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Chapter XI Prakrit Verses in Vågbhatālamkāra
The vocabulary of Prakrit is mainly divided into three groups : (i) tatsama ('like Sanskrit') - Sanskrit words which are used in Prakrit without a phonetic change like kamala - a lotus, sāra - essence, parama - highest, etc. (ii) Tadbhava or Tajja (arising from Sanskrit) – Sanskrit words that undergo some phonetic modification like loya = Sk. loka - people, isi = Sk.rsi - a sage, cakka = Sk. cakra, etc. (iii) Desi or Desya - words which are of a different or other.(= other than Sanskrit) origin like addāya-a mirror, dālā - a branch, gose - morning, or verbs like reha - to shine, cada - to climb, etc.
Verse 1* illustrates tadbhava (= tajja) variety of Prakrit ( read : प्रकृते: संस्कृतादागतं प्राकृतम्
--- तस्मात्संस्कृताज्जायते स्म तज्जम् ।) --- अत्र संस्कृतशब्दा एव प्राकृतीभूता इति तज्जम् । - pp 14-15. Siddharāja is the famous king Jayasimha of medieval Gujarat.
Verse 2* illustrates desya variety of Prakrit :
अत्र सत्तावीसंजोअण-शब्दो देश्यश्चन्द्रार्थे, तस्य किरण-प्रसरो यावत् अद्यापि न भवति । पडिहत्थ-शब्दोऽपि देश्य: संपूर्णार्थ:। गहवइ-शब्दो देश्यश्चन्द्रार्थः। ततो हे संपूर्णमण्डलचन्द्रवदने तावत् त्वम् उद्यानं व्रजेति ।
Verse 3* illustrates Apabhramsa-bhasa :--- इह क्वचिदभूतोऽपि रेफो भवति । यथा - चारुद (?
चात्रग)---.
Verse 4* illustrates an exception (apavāda) to the pada-doșa, called anarthaka (the
useless, redundant) which includes, according to Vagbhata and his commentator, punarukta-dosa (repetition, redundancy, tautology). In the various cases enumerated in this verse, repetition ceases to be a blemish.
Verse 5* is cited to corroborate "प्रहेलिकायां स्वसंकेतप्रक्लप्तार्थमपि न दुष्टम् ।" --- अत्र रवितनयः
कर्णस्तच्छब्दवाच्यः। प्रहेलिका means 'a riddle, enigma or conundrum.' It is defined as : व्यक्तीकृत्य कमप्यर्थं स्वरूपार्थस्य गोपनात् ।
यत्र बाह्यान्तरावर्थो कथ्यते सा प्रहेलिका ।। It has a covert (hidden) meaning underlying the apparent or literal sense.
