, te saMkhyA svIkAravI e mUrkhAI bhareluM che. ApaNe sarerAza 20 TakA gaNIe tA paNa khATuM nathI. chatAM mAtra 15 TakA gaNIe te te hisAbe khetInI kula Avaka mahesUla 1,710,416 pAuMDa x 7 = 11,972,912 pAuMDa AvI. temAM khetI sivAyanI Avaka 6,899,392 pAuMDa umeratAM, kula Avaka 18,872,304 pAuMDa thaI . tene 22,449,484 mANasA vacce vaheMcatAM mAthAdI vArSika Avaka 12 rU. 10 AnA AvI. madhyaprAMtA A prAMtamAM paNa sarakAre I. sa. 1896-97nI tapAsa vakhate ekara dI ghauMnI pedAza 600 ratala jaNAvI hatI. paraMtu navAInI vAta e che ke, temanI pAse I. sa. 1890 thI 1896 sudhInA nIcenA AMkaDA vArSika riporTomAM chapAyelA meAbUda hatA. va ratala va 1991-92 437 1894-95 1992-93 1993-94 405 1895-96 322 tema chatAM sarakAre ATalI moTI rakama zA mATe kahI haze, te sarakAra ja samaje. mi, peDare I. sa. 1867-68mAM nAgapura jillAnI ekara dITha sarerAza pedAza 8 rUpiyA dharAvI hatI. ane 12 varSa pachI sara jemsa peilIe 44 ekaranA eka khetaranI sarerAza ekara dITha pedAza 8 rUpiyA tathA bIjA eka khetaranI ratala 329 307 227

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228 AbAda hiMdustAna! 7 rU. 2 A. TharAvI hatI. chatAM ApaNe te nAnAM moTAM badhAM ja betaranI pedAza 8 rUpiyA ja gaNIe, te khetInI kula pedAza 15808,881 ekara x 8 = 12,64,71,048 rUpiyA athavA 8,464,736 pAuMDa thAya che. have khetI sivAyanI Avaka 3,002,774 pAuMDa che. te baMne bhegI karatAM kula vArSika Avaka 11,467,510 pAuMDa thaI. tene 10784,794 bhANunI vasatI vaDe bhAgatAM mAthAdITha Avaka 16 rU. 12 A. AvI. brahAdeza brahmadezamAM kheDANa jamIna kula 9,832,189 ekara che. ane ekara dITha pedAza 17 rUpiyA che. eTale, khetInI kula pedAza 17,20,63,308 rUpiyA athavA to 11,470,887 pAuMDa thaI ane khetI sivAyanI Avaka 4,260,06 0 pAuMDa che. eTale ke kula Avaka 15,730,947 pAuMDa che. tene vastI vaDe bhAgatAM mAthAdITha Avaka rU. 22-12-0 thaI, AsAma A prAMtamAM bhAvamAM thayelA pheraphAra jANavA jevA che. nIcenA AMkaDA naugAMganA ekasTrA AsisTaMTa kamiznare taiyAra karelA che. eka rUpiye ratala I. sa. 185-58mAM I. sa. 1887-88mAM DAMgara 277 ratala 82 ratala lokenI kharI Avaka 229 ghI 4 ratala 2 ratala gALa 60 , dUdha 32 * 18 ) maLI 64 , 10 ,, sarakAranA kahyA pramANe mahesUla kula pedAzanA 10 TakA jeTaluM gaNatAM khetInI kula Avaka 419,041 pAuMDa 410 =4,190,410 pAuMDa thAya che. temAM baMdaro uparanI kiMmata pramANe cAnI kiMmatanA 4,00,667 pAuMDa umere; eTale khetInI kula Avaka 8,197,077 pAuMDa thaI. khetI sivAyanI Avaka 1,058,863 pAuMDa che. eTale kula Avaka 9,255,940 pAuMDa thaI. tene 5,473,638 mANasenI vastIe bhAgatAM mAthAdITha vArSika Avaka rU. 25-8-9 AvI. have ApaNe AkhA hiMdustAnane bhego AMkaDo kADhIe : khetInI kula Avaka 174,817,645 pAuMDa " khetI sivAyanI 97,535,004 kula Avaka 272,352,649 pAuMDa gaNe 277,000,000 pAuMDa mAthAdITha kheDUtanI vastI 152,92 6,102 17 rUpiyA kheDUta sivAyanI 77,514,671 24 rUpiyA AmAMthI iMgleMDa ane hiMdustAnamAM kAma karanArA 45 lAkha sarakArI amaladAre daravarSe 37,000,000 pAuMDa paDAvI jAya che. te bAda karatAM 2,36,000,000 pAuMDa bAkInA 226,500,000 mANase mATe bAkI rahyA. eTale ke, mAthAdITha vArSika Avaka 20 zi. 16 pensa thaI kasarI rAI 92 che. 70 , 24 ,, in Education in For Private Personal use only

