Jain Vidya 04

Author(s): Pravinchandra Jain & Others
Publisher: Jain Vidya Samsthan
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/524754/1

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mmanfate 4 CHE PARTNE D bhuvati NANujjIvI jIvo jaina vidyA saMsthAna zrI mahAvIra jI mahAvIra jayantI 2584 jainavidyA mahAkavi dhanapAla vizeSAMka 4 8734 yrnnucrepinnu| cauvidudevAgamaNuka thi| vividamasudAIcakilAgaya sivilA emarI sa muSadhi nivimaya puSNa murumNg| siriddha hopavibhihiTiMga ugamAnavisANaruvata Numeli viviyAlu surale usame likhA rAjodi dharadhArA sAsa siddha DA bAva sivi gharAsa miLunAliviba jenithaNapArlevirTibara hiNdaaviishisNdhidi|privitiy liyade a liva dhihiNghitH|| kaDave si / mAesarahAsamujhaveNAdhAsi bidevi suSavira iusarasaiselave sAtha adolaya ho suyapaMcabhividA / ijjata vitiya sudarihA / iyapaNA sikhapAvareSu ilajAmA kucara kA madheSu / phalu deijAI hiumA lApAciMtAmaNicca zte lopa | ihajAmA udha inuvnnsNti| amAraka do muhamovA grpti| para khArikuMDakara vAda dabe / jo jamagna iMta jiTeilivAha5joliya sirisareNa sopuSpadaMDakiMviLaNA vavAsa' karaDDomanasa hi|u kumarNita hA suku hipuhi|jilj'trivigghu hota dAmahadAMNiphalute jihaa||6|| graDu kiMvakuvAyA vicareNa / 5kvavicitamahaMta rilA aNumAtA hitipApAMta bila||10 aiubi asavadIziyalayalagaugiyatApavira maMjuSaNAnAviyamini muraNAtadAkayA aNumAyAyarimuyAzanadApha, lekhanAItilivijalAI zivalIyagiyADIpahilayadi niyara viNividha mitra vinivi isa viSekaya sirigurudAsunamiyamANasvatiyaniguNavidibhirvimuneyApa lugyAlA devAnanavimavikAraNayatejA kuudadamaI naminidimA lideu / vAcaDalaviM yapana miphala gaNiha hammuAbANalipaTata/pariciMtana davya hiy| chalakA jitapaMca patayAnakiyAaananitidhanapAla kRtapaMcamIsa viSNadattampasamA saMvata40varSe grAmoja mudi12 sanivAsaredhanizana kSetre likhite degaa| asnb|| ma breDalavAlazAdhInasaMgha sarasvatAgaLe valA kAragaNazrI OMdaU~ dAyA yAMnvaye sahArakI sakala kArti nahAraka nuvata katyanahAraka zrIjJAnantraNa gurUpadezAnAM nidhaarnkiirttiynaath| khaMDelavAlajJAnIya sAha lAlA sAryAlalatAdemuna sANvIramalAryAdaluNadevAparavatAmAryA tadetatrA:balarAjanetU etaiH jJAnAvara eka rmajJayArthI lekha vivAda se jainavidyA saMsthAna INSTITUTE OF JAINOLOGY) di0 jaina atizaya kSetra, zrImahAvIrajI ji0 - savAI mAdhopura, rAjasthAna

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mukhapRSTha citra paricaya mukhapRSTha para prakAzita citra saMsthAna kI bhavisayattakahA kI prAcInatama pANDulipi (saM. 1540 vi0) veSTana saM. 755 patra saM. 115 sAija 120X5" ke antima do pRSThoM kA hai jisakA mUlapATha yahA~ prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai (ghoru vIru tava.) yaraNu careppiNu, cauvihu devAgamaNu kareppiNu / viNNivi suhamasuhAI caeppiNu, gaya siviloe sarIru mueppiNu / bhavisayattu puNu suru hemaMgau, sirivaDDhaNu hoevi siddhihiM gau / sA bhavisANarUva taNu mellivi, rayaNacUlu suralou samellivi / rAu NaMdivaDDhaNu dharadhArau, puNu huu sAsai siddha bhaDArau / vasividharAsami haluttAli, viraiu eu cariu dhaNapAleM / vihikhaMDahiM bAvIsahi saMdhihi, paricitiyariNayahouNivaMdhihiM / dhakkaDa vaNivaMsi mAesaraho samubbhaveNa / dhaNasiri devisueNa viraiu sarasaisaMbhaveNa / / 9 / / aho loyaho suyapaMcamivihANu , iu jaM taM citiya suhariNahANu / dUrayaraparaNasiyapAvareNu, iha jA sA vuccai kAmadheNu / phalu dei jahicchiu maccaloe, ciMtAmaNi vuccai teNa loe / iha jA sA buccai bhuvaraNasaMti, aha mokkhaho suha so vANapaMti / garaNarihuM dukkha iM avaharei, jo jaM mangai taho taM ji dei / riNavAhai jo riNayasiribhareNa, so puNNavaMtu ki vitthareNa / uvavAsa karai jo sattasaTThi, ujjamaNi taho suhu tuTThi puTTha / jai bhajjai aMtari vigdhu hoi, taho saddahA riNa phalu taM ji hoi / ghattA-graha ki vaha vAyAvitthareNa ikka vi citta mahaMtariNa / aNumoiM tAhi tihu saMpaNNa guNaMtariNa / / 10 / / ai uri airAvai dIharacchi, dhaNayattaho gehiriNa dharaNayalacchi / ujjamiyatAe cira saMjueNa, bhAviya dhaNamitti tahe sueNa / taha kittiseNa NAmujjayAI, aNumoiya vajjoyari suyAe / taho phaleNa tAI tiNi vijaNAI, cauthai bhavi sivaloyaho gyaaii| pahilai dharaNayattaho dharaNayaditti, iyaraI viNivi dhamittu kitti / vijjaya bhavi paMkayasiri surUva, suu bhavisayattu bhavisANarUva / tiligu haNevi viNNivi sutteya, pahu cUlurayaNa cUlAideva / taiyai bhavisattu vi kaNaya teu, kuu dahabhaI tahi ji vimAriNa deu / cotthai bhavi suyapaMcami phaleNa, giddaDDha kammu jhAraNANaleNa phaleNa / ghattA-NisuNaMtapaDhaMtahaM paricitaMtaha appahiya / dharaNavAli teNa, paMcami paMcapayArakiya / / 114 ch|| 22 iti dhanapAlakRta paMcamI bhaviSyadattasya samApta

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jainavidyA jainavidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI dvArA prakAzita zrarddhavArSika zodha-patrikA aprela, 1986 DaoN0 gopIcanda pATanI paM0 bhaMvaralAla polyAkA zrI jJAnacandra vindukA zrI vijayacandra jaina zrI kapUracandra pATanI DaoN0 gopIcanda pATanI sampAdaka mudraka : dI presa kapUra jayapura-302004 sahAyaka sampAdaka prabandha sampAdaka zrI kapUracandra pATanI sampAdaka maNDala pro0 pravINacandra jaina suzrI prIti jaina DaoN0 rAjamala kAsalIvAla zrI phUlacandra jaina DaoN0 kamalacanda sogAraNI pro0 pravIraNacandra jaina prakAzaka di0 jaina atizaya kSetra, zrImahAvIrajI vArSika mUlya : deza meM : tIsa rupaye mAtra videzoM meM : pandraha DAlara

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digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita jainavidyA saMsthAna (Institute of Jainology) ke san 1986 ke rupaye 5001 / pAMca hajAra eka ke mahAvIra puraskAra hetu vicArArtha 1985 se 1987 ke madhya prakAzita hindI / aMgrejI meM likhita 'bhagavAn mahAvIra' se sambandhita lagabhaga 300 pRSThoM kI racanAeM 31 maI, 1987 taka grAmantrita haiM / bhagavAn mahAvIra se sambandhita isa racanA meM kama se kama nimna prakaraNoM para vivaraNa apekSita hai - 1. 2. 3. mahAvIra puraskAra, 1986 4. 5. digambara jaina graMthoM ke aAdhAra para bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pUrvabhavoM kA varNana evaM unakA jIvana caritra / bhagavAn mahAvIra ke siddhAMta evaM unakI vartamAna kAla meM upayogitA | bhAratavarSa meM upalabdha bhagavAn mahAvIra kI digambara mUrtiyoM evaM tIrthoM kA vivaraNa (kama se kama sau varSa prAcIna ) / prAcIna digambara granthoM meM upalabdha bhagavAn mahAvIra para maMgalAcaraNa | bhagavAn mahAvIra para upalabdha digambara sAhitya kI sUcI / niyamAvalI tathA Avedanapatra prApta karane ke lie 2/- do rupaye kA posTalaArDara nimna pate para lAnA cAhie DaoN. gopIcanda pATanI saMyojaka jainavidyA saMsthAna esa. bI. 10, javAharalAla neharU mArga bApUnagara, jayapura 302004

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viSaya-sUcI kra.saM. viSaya lekhaka lekhaka pR.saM. prAstAvika prakAzakIya DaoN. jayakizana prasAda khaNDelavAla 15 zrI nemIcanda paToriyA mahAkavi dhanapAla DaoN. yogendranAtha zarmA 'aruNa' 21 mahAkavi dhanapAla DaoN. prAditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti' prArambhika 1. mahAkavi dhanapAla vyaktitva evaM kRtitva 2. bheMTa-kavi dhanapAla se 3. bhavisa ko mAtA kI zikSA 4. kahAkavi dhanapAla kI kAvya pratibhA bhavisa ko munirAja kA upadeza 6. bhavisayattakahA kA sAhityika mahattva * 7. durjana : mahAkavi dhanapAla kI dRSTi meM bhaviSyadattakathA-viSayaka sAhitya eka anuzIlana apabhraza kA zikhara mahAkAvya bhavisayattakahA 10. bhavisayattakahA kA bhAva-bodha . 11. bhavisayattakahA kA kathArUpa 12. bhavisayattakahA kA dhArmika pariveza mahAkavi dhanapAla DaoN. kapUracanda jaina DaoN0 zrIraMjana sUrideva (DaoN0) pro0 choTelAla zarmA DaoN0 gadAdharasiMha zrI zrIyAMza siMghaI

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DaoN. gaMgArAma garga 87 DaoN. rAmagopAla zarmA 'dineza' 93 13. bhavisayattakahA meM nItitattva 14. bhavisayattakahA meM yuga aura samAja ke sandarbha 15. mahAkavi dhanapAla kI kucha uktiyA~ 16. bhavisayattakahA meM jIvana kA pratibimba mahAkavi dhanapAla 98 DaoN. gajAnana narasiMha sAThe paM. bhaMvaralAla polyAkA 107 bhavisayattakahA kI saMsthAna meM prApta pAMDulipiyoM kI prazastiyAM mahAkavi dhanapAla 110 111 18. zrAvaka ke aSTa mUlaguNa 19. purANa sUktikoSa 20. samAdhi 123 muni carittaseNa anu0-50 bhaMvaralAla polyAkA 132 133 21. sAhitya samIkSA 22. puSpadanta vizeSAMka vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM 23. isa aMka ke sahayogI racanAkAra

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prAstAvika apabhraMza bhASA madhyakAlIna yuga meM eka atyanta sakSama bhASA rahI hai jisake mAdhyama se usa yuga meM aneka viSayoM para amUlya sAhitya kA nirmANa huaa| bhASA kI samatA nadI ke pravAha se kI jAtI hai jo vAstava meM satya hai| vaha parivartanazIla hai, yadyapi parivartana kI gati pratikSaNa hote hue bhI sAdhAraNataH itanI maMda aura dhImI hotI hai ki vaha zIghra hI dekhane meM nahIM A sktii| karIba 2600 varSa pUrva jaba purohitoM/paMDitoM ne saMskRta bhASA ke mAdhyama se dharma evaM darzana ke svarUpa para apanA adhikAra jamA liyA aura sAmAnya jana usase alaga hotA gayA, taba saMskRta bhASA jana-sAdhAraNa kI bhASA na rahakara kevala ziSToM kI bhASA bana gyii| ziSTajana jo kucha bolate the use janasAdhAraNa samajha nahIM pAtA thA balki use mauna rahakara suna letA thA / bhagavAn mahAvIra evaM mahAtmA buddha ne isa sthiti kA prAkalana kiyA aura isIlie unhoMne apane upadeza usa samaya kI jana-sAdhAraNa kI bolacAla kI bhASA prAkRta (prarddha mAgadhI) evaM pAli meM diye| apabhraMza bhASA kA prAdyakAla kAphI prAcIna hai, yahAM taka ki prAcIna saMskRta graMthoM meM bhI "apabhraMza" tathA prAkRta-graMthoM meM pravanmaMsa, avahaMsa, avahattha Adi nAma milate haiM / pravanmaMsa mora avahaMsa zabda apabhraMza ke hI tadbhava rUpa haiN| viSNudharmottarapurANa jaise kucha graMthoM meM "apabhraSTa" zabda kA bhI vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai| vaiyAkaraNoM ne saMskRta se itara bhASA athavA bolI ke lie prAkRta aura apabhraMza zabda kA prayoga kiyaa| apabhraMza zabda kA prayoga saMgrahakAra vyADi ne bhI, jo dUsarI zatAbdI I0 pUrva meM hue haiM, kiyA hai, bhartRhari ne apane 'vAkyapadIyam' kI vRtti meM isakA prayoga kiyA hai / pataJjali ke mahAbhASya meM bhI isakA prayoga huA hai| isa prakAra jo apabhraMza zabda IsA se do sau-tIna sau varSa pUrva saMskRta se itara zabda arthAt apANinIya zabda ke lie prayukta hotA thA vahI IsA kI chaThI zatAbdI taka mAte-pAte eka sakSama jana bhASA evaM sAhityika bhASA ke lie prayukta hone lgaa| bhASA ke vikAsa-krama meM aisI avasthA pAtI hai evaM prArambhika janabhASA (deza bhASA) vidvAnoM kI sAhityika bhASA bana jAtI hai| bhASA zAstriyoM ke anusAra apabhraMza bhASA madhyakAlIna prAkRta kI antima aura vartamAna prAdhunika bhAratIya bhASAmoM kI mAya bhavasthAnoM ke madhya kI eka mahattvapUrNa kar3I hai| isa taraha apabhraMza bhASA kA yuga chaThI zatAbdI se prArambha hokara pandrahavIM zatAbdI taka to svIkAra kiyA gayA hI hai| pANDe bhagavatIdAsa kI eka apabhraMza racanA ke upalabdha ho jAne se yaha avadhi kisI na kisI rUpa meM satrahavIM-aThArahavIM zatAbdI taka bhI svIkAra kI jA sakatI hai /

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janavidyA saMskRta aura prAkRta ke pazcAt apabhraMza ko hI tIsarA sthAna diyA gayA hai / apabhraMza bhASA eka sazakta dezabhASA svIkAra kI gayI hai| yadyapi kucha vidvAn yathAyAkobI, kItha Adi ne ise dezabhASA svIkAra nahIM kiyA hai parantu kaI anya bhASAvaijJAnikoM yathA-pizela, griyarsana, bhaNDArakara, vulanara, caTarjI Adi ne ise dezabhASA svIkAra kiyA hai| chandasa kI prArya-vANI "saMskRta" kI tulanA meM pANinIya saMskRta bhI kevala dezabhASA thI / pANinIya saMskRta jaba sAhityika bhASA bana gayI taba pAli evaM prAkRta dezabhASA ke rUpa meM vikasita huI aura inhIM bhASAoM meM mahAtmA baddha evaM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne apane upadeza diye / paranta jaba prAkRta bhI sAhityika bhASA banane lagI taba apabhraMza bhASA kA vikAsa dezabhASA ke rUpa meM huaa| saMskRta ke vidvAnoM ne to apabhraMza ko dezabhASA kahA hI, svayaM apabhraMza kaviyoM yathA-svayaMbhU, puSpadanta ne bhI ise dezabhASA batAyA hai| kAlAntara meM apabhraMza bhASA bhI dezabhASA se kevala sAhityika bhASA bana gayI evaM janatA se dUra haTatI gayI aura jaisAki Upara kahA gayA hai, tatpazcAt Adhunika bhAratIya bhASAoM kA janma huA / zaurasenI/nAgara apabhraMza se gujarAtI evaM prAcIna pazcimI rAjasthAnI (mAravAr3I) kA, paizAcI apabhraMza se lahaMdA aura paMjAbI kA, brAcar3a apabhraMza se siMdhI kA, mahArASTrI apabhraMza se marAThI kA, arddhamAgadhI apabhraMza se pUrvI hindI kA aura mAgadhI apabhraMza se bihArI, baMgAlI, ur3iyA aura prAsAmI bhASAoM kA vikAsa huA hai| prArambha meM ina bhASAoM meM bahuta kama bhinnatA thI kintu samaya ke sAtha-sAtha rahana-sahana, prAntIyatA, saMskRti tathA rAjanaitika kAraNoM se ye bhASAeM eka dUsarI se dUra hotI giiN| jaisAki pUrva ke aMkoM meM kahA jA cukA hai, apabhraMza sAhitya atyanta vizAla rahA hai, isakI hajAroM kI saMkhyA meM pANDulipiyAM haiM jinameM se adhikAMza jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM evaM mandiroM meM upalabdha haiN| inameM adhikAMza aprakAzita haiM / mahApaMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ke dvArA apanI "hindI kAvyadhArA" meM jaba mahAkavi svayaMbhU evaM apabhraza kA ullekha kiyA gayA taba vidvAnoM kA dhyAna apabhraMza bhASA, usake sAhitya evaM sAhityakAroM ke adhyayana kI aora gayA / svayaMbhU evaM puSpadanta ke pazcAt dhanapAla (10vIM zatAbdI) apabhraMza bhASA kA eka mahAn kavi huaA hai jisakI mukhya racanA "bhavisayattakahA" ( bhaviSyadatta kathA ) hai| vAstava meM apabhraMza sAhitya kI sAmagrI kA pahalA saMgraha "mATeriyAliyana tsUra keTanisa Desa apabhraMza" Aja se lagabhaga 84 varSa pUrva san 1902 I. meM jarmana vidvAn pizela ne prakAzita kara bhAratIya evaM yUropIya vidvAnoM ke apabhraMza adhyayana ke lie prastuta kiyaa| jarmanI ke hI eka dUsare vidvAn yAkobI ne san 1918 I. meM dhanapAla ke "bhavisayattakahA" kA sampAdana kiyA jisase vidvAnoM kA dhyAna apabhraMza sAhitya ke saundarya aura gaurava kI ora AkarSita huaa| yAkobI san 1914 meM ahamadAbAda pAye jahAM unheM panyAsazrI gulAbavijaya ne kaI pANDulipiyAM dikhAI jinameM "bhaksiyattakahA" kI pANDulipi bhI thii| yAkobI ne isakI pratilipi karAyI evaM cAra varSa pazcAt isakA sampAdana pUrNa kiyaa| bar3odA senTrala lAyabrarI ke zrI sI. DI. dalAla

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jaina vidyA prathama bhAratIya vidvAn the jinhoMne isa kRti kI ghora dhyAna diyaa| unheM isa kRti kI eka pANDulipi pATaNa meM milI aura unhoMne isake sampAdana kA kArya " gAyakavAr3a proriyaNTala sIrIja" ke antargata prArambha kiyA parantu unake nidhana ke kAraNa yaha kArya 1923 meM DaoN. pANDuraMga dAmodara guNe, puNe dvArA sampanna kiyA gayA / " bhavisayatta kahA " digambara jaina paramparA kA eka bar3A prabandha kAvya hai / dhanapAla (apabhraMza - dhanavAla ) svayaM ne apanI isa racanA kI antima bAIsavIM sandhi ke naveM kar3avaka ke ghattA meM apanA paricaya dete hue kahA hai dhakkar3avarivase mAesara ho samumbhaviraNa | dhanasirihovi suraNa viraiu sarasaisaMbhaviraNa || 3 isase jJAta hotA hai ki dhanapAla " dhanasiri" nagara ke eka dhakkar3a vANijyika parivAra meM paidA hu the / yAkobI ne "bhajjivi jeraNa diyaMbari lAiu" ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki dhanapAla digambara jaina the / hemacandra samrAT kumArapAla ke samaya meM bArahavIM zatAbdI hue haiN| inakI evaM dhanapAla kI racanAoM ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana se yaha bhI niSkarSa nikAlA gayA hai ki dhanapAla IsA kI 10vIM zatAbdI meM hue haiN| meM apabhraMza bhASA ke vizAla aura mahattvapUrNa parantu ajJAta evaM aprakAzita sAhitya ko prakAza meM lAne kI dRSTi se "jainavidyA saMsthAna, zrImahAvIrajI" ne bhI apanA yogadAna dene kA nizcaya kiyA evaM prapabhraMza bhASA ke adhyayana ke sAtha-sAtha apanI zodha patrikA " jaina vidyA" ke prathama tIna aMkoM ke mAdhyama se svayaMbhU evaM puSpadanta jaise apabhraMza ke mahAn kaviyoM ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kI paricaya sAmagrI prakAzita kI | apabhraMza ke anya mahAkavi dhanapAla ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva ke bAre meM paricaya dene hetu yaha cauthA aMka " dhanapAla vizeSAMka" pAThakoM ke hAthoM meM hai / isa kArya meM pUrva kI bhAMti amUlya sahayoga dene ke lie saMsthAna samiti apane hI sadasya DaoN. kamalacanda sogANI, prophesara evaM adhyakSa, darzanazAstra vibhAga, sukhADiyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura ke prati hArdika dhanyavAda arpita karatI hai / sAtha meM jina-jina vidvAnoM ne apanI racanAe~ bhejakara evaM nidezaka -sampAdaka, sahAyaka sampAdakoM va anya sahayogiyoM ne jo sahayoga pradAna kiyA hai una saba ke prati bhI saMsthAna samiti atyanta AbhArI hai / DaoN. gopIcanda pATanI saMyojaka - jaina vidyA saMsthAna samiti evaM sampAdaka "jainavidyA"

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prakAzakIya "janavidyA" patrikA ke aba taka tIna aMka prakAzita hokara pAThakoM ke pAsa pahuMca cuke haiM / inameM se prathama aMka mahAkavi svayaMbhU para evaM dvitIya tathA tRtIya aMka mahAkavi puSpadanta para the / ina tInoM hI aMkoM meM apabhraMza bhASA ke ukta mahAkaviyoM ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva para vibhinna prAyAmoM/dRSTikoNoM se apane apane viSaya ke adhikArI vidvAnoM dvArA zodha-khoja pUrNa adhyayana prastuta kiyA gayA thA ataH ye aMka sAmAnya na hokara vizeSAMka the / ina vizeSAMkoM kA jo svAgata-satkAra vidvadsamAja evaM prabuddha janatA dvArA huA usane hamAre utsAha ko bar3hAyA hai| usI se prerita hokara patrikA kA yaha caturtha aMka bhI apabhraMza ke hI eka anya mahAkavi "bhavisayattakahA" ke racanAkAra dhanapAla dhakkar3a para pUrva prakAzita vizeSAMkoM kI zrRMkhalA meM eka anya kar3I ke rUpa meM prastuta karate hue hamArA hRdaya protphulla hai| bhAratIya vidyAoM meM jaina vidyA kA apanA eka mahattvapUrNa evaM viziSTa sthAna hai| binA isake adhyayana manana ke bhAratIya darzana, itihAsa, dharma, saMskRti, lokajIvana Adi . kA jJAna pUrNa nahIM ho sakatA / vaha adhUrA/apUrNa hI rahegA / bhAratIya vidyA ke adhyetAoM ke lie janavidyA kA adhyayana evaM parijJAna aparihArya hai / jainavidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI isa AvazyakatA kI pUrti hetu kRtasaMkalpa hokara Age bar3ha rahA hai / "jaina vidyA" patrikA kA prakAzana isa dizA kI ora usakA eka kadama hai| hameM hamAre sAdhanoM kI sImA evaM kAryakSetra kI vizAlatA kA jJAna hai kintu hamAre sahayogiyoM kA utsAha apane kartavya ke prati unakI niSThA, lagana aura kAryakSamatA para hameM pUrA vizvAsa hai jisake bala para hama Azvasta haiM ki hama hamAre gantavya kI ora nirantara Age bar3hate raheMge, sAdhanoM kI sImitatA hamAre patha kA ror3A nahIM banegI, kAryakSetra kI vizAlatA hamAre DagoM ko lar3akhar3AyagI nahIM apitu pratipala hameM Age bar3hane kI preraNA degii| kisI bhI vidyA kA adhyayana binA usake sAhitya kA adhyayana kiye sambhava nahIM / sAhitya ke adhyayana ke lie usa bhASA kA jJAna Avazyaka hai jisameM vaha nibaddha hai / bhASA kA rUpa sthAyI nahIM hotA / vaha mAnavazarIra kI bhAMti pala-pratipala parivartanazIla hotA hai / yaha bAta alaga hai ki parivartana kI yaha gati itanI maMda hotI hai ki hameM isakA anubhava nahIM hotA / jIvana meM kaba bacapana bItA aura javAnI mAI evaM kaba javAnI bIta kara

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jaina vidyA 5 bur3hApA A gayA isakA patA hI nahIM calatA / jIvana ke ina tInoM rUpoM kI koI nizcita sImArekhA nahIM khecI jA sakatI kevala sthUlarUpa se hI unakA anubhava kiyA jA sakatA hai / jIvana ke sampUrNa adhyayana ke lie bacapana, javAnI aura bur3hApA ina tInoM avasthAoM kA adhyayana jarUrI hai / bhASA ke sambandha meM bhI yahI bAta hai / bhASA - zAstra ke adhyetAnoM ke lie usake vibhinna rUpoM / parivartanoM kA adhyayana eka aparihArya AvazyakatA hai, usake binA unakA bhASAzAstrIya jJAna apUrNa rahegA, adhUrA rahegA / isase apabhraMza bhASA aura usake sAhitya ke adhyayana kI AvazyakatA svayaMsiddha hai / pabhraMza bhASA kI khoja kA itihAsa nau dazaka se adhika prAcIna nahIM hai / isake vibhinna aMgoM, vizeSatAoM, aitihAsika, sAmAjika, dhArmika, dArzanika mahattva Adi kI dRSTi se isake mUlyAMkana kA prArambha to isase bhI tIna-cAra dazaka pazcAt huA / jyoM jyoM samaya vyatIta hotA gayA isa bhASA kI racanAeM prakAza meM prAtI gaIM / phalataH vidvAnoM kA dhyAna isa aura prAkRSTa huA / Aja kaI saMsthAeM evaM vidvAn isa kSetra meM kAryarata haiM kintu unameM Avazyaka tAlamela ke prabhAva meM jitane parimAraNa meM kArya honA cAhie utanA nahIM huA yA ho pA rahA / jo kucha kArya aba taka huA hai usameM bhI paryApta aMzo meM eka hI viSayavastu kI ekAdhika bAra punarAvRtti bhI huI hai / saMsthAna idhara bhI saceSTa hai / vaha isa kSetra meM kAryarata saMsthAnoM aura vidvAnoM meM sAmaMjasya baiThAne ke lie prayatnazIla hai / . jina vidvAnoM ne apanI kRtiyA~ bhejane kA anugraha kiyA hai hama unake AbhArI haiM / sAtha meM patrikA ke sampAdaka DaoN. gopIcanda pATanI ( saMyojaka, jainavidyA saMsthAna samiti ) evaM pro. pravINacandra jaina (mAnada nidezaka, jainavidyA saMsthAna ), sahAyaka sampAdaka - zrI bhaMvaralAla polyAkA evaM suzrI prIti jaina Adi sampAdana va prakAzana kArya meM pradatta sahayoga ke lie dhanyavAda ke pAtra haiN| dI kapUra presa ke proprAiTara evaM unake sahayogI bhI acche 'kalAtmaka mudraraNa hetu dhanyavAdArha haiM / kapUracandra pATanI prabandha-sampAdaka

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prArambhika "janavidyA" patrikA kA caturtha ka pAThakoM ke sAmane samarpita hai / patrikA kA pratyeka aMka apabhraMza bhASA ke jAne-mAne racanAkAroM ke nAma para unake kAlakramAnusAra prakAzita kiyA jAtA hai / isa prakAra aba taka prathama aMka mahAkavi svayaMbhU para evaM dvitIyatRtIya aMka mahAkavi puSpadanta para prakAzita hokara pAThakoM taka pahuMca cuke haiM / vizeSAMkoM kI usI zRMkhalA meM yaha caturtha kar3I "dhanapAla vizeSAMka" ke rUpa meM hai| dhanapAla ke samaya ke sambandha meM vidvAnoM meM matabheda hai| DaoN. pI. DI. guNe dhanapAla kI aba taka prApta eka mAtra racanA "bhaksiyatta-kahA" kI bhASA evaM vyAkaraNa kI dRSTi se usameM zithilatA aura anekarUpatA parilakSita kara use prAcArya hemacandra se pUrva kI, usa kAla kI svIkAra karate haiM jaba apabhraMza bolacAla kI bhASA thii| pro. bhAyANI, DaoN. dalAla, DaoN. harmana jekobI, DaoN. kochar3a prAdi vidvAn unakA samaya vikrama kI dasavIM zatAbdI ke lagabhaga svIkAra karate haiM / DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI ne apane zodha prabandha "bhavisayattakahA sathA apabhraMza kathA kAvya" meM apane saMgraha meM bhavisayattakahA ko eka pANDulipi kI prazasti ke prAdhAra para isa racanA ko vi. saM. 1393 kA svIkArA hai kintu DaoN. nemIcandra zAstrI jyotiSAcArya ne "tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA" nAmaka pustaka tathA paM. paramAnanda zAstrI ne "jainadharma kA itihAsa : dvitIya bhAga" meM unake isa mata ko isa tarka ke AdhAra para ki DaoN. zAstrI dvArA uddhRta prazasti racanAkAra kI na hokara lipikAra kI jJAta hotI hai, asvIkAra kara dhanapAla kA sthitikAla vikrama kI 10vIM zatI hI mAnA hai / saMsthAna ke pANDulipi vibhAga meM "bhavisayattakahA" kI vi. saM. 1540 evaM usake bAda kI pratilipi kI huI 10 pANDulipiyAM haiM jinameM se kisI meM bhI DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI dvArA ullikhita kar3avaka nahIM hai ataH hamane bhI bahusaMkhyaka vidvAnoM kI mAnyatA ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue isa krama meM yaha vizeSAMka prastuta kiyA hai / isa sambandha meM vizeSa nirNaya karanA hama vidvAnoM para chor3ate haiM / ___ "bhavisayattakahA" kA isa dRSTi se bhI bar3A mahattva hai ki eka videzI jarmana vidvAn harmana jekobI ne isa bhApA ke graMtha kI sarvaprathama khoja kI thI aura bhArata meM bhI apabhraza bhASA kA yahI sarvaprathama prakAzita graMtha hai jise prakAza meM lAne kA zreya gAyakavAr3a proriyaNTala sIrIja ko hai| isase pUrva vidvAn apabhraMza bhASA ke sAhitya se hI paricita nahIM the| bhASAvidoM kI dRSTi se IsA kI pAMcavI zatI se lekara dasavIM zatI taka apabhraMza kA kAla rahA hai yadyapi isake bAda bhI isa bhASA meM graMtha racanA hotI rhii| isase pUrva isa deza meM prAkRta evaM saMskRta bhASA kA pracAra-prasAra thA / vaidika sUktoM kI chAndas bhASA ko hI prasiddha vaiyAkaraNa pANini ne saMskArita kara saMskRta bhASA kA rUpa diyA thA / prAkRta kA udgama vrAtyoM kI bhASA prAcyA se huA / ye vrAtya vedoM ko pramANarUpa meM svIkAra nahIM karate the aura na unako pramANa mAnanevAloM kI dhArmika tathA sAmAjika vyavasthA ko

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jaina vidyA 1 svIkArate the / Rgveda aura atharvaveda meM inakA varNana milatA hai| ye mahiMsA, asteya Adi vratoM kA pAlana karane ke kAraNa isa nAma se abhihita kiye jAte the / vedoM meM prApya zrArha, vAtarazana Adi nAma bhI inake hI the / bhagavAn prAdinAtha se lekara ariSTanemi, pArzvanAtha tathA mahAvIra isI paramparA ke the| inakI saMskRti zramaraNa nAma se vikhyAta thI / ye vrAtya, arhat athavA vAtarazana hI vartamAna ke jaina haiM / mahAvIra kAla meM honevAle gautama buddha bhI isI zramaNa saMskRti ke the / isase yaha bhalIbhAMti pramANita hotA hai ki jaina aura bauddha janasAdhAraNa ke hitArtha apane dharma ke pracAra-prasAra ke lie zrAdikAla se hI zAstrIya bhASA kA sahArA na le tattatkAlIna bolacAla kI pracalita lokabhASA kA vyavahAra karate the aura usI meM graMtha racanA bhI karate the yadyapi Age calakara paristhitiyoM ne unheM saMskRta meM graMtharacanA ke lie vivaza kara diyA / vyAkaraNa ke niyamoM dvArA kisI bhASA kA rUpa sthira ho jAne para vaha janasAdhAraNa ke upayoga kI bhASA nahIM rahatI, kevala katipaya zikSita samudAya kI bhASA bana kara raha jAtI hai / saMskRta aura prAkRta ke sAtha bhI aisA hI huA / kintu bhASA kA pravAha rukatA nahIM vaha sarvadA gatimAna rahatA hai aura pariNAmasvarUpa naye naye bhASArUpoM kA janma hotA rahatA hai prAkRta bhASA ke zAstrIya bhASA bana jAne para jisa bhASA ne usakA sthAna grahaNa kiyA vaha thI apabhraMza / zrI candradhara zarmA "gulerI" ne ise hI purAnI hindI ke nAma se pukArA hai| jUnI gujarAtI aura purAnI rAjasthAnI isI ke bhASArUpoM meM se haiM / DaoN. udayanArAyaNa tivAr3I ne apanI racanA "hindI bhASA ke udgama aura vikAsa" meM yaha saca hI kahA hai ki pratyeka prAdhunika prArya bhASA ko apabhraMza kI sthiti pAra karanI par3I hai| muni jinavijayajI ke anusAra vartamAna gujarAtI, marAThI, hindI, paMjAbI, siMdhI, baMgAlI, asamI, uDiyA mAdi bhArata ke pazcima, uttara tathA pUrvI bhAgoM meM . bolI jAnevAlI dezI bhASAoM kI sagI jananI apabhraMza bhASA hI hai / DaoN. hIrAlAla mAhezvarI kA eka lekha " apabhraMza sAhitya aura maNidhArI jinacandrasUri " zIrSaka se bAbU choTelAla jaina smRti graMtha meM pRSTha 356 para prakAzita huA hai jisameM dI gaI eka tAlikA ke anusAra aba taka prApya apabhraMza bhASA ke sAre hI mahAkAvya jaina haiM / khaNDa kAvyoM meM bhI kevala do ko chor3akara sArI hI jaina racanAeM haiN| muktakakAvyoM meM bhI adhikAMza bhAga jainaracanAoM kA hI hai / jaina cAhe ve sAdhu hoM athavA gRhastha, sAhitya kA nirmANa laukika yaza athavA sampadA prApti ke lie nahIM karate / unakA dhyeya hotA hai zrAtmazuddhi, sAmAjika jAgaraNa evaM loka maMgala / " sAhitya vaha hai jo hitakArI ho" sAhitya kI isa paribhASA ko ve svIkArate the / kevala likhane ke lie hI prathavA 'kalA kalA ke lie hai" aisA mAnakara unhoMne likhA ho aisA nahIM hai /

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jainavidyA apabhraMza bhASA ke isa mahattva ko dekhakara hI saMsthAna ne sarvaprathama apabhraMza bhASA ke racanAkAroM para hI vizeSAMka nikAlane kA nirNaya liyA hai / prastuta aMka meM kavi dhanapAla ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva tathA usakI kAvya pratibhA se pAThakoM ko paricita karAne ke sAtha sAtha usakI racanA ke sAhityika evaM kAvyAtmaka mahattva ko ujAgara kiyA gayA hai| usakI kathA, kathArUpa, bhAvabodha, dhArmika pariveza, usameM nItitattva, yuga aura samAja ke sandarbha, jIvana meM pratibimba Adi viSayoM para adhikArI vidvAnoM dvArA prakAza DAlA gayA hai / isake atirikta apabhraMza bhASA kI eka mAdhyAtmika racanA "samAdhi" sAnuvAda prakAzita kI jA rahI hai / pramukha pAMca jaina purANoM-harivaMzapurANa, mahApurANa, pANDavapurANa, padmapurANa evaM vIravardhamAnapurANa meM Agata sUktiyoM kA bhA saMsthAna meM eka saMkalana taiyAra kiyA gayA hai jisakA kucha aMza bhI isa aMka meM chApA gayA hai| gatAMka meM hamane yaha vizeSAMka dhanapAla evaM dhavala para nikAlane kI sUcanA dI thI kintu dhavala se sambandhita kevala eka hI racanA hameM prApta huI prataH vivaza hokara isa aMka ko dhanapAla taka hI sImita karanA par3A / mahAkavi dhavala kA harivaMzapurANa aba taka jJAta eka mAtra racanA hai aura vaha bhI aprakAzita hai isa kAraNa sAdhanoM ke abhAva meM vijJajana hameM apanI racanAyeM bhejane meM asamartha rhe| dhavala para vizeSAMka aba Age prakAzita hogaa| hamane harivaMzapurANa kI phoTo sTeTa pratiyAM karAlI haiM jo lekhakoM ko lekhana meM suvidhA pradAna karane hetu kucha dinoM ke lie unake pAsa bhejI jA sakatI haiN| prAgAmI vizeSAMka isI bhASA ke mahAkavi vIru para hogaa| jina vidvAn racanAkAroM ne apanI racanAeM preSita kara athavA anya prakAra se hameM apanA sahayoga diyA hai unake hama kRtajJa haiM / saMsthAna samiti tathA sampAdaka-maNDala ke sadasyoM, saha-sampAdakoM evaM apane anya sahayogI kAryakartAoM ke prati bhI unake dvArA pradatta parAmarza, sahayoga prAdi ke lie AbhAra prakaTa karate haiM / mudraNAlaya ke svAmI, mainejara Adi bhI susajja kalApUrNa mudraNa hetu samAna rUpa se dhanyavAdAha haiM / (pro.) pravINacandra jaina sampAdaka

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mahAkavi dhanapAla vyaktitva evaM kRtitva - DaoN. jayakizanaprasAda khaNDelavAla 1000 I. hai aura digambara jaina mata ke anuyAyI dhanapAla dhakkar3a vaizya the| unake pitA kA nAma mAtezvara aura mAtA kA nAma dhanazrI thaa| dhanapAla kA vizeSa paricaya nahIM milatA / unakA sthitikAla vivAdAspada hai / dhanapAla nAma ke cAra lekhaka hue haiM jinameM do saMskRta ke aura do apabhraMza ke haiM / saMskRta ke gadyakAvyakAra dhanapAla kA samaya unakI 'tilakamaMjarI' para bANabhaTTa kI kAdambarI kA prabhAva spaSTa hai / 1 apabhraMza ke eka kavi dhanapAla ne 'bAhubali carita' kI racanA kI hai / 2 dhakkar3a vaMza ke kavi hariSeNa ne vi. saM. 1044 meM 'dharmaparIkSA' nAmaka grantha kI racanA kii| dilavAr3A ke vi. saM. 1287 ke tejapAla ke zilAlekha meM dharkaTa jAti kA ullekha milatA hai / isa prakAra dasavIM se terahavIM zatAbdI taka dhakkar3a vaMza prasiddha rahA hai / hamAre pratipAdya kavi dhanapAla kI ekamAtra apabhraMza racanA 'bhavisayattakahA' hai / isa kAvyagrantha meM dhanapAla kI anya kisI racanA ke likhe jAne kA ullekha nahIM hai / kahA jAtA hai ki dhanapAla ko sarasvatI kA varadAna prApta thA / sthitikAla - rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne prAcIna kaviyoM kI racanAoM kA saMkalana 'kAvyadhArA' nAma se kiyA hai| isameM dhanapAla kA samaya 10vIM zatI mAnA hai| unhoMne inakI bhASA ko 'purAnI hindI ' mAnA hai / zrI motIlAla menAriyA ne jaina kavi dhanapAla kA samaya

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10 jaina vidyA saM. 1081 mAnA hai| unhoMne inheM purAnI rAjasthAnI kA kavi mAnA hai| yadyapi inakI bhASA prAyaH sAhityika apabhraMza hI hai, kintu hindI sAhitya ke AdikAla kI paramparA ko samajhane meM inake graMtha kA apUrva yogadAna hai| DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI ne dasavIM se terahavIM zatI ke madhya dhanapAla kA sthitikAla saMbhAvita mAnA hai / 'bhavisayattakahA' kI bhASA kI tulanA karate hue DaoN. harmana jaikobI kA anumAna hai ki dhanapAla dasavIM zatI meM rahe hoMge / dhanapAla ke 'bhavisayattakahA' para bArahavIM zatI ke vibudha zrIdhara ke 'bhaviSyadattacaritra' kA prabhAva lakSita karake DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI dhanapAla ko caudahavIM zatI meM vidyamAna honA ucita mAnate haiM / itihAsa ke Aloka meM isa graMtha se jo tathya prApta hote haiM unase yaha kAla ucita pratIta hotA hai| dhanapAla ne apane graMtha meM dillI ke siMhAsana para muhammadazAha (1325-51 I.) kA zAsana karanA likhA hai / san 1328 I. meM prAcArya jinaprabhasUri kA muhammadazAha ko dharmazravaNa karAnA eka mahattvapUrNa ghaTanA mAnI jAtI hai / isa prakAra aitihAsika pramANoM ke AdhAra para kavi dhanapAla kA caudahavIM zatAbdI I. meM 'bhavisayattakahA' kI racanA karanA sunizcita pratIta hotA hai| yaha kAla-nirdhAraNa navInatama anusaMdhAna ke prAdhAra para hai| kathAnaka-bhaviSyadatta kI kathA jainadharma meM eka lokapriya kathA rahI hai| bhavisa kI kahAnI karuNa evaM mArmika hai / bhaviSyadattakathA eka laukika kathA hai / isake tIna khaNDa haiN| isake prathama khaNDa meM bhaviSyadatta ke vaibhava kA varNana hai / dvitIya khaNDa meM kururAja aura takSazilArAja ke yuddha meM bhaviSyadatta kI pramukha bhUmikA evaM vijaya kA varNana hai / graMtha ke tatIya khaNDa meM bhaviSyadatta ke tathA unake sAthiyoM ke pUrvajanma aura bhaviSya-janma kA varNana hai / eka muni ke upadeza se bhaviSyadatta vairAgya dhAraNa karatA hai / anta meM zrutapaMcamI ke mAhAtmya kA varNana hai / kathA ke prArambha meM bhI isI vrata kA saMketa hai| kavi ne isa graMtha meM bar3e sundara varNana prastuta kiye haiM / kathA ke prathama khaNDa meM zRMgAra rasa, dvitIya meM vIra rasa ' aura tRtIya meM zAnta rasa kI yojanA huI hai / nakhazikha-varNana prAcIna paramparA ke anukUla hai| isa kAvya meM aneka sundara prAkRtika varNana haiM / kavi ne kAvya meM sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAroM kA sundara viniyoga karake use sauSThava pradAna kiyA hai / bhASA meM lokoktiyoM aura vAgdhArAgoM tathA sUktiyoM evaM subhASitoM kA sundara prayoga milatA hai / graMtha meM prAyaH mAtrika vRtta adhika haiN| prabandha saMghaTanA-kathAbandha kI dRSTi se bhavisayattakahA prabandha-kAvya hai kintu vastutaH yaha kathAkAvya hI hai kyoMki isameM kathA kA vikAsa hI pramukha hai / isameM dhArmika bhAvanA kI pradhAnatA hone se, anta meM avAntara kathAnoM ke sanniveza se kathAnaka gatihIna evaM prabhAvahIna bana gayA hai / avAntara kathAnoM kA uddezya karma-vipAka dikhAnA evaM dhArmika vrata mAhAtmya kI ora pAThakoM kA dhyAna AkarSita karanA rahA hai / yaha paurANika prabhAva hai / viTaranitja ne 'bhavisayattakahA' ko romAMcaka mahAkAvya mAnA hai / DaoN. zambhUnAthasiMha ke matAnusAra romAMcaka kathAkAvyoM meM kAryAnviti nahIM hotI aura na nATakIya tattva hI adhika hote haiM / unakA kathAnaka pravAhamaya aura vaividhyapUrNa adhika hotA hai para usameM kasAvaTa aura thor3e meM adhika

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jainavidyA - 11 kahane kA guNa jo mahAkAvya kA pradhAna lakSaNa hai, nahIM hotA / DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI ne bhavisayattakahA ko prabandhakAvya ke maulika guNoM kI dRSTi se eka saphala racanA mAnA hai / unakA kathana hai-"prastuta kAvya meM kathAnaka gatizIla aura kasA huA hai| kevala pUrvajanma kI avAntara kathAoM meM kucha zaithilya pratIta hotA hai / parantu kathA aura ghaTanAoM kA Adi se anta taka pUrNa sAmaMjasya tathA kAryAnviti spaSTa dRSTigocara hotI hai / isalie prabaMdha-kAvya ke maulika guNoM kI dRSTi se yaha eka saphala racanA kahI jA sakatI hai kyoMki isameM kathAnaka kA vistAra kathA-tattva ke lie na hokara caritra-citraNa ke lie huA hai jo mahAkAvya kA pradhAna guNa mAnA jAtA hai / caritra-citraNa meM manovaijJAnikatA kA sanniveza isa kAvya kI vizeSatA hai / phira kathAnaka meM nATakIya tattvoM kA bhI pUrNa samAveza hai / vastutaH isa kAvya kA mahattva tIna bAtoM meM hai-paurANikatA se haTakara loka-jIvana kA yathArtha-citraNa karanA, kAvya-rUr3hiyoM kA samAhAra kara kathA ko prabaMdhakAvya kA rUpa denA aura use saMvedanIya banAnA / " kAvya-rUr3hiyAM--prastuta kAvya meM agrAMkita sAta kAvya-rUr3hiyAM prayukta huI haiM - 1. maMgalAcaraNa 2. vinaya pradarzana 3. kAvya-racanA kA prayojana 4. sajjana-durjana varNana 5. vandanA (pratyeka sandhi ke prArambha meM stuti yA vandanA) 6. zrotA-vaktA zailI 7. anta meM prAtmaparicaya / lagabhaga ye sabhI kAvya-rUr3hiyAM hameM apabhraMza ke sandeza rAsaka, avadhI ke padmAvata aura rAmacaritamAnasa Adi meM kucha parivartana ke sAtha dikhAI par3atI haiM / vastuvarNana-bhavisayattakahA kathAkAvya meM paramparAmukta vastu-parigaNana zailI ke sAtha hI loka-pracalita zailI meM bhI jana-jIvana kA svAbhAvika citraNa huA hai| nagara-varNana, nakha-zikha-varNana, prakRti-varNana aura vana-varNana meM koI vizeSatA nahIM dikhAI pdd'tii| caritracitraNa-bhavisayattakahA meM pramukha rUpa se virodhI pravRttiyoMvAle vargagata caritra haiM / eka varga meM bhaviSyadatta aura kamalazrI haiM to dUsare meM bandhudatta aura sarUpA / rAjA bhUpAla aura dhanavai vyaktigata vizeSatAoM se saMyukta caritra haiN| rAjA nyAyI, hita aura ahita kA viveka rakhanevAlA tathA anyAya kA pratikAra karanevAlA hai| dhanavai lokanIti aura rIti kA anusaraNa karatA huA bhI binA kisI apavAda ke dUsarA vivAha karane hetu

Page #18
jainavidyA kamalazrI jaisI guNavatI strI ko chor3a detA hai / bhaviSyadatta ke caritra meM kavi ne sabhI Adarza-rUpoM kI pratiSThA svAbhAvika sAhacarya se saMyukta kI hai| vaha vaizya kulotpanna hone para bhI apane guNoM se mahAn puruSa bana jAtA hai ataH dhanapAla ne prasiddha mahApuruSa kI kathA ko kAvyAtmaka rUpa meM prastuta kiyA hai| usake caritra ke vikAsa meM kavi ne apane kauzala kA paricaya diyA hai| usake vyaktigata svabhAva ke sAtha hI rAjA ko upahAra dekara prasanna evaM apane pakSa meM karane ke usake vaizya jAti ke lie ucita jAtigata vyavahAra kA citraNa karanA kavi mUlatA nhiiN| kAvya ke prathama khaNDa meM dhanavai, kamalazrI aura sarUpA ke caritra pramukha haiM aura dvitIya khaNDa meM bhaviSyadatta kA caritra apane carama vikAsa para hai| rasa vyaJjanA-bhavisayattakahA kI makhya kathA se vIra rasa kA ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai kintu vaha pariNati meM zRMgAra se sambandhita hai kyoMki yuddha-varNana ke mUla meM rAjya-prApti na hokara strI kI saMrakSA hai ataH isa kAvya meM vIra rasa pradhAna na hokara zRMgAra rasa hI pramukha hai / kathA kA paryavasAna zAnta rasa meM huA hai / isa kAvya meM kavi ne udAtta-prema kA nirUpaNa karate hue zRMgAra kI vyaMjanA kI hai / isameM zRMgAra ke saMyoga aura viyoga donoM rUpoM kA citraNa hai / vAtsalya kA varNana bhI do-eka sthaloM para sundara bana par3A hai / yaha vyaMjanA svAbhAvika rUpa se huI hai / mAtA kamalazrI ko mamatAmayI bhAvanAoM kI sundara abhivyakti huI hai| isa kAvya meM viyoga-varNana rIti-parampaga se grasta mAnavIya bhAvanAoM kA pradarzana na hokara manuSya-jIvana kI vAstavika anubhUtiyoM se niSpanna huA hai| saMvAda-yojanA---prastuta kathAkAvya meM prabandhakAvya ke upayukta saMvAda-yojanA huI hai| saMvAdoM kI to isameM pracuratA hai jinameM nATakIyatA, abhineyatA, vAkcAturya, kasAvaTa, madhuratA tathA hAva-bhAvoM kA pradarzana evaM yathAsthAna vyaMgya kA samAveza huaA hai / saMvAda kathAnaka ko gatimAna karane ke sAtha hI vAtAvaraNa tathA dRzya ko bhI netroM ke samakSa rUpAyita kara dete haiM / ina saMvAdoM kI kasAvaTa, sarasatA tathA madhuratA apanI vizeSatA rakhatI hai / bhaviSyadatta kA mAtA ke vAtsalyapUrNa udgAroM ke prati yaha kathana dekhie bhavisayattu vihaseviNa japai tumhahaM bhIrattaNiNa samappai / praiyAri vAmohuNa kijjai samavayajariNa poDhattaNu hijjai // 3.12 zailI---prastuta kathAkAvya meM apabhraMza ke prabandhakAvyoM kI kaDavakabandha zailI prayukta hai / kaDavakabandha sAmAnyataH dasa se solaha paMktiyoM kA hai / kaDavaka pajjhaTikA, aDillA yA vasta se samanvita hote haiM / sandhi ke prArambha meM tathA kaDavaka ke anta meM dhravA, dhruvaka yA pattA chanda prayukta haiM / ghattA nAma kA eka chanda bhI hai kintu sAmAnyataH kisI bhI chanda ko 'ghattA' kahA jA sakatA hai / bhASA--rAhulajI ne dhanapAla kI bhASA ko 'purAnI hindI', mainAriyAjI ne 'purAnI rAjasthAnI', DaoN. harmana jaikobI ne 'uttarapradeza ko eka bolI' mAnA hai / DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI kA spaSTa mata hai 'dhanapAla kI bhASA sAhityika apabhraMza hai, para usameM lokabhASA

Page #19
jaina vidyA 13 kA pUrA puTa hai| isalie jahAM eka ora sAhityika varNana tathA ziSTa prayoga haiM, vahIM loka jIvana kI sAmAnya bAtoM kA vivaraNa gharelU vAtAvaraNa meM variNata hai|' dhanapAla kI bhASA sAhityika bhASA hai / kevala loka bolI kA puTa yA usake zabda-rUpoM kI pracuratA hone se hama use usa yuga kI bolIjAnevAlI bhASA nahIM mAna sakate kyoMki pratyeka racanA meM bolacAla ke kucha zabdoM kA pA jAnA svAbhAvika hai / isakA vicAra bhASA kI banAvaTa ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kiyA jA sakatA hai ki vaha bolI hai yA bhASA? dhanapAla kI bhASA meM jaisI kasAvaTa aura saMskRta ke zabdoM ke prati jhukAva hai usase yahI siddha hotA hai ki unakI bhASA bolacAla kI na hokara sAhitya kI hai| sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAra-dhanapAla ne apane isa kathAkAvya meM sAdRzyamUlaka alaMkAroM kA prayoga kiyA hai| unhoMne upamA aura utprekSA alaMkAroM kA prayoga adhika kiyA hai| upamA alaMkAra ke to kaI rUpa milate haiM, mUrta aura amUrta bhAvoM meM bhI sAmya dikhAyA hai / udAharaNArtha teraNa vi diThTha kumAra prakAyaru / baDavAnaliNa nAI rayaNAyaru / / ... -5.18 arthAt usa rAkSasa ne bhaviSyadatta kumAra ko vaisA hI kAyara dekhA jaise samudra ke bhItara rahanevAlI baDavAgni hotI hai / isI prakAra dhanapAla ne apane kathAkAvya meM prakRti-varNana meM mAnavIya rUpoM tathA bhAvoM kI bhI bar3I sundara abhivyakti kI hai / kavi kI urvara evaM anubhUtimayI kalpanA kA paricaya usakI alaMkAra-yojanA meM spaSTa rUpa se parilakSita hotA hai| niSkarSa yaha ki apabhraMza ke kathAkAvyoM meM 'bhavisayattakahA' kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / ima kathAkAvya meM prabandhakAra kavivara dhanapAla kI kAvyakalA kA atyanta sundara digdarzana upalabdha hotA hai| apabhraMza ke carita-kAvyoM kA hindI sAhitya meM mahattva nirupita karate hue prAcArya DaoN. hajArIprasAda dvivedI ne likhA hai--'ina carita-kAvyoM ke adhyayana se paravartIkAla ke hindI sAhitya ke kathAnakoM, kathAnaka-rUr3hiyoM, kAvyarUpoM, kavi-prasiddhiyoM, chanda-yojanA, varNana-zailI, vastu-vinyAsa, kavi-kauzala Adi kI kahAnI bahuta spaSTa ho jAtI hai| isalie ina kAvyoM se hindI sAhitya ke vikAsa ke adhyayana meM bahuta mahattvapUrNa sahAyatA prApta hotI hai / ' prAcArya dvivedI ne rAmacandra zukla ke mata kA khaNDana karate hue dhanapAla prAdi jaina kaviyoM ko hindI kAvya-kSetra meM gauravapUrNa sthAna dene ke lie bar3A Thosa tarka diyA hai-'svayambhU, caturbhuja, puSpadanta aura dhanapAla jaise kavi kevala jaina hone ke kAraNa hI kAvya-kSetra se bAhara nahIM cale jAte / dhArmika sAhitya hone mAtra se koI racanA sAhityika koTi se alaga nahIM kI jA sktii| yadi aisA samajhA jAne lage to tulasIdAsa kA rAmacaritamAnasa bhI sAhitya-kSetra meM avivecya ho jAegA aura jAyasI kA padmAvata bhI sAhitya-sImA ke bhItara nahIM ghusa skegaa|' prAcArya hajArIprasAda dvivedI ne dhanapAla ke 'bhavisayattakahA'

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jaina vidyA kathAkAvya kA apabhraMza ke carita-kAvyoM meM bahuta U~cA sthAna mAnA hai / isa kAvya meM kavi udAtta prama vIrarasa ke udAtta caritanAyaka aura vAtsalya rasa kA mArmika citraNa kiyA hai / zrataH prAcIna caritakAvya ke rUpa meM yaha kathAkAvya apanA vizeSa mahattva rakhatA hai / 14 1. tilakamaMjarI meM citrakalA, prastarakalA tathA anya kalA-kauzaloM kA sthala - sthala para vizada ullekha hai 2. inakA samaya 15vIM zatI hai / 3. rAhula dvArA saMkalita 'kAvyadhArA' / 4. hindI sAhitya, prAcArya DaoN. hajArIprasAda dvivedI, 1953, pRSTha 21 / puruSa kA puruSatva purisa purisivvau pAlivvau paradhaNu parakalattu gau livvau / taM dhaNu jaM zraviraNAsiyadhammeM rors yovakkiya suhakammeM // artha - puruSa kA puruSatva isI meM hai ki vaha paradhana aura para strI kI pAlanA kare, unheM grahaNa na kare / dhana vahI hai jo pUrvakRta zubhakarma evaM avinAzI dharma ke dvArA prApta ho / bhavi 3.19.1-2

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bheMTa kavi dhanapAla se -zrI nemIcanda paToriyA maiM kavi dhanapAla kI 'bhavisayattakahA' kA manoyoga se adhyayana kara rahA thA, zAyada cAra-pAMca dina bIte hoNge| nitya kI nAI uSaHkAla meM maiM ghUmane gyaa| Upara gagana meM bAdala chA rahe the aura bhU para pragAr3ha kuharA / itane meM dekhA ki eka latAkuMja se eka dhuMdhalI manuSyAkRti prakaTa huI aura bolI-"maiM dhanapAla, 'bhavisayattakahA' kA lekhaka huuN| mujhe kyoM smaraNa kiyA gayA ?" maiMne savinaya abhivAdana kiyA aura niDara hokara kucha prazna kiye / unhoMne unake jo uttara diye unheM maiM yahAM likha rahA hU~ praznazrIman ! ApakA nAma Ajakala ke lekhaka 'dhanapAla' likhate haiM lekina Apake graMtha meM ApakA nAma 'dhaNavAla' yA 'dhaNapAla' AtA hai| batAyaMge ki ApakA vAstava meM nAma kyA hai ? uttara-merA nAma saMskRta meM 'dhanapAla' hai lekina apabhraMza meM 'dhaNapAla' yA 'ghaNavAla' bhI hai| maiMne svayaM apane graMtha meM (saMdhi 5, 10, 11, 15, 20 aura 22) 'gharamapAla' yA 'dharaNavAla' nAma hI spaSTa rUpa se likhe haiN| prazna-he kavirAja ! Apake racita graMtha ke bhI vividha nAma haiN| mUlarUpa se vAstavika nAma kyA hai batAyaMge ?

