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________________ BER 25mayamagara parajAtikA NANujjIvo jovo jaina vidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI jainavidyA puSpadaMta-vizeSAMka : khaNDa-1 mahAvIra jayantI 2583 bAla-bAlasAda sImAmA agara jAyatAlaradamamaNinayanilakannadhayaNiyapachalae upayaMtakaraNAvyayakojadimANAmekaNAmakA kyaukabutAtraeparamabADaNaeyarpakabAmaliyadIkoDhasavaharekhAsADhadihamadiyadevadADhaNAgharA sirinirahasIladahAvaDaragadakahakalatila enAsibasapaDhApaMjarApatisahidimiparisadacarikhasamAmilAba vymbaassaaddmspaarsypaankaaremdaakddsupaaddiitviraamdaasvtrhaannmaaspmhaakbaa| divasakasayamavAsamatIuttarasarAgasamA samitialasaMvizArazASEXI mAyArAmakaTa mAlikAsavinagavaraNA suravANImahammadasAhigAnimahIvanisaniyamiMdarAce jAnipatAvayAnakAnayanamAzAkamA mahiyAlApravAminabarAmakamanapaMdharIkAmA khasAphazAsATAmiharAjA, mAgAsagajAbAjAgatAsA-pharApanAmAhagarAuenAvakasidAdyamaparajhAnAvarAgIyaka mAyAlayajamAnAyanAyavatarapurANausakAlakhAyanAlisiMgAmAyayakAyamAMDenagaMvIvavAdaDArAjadevena Hasir mANadilatandanriagmale nAvikAtadArakA bArezanakAya 8888 hariyaMsamantrAgAgAbAbAlananat0saMva3461 vI rAjAvAvidhavAsalAya dharAmayoginIpusimalarAjAbalA virAjamAnAyaramANAdhImahamaMdasAdirAvartamAnAchI|zrIkaMdakaMdAcArthAvye balAkAragaNe sarabatIgaumUlasaMghasahArakaritrakAnidezAniyozrIrAmarAjayakramaMDalAbAryavAdIvidyAmarA pUjArcanIyasahAraka zrIprasAdevAryonIbarayakInadevAprartikAbAIkamasisitasyakhyAkA pradhyAnA / zAmaramirasikArIdAsadazya dhArAdhaka shridhaaviniymnbodhkaadaan35staapaankaa| nurAsAjIdaTyAparAdhAtmarapiparisUna arjikA pramasisinAmamAtAsahijavAlAnuyAparaya mAvikArokAdazatirakasA bItasyApriyAgalAtasyaputradivagurasanAne vaguNasaMpUnIjIvadayAtatyaraphalamaMDa lopakAnakAdharmakAryaviNyAnatyarAmA mottyaatsy| layAnAtAsahodarAnAsAyAjAtasyAtAguNopakArakAsA molhAsAthiradevAsA jolyA tasparAyokaranekadAnaviSphyAnatatpara guNasaMpUsa jaindhrmvissthttyraaniigunnpriyNvraaho| tasyapadhamatrajinarajApuraMzasA sAnA naataapropkaarkaasaavliraajtispttaatgaanaa| nadayAyasiA damAnAtAnekaguNasaMpUsI vidyAviSayatatpasAgnabyArata/nidhamAkA janavidyA saMsthAna ( INSTITUTE OF JAINOLOGY ) di0 jaina atizaya kSetra, zrImahAvIrajI ji0 - savAI mAdhopura, rAjasthAna
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________________ mukhapRSTha citra paricaya isa aMka ke mukhapRSTha para jainavidyA saMsthAna ke pANDulipi vibhAga meM upalabdha puSpadanta kI racanAoM kI do pANDulipiyoM kI antya prazastiyoM ke citra prastuta kiye gaye haiM jinakA bhAva nimna prakAra hai 1. Upara - mahApurANa / isa prati meM 32x102 semI. ke AkAra ke 398 patra haiM prazasti kA bhAva - yaha prati saMvat 1391 vikramI kI jyeSTha kRSNA navamI guruvAra ko yoginIpura (dillI) meM sultAna mahammadazAha ke rAjyakAla meM prayotaka ( agravAla) rUpI AkAza meM candramA ke samAna sva0 mahipAla evaM usake parivAravAloM ne jJAnAvaraNakarmakSayArtha tathA bhavyajanoM ke par3hane ke lie likhavAI thI tathA gauDAnvayI kAyastha paMDita gaMdharvva ke putra cAhar3a- rAjadeva ne isakI pratilipi kI thI / saMvat 1460 kI vaizAkha zuklA terasa ko khaNDilla ( khaNDelavAla ) vaMza ke gaNapati ke putra khemala ne bha0 padmanaMdideva ke Adeza se guNakIrti ko pradAna kI / 2. nIce - mahApurANa / isameM 292 x 1272 semI. ke AkAra ke kula 257 patra the / prati sacitra thii| inameM se patra saMkhyA 14, 15, 56, 94, 96, 97, 104, 145, 168, 183, 201 evaM 255 nahIM haiM jina para citra the / - prazasti kA bhAva yaha prati vi0 saM0 1461 ke bhAdrapada kR0 navamI budhavAra ko yoginIpura meM zrI kundakundAcAryAnvaya, balAtkAragaNa, sarasvatIgaccha mUlasaMgha ke bha0 zrI ratnakIrtideva ke paTTadhara rAyarAjaguru maNDalAcArya vAdIndra traividya paramapUjArcanIya bha0 zrI prabhAcandradeva ke paTTadhara abhayakIrtideva prArthikA kSemasiri kI prAyikA adhyAtmazAstrarasirasikA bhedAbhedaratnatrayazrArAdhaka cAritrapAtrI bhavyajanaprabodhaka dInaduSTasaMtApanivartaka caturAsIjIvadayApara AtmarahasyaparipUrNa ajiMkA dharmmasiri naigAve sthAnAt sahilavAlAnvaye paramazrAvika ekAdaza pratimAdhAraka sA0 vIdhU tasya bhAryA priyaMvada galho ke putra devagurubhakta aneka guNa saMpUrNa jIvadayAtatpara kulamaNDalopakAraka dharmakAryaviSayatatpara sA0 jolhA ke sahodara sA0 sUDhA, molhA, dhiradeva / sA0 jolhA kI bhAryA haro ke prathama putra jinapUjApurandara sA0 satana 1 prazasti apUrNa hai /
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________________ jainavidyA jainavidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI dvArA prakAzita arddhavArSika zodha-patrikA apraila, 1985 sampAdaka maNDala zrI mohanalAla kAlA DaoN0 rAjamala kAsalIvAla zrI jJAnacandra bindUkA zrI vijayacandra jaina zrI phUlacandra jaina zrI kapUracanda pATanI ga. kamalacanda sogANI DaoN0 gopIcanda pATanI pro0 pravINacandra jaina pradhAna sampAdaka pro0 pravINacandra jaina sahAyaka sampAdaka zrI bhaMvaralAla polyAkA suzrI prIti jaina prabandha sampAdaka zrI kapUracanda pATanI mantrI di0 jaina atizaya kSetra kameTI zrImahAvIrajI : prakAzaka di0 jaina atizaya kSetra, zrImahAvIrajI mudraka : vArSika mUlya - jayapura prinTarsa .. deza meM : tIsa rupaye mAtra jayapura 302001 videzoM meM : pandraha DAlara --
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________________ mahAvIra puraskAra 1983 __ yaha puraskAra jainadarzana ke mUrdhanya vidvAn DaoN0 pannAlAla jaina sAhityAcArya, sAgara ko unakI kRti 'samyaktva cintAmaNi' para diyA gayA hai / yaha pustaka vIra sevA mandira TrasTa, vArANasI dvArA san 1983 meM prakAzita kI gayI hai| mahAvIra puraskAra 1984 digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita jainavidyA saMsthAna (Institute of Jainology) kA san 1984 kA rupaye 5,000/- kA "mahAvIra purskaar"| 1982 se 1984 ke madhya prakAzita/aprakAzita hindI, saMskRta, apabhraMza athavA aMgrejI meM likhita jaina sAhitya se sambandhita kisI bhI viSaya kI koI bhI racanA, cAhe vaha pustaka ho yA svIkRta zodha-prabandha 31 maI, 1985 taka AmaMtrita hai| niyamAvalI tathA Avedana-patra Adi prApta karane ke lie 2/- rupaye kA posTala ArDara nimna pate para AnA cAhiye / DaoN. gopIcanda pATanI saMyojaka jainavidyA saMsthAna samiti javAharalAla neharU mArga esabI 10, bApUnagara, jayapura-302 004
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________________ viSaya-sUcI kra.saM. viSaya lekhaka prAstAvika prakAzakIya prArambhika ga. prAditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti' 9 1. mahAkavi puSpadanta vyaktitva aura kartRtva 2. candraprabha stuti mahAkavi puSpadanta 3. apabhraMza ke saMvedanazIla mahAkavi ga. devendrakumAra zAstrI puSpadanta 4. mahAkavi puSpadanta aura unakA kAvya oN. yogendranAtha zarmA 'paNa' 5. puSpadanta kI bhASA DaoN. kailAzacandra bhATiyA 6. mahApurANa kI kAvyabhASA ga. zrIraMjanasUrideva 7. zabda praNAma paNDita viSNukAnta zukla 8. mahApurANu ke rAmAyaNa khaNDa kI DaoN. choTelAla zarmA bimba-yojanA mahAkavi puSpadanta gaeN. gadAdharasiMha 9. lobhI jIva 10. mahAkavi, puSpadanta dvArA racita mahApurANa kI bimba-yojanA 11. puSpadanta aura sUradAsa (vAtsalya) 12. jaina rAmakathAoM ke pariprekSya meM puSpadanta kI rAmakayA ga. premasAgara jaina suzrI prIti jaina
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________________ 13. jIvana kI kSaNabhaMguratA 14. mahAkavi puSpadanta kA dArzanika UhApoha 15. mahAkavi puSpadanta ke prAdipurANa kI DaoN. kasturacanda kAsalIvAla eka sacitra pANDulipi 16. mahAkavi puSpadanta kI racanAoM kI rAjasthAna meM lokapriyatA 17. ANaMdA 18. jainavidyA saMsthAna, zrImahAvIrajI 19. svayaMbhU vizeSAMka : vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM mahAkavi puSpadanta DaoN. bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAskara' 20. sAhitya-samIkSA 21. isa aMka ke sahayogI racanAkAra paM. anUpacanda 'nyAyatIcaM' zrI mahAnaMviveva anu. - DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI 90 91 97 101 107 129 135 141 143
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________________ prAstAvika apabhraMza bhASA ke saMdarbha meM mahAkavi puSpadaMta (10vIM zatI I.) kA sthAna bhI mahAkavi svayaMbhU ke samAna hI pramukha hai| inhoMne mahApurANa, NAyakumAracariu evaM jasaharacariu kI racanA kara apabhraMza bhASA ke itihAsa meM apanA amara sthAna banAyA hai| vikhyAta vidvAn rAhula sAMkRtyAyana dvArA sampAdita 'hindI kAvyadhArA' nAmaka apabhraMza kAvyoM ke saMkalana meM bhI mahAkavi svayaMbhU ke pazcAt dUsarA sthAna mahAkavi puSpadaMta ko hI pradAna kiyA gayA hai| apabhraMza bhASA ke anya itihAsakAra vidvAn bhI unake isa vicAra se sahamata haiN| udyotanasUri (8vIM za.) kA kathana hai ki apabhraMza kA prabhAva barasAtI pahAr3I nadiyoM kI bhAMti berokaToka hotA hai aura praNayakupitA nAyikA kI bhAMti yaha manuSyoM ke mana ko zIghra hI vaza meM kara letA hai / udyotanasUri kA yaha kathana puSpadaMta kI racanAoM para pUrNarUpa se ghaTita hotA hai| apabhraMza meM mAnava-jIvana se saMbaMdhita kaI viSayoM para likhA gayA hai| stotra, prabaMdhakAvya, muktaka, caritakAvya, kathA mAdi sAhitya kI sabhI vidhAoM se apabhraMza sAhitya bharA-pUrA hai jinameM darzana, itihAsa, purANa, saMskRti Adi viSayoM para ati sarala evaM bhAvapUrNa racanAeM likhI gaI haiM / jaina granthabhaNDAroM kI khoja ke AdhAra para yaha siddha ho cukA hai ki saMskRta aura prAkRta kI bhAMti hI apabhraza meM bhI bhakti sAhitya kA pracura mAtrA meM nirmANa humA hai jisane hindI ke bhaktikAla ko paryApta prabhAvita kiyA hai| kavi dhanapAla (11vIM za.vi.) ne 'satyapurIya mahAvIra utsAha', jinadattasUri (12vIM za. vi.) ne 'carcarI' aura 'navakAraphala kulaka', devasUri (12vIM za. vi.) ne 'muni candrasUri stuti' kA nirmANa apabhraMza meM hI kiyA hai| zrI jinaprabhasUri (13vIM za.vi.). ne "jinajanmAbhiSeka', 'jinamahimA' paura
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________________ 2 'munisuvratastotram ' evaM zrI dharmaghoSasUri ( 14vIM za . ) kI 'mahAvIra - kalaza' racanAeM apabhraMza meM hI nibaddha haiM / jisa bhA~ti saMskRta ' zloka' aura prAkRta 'gAthA' chanda ke lie prasiddha hai vaise hI apabhraMza meM 'hA' chanda kA prayoga sabase adhika huA hai / dUhA sAhitya ko do bhAgoM meM bAMTA jA sakatA hai - 1. bhAToM tathA cAraNoM Adi dvArA nirmita zRMgAra evaM vIrarasapradhAna sAhitya aura 2 jaina sAdhakoM dvArA zAntarasapradhAna AdhyAtmika sAhitya | hindI kA 'nirguNa bhakti kAvya' apabhraMza ke jaina dUhA sAhitya se prabhAvita hai / donoM kI adhikAMza pravRttiyAM samAna haiN| DaoN0 hIrAlAla jaina ke zabdoM meM- 'inameM vaha vicAra - srota pAyA tA hai jisakA pravAha hameM kabIra kI racanAoM meM pracuratA se milatA hai|' DaoN0 rAmasiMha tomara ne bhI kahA hai - 'jo bhI ho, hindI sAhitya meM isa rahasyavAda - mizrita paramparA ke zrAdi-pravartaka kabIra haiM aura unakI zailI, zabdAvalI kA pUrvavarttI rUpa jaina apabhraMza racanAoM meM prApta hotA hai / kabIra nirguNa brahma ke upAsaka the / unakA brahma aisA vyApaka thA jo bhItara se bAhara evaM bAhara se bhItara taka phailA thA / vaha abhAvarUpa bhI thA aura bhAvarUpa bhI, nirAkAra bhI thA aura sAkAra bhI, dvaita bhI thA aura advaita bhI / spaSTa hai kabIra kA brahma kathA | anekAnta jainadarzana kA pramukha prasiddha siddhAnta hai / kabIra ke 'nirguNa meM saguNa aura saguNa meM nirguNa' siddhAntavAlI bAta jaina apabhraMza dohA sAhitya meM spaSTataH upalabdha hai| kabIra ne jisa brahma ko nirguNa kahA hai use hI digambara jaina apabhraMza racanAkAra prA. yogIndu ne apane 'paramAtmaprakAza' meM niSkala ( paMcavidha zarIra rahita ), 'niraMjana, nirAkAra Adi kahA hai| anya kaI jaina racanAkAroM ne bhI brahma ke isa svarUpa kA varNana kiyA hai / jaina apabhraMza sAhitya kI dUsarI mahattvapUrNa vidhA hai prabaMdhakAvya jisameM mAnavajIvana se saMbaMdhita vibhinna pahaluoMoM kA sparza kara unakA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| ise do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. paurANika zailI isa zailI meM svayaMbhU ke 'paumacariu', puSpadaMta ke 'mahApurANa', vIrU kavi ke 'jambUsvAmIcariu' evaM haribhadra ke 'mirAhacariu ' Adi ko sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai / 2. romAMcaka zailI- dhanapAla dhakkar3a kI 'bhavisayattakahA', puSpadaMta kA 'gAyakumAracariu', nayanaMdi kA 'sudaMsaNacariu' Adi racanAeM isa zailI kI udAharaNasvarUpa prastuta kI jA sakatI haiN| puSpadaMta ke mahApurANa ke sampAdaka DaoN. pI. ela. vaidya kI mAnyatA hai ki yaha mahApurANa mahAkAvyoM meM eka uccakoTi kA graMtha hai / isI prakAra 'pAyakumAracariu' kI bhUmikA meM DaoN. hIrAlAla jaina ne ise eka uttama koTi kA prabaMdhakAvya pramANita kiyA hai / pATaNa evaM kaI anya sthAnoM ke jaina graMtha bhaNDAroM meM apabhraMza bhASA kA sAhitya pracura mAtrA meM upalabdha hai jisa para vidvAnoM dvArA zodha karane kI prati AvazyakatA hai / zrAja bhArata ke vibhinna sthAnoM meM isa bhASA kA jo prabhUta sAhitya upalabdha hai usakA pramukha zre digambara jaina samAja tathA usake bhaTTArakoM, paNDitoM Adi ko hai jinhoMne muslima kAla ke
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________________ 3 AkramaNoM, sAmpradAyika utpAtoM, vidveSoM ke samaya isa bhASA ke hastalikhita graMthoM ko surakSita rakhA / akele digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI meM jainavidyA saMsthAna ke pANDulipi vibhAga meM hI lagabhaga 350 pANDulipiyAM apabhraMza bhASA kI haiM jinameM mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke mahApurANa, jasaharacariu, gAyakumAracariu Adi kI pratiyAM bhI haiM / yaha kheda aura Azcarya kA viSaya hai ki apabhraMza bhASA kA itanA vizAla aura mahattvapUrNa sAhitya hote hue bhI prArambha meM yaha prAyaH upekSita rahA / vidvAnoM kA dhyAna isa ora gayA hI nahIM / prasannatA kI bAta hai ki aba kucha vidvAnoM kA dhyAna isa ora prakRSTa huA hai aura zodha kI vibhinna dizAoM meM kArya ho rahA hai / kintu kSetra itanA adhika vistRta hai ki usameM abhI taka jo kucha huA hai athavA kiyA jA rahA hai vaha aparyApta hai / abhI bahuta kucha karanA zeSa hai / isa tathya ko dRSTi meM rakhate hue digambara jaina atizaya kSetra zrImahAvIrajI dvArA saMcAlita jainavidyA saMsthAna ne bhI isa mahattvapUrNa kArya meM aMzadAna karane kA nizcaya kiyA hai / phalasvarUpa saMsthAna ke kucha vidvAn apabhraMza ke kucha pahaluoM para kArya kara rahe haiM / apabhraMza sAhitya para kArya karanevAle anya vidvAnoM ko apanI kRtiyAM prakAza meM lAne kA avasara mila sake isa dRSTi se jainavidyA saMsthAna ne 'jainavidyA' patrikA kA prakAzana prArambha kiyA hai / isakA prathama aMka 'svayaMbhU vizeSAMka' ke rUpa meM pAThakoM taka pahu~ca cukA hai aura dUsarA yaha aMka 'puSpadaMta vizeSAMka : khaNDa-1' pAThakoM ke hAthoM meM hai / isa kArya meM jina-jina vidvAnoM ne apanI racanAeM bhejakara, ruci prakaTa kara tathA saMsthAna ke nidezaka / patrikA ke pradhAna-sampAdaka evaM anya sahayogiyoM ne jo sahayoga pradAna kiyA hai una sabake prati saMsthAna samiti prabhArI hai| samiti ke apane hI sadasya DaoN. kamalacanda sogAnI, prophesara evaM adhyakSa - darzanazAstra vibhAga, sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura bhI pUrva kI bhA~ti isa aMka ko 'puSpadaMta vizeSAMka' ke rUpa meM prakAzita karane ke lie preraNA dene evaM sampAdana kArya meM sahayoga dene hetu vizeSa dhanyavAdArha haiN| jayapura priNTarsa ke proprAITara zrI sohanalAla jaina ko bhI zuddha, sundara evaM kalApUrNa mudraNa ke lie dhanyavAda arpita hai / esavI - 10 javAharalAla neharU mArga bApUnagara, jayapura-302004 (DaoN0) gopIcanda pATanI jainavidyA saMsthAna samiti, zrImahAvIrajI, jayapura
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________________ prakAzakIya "jainavidyA" patrikA kA dvitIya aMka suprasiddha purANa evaM sAhityakAra mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke nAma para prakAzita karate hue hamArA hRdaya pulakita ho rahA hai| isase pUrva patrikA kA prathama aMka apabhraMza ke hI jJAta mahAkaviyoM meM Adyatama mahAkavi svayaMbhU ke nAma para prakAzita huA thA jisa para patroM, vidvAnoM, cintakoM, bhASAzAstriyoM Adi kI jo prazaMsApUrNa sammatiyAM prApta huI aura jinameM se kucha ko saMkSipta rUpa meM isI aMka meM prakAzita kiyA jA rahA hai unase hamAre utsAha meM dviguNita vRddhi huI hai| gadya aura padya meM nibaddha ve saba prakAra kI racanAeM jo sArvajanIna hita kI hoM "sAhitya" zabda se abhihita kI jAtI haiN| jaina AcAryoM aura vidvAnoM dvArA likhA gayA sAhitya "sAhitya" kI isa paribhASA para kharA utaratA hai| unhoMne jo kucha bhI likhA vaha yA to "svAntaHsukhAya" thA athavA lokakalyANa kI bhAvanA se prerita / alaMkAra, rasa Adi sAhitya ke anya aMga unake lie gauNa the| isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki sAhitya ke ina aMgoM aura vidhAoM ko unhoMne chupA hI na ho| prasaMgopAtta inakA samAveza jaina racanAoM meM paryApta mAtrA meM huA hai aura vaha nagaNya athavA upekSaNIya nahIM hai| tIrthaMkaroM kA kalyANakArI upadeza jana-jana taka pahu~ca sake isake lie unhoMne usa samaya kI pracalita loka-bhASA kA cayana kiyaa| svayaM bhagavAn mahAvIra ne tatkAlIna lokabhASA arddha-mAgadhI ko jo apane upadezoM kA mAdhyama banAyA usakA ekamAtra kAraNa yaha thA ki unake janahitakArI upadeza sAdhAraNa se sAdhAraNa prANI kI bhI samajha meM A skeN| unake bAda meM honevAle jaina racanAkAroM ne isa paramparA ko cAlU rkhaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki bhArata kI prAyaH pratyeka lokabhASA meM jaina racanAkAroM dvArA racita sAhitya prabhUta mAtrA meM prApta hotA hai /