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AkhAda hiMdustAna ! A AMkaDA sArA varSanA che. dukALanA varSamAM AnAthI paNa kharAba sthiti haiAya che. lorDa karjhananA jaNAvyA pramANe I. sa. 1900nA dukALamAM khetInuM nukasAna 50,000,000 pAuMDa gaNyuM hatuM ane DhAreAnuM tathA khAM nukasAna 70,000,000nuM eTale ke kula 120,000,000 pAuMDanuM nukasAna thayuM hatuM. tene kula AvakanA 273,000,000 pAuMDamAMthI bAda karatAM 230,000,000nI tamAma vastI mATe 153,000,000 pAuMDa bAkI rahyA. eTale ke mAthAdIH 13 zi, 4 pensa AvyA. 230 have dukALa nathI ema gaNIe. tApaNu uparanI Avaka tA rAjA, prajA, tavaMgara, raka ema badhAnI bhegI che. je meTA meTA rAjAo, vepArIe ane dhadhAdArI che, temanI Avaka kaIM varSe 20 ziliMga nathI hatI. eTale ke, tevAe je vadhAre Avaka laI jAya che, te bAda karIe, teA ja garIba leAkeAne bhAga daravarSe zuM Ave che, tene sAcA hisAba nIkaLe, mi. semeArakAe I. sa. 1884mAM dezI rAjAe, vepArIe vagerenI AvakanA bhegA AMkaDA kADhayA hatA. te ApaNe svIkArI laIe, tA briTiza hiMdanI AvakamAM dezIrAjyenI Avaka umerI levI paDe. tema karIe te| dezanI bhegI Avaka : briTiza hiMdanI vArSika Avaka 273,000,000 pAuDa dezIrAjyAnI Avaka 126,363,138 22 kula 399,363,138 pA'Da thAya. leAkeAnI kharI Avaka 231 ane have temAMthI 10,000 rAjA-mahArAjAo jamInadAra--jAgIradArA daravarSe 5,000 pAuMDanI AvakavALA che. temanI Avaka 50,000,000 pAuMDa che. 75,000 zarApheA, vepArIe ane dhadhAdArIe vArSika 1000 pAuMDanI AvakavALA che. temanI Avaka : 75,000,000 pAuMDanI thAya che. 750,000 vepArIe ane dukAnadArA dara varSe 100 pAuMDanI AvakavALA che. temanI Avaka : 75,000,000 pAuMDa thAya che. eTale ke, kula 835,000 mANasAnI vArSika Avaka ja: 200,000,000 pAuMDanI che. have dezIrAjye| ane briTizahiMdanI kula vastI 294,266.701 che, ane temanI bhegI vArSika Avaka upara jaNAvyA pramANe 399,363,138 pAuMDa che, temAMthI uparanA AMkaDA bAda karatAM, bAkInA 293,431,701 mANaseAnI vArSika Avaka 199,363,138 pAuMDa thaI. eTale ke, mAthAdITha Avaka 13 zi. cha pensa thaI. eTale ke rAjanAnA pensathI paNa ochI. pensa eTale lagabhaga AnA thAya. eTale hiMdustAnanA 8 lAkha paisAdAra leAkeA bAda karatAM bAkInA 29 karADa mANaseAnI rAjanI Avaka sarerAza be paisA jeTalI che. mUkIe : A AkhI gaNatarInI tAravaNI nIce pramANe bhegI