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jaina vidyA uttara--yaha saca hai ki merI racanA vibhinna nAmoM se vizruta hai / maiMne prArambha meM hI ise 'suyapaMcamIkahA' yAne 'zrutapaMcamIkathA'" kahA hai| zreNika ne gautama gaNadhara se 'suyapaMcamIkahA ' pUchI hai / 2 gautama gaNadhara ne isI kathA ko 'suyapaMcamIkahA' kahA hai| graMtha ke anta meM bhI ise 'zrutapaMcamIkathA' hI kahA hai / ata maiM mUlarUpa se ise 'suyapaMcamIkahA' yA 'zrutapaMcamIkathA' mAnatA hUM kintu kathA kA nAyaka bhavisayatta ( bhaviSyadatta ) hai aura sArI kathA isa kathAnAyaka se lipaTI huI hai ataH ise 'bhavisayattakahA' kahanA bhI anucita nahIM hai / loka meM yaha bhaviSyadattakathA ke nAma se pracalita hai| maiM bhI lokabhAvanA kA Adara karatA hUM aura isa racanA ko 'bhavisayattakahA' bhI kahatA hU~ 14 16 prazna - kavirAyajI ! Apane apanA paricaya to kevala do paMktiyoM meM diyA hai / itanA kama kyoM ? uttara - maiMne apanA paricaya antima saMdhi meM yaha diyA hai dhakkaDa variNavaMsi mAesaraho samumbhaviraNa | siridevi eNa viraiGa sarasaisaMbhaviNa // 15 arthAt maiM dhakkaDa baniyA vaMza meM utpanna huA, pitA mAyezvara aura mAM kA nAma dhanazrI hai, sAtha hI maiM devI sarasvatI kA putra hUM / merI samajha se yahI paryApta hai / prazna - he zAradAputra ! Apane svayaM ko 'sarasa saMbhaviraNa (sarasvatIprasUta putra ) 8 kahA, sAtha hI 'sarasaibahuladdhamahAvareNa' (sarasvatI ke bahulabdha mahAvaradAna se ) 7 kahA, kyA yaha zrAtmazlAghA yA svaprazaMsA nahIM hai ? uttara - ApakI zaMkA samucita hai / vAstavikatA yaha hai ki isa kathA ko likhane ke pUrva maiMne cAra sundara racanAyeM bhI kI thIM, jinako par3hakara yA sunakara, rAjA va prajA mujhe sarasvatI vara prApta yA sarasvatI putra kahate the / vaha mere lie janatA kI snehamayI padavI thii| maiMne janatA kI pradatta padavI va saMbodhana ko apanAkara likhA hai / vAstava meM maiMne prArambha apane lie 'hamaMdabuddhi giggura giratthu mohaMghayAri' ( maiM maMdabuddhi, nirguNa, nirarthaka, mohAndhakArI ) 8 ye vizeSaNa likhe haiM / isase soca sakate haiM ki maiM svaprazaMsA yA abhimAnagrasta nahIM huuN| para vidvadgaNa va prajA ne jo vizeSaNa yA pada mere lie pradatta kiye haiM, unheM svIkAra karane meM maiM vAstava meM prajA kA Adara samajhatA hUM / sneha se dI huI koI bhI vastu yA vizeSaNa ko asvIkAra karanA snehI kA anAdara hai / ataH maiM una vizeSaraNoM kA prayoga spaSTataH karatA hU~ / prazna - vidvadvara ! 'bhavisayattakahA' kA abhiprAya yA r3hAMcA jise kathAnaka rUr3hi kahate haiM ve kyA haiM ? uttara - prazna zrApakA sundara hai| vAstava meM kathAnaka rUr3hi para kathA kI imArata cunI jAtI hai| vaha nimnalikhita hai

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janavidyA . . -17 1. maMgalAcaraNa, sajjana-durjana-prazaMsA / 2. dhanapAla seTha aura usakI patnI putrAbhAva se ciMtita / 3. muni kI bhaviSyavANI ke anusAra samaya para putra-ratna kI prApti / 4. dhanapAla kA dUsarI zAdI karanA / 5. pahalI patnI aura bhaviSyadatta kI upekSA / 6. dUsarI patnI se baMdhudatta kA utpanna honA / 7. donoM putroM kA 500 vyApAriyoM ke sAtha dezAntara-bhramaNa para jAnA / 8. samudra meM tUphAna kA AnA aura badhudatta dvArA bhaviSyadatta ko dhokhA dekara tilaka dvIpa . para chor3a jaanaa| 9. bhaviSyadatta kA janazUnya nagarI meM phuNcnaa| 10. vahAM pratIva sundarI kanyA ke darzana / 11 eka rAkSasa dvArA donoM kA vivAha karAnA aura 12 varSa taka sAtha-sAtha rahanA / 12. samudra ke kinAre kisI jahAja kI khoja meM jAnA, vahAM asaphala baMdhudatta se bheMTa / 13. baMdhudatta dvArA kSamAyAcanA aura bhaviSyadatta kI sArI sampatti tathA patnI ko jahAja para cddh'aanaa| 14. jahAja calane se pUrva bhaviSyadatta kA jinamaMdira meM darzana karane jAnA aura baMdhudatta dvArA use chor3akara usakI sampatti va usakI patnI ko lekara bhAga jAnA / 15. deva kI sahAyatA se bhaviSyadatta kA ghara pahuMcanA / 16. rAjA se zikAyata aura nyAya prApta karanA / 17. rAjA dvArA bhaviSyadatta ko apanA uttarAdhikArI banAnA va rAjakumArI se vivAha krnaa| 18. prathama patnI kI mAtRbhUmi jAne kI icchA, mainAka dvIpa kI yAtrA aura jaina muni ke darzana / 19. kucha dina bAda muni dvArA bhaviSyadatta ke pUrvabhava kA varNana aura bhaviSyadatta kA vairAgya / 20. zrutapaMcamI kA mAhAtmya / isa prakAra maiMne kathAnakarUr3hiyoM kA DhAMcA spaSTa kara diyA hai / prazna-pApane bar3I sundaratA se kathAnakarUr3hiyoM ke mAdhyama se sampUrNa kathA kA sAra batA diyA hai ? kintu Apane "bihikhaMDahiM bAvIsahi saMdhihi paricitiyaniyaheu nibaMpihi"10 likhakara kathA ko do bhAgoM meM kyoM bAMTA ? jabaki aneka vidvAn ise tIna bhAgoM meM bAMTane ke pakSa meM haiN|

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18 janavidyA uttara-maiM mAnatA hUM ki bhaviSyadattakathA kA pUrvabhAga vahAM samApta hotA hai jahAM vaha rAjA se nyAya pAkara apanI sampatti va strI ko pAne ke sAtha hI rAjA kA kRpApAtra hokara yuvarAja pada pAtA hai va rAjakumArI se vivAha karatA hai| __dUsarA bhAga isake bAda kA hai jahAM kuru-nareza aura takSilA nareza meM yuddha hotA hai aura bhaviSyadatta apanI vIratA se yuddha meM vijayI hotA hai tathA aMta meM vaha sAdhu banatA hai, usake sAthI bhI dharmamArga para calate haiM aura kathAnAyaka aura unake saMyamI sAthI apavarga ko prApta hote haiN| hAM ! koI koI dUsare bhAga ke do bhAga karate haiN| eka yuddhabhAga dUsarA dharmAcaraNabhAga / isa taraha kathAnaka ke tIna bhAga hote haiN| prazna-vijJavara ! jAnane kA kautUhala hai ki yaha bhaviSyadattakathA prApakI svataMtra-kRti hai yA Apane kisI kA anusaraNa kiyA hai ? prA uttara-mujhe svIkAra karane meM jarA bhI saMkoca nahIM hai ki yaha merI svataMtra racanA nahIM hai / yaha kathAnaka pUrva se hI lokapriya thA aura maiMne isakI padyaracanA kii| isameM mAM sarasvatI kA hI prasAda hai merA kucha nahIM hai / merI racanA kI 14vIM saMdhi ke 20veM kaDavaka kI 17vIM paMkti par3hiye usameM hai-pAraMparakavvahaM lahivi bheu mai jharivau sarasaivasiNa eu paramparA se purAnI kavitA prAptakara sarasvatI mAM kI sahAyatA se maiMne yaha racanA kii| isase yaha spaSTa hai ki merA kAvya kalpita yA svataMtra racita nahIM hai / vaise maiMne prArambha meM bhI likhA hai ki rAjA zreNika ne gaNadhara gautama se zrutapaMcamIkathA ke sambandha meM pUchA thApucchatahu suyapaMcamivihANa tahiM pAyau eu kahANihANa12 / maiM yaha bhI svIkAra karatA hUM ki mere pUrva ke kavi vibudha zrIdhara ke 'bhaviSyadattacaritra' kA atyanta prabhAva hai aura aisA kathAnaka bauddha-granthoM meM bhI milatA hai / isase spaSTa hai ki yaha racanA merI svatantra kRti nahIM haiN| prazna-he kavivara ! mujhe Apake dharma va saMpradAya ke jAnane kI abhilASA hai / kRpA kara spaSTa kiijiye| uttara-yaha prazna mere kAvya se nahIM mere svayaM se sambandhita hai / mujhe spaSTa karane meM gaurava hai ki maiM digaMbara saMpradAya kA anuyAyI hUM isalie apanI mAnyatA ke anusAra maiMne varNana kiyaa| jaise-mUlaguNoM ke varNana meM maiMne madhu, mAMsa, madya aura pAMca udambara kA varNana kiyA hai ki unheM kabhI bhI nahIM khAnA cAhiye / 14 yaha kathana bhAvasaMgraha ke kartA digaMbara-prAcArya devasena ke anusAra hai / isI prakAra solaha svoM kA varNana digaMbara amnAyAnukUla hai (20.9.8) / sAtha hI sallekhanA kA caturtha zikSAvrata ke rUpa meM varNana karanA digambarAmnAya kA dyotaka hai / isa taraha jahAM AvazyakatA huI maiMne digambara mAmnAya ke anukUla likhA hai|

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janavidyA 19 prazna- he prabuddha ! Apane apanA kAvya kisa zailI meM likhA hai ? uttara-spaSTa hai ki merA kAvya kaDavakabaddha zailI meM likhA hai| mere sAmane kavi svayaMbhU kA 'paumacariu' thA / maiMne usako Adarza mAnakara usakI kaDavaka zailI apanAI / merI racanA meM tIna sau saiMtIsa kaDavaka haiM / inameM prArambha meM duvaI aura aMta meM bhI duvaI kA prayoga huA hai| kahIM-kahIM prArambha meM dohA yA caupAI aura anta meM duvaI tathA pattA pramukha haiM / eka kaDavaka meM dasa paMktiyoM se lekara teraha paMktiyoM taka meM paddhaDiyA chanda kA prayoga huA hai / maiMne apane kAvya meM prasAda guNa ko hI apanAyA hai| maiMne navarasoM ko yathAsthAna uMDelA hai aura alaMkAroM meM utprekSA, upamA, rUpaka aura arthAntaranyAsa kA bahuta upayoga kiyA hai / sArAMza meM maiMne apane kAvya meM kalA-pakSa kA bhI satat dhyAna rakhA hai| maiMne apanI aora se jitanA mujhe jJAna thA use sAvadhAnI se apanI racanA ko samarpita kiyA hai / vaise maiM apane ko alpadhI hI mAnatA huuN| ___itane meM sUrya kI prathama kiraNa camakI to bheMTa kartA AtmA adRzya hone lgii| maiM kevala vidAI kA praNAma unheM de sakA aura vicAra-magna ho dhIre-dhIre ghara kI ora bar3hA / 1. bhavisayatta kahA 1.1.2 2. bha. ka. 1.4.8 3. bha. ka. 22.11.9 4 graMtha kA yaha nAma anta meM hai - 'samatA bhavisayatakahA' 5. bha. ka. 22.9.9-10 6. bha. ka. 22.9.10 7. bha. ka. 1.4.5 8. bha. ka. 1.2.1-2 9. apabhraMza kathAkAvya evaM hindI premAkhyAna-DaoN. premacandra jaina, pRSTha 310-11 10. bha. ka. 22.9.10 11. bhavisayattakahA-oriyanTala insTITyUTa oNpha bar3audA, prastAvanA-pRSTha 4 12. vahI 1.4.8 13. bhavisayattakahA tathA apabhraMza kathAkAvya - DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI, pR. 85 14. mahu majju maMsu paMcuMvarAi khajjati na jammaMtarasayAI / 16.8.1

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dvIpAntara -gamana samaya bhavisa ko mAtA kI zikSA bahu rai vayaraNAlAu raga kijjai / jaMpati mahiyalu joijjai / yaha hoMti juvAraha muddhau taruNivayaragadaMsara rasaluddhau // artha- striyoM meM adhika ruci mata dikhAnA, unake sAtha adhika vArtAlApa mata karanA, unase vArtAlApa karate samaya netroM ko nIce pRthvI kI ora jhuke rakhanA kyoMki javAna mUr3ha aura taruNiyoM ke vacana va darzana ke rasa ke lolupa hote haiM / ghattA - jovaraNa viyArarasavasapasari so sUrau so paNDiyau / cala mammaraNavayaNullAvaehi jo paratiyaha raga khaMDiyau // artha-yauvana ke vikAra rUpI rasa ke prabhAva se prabhAvita hokara parastriyoM ke caMcala kAmadeva ke vacana aura gupta saMketoM se khaNDita mata honA / zUravIra aisA hI hotA hai, paNDita aisA hI hotA hai / bhavi. 3.18.7-10

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mahAkavi dhanapAla kI kAvyapratibhA -DaoN. yogendranAtha zarmA "maraNa" bhAratIya AryabhASAoM ke vikAsakrama meM madhyakAlIna AryabhASAmoM-prAkRta evaM apabhraMza kA jo vipula sAhitya aba uttarottara vivecita hokara hamAre samakSa prA rahA hai, usase madhyakAlIna mAryabhASA kI atyanta samRddha kathA-paraMparA bhI ubhara kara sAmane AI hai| apabhraMza sAhitya bahumukhI evaM bahuAyAmI rahA hai / prAkRta bhASA ke kathA-sAhitya se preraNA lekara apabhraMza kaviyoM dvArA race gae kathAkAvyoM kI eka sudIrgha evaM supuSTa paraMparA aAja hameM milatI hai| DaoN devendrakumAra zAstrI kA eka kathana maiM isalie yahAM uddhRta karanA cAhatA hU~, jisase spaSTa ho sake ki likhita kathAkAvya paraMparA kA AdhAra mUlata: lokAkhyAna hI rahe haiM / DaoN. devendra kA kathana hai- "yadyapi lokAkhyAna sahasroM varSoM se jana-jana kI bhASA meM pratyeka deza meM maukhikarUpa se pracalita rahe haiM, kintu unakA likhita rUpa bahuta prAcIna nahIM hai| sAhitya-lekhana kI paramparA ke pracalita ho jAne ke bahuta bAda lokAkhyAnoM kA sanniveza kAvyAtmaka rUpoM meM saMskRta aura tadanantara prAkRta-sAhitya meM kiyA gayA / "1 saMskRta-lokAkhyAnoM meM jahAM dharma pradhAna ho gayA, vahIM prAkRta bhASAoM meM racita kathA-sAhitya lokajIvana se gaharA jur3a gayA hai aura dhArmika jIvana ko bhI yahAM loka

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22 jainavidyA jIvana se samaMjita karake citrita kiyA hai / prema tathA dhArmika cintana prAkRta-apabhraMza ke kathA-kAvyoM meM samAnAntara calate haiM, isIlie apabhraMza ke kathAkAvyoM meM gahana jIvanadRSTi ke sAtha-sAtha mahattvapUrNa uccatara jIvana-mUlyoM kI abhivyakti bhI hameM milatI hai| prAkRta-bhASA ke kathA-sAhitya kI mUlyavAn kRtiyA~ Aja bhI graMthAgAroM meM jijJAsu adhyetAoM kI pratIkSA kara rahI haiM / apabhraMza meM bhI kathAkAvya kI lambI paramparA hameM milatI hai| mahAkavi dhanapAla kI "bhavisayattakahA", kavi lAkhU kI "jinadattakathA", kavi siddha sAdhAraNa kI "vilAsavaikahA", kavi raidhU kI "siripAlakahA" jaisI kRtiyA~ prakAza meM A cukI haiM jinase eka samRddha paramparA kI jhalaka sahaja hI hameM milatI hai / DaoN0 devendrakumAra ne apabhraMza kathAkAvya kI eka viziSTa pravRtti kI ora iMgita kiyA hai-"aneka choTI-choTI kathAe~ vrata-saMbaMdhI AkhyAnoM ko lekara yA dhArmika prabhAva batAne ke lie lokAkhyAnoM ko lekara racI gaI haiM / " vastutaH madhyakAlIna bhAratIya saMskRti evaM sabhyatA ke vividha rUpoM kA sajIva citraNa ina kathAoM meM huA hai / ataH ye mahattvapUrNa bana gaI haiN| apabhraMza bhASA ke viziSTa mahAkavi "dhaNavAla" arthAt dhanapAla ne apanI kathAkRti "bhavisattakahA" (bhavisayattakahA) meM "zrutapaMcamIvrata" kA mahattva nirUpita kiyA hai / aho loyaho suypNcmiivihaannu| iu jaMtaM citiya suhanihANu // 22. 10. 1. mahAkavi dhanapAla kI yaha kRti apabhraMza kAvyadhArA ke utkarSa kA utkRSTa udAharaNa kahI jA sakatI hai| "bhavisayattakahA" ke mahattva ko rekhAMkita karate hue DaoN0 pI0 DI0 guNe ne likhA thA "The importance of the discovery of this work by these two scholars lies in the fact that this is the first big Apbhramsa work made available to the world of oriental Scholars."4 nizcaya hI apabhraMza-kathAkAvya-paramparA meM mahAkavi dhanapAla kI isa kathAkRti "bhavisayattakahA" kA vizeSa sthAna hai kyoMki isameM 10 vIM zatAbdI ke bhArata kA sAmAjika, sAMskRtika, dhArmika tathA sAhityika pariveza mukhara ho uThA hai| - mahAkavi dhanapAla : vyaktitva vivecana- hamArA durbhAgya hI hai ki hama apane mahAn sAhityakAroM ke vyaktitva ke viSaya meM bahuta kama jAnate haiN| apabhraMza ke Adi mahAkavi svayaMbhUdeva se pUrva ke kavi caturmukha Adi kA paricaya hameM kyA milegA jabaki svayaMbhUdeva, puSpadanta Adi mahAkaviyoM kA hI paricaya hameM nahIM mila pAyA hai /

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jainavidyA _ _ 23. . - "bhavisayattakahA" ke kathAkAra dhanapAla ne bhI apanI isa kRti meM apane viSaya meM likhA hai dhakkaDavariNavaMsi mAesaraho samunbhaviraNa / ghaNasiridevisueNa viraiu sarasaisaMbhaviNa // 22. 9 arthAt-dhakkar3a vaNikvaMza meM mAhezvara tathA dhanazrI devI se utpanna putra arthAt dhanapAla ne sarasvatI kI kRpA se isa kRti kI racanA kI hai| "jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa" meM prakhyAta vidvAn zrI nAthUrAma premI ne tIna dhanapAla nAmaka vyaktiyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / dhakkar3a yA dharkaTa vaNika jAti ke hote haiM / premIjI ke anusAra "dhammaparikkhA" ke racayitA mahAkavi hariSeNa bhI "dhakkar3a vaMza" ke hI haiN| dhakkar3avaMzIya dhanapAla hI "bhavisayattakahA" ke racayitA haiM / zeSa do dhanapAloM meM eka brAhmaNa haiM jo muMja ke rAjakavi the aura dUsare pallivAla (pAlIvAla) haiM jo gadya-racanA "tilakamaMjarI" ke racanAkAra haiN|' . dhanapAla praNIta "bhavisayattakahA" meM kAvyatva-mahAkavi dhanapAla ko jaikobI tathA pI. DI. guNe, sI. DI. dalAla, DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI evaM nAthUrAma premI prAdi adhikAMza vidvAnoM ne 10 vIM zatI kA racanAkAra mAnA hai, jo unakI bhASA se saMpuSTa bhI hotA hai / "bhavisayattakahA" meM kavi ne paramparita kAvyarUr3hiyoM, kathA-pratIkoM evaM kavi-samayoM kA prayoga kiyA, jisase tatkAlIna pariveza mukhara ho uThA hai / dhanapAla jaina matAvalambI haiM, ataH apanI isa kAvya kRti kA prArambha ve "pAditIrthaMkara RSabhajina" kI vandanA se karate haiM jiraNasAsariNa sAtu giddha apAvakalaMkamalu / sammatavisesu. nisugahuM suyapaMcamihi phalu // paNavippiNu jiNu tailoyabaMSu vuttaratarabhavariNavUDhakhaMSu / parahaMtu aNaMtu mahaMtu saMta siu saMkatu suhumu praNAivaMtu / isa bhAvapUrNa "jinavandanA" ke sAtha hI kavi dhanapAla paramparita rUpa meM mahAkavi svayaMbhUdeva kI hI bhAMti "budhajana-prazaMsA" evaM "durjananindA" bhI karate haiM - buhayaNa saMbhAlami tumha tetthu hauM maMdabuddhi NigguNu rinnrtyu| . 1.2 jo puNu khalu khuDDu aiThTha saMgu so ki abhatthiu dei aMgu / paracchiddasaehi vAvArU jAsu guNavaMta kahimi ki kovi tAsa // 1.3

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24 jainavidyA isa prakAra kavi apanI vinamratA ke sAtha-sAtha svAbhimAna ko bhI sajIva abhivyakti detA hai| kathA kA prArambha kavi zreNikarAja ke prazna aura gautama gaNadhara ke uttara kI paramparA se karatA hai / isa kathA kA sabase bar3A AkarSaNa yaha hai ki isa "premakathA" ko kavi ne dharma ke prAvaraNa se Dhaka kara manohArI banA diyA hai / vAstavikatA yaha hai ki kavi ne kathAnAyaka ke rUpa meM kisI rAjA athavA rAjakumAra ko na lekara sAdhAraNa vaNikputra "bhaviSyadatta" ko liyA hai jisase kathA meM lokacetanA ko sahaja hI abhivyakti milI hai| isa kathA ke mAdhyama se kavi dhanapAla bahuvivAha ke duSpariNAma ko vANI detA hai aura sAtha hI usane sAdhvI tathA kuTila strI ke antara ko sarUpA evaM kamalazrI ke mAdhyama se vyakta kiyA hai / kavi sAmAjika mUlyoM ko nirantara vANI dene kA upakrama karatA hai / paramparA se prApta tyAga, udAratA, sneha, sadbhAva evaM sahAnubhUti jaise mAnavamUlyoM ko kavi dhanapAla yatra-tatra kathA ke sUtroM meM gUMtha detA hai / dhArmika evaM sadvRtti pradhAna pAtroM kA abhyudaya "bhavisayattakahA" meM sarvatra dikhAyA jAnA kavi kI mahAn dRSTi kA paricAyaka hI hai / pazcAttApa kA mahattva kavi nirUpita karatA hai vohattaNasAu mahu ihaloyavi saMbhaviu / duhadummiyadehu doviM dou parimbhamiu / 6. 20. isa prakAra "sat" ke samakSa "asat" kI parAjaya dikhAnA mahattvapUrNa hai| . kavi dhanapAla ne isa kathA ko do khaNDoM meM vibhakta kie jAne kA saMketa kRti kI antima sandhi meM diyA hai bihikhaMDahi bAvIsahi saMdhihi / paricitiyaniyaheunibaMdhihi // 22.9.8 lekina DaoN0 rAmasiMha tomara "bhavisayattakahA" kI kathA ke tIna bhAga honA mAnate haiM-"bhaviSyadatta kathA kA kathA-prasaMga kAphI lokapriya aura prAcIna pratIta hotA hai / kRti ke kathA bhAga ke tIna svatantra khaNDa lagate haiM / "8 pUrI kRti meM kavi vastutaH sat evaM asat ke bIca dvandva dikhAtA hai / kathAnAyaka bhaviSyadatta evaM pratinAyaka baMdhudatta kramazaH udAtta evaM kuTila manovRtti ke pratIka hI haiM / isa se yaha suspaSTa ho jAtA hai ki kavi dhanapAla kA mUla uddezya udAtta evaM mahattara jIvanamUlyoM kI sthApanA karanA hI hai /

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jainavidyA 25 - jahAM taka kAvya-saundarya kA prazna hai mahAkavi dhanapAla ne AlaMkArika zailI ke sthAna para sahaja kathA kahanA adhika ucita samajhA hai / DaoN0 tomara kahate bhI haiM-"svayaMbhU aura puSpadanta ke samAna alaMkRta zailI kA bhaviSyadattakathA meM prayoga nahIM miltaa| kavi dhanapAla bharata khaNDa sthita "kurujaMgala" kA citraNa karate haiM lekina upamAoM, utprekSAgoM yA rUpakoM kI jhar3I nahIM lagAte balki sahaja rUpa meM prakRti kA citraNa kara dete haiM jahiM puraiM pavaDDhiya kalayalAI dhammatthakAma sNciyphlaaii| jahi mihuNaiM mayaNaparavvasAiM avatuppatu parivaDiyara sAiM // 10 prakRti-citraNa ke saMdarbha meM hI maiM kavi dhanapAla dvArA kie gae saMdhyAkAla evaM sUryodaya ke do citra prastuta karanA cAhUMgA jinase spaSTa hai ki kavi prAlaMkArikatA ke vyAmoha meM na phaMsakara vastu-varNana taka hI sImita rahA hai thiu vIsavantu khaNa ikku jAma diNamaNi pratthavaNahu Dhukka tAma / huna saMjhateyataMbirasarAya rattaMbaru NaM paMgurivi prAya // 4.4. 3-4 parigaliya rayariNa payaDiu vihANa NaM puNavi gavesau mAu bhANu / 11 jiNu saMbharaMtu saMcaliu dhIru vaNi hiMDai romaMciyasarIru // yoM aisA nahIM hai ki kavi dhanapAla alaMkAroM kA prayoga nahIM karate lekina kathAsaMgaThana ke mUlya para alaMkAra-citraNa se ve dUra hI rahate haiM / yuddha-varNana ke prasaMga meM bhI kavi alaMkAroM ke moha meM nahIM par3atA balki rAjadUta, rAjA evaM rAnI, maMtrIgaNa tathA senApatiyoM Adi ke bIca gambhIra maMtraNA dikhAkara apane kathA-saMgaThana kI kuzalatA ko hI dikhAtA hai / isase varNana sIdhe aura sapATa hI rahe haiM / isa saMdarbha meM DaoN. devendra kumAra jaina kA yaha kathana ullekhanIya bana gayA hai"alaMkRta zailI kI apekSA dhanapAla kAvya ko manuSyahRdaya ke nikaTa rakhanA adhika pasanda karate the| thor3I sI atiraMjanA aura dhArmika aMza ko chor3akara unakI racanA loka-hRdaya ke bahuta nikaTa hai|"12 vAstavikatA yahI hai ki mahAkavi dhanapAla apanI isa kathAkRti se sat-asat kA antara samAja ke sammukha lAnA cAhate haiN| eka zreSThI kI do patniyAM-kamalazrI aura sarUpA jaba apane putroM ko zikSA detI haiM to kavi dhanapAla manovRttiyoM kA antara spaSTa kara dete haiM ko jANaiM kaNNamahAvisai aNudiNu dummimohiyii| samavisama sahAvahiM aMtaraI duTThasavattihi bohiyaI // 3.10

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jaina vidyA kamalI kI sajjanatA aura sarUpA kI durjanatA kramazaH bhaviSyadatta aura baMdhudatta ko die unake upadezoM se prakaTa ho hI jAtI hai / 26 vastutaH " bhavisayattakahA" apane Apa meM apabhraMza bhASA kI viziSTa kathAkRti siddha hotI hai jisameM uttaravartI premAkhyAna kAvya-paraMparA ke sUtra dekhe jA sakate haiM / DaoN0 nAmavarasiMha kA yaha mata isa saMdarbha meM vizeSa ullekhanIya hai - " dhArmika prasaMgoM ko alaga kara dene para pUrI kathA sundara premAkhyAna hai, jo zrAja bhI uttara bhArata ke gAMvoM meM pracalita hai / isa kRti meM prema, zrRMgAra, karuNA, yuddha, vAtsalya, strI-prakRti kA adhyayana, prakRti-varNana, deza aura nagara varNana pratyanta sarala tathA sajIva zailI meM huA hai / 13 kavi dhanapAla kI yaha kathAkRti bhASA aura chandoM ke kAraNa vizeSa mahattvapUrNa mAnI jAtI hai / mAtrika tathA vaNika chandoM kA saTIka prayoga kathA - pravAha ko gati detA hai / dhanapAla kI bhASA meM yatra-tatra zithilatA aura anekarUpatA dekha kara hI DaoN0 pI0 DI0 guNe ne ise usa kAla kI racanA mAnA hai jaba apabhraMza lokabhASA ke rUpa meM bolI jAtI thI / 14 isa kRti kA sarvAdhika mahattva hai isakI samAjacetanA ke kAraNa / bhAvoM tathA paristhitiyoM ke ghAta-pratighAta ke bIca kathAnAyaka bhaviSyadatta kA apane lakSya kI ora bar3hate jAnA kavi kI mUlya-dRSTi kI ora iMgita karatA hai| jainadharma ke anusAra kavi dhanapAla ne bhI pUrvajanmoM aura antataH nirvANa prApti kA varNana karake isa premakathA ko jainadharma kA aMga banA diyA hai / yatra-tatra jina mandira meM pUjA-arcanA ke citra bhI kavi kI jaina dRSTi ke paricAyaka haiM / mahAkavi dhanapAla ne isa kRti meM AditIrthaMkara RSabhajina kI apekSA pAThaveM tIrthaMkara candraprabha kI vandanA yatra-tatra bAra-bAra kI hai| isase yaha pratIta hotA hai ki candraprabha kI bhakti kavi dhanapAla ke samaya pramukhatA se kI jAtI rahI hogI / eka aisa sthala dekhie-- caMdappahujiNusAmi namaMsivi pAvakalaMkapaMku viddha sivi / ca vihasavaraNasaMghu prahiNaM divi appara salahivi garahivi nidivi / sovai niMda jAma thovaMtara tAmannittahi caliu kahaMtara / puNvavidehi muriMgavu jasoharu saMThiu sukkakAriNa paramesara / nANuppaNNu tAsu taM kevalu cauvihadevAgamaNa samujjalu 115 isameM do mata nahIM haiM ki mahAkavi dhanapAla kI " bhavisayattakahA " mUlataH premAkhyAna hai lekina kavi ne lokaparaMparA se prApta kathA 16 ke mAdhyama se jainadharma aura darzana ko yatratatra sajIva abhivyakti dekara isa kRti ko vyApaka AdhAra pradAna kara diyA hai, yaha bhI eka tathya hI hai /

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jaina vidyA 27 - kAvyatva kI dRSTi se "bhavisayattakahA" saphala apabhraMza kathAkAvya hai jisameM paraMparita kathArUr3hiyoM, sAmAjika mAnyatAoM, dhArmika abhiruciyoM Adi kA citraNa to huA hI hai sAtha hI sAtha kavi udAtta jIvanamUlyoM meM gaharI AsthA jagAne meM bhI saphala huaA hai / yahI merI dRSTi se mahAkavi dhanapAla kI prasiddhi kA mUla kAraNa bhI hai / DaoN0 nAmavarasiMha ke ye zabda mujhe saTIka lagate haiM --"kAvya-kalA kI dRSTi se dhanapAla kI yaha kRti svayaMbhU aura puSpadanta ke bAda kA gauravapUrNa sthAna pAtI hai / "17 apabhraMza bhASA ke isa gauravazAlI mahAkavi kI kathAkRti kA mUlyagata vivecana yadi kiyA jAe to hameM 10vIM zatI ke samAja, saMskRti, dharma, darzana, sAhitya, kalA aura arthazAstra kA vyApaka paricaya mila sakegA, yaha merA vizvAsa hai| 1. apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya ko zodha-pravRttiyAM, DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI, pRSTha-32 2. vahI, pRSTha-34 3. 'bhavisayattakahA' kI puSpikA-'dharaNavAliM teNa paMcamI paMcapayAra kiya', 22.11 ----- 4. Bhavisayattakaha of Dhanpala Ed. P. D. Gune, Introduction, Page-1 5. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, nAthUrAma premI, pRSTha-408 6. vahI, pRSTha-409 7. vahI, pRSTha-410 8. prAkRta aura apabhraMza sAhitya, DaoN. rAmasiMha tomara, pRSTha-118 9. vahI, pRSTha-120 10. bhavisayattakahA, sampAdaka-pI. DI. guNe, 1.5.4-5 11. vahI, 4.5 12. apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, DaoN. devendra kumAra jaina, pRSTha-74 13.. hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga, DaoN. nAmavara siMha, pRSTha-178 (prathama saM.) 14. apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, DaoN. devendrakumAra jaina, pRSTha-74 15. bhavisayattakahA, sampAdaka-pI. DI. guNe, 5.1.1-5 16. 'pAraMpara kavvahaM lahivibhei maI jhaMkhiu sarasaivasiNa eu', bhavisayattakahA, 14.20.17 17. hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga, DaoN. nAmavarasiMha, pRSTha-178

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bhavisa ko munirAja kA upadeza (saMsAra kI prasAratA aura nazvaratA) pattA- saMkhippai pAu diyahi dihiM kusarIra jahiM / suTTha vi suhisaMgi nivvui kijjai kAI tahiM // 12 // aho nariva saMsAri prasArai, taksaNi vitttthpnnttviyaari| pAivi maNuprajammu jaNavallahu, bahubhavakoTisahAsi dullahu // jo aNubandhu karai railampaTu, / taho paraloe puNuvi gau saMkaDu / / jai vallahavinou nau dosai, jai jovvaNu jarAe Na viraNAsaha // jaha Usaraha kayAvi na saMpaya, pimmavilAsa hoMti jai sAsaya // to millivi suvannamaNirayaNaiM, muNivara kiM caranti tvcrnniN|| artha-kyA nivRtti taba grahaNa kI jAtI hai jaba dina-dina Ayu kSINa hotI jAtI hai, acchA zarIra bhI bigar3a jAtA hai aura mitra bhI sAtha chor3a dete haiM / 12 / he narendra ! yaha saMsAra prasAra hai, tatkSaNa dekhate-dekhate vidIrNa ho jAtA hai / he janavallabha ! hajAroM koTi bhavoM meM bhI jisa manuSya janma kA pAnA durlabha hai use pAkara bhI jo viSaya-lolupI unameM phaMsA rahatA hai to usakA paraloka bhI saMkaTapUrNa ho jAtA hai / yadi vallabha kA viyoga dikhAI na par3atA, yadi yauvana va bur3hApe kA nAza na hotA, yadi sampatti kabhI bhI naSTa nahIM hotI aura yadi priya vilAsa zAzvata hote to kyA munivara svarNa evaM maNiratnoM ko pAkara bhI tapazcaraNa karate ? bhavi. 18.12.11-12. 18.13.1-7

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bhavisayattakahA kA sAhityika mahattva -DaoN0 prAditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti' bhAratIya sAhitya kI eka sudIrgha paramparA kA itihAsa apabhraMza sAhitya hai| apabhraMza vAGamaya vaividhya ke mAna se sImita hai| vidhAgata vividhatA cAhe isa sAhitya meM na ho para prAmANikatA meM yaha bejor3a hai / prAdhyAtmika jIvana kI jitanI anubhUtiyAM isa sAhitya meM haiM utanI hI loka-saMskRti kI chaviyAM bhI isameM aMkita haiN| apabhraMza ke prabandhakAvyoM ko do bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai-1. purANakAvya 2. caritakAvya / zilpa kI dRSTi se purANakAvya aura caritakAvya meM antara hai / purANakAvya meM pralaukikatA kA vistAra, avAntarakathAnoM kI bharamAra tathA paurANika rUDhiyoM kI pracuratA hotI hai jabaki caritakAvyoM meM alaukikatA kA saMkoca, vastuvinyAsa meM dhArAvAhikatA aura nizcita yojanA, dhArmikatA kI jagaha laukikatA kA puTa adhika hotA hai / avAntarakathA kA yadi niyojana hai to vaha saprayojana hai tathA mUlakathA ke uddezya kA nirvAha karane ke lie hai| caritakAvya kA mUlasvara kathA-kAvya kA hI svara hai / caritakAvya athavA kathAkAvya kI do dhArAeM haiM-1. romANTika caritakAvya 2. dhArmika caritakAvya / romANTika tathA dhArmika caritakAvyoM kA samApana lokottara mahAn uddezyoM kI siddhi yA sAdhanA meM hotA hai / tathApi romANTika caritakAvyoM meM dhArmika kAvyoM kI tulanA meM kalpanA aura mAnavI sambandhoM kI ur3Ana kucha svacchaMda hai| kathAvastu adhika

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jaina vidyA saMvedya ra sambaddha hotI hai| dhArmikatA ke sAtha kathAvastu meM sAmAjika samasyAoM kA * bhI saMsparza rahatA hai / dhArmika caritra ko lekara likhI kAvya-racanA AdhyAtmika caritakAvya kahalAtI hai / 30 1 apabhraMza ke madhyakAlIna arthAt dasavIM zatI 1 ke dhakkar3a vaizya, digambara dharma anuyAyI, zreSThakavi ghanapAla viracita ekamAtra samIkSya kathAkAvya "bhavisayattakahA "5 dhyAtmika caritakAvya hai / isa kathAkAvya meM dhArmika bojhilatA nahIM hai / isameM to laukika jIvana ke eka nahIM aneka manorama citra gumphita haiM / isakA dUsarA nAma 'suyapaMcamIkahA ' athavA 'zrutapaMcamIkathA' hai / isameM jJAnapaMcamI ( kArtika zukla 5) ke phala-varNanasvarUpa bhavisayatta kI kathA bAIsa saMdhiyoM meM hai / kathA kA mUlasvara vrata rUpa hote hue bhI jinendra- bhakti se anuprANita hai / bhavisayatta kI kathA vastutaH kavi kRti se pUrva pracalita aura lokapriya thI / kavizrI dhanapAla ne use dhArmika kAvyAnukUla parivartana kara sundara banAyA tathA vaha dhArmika vAtAvaraNa ke kAraNa jaina parivAroM meM grAhya huI aura kAvyasaundarya se jainetara samAja meM paThanIya banI / dhanapAla ne yadyapi isako 'kahA ' ( kathA ) hI kahA hai parantu yaha nizcita rUpa se mahAkAvya kI koTi ke antargata rakhA jA sakatA hai kyoMki isameM prAyaH sabhI kAvyopama guraNa dRSTigata haiM / 8 DaoN. viTaraniTja ise romAMcaka mahAkAvya svIkArate haiM / prastuta zodhAlekha meM samIkSya kathAkAvya 'bhavisayattakahA' ke sAhityika mahattva kA udghATana karanA hameM abhIpsita hai / raMga dekara va kathAvastu 'bhavisayattakahA' eka vyApArI putra bhavisayatta kI kathA hai| isako tIna bhAgoM meM bAMTA jA sakatA hai / prathama bhAga meM kAvya kA nAyaka bhavisayatta ke duSkara kAryoM, jokhimoM aura prAkasmika ghaTanAoM kA varNana hai / apane vizvAsaghAtI vimAtRja baMdhudatta dvArA eka nirjana dvIpa meM parityakta bhavisayatta eka vIrAna nagara meM pahu~catA hai aura eka devatA kI sahAyatA se eka rAjakumArI kA patA pAkara usase vivAha karake bAraha varSa sukhapUrvaka vyatIta karatA hai / eka samaya jaba vaha mAtRbhUmi ke lie lAlAyita hai saMyoga se usake mAtRja kA jahAja usI dvIpa meM Akara ThaharatA hai / vaha sapatnIka ghara lauTane ke lie prastuta hotA hai parantu punaH dhokhA khAtA hai / vimAtRja use chor3a usakI patnI ko lekara cala detA hai / maNibhadra yakSa kI sahAyatA se devayAna dvArA vaha samaya para ghara pahu~ca jAtA hai aura apanI pativratA patnI ko prApta kara letA hai / kAvya ke dUsare bhAga meM rAmAyaNa aura mahAbhArata ke DhaMga para kururAja aura takSazilA kA yuddha varNana hai jisameM bhavisayatta ke parAkrama se kururAja vijayI hotA hai tathA tIsare bhAga meM pradhAna pAtroM ke pUrvajanmoM kI kathAe~ varNita haiM / vimalabuddhi nAmaka muni ke upadezoM se bhavisayatta vairAgI hote haiM tathA anta meM tapa sAdhanA se nirvANapada prApta karate haiM / zrutapaMcamI ke mAhAtmya smaraNa ke sAtha kAvya kA samApana hotA hai /

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janavidyA 31 isa prakAra prastuta kAvya ke kathAnaka meM Adarza aura yathArtha kA apUrva sammizraNa hai| kavi ne laukika AkhyAna ke dvArA zrutapaMcamI vrata kI mahattA pradarzita kI hai| kathA meM ghaTanAoM kA vikAsa sambaddha, svAbhAvika aura saMvedanIya hai| kavizrI dhanapAla kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai ki vaha ghaTanAoM ke vinyAsa meM pAtroM ke vyaktitva ke vikAsa kA pUrA dhyAna rakhate haiM / ghaTanA bAhulya ke hote hue bhI ghaTanA vaicitrya uccakoTi kA nahIM ThaharatA hai tathApi kAvya meM kAvyAnurUpa aneka sundara sthala vidyamAna haiM unameM apratima pravAha hai aura hai adbhuta nikhAra / vastutaH 'bhavisayattakahA' padya-baddha dhArmika upanyAsa hai| manuSya kI bhavitavyatA kI pratIka kathA hai| caritra-citraNa samIkSyakAvya meM pramukharUpa se sAdhu aura asAdhu svabhAvavAle do prakAra ke vyaktiyoM kA varNana parilakSita hai / bhaviSyadatta aura baMdhudatta, kamalazrI aura svarUpA do virodhI pravRtti ke puruSa aura strI haiM / svarUpA meM sapatnI-sulabha IrSyA ke sAtha strI-sulabha dayA kA kavi dvArA saphala citrAMkana huA hai / kAvyakRti meM dhanavaI, kamalazrI aura svarUpA ke caritra pramukhatA liye haiM to nAyaka bhavisayatta ke caritra vikAsa meM kavi-kauzala draSTavya hai / bhavisayatta tilakadvIpa meM akelA vyAkula bhaTakatA hai tatsamaya kI usakI manodazA kA citra sajIva aura prabhAvaka hai| yathA gayaM NipphalaM tAma savvaM variNajja huvaM pramha gottammi ljjaavrinnjj| raNa jattA Na vittaM raNa mittaM raNa gehaM Na dhammaM raNa kammaM raNa jIyaM Na vehN|| raNa puttaM kalattaM raNa iLe pi viTTha gayaM gayaure dUradese pittheN| khayaM jAi nUNaM mahammeNa dhammaM viNadveNa dhammeNa savvaM prakammaM // 3.26 . isa prakAra yaha pahalA caritakAvya hai jisameM pAtroM ke vyaktitva kA kucha svataMtra astitva hai / apamAnita kamalazrI taba taka sthAyI rUpa se dhanavaI ke ghara nahIM jAtI jaba taka vaha mugrAphI nahIM mAMga letaa| isI prakAra bhaviSyadatta aMgIkAra karane se pUrva patnI kI parIkSA letA hai to dUsare vivAha se pUrva vaha apane bhAvI pati se AzvAsana lenA nahIM cUkatI / caritracitraNa meM manovaijJAnikatA kA sanniveza isa kAvya kI vizeSatA hai / vastuvarNana apabhraMza prabandhakAvyoM kI kathA ke madhya aise sthala hote haiM jinakA sambandha itivRtta se na hokara hRdaya kI rAgAtmaka vRtti se adhika hotA hai| yahI sthala vastuvarNana hai| prAcArya rAmacandra zukla ke anusAra ye vastuvarNana do rUpoM meM upalabdha haiN|11. kavi dvArA vastu vyaMjanA ke rUpa meM 2. pAtra dvArA bhAva vyaMjanA ke rUpa meN| mahAkAvya ke lie vastuvarNana kA jo vidhAna hai usake bhI do bheda ho sakate haiM12-1. prAkRtika

