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No. 18) EIGHT INSCRIPTIONS OY KADAVARAYA CHIEFS
81 The carving on the mountain of Nannan, the Vāgai, kurangu and visaiyam of his (Vēņavudaiyan's) father Perunjinga, is of great interest. It is a well known fact that kings and ruling chiefs of South India used to wear garlands made of (or golden garlands made in the shape of) the flowers of particular kinds of trees and had the emblems of some animals such as the tiger, fish, elephant, boar, etc. From clause (iii) noted above, we learn that the power of the Vāgai tree was used by the Kādavariyas of Kudal and that their hanner contained 'Kuraŭgu', i.e., the Monkey. The adoption of the Monkey in the banner is not novel. The epic hero Arjuna had Hanuman on his banner. What is difficult to explain is the carving of visaiyam, which term means victory. Whether the chief engraved an inscription glorifying the deeds of valour of his father or simply carved bis emblem in such a way as to give a subdued position to the emblems of the enemy kings overcome by him it is not possible to say with certainty. In the seals of the Chola king, Rajendra-Chöļa I, we see clearly that the tiger, the emblem of the Cholas, is given a more prominent place than the fish and the how, which are the emblems of the Pandya and the Chēra whom he had subdued. It is not unlikely that a similar device was made by Vēņvudaiyán.
A genealogy covering all the members of the house of the Kādavarāyas of Külal being a creat desideratum, I shall discuss it below.
Two inscriptions dated in Saka 1108 (CA. D. 1186). discovered at Tiruvennaivallur and Vriddhachalam, furnish the following genealogy :
1. Valandanar alias Kädavarayar
2. Ātkollivär alias Kadavarāyar
3. Elisaimõgan Kadavarayan
(conqueror of the four quarters)
4. Arašanārāyanan Kachchiva
rayan alias Kädavarāvan
5. Alappirandān Virasēkharan
alias Kādavariyan. A few other inscriptions of the Madras Epigraphical collection also refer to some of these chiefs and enable us to know the time when they lived, the full names and titles they bore, and the part they played in the political history of the country. They also mention other members whose names are not included in the above pedigree. To know the complete genealogy and history of the family, these inscriptions are useful. In inscription No. III of TribhuvanachakraVartin Kulõttunga-Chõla, dated in the 3rd year of his reign, figures a chief called Mögan Atkolli alias Kulõttungasola-Kadavarāyan, who made a gift of his pūdikāval rights on certain lands to the temple of Tirumänikuli. As mention is made in the inscription of two villages called Tiruppērambalamponměyndaperumalnallur and Edirilisõlanallur almost in the same words as found in another inscription of Kulõttunga II discovered in the same place, we are enabled to useribe both the records to the same Choļa sovereign. The year of the inscription is thus equivulent to
No. 74 of 1918 and No. 463 of 1921 of the Madras Epigraphical collection (8 A. R. on Epigraphy, Madras for 1918, p. 130, and for 1922, p. 107)
The name is given a Valandandár in Ep. Ind., Vol. XXIV. p. 24. But A. R. for 1918. (p. 130) hus only Vsandanar.
*8.1. I., Vol. VII., No. 780. XVI-I-II