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232 AbAda hiMdustAna! 45 lAkha sarakArI amaladAro bAda karatAM dareka hiMdInI vArSika Avaka : 15 rU. 1 A. 3 pAI, eTale ke rojanI chA pAI che. ATha lAkha 35 hajAra paisAdAra bAda karatAM kula hiMdanI mAthA dITha vArSika Avaka: 10 rU. 3 A. 6 pAI, eTale ke rajanI pa pAI che. ane varSovarSa dezamAMthI paisAnI lUMTa , vadhatI ja jAya che. varSovarSa bhAva paNa caDatA ja jAya che. garIba vargane te kyAranuMya peTapUratuM khAvAnuM nathI maLatuM. paraMtu moTo bhaya te e che ke, A sthiti varSovarSa cAlu rahI, tA. hiMdustAnane madhyamavarga paNa nAza pAmaze. pachI hiMdustAnamAM be vargo bAkI raheze. eka bAju Toca upara paisAthI mAtela rAjakartAo, ane bIjI bAju cheka taLiye bhUkhamarAthI motane kinAre jhajhUmatuM kaMgAla ane adhama ToLuM. upAya have kadAca mane e savAla pUchavAmAM Ave ke, tame rajU karelI vigato je sAcI hoya, te pachI tene upAya che ? jyAM sudhI tame rogane sudhAravAnA upAya na sUcavI zake, tyAM sudhI tame karelI roganI tapAsa nakAmI ja che. huM A pustakamAM upAyo sUcavavA nathI mAgato. paraMtu tenuM kAraNa e nathI ke, mArI pAse sUcavavA jevA upAyo ja nathI. paraMtu sUcavelA upAyo tyAre ja upayogI thaI paDe, jyAre sarakArane paNa ema lAgatuM hoya ke tAtkAlika upAye hAtha dharavA paDe tevI gaMbhIra paristhiti lokenI kharI Avaka 233 hiMdustAnamAM UbhI thaI che. sarakAra to evuM kAMI mAnatI ja nathI. atyAranA hiMdI vajIra lerDa paeNrja hemilTananA ja zabdo TAMkuM: tame kaho cho ke, hiMdustAna divase divase garIba thatuM jAya che, ane temAMthI dara varSe paradeza ghasaDI javAmAM AvatA paisAne kAraNe hiMdustAnanI saMpattinAM mULa lagabhaga khUTI javA tathA sukAI javA AvyAM che. huM kahuM chuM ke, tame eka bhAre bhramamAM paDyA che. phakta chellAM pAMca varSamAM traNa vAra varasAda niSphaLa javAthI moTA pramANamAM sukavaNI paDI che e vAta bAda karatAM, tame mUkelA Aropa sAbita kare tevo eka paNa purAvo maLI zake tema nathI." manodazA jyAM AvI che, tyAM upAyonI vAta ja karavAnI zI jarUra che. lorDa hemilTana te, kAMI vicAravA yogya gaMbhIra sthiti UbhI thaI che evA khyAlamAtrane ja haDadhUta karI kADhe che. temanI e tiraskAra batAvavAnI dhRSTatA joIne paNa temanI prazaMsA karavAnuM mana thaI Ave che. paNa atyAre temanI vIrapUjA karavAne samaya nathI. teo sAheba e vIravRtti je samaya daramyAna dhAraNa karI rahyA che, te samayanI dareka kSaNe, dareka jhUMpaDAmAM ane mATInA gharamAM bhUkhamarAnuM asahya du:kha leke veThI rahyA che. mANasonA nasIbanI vicitratA paNuM bhAre ! tathA sudharelA rAjyanI karAmata paNa ajaba ! ke jyAre lorDa hemiTanano eka nAnakaDo hAtha potAnI prajAnA karaDe lokone AvI adhogatimAM marajImAM Ave te pramANe rAkhI zake che. For Private & Personal use only

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ray AbAda hiMdustAna! pariziSTa aMgrejonA A dezamAM AvyA pachI vastusthiti evI banatI gaI che ke, lokone udyogadhaMdhA cheDIne moTI saMkhyAmAM khetI upara ja vadhAre ne vadhAre nabhatA thaI javuM paDayuM che. A viSaya lekaTenanTa karnala esane sArI rIte carco che. te kahe che: " eka vAra hiMdustAnanA badhA ja udyoga ghaNI AbAda sthitimAM hatA, yuropiyane A dezamAM kAMI tenA kAcA mAlathI kheMcAIne AvyA nahotA. teo te