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32 . jainavidyA vastuvarNana (saMdhyA, sUrya prAdi kA varNana) 2. sAmAjika varNana (vivAha, yuddha, yAtrA kA varNana) / rAjazekhara ne isakA vistRta rUpa se vivecana kiyA hai / 13 ___ prastuta kathAkAvya meM paramparAmukta vastuparigaNana zailI ke sAtha hI loka-pracalita zailI meM bhI jana-jIvana kA svAbhAvika citraNa huA hai| kavi ne jina vastuoM kA varNana kiyA hai unameM usakA hRdaya sAtha detA hai| ataeva ye varNana sarasa aura sundara haiM / dezoM aura nagaroM kA varNana karatA huA kavi unake kRtrima AvaraNoM se hI prAkRSTa na hokara unake svAbhAvika, prAkRta alaMkaraNoM se bhI mugdha hotA hai| kurujAMgala deza kI samRddhi ke sAtha-sAtha kavi vahAM ke kamalaprabhA se tAmravaNaM evaM kAraMDa-haMsa-vakAdi cumbita sarovaroM ko aura ikSurasa pAna karanevAloM ko bhI vismaraNa nahIM karatA 1.5.8-10 jahiM saraI kamalapahataMbirAiM kAraMvhaMsavayacuMbirAI / ... "puDuccharasaiM lIlaI piyaMti // gajapura kA varNana karatA huA kavi usake sauMdarya se AkRSTa hokara kahatA hai tahiM gayauru gAuM paTTaNa, jagajariNayacchariu / gaM gayaNu muevi saggakhaMDa mahi avayariu // 1.5 kavi ne thor3e se zabdoM meM gajapura kI samRddhi aura sundaratA ko abhivyakta kara diyA hai / kavi ke ina vicAroM meM "vAlmIki rAmAyaNa" ke laMkAvarNana evaM kAlidAsa ke "meghadUta" meM ujjayinIvarNana kA AbhAsa spaSTarUpa se dikhAI detA hai / svayaMbhU ke "harivaMzapurANa" meM virATanagara ke aura puSpadaMta ke "mahApurANa" meM poyaNanagara ke varNana meM bhI yahI kalpanA kI gaI hai|14 "bhavisayattakahA" meM dhanapati evaM kamalazrI ke vivAhotsava para bhavana kI sajAvaTa, toraNabaMdhana, raMgolI, cauka, vividha miSTAnna, prAbhUSaNa prAdi kI suvyavasthAeM kara prItibhoja kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| prItibhojoparAMta maMgalamaMtroM evaM ghI kI Ahuti ke sAtha varamAlA DAlakara vivAha kI aMtima prakriyA sampanna kI jAtI thii|15 zAsana kA kArya yadyapi rAjA hI karatA thA kintu kabhI-kabhI use janatA kI bhAvanA kA bhI dhyAna rakhanA par3atA thaa| tA thaa| rAjA bhUpAla jaba baMdhudatta evaM usake pitA dhanapati ko kArAgAra meM DAla detA hai taba dUta use pAkara samAcAra detA hai- "ghara-ghara meM kArya baMda ho gayA hai, nara-nArI rudana kara rahe haiM, bAjAra meM lena-dena Thappa hai tathA ApakI mudrA kA pracalana bhI baMda hai / " isa paristhitivaza aMta me rAjA ko unheM chor3a denA par3atA hai|16 isa prakAra yaha kathAkRti nagara, samudra, dvIpa, vivAha, yuddhayAtrA, rAjadvAra, Rtu, zakuna, rUpa Adi vastuvarNanoM kI dRSTi se atyanta samRddha hai / /

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jaina vidyA rasa-yojanA kavizrI dhanapAla dvArA "bhavisayattakahA " meM zrRMgAra, vIra, aura zAMta rasa kA mukhyarUpa se samAyojana huA hai / kamalazrI ke sauMdaryavarNana ke sAtha-sAtha kavi ne usakI dhArmika bhAvanA kI ora bhI saMketa kiyA hai| usake anupama saundarya aura saubhAgya ko lakhakara kAmadeva bhI kho jAtA hai| 18 nakha - zikha varNana prAcIna paramparA ke anukUla hI hai 118 prastuta kAvyakRti meM premapUrvaka vivAha hai para sambhoga kA khulA citraNa bhI hai, sumitrA ke caMcala sauMdarya ko citrita karate hue kavi kahatA hai- mAno vaha lAvaNya jala meM tira rahI thii| 20 vipralambha kI vyaMjanA meM yaha mahattvapUrNa bAta dikhAI detI hai ki viyoginI striyA~ prAMsU hI nahIM bahAtIM zrapitu kaThoratA se apane kartavya kA pAlana bhI karatI haiM / kamalazrI isakA udAharaNa hai / yuddhavarNana meM vIra rasa ke abhidarzana hote haiM / yathA to harikharakhuragga saMghaTiM chAiu raNujhatoraNe / gaM bhaDamaccharaggisaMdhukkaraNa ghUma tamaMdhayAraNe // 33 14.1 4.1-2 kathA kA paryavasAna zAMta rasa meM huA hai / saMsAra kI prasAratA darzAte hue kavizrI dhanapAla kahate haiM-- ho nArada saMsAri prasArai takkha riga viTThaparaNaTThaviyAraha / pAivi maNugrajammu jaragavallahu bahubhavakoDisahAsi tullahu // jo prabaMdhu karaI rahalaMDa taho paraloai puNuvi gau saMkachu / jar3a vallahaviprou nau dIsaha jai jovvaNu jarAe na viraNAsaha // disAmaMDalaM jattha gAuM alakkha, pahAyaM pi jANijjae jammi dukkhaM / 18. 13. 1. prakRticitraraNa kAvya meM aneka sundara prakRtivarNana haiM / dvIpa dvIpAMtara meM vicaraNa ke kAraNa kavizrI dhanapAla ko prakRti ke sAhacarya kI bar3I AvazyakatA huI aura unhoMne usakA varNana bakhUbI kiyA hai / vana gahanatA kA eka citra draSTavya hai-- 4. 3. 2. arthAt vana itanA gahana thA ki jahA~ prabhAta kA bhI kaThinAI se patA calatA thaa| isI prakAra ke anya prakRtivarNana jaise zraraNya kA varNana, 21 gahanavana kA varNana, 22 tilakadvIpa ke vana kA svAbhAvika citraNa evaM sandhyA kA varNana 24 darzanIya hai / prakRtivarNana meM basanta rAjA ThATa se praveza karate haiN| ghara-ghara meM basaMtotsava kI dhUma macI hai / yathA--

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34 jaina vidyA ghari ghari maMgalaI paghosiyAiM ghari ghari mihaNaiM primosiyaaii| ghari ghari caccari koUhalAI ghari ghari aNdolysohlaaii| ghari ghari kaya vatthAharaNasoha ghari ghari mAiTa mhaajsoh| 8.9 isa prakAra prakRtivarNana meM mAnavIya rUpoM tathA bhAvoM kI sundara abhivyaMjanA huI hai| bhASA-sauSThava kavizrI dhanapAla kI bhASA kasAvaTa tathA saMskRta zabdoM ke prati jhukAva hone ke kAraNa sAhityika apabhraMza hai tathA usameM lokabhASA kA pUrA puTa hai ataeva eka ora jahAM sAhityika varNana tathA ziSTa prayoga haiM dUsarI mora vahA~ loka-jIvana kI sAmAnya bAtoM kA vivaraNa gharelU vAtAvaraNa meM variNata hai / zabdoM meM 'ya' zruti aura 'va' zruti kA prayoga pracura hai jaise kalakala kalayala, dUtava / vizeSaNa-vizeSya ke samAna vacana ke niyama kA vyatyAsa bhI pramhahaM etthu basanta ho (3. 11. 7) meM dikhAI detA hai / 25 kavizrI ke dvArA bhASA ko bala dene ke lie lokoktiyoM aura muhAvaroM kA tathA aneka sUktiyoM aura subhASitoM kA prayoga ullekhanIya hai| katipaya sUktiyA~ prastuta haiM 1. ki ghiu hoi virolie pAriNae / 2.7.8 2. jaMtaho mUlu vi jAi lAhu citaMtaho / 3.11.5 3. kaluNai sumIsa karayala malaMti vihuNaMti sIsa / 3.25.3 4. aNaicchiyaiM hoMti jima dukkhaI, sahasA pariNati tiha sokkhaI / 3.17.6 5. jovvaraNaviyArarasavasapasari so sUrau to paMDiyau / / calamammaNavayaNullAvaehiM jo paritiyahiM Na khaMDiyau / / 3.18.9 6. paraho sarIri pAu jo bhAvai taM tAsai valevi saMtAvai / 6.10.3 7. jahA jeNa dattaM tahA teNa pattaM imaM succae siTThaloeNa vuttaM / - supAyannavA koddavA jatta mAlI kahaM so naro pAvae tattha saalii| 12.3.24-25 prastuta kAvya meM bahuta se zabda isa prakAra ke prayukta hue haiM jo prAcIna hindI kavitA meM yatra-tatra dikhAI de jAte haiM aura kucha to vartamAna hindI meM saralatA se khapa sakate haiM 26 cAhai, cuNaMti-cunanA, iMdiya khaMcahu, cchaDa rasa rasoI (pR. 47), sAli dAli sAlaNaya piyArau-cAvala, dAla aura sabjI (pR. 47), pacchila pahari (pR. 59), tahu prAgamo cAhaho-use pAnA cAhiye (pR. 59), rANI, tajjai-tajanA, caDiu vimANu

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janavidyA 35 (pR. 63), turaMtau (pR. 64), jaM bittau-jo bItA (pR. 65), pappaDA-pApaDa (pR. 84), vihANi-vihAna-prAtaHkAla (pR. 92) / isa prakAra "bhavisayattakahA" bhASAnurAgiyoM kI dRSTi se mahanIya hai| saMvAda-yojanA isa kathA kAvyakRti meM prabaMdhakAvya ke upayukta saMvAda yojanA huI hai| saMvAdoM kI pracuratA hai| inameM nATakIyatA, abhineyatA, vAkpaTutA, kasAvaTa, madhuratA tathA hAva-bhAvoM kA pradarzana evaM yathAsthAna vyaMgya kA samAveza huA hai| saMvAda kathAnaka ko gatimAna karane ke sAtha hI vAtAvaraNa tathA dRzya ko bhI netroM ke samakSa rUpAyita kara dete haiN| ina saMvAdoM kI kasAvaTa, sarasatA tathA madhuratA apanI vizeSatA rakhatI hai| bhaviSyadatta kI mAtA ke vAtsalyapUrNa udgAroM ke prati prastuta kathana dekhiye bhavisayattu vihaseviNa jaMpai tumhahaM bhIrattarimaNa samappai / paiyAri vAmohu Na kijjai samavayajaNi poDhattaNa hijjai // 3.12.1-2 kAvya-rUr3hiyAM kavizrI dhanapAla kI yaha kAvya saMracanA kathAnaka-rUr3hiyoM aura kAvya-rUr3hiyoM se bhI samRddha hai| prastuta kAvya meM nimna sAta kAvya-rUr3hiyAM prayukta huI haiM / yathA1. maMgalAcaraNa, 2. vinaya pradarzana, 3. kAvya racanA kA prayojana, 4. sajjana-durjana varNana, 5. vaMdanA (pratyeka saMdhi ke prArambha meM stuti yA vaMdanA), 6. zrotA-vaktA zailI, 7. anta meM prAtmaparicaya / ukta sabhI rUr3hiyAM 'saMdezarAsaka', 'padmAvata' aura 'rAmacaritamAnasa' Adi granthoM meM katipaya parivartana ke sAtha vyavahRta huI haiN| pralaMkAra-yojanA alaMkAroM kA sahaja prayoga kavi-kRti meM huA hai / upamA, pariNAma, sandeha, rUpaka bhrAMtimAna, ullekha, smaraNa, apahnava, utprekSA, tulyayogitA, dIpaka, dRSTAnta, prativastUpamA, vyatireka, nidarzanA aura sahokti Adi alaMkAra kavi-kAvya meM prayukta hue haiM / 27 upamA meM mUrta aura amUrta donoM rUpoM meM upamAna kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai vikkhai riNaggayAu gayasAlau NaM kulatiyau virnnaasiysiilu| pikkhai turayavalatthapaesaiM pattharaNabhaMgAi va vigayAsaiM // 4.10.4 nArI-saundarya kA varNana karatA huA kavi kahatA haigaM vammahabhalli vidhaNasIlajuvANajaNi / 5.8.9

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36 jainavidyA isa upamA se spaSTa hai ki vaha sundarI atyanta prAkarSaNazIla thii| upamA kA prayoga kavi dhanapAla ne saMskRta meM bANa ke DhaMga para bhI kiyA hai / 28 aise sthaloM meM zabdagata sAmya ke atirikta anya koI sAmya do vastuoM meM nahIM dikhAI detA hai yathA diDha baMdhaI jiha mallaragaNAi pillohaI jiha muNivara maNAi / NimbhiNNaI jiha sajjaNahiyAI prakriyatthaI jiha dujjnnkiyaaii|| 3.23.1 upamA ke kaI rUpa dRSTigocara hote haiM / mUrta aura amUrta bhAva meM sAmya darzanIya hai yathA teraNa vi ThThi kumAru prakAyara, vaDavANaliNa nAiM rayaNAyara / 15.18 virodhAbhAsa alaMkAra kI abhivyakti nimnalikhita sthala meM dRSTigata hai prasirivasirivatta sajalavaraMga varaMgaNavi / mudghavi saviyAra raMjaNasoha, niraMjaNavi // 11.6.12 nidarzanA alaMkAra kA nidarzana bhI prastuta hai-- jaM suhu asaNehaM raccaMtae jaM suhu aMdhArai naccaMtae / jaM suhu siviNaMtara picchaMtae taM suhu etya nayari acchaMtai // 6.15.3-4 kavizrI kI urvara evaM anubhUtimayI kalpanA kA paricaya alaMkArayojanA meM parilakSita hai| kavizrI dhanapAla ko upamA alaMkAra vizeSa priya hai| chanda-yojanA vivecya kathAkAvya meM varNavRtta aura mAtrika chanda donoM kA prayoga huA hai parantu adhikatA mAtrika chandoM kI hai| varNavRttoM meM bhujaMgapriyA, maMdAra, cAmara tathA lakSmIdhara prAdi vizeSa ullekhanIya haiN| mAtrika chandoM meM pajjhaTikA, aDilla, duvai, kAvya, pilevaMgama, siMhAvalokana, kalahaMsa tathA gAthA mukhya haiM / 29 isake atirikta kAvya meM ullAla, abhisArikA, manmathatilakA, kusumanirataMra, vibhramavilAsita, vadana, navapuSpaMdhaya, kinnara, mithunavilAsa, markaTI, pattA, zaMkhanArI, maraiTThI chandoM ke bhI abhidarzana hote haiM / 30 . vastutaH apabhraMza ke prabaMdhakAvyoM kI 'kaDavakabaMdha' zailI kavi-kAvya meM prayukta hai / vicAra-darzana kavizrI dhanapAla kI kRti 'bhavisayattakahA' jinasiddhAntoM se anuprANita hai| janma-janmAMtara aura karmasiddhAnta para kavi ko pUrA vizvAsa hai / 31 zakunoM meM bhI

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jaina vidyA 37-- vyakti AsthAvAna haiN| premI ke dUradezastha hone para kaue ko ur3Akara usake vRtta vidita hone kA bhAva ullikhita hai / 32 kathA meM bahu-vivAha ke prati anAsthA udghATita huI hai / poyaNapura ke rAjA kA caritra tatsamaya ke sAmaMtoM ke vicAra-pravAha kA pratIka hai| isa prakAra lokapakSa kA sabala jIvana-darzana abhivyaMjita hai| uparyaMkita vivecanoparAnta hama kaha sakate haiM ki apane yuga kI sAmAjika saMskRti kA utkRSTa citrAMkana karanevAle isa kAvya kI bhASA mahattvapUrNa hai| kavi kA vastuvarNana prazaMsya hai, caritra-citraNa kA nirvAha kuzalatApUrvaka huA hai| bhAvAbhivyaMjanA aura alaMkAroM dvArA alaMkRta samIkSita kAvya kavizrI kI uccapratibhA, anubhava aura adhyayana kA paricAyaka hai| ataeva vastuvinyAsa, caritra-citraNa aura vastuvAdIkoNa ke kAraNa 'bhavisayattakahA' eka mahattvapUrNa dhArmika lokacarita kAvya hai / .. vastutaH kavizrI dhanapAla AkhyAna-sAhitya ke praNayana meM nirupameya haiM / kavi ne isa kAvya ko likhakara paramparAgata khyAtavRtta nAyaka paddhati ko tor3akara apabhraMza meM laukika nAyaka kI paramparA kA pravartana kiyA hai / kavizrI svayaM apanI kRti ko 'caritra-kIrtana' kI saMjJA se abhihita karate haiM 133 prathama zreNI ke apabhraMza kaviyoM meM kavizrI dhanapAla kA sthAna mahanIya hai tathA apabhraMza kAvyoM meM 'bhavisayattakahA' kI khyAti prasaMdigdha hai| 1. (1) hindI jaina sAhitya parizIlana, bhAga 2, zrI nemIcandra jaina jyotiSAcArya, pRSTha 208 (2) di paumacariu eNDa di bhavisayattakahA, pro. bhAyANI, bhAratIya vidyA (aMgrejI), bhAga 8, aMka 1-2, san 1947, pRSTha 48-50 . (3) AdikAlIna hindI sAhitya zodha, DaoN. harIza, pRSTha 5 2. . (1) dhakkaDa vaNivaMse mAesara ho samunbhavaNi / (bhavisayattakahA 22.9) (2) jaina zodha aura samIkSA, DaoN. premasAgara, pRSTha 87 (3) apabhraMza kAvya paramparA aura vidyApati, DaoN0 ambAdatta paMta, pRSTha 220 (4) prAcIna jaina lekha saMgraha, sampA0 muni jinavijayajI, pRSTha 86, 95, 122 3. (1) bhavisayattakahA-16.8, 20.9 (2) jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, nAthUrAma premI, pRSTha 467 4. (1) dhanapAla ne svayaM ko sarasvatI kA putra kahA hai "sarasai bahuladdha lahAvareNa"-bhavisayattakahA 1.4 (2) apabhraMza kAvyadhArA, DaoN. devendrakumAra jaina, pRSTha 12 5. (1) apabhraMza kathAkAvyoM kI bhAratIya saMskRti ko dena, DaoN. kastUracanda kAsalIvAla, agaracanda nAhaTA abhinandana graMtha, pRSTha 155

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38 jaina vidyA (2) apabhraMza praveza, vipina bihArI trivedI, pRSTha 33 (3) apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya kI zodha pravRttiyAM, DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI, pRSTha 34 (4) AryabhASAnoM ke vikAsa krama meM apabhraMza tathA anya nibandha, DaoN0 saranAmasiMha zarmA 'aruNa', pRSTha 17 hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga, DaoN. nAmavarasiMha, pRSTha 212 7. (1) jaina sAhitya kI hindI sAhitya ko dena, zrI rAmasiMha tomara, premI abhinandana grantha, pRSTha 466 (2) jaina sAhitya, zrI hajArI prasAda dvivedI, premI abhinandana grantha, pRSTha 453 8. (1) hindI mahAkAvya kA svarUpa tathA vikAsa, DaoN0 zambhUnAthasiMha, pRSTha 186 ___(2) apabhraMza kAvya paramparA aura vidyApati, DaoN0 ambAdatta paMta, pRSTha 155 9. hisTrI Apha iNDiyana liTarecara, bhAga 3, DaoN0 viMTaraniTja, pRSTha 533 10. apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, DaoN. devendrakumAra jaina, pRSTha 180 11. padmAvata, pRSTha 78 12. sAhitya darpaNa, adhyAya 6.322-324 13. kAvyamImAMsA, adhyAya 8 14.- apabhraMza sAhitya, pro0 harivaMza kochaDa, pRSTha 28 15. bhavisayattakahA-18.10 16. bhavisayattakahA, pRSTha 70, apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, pRSTha 276 17. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA, bhAga 4, DaoN0 nemIcandra zAstrI, jyotiSAcArya, pra0-akhila bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvat pariSada, sAgara, 1974 I0, pRSTha 114 18. bhavisayattakahA, pRSTha 5 19. bhavisayattakahA, pRSTha 32-33 20. bhavisayattakahA-15.1.7, 21. bhavisayattakahA-3.24.5 22. bhavisayattakahA-4.3.1 23. bhavisayattakahA, pRSTha 22 24. bhavisayattakahA-4.4.3 25. apabhraMza sAhitya, pro0 harivaMza kochaDa, pRSTha 100

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jainavidyA apabhraMza sAhitya, vahI, pRSTha 102 27. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI zrAcArya paramparA, bhAga 4, pRSTha 116 28. apabhraMza sAhitya, pro0 kochar3a, pRSTha 100 (1) bhavisayattakahA kI bhUmikA dekhie vizeSa vivaraNa ke lie / ( 2 ) apabhraMza kAvya paramparA aura vidyApati, DaoN0 ambAdatta paMta, pRSTha 228 (3) apabhraMza sAhitya, pRSTha 102 26. 29. 30. 31. bhavisayattakahA-- 3.12.12 32. 33. ( 1 ) tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA, DaoN0 nemIcandra zAstrI, jyotiSAcArya, pRSTha 116 ( 2 ) apabhraMza praveza, vipina bihArI trivedI, pRSTha 33 39 bhavisayattakahA, pRSTha 39 apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, DaoN0 devendrakumAra jaina, pRSTha 74

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durjana : mahAkavi dhanapAla kI dRSTi meM parachiddasaehi vAvAra jAsu, guNavaMtu kahimi ki kovi tAsu / avasadda gavesai varakaIhi, dosahaM ambhAsaI mahasaIhi / ekkovi rayaNabhaMjaNasamatyu, ekkovi karai vatyuvi pravatthu / aNuviNa vAsai.buvvAsavAsu, appaNauMNa koivi kahimi tAsu / eu sakkai dekhivi paraho rikhi, eu sahai saurisahaM guNapasiddhi / / jagaDaMtu bhamaI sajjanahaM vindu, vivarIu giraMkusu jiha gaiMdu / artha-parachidrAnveSaNa jisakA vyApAra hai, jo zreSTha kAvya meM bhI apazabda DhUMDhatA hai . aura mahAsatiyoM ke bhI doSa lagAne kI jisakI Adata hai, kyA koI bhI kahIM bhI usake / lie guNavAn ho sakatA hai ? aisA eka bhI vyakti rAtribhaMga (nidrAmaMga) karane meM samartha hotA hai, vaha vastu ko bhI avastu kara detA hai / vaha rAta-dina durvyasanoM meM lagA rahatA hai, koI bhI, kabhI bhI usakA apanA nahIM hotA / vaha dUsaroM kI samRddhi aura satpuruSoM ke guNoM kI prasiddhi sahana nahIM karatA, vaha sajjanavRndoM ke sAtha hAthI kI taraha niraMkuza hokara jhagar3atA rahatA hai| bhavi. 1.3.5-10

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bhaviSyadattakathA-viSayaka sAhitya eka anuzIlana - DaoN. kapUracanda jaina bhAratIya sAhitya kA bahubhAga prAya: kathAtmaka hai yadyapi campU, kathA, prAkhyAnikA Adi aneka mAdhyama apanAye gaye haiM / ra jahA~ tatkAlIna loka-saMskRti kI jhalaka milatI hai vahIM pracalita janabhASA kA prayoga bhI dikhAI detA hai / usake lie gadya, padya, kathAtmaka sAhitya meM eka dUsarI ora tatkAlIna jaina sAhitya isase achUtA nahIM hai| jainAcAryoM ne jaina siddhAntoM ko sarala, sugama ra manovaijJAnika vidhi se samajhAne ke lie prAya: kathAtmaka sAhitya kA sahArA liyA hai / aise sAhitya kA pAribhASika nAma prathamAnuyoga' hai / isa hetu unhoMne preraNAprada aura prAMjala naitika kathAoM kA sRjana kiyA hai ataH kathA-sAhitya ke mAdhyama se upadeza kI jo dhArA pravAhita hotI hai usakA prabhAva sthAyI hotA hai aura vyakti tadanukUla AcaraNa karane ke lie vyagra ho uThatA hai / jaina zrAgamika aura laukika sAhitya meM prArAdhya hone se tresaTha zalAkA puruSoM kA carita vistAra tathA bahutAyata se to variNata hai hI, sAtha hI anya mahApuruSoM ke carita bhI kama nahIM likhe gaye haiM / parvoM aura vratoM kA jIvana meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna hone se unakI zrAvazyakatA, prayoga, upayogitA aura mahattva ko udbhASita karatA huA pracura kathA - sAhitya likhA gayA hai /

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janavidyA aise hI vratoM meM "zrutapaMcamI", "jJAnapaMcamI" yA "saubhAgyapaMcamI" vrata mahattvapUrNa hai / vibhinna kathA-koSoM meM isa vrata-viSayaka aneka kathAyeM dI gaI haiM jisameM bhaviSyadatta-kathA sabase mahattvapUrNa aura bahu-pracalita hai| isa kathA ko lekara saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza meM bhI aneka svataMtra kAvya likhe gaye haiM jinakA vivecana prastuta zodha-nibaMdha kA viSaya hai / nAma, sthAnAdi kucha parivartanoM ke sAtha kathA kA jo svarUpa bhinna-bhinna sAhitya meM milatA hai vaha isa prakAra hai kurujAMgala dezIya hastinApura (gajapura) nagara meM bhUpAla (bhuvAlu) rAjA rAjya karatA thA / nagaraseTha dhanapAla (dhanapati) kA seTha dhanezvara kI rUpavatI kanyA "kamalazrI" se vivAha huaa| kucha kAla bAda unake bhaviSyadatta nAma kA putra huaa| dhanapati ne sarUpA nAma kI eka dUsarI kanyA para Asakta hokara usase vivAha kara liyA jisase baMdhudatta nAma kA putra huaa| phalataH kamalazrI upekSita hokara apane pitA ke pAsa calI gii| baMdhudatta pAMca sau vyApAriyoM ke sAtha vyApArArtha niklaa| mAM kI prAjJA se bhaviSyadatta bhI sAtha ho liyaa| baMdhudatta kI mAM ne bhaviSyadatta ko rAste meM mArane kI salAha dii| phalataH madanAga, mainAru yA madanadvIpa para bhaviSyadatta ko akelA chor3akara baMdhudatta Age bar3ha gyaa| ... - bhaviSyadatta bhaTakatA huA eka ujar3e kintu samRddha nagara meM phuNcaa| vahA~ eka asura jo bhaviSyadatta kA pUrvajanma kA mitra thA aura jisane nagarI ko ujAr3A thA, bhaviSyadatta kA vivAha bhaviSyAnurUpA yA tilakA-sundarI nAma kI eka divya sundarI se karA detA hai| candraprabha jinAlaya meM bhaviSyadatta candraprabha jina kI pUjA karatA hai| . idhara putra ke lauTane meM vilamba hone se cintita kamalazrI putra-kalyANArtha suvratA ArthikA se zrutapaMcamI vrata lekara usakA pAlana karatI hai, usI vrata ke prabhAva ko batAne ke lie yaha kathA likhI gaI hai| pracura sampatti aura patnI ke sAtha bhaviSyadatta ghara lauTatA hai| baMdhudatta bhI sabhI vyApAroM meM asaphala hokara vipannAvasthA meM lauTatA hai| rAste meM donoM kI bheMTa hotI hai, bhaviSyadatta baMdhudatta kI sahAyatA karatA hai aura prasthAna-pUjA karane nagara meM jAtA hai (kucha ke anusAra bhaviSyAnurUpA apanI aMgUThI seja para chor3a AI thI jise lene bhaviSyadatta nagara kI ora jAtA hai), tabhI chala se baMdhudatta jahAja calavAkara cala par3atA hai| rAste ke Aye tUphAna ko pArakara kisI prakAra hastinApura pahuMca jAtA hai aura bhaviSyAnurUpA ko apanI bhAvI patnI batAkara vivAha-tithi kI ghoSaNA kara detA hai /

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jaina vidyA 43 __bhaviSyadatta bhI pUrva asura kI sahAyatA se hastinApura pahuMcatA hai aura mAmA ke sAtha bhUpAla rAjA se baMdhudatta kI zikAyata karatA hai| rAjA bhaviSyadatta ko bhaviSyAnurUpA ko lauTAne tathA usake sAtha apanI putrI satArA yA sumitrA ke vivAha kI ghoSaNA karatA hai aura isake sAtha hI AdhA rAjya bhI bhaviSyadatta ko detA hai| nirmalabuddhi muni se pUrvabhava sunakara dIkSA le, tapa kara bhaviSyadatta sAtaveM svarga meM deva hotA hai| vrata ke prabhAva se dhanapati kamalazrI se kSamA mAMgatA hai| kamalazrI yathAyogya tapa kara svargAdi prApta karatI hai| kucha kathAoM meM itanI kathA aura hai-jaba bhUpAla rAjA baMdhudatta ko deza nikAlA detA hai taba vaha podanapura ke rAjA yugarAja ke darabAra meM pahu~ca kara bhaviSyAnurUpA tathA satArA kA saundarya varNana kara unheM prApta karane ke lie yugarAja ko bhar3akAtA hai / yugarAja yuddhArtha nikala par3atA hai / bhaviSyadatta kI vIratA aura kauzala se bhUpAla kI vijaya hotI hai| bhaviSyAnurUpA ke dohada kI icchA se sabhI mainAka parvata para jAkara vApisa Ate haiN| samAdhigupta munirAja se pUrvabhava sunakara bhaviSyadatta dIkSA le tapa kara nirvANa prApta karatA hai| anya bhI yathAyogya svargAdi prApta karate haiN| zrutapaMcamI vrata ke mAhAtmya tathA antima maMgala ke sAtha kathA samApta ho jAtI hai / isa kathA ko prAdhAra banAkara likhe gaye graMthoM kA vivecana nimnavat hainAgapaMcamIkahA isake 'paMcamIkahA' aura 'bhaviSyadattAkhyAna' ye do nAma aura milate haiN| isake racayitA mahezvara sUri ke sambandha meM nimna prazasti upalabdha hai vopakkhujjoMyakaro dosAsaMgeNa vajjiyo prabhayo / sirisajjaNa ujjhAmo aumvacaMduvva prakkhattho // sIseraNa tassa kahiyA dasa vikahANA ime u paMcamie / sUrimahesaraeNaM bhaviyAraNa bohaNaThAe // ukta prazasti ke anusAra kartA mahezvarasUri sajjana upAdhyAya ke ziSya the| isakI purAnI tADapatrIya prati vi. saM. 1109 kI upalabdha hai ataH mahezvarasUri kA samaya adhika se adhika IsA kI gyArahavIM zatAbdI mAnA jAnA cAhie / DaoN. nemicandra zAstrI, DaoN. gulAbacaMda caudharI DaoN. jagadIzacandra jaina Adi vidvAnoM ne mahezvara kA yahI kAla svIkAra kiyA hai| mahezvarasUri saMskRta aura prAkRta ke apratima vidvAn the| unakA kathana hai ki alpabuddhi loga saMskRta kavitA nahIM samajhate ataH prAkRta kAvya kI racanA kara rahA huuN|

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jaina vidyA sAre grantha kI bhASA ardhamAgadhI hai aura usameM kahIM-kahIM apabhraMza kA prabhAva hai / 7 isameM zrutapaMcamI kA mAhAtmya batAne vAlI jayase kahA, nandakahA, bhaddA kahA, vIrakahA, kamalAkahA, guraNANurAgakahA, dharaNakahA, devIkahA, vimalakahA aura bhavisayattakahA ye dasa kathAyeM haiM / yaha vrata kArtika zuklA paMcamI ko hotA hai| isa dina zAstroM ke pUjana, arcana, sammArjana, lekhana Adi kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai / 44 mahendrasUri likhita bhaviSyadattakathA tathA bhaviSyadattAkhyAna nAmaka do kathAnoM kA ullekha jinaratna koSa meM kiyA gayA hai para DaoN. caudharI kA kathana hai ki mahezvarasUri ko hI bhUla se mahendrasUri likhA gayA hai / ucita bhI yahI pratIta hotA hai / ukta kathAoM meM antima kathA ko lekara apabhraMza aura saMskRta meM paryApta kAma huA hai| lagabhaga sabhI prAlocaka yaha svIkAra karate haiM ki isI kathA ko mUlAdhAra banAkara dhanapAla ne 'bhavisayatta kahA' kAvya likhA / bhavisayattakahA isa kAvya ke lekhaka dhanapAla haiN| dhanapAla nAma ke cAra kaviyoM kA ullekha jaina sAhitya meM dekhane ko milatA hai| prathama dhanapAla ukta kAvya ke lekhaka haiM ( Age inake sambandha meM vistRta vicAra kiyA jAyagA ) / dUsare dhanapAla pharrukhAbAda jile ke sAMkAzya meM janma lenevAle kAzyapagotrI brAhmaNa devarSi ke pautra aura sarvadeva ke putra the / saMskRta aura prAkRta donoM para hI inakA asAdhAraNa adhikAra thA / inhoMne "tilakamaMjarI" aura "pAilacchInAmamAlA" nAmaka graMthoM kI racanA kI hai| tilakamaMjarI na kevala jaina yA saMskRta sAhitya zrapitu vizva sAhitya kI bejor3a kathA racanA hai / inakA samaya vikrama kI . gyArahavIM zatI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| 10 ye zvetAmbarAcArya the / tIsare dhanapAla " tilakamaMjarI kathAsAra" ke lekhaka haiM / isa graMtha meM yadyapi tilakamaMjarI kI hI kathA hai, para kucha parivartana bhI kiye gaye haiM / zragahillapura ke pallIvAla kula meM utpanna zrAmana kavi ke ye putra the / zrAmana ne nemicarita nAmaka mahAkAvya kI racanA kI hai / ukta graMtha kArtika sudi 8 vi. saM. 1261 ko samApta huA 11 ataH inakA samaya vikrama kI 13 vIM zatI mAnanA cAhiye / ye digambara jaina the| cauthe dhanapAla " bAhubali - cariu " ke lekhaka haiM / isa graMtha kI prati Amera zAstra bhaNDAra, jayapura tathA zrImahAvIrajI meM surakSita hai / 12 inakA sthAna palhApura thA / pitA kA nAma suhaDadeva aura mAtA kA suhAdevI thA / inakA samaya vikrama kI pandrahavIM zatI hai | 13 bhavisayattakahA ke lekhaka ghanapAla dhakkar3a nAmaka vaNik vaMza meM utpanna hue / pitA kA nAma mAesara aura mAtA kA dhanazrI thA / inhoMne apanI guru-paramparA Adi kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| jaikobI tathA DaoN0 nemicandra zAstrI prAdi Alocako ne saiddhAntika vivecana ke AdhAra para inakA digambara matAnuyAyI honA siddha kiyA hai / 14 DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI

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jaina vidyA ne dhanapAla kA samaya yadyapi 14 vIM zatI batAyA thA para DaoN0 nemicandra zAstrI ne aneka pramANoM ke AdhAra para inakA samaya 10 vIM zatI svIkAra kiyA hai 15 jo zrasamIcIna nahIM hai / isakA dUsarA nAma "suyapaMcamIkahA", "jJAnapaMcamI kahA" yA "paMcamIkahA " bhI hai / bhavisayattakahA kA sarvaprathama prakAzana jaikobI ne romana lipi meM 1918 meM kiyA / isake bAda sva. sI. DI. dalAla tathA pI. DI. guNe ne gAyakavAr3a oriyanTala sIrIja meM nAgarI lipi meM 1923 meM kiyA 116 45 dhanapAla kI ukta eka hI racanA prApta hai / ise mahAkAvya ke guNoM se pUrNa hone para bhI mahAkAvya nahIM kahA jA sakatA yataH isameM jIvana kI anubhUtiyoM kA vaividhya nahIM hai, vistRta kathA hone para bhI mahAkAvya jaisI udAtta zailI nahIM hai| jainadharma ke AdarzoM ke anukUla hI aMgI rasa zAMta hai tathA apakAra kA kaThora badalA nahIM dilAyA gayA hai ( baMdhudatta ke saMdarbha meM) / isameM lokajIvana ke vividha rUpa dikhAI dete haiM / kucha prasaMga bar3e mArmika bana par3e haiM yathA baMdhudatta dvArA bhaviSyadatta ko mainAga dvIpa meM akelA chor3anA, kamalazrI ko bhaviSyadatta ke na Ane kA samAcAra milanA aura usakA vilApa karanA, anta meM milana Adi / alaMkRta bhASA meM gajapura kA varNana draSTavya hai " taha gayauru gAU~ pahaNu jaragajariyacchariGa / raNaM gaNu muvi sanAkhaMDa mahi zravayariU || taMga ko vahaM samatthu jaM vahaiha maMDalu gaM pasatthu / jaMtu uDa- kaDala hehi, mehe sArAi bahu pAravarehi // " bhavisayattacariu * apabhraMza meM hI zrIdhara ne 'bhavisayattacariu' kI racanA kI / paM. paramAnanda zAstrI ne sAta zrIdharoM kA ullekha kiyA hai jo saMskRta aura apabhraMza ke lekhaka haiM / 17 zrI harivaMza kochaDa ne pAsaNAhacariu, sukumAlacaritra aura bhavisayattacariu kA racayitA eka hI zrIdhara ko mAnA hai 18 para DaoN0 zAstrI ne tInoM ke racayitA alaga-alaga svIkAra kiye haiM 119 pAsaraNAhacariu ke racayitA zrIdhara agravAla gotrIya budhagolha aura vIlhAdevI ke putra the 120 dvitIya zrIdhara muni the aura "vibudha" unakI upAdhi thI 121 tRtIya zrIdhara kA vizeSa paricaya prApta nahIM hotA / dvitIya zrIdhara ukta kiyA hai, tadanusAra vi. saM. inakA samaya 12 - 13 vIM jayapura meM prApta hai / grantha ke racayitA haiM / unhoMne apane racanAkAla kA ullekha 1200 phA. zu. dazamI ravivAra ko yaha grantha pUrNa huA 1 22 ataH zatI mAnA jAnA cAhiye / isakI prati Amera zAstra bhaNDAra

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jaina vidyA yaha 1530 zloka pramANa hai / apabhraMza kI kaDavaka paddhati meM paddhar3iyA chaMda meM yaha likhA gayA hai / isakI racanA kavi ne candravADa nagara meM mAthuravaMzIya nArAyaNa ke putra supaTTa sAhU kI preraNA se unakI mAtA ke nimitta kI thii| puSpikA vAkya meM isakA ullekha huA hai / 23 isakI kathA meM thor3A parivartana hai yathA-kamalazrI ko pahale putra nahIM huA, muninindA ke kAraNa dhanapati ne kamalazrI ko tyAgA, baMdhudatta dvArA bhaviSyAnurUpA se vivAha kI carcA kiye jAne para vaha maranA cAhatI hai, vanadevI svapna meM milana kI bAta kahatI hai Adi / isameM chaha pariccheda haiM / marmasparzI sthala aura prakRti-citraNa anUThA hai, saMvAda rocaka aura sahRdayahRdayAvarjaka haiM / kamalazrI kA eka citra hai "tA bhaNaiM kisoyari kamalasiri Na karami kamala muhullau / para sumaraMti he suu hoi mahu phuTTa raNa maNa hiyaullau // rovai dhuvai eyaraNa cuva aMsuva jaladhArahiM vttmo| bhukkhaiM khIraNa deha taNhAiya raNa muNaI maliNa gttmo||" bhavisayattacariu apabhraMza meM hI raidhU ne bhavisayattacariu kI racanA kii| raidhU ke pitA kA nAma harisiMha aura mAtA kA vijayazrI thA, sAvitrI unakI patnI thii| udayarAja nAmaka unakA eka putra huA / ye padmAvatI puravAla vaMzIya kASThAsaMgha mAthuragaccha kI puSkaraNIya zAkhA se saMbaddha the / DaoN. nemicanda zAstrI, DaoN. rAjArAma jaina Adi ne inakA nivAsasthAna gvAliyara siddha kiyA hai / DaoN. jaina ne raidhU sAhitya ke adhyayanoparAnta nimna niSkarSa prastuta kiye haiM1. raidhU ne bhaTTAraka guNakIti ko apanA guru mAnA hai| 2. unake racanAkAla kI pUrvAvadhi vi. saM. 1457 hai| 3. inhoMne bhaTTAraka zubhacandra tathA rAjA kItisiMha (DUMgarasiMha ke putra) ke bAda kI ghaTanAoM kA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai| kIrtisiMha kA antima ullekha vi. saM. 1536 kA hai ataH raidhU ko vi. saM. kI 15-16vIM zatI kA mahAkavi mAnanA cAhiye / DaoN. rAjArAma jaina ne unakI 37 kRtiyoM kA patA lagAyA hai / 24 bhavisayattacariu bhI unameM eka hai| yaha ukta kathA ke AdhAra para likhI gayI hai / bhaviSyadattacaritra vikrama kI 17vIM zatAbdI meM prAnandameru ke praziSya aura padmameru ke ziSya padmasundara ne saMskRta meM bhaviSyadattacaritra likhA / kavi kI anya dUsarI racanAoM meM prasiddha mahAkAvya 'rAyamallAbhyudaya' hai / bhaviSyadattacaritra kA racanAkAla vi. saM. 1614 likhA hai / ataH padmasundara kA samaya satrahavIM zatI mAnanA cAhiye / zrI nAthUrAma premI ne phA. zu. saptamI - vi. saM. 1615 kI likhita bhaviSyadattacaritra kI apUrNa prati ai. pannAlAla sarasvatI bhavana

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jaina vidyA meM hone kA ullekha kiyA hai / prakRta kRti meM bhaviSyadatta kI kathA 5 sargoM yA paricchedoM meM vibhakta 25 47 bhaviSyadatta caritra 1 vi. saM. kI 17- 18vIM zatAbdI meM hI upAdhyAya meghavijaya ne ukta kRti kA nirmANa kiyA / meghavijaya vyAkaraNa, jyotiSa aura tarkazAstra ke prakANDa paNDita the / ve tapAgacchIya kRpAvijaya ke ziSya the / unakI graMtha prazastiyoM ke anusAra hI unakA samaya san 1652-1703 ke bIca hai / meghavijaya kI anya racanAnoM meM 'saptasandhAna', 'devAnanda mahAkAvya' aura 'yuktiprabodha' nATaka pramukha haiM / 26ba bhaviSyadattacaritra 22 gradhikAroM meM vibhakta hai| bIca-bIca meM hitopadeza, paMcatantra Adi ke subhASita diye gaye haiM / kucha vidvAnoM ne ise dhanapAla kRta 2000 gAthA-pramANa apabhraMza bhavisayattakahA kA saMskRta rUpAntara mAnA hai 127 bhaviSyadattabandhu kathA zaka saM 1700 ke AsapAsa dayAsAgara ne marAThI bhASA meM 'bhaviSyadattabandhukathA ' etadviSayaka graMtha likhA / dayAsAgara kI anya racanAoM meM jambUsvAmIcarita zraurasamyaktvakaumudI ullekhanIya hai 128 bhaviSyadattarAsa rAjasthAnI kI rAsa paramparA meM brahma jinadAsa ne 'bhaviSyadattarAsa' rcaa| brahmajinadAsa saMskRta ke bhI acche vidvAn the / unakI saMskRta kI 12 aura rAjasthAnI kI 53 racanAoM kA ullekha DaoN. zAstrI ne kiyA hai 128 brahma jinadAsa sarasvatI gaccha ke bhaTTAraka sakalakIrti ke kaniSTha bhrAtA aura ziSya the| inakI mAtA kA nAma zobhA tathA pitA kA nAma karNasiMha thA / ye dhanI aura samRddha the / inakA nivAsasthAna pATana thA / inakA samaya vikrama kI 15 - 16vIM zatI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / bhaviSyadatta caupAI hindI padyoM meM ukta grantha kI racanA brahma rAyamalla ne kii| isakA racanAkAla kArtika zukla 14 vi. saM. 1633 hai / isakI prati bhaTTAraka grantha bhaNDAra nAgaura meM hai 130 bhaviSyadatta tilakAsundarI nATaka ukta nAma se hindI meM nATaka kI racanA prasiddha nATakakAra zrI nyAmatasiMha jaina, " hisAra ne kii| yaha 1927 meM prakAzita huA / zrI jaina ne hindI kI noTaMkI zailI meM anya bhI aneka nATaka race jo Aja bhI maMcoM para bar3e cAva se khele jAte haiM /

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jaina vidyA bhaviSyadatta tilakAsundarI kathA ukta nAma se bhaviSyadattakathA ko saMkSipta kara zrI rAdhAmohana jaina ne 1976 I. meM prakAzita kiyA / 1 isakI bhASA sarala, sarasa aura baccoM ke lie bhI bodhagamya hai| bhaviSyadattakathA ke jJAnapaMcamI, paMcamI, saubhAgyapaMcamI yA zrutapaMcamI kathA se sambaddha hone ke kAraNa etadviSayaka racanAoM meM bhaviSyadattakathA kA honA bahuta sambhava hai / ukta paMcamI kathA se sambandhita racanAeM nimna haiM prajJAta38 1. jJAnapaMcamI kathA-tapAgacchIya zrI devavijayagaNi saM. 165632 2. jJAnapaMcamI kathA dhanakar3a 170533 3. jJAnapaMcamI kathA jinaharSa samaya ajJAta34 4. jJAnapaMcamI kathA sundaragaNi 5. jJAnapaMcamI kathA muktivimala36 6. jJAnapaMcamI kathA ajJAta37 7. saubhAgyapaMcamI kathA 8. paMcamI kathA ajJAta39 9. paMcamI kathA pArzvacandra40 10. paMcamI kathA tapAgacchIya meghavijaya 11. kArtika saubhAgya paMcamIkathA maMjusUri 12. jJAnapaMcamI, paMcamI, kArtika zukla zrI vijayasUri ke ziSya paMcamI mAhAtmya yA saubhAgya paMcamI tapAgacchIya kanakakauzala vi. saM. 165543 kathA 13. jJAnapaMcamI kathA dAnacandra 170044 14. saubhAgyapaMcamI kathA upAdhyAya kSamAkalyANa saM. 1829-6545. isa prakAra yaha nizcayapUrvaka kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhaviSyadatta kI kathA jaina kathAoM meM mahattvapUrNa sthAna rakhatI hai| isako AdhAra banAkara itane granthoM kA racA jAnA isakI lokapriyatA ko iMgita karatA hai| yaha kathA kisI anusaMdhAna premI ko bATajoha rahI hai| anusaMdhAna kartAloM aura kArayitAoM ko isa prora dattAvadhAna honA cAhiye / 1. prathamAnuyogamAkhyAnaM caritaM purANamapipuNyam / bodhisamAdhinidhAnaM bodhati bodhaH samIcInaH / / --ratnakaraNDazrAvakAcAra-43

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jaina vidyA 2. DaoNkTara amRtalAla gopANI dvArA 1949 I meM siMghI jaina graMthamAlA meM prakAzita / 3. nAgapaMcamIkahA, prakAzaka ukta 10.496-497 gAthA 4. haribhadra ke prAkRta kathA sAhitya kA A. pra., vaizAlI, 1965, pRSTha-74 5. jaina sAhitya kA bRhad itihAsa, bhAga - 6, DaoN. gulAbacaMda caudharI, pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama vArANasI-1973, pR. 366 6. prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, DaoN. jagadIzacaMda jaina, vArANasI, 1961 pRSTha-440 7. vahI, pRSTha - 440 8. jinaratnakoSa, pUnA, 1944, pRSTha 293 9. jaina sAhitya kA vR. i., bhAga-6, pRSTha - 366 10. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, premI bambaI, 1942, pRSTha - 469 49 11. vahI, pRSTha 741 12. Amera zAstra bhaNDAra ke granthoM kI sUcI, pra. saM., 138-147 13. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA, sAgara, 1974, bhAga-4, pRSTha 214 14. vahI - pRSTha 112 ( tathA jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, premI, pRSTha 467-68 ) 15. vahI, pRSTha 113-114 16. jai. sA. aura i., premI, pRSTha-467 17. anekAnta, vIra sevA mandira, dillI, varSa 8 kiraNa 12, pRSTha- 462 18. apabhraMza - sAhitya, bhAratIya sAhitya mandira, dillI, pRSTha- 210 19 tI. ma. aura u. pra. pa. bhAga - 4, pRSTha - 137 20. pAsaraNAhacariu prazasti / 21-22. tI. ma. aura u. prA. pa., bhAga-4, pRSTha 145-46 23. 'iya siri bhavisayattacarie vibuha sirisukai sirihara biraei sAhuNArAyaNa-bhajjArUppara - gAmAM kie bhavisayatta - uppattivaNNaraNo NAma paDhamo pariccheno samatto / / ' 24. raghU sAhitya kA prAlocanAtmaka parizIlana, vaizAlI, 1972, pR. 120 25. tI. ma. aura u. pra. pa., bhAga-4, pRSTha - 82-83 26. - dekhie lekhaka kA 'jaina saMskRta nATaka aura nATakakAra' zIrSaka lekha, pariSad patrikA (vi. rA. pariSad, paTanA) aprela 1981, pR. 32 ba - himmata graMthamAlA, aMka 1 meM paM. maphatalAla jhaveracandra gAMdhI dvArA sampAdita, gujarAtI anuvAda, ahamadAbAda se prakAzita / 27. DaoN. jagadIzacandra jaina, prAkRta sAhitya kA itihAsa, pRSTha-441

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50 28. tI. ma. zraura u. prA. pa., bhAga-4 pRSTha - 322 29. vahI, bhAga-3 pR. 340 30. bhaTTArakIya graMtha bhaNDAra nAgaura, pANDulipi sUcI, zrI pI. sI. jaina, jayapura 1981, pR. 82 31. bhaviSyadatta tilakA sundarI, rAdhAmohana jaina, prakAzaka- jaina sAhitya sadana, dillI - 6, janavarI 1976 32. jinaratna koSa, pRSTha 148 33. vahI, pR. 148 34. 35 vahI, pRSTha-148 36. vahI, prakAzita - jaina granthamAlA, ahamadAbAda 1916 37. se 44 jinaratna koSa pR. 85, 148, 226, 341 45. jaina sAhitya kA vRhad itihAsa, bhAga-6, pRSTha-367 jaina vidyA ke