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________________ 5 prAkRta ke pazcAt jisa bhASA ne lokabhASA kA svarUpa grahaNa kiyA vaha apabhraMza nAma se pukArI jAtI hai / zrAja se 82-83 varSa pUrva isa bhASA kA sAhitya ajJAta thA kyoMki yaha jaina graMtha bhaNDAroM meM banda par3A rahA aura bhAratIya vidvAnoM dvArA use dhArmika sAhitya-mAtra samajhA jAkara usakI upekSA ko jAtI rahI / san 1902 meM sarvaprathama prasiddha jarmana vidvAn pizala ne " mArerI lieva sura keNTinasa Desa apabhraMza" zIrSaka eka nibaMdha likha kara vidvAnoM kA dhyAna isa ora AkarSita kiyaa| isake pazcAt jarmanI ke hI jaikobI, prAlsaphorDa Adi vidvAnoM ne isameM ruci lekara isa kArya ko Age bar3hAyA aura bhAratIya sAhitya ke itihAsa meM isa bhASA ke mahattva ko bhASAvidoM ke sAmane rakhA / yadi ye videzI vidvAn aisA nahIM karate to abhI bhI zAyada yaha viSaya upekSita hI rahatA / etadartha bhAratIya sAhitya jagat sadA unakA RNI rahegA / apabhraMza bhASA kI aba taka jJAta racanAoM meM se adhikAMza jaina vidvAnoM dvArA racita haiM / isa kAraNa ve mAtra lokAnuraMjaka na hokara janahitakArI bhI haiM / apabhraMza ke isa mahattva ko dhyAna meM rakhakara hI saMsthAna ke uddezyoM ke anukUla patrikA ne apabhraMza bhASA ke jaina racanAkAroM para vizeSAMkoM kI zrRMkhalA prArambha kI hai / hamAre prakAzanoM ke saMbaMdha meM pAThakoM dvArA batalAI gaI kamiyoM, truTiyoM kA sadA hI svAgata hai / isa prakAra hamAre dhyAna meM lAI gaI khAmiyoM ko bhaviSya ke prakAzanoM meM dUra karane kA prayatna kiyA jAyagA / jina vidvAn sAhityakAroM ne racanAeM preSita kara sahayoga pradAna kiyA unake prati kRtajJatA jJApana karanA hama hamArA parama kartavya mAnate haiN| sAtha hI saMsthAna ke saMyojaka mahodaya DaoN0 gopIcanda pATanI, mAnada nidezaka evaM pradhAna sampAdaka pro0 pravINacandra jaina, sahAyaka sampAdaka zrI bhaMvaralAla polyAkA evaM suzrI prIti jaina Adi sampAdana evaM prakAzana kArya meM diye gaye sahayoga hetu tathA jayapura priNTarsa ke proprAiTara zrI sohanalAla jaina AkarSaka kalApUrNa mudraNa ke lie dhanyavAdArha haiM jinake sammilita prayAsoM aura sahayoga kA hI yaha pariNAma hai / -kapUracanda pATanI prabandha sampAdaka -
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________________ Arambhika "jainavidyA" patrikA kA dvitIya aMka pAThakoM ke samakSa prastuta karate hue hameM hArdika prasannatA hai| ___ bhArata kI pratyeka bhASA ke sAhitya kI vibhinna vidhAoM kI zrIvRddhi meM jainAcAryoM, gRhastha vidvAnoM, tyAgiyoM, vratiyoM Adi kA mahattvapUrNa yogadAna rahA hai| apabhraMza bhASA ke jJAta sAhitya kA lagabhaga assI pratizata to jaina sAhityakAroM kI hI dena hai ataH yaha kahanA ki apabhraMza bhASA ke sAhitya nirmANa meM, unakI vibhinna vidhAoM ko samRddha banAne meM jainoM kI pramukha bhUmikA rahI hai atyukti nahIM hai / apabhraMza yadyapi uttara bhArata kI lokabhASA rahI hai kintu isa bhASA ke prAcInatama jJAta sAhitya kA nirmANa dakSiNa meM huaa| apabhraMza ke prAdya mahAkavi svayaMbhU evaM puSpadaMta kI sAhitya nirmANasthalI dakSiNa bhArata hI thii| donoM ne hI dakSiNa bhArata ke karNATaka prAnta ko apane AvAsa se pavitra kiyA thaa| sAhitya kA praNayana jisa kAlavizeSa meM hotA hai usa samaya kI sAmAjika, rAjanItika, sAhityika, sAMskRtika paristhitiyoM evaM gatividhiyoM kA prabhAva usa kAla meM nirmita sAhitya para par3e binA nahIM rhtaa| ataH ye kRtiyA~ isa viSaya kA adhyayana karanevAle vidvAnoM ke lie darpaNa kA kArya karatI haiN| bhASA ke udbhava, vikAsa tathA bhASAgata pravRttiyoM Adi ke samajhane meM ye kRtiyAM sahAyaka hotI haiM / apabhraMza bhASA kA vikAsa aura prasAra kAla IsA kI chaThI zatAbdI se lekara gyArahavIM zatAbdI taka mAnA jAtA hai kintu isake pazcAt bhI isa bhASA meM sAhitya kA nirmANa honA apekSAkRta kama bhale hI ho gayA ho kintu sarvathA banda nahIM huaa| yaha bAta isase bhI puSTa hotI hai ki isa bhASA kI antima racanA pANDe bhagavatIdAsa kI samvat --1700 kI mRgAMkalekhAcaritra apara nAma zazilehAcariu prApta hotI hai /
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________________ prAkRta aura vartamAna khar3I bolI ke vikAsa kA itihAsa jisake adhyayana ke binA sambaddha nahIM ho sakatA, jur3a nahIM sakatA vaha hai apabhraMza / isa dizA meM sarvaprathama prayAsa prasiddha jarmana vidvAn pizala, jaikobI Adi ne kiyaa| isake pazcAt bhAratIya vidvAnoM ne isa kar3I kA vibhinna dRSTiyoM se adhyayana kiyaa| kintu isa ora jo prayatna aba taka hue haiM ve bahuAyAmI evaM bahuparimANI hote hue bhI paryApta nahIM haiN| abhI taka isa kSetra meM bahuta kucha kiyA jAnA zeSa hai| .. apabhraMza bhASA ke jJAta sAhitya meM se adhikAMza jaina graMtha bhaNDAroM se prApta hunA hai kintu abhI bhI saiMkar3oM aise graMtha bhaNDAra haiM jinakA sarvekSaNa honA zeSa hai| yadi aisA saMbhava ho sake to isa bhASA kI aneka aisI racanAeM prakAza meM aura A sakatI haiM jo aba taka ajJAta rahI haiN| apabhraMza bhASA ke Adya kavi kauna the yaha prazna abhI taka anuttarita hI hai kyoMki vartamAna meM jJAta kaviyoM meM se prAcInatama kavi svayaMbhU ne apanI racanAoM meM apane pUrvavartI IzAna, caturmukha, droNa Adi kaviyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai jinakI koI racanA adyAvadhi upalabdha nahIM hai| ataH patrikA kA prathama aMka hamane aba taka jJAta aise mahAkaviyoM jinakI ki racanAeM upalabdha haiM, meM se kavi svayaMbhU ke nAma para 'svayaMbhU vizeSAMka' ke rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA thaa| yojanA yaha hai ki apabhraMza bhASA ke pratyeka kavi para kAlakramAnusAra eka vizeSAMka prastuta kiyA jAya jisase ki usa kavi ke vyaktitva aura karta tva kA vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se vistRta adhyayana eka hI sthAna para ho . ske| isa yojanA kA sAhitya-jagat meM hamArI AzA se bhI adhika svAgata huA hai yaha prathama aMka para prApta una aneka sammatiyoM se, jinameM se kucha kA saMkSipta prakAzana isa aMka meM kiyA jA rahA hai, spaSTa hai| mahAkavi svayaMbhU ke pazcAt jisa mahAkavi kA nAma apabhraMza sAhitya ke jJAta racanAkAroM kI sUcI meM AtA hai ve haiM mahAkavi puSpadaMta / donoM hI kavi apabhraMza sAhitya-gagana ke aise jvalanta nakSatra haiM jinameM se kisI eka kA mahattva dUsare se kama nahIM AMkA jA sktaa| svayaMbhU ne jahA~ tatkAlIna samAja meM bahucarcita rAma aura kRSNa kathAoM ko apane kAvya kA viSaya banAyA hai vahA~ puSpadaMta ne apane kAvya praNayana ke lie vesaTha zalAkApuruSoM (mahApuruSoM) ke caritra ko cunaa| apabhraMza meM paurANika mahAkAvyoM kI zailI jaina kaviyoM kI dena hai / puSpadaMta isa zailI ke saphala praNetA aura kalAkAra haiM ataH svayaMbhU ke pazcAt puSpadaMta ke vyaktitva aura kartRtva para sAmagrI prastuta karane kA nizcaya aucityapUrNa hI hai / saubhAgya se isa kavi para itanI pracura, mahattva evaM vaividhya pUrNa sAmagrI prApta huI ki use eka hI aMka meM samAhita karanA saMbhava na ho skaa| ataH usa sAmagrI kA do khaNDoM meM vibhAjana kiyA gyaa| prastuta prathama khaNDa meM puSpadaMta kI eka hI racanA "mahApurANa" sambandhI sAmagrI kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai aura AgAmI khaNDa meM unakI zeSa do kRtiyoM "jasaharacariu" aura "NAyakumAracariu" kA vistRta adhyayana prastuta kiyA jaaygaa|
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________________ isa aMka meM bhI "pANaMdA" zIrSaka se eka prAdhyAtmika racanA sAnubAda prakAzita kI jA rahI hai| vaise yaha racanA bhikSu smRti graMtha ke dvitIya khaNDa meM mUlarUpa meM to prakAzita ho cukI hai kintu usakA anuvAda prakAzita huA ho aisA hamArI jAnakArI meM nahIM hai / racanA ke mUlarUpa kA saMzodhana bhI tIna pratiyoM ke AdhAra se huA hai aura sAtha meM pAThabheda bhI de diye haiM jisase usakI mahattA aura upayogitA aura bhI bar3ha gaI hai| hamArI ghoSita nIti ke anusAra racanAeM prAyaH mUlarUpa meM hI prakAzita kI jA rahI haiM ataH svabhAvataH unameM prakAzita tathyoM, vicAroM Adi ke lie svayaM lekhaka hI uttaradAyI haiN| puSpadaMta ke pazcAt hamArA vicAra apabhraMza bhASA ke hI kavi dhanapAla evaM dhavala para sAmagrI prastuta karane kA hai| vidvAnoM, cintakoM evaM manISiyoM se anurodha hai ki ve isa viSaya para na kevala apanI maulika racanAeM hI hameM bhejeM apitu, dUsaroM ko bhI isa hetu prerita kara hamArA sahayoga kreN| sAmagrI jitanI zIghra hameM prApta hogI utanI hI zIghra hama use pAThakoM taka pahu~cAne kA prayatna kreNge| : hama punaH sUcita kara rahe haiM ki samIkSArtha navIna prakAzanoM kI tIna pratiyAM prApta hone para patrikA meM unakI samIkSA prakAzita ho skegii| isa kArya meM jina vidvAn racanAkAroM, sahayogI sampAdakoM tathA sampAdaka-maNDala ke sadasyoM aura mudrakoM Adi kA sahayoga hameM prApta huA hai usake lie hama unake prati kRtajJa haiN| - (pro0) pravINacandra jaina . pradhAna sampAdaka
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________________ mahAkavi puSpadaMtaH vyaktitva aura kartRtva - DaoN0 Aditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti' apabhraMza ke prasiddha kaviyoM meM puSpadanta kA sthAna pramukha hai| vikhyAta vidvAn DaoN0 rAhula sAMkRtyAyana dvArA sampAdita 'hindI kAvyadhArA' nAmaka apabhraza kAvyoM ke saMkalana meM mahAkavi svayaMbhU ke bAda rAhulajI ne dUsarA sthAna rASTrakUTa nareza kRSNarAja tRtIya (saM0 996-1025) ke maMtrI bharata evaM nanna ke Azrita apabhraMza kavi puSpadanta ko diyA hai| mahAkavi puSpadanta kazyapa gotrIya brAhmaNa the| Apake pitA kA nAma kezava bhaTTa aura mAtuzrI kA nAma mugdhA devI thA / Arambha meM kavizrI zaiva matAvalambI the aura unhoMne bhairava nAmaka kisI zaiva rAjA kI prazaMsA meM kAvya kA praNayana bhI kiyA thaa| bAda meM apabhraMza kavi puSpadanta kisI jaina muni ke upadeza se jaina ho gaye aura mAnyakheTa meM Akara maMtrI bharata ke anurodha se jinabhakti se prerita hokara kAvya-sarjana meM pravRtta hue| barAra nivAsI puSpadanta ne saMnyAsa vidhi se maraNa kiyA / mahAkavi puSpadanta atyanta svAbhimAnI the| puSpadanta kA gharelU nAma khaNDa yA khaNDU thaa| 'khaNDUjI' nAma mahArASTra meM aba bhI pracalana meM hai| ApakA svabhAva ugra aura spaSTavAdI thaa| bharata aura bAhubalI ke kathA-saMdarbha meM Apane rAjA ko luTerA aura cora taka kaha diyA hai|' kavi ke upAdhinAma abhimAnameru, abhimAnacihna , kAvyaratnAkara'0, kavikulatilaka11, sarasvatI-nilaya aura kavva-pisalla18 arthAt kAvyapizAca yA kAvya-rAkSasa the| 'kavvapisalla' padavI bar3I adbhuta hai / yaha kavi ke maujI aura phakkar3a svabhAva kA pratIka hai| kavi prakRti se akkhar3a aura ni:saMga the| unheM sAMsArika vastu kI AkAMkSA nahIM thii| vaha mAtra niHsvArtha prema ke abhilASI the / 14 ....
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________________ jainavidyA kavizrI puSpadanta ke vyaktitva meM svAbhimAna aura vinayazIlatA kA eka vicitra saMgama parilakSita hai| eka ora vaha apane ko aisA mahAn kavi batalAte haiM jisakI bar3e-bar3e vizAlagraMthoM ke jJAtA aura muddata se kavitA karanevAle bhI samAnatA nahIM kara sakate aura sarasvatI se kahate haiM ki he devi ! abhimAnaratna-nilaya puSpadanta ke binA tuma kahA~ jAnogI, tumhArI kyA dazA hogI? aura dUsarI ora vaha kahate haiM ki maiM darzana, vyAkaraNa, siddhAnta, kAvya, alaMkAra kucha bhI nahIM jAnatA, garbhamUrkha huuN| na mujha meM buddhi hai, na zrutasaMga, na kisI kA bala hai / 15 hariSeNa kavi to yahA~ taka kahate haiM ki puSpadanta manuSya thor3e hI haiM, sarasvatI unakA pIchA nahIM chodd'tii|18 bANa ke bAda rAjanIti kA itanA ugra pAlocaka dUsarA lekhaka nahIM huaa| sacamuca melapATI ke usa udyAna meM huI amAtya bharata aura puSpadanta kI bheMTa bhAratIya sAhitya kI bahuta bar3I ghaTanA hai| yaha anubhUti aura kalpanA kI akSaya dhArA hai jisase apabhraMza sAhitya kA upavana harA-bharA ho utthaa| maMtrI bharata mAlI the aura kRSNa varNa kurUpa puSpadanta kavi-manISI, unake sneha ke AlavAla meM kavizrI kA kAvya-kusuma mukulita huaa|17 kavikovida puSpadanta kA sAhitya-sarjana ke pIche eka nizcita uddezya rahA hai| vaha kisI rAjA kI stuti ke lie kAvya likhanA ThIka nahIM samajhate the / sAhitya ke dvArA dhanArjana karanA bhI kavi kA lakSya nahIM thaa| unheM to jinabhakti se prerita hokara hI graMthoM kI saMracanA abhipreta hai|18 puSpadanta ne kAvya likhane ke lie anubhUti ko pramukha sthAna diyA hai / 10 kavi kA kahanA hai ki jinapadabhakti se merA kavitva vaise hI phUTa par3atA hai jaise madhumAsa meM Ama ke bauroM para koyala kUka uThatI hai, kAnana meM bhramara mUMjane lagate haiM, kIra mAnanda se bhara uThatA hai / 30 puSpadanta ne sarasvatI vaMdanA karate hue apane kAvya sambandhI vicAra isa prakAra udbhUta kiye haiM - komala pada, para kalpanA mUr3ha ho, bhASA prasanna aura gambhIra honI cAhiye / kavi chaMda aura alaMkAra ko kAvya kI gati kA Avazyaka . sAdhana mAnate haiM / zAstra aura arthatattva kI gambhIratA svIkArate haiM / 1 isa nikaSa para kavi kA kAvya kharA utaratA hai| kavi bAra-bAra alaMkRta yA rasabharI kathA kI upamA dete haiM / " ApakA Azaya yahI thA ki kathA-nirvAha tathA rasa aura alaMkAra kA samAveza aucityasampRkta honA caahiye| mahApurANa, NAyakumAracariu 4 tathA jasaharacariu meM sadRza upamAe~ draSTavya haiN| vaiyAkaraNa mArkaNDeya ne apane 'prAkRta sarvasva' meM apabhraMza bhASA ke nAgara, upanAgara aura brAcaDa - ye tIna bheda kiye haiN| inameM se brAcaDa ko lATa (gujarAta) aura vidarbha (barAra) kI bhASA batalAyA hai| prastu, puSpadaMta kI bhASA apabhraMza vAcaDa honI cAhiye / mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne kavi-samayoM tathA kathAnakarUr3hiyoM kA prayoga na kiyA hotA to madhyayugIna sAhitya bhI kavisamaya tathA kathAnakarUr3hiyoM ke prayoga se yatkicit achUtA hI raha jaataa| puSpadaMta-dvArA prayukta kavisamaya tathA kathAnakarUr3hisambandhI prayoga eka Adarza nikaSa sthApita karate haiM jisase inakI maulikatA kA zrIvardhana hotA hai / puSpadaMta asAdhAraNa pratibhAzAlI mahAkavi the| itanA hI nahIM ve vidagdha dArzanika aura jainasiddhAnta ke prakANDa paMDita bhI the| kRzakAya hone para bhI kavi kI prAtmA atyanta
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________________ jainavidyA tejasvinI thI / mahAkavi puSpadaMta kI tIna racanAe~ - tisaTThimahApurisaguNAlaMkAra, NAyakumAracariu aura jasaharacariu upalabdha haiN| yaha prasannatA kA prasaMga hai tInoM hI graMtha Adhunika paddhati se susampAdita hokara prakAzita ho cuke haiN| prastuta zodhAlekha meM puSpadaMta viracita granthatraya kI sAhityika vivecanA hameM abhIpsita hai - tisaThimahApurisaguNAlaMkAra (triSaSTimahApuruSaguNAlaMkAra) yaha vizAla graMtha 'mahApurANa' saMjJA se adhika jAnA jAtA hai / 'mahApurANa' do khaNDoM meM vibhakta hai - AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa / ye donoM khaNDa alaga-alaga graMtha rUpa meM milate haiN| ina donoM khaNDoM meM tresaTha zalAkA puruSoM ke carita zabdita haiN| prathama khaNDa meM Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva kA tathA dUsare khaNDa meM zeSa teIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA aura unake samayugIna anya mahApuruSoM - nArAyaNa, pratinArAyaNa, balabhadra Adi kI jIvana-gAthA gumphita hai / uttarapurANa meM padmapurANa (rAmAyaNa) aura harivaMzapurANa ( mahAbhArata ) bhI sammilita haiN| ye pRthak-pRthak graMtha rUpa meM bhI prApta haiN| AdipurANa meM assI tathA uttarapurANa meM biyAlIsa sandhiyA~ (sarga) haiN| inakA zloka parimANa bIsa hajAra hai| isa vistIrNa graMtha kI sarjanA meM kavi puSpadaMta ko lagabhaga chaha varSa lage the| isa mahAn graMtha ke lie kavi puSpadaMta ne svayaM kahA hai ki isameM saba kucha hai aura jo isameM nahIM hai vaha kahIM nahIM hai - patra prAkRtalakSaNAni sakalA nIti: sthiticchandasAmarthAlaMkRtayo rasAzca vividhAstattvArthanirNItayaH // kiMcAnyadihAsti jainacarite nAnyatra tadvidyate / dvAvatI bharatezapuSpadazanI siddha yayorIdRzam / / 'mahApurANa' meM puSpadaMta ne lokabhASA kA vyavahAra kiyA hai jisameM vAgdhArAoM, lokoktiyoM aura sundara subhASitoM ke viniyoga se vizeSa saundarya A gayA hai| dhvanyAtmaka bhASA kA kavitvapUrNa udAharaNa draSTavya hai - hoi giri sthalu Nivise sama-thalu / kiraNa kiraNa kira kaddamiyau~ jalu // kiraNa kiraNa kira saMcUriu vnnu| kiraNa kiraNa dhUli jAyau taNa // ___ kavi ne jahA~ para bhI varNanoM meM prAcIna paramparA kA Azraya liyA hai vahA~ zailI alaMkRta aura durUha hai| jahA~ para paramparA ko chor3a svataMtra zailI kA prayoga huA hai vahA~ bhASA adhika spaSTa, sarala aura pravAhamayI hai| 'mahApurANa' ke prArambha meM paramparAgata sajjana-prazaMsA evaM durjana-niMdA ke sAtha-sAtha kavi puSpadaMta ne apanI vinamratA kAlidAsa kI bhAMti 'kva cAlpaviSayA matiH' kaha kara vyakta kI hai| graMtha meM tirasaTha mahApuruSa vaNita hone se kathAnaka paryApta vistRta evaM vizRMkhalita hai tathApi bIca-bIca meM nagaroM aura jAmoM Adi ke bhavya varNana se rocakatA kA samAyojana ullekhanIya hai|30 rasa-yojanA ke dRSTikoNa se kAvya meM vIra, zRMgAra aura zAMta rasoM kA sundara paripAka huA hai|