tene pAke mAla kharIdavA mATe AvyA hatA. megala bAdazAhe dezanA badhA udyogone khUba ja Azraya ane uttejana ApatA. A dezanA asalIna ane rezamI kApaDanI kIrti eziyA temaja yuropamAM cAre bAju phelAyelI hatI. hiMdustAnanAM zahere paNa vizALa tathA bhavya hatAM. I. sa. 1757mAM kalAIva jyAre baMgALanI jUnI rAjadhAnI murzidAbAdamAM pahelavahe dAkhala thayo, tyAre teNe lakhyuM che, " A zahera laMDana jeTaluM ja vizALa, vastIvALuM tathA saMpattipUrNa che. mAtra taphAvata eTalo ja che ke laMDana karatAM murzidAbAdamAM asaMkhya gaNI moTI saMpattivALA keTalAya loke che." "paraMtu have te 25 karoDanI vastImAMthI mAtra 55 lAkha jeTalo mANasa ja 50,000 thI vadhAre vastIvALAM zaheramAM rahe che. kula vastIne ja bhAga te gAmaDAMmAM ja leonI kharI Avaka 235 rahe che. huM DhAkA zaherane ja dAkhalo Apu. 100 varSa pahelAM DhAkAne vepAra dara varSe 1 karoDa rUpiyAne hate. ane tenI vastI be lAkha mANasanI hatI. I. sa. 1787 mAM DhAkAe ekalAe 30 lAkha rUpiyAnuM bhalIna IgleMDa caDAvyuM hatuM. paraMtu I. sa. 1817mAM te te caDatuM taddana baMdha thaI gayuM hatuM. kAMtavAnA ane vaNavAnA je udyoge hajAro lekene dhaMdherojagAra pUro pADatA, te have bilakula nAza pAmI gayA che. je kuTuMba pahelAM paisAdAra sthitimAM hatAM, te have garIba banI gayAM che tathA zahera choDIne gAmaDAMmAM khetInI je kAMI Avaka maLe tenA upara jIvavA cAlyAM gayAM che. atyAre DhAkAnI vastI mAtra 79,000 mANasanI ja che. " A sthiti AkhA ja dezanI che. bIjI bAju khetI upara vastIne beje vadhato jAya che. deza paradeza sAthe vepAra have mAtra dezamAMthI bahAra jatA kAcA mAlane ane paradezathI taiyAra AvatA pAkA molane ja rahyo che. dezanI jamIna vadhAre pramANamAM satata levAmAM AvatA pAkethI satvahIna banatI jAya che ane paradezIonI harIphAIthI hiMdanAM bajAro paradezI mAlathI UbharAI jAya che. " dezamAM kArIgaronI saMkhyA keTalI ghaTI gaI che tathA te sthiti kevI hAnikAraka che, tene khyAla dezanA lokone pUrepUra che ke nahi te viSe mane zaMkA che. vastIgaNatarInA AMkaDA uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke, IgleMDamAM puruSonI vastImAMthI kula 1996 TakA bhANu udyogahunnaramAM lAgelA che; jyAre baMgALamAM mAtra 17 TakA jeTalA loko ja te kAma kare che. bIjI bAju khetImAM lAgelI puruSa www. For Private Personal use only in Education Interna

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lokenI kharI Avaka 237 237 236 AbAda hiMdustAna! vastInuM pramANu IgleMDamAM 12-4 TakA che, tyAre baMgALamAM 379 TakA che. A vastusthitino artha zuM thAya che te vAIsaroyanA zabdomAM ja kahuM, - atyAranI hiMdustAnanI Arthika sthiti upara vicAra karanAra koI paNa mANasane zaMkA nahi rahe ke, A dezane bhAremAM bhAre hAni karanAra vastu e che ke, ke vadhAre ne vadhAre pramANamAM khetI upara AdhAra rAkhanArA thaI gayA che. tene kAraNe kheDUtonI sthiti vadhu bagaDatI jAya che, dukALanAM duHkho vadhatAM jAya che ane majUrInA bhAva paDatA