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apabhraMza kA zikhara mahAkAvya bhavisayattakahA -DaoN0 zrIraMjana sUrideva dasavIM zatI ke apabhraMza-mahAkavi dhanapAla dvArA racita 'bhavisayattakahA' (bhaviSyadattakathA) apabhraMza ke pAMkteya mahAkAvyoM meM anyatama hai| isakI prArambhika bhUmikA se jJAta hotA hai ki dhanapAla ne apane janma se dhakkar3a (dhAkar3a) vaizyakula ko gauravAnvita kiyA thaa| unake pitA kA nAma mAyezvara aura mAtA kA nAma dhanazrI thaa| sahaja vidyAbhimAna ke kAraNa vaha apane-Apa ko 'sarasvatI kA varada putra' (sarasai bahuladdha mahAvareNa, 1.4) kahate the| 'bhavisayattakahA' kI bhASA prAcIna apabhraMza hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki isake zAbdika prayogoM meM bahurUpatA aura vyAkaraNa kI zithilatA parilakSita hotI hai| zabdoM meM 'ya' aura 'va' zruti (karatalakarayala, kalakala kalayala, dUta=dUva Adi) kA prayoga prAcurya tathA vizeSya aura vizeSaNa meM liMga aura vacana kA viparyAsa bhI dRSTigata hotA hai| phira bhI bhASA kA samagrAtmaka rUpa sAhityika apabhraMza hai| 'bhavisayattakahA' kI lokokti, vAgdhArA evaM sUktibahula bhASA meM vibhinna muhAvaroM paura kahAvatoM ke prayoga se sarasatA kA samAveza to huA hI hai, lokajIvana kA mAdhurya bhI mahanIya ho uThA hai / lokajIvana meM sarvapracalita kahAvata "pAnI mathane se kyA ghI nikala

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janavidyA sakatA hai ?" kA prayoga dhanapAla ne bar3I suSThutA se kiyA hai-"kiM ghiu hoI virolie pANie ?" (2 7.8) yahAM mathane ke artha meM 'virolie' kA prayoga janapadIya jIvana ke adhika nikaTa hai / 'virolanA' kriyA asta-vyasta karane kI ora saMketa karatI hai jo 'mathanA' kriyA se adhika arthagarbha hai / jJAtavya hai, 'mathanA' ke lie apabhraMza meM 'mahanA' zabda adhika pracalita hai kintu mahAkavi dhanapAla ne 'virolanA' kA prayoga kara ise aura adhika arthavyaMjaka banA diyA hai| svayambhU kavi kI apabhraMza-rAmAyaNa 'paumacariu' se prabhAvita gosvAmI tulasIdAsa ne bhI isa saMdarbha meM apane 'mAnasa' meM mathanA kriyA kA hI prayoga kiyA hai"vAri mathai varu hoya ghRta / " isI prakAra eka kahAvata janapracalita hai ki lAbha ke UhApoha meM manuSya apanA mUla bhI gaMvA baiThatA hai / ise apabhraMza ke mahAkavi dhanapAla ne apanI maulikatA ke sAtha kahA-"jataho mUlu vi jAi lAhu citata ho" (3.11.5) yahAM naSTa hone ke artha meM 'jaMtaho' kA prayoga dhyAtavya hai / 'jaMtaho' zabda 'yantrita' kA hI vikasita rUpa hai| jAte (cakkI) prAdi se dabakara pisa jAnA, kucala jAnA yA cUrNa-vicUrNa ho jAne ko 'jatAnA' kahate haiM / dhanapAla ke 'jataho' prayoga meM na kevala arthagarbhatA hai apitu, laukika prayoga kI ramaNIyatA bhI hai| dhanapAla ne kahAvatoM ke atirikta 'hAtha malane', 'sira dhunane' Adi muhAvaroM kA bhI prayoga kiyA hai kaluNai sumIsa karayala malaMti vihugaMti siis| 3.25.3. arthAt, "karuNA se saMvalita ho hAtha malate haiM aura sira dhunate haiM / " yahAM 'saMvalita' ke artha meM 'sumIsa' =sammizra aura 'dhunate haiM' ke artha meM 'vihuNaMti'=vidhUnayanti kA prayoga adhika sampreSaNIya bana gayA hai| aura phira 'malaMti' to bilkula janapadIya prayoga hai / kahanA na hogA ki mahAkavi dhanapAla kI arthagarbha bimbAtmaka zabdayojanA kI dvitIyatA nahIM hai jisakI sucArutA se 'bhavisayattakahA' kI paMkti-paMkti prota-prota hai| saktiyoM ke samyakprayoga se to mahAkavi dhanapAla ke kAlajayI mahAkAvya 'bhavisayattakahA' kA bhASika vaibhava sAtizaya mohaka bana gayA hai| isa vaibhava kA prAharaNa kara na kevala prAcIna hindI ko samRddhi prApta huI hai apitu, vartamAna hindI bhI apane ko tato'dhika vaibhavazAlI banA sakatI hai| mahAkavi dhanapAla bhAgyavAdI nahIM apitu, puruSArthavAdI haiM, jise unhoMne nimnAMkita subhASita ke dvArA Avarjaka abhivyakti pradAna kI hai daivAyattu jaivi vilasivvau, to purisiM vavasAu karivvau /

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jaina vidyA arthAt yadyapi saba karma daivAdhIna haiM tathApi manuSya ko apanA udyoga to karanA hI cAhie / isI prakAra mahAkavi dhanapAla kI mAnyatA hai ki jaise duHkha anicchA yA yacchA se AtA hai, vaise hI sukha bhI sahasA zrA jAtA hai zraicchiI hoMti jima tukkhAI, sahasA pariraNavaMti tiha sokkhaI / 53 3.17.8 parastrI ke prati Asakti kI varjanA bhAratIya nIti ke pramukha siddhAntoM meM anyatama hai / isI tathya ko mahAkavi dhanapAla ne 'bhavisayattakahA' meM tato'dhika prabhAvakatA ke sAtha upasthApita kiyA hai- jovvara viyAra rasavasapasari so sUrau so paMDiyau / cala mammaraNavayaNullAvaehiM jo paratigrahaM ga khaMDiyau // 3.18.9 arthAt, vahI zUra hai aura vahI paNDita bhI hai, jo yauvana-vikAroM ke prasAra kI sthiti meM rAgavaza parastriyoM ke caMcala kAmoddIpaka vAgvilAsa se khaNDita ( prabhAvita ) nahIM hotA / paraho sarIri pAu jo bhAvadda, taM tAsai valevi saMtAvada / isI prakAra, lokanIti yaha hai ki manuSya pApadRSTi hone kI apekSA puNyadRSTi bane / isIlie mahAkavi dhanapAla kahate haiM ki jo kisI dUsare ke prati pApAcAra kI bhAvanA rakhatA hai vaha pApa ulaTakara use hI santapta karatA hai-- 6.10.3 kahanA na hogA ki 'bhavisayatta kahA' meM isa prakAra ke prabhAvakArI subhASitoM kA bRhad grAkalana upalabdha hotA hai jinheM svatantrarUpa se ekatra kiyA jAya to apabhraMza sAhitya kI ora se samagra bhAratIya vAGmaya ke lie sArasvata avadAna ke rUpa meM eka mahA subhASitAvalI sulabha ho jAya / subhASitoM ke atirikta 'bhavisayattakahA' meM lokavizvAsa aura lokarUr3hi se sambaddha vividha tathyoM kA bhI vipula vinyAsa huA hai / punarjanma, karmasiddhAnta, zakunazAstra, lokasaMskAra evaM alaukika ghaTanAoM Adi ke adhyayana - anuzIlana kI dRSTi se to yaha mahAkAvya bhAratIya saMskRti kA mahArNava hI hai / yaha mahAkAvya kAvyazAstrIya alaMkAroM 'adhyayana kI dRSTi se bhI prAkara-graMtha kI mahattA ko prAyatta karatA hai / upamA, utprekSA, svabhAvokti, virodhAbhAsa Adi arthAlaMkAroM

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54 jainavidyA ke prayoga to atizaya hRdayAvarjaka bana par3e haiM / upamAnoM ke prayoga meM to mahAkavi dhanapAla ne prastuta ko aprastuta aura aprastuta ko prastuta arthAt mUrta ko amUrta aura amUrta ko mUrta rUpa dene meM tato'dhika kArukAritA se kAma liyA hai / upamA kA eka prAyodurlabha udAharaNa draSTavya hai dikkhas giggayAu gayasAlau, kulatiyau viraNAsiyasIlau / fores turayabalatthapaesaI, pattharabhaMgAI va vigayAsaI / 4.10.4 arthAt usane gajarahita gajazAlAoM ko dekhA jo use zIlarahita kulIna striyoM ke samAna pratIta huIM aura azvarahita azvazAlAe~ aisI dikhAI par3IM jaise prAzArahita bhagna prArthanAe~ / isa avataraNa ke pUrvArddha meM amUrta ko mUrta tathA uttarArddha meM mUrta ko amUrta rUpa meM upasthApita karane meM mahAkavi ne avazya hI apanI sudurlabha kavitva zakti kA paricaya diyA hai / prastuta ke aprastuta rUpa meM viniyoga kA eka aura pUrva udAharaNa isa prakAra hai"NaM vammaha bhalli vidhaMsarakhasIla juvAraNa jariga" (5.8.9) arthAt vaha sundarI yuvakoM ke hRdayoM ko bIMdhanevAle kAmadeva ke bhAle ke samAna thI / mahAkavi ne upamA kA prayoga kevalamAtra alaMkAra - pradarzana ke lie na karake guNa kI sampreSaNIyatA aura kriyA kI tIvratA ke lie kiyA hai / isa upamA se yaha pratIta hotA hai ki vaha sundarI atizaya zrAkarSaka aura grAmantraka rUpa- suSamA se vimaNDita thI / "bhavisayattakahA" chandaHprayoga kI dRSTi se bhI uttama mahAkAvya hai | mahAkavi dhanapAla ke isa mahAkAvya meM mAtrika aura vANika donoM prakAra ke chandoM kA prayoga huA hai kintu pracuratA mAtrika chandoM kI hI hai / vAriMNaka chandoM meM bhujaMgaprayAta, lakSmIdhara, mandAra, cAmara, zaMkhanArI zrAdi ullekhya haiM to mAtrika vRttoM meM pajjhaTikA, aDillA, dubaI, plavaMgama, siMhAvalokana, kalahaMsa, gAthA | Adi kI pramukhatA hai / isa prakAra zilpagata racanA-prakriyA kI dRSTi se yaha mahAkAvya kAvyajagat meM kUTastha sthAna adhigata karatA hai / kathya yA vastu ke varNana kI dRSTi se bhI isa mahAkAvya kI apanI apUrvatA hai / isakI mUlakathA 'laukika hote hue bhI apanI kAvyagarimA se alaukika bana gaI hai / isakA nAyaka bhavisayatta ( bhaviSyadatta) khyAtavRtta nahIM hai apitu, eka vyApArI- putra hai | mahAkavi dhanapAla ne sAmAnya vyApArI - putra ko apane mahAkAvya kA samastaguNAlaMkRta nAyaka banAkara

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jaina vidyA 55 khyAtavRtta nAyaka kI paramparA kA bhaMjana kiyA hai| yaha kahanA atizayokti nahIM ki mahAkavi dhanapAla se hI apabhraMza-kAvya kI racanA-paddhati meM laukika nAyaka kI paramparA kA sUtrapAta huA hai / isa mahAkAvya kI kathA ko tIna prakararaNoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai, yadyapi mUla graMtha meM isa prakAra kA koI vibhAjana nahIM huA hai| prathama prakaraNa meM eka vyApArI ke putra bhavisayatta kI sampatti kA varNana hai / bhavisayatta arthAt bhaviSyadatta apane vaimAtRka bhAI bandhudatta se do bAra vaMcanA pAkara kaSTa sahana karatA hai kintu anta meM use apane jIvana meM saphalatA prApta hotI hai / dvitIya prakaraNa meM kurunareza aura takSazilAnareza meM yuddha hotA hai| bhaviSyadatta usa yuddha meM pramukharUpa se bhAga letA hai aura aMta meM vijayI hotA hai / tRtIya prakaraNa meM bhaviSyadatta tathA usake sAthiyoM se pUrvajanma aura bhaviSyajanma kA varNana hai / jainoM meM prasiddha zrutapaMcamI vrata kA mAhAtmya pradarzana hI isa mahAkAvya kA racanAtmaka lakSya hai jo kathA ke Arambha meM aura anta meM bhI upanyasta huA hai / dhArmika vizvAsa ke sAtha alaukika ghaTanAoM kA samAveza bhAratIya kathA - paramparA meM rUr3hibaddha rahA hai| gRhastha jIvana ke svAbhAvika citra se vibhUSita isa mahAkAvya meM bhI yakSa dvArA kI gaI alaukika sahAyatA kA nirdeza hai| saca pUchiye to yathArtha aura zrAdarza, itihAsa prora kalpanA, donoM ke manorama samanvaya se yaha mahAkAvya eka atizaya rocaka tathA atyanta prabhAvaka mahAn upanyAsa kA zlAdhyatama vyaktitva AtmasAt karatA hai / "bhavisayattakahA " kA vastuvarNana bahuta hI sahaja prataeva prakRtrima bana par3A hai / aisA isalie ho pAyA hai ki kavi kI abhivyakti meM usakI hArdika anubhUti kA sahaja yoga huA hai / kavi-kalpanA kahIM bhI kisI prakAra se bhI balAnIta nahIM pratIta hotI aura na anAvazyaka sphIta hI / isa saMdarbha meM nAtyadhika zabdoM meM gajapura kI samRddhi aura sauMdarya kI manohArI abhivyakti draSTavya hai tahi gayau gAuM paTTaNu jagajariyacchariu / NaM gayaNu muevi saggakhaMDu mahi zravayariu || 1.5.11 arthAt "manuSyoM ko zrAzcarya meM DAla denevAlA yaha gajapura nagara aisA lagatA hai jaise svarga kA eka khaNDa svarga ko chor3akara dharatI para utara zrAyA ho / " kisI samRddha nagara kI svarga khaNDa se tulanA kI paramparA Adikavi vAlmIki ke kAla se hI calI A rahI hai| unhoMne apane prAdikAvya "rAmAyaNa" meM laMkA nagarI kI tulanA svargakhaNDa se kI hai / punaH mahAkavi kAlidAsa ( IsApUrva prathama zatI) ne "meghadUta" meM ujjayinI kI aura unake paravartI mahAkavi svayambhU ( 8 vIM zatI) ne "riTThaNe micariu " ( harivaMza purANa ) meM virATa nagara kI tathA mahAkavi puSpadaMta (10 vIM zatI) ne " mahApurANa" meM potana nagara kI tulanA svargakhaNDa se hI kI hai /

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56 jainavidyA . rasa-varNana kI dRSTi se bhI "bhavisayattakahA" zreNya hai| isake tInoM pUrvokta prakaraNoM meM prathama meM zRMgAra rasa, dvitIya meM vIra rasa aura tRtIya meM zAMta rasa kI yojanA kI gaI hai| zRMgAra se zAMta kI ora prasthAna hI jaina kAvyoM kI sarvavidita cAritrika vizeSatA hai| "bhavisayattakahA" kI nArI pAtra kamalazrI ke anupama-aMga-sauMdarya ko dekhakara kAmadeva bhI apane ko bhUla jAtA hai-"sohagge mayarau khohi|" vIra rasa ke prasaMga meM mahAkavi ne gajapura aura potanapura ke rAjAoM ke bIca hue yuddha kA sajIva varNana karate hue kahA haiM to harikharakhuraggasaMghaTTi chAiu raNa atornne| eM bhaDamaccharaggisaMdhukkaNadhUmatamaMdhayAraNe // 14. 14. 1 arthAt ghor3oM ke tIkhe khurAgoM ke saMgharSaNa se udbhUta raja se toraNarahita yuddhabhUmi pAcchanna ho gaI / vaha raja aisI pratIta hotI thI mAno yoddhAoM kI krodhAgni se utpanna dhuAM kA andhakAra ho / punaH zAMta rasa ke varNana ke krama meM saMsAra kI asAratA kA pradarzana karate hue mahAkavi ne likhA hai aho nArada saMsAri prasArai, takkhaNi vitthtthpnnchviyaari| pAivi maNumajammu jaNavallahu, bahubhavakoDisahAsi dullahu // 18. 13. 1 .. "bhavisayattakahA" prakRti-varNana kA to mahAkoSa hai| isa mahAkAvya meM pAlambana-' rUpa meM aMkita aneka vimugdhakArI prakRti-citra haiM / eka manomohaka prakRti-citra draSTavya hai - disAmaMDalaM jattha pAuM alakkhaM, pahAya pi jAriNajjae jammi dukkhaM / 4. 3. 2 arthAt vana kI gahanatA se jahA~ dizAmaNDala alakSya thA aura prabhAtakAla ko bhI kaThinAI se jAnA jAtA thaa| idamitthaM, kAvyazAstrIya sampatti evaM mahAkAvyocita viSaya pratipatti kI dRSTi se apabhraMza kA yaha mahAkAvya apane yuga kA "kAladarpaNa" hai sAtha hI zAzvata mAnavIya jIvanadhArA kA udbhAvaka hone ke kAraNa Aja bhI isakI prAsaMgikatA akSuNNa hai / kula milAkara kathya kI kamanIyatA aura zilpa kI suSamA se samanvita sampUrNa kathA-sAhitya kA pratinidhitva karanevAlI yaha kalAvareNya kAvyakRti apabhraMza ke zikhara-mahAkAvya ke rUpa meM dhurikIrtanIya hai / nissandeha, yaha mahAkAvya mahAkavi bANabhaTTa kI "manastu sAdhudhvanibhiH pade pade haranti santo maNinapurA iva" ukti ko akSarazaH anvartha karatA hai /

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bhavisayattakahA kA bhAvabodha - (DaoN0) pro. choTelAla zarmA bhAva yA bhAvoM kI vyavasthA, avasthA, samanvaya yA bhAvakSetra kI saMjJA rasa hai / isalie eka prakAra se yaha prAdhyAtmika bodha hai / vaiSNavabhaktoM ne "kAvyAMgasaMkara", "rasaguNAlaMkAra", "sAlaMkAra saMkara..."prAdi vizeSaNoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| "bhoja" rasa ko eka ukti kahate haiM jo vANI ko alaMkRta karatI hai| bhAva, rasa, bhAvAbhAsa, rasAbhAsa prAdi eka hI tattva kI vibhinna avasthAeM haiM-bhAva kendrIya, rasa carama aura bhAvAbhAsa tathA rasAbhAsa nIce kI, rasa kI parAkoTi advaita kI dyotaka hai, madhyAvasthA dvaitakI-yahI rasa kI prAsvAdatA aura prAsvAdyatA hai-"rasanAd rasaH" aura "prAsvAdyatvAt rasaH" / isakA adhiSThAna ahaMkAra hai jo mana kI zuddha prakriyA kI dena hai / prAnaMtya ke sAtha jur3anA isakA svabhAva hai aura zrRMgAra meM caramatA ko prApta hotA hai| isIlie zrRMgAra ko mUlarasa kahA gayA hai-yahI darzana kA ahaM hai jo vividha bhAvoM meM vikIrNa hotA hai| sabhI kA samanvita rUpa 'preman' hai / sabhI bhAva caramatA ko prApta kara sakate haiM / inakI 'sthAyI' aura 'saMcArI' saMjJA saMdarbha-sApekSa hai / isake lie aucitya prasAra aura gaharAI kI apekSA hai / isa prakAra anekatva vikAsamUlaka hai aura ekatva sAtvika / AsvAda bhI prAtmaratimUlaka hI haiahaMkAra ke bAhya padArthoM se sambaddha hote hI sabhI duHkhada vastueM sukhada ho jAtI haiM /

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jaina vidyA camatkAra bhI ahaM kA vistAra jaisA hI hai / yahI indriya kAluSya aura laukika saMdarbhoM se saMyukta hokara bhAvAbhAsa aura rasAbhAsa hai / 1 'bhAnudatta' ne to 'mithyA jJAnavAsanA' ko sthAyI mAnakara 'mAyArasa' kA DhAMcA khar3A kiyA hai jo rasAbhAsa koTi kA hai / 'haribhaktirasAmRta sindhu' meM rasa ko ekatva se jor3a diyA gayA hai aura kRSNa ko 'akhilarasAmRtamUrti' batAyA hai / 2 rasa kevala kRSNa ke saMdarbha meM saMbhava hai, isakI maryAdA bhI banA dI gaI hai / isI ko 'jIvagosvAmI' ne puruSa yogyatA kahA hai- 'sAmagrI hi ... puruSayogyatA ca / " isa prakAra 'bhAnudatta' ne rasAvalaMbana kI yogyatA ko iMgita kiyA hai| aura 'bhoja' ne use caritra se jor3a diyA hai / 58 upaniSadoM meM jJAnakrama kI zrRMkhalA asat se sat (sukRta) arthAt nirvikalpa se savikalpa kI ora hai yahI rasa hai / isI prakAra brahma rasa bhI hai aura rasa se 'tRpta honevAlA anusandhAtA bhI - dRk bhI, draSTA bhI / Ananda yA rasa hI saba prANiyoM kA jIvana hai 15 jIvAtmA kA paramAtmA se milana prAptakAma, prAptakAma, prakAma aura zokazUnya rUpa hai / 'bharata' ne rasa ko loka svabhAva-saMsiddha yA lokAnugAmI kahA hai| 7 yaha bhAva - vyavasthA hI hai- 'tathA mUlaM rasaH sarvatebhyo bhAvavyavasthitaH / 8 isa taraha bhAva aura rasa anyonyAzrita haiM / rasatva ke lie nAnA bhAvoM kA upagata honA zrAvazyaka hai jisakA artha hai-- 'vibhAvAnubhAva saMcArI' Adi kA sthAyI ke samIpa Akara anukUlatA grahaNa karanA aura mana dvArA AsvAdya honaa| 'dhanaMjaya' ne bhI bhAva ko prAsvAdyarUpa meM vyakta karane ko -rasa kahA hai / " 'bhaTTa lollaTa' vibhAvAdi ko rasa kA kAraNa mAnate haiM jinake dvArA sthAyI bhAva upacita avasthA ko prApta hokara rasa hote haiM / rasAnubhUti anubhavoM ke AdhAra para hotI hai / zaMkuka ne parokSa prakriyA kA sahArA lete hue bhI prAropa ke lie anubhava aura saMskAra ko AdhAra mAnA hai aura kalpanA ke AdhAra para nATakIya ghaTanA ke anumAna kI bAta kahI hai. 'bhaTTanAyaka' ne rasa ko sAmAjika ke mana meM sthAyI rUpa se nirantara vidyamAna mAnA hai / 'bhaTTa tauti' bhI saMvAda ko hI pradhAnatA dete haiM jisameM sAmAjika kI cittavRtti nimagna ho jAtI hai / vastutaH yaha 'ratyAdiviSayAnubhava' yukta prahaM hai - pranuvyavasAyAtmaka bodha / zaivAgamoM meM prabheda, samarasatA tathA zrAnanda-isa trisUcI vidhAna kI pradhAnatA hai / 'abhinavagupta' ne rasa ke lie do zrAvazyaka tattva mAne haiM - prAnanda aura puruSArthasambandha / kalAe~ vaise bhI prayojananiSTa hotI haiM / rasAnubhUti kI avasthA meM 'svAtmaparAmarza hotA hai jo svayaM zrAnandarUpa hai - rati Adi vAsanAoM kA udbodha zrAnandarUpa svasaMvedana / yaha sAkSAt mana kI prakriyA hai, indriyAM to zithila hokara viSaya-vimukha ho jAtI haiM / yaha AnandAbhivyakti hI caitanya hai, camatkAra hai, rasa hai / yaha lokottara hai kyoMki lokAdhAra kArya-kAraNa aura jJApya jJApaka sambandha se mukta hai| yaha 'vibhAvAdi jIvitAvadhi' hai, pahale se vidyamAna kA prakAzana nahIM, tanmayIbhAva dvArA ratyAdi bhAvoM se sambandhita caitanya tattva kI anubhUti hai - vibhAvAdi parAmarza / yaha na kevala nirvikalpa hai aura na savikalpa, zrapitu donoM hI vibhAvAdi ke saMyoga se honevAlI anubhUti hai /

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jaina vidyA 59 paMDitarAja jagannAtha 'vedAnta' ke AdhAra para rasa kI vyAkhyA karate haiM / unakA kahanA hai - prAtma - caitanya hI vibhAvAdi se saMvalita hokara ratyAdi bhAvoM ko prakAzita karatA hai aura svayaM bhI prakAzita hotA hai / isa prakAra rasa zrAtma-caMtanya kA svaprakAzana hai, antaHkaraNa kI vRtti nahIM kyoMki isameM mana ke tanAva nahI raha jAte / ise "cidviziSTa" "nija saMvidavizrAnti" "ratyAdyavacchinnacit" prAdi kahA gayA hai / ratyAdi na to vastu haiN| na bAhya viSayaka vicAra, haiM to kevala una viSayoM ke saMskAra jina para citta kI ekAgratA prahlAdaparaka hotI hai / zaivAgamoM meM rasa svAtma parAmarza hai aura vedAnta meM cetanA ke AvaraNa kA aMga / yaha anubhUti hai isalie prAsvAda hai, vicArAnugata hai isalie AsvAdya / jaina darzana dravya aura guNa donoM ko satya mAnatA hai-na kevala dravya kI sattA hI mUla hai aura na pariNamana vivarta kI, kevala pariraNamana bhI mUla astitva nahIM hai aura na dravya ajJAna yA kalpanA kI vastu / pratyeka pariNamana bhI nayA astitva nahIM hai kyoMki anubhavasiddha pariNamana ke tIna tattva haiM- dhrauvya, utpAdya aura vyaya / isa prakAra savikalpa hI satya hai aura nirvikalpa aniyata evaM aspaSTa / svAbhAvika hai ki vastu anekAnta ho ( na- ekAnta ) / zrataH satya sApekSya hai, upAdhigrasta hai, ekAnta yA nirapekSa nahIM jaise- aNu samUha ke saMdarbha meM dravya hai lekina dikkAla ke saMdarbha meM nahIM / ataH dravyatA saMdarbha sApekSa hai, maulika nahIM / guraNa vastu ke sAtha bhI dRzya haiM aura bhinna bhI jinheM " dravyanaya" aura "paryAyanaya" kahA jAtA hai / "nagamanaya" sahajabuddhi ko lekara calatA hai jo "nyAya vaizeSika" kI paddhati hai / isameM vastu ko sattA yA sAmAnyatA ke saMdarbha meM nahIM dekhA jAtA kevala prathama saMparka kI pratIti ke rUpa meM pakar3A jAtA hai / " saMgrahanaya" vedAnta kI dRSTi hai jo mUla sattA ko dekhatI - khojatI hai / 'vyavahAranaya' sAMkhya dRSTi ke samAna hai jisameM maulika aura pAriNAmI guraNa ghule-mile rahate haiM / inakI sAtatya paramparA nirvighna banI rahatI hai aura hamAre upayoga ke aneka pariNAma jur3e rahate haiM, ataH hamAre lie ye hI pramukha haiM / " paryAyanaya" meM prabhAvI guNa-samUha vastu-vicAra kA sAratatva hai / naya dRSTiyAM hI to haiM phira mukti taka maryAdita hai / jJAna aneka kyoM nahIM hoMgI / isalie samyakjJAna upayogitA viziSTa hai - prayojana saMkula / saMjJAna- prakriyA kI jAMca-par3atAla eka ulajhAva hai, zrAropita lagAva / hamArA to itane se kAma cala jAtA hai ki kucha khAsa vastueM kucha khAsa saMdarbhoM meM kucha khAsa yogyatA prApta kara letI haiM aura hameM unakA jJAna ho jAtA hai - grAma khAnevAlA per3a ginane kI ulajhana mola nahIM letA / phira, hamAre pAsa isakA koI sAkSya bhI nahIM hai ki ve jJAna paidA karatI haiM / hamArA uddezya to zubha kI prApti aura prazubha se kI prakriyA meM hamArI AtmA hI jJAtA aura jJeya rUpa meM vyakta hotI hai / indriyAM to upakaraNa gavAkSabhara haiM / zrAtmA meM utpanna jJAna ko ve badala nahIM sakatI kyoMki ve pahale se hI vahAM vidyamAna rahatI haiN| jJAna prakriyA kA artha kevala itanA hI hai ki jo prAvaraNa se adRzya thA, vaha bhaMga ho gayA / 10 prajJAna yA bhrama saMbaMdha vyatikrama haiM jahA~ vastueM ucitarUpa se anubhUta nahIM hotIM / jJAna meM yaha vyatikrama nahIM rahatA / itara saMbaMdha yA saMdarbha dikkAla . ke saMbaMdha yA saMdarbha se samIkRta nahIM hote| isako hI satkhyAti kahate haiM / vastueM anumAna rUpa nahIM haiM - sApekSa haiM / jJAna AtmA kA prAvaraNa maMga hai / yaha prAvaraNa bAhyaiMdriyoM kI

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janavidyA dena hai / prAtmA zarIra ke sabhI aMgoM se sambaddha rahatI hai, isalie mana yA mAnasa kA saMjJAna meM koI vyatirikta prayojana nahIM hotaa| bhItara vyakti ke karma aura bAhara vastu kA saMparka usakA nirmANa karate haiN| ataH pratyakSa hI upAdeya hai aura parokSa heya / bauddhoM meM pravAha se hI astitva kI nApa-jokha hotI hai| pravAha kI hara ikAI unake lie viziSTa hai-eka dUsare se hara kSaNa bhinna, nayA anukramaNa / janadarzana isase sahamata nahIM hai| yahA~ vastu ke kucha aMza dhra va haiM kucha utpAdya aura kucha vyayazIla / isalie anubhava se hI jJAna kA prAraMbha hotA hai / anubhava meM bhItarI caitanya aura bAharI padArtha-donoM kA saMyoga apekSita hai, kevala bAharI padArtha kI upasthiti se jJAna utpanna nahIM hotaa| ataH hamAre anubhava hamAre caitanya ke viparivartita rUpa haiM / isameM cetana aura acetana kI sImA kA jhamelA nahIM hai jaisA "sAMkhya" ne khar3A kara rakhA hai| jJAna to prAtmA kI rUparahita vizeSatA hai jo svata: hI vastuoM ko vyakta karatI hai| isalie jJAna kI prAmANikatA bhI bhItarI-bAharI saMvAda para nirbhara hai / jJAna kI kasauTI jJAna nahIM ho sakatA jaisA "mImAMsaka" socate-kahate haiM / rasa jJAna hI hai anubhUti bhI aura upalabdhi bhii|11 - rasa ke saMdarbha meM jaina aura janetara darzanoM meM paryApta sAmya hai / janakRti ke bhAvabodha ke prAkalana-mUlyAMkana ke lie isa pora saMkSepa meM aMguli-nirdeza karanA samIcIna hogA - 1. rasa prAtma-caitanya kA prakAzana hai, cetanA ke prAvaraNa kA mNg| ise eka dRSTi se svAtma-parAmarza bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| 2. rasa prakriyA meM vibhAvAdi-varNya viSaya kI bhI utanI hI mahattA hai jitanI vAsanA yA saMskAroM kii| isa yogyatA se hI yaha utpanna hotA hai, sAdhAraNIkRta hotA hai, . abhivyakta hotA hai / 3. rasayojanA prayojananiSTha hai aura rasa rasa ke lie hai bhI, nahIM bhI kyoMki sUcanA aura ___ saundarya-donoM hI kAmya haiM / ... 4. bhAva kendrIya avasthA hai aura rasa carama, ataH rasa dvaita aura advaita-donoM avasthAoM meM niSpanna hotA hai prAsvAdya aura prAsvAda-donoM rUpoM meM / 5. bhAvAbhAsa aura rasAbhAsa sambandha vyatikramajAta haiM, saMdarbha anaucitya ke vikAra / 6. rasa vyavasthA hai, avasthA hai, samanvaya hai, bhAvakSetra hai jo aneka bhAvoM meM udgIrNa vikIrNa hotA hai| 7. bhAvamAtra rasakoTi ko pahuMca sakate haiM usameM sthAyI-saMcArI kA bheda nahIM hai| 8. rasa tanmayIbhAva dvArA caitanya tattva kI anubhUti-upalabdhi hai /

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jainavidyA 61 9. rasaprakriyA meM saMvAda kA vizeSa mahattva hai| 10. rasasambandhI koI dRSTi mithyA nahIM hai-paryAya hai, aura sabhI ke ekAdhiSThAna meM saMmizraNa ke kaarnn| vAtsalya tathA sajAtIyabhAva-"rudraT" "preyAn"13 aura "somezvara" sneha ko vAtsalya kahate haiM-anuttama meM uttama kI rati 114 "bhoja" dvArA yaha sunirdiSTa hai, "haripAladeva" dvArA puSTa16 tathA "vizvanAtha" dvArA pratiSThita / / "maMdAramaMdacaMpUkAra" karuNA18 aura "kavi karNapUra" mamatA19 ko isakA sthAyA batAte haiM / hamAre "sarasai saMbhaviNa" kavi dvArA isakA eka "prasanna-saundarya-citra" taba ukerA gayA hai jaba vaha "nava-kadalI-garma" sadRza "bhavisayatta" ke bAla-sahaja caMcala svabhAva ko "lokAnuvRtti", "svabhAvokti" evaM "sAdhAraNIkaraNa" kI prakriyA meM DhAlane ko udyata huA hai / bAla kI krIDA-kriyAeM sahaja sphuraNazIla haiM-mAM ke stanoM ko hAtha se sparza karate hue dugdhapAna, "varivanitAnoM ke kezoM kA grathana," "Tahoke se haMsanA," "vakSa meM sparza se gudagudI honA" "caraNoM se stanahAroM kA dalanA", "dhavala tArahAroM ko khIMcanA--tor3anA" Adi uddIpana haiM, "priya-parijanoM kA prAkarSaNa honA", "hAthoM-hAtha uThAe ghUmanA", "goda meM chipAe rakhanA", "siMhAsana para sulAnA-baiThAnA" prAdi anubhAva aura "harSa", "prAvega", "moha", "prautsukya", "garva", "capalatA", "utsAha" Adi saMcArI haiN| isake pIche parikara-parivAra kI atRpta AkAMkSAmoM, prema, prAkarSaNa Adi kI vibhinna kakSA, tIvratA mora vega kI jhalaka hai ahiNavaraMbhagambhasomAlau dharaNavaighari parivaDDhai bAlau / kamalasirihi pINuNNayasaTTaI, pillivi hAtu piyai thnnvttttiN| hatthihatya bhamaI javiMdaho, cariyasuhAvahu suThTha gridho| raNaraNAhiM saiM aMki laijjai, cAmaragAhiNohi vijjijjai / pavara vilAsiNIhi cuMbijjai, ahiM pAsiu ahiM lijjai / sohAsaNasiharovari muccai, varavilayahi siri kurulaI lucai / kokkou hasai viyArahaM vaMkai, mahatu samappai usarahiM DaMkai / cuMbijjaMtu kavolaI cIraha, gali laggaMtu dharahi ahiM khiirh| komalapayahi dalai thaNahAraiM, pAkhaMcivi toDai siyhaariN| 2. 1. isakA "harSa", "garva", "mAvega", "utsAha" prAdi se sahavartita "AtmatoSa citra" taba dIkha par3atA hai jaba dhaNapati putra kI upalabdhiyoM para zlAghA meM dattacitta rahatA hai aura patnI garva saMbhAra ko vistRta karatI huI lokokti taka pahuMca jAtI hai / isake pIche "pAzA", "zRgAra" aura "AtmAbhimAna" kI jhalaka-jhalamalAhaTa hai

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janavidyA dharaNavai suThTha samuNNayamAraNalaM, aNudiNu digNu riparantaravAraNa / puttavicittaguriNahi parituTThau, salahai pariNihi purau pahiu / pie sAvapaNa eha raNau dosai, macchur3akuli ujjou karesai / pomalacchi vihaseviNu jaMpai, puNNodaiNa kAI Na samappai / rukkhaho NAmi phalu saMbajjhai, ki aMbaI mAmalau riNabajjhai / jo tautaraNaiM aMgi uppaNNauM, tAsu sarIri hoi ki dugnnuN| 2. 3. 4-9 "pravAsa prAgata" kA eka "utkaMThA citra" taba upalabdha hotA hai jaba hamAre pramukha pAtra kA vaimAtreya pravAsa se lauTatA hai / isameM locana sphuraNa, kAga dvArA pra gamana kI sUcanA kA saMsarjana, "Avega", "AzaMkA", "harSa", "avizvAsa" Adi saMcAriyoM kA sahavartana aura "azru", "svarabhaMga" prAdi sAtvikoM kA anubhAvana hai suyavinoyaumbAhulihUhi, vAmau loyaNu purai sarumahi / kuruliu vAyaseNa gharapaMgaNI, bhaNaiM sAvi prAhalliya niyamaNi / kurulahi kAI aliu asuhAvau, baMdhuprattu paradesaho paavr| 8. 1. 3-5 gayavaiyahi kammaiM milliI nayaNaiM hrisNsujlolliyii| piyakusalAkusalu karatiyaI cittaI saMdehaviuMbiyaiM // 8. 1. 11-12 bariNabai asujalolliyanayaraNauM pucchai puNavi sagaggiravayaNalaM maho ki sacca eu paI jaMpiu, kiMpi viyArahi karahi muhppiu| 8.2.1-2 viThTha vidu rahaseNa papAiya avaruppara prAvIliya saaiy| suparahiM asujalolliyanayariNahiM pucchiu kusalu suhAsiyavayariNahi / jhallaripaDahasaMkhanigdhosi, paTTaNi paisarati primosi| 8 3. 9-11 baMdhuyattu varabhavariNa paiTThau ukkaMThiyau jaNerahi viTThau / pANaMdasamAgamagambhiyaiM saMbhAsagavayagaI thbhiyiN| sahasatti na sakkiu joyaNihiM hrisNsugltthiyloynnihiN| 8. 4. 6-8 "pravAsa prAgata" kA eka "garva citra" taba ubharatA hai jaba hamArA pramukha pAtra ghara lauTatA hai / "smRti", "harSa", "prAvega", viSAda", "capalatA", "avizvAsa", "dainya", "vinaya", "jar3atA" prAdi bhAva sahavartI haiM aura "staMbha", "pralaya" prAdi sAttvika saMsRSTa / dukkhu dukkhu niyamaNi saMjoiu. puNu paNu puttaho vayaNa paloiu / hAkima vaNi hiMDiu asahAyau, mahu putta prajju paNu jAyau / hA girikaMdari kema paiTThA hA sunnauM puru bhamiuM apiTThau / hA puru sayalu jeNa saMghAriu kaha na teNa nisiyariNa viyAriu / hA sunnaMgaNi hoi uvadau paribhamaMti nisiyarau rauddau / ema karevi suira kUvArau, puNu puNu siru cuMbiu sayavArau / 9. 15

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jainavidyA 63 . aise hI eka "harSodvega" viniviSTa citra taba milatA hai jaba udvigna mAM ko putrAgamana kA saMdeza milatA hai / isa bhAvodaya kI rabhasapUrNa prakriyA meM mAM ko samhalanA kaThina ho jAtA hai / vaha "prAliMgana", "prAzISa", "azru", "svarabhaMga", "pAvega", "moha", 'jar3atA', 'zaithilya' se adhikRta ho jAtI hai, stanoM se dUdha bahane lagatA hai aura samullAsasamAroha se saMvAda hone lagatA hai taM nisuriNavi rahaseraNa padhAiya harisiM niyayasarIri na maaiy| sarahasu dinnu saNehAliMgaNu nivaDivi kama kamalahi thiu naMdaNa / muhadasaNu alahaMtaI nayaNaiM aMsu mumAiyAiM jiha rygii| levi sahatyiM saI uhAviu, nayahi muhadasaNasuhu pAviu / kira prAsIsa dei suhavArisiM tAma nirakhavAya aiharisiM / uccalivi muhakamalu niuMjai sannaI pavarAsIsa pauMjai / nimmaccharaNa karivi niyaputtahi, vahai khIra cauvIsahi suttahiM / suhamaMgalajalakuMbha samvAriya, dahivuvvaksaya siri sNcaariy| caMdaNadaNAI maMgallai ema saiMmi kIyaiM sumhllii| 9.7 kavi ne 'cintA', 'utsAha', 'prAzaMkA', 'tiraskAra', 'nirveda', 'glAni', 'viSAda', 'kRtajJatA', 'pazcAttApa' Adi saMcAriyoM se sahavartita tathA 'azru' 'vaivarya' Adi sAttvika bhAvoM se anubhAvita 'pravAsagata vAtsalya' kA eka 'smRti citra' taba ukerA hai jaba hamArA pramukha pAtra apane svajanoM ke sAhacarya ke lie caMcala dIkhatA hai sA niyajammabhUmi sumaraMtau niyajaNerivacchallu saraMtau / paricitai parivaDhiyasoeM, kAI eNa mahutaNaI vihoeN| acchai naraNaNi kahimi dukkhalliya bahudujjaraNadugvayahi salliya / jAiM suira citaviu suprAsaiM puttajammadohalayapiyAsaI / navamAsahi niyakuksihiM pariyau, puNu rauravakAlaho nIsariyau / niyasarIrIri paripaliu aNuviNa piyavayahiM dullAliu / tAhi kayAi na maiM kiu caMgau, prAyau dukkheM pUrivi aMgau / eu citaMtu kata duvvayaraNa pikkhivi bhaMsujalolliyanayaNau / saI vatthaMcaleNa piyakaMtae luhiya nayaNa trlaaviynittii| nosAsu muevi kiu vicchAyau muhakamalu / saMbhariu kuDubu tAe vi nayariNahi mukku jalu / 6.12 pravarappara pakkhAliya nayagaI avaruppara jaMpavi piyvygii| pravarappara niyamaNu sAhAriu "soya mahAjali" appau tAriu / 6.13 ettiu kAlu jAu suhasaMgau evvahi nitu ummAhiu aMgau / cirumukka ruprati jarapariNa paramasambhAvaraya / sA majha vinoi ki jIvai ki marivi gaya / 6.14

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jainavidyA - mAM to vAtsalyamayI hotI hI hai / kavi ne 'azaraNa', 'avizvAsa', 'AzaMkA', '' dainya', 'viSAda', 'smaraNa', 'glAni' Adi se sahavartita tathA 'svarabhaMga' evaM 'azru' Adi -64 sAtvikoM se anubhAvita eka 'udvega citra' taba ukerA hai jaba hamArA pramukha pAtra apanI mAM - ke sAmane pravAsa kI anumati ke lie bar3hA hai / jananI kor3ha meM naI khAja ko anubhava karatI huI siharane lagatI hai tarisuNevi sagaggiravayaraNI bharAI jari jaladdiyaraNayaraNI / hAi puta kAI para japiu siviragaMtari vi gAhiM mahu jaMpiu / ekka prakAraNi kuviya viyapyeM viSNu bharaNaMtu zraraNaMtu vAhu tau bappeM / praNu vitaraNa samau ta jaMtaho rigabbai khaNu vi gAhi mahu cittaho / ko jAraI kaNNamahAvisaha zraNuviNu dummaimohiyahaM / samavisa mahAvaha ataMraI vuTThasa vittihi dohiyaI / Age 'kAvyAbhiprAya' se yukta 'aruci', 'kRzatA', 'adhIratA', 'saMtApa', 'vyAdhi', 'pralApa', 'anAlaMbanatA' prAdi pravAsagata viyoga- dazAoMoM se garbhita evaM 'glAni', 'dainya', 'maraNa' Adi saMcAriyoM se sahavartita eka 'abhilASAMcitra' kavi taba khar3A karatA hai jaba vaha svayaM usa 'duhabhAyaraNa' ke 'bahudukkhuppAyaraNa' para grATha-ATha prasU bahAnA prArambha karatA hai praccha dukkha mahAvikhittI supravidhoijAlolipalittI / grAsaNu sayaNu vayaNu nau bhAvai siDhilavalaya vAyasu uDDAvai / DivAyasa jaya kapi viyAragAha bhavisayattu maha paMgaNi prANahi / fe as haMmi divasutaM hosai jahi so sarahasu sAiu besaha / kru ema eu piyasaMga evaha khalavihi vinaDai aMgau / gayauri samvau tiyau saunnaDaM niyabhattAraputtaparipunnajaM / kAvi na mai jehI duhabhAyaraNa suhisayaraNahaM bahudukkhappAyaraNa / ema runaMti sarIru kilesaha vayaniyamahaM uvavAsahi sosaha / fat fasis kA graha melahi puttu 3.10 ravi kiu prabhuddharaNu / graha saMkhavi dai maraNu / 6.1 eka 'karuNodvega' kA citra kavi ne taba ubhArA hai jaba hamArA pramukha pAtra pravAsa se nahIM pahuMcatA hai aura usake sAthI pahuMca jAte haiN| usakI mAtA ardha mArga meM baiThakara hI dhAha dene lagatI hai / yahAM 'smRti', 'tiraskAra', 'glAni', 'udvega', 'utkaMThA', 'pralApa', 'maraNa' zrAdi saMcArI haiM tathA 'svarabhaMga' evaM 'prabhu' zrAdi sAttvika aura 'hAthoM meM sira denA', 'vidhi ko gAliyAM denA', 'rAste meM baiThakara rone-cillAne laganA', 'zaithilya se adhikRta ho jAnA Adi kAyika anubhAva haiM--

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jaina vidyA kara mauli karevi karvADa para vippiNu siriraNa / saMkhuhiyamaraNeNa jaMpa jaMpiu kiMpi sagaggariga / taho jaMpato vayaNu paloivi thiya kavoli karayalu saMjoivi / nau suMdara cavaMtaho vayaragaI, thoraMsuryAha niruddhaI nayaI / ki saMghaTT biru citie prakusalu kiMpi jAu viNu bhatie / hA vivarIu jAu vihi buTThiya rulughulaMti sahasatti samuTThiya / ghami na patta samubhiyavAhihi zraddhavahijji viNiggayadhA hihiM / hA putta puta ukkaMThiyaha ghoraMtari kAli pariTThiyahi / ko pikafa maNu prabhuddharami mahi vivaru behi ji paisarami / hA puvvajammi kiu kAI maI nihivaMsariga jaM nayaragaI hayaI / hA putta nayari baddhAvaraNauM mahu dorAhi vayaNu dayAvaraNauM / miliya sayalasayarahaM sayaraga hauM muddha ekka para vIramaraNa / hA putta bAla kIlaI suhaiM evaha tAiMmi vinatu maI / hA 65 8.11.9-10 pariyariga piyavayarihi jaNu raMjai sAhu vicittaguNehiM praNuhuMjai / jAI piyamuha suhavA mohaNu mariNa citiu saha surayArohaNu / laliu Isi Isi avara uNu praharakavolakaMThaurakhaMDa | muha sikkArakariNaraurakaMpaNu sarahasu sasalilaramaraNasamappaNu / kararuhapaMtipulayaparijaMvaNu paraNayarosamaya rosa niru bhaNu / boraNAlA varaNageyaparikkhaNu kuDilaviyAri sarosanirikkhaNu / dinnapaharapapiharapacchiNu pralayagAhapaDigAhasamicchan / vigbhamabhAvaphuriyanaharekkhaNu maMdarAyabahurAya viyakkhaNu / piyaparihAsavAsavihaDAvaNu mayaNukkovaragupayaDAvaNu / baMdhakararaNavAvAraviyaMbhaNu suhakarakaMsasamayarasathaMbhaNu / aura vibhAva-saundarya "saMbhAvanA" kA viSaya hai 8.12.4-10 8.13 afe prANu hoviNu ghAiu maM parabhavariNa bosu uppAyara / to vari kavi viraNa paDivAlivi pacchai mami behu prapphAlivi / 8.16.2-3 rati tathA sajAtIya bhAva - 'saMyoga zRMgAra' kA eka 'bhautika citra' taba dIkha par3atA hai jaba kavi dhanapati ko apanI dUsarI patnI ke rati-vIci vilAsa meM prAkaMTha nimagna hone ke varNana kA upakrama karatA hai / samagra citra 'hAva', 'bhAva', 'helA', 'vibhrama', 'pulaka', 'parihAsa', 'rabhasa', 'roSa', sparza' prAdi se dIpta hai aura 'prAliMgana', 'sItkAra' 'hRdaya kaMpa', 'samarpaNa', 'bandhakaraNa' Adi se dhvanita 3.3

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66 jainavidyA puSiNamaiMdaradasasivayaNI daMtapaMtipahapahasiyavayaNI / sayalakalAkalAvasaMpugNI pahiNavalacchi nAiM pravaiNNI / bAlamarAlalolagaigAmiriNa sA kiya NiyaparivAraho saaminni| 3.2 'pUrvAnurAga' kA eka 'vyAdhi-citra' taba ubharatA hai jaba 'vajjoyara' kI duhitA 'dhanamitta' ke anurAga meM 'abhilASA' 'cintA', 'aruci', 'jar3atA', 'zUnyatA', 'saMtApa', 'guNakathana', 'nidrAccheda', 'pAnAza', 'viSaya-nivRtti', 'nayana-prIti', 'tanutA' prAdi avasthAoM ko pAra karatI huI 'madanaveza', 'aMgavakratA', 'bAlacuMbana' Adi kAryakalApoM dvArA prAkarSaNa kA athaka prayatna karatI hai bAlakumAraho samuhuM paloI pariNamisanayaNa vayaNu avloyii| tAha vihimi ahilasiyaI cittaI bihimi gayaI sNdehcrittii| yammahasarahaM viroliu aMgau citaMtihi tahi surayapasaMgau / ekA bAla suruvi sohai taNa ijjati nirAriu mohai / dUsaha mayaNAvesu vibaha gali lAivi bhiu pariuMbaha / moiaMgu viyAhiM bhajjai pahupaMgaNi paisaMti viljji| 19.3.5-11 sahiyari nika vivaraNammaraNa vIsahi ki ujjavaraNa kiMpi silIsahi / kisiyaI tura, mukhi bAhulayaI siDhilai paribhamaMti mnnivlyii| kesakalAu khaMdhi proNallai parimokkatu niyaMvi pAyallai / phuTTA praharu susai muhapaMkau nayaNa nau joyaMti prasaMkau / 19.4 'IrSyAmAna' kA eka 'cintA citra' taba milatA hai jaba dhanapati kA kamalazrI ke prati mAkarSaNa manda ho jAtA hai| yaha 'vitarka', 'ciMtA', 'viSaya', 'viSAda', 'saMdeha', 'capalatA' Adi saMcAriyoM se sahavartita hai taM piksivi milliya maMdarasu caliu pimmu priyttgurinn| raNaraNauM vahati mahacchimai bahuviyappa citavai maNi / eu praunna kipi pravisidiu ehau maI Na kayAivi vidura / guraNIhimi guNaprattaM tihi sai, uvayArivi tunvayariNahiM dUsai / evahiM kAI karami hauM prAyaho, nikkAraNi viNaTThasaMkeyaho / pahilau darisivi atulu saNehu nimmalaguNahaM bhareviNa dehu / / ejvahi kakkasa lIla payAsiya kiM huma aNNa kAvi piybhaasiy| . 2.5 'mati', 'vibodha' Adi bhAvoM se raMjita 'saMkIrNa zRMgAra' kA eka mukhara citra taba dIkha par3atA hai jaba dhanapati kamalazrI ke caraNoM meM girakara kSamAyAcanA karatA hai| harSAzrunoM se citra pAnIdAra ho gayA hai