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________________ janavidyA isameM prakRti ke eka nahIM aneka dRzyavarNana hiyahArI haiN| prakRti ke dRzyoM kA kavi puSpadaMta ne sajIva evaM gatyAtmaka citraNa kiyA hai| vasaMta Adi RtuoM kA varNana prabhAvaka bana par3A hai| zabdAlaMkAra evaM arthAlaMkAra kA pracura prayoga prazasya hai| ___isa prakAra sampUrNa purANa aneka sAmAjika, rAjanItika bAtoM kA eka vizvakoSa hai| 1 graMthAnta meM puSpadaMta kahate haiM ki isa racanA meM prakRta ke lakSaNa, samasta nIti, chaMda, alaMkAra, rasa, tattvArtha-nirNaya saba kucha samAviSTa haiM / gAyakumAracariu (nAgakumAracarita) ___ yaha prabandhakAvya puSpadaMta kI dUsarI saMracanA hai| nau sandhiyoM ke isa kAvya meM zrutapaMcamI kA mAhAtmya batalAne ke lie nAgakumAra kA carita varNita hai| mAnyakheTa meM bharata maMtrI ke putra nanna ke upAzraya meM puSpadaMta ne 'NAyakumAracariu' kA praNayana kiyA thA / kahate haiM ki mahodadhi ke guNavarma aura zobhana nAmaka do ziSyoM ne prArthanA kI ki Apa paMcamI-phala kI racanA kIjie / mahAmAtya nanna ne bhI use sunane kI icchA prakaTa kI aura phira nAilla aura zIla bhaTTa ne bhI Agraha kiyaa| 3 isa kAvya kI kathA romANTika hai / isa carita ke nAyaka nAgakumAra eka rAjaputra haiM kintu sautele bhrAtA zrIdhara ke vidveSavaza vaha apane pitA dvArA nirvAsita nAnA pradezoM meM bhramaNa karate haiM tathA apane zaurya, naipuNya va kalA-cAturyAdi dvArA aneka rAjAoM va rAjapuruSoM ko prabhAvita karate haiN| bar3e-bar3e yoddhAnoM ko apanI sevA meM lete haiM tathA aneka rAjakanyAoM se vivAha karate haiN| aMtataH pitA dvArA AmaMtrita kiye jAne para punaH rAjadhAnI ko lauTate haiM aura rAjyAbhiSikta hote haiN| jIvana ke aMtima caraNa meM saMsAra se virakta hokara munidIkSA lekara mokSa-vadhU kA varaNa karate haiN| isa kathA-kAvya kI katipaya ghaTanAe~ aura prasaMga tatkAlIna samAja kA yathArtha citraNa karate haiM / 33 paurANika kAvyarUr3hiyoM kA prayoga bhI bakhUbI huA hai| vastutaH yaha jIvanacarita jainakAvya-praNetAoM ko priyakara rahA hai| kavizrI puSpadaMta ne graMthArambha meM sarasvatI-vaMdanA prasaMga meM kAvya-tattvoM kA sundara rUpa meM vivecana kiyA hai / 34 kavi itivRtta, vastu-vyApAra-varNana aura bhAvAbhivyaJjana meM bhI saphala huA hai / rAjagRha ke citraNa meM utprekSA kI lar3I draSTavya hai35 - joyai va kamalasaraloyaNehi, paccai va pavaraNahalliyavaraNehi / lhikkai va laliyavallIharehi, ullasai va bahujiraNavaraharehiM / variNayau va visamavammahasarehi, kaNai va rypaaraavyserehi| parihai va saparihApariyaNora, paMgurai va siyapAyAracIra / NaM gharasiharaggahi saggu chivai, eM caMdapramiyadhArAu piyai / kuMkumachaDaeM NaM raihi raMgu, gAvai dakkhAliya-suhapasaMgu / viraiyamottiyaraMgAvalIhi, jaM bhUsiu gaM hArAvalohi / cihaM dhariya gaM paMcavaNNu, cauvaNNajaNeNa vi bhairavaNNu / kAvya meM prakRti-citraNa paramparAmukta tathA bhASA alaMkRta evaM manorama hai| yaha kAvya aneka alaukika ghaTanAoM se, svapnajJAna evaM zakuna-vicAra se anuprANita hai /
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________________ jainavidyA ___ 13 isa prakAra yaha caritakAvya rasa, alaMkAra, prakRti-citraNa, chaMdAdi sabhI dRSTiyoM se mahattvapUrNa hai| jasaharacariu (yazodharacarita) kavi puSpadaMta dvArA viracita yaha carita-kAvya cAra sandhiyoM meM puNyapuruSa yazodhara kI jIvana-kathA ko prastuta karatA hai| yaha kathAnaka jaina paramparA meM itanA priya rahA hai ki somadeva, vAdirAja, vAsavasena, somakIrti, haribhadra, kSamAkalyANa Adi aneka digambarazvetAmbara lekhakoM ne ise apane DhaMga se prAkRta aura saMskRta bhASAmoM meM likhA hai| inameM puSpadaMta kI tIsarI aura AkhirI kRti 'jasaharacariu' sabase adhika prasiddha hai| isakI racanA kavi ne mAnyakheTa kI lUTa ke samaya 972 I0 ke Asa-pAsa kI thii| 7. prastuta kathA kA mukhya lakSya jIva-bali kA virodha hai| kathAnaka kA vikAsa kucha nATakIya DhaMga se hotA hai| samUcA kathAnaka dhArmika aura dArzanika uddezyoM se paripUrNa hai / kahIM-kahIM AdhyAtmika saMketa bhI dRSTigata haiN| isa kRti meM kavi kA Adarza U~cA hai aura zailI uttama puruSa meM hone se AtmIya hai| paurANika kAvya kI sabhI rUr3hiyA~ isameM haiM / kavi puSpadaMta ne apanI racanA ko dharmakathAnibaddha kahA hai / 38 'jasaharacariu' meM vastu-varNana evaM rasaparipAka bhalI-bhA~ti nahIM huA hai| varNana prAcIna paripATI ke anukUla hai / usameM koI navInatA nahIM hai / nAnA janmAntaroM kI aisI pecIdI kahAnI apabhraMza meM koI dUsarI nahIM hai / kadalIpAta sadRza isa carita meM kathA ke andara kathA suniyojita hai| isa prakAra bhAvodreka kA prabhAva sarvatra parilakSita hai tathApi graMtha kI bhASA vegavatI, anuprAsamayI, muhAvaredAra evaM alaMkRta hai| uparyaMkita vivecana ke AdhAra para apabhraMza bhASA ke mahAn kavi puSpadaMta kI racanAoM meM proja, pravAha, rasa, aura saundarya kA samAyojana utkRSTa hai / bhASA para kavi kA adhikAra asAdhAraNa hai| zabdoM kA bhaMDAra vizAla hai aura zabdAlaMkAra evaM .arthAlaMkAra donoM se hI kavi-kAvya samRddha hai / puSpadaMta naiSadhakAra zrIharSa ke samAna hI medhAvI mahAkavi the / tulanAtmaka dRSTi se vicAra kareM to svayaMbhU aura puSpadaMta apabhraMza jagat ke siramaura haiN| svayaMbhU meM yadi bhAvoM kA sahaja saundarya hai to puSpadaMta meM baMkima bhaMgimA hai| svayaMbhU kI bhASA meM prasanna pravAha hai to puSpadaMta kI bhASA meM arthagaurava kI alaMkRta jhaaNkii| eka sAdagI kA avatAra hai to dUsarA alaMkaraNa kA zreSTha nidarzana 140 prataeva DaoN0 eca0sI0 bhAyANI 1 ne svayaMbhU ko apabhraza kA kAlidAsa aura puSpadaMta ko bhavabhUti kahA hai| vastutaH kavimanISI puSpadaMta apabhraMza vAGamaya kI amUlya nidhi haiM aura jaina sAhitya isa nidhi para garvAnubhUti kara dhanya hai / 1. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, nAthUrAma premI, hindI graMtha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, hIrAbAga, giragA~va, bambaI / prathama saMskaraNa 1942, pRSTha 301-302 2. apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, DaoN0 devendrakumAra jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dillii| prathama saMskaraNa 1965, pRSTha 68
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________________ 14 jainavidyA 3. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA, bhAga 4, DaoN0 nemIcandra zAstrI, zrI bhAratavarSIya digambara jaina vidvat pariSad, sAgara / prathama saMskaraNa 1974, pRSTha 105 4. mahApurANa, tRtIya khaNDa, bhUmikA, pRSTha 4 5. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, nAthUrAma premI, pRSTha 302 6. ( ka ) jo vihiNA gimmiu kavvapiMDu, taM girivi so saMcaliu khaMDu | ( mahApurANa, sandhi - 1, ka. 6 ) (kha) mugdhe zrImadanindyakhaNDasukave baMndhurguNairunnataH ( mahApurANa, sandhi - 3 ) (ga) vAMchannityamahaM kutUhalavatI khaMDasya kIrtiH kRteH / ( mahApurANa, sandhi- 39 ) 7. apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, DaoN0 devendrakumAra jaina, pR. 72 8. ( ka ) taM suNevi bhaNai ahimAgameru / ( ma. pu. 1.3.12 ) (kha) kaM yAsyasyabhimAnaratnanilayaM zrI puSpadaMtaM binA (ma. pu., saM. 45 ) (ga) gaNNa ho maMdira NivasaMtu saMtu, himAgameru guNagaraNamahaMtu / ( gAyakumAracariu, 1.2.2 ) 9. vaya saMjutti uttama satti viyaliya saMki ahimApaMki / ( yazodhara carita, 4. 31.3 ) 10. bho bho kesava taNuruha gavasararUhamuha kavva rayaraNa rayaNAyara / ( mahApurANa, 1.4.10 ) 11. taM NisuNevi bharaheM vuttu tAva, bho kaikulatilayaM vimukka gAva / ( mahApurANa 1.8.1 ) 12. aggai kairAu pupphayaMtu sarasaiNilau / deviyahi sarU vaNNas kaiyaraNakulatilau || ( yazodhara carita - 1.8.15 ) 13. (ka) jiraNacaraNakamalabhattillaeNa, tA jaMpiu kavvapisallae / ( mahApurANa 1.8.8 ) (kha) bollAviu kaikavvapisallau, ki tuhuM saccau bappa gahillau / ( mahApurANa, 38.3.5 ) (ga) gaNNassa pattharaNAe kavvapisallae Na pahasiyamuheNa / ( gAyakumAracariu, aMtima padya ) 14. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA, bhAga 4 pRSTha 105 15. mahApurANa, tRtIya khaNDa, bhUmikA, pRSTha 9-10 16. dhammaparikkhA, 11-26 17. apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, DaoN0 devendrakumAra jaina, pR. 73 18. majbhukaittaNu jiraNapada bhattihi, pasarai gau giya jIvi vittihi / ( mahApurANa, 2-6 ) 19. mahAkavi puSpadaMta, rAjanArAyaNa pANDe, pRSTha 50-84 20. bollai koila aMbaya kaliyahi kAMgaNi caMcarIu rUNurU Tai / / ( mahApurANa, 2-6 ) 21. mahApurANa-1
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________________ jainavidyA 22. mahApurANa - 2, pRSTha 18, 43, 137, 158, 212, 355 23. mahApurANa - 2, pRSTha 291 24. gAyakumAracariu, 32, 44, 49 25. taNurUha kavvatthu va raimaIe / ( jasaharacariu, 18 ) 26. mahApurANa, tRtIya khaNDa, bhUmikA, pRSTha-4 27. puSpadaMta prayukta kavisamayoM evaM kathAnaka rUr3hiyoM kA paravartI madhyayugIna hindI sAhitya para prabhAva, ku0 mIrA rAnI zarmA, zrAgarA vizvavidyAlaya kI pIeca. DI. kA svIkRta zodha prabandha / san 1983, pRSTha 509 28. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA, bhAga 4, DaoN0 nemIcandra jaina pRSTha 109-112 29. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, nAthUrAma premI, pRSTha 313 30. jaina sAhitya kI hindI sAhitya ko dena, zrI rAmasiMha tomara, ema. e., saMgRhIta graMtha - premI abhinaMdana graMtha, premI abhinaMdana samiti, ttiikmgddh'| san 1946, pRSTha 464 31. (ka) jaina sAhitya meM prAcIna aitihAsika sAmagrI, zrI kAmatAprasAda jaina, saMgRhIta grantha- premI abhinaMdana grantha, vahI, pRSTha 456 (kha) hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga, DaoN0 nAmavarasiMha, lokabhAratI prakAzana, ilAhAbAda- 1 | tRtIya saMskaraNa 1961, pRSTha 202 15 32. jaina sAhitya maura itihAsa, nAthUrAma premI, pRSTha 314 33. jaina sAhitya meM prAcIna aitihAsika sAmagrI, zrI kAmatAprasAda jaina, saMgRhIta graMtha - premI abhinaMdana graMtha, premI abhinaMdana graMtha samiti, TIkamagar3ha / san 1946, pRSTha 456 34. gAyakumAracariu, sampAdaka, anuvAdaka - DaoN0 hIrAlAla jaina, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, kanATa plesa, naI dillI-1 dvitIya saMskaraNa, san 1972 I0, sandhi- 1, pRSTha 2-3 35. gAyakumAracariu, vahI, saMdhi 1.7, pRSTha 6-7 36. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa, nAthUrAma premI, pRSTha 314 37. hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga, DaoN0 nAmavarasiMha, pRSTha 208 38. apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, DaoN0 devendrakumAra jaina, pR. 124 39. tIrthaMkara mahAvIra aura unakI prAcArya paramparA, bhAga 4, pRSTha 112 40. hindI ke vikAsa meM apabhraMza kA yoga, DaoN0 nAmavarasiMha, pRSTha 202 41. svayaMbhUkRta 'paumacariu' ke yazasvI sampAdaka tathA apabhraMza bhASA ke suvijJa /
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________________ jainavidyA candraprabha stuti NitteiyaarivaMdahu vayaNacaMdajiyacaMdahu / / paNavivi kuvalayacaMdahu caMdappahahu jiriMNadahu / dhruvakaM / . riNayaMgarassIhiM tamaM viNIyaM, suyaMgauttIhi jayaM viNIyaM / kayaM kayatthaM kira jeNa NiccaM, NamaMti jaM devavaI vi NiccaM / atucchalacchIhalakappabhUyaM, udAracittaM guNapattabhUyaM / dayAvaraM pAliyasavvabhUyaM, girAhiM saMbohiyarakkhabhUyaM / Na jaM piyAlIvirahe visaNNaM, muriMga mahaMtaM vimalaM visaNNaM / visuddhabhAvaM vigayappamAyaM, paraM paresaM parijhINamAyaM / NihIsaraM jaM mahiyaMtarAyaM, parajjiyANaMtaduraMtarAyaM // . pabuddhadukkammavivAyavIlaM, viinnnnduvvaaivivaayviilN| susaccataccaMgaviyAraNAsaM, annNgsiNgaarviyaarnnaasN| sadittiyAbhakkharabhAvahAraM, bhvohsNbhuuibhyaavhaarN| puraMdarAloyaNajoggagattaM, samujjhiyAhammadupaMkagattaM / NivAriyappavvahaselapAyaM, phariNadacUr3AmaNighaTThapAyaM / khagidadeviMdamuriNadadheyaM, NamAmi caMdappahaNAmadheyaM / bharaNAmi tasseva puNo purANaM, gaNesagIyaM pavaraM purA eN| pattA- amalai attharasAlai vynnnnvupplmaali| aTThamu jiNavaru pujjami pauru puNNu Avajjami // .. -mahAkavi puSpadanta (ma0 pu0, 45.1)
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________________ . apabhraMza ke saMvedanazIla mahAkavi puSpadaMta - DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI mAnavIya saMvedanAoM ke kuzala citrakAra, bimba-vidhAna meM anupama, pratIka-saMyojanA meM saphala, prakRti kI pRSThabhUmi meM mAnavIya cetanA kA sajIva varNana karane meM rasasiddha kavi tathA prakRti kI sUkSma saMvedanAoM ko mAnavIya dharAtala para aMkita karanevAle vividha raMgoM kI citrazAlA meM sauMdarya kA saphala aMkana pRSThabhUmi meM vibhinna citroM ke abhivyaMjita karanevAle mahAkavi puSpadaMta uttara tathA dakSiNa bhArata ke madhya dezI bhASA kA setu nirmANa kara zAstrIya paramparA ko bahu praAyAmI rUpa pradAna karanevAle yathArtha meM sazakta kalAkAra hue| apabhraMza sAhitya kI paramparA-prasiddha paramparA meM mahAkavi puSpadaMta kA nAma mukhyarUpa se sadA ullekhanIya hai| isakA kAraNa spaSTa hai ki kavi kI rAgAtmaka cetanA meM jina bhAvAnubhUtiyoM kI abhivyaMjanA huI hai ve mAnavIya saMvedanAoM se sarAbora haiN| saMvedanazIlatA ke darpaNa meM Alokita kavi kI prakRti jar3a nahIM, kintu sajIva mAnavIya vyApAroM meM anvita nirbhara rasa-srota kI bhA~ti prasravaNazIla lakSita hotI hai / mahAkAvya ke prArambha meM hI yaha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ki jahA~ guNavattA nahIM hai, vahA~ jar3atA hai| jar3atA se prakRti, vana bhale haiM, zaraNa lene yogya haiN| kahA hai - "jo cAmaroM kI pavana se guNoM ko ur3A detI hai, abhiSeka ke jala se sajjanatA ko dho detI hai, jo avivekazIla hai, darpa se uddhata hai, moha se andhI aura anya kA hanana karanevAlI haiM, jo saptAMga rAjya ke bhAra se bhArI hai tathA putra aura pitA ke sAtha ramaNarUpI rasa meM samAna rUpa se prAsakta hai, jisakA janma kAlakUTa viSa ke sAtha huA hai, jo jar3oM meM anurakta hai aura vidvAnoM se virakta hai, aisI lakSmI ke
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________________ 18 jainavidyA hone se kyA lAbha hai ? sampatti milate hI manuSya saba prakAra se nIrasa ho jAtA hai / yahA~ taka ki vaha guNavAnoM se bhI dveSa karane laga jAtA hai| isalie hamAre lie vana hI zaraNa hai" (mahApurANa 1. 4. 1-6) / kavi ne manuSya kI rAgAtmaka vRtti tathA prAkRtika rAgamUlaka cetanA kA acchA paricaya diyA hai| kavi ke lie gaMgA nadI eka sAmAnya saritA na hokara anupama bheMTa pradAna karanevAlI parvatezvarI devI hai| vaha alaMkAra kI sabhI vastueM senA ko bheMTa meM detI hai (ma0 purANa 15. 11. 1-10) / isa varNana meM mahAkavi ne jahA~ gaMgA kI udAttatA kA paricaya diyA hai, vahIM rAjA ke pratApa tathA yaza ko bhI sUcita kiyA hai| prakRti ke aMcala ke madhya pahuMcane para vaha mahAmAnava kA kaise sammAna karatI hai, kavi kI pratibhA usakA kuzalatA se varNana karatI hai| isameM koI sandeha nahIM hai ki manuSya kI saundaryAnubhUti kA Alambana prakRti hai| ataH manuSya kI mAnasika sthiti, pariveza aura saMyoga sambandhoM kA varNana karane ke lie bhI kAvya meM prakRti-varNana kiyA jAtA hai| mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne vibhinna sthaloM para apane kAvyoM meM manuSya ke kriyA-kalApoM kI tulanA prakRti se kI hai| aisA hI eka "mahApurANa" kA prasaMga hai / sItA kA apaharaNa karane kI abhilASA se rAvaNa mArIci ke sAtha puSpaka vimAna meM baiThakara vArANasI aayaa| vahAM para rAvaNa ne vana meM eka ora prakRti ke jIvana ko dekhA aura dUsarI ora sItA ke yauvana ko dekhA / kavi ke zabdoM meM : paNa bIsai paccimaNIlagala soyahi jovana maNamINamala / baSu dosai pimmalamariyasala, soyahi jovaNu khiru mahurasaru / baNu dosai saMcaraMta kamalu, soyahi jovaNu paramuhakamalu / baNa vIsai lamivalayAharau, soyahi goSaNa bibAharau / varSa bIsaha kAlAlipiyau, soyahi jonyaNu sAligiyau / varga dosai pralayatilayasahita, soyahi jovaNa bihalIsahiu / vaNa dosai phullAsoyatara, soyahi jovaNa parasoyayA / vaNu dosai duggau kaMcuhi, soyahi jovaNa gharakaMcuihi / vaNu dosai tarukolaMtakai, soyahi, jovaNa vaSNati kh| vaNu dosai mUlariNarukharasu, soyahi jovaNa kayamayaNarasu / varNa vIsai vaDhiyaSavalavali soyahi hArAvali dhavalavali / hiyaullau. kAmasarahi bhariu laMkAlaMkAreM . saMbhariu / marthAt nRtya karatA huA nIlakaNTha mayUra lakSita ho rahA hai| sItA kA yauvana bhI mAnava ke manarUpI mInoM ko AkarSita karane ke lie baMsI ke samAna hai| yadi vana nirmala bharapUra sarovaroM se yukta hai, to sItA kA yauvana bhI atyanta madhura nAda se saMyukta hai| vana meM dhIre-dhIre hilate hue kamala parilakSita ho rahe haiN| sItA kA yauvana bhI zreSTha mukha-kamala hai| vana meM yadi lalita latA-gaha zobhAyamAna haiM to sItA kA yauvana bhI bimbAdhara ke samAna hai|
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________________ jainavidyA yadi vana bhramaroM se prAliMgita hai, to sItA kA yauvana sukha se prAliMgita hai / vana yadi alaka-tilaka vRkSoM se yukta hai, to sItA kA yauvana apane balabhadra pati se saMyukta hai / vana meM zoka vRkSa vikasita lakSita ho raheM haiN| sItA kA yauvana apane lie sukhadAyI, para anya ke lie kheda janaka hai / yadi vana sA~poM se durgama parilakSita hotA hai, to sItA kA yauvana antaHpura kI pratihAriyoM se saMrakSita va durgama hai / 19 mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke " mahApurANa", "jasaharacariu" tathA " gAyakumAracariu" ina kAvyoM meM prakRti kA varNana bhAva Alambana se bharita parilakSita hotA hai / kavi jaba mana:sthiti vizeSa kI pRSThabhUmi ke rUpa meM athavA manobhAva se nirapekSa hokara pAtravizeSa kI manaHsthiti ko abhivyaMjita karatA hai, taba prakRti bhAva- prAlambana ke rUpa meM abhivyakta hotI hai / saMskRta ke kAvyoM meM isa prakAra kA prakRti kA bhAva Alambana rUpa kama hai aura jo citra haiM unameM prakRti anukUla sthiti meM hI hai - vaha kabhI pAtra kA svAgata karatI jAna par3atI hai aura kabhI chipe hue ullAsa kI bhAvanA vyaMjita karatI hai / kAlidAsa ne "raghuvaMza" meM aura bhAravi ne "kirAtArjunIya" meM kucha aise prakRti ke rUpa diye haiM / kintu apabhraMza ke kAvyoM meM jahA~ prakRti anukUla sthiti meM nahIM hai, vahA~ bhI kaviyoM aMkana kiye haiM / mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke kAvyoM meM prakRti ke sabhI prakAra lakSita hote haiM / jisa samaya rAvaNa mAyA se rAma kA rUpa dhAraNa kara mRga- zAvaka ko lekara sItA ke pAsa pahu~catA hai, taba sItA usa chone ko kaise dekhatI hai ? mAno asA duHkha kA saMcaya ho, zarIra kI visphurita kiraNamAlA se yukta viraha kI vistIrNa jvAlAvAlA ho ( mahApurANa 72. 5. 10-11 ) / ne saphala vimboM ke ke rUpa citrita yathArtha meM sItA devI ko abhISTa vastu milane para prasannatA honI cAhiye thI, kintu afa pratibhA kI kuzalatA se viyoga kA prAbhAsa nATakIya rUpa meM pUrva meM hI saMketita kara diyaa| itanA hI nahIM, mAyA-puruSa ko nahIM jAnanevAlI sItA se rAvaNa kahatA hai - he tInoM lokoM meM kauna priye ! vRddha sUrya bhI astaMgata hunA rakta dikhalAI par3atA hai / kahiye, aisA hai jo vRddhatA se jarjara hone para bhI artha meM prAsakta nahIM hotA / ina prakRti ke saMketapUrNa prasaMgoM meM kavi ne apanI pratibhA kA pracchA camatkAra prakaTa kiyA hai| prakRti ko bhAvagata Alambana banAne ke lie mahAkavi ko kisI prasaMga vizeSa ko nahIM dekhanA par3atA hai / kevala harSa - viSAda meM hI vaha prakRti ko bhAvAlambana ke rUpa meM citrita nahIM karatA, kintu prakRti ko Alambana banAkara Akroza bhI prakaTa karatA hai / sattA - puruSa ke dvArA zIlavatI nArI kI avamAnanA hone para kavi ke bhAvoM kA prAkroza prakRti ke vibhinna kArya-kalApoM ke mAdhyama se abhivyaMjita ho uThatA hai / jisa samaya rAvaNa satI sItA kA sparza karane ke lie usake pAsa pahu~catA hai, tabhI kavi kI bAlI meM tIkhApana A jAtA hai / vaha tIkhe svaroM meM bhatna karatA huA Akroza pragaTa karatA hai - itane meM parastrI kA lobhI duSTa rAvaraNa vahA~ jA pahu~catA hai / kyA gA~va ke kutte ko kahIM bhI lajjA AtI hai ? he rAvaraNa ! ( rulAnevAlA) tU dUsare kI yuvatI ko kyoM lAyA ? mAno yaha kahatA huA lAla koMpaloM se vRkSa ro rahA hai| vana mAno apanI zAkhAnoM