jAya che. bIjI bAju vastIno mATe bhAga ajJAnanI chellI hade AvI rahyo che. kAraNa ke, duniyAnA dareka dezamAM mAlUma paDaze ke, kArIgara leke kheDUto karatAM haMmezAM vadhAre buddhimAna ane pravINa hoya che. eTale dezamAM jema kArIgaranI saMkhyA ghaTatI jAya ane kheDUtanI saMkhyA vadhatI jAya, tema tema dezanuM buddhi tathA kuzaLatAnuM pramANa UtaratuM jAya." hiMdustAnanA vepAraudyogano nAza zAthI thayo e viSe paNa te lekhaka cokkasa abhiprAya dharAve che. te kahe che ke, hiMdustAnamAM dezanA ja mAla upara evI bhAre bhAre rAhadArI jakAta nAkhavAmAM AvI hatI ke, tenA IjArAnI ja pedAza dara varSe 44 lAkha rUpiyA AvatI. bIjI bAju iMglaMDa jatA hiMdustAnanA mAla upara 75 TakA jeTalI aTakAyata jakAta nAkhavAmAM AvI hatI. Ama dezanI aMdara ane bahAra, AvA AvA aneka ejAo ane pratibaMdha vacce dezanA tamAma udyoga taddana gUMgaLAIne kacarAI gayA che." sarakArI mahesUlane asahya baje gokaLadAsa kahAnadAsa pArekha jaNAve che: "kheDUta varganAM atyAranAM sarva duHkhanuM meTAmAM moTuM kAraNa mane mahesUlane asahya bojo lAge che. . . . A ilAkAmAM karavAmAM AvelA judA judA pAkanA akhatarAonA riporTe uparathI mAlUma paDe che ke, kheDA jillAmAM I. sa. 1897-98mAM karavAmAM AvelA nava akhatarAomAMthI ekamAM, jyAM pAkane aMdAja daza AnA hatA tyAM mahesUlane baje kula pedAza upara 72 TakA jeTalo ane tevA bIjA dAkhalAmAM 67 TakA eTale hato. bharUcamAM 31 akhatarA te varSa karavAmAM AvyA hatA. temAMnA ekamAM mahesUlane beje 4ra TakA ane bIjA mAM 30 TakAthI paNa vadhAre hatuM. A che dAkhalAomAM pAkanI kiMmatano aMdAja 12 AnA hatA, bIjAmAM 11 thI 12 AnA jeTalo, ane trIjAmAM 9 thI 10 AnA hatA. "kheDAmAM I. sa. 1896-97mAM 9 akhatarA karyA hatA. temAM eka dAkhalAmAM mahesUla bAje 96 TakA, bIjAmAM 73 TakA, trIjAmAM 63 TakA ane cothAmAM 50 TakA jaNAyuM hatuM. I. sa. 1895-96mAM bharucamAM 8 akhatarA karavAmAM AvyA hatA. temAMnA ekamAM, jyAM pAkane aMdAja cAra AnA hatuM tenA upara 180 TakA jeTalo mahesUlano be jaNA hatA. I. sa. 1894-95mAM amadAvAda jillAmAM 6 akhatarA karelA hatA. temAMnA eka dAkhalAmAM ke jenA For Private & Personal use only

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AbAda hiMdustAna! pAkane aMdAja 12 AnAno hato, tenA upara mahesUlane Aje 66 TakA hato. te ja pramANe bIjA dAkhalAmAM 11 AnA pAka upara kula pedAzanA 47 TakA ane 12 AnA upara kula pedAzanA 37 TakA jeTalo mAlUma paDe ho. * uparAMta A jillAomAM khetaronuM kada paNa bahu nAnuM che. amadAvAdamAM sarakArI jamInanAM 40,917 khAtAMomAMthI 15,357 khAtAM pAMca ekarathI nIcenAM che. kheDAmAM 57,965 khAtAMomAMthI 31,788 pAMca ekarathI nIcenAM che. bharucamAM 29,146 khAtAMmAMthI * I. sa. 1929-30mAM mAtara tAlukAnI Arthika tapAsamAM jamIna mahesUlano be ekara dITha rU. 3-13-8 mAluma paDe hate; eTale ke, kula pedAza upara 18.16 TakA jeTale ane khetInuM kharca jatAM cokhI pedAza upara 273 6 TakA jeTalo hate. 1. 