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janavidyA jaM emavi na dinnu paccantara vayariNahi saghaNanAmahi / taM dunvisahu sahivi nau sakkiu salliu kAmabANAhi / to avaloivi tahiM vayaNabhaMgu paya parivi nivesiu uttamaMgu / lai khamiuM khamiuM puvvAvarAhu paya milli milli maM karahi gaahu| 12.11 bhaNiyaM ca putti mANaM no kIrai vippie aNuppanne / mukhe aiTThasalile emeva na muccae kheddii| pariNayaMtaho kaMtaho lajja vahaMtaho mANiNi mAraNalaM jA karai / tahiM teNa ji bosi aMtari rosi so piuhatthaho uttrh| .. 12.12 'pravAsa' kA pratIpavAsagarbha artha eka citra taba milatA hai jaba dhanapati kamalazrI se vimukha hokara vyavahAra kI 'komalatA', 'guNakathana', 'keliparihAsa'. 'mAna', 'pralayaroSa' Adi sabhI ko tilAMjali detA hai jo ciru piyapesalaI cavaMtau muhamuheNa taMbolu khivaMtau / praNadiNu piyavAvArapasaMsau, tahu vaTTai pAlAvaNi sNsu| jo parihAsaI keli karatau paraNayasamiya mANu sihrNtu| so baTTA paricattasaNehau tA ki hoi Na hoi va jehu| . 2.4 'pravAsodvaiga' kA eka citra taba milatA hai jaba hamAre pradhAna pAtra kI vAgdattA kA apaharaNa ho jAtA hai aura vaha 'aMgoM kA prasauSThava', 'saMtApa', 'mUrkhA', 'aruci', 'adhIratA', 'anAlaMbanatA', 'durbalatA' prAdi avasthAnoM ko bhogatI huI ekaniSTha banI rahatI hai aNNuvi jaNi maccariu paMyapai navi keraNavi samANa sA jaMpai / nau vihasai nau taNu siMgArai nau loyaNahaM aMsu viriNavArai / acchA pariya garuyaumvevai jaNa saMdehu karai jIvevvai / 9.9 puruSa bhI apavAda nahIM hai| usase saMbaMdhita pravAsa premokrega citra bhI 'saMtApa', 'mUrchA', 'jar3atA,' 'smRti', 'anAlaMbanatA', 'pAMDutA', 'durbalatA', 'aruci', 'tanmayatA', mAdi kAmAvasthAnoM se aMtarita hai dUsahapiyavimoyasaMtattau mucchaI pttu| sIyalamA9eNa vaNi vAiu taNu appaaiu| karayali nAyamudda saMjoivi puNa puNu joivi| teNa paheNa puNu vi saMcalliu virahiM salliu / dummaNu taM paiTTha varamaMdira nynnaannNdir| piyahi payallayAI pariyacchai sA na niyacchai /

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jaina vidyA sumarivi vAravAra ummAiya paMcamu gAiya / bunnau nAhi kovi saMbhAlai visau nihAlai / .. piyavirahAnaleNa saMtattau so hiMDaMtau / 7.8 'smRti', 'utsAha', prautsukya', 'cintA', 'dainya', prAdi saMcAriyoM se sahavartita 'mAtRbhUmi rati' kA eka citra taba milatA hai jaba sArtha saMkaTagrasta hotA hai niyajammabhUmi sumaraMtaihiM dUraMtara hiyai dharatihiM / sahaesaho savaDammuha humahiM ummAhau kiu variNavarasuvahiM / cavaha kovi saMbharivi saesaho macchar3a hosaiccheu kilesaho / kovi bhaNaiM parivaddhiyamaMgalu prajjavi mitta dUri kurujNglu| kovi bhaNaiM provAiya desahaM jai duttara mayaraharu naresahaM / 7.1,2 bhakti tathA sajAtIyabhAva-"bharata ke nATyazAstra meM bhakti ko zAnta meM samAviSTa kara liyA gayA hai20 jisake viruddha rasagaMgAdharakAra ne Apatti uThAI hai, zANDilyabhakti sUtra, nArada bhakti sUtra aura zrIdharI TIkA 4 isako svataMtra pratiSThA ke pakSadhara haiM / pAlocya kRti meM bhI 'utsAha' 'mati', 'vibodha', 'dhRti', 'nirveda', 'smRti', 'vizvAsa' prAdi bhAvoM se puSTa bhakti ke ekAneka udAharaNa haiM maho jaNa mariNa sayajju paricitaho maM gharavAsi dmmho| svaraNapariyattavisamasamasaMkulagai saMsAra dhmmho| maMDalavai jAsu karaMti seva baMdiggahi pAviu sovi kemva / jo gijjai geyaviyakkhaDhaM paribhamaI sovi sahuM rakkhaNehi / huu bahumaMDalavainaravaridu uccAiu niyasuhisayaNavindu / ehau jANeviNa maccaloi maM karahu gavvu saMpayavihoi / 14.20 isakA pAnuSThAnikabhAga bhI atyanta prasanna aura samarpaNapUrNa hai 16.1 siricaMdappahanAhu dIvaMtara bhvisridi| ahisiu kallANi paramesara jema suridi| maraNavayakAyanivesiyacitti pavaraghUvavAseNa vicitti / deviNa dIvajutti aMgArai rnnrnnNtghNttaattNkaari| uccallivi pasannathuivaryANa aguvAsiya parivAsiyavAraNa / bahiSayapAyasakhaiyanimoeM pupphkkhyphldlsNjoeN| taMvayapatti karivi aNurAeM uccalliu prArattiu raaeN| jalakusumaMjali devI bhushruttuggingirenn| makkhayaphalaghusiNehiM nimmacchiu nAhu nareNa / ___16.2

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jainavidyA 69 utsAha tathA sajAtIyabhAva-'yuddhavIra' kA eka 'sateja citra' taba upalabdha hotA hai jaba hamArA pradhAna pAtra saMgrAma samAraMbha meM dattacitta hotA hai| 'prautsukya' 'amarSa', 'garva', 'asUyA', 'mada', 'harSa', 'pAvega' prAdi bhAva-lahariyAM isakI sahavartI haiM guDiya mahAgaiMda pakvariya turaMgamajutta rahavarA / bhaDa sannaDa baDaviDhapariyara duurukkhittrgbhraa| to tammi kAle bhauchaDavamAle mahAjohakUre duhukkaMtatUre / bale appamANe susannajjhamAraNe raNe nosaraMte bhayaM vIsaraMte / maho vappayaMto pamAraNaM caDaMto pasAyaM cavaMto viyppNtcitto| sajjiyajayamaMgale ghosiyamaMgale pikkhivi puttahotariNaya siy| dharaNavaihariyahiM paisiyavattahiM chaDiya vaNi vAvAra kiya / 14.8 yuddha ke sAtha 'jugupsA' kA avinAbhAvI saMbaMdha hai| dhUlibhare raNAMgaNa meM kevala huMkAra sunAI par3atI hai| dharatI rakta-kardama se bharI hai| aMdhakAra aura dhvani kI bhayaMkaratA yuddha prasAra ko iMgita karate haiN| 'pramoha', abhimAna' aura 'mAtsarya' kA kaisA saMkara hai to harikharakhuraggasaMghaTTi chAiu raNa atorse| eM bhaDamaccharaggisaMdhukkaraNamatamaMdhayAraNe / dhUlIrau gayaNaMgaNa bharaMtu uhiu jagu aMdhArau krNtu| nau vIsai prappu na parusakhaggu na gaiMdu na turau na gayaNamaggu / tehaivi kAli avisaTTamoha huMkArahu paharu mu_ti joh| . kivi pAhaNaMti visI bahu muNevi gayagajjiu hayahi siu sunnevi| kivi kokkivi paDisaddaho calaMti prasimudie niyaloyaNa malaMti / dhAvaMtu kovi ahiyAhimANu gayavaMtahi bhinnu apicchamANa / katthA paharAuraprayasamoha gayaghara payaTTa nihati joha / rau naTTha vihaMDiu bhaDakhaleNa mahi muddiya varaNasoriNayajaleNa / to gapaghaupilliu suhahiM bhilliu avaruppara kappariyataNu / sarajAlomAliu paharakarAliu bhamarAvatti bhamiuM rnn| 14.14 koSa tathA sajAtIyabhAva-'ugratA', 'amarSa', 'udvega', 'caMcalatA', 'mada', 'prasUyA', 'zubha', 'prAtmAvadAna', 'smRti', 'mAvega' Adi bhAvavIciyoM se parivRtta 'raudra citra' taba milatA hai jaba hamAre pradhAna pAtra ko jAti kI kAyaratA se jor3akara apamAnita kiyA jAtA hai jo vaharivaraMgaNahiyayasallu samaraMgaNi jo muhalohamallu / tuhUM puNu naranAhaho jaivi mannu vAriNayau vRttu puNu kAiM annu /

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70 taM vayaNu suNeviNu bhavisayattu niyakula vivAyaparihaviraNa tattu / prAvesavesa viSphuriyanayaNu jaMpiu sarosu niDDariyavayaNu / kulakittiviraNAsaNu mailiyasAsaNu ki bullAviu ehu khalu / nisArivi ghalluhu lai galathallaho pAvau niyaduvvayaraNa phalu / e vi mariNa sarosu cittaMgaho vayaraMga thiu vicittano / annuvi niyajaru piriMgabiu huvabahu jiha palittano sahamaMDavi maI ullaviDa ema hauM parabali bhiDami kayaMtu jema / hauM vairivaraMgaraNa hiyayasallu samaraMgariga hauM mahalohamallu / ! 13.8,9 bhaya tathA sajAtIyabhAva - 'smRti', 'zaMkA', 'cintA', 'glAni', 'prAvega', 'trAsa', 'jugupsA', 'viSAda,' 'dainya' Adi saMcAriyoM se sahavartita evaM 'svarabhaMga', 'kaMpa', 'azru' Adi sAttvikoM se anubhAvita eka 'huMkAra citra' taba milatA hai jaba hamAre pramukha pAtra kI vAgdattA prApabItI sunAne kA upakrama karatI hai - taM niyayakuDuMba sumarivi aMgaI halliyaI / huA gaggiravAya nayaragaI zraMsujalolliyaI / bahupraccha riyavayara saMkhutti kiu huMkAru puNu vi vaNiutta / phuti cavas migaloyaraNa heTThAmuhamuhakamalapaloyaraga / prAvai suru itthu balavaMtau so paribhamahaM nayada jagatau / paTTariNa te salu jaNu mAriu vala viTTivi samuddi saMcAriu / keraNa vi kAraNeraNa khaladuTThi hauM parihariya teraNa pAviTThi / puNu vi puNu vi maM bhIsivi milliya, pracchami terA itthu ikkalliya / suMdara tu vikhaNu vimaM thakkahi, lahu madda lehi jAhi jai sakkahi / 5.12, 13 'vibhAvana' bhI kama saMtrAsaka nahIM hai jaina vidyA so nievi jAlolibhayaMkara praggiphulidadatu sayasakkara / virasu mukku huMkAra bhayAvaNu kuruDakayaMtalIlavarisAvaNu / to ghari kiu loyAcAra jAma huna kittiseNa nijjIva tAma / jarie chaDiu bhattArasoDa bolaggu tAhi gharasayalulou / nau rugrai na kaMbai pracalabiTThi gau saparivAra dharamittu siTTi / jo dhamittaho vayaNa iTTha zrosariu kaluNu kaMviu praNi / 5.18 zoka tathA sajAtIyabhAva - 'karuNa' kA eka 'anAvalaMbana citra' taba upalabdha hotA hai jaba 'bajjoyara' kI mRtyu para kIrtisenA bhAvazUnya ho jAtI hai / 'vyAdhi', 'glAni', 'moha', 'smRti', 'dainya', 'cintA', 'viSAda' Adi bhAvavIciyAM eka hI adhiSThAna meM ahamahamikA vRtti se ekatra haiM

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janavidyA hA bhAi paDiu dumbisahu ghAu, aMdhAriu jagu atyAmiuM tAu / pasariu vAmohatamohajAlu prasaraNu uttara paDivannu kAlu / pAlijja bihimi jaraparigahuM saNehu hauM evahiM uvasaMgharami behu / kulagoMdali tAsu vasivi saNehaparaMparaI / aNuhUyaI jAI tAiMmi huI bhyNkrii| 20.6 sumitrA kA zoka bhI 'vyAdhi', 'glAni', 'moha', 'smRti', 'dainya', 'cintA', 'viSAda', 'prAtmAvamAna' Adi bhAvalahariyoM se sahavartita hai hA caMcala paDa vagayasaNeha kahu milliya hau kaMTaiyaveha / gharagavai vigu pattie taM ji gehu pikkhai pajalaMtu vahaMtu deha / nivai appANau kAuM doNu tau karivi na sakkami ha nihiinnu| / suppahadharaNIdharapamuha kumbara na paranti aMsa na niyaMti avr| . tA robai tAra sutariyAu niyavamgaho naM prosaariyaau| 22.3 _ nirveda aura sajAtIyabhAva-'protsukya', 'utsAha', 'ti', 'mati', 'glAni', 'danya' prAdi saMcAriyoM se sahavartita 'nirveda' kA 'vibodha citra' taba milatA hai jaba hamArA pramukha pAtra saMsAra-tyAga kI bhAvanA se udvelita hotA hai thiu rAu paramakAraNaviyappu prigliyvihvmaahppurppu| .! bhAvivi pariNacca caMcala vihou takavariNa prosariu sayalu lou| 21.1 kyoMki cammaTTi sarIru nirvADa jAi masAriNa khau / maha niyamaguhi teraNa ji lagbhai paramapau / 20.9 taba utAvalI kevala yaha hai aura upadeza bhI yaha hai saMsAri prasAri jIu prasAsau calu vihau / taM kijjai mitta jaM pAvijjai paramapau / 18.1 prataH sabhI bhAva-vIciyAM prasanna aura prazasta kakSA kI haiM, paryApta vegavAn anubhUti bhI aura vicAra bhii| anubhUti meM prakriyA hai, tanmayatA hai, ataH badalAva ke lie prAnaMda aura mukti / prAdarza meM badalAva hai, ataH prAsvAda se prAsvAdya kI pratiSThA / 'bhavisayattakahA' kA bhI yahI lakSya hai|

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72 1. zRMgAra prakAza - 1.4.10 2. haribhaktirasAmRtasindhu - zlo0 1 3. prIta sandarbha - vibhAga 11 4. atharvaveda - 10. 8. 44 5. vRhadAraNyakopaniSad 4. 3. 32 6. vahI 4. 3.21 7. nATyazAstra 7.6 8. vahI 6.38 9. dazarUpaka 2. 1 10. prameyakramalamArtaNDa - pR0 - 8, 11, 38-43 11. pramANanayatatvAlokAlaMkAra - pR0 - 26 jainatarkavArtika, pR0 - 60 syAdvAdamaMjarI - pR0 - 166 12. kathA jo sakala loka hitakArI soi pUchana caha sailakumArI / - 13. sneha prakRti preyAn / 14. uttamasyAnuttame ratirvAtsalyam / 15. zrRMgAravIrakaruNA mutaraudrahAsyavIbhatsa vatsala bhayAnakazAntanAmnaH / mAnasa, 1107 16. zAntovAhyabhidhaH pazcAt vAtsalyAkhyastataH param / 17. sphuTaM camatkAritayA vatsalaM ca rasaM viduH / 18. pranye tu karuNA sthAyI vAtsalya dazamo'pi ca / 19. prasya mamakAraH sthAyI / 20. ataeva Izvara prANidhAna - viSayebhakti zraddha smRtimatidhRtyutsAhAnupravaSTebhyo'nya* vAMga miti na tayoH pRthaprasatvena gaNanam - nA. zA. 21. ratirdevAdiviSayAvyabhicArI tathAjitaH / bhAva prokta: 22. sAbarAnurakti: Izvare - zAMDilyasUtra 23. sAtu prasmin paramapremarUpA - nAradabhakti sUtra 24. raudrAdbhutau ca zRMgAro hAsyaM vIrodayastathA ************** jaina vidyA rasagaMgAdhara / bhayAnakazca vIbhatsaH zAntaH sapremabhaktikaH / - zrImad bhAgavata, zrIdharI TIkA

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bhavisayattakahA kA kathArUpa -DaoN0 gadAdharasiMha kathA utanI hI prAcIna hai jitanI sRSTi / apane janma se lekara mRtyu-paryanta mAnava prakRti ke kor3a meM kilakatA, vihaMsatA, prAnanda manAtA aura anta meM usI ke prAMcala kI zItala sAyA meM sadA ke lie cira-zAnti meM lIna ho jAtA hai| kathA kI kalA use prakRti se prApta hotI hai / vRkSoM ke hilane meM, kaliyoM ke sparza se unmatta hokara bahanevAle pavana kI gati meM, kUloM ko dhvasta kara ucchRkhala bhAva se bahanevAlI saritAoM ke aTTahAsa meM eka kathA hai| nAnI kI goda meM baiThakara bAlaka jisa jijJAsA-bhAva se kathA sunatA hai vaha jijJAsA usake rakta ke aNu-aNu meM AjIvana vidyamAna rahatI hai| jisa bhAvanA ko manuSya kisI anya mAdhyama se dUsaroM taka nahIM pahuMcA sakatA use bar3I prAsAnI se vaha kathAoM ke mAdhyama se pahuMcA detA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sAhitya meM kathA ko itanA UMcA sthAna prApta hai| .. ... . apabhraMza meM kathA kA vipula sAhitya nirmita huA hai| isa vizAla kathA-sAhitya meM kucha to vratamAhAtmyamUlaka haiM, kucha upadezAtmaka haiM aura kucha premAkhyAnaka / inake atirikta kucha racanAeM aisI bhI haiM jo kathAoM ke saMkalana haiM aura kAvyarUpa meM upalabdha haiN| apabhraMza kathA-sAhitya kI mahattvapUrNa racanAeM haiM-bhavisayattakahA, jinadattakahA,

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1 . jainavidyA vilAsavaIkahA, siripAlakahA, sattavasaNakahA, sugaMdhadahamIkahA, paumacariu, sadasaNacariu, jinadattacaupaI, kahAkosu, puNNAsavakahAkosu Adi / prAcArya hemacandra ne apane kAvyAnuzAsana (8.7-8) meM kathA,ke upAkhyAna, pAkhyAna, nidarzana, pravahnikA, maMthalikA, maNikulyA, parikathA, khaMDakathA, sakalakathA aura vRhatkathAye dasa bheda batAye haiN| unhoMne pAkhyAyikA aura kathA meM antara spaSTa karate hue kahA hai ki pAkhyAyikA kA nAyaka khyAta hotA hai / usameM ucchavAsa hote haiM aura vaha saMskRta gadya meM likhI jAtI hai jaise-harSacarita / isake viparIta kathA kA nAyaka dhIrazAMta hotA hai| vaha gadya-para donoM meM likhI jA sakatI hai jaise-kAdambarI yA lIlAvatI / / jaina-sAhitya meM pAtroM ke AdhAra para bhI kathAnoM kA vibhAjana huA hai- 1. divya 2. mAnuSa aura 3. divyamAnuSa / divyakathA vaha hai jisake pAtra devatA, gandharva, yajJa, vidyAdhara prAdi divya-loka ke nivAsI hote haiN| mAnuSakathA ke pAtra apanI durbalatAnoM tathA viziSTatAmoM se yukta isI dharatI ke manuSya hote haiN| divyamAnuSa kathAnoM ke pAtra devatA tathA manuSya donoM hote haiM / alaukika-zakti-sampanna ye devatA manuSya kI taraha socate, vicArate tathA prAcaraNa karate dikhAye jAte haiN| udyotanasUri ne kuvalayamAlA meM sthApatya ke prAdhAra para kathAnoM ke ye pAMca bheda kie haiM-sakalakathA, khaNDakathA, ullApakathA, parihAsakathA aura saMkIrNakathA / sakalakathA prAdhunika upanyAsa aura laghu kahAnI ke bIca kI cIja hai| prAcArya prAnandavardhana ne bhI isakI svIkRti dI hai / khaNDakathA kA ullekha agnipurANa- (337.12) tathA dhvanyAloka (3.7) meM bhI huA hai| yaha kathA Adhunika kahAnI kI taraha hotI hai jisameM jIvana kA eka laghucitra upasthita kiyA jAtA hai ullApakathA sAhasika kathA hai / parihAsakathAeM hAsya evaM vyaMgya kA sRjana karatI haiM / saMkIrNa yA mizra kathA sabhI kathAnoM kA milA-julA rUpa hotA hai| isa taraha se kathAnoM kA vargIkaraNa jisa rUpa meM huA hai vaha vastutaH rUr3himAtra hai / apabhraMza meM kathA-sAhitya kA vikAsa jisa rUpa meM huA hai usa rUpa meM ye vibhAjana Aropita mAtra lagate haiN| apabhraMza meM kathA, carita, mahAkAvya prAdi sabhI ke mela se eka aisI-kAvya vidhA kA nirmANa huA hai jise baMdhI-baMdhAI paribhASAnoM ke caukhaTe meM prAbaddha nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isa prakAra ke kathA-kAvyoM kA kathAnaka do bhAgoM meM baMTA huA hotA hai -prathama bhAga meM lokakathA evaM premakathA kI sarasatA hotI hai aura dvitIya bhAga meM kathAnaka dharmakathA kA rUpa le letA hai| dhanapAla kI bhavisayattakahA meM ina donoM pravRttiyoM kA samanvita rUpa dikhAI par3atA hai| unhoMne laukika nijandharI kathAoM ke sAtha jainadharma ke siddhAntoM ko

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janavidyA 75 isa prakAra ghulA-milA diyA hai ki ve aAkarSaka ho gaye haiN| dhanapAla mAtra kavi hI nahIM varan eka dharmanetA bhI haiN| ve jAnate haiM ki sAmAnya jana hRdaya darzana ke zuSka siddhAMtoM kI apekSA sarasa bhAvAtmaka sAhitya se adhika prabhAvita hotA hai / isI kAraNa unhoMne laukika pAkhyAnoM ko dharmarUpa aura dhArmika prasaMgoM ko laukika rUpa pradAna kiyA hai| hindI ke sUphI kaviyoM ne Age calakara yahI paddhati apnaayii| unhoMne bhI sUphI dharma ke mUlabhUta siddhAntoM kI vyAkhyA karane tathA apane mata kA upadeza dene ke lie loka meM pracalita premakathAnakoM kA prAzraya liyaa| jAyasI ke padmAvata kI mUla preraNA kyA thI aura unhoMne bhavisayattakahA yA jainoM dvArA racita kathAkAvyoM se kitanA kucha grahaNa kiyA yaha zodha kA viSaya hai kintu itanA spaSTa hai ki apane dhArmika siddhAntoM ke pracAra ke lie ina sUphiyoM ne una laukika nijandharI kathAnoM kA prAdhAra liyA thA jinakI paramparA kA satrapAta yoM to bahuta pUrva hI ho gayA thA kintu usa dhArA kA vyApaka vistAra jaina kaviyoM dvArA humA, jinameM dhanapAla kA viziSTa mahattva hai / ataH yaha kahanA ki premakathAnoM kA sUtrapAta sUphiyoM ke dvArA huA hai aura ve bhArata kI bhUmi meM ropI gayI arabI kalama haiM, ucita nahIM hai| DA0 zambhUnAtha siMha ne 'bhavisayattakahA' ko romAMcaka zailI kA mahAkAvya mAnA - hai kintu isameM prabandha-kAvya, kathA, pAkhyAyikA, caritakAvya, dharmakathA sabhI tattvoM kA samAveza humA hai| isa paramparA kA vikAsa gosvAmI tulasIdAsa ke 'mAnasa' meM bhI milatA hai| unakA mAnasa kathA bhI hai, carita bhI, purANa bhI, aura kAvya to sarvopari hai hii| ve svayaM kahate haiM (ka) rAmakathA maMdAkinI (kha) maiM jimi kathA suni bhavamocini (ga) karahu~ kathA muda maMgala mUlA (gha) bhASAbaMdha karaba maiM sAIM (Ga) bhASA nibandha mati maMjula mAta nIti (ca) rAmacarita mAnasa aihinAmA (cha) kahaM raghupati ke carita apArA ityAdi / racanAkAra ne "bhavisayattakahA" ko kathA kahA hai-nisuNaMtahaM eha himmala puraNapavittakaha (1.4) / yaha kathana satya bhI hai kyoMki isakA lakSya zrutapaMcamI vrata kA mAhAtmya pariNata karanA hai| kathA ke anta meM vrata kA phala . batAyA gayA hai| upadezAtmaka varNana, dhArmika vivecana, siddhAnta-kathana, karmaphala kI pradhAnatA Adi ke kAraNa isakA rUpa dharmakathA kA hai| isake atirikta isameM carita-kAvya kI vizeSatAeM bhI sannihita haiN| apabhraMza ke carita-kAvyoM kI viziSTatA hai-kathAvastu meM vyAsa kA samAveza / kathAvastu meM do tattva hote haiM - mAyAma aura vyAsa / prAyAma se tAtparya hai sampUrNa jIvana ko prAyatakara sIdhI rekhA meM gatizIla honevAlI kathA aura jaba saMgharSoM ke utpanna hone se kathAvastu vibhinna ghaTanAoM ke tAne-bAne bunane lagatI hai taba "vyAsa" guNa utpanna hotA hai| caritakAvyoM meM kathA kA prAyAma choTA aura vyAsa vistRta hotA hai / mUla kathAnaka ke cune tathyoM ke atirikta loka meM idhara-udhara vyApta deza, kAla aura vyakti sambandhI una tathyoM ko prastuta karanA jinase nAyaka kA koI gaurava cAhe vaha vIratvasUcaka prazavA tyAga sUcaka ho-vyakta hotA ho, caritakAvyoM ke lie anivArya hai|

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janavidyA 'bhavisayattakahA' meM pAzcAtya samIkSA ke zIla vaicitrya ko acchI taraha dekhA jA sakatA hai / isameM eka mahanIya carita apane kAvyAtmaka vAtAvaraNa evaM paristhitiyoM ke vibhinna vyApAroM ke sAtha citrita huA hai / carita-kAvyoM kI zailI ke anurUpa vaktA-zrotA paramparA ke rUpa meM isa kathA ko likhA gayA hai / vaktA haiM gaNadhara gautama aura zrotA haiM rAjA zreNika / kurujaMgala deza, bhUpAla nAmaka rAjA aura dhanapAla nAmaka vANik ke caritavarNana ke sAtha kathA kA prArambha kiyA gayA hai / paramparA ke anusAra isameM maMgalAcaraNa, sajjana-prazaMsA, durjana-nindA, kAvya-racanA kA prayojana, pratyeka saMdhi ke prArambha meM deva-vandanA tathA anta meM prAtma-paricaya, nAyaka ke sAhasika kRtyoM, romAMcaka yAtrAoM tathA pratimAnavIya zaktiyoM kA kAvyAtmaka varNana prastuta kiyA gayA hai| * loka-kAvyoM tathA carita-kAvyoM kI taraha isameM kathAnaka rUr3hiyoM kA pUrNatayA samAveza kiyA gayA hai jaise--sautelI mAtA kI IrSyA, bhAI kA vizvAsaghAta, nAyaka kA nirjana nagarI meM pahuMcanA, daitya dvArA bandinI banAyI gaI rAjakumArI kA nAyaka dvArA udAra, nAyaka kA rAjakumArI se vivAha. navavadha kA apaharaNa, nAyikA ke zIla kI rakSA. alaukika zaktiyoM kI sahAyatA se nAyikA kI prApti, muni se meMTa, pUrvabhavoM kA varNana, vimAna-yAtrA, pUrvabhava ke mitroM dvArA saMkaTa meM nAyaka kI sahAyatA, zubha-azubha zakuna, pakSI dvArA saMdeza bhejA jAnA ityAdi-ityAdi / "bhavisayattakahA" kI zailI mahAkAvya kI zailI hai| isakI 22 saMdhiyoM tathA 344 kaDavakoM meM jIvana kA sampUrNa vRtta AlaMkArika zailI meM nibaddha huA hai| prabandha-kAvyoM kI chanda-yojanA, varNanazailI tathA kAvya-rUDhiyoM kA sampUrNa samAveza isameM hai| yaha racanA kaDavaka-baMdha-zailI meM racita hai| pajjhaTikA yA aDilla chaMda kI aneka paMktiyAM likhakara anta meM ghattA kA dhra vaka denA kaDavaka hai / kaDavakasamUha se saMdhi nirmita hotI hai aura cAra paddhaDikA chanda se eka kaDavaka-kaDavaka samUhAtmaka: saMdhistasyAdau / catubhiH, paddhaDikADugchandobhi; kaDavakam / (hema chando'nuzAsana 6.1 TIkA) / paddhaDikA solaha mAtrA kA samamAtrika catuSpadI chaMda hai jisakA antima catuSkala prAkRta paiMgalam (1.125) ke anusAra payodhara (1S1, jagaNa) honA Avazyaka hai / hemacandra pAdAnta meM jagaNa kA honA anivArya nahIM mAnate / kavidarpaNakAra (2 37) ne kaDavaka-vidhAna ke lie paddhaDiyA chaMda kA honA hI anivArya nahIM mAnA hai, dUsare chaMda bhI ho sakate haiM / - paddhaDikAdichandAMsi catvAri catvAri kaDavakam / prAdi zabdAdvadanAdiparigraha teSAM ca kaDavakAnAM gaNasaMdhi saMjJA / svayaMbhU ne pAdAkulaka aura aDilla chaMda kA prayoga kaDavakavidhAna meM kiyA hai / bhavisayattakahA meM paddhaDikA kA vyApaka rUpa meM prayoga hai kintu isake

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jaina vidyA sAtha hI aDilla chaMda (1.12-16 saMdhi 2 sampUrNa) kA bhI prayoga huA hai / AThavIM saMdhi kA terahavAM kaDavaka siMhAvalokana chaMda meM huA hai / eka kaDavaka kitane padoM kA ho, isakA nizcita niyama nahIM hai / sAdhAraNataH eka kaDavaka meM solaha paMktiyoM honI cAhiye / isa niyama kA samAna rUpa se sabake dvArA pAlana nahIM huA hai / bhavisayattakahA meM eka saMdhi meM sAmAnyataH gyAraha se lekara chabbIsa taka kaDavaka haiN| kama se kama dasa tathA adhika se adhika tIsa paMktiyAM eka kaDavaka meM prayukta haiM / anta meM ghattA yA dhra baiMka kA vidhAna hai| dhra vaka kA artha hai dhruva arthAt nizcita / chanda ke anta meM ghattA kA rahanA dhra va arthAt nizcita hai ataH ise dhruvaka kahate haiM / yaha ghattA dohe yA usake AkAra kA koI. chaMda hotA hai / 'mAnasa' ke ayodhyAkAMDa meM pATha caupAiyoM ke bAda dohe kA ghattA dene kA vidhAna hai| yaha isI paramparA kA rUpa hai| 'bhavisayattakahA' ke vastu-varNana meM mahAkAvyocita udAttatA hai| tilakadvIpa kI nirjanatA ke bIca ekAkI bhramaNa karate hue bhaviSyadatta kI mAnasika dazA kA jaisA sUkSma vivecana kavi ne kiyA hai vaha virala hai| prAkRtika dRzyoM evaM yuddha tathA prema kA jaisA alaMkRta varNana isa kAvya meM hai vaha eka mahAkAvya meM hI sambhava hai| mukhya kathAnaka ke bhItara se hI avAntara kathAoM kI yojanA kI gayI hai| ye avAntara kathAeM kubhI. kabhI pUrvabhava ke varNana ke rUpa meM haiN| jaise-muni vimalabuddhi ke dvArA bhaviSyadatta ke bhavAntara kI bAteM batalAnA / kathA meM zrRMgAra evaM vIra rasa kA paripAka hai kintu anta zAnta-rasa-paraka hI huA hai| saMskRta ke mahAkAvyoM meM yaha prAvazyaka mAnA gayA hai ki usakA nAyaka dhIrodAtta, dhIralalita yA ghIraprazAnta meM se koI eka ho tathA vaha devatA, uccakulasambhUta rAjaputra yA kSatriya ho / jaina kaviyoM ne apane prabandha-kAvyoM meM isa niyama kA tiraskAra kiyA hai| "bhavisayattakahA" kA nAyaka vaNika-putra hai kintu sadAcAra ke AcaraNa ke kAraNa tathA kisI vrata kI sAdhanA ke phalasvarUpa laukika samRddhi ke sAtha sAtha pAralaukika samRddhi mukti kI prApti karatA hai| jahAM taka mahaduddezya tathA mahatI preraNA kA sambandha hai jaina kavi pUrvajanma ke zubha karmoM tathA vartamAna jIvana ke satyAcaraNa dvArA sArvakAlika jIvana-mUlyoM kI sthApanA kara loka-maMgala kA mArga prazasta karatA hai / adhyAtma kI carcA, bhogoM kI nissAratA, dhArmika cetanA kA udghATana evaM samagra jIvana kI upasthiti ke lie dharmanAyaka kA citraNa hI bhavisayattakahA kA mUla svara hai|

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78 gadyayuktA 1. nAyakakhyAtasvavRttA bhAvyarthaM zaMsivaktrAdiH socchavAsa kR zrAkhyAyikA yathA harSacaritAdi / dhIrazAntanAyakA gadyena padyena vA sarvabhASA kathA / gadyamayI kAdambarI, padyamayI lIlAvatI / jaina vidyA 2. ka-divvaM divvamANusaM mANusaM ca / tattha divyaM nAma jattha kevalameva devacarinaM vaNijjai- samarAccakahA / kha-taM jaha divvA taha divvamANusIM mANusI tahacceya | lIlA. gA. 35 3. tamro puNa pNckhaago| taM jahA - sayalakahA, khaMDakahA, ullAvakahA, parihAsa kahA / tahAvarA kahiyatti - saMkiNakahati / kuvalayamAlA, anu0- 7 4. prAkhyAyikA kathA khaNDakathA parikathA tathA / kathAniketi manyate gadyakAvyaM ca paMcadhA // zragni 337.12 5. paryAyabandhaH parikathA khaNDakathA ityevamAdayaH // dhvanyAloka, 3.7 sakala kathe sargabandho'bhineyArtha mAkhyAyikA kathe 6. hindI mahAkAvya kA svarUpa vikAsa, DA0 zambhUnAtha siMha, vArANasI, 1956 o, o 186

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bhavisayattakahA kA dhArmika pariveza -zrI zrIyAMzakumAra siMghaI jaise jaladhArAvihIna baMjara bhUmi ke garbha meM jala kA pratula srota chipA rahatA hai jo kabhI bhI anukUla avasara milane para jaladhArA kA rUpa le bhUmi ko rasasikta kara detA hai| vaise hI yaha prANI bhI apane meM dharma yA sukha ke anAdyananta avinazvara srota ko samAye rakhatA hai jo kabhI bhI anukUla puruSArtha ke paripAka meM dharmadhArA bana prAraNI ko parama prasanna banA detA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki prANiyoM meM dharma kI zakti to hotI hai para usakI sAmpratika abhivyakti nahIM hotI / abhivyakti ke binA zakti supta rahatI hai jisase lAbhAMza kI prApti saMbhava nahIM / jAgaraNa ke binA lAbha kaisA ? zakti kA tadanukUla zrabhivyaMjana hI usakA jAgaraNa hai / jAgaraNa hI dharma kI dhArA hai jo adhikAMzataH dharma ke abhidhAna se vyavahRta hotI hai, ise jAnanA saccAI ko svIkAranA hai / saccAI hai - dharma pAyA nahI jAtA jAgRta kiyA jAtA hai / 'hameM dharma pAnA hai' kA matalaba hai hameM apane avasthita anabhivyakta dharma ko mAtra jagAnA hai, abhivyakta karanA hai, tadartha parAvalambI nahIM svAvalambI bananA hai / jAgaraNa kA yaha matra prarthAt dharma ke marma kA saMdeza yathAsaMbhava jaina maharSiyoM aura vidvAnoM ne apane sAhitya meM anusyUta kiyA hai / vastutaH jAgaraNa kA yaha lakSya hI unake sAhitya kA jIvana hai tathA apanI arthavattA kA sabala mAdhyama bhI /

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80 janavidyA apabhraMza sAhitya ke eka utsAhI kavi dhanapAla bhI jAgaraNa ke isa yajJa meM pIche nahIM rhe| unhoMne apanI lekhanI se bhavisayattakahA kA praNayana mUlataH isI uddezya se kiyaa| lokavizruta kathAnaka aura bhaviSyadatta kI kathA kA cayana kara dhanapAla ne mUla uddezya nirvahaNa aura kavikarma kauzala para bala diyA hai| vastutaH kavi apanI saphalatA ke lie saddhamaMsurabhita uddezya ko jIte-jAgate, tar3apate-phar3akate, rote-bilakhate, haMsatekilakate tathA khaTTe-mIThe zabda-pravAha meM bahAne kA udyama kare, (mAtra kathAnaka ke khyAta hone kI vyartha cintA na kare) kyoMki anubhUtijanya jIvita zabdapravAha bhI kavi kI maulika sUjhabUjha kA hI pariNAma hotA hai / hama dhanapAla ke kathAnAyaka bhaviSyadatta ko hI leM to pAyeMge ki vaha apanI dharma-zakti ko jagAne kA prayAsa karatA hai| jinAlaya kA bhavya vAtAvaraNa ho yA saMkaTa kA kAla athavA munizrI kA samAgama vaha bhaktirasa meM tallIna ho jAtA hai| apanI hI dharA para dharmadhArA bahAnA use iSTa hai tabhI to anukUla yA pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM vaha dharma ko nahIM bhUlatA tathA antatogatvA apane abhiyAna meM adhika gatizIla ho jAtA hai arthAt muni-dIkSA le tapazcaraNa meM pravRtta ho jAtA hai jo susupta zaktiyoM ke jAgaraNArtha prati prAvazyaka hai| dhanapAle ke anusAra prAge hI sahI arthAt cauthe bhava meM vaha apane ko pUrNataH jagA letA hai, usakI sArI zaktiyAM jAgRta arthAt abhivyakta ho jAtI haiM aura vaha mAtmA se paramAtmA bana jAtA hai mAno AtmA kA dharAsthAnIya dharma apanI hI dhArA se prAplAvita ho uThA hai aura ananta darzana, ananta jJAna, ananta sukha, ananta vIrya Adi ke prakaTIkaraNa se paramAtmapane ko sArthaka batA rahA hai / isake alAvA kamalazrI, bhaviSyAnurUpA ke jIvana kA tathA dhanavaI, haridatta evaM rAnI priyasundarI ke tyAgamUlaka prAcaraNa-vidhAna kA rekhA-citra khIMcakara kavi ne yaha pramANita kara diyA hai ki usane apanI kRti ko jAgaraNa kI mUladhArA se jor3A hai| ..... yahA~ yaha ullekha ucita hI hogA ki dhanapAla ne apane prabandha meM kahIM bhI dharma kI vyAkhyA nahIM kI aura na hI mAtra usakA upadezAtmaka vizleSaNa yA pradarzana hI kiyA / - isakA sIdhA matalaba hai ki unheM dharma kI korI vyAkhyAoM meM vizvAsa nahIM thaa| ve cAhate the ki loga dharma ko mAtra par3he hI nahIM hRdayaMgama bhI kareM, use apane jIvana meM lAyeM / isakA upAya unhoMne vaise AdarzoM ke purasthApana meM hI adhika mAnA / jisa prakAra kisI bhI kAvya meM sAhityika, sAmAjika aura sAMskRtika mUlyoM kA 'samAveza unakI vyAkhyA ke binA sahaja saMbhava hotA hai usI prakAra dharma kI vyAkhyA ke binA bhI usake prayogAdhRta mUlyoM kA nirvAha asaMbhava nahIM hai| jaba zRgAra vIra, vIbhatsa prAdi rasoM tathA rUpaka, upamAdi alaMkAroM ke paribhASAtmaka vivecana ke pacar3e meM par3e binA hI kavi unakI sahaja anubhUti pAThaka ko karA detA hai to dhanapAla ne dharma ke upadezAtmaka -- vivecana ke pacar3e meM par3e binA hI dharma ko sahaja jIvanAnubhUti se jor3akara samajhAne meM

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jaina vidyA 81 1 adhika saralatA anubhava kara kauna sA aparAdha kiyA hai ? koI nahIM na ? to yaha mAniye ki dhanapAla ne dharma ko zabdADambara se nahIM jIvana ke prAyogika pahalunoM se samajhane para adhika bala diyA hai / yaha eka alaga bAta hai ki unane apane isa kAvya se jina prAyogika pahaluoM ko samAviSTa kiyA hai bhale hI ve hameM aparicita aura prAkarSaka na lageM para unane samUce kAvya ko eka paripuSTa dhArmika pariveza pradAna karane meM koI kasara nahIM rakhI hai / bhavisayattakA ko mAtra nayanAbhirAma hI nahIM mananAbhirAma banAne para hama pAyeMge ki kavi ne apane kathA-pAtroM ko bhakti, karmavAda para zrAsthA vratAcaraNa eva naitikatA nirvahana ke raMga meM raMga kara isa prakAra pradarzita kiyA hai ki pAThaka unake dhArmika hone meM koI sandeha nahIM kara sakatA / phalataH eka dhArmika pariveza kI anubhUti use hone lagatI hai, jo spaSTata: jaina saMskRti, darzana, dharma evaM samAja se prabhAvita hai bhavisayatakA ke dhArmika pariveza para jainatva kA prabhAva tathA samyaktvaviziSTa pApakalaMkamala zUnya jinazAsanokta zrutapaMcamI ke phala ko ujAgara karanevAlI kathA sunAne hetu pAThakoM ko diyA gayA kavi kA nirdeza, graMthArambha meM diyA gayA maMgalAcaraNa, pratyeka saMdhi ke prAraMbha meM vihita vandanAyeM evaM yatra-tatra saMvedanazIla sthaloM para jaina pariveza kA spaSTa ullekha isa bAta ke puSTa pramANa haiM ki kavi jainadharmAvalambI thA / yahA~ hama yaha bhI ullekha kara denA cAheMge ki kavi apane samUce kAvya meM mAtra AThaveM tIrthaMkara candraprabhajina evaM candraprabhajinAlayoM kA hI ullekha karatA hai jo aSTama tIrthaMkara candraprabha ke prati usake vizeSa anurAga kA pratIka haiM / kAraNa kucha bhI ho para sArthaka evaM manovicArita avazya honA cAhiye kyoMki zAMtinAtha, kunthunAtha aura aranAtha ina tIna-tIna tIrthaMkaroM kI AvAsasthalI ke rUpa meM gajapura ( hastinApura ) kI utkRSTatA svIkAra karake bhI unakA tathA vartamAna meM jinakI zAsanaprabhAvanA hai una tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIra kA kavi dvArA kahIM bhI kisI bhI rUpa meM kiMcidapi ullekha na kiyA jAnA nizcita hI kucha socane ko bAdhya karatA hai / dhArmika pariveza kI abhivyakti ke lie bhakti kA sandarbha eka sazakta mAdhyama hotA hai ataH isa pariprekSya meM yadi hama prakRta kathAkAvya ko kasauTI para kaseM to kahanA par3egA ki dhanapAla, zrutapaMcamI vrata ke phala ko pradarzita karanevAlI kathA likhakara bhI bhakti kA praucitya nahIM batA sake haiN| zrIcitya batAnA to dUra zrutabhaktimUlaka koI nirjIva zabdacitra bhI hameM unake kAvya meM dRSTigocara nahIM hotA / yadi ve cAhate to kamalazrI dvArA zrutapaMcamI vrata grahaNa kiye jAne ke avasara para prAryikA athavA munizrI ke mAdhyama se zruta ke mahattva ko batAte hue vratAnupAlana ke vidhAna meM zrutabhakti kI AvazyakatA nirdhArita kara zrutabhakti kA sandarbha apane kAvya meM jor3a sakate the athavA

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jainavidyA vratodyApana ke samaya zrutapUjana Adi kA prasaMga upasthita karake bhI isakI pUrti kI jA sakatI thI / aisA karane para arthAt deva aura guru bhakti ke sAtha zruta bhakti kA bhI samAveza kara dene se ve deva zAstra - guru kI upAsanA ko samAna mahattva de paate| vaise bhI zrutabhakti kA pratipAdya zrutapaMcamIphala prabhAvaka hone se bhavisayattakahA ke lie atyAvazyaka evaM aparihArya thA, jisa ora kavi kA dhyAna hI nahIM gyaa| kyoM ? yaha vicAraNIya hai| deva bhakti aura guru-bhakti kA nirvAha bhI jahA~ huA hai vahA~ bhAvapravaNatA evaM rasAsvAdana ke lie koI sthAna nahIM hai / prAyaH yahI darzAyA gayA hai ki koI pAtra vizeSa devapUjana, vandanA, namaskAra Adi ke mAdhyama se bhakti meM rata hai| bhakti kI prakriyA tathA usameM bhakta kA zrAnandavibhora ho uThanA, mastI meM jhUmane laganA tathA guNAnuvAda ke sAtha guNagrAhakatA ke lie utkaNThita honA Adi pradarzita nahIM kiyA gayA hai / yadi kavi ko thor3A bhI avakAza milA hai to usane vahA~ upadezAtmaka yA varNanAtmaka sandarbha jor3a diye haiM jo prAyaH bhautika aura zAbdika pratIkoM taka hI sImita haiM / yahA~ yaha bhUlanA bhI ucita nahIM hogA ki dhanapAla ne ise bhaktikAvya ke rUpa meM nahIM likhA hai apitu bhakti ke prasaMga svayameva kathA kI dhArA se yatkicit rUpa se jur3a gaye haiM aura apane yadavasthita pariveza se jainadhArmika hone kI puSTi kara rahe haiM jinameM se pramukhatA ke AdhAra para kucha kA ullekha isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai 82 1. putrotpatti ke eka mAha bAda kamalazrI kA putra ko goda meM lekara jina mandira jAnA aura jinavara kI pUjana karanA 15 2. madanAgadvIpa meM akelA chUTa jAne para bhaviSyadatta dvArA vana meM bhaTakanA, hAtha paira dhokara zilA para AsIna honA tathA jinadeva ke smararaMga- pUrvaka puSpAMjali kSepaNa zrAdi se arcanA karanA / punazca sandhyA ho jAne para paMca parameSThiyoM ko hRdaya meM dhAraNa kara paramapada kA dhyAna karate hue rAtri bitAnA / 8 3. tilakapura meM candraprabha jinamandira milane para bhaviSyadatta dvArA candraprabhajina kI bhaktibhAva se pUjA kiyA jAnA / 7 4. bhaviSyAnurUpA ko dohalA hone para bhaviSyadatta kA saparivAra tilakadvIpa pahu~canA tathA jina maMdira meM sabhI ke dvArA bhaktipUjanAdi karanA / 8 5. cAraNaRddhidhArI muni ke savinaya darzana kara unake paira pUjanA Adi / yahA~ yaha bhI ullekhanIya hai ki kavi ne kathA pravAha ke anurUpa yathAvasara munijanoM kA -samAgama to karAyA hai para ekAdhasthala ko chor3akara pAtroM dvArA unake prati bhakti kA citra vandanA zrAdi ke rUpa meM upasthita nahIM kiyA, sIdhe hI praznoM ke samAdhAna kI jijJAsA vyakta ho gaI hai /

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jainavidyA 83 jaina siddhAntAnusAra jIva ke duHkha kA pramukha kAraNa karma mAnA gayA hai / bhavisayattahakA bhI aisA hI kahatI hai kyoMki usase dhvanita hotA hai ki yaha jIva karmoM ko karake tadanurUpa karmakAraNoM paripAkavaza saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai 10 tathA svakRtakarmAnusAra use anukUla yA pratikUla saMyogoM kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai / zubhakarma anukUlatA tathA prazubhakarma pratikUlatA prApti ke kAraNa banate haiM / dharma evaM usakI sAdhanA meM sahayogI karma zubha mAne gaye haiM jinakA prAcaraNa kara jIva azubha karmoM se apanI vyAvRtti kara letA hai / punazca puruSArtha kI prabalatA meM avaziSTa samasta zubhAzubha karmoM ko tapazcaraNa se prajvalita ghyAnAgni meM dagdhakara mukta ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra hama kaha sakate haiM ki karmavAda para dhanapAla kI dRr3ha AsthA hai jisakI puSTi kathApAtroM dvArA sahaja hotI hai / nidarzanArtha itanA hI paryApta hai 1. pUrvajanma meM kamalazrI ne guru kI garhaNA se dharma kA vinAza kara azubha karma bAMdhe the / 11 vastuta: inhIM aniSTa karmoM kA udaya Ane para usake vAtsalya, priyavacana aura komalatA Adi guNoM se khIjhakara seTha ghanavaI, jo kamalazrI kA pati hai, kA mana phira jAtA hai aura vaha use chor3a detA hai / 12 2. bandhudatta ke sAtha kaMcanapura na jAne hetu jaba kamalazrI bhaviSyadatta ko samajhAtI hai to vaha nAnA prakAra se karmavAda para prAsthA prakaTa kara kahatA hai ki jaba merA bhAgya hI pratikUla hogA to yahA~ bhI koI acchA kaise kara sakegA ? 13 3. mainAgadvIpa para akelA chUTa jAne para bhaviSyadatta socatA hai ki zataguNoM se paripUrNa vidagdha vyakti kA bhI daiva jaba parAGmukha ho uThatA hai to vaha kyA kara sakatA hai 114 4. cAraNaRddhidhArI munirAja upadeza dete haiM ki prazubhakarmoM ke kSayakAraka, madhura, priya evaM nirapekSa dharma ko tuma jAno 115 phalasvarUpa tadanukaraNapariNati hameM pAtroM meM dikhAI detI hai / hama mAnate haiM ki pAtroM meM naitikatA kA nirvaharaNa kisI bhI racanA ke svastha evaM sundara dhArmika pariveza ke lie atyAvazyaka tattva hai / dhanapAla ne tadartha naitika naitika zrAcaraNa kA tulanAtmaka dRzya upasthita kara dhArmika pariveza kI sahajAnubhUti karAne kA udyama kiyA hI hai / vaha dharma hI kyA jo lokodAtta bhAvanAoM se pare ho, jahA~ krodha, mAna, IrSyA zrAdi kI jvAlAyeM manaHsaMtApa kA kAraNa banatI hoM athavA mAnava mAnava ke anartha kA kAraNa ho / bhavisayattakahA meM kamala zrI - sarUpA, bhaviSyadatta - bandhudatta Adi pAtra paraspara naitikAnaitika zrAcaraNa kI tulanAtmaka anubhUti karAte haiM / videzagamana ke avasara para kamalazrI kI bhaviSyadatta ko dI gaI zikSA 16 tathA sarUpA dvArA bandhudatta ko dI gaI krUratama salAha 17 isakA eka nidarzana hai /