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________________ 20 - jainavidyA (mujAmoM) ko uThAkara avamAnanA vyaMjita karatA hai ki nArI-ratna kA maraNa ho rahA hai| kAnoM ke pAsa pAkara bhauMrA gunagunA rahA hai, mAno kaha rahA hai ki svAmin ! yaha kArya ayukta hai, ayogya hai| rAvaNa parastrI ke ramaNa-sukha kA abhilASI hai| (yaha jAna kara) zuka Ter3hA muMha karake calA jAtA hai, mAno vaha bhI rAjA para prakupita hai, udvigna hai| koyala to vilApa karatI huI vahAM jA pahuMcI (aura bolI) - yadi tuma apanI apakIrti cAhate ho to pUjya vaidehI se ramaNa karane kA sAhasa krnaa| haMsAvalI yaha kahatI hai ki ApakI kIrti hamAre samAna zveta tathA lokapriya hai, isalie ise mailA mata karo aura na laMkApurI kI lakSmI kA nAza kro| usa samaya lAla-lAla pallavoMvAlA sundara AmravRkSa aisA pratIta ho rahA thA mAno vaha rAjA ke anyAya kI agni meM jala gayA ho| candana vRkSa lipaTe hue viSadharoM ko dikhalA rahA hai, mAno pratipakSa ke mAna ko sthApita kara rahA ho (mahApurANa 72. 8. 1-11) / mahApurANa mahAkAvya kyA hai, mAno prakRti kA prAMgana hai| isameM saMcaraNazIla pAtra sabhI prakRti ke parivAra ke haiN| isalie pAtra tathA prakRti kI kriyA-pratikriyAeM abhinnarUpa se aMkita lakSita hotI haiN| laMkA meM sItAdevI ke pUchane para vidyAdharI uttara meM kahatI / hai - jisakA kotavAla yama kahA jAtA hai, pratidina kubera jise dhana detA hai, yuddha meM indra bhI jisase thara-thara kAMpatA hai, pavana jisake ghara kA kacarA nikAlatA hai, agni jisake vastra dhotI hai, jisakA nAma lete hI diggaja-vRnda mada chor3ane lagatA hai, sarasvatI jisake Age nRtya karatI hai, vanaspatiyA~ jahA~ kusumAMjali prakSipta karatI haiM, megha jisake A~gana meM chir3akAva karatA hai, vizva meM jisakA pratiyoddhA anya koI nahIM hai vaha isa laMkA kA svAmI hai / tribhuvana kA vijetA usakA nAma rAvaNa hai / (mahApurANa 72. 10. 4-9) / . aneka mArmika prasaMgoM kI saMyojanA se ukta mahAkAvya bharapUra hai| jisa samaya rAma ko sItAdevI ke apaharaNa kA patA calatA hai, usa samaya kA dRzya atyanta karuNa hai / mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne "mahApurANa" kI tihattaravIM saMdhi kA prArambha hI sUryAsta se kiyA hai / sampUrNa saMdhi prakRti kI raMgazAlA hI pratIta hotI hai| yathArtha meM mAnavIya saMvedanAoM ke kuzala citrakAra bimba-vidhAna meM anupama, pratIka-saMyojanA meM saphala, prakRti kI pRSThabhUmi meM mAnavIya cetanA kA sajIva varNana karane meM rasasiddha kavi tathA prakRti kI sUkSmasaMvedanAoM ko mAnavIya dharAtala para aMkita karanevAle vividha raMgoM kI citrazAlA meM saundarya kA saphala aMkana bhAvAlambana ke rUpa meM abhivyaMjita karanevAle mahAkavi puSpadaMta uttara tathA dakSiNa bhArata ke madhya dezI bhASA kA setu nirmANa kara zAstrIya paramparA ko bahuAyAmI rUpa pradAna karanevAle kalAkAra hue| kAvya-jagat meM vAsanA tathA saMvegoM kI paramparA meM zabda-citroM kI saMyojanA Avazyaka mAnI jAtI hai| kucha samIkSaka bhAva tathA cintana ko eka jaTila rUpayojanA mAnate haiM / bimba ke nirmANa meM isI prakriyA kI anviti mAnI jAtI hai| kyoMki bimba kA svarUpa gaThana karanevAle mUla tattva haiM - (1) anubhUti, (2) bhAva, (3) Avega aura (4) aindriytaa|
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________________ janavidyA 21 yathArtha meM bimba mAnasa-pratyakSa zabda-citra hotA hai / AI0 e0 ricarDsa ke anusAra "bimba eka dRzyacitra, saMvedanA kI eka anukRti, eka vicAra, eka mAnasika ghaTanA, eka alaMkAra athavA do bhinna anubhUtiyoM ke tanAva se banI eka bhAvasthiti - kucha bhI ho sakatA hai|" yaha nizcita hai ki bimba prakRti se hI saMzliSTa hotA hai| pratIka to mUrta aura amUrta donoM taraha ke ho sakate haiM, kintu bimba mUrta hI hotA hai| bimba kI preSaNIyatA sandarbha se jur3I rahatI hai| binA kisI sandarbha ke vaha aMkita nahIM hotaa| kintu alaMkAra ke lie sandarbha Avazyaka nahIM hotA / pAzcAtya kAvya-samIkSA meM yaha spaSTa hai ki kAvyAtmaka bimba meM bimba aura rUpaka kA prayoga prAyaH samAna artha meM kiyA jAtA hai| pratIka caritroM kI yojanA mukhya rUpa se rUpaka kAvyoM meM lakSita hotI hai| jaina sAhitya meM "madanaparAjaya" eka saphala rUpaka kAvya hai| vAstava meM bimba kA sambandha kAvyagata sandarbha aura rUpavidhAna donoM se hai| bimba ke mAdhyama se hI hamArI saMvedanA aindriya jJAna ko saMcetanA pradAna karatI hai| arthAlaMkAra ke sAdRzyamUlaka tathA virodhamUlaka donoM vargoM ko bimba kA nirmANa kSetra mAnA gayA hai| yadi hama alaMkAroM ke bAhya sAdRzya ko chor3akara prAbhyantara pravAhasAmya ko lakSa meM leM to vaha bimba racanA ke adhika nikaTa hogaa| levisa ne ThIka hI kahA hai - "kavi kA bimba-vidhAna nyUnAdhika rUpa meM eka aindriya zabdacitra hai| yaha eka sImA taka rUpAtmaka (sAdRzya vidhAyaka) hone ke sAtha sandarbhagata mAnavIya saMvega se vyApta hotA hai|" kintu pAThakoM ke lie vizeSa rUpa se bhAva yA Avega se saMyukta anubhUtigamya hotA hai / ataH alaMkAra (bimba-pratibimba bhAva) jaisA hone para bhI bimba usase bhinna hai| yathArtha meM prAcIna tathA navIna kaviyoM kI dRSTi meM bahuta bar3A antara hai / DA0 kedAranAtha siMha ke zabdoM meM - "aupamya-vidhAna ke kSetra meM bhI unakI dRSTi prAyaH bahirmukhI hI rhii| isa bahirmukhI pravRtti ke kAraNa usa kAla kI dRSTi vastuoM ke Abhyantara prabhAvasAmya kI ora na jA skii| isake viparIta svacchandatAvAdI kaviyoM kI dRSTi vastuoM ke bAhya AkAra se mur3akara prakRti aura mAnava ke sUkSma sambandhoM para Tika gyii| pariNAmataH prastuta vidhAna ke kSetra meM "mAnavIkaraNa" aura "anyokti paddhati" kA vikAsa huA / isa vikAsa ko hama madhyakAlIna alaMkAra-vidhAna se Adhunika bimba-vidhAna kA prathama aitihAsika antara mAna sakate haiN|" DA0 siMha kA ukta kathana hindI kI madhyakAlIna kavitA ke sambandha meM saca ho sakatA hai, kintu apabhraMza-kAvya ke sambandha meM yaha satya nahIM hai| yadyapi apabhraMza ke kAvyoM meM bhI zAstrIyatA (klaisikala) kA pAlana tathA sAmantayugIna pravRttiyoM kA spaSTa rUpa se citraNa kiyA gayA hai, kintu mahAkavi svayaMbhU, puSpadaMta, vIra, dhanapAla Adi kaviyoM ke kAvya meM saMskRta ke mahAkavi kAlidAsa kI bhAMti upamA, rUpaka, utprekSA Adi alaMkAroM ke saMyojana se Akalita UhA (phainsI) ke mAdhyama se bimba-vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| DA0 siMha kA yaha kathana upayukta hai ki upamA sabase adhika svataH sphUrta alaMkAra hai jisakA pratyakSa sambandha smRti aura upacetana se hotA hai| ataH bimba meM navInatA kA anveSaNa upamA kI vizleSaNAtmaka prakRti meM bhalI-bhAMti lakSita hotA hai| mahAkavi
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________________ janavidyA svayaMbhU "paumacariu" meM laMkA nagarI kA varNana karate hue kahate haiM - "usa parvata zikhara kI pITha para laMkA nagarI aisI zobhAyamAna thI jaise mahAn gaja kI pITha para naI dulahina hI saja-dhaja kara baiThI ho|" prathama bAra laMkA nagarI ko dekha kara sItAdevI ke upacetana mana meM jo bimba ubharA vaha kitanA sArthaka hai ki ranivAsa meM jisa taraha saja-dhaja kara naI dulahina baiThI ho, usI taraha bhalI-bhAMti zrRMgArita laMkA nagarI bhI zobhAyamAna ho rahI thii| donoM meM sahaja svAbhAvika sAmya hai| isI prakAra rAma kI nindA suna kara hanumAn dAvAgni ke samAna pradIpta ho uThate haiN| yahI nahIM, nandana vana ke vidhvaMsa ho jAne para ucchinna vRkSoM kI bhUmi usI prakAra avaziSTa rahatI hai, jisa prakAra nakaTI veshyaa| isa taraha ke anekoM bimba "paumacariu" meM bhare hue haiN| ___mahAkavi puSpadaMta bimboM ke viziSTa vidhAyaka haiN| bimboM kI mUla saMcetanA unake kAvyoM meM abhivyaMjita-parilakSita hotI hai| bimba kAvya kI jIvanta cetanA ke pratIka haiM / saMvedanA usakI prANazakti hai| isalie bimba ko saMvedanoM kA zabdAMkita citra mAnA gayA hai| yadi levisa bimba vidhAna ko kavitA ke jIvanta vikAsa kA avicchedya aMga mAnate haiM, to ricarDa sa bimba kA mahattva isalie mAnate haiM ki vaha saMvedanA kA hI prastuta avazeSa hotA hai| usameM kavi kI anubhUti kI sUkSmatA, sAndratA, tIvratA tathA vyApakatA ko vibhinna upamAnoM ke dvArA saMvedanazIla zabda-citra ke rUpa meM citrita kiyA jAtA hai| laMkA nagarI meM sItAdevI ko jo vastra pahanane ke lie diye gaye, unakA bimba prastuta karatA huA kavi varNana karatA hai - .....sUkSma, uttama, candramA kI bhA~ti zveta, rAmacandra kI kIrti kI bhAMti lambe, vipula aura zubhratara vasana-paridhAna sItAdevI ke lie diye gaye (mahApurANa 73, 28, 13-14) / mahAkavi ne apanI racanAoM meM aneka naye upamAnoM tathA bimboM kA prayoga kara apabhraMza sAhitya ko Adhunika kavitA ke tulya bahuta pahale hI gauravazAlI pada para pratiSThita kara diyA thaa| unake kucha upamAna haiM - parvata ke lie geMda, samudra ke lie gopada, pavitratA ke lie dharma, sampatti ke lie samatA, pAvasa ke lie rAjA, gaja ke lie megha, kAle mukha ke lie garbhiNI ke uroja, nandanavana ke lie lakSmI kA yauvana, lAla netroM ke lie gujAphala, zatru yoddhAoM ke lie tAr3avRkSa ke phala, senA ke lie naI kRpANa, bANoM ke samUha ke AvaraNa ke lie navavadhU, rAma ke lie nandanavana, mahAn ke lie sumeru parvata, zyAma ke lie bhramara, ujjvala ke lie vidyut, zyAmala ke lie nIlakamaladala, komala ke lie abhinava latA, guNa ke lie sopAna, saMsAra ke lie vana, lAla nakha ke lie padmarAgamaNi, dhavala ke lie candramA, svara ke lie DiDima, kAnti ke lie tuhinatAra-muktAphala, acala munivara ke lie sumeru parvata, atyanta ucca ke lie giri, teja ke lie divAkara, caMcala ke lie pAhata tRNa-jalakaNa, kuTila bhAva ke lie dAsI, nayana ke lie navanalina, hAtha ke lie airAvata kI sUDa, sArasa yugala ke lie kAntA ke stanarUpI kalazayugala, gaMgA kI taMraga ke lie trivali-taraMga, vikasita kamala ke lie kAntA kA mukhakamala, prAkAza ke lie prAMgaNa, gaura varNa ke lie campaka puSpa, ujjvala dAMtoM ke lie juhI ke puSpa, mujA ke
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________________ jainavidyA 23 lie kamala, rUpa ke lie vidyut, mukha ke lie raktakamala, toraNa ke lie indradhanuSa, kAle raMga ke lie nIlakaMTha-tamAla, zyAma varNa ke lie aMjana, AMsU ke lie prosa, kAminI ke lie latA, svaccha zarIra ke lie himakaNa kA hAra, nAyaka ke lie zuka, vasaMta ke lie siMha, hAra ke lie jala-kaNa, ramaNI ke lie bijalI, kara ke lie kamala, kIrti ke lie latA kusuma, vana ke lie azoka vRkSa, vimAna ke lie zivikA (pAlakI), zItalatA ke lie hima, kAnti ke lie himatAra, motI, candra Adi upamAnoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| mahAkavi kI kalpanA-zakti atyanta urvara hai| kalpanA ke camatkArapUrNa prayogoM se unhoMne bahuvidha utprekSAoM meM vastugata bhAvoM ko sparza karane kA saphala prayatna kiyA hai| isa prakAra varNanoM meM na to ukti vaicitrya aura na hI kliSTa kalpanAoM kA prAzraya liyA gayA hai, varan AlaMkArika zailI meM svAbhAvika citroM kI udbhAvanA meM apanI "navanavonmeSa" pratibhA kA sundara pradarzana kiyA gayA hai| mahAkavi kAlidAsa kI kalAtmaka svabhAvika citramayatA kI bhAMti kahIM-kahIM vyaMjanAtmaka sundara prayoga kiye haiN| prakRti kI raMgIna citrazAlA ko prakRti ke hI sundara bimba-vidhAnoM ke dvArA sAdRzya ke AdhAra para prastuta karane meM advitIya haiN| kintu kahIM-kahIM vastu tathA bhAva ko citramaya banAne ke lie "setubandha" kI bhAMti alaMkAroM kA kalAtmaka prayoga bhI kiyA gayA hai| udAharaNa ke lie samrATa bharata ne sindhu saritA kA avalokana isa prakAra kiyA - jaise vilAsa ko dhAraNa karane vAlI sundara vArAMganA ho, mada kA pradarzana karanevAlI mAno hasti-ghaTA ho, vibudhoM (devoM, paNDitoM) ke Azrita hote hue bhI jisane jar3a (mUrkha, jala) kA saMgraha kiyA hai, jo vana kI agni (dAvAgni) ke samAna hai, jisakI jar3atA (acetanatA, jala) ghula gaI hai vaha yuddha-vRtti (khaDga, matsya) se suzobhita hai / vRhaspati kI mati kI bhAMti jo tIvra buddhivAlA kuTila hai aura mAno nirvANa kI bhAMti mala vinAzaka hai| jo dhanuryaSTi ke samAna muktasara (mukta bANa, mukta tIra) hai aura jisameM vasudhA kI bhAMti aneka rAjahaMsa zobhA ko dhAraNa karate haiM / jo kamala kI bhA~ti koSa-lakSmI ko dhAraNa karatI hai, rAjA kI zakti kA anusaraNa karatI hai jo caMcala sArasarUpI payodharoM ko dhAraNa karanevAlI zukoM ke paMkhoM kI harita paMkti se hare-bhare haiM, krIr3A karate hue zveta baguloM se zobhAyamAna tathA khiratI huI kusumaparAga se pIle haiM mAno raMgIna zreSTha uttarIya dhAraNa kiyA ho athavA zrRMgAra ke kAraNa jo raMga-biraMgI haiN| gaja, azva evaM candana rasa se mizrita tathA mayUra ke paMkhoM ke samAna keza vAlI saritA rUpI nAyikA usI prakAra paraspara mila jAtI hai, jisa prakAra koI catura mugdhA anurakta nAgara jana se mila jAtI hai| sindhu-saritA ke paTa para rAjA ne DerA hI DAlA thA ki itane meM dinakara astAcalagAmI ho gayA / mAno pazcima dizA rUpI kAminI meM Asakta (anurakta) mitra (sUrya) hI phisala par3A ho (mahApurANa 13-7. 1-10) / isI prakAra bharata aura bAhubalI ko yuddha ke lie ucata dekhakara kahA gayA hai - mApa donoM dharatI rUpI mahilA ke bAhu-daNDa haiN| Apa donoM rAjya ke nyAya meM kuzala haiM, apane pitA ke pAda-padma rUpI kamaloM ke bhramara haiM, Apa donoM hI janatA ke netra haiM / isI prakAra kisI vilAsI nAyaka ke rUpa meM varNita vasanta kA varNana citramAlA ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai / dekhiye, kyA sundara citra hai -
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________________ janavidyA - jaga meM praveza karatA huA vasanta zobhAyamAna ho rahA hai| abhinava sahakAra (Amra) vRkSoM se mahakatA huA, madhuzAlA kI bhAMti madhu-dhArAoM meM pravAhita hotA huA, hemanta kI prabhutA ko nirjita karatA huA, apanI pahacAna ke saMketoM ko dasoM dizAoM meM bhejatA huA, navAMkuroM se bhAsamAna hotA huA, pallavoM se hilatA huA, vApikAoM ke jalarUpI cIra ko haTAtA huA, unake nIce zaivAloM ke kinAre dikhAtA huA, dinakara ke tIvra kiraNa-pratApa ko tathA dina kI dIrghatA ko prakaTa karatA huA, azoka ke pallavoM kI vRddhi karatA huA, duSTa phAguna se azoka vRkSa kI mukti kI siddhi ko prakAzita karatA huA, maulazrI kI sarvAMga zobhA ko vRddhiMgata karatA huA, vana-lakSmI ke prosarUpI AMsuoM ko poMchatA huA, tilaka vRkSoM ke pattoM ko tilaka kI zobhA detA huA, latArUpI kAminiyoM meM rasa utpanna karatA huA, priyoM ke kAmuka manoM ko Ahata karatA huA, kanera ke kusumaparAga ko dhUsarita karatA huA, mAniniyoM ke mAnarUpI parvatoM ko jarjara karatA huA, bhramaNazIla bhramarAvali se guna-guna karatA huA, uttamAMgoM se sahita vRkSoM para dina vyatIta karatA huA, mandAra-prasUnoM kI parAga se mahakatA huA evaM ramaNa kI abhilASA ke vilAsa ko utpanna karatA huA vasanta A pahuMcA (mahApurANa 70. 14. 1-11) / isa prakAra alaMkAra sAdRzya aura vibhinna upamAnoM ke sAhacarya se ramaNIya bhAvoM kI abhivyakti apabhraza ke mahAkaviyoM kI zailI vizeSa rahI hai| prakRti ke ina vibhinna upamAnoM kI saMyojanAoM ke dvArA bhAvoM kI abhivyaMjanA kI jAtI hai jo asaMlakSyakrama vyaMgya ke antargata nirUpita kI jAtI hai| yathArtha meM mahAkaviyoM kI sRSTi hI abhivyaMjanA kI hai| isameM prakRti kA prayoga kahIM mAnavIkaraNa ke rUpa meM hotA hai to kahIM rUpoM ko hI bhAvAtmaka banAne ke lie sahaja-svAbhAvika yA camatkArapUrNa saMvedanazIlatA parilakSita hotI hai| ___ kAvya meM prakRti kI prAcIna paramparA ke sandarbha meM DA0 raghuvaMza kA yaha kathana yathArtha hai- apabhraMza sAhitya meM saMskRta sAhitya ke Adarza kA pAlana to milatA hai, para eka sImA taka / isameM svacchanda pravRttiyoM kA samanvaya bhI huA hai| yaha bhAvanA janajIvana ke samparka ko lekara hai| jaina kaviyoM meM dhArmika cetanA adhika hai aura rAjyAzrita kaviyoM ke sAmane saMskRta tathA prAkRta ke Adarza adhika mahattvapUrNa haiN| isake uparAnta bhI apabhraza kA kavi jana-jIvana se adhika paricita hai aura apane sAhitya meM adhika unmakta vAtAvaraNa tathA svacchanda bhAvanA kA paricaya detA hai| hama dekheMge ki isI svacchanda bhAvanA ko hindI sAhitya ke madhya-yuga ne aura bhI unmukta rUpa se apanAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai|' 1. raghuvaMza : prakRti aura kAvya, dvitIya saMskaraNa, 1960, pR0 103 2. levisa, sI0De0 : da poyaTika imeja, pRSTha 17 3. levisa, sI0De 0 : da poyaTika imeja, jonAthana kepa peparabeka, laMdana pRSTha 22 4. siMha, DA. kedAranAtha : Adhunika hindI kavitA meM bimbavidhAna, jJAnapITha prakAzana, naI dillii| pRSTha 39 5. vahI, pRSTha 39 .... . 6. raghuvaMza : prakRti aura kAvya, dvitIya saMskaraNa, dillii| 1960, pRSTha 107 7. vahI, pRSTha 109 sI paSTha 109 .... . .