1929-30 mAM mAtara tAlukAmAM 10 vIghAM (6 ekara) thI ochI jamInavALAM kuTuMbe pAMcamA bhAganAM hatAM. tyAMnI paristhitimAM nirvAha mATe pUratI gaNAya eTalI 20 ekara jamIna vinAnAM te kuTuMbe 78 TakA jeTalAM hatAM, surata jillAnA ATagAmanI tapAsamAM nIce pramANe jaNAyuM hatuM: 6 ekarathI ochI nirvAha puratI 15 varSa jamInavALAonA TakA. ekara jamIna vinAnA TakA lekenI kharI Avaka 239 9800 pAMca ekaranI nIcenAM che. A khAtAMonI pedAzane tathA temAMthI bAda jatA sarakArI mahesUla ane khetInA kharcano hisAba karyA bAda jaNAya che ke, temAMthI sArA varSamAM paNa kheDUta ke tenA kuTuMbanuM khAdhAkharca nIkaLI zakatuM nathI. AvAM nAnAM khAtAMvALA kheDUtone mahesUlano bojo ekadama vadhAre mAlUma paDe che; ane nabaLA varSamAM vadhAre sahana paNa temane ja karavuM paDe che. mahesUlano A bojo asahya che ke nahi tenI parIkSA dara varSe mahesUla na bharI zakanArAo mATe keTalI noTiso kADhavI paDe che tenI ane keTalA kheDUtonI mAlamilakata harAja karavI paDe che tenI gaNatarI uparathI thaI zakaze. I. sa. 1892mAM amadAvAdamAM AvA dAkhalAonI saMkhyA 25 hatI. te 1898mAM vadhIne 243 thaI gaI. bharucamAM I. sa. 1892-93mAM 16 hatI te vadhIne 1898 mAM 599 thaI hatI. te uparAMta te parIkSA karavAne bIjo rasto, ke keTalA pramANamAM jamIne choDI devA lAgyA che, te paNa che. 1896-97 mAM amadAvAda kheDA bharUca ekara ekara ekara - 25,676 65,49 435 1897-98 13,935 4716 454 1898-99 597 974 "kharI rIte A jillAo eTalI badhI gIca vasatIvALA che, ane jamIna upara lakAnI eTalI badhI paDApaDI che, ke ATalI moTI saMkhyAmAM traNa traNa varSa sudhI 1900 1917-8 1926-7 pa9,9 64,03 - 87.2 For Private & Personal use only

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AbAda hiMdustAna! jamIne choDI devAmAM Ave e, mahesUlane be keTalo asahya che tene cokkasamAM cokkasa purAvo che. mahesUlanI rakama sarakAre pUratI tapAsa karIne jarAya karAvI nathI hotI, paradezamAM cAlelI laDAIke evA koI asAdhAraNu kAraNe jyAre dezanI vastuone bhAva vadhAre Upajate hoya, tyAre je vadhAre paDatuM mahesUla karAveluM hoya che, te sAmAnya sthiti pAchI AvatAM paNa kAyama rahe che. jemake, gujarAtanuM mahesUla amerikAmAM laDAI cAlI ane tene kAraNe rU vagerenA bhAva vadhAre UpajatA hatA te vakhata daramyAna TharAveluM che. have te teTalA bhAva varSothI kadI UpajatA nathI; chatAM mahesUla te te varSe karAveluM ja kAyama rahyuM che. eTaluM ja nathI paNa judAM judAM bhaLatAM kAraNo ApIne temAM vakhatovakhata UlaTe vadhAro karavAmAM Ave che. sarakAra mahesUla vadhAravAnAM kAraNo nIce pramANe Ape cheH - (1) vasatIne vadhAro (2) gAmamAM naLiyAMvALAM gharanI, DhoranI, ane vAhanonI vadhelI saMkhyA (3) relave temaja pAkA rastAone vadhAro (4) jamInanI kiMmatamAM vadhAro (5) paradeza nikAsamAM vadhAro vagere. paraMtu kharI rIte te kAraNethI kheDUtanI Avaka vadhI che ema kAI rIte TharAvI zakAya nahi. jemake - vasatI vadhavAnuM kAraNa lokeAnI vadhatI jatI saMpatti ja hoya che tema nathI. jyAM