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84 janavidyA bandhudatta dvArA nirjana aura hiMsaka jAnavaroM se yukta bIhar3a mainAgadvIpa para bhaviSyadatta ko chor3a diye jAne para jahAjastha bandhudatta ke hitaiSI vaNikjana bhI isa krUratama kRtya kI bhartsanA karate haiM aura eka svara se bola uThate haiM-"yaha acchA nahIM huA / hama sabakA vANijya niSphala gayA, are, yaha to hamAre sAdhupana kI lajjA kA vyApAra huA hai| mainAgadvIpa para bhaviSyadatta kA koI nahIM hai aura aba yahA~ hamArA bhI koI nahIM rahA, na yAtrA, na dhana, na mitra, na ghara, na dharma, na karma, na jIva, na zarIra, na putra, na patnI, na iSTajana aura na hI deva kyoMki adharma ne dharma ko naSTa kara diyA hai aura dharma ke naSTa hone se sabhI kArya prakArya ho jAte haiN| vAstava meM isa duSTa bandhudatta ne yaha duSkRtya bhaviSyadatta ko mArane ke lie hI kiyA hai / "18 . bandhudatta ke sahayogIjanoM dvArA kahI gaI yaha bAta vastutaH nizchila naitikatA kA prAbhAsa karAtI hai / kitanA mArmika dRzya hai mAno naitikatA kA khyAla kara sabhI andara hI andara ro par3e hoN| parantu isase kyA ? anyAya kA pratikAra na kara pAne se unakI naitikatA niSphala rahI hai / yadi ve cAhate to bandhudatta ko punaH mainAgadvIpa para jahAja khar3A karane ke lie bAdhya kara sakate the| merA socanA hai ki lokopakAriNI naitikatA jaba phalonmukhI hokara kisI vyakti meM apane saMskAra jamA letI hai to vaha niHsandeha hI indriyalampaTatA se bacakara viSayavAsanAoM kA gulAma nahIM banatA tathA vratAcaraNa se apane dehAzrita jIvana kA sadupayoga karatA hai jisase sahaja sva-parakalyANa kA mArga prazasta hotA hai| dhanapAla ke isa kathAkAvya meM bhaviSyadatta to isakA udAharaNa hai hI, anya pAtra bhI tadanurUpa dikha jAte haiN| nizchala, niSkampa aura nirdvandva vratAcaraNa apane anudhartA ke dhArmika hone kA puSTa pramANa to hai hI tadanuvartI pariveza yA samAja ko bhI dhArmika vyapadeza se alaMkRta karane meM pIche nahIM rahatA / vastutaH samAja kI yaha byAjastuti zanaiH zanaiH hI sahI para nizcita hI aise sapUtoM ko udbodhita karatI hai jo nirAkulasukhalAbhArtha dharmasAdhanAnukUla vratAcaraNa ko apanA lete haiM / saMbhava hai isI mahattva ko hRdayastha kara dhanapAla ne apane kAvya meM bratAcaraNa se gumphita sahaja dhArmika pariveza nirmita karane kA saMkalpa kiyA ho / yathAvasara to ve mahAvratadhArI munijanoM ko sAmAjikoM ke sadbodhanArtha upasthita kara hI dete haiM kintu tilakapura meM muni dvArA zrAvaka ke aSTamUlaguNa evaM paMcaaNuvratoM kA upadeza dilAkara kavi ne vratAcaraNa ko vAstavika upAdeyatA samAjajanoM ke samakSa purasthApita kara mahanIya kArya kiyA hai| vratAcaraNa ke surabhita aga tapazcaraNa ke bala se samupAjita jJAnanidhi dvArA munijana prANiyoM ke pUrvottara bhavoM ke vRttAnta jAna lete haiM tathA ucitAnucita kA vistAra kara yathAvasara usakI abhivyakti bhI kara dete haiM / aisA hone para prANI sahaja hI dharmasAdhanA meM juTa jAte haiM / bhavisayattakahA meM bhI manovega aura bhaviSyadatta ke paraspara prema kI zrRMkhalA

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jainavidyA 85 pUrvabhavAzrita hai yaha pratipAdita huA hai jisakA savistAra varNana karane ke uparAnta munizrI sabhI ko saMsAra kI asAratA tathA bhautika vaibhava ko caMcala aura prazAzvata batAte hue vaha kArya karane ko preraNA dete haiM jisase parama-pada prApta ho / 20 isase phalita hotA hai ki prANiyoM kA paraspara prema athavA baira janmajanmAMtara taka banA raha sakatA hai jo vizuddha rUpa se sAMsArika prapaMca hai tathA prasArabhUta hone se sarvathA tyAjya dharmadharA ke dhyAna hetu kitanI mArmika aura sUkSma prarUpaNA ho gaI hai yahAM ! punazca ve bhaviSyadatta ke pUrvabhavoM kA varNana karake pravrajyA kA mahattva22 batAte haiM phalasvarUpa bhaviSyadatta sarvavidha prAbhUSaNoM ko utArakara paMcamuSTi se kezaluMcana kara mahAvratoM kA anukaraNa karatA hai / kitanA mahAn hogA vaha anukaraNa jo rAjavaibhava prAdi ko tRNa-tulya samajhatA hai tathA kitanI mahAn hogI vaha virAga pariNati jisake bala se mahAvrata palate haiM ! yahI hai dharma kA abhivyaMjana tathA susupta zaktiyoM kA jAgaraNa / isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki kathA ke aviruddha pravAha meM vratAcaraNa kA nirvAha kAvya meM samAviSTa dhArmika pariveza ko sAkAra kara rahA hai| _ niSkarSataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki bhavisayattakahA kA dhArmika pariveza pUrNataH zithilAcAra nirodhaka, vizuddha, svastha evaM svaccha paramparAmoM kA poSaka hai / isa choTI sI kathA ke sahAre kavi ne vipulatayA samIcIna jaina siddhAntoM kA nirvahaNa kara praskhalita evaM vairAgyamUlaka dhArmika pariveza ko paripuSTa kiyA hai jo eka prazaMsanIya kRtya hai aura vidvajjanoM dvArA stutya / 1. 14vIM zatAbdI, DaoN. de. ku. zAstrI, bhavisayattakahA tathA apabhraMza kathAkAvya 2. bhavisayattakahA 22.11 3. vahI, 1.1 4. vahI, 1.6 5. vahI, 1.16 6. vahI, 4.3.4 . 7. vahI, 4.11-14 8. vahI, 15.16-17 9. vahI, 16.4-5 10. vahI, 18.1 11. vahI, 5.2 12. vahI, 2.4

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86 13. vahI, 3.10-11 14. vahI, 4. 1 15. vahI, 16.5 16. vahI, 3.18 17. vahI, 3.15 18. vahI, 3.26 19. vahI, 16.7-12 20. vahI, 18.1 21. vahI, 20 vIM saMdhi 22. vahI, 21.7 23. vahI, 21.11 jaina vidyA

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bhavisayattakahA meM nItitattva - -DaoN. gaMgArAma garga apabhraMza kathA sAhitya meM dhanapAla kRta 'bhavisayattakahA' kA bar3A mahattva hai / apabhraMza sAhitya ke anveSakoM ne nagara, samudra Adi vibhinna varNana, vAtsalya, zRMgAra evaM karuNa rasa ke samanvaya tathA kathA-saMgaThana kI dRSTi se 'bhavisayattakahA' ko zreSTha kRti pramANita kiyA hai / 'bhavisayattakahA' meM jIvana ke preraka tattva paryApta haiM / isameM vizeSataH parivAra, artha aura vaiyaktika vyavahAra athavA sadAcAra viSayaka nIti-tattvoM kA vivecana huaA hai / baMdhudatta aura usake pitA kI cApalUsI aura vaibhava se prabhAvita hue binA bhaviSyadatta jaise luTe va nirIha vyakti ko nyAya denA kisI bhI rAjA yA prazAsana kA uttama prAdarza hai| isa rAjanaitika Adarza ke alAvA 'bhaviSyadattakathA' meM rAjanIti kama hai| 'bhavisayattakahA' sautiyA DAha tathA eka sauta dvArA dUsarI patnI kI khuziyoM ko samUla naSTa kara dene ke prayatna kA kahAnI hai| sarUpA apanI sauta kamalazrI ko pati se vilaga karake hI utpIDita nahIM karatI apitu usake putra bhaviSyadatta ko bhI apane putra dvArA pIr3ita karavAne kI ceSTA karatI hai / vaha apane putra dvArA 'bhaviSyadatta ko naSTa kara usako mAM kA mAna-mardana karane kI kIgaI pratijJA' ko sunakara bar3I prasanna hotI hai (3.16) / lobhavaza aura kuTilatApUrvaka bhAI ko usakI dhana-sampatti ke adhikAra se vaMcita karane meM

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88 janavidyA insAna ko koI saMkoca nahIM hotA, yaha baMdhudatta ke caritra se spaSTa hai / rAjA dvArA sarUpA aura bandhudatta ko diye gaye daNDa se pArivArika kuTilatA aura anIti ke duSpariNAma bhI dyotita hue haiN| bhAratIya nArI kA pati ke prati ekaniSTha, pracaMcala aura gambhIra prema vizvaprazaMsita hai / dhanapAla ne pAra karane, pahu~cane aura calane meM gahana mainAka parvata ke upamAna ke rUpa meM strI-prema kI gahanatA kI carcA kI hai| pati-patnI kA vizvAsajanita gahana prema samasta gRhastha jIvana ke sukha kA prAdhAra hai| vyavasAya prAdi sAmAjika kAraNoM se yadi bhAratIya nava-yauvanA ko priyatama se alaga honA par3a jAya to vaha usa alagAva ko sahasA saha nahIM paatii| udvigna yuvatI mukhakamala ko uThAye bidA hote hue priya ke mukha ko nihArate rahane kI ceSTA karatI rahatI hai, AheM bharatI hai| prazrukaNoM ke pravAhita hote rahane para usake prAMkhoM kA kAjala kapoloM ko malIna karatA rahatA hai / vyApAra ke lie jAte hue zreSThikumAroM kI vidAI ke avasara unakI priyatamAnoM kI ukta manaHsthiti unake anukaraNIya prema kI sAkSI hai ummAhau raNaraNau vahaMtiu puNa puNa piyamuhakamalu niyaMtau / virahadavaggijhalukkiyakAyau, niyAna yapai praNapravivi prAyau / ummuhamuhakamalau udaMDau, kajjalajalalavamailiyagaMDau / niyapaipimmaparavvasihiMgrahiNavajovaraNaittiyahi / uppAyau kAsu na rahulahau~ juvaihi sAsu muvaMtiyahi / 3.20.7-11 pANigrahaNa se prApta nArI ke prAliMgana ko hI parituSTi denevAlA kahakara dhanapAla ne sadiyoM pUrva svakIyA prema kA Ananda sarvazreSTha ThaharA diyA hai taM kalattu pariprosiyagattau, jaM suhipANiggahariNa viDhattau / 3.19.3 unhoMne to para strI ko mAtA taka samajhane kI zikSA kamalazrI se bhaviSyadatta ko dilavAI haiparakalattu maI samau gaNijja hi / 3.19.8 sukhada dAmpatya jIvana hetu kaI preraNAyeM dene ke atirikta dhanapAla ne pArivArika kalaha aura usake nivAraNa kI sthitiyAM prastuta kI haiN| unakA mAnanA hai ki eka hI sampatti para adhikatama adhikAra jamAne ke icchuka parijana eka dUsare ko koI bhI hAni pahuMcA sakate haiM / unakA caritra kauna jAne ? bandhudatta ke caritra para prAzaMkA.rakhate hue yaha tathya kamalazrI ne bhaviSyadatta se kahA hai

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anavidyA ekkAbvamahilAsavicistA, ko jAraNaI dAiyahaM pritti| 3.11.3 manuSya ko kitanA bhI kaSTa mile kintu vaha apane parijanoM ke sAtha dhokhA nakare, anyathA use loka-paraloka meM sarvatra apayaza kA pAtra bananA hogaa| bhaviSyadatta ke dhana paura strI kA apaharaNa karake use dhokhA denevAle bandhudatta ko anya zreSThiputra yahI samajhAte haiM uppaNNa jai vi parihau gahIra, ghAijjaha to vi e niyasarI / iharattiparattivi pahiyabosu, visahinvau kaha dubvyghosu| 3.25.5-6 marthanIti - vyavasAya maura vaNikvarga se sambandha rakhane ke kAraNa 'bhavisayattakahA' meM 'jIvikA' evaM artha-viSayaka siddhAnta bejor3a haiM, 'bhavisayattakahA' ke madhyayana se yuvakoM meM udyama karane kI pravRtti jAgRta hotI hai tathA deza-videza meM saphalatApUrvaka vyavasAya calAne kI rIti-nIti kI zikSA milatI hai / kamAne yogya umra prApta karate hI yuvakoM ko parAzrita hone kI apekSA svAvalambI banane kI ceSTA karanI cAhiye / bandhudatta pitA ke kamAye hue dhana ko bhogate rahane meM yaza aura kIti nahIM mAnatA piyarI vitu pratya vilasaMtaha, kavaraNa kitti jasu kavaNa jiyaMtaha / 3.8.6 yuvAvasthA prApta hone para bhI vyavasAya meM ruci na lenevAle vaNikaputra ko apane samavayaskoM aura samAja meM lajjita honA par3atA hai jai vavasAi bAu eu vijai, to vAyarahaM majjhi lajjijjai / . . 3.126 vibhinna sahayogiyoM ke sAtha kisI bar3e vyApAra ko calAnA dhanapAla burA nahIM mAnate / unakI dRSTi meM manuSya kA acchA kAma sahAyaka ke abhAva meM siddha nahIM hotaa| bandhudatta ke sAtha vyApAra karane kI icchA rakhanevAle zreSThiputra usase kahate haiM sudRr3ha vi parahaM parivyikAyaha, simjhai kipi rahiM asahAyahaM // 3.14.7 kuzala vyavasAyI deza aura videza meM do bAtoM kA bar3A dhyAna rakhatA hai / eka to vaha hara sthiti meM cora aura vaMcakoM se apane dhana kI hara kSaNa surakSA rakhatA hai / dUsare,

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90 jainavidyA zAsana-vyavasthA se jur3e adhikAriyoM va karmacAriyoM athavA rAjA, maMtrI prAdi ko upahAra dvArA sammAnita karatA rahatA hai tAki dhanopArjana meM koI vyavadhAna na pA sake / apane donoM putra bhaviSyadatta aura baMdhudatta ko vyApAra ke lie bAhara bhejate samaya dhanapati ne ukta bAteM unheM sikhAI haiM (3:21) / rAjya sevA, prazAsana Adi kI taraha vyavasAya kI saphalatA meM bhI 'svabhAva' kI bar3I bhUmikA rahatI hai / yadi vyavasAya kI pravRtti ke anukUla vyakti apanA svabhAva nahIM banA sakA to saphalatA hastagata nahIM kara sakegA / vyavasAyArtha kanakadvIpa jAne ke lie udyata baMdhudatta ko dhanapAla seTha vaNik kA vyavahAra batalAtA hai / usake anusAra vyavasAyI ko avasarAnukUla thor3A bolanA aura rahasyamaya rahanA cAhiye / parAye kAma kI cintA na karate hue bhI apane matalaba meM sarvathA dattacitta rahanA cAhiye / kuzala vyavasAyI hara taraha se dhana bar3hAne kI ceSTA karatA rahatA hai / apane pAsa kI vyApArika sAmagrI kI vaha prazaMsA karatA hai| kisI ko dhokhA detA hai to hAtha ke izAre se, bar3I sUkSma caturAI se / dhanapAla dvArA ullikhita kuzala vyavasAyI kA yaha svabhAva Aja bhI utanA hI vyavahArya hai jitanA pahale rahA hogA suhiyahi hiyau raNAhiM appivvau, parimiuM thou thou ppivvau / pratya viDhappai vivihapayArihiM, vaMdhivi karasannAsaMcArihi / appuNu pakkhe bhaMDa salahivvau, aNNaho cittu vicittu lahevvahu / appaNu aMgu NAhi darisivvau, aNNaho taraNa parAmarisivvau / parakajja suNaMtuvi gau suraNaI appaNa kajjaho gau calai / Na kalAvai keNavi riNayacariu, paraho aMgi paisivi kalai / 3.6. 1. dhana kamAne ko adhika mahattva dete hue tathA vyavasAyI kI saphalatA ke lie use vyavahAra-paddhati sikhalAte hue bhI dhanapAla usI dhana ko zreSTha mAnate haiM jisake kamAne se dharma kA kSaya na ho taM SaNa jaM aviraNAsiyadhammeM, lanbhai puvkkiysuhkmmeN| 3.19.2 prAcAranIti vaiyaktika sadAcAra kI upAdeyatA vyApaka taura para sAmAjika hita kI dRSTi se hI hai| kamalazrI aura bhaviSyadatta ko niyamita jina-pUjA aura vrata-vidhAna meM saMlagna dikhalAte hue dhanapAla ne dharmabhAva meM ruci rakhane kI preraNA dI hai| 'bhavisayattakahA' meM prAtmasaMyama, prAtma-vizvAsa, dhairya, zaMkAhInatA aura miSTabhASaNa prAdi nItitattvoM ko apanAne ke upadeza milate haiN| yauvana ke bAre meM dhanapAla kI dhAraNA hai ki yaha aMdhA hotA hai| isa avasthA meM karane yogya aura na karane yogya kAryoM kA viveka nahIM rhtaa| yuvakoM ke mugdha netra yuvatiyoM ke mukha-darzana-rasa ke lobhI bane rahate haiN| aisI avasthA meM prAtmasaMyama apekSita

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jaina vidyA 91 hai| dhanapAla kI dhAraNA hai ki vahI vyakti zUravIra yA paMDita hai jo parAyI striyoM ke caMcala netra aura kAma-pUrNa vacanoM se prabhAvita na huA ho hoi juvANabhAu saviyArau, amuriNayakajjAkajjapayArau / raNayaNaiM hoMti juvANahaM muddhau, taruNivayaNadasaNarasa lukhu| jovaraNaviyArarasavasapasari, so sUrau so paMDiyau / calamammaNa vayaNullAvahiM jo paritiyahi Na khNddiyu|| 3.18 samasta duSkarmoM kI jar3a adharma ko mAnate hue dhanapAla ne adharma kI bar3I nindA kI hai khayaM jAi nUNaM ahammeNa dhamma, viNadveNa dhammeNa savvaM prkmm| - 3.26.7 kavi kI dRSTi meM sabhI karmoM kA sAdhaka puNya hai - sijhai kiNNa paraha kayauNNahaM, hoi savva parivADie puNNahaM / 3.14.11 dhanapAla bar3e prAtma-vizvAsI haiN| vipatti meM dhairya dhAraNa karane kI preraNA dene ke lie ve aisA mahattvapUrNa tathya udghATita karate haiM jo zAyada Aja taka kisI bhAratIya nItikAra ne nahIM kahA / unake anusAra jisa prakAra anacAhe duHkha vyakti ko kabhI bhI ghera lete haiM usI prakAra kyA kabhI sukha Akasmika nahIM pA jAte ? praNaicchiyaiM hoMti jima dukkhaiM,sahasA pariNati tiha sokkhiN| 3.17.6 jIvana-AsthA dhanapAla kA pramukha lakSya hai| bhaviSyadatta ke kathana ke rUpa meM unakA vizvAsa hai ki jisa prakAra prAyu samApta hone para jiyA nahIM jA sakatA usI prakAra prAyu sImA samApta na hone taka mRtyu kaise ho sakatI hai ? phira mRtyu kA bhaya kaisA? - khuTTai jIvijjai jema pavi, tema prakhuTTai eu maraNa // 3.12.13 sarUpA ke prati sarala vyavahAra karane tathA duSTa vacana na kahane kA nivedana bhaviSyadatta ne apanI mAM se kiyA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki dhanapAla apane virodhI ke sAtha bhI kapaTapUrNa AcaraNa aura durvacana paMsada nahIM karate (11-5) / unakA to kahanA hai ki vANI kevala sunane meM hI madhura na ho apitu bolane kA DhaMga bhI aisA ho jo AkarSaka lage tAki mana para acchA prabhAva par3e - jaMpijjahi jnnnnynnaadNnnu| 3.19.4 kisI bhI kAma ko zaMkAgrasta mana se karanA samaya kI nirarthakatA tathA asaphalatA kA sUcaka hotA hai| nItikAra mAnate haiM ki yadi kisI kAma kI sthiti athavA pariNAma meM thor3I bhI zaMkA ho to use jIvana bhara nahIM karanA cAhiye

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92 janavidyA NiyamaNi jeNa saMka upajjA, maraNaMti vi Na kammu taM kijjaa| 3.19-4 apane pUrva-virodhI ke prati pUrNa vizvAsa kA bhAva na banAne kI kUTanIti kI tarapha dhanapAla kA saMketa hai____ "pugvavilvA hiyaya Na dijji| 3.16.1 "ati sarvatra varjayet" kaha kara prativAda kI nindA lokajIvana meM cirakAla se hotI pAI hai| vinamratA, nIti-pAlana jaise sadguNoM meM atizayatA mA jAne para hAni uThAnI par3atI hai / dhanapAla kahate haiM ki atyanta anurAga se samavayaskoM meM bar3appana naSTa ho jAtA hai / atyanta bhaya dhana nahIM kamAne detA / atyanta vinamratA kAyara kahalavA detI hai / guNa hI nahIM, adhika rUpa bhI ghAtaka siddha hotA hai aiyAri vAmohaNa kijjai, samavayajariNa poDhattaNu hijjaa| aigaeNa jariNa kAyara vuccai, praibhaeNa jai lacchie mcci| maimapreraNa bappumbhA gAvai, AipieNa bhoyaNu vi Na bhAvai / aiviM tiyarayaNu viraNAsai, aiyAri savvaho guNu NAsaha / 3.12.2-5 pUrva janma ke karma-pariNAmoM kI prabalatA athavA "bhavitavyatA" yA honahAra bhAratIya mAnasa para saMskArajanita hai / "tulasI jasa bhavitavyatA jaisI mile sahAi" kathana uttara bhArata ke pratyeka vyakti kI jubAna para milegaa| tulasIdAsa se pUrva dhanapAla ne bhI bhavitavyatA meM apanA vizvAsa prakaTa kiyA hai / ve kahate haiM ki jaisA honA hogA usI ke anurUpa vicAra paura paristhitiyAM manuSya ko apanAnI hoMgI raNaraho buddhi uppajjA tema, hosai puvvavihiu jNjem| 3.8.8 . sajjanatA aura durjanatA ke guNa-avaguNoM kI carcA saMtoM kI racanAoM tathA tulasIdAsa ke rAmacaritamAnasa meM paryApta huI hai| dhanapAla ne to apanI "bhavisayatta kahA" meM donoM dhAraNAmoM ke pratIka pAtra kamalazrI-bhaviSyadatta tathA sarUpA-baMdhudatta kA prAcAravyavahAra bhI prastuta kara diyA hai / dhanapAla ne samudra ke upamAna ke rUpa meM prastuta sajjana ke vizeSa guNa gambhIratA aura dhairya batalAye haiM lakkhiu samuTu jalalavagahIka, sappurisu va thiru gaMbhIra dhor| 3.52.5 ukta vivecana se spaSTa hai ki dhanapAla kevala rasasiddha kavi tathA prakRti vaibhava ke citere hI nahIM the apitu jIvana-dRSTA bhI the| rAjanIti, parivAra, vyavasAya tathA sadAcAra ke viSaya meM kahI gaI unakI uktiyA~ tathA unake anukUla prastuta jIvanta tathA yathArtha caritra bhAratIya jIvana ko dizA dete raheMge /

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bhavisayattakahA meM yuga aura samAja ke saMdarbha -DaoN0 rAmagopAla zarmA "vineza" apabhraMza bhASA kA sarvaprathama prakAzita kAvya "bhavisayattakahA" (bhaviSyadatta kathA) mahAkavi dhanapAla kI eka mahattvapUrNa prabandha-kRti hai / san 1918 I. meM eca. yAkobI dvArA jarmanI se aura bhArata meM san 1923 I. meM bar3audA se isakA prakAzana huA thaa| __ dhanapAla nAma ke cAra kaviyoM kA ullekha milatA hai / "bhavisayattakahA" ke racayitA dhanapAla kA samaya pantaHsAkSya ke AdhAra para caudahavIM zatAbdI ThaharatA hai / svayaM dhanapAla ne usa samaya dillI ke siMhAsana para muhammadazAha kA prAsIna honA batAyA hai / yaha muhammadazAha hI muhammadabina tugalaka thA jisakA zAsanakAla 1325 se 1351 I. taka svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / itihAsakAroM ke anusAra isa samaya deza kI Arthika dazA acchI nahIM thI tathA kaI bAra akAla par3e the / dhanapAla apane kAvya meM isI saMdarbha meM apanI manubhUtiyoM ko kAla-jayI banAtA hai| "bhavisayattakahA" meM kathA-zailI kI vastu-vyaMjanA hai aura usI mAdhyama se dhanapAla apane yuga aura samAja ke bikhare saMdarbha prastuta karatA hai / yadyapi kAvya meM yuga kI prArthika dazA kI viSamatAmoM aura nAgarikoM kI vipannatA kA vistAra se bhinna-bhinna prasaMgoM meM varNana hai, tathApi kathA kI mUla bhitti bharata kSetra ke kurujAMgala (rohataka, hisAra,

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94 jainavidyA harayANA) meM base gajapura (hastinApura) kI sampannatA para khar3I kI gaI hai / isa nagara kI sampannatA ke sUcaka rAjA tathA nagarazreSThI haiN| bhUpAla nAmaka rAjA isa nagara kA zAsaka hai aura dhanavai (dhanapati) nagarazreSThI hai / ye donoM hI vizeSa nAma nahIM haiM / vastutaH eka rAjasattA hai aura dUsarA ghanasattA / dhanapati kA vivAha dUsare nagaraseTha haribala kI putrI kamalazrI se hotA hai / haribala ko haridatta hI batAyA gayA hai / "hari" viSNuvAcI hai aura kamalazrI vaiSNava purANoM ke anusAra unakI patnI / dhanapAla ne ina donoM ko apane DhaMga se loka-jIvana meM eka kathA raca kara utArA hai aura usake mAdhyama se apane yuga tathA samAja ko saMdarbhita kiyA hai| ___ usa samaya vaivAhika jIvana kI saphalatA saMtAna kI utpatti meM mAnI jAtI thii| Aja bhI isa bhAvanA kA aMta nahIM huA hai, yadyapi parivAra choTe rakhane ke lie mAnasikatA banAI jA rahI hai / santAna na hone para striyoM kA sAdhuoM-muniyoM kI zaraNa meM jAnA aura varadAna prApta karanA hamArI prAcIna kathAoM kA mukhya aMga rahA hai / "bhavisayattakahA" meM bhI "kamalazrI" muni ke pAsa jAkara saMtAna prApti kI kAmanA vyakta karatI hai aura unakI bhaviSyavANI ke anusAra use bhaviSyadatta prApta hotA hai / puruSoM ke bahupatnItva kA dhanapAla kI kathA-racanA meM pramukha sthAna hai| yugIna saMdarbha meM ekAdhika vivAha eka mAnya prathA thii| dhanavaI kA dUsarA vivAha "sarUpA" ke sAtha ho jAtA hai / yaha "sarUpA" zabda bhI vizeSaNa mAtra hai / usa yuga ke dhanI seTha bahu-patnI prathA ke zikAra the aura ve rUpavatI nava-yauvanAoM kI khoja meM rahate the / dhanapAla ke kAvya kA yaha yugIna saMdarbha Aja bhI mAnasikatA ke stara para nahIM badalA hai, kevala kAnUna ne unheM aisA karane se vajita kiyA hai / vicAraNIya yaha hai ki dhanapAla ne dhArmika kAvya raca kara manuSya kI jina dUSita manovRttiyoM ke prati ghRNA ko ubhArA hai, ve manovRttiyAM Aja bhI jIvita haiM / kAma-vAsanA hI bahu-vivAha ke mUla meM mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAtI hai, yaha tathya dhanapAla prakAza meM lAnA cAhatA hai, kyoMki vaha "kamalazrI" kA ghara se niSkAsana taba dikhAtA hai, jabaki vaha bhaviSyadatta jaise sundara evaM guNavAn putra kI mAM bana cukI hai| isa vAsanA para dhanapAla svayaM aneka prahAra karatA hai aura isake poSaka doSoM ke prati bhI sAvadhAna karatA hai / vaha madhu, madya aura mAMsa kA bhakSaNa varjita karatA hai / kahatA hai mahu majju maMsu pNcuvraaii| khajjaMti raNa jmmNtrsyaaii|| 16.8 kintu jinake pAsa dhana hai, ve vAsanA-janya doSoM ke zikAra bane hI rahate haiM / "bhavisayattakahA" kI kathA kAma aura usake poSaka dhana kI pipAsA ke sahAre hI Age bar3hatI hai / usameM eka aisA yuga prastuta hotA hai jisameM eka ora Arthika vipannatA hai to dUsarI ora kucha logoM kI Arthika sampannatA, vilAsa aura tajjanya gRha-kalahayukta Atmasukha ke lie saMgharSarata hai| isI saMgharSa meM eka aisA samAja ubharatA hai jisakI manovRttiyA~

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janavidyA 95 dUSita tathA amAnavIya vyavahAroM kA samuccaya bana gaI haiN| eka ora jIvana kA yathArtha hai aura dUsarI ora kavi kA kAlpanika prAdarza, jo yugIna dharma-nIti para TikA humA hai / dhanapAla bhaviSyadatta ke rUpa meM suguNa-sampanna vyakti kI kalpanA karatA hai aura durguNa-samuccaya kA yathArtha bandhudatta meM prakaTa karatA hai / eka ora kavi kI kalpanA-sRSTi kamalazrI hai jo apane putra bhaviSyadatta ko kaMcanapura kI yAtrA para jAte samaya yaha sikhAtI hai ki parAyA dhana aura parAI strI kA sparza mata karanA / dUsarI ora hai bandhudatta jo apane nagara meM jaba taka rahA taba taka yuvatiyoM ke sAtha aziSTa vyavahAra karatA rahA / pUrNa nagara usake kukRtyoM se taMga pA cukA hai, tabhI use yojanAbaddha rUpa se kaMcana dvIpa bhejA gayA hai / isa prakAra dhanapAla kA yuga aise yuvakoM se ista samAja kA yuga hai jo apanI paitRka sampatti ke upabhoga se utpanna bhraSTAcAra aura durAcAra kI pravRttiyoM kA samuccaya hai / yuvaka hI nahIM sarUpA jaisI nAriyAM bhI usa yuga meM vidyamAna haiM jo IrSyA-dveSa kI duSpravRttiyoM kA zikAra hokara svayaM amAnavIya vyavahAra karatI haiM aura apanI saMtAna ko bhI usI vyavahAra kI zikSA detI haiM / aisA pratIta hotA hai ki kavi dhanapAla mAnava-mana kI kucha sthitiyoM ko zAzvata burAiyoM se paripUrNa mAnatA hai aura unheM apane yuga ke dhanI pAtroM meM citrita karatA haiM, sAtha hI usI varga ke kamalazrI aura bhaviSyadatta jaise pAtra bhI kalpanA se gar3hatA hai jo dhArmika abhyAsa se zreSTha mAnavIya pravRttiyoM kA vikAsa kara sakate haiM / dhanapAla ne apane yuga ke nirdhana pAtroM ko isa yathArtha aura kalpanA ke dvandva ke lie nahIM cunA, apitu eka hI varga ko udAharaNa banAkara prastuta kiyA hai| usakI kalpanA kA bhaviSyadatta usa yuga meM samAja kA vartamAna nahIM, kevala bhaviSya thA / yaha bhaviSya dharma-bhAvanA ke vikAsa se hI saMbhava hai / bhaviSyadatta usI vikAsa yAtrA para jAte hue eka dhArmika samAja kA pratIka hai / M.NP ... durguNI baMdhudatta samudra ke madhya meM durgama madanAga parvata ke jaMgala meM bhaviSyadatta ko akelA chor3akara jalayAna le jAtA hai / usa bhayAnaka jaMgala meM bhaviSyadatta apanI dhArmika bhAvanA ke bala se hI jIvita raha pAtA hai tathA bhaviSyAnurUpA nAmaka sundarI se vivAha karake samRddhi aura sukha ke kAlpanika yuga meM vicaraNa karatA hai / manuSya kI dhArmika bhAvanA use sukha pahuMcAne kA antima sAdhana hai, yaha bAta dhanapAla bAra-bAra duharAtA hai| baMdhudatta ke jalayAna meM bhaviSyadatta jaba bhaviSyAnurUpA ke sAtha apanI purAnI nagarI ko lauTanA cAhatA hai taba vaha punaH baMdhudatta ke SaDyantra kA zikAra ho jAtA hai / vaha akelA usI dvIpa para raha jAtA hai tathA baMdhudatta bhaviSyAnurUpA ko le jAtA hai / mArga meM vaha bhaviSyAnurUpA ke samakSa apanI kAma-vAsanA prakaTa karatA hai| yahAM phira dhanapAla apane yuga ke dUSita samAja kA pramukha aMga bane hue manuSyoM ke madhya nArI ko dhArmika bala detA hai aura apane zIla kI prAsthA kA prAdhAra sudRr3ha rakhane ke lie prerita karatA hai| vastutaH dhanapAla ke yuma kA samAja aneka prakAra kI amAnavIya burAiyoM se grasta hai| una burAiyoM se mukti kA sAdhana koI kAnUna yA koI rAjakIya vidhAna nahIM dikhAI detA / baMdhudatta kA kaMcanadvIpa se dhana lekara lauTanA samasta nagara meM Ananda kI lahara utpanna

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96 janavidyA karatA hai kintu kamalazrI ke atirikta kisI ko bhI usake usa amAnavIya vyavahAra para duHkha yA kSobha nahIM jo usane bhaviSyadatta ke sAtha kiyA hai / isa prakAra tatkAlIna samAja meM durAcArI ke lie na to koI sAmAjika daNDa-vyavasthA hai aura na hI koI rAjakIya daNDavyavasthA / kavi usase mukti ke lie kevala kAlpanika AdhAra para dhArmika samAdhAna prastuta karatA hai| dhanapAla ke yuga kA samAja aise manuSyoM kA samAja bana cukA hai jisameM rAjA pora seTha hI nirmama nahIM, anya purajana-parijana bhI nirdaya ho cuke haiM / usa yuga meM agara sadguNoM kI surakSA kI rIr3ha kahIM dikhAI detI hai to vaha kamalazrI ke rUpa meM prastuta kI gaI mAtA meM / sarUpA bhI mAtA hai, parantu usameM vaha mAnavIya mamatA nahIM / spaSTa hai ki kavi kamalazrI ke rUpa meM mamatAmayI nArI kI prAsthA dhArmika bhAvanA ke mAdhyama se jIvita rakhanA cAha rahA hai / vaha usameM eka paramparAgata karuNAmayI mAtA kA svarUpa dekhatA hai / kamalazrI bhaviSyadatta ke vApisa na mAne para pratyadhika duHkhI ho uThatI hai, usakA vilApa pattharoM ko bhI dravita kara denevAlA hai / dhanapAla ne likhA hai hA putta putta ukkaMThiyahi, ghoraMtari kAli pariTThiyahi / ko piksivi maNu agbhukharami, mahi vivaru dehi ji pisrmi| hA-pubvajammi kiu kAI maI, nihidaMsariNa jaM nayaNaiM hyii| 8. 12. 13 mAnavIya saMvedanA se zUnya ho cuke yuga meM mAM kI mamatA hI samAja ko jIvita rakhatI hai / dhanapAla isa dRSTi ko "bhavisayattakahA" meM paryApta gaMbhIratA se svIkAratA hai| putra ke lauTane para usI mAM kI prAnandadazA kA citraNa ina zabdoM meM karake kavi saMvedanA ke mAnavIya phalaka ko zAzvata banAtA hai gharapaMgaNi paMkayasiri pAvara, majjiya jiNavayaraNaiM paribhAvai / sunvaya vihimi jAma navakAriya, to savilaksaI sanna samAriya / hali hali kamali kiM ghAvahi, putaho vayaNa kAI va vihAvahi / sarahasu vinnu sahAliMgaNa, nivaDivi kama kamalahi thiu naMvaNa / muhabaMsaNa malahaMtaI nayaNaI, aMsu mumAiyAI jiha rayaNaiM /

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jainavidA 97 dhanapAla apane yuga kI sAmAjika vikRtiyoM se loka-jIvana ko mukti dilAne ke lie jo kathAratha calAtA hai, usakI dizA bahuta spaSTa hai / vaha apane kAvya ko sAmAnya jana kI zrutapaMcamI banA detA hai jo eka vrata kA rUpa letI hai / yaha vrata kyA hai ? isa kathA kA bAra-bAra zravaNa aura smaraNa arthAt isa kathA ke mAdhyama se bAra-bAra isa tathya ko dhyAna meM lAnA ki yaha saMsAra durAcAra-poSaka kupravRttiyoM se bharA humA hai aura unase jIvana ko bacAne ke lie apane mana ko zuddha rakhane kI anavarata sAdhanA karanA hai / koI bhI dharma ina mAnavIya guNoM kI poSaka sAdhanA ke binA apUrNa hai / dhanapAla ne jainadharma ko apanI isa raSTi kA pramukhataH prAdhAra banAyA hai / yadyapi dhanapAla kA yuga parAdhInatA kA thA, tathApi samAja meM jana-bhAvanA kA prAdara karane kI pravRtti thii| nagaraseTha bhI jana-bhAvanA kA tiraskAra karane kI sAmarthya nahIM rakhatA thA kintu dhanapAla ne jana-bhAvanA ke samAdara kI sthiti vistAra se yA aneka anukUla saMdoM meM nahIM dikhAI / isase pratIta hotA hai ki yaha bhAvanA rAjatantra se prAtaMkita thii| "bhavisayattakahA" meM tatkAlIna samAja ke vibhinna rUr3ha-vizvAsa bhI paryApta mAtrA meM citrita hue haiN| ina vizvAsoM meM kucha aise haiM jo dhArmika mAnyatAoM se prasUta haiM aura kucha vizvAsoM ke pIche paramparAgata svIkRti kAma kara rahI hai / udAharaNataH karma-siddhAnta aura usake AdhAra para bhAgya-vizvAsa dhArmika vicAraNA kA pratiphala hai, jabaki svapna-vizvAsa, sAdhu-saMtoM ke zubhAzISa se santAna prApti prAdi kI dhAraNA paramparAgata svIkRti rakhatI hai / . isa prakAra hama dekhate haiM ki dhanapAla kRta "bhavisayattakahA" kevala eka lakIra pITane vAlI kathA nahIM hai, isameM vartamAna jIvana ko rasa denevAle atIta kA samAja bhI eka vizeSa dRSTi se citrita mora sambodhita hai / ataH yaha kAvya kevala dhArmika kathA ke rUpa meM par3hane kA hI viSaya nahIM hai apitu apane sAmayika sAmAjika saMdoM ko bhI jIvanopayogI banAne kA eka zreSTha sAdhana hai / dhanapAla kI bhaviSya bhedI dRSTi kA prAdhunika mAnava samAja ke lie atyadhika upayoga hai / prAvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki hama dhArmika kathAoM ke antanihita mantavyoM ko samajhe aura yugAnukUla unakI vyAkhyAe~ karake sAmAjika sadAcAra kI bhUmikA prazasta kreN|

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mahAkavi dhanapAla kI kucha uktiyA~ aha NivaNa jaNu sohai na koI, ghaNusaMpaya viNu puNNahi Na hoi / artha-isa saMsAra meM nirdhana manuSya kI zobhA (sammAna) nahIM hotI aura na dhana sampatti ke binA puNya hI hotA hai / _1.2.4 pikkhivi prairAvau gulagulantu, kiM iyara hasthi mA mau karantu / prayaM-airAvata hAthI ko ciMghAr3atA dekhakara kyA dUsare hAthI mada nahIM kareM arthAt ciMghAr3eM nahIM ? . 1. 2. 8 ki uii mayaMki joyaMgaraNau ma karau ph| prarSa-kyA candramA ke udaya hone para tArAgaNa apanA prakAza nahIM kareM ? 1. 2. 10 .

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bhavisayattakahA meM jIvana kA pratibimba - DaoN. gajAnana narasiMha sAThe sAhitya jIvana kA pratibimba kahAtA hai / usakA vidhAtA yadi apane zrApa ke prati ImAnadAra ho aura usake phalasvarUpa jIvana kI apane dvArA upArjita sacAiyoM kI abhivyakti apanI viracita sRSTi meM karanA cAhatA ho to vaha apane cAroM ora kI dezakAla jana sthiti ke prati anAsakta, pralipta nahIM raha sakatA / vaha apanI sRSTi ke lie pAtroM kA, ghaTanA cakra kA cayana sudUra atIta se kare athavA nitAnta kalpanA - loka se kare, to bhI sacce sAhityakAra kI kRti usake apane pariveza se anuprANita hotI hai / phira, jana-mAnasa ko prabodhita karane hetu kathA kAvya kI racanA karanevAlA dhanapAla jaisA kavi isakA apavAda nahIM ho sakatA / dhanapAla ke viSaya meM jo alpa-sI parantu prasandigdha jAnakArI prApta hai usake zrAdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki ve vaizya kulotpanna digambara jaina the / ve vidyAnoM aura kalAoM kI adhiSThAtrI devI sarasvatI ke kRpA pAtra the mAno usake putra hI the / unhoMne "bhavisayattakahA" ke samApana meM kahA hai dharaNasirivevisue viraiu sarasaisambhaviraNa | 22.9.10 jananI dhanazrI se janame putra dhanapAla kI kAvya-kalA ke kSetra kI mAtA thI devI sarasvatI / unheM aisI mAtA sarasvatI devI se bahuta se mahAn varoM kI upalabdhi huI

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100 janavidyA hai-sarasaha-bahulakha-mahAvareNa pariNavareNa dharaNapAle cintiyaM (1.4.4, 5)-isa "dusama" kAla meM mujha jaise kavi ne jise devI sarasvatI se bahuta-se mahAn vara prApta haiM, "suyapaMcamI" nAmaka kathA kA varNana karane kI socI hai| kavi ne apane sambandha meM jo yaha kathana kiyA hai usameM ahaMkAra kI gandha nahIM hai| budha-janoM se vinamratA-pUrvaka jo kavi apane pApako "manda-buddhi NigguNu Niratyu" ( 12.1) kahatA hai, vahI yahAM apanI kavitva zakti ke viSaya meM isa ukti dvArA Atma-vizvAsa abhivyakta karatA dikhAI de rahA hai / "bhavisayattakahA" kA nAyaka bhaviSyadatta pahale apane janma-dAtA dhanapati dvArA upekSita thA / vaha apanI sAhasapriyatA tathA uccAkAMkSA se prerita hokara svayaM khatarA mola lete hue apane sApatna bandhu bandhudatta ke sAtha dhana-sampadA kA upArjana karane ke lie calA gyaa| taba bandhudatta ne use pArivArika vidveSa se tilaka nAmaka dvIpa meM ekAkI chor3a diyA / phira bhI bhaviSyadatta ne dhairya aura himmata se usa viparIta paristhiti meM dhanasampadA pAyI aura usa nirjana dvIpa kI rAjakanyA bhaviSyAnurUpA kA pANigrahaNa kiyaa| yaha saba usake pUrvabhava ke karmoM ke phalasvarUpa huaa| vaha jaba apane deza lauTane kA yatna karane lagA to saMyoga se asaphalatA aura hAni ko prApta bandhudatta se usakI bheMTa huI / phira se bandhudatta ne chala-kapaTa se bhaviSyadatta kI sampatti tathA patnI bhaviSyAnurUpA kA apaharaNa kiyA aura vaha apane nagara gajapura lauttaa| idhara bhaviSyadatta ko maNibhadra yakSa ne gajapura pahuMcA diyaa| usake sadbhAva se usakI sampadA aura strI kI use punaH prApti huI aura gajapurAdhipa bhUpAla ne aparAdhiyoM ko daNDita karate hue bhaviSyadatta ko sammAnita kiyA aura apanI putrI sumitrA kA usase yathAsamaya pANigrahaNa karA diyaa| bhaviSyadatta ke jIvana kI ina ghaTanAmoM se isa bAta para spaSTa prakAza par3atA hai ki eka strI kisa prakAra sApatnya bhAva se apane putra ko apane sautele putra kA vinAza karane kI preraNA detI hai, eka bhAI apane dUsare bhAI se kisa prakAra chala-kapaTa karatA hai, vizvAsaghAta karake kRtaghnatApUrvaka usakA saba kucha apaharaNa karatA hai, kisa prakAra ina ghaTanAoM ko dekhanevAle loga Dara aura saMkoca se cuppI sAdhe baiThate haiM aura anta meM daNDa-bhaya se satya prakaTa karate haiN| isa samasta prasadvyavahAra kA kAraNa hai-manuSya kI svArthalolupatA, dhana aura strI sambandhI prAsakti / saMsAra kA itihAsa isakA sAkSI hai-choTe bar3e rAjakuloM meM, sambhrAnta parivAroM meM Aye dina isase milatI-julatI ghaTanAeM ghaTita hotI rahatI haiN| hAM, saMsAra meM apane vaibhava ko punaH prApta karanevAle bhaviSyadatta jaise loga bahuta kama hote haiN| kavi kI dRSTi se usakI saphalatA kA rahasya eka to "karmavAda" meM hai paura dUsare usane 'kavi-satya' (poeTika jasTisa) kA nirvAha karanA cAhA hai jisake anusAra saMsAra meM sajjanatA kI vijaya aura durjanatA kI hAra hotI hai| kathA ke isa maMza meM "paurANika yathArthavAda (mAithAlaoNjikala rialijma)" pAyA jAtA hai jaise- tilaka dvIpa meM ghaTita ghaTanAeM, yakSa dvArA bhaviSyadatta kI sahAyatA karanA, aadi| zeSa ghaTanAeM bhale hI ghaTita ghaTanAeM, phekTas na hoM, phira bhI unameM satya kA AbhAsa hai-yahAM taka ki pAThakoM ko ve ghaTanAeM prAMkhoM dekhI sI jAna par3atI haiM, ghaTita ghaTanAoM kA pratibimba sA

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jainavidyA 101 jAna par3atI haiN| bhaviSyadatta, usakA pitA dhanapati, sautelI mAtA sarUpA aura usakA sautelA bhAI bandhudatta, bandhudatta ke sahayAtrI, ye saba isI jagat ke haDDI-mAMsa ke jIvita loga pratIta hote haiM / hA~, bhaviSyAnurUpA sambandhI zurU kI ghaTanAeM kucha adbhuta sI jAna par3atI haiM parantu usakA zeSa jIvanacarita, AcAra-vyavahAra hamArI kisI jAnI-pahacAnI strI kA sA lagatA hai / bandhudatta dvArA apahRta hokara jaba vaha gajapura meM usake ghara meM rahane ko vivaza huI to kisa prakAra asahAya avasthA meM use rahanA par3A, usameM vaha kaise samaya kATa rahI thI, yaha saba bilkula svAbhAvika lagatA hai / yuvA nArI ke prati manacale yuvaka kA vyavahAra kasA kaThora hotA hai, vaha use bhogyA vastu mAnakara usase kaise peza AtA hai, isakA citraNa kavi ne bar3e kauzala se kiyA hai| Aja bIsavIM zatAbdI meM bhI nArI ko bher3a-bakarI se adhika na mAnanevAle yuvaka haiM to sudUra atIta meM vaha kaisI dayanIya rahI hogI, isakI jhalaka kavi ne isameM dikhAyI hai / bandhudatta ke aziSTa vyavahAra ke saMketa tIsarI sandhi meM milate haiM / adhika lAr3a-pyAra kA yaha pariNAma hai| nagara meM bhramaNa karate hue vaha "duNNaya (durnaya, anIti-anyAyapUrNa bAta)" karatA hai, vaha "jovvaNa viyAra-nibbharabhariu" hokara zRMgAra-sambandhI bAtoM meM "accubbhaDa (pratyudbhaTa)" ho gayA hai / amIroM ke manacale yuvA putroM kA vyavahAra Aja bhI isase bhinna nahIM hai| jaba bandhudatta videza kI yAtrA ke lie taiyAra huA to usake pitA dhanapati ne use jo upadeza diyA tathA mAtA kamalazrI ne apane putra bhaviSyadatta ko jo zikSA dI, usameM jIvana kI kaTu sacAiyoM kI ora spaSTa saMketa hai (sandhi 3) / isa prakAra kI zikSA denevAle mAtA-pitA Aja bhI pAye jAte haiN| kavi ne nArI-jIvana kI katipaya kaTu sacAiyoM para prakAza DAlA hai bhaviSyadatta kI mAtA kamalazrI ke jIvana-citraNa ke rUpa meN| binA kisI usake aparAdha ke usake prati pati kA prema AhistA-AhistA kSaya ko prApta hotA hai, pati dhanapati ke mana meM na jAne usake prati kasA sandeha hai| pitR-gRha meM use dina gujArane par3ate haiM / usake pitA haribala kA mana bhI kSaNabhara saMzayAkula banatA hai / kaisA hai yaha abalA jIvana ! ganImata isI meM hai ki pitRgRha se use bhagAyA nahIM jAtA, usakA putra bhaviSyadatta mahAn banatA hai aura anta meM dhanapati glAni aura pazcAttApa anubhava karate hue usase kSamAyAcanA karatA hai, usake pAMva pakar3atA hai aura apane ghara le jAtA hai (sandhi 12) / isameM maulika mAmaloM meM kucha kSatipUrti to ho gayI phira bhI kamalazrI ko jo vyathA sahana karanI par3I use kaise bhulAyA jA sakatA hai ? kamazrI-sI aneka upekSitAeM cAroM ora dikhAyI detI haiM / hAM, acchA hogA, yadi unameM se hara eka upekSitA kamalazrI kI bhAMti punaH sukha-zAnti ko prApta ho jaae| aba nyAya-vyavasthA kA citra dekhiye-japura ke rAjA haiM bhUpAla jo vizuddhavaMzotpanna haiM, bahuta loka-priya haiM, jaya-lakSmI marAlI ke rAjamarAla haiM-jaNavallahacariu