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________________ mahAkavi puSpadaMta aura unakA kAvya - DaoN. yogendranAtha zarmA 'aruNa' bhAratIya Arya bhASAoM ke vikAsakrama kA adhyayana karanevAle vidvAnoM ne saMskRta ke sAtha-sAtha jana-bhASA ke rUpa meM "prAkRta" ke astitva evaM pracalana ko svIkAra kiyA hai| IsA pUrva 500 se lekara 1000 IsavI taka prAkRta bhASAoM ko sAhitya racanA kA prAdhAra mAnA gayA hai| prAraMbha meM vidvAnoM ne spaSTa vibhAjaka binduoM ke abhAva meM yadyapi prathama, dvitIya evaM tRtIya prAkRta ke rUpa meM prAkRtoM kA vibhAjana kiyA, tathApi bAda meM inheM nizcita nAma de diye gaye aura prAkRtoM ko kramazaH pAli, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza kahA gyaa| prAkRta bhASAoM ke adhyetAoM ne kAlAntara meM IsavI san ke prAraMbha ke pazcAt prAkRta bhASA meM parivartana dekhanA prAraMbha kiyA aura 5vIM zatI se apabhraza sAhitya kA samAraMbha svIkAra kiyA / nizcita pramANoM ke abhAva meM apabhraMza bhASA kI racanAoM meM vidvAnoM ne mahAkavi svayaMbhUdeva kI mahAkAvya kRti "paumacariu" ko apabhraMza kI Adi racanA mAnA hai| yadyapi mahAkavi svayaMbhUdeva ne "caturmukha" jaise kaviyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai, kintu ina kaviyoM kI racanAeM adyAvadhi na mila pAne ke kAraNa svayaMbhUdeva ko hI "apabhraMza kA pAdikavi" svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| apabhraMza kI prabaMdha-kAvyadhArA meM mahAkavi svayaMbhUdeva ke pazcAt jisa mahAkavi ko sarvAdhika gaurava evaM prasiddhi milI hai ve haiM mahAkavi puSpadaMta / yazasvI mahAkavi puSpadaMta dvArA racita "mahApurANa" apabhraMza kI aisI viziSTa kRti hai jisameM jainadharma, jainadarzana, jaina-saMskRti, samAja evaM kalA kA sajIva citraNa to huA hI hai sAtha hI hindUdharma meM bahumAnya "rAma" evaM "kRSNa" kI kathAoM kA bhI vizada citraNa huA hai| mahAkavi
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________________ 26 janavidyA puSpadanta kI yaha kRti sAhitya kI bejor3a racanA ke rUpa meM bhI paravartI rAmakAvya evaM kRSNakAvya-dhArA ke kaviyoM ko vyApaka rUpa meM prabhAvita karatI rahI hai| mahAkavi puSpadaMta : sAmAnya paricaya itihAsa kA abhinna aMga bana jAnevAle aneka vizruta apabhraMza kavi aise haiM jinake vyaktitva kA Akalana zodhakartA vidvAn varSoM se karane kA prayAsa karate A rahe haiM, kintu antaHsAkSyoM ke abhAva meM tathA apUrNa bahiHsAkSyoM ke prakAza meM ina kaviyoM ke vyaktitva kA prAmANika Akalana nahIM ho sakA hai| aise kaviyoM meM svayaMbhUdeva ke pazcAt pramukha haiM mahAkavi puSpadaMta / "mahApurANakAra" mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne yatra-tatra jo ullekha kiye haiM unase jo sUtra hAtha laga sake haiM unase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki kavi puSpadaMta mUlata: "kAzyapa gotrIya" brAhmaNa the aura zaiva-matAvalambI raheM aura bAda meM jainadharma kI dIkSA grahaNa kii| kavi ke pitA kA nAma kezavabhaTTa tathA mAtA kA nAma mugdhA devI milatA hai| raNAyakumAracariu (1.2) kI prazasti meM kavi puSpadaMta ne apane janmadAtA mAtA-pitA kI kalyANa-kAmanA kI hai| puSpadaMta ke nAma se eka "zivamahimnaHstotra" milatA hai, jise kavi kI zaizavAvasthA evaM jainadharma meM dIkSita hone se pUrva kI racanA honA svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| isa "stotra" meM zaivamata ko mAnanevAle kisI "bhairava narendra" nAmaka rAjA kI prazaMsA hai| jaina-sAhitya ke prasiddha vidvAn zrI nAthUrAma premI ne "zivamahimnaHstotra" ke racanAkAra puSpadaMta evaM "mahApurANa" ke racayitA puSpadaMta ko bhinna mAnA hai| AcAryapravara DaoN0 hajArIprasAda dvivedI ne apanI pustaka "hindI kA AdikAla" meM hindI ke "puSpabhATa" kavi ko hI "mahApurANakAra" puSpadaMta kahA hai, lekina yaha asaMgata hI hai ki puSpabhATa mAtra dohAkAra thA aura usakA samaya puSpadaMta se bahuta bAda kA hai, ataH prAcArya dvivedI kA kathana nirmUla siddha hotA hai| kavi ne kahIM bhI apane janma tathA sthAna ke viSaya meM koI sUcanA nahIM dI, ataH anya srotoM se jAnakArI lI gaI hai| premIjI puSpadaMta ko mUlata: "dakSiNa" kA nahIM mAnate jisakA AdhAra ve kavi kI bhASA svIkAra karate haiM - "puSpadaMta mUla meM kahA~ ke rahane vAle the, unakI racanAoM meM isa bAta kA koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| parantu unakI bhASA batalAtI hai ki ve karnATaka yA usase aura dakSiNa ke dravir3a prAntoM ke to nahIM the| kyoMki eka to unakI sArI racanAoM meM kannar3I aura dravir3a bhASAoM ke zabdoM kA abhAva hai, dUsare aba taka apabhraMza bhASA kA aisA eka bhI graMtha nahIM milA hai jo karnATaka yA usake nIce ke kisI pradeza kA banA huA ho| apabhraMza sAhitya kI racanA prAyaH gujarAta, mAlavA, barAra aura uttara bhArata meM hI hotI rahI hai| ataeva adhika saMbhava yahI hai ki ve isI ora ke hoN|" philahAla, premIjI ke mata ko antima nahIM kahA jA sktaa| DaoN. devendrakumAra jaina kA kathana hai - "mujhe usameM (barAra kA nivAsI mAnane meM ) koI Apatti nahIM hai, parantu isake lie abhI aura Thosa pramANa kI jarUrata hai| kyoMki apabhraMza vyApaka kAvyabhASA thI, ataH kisI bhI prAnta kA vyakti usameM racanA kara sakatA thaa|"3 DaoN0 vaidya ne
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________________ jainavidyA "mahApurANa" meM "boDDa tathA DoDDa" jaise kucha kannar3a zabda khojakara puSpadaMta ko karnATaka kA kahA hai, lekina abhI taka bhI koI bAta pramANapuSTa nahIM hai / 27 mahAkavi puSpadaMta bhI svayaMbhUdeva kI hI bhA~ti rASTrakUTa rAjya ke zrAzrayaprApta kavi rahe haiM / " mahApurANa" ke aneka ullekhoM se yaha siddha hai ki puSpadaMta rASTrakUTa rAjA kRSNarAja tRtIya ke samakAlIna rahe haiM aura inhIM ke amAtya bharata ke prazraya 'rahakara puSpadaMta ne " mahApurANa" kI racanA kI thI / kavi kI anya do kRtiyA~ " gAyakumAra cariu" tathA "jasaharacariu" prazrayadAtA zramAtya bharata ke suputra " nanna" ( gaNa ) ke Azraya meM likhI gaIM / * " mahApurANa" meM kavi puSpadaMta ne apane pUrvavartI kaviyoM meM caturmukha, svayaMbhUdeva, zrIharSa, bANabhaTTa, IzAna, droNa, dhavala evaM rudraTa Adi kA ullekha kiyA hai / ( draSTavya - mahApurANa, 1.9, 38.5 ) isa AdhAra para puSpadaMta kA samaya rudraTa ke samaya 800-850 IsavI se bAda kA hI honA cAhiye / "mahApurANa" ke sAkSya para kavi puSpadaMta ke svabhAva tathA anya vizeSatAoM ko rekhAMkita kiyA jA sakatA hai / ullekha hai ki kavi kA eka nAma " khaNDa" yA "khaMDu" bhI thA - " jo vihiraNA gimmau kavvapi taM rigasuNe vi so saMcaliu khaMDa / "5 afa ko mile hue viruda " abhimAnameru" ( mahApurANa 1.3) "abhimAnacihna", "kAvyaratnAkara", "kavikulatilaka" ( mahApurANa 1.8 ), "sarasvatInilaya " ( jasaharacariu, 1.8 ) tathA " kavvapisalla" Adi nizcaya hI kavi puSpadaMta kI kAvyapratibhA evaM lokapriyatA kI vyApaka svIkRti ke pramANa haiM / niHsandeha, mahAkavi puSpadaMta svAbhimAnI, ugra evaM ekAntapriya rahe hoMge, yahI " abhimAnameru" se vyaMjita hotA hai / puSpadaMta "sarasvatInilaya" aura "sarasvatIvilAsI " ke rUpa meM yugoM taka yAda kiye jAte raheMge / svAbhimAna chor3akara jhukanA unakI prakRti ke viruddha thA / "mahApurANa" ke eka prasaMga meM kavi ke zabda haiM - "taM surivi bharaNai mahimAraNa meru, vara khajjai girikaMdari kaseru | u dujjaraNa bhau~hAvaM kiyAI, dIsaMtu kalusa bhAvaM kiyAI // vara garavaru dhavalacchi hohu ma kucchihe bharau so gimhaNiggame / khala kucchiya pahuvayaraNaI bhiuDiyaraNayaragaI ma gihAlau sUruggane / / " 8 arthAt - " girikandarAoM meM ghAsa khAkara rahanA acchA, lekina durjanoM kI Ter3hI bhauMha dekhanA acchA nahIM / mA~ kI kokha se paidA hote hI mauta acchI, kintu kisI rAjA kI Ter3hI nigAha dekhanA aura durvacana sahanA acchA nahIM / " isa uddharaNa se kavi kA svAbhimAnI svabhAva spaSTa ho jAtA hai / mahAkavi puSpadaMta kI kAvyakalA apabhraMza ke "abhimAnameru " mahAkavi puSpadaMta kI tIna pramukha racanAe~ Aja upalabdha haiM jinase unakI kAvyakalA kA samyak vivecana sambhava hai / unakI mahanIya kRti
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________________ 28 janavidyA hai- "mahApurANa"' jisake. do bhAga haiM - "AdipurANa" evaM "uttarapurANa" / vastutaH mahAkavi kI isa viziSTa purANa kRti kA nAma - "tisaTThi mahApurisa guNAlaMkAra" hai aura isameM jaina-paramparAnusAra "triSaSTi zalAkA puruSoM" arthAt 24 tIrthaMkaroM, 12 cakravatiyoM, 9 vAsudevoM, 9 baladevoM tathA 9 prativAsudevoM kI kathA kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| DaoN0 rAmasiMha tomara kA kathana hai - "digambara jaina sampradAya meM mahApurANoM kA sthAna bahuta U~cA hai|" isa dRSTi se kahA jA sakatA hai ki puSpadaMta praNIta "mahApurANa" jaina matAvalambiyoM ke lie vizeSa mahattvapUrNa rahA hai| "mahApurANa" ke prathama bhAga "prAdipurANa" meM Adi tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva tathA prathama cakravartI bharata kI kathA 37 saMdhiyoM meM nibaddha hai, jabaki dUsare bhAga "uttarapurANa" meM zeSa tIrthaMkaroM tathA unake sAtha-sAtha anya mahApuruSoM kI kathAe~ haiN| "uttarapurANa" ke antargata hI rAmakathA "padmapurANa" evaM kRSNakathA "harivaMzapurANa" sammilita haiN| kula milAkara "prAdipurANa" meM 80 tathA "uttarapurANa" meM 42 saMdhiyA~ haiM jinakA zloka-parimAraNa lagabhaga bIsa hajAra hai / svayaM mahAkavi puSpadanta ne ise mahAkAvya ghoSita kiyA hai / udAharaNa ke lie saMdhiyoM ke anta kI eka puSpikA dekhI jA sakatI hai - "iya mahApurANe tisdvimhaapurisgunnaalNkaare| mahAkai pupphayaMta viraie mahAbhavvabharahANumampie mahAkAvye // " / paurANikatA pradhAna isa mahAkAvya meM yadyapi kathA kI zRMkhalAbaddhatA nahIM mila pAtI, tathApi jIvana ke prAyaH pratyeka pakSa kI pUrNa evaM sajIva abhivyakti kavi ne prasaMgAnukUla avazya kI hai / vastu-varNana, saundarya-citraNa, prakRti-citraNa Adi ke prasaMgoM meM kavi jahA~ kalpanAzIla hokara bhAvuka citra aMkita karatA hai, vahIM bhakti aura darzana ke prasaMgoM meM usakA gambhIra cintana-pakSa ujAgara ho uThatA hai| isa prasaMga meM do uddharaNa maiM denA cAhU~gA, eka meM kAvyatva hai, to dUsare meM gambhIra darzane - "mahi mayaNAhiraiyarehA iva bahutaraMga jarahaya dehA iva / " arthAt yamunA pRthvI para mRganAbhi-kastUrI-rekha ke samAna hai aura usameM uThatI taraMgeM vRddhAvasthA kI jhurriyoM ke samAna haiN| " "viyalai jovvaNu NaM karayalajalu, riNavaDai mANusu NaM pikkau phlu|"10 arthAt aMjali ke jala kI bhA~ti yauvana vigalita hotA hai aura manuSya pake hue phala kI taraha nipatita hotA hai| - ... mahAkavi puSpadanta kAvya kA lakSya mUlataH "prAtmatoSa" mAnate haiM, dhanaprApti kadApi unakA lakSya nahIM rhaa| yaha tathya svayaM kavi ne prastuta kiyA hai jaba vaha AzrayadAtA bharata se kahatA hai - "majha kaittaNu jiraNapada bhastihi, patarai eu Niya jIviyavistihi / "11 arthAt merA kAvyatva jinapada-bhakti ke lie hai, dhana kI prApti ke lie nhiiN|
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________________ janavidyA 29 arora kI dRSTi se mahAkavi puSpadanta kA mahattva niHsaMdeha apabhraMza-prabaMdhakAvyadhArA ke kaviyoM meM mahAkavi svayambhUdeva se kadApi kama nahIM hai, yadyapi " mahApurANa" meM kathA kI sUtrabaddhatA evaM kAvyotkarSa adhika nahIM A sakatA / isa saMdarbha meM DaoN0 devendrakumAra jaina kA kathana ullekhanIya hai - " yathArtha meM purANa- kAvya kI zailI meM kathA ke vikAsa kA utanA mahatva nahIM hotA, jitanA ki purANa kahane kA / kavi kA kAma kAvya ko puTa dekara use saMvedanIya banAnA hai / ataH kathA adhika gatizIla nahIM ho pAtI / " 12 kAvya-kalA kI dRSTi se mahAkAvyocita zailI evaM rUr3hiyoM kA saTIka prayoga puSpadanta ne kiyA hai / " mahApurANa" meM do prakAra kI rUr3hiyoM kA prayoga hama pAte haiM - (1) kAvyaviSayaka rUr3hiyA~ tathA (2) paurANika athavA dharmaviSayaka rUr3hiyA~ / prayoga " mahApurANa" meM hai, yathA - " maMgalAcaraNa", kA prakAzana", "sajjana-stuti" evaM "durjana- nindA ", kathA kahane kI " zrotA - vaktA zailI" Adi / kAvyagata rUr3hiyoM meM prAyaH saMskRta prabaMdha kAvyoM meM prayukta sabhI pramukha rUr3hiyoM kA "graMtha racanA kA lakSya", "Atma - laghutA " stuti - gAna", "Atma-paricaya" evaM dUsarI ora paurANika rUr3hiyoM ko bhI mahAkavi ne vizeSa rUpa se sthAna diyA hai / inameM mukhya ye haiM - sRSTi-varNana, dharma-nirUpaNa evaM pratipAdana, dArzanika khaNDana - maNDana, lokavibhAga, alaukika varNanoM kI yojanA, pUrvabhavoM kA varNana evaM svapna - darzana Adi / smaraNIya hai ki purANakAra ke lie ina kAvya - rUr3hiyoM kA prayoga zAstrIya dRSTi se karanA anivArya mAnA gayA hai / eka udAharaNa yahA~ paryApta hogA jisameM "zrAtma- laghutA kA prakAzana " darzanIya hai - "u hauM homi, vikkhaNu raga mugami lakkhaNa chantu vesi ga viyArAmi / jai viraiya jaya vaMdehi prAsi muriMgadahi sA kaha kema samAraNami / / " 13 isa sandarbha meM ullekhya hai ki "abhimAnameru" viruda dhAraNa karanevAlA mahAkavi puSpadanta svayaM ko kAvyatva se sarvathA hIna kahatA hai / apabhraMza kaviyoM meM yaha paripATI viziSTa kahI jA sakatI hai / svayambhUdeva kahate haiM - " bahuyaraNa sayaMbhu paI vigavaDa, mahaM sarisau praSNu nahIM kukai / "14 mahAkavi puSpadanta jainamata meM dIkSita hokara "jinabhakti" meM hI jIvana kI sArvabhauma sArthakatA mAnate haiM, tathApi unakA dRSTikoNa vyApaka evaM udAra rahA hai / unakI dhArmika * sahiSNutA evaM samanvayavAdI udAra dRSTi kA paricaya hameM taba milatA hai jaba " mahApurANa " meM ve sabhI devatAoM kI zraddhAbhAva se abhyarthanA karate haiM -
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________________ 30 jainavidyA "jaya saMkara saMkara vihiya saMti jaya sasahara kuvalaya viSNa kaMti / jaya jaya gaNesa gaNavai jaNera naya vaMbha prasAhiya vaMbha cera // veyaMga vAi jaya kamala joNi AI varAha uddhariya khoNi / jaya mAhava tihuvaraNa mAhavesa mahasUyaNa dUsiya mahu visesa // "16 "mahApurANa" meM anuzrutiyAM aura avAntara kathAe~ kavi isa prakAra pirotA calatA hai ki kAvyagata utkarSa evaM prabhAva meM svataH abhivRddhi ho jAtI hai / rasAtmakatA kI dRSTi se mahAkavi puSpadaMta yoM to navarasa-paripAka meM nipuNa haiM, phira bhI saMyoga zRMgAra meM ve mahAkavi svayaMbhU se bhI Upara haiN| yahA~ ullekhanIya hai ki mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne "bhakti" ko rasa kI koTi meM svIkAra kiyA hai / karuNa, vIra, raudra, vIbhatsa Adi rasoM kA sundara paripAka "mahApurANa" meM hameM milatA hai| jahA~ taka alaMkAravidhAna kA prazna hai, mahAkavi puSpadaMta kA kAvya samRddha hai / DaoN. devendrakumAra jaina kA mata hai - "svayaMbhU kI apekSA puSpadaMta meM zliSTa upamA kI pravRtti adhika hai / "16 mahAkavi svayaMbhU kI taraha puSpadaMta bhI "jinapUjA" ke prasaMga meM upamAe~ dete haiM - "hatyihaDA iva. ghaMTA muhala vara naravaIsevA iva sahala / vetA iva darasiya bappaNIya.............. ||"(mhaapuraann) utprekSA-alaMkAra mahAkavi puSpadaMta ko bhI svayaMbhUdeva kI bhA~ti priya hai aura ve utprekSAoM kI jhar3I lagA dete haiN| rAma-sItA vivAha-prasaMga meM kavi kI utprekSAe~ darzanIya haiM - "vaidehi dhariya kari halahareNa NaM vijjalu dhavale jalahareNa / NaM tihuhaNa sirI parampaela NaM gAyavitti pAlie-paeNa // "17 __ ananvaya, udAharaNa, nidarzanA, rUpaka, ullekha, vyatireka, virodhAbhAsa Adi pramukha alaMkAroM kA yathAsthAna manohArI prayoga puSpadaMta ne kiyA hai| yahA~ virodhAbhAsa kA eka anupama udAharaNa draSTavya hai - "suvatayA avatayA rasaMkiyA vsujjhyaa| sarUvayA arUvayA sugaMdhayA agNdhyaa| sakAraNA akAraNA sasaMbhayA asNbhyaa|"18 "mahApurANa" kI prAraMbhika stutiparaka saMdhiyoM se yamaka tathA zleSa alaMkAra ke udAharaNa pracura mAtrA meM dekhe jA sakate haiN| niHsandeha, alaMkAravidhAna kI dRSTi se mahAkavi puSpadaMta variSTha kavi siddha hote haiM /
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________________ jainavidyA 31. prakRti-citraNa bhI kAvyakalA ke utkarSa kI kasauTI rahI hai ataH isa kasauTI para bhI mahAkavi puSpadaMta ko parakha lenA samIcIna hogaa| apabhraMza ke prabaMdhakAvyoM meM prakRti ko vizada rUpa meM citrita karane kA avakAza yadyapi bahuta kama rahA hai, phira bhI naye-naye upamAnoM ke mAdhyama se kaviyoM ne nagara, upavana, vana, pAvasa, zarada, basanta, grISmAdi RtuoM Adi ke jo citraNa kiye haiM, ve prakRti ke prati unake lagAba ko vyaMjita karAte haiM / mahAkavi puSpadaMta dvArA udyAna-zobhA kA jo manorama citraNa kiyA gayA hai, vaha yahA~ ullekhanIya hai - "vAyaM dolaNa lIlA sAro taruNAhAe hallaI mo ro| sohai gholie picha sahAso NaM varaNa lacchi camara vilAso // diNNaM haMseNaM haMsie caMcu cuMbatIe / phullAmoya vaseraNa bhaggo keyai kAmiraNIyAu laggo // "19 "mahApurANa" meM puSpadaMta jaba candrodaya kA varNana karate haiM, to utprekSA kI chaTA se jaise dRzya sAkAra ho uThatA hai - "tA uiu caMdu suhai, disAi, siri kalasu va paisAriu risaaii| raNaM pomA karathala lhasiu vomu, raNaM tihuyaNa siri lAvaNNa dhaamu|| NaM amaya vidaMsaMdoha ruMdu, jasa vellihi kerau nAI kaMdu / mANiya tArAsaya vatta phaMsu, NaM gahasiri suttara rAmahaMsu // "20 uddIpana rUpa meM "basantaRtu" kA citraNa (mahApurANa) vizeSa darzanIya hai, jo sAtha hI prakRti-citraNa ke mAdhyama se AdhyAtmika saMketa karane kI viziSTa kalA puSpadaMta ko isa kSetra meM advitIya banA detI hai| ___mahAkavi puSpadaMta kI anya kRtiyA~ haiM - "NAyakumAracariu" evaM "jasaharacariu", jo kramaza: 9 saMdhiyoM tathA 4 saMdhiyoM meM samApta honevAlI khaNDakAvya kRtiyAM haiN| yadyapi "NAyakumAra-cariu" meM kAvyAtmakatA pracura hai aura bhASA, chanda evaM alaMkAra kA suSThu prayoga huA hai tathApi isa "romANTika kAvya" kI zailI "mahApurANa" jaisI praur3ha nahIM hai| yahI sthiti "jasaharacariu kI bhI hai| DaoN0 rAmasiMha tomara kA mata hai - "yazodhara-caritra meM kAvyAtmakatA bahuta hI kama hai| jahA~-tahA~ nagarAdi ke varNanoM meM thor3I bahuta sajIvatA milatI hai|"31 uparyukta saMkSipta vivecana ke AdhAra para maiM niHsaMdeha kaha sakatA hU~ ki "sarasvatInilaya" evaM "abhimAna-meru" ke viruda se abhimaNDita mahAkavi puSpadaMta apabhraMza-kAvyAkAza ke dIptimAna candramA haiM aura mahAkavi svayaMbhUdeva sUrya bana kara damaka rahe haiN| puSpadaMta kI kAvyakalA kA zodhaparaka mUlyAMkana Aja kI vizeSa apekSA maiM mAnatA huuN| 1. nAthUrAma premI : jaina sAhitya kA itihAsa, pRSTha-226 (dvitIya saMskaraNa, 1956)