lagna karavAne rivAja sarvatra pracalita che. tyAM vasatI vadhyAM ja karavAnI. UlaTuM, vasatI vadhavAthI ane jamInanuM pramANa te pahelAM jeTaluM ja rahevAthI garIbAImAM vadhAro thAya che. lonI kharI Avaka 241 bIju, gAmamAM naLiyAMvALAM ghara vadhe che tenuM kAraNu kheDUtanI rAjanI saMpattimAM vadhAro thayo hoya che e ekaluM ja nathI hotuM. paradezamAM laDAI vagere thavAthI ekAda varSa bhAva khUba meTA UpajyA hoya, eTale paNa tema ane. paNa tethI dara varSe tevA moTA bhAva UpajatA nathI. eTale te eka varSa uparathI haMmezane mATe mahesUla vadhArI mUkavuM e bhUlabhareluM che. te ja pramANe Dhera ane vAhananuM paNa samajavuM. dhaNu dAkhalAomAM te khetI sivAyanI bIjI AvakathI athavA te kheDUta sivAyanA bIjA lokonI vadhelI Avakane kAraNe Dhora, vAhana ke naLiyAMvALAM gharanI saMkhyAmAM vadhAro thaye hoya che. kheDUtone tenI sAthe kazI ja levAdevA nathI hotI. vaLI relave vadhavAthI kheDUtane phAyado ja thAya che ema kyAM che? UlaTuM, tene bhADe gADAM pheravavAnI je Avaka thatI hatI, te baMdha thAya che ane e rIte baLada vagerenuM kharca mAtra khetaranA kAma mATe ja veThavuM paDe che. eTale ulaTI khoTa jAya che. jamInanI kiMmata vadhavAnuM kAraNa paNa jamInanI pedAza vadhI hoya che te ja nathI hotuM. ghaNI vAra te tenuM kAraNa vastImAM thayela vadhAre hoya che, tathA pAsenA zaheramAM khetI sivAyanI bIjI AvakathI vadhelI saMpatti paNuM hoya che.* * AphrikA vagerethI loko vadhu paisA kamAI lAve ane pachI jamIna kharIdavA game tevA bhAva paNa Ape. tethI jamInanI pedAza vadhavAthI jamInanI kiMmata vadhI che ema na ja kahI zakAya. For Private Persone ly

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AbAda hiMdustAna! " te ja pramANe paradeza nikAza vadhI che eTale paNa pedAza vadhI che ema na kahI zakAya. ghaNI vAra tA kAI ekAda jillAmAM pedAza vadhavAthI baMdara upara vadhArA thayeAA jaNAya che; paNa tene kAraNe badhA jillAo upara mahela vadhAravuM e taddana bhUlabhareluM che. 242 " sarakAre kAyado / rAkhyA che ke, kAI kheDUta potAnI jamIna ke pAkamAM sudhArA karaze te te kAraNe tenI jamInanuM mahesUla nahi vadhAravAmAM Ave. paraMtu tene amala kadI ja karavAmAM AvatA nathI. kAI divasa kheDUtane pUchavAmAM AvyuM ja nathI ke teNe jamInamAM kAMI sudhArA karyAM che. ke nahi; temaja jyAre mahesula vadhAravAmAM AvyuM hoya che tyAre paNa AkhA gAma upara sAmaTuM ja vadhAravAmAM AvyuM hoya che. 46 che keH mahesUlanA A asahya kheAjAnuM pariNAma e AvyuM 1. kheDUta devAmAM sapaDAtA jAya che. ra. te jamInamAM kharca karI pUratuM khAtara bharI zakatA nathI. 