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310 EPIGRAPHIA INDICA
[VOL. XXVII The latest regnal year of Ravivarman given in an inscription from Tirunelveli is 7, which according to our calculation would correspond to A.D. 1316-17. Ravivarman seems to have remained in the Tamil country from A.D. 1312 to 1317 without returning to his native country, and by the latter date, we find his successor Udayamārttānda firmly established in Vēņād. According to our inscription Ravivarman was defeated at Tiruvadikunram. After this defeat which may be placed in A.D. 1317 he disappears from history and is not heard of either in the Tamil country or in Kerala.
of the persons mentioned in the record, the Kākatiya king Pratāparudra is the most important. His seat of government was Warangal in the Nizam's Dominions where he ruled from Saka 1215° to 1248.? The Kākatiya power reached the zenith of its glory during his reign. His dominion embraced the entire Andhra country with the exception of Kalinga, and as shown above, he was able to extend his influence far into the Tamil country. During the Muhammadan invasion, he was taken captive, and according to one version is said to have died in the way by committing suicide, and according to another, to have returned to his country after escape and died thereafter about A.D. 1326.
Next in importance is Devari-Nayaka, the donor. It is stated in the inscription itself that he was the son of. Māchaya-Nayaka who was an important officer in the Kakatiya court. This Michaya was the king's Gajaxhiwi and held the titles Simidrohara-ganda, Immadi-Nissankavira, Samayachakravarti, Kaliyugurirabhadra, Kirtisamudra, etc. His son Dēvari-Nāyaka was equally famous and was governing the country round Mahādēvicherla (modern Mācherla) in Saka 1237," just two years prior to the date of our inscription. He had the reputation of being the rescuer of the kingdom of Küketa (Kakatiya) family. In the prasasti of an inscription from Darsil in the Nellore District, he is given the titles Chalamartiganda, Sevimidröharaganda and is praised for his generosity, piety, knowledge of politics and patronage of learned men. He is mentioned finally in Saka 1241 in an inscription at Durgi? in the reign of Prataparudra as making an endowment of land to the temples at Dāra vēmula.
1 No. 77 of 1927.
? There is, however, no evidence for the statement that Ravivarman had gone as far north as Nellore (Cambridge Hist. of Ind., Vol. III, p. 487); Trav. State Man., p. 104.
• Trav. Archl., Ser., Vol. IV, pp. 89-90. Ravivarman's death did not take place in A.D. 1313, as suggested in the Trav. State Max., pt. II, p. 117, and therefore the year of his death was not the same as that of the accession of his successor (ibid., p. 118).
The statement made in the race. Stale Jan., p. 108 about Sangramadhira that 'no defeat has ever been recorded' must be revised.
His name is associated with Kannanur in the kil-Vembånadu and Poonamalle in the Chingleput district by surnaming them Ravivenra Chaturvēdimangalam and Chera-Pandya Chaturvēdimangalam respectively (No. 75 of 1927 and Ep. Rep. for 1911 para. 40).
• No. 545 of 1909. 7 No. 308 of 1915. & Ep. Rep. for 1910, para, 18. • No. 386 of 1909. 10 Above, Vol. IX, p. 330 and Ep. Rep. for 191v. pag109.
i 35, Nellore Ins.. Vol. I, p. 334. 11 No. 574 of 1909.
11 There is however one inscription from Tirukkadaiyur in the Tanjore District mentioning an unsuccessful attempt made at partitioning the kingdom. This is dated in the 34th regnal year of Maravarman Kulasēkhara and the astronomical details given in it correspond to A.D. 1301, September 10, Sunday. This inscription notices a confusion (kalagam) brought about by the king making over a portion of his dominion to his younger brothers * lirukkai-tafakkam. As a consequence the people were in distress and realising the futility of this course they migrated to other lands. The king thereupon gave way and resumed supreme authority, evidently cancelling the divisions when his people returned to their homes (A. R. No. 46 of 1906). From No. 462 to 1921, it is known that Vikrama-Pandya was one of the younger brothers of Maravarman Kulasekhara. The confusion or robellon ta and around Tirukkadaiyur about A.D. 1301 is not connected with the rivalry L