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________________ 32 jainavidyA 2. vahI, pRSTha 227 3. DaoN0 devendrakumAra jaina : apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, pRSTha 68 (pra.saM. 1965), 4. " gAyakumAracariu" kI saMdhiyoM kI puSpikAoM meM " gaNNa gAmaMkie" tathA "jasahara cariu " kI puSpikAoM meM " gaNNa karaNAharaNa " milatA hai / 5. mahApurANa 1.6 6. mahApurANa, utthAnikA bhAga 7. " mahApurANa" tIna khaNDoM meM DaoN. pI. ela. vaidya dvArA sampAdita bambaI se prakAzita / 8. DaoN0 rAmasiMha tomara : prAkRta apabhraMza sAhitya, pR. 104 (pra. saM. 1963 ) 9. mahApurANa, 5.2 10. mahApurANa, 7.1 11. mahApurANa, 2.6 12. DaoN. devendrakumAra jaina : apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, pR. 96 13. mahApurANa, 1.9 14. svayaMbhUdeva : paumacariu ( vidyAdhara kANDa), 1.3.1 15. mahApurANa, prathama saMdhi ( stuti aMza ) 16. DaoN0 devendrakumAra jaina : apabhraMza bhASA aura sAhitya, pR. 222 17. mahApurANa, 2.39 18. mahApurANa, 2.41 19. puSpadaMta: jasaharacariu, 11 20. mahApurANa, 1.68 21. DaoN. rAmasiMha tomara : prAkRta apabhraMza sAhitya, pR. 111
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________________ puSpadaMta kI bhASA - DaoN0 kailAzacandra bhATiyA uttarakAlIna apabhraza kA jo rUpa puSpadaMta ke kAvya meM dRSTigata hotA hai usake samyak vivecana se yaha tathya spaSTataH sAmane AtA hai ki Adhunika Arya bhASAoM ke prAraMbhika rUpa kA vikAsa jisa bhASA-rUpa se huA usase vaha kitanA nikaTa hai| isa dRSTi se apabhraMza-dhArA meM puSpadaMta kA sthAna advitIya hai / puSpadaMta ne apane mahApurANa meM saMskRta aura prAkRta ke sAtha-sAtha apabhraMza kA bhI spaSTa ullekha kiyA hai - sakkau pAyau avahaMsau vitau uppAu sapasaMsau / saMskRta prAkRta apabhraMza mahApurANa 5.18.6 apabhraza kA hindI se kyA saMbaMdha ? isa prazna para vicAra prakaTa karate hue mahApaNDita rAhulajI ne "hindI kAvyadhArA" kI bhUmikA meM likhA hai - "isa bhASA ko apabhraMza kahate haiM, zAyada isase Apa samajhane lage hoMge ki taba to yaha hindI se jarUra alaga bhASA hogii| lekina nAma para na jAiye, isakA dUsarA nAma "desI" bhASA bhI hai| apabhraMza ise isalie kahate haiM ki isameM saMskRta zabdoM ke rUpa bhraSTa nahIM, apabhraSTa - bahuta hI bhraSTa haiM isalie saMskRta paMDitoM ko ye jAti-bhraSTa zabda bure lagate hoNge| lekina zabdoM kA rUpa badalate-badalate nayA rUpa lenA-apabhraSTa honA - dUSaNa nahIM bhUSaNa hai, isase zabdoM ke uccAraNa meM hI nahIM artha meM bhI adhika komalatA, adhika mArmikatA AtI hai| "mAtA" saMskRta zabda hai, usake "mAtu","mAI" aura "mAvo" taka pahuMca jAnA adhika madhura banane ke
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________________ 34 jainavidyA lie hai / kheda hai yahA~ bhI kitane hI nIma-hakImoM ne zuddha saMskRta "mAtA" ko hI nahIM liyA balki usameM "jI"lagAkara "mAtAjI" banA usake aitihAsika mAdhurya ko hI naSTa kara DAlA / astu, yaha nizcita hai ki apabhraMza honA dUSaNa nahIM bhUSaNa thaa|" prAraMbhika hindI ke isa Adi rUpa uttarakAlIna apabhraMza kA pratinidhitva karanevAle mahAkavi puSpadaMta krAntadarzI the jinake dvArA eka ora bANa kI zleSa zailI (jisameM padayojanA, alaMkArAdi prAcIna paripATI para haiM) to dUsarI ora bhASA kA apekSAkRta calatA huA janasAdhAraNa meM pracalita rUpa apanAyA gyaa| DaoN0 harivaMza kochar3a ne puSpadaMta ko apabhraMza-sAhitya kA sarvazreSTha kavi mAnate hue likhA hai - "puSpadaMta ko apabhraMza-sAhitya kA sarvazreSTha kavi kahA jAya to koI atyukti na hogii| puSpadaMta kI pratibhA kA mUlya isI bAta se prAMkA jA sakatA hai ki inako apane mahApurANa meM eka hI viSaya svapna-darzana ko caubIsa bAra aMkita karanA pdd'aa|" apanI vinamratA meM puSpadaMta ne yahAM taka kaha diyA ki"gau hau~ homi viyakkhaNu Na muNami lakkhaNu chaMdu desi Na viyaami|" __ mahApurANa 1.8.10 na to maiM chandazAstra ke niyamoM ko bhalIbhA~ti jAnatA hU~ aura na maiM isa vilakSaNa desI bhASA kA jAnakAra huuN| vidvAnoM ne apabhraMza ke aneka bheda kiye haiN| DaoN0 tagAre ne "apabhraza kA aitihAsika dhyAkaraNa" zIrSaka prabandha meM tIna bheda svIkAra kiye haiM - 1. dakSiNI apabhraMza 2. pazcimI apabhraMza 3. pUrvI apabhraMza dakSiNI apabhraMza ke antargata puSpadaMta tathA kanakAmara kI kRtiyA~ sammilita hotI haiN| puSpadaMta ne isI apabhraMza meM apane grathoM kI racanA kI para hastalikhita graMthoM kI pratilipi gujarAta meM hone ke kAraNa pazcimI apabhraMza kI jhalaka usameM yatra-tatra samAhita ho gaI hai / puSpadaMta kI kRtiyoM kA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai - samaya sthAna vartamAna sthiti 1. mahApurANa 965 I0 mAnyakheTa mAlakhaMDa (niz2Ama rAjya, Andhrapradeza) 2. jasaharacariu 965-972 , 3. NAyakumAracariu , , . sabhI natha dakSiNa meM likhe hone ke kAraNa dakSiNI apabhraMza se saMbaMdhita rahe / hastalikhita pratiyA~ rAjasthAna ke nAgaura, bUMdI, kAmA, byAvara, zrImahAvIrajI, jayapura ke jaina bhaNDAroM meM milatI haiN|
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________________ jainavidyA 35 bhava bhauM bhASA-saMbaMdhI vizeSatAeM 1. dhvani parivartana saMbaMdhI vizeSatAeM dhvani parivartana saMbaMdhI vizeSatAeM sAmAnyataH apabhraMza kI haiM jisake Adi rUpoM ke darzana hamako "pAli" kAla se hone lagate haiM, phira bhI puSpadaMta kA mahattva isa dRSTi se vizeSa hai ki isa kAla taka Ate-Ate rUpoM meM sthiratA A cukI thii| 1.1 svara-saMbaMdhI a, A, i, I, u, U, e, o Adi svara sAmAnyataH prApta hote haiM / 'ai' tathA 'au' ke sthAna para kramazaH 'aI' tathA 'au' isa kAla meM milate haiM - ai - ai bhairava - - bhairava vizramai visamai bhavai au- au bhauM bhauMhA bhauMhA aukhalihiM - auhalampi, ukkhalu rUpa bhI ___ milatA hai| svaroM meM prAyaH "R" kA lopa ho gayA hai, adhikAMzataH isake sthAna para "I" maura kahIM-kahIM "a", "u" Adi svara bhI vikasita ho gaye haiM - - R - i hRdaya : - hiyaya ghRtapUra ghiyapUra R - a zrRMkhalA saMkhalA tRSNa ____ R - u Rtu - uDu dhRSTa - dhucha kahIM-kahIM "R" ke sthAna para "ri" bhI vikasita huA hai - RkSa - rikkha svaroM meM samIkaraNa tathA viSamIkaraNa kI pravRtti pAyI jAtI hai - viSamIkaraNa puruSa - purisa 1.2 vyaMjana-saMbaMdhI 1.2.1 za, Sa ke sthAna para sa zazi sasi zIrSa sIsu viduSa viusa R - a taha
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________________ 36 jainavidyA abhiSeka viSa veSa . abhiseya visa - vesa dizi disi vizeSa visesa 1.2.2 "ra" ke sthAna para "la" "ra" aura "la" kA paraspara viparyaya to vaidika kAla se hI calA A rahA hai - nihArI - NihAlau bhramara dAridra - dAlidu bhamalu 1.2.3 ghoSIkaraNa kI pravRtti jUTa - jUDa 1.2.4 "pa" ke sthAna para "va" isa pravRtti kI aora hemacandra ne bhI paryApta dhyAna diyA hai| paizAcI kI vizeSatAe~ batAte hue zAligrAma upAdhyAya likhate haiM, "isa bhASA meM "pa" kA yA to lopa ho jAtA hai yA svara se pare asaMyukta rahane para "va" ho jAyA karatA hai / ataH paIva (pradIpa), pAvaM (pApaM), uvamA (upamA), kalAvo (kalApaH), kavAlaM (kapAlam), mahivAla (mahIpAla), kavilaM (kapilaM) Adi rUpa milate haiN|" caMDa ne bhI apane prAkRta lakSaNa meM upamAna ke lie "piva" iva, viva, viya, vva, va tathA vat kA prayoga svIkAra kiyA hai / puSpadaMta ke kAvya ' meM isa pravRtti ke darzana hote haiM - gopI - govI - govi ko'pi - kovi (koI bhI milatA hai) 1.2.5 mUrdhanyIkaraNa kI pravRtti NakAra bahulA isa bhASA meM mUrdhanya dhvaniyoM kA prAdhikya honA svAbhAvika hI hai| isa pravRtti ke kAraNa bahuta se vyakti to ina apabhrazoM ko "gAu gAu" bhASA kahakara pukArate haiM / NakAra kA bAhulya Aja bhI eka ora hindI kI bAMgar3a, meraThI Adi boliyoM meM dUsarI ora Adhunika Arya bhASAoM - ur3iyA, marAThI Adi meM parilakSita hotA hai| 1.2.5.1 "raNa" ke sthAna para "raNa" milatA hI hai para "na" ke sthAna para bhI "raNa" bhuvana - bhuvaNa puni - puNi - puNu
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________________ jainavidyA prAdya nava sabhI sthitiyoM meM yaha pravRtti hai - nandana NaMdaNa nIrasu pIrasu raNava madhya mahAnubhAva mahAraNabhAva jinanAtha jiNaNAtha antya dhana dharaNa dIna dINu 1.2.6 vyaMjana-lopa prAkRtoM se hI vyaMjana-lopa kI pravRtti bar3ha gaI thI jisameM apabhraMza kAla taka Ate-Ate sthiratA A gii| madhya tathA antya vyaMjana ke lopa kI pravRtti vizeSa dRSTigata hotI hai - 1.2.6.1 madhya vyaMjana-lopa jogini joiNi .. goulu jamunA jauraNA atizaya aisai 1.2.6.2 vyaMjana-lopa ke bAda ya-zruti kA prAgama . .. 1.2.6.2.1 - : madhya sthiti nagara ragayara mAkaMda mAyaMda vacana vayaNa nAgara gAyara divAkara - divAyara antya - zoya ghAta ghAya (Aja bhI ghAva rUpa bhI calatA hai|) abhiSeka ahiseya 1.2.7 "ya" ke sthAna para "ja" gokula zoka BEEEEEEEEEEEEE juyala yugala yazoda jasoya 1.2.8 'ja" ke sthAna para "ya" nija- nija-- - riNaya jaNU yaNa
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________________ 38 janavidyA 1.2.9 mahAprANa dhvaniyoM meM se kevala mahAprANatva kA raha jAnA kha - ha mukha sammukha saMmuha dIrgha gha dha - - ha ha dIhara, dIha mahu payohara madhu payodhara dadhi avadhIriya dahi avaheriya bha - ha prabhu paha abhimAna zobhita vicchobha ahimANa sohiya vicchoha 1.2.10 vyaMjana-guccha tathA vyaMjana-saMyoga 1.2.10.1 dvitva kI pravRtti dvitva kI yaha pravRtti pAli kAla se hI prAraMbha ho gaI thii| do bhinna dhvaniyoM ke sthAna para dvitva ubbaddha ratti - udbaddha rakti zatru bhakti sattu bhatti repha ke sAtha dhvani ke sthAna para dvitva durgama - duggama nirjana NijjaNa cakravAla - cakkavAla 1.2.10.2 do bhinna dhvaniyoM ke sthAna para tIsarI dhvani stena theraNa (noTa-sAmAnyata: sta ke sthAna para "ttha" bhI milatA hai, jaise - hasta - hattha, hasti - hatthi, prazasta - pasatthu) kha ska skaMdha - ETET
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________________ jaina vidyA 1.2.10.3 do bhinna dhvaniyoM ke sthAna para eka dhvani bhamaMtu bIsamai piya bhramaMtu vizrAma priya 1.2.10.4 eka guccha ke sthAna para sarvathA dUsarA guccha snAna kRSNa sna zhaa 4 lk 8 | ph1 lh shraakaa nya jJa tsa rbha bhya } kSa Nha NNa } TTha ccha ccha kha bbha ppha 1.2.10.5 svarAgama yA svara-bhakti ke kAraNa guccha TUTa jAte haiM zrI - siri ( zira kA bhI rUpa siri hI milatA hai ) kkha zUnya niHsneha ajJAne 2. anya vizeSatAe~ 2.1 ukAra bahulA pravRtti ghRSTa goSTha 1.2.10.6 eka dhvani ke sthAna para kaI guccha tathA eka dhvani " vatsara garbha abhyAgata puSpa - hAraNa kaNha kukSi kSIra rakSati su rigaNeNa aNNA eka hI paMkti meM dekhiye - ubbaddha - jUDu ghuTTha goTThi vacchara gabbha abbhAgaya puppha ( vartamAna meM nahAna ) ( vartamAna meM kAnha ) ( siNeha rUpa bhI ) zabdoM ke anta meM ukAra kI pravRtti apabhraMza kI eka pramukha vizeSatA hai jisakA bAhulya Aja bhI brajabhASA meM hai - 39 kucchi khIra (hindI meM bhI artha - bheda se calatA hai / ) rakkhasi bhU-bhaMga-bhI toDe ppiMNu coshota~u sIsu / "ya" tathA "va" ke sthAna para bhI "u" vyavahRta hotA thA - rAva - rAu, anyAya aNNA u 2.2 dasavIM zatAbdi taka Ate-Ate tadbhava zabdAvalI ke rUpa bahuta kucha sthira ho gaye the jinase milate-julate rUpavAle zabda Aja bhI pracura mAtrA meM loka meM pracalita haiM kajju (kAja), ajja (Aja), tujbhu ( tujhe ), dIvaya ( dIvA ), taMba (tAMbA), mumga (mUMga), baggha (bAgha), motti (motI), sohagga ( suhAga ), khetu (kheta ) hatthi,
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________________ jainavidyA (hAthI) / isake atirikta ghara, bhaMjhA, pahara, khIra, gAma, dahI, Adi zabda to usa kAla meM pUrNatayA sthira ho gaye / Aja punaH ghara ko "gRha" ke rUpa meM likhane kI ceSTA kI jA rahI hai, jina rUpoM ko loka meM pracalita hone meM 2000 varSa lage kyA una zabdoM ko ina prayAsoM se badalA yA haTAyA jA sakatA hai ? 40 2. 3 kucha zabda loka - bhASAoM meM paryApta AvRtti ke sAtha cala rahe haiM yadyapi pariniSThita hindI meM unake tatsama rUpa ko hI vyavahRta kiyA jA rahA hai. dAliddha (ra) ( dAridraya), sAmala ( zyAmala), ucchava ( utsava ), pauttha- pauthI (pustaka), tharaNa (stana), heTTha ( heThA) / isake atirikta ghallai, cakkhai, caDDU, caDAvii, bhulai, chajjai, chaMDai, chivaha, jaikai, vokkhai, jhaDappai, jhapai, bhullara, Dhalai, DhaMkai, buDDai, mukkai, saMgai, challaI, Adi sahasroM kriyAeM tathA kaserU, kuMDa, surapya, sIlla, ghiyapUra, cIjja, chikra, ToppI, pelliya, poTTala, bohittha, mela, raMDI, lukka, Adi sahasroM anya prakAra ke zabda bhI puSpadaMta ke kAvya meM milate haiM jinase milate-julate zabdoM kA zrAja hama prayoga karate haiM / - 2.4 kucha viziSTa zabda bhI milate haiM jinakA prayoga Aja hindI meM pracalita nahIM hai richolI (paMkti), godaliya ( carbitA ), dhammella ( jUr3A), viTThalau ( malina), saMDhe (napuMsaka), caMgA (acchA ), Dhukku, (praviSTa huA), suTTha (acchA ), zravabhaMgiya ( mAliza ), viThThala ( asta-vyasta ), vibhiu ( vismaya) Adi / para ina zabdoM meM kucha zabda jaise caMgA, suTThA Adi zrAja bhI anya Adhunika bhAratIya Arya bhASAoM - paMjAbI, siMdhI Adi meM pracalita haiM / " dhammila" Adi zabda kA prayoga to jAyasI meM bhI milatA hai / 2.5 apabhraMza kI eka sabase pramukha pravRtti hai dhvanyAtmaka zabdoM kA prayoga / bhAvAnukUla zabda - yojanA ke lie isase acchA aura koI anya sAdhana nahIM mila sakatA / kukkaraMti, gumagumati, purUharaMta, bharabhariyaI, raNaraNiuM, cumacumaMti, ruraNaruNiuM, dhagadhagadhagaMti, gharaNa puphphuvaMta, kaDhakaDhaMtu Adi sahasroM zabda bhare par3e haiM / govarddhana-dhAraNa kA eka citra dekhie - jalu galai, jhalajhalai, dari bharai, sari sarai / asuss, afs uss | giri puDai, sihi gaDai // maru calai, taru ghulai / jalu thalu vi, gouhu vi / rigaru ra siu, maya tasiu tharaharas, kiramarai // eka aura citra dekhie - paDu taDi varaNa paDiya viyaDAyala haMjiya sIha dAruNo / giri sari dari saMrata sarasara bhaya vAraNaramukkaraNI saraNo // zabda-yojanA se eka prakAra kI aisI dhvani nikalatI-sI pratIta hotI hai jaise bAdaloM ke anavarata zabda se samasta AkAza bharA huA hai| kahIM-kahIM to isa prakAra ke zabdoM kI jhar3I-sI laga jAtI hai - taDa-taDa-taDa-taDa- taDataDaya siMgu /
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________________ janavidyA 2.6 citropamatA dhvanyAtmaka zabdAvalI se athavA pada-yojanA se kavi kucha aise varNana prastuta karatA hai ki eka citra khiMca jAtA hai - jalariNahiva jhalajhalai / . visaharuvi calacalai // eka aura citra dekhie - ghoTTai khIraM, loTTaI poraM / bhaMjai kuMbha, mellai DibhaM / chaMDai mahiyaM, cakkhai bahiyaM, kaDhai cicci, gharai calacci // kriyA vyApAroM kI bhIr3a-bhAr3a se - luMcaraNaI, khecaNaiM, kuMcaNaiM, luttttnnii| kuTThaNaiM thaTTaNaI vttttnnii| paulaNaiM pIlaNaiM hUlaNaiM caalnniN| calaNAI DhalaNAI malagAiM gilgaaii| kahIM komalakAnta padAvalI kI saMyojanA se - para paya-raya-dhUsara kiMkara sri| jasaharacariu kI bhASA para vicAra-vimarza karate hue DaoN0 kochar3a likhate haiM - "bhAvodraka kI dRSTi se bhAvatIvratA graMtha meM manda hai kintu bhASA vegavatI hai / kavi jo kucha kahanA cAhatA hai tadanukUla zabda yojanA kara sakA hai" - toDai taDati taNa vaMdharaNai / bhoDai kaDati haDDuI dhrnniN| phAui caDatti campaI calaI / ghuTTai dhaDati sAriNaya balaI // ..... . isameM dekhiye bhinna-bhinna zabda-yojanA dvArA zarIra kI graMthiyoM kA tar3a se TUTanA, haDDiyoM kA kar3a-kar3a kara mur3anA, camar3e kA carra se alaga ho jAnA, khUna kA ghaTa-ghaTa pIjAnA Adi ke lie kitane upayukta zabda haiN| isa prakAra anuraNanAtmaka zabdoM kI yojanA meM puSpadaMta jaisA siddhahasta kavi hamako samasta hindI sAhitya meM koI dUsarA nahIM dRSTigata hotA hai, yaha pravRtti bhASA ko prANavAn banAtI hai, Adhunika kAla meM chAyAvAda meM Akara punaH isa ora kaviyoM ne dhyAna diyaa| punarukti dvArA bhI kavi ne citra upasthita karane kI ceSTA kI hai| isa vidhi se jahA~ eka ora bhASA meM vega pAyA hai vahA~ dUsarI ora bala prayukta huA hai| . mANusa-sarIra buh-ghottttlu| ghAyeu ghAyeu ai-viTTalau / vAsiu vAsiu euM surahi phaluM / posiu posiu gAu gharaha balu // tosiu tosiu eu appaNau / mosiu mosiu dharamAyaNau / bhUsiu bhUsiu e suhAvaraNau / maMDiu maMDiu mIsAvaraNau //