3. te jamInane jarUra pramANe vakhateAvakhata paDatara rAkhI zakatA nathI; temaja pAkanI jAta paNa badalI zakatA nathI. kAraNa ke, tene dara varSe je pAkanI kiMmata vadhu UpajatI hAya, te pAka ja ugADacA karavA paDe che. A kAraNe jamIna nabaLI paDatI jAya che." sara viliyama veDana lakhe che. je pAMca gAmaDAMnI meM tapAsa karI, temAM vastI 236 mANuseAnI hatI. lokonI kharI Avaka 243 te te leAkeA kula 1400 ekara jamIna kheDatA hatA. gAmanAM daphtarA uparathI jaNAyuM ke, temanI kula pedAza vArSika 193 pAuMDa hatI. uparAMta e paNa mAlUma paDayuM ke, e 1400 ekaramAM chellAM daza varSathI paisAne abhAve khAtaranuM eka Dheku paNa nAkhavAmAM AvyuM na hatuM. dukALiyA lokAne echAmAM eThuM khAvAnuM maLe teTaluM gaNIe tepaNu, dareka mANasane dara varSe 14 rUpiyA khAdhAkho e. gAmAmAM aLadanI 58 kheDA hatI. te dareka joDane paNa dara varSe 11 rUpiyAnuM khAdhAkha Ave te umerIe, te pAMce gAmaDAMnI kharce jatAM kula Avaka 5 pAuMDa thaI ! paNa te leAkeAe mahesUla tarIke 73 pAuDa bharyAM hatA. eTale ke, pAMca pAuMDanI cAkhkhI Avaka upara temaNe 73, pAuMDa mahesUla bharyuM. gAmanAM daktA vaLI jaNAve che ke, te mahesUla temaNe 24 TakAnA vyAje devuM karIne bhayu` hatuM. A pAMca gAmanA leAkAne 12,000 phiyAnuM devuM che. eTale ke, 10 varSanA kula mahesula jeTaluM, A vigatA AmanI sabhAmAM thoDAM varSa agAu jaNAvavAmAM AvI hatI. temane kadI sarakAre khATI puravAra karI nathI. ane hiMdI vajIrane gAmaDAMnI Arthika tapAsa karAvavAnuM kahIe chIe, tyAre tema karavAnI te sAsApha nA pADe che. tenuM kAraNa -- tapAsa karatAM zuM zuM nIkaLI Ave tenI bIka ja che. A badhuM kema banyuM che ? ApaNe ( aMgrejoe ) dezanA tamAma udyogAne kacarI nAkhyA che, tathA I. sa. 1834-35 thI mAMDIne hiMdustAnamAMthI ApaNe

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244 dhI rAITa onarebala laoNrDa kleja hemilTana hiMdI vajIra, AmanI sabhAmAM 16 mI ogasTe (1901) bolyA cheH hiMdustAnanA lekenI ghaTatI jatI Avaka AbAda hiMdustAna! 10,000,000,000 daza abaja rUpiyA upADI gayA chIe. tenA badalAmAM IgleMDe hiMdustAnane kAMI ja pAchuM nathI ApyuM. ApyuM hota, te karaDa pAuMDanuM meTA. vyAje devuM ja ApyuM che. hiMdustAnamAMthI ApaNe je daza. abaja chellAM thoDAM varSomAM ja ghasaDI gayA chIe, te je loko pAse rahyA hota, te pAMca TakAne vyAje ja atyAre te rakama 50 abaja jeTalI thaI hota. 'uparAMta, IglaDe je rakama hiMdustAnane dhIrI che, te paNa kharI rIte to IMglaMDamAM ja kharacAI che. te paisAmAMthI IgleMDanuM ja leTuM, kAlasA ane bIjI vastuo kharIdavAmAM AvI che. ane amaladAranA pagArarUpe temAMnI ghaNIkharI iMglaMDamAM ja pAchI AvI che. A rIte iMglaMDa bamaNuM paisAdAra thayuM che, ane hiMdustAna bamaNuM garIba banyuM che. I. sa. 1850 "huM ekadama kabUla karuM rojanA chuM ke je ApaNA rAjya heThaLa hiMdustAnanI bhautika - mAthAdITha 2 AnA saMpatti ghaTatI jAya che ema sAbita karavAmAM Ave, te ApaNA hAthamAM te dezanuM I. sa. 1882 rAjya eka divasa paNa vadhAre rahevuM na joIe." rajane mAthAdITha 15 Ane - [ pRthakkaraNa karatAM jaNAya che ke, hiMdI vajIra tarIke jeTalA divasa teo sAheba nokarImAM rahyA hatA, te daramyAna temaNe pagAra tarIke hiMdustAnanA nevuM hajAra mANasAnI vArSika Avaka jeTalI rakama lIdhA karI che.] I. sa. 1900 rejanA AnAthI paNa ochI For Private & Personal use only