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102 janavidyA visuddhavaMsu, jayalacchimarAlihi rAyahaMsu (17) | madhyayuga meM jo choTe-bar3e prajA-vatsala, nyAya ke rakSaka riyAsatadAra yA rAjA ho gaye haiM, unhIM kI zreNI meM bhUpAla ko sthAnApanna kiyA jA sakatA hai / gajapurAdhipati bhUpAla prajA kA dhyAna rakhatA thaa| jaba dhanapati ne apane videza gaye hue donoM putroM ke na lauTane kI bAta usase kahI aura batAyA ki maiM ayaza kA bhAjana huA hU~-hauM bhAyaNu huu apasaho (6.9.2) to rAjA ne samudra-yAtrA karake vyApAra karanevAle vaNigjanoM se pUchatAcha kii| usI prakAra, bhaviSyadatta ne jaba bandhudatta ke aparAdha ke bAre meM rAjA se nivedana kiyA to usane tatkAla use aura usake pitA ko bulAyA aura unake aparAdha ko jAnate hI unheM tathA bandhudatta kI mAtA ko daNDa diyA / jAna par3atA hai, rAjA se milanA kisI ko muzkila nahIM thaa| kahanA na hogA ki prajA kA dhyAna rakhanevAlA rAjA apane nAgarika kI bAta gaura se sunatA hai / yahAM para aise nupati ke bAre meM vizeSa bAta dikhAyI detI hai| usane nagara ke mukhya-mukhya logoM ko bulAkara unakA mata jAnanA cAhA / unhoMne vicAra-vimarza karake apanA mata batA diyA (10.11.12) / rAjA ne jana-mata kA prAdara kiyaa| parantu use jaba bhaviSyadatta kI strI ke apaharaNa sambandhI ghaTanA kA patA calA to vaha phira kruddha huaa| use lagA ki dhanapati dvArA isa sambandha meM kucha pronAkAnI kI gayI hai isalie usane dhanapati ko bhI bandI banAyA / isase logoM ko duHkha huaa| rAjA ko guptacaroM se patA calA ki nAgarika isa kAraNa se nagara chor3a jAnA cAhate haiM to usane phira se jana-mata kA prAdara karake dhanapati ko mukta kiyA / isa samasta ghaTanA ke citraNa meM rAjA dvArA prajAjanoM ko vizvAsa meM lekara unake mata kA prAdara kiye jAne kI bAta mahattvapUrNa hai| dhyAna meM rakhanA cAhie ki prAcIna kAla meM bhArata meM aise rAjAoM kA prabhAva nahIM thaa| ..._jAna par3atA hai gajapurAdhipati bhUpAla koI sAdhAraNa rAjA nahIM thaa| zata-zata sAmantoM dvArA usakI sevA kI jAtI thI / deza-deza ke rAjA usakI kRpA ke abhilASI hokara usase milane ke lie upahAra lekara AyA karate the| bhaviSyadatta jaba videza se lauTakara rAjA bhUpAla ke darzana ke lie rAja-prAsAda gayA to use vahAM abhoTa, jATa, jAlandara, gurjara, vairATa, lATa, gaur3a Adi dezoM ke rAjA dikhAyI diye (10.1, 2) / isase sUcita hotA hai ki mahArAjA vA samrAT ke darzana ke lie kisa prakAra dUra-dUra ke rAjA pAyA karate the| hama dekhate haiM ki bhaviSyadatta kA bhAgyodaya kisa prakAra ho rahA hai-aba taka vaha dhana-sampanna ho cukA hai, rAja-kRpA kA adhikArI bhI ho gayA hai| tadanantara use rAjanIti aura saMgrAma meM bhAga lene kA aura usameM bhI yaza ko prApta ho jAne kA suavasara prApta huaa| isa ghaTanA se bhaviSyadatta ke zauca, rAjanIti-prAvINya, prAtmAbhimAna, svAminiSThA Adi kaI viziSTa guNoM kA paricaya prApta ho hI jAtA hai| phira bhI una dinoM rAjAoM ke paraspara sambandha kaise the, yuddha ke kAraNa kyA hote the, Adi bAtoM kA svarUpa bhI spaSTa ho jAtA hai / pahale kahA jA cukA hai ki vyakti-vyakti ke saMgharSa ke bIja kAMcana aura kAminI

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janavidyA 103-- sambandhI prAsakti meM pAye jAte haiM / hA~, isameM eka aura bAta ko bhI samAviSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai-vaha hai sattA yA prabhutA kI laalsaa| yaha prabhutA bhUmi para, dhana para, sevakoM aura prajAjanoM para ho sakatI hai / vaise hI dUsare ko jhukAkara, usake ahaMkAra ko miTTI meM milAkara apanI prabhutA-bar3AI ko sthApita karane kI kAmanA bhI isameM samAviSTa hai / ____jAna par3atA hai-podanapura-nareza uddaNDa hai, prabhutA kA pyAsA hai / citrAMga nAmaka dUta ne rAjasabhA meM apane svAmI kA yaha sandeza sunAyA jisameM spaSTa cunautI hI dI jA rahI thii| usane pahale abhimAnapUrvaka "podana paramezvara" kA mahimA-gAna kiyA aura kahA-haya-gaja-ratha meMTasvarUpa diye jAeM (13.3..1) aura dhanapati-suta dIrghabAhu bhaviSyadatta dvArA tilaka dvIpa se lAyI huI kanyA tathA mahArAnI priyasundarI kI guNasArabhUtA kanyA sumitrA bhI sAtha meM dI jAya (13.4), kahanA na hogA ki madhyayuga, vA prAcInayuga meM kucha rAjA isa prakAra kI mAMga prastuta karate the aura yadi use svIkAra na kiyA jAtA to ve usakI balAt pUrti karA lene ke uddezya se usa deza para prAkramaNa kiyA karate the| usI pravRtti kA . yaha namUnA hai| isa citra kA dUsarA aMza bhI yathArtha sA jAna par3atA hai, dekhie-rAjA bhUpAla ne priyasundarI, pRthumati jaisI striyoM tathA bhaviSyadatta jaise guNavAn logoM aura anyAnya maMtriyoM ko bulAkara unase vicAra vimarza kiyA / sabhA meM diye hue sujhAva vaise hI haiM jaise Ama taura para pAye jAte haiN| maMtraNA denevAloM meM ananta jaise loga bhI hote haiM jo AtmAbhimAna-zUnya hote haiM, zatru se guptarUpa se mile hue hote haiN| ananta, dhanapati aura bhaviSyadatta ke kathana isa paristhiti para prakAza DAlate haiN| Age calakara ananta to khule rUpa se citrAMga ke sAtha calA gayA / hamAre yahAM zAsanavyavasthA ko andara se kureda-kureda kara khokhalI banAne vAle tattva aparicita nahIM haiM-ananta usI kA namUnA hai / dUta sambandhI vyavahAra meM viziSTa nIti nirdhArita hai / isa dRSTi se yaha prasaMga dekhane yogya hai| citrAMga kI anargala bAta sunakara bhaviSyadatta kruddha hokara bolApuNa puNuvi sumittahi kayapaNIha kappeviNa karayali gharaha jIha / ukkhaNivi nayaNa chindevi nAsu muMDivi sira khari saMjavaho daasu|| 13.12.5-6 bhaviSyadatta ne isa prakAra usa dUta kI jihvA ko kATane, prAMkhoM ko ukhAr3ane, nAka ko chedane aura sira ko muMDAkara use gardabha para baiThAne kI icchA vyakta kI / para dhanapati ne use Toka kara kahA-pratipakSa ke dUta para isa prakAra prahAra nahIM karanA cAhie, usameM apayaza hogaa| (13.12.9) - yaha samasta prasaMga nATyamaya hai| aisA jAna par3atA hai ki use hama raMga-maMca para maMcita rUpa meM dekha rahe haiN| yuddha meM vijayazrI ne bhaviSyadatta kA varaNa kiyA, tadanantara rAjA bhUpAla ne usakA apanI kanyA sumitrA se vivAha karake use apane Adhe rAjya kA svAmI banA diyaa| dekhie, aba vijetA ne jita rAjAoM ke sAtha kaisA vyavahAra kiyaa| bhAratIya paramparA

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104 jainavidhA ke anusAra raghu prAdi prAgaitihAsika kAla ke rAjAoM ne, yahAM taka ki madhyayuga ke kaI zAsakoM ne parAjita rAjAnoM ko sammAnapUrvaka unake apane-apane rAjya lauTA diye the / yaha prAdarzaniSTha yathArtha vA yathArthAzrita Adarza hai / prAdarza kahIM hamAre jIvana kI paridhi ke bAhara nahIM haiM, ve usake andara hI haiM / lakSya mAnakara unheM yathAzakti kAryAnvita karane kA yatna karanA cAhie / rAjA bhUpAla aura bhaviSyadatta ne jina rAja-puruSoM ko sammAnapUrvaka bulAyA unako samAhata karake unheM unake rAjya vApisa dekara lauTA diyaa| bhArata ke itihAsa meM aisI udAratA aura udAttatA ke aneka udAharaNa haiM, unheM kalpanAmAtra nahIM samajhanA caahie| - "bhavisayattakahA" meM bAlaka kI nAmakaraNa-vidhi kA ullekha hai (1.16) / yaha vidhi sampradAyavizeSa kI paramparA ke anusAra sampanna kI jAtI hai / kavi ne kahA haivastrAbharaNa vibhUSita sundara striyAM putra-janma ke bAda eka mahInA vyatIta ho jAne para mAtA (haribala-duhitA, arthAt dhanapati kI patnI) aura usake nava-jAta zizu ko lekara jina-mandira gayIM / bAlaka ko jinavara ke darzana karAye gaye, paMca-maMgala kahe gaye aura bAlaka ke kAna meM jinendra kA nAmoccAraNa karake usakA nAmakaraNa kiyA gyaa| kahanA na hogA, dhanapati dhana-sampanna thA isalie usa samaya ratnoM kI bauchAra kI gyii| dhanapati-kamalazrI ke vivAha kA varNana par3hate hI banatA hai / usase tatkAlIna paripATI kA svarUpa samajha meM prAtA hai / maNDapa sajAnA, toraNa taiyAra karanA, motiyoM se raMgAvalI sajAnA, homa karanA, vAdya-vAdana, bahuvidha bhojya vastuoM kA sevana karAnA, . tAmbUlasevana prAdi kA ullekha kavi ne kiyA hai (1.2) / kamalazrI kI sakhiyoM ne vara ko lakSya karake hAsa-parihAsa-maya kaI bAteM khiiN| unase yaha citra jIvita-sA bana gayA hai / kavi ne kaI anyAnya mAnyatAoM kA, saMketoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / ye mAnyatAeM sabhI yugoM meM eka-sI haiM / udAharaNa ke lie dekhie-kamalazrI kI sakhiyAM yathAkAla putravatI huI, taba taka vaha svayaM santAna-hIna thI / ataH vyAkula hokara usane eka dina eka munipuMgava se pUchA-"paramesara prakiyastha kilesaI kiM avasANi amhatau hosai (1.14.3) tadanantara svapna meM usane putrajanma ke viSaya meM saMketa pAyA / santAnotpatti ke sambandha meM kisI sAdhu vA siddhapuruSa yA muni se pRcchA karane kA rivAja Aja bhI kAlabAhya nahIM mAnA jAtA / honI kI sUcanA svapna dvArA prApta ho sakatI hai, yaha mAnyatA bhI purANakAla se calI A rahI hai| zizu bhaviSyadatta kI krIr3AmoM kA varNana svabhAvokti alaMkAra kA uttama udAharaNa hai / sambhrAnta jaina parivAra meM utpanna bAlaka ko bhI zikSA ke lie "ujjhAsAla" arthAt "upAdhyAya ke ghara" bhejA jAtA thA / vahA~ para chAtra ko vyAkaraNa, koza Adi aneka kalAoM kI zikSA dI jAtI thI / jyotiSa, maMtra-taMtra, dhanurvijJAna, mallayuddha, gaja-turaMgacAlana Adi kA jJAna karAyA jAtA thA. (2.2) / jana mAnyatA kA eka udAharaNa

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janavidyA 105 saMdhi chaH meM pAyA jAtA hai / jaba koI priya vyakti bahuta dina pravAsa meM ho to usakI mAtA yA strI yA koI anya virahAkula strI kaue ko kisI upAya se ur3a jAne ko bAdhya kara detI hai aura usase mAno vinaya karatI hai ki vaha use apane sAtha le pAe / kavi kahatA hai, kamalazrI "dukkhamahamNava-khittI (DUbI)" hai-use prAsana, zayana, vacana nahIM bhA rahe haiM / vaha kaue ko ur3Akara usase vinaya karatI hai rari vAyasa jai kipi viyArahiM bhavisayattu mahu paMgaNi prANahiM / ' 6.1.7 aisI duHkhAvasthA meM manuSya, vizeSataH strI iSTa-pUrti ke hetu vrata prAdi grahaNa karatI hai / Ama taura para isa sambandha meM mArgadarzana kiyA jAtA hai kisI bujurga dvArA yA guru dvArA, siddha-sAdhaka dvArA / saMyoga se kamalazrI ko eka suvratA nAmnI mahAvratadhAriNI tApasI ke darzana hue| usane kamalazrI ko suyapaMcamI vrata grahaNa karane kA upadeza diyaa| taba usane vrata dhAraNa karake usakA nirvAha kiyA (6.2.3) / yahAM kahanA na hogA ki dhanapAla ne "suyapaMcamI" vrata kA mAhAtmya sUcita karane ke lie hI isa kathA kA varNana kiyA hai / kavi ne kathA ke upasaMhAra meM bhI suyapaMcamI vrata kI mahattA kI ora saMketa karane ke hetu kahA hai aho loyaho suyapaMcamivihANu iu jaM taM cintiya suhanihANu / dUrayarapaNAsiyapAvareNu eha jA sA vuccai kAmadheNa // phalu dei jahicchiu mattaloi cintAmaNi vuccai teNa loi // 22.10 isa vrata kA pArI mokSa ko prApta ho jAtA hai| bhavisayattakahA ke pAtra jainamatAvalambI haiM, ve bhaktizIla haiM / kavi ne yathAsthAna inameM se kaI pAtroM kI dhArmika pravRttiyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai| zizu bhaviSyadatta ko jinamandira meM le jAyA gayA aura vahIM para usake kAna meM jina-nAma kA uccAraNa karake usakA nAmakaraNa kiyA gayA (1.16), use gurugRha meM "muNimakkhara" arthAt jainAgama Adi sikhAyA gayA (2.2) / tilaka dvIpa meM jina-mandira thaa| bhaviSyadatta ne mandira meM jAkara jinendra candraprabha kA pUjana kiyA, stuti kI (4.7, 12) / bhaviSyadatta aura bhaviSyAnurUpA kA vivAha jina-mandira meM sampanna humA (422) / kamalazrI ne jaina paramparA ke anusAra suyapaMcamI kA vrata rakhA / isa prakAra ke aura bhI kaI sthAnoM kA ullekha kiyA jA sakatA hai| janadarzana meM karma-siddhAnta kA bahuta mahattva hai / pUrvajanma meM kRta-karma ke bhale bure phala jIva ko bhogane par3ate haiN| isa karma-siddhAnta kI aora isa kathA meM kaI sthAnoM para saMketa kiyA gayA hai / pUrvakRta karma ke phalasvarUpa kamalazrI pati dvArA pahale upekSita huI aura punaH usakA bhAgya udita huaa| bhaviSyadatta kA sampUrNa jIvana-krama usI karma ke

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106 jainavidyA pariNAmasvarUpa cala rahA thaa| usake phalasvarUpa hI maNibhadra yakSa usakI sahAyatA ke lie daur3A / kavi ne isa siddhAnta ke aneka pahaluoM para bhaviSyadatta Adi ke zabdoM meM prakAza DAlA hai / isa siddhAnta ke spaSTIkaraNArtha hI bhaviSyadatta prAdi ke pUrvabhavoM kI tathA paravartI bhavoM kI kathA kahI gayI hai| dArzanika siddhAntoM kA vivaraNa abhinanda dvArA prastuta kiyA gayA hai| ... saMsAra meM aise vyaktiyoM ke udAharaNa kama nahIM haiM jinhoMne sarvocca sthiti taka pahuMcane para sIdhe vairAgya ko apanA liyA / jo jitanA adhika bhogI ho, parigrahI ho, vaha utanA hI tyAgI-virAgI bana sakatA hai| bhaviSyadatta dvArA pravrajyA grahaNa karanA isI kA yathArtha namUnA hai| anta meM itanA kahanA paryApta hogA ki kavi ne apane cAroM prora ke samAja ke vyakti, parivAra, zAsana-vyavasthA prAdi meM jo jIvana-pravRttiyAM dekhIM, unakA citra, eka paurANika kathA ke mAdhyama se, usake viziSTa uddezya ko najara-andAja na karate hue, bhavisayattakahA meM aMkita karane kA saphala prayAsa kiyA hai|

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bhavisayattakahA (supra paMcami phala) kI saMsthAna meM prApta pANDulipiyoM ko prazastiyA~ -paM0 bhaMvaralAla polyAkA 1. veSTana saM0 748/patra saMkhyA 107/sAija 103"x4"/ghaNavAla / atha saMvatsare'sminnUpa zrI vikramAditya rAjye saMvat 1564 varSe phAlguna sudi tithi paMcami vAra prAditya azvini nkss".....| 2. veSTana saM0 749/patra-94/sAija-10"x5"/apUrNa / 3. veSTana saM. 751/patra-97/sAija-111x51"/prati prAcIna evaM jIrNa hai| . patra taDakane lage haiN| 4. veSTana saM0 752/patra saM0-108/sAija-11"x51"/pUrNa / saMvat 1588 varSe mArgasira sudi 5 guravAsare likhitaM ThAkurau zrI brahmadAsu kAyasthu mAthura // subha bhavat / / ___ saMvat 1589 varSe zrAvaNa zudi paurNamAsyAM budhavAsare zravaNa nakSetre zrI pArzvanAtha caityAlaye zrI mUlasaMgha naMdyAmnAye sarasvatIgacche balAtkAragaNe kundakundAcAryAnvaye bhaTTAraka zrI padyanaMdidevAstatpa? bha0 zrI zubhacandradevAstatpa? bha0 zrI jinacandradevAstatpa? bha0 zrI prabhAcandradevAstacchiSya maMDalAcArya zrI dharmacandradevAH tasyAmnAye zrI khaMDeravAlAnvaye / vaidya gotre paMDita-ziromaNi paMDita pamA tasya bhAryA pdmshriiH| dvitIya bhAryA suuho| tatputra paMDita vijhaa| paM0 surajana / tayormadhye paM0 vijhaa| bhAryA vijaNi tasya trayaH putrAH / prathama paMDita zrI dharmadAsa bhAryA dhrmshrii| dvitIya bhAryA koddmde| tatputra paM0 rekhA bhA0

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jaina vidyA rikhisiri / dvitIya bhAryA lADamade / tatputra- jiraNadAsa / dvitIya putra paM0 manoratha bhAryA manasiri / tatputra paM. devA / tRtIya putra paM. caukhA / bhAryA cokhasiri / tatputra prathama sumatidAsa dvitIya IsaradAsa eteSAM madhye paMDita dharmadAsa ta0 bhAryA dharmazrI tayA likhApya bhaviSyadatta paMcamI / zrAcArya zrI mAghanaMdine dattA karmakSayanimittaM / zubhaM bhavatu // 108 5. veSTana saM0 753 / patra saM0 - 197 / lipisthAna - mojAbAda / sAija - 11"X4" 1 saMvat 1595 mAgha mAse zuklapakSe tithi 15 ravivAsare nakSatra azleSA rAjAdhirAja kachavAhA karamacaMda mojAbAda madhye // likhyataM rAmadAsa || 11 zrI mUlasaMghe naMdyAmnAye balAtkAragaNe sarasvatI gacche zrI kuMdakuMdAcAryAnvaye bhaTTAra zrI padmanaMdidevAstatpaTTe bhaTTAraka zrI zubhacandradevAstatpaTTe bhaTTAraka zrI jinacaMdra devAstatpaTTe bhaTTAraka zrI prabhAcaMdra devAstatsiSya maMDalAcArya zrI dharmacandra devAstadAmnAye khaMDelavAlAnvaye pATaNI gotre sAMgAnayari vAstavye sAha hemA bhAryA kelU putrAH trayaH prathama sAha saravaraNa bhAryA lADI tayoH putrA sAha DAlU bhAryA UdI tayoH putra rANau dvitIya rAmadAsa dvitIya goda bhAryA gaurI tRtIya TehU bhAryA TehUsiri dvitIya sAha hIrA bhAryA tyaparU tayoH putrA : trayaH prathama durgA dvitIya paravaMta tRtI gonA / DUgara bhAryA dharamA putrau dvau pra0 sA0 cAcA dvi0 dyorAja paraMvata bhAryA pUnA tayoH putrI dvo prathama soDhA / dvi0 chAjU gonA bhAryA gaMgA tayoH putraH mAdhava / tRtIya sA0 tejA bhAryA dAmA / hIrA hIrA nAmnA idaM zAstraM likhApya jJAnapAtrAya brahma kolhAya dattaM / bhavatu / 6. veSTana saM0 754 / patra saM0 171 / sAija - 12 " x 5" / prati prAcIna hai / 7. veSTana saM0 755 / patra saM0 115 / sAija - 12 " x 5" / saM0 1540 varSe prAsauja sudi 12 sanivAsare ghaniSTA nakSatre likhitaM hemA zubhaM zrI. mUlasaMghe sarasvatIgacche balAtkAragaNe zrI kundakundAcAryAnvaye bhaTTAraka zrI sakalakIrti tatpaTTe bhaTTAraka bhuvanakIrti tatpaTTe bhaTTAraka zrI jJAna bhUSaNa gurUpadezAt muni zrI ratnakIrti paThanArthaM khaMDelavAla jJAtIya sAha lAlA bhAryA lalatA de suta sA0 vIrama bhAryA bIlaNa mrAtR paravata bhAryA puhasiri tatputrAH balarAja netu etaiH jJAnAvaraNakarmma - kSayArthaM lekhAyitvA dattaM // cha // 8. veSThana saM0 756 / patra saM0 146 / sAija - 103/4"x5" /

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jaina vidyA 109 saMvat 1589 varSe / kArtika mAse shuklpkss| mArgasira mAse kRSNapakSe dveja vRhaspativAsare zrI mUlasaghe naMdyAmnAye valAtkAragaNe sarasvattI gacche zrI kuMdakuMdAcAryAnvaye bhaTTAraka zrI padmanaMdidevAstaspaTTa bhaTTAraka zrI zubhacandradevA statpaTTa bhaTTAra zrI jinacandradevAstatpaTTe bhaTTAraka zrI prabhAcandradevAstatsiSya maMDalAcArya zrI dharmacandrastadAmnAye ajamera mahAgaDha vAstavye rAva zrI jagamala rAjya pravartamAne khaMDelavAlAnvaye godhA gotre / saMghabhAradhuraMdhara saM0 pArasa tadbhAryA pausiri tayoH putrAH prathama jinapUjApuraMdara / saM0 phAlhA dvitIya saM0 sAdhU tRtIya jinapUjapuraMdara saM0 dAmA caturtha saM0 / hAsA / saM0 / phAlA bhAryA phalhasiri / 9. veSTana saM0 757/patra saM0 170/sAija-9x48"/apUrNa pratibhIgI hai| . 10. veSTana saM. 758/patra saM. 140/saaij-11x5"| prati bhIgI aura jIrNa hai| __atha saMvatsaresmin zrI nRpabikramAdItyagatAbdaH saMvat 1582 varSe zrAvaNa sudi 11 ravivAsare kurujAMgaladese zrIpAlaMva subhasthAne zrI virAhima rAjya pravarttamAne zrI kASTAsaMghe mAthurAnvaye puSkaragaNe ubhayabhASApravINa tapaniSiH zrI mAhavasenadevA: tatpa? siddhAntajalasamudraH bhaTThAraka zrI uddharasenadevAH taspaTTa vivekalokekamalinIvikAsanaka dinamaNiH bhaTTAraka zrI devasenadevAH tatpaTTe kavividyApradhAna bhaTTAraka zrI vimalasenadevAH tatpaTTe bhaTTAraka zrI dharmasenadevAH tatpaTTe bhaTTAraka zrI guNakIrtidevAH tatpaTTAlaMkAra zrIyasaHkotidevAH tatpaTTa vAdIbhakuMbhasthalavidAraNaphakesari bhaTTAraka zrI guNabhadrasUri tasya ziSya cAritracUr3AmaNi maMDalAcArya muni kSemakItti tadAmnAye agrotakAnvaye gargAgotre vaseIvAstavye paMcamI uddharaNadhI zrAvakAcAradakSa sAdhu chAjU tadbhAryA sAdhI tasya putra tIna prathama putra sAdhudhI dutiya putra sAdhu pAlhA tritiya putru sAdhu lADamu tadbhAryA sAdhvI kalho tasya putra tIni prathama putra sAdhu golhe tadbhAryA sAdhvI pyArI tasya putra cAri prathama putru devagurusAstrabhaktu sAstradAnadAyaku sAdhu pacAiNu sAdhu gelhe dutiya putru sAdhu raNamalu tritiya putru sAdhurAja caturtha putru sAdhu bhojarAju sAdhu lADama dutiya putru paMDita guNa virAjamAna paMDita hariyAlu tadbhAryA sIlatoyataraMgiNI vinayavAgesvarI sAdhvI saro tasya putra tIni prathama putru sAdhujIvaMdu dutiya putru sAdhu deIdA triti putra sAdhu mANikacaMdu sAdhu lADama tritiyaputru sAdhu siurAju tadbhAryA sAdhvI sunakhA paMcamI uddharaNadhIra sAdhu gelhe sutu sAdhu pacAiNu tena idaM zrutapaMcamI bhavisadatta sAstra likhAtataM / paMcamI uddharaNadhIra zrAvakAcAradakSa caturvidhadAnakalpavRkSa sAdhu jagamala upakArena ||ch|| 13u...

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zrAvaka ke aSTa mUlaguraNa (dhanapAla kI dRSTi meM) mahu majju maMsu paMcuvarAI, khajaMti na jmmNtrsyaaii| vijjati na kahuvi hiyattaNeNeNa, pahu citijati vi niyamaNeNa / annaho vi prasaMtaho ahiyadosu, 1. na karivvau mariNa mahilAsu tosu / te praThTha mUlaguNa ema hoMti, viNu tehi pannauttara na ThaMti / bhASAntara-(zrAvaka dvArA) madhu, madya, mAMsa aura pAMca udambara phala (var3a, pIpala, pAkara phala, kaThumbara aura maMjIra) janma-janmAntara meM bhI nahIM khAye jAte aura na kisI ko bhI hitapane se diye jAte haiM; (usake dvArA to) apane mana se prabhu kA cintavana kiyA jAtA hai| dUsare ke prazAMta hone para bhI usakI icchApUrti kA ahitakArI doSa mana se bhI nahIM karanA caahie| ye pATha mUlaguNa isa prakAra ke hote haiM / binA inake anya uttaraguNa nahIM hote / bhavi. 17.8.1-4

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purANa-sUktikoza [sAhitya manISiyoM ne sUkti ko sAhitya kI muktaka-kAvya-vidhA ke antargata garmita kiyA hai, kAraNa ki yaha muktaka kAvya dohA prAdi kI bhAMti hI pUrNarUpa se svatantra hotI hai, kisI pUrvApara kAvyAMza se isakA sambaddha honA Avazyaka nahIM hai / sUkti kI bhASA camatkArapUrNa hotI hai / vaha zrotA athavA pAThaka ke mAnasa para sIdhI coTa karane-use pUrNarUpa se prabhAvita karane kA sAmarthya rakhatI hai / zrotA athavA pAThaka kAvyamarmajJa cAhe na ho kintu sUkti ke zabda sunakara bhAvavibhora avazya ho uThatA hai, use aisA anubhava hotA hai mAno kisI ne usake kAnoM meM madhura-ssa kI dhArA pravAhita kara dI ho / sUkti ke bhAvoM ko, usake kathya ko usameM prayukta zabdoM kA sIdhA-sAdA artha karake nahIM samajhA jA sakatA / usake lie abhidhA kA parityAga kara vyaMjanA kA sahArA lenA par3atA hai / aisA karake hI sUkti ke yathArtha ko hRdayaMgama kiyA jA sakatA hai / saccA sAhitya vaha hotA hai jo hita, mita evaM priya ho / sAhitya kI yaha paribhASA sUkti para pUrNarUpa se ghaTita hotI hai / vaha sarvahitakArI hone se kAlika satya kA pratipAdana karatI hai / aisI sUkti ho hI nahIM sakatI jo kisI ke lie ahitakArI ho / karNapriya to vaha hotI hI hai kintu sabase bar3I vizeSatA jo usameM hotI hai vaha hai usakA mitAkSarI honA / sUktikAra kama se kama zabdoM kA prayoga karake adhika se adhika jo kahanA cAhatA hai kaha detA hai / vAstava meM "gAgara meM sAgara" vAlI ukti pUrNarUpa se sUkti para ghaTita hotI hai| .. purANa hamAre sAhitya kI pramUlya dharohara haiM / jainapurANakAroM ne jitane bhI sAhitya : kA nirmANa kiyA hai vaha saba janakalyANa kI pavitra bhAvanA se protaprota hokara hI kiyA hai prataH yaha svAbhAvika hai ki unameM isa prakAra kI sUktiyoM kA prayoga pracura mAtrA meM ho| sUktiyoM kI upayogitA ko dRSTigata rakhate. hue saMsthAna ne purANoM meM prayukta sUktiyoM kA eka saMgraha prakAzita karane kA nizcaya kiyA hai / etadartha prayoga ke rUpa meM usane saMskRta ke ina pAMca pramukha jana purANoM kA cayana kiyA hai-1. mahApurANa 2. harivaMzapurANa 3. pANDavapurANa 4. padmapurANa aura 5. vardhamAna purANa / isa saMgraha kA kucha aMza jainavidyA patrikA meM prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai jisase ki vidvAn pAThakoM kI isa sambandha meM sammati jJAta kI jA ske| (pro.) pravINacandra jaina sampAdaka ] :

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purANa sUktikoza anuprekSA ma. pu. 42.127 pa. pu. 118.103 va. ca. 5.101 va. ca. 11.133 pa. pu. 110.55 ma. pu. 66.11 pa. pu. 12.51 va. ca. 11.14 / 1. vinA'nuprekSaNazcittasamAdhAnaM hi durlabham / 2. manuSyajIvitamidaM kSaraNAnnAzamupAgatam / 3. sarva bhaMguraM vizvasaMbhavam / 4. kSaraNava'si jagat / 5. vidyadAkAlikaM ghetajjagatsAravijitam / 6. kasyAtra baddhamUlatvaM ? 7. ko'tra kasya suhRjjana: ? 8. na ko'pi zaraNaM jAtu rugmRtyAdestathAGginAm / . 9. saMsAre sAragandho'pi na kazcidiha vidyate / 10. saMsAraM duHkhabhAjanam / 11. saMsAraH saarvjitH| 12. niHsAre khalu saMsAre sukhalezo'pi durlabhaH / 13. prasAro'yamaho'tyantaM saMsAro duHkhapUritaH / 14. prApyate sumahaduHkhaM jantubhirbhavasAgare / 15. duHkhaM saMsArasaMjJakam / 16. ekAkinava kartavyaM saMsArai parivartanam / 17.. eka eva bhavabhRtprajAyate mRtyumeti punareka eva tu / pa. pu. 78 24 pa. pu. 8.220 pa. pu. 12.50 m 17.17 pa. pu. 39.172 pa. pu. 5 121 pa pu. 2.181 pa. pu. 5.231 ha.pu 63.82

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janavidyA 113 - anuprekSAnoM kA cintavana kiye binA citta kA samAdhAna kaThina hai| - manuSya kA yaha jIvana kSaNabhara meM naSTa ho jAtA hai| saMsAra meM utpanna sabhI vastueM kSaNa-maMgura haiM / - saMsAra kSaNabhaMgura hai| - saMsAra bijalI ke samAna kSaNabhaMgura tathA sArahIna hai / - isa saMsAra meM majabUta jar3a kisI kI nahIM hai| - saMsAra meM koI kisI kA mitra nahIM hai| - prANiyoM ko roga maura maraNa se bacAne ke lie koI bhI zaraNa nahIM hai / - saMsAra meM kucha bhI sAra nahIM hai / - yaha saMsAra duHkha kA sthAna hai / - saMsAra prasAra hai| - vastutaH isa prasAra saMsAra meM lezamAtra bhI sukha durlabha hai| - yaha saMsAra prasAra aura pratyanta duHkha se bharA hai| - prANI saMsArarUpI sAgara meM bahuta duHkha pAte haiN| - duHkha hI saMsAra kA dUsarA nAma hai| - jIva ko saMsAra meM akele hI pramaNa karanA par3atA hai| - yaha jIva akelA hI janmatA aura akelA hI maratA hai /

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114 janavidyA va.ca.6.21 pa. pu. 14.46 18. saMsAro'nAdirevAyaM kathaM syAt prItaye satAm ? 19. sarva tu du:khamevAtra sukhaM tatrApi kalpitam / avasara ko zreSThatA 20. kAlajJAnaM hI sarveSAM nayAnAM mUrdhani sthitam / 21. kAlaviddhi kurute yathocitam / pa. pu. 24.100 .ha. pu. 63.31 avasthA ha. pu. 21.34 pa. pu. 7.197 22. sarvasAdhAraNaM nRNAmavasthAntaravartanammAna azakya 23. bhavebamRtavallIto viSasya prasavaH katham ? 24. avalambya zilAkaNThe doyA tatuM na zakyate / 25. na hi sAgararatnAnAmutpattiH saraso bhavet / 26. bAlukApoDanA bAlasnehaH saMjAyate'tha kim ? 27. noranirmathane labdhirnavanItasya kiM kRtA ? pa.pu 123.75 pa. pa. 31.155. pa. pu. 118.79. pa. pu. 118.79 ma. pu. 74.63 prAtmA jIva 28. jalaH kiM zuddhirAtmanaH ? 29 nAmalAmAtparaM jJAnam / 30. nAsmalAbhAtparaM sukham / 31. nAtmalAbhAtpara dhyAnaM / 32. nAtmalAmAtparaM padam / 33. kuruSvaM citsvabandhutAm / pA. pu 25.115 pA. pu. 25.115 pA. pu. 25.115 pA. pu. 25.115 pa. pu. 106.129

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banavidyA -yaha anAdi saMsAra satpuruSoM kI prIti ke lie nahIM ho sakatA / -isa loka meM saba duHkha hI duHkha hai, sukha to kalpanAmAtra hai| -samaya kA jJAna saba nayoM (dRSTiyoM) se zreSTha hai / --avasara ko jAnanevAlA hI nizcaya se yathAyogya kArya karatA hai / -manuSyoM kI pravasthAnoM kA parivartita honA sAmAnya bAta hai| -amRta kI bela se viSa kI utpatti nahIM ho sktii| -kaMTha meM zilA bAMdhakara bhujAoM se terA nahIM jA sktaa| -samudra ke ratnoM kI utpatti sarovara se nahIM ho sakatI / -bAlU ke pelane se lezamAtra bhI tela nahIM nikala sakatA / -pAnI ke mathane se makkhana kI prApti nahIM ho sktii| jala se prAtmA kI zuddhi nahIM hotii| --prAtmalAbha se koI bar3A jJAna nahIM hai / --prAtmalAbha se bar3A koI sukha nahIM hai / -prAtmalAbha se bar3A koI dhyAna nahIM hai| -prAtmalAbha se bar3A koI pada nahIM hai / -apane citsvarUpa ke sAtha baMdhutA kro|

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116 janavidyA 34. svabhAvavimalo'nAdisiddho nAstIha kazcana / 35. yAti jIvo'yamekakaH / 36. pakSI vRkSamiva tyaktvA dehaM jnturgmissyti| 37. bhave caturgatau bhrAmyan jIvo duHkhaizcitaH sadA / 38. ekAkI jAyate prANI ho ko yAti yamAntikam / 39. vidyate sa pradezo na yatrotpannA mRtA na ca / 40. kApacaitanyayonakyaM virodhiguNayogataH / 41. vicitraM khalu saMsAre prANinAM naTaceSTitam / / ma. pu. 42.101 pa. pu. 31.145 pa. pu. 31.239 pa. pu. 17.175 va. ca. 11.35 va.pa. 11.29 ma. pu. 5.52 pa. pu. 85.92 prAyu pa. pu. 44.100 ma. pu. 46.192 ma. pu. 48.7 ma. pu. 17.16 ma. pra. 8.54 ba. ca. 115 42. pratIkSate hi tatkAla mRtyuH karmapracoditaH / 43. praayurvaayuclN| 44. bhApurjalaM galatyAe / 45. ghaTikAjaladhAreva galatyAyuH sthitivRtam / 46. pratikSaNaM gltyaayuH| 47. prAyunityaM yamAkrAntam / 48. mAyureva nijatrANakAraNam, tatkSaye bhavati sarvathA kSayaH / 49. AyuHkarmAnubhAvena prAptakAlo vipadyate / prAzA 50. kimAzA nAvalambate ? 51. mAzA hi mahatI nRNAm / . 52. mAzApAzavazAjjIvAH mucyante dharmabandhunA / ha. pu. 63.69 pa. pu. 52.66 ma. pu. 44.305 ma. pu. 43.268 pa. pu. 14.102

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janavidyA 117 -isa saMsAra meM koI bhI jIva svabhAva se nirmala aura anAdi se siddha nahIM hotaa| -yaha jIva akelA hI jAtA hai| -jaise pakSI vRkSa ko chor3akara calA jAtA hai vaise hI yaha jIva zarIra ko chor3akara calA jaavegaa| -jIva caturgatirUpa saMsAra meM bhramaNa karatA huA sadA duHkhI rahatA hai| -jIva akelA hI janma letA aura akelA hI maratA hai| -saMsAra meM aisA koI bhI sthAna nahIM hai jahAM jIvoM ne janma aura maraNa nahIM kiye hoN| -zarIra aura cetana meM paraspara virodhI guNa hone se donoM eka nahIM ho skte| .. -saMsAra meM prANiyoM kI ceSTAeM naTa kI ceSTAoM ke samAna vicitra hotI haiN| -karma se prerita mRtyu apane samaya kI pratIkSA karatI hI hai| .. . -prAyu vAyu ke samAna caMcala hai| / -prAyu hima ke samAna zIghra galanazIla hai| prAyu kI sthiti ghaTI-yantra kI jaladhArA ke samAna zIghratA se kama hotI rahatI hai| -prAyu pratikSaNa naSTa ho rahI hai / -prAyu nitya hI yama se prAkrAnta hai| -prAyu hI apanI rakSA kA kAraNa hai, usakA kSaya ho jAne para saba prakAra se kSaya ho jAtA hai| - prAyukarma kI samApti para mRtyu nizcita hai / - prAzA saba vastuoM kI hotI hai / - manuSya ko prAzA bahuta bar3I hotI hai / - dharmarUpI baMdhu ke dvArA jIva prAzArUpI pAza se mukta ho jAte haiM /

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jaina vidyA prAzraya 53. mAzrayaH kasya vaiziSTyaM viziSTo na prakalpate ? malinAnapi no dhatte kaH zritAnanapAyinaH ? 55. sthIyate dinamapyekaM prItistatrApi jAyate / 56. prAzrayasAmarthyAt puMsAM ki nopajAyate ? .. ma. pu. 58 28 ma. pu. 6.79 pa. pu. 91.45 pa. pu. 47.20 ma. pu. 68.638 pa. pu. 39.36 icchA 57. sadbhatyamitrasaMbandhAd bhavantIpsitasiddhayaH / 58. nissAramohitaM sarva saMsAre duHkhakAraNam / 59. bigicchAmantajitAm / 60. sarvo hi vAcati jano viSayaM manojam / 61. mAha lAdaH kasya vA na syAd IpsitArthasamAgame ? 62. janturantakadantastho hanta jIvitamIhate / 63. sopAyA hi jigiissv.| ucita 64. na gajasyocitA ghaMTA sArameyasya shobhte| pa pu. 5.307 ma. pu. 29.153 ma. pa. 43.283 ma. pu. 49.4 ma. pu. 15.97 pa. pu. 74.93 unnati ma pu. 14.64 65. sUnnataH kasya nAzrayaH ? 66. ko na gacchati saMtoSamuttarottaravRddhitaH ? ma pu. 71.398 upakAra 67. praNipAtAvasAno hi kopo vipulacetasAm / pA. pu. 20.352

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janavidyA 119.. - viziSTa kA prAzraya sabako viziSTatA detA hai / - malina hote hue bhI nirupadravI adhInoM ko saba prAzraya dete haiM / - jIva eka dina ke lie bhI jahA~ rahatA hai usase usakI prIti ho jAtI hai / prAzraya ke sAmarthya se manuSyoM ko saba kucha milatA hai / - uttama sevakoM aura mitroM ke sahayoga se iSTasiddhiyAM ho jAtI haiM / . - saMsAra meM samasta icchAeM niHsAra tathA duHkha kA kAraNa haiN| - antarahita icchA ko dhikkAra hai / - sabhI loga manojJa viSaya ko hI cAhate haiM / - abhISTa padArtha kI prApti para sabako prAnanda hotA hai| - kheda hai ki jIva yama ke dAMtoM ke bIca rahakara bhI jIvita rahanA cAhatA hai| - vijaya ke icchuka manuSya upAya karate hI haiN| - hAthI ke yogya ghaMTA kutte ko zobhA nahIM detA arthAt vastueM yathAsthAna hI suzobhita hotI haiN| - acchI taraha unnata humA vyakti sabakA prAzraya hotA hai / - apanI uttarottara unnati se saba santuSTa hote haiM / - udAracittavAloM kA kopa vinatI (caraNa-pratipAta) paryanta hI rahatA hai|

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120 janavidyA pa. pu. 12.131 ma. pu 46.316 ma. pu. 75.365 68. udArA bhavanti hi vyaapraaH| 69. pApinAmupakAro'pi subhujaMgapayAyate / 70. akAraNopakArANAmavazyaMbhAvi tatphalam / 71. kathaM hanyA upakArakarA narAH ? 72. samASaye hi sarvo'yaM parispando hitArthinAm / 73. bhavetsvArthA praarthtaa| 74. paropakAravRttInAM paratRptiH svatRptaye / 75. mukhyaM phalaM nanu phaleSu paropakAraH / pA. pu. 12.297 ma. pu. 11.71 ma. pu. 59.65 ma..59.67 ma. pu. 76.554

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jainavidyA 121 - nizcaya hI udAra manuSya dayAlu hote haiM / - pApI para upakAra karanA sAMpa ko dUdha pilAnA hai / - binA kAraNa (niHsvArtha) kiye gaye upakAra avazya hI phaladAyI hote haiM / - upakAra karanevAle manuSya mArane yogya nahIM ho sakate / - paropakArI puruSoM kI sampUrNa kriyAeM dUsaroM kI bhalAI ke lie hI hotI haiM / - paropakAra meM svopakAra nihita hai / . - paropakArI ke lie dUsaroM kI santuSTi hI apanI santuSTi hai / - saba phaloM meM paropakAra hI mukhya phala hai /

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122 3. sUcanAeM 1. patrikA sAmAnyataH varSa meM do bAra prakAzita hogii| 2. patrikA meM zodha-khoja, adhyayana-anusandhAna sambandhI maulika aprakAzita racanAoM ko hI sthAna milegA / 4. 5. 6. jainavidyA ( zodha-patrikA) 7. jaina vidyA racanAeM jisa rUpa meM prApta hoMgI unheM prAyaH usI rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA jAyagA / svabhAvataH tathyoM kI prAmANikatA Adi kA uttaradAyitva racanAkAra kA rahegA / racanAeM kAgaja ke eka ora kama se kama 3 semI. kA hAziyA chor3akara suvAcya akSaroM meM likhI athavA TAipa kI huI honI cAhie / anya adhyayana anusaMdhAna meM rata saMsthAnoM kI gatividhiyoM kA bhI paricaya prakAzita kiyA jA sakegA / samIkSArthaM pustakoM kI tIna-tIna pratiyAM zrAnA Avazyaka hai / racanAeM bhejane evaM anya saba prakAra ke patra vyavahAra ke lie patA sampAdaka jainavidyA jaina vidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI zrImahAvIrajI (jilA savAI mAdhopura) rAjasthAna 322220

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samAdhi saMsthAna kI ghoSita nIti ke anusAra patrikA ke isa aMka meM bhI apabhraMza bhASA . kI "samAdhi" zIrSaka racanA sAnuvAda prakAzita kI jA rahI hai| jaina aura janetara donoM hI darzanoM meM samAdhi ke mahattva ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai kintu usakI paribhASA bhinna-bhinna rUpa meM kI gaI hai| "yoga-zAstra" ke kartA maharSi pataMjali ne "tadevArthamAtranirbhAsaM svarUpazUnyamiva samAdhiH" -dhyeyamAtra kI pratIti aura svarUpa ke zUnya kI bhAMti ho jAne ko samAdhi kahA hai arthAt ve AtmA ke paramatattva (Izvara) meM lIna ho jAne ko samAdhi mAnate haiM / jaina kisI aise Izvara kI sattA meM vizvAsa nahIM karate jo sRSTi kA kartAdhartA evaM karmaphaladAtA hai / unake anusAra to AtmA svayaM puruSArtha karake paramAtmA bana sakatA hai / janadarzana meM "appA appammi appaNe surado" prAtmA kA prAtmA dvArA AtmA meM lIna honA hI samyakcAritra kI pUrti mAnA hai / (samaNasuttaM : 268) ataH prAtmA hI dhyeya hai-"jhAyavvo Niya appA" (vahI : 288) cAritra, darzana evaM jJAnapUrvaka hotA hai / yaha hI mukti kA mArga hai-"samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokSamArgaH" (mokSazAstra 1.1) isIlie racanAkAra ne bhI "dasaNaNANacaritrasamiddhi" darzana, jJAna aura cAritra kI samRddhi ko samAdhi kA svarUpa kahA hai| racanA AdhyAtmika rasa se prota-prota hai / isake racanAkAra haiM muni cAritrasena / yaha saMsthAna ke pANDulipi vibhAga ke eka prAcIna guTake meM saMgRhIta hai jisameM lipikAra kA nAma athavA lipikAla likhA huA nahIM hai| racanAkAra ne bhI racanA meM svayaM kA koI paricaya nahIM diyA hai aura na racanAsthAna, racanAkAla Adi kA hI koI ullekha kiyA hai / DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI, nImaca ne apane "apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya kI zodha pravRttiyA~" zIrSaka nibandha meM prastuta racanA kA paMcAyatI di. jaina mandira dillI ke do guTakoM-91 tathA 94 meM lipibaddha honA batAyA hai kintu unameM bhI ina bAtoM kA koI ullekha ho aisA jJAta nahIM hotA kyoMki DaoN. zAstrI kA nibandha isa saMbaMdha meM mauna hai / jainadharma kA itihAsa : paM. paramAnaMdazAstrI, tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA : DaoN. nemIcaMda jyotiSAcArya, bhaTTAraka sampradAya : joharApurakara, apabhraMza sAhitya : DaoN. kochar3a, apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya : DaoN. devendrakumAra jaina (indora) Adi pustakeM evaM graMtha sUcI, pAMca bhAga : sAhityazodha vibhAga zrImahAvIrajI, nAgaura zAstrabhaNDAra kI sUcI : DaoN. premacanda prAdi pustakeM athavA graMtha-sUciyAM bhI isa sambandha meM hamArI koI sahAyatA nahIM karatIM / mudrita graMthoM kI kisI sUcI athavA sUcIpatra meM bhI isa racanA kA nAma dekhane meM nahIM pAyA ataH racanA aprakAzita hI jJAta hotI hai / racanA ke anuvAdaka haiM saMsthAna meM kAryarata suprasiddha vidvAn paM. bhaMvaralAla polyAkA jainadarzanAcArya, sA. zAstrI / anuvAda kI bhASA sarala aura subodha hai / prAzA hai hamAre pUrvaprakAzanoM ko bhAMti hI isakA bhI vidvatsamAja meM svAgata hogA / (pro.) pravINacandra jaina sampAdaka

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muriNa cArittaseNu samAdhi atha samAdhi likhyate gaNaharabhAsiya jiyasaMtisamAdhi, bNsnnnnaanncritrsmiti| samAdhi jiNadevahaM viTThI, jo karai so samAiTThI // samAdhi // // rAurosujiNaiM jo uvasami thakai / so paramappA dekharaNa sakkai // samAdhi // 2 // jo paramappA dekhaNa skki| rAurosujiNNaiM so upasami thakkaha // samAdhi // 3 // jo puNu bhAvalaDau appAraNauM jovii| so micchattu mahAtaru khovaI // samAdhi // 4 // jo micchatta mahAtaru khobi| so puNu bhAvalaga appAraNau jovaha // samadhi // 5 // tajiya duhu saMsArahaM pttu| jAmaNa appA pappu muNaMtau // samAdhi // 6 // aisau jANi jiyA appau jhAyai / to yanarAmarupau lahu pAvahi // samAdhi // 7 // prAisau jANi yA jai pichau kojai / khariNa khariNa puNu appA jhAijjai // samAdhi // 8 // appA jhAyantahaM jiraNavara ima bhAsai / sAsayasukkhu maraNaMtau payAsai // samAdhi // 9 //

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muNi cArittaseNu samAdhi aba samAdhi likhI jAtI hai / (samyak) darzana, jJAna evaM cAritra ina tInoM kI samRddhi ko gaNadharoM ne prAtmA ko zAnti denevAlI samAdhi kahA hai| jinendradeva dvArA upadiSTa isa samAdhi kA kartA hI samadRSTi hotA hai // 1 // jo rAgadveSa ko jIrNa karatA hai vaha hI upazama meM sthira hotA hai aura paramAtmA kA darzana kara sakatA hai / / 2 / jo paramAtmA kA darzana kara sakatA hai vaha hI rAga-dveSa ko jIrNa karatA hai, upazama meM sthira hotA hai // 3 // phira jo prAtmA ke bhAvoM ko jAnatA hai vaha mithyAtvarUpI mahAn vRkSa ko naSTa karatA hai / / 4 / / jo mithyAtvarUpI mahAn vRkSa ko naSTa karatA hai vaha hI phira prAtmA ke bhAvoM ko jAnatA hai // 5 // donoM saMsAra meM janma lenA chor3akara prAtmA ke dvArA prAtmA ko jAno / / 6 / / aisA samajhakara yadi jIva prAtmA kA dhyAna karatA hai to zIghra hI prajara-amara pada pA letA hai // 7 // jisa muni dvArA aisA jAnakara nizcaya kiyA jAtA hai aura phira pratikSaNa prAtmA kA dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai // 8 // jinendra bhagavAn aisA kahate haiM ki (usake) prAtmA kA dhyAna karate hue ananta zAzvata sukha prakAzita ho jAtA hai // 9 //

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126 jainavidyA jai parajaMtau maNa vArijjhai / to appA yaha thiru dhArijjai / / samAdhi / / 10 // jaya appA vahu para dhArijjai / to parajaMtau maNa vArijjai / samAdhi // 1.1 / / paMcaviddhaMdiya chaTThau maNu vaarii| appau bhiNNau jANahi NAraNI / / samAdhi // 12 // jo appA suddha vipriyaannii| so iMdiya maNa heu viyaanniN|| samAdhi // 13 // jo iMdiya maNu heu viyaarnniN| so paramappA suddha pariyANaiM // samAdhi // 14 // jIvAjIvahaM bheu murinnjji| jaya to kammakkhau lahu kijjai // samAdhi // 15 // jIva na jANi tuhu appaNau sroru| __appau jANahi NANagahIra // samAdhi / / 16 / / aisau jANi jiyA jiu ekku samiLU / daMsaragaNANacarittasamiLU // samAdhi // 17 // aisau jANi jiyA vedatya vibhinnA / puggala kamma vi appau bhiNNA ||smaadhi // 18 // jovaNu dhaNiya ghaNu pariyaNu NAsai / jIvahI dhaMmu sarIsau hosiN|| samAdhi // 19 // jo jIuvijIvaho guNu jaanniN| so dhaMmu vi jiNavara vara vANaiM / samAdhi // 20 // dhaNNu suvaSNu dhaNu piya putta kalattU / sarasau koI na jAi maraMtU // samAdhi // 21 // gAlihiM gAluDI puNu yAhiM ya ura / puSva riNabaddhau lakhai sAku // samAdhi // 22 // - jo puNu khama karai tasu pAu paraNAsai / sokkha pirantara so naru pAvesai // samAdhi // 23 // .

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jainavidyA 127 jitanI dera taka mana kA vAraNa kiyA jAtA hai utanI dera taka isa prAtmA dvArA sthitaratA dhAraNa kI jAtI hai // 10 // jitanI dera taka prAtmA dvArA sthiratA dhAraNa kI jAtI hai utanI dera taka mana kA vAraNa kiyA jAtA hai // 11 // jJAnI pAMca prakAra kI indriyoM aura chaThe mana kA vAraNa kara prAtmA ko bhinna jAnatA hai // 12 // jo prAtmA kA zuddha parijJAna kara letA hai vaha indriya aura mana ko heya jAnatA hai / / 13 / / jo indriya aura mana ko heya jAnatA hai vaha zuddha paramAtmA kA parijJAna kara letA hai / 14 / / jaba jIva aura ajIva ke bheda ko jAna letA hai taba zIghra hI karmoM kA kSaya . kara detA hai // 15 // tU apane zarIra ko jIva mata jAna, AtmA ko jJAna-gaMbhIra samajha // 16 // he jIva ! darzana, jJAna aura cAritra kI samRddhi ko hI prAtmA kI ekamAtra samRddhi samajha // 17 // he jIva, isa prakAra bhedajJAna karake pudgala, karma aura AtmA ko bhinna-bhinna jAna 1180 yauvana, dhAnya, dhana mora parijana naSTa ho jAveMge, jIva kA dharma hI sAthI hogA // 19 // jo jIva aura sajIva ke guNoM ko jAnatA hai vaha jinavara ke dharma ko bhI bhalIprakAra samajhatA hai / / 20 / dhAnya, suvarNa, dhana, pati, putra aura strI inameM se koI bhI maranevAle ke sAtha nahIM jAtA // 21 // gAla bajAnA chor3akara yaha hRdaya meM nizcaya samajha lo ki pUrvanibaddha (karma) hI sAtha jAtA hai / / 221 jo kSamA karatA hai usake pApa naSTa hoMge aura vaha nara nirantara sukha kI prApti kara legA // 23 //

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128 janavidyA aisau ANi jiya giThTharu Na cavijjai / dukhu kalesu Na keNa sahijjai // samAdhi // 24 // sAdhu veDulau suNu jIva marasa / appau raNAraNasarovari riNammali pesU // samAdhi // 25 // maNavacakAeNa jIvadaya kijjai / dukkhu kilesa jalaMjali dijjai / / samAdhi / / 26 // mIThau volijjai niThuru Na cavijjai / te Na jIva suha dukkhu uppajjai / / samAdhi // 27 // aisau jANi jiya parattati Na kijjai / jiNavaru rAmiu hiyai dharijjai // samAdhi / / 28 / jetau gehu lar3A tettau jiya dukkhu / ' Nehu cayaMtahaM lAbhai mokkha // samAdhi / / 29 // pANI bhariu sara viriNa viriNa chijjai / 'tima tima pAu tuhArI jhIjai / samAdhi // 30 // eindiycidiypttu| jAmaNa appA-prappu muNaMtau |smaadhi // 31 // aisau jANi jiyA lahu appA jhAhiM / sAsaya sukla vi yavicalu pAvahiM // samAdhi // 32 // sAsau rayaNattau jagi Nimmalu / jo bhAvai so chinnaDa kalimalu / samAdhi // 33 // saNu gANu caraNu jo jaagii| te tiNi vi appa maNi mAhiM // samAdhi // 34 // jo appahaM sabahaNu suriNammalu / so sadasaNa tuhuM bhAvahiM akhivalu // samAdhi // 35 // jo appA suTTa vijANijjai / so pichaya jiya pANu muriNajjai / / samAdhi // 36 // --- jo puNa puNa appA thira kijjai / so cAritta maNahaM bhAvijjA / / samAdhi // 37 //

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129 jaina vidyA aisA jAnakara jIva ko niSThura vacana nahIM bolanA cAhie, aise jIva dvArA koI bhI duHkha yA kleSa nahIM sahA jAtA / / 24 / / acchI taraha samajha lo aura suno-jIva mregaa| prAtmA ko nirmala jJAnasarovara meM praviSTa kara do // 25 // mana, vacana aura kAya se jIvadayA karanI cAhie aura duHkha tathA kleza ko jalAJjali denI cAhie // 26 // jo mIThA bolatA hai aura niSThura vacana nahIM kahatA usase jIva ke sukha-duHkha utpanna nahIM hote // 27 // hRdaya meM aisA jAnakara para meM rati nahIM karanA cAhie aura jinavararUpI rAma ko hRdaya meM dhAraNa karanA cAhie // 28 // jaba taka rAga hai taba taka hI jIva duHkhI hai| rAga chUTane para vaha mokSa prApta kara letA hai // 29 // jisa prakAra pAnI se bharA huA tAlAba pratidina chIjatA hai vaise hI terI prAyu bhI chIjatI hai / / 30 // ekendriya se paJcendriya taka ke jIvoM meM janmaprApti apane pApahI samajho // 31 // aisA samajha kara jo jIva prAtmA kA dhyAna karate haiM ve zIghra hI avicala zAzvata sukha ko pA lete haiM / / 32 // isa saMsAra meM zAzvata ratnatraya kI jo bhAvanA bhAtA hai usake pApamala kSINa ho jAte haiM // 33 // jo darzana, jJAna aura cAritra ko jAnate haiM ve ina tInoM ko hI AtmA kA ratna mAnate haiM / / 34 / / jo prAtmA kA sunirmala zraddhAna hai, vahI samyagdarzana hai, tU pratipala usako bhA // 35 // jo prAtmA ko bhalIprakAra jAna letA hai, vaha jIva nizcaya hI prAtmajJAna ko pahacAna letA hai / / 361 jo bAra-bAra mAtmA ko sthira karatA hai vaha mana se cAritra kI bhAvanA karatA hai // 37 //

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130 janavidyA yaha sivasokkhuha magnu muNIjjA / yaha sivasokkhahaM magnu muNijjai / / samAdhi // 38 // nai appA aSpaDi guNa lgnaa| te saMsAra mahAduha bhamnA / / samAdhi / / 391 karamu na kijjai sahajiya chijjai / appasvarUvaha jiu lAvai nai / / samAdhi // 4 // suddha phaliha sarisaDa jiu ikku kurantu / sakala deu vuccai arahantU // samAdhi // 410 aTThakammarahimau jiu sivapuri pattU / Nikkalu deu niriNadi vuttU // samAdhi // 42 // jIvahaM devattaNu jaannijji| savaNattau so deu guNijjai / samAdhi // 43 // yaha bhANa jiNu pubvi bhaavi| jo jiu bhAvai so sivasuhu pAvai ||smaadhi // 44 // iNi payAra bhAraNa (mAvaraNa ?) bhAvijjai / dukkhakha kammakkhau kinnai // samAdhi // 451 khariNa khaNi jhAiyai gamo prarahantAraNaM / jiu mege pAvahu riNavAraNaM // samAdhi 146 // cArittaseNu muNi samAdhi paDhaMtau / bhaviyaha kammukalaM kuDaMtau // samAdhi // 471 mani sammAdhi sumari naya visu nAsaha / jima paramasari pAu paNAsai // samAdhi // 481 sohaNa so divasu samAdhi marIjai / nAmaNamaraNahaM pAriNau vijjai // samAdhi // 49 // prAisai sammAdhI jo aNurviNa jhAvai / so abarAmara sibasuhu pAvada // sammASI niNadevahaM vitttthii| jo karaI so sammAiTThI // 500 iti sammASI samAptaH

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jaina vidyA 131 isI ko zivasukha meM magna honA mAnanA cAhie, isI ko zivamukha meM magna honA mAnanA cAhie / / 38 // AtmA yadi prAtmaguNoM meM lIna ho jAtA hai to saMsAra ke mahAn duHkhoM ko bhagna kara detA hai||391 jo karma nahIM karatA aura yadi prAtmasvarUpa meM jI lagAtA hai to usake (karma) sahaja hI kSINa ho jAte haiM // 401 aura zuddha sphaTika kI taraha ekala mAtmA dIpta ho jAtA hai aisA saba parahanta devoM ne kahA hai // 4 // 'aSTakarmarahita jIva zivapura prApta karatA hai' aisA kAluSyarahita jinendradevoM ne kahA hai||421 jo jIva ke devattva ko jAnatA hai vaha prAtmatattva ko hI deva mAnatA hai // 430 yaha jAnakara jo jIva pahale jina ko bhAvapUrvaka bhAtA hai vaha zivasukha pAtA hai / / 44 / / isa prakAra jo bhAvanA bhAtA hai vaha duHkhoM kA kSaya aura karmoM kA kSaya karatA hai / / 45 / / he jIva, pratikSaNa 'Namo marahaMtANaM' kA dhyAna karo paura zIghra hI nirvANa prApta karo / / 4611 cAritrasena muni kahate haiM ki he bhavyajIvo ! samAdhi kA pATha karo aura karmakalaMka kA nAma kro||471 he mana ! samAdhi kA smaraNa karo jo viSa ko nAza karatA hai aura jisase paramazatru pApa praNaSTa hote haiM / / 48 // baha dina jisa dina samAdhimaraNa hotA hai aura janma-maraNa ko pAnI diyA jAtA hai arthAt naSTa kiyA jAtA hai, suhAvanA hotA hai / / 49 // isa prakAra samAdhi kA jo pratidina dhyAna karatA hai vaha ajara amara zivasukha ko pAtA hai| jinendra devoM dvArA upadiSTa samAdhi ko jo karatA hai vahI samadaSTi hai 1500 // isa prakAra samAdhi pUrNa huI //

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sAhitya-samIkSA 1. puruSArthaM siddhyupAya - saMdarzikA - mUla praNetA - zrImad bhagavadamRta candrAcArya | anuvAdaka evaM sampAdaka zrI nAthUrAma DoMgarIya jaina, nyAyatIrtha, zAstrI, indaura / prakAzaka, saMyojaka evaM bheMTakartA - kamalakumAra, (DaoN.) kailAzacandra, ramezacandra seThI, rAjasadana, 199 javAhara mArga indaura / prAkAra - 18 " x22" /8 " / pRSTha saMkhyA-144 | nyauchAvara - dharmapracArArthaM bheMTa | 2. vartamAna zrAvakAcAroM meM prastuta graMtha kA pratipAdya viSaya ke pratipAdana evaM zailI kI dRSTi se bar3A mahattvapUrNa hai / isameM zrAvaka ke pracAra kA nizcaya aura vyavahAra donoM hI dRSTiyoM se bar3A sundara vivecana kiyA gayA hai| samIkSya pustaka isI kA sundara, sarala aura sarasa hindI bhASA meM padyAnuvAda hai jo saMskRta bhASA se anabhijJa svAdhyAya premiyoM ke lie grantha ke hArda ko samajhane meM bar3A sahAyaka ho sakatA hai / chapAI -saphAI bhI sundara evaM kalApUrNa hai / prakAzaka - zrI padmacandra zAstrI, naI 21, dariyAgaMja, naI dillI - 2 | / mUlya- do rupayA mAtra / mUla jaina saMskRti : aparigraha - lekhaka evaM dillI | prApti-sthAna- vIra sevA mandira, jhAkAra--18" x 22"/8 " | pRSTha saMkhyA - 32 ahiMsA, anekAnta ra aparigraha ye tInoM jaina saMskRti ke prAdhAra stambha haiN| binA inako hRdayaMgama kiye na to jaina saMskRti ko samajhA jA sakatA hai aura na jainadharma ko jIvana meM utArA ho jA sakatA hai / lekhaka ne jaina saMskRti ko anAdikAlIna batAte hue vItarAgatA kA zrAtmakalyANa ke lie sAdhana aura sAdhya donoM rUpoM se vivecana kiyA hai| yaha vItarAgatA aparigraha kA pAlana kiye binA prApya hai| isameM kathya kI dRSTi se nayApana hai / pustaka paThanIya, mananIya tathA saMgrahaNIya hai / 3. jainadarzana meM upAsanA evaM syAdvAda - lekhaka - zrI nAthUrAma DoMgarIya jaina nyAyatIrtha, zAstrI, indaura / prakAzaka- jaina sAhitya prakAzana, 5 / 1 tambolI bAkhala, indaura-2 | nAkAra-20" X 30"/16 " / pRSTha saMkhyA - 64 mUlya - jinazAsana prabhAvanArthaM saprema bheMTa | prastuta pustikA meM do nibandha samAviSTa haiM - 1. jainadarzana meM upAsanA tathA 2. janadarzana meM syAdvAda I prathama nibandha meM ahaM bhakti kA mahattva va usake svarUpa para vicAra karate hue bhakti kI zrAvazyakatA para atyadhika bala diyA gayA hai sAtha hI bhakti meM zrAI vikRtiyoM ko asvIkAra kiyA gayA hai / dvitIya nibandha meM syAdvAda ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana karate hue sAdhu-santoM, samAja ke netAoM, vidvAnoM evaM zrImAnoM se apekSA kI gaI hai ki ve syAdvAda ke svarUpa ko samajhakara ApasI matabheda bhulAkara aikya kI ora agrasara hoMge /

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jainavidyA ke puSpadanta vizeSAMka vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM 1. DaoN. hIrAlAla mAhezvarI ema. e., ela. ela. bI., DI. phila , DI. liTa., aso. pro. hindI vibhAga, rAjasthAna vi. vi. jayapura-"Apane ye aMka nikAla kara sAhitya jagat kA upakAra kiyA hai| svayabhU aura puSpadanta ke binA apabhraMza .. sAhitya to apUrNa hai hI, hindI sAhitya kA itihAsa lekhana bhI binA inake adhyayana ke samyakrUpeNa likhA jAnA kaThina hai|" DaoN. kailAzacandra bhATiyA, prophesara hindI tathA prAdezika bhASAyeM, lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTrIya prazAsana akAdamI, masUrI-"bahuta hI zodhapUrNa sAtha hI upayogI sAmagrI prastuta kI gaI hai| puSpadanta sAhitya kA adhyayana karanevAloM ke lie yaha parama upayogI siddha hogA / aba to ema. e. (apabhraMza) meM puSpadanta kA sAhitya bhI par3hAyA jAtA hai| kRtiyoM kA mUlyAMkana uccastarIya tathA maulikatA yukta hai / "mahAnandi" kRta "pANaMdA" dekara Apane bahuta upakAra kiyA hai|" 4. munizrI nagarAjajI, DI. liTa.- "sAja-sajjA va sAmagrI ke vihaMgAvalokana se hI eka mAnasika tRpti kA AbhAsa huA / prastuta patrikA to sacamuca hI jaina samAja kI virala patrikAoM meM eka lgii| yaha kaha pAnA bhI kaThina hai ki kaunasA lekha prathama koTi kA hai aura kaunasA dvitIya koTi kA hai| pratyeka lekha meM mahAkavi puSpadanta va apabhraMza ke viSaya meM kucha na kucha navIna jAnane ko milA / janavidyA ke uttarottara vikAsa kI magalakAmanA ke sAtha / " ga. rAmasvarUpa prArya, ema. e., pIeca. DI., roDara evaM adhyakSa hindI vibhAga, varSamAna kAleja, bijanaura-"vizeSAMka meM mahAkavi puSpadanta tathA usake kRtitva ke sambandha meM durlabha aura khojapUrNa sAmagrI prastuta karane kA prazaMsanIya prayatna kiyA hai / zodhapUrNa patrikAeM aba virala hotI jA rahI haiN| "jainavidyA" ke mAdhyama se prApa isa jyoti ko prajvalita kara rahe hai, yaha prasannatA kI bAta hai / " cArakoti bhaTTAraka svAmIjI, zrI jaina maTha zravaNabelagolA-we have gone through the magazine. It has come out very well. Subjects discussed in the articles are research oriented. Your efforts are really appreciable. 5.

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134 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. jaina vidyA DaoN. lAlacanda jaina, ema. e., pIeca. DI., pravaktA prAkRta zodha saMsthAna: vaizAlI" isa prakAra kI zodha patrikA kI jaina jagat meM bahuta zrAvazyakatA thI / ina vizeSAMkoM meM prakAzita sAmagrI anusaMdhAnapUrNa, sarala aura rocaka zailI meM nibaddha hai / "jainavidyA" ke dvArA na kevala apabhraMza sambandhI durlabha sAhitya kI sevA ho sakegI balki samasta apabhraMza vAG maya kA prAlocanAtmaka rUpa vidvAnoM taka sahaja hI pahu~ca jAyagA / apabhraMza ke kSetra meM zodhaprajJoM ko zodha karane meM "jaina vidyA " kA eka mahattvapUrNa avadAna hogA / " DaoN yogendranAtha zarmA 'aruNa', ema. e., pIeca. DI., sAhityaratna, rIDara evaM adhyakSa hindI vibhAga, bI. esa. ema. snAtakottara kAleja, daDakI (u. pra. ) - "puSpadanta vizeSAMka bejor3a aura mahanIya hai| jainavidyA saMsthAna kA yaha sArasvatayajJa niHsandeha satutya evaM zlAdhya hai / " zrI yazapAla jaina, sastA sAhitya maNDala, naI dillI - "jainavidyA patrikA nissandeha eka upayogI prakAzana hai / usake sAragarbhita lekha pAThakoM ko jJAnavarddhaka sAmagrI pradAna karate haiM / itanA hI nahIM, ve pAThakoM ke dRSTikoNa ko vyApaka banAte haiM aura gambhIra sAhitya kA gaharAI se adhyayana karane kI preraNA dete haiM / hindI meM apane DhaMga kI yaha pahalI patrikA hai| usake pIche prApakA zrama aura prApakI sUjhabUjha spaSTa dikhAI detI hai / " paM. amRtalAla jaina, jainadarzana-sAhityAcArya, brAhmI vidyApITha, lADanU - "patrikA kA stara bahuta UMcA hai / aise stara kI patrikA ke sampAdana meM pratibhA ke sAtha bhUri parizrama bhI apekSita hotA hai / yaha zodha patrikA apane DhaMga kI eka hai / isakA stara sabhI dRSTiyoM se unnata hai / jarmana vidvAnoM evaM mahApaNDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyana dvArA dhyAna dilAye jAne para bhI apabhraMza sAhitya abhI taka upekSita sA hI banA rhaa| jaina vidyA ne isa ora vizeSa dhyAna diyA jo stutya hai / sampAdana, kAgaja, chapAI, saphAI, geTa apa tathA prUpha saMzodhana Adi sabhI uttama haiM / " DaoN. choTelAla zarmA, banasthalI vidyApITha - " puSpadanta vizeSAMka uccakoTi kA prayatna hai| isase puSpadanta kI viziSTatA aura garimA hI udghATita nahIM huI hai, mAnava mAtra kI sambhAvanA kI U~cAI bhI prakaTa huI hai / Aja ke isa vizRMkhalitaskhalita samAja meM puSpadanta kI racanAnoM kI vizeSatAeM sAdhanAtmaka mArga kI nirdezikA haiN| maiM isa aura aise prayatna kI hRdaya se anuzaMsA karatA huuN|"

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jaina vidyA 135 11. paM. dayAcandra sAhityAcArya, prAcArya zrI gaNeza digambara jaina saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, sAgaraH- "bhAratIya sAhityamayasAgara kA eka mahattvapUrNa aMga, rAjasthAnIya sAhitya upasAgara kA puruSArtha se pAloDana kara jo jainavidyAmRta ko Apane upalabdha kiyA hai aura anya jJAnAmRtapipAsAoM ko upalabdha karAyA hai yathArtha meM svAdiSTa anupama prAtmAnandaprada aura prabodhakArI amRta hai, usase jJAna pipAsumoM kI kSudhA, tRSA zAMta ho sakatI hai|" 12. paM. dharmacanda zAstrI, vyavasthApaka, zrI ailaka pannAlAla di. jaina sarasvatI bhavana, ujjaina-vizeSAMkoM meM apabhraMza bhASA ke vizeSajJa vidvAnoM kI paThanIya racanAeM haiM / inase zodhakartA vidvAnoM ko sahaja hI prabhUta sAmagrI hAtha laga jAtI hai / patrikA ne janasAhitya kI zodha prakriyA ko Age bar3hAne kA jo mahattvapUrNa kArya hAtha meM liyA hai vaha sarvathA zlAghya aura abhinandanIya hai|" DaoN. ramezacandra jaina, bijanaura-"sabhI lekha adhikArI vidvAnoM dvArA likhita haiM / inake mAdhyama se kavi kA sAhityika mUlyAMkana sugaThita aura pariSkRta zailI meM huA hai / kavi ke vAgvadagdhya, arthacAturya aura prajJA ko jAnane meM sahAyaka hokara yaha vizeSAMka sAhityarasikoM ko nizcita rUpa se AkarSita kregaa|" 14. paM. satyaMdharakumAra seThI, ujjaina-"yaha vizeSAMka nahIM maiM to yaha mAnatA hUM ki mahAkavi puSpadanta ke jIvana aura vyaktitva se sambandhita eka mahAna zodhagraMtha hai| prastuta aMka meM kitane hI aise lekha haiM jinake par3hane se mAnava ko nayA cintana milatA hai| ___ kSetra ke prabandhakoM ne janavidyA patrikA ko janma dekara aisA kadama uThAyA hai jo sAhitya -jagat meM cirasmaraNIya rhegaa|" 15. DaoN. gaMgArAma garga, pravaktA mahArAnI zrI jayA kAleja, bharatapura--"isa vizeSAMka kA prakAzana bhI pratyuttama hai| isameM kavi ke vyaktitva aura kAvyakalA saMbaMdhI vaividhyapUrNa jAnakArI pracura mAtrA meM juTAI gaI hai|" 16. DaoN prAvitya pracaNDiyA 'dIti' ema.e., pIeca.DI., alIgar3ha-"prAdyanta prAkarSaka aura mahanIya hai| eka hI kavi para vividha viSayAlekha do khaNDoM meM prakAzita karane kA zramasAdhya saMkalpa evaM mahAkavi puSpadanta ke sarvAMgINa svarUpa ko prastuta karane kA svayaM meM abhinava saMketaka hai|" 17. zrI biradhIlAla seThI, jayapura-"vibhinna pahaluoM para gaveSaNAtmaka lekha haiM / maiM samajhatA hUM yaha isa kisma kA prathama prayAsa hai| vizeSAMka vidvAnoM dvArA saMgrahaNIya hai|"

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136 navina 18. DaoN. rAmanArAyaNa caturvedI, nidezaka saMskRtazikSA, rAjasthAna-janavidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI kA yaha arddha-vArSika prakAzana apane zodhapUrNa sAmagrI ke kAraNa bhArata kI zIrSastha zodha-patrikAoM meM parigaNanIya hai| puSpadanta vizeSAMka khaNDa-2 ke sabhI lekha starIya haiN| mahAkavi puSpadanta apabhraMza bhASA ke zIrSastha kavi haiN| na kevala apabhraMza apitu hindI sAhitya evaM bhASA ke itihAsa meM puSpadanta nIMva ke pramukha prastara haiN| jinake viSaya meM paM. rAhula sAMkRtyAyana ne apanI hindI kAvyadhArA meM ucita hI likhA hai| puSpadanta ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para itanI pracura, mahattva evaM vaividhyapUrNa sAmagrI prakAzita kara prApane sAhitya jagat kA mahAn upakAra kiyA hai / AzA hai sAhitya jagata meM isa kRti kA yathocita Adara evaM mUlyAMkana hogaa|" 19. zrI rAmacandra purohita, pUrva prophesara, hindI vibhAga, rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya, jayapura__"janavidyA patrikA ke puSpadanta vizeSAMka ke donoM khaNDa dekhakara prasannatA huii| saMsthAna isa prakAra ke kArya kara na kevala jaina sAhitya ko hI prakAzita kara rahI hai apitu hindI ke Adi sRSTAoM evaM unake kartRtva ke vibhinna pakSoM ko bhI ujAgara kara rahI hai| isa prayatna meM jo vidvAn sakriya yoga de rahe haiM ve saba dhanyavAdAha haiN| isa prayatna se hindI ke prAdi sAhitya ke jijJAsuoM kI tRpti hogii| : adhyayana-manana kI dRSTi se sAmagrI upayogI hai| mudraNa-prakAzana prAdi sabhI dRSTiyoM se patrikA ke donoM aMka AkarSaka avalokanIya haiN|" 20. zrI kalAnAtha zAstrI, sAhityAcArya, nidezaka-bhASAvibhAga, rAjasthAna zAsana, jayapura "jaina vidyA' ke aMkoM ko prAraMbha se hI dekhatA rahA huuN| patrikA kI yaha sarAhanIya yojanA hai ki jaina sAhitya ke una kAlajayI racanAkAroM ke vyaktitva aura kRtitva para eka aka meM vizeSa adhyayana prastuta kiyA jAya jinhoMne apabhraMza bhASA meM vareNya graMtha likhe haiM aura jinake lekhana ke bAre meM sAre deza ko jijJAsA rahatI hai| - :... "jaina vidyA" kA janasAhitya ko avadAna cirasmaraNIya hI nahIM, prajara aura amara rahegA isa para ina tIna aMkoM ko dekhakara hI Azvasta huA jA sakatA hai| merI badhAI svIkAra kreN|" zaM. dAmodara zAstrI, vyAkaraNAcArya, sarvadarzanAcArya, jainadarzanAcArya, ema.e. (traya), vidyAvAridhi, adhyakSa evaM rogara jainadarzana vibhAga, lAlabahAdurazAstrI kendrIya saMskRta vidyApITha, dillI-"yogya sampAdana va kuzala nirdezana meM prakAzita yaha zodhapatrikA vastutaH saMgrahaNIya va jJAnavarddhaka bana par3I hai| isa patrikA ne thor3e samaya meM hI apanA viziSTa sthAna banA liyA hai| puSpadaMta kavi ke kAvya ko kendrita kara zodha-vidyA ke sabhI pakSoM ko dRSTi meM rakhakara zodha sAmagrI prastuta kI gaI hai|"

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jaina vidyA 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 137 DaoN. govindajI. DI. phila, rIDara evaM adhyakSa hindI vibhAga, meraTha vizvavidyAlaya meraTha - " puSpadanta kavi para prAmANika evaM paThanIya sAmagrI dekara prApane zlAghanIya kArya kiyA hai / kavi ke aneka prate sandarbhoM ko prakAza meM le prAkara prApane usake vyaktitva ko ujAgara kara diyA / pratyeka pustakAlaya ke lie aMka saMgrahaNIya hai / " paM. jaganmohanalAla zAstrI, kaTanI - "saMsthAna dvArA yaha anupama aura pramUlya sevA hai jo aitihAsika pakSa ko prakAza meM lAne ke kAraNa bahumUlyavAn hai / saMsthAna kI, saMsthA saMcAlakoM kI tathA vidvAnoM kI sevA ke lie samAja cira RNI rahegA / " DaoN. jayakizana prasAda khaNDelavAla, ema. e. (pAMca), ela.ela.bI., pI.eca.DI., sAhityaratna, sAhityAlaMkAra, adhyakSa-saMskRta vibhAga, rAjA balavantasiMha kaoNleja, prAgarA - " janavidyA' jainazodha sambandhI agraNI patrikA ke rUpa meM ubhara kara zrA rahI hai| saMkSepa meM yahI kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha eka zodha prabandha hai jisameM puSpadanta ke vyaktitva evaM kRtitva para prAmANika vidvAnoM ne apane zodhaparaka nibandhoM dvArA vibhinna pahaluoM kA udghATana kiyA hai| apabhraMza sAhitya ke adhyayanaanusaMdhAna meM isa patrikA kA apanA mahatvapUrNa sthAna hai| yaha patrikA zodha saMsthAnoM evaM mahAvidyAlayoM ke pustakAlayoM ke lie to anivArya hai hI sAtha hI apabhraMza ke andhakArapUrNa prakoSTha ko sUrya ke prakAza se jagamagAnevAlI hai / " zrI prakSayakumAra jaina, dillI - "jainavidyA" patrikA ne apanA uccastara sthApita kiyA hai| vaha zodhArthiyoM ke lie to lAbhaprada hogA hI jaina vAGamaya ke sandarbha grantha ke rUpa meM bhI upayogI siddha hogA / " paM. nAthUrAma DoMgarIya, jaina sAhitya prakAzana, indaura - "vAstava meM jainavidyA sasthAna jo apabhraMza sAhitya meM vidyamAna mAnava samAja ke hita meM bahumUlya sAmagrI kA anveSaNa, sampAdana aura prakAzana kara rahI hai vaha sacamuca sarAhanIya aura abhinandanIya hai / bhASA bhAvoM ko abhivyakta karane kA eka mAdhyama hai cAhe vaha apabhraMza hI kyoM na ho| isa dRSTi se samAjahita meM kaviyoM, vidvAnoM va prAcAryo dvArA apabhraza bhASA meM racita sAhitya kA bhI kama mUlya nahIM hai jaisA ki puSpadanta vizeSAMka ke lekhoM se prakaTa hai / " DaoN. premacanda vijayavargIya, prophesara evaM adhyakSa hindI vibhAga, vanasthalI vidyApITha rAja. - puSpadanta para do khaNDoM meM nikAle gaye ye vizeSAMka uccastarIya sAmagrI se yukta haiM / ye paThanIya to haiM hI, sthAyI mahattva ke hone ke kAraNa saMgrahaNIya bhI haiM / ye aMka uccakoTi kI sampAdanakalA ke paricAyaka haiN| jisa patrikA kA prArambha hI itanA uccastarIya aura surucipUrNa hai usake uttarottara vikAsa kI sahaja hI prAzA kI jA sakatI hai / "

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138 jaina vidyA 28. DaoN. gaMgAdhara bhaTTa, rIDara saMskRta vibhAga, rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya, jayapura "mahAkavi puSpadanta kI racanAoM se sambandhita sAmagrI isa aMka meM prakAzita kara eka atyanta mahattvapUrNa kArya ko sampanna kiyA gayA hai / vizeSataH jasaharacariu va NAyakumAracariu jaisI anupama kRtiyoM kA vibhinna dRSTiyoM se adhyayana kara isa aMka ke gaurava ko aura bhI adhika utkarSa diyA gayA hai / saMsthAna ne isa pAvana kRtya ko karake prAcIna sAhitya evaM saMskRti ke vikAsa meM apUrva yogadAna kiyA hai jisase jJAna ke prasAra ke sAtha-sAtha eka apUrva cetanA bhI pradAna kI hai|" 29. DaoN. mahendrasAgara pracaNDiyA, ema. e., pIeca. DI., DI. liT., vidyAvAridhi sAhityAlaMkAra, nidezaka, jaina zoSa prakAdamI, alIgar3ha-"jainavidyA pahalI aura akelI SadmAsikI hai jisake dvArA apabhraMza kI sampadA kA prAkalana, mUlyAMkana, adhyayana abhivyakta hotA hai / yaha vastutaH bahuta bar3I bAta hai| janavidyA ke sAtatya prakAzana se vidyA-jagat meM nae mAna-pratimAna sthira hoNge| bhAratIya sAhitya aura saMskRti kA samunnata svarUpa manISiyoM ke samakSa hogA / isa bahunIya prakAzana, sampAdana ke lie kRpayA merI bahutazaH badhAiyAM svIkAra kIjiye / " 30. DaoN. jyotiprasAda jaina, lakhanaU-zodhapatrikA "janavidyA" ke jo tIna aMka prakAzita hue haiM pratyuttama haiM, sthAyI mahattva ke haiN| zodhachAtroM evaM vizeSa adhyetAoM ke lie bar3e upayogI hoNge| sabhI lekha uccastarIya haiM, badhAI svIkAra kreN|" 31... paM. bAlacanda zAstrI, haidarAbAda-"patrikA meM saba hI lekha utkRSTa va paThanIya haiM / isameM NAyakumAracariu va jasaharacaMriu ke viSayoM para sarvAMgINa prakAza DAlA gayA , hai| patrikA kI sAja-sajjA bhI surucipUrNa hai| apabhraMza sAhitya ko prakAza meM lAne ke lie jo ApakI isa patrikA dvArA yojanA hai vaha stutya hai|" 32. zrI udayacandra jaina, sarvadarzanAcArya, vArANasI-"vAstava meM do aMkoM meM puSpadanta ke vyaktitva aura kRtitva ke sabhI pahalumoM kI acchI jAnakArI mila jAtI hai / itanI uttama sAmagrI sulabha karAne ke lie patrikA ke sampAdaka, prakAzaka tathA lekhaka sabhI hArdika badhAI ke pAtra haiN|" 33. paM. baMzIdhara zAstrI, bInA-"jainavidyA saMsthAna kI cAlU yojanA sAMskRtika dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai, prayAsa stutya hai|" 34. ma. vinayasAgara, saMyukta saciva rAjasthAna prAkRta bhAratI saMsthAna, jayapura-"donoM aMkoM meM saMkalita sAmagrI zreSTha evaM surucipUrNa hai / mahAkavi ke kalA aura bhAvapakSa ko ujAgara/suspaSTa karane meM suvijJoM ne vividha prAyAmoM/dRSTikoNoM ke mAdhyama se jo sAMgopAMga vivecana prastuta kiyA hai, vaha zodha chAtroM ke lie dIpastambha ke samAna siddha hogA, niHsaMdeha hai|

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janavidA 139 jaina sAhitya kI ucca paramparA ko cotita karanevAle aise gaveSaNAtmaka evaM gauravapUrNa vizeSAMkoM ke lie hArdika badhAI svIkAra kreN|" 35. amarabhAratI, rAjagRha, maI 1985, pRSTha 39-"17 vidvAnoM ke zodhapUrNa lekhoM meM mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke udAttacintana, vyaktitva, vidvattA evaM kAvyakalA ko ujAgara kiyA gayA hai / apabhraMza bhASA ke sAhitya ko prakAza meM lAne kA prastuta kArya mahattvapUrNa evaM stutya hai aura jaina vAGmaya kI mahAn sevA hai| mahAkavi puSpadanta para prakAzita prastuta aMka kA yaha prathamakhaNDa jJAnakoSa hai| 36. varNI pravacana, varSa 3, aMka 5-6, maI-jUna 1985, pRSTha 29-"puSpadanta isa mahAn deza kI eka asAmAnya vibhUti haiM / unake zodhapUrNa sAhitya me jijJAsunoM ke sAmane aneka gutthiyAM sulajhA kara rakhI haiM / jaisA ki isa aMka meM vidvAn lekhakoM ne vibhinna tAttvika dhArAoM ke vivecana se siddha kiyA hai| vidvAnoM ne aitihAsika tathA samIkSAtmaka ubhaya zailiyoM kA upayoga kara isa aka ko graMtha kA rUpa pradAna kiyA hai| jisase pAThakoM ko isa mahAkavi kI racanAoM kA . pUrNa paricaya mila jAyegA / viSayoM kA rocaka tathA rucikara DhaMga se varNana kiyA gayA hai / pratyeka darzanapremI pAThaka ke pustakAlaya meM rahane yogya graMthoM meM se yaha eka hai|" 37. jaina gajaTa, lakhanaU, varSa 90, aMka 33, maMgalavAra, di. 18.6.85, pRSTha 22-sabhI lekha paThanIya haiM / jaina vidyA saMsthAna apabhraMza bhASA ke vizAla susamRddha sAhitya ko, jo prAyaH sAre kA sArA hI jaina manISiyoM kI dena hai prakAza meM lAne kA stutya kArya kara rahA hai|............... "kAgaja, chapAI uccakoTi kI hai|" 38. bIravANI, jayapura, varSa 37 aMka 20, di. 18 jaulAI 1985, pRSTha 408 "vidvAn lekhakoM ne kavi puSpadanta ke vyaktitva aura kRtitva para acchA prakAza DAlA hai / yaha aka eka sandarbha graMtha ke rUpa meM sAhitya jagat meM samApta hogA isameM sandeha nhiiN|" 39. syAvAvatAnagaMgA, sonAgira, varSa 6 aMka 5-6, maI-jana 85- "janadarzana kI lupta/anupalabdha sAmagrI ko prastuta karane meM yaha unnata prayAsa hai / sampUrNa dRSTi se prAdyopAnta sahI artha meM eka durlabha zodha sAmagrI ko prastuta karane meM patrikA saphala hai|" .. 40. vItarAgavAraNI, TIkamagaDha, varSa 5 aMka 7, julAI 1985, pRSTha 25-"vidvAn sampAdaka maNDala ke nirdezana meM yathArthataH jaina vidyA saMsthAna kA yaha kArya -- stutya to hai hI zodyArthiyoM ke lie bahuta bar3A sambala hai| mahAkavi ke mUlyavAna kRtitva ko unakI guNavattA ke sAtha vizeSAMka meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai jo mahAkavi puSpadaMta para eka sandarbha graMtha va jJAnakoSa kA kArya karatA hai|" .

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isa aMka ke sahayogI racanAkAra 1. ga. prAditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti-janma 1953 / ema. e., pIeca. DI., DI. liTa. upAdhi hetu zodharata / kavi, lekhaka evaM samIkSaka / aneka kavitAeM, lekha evaM pustakeM prakAzita / risarca esosieTa, hindI vibhAga, ka. mu. bhASAvijJAna evaM hindI vidyApITha, prAgarA / isa aMka ke nibandha 'bhavisaMyattakahA kA sAhityika mahattva' ke lekhaka / samparka sUtra-maMgalakalaza, 394, sarvodayanagara, prAgarA roDa, alIgar3ha-202001 (u0 pra0) / 2.. DaoN. kapUracanda jaina-janma 1954 / ema. e., pIeca. DI., sAhitya-siddhAnta zAstrI / aneka zodhanibandha va pustakoM ke lekhaka / kavi, samIkSaka va sAmAjika kAryakartA / adhyakSa, saMskRtavibhAga, zrI kundakunda jaina mahAvidyAlaya, khataulI / isa aMka ke nibandha 'bhaviSyadattakathA viSayaka sAhitya-eka anuzIlana' ke lekhaka / samparka sUtra-130, bar3A bAjAra, khataulI-251201, u. pra. / DaoN. gaMgArAma garga-ema. e., pIeca. DI., hindI jaina bhaktikAvya para DI. liTa. kI upAdhi ke lie zodharata / aneka zodhapatra, zodhanibandha tathA pustakoM ke lekhaka / apabhraMza aura hindI ke adhyayana-adhyApana evaM zodha meM ruci / prAdhyApaka, hindI vibhAga, mahArAnI * zrIjayA kAleja, bharatapura / isa aMka ke nibandha 'bhavisayattakahA meM nItitattva' ke lekhaka / samparkasUtra-110 e, raNajItanagara, bharatapura, raaj.| . DaoN. gajAnana narasiMha sAThe-janma 1922 / ema. e. (hindI, aMgrejI va marAThI), bI. TI., sAhityaratna, marAThI sAhitya vizArada, pIeca. DI. (apabhraza mahAkavi svayaMbhU para) / aneka zodhalekhoM, pustakoM va kAvyoM ke lekhaka, anuvAdaka va sampAdaka / rASTrabhASA pracAra hetu vizeSarUpa se saMlagna / hindI vibhAgAdhyakSa, rA. pA. poddAra kaoNleja oNpha kaoNmarsa / isa aMka ke nibandha 'bhavisayattakahA kA jIvana meM pratibimba' ke lekhaka / samparka sUtra-1472, sadAziva peTha, parAMjape sadana, puNe - 411030, mahArASTra /

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janavidyA . 141 5. . DaoN. gadAdhara siMha-ema. e., pIeca. ddii.| vyAkhyAtA, hindI vibhAga, ha. dA..:: jaina kaoNleja, pArA / isa aMka ke nibandha 'bhavisayattakahA kA kathArUpa' ke lekhaka / samparkasUtra-hindI vibhAga, ha. dA. jaina kaoNleja, pArA, bihAra / DaoN. choTelAla zarmA-janma 1927 / ema. e., pIeca. DI., DI.liT / aneka zodhalekhoM va pustakoM ke lekhaka, sampAdaka / saundaryazAstra evaM bhASAzAstra ke vizeSajJa / prophesara, hindI vibhAga, vanasthalI vizvavidyAlaya / isa aMka ke nibandha 'bhavisayattakahA kA bhAva-bodha' ke lekhaka / samparka sUtra-12, aravinda nivAsa, :: ' vanasthalI vizvavidyAlaya, vanasthalI, ji ToMka, rAjasthAna / DaoN. jayakizana prasAda khaNDelavAla-janma 1932 / ema. e. (saMskRta, hindI, aMgrejI, prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa evaM arthazAstra), ela. ela. bI., pIeca. DI. (hindI), sAhityaratna, sAhityAlaMkAra / aneka smArikAoM va patra-patrikAmoM ke sampAdaka, vibhinna viSayoM kI 400 se adhika pustakoM ke lekhaka / adhyakSa, saMskRta vibhAga, rAjA balavantasiMha kaoNleja, AgarA / isa aMka ke nibandha 'mahAkavi dhanapAlavyaktitva evaM kartRtva' ke lekhaka / samparka sUtra-6/240, belanagaMja AgarA-4 zrI nemIcanda paToriyA-ema. e., ela. ela. bI., sAhityaratna / aneka bodhakathAnoM va pustakoM ke lekhaka-TIkAkAra / aneka patroM ke bhUtapUrva sampAdaka / mAnada zodhasahAyaka, janavidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI / isa aMka ke nibandha: "bheMTa- bhavisayasakahA ke kavi dhanapAla se' ke lekhaka / samparka sUtra-jaina vidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI, 322220, rAja. / zrI bhaMvaralAla polyAkA-janma 1918 / sAhityazAstrI, jainadarzanAcArya / lekhaka-samAlocaka / aneka pustakoM, smArikAoM va patroM ke sampAdaka / pANDulipi sarvekSaka, janavidyA saMsthAna shriimhaaviirjii| isa aMka ke nibandha 1. "saMsthAna meM bhavisayattakahA kI pANDulipiyoM kI prazastiyAM" ke lekhaka tathA 2. apabhraMza racanA 'samAdhi' ke anuvAdaka / samparka sUtra-566, jozI bhavana ke sAmane, maNihAroM kA rAstA, jayapura-302003 / 10. DaoN. yogendranAtha zarmA 'aruNa'-janma-1941 / ema. e., pIeca. DI. sAhityaratna / aneka zodhanibandhoM va pustakoM ke lekhaka / mahAkavi svayaMbhU dvArA praNIta paumacariu meM samAja, saMskRti evaM darzana kI abhivyaMjanA viSaya para zodharata / rIDara evaM adhyakSa, hindI vibhAga, bI. esa. ema. kaoNleja, rudd'kii| isa aMka ke nibandha 'mahAkavi dhanapAla kI kAvya pratibhA' ke lekhaka / samparka sUtra-176, relve roDa rur3akI, u. pr.|

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142 jaina vidyA 11. DaoN. rAmagopAla zarmA 'vineza'-janma 1929 / ema. e., pIeca. DI., DI. laT. / '120 pustakoM ke racayitA, sAta racanAeM puraskRta / sAhityika patrikAoM ke sampAdaka evaM sAhitya-sevArata / prAcArya evaM pradhyakSa, hindI vibhAga, mohanalAla sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura / isa aMka ke nibandha "bhavisayattakahA meM yuga aura samAja ke sandarbha" ke lekhaka / samparka sUtra-45/84 sundaravAsa (nArtha) udayapura-313001, rAjasthAna / 12.. zrI zrIyAMza siMghaI-janma 1958 / prAcArya (jainadarzana), zodhasnAtaka / kavi evaM lekhaka / prAdhyApaka, bhASAvijJAna, zrI digambara jaina prAcArya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, jayapura / isa aMka ke nibandha 'bhavisayattakahA kA dhArmika pariveza' ke lekhaka / samparka sUtra--zrI digambara jaina prAcArya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, maNihAroM kA rAstA, jayapura-302003 / 13. DaoN. zrIraMjana sUrideva-janma 1927 / ema. e. (prAkRta-jainazAstra, saMskRta, hindI), prAcArya (pAli, jainadarzana, sAhitya, purANa evaM prAyurveda), vyAkaraNatIrtha, ' sAhityaratna, sAhityAlaMkAra / aneka zodhaprabandhoM va pustakoM kI racanA evaM sampAdana / sevAnivRtta zodhaupanidezaka evaM sampAdaka, bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad evaM pariSad-patrikA / isa aMka ke nibandha 'apabhraMza kA zikhara mahAkAvyabhavisayattakahA' ke lekhaka / samparka sUtra-pI. ena. sinhA kaoNlonI, bhikhanA pahAr3I, paTanA-800006, bihAra /

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jainavidyA saMsthAna, zrImahAvIrajI mahAvIra puraskAra digambara jaina atizaya kSetra, zrImahAvIrajI (rAjasthAna) kI pra0 kAriNI samiti ke nirNayAnusAra jaina sAhitya sajana evaM lekhana ko protsAhana dene ke lie ru. 5,001/-(pAMca hajAra eka) kA puraskAra prativarSa dene kI yojanA :yojanA ke niyama :1. jainadharma, darzana, itihAsa, saMskRti sambandhI kisI viSaya para kisI nizcita avadhi meM likhI gayI sRjanAtmaka kRti para "mahAvIra puraskAra" diyA jaavegaa| anya saMsthAoM dvArA pahale se puraskRta kRti para yaha puraskAra nahIM diyA jaavegaa| 2. puraskAra ke lie viSaya, bhASA, prAkAra evaM avadhi kA nirNaya jaina vidyA saMsthAna samiti dvArA kiyA jaavegaa| 3. puraskAra hetu prakAzita/aprakAzita donoM prakAra kI kRtiyAM prastuta kI jA sakatI haiM / yadi kRti prakAzita ho to yaha puraskAra kI ghoSaNA kI tithi ke 3 varSa pUrva taka hI prakAzita honI caahiye| 4. puraskAra hetu mUlyAMkana ke lie kRti kI cAra pratiyAM lekhaka/prakAzaka ko saMyojaka, janavidyA saMsthAna samiti ko preSita karanI hogii| puraskArArtha prApta pratiyoM para svAmitva saMsthAna kA hogaa| 5. aprakAzita kRti kI pratiyAM spaSTa TaMkaNa kI huI athavA yadi hastalikhita hoM to ve spaSTa aura suvAcya honI caahiye| puraskAra ke lie preSita kRtiyoM kA mUlyAMkana do yA tIna viziSTa vidvAnoM/nirNAyakoM ke dvArA karAyA jAvegA, jinakA manonayana jainavidyA saMsthAna samiti dvArA hogA / Avazyaka hone para samiti anya vidvAnoM kI sammati bhI le sakatI hai| ina nirNAyakoM vidvAnoM kI sammati ke AdhAra para sarvazreSTha kRti kA cayana samiti dvArA kiyA jAvegA / isa kRti ko puraskAra ke yogya ghoSita kiyA jaavegaa| 7. sarvazreSTha kRti para lekhaka ko pA~ca hajAra eka rupaye kA 'mahAvIra puraskAra' prazastipatra ke sAtha pradAna kiyA jAvegA / eka se adhika lekhaka hone para puraskAra kI rAzi unameM samAnarUpa se vitarita kara dI jaavegii| 8. mahAvIra puraskAra ke lie cayanita aprakAzita kRti kA prakAzana saMsthAna ke dvArA karAyA jA sakatA hai jisake lie Avazyaka zarte lekhaka se taya kI jAvegI / 9. mahAvIra puraskAra ke lie ghoSita aprakAzita kRti ko lekhaka dvArA prakAzita karane/ karavAne para pustaka meM puraskAra kA prAvazyaka ullekha sAbhAra honA cAhiye / 10. yadi kisI varSa koI bhI kRti samiti dvArA puraskAra yogya nahIM pAI gaI to usa varSa kA puraskAra nirasta (radda) kara diyA jaavegaa| 11. uparyukta niyamoM meM Avazyaka parivartana/parivarddhana/saMzodhana karane kA pUrNa adhikAra saMsthAna/prabandhakAriNI samiti ko hogaa| saMyojaka kAryAlaya : DaoN. gopIcanda pATanI esa. bI.-10, bApUnagara saMyojaka javAharalAla neharU mArga, jainavidyA saMsthAna samiti, zrImahAvIrajI jayapura-302004. 6.

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kSetra ke sAhitya zodha vibhAga dvArA prakAzita mahattvapUrNa sAhitya 1-5. rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM kI graMtha sUcI-prathama evaM dvitIya bhAga- (aprApya) tRtIya, caturtha evaM paMcama bhAga sampAdaka-DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla evaM paM0 anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha 170.00 6. jaina graMtha bhaMDArsa ina rAjasthAna-zodhaprabandha-DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 50.00 7. prazasti saMgraha-sampAdaka-DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 14.00 rAjasthAna ke jaina saMta : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva lekhaka-DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 20.00 9. mahAkavi daulatarAma kAsalIvAla : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva lekhaka-DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 20.00 10. jaina zodha aura samIkSA-lekhaka-DaoN0 premasAgara jaina 20.00 11. jiNadatta carita -sampAdaka-DaoN0 mAtAprasAda gupta evaM DaoN0 kAsalIvAla 12.00 12. pradyumnacarita-sampAdaka-paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha evaM DaoN0 kAsalIvAla 12.00 13. hindI pada saMgraha-sampAdaka-DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 10.00 14. sarvArthasiddhisAra-sampAdaka-paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha 10.00 15. campA zataka-sampAdaka-DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 6.00 16. tAmila bhASA kA jaina sAhitya-sampAdaka-zrI bhaMvaralAla polyAkA 1.00 17. vacanadUtam-(pUrvArddha evaM uttarArddha)-lekhaka-paM0 mUlacanda zAstrI, pratyeka 10.00 18. tIrthaMkara vardhamAna mahAvIra-lekhaka-paM0 padamacanda zAstrI 10.00 19. A Key to TRUE Happiness (aprApya) 20. paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha smRti grantha 50.00 21. bAhubali (khaNDakAvya)-paM0 anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha 10.00 22. yogAnuzIlana-lekhaka-zrI kailAzacandra bAr3hadAra, ema.e., elaela.bI. 75.00 23. cUnar3iyA-munizrI vinayacandra, anu0 zrI bhaMvaralAla polyAkA 1.00 24. ANaMdA-zrI mahAnaMdideva, anu0 DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI 5.00 25. vardhamAnacampU- paM0 mUlacandra zAstrI presa meM 26. gemisura kI jayamAla aura pANDe kI jayamAla-muni kanakakIrti evaM kavi naNhu, anu0 zrI bhaMvaralAla polyAkA 2.00 27. samAdhi-muni caritrasena, anu0 zrI bhaMvaralalAla polyAkA 4.00 pustaka prAptisthAna mantrI kAryAlaya nidezaka kAryAlaya : jainavidyA saMsthAna di0 jaina a0 kSetra zrImahAvIrajI di0 jaina a0 kSetra zrImahAvIrajI savAI mAnasiMha hAIve, jayapura-3 (rAja.) zrImahAvIrajI (ji0 sa0 mAdhopura) rAja0