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________________ janavidyA 3. muhAvare tathA lokoktiyAM puSpadaMta kI bhASA sajIva bhASA hai jisameM lokoktiyoM, muhAvaroM Adi ke samyak prayoga se pravAha banA huA hai, sAtha hI artha meM gAmbhIrya banA huA hai / apabhraMza sAhitya meM DaoN0 kochar3a ne isaprakAra kI lokoktiyoM kA saMgraha kiyA bhI hai| Aja AvazyakatA isa bAta kI hai ki samasta sAhitya se isa prakAra kA saMgraha kiyA jAya / kucha udAharaNa dekhiye - bhukkavau chaNayaMdahu sArameu / (pUrNimA candra para kuttA bhauMke usakA kyA bigAr3egA) uhAbiu suttau sIhu keraNa / (sote siMha ko kisane jagAyA) mAraNabhaMgu vara maraNu Na jIviu / (apamAnita hone para jIvita rahane se mRtyu bhalI) ko taM pusae piDAlai lihiyu| (mastaka meM likhe ko kauna pauMcha sakatA hai) bhariyau puNu ritau hoi rAya (bharA khAlI hogA) lUyAMsutteM vajjhai masau Na hatthi Nirujjhai / (makar3I ke jAla sUtra se macchara to bAMdhA jA sakatA hai, hAthI nahIM rokA jA sktaa|) khagge meheM ki NirujaleNa, taruNA rasareNa kiM NipphaleNa / (pAnI rahita megha se aura khaDga se kyA lAbha / ) 4. pralaMkAramayI bhASA . bhASA meM anuprAsa, yamaka, zleSa, rUpaka, utprekSA Adi alaMkAra pracura rUpa meM vyApta haiM jinase kAvya kA saundarya dviguNita ho uThA hai / eka utprekSA draSTavya hai - vijjuliyae kaMculiyae bhUmiyadehae suravaNu ghaNamAlae NaM bAlae kiu vicitta uppariyaNu / vidyutrUpI kaMcukI se bhUSita dehavAlI dhanamAlArUpI bAlA ne mAno suradhanurUpI uparitana vastra dhAraNa kiyA ho| ____ isa prakAra bhASA ko sajIva tathA saprANa, sAtha hI pravAhamayI dhArA kA rUpa pradAna karanevAle sabhI tattva puSpadaMta kI bhASA meM vidyamAna the| eka ora usakI bhASA meM saMskRta kI samAsa-zailI, jisameM alaMkAroM kA bAhulya, zabdoM kA camatkAra hone se kliSTatA prA gaI hai to dUsarI ora sarala pravAhamaya bhASA ke prayoga se janasAdhAraNa ke adhika nikaTa hone kA guNa bhI usameM vidyamAna hai| yahI bhASA loka-bhASA hai jisameM loka meM pracalita muhAvare tathA lokoktiyA~ binA prayAsa cale jAte haiM aura Aja kI hindI kA vikAsa bhI isI loka-pracalita bhASA ke svarUpa se huA hai|
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________________ mahApurANa kI kAvyabhASA - DaoN. zrIraMjanasUrideva "mahApurANa" apabhraza ke mahAkavi puSpadaMta (IsA kI 10vIM zatI) dvArA sauSThavapUrNa kAvyabhASA meM racita mahAkAvya hai / jaina dhArmika sAhitya ke prathamAnuyoga meM parigaNita isa mahAkAvya kA apara paryAya "tisaTThimahApurisaguNAlaMkAra" (triSaSTimahApuruSaguNAlaMkAra) hai| puSpadaMta ne apane zubhAvataraNa se kAzyapagotrIya brAhmaNa kula ko alaMkRta kiyA thaa| unake pitA kA nAma kezavabhaTTa aura mAtA kA nAma mugdhAdevI thA / vaha apane jIvana ke pUrvArddha meM zaiva the aura uttarArddha meM Akara digambara jaina ho gaye / mAnyakheTa (vartamAna Andhrapradeza ke haidarAbAda rAjya kA malakher3a) ke rAjA bharata ke Azraya meM rahakara unhoMne "mahApurANa" kI racanA kI aura phira rAjA bharata ke putra yuvarAja nanna ke Azraya meM "NAyakumAracariu" tathA "jasaMharacariu" jaise kAlajayI apabhraMza-khaNDakAvyoM kA praNayana kiyaa| nirdhana hokara bhI ve kavitvAbhimAna ke dhanI the isalie unhoMne apane ko "kAvya pizAca", "abhimAna meru", "kavikulatilaka", "kAvyaratnAkara", "sarasvatInilaya" Adi citra-vicitra upAdhiyoM se vimaNDita kiyA hai| magadharAja zreNika (bimbasAra) ke anurodha para bhagavAn mahAvIra ke pramukha gaNadhara gautamasvAmI ne "mahApurANa", yAnI prAcInakAla kI mahatI kathA prastuta kI thii| purANa meM eka hI dharmapuruSa yA mahApuruSa kA varNana hotA hai aura mahApurANa meM aneka mahApuruSoM kA / mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne apane isa "mahApurANa" meM tirasaTha (caubIsa tIrthaMkara, bAraha cakravartI, nau vAsudeva, nau prativAsudeva aura nau baladeva) zalAkA puruSoM yA mahApuruSoM ke caritroM kA varNana kiyA hai isalie unhoMne ise "tisaTThimahApurisaguNAlaMkAra" nAma se bhI abhihita kiyA hai| puSpadaMta ke atirikta, unake pUrvavartI jinasena dvitIya (navIM zatI) ne
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________________ 44 jainavidyA "triSaSTi lakSaNa AdipurANa" aura paravartI hemacandra (12vIM zatI) ne bhI "triSaSTizalAkApuruSacarita" meM saMskRta-bhASA meM tirasaTha zalAkApuruSoM kA caritra-citraNa upanyasta kiyA hai| mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke kula eka sau do sandhiyoM se samanvita isa mahApurANa meM tirasaTha mahApuruSoM ke varNana-krama meM, jainAmnAyakI dRSTi se "rAmAyaNa" aura "mahAbhArata" kI kathAoM ko bhI antarbhUta kiyA gayA hai| jaisA kahA gayA, mahAkavi puSpadaMta kA "mahApurANa" tirasaThazalAkApuruSoM yA mahApuruSoM kI mahatI kathA hai, jo mahAkavi guNADhya kI paizAcI-prAkRta meM likhI gaI "vRhatkathA" ke paravartI vikAsa kI paramparA kA jaina navyodbhAvana hai / yaha "mahApurANa" itihAsa, kalpanA, mithakIya cetanA evaM kathArUr3hi se mizrita kathAnaka kI vyApakatA aura vizAlatA sAtha hI bhAvasaghana evaM rasapezala bhASika vakratA, camatkArapUrNa ghaTanAoM kI alaukikatA, vyaMjanAgarbha kAvyamaya sarasa sundara varNana-zailI Adi kI dRSTi se kAvyabhASA ke manorama zilpa se sajjita mahAkAvya kA asAdhAraNa pratimAna bana gayA hai / ... sAmAnya bhASA hI jaba vizeSoktimUlaka hotI hai, taba kAvyabhASA bana jAtI hai / isalie sAmAnya bhASA yadi jala ke samAna hai, to kAvyabhASA usa jala se utpanna lahara ke samAna / kAvyabhASA meM kavitA kI prAkRtika zakti antanihita rahatI hai, isalie vaha sAmAnya bhASA se adhika prabhAvaka hotI hai| kAvyabhASA kI yaha prabhAvanA hI hai ki kAvya guNoM se anabhijJa zrotA bhI kAvyapATha sunakara Anandavimugdha ho uThatA hai| isalie, kavi subandhu ne apane prasiddha kathAgrantha "vAsavadattA" meM kahA hai - aviditaguNApi satkavibhariNatiH karNeSu vamati madhuSArAm / anadhigataparimalApi hi harati dRzaM mAlatImAlA // arthAt "satkavi kI kavitA, usake guNoM ko jAne binA bhI, zravaNamAtra se hI kAnoM meM madhudhArA kI varSA karatI hai, jaise mAlatI puSpoM kI mAlA, usake saurabha ko grahaNa kiye binA bhI dRSTi ko lubhA detI hai / " kahanA na hogA ki mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke mahApurANa kI kAvyabhASA meM zravaNamAtra se hI hRdaya ko AkRSTa kara lene kI pracura zakti vidyamAna hai| isa sandarbha meM eka dUsare kI ora bar3hatI huI do senAoM kA eka varNana draSTavya hai - calacaraNacAracAliyadharAI, ddollaaviygirivivrNtraaii| DhalahaliyaghuliyavaravisaharAI, bhytsirrsiydhrnnvrnnyraaii| jhalajhaliyavaliyasAyarajalAI, jalajaliyakAlakovANalAiM // Adi0 (52.14) yuddhaviSayaka kaThora bimbamUlaka isa avataraNa meM kAvyagata aisI bhASika zakti nihita hai ki vaha zrotAoM ko artha jAne binA bhI zravaNamAtra se hI sahasA Avajita kara lene kI kSamatA rakhatA hai|
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________________ jainavidyA 45 jJAtavya hai, kAvya ke aneka tattvoM meM bhASA kA anyatama sthAna hai isalie bhAratIya kaviyoM ne apane kAvyoM meM bhASA ke mahattva para adhika dhyAna diyA hai aura jinhoMne aisA nahIM kiyA, unake kAvya sampreSaNIya nahIM bana sake / isalie, gosvAmI tulasIdAsa ne apane janakAvya "rAmacaritamAnasa" meM rasa aura chanda ke pahale varNa aura arthasaMbaMdha ko hI mUlya diyA hai| mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne bhI kAvyaracanA-prakriyA meM bhASika jJAna ko mahattva dete hue saMskRta aura prAkRta bhASAoM kI zikSA ke sAtha hI apabhraMza bhASA kI zikSA para bhI bala diyA hai / (dra. mahApurANa, 5.18) / ataeva, kahanA na hogA ki bhASA hI kAvya hai aura kAvya bhI kisI-na-kisI rUpa meM bhASA hI hai| arthAt kAvya aura bhASA meM avicchinna anyonyAzrita sambandha hai| kAvyazAstriyoM ne bhI bhASA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara zabda aura artha ke nitya sambandha ko kAvya kahA haiM / kAvya aura bhASA, donoM hI janatA kI cittavRttiyoM kA saMcita pratibimba hotA hai| pratyeka bhASA kI vacobhaMgI, nAda aura guNa usake bolanevAloM kI prakRti ke anurUpa hote haiM / bolanevAloM kI ugra aura komala prakRti ke anusAra hI bhASA kA svara bhI ugra aura komala hogA / udAharaNArtha "mahApurANa" kI kAvyabhASA ke sandarbha meM, rAvaNavadha ke bAda patigataprANA mandodarI ke vilApa meM karuNA-komala bhASika svara kI anubhUti spaSTa hai - paI viNu jagi dasAsa jaM jijjai, taM paradukkha samUhu shijji| hA piyayama bharaNatuM soyAuru, kaMdai hiravasesu aNturu| 78.22 bhASA kI zailI se hI kavi kI prakRti aura vyaktitva kA nirdhAraNa hotA hai / aMgrejI kI ukti prasiddha hai - "sTAila ija da main"| koI bhI kavi ke tattva, bhAva yahA~ taka ki sAhityika avadhAraNAe~ bhI paramparA se hI prApta karatA hai| kevala bhASA hI eka aisI vastu hai, jo use pArasparika uttarAdhikAra meM nahIM prApta hotI, apitu vaha usakI svayaM kI nirmita hotI hai / isalie, eka hI rIti meM likhanevAle kaviyoM kI bhASAe~ bhinna ho jAtI haiN| kavi ko bhASA se saMgharSa karanA par3atA hai, tabhI vaha usakA kAyAkalpa kara pAtA hai| mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke "mahApurANa" meM isa prakAra ke bhASika kAyAkalpa ke aneka anupama saMdarbha upalabdha haiM / bhASika kAyAkalpa kA tAtparya prayoga kI abhinavatA se hai / "meghadUta" meM kAlIdAsa ne ujjayinI varNana-krama meM use "kAntimAn svargakhaNDa" kahA hai / potananagara ke citraNa-krama meM isI rIti kA varNana mahAkavi puSpadaMta kI bhASA meM bhinna ho gayA hai| yathA tahiM poyaNa NAmu eyara asthi vitthiNNauM / suraloeM gAi gharaNihi pAhur3a diNNauM // (92.2) ' arthAt potananagara itanA vistIrNa, samRddha aura sundara thA, mAno suraloka ne use pRthvI ke lie bheMTa dI ho|
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________________ 46 puna: isI vacobhaMgI meM rAjagRha nagara kA bhI citraraNa draSTavya hai : jahi bIsai taha bhallaDa gayaru gavallau sasiravinaMta vihUsiu / uvarivilaM biyataraNihe sarge dharaNihe gAva dhADu pesiu // ( 1.15 ) isa sandarbha meM bhI kavi ne kahA hai ki rAjagRha mAno svarga dvArA pRthvI ke lie bhejA gayA upahAra ho / kavi apanI kAvyabhASA meM nAdasaundarya-sRSTi athavA kisI vAkya khaMDa para bala dene yA rasAnukUla prabhAva utpanna karane ke lie aisI vAkya vyavasthA karatA hai jisameM vAkyagata prakRti kI punarAvRtti hotI hai / ise hI "samAntaratA" kahA jAtA hai / isakA sabase sarala prakAra zrAdyapunarukti hai jisameM kaI caraNoM taka Arambha meM eka athavA adhika zabda duharAye jAte haiM / "mahApurANa" meM mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne isa " samAntaratA" kA prAyaH upayoga kiyA hai / vIra rasa kA eka udAharaNa - jainavidyA bhako vibhara jai jAi jIu, to jAu thAu chuDu pahupayAu / bhaDa ko vi bharagai riDaM eMtu caMDa, maI ajju karevau khaMDakhaMDa | bhar3a ko vi bharaNai jai muMDa paDai, to mahaM ruMDa ji riDaM haravi gaDai // ( 52.12.3) arthAt koI bhaTa yaha kahatA hai ki prANa jAye to bhale hI jAye, kintu svAmI kA prabhAva sthira rahe / koI bhaTa pracaMDa zatru ko Ate dekha kahatA hai ki Aja maiM use khaMDa-khaMDa kara dUMgA / koI bhaTa kahatA hai ki yadi zira se kaTakara gira jAyagA, to bhI dhar3a zatru ko mArane ke lie nAcatA phiregA / nadI aura senA kI tulanA ke prasaMga meM "samAntaratA" kA eka anya udAharaNa bhI draSTavya hai - sari chajjai uggayapaMkaryAha, balu chajjada cittachattasaryAha / sari chajjai haMsahi jalayahi, balu chajjai dhavalaha cAmaha / zradi (15.12 ) kAvyabhASA aura lokabhASA meM aTUTa sambandha hotA hai| saca to yaha hai ki kAvyabhASA lokabhASA se udbhUta hotI hai aura bhaviSya meM AnevAlI lokabhASA vartamAna kI kAvyabhASA ke bIjarUpa hotI hai / kintu, kavi isa bAta ke prati satarka rahatA hai ki usakI kAvyabhASA lokabhASA se sampRkta hokara bhI viziSTa banI rahe - na vaha adhika kSudra ho, na hI adhika durUha / kahanA na hogA ki mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke " mahApurANa" meM lokabhASAsikta viziSTa kAvyabhASA ke bhavya darzana hote haiM / isa sandarbha meM puSpadaMta ke, bolacAla kI bhASA meM likhe gaye do eka prayogoM ke udAharaNa draSTavya haiN| magadha deza ke varNana krama meM kavi kI yaha ukti hai - -
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________________ jainavidyA jahiM koilu hiMDai kasapiMDu, vaNalacchihe gaM kjjlkrNddu| jahi salilaI mAzyapelliyAI, ravisosabhaeNa va halliyAiM // (1.12) isa avataraNa meM "hiMDai" (hiMDanA-vicaraNa karanA), pelliyAI (pelanA= Andolita karanA) aura halliyAI (halahalAnA hIlanA, caMcala honA) zabda lokabhASAmUlaka haiM, jinase utpanna abhIpsita artha kI abhivyaMjanA adhikAdhika janasampreSaNIya bana gaI hai / isI krama meM kavi prayukta "gilla" (gIlA : 29.5) "cakkhai" (cakhatA hai : 2.19) "jevaMi" (khAtA hai : 18.7) "Dollai" (DolatA hai : 4.18) "rahaTTa" (rahaTa : 27.1) "DhillIhUya" ( DhIlA hokara : 32.3 ) "toMda" (peTa : 20.23) "buDDai" (bUr3atA= . DUbatA hai : 23.11) Adi laukika prayoga dhyAtavya haiM / kAvyabhASA se chanda kA bhI ghaniSTha sambandha hai kyoMki chanda ke sabhI lakSaNa bhASAmUlaka haiN| vastutaH chanda kisI kAvyaracanA ke zabdoM aura akSaroM kI eka aisI samAna mAtrika vyavasthA hai jisakI niyamita evaM nirdhArita AvRtti se kAvyapATha meM vilakSaNa Ananda milatA hai| bhAratIya kAvya chanda kI mahimA se ApUrita hai| chandaHzAstra, kAvyazAstra kA aMga hote hue bhI eka svatantra zAstra bana gayA hai / chanda mUlataH zrauta zabdavidhAna hai / yaha eka aisA bhASika prAyojana hai jisase zabdoM meM gati aura bhASA meM pravAha kA saMcAra hotA hai| gatizIla layavizeSa kI sucintita yojanA se hI chanda kI utpatti hotI hai / kAvya meM kalpanA aura samUrtana ke sAtha hI Avega ke kampana ke lie chanda anivArya hai / bhASA meM praspandana ke atirikta atyanta lInatA ke sAtha bhogI gaI anubhUti kI abhivyakti chanda ke niyaMtraNa se hI saMbhava hai / chanda hI kavitA ko sAMgItikatA pradAna karatA hai, aura phira vyApaka janapreSaNIyatA ke lie bhI chanda eka anivArya upAdAna hai / kavi ke bhAvAbhibhUta evaM Avega kampita hRdaya se chanda svataH phUTa uThatA hai| vAlmIki ke krauMcavadhajanya karuNA se unmathita evaM hRdaya meM saMcita zoka zloka banakara pravAhita ho uThA thA : "zlokatvamApayata yasya zokaH / " mahAkavi puSpadaMta chanda kI apAra mahimA ke marmajJa the isalie unhoMne "mahApurANa" kI pratyeka saMdhi meM mahAkAvyAnukUla vibhinna chandoM kA prayoga kiyA hai / yadyapi pratyeka sandhi ke pratyeka kaDavaka kI chandoyojanA parivartita nahIM, tathApi kaDavaka ke Adi kA chanda prAyaH pratyeka sandhi meM bhinna hai / kahIM-kahIM kaDavaka meM duvaI yugmaka kA bhI prayoga huA hai / ghattA ke bAda kaDavaka kI vyavasthA to apabhraMza-kAvya kI nijatA hai jo bAda meM hindI ke mAnasakAvya meM dohA, caupAI ke rUpa meM punarAkhyAyita huaa| mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne mAtrikA chandoM kA adhika prayoga kiyA hai aura tuka ke nirvAha kA prayAsa bhii| mahAkavi kI isa chandoyojanA se unake mahAkAvya kI tIvra anubhUtyAtmaka vANI meM layAtmaka spandana kA mohaka viniyoga huA hai| "mahApurANa" meM cUMki bhAvanAoM aura AvegoM kI halacala adhika hai, isalie yathAprayukta chandoM meM mRdu-maMjula layAtmakatA aura praspandana kA samAveza
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________________ jainavidyA sahaja manohara pratIta hotA hai / chandovidhAna kI viziSTatA ke kAraNa hI isa mahAkAvya kI kAvyabhASA kI apanI prabhaviSNutA hai| kAvya meM bhASA ke sabhI aMgoM - varNa, zabda, muhAvarA, vAkya yahA~ taka ki virAma Adi cihnoM kA bhI upayoga hotA hai ataeva kAvya bhASA kA apanA eka samagra svarUpa hotA hai| prAcArya prAnandavardhana aura prAcArya kuntaka ne kAvya meM vakratA-vidhAna kA Arambha varNa se hI mAnA hai / kaviyoM dvArA varNa se udbhUta nAda-saundarya kI vividhatA prastuta karane ke krama meM varNavinyAsa vakratA kA vidhAna kiyA jAtA hai| thor3e-thor3e vyavadhAna vAle eka, do athavA bahuta se anuraNanAtmaka evaM dhvanyAtmaka vyaMjana varNoM kA samekita parigumphana varNavinyAsavakratA kA hI eka prakAra hai / alaMkAravAdI ise "anuprAsa" kahate haiN| isa saMdarbha meM "mahApurANa" kA eka udAharaNa draSTavya hai - taDi taDayaDai paDai ruMjai hari, taru kaDayaDai phuDai vihai giri / (14.9) . kAvyabhASA meM kriyAvAcaka vizeSaNoM kA samAna mahattva hai| inake prayoga dvArA kavi apanI bhASA meM prAyaH navInatA kI sRSTi ke lie saceSTa rahatA hai kyoMki navInatA / kI sRSTi hI bhASika vakratA kA mUloddezya hai / kAvyabhASA meM navanirmita vizeSaNa zabdoM kA vizeSa mUlya hotA hai / mahAkavi puSpadaMta dvArA prastuta isakA eka udAharaNa isa prakAra hai "aMkuriyau kusamiu pallaviu mahusamayAgamu vilasai / " (28.13) yahA~ madhu samayAgama (basantAgama) kA nAma dhAtumUlaka kriyA-vizeSaNa (aMkurita, kusumita aura pallavita) kA vakratAjanita saundarya dhyAna dene yogya hai| ___ isI prakAra, anekArthaka yA paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA upayoga bhI kAvyabhASA ke lie Avazyaka hotA hai / isa sandarbha meM mahApurANa se uddhRta eka-eka udAharaNa - khagge meheM ki NijjaleNa, taruNA sareNa kiM NipphaleNa / (57.7) isa avataraNa meM "nirjala" (NijjaleNa) aura "niSphala" (riNapphaleNa) zabda kI arthabhinnatA dhyAna dene yogya hai| jala sAmAnya artha - pAnI, viziSTa bhinna artha - talavAra kI dhAra / phala sAmAnya artha - per3a kA phala, viziSTa vibhinna artha - tIra kI nok| / isI prakAra, dUsarA udAharaNa paryAyavAcI zabda ke prayoga kA - muhaM mukhahi caMdeM samu bharaNami jai to kavaNu kittnnu| 54.1 kuvalaya baMdhu vi NAhu Nau dosAyara jaayu| 69.11 ina donoM avataraNoM meM "candra" aura usake paryAyavAcI zabda "doSAkara" (dosAyaru) dhyAtavya haiM / candra se cA~danI kI dhavalimA aura doSAkara se rAtri ke gahana andhakAra kI anubhUti hotI hai / aprastutayojanA bhI kAvyabhASA kI anivAryatA hai / mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke prakRtivarNana meM isakI prayogabhUyiSThatA dRSTigata hotI hai| unake bhAva aura vastubodhaka aprastuta antara prabhAvasAmya yA phira upameya aura upamAna ke bIca rUpasAmya se pratIkita haiM jinakI
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________________ jaina vidyA surakSita ramaNIyatA hI sarvottama vizeSatA hai / isa sandarbha meM gaMgAnadI kA komala bimbamUlaka prastuta vidhAna draSTavya hai - bhasaraNayaraNI vinbhamaraNAhigahira, raNavakusumavimIsiyabhamaracihura | majjaMtakuM bhikuMbhattharagAla, sevAla ragIlaNettaMcalAla / taDaviDaviga liya mahughusirgApaMga, calajalabhaMgAvalivalitaraMga / siyagholamArgAMDaDI racIra, pavaNuddha yatA ratusArahAra / 12.8 arthAt "matsya-rUpa nayanoMvAlI, zrAvartta-rUpa gaMbhIra nAbhivAlI, navakusumagumphita bhramara-rUpa kezapAzavAlI, snAna karate hAthiyoM ke gaNDasthala ke samAna stanoMvAlI, zaivAla* rUpa nIla caMcala netravAlI, taTa para khar3e per3oM se gire madhu-kuMkuma se pIta varNavAlI, caMcala jalataraMga - rUpa trivalivAlI, bahate huye phena rUpa zveta vastravAlI tathA pavana kampita zubhra tuSAra . rUpa dvAravAlI gaMgA bar3I zobhA - zAlinI pratIta hotI hai / 49 yahA~ gaMgA nadI meM aprastuta zRMgAramayI navayauvanA nAyikA kI bimbAtmaka aura saundarya-maNDita prastuti sacamuca atizaya hRdayAvarjaka hai / isI prakAra, pUrNimA candra para kutte kA bhauMkanA : "bhukkaDa charaNayaMdahu sArameu" (1.8), sote siMha ko jagAnA : "uTThAviu suttara sIha kerA" (12.17 ) zrAdi muhAvaroM kA prayoga bhI " mahApurANa" kI kAvya-bhASA kA AkarSaka bhASika upAdAna hai / kAvyabhASA kI vAkya racanA meM kavi rAjazekhara sammata " pravRttAkhyAta" nAmaka vAkya vakratA kA atizaya mahattva hai / isameM eka hI kriyA kI bhinna kartAoM ke sAtha pravRtti hotI hai / " mahApurANa" meM isa prakAra kI prayogavakratA kA pracura samAveza huA hai / isa sandarbha meM nadI aura senA ke tulanAmUlaka prasaMga kA eka udAharaNa - sari chajjai saMcaraMtajharsAha, balu chajjai karavAlaha jhartAha / sari chajjai cakkahi saMgaryAha, balu chajjai rahacakkahi~ garyAha / 15.12 3. isa prakAra, "mahApurANa" kI kAvyabhASA ke saMkSipta nidarzana se spaSTa hai ki isameM bhASika vakratA ke sAtha hI rUpakAtmakatA, pratIkAtmakatA, bimbAtmakatA, rAgAtmakatA Adi kAvyabhASA ke samasta saundaryamUlaka tattvoM kA viniveza bar3I cArutA ke sAtha huA hai / phalata: mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke isa mahAkAvya kI sahaja komala garimAmayI kAvya-bhASA vilakSaNa hai jo gahanatama mAnavIya anubhavoM ko sampreSita karane meM tato'dhika samartha hai /
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________________ jainavidyA zabda praNAma* sArasvata gaganAJcala ke tuma divya divAkara kAnta / kAzyapagotra pavitra deha, mana lIna jaina siddhAnta // mugdhAdevI ko mamatA se lAlita tuma kavi meru / kezava bhaTTAtmaja, kavi, paNDita, tuma abhimAna sumeru / sarasa kAvya ratnAkara, kavi kula tilaka, kRSNa kRza gAtra / ugra prakRti, saMskRta-prAkRta kAvyAmRta ke tuma pAtra // pratibhA hai sahacarI, kAvya jina caraNApita candana / agaNita kAvya-pArijAtoM ke tuma surabhita nandana // mahAmAtya bharatAdRta daihika bhoga vimukha, niHsngg| mAnyakheTavAsI, paurANika, dhUla dhUsarita aGga // zabda-brahma ArAdhaka ! zabdazakti yuta he rasasiddha! nAga-yazodhara carita kAvya maya ! mahApurANa samRddha // . bhUzAyI, valkalapriya, jIvoM ke niSkAraNa mitr| jaina-brahma siddhAnta ziromaNi ! samyagdRSTi pavitra // . kavipizAca ! abhimAna cihna ! abhimAna meru ! kavi prApta / mahApurANa sadRza jIvana meM rasadhArA hai vyApta // bAdhArahita dharmamaya jIvana, dhanya tumhArA nAma / puSpadanta kavivara ! svIkAro hArdika zabda praNAma // - - paNDita viSNukAnta zukla * mahAkavi puSpadanta dvArA uttarapurANa meM diye gaye svakIya jIvana paricaya ke AdhAra pr|
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________________ mahApurANu ke rAmAyaNa khaNDa kI bimba-yojanA - - DaoN0 choTelAla zarmA 75 fe vastu, ghaTanA Adi ke rUpa, raMga, dhvani, gati prabhRti ke prabhAvazAlI alaMkRta ' evaM aindriya citra ko kahate haiM / ye svataH saMbhavI bhI hote haiM aura kaviprauDhokti siddha bhI / svataH-saMbhavI biMboM kA nikaTatama saMbaMdha deza kI samAdRti se hotA hai aura kaviprauDhokti siddha biMboM kA deza aura kAla kI samAdRti se / ye kalpanAprasUta hote haiM / kalpanA " kavitva bIja kI saMskAra vizeSa", 3 " apUrva vastu ke nirmANa meM samartha prajJA " ( pratibhA ) 1 tathA "kAvya ghaTanA ke anukUla zabda aura artha kI upasthiti kA nAma hai / isa prakAra samagra kavi-karma biMba-vidhAna ke antargata simaTa jAtA hai / " "apUrvatA", "vakrokti", "atizayokti", "zleSa", "aupamya" Adi vAkya vakratA arthAt alaMkAra jIvAtu kA paryAya hai - alaMkAra bhI rasa aura dhvani ke sahaja aura avibhAjya aMga haiM / pratibhAvAn kavi jaba " samAhitacetasaH " hokara kAvya- nirmANa meM lIna hotA hai, taba " rasAkSipta" aura "pRthagyatna nirvartya", duHsAdhya alaMkAra ahamahamikA-pUrvaka svayaM daur3a Ate haiM / " kuMtaka ne alaMkAroM ko racanA kA sahaja aMga svIkAra kiyA hai aura inakA sambandha kavi kI vidagdhatA athavA vyutpatti se jor3A hai / isa prakAra pratibhA aura vyutpatti se saMbhUta alaMkAra aura biMba paryAya Thaharate haiM aura inake zrantargata ucca aura udAtta kalpanA, ukti-vaicitrya, vastu, guNa, svabhAva, kArya-vyApAra, tathA bhAva - manovikAra ke alaMkRta, preSaNIya aura prabhaviSNu rUpa samAhRta rahate haiM / kAvya meM inase vibhAvAdi sAdhAraNIkRta hote haiM aura bhAva deza aura kAla ke saMsarga se mukta | ghaTanA
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________________ jainavidyA inake dvArA hI rasa ke AsvAdya aura prAsvAda rUpa meM nikhAra AtA hai aura kavi kI vyutpatti-mUlaka saMskRti aura saMskAroM meM ubhAra / 1 / mahApurANukAra "ukta viSayA vastUtprekSA-mAlA" ke rUpa meM eka virAT tathA svata:saMbhavI mUrtAmUrta evaM zleSa guNopeta gatizIla biMba kA saMyojana taba karatA hai, jaba vaha apane eka pramukha pAtra kI sauMdarya-vRddhi ke svabhAva kI asAmAnya vRtti ke varNana kI tvarA pradarzita karatA hai - vaDDhai paramesari divvadeha, NaM bIyAyaMbahu tariNaya reha / NaM laliya mahAkaipayapautti, NaM mayaraNabhAvaviSNAgajutti / NaM guNasamagga sohagayatti, gaM pAritvavirayaNasamatti / lAyaNNavatta NaM jalahivela, surahiya NaM caMpayakusumamAla / thira suhava NaM sappurisakitti, bahulakkhaNa NaM vaayrnnvitti| ma. 70.9.5-10 apabhraMza ke "vAIsara" kavi ne "praznottara" evaM "lalita" se puSTa tathA "bhAratI" vRtti se garbhita "dIpaka" ke rUpa meM eka svataHsaMbhavI saMzliSTa nIti biMba kA vidhAna taba, kiyA hai jaba vaha nArI ke antarbAhya vaiSamya ke vizleSaNa meM pravRtta huaA hai - taM NisuriNavi dahavayaNe vuccai, avasu vi vasi kijjai jaM ruccai / ki visabhaiyai phaNimaNi muccai, alasahu siri dUreNa pavaccai / suhisayapattaNu purisapahuttaNu girimaNiNattaNu saihi syttnnu| dUrayaratyu suNaMtahaM caMgauM, pAsi asesu vi darisiyabhaMgauM / ma. 71.21.6-9 anyatra usane "praznottara" se tathA "viSayaucitya" se viziSTa "prativastUpamAmAlA" ke rUpa meM svataH-saMbhavI eka sundara evaM virAT biMba kA nirmANa taba kiyA hai, jaba vaha apane eka pAtra kI mahattA ke prAkalana meM agrasara huA hai - ki kijjai dIvau tucchachavi, jai aMdhayAra giTThavai rvi| kiM kijjai hariNu adhIramai, jai lambhai sIhakisora pai / ki kijjai vAisu jai garula, supasaNNu hoi bahubAhubala / kiM kinjai kharU jai duddharahu, pAvijjai kaMdhara siMdhurahu / kiM kijjai pippalu salasaliu, jai vIsai surataruvara phliu| :: kiM kijjai rAhau muddhi tai, rAvaNamahilattaNu hoi ji| ma. 72.11. 1-6 "mahApurANu" meM "yamaka", "varNa-vinyAsa-vakratA", "praznottara", "vicAryamANacamatkAra", "sUkta kadeza-camatkAra" aura "zabda-camatkAra" se puSTa evaM "vAkya-vaiziSTya vyaMgya" garbha "dRSTAntamAlA" ke rUpa meM eka svAbhAvika evaM manovaijJAnika citra kA prAdhAna taba huA hai, jaba vahAM pramukha pAtra ke citta-sAralya kI vyaMjanara kA rUpa vicAra kiyA gayA hai -
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________________ jainavidyA afrat fva karaggahu gosarai, kahi vesAyaNu kahi gosaraha / foresafe afrasi rigahi, kahi kavaDahariNu kahi baMdhavihi / maraharahu malu dUsaNu jiragahu zramaya visu ki sIsai / guNavaMtahaM basa rahataNurahaM vujjaNu ko viga dIsai / usI pAtra kI gaMbhIra prakRti ke bIja ko bhI sadRza kAlpanika citra kI sahAyatA se vyakta kiyA gayA hai parahu raMga dei maNu avase maulai sakalaMkaho / phullai paDamiriNaya karaphaMseM kahi mi miyaMkaho / . 72.4. 11-12 53 hamAre kavi ne " arthAntaranyAsa - vizeSa" dvArA "sAmAnya kA samarthana" ke rUpa meM eka svataH saMbhavI upapanna citra taba khar3A kiyA hai jaba use sAmAnya vRtti ke rUpavidhAna kA avasara hAtha lagA hai - kaMpai mahi - saMcAreM sasarasarAsaraNahatthahaM / saMkai jamu jamadUu ko gau tasai samatthahaM / . 70.20. 9-10 aura " kAkvAkSipta guNIbhUta vyaMgya", " arthAntaranyAsa" aura samalaMkRta tathA 'dRSTAnta" se puSTa eka samAna biba kA vidhAna taba huA nAyaka ke pratApa kA zabda - citra uredane meM tatpara huA hai - hai paI sIi zrajju tilu tilu karami bhUyahaM demi disAbali / para pacchai dUsaha hoi mahuM virahajalagajAlAvali / ma. 74. dhruvakaM " deharI- dIpaka" jaba vaha apane . 69.13. 10-11 puSpadaMta ne anujJA ke rUpa meM apane pratinAyaka kI durAsakti kI vyaMjanA taba kI hai, jaba usake krodhAviSTa hone para bhI vaha usakI prAMtarika sahAnubhUti ko vyakta karanA nahIM bhUlA hai - . 73.21. 12-13 Age "anukta-viSayA-vastUtprekSA" ke rUpa meM eka lalita kalpanA - citra kA prayoga saba milA hai, jaba hamArA kavi nAyikA kI "AzaMkA" kI vyaMjanA meM tatpara huA hai - paivaya parapaivayabhaMgabhaya, yaM pavaNeM pADiya laliya laya / bhattAravidhoyavisaMduliya, vihivasa silasaMkaDi pakkhaliya / NaM kAmabhalli mahiyali paDiya, raNaM bAulliya kaMcaraNaghaDiya / ma. 72.7. 6-8 yahIM "ukta-triSayA-vastutprekSA - mAlA " ke rUpa meM "arthavyakti" evaM "samatA guNa sahavartI nAyikA" ke " harSAtireka" vyaMgyacitra kA nirmANa huA hai, jaba kahA gayA hai -
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________________ 54 jainavidyA prANiya miliya devi balahadahu, amarataraMgiNi gAi samudahu / hemasisi gAvai rasasiddhahu, kevalaNANariddhi gaM buddhahu / divvavANi jAriNaya paramatthahu, varakaimai NaM paMDiyasatthahu / cittasuddhi NaM cArumuriNabahu, NaM saMpuNNakati chaNayaMbahu / NaM varamokkhalacchi arahaMtahu, bahuguNasaMpaya gaM guNavaMtahu / ma. 78.27. 10-14 puSpadaMta "praznottara" aura "tiraskAra" se puSTa tathA "saukumArya" guNa sahavartI "prativastUpamA-mAlA" ke rUpa meM eka vyApaka kalpanA-citra kI udbhAvanA taba karatA hai, jaba vaha nAyikA se sambandhita pratinAyaka kI "cintA" kI vyaMjanA karatA hai - kiM garalavAribhariyai sarIi, kiM savisakusumamayamaMjarIi / baMdhavayaNahiyaviyAraNIi, kiM jAyai dhIyai vairiNIi / ma. 70.7.7-8 ... nIce "dvitIya vizeSa" ke rUpa meM kavi-prauDhoktisiddha "pralApa" biMba kA Ayojana huA hai, jaba usane kahA hai - jahi jAi tahi ji so sIya riNayai, vArijjai DhakkI keNa Niyai / aMdhArae vi saMmuhauM ghaDiuM, sIyahi muhaM pekkhai disahi jaDiuM / pAriNauM vi piyai so tahiM sasIu, paravasu vaTTai vItaddhagIu / ma. 73.19.10-12 aura "yamaka", "varNa-vinyAsa-vakratA", "upamA" aura "tRtIya nidarzanA" se puSTa "tRtIya viSama" ke rUpa meM eka kalpanA-citra kA nirmANa isa prakAra huA hai ki nAyaka kI "vyAdhi" aura "saMjvara" kI "mAdhurya" guNopeta vyaMjanA nIra-kSIra ke sadRza ghula-mila gaye haiM - taM NisuriNavi mucchiu paDiu rAmu, jalasiMciu uThThiu khAmakhAmu / sIyalu visu visu va Na saMti jaNai, hariyaMdaNu sihikulu aMgu chaNai / galiNu vi sUrahu sayaNattu vahai, sayaraNIyali cittau dehu Dahai / piyavirahu jaladai sihi va jalai, camarANilu tAsu sahAu ghulai / sarU geyahu vairivimukkasara kavvu kAyakavvAsau / viNa sIyai bhAvai rAhavahu gADau gADayapAsau / / ma. 73.3. 7-12 pAlocya kavi "yamaka" tathA "varNavinyAsavakratA" se puSTa "bimbapratibiMbopamAlA" ke rUpa meM eka sajIva kalpanA-citra kA nirmANa taba karatA hai, jaba vaha yuddha ke kArya meM tathA vyApAra ke varNana meM tatpara hotA hai - ..
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________________ 55 janavidyA sarahiM bhamarehiM va maMDiya, jiha variNa taru tiha te raNi khNddiy| jiha velliu tiha aMtaiM chiNNaiM, jiha pattaI jiha pattaI bhinnnnii| jiha tADahalaI tiha riusIsaI, pADiyAiM dharaNIyali.. bhIsaI / jiha ujjAraNahu gaTThaI cakkaiM, tiha riurahavari bhaggaiM cakkaI / jiha sara tiha viddhaMsiya riusara, laMkAraNayari paiTThA vaannr| _ma. 76.8. 8-12 aura vaha "ekadeza-vivati-rUpaka" ke rUpa meM eka lalita kalpanA kA prayoga taba karatA hai, jaba vaha dvaMdva ke vyApAra-byaure ke varNana meM agrasara hotA hai - paDibhaDakAlANalu joiyabhuyabalu viSphuraMtu macchari caDiu / mahikariNikayaggaDu pasariyaviggahu kaNhu dasAsaha abhiDiu / __ma. 78/dhra varka "ukta-viSayAvastUtprekSA-mAlA" ke rUpa meM pAMca vibhinna kalpanAoM kA prayoga taba huA hai jaba nAyaka aura nAyikA ke vaivAhika kArya tathA vyApAra ke varNana kA ekatAna upakrama huaA hai - vaidehi dhariya kari halahareNa, NaM vijjula dhavaleM jalahareNa / NaM tihuyaNasiri paramappaeNa, NaM gAyavitti paaliypenn| . NaM caMdeM viyasiya kusumamAla, govindaM NaM siri sAraNAla / ma. 70.13. 1-3 . vaha eka "liMgavaicitryavakratA" se puSTa prabhAvotpAdaka sadRza-kalpanA citra kA nirmANa taba karatA hai jaba vaha apanI U~cI sahAnubhUti ke sAtha nirjIva padArthoM meM bhI kisI abhiprAya vizeSa ke kAraNa prANa-saMcAra karane kA kArya tathA vyApAra apane hAtha meM letA hai - bAhasaliladhArahiM varasaMti va, tUraiM duhabhiNNAI rasaMti va / hau kaTThe ghaDiyau cammeM mar3hiyau parakaratADaNu jaM sahami / NaM euM sajuttauM paDaheM vuttauM taM dasAsu mahivai mahami / ma. 78.25. 13-15 "yamaka" aura "varNa-vinyAsa-vakratA" se puSTa sUkSma ke rUpa meM eka gUr3ha kalpanA kA upayoga taba milatA hai, jaba use eka pAtra kA "sodvega" kalAtmaka rati vyApAra kAmya rahA hai - kara maulivi saNNai kA vi pomu, pAvesami jAvahi subai pomu / ma. 70.19.10 .. Age kavi ne "svabhAvokti" ke rUpa meM eka prasanna gatizIla vizada citra kA vidhAna taba kiyA hai, jaba vaha eka vanya mRga ke manamohaka vyApAra ko citrita karane ke lie udyata huA hai -
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________________ 56 paviralapaehi laMghaMtu mahi, lahu dhAvai pAvai bAsarahi / thovaMtari maraNaharu jAi javi, kaha kaha va karaMguli chittu gavi / pahu pAriNa pasArai kira gharai, mAyAmau mau aggai saraha / dUraMtari riNayataNu dakkhavai, khelai varisAva maMdagai / raNavavAkaMdakavalu bharai, taruvara kisalayapallava kacchaMtari sacchasalilu piyas, vaMkiyagalu pacchAuhuM giyai / suyacaMcudhAyapariyaliyaphali, khari dIsaha caMpayacUyatali / khariNa vellikhilagi paisaraha, aNNNapaesahi zravayara / carai / mahirUDhau vAriyasUrakara, kAmirigavellivilAsadhara / tuhuM deva payAvahuyAsa riNaraNa helai baDDhau vAlitaru / jainavidyA hamArA kavi " bAli - vadha" viSayaka " asundara vyaMgya" garbhita ghaTanAoM ko sarasa rUpa pradAna karane ke lie " nyAyatva", "viSayaucitya" aura "zleSaguraNa" tathA "pAMcAlI rIti" tathA 'madhyama mArga" se sahavata 'sAMgarUpaka" kA upayoga karatA hai - aura anyatra - hayamuhapheragajali raNasaravari soNiyadhArANAlacalu / zrasicaMcui lakkharagalakkhariNaraNa toDiu vAlihi sirakamalu / ma. 72.4. 1-8 75.9. 9-10 . 75.8. 14-15 Age vaha "mAdhurya", "saukumArya", "lAvaNya", aura " saubhAgya", guNa, "kezikIvRtti" " vaktRaucitya", "vaidarbhI rIti", "sukumAra-mArga", "rUr3hi - vaicitrya - vakratA" aura "anyokti" se puSTa apahanuti ke rUpa meM eka utkRSTa kalpanA kA citra taba prastuta karatA hai, jaba vaha rAma kathA ke "bI" arthaprakRti sambandhI phalaparaka ghaTanA para vitarkapUrvaka vicAra karatA hai - prajju milaMtu maccha maMdAri vaha saMsaMkapaMDurA / padmaM mui kheryArada kaha hosai sA gavadhusirNApaMjarA / gAu gAu bhAu NAsaNavihi, sIya Na hitta hitta pariyaNavihi / rAmu Na kuddha kuddha jagabhakkhaDa, lakkhaNu Na bhiDiu bhiDiu kulakkhau / cakku raMga mukku mukku jamasAsaNu, taM Nau laggau laggu huyAsaNu / vacchu Na bhiNNu bhiNNu gharaNIyalu, ruhiru Na galiu galiu sajjaNabalu / tu upaDi paDiu kAmiNigaNu, tuhuM raNa mujho si muu vihaliyajaNu / ceTTha raga bhagga bhagga laMkAuri, diTThi Na suNNa suNNa maMdoyari / . 78.24, 1-8 " mahApurANu " meM "vicAryamANa camatkAra" aura " prabaMdhaucitya" se garbhita tathA "padArtha dIpaka" aura prasanna " zleSa " se puSTa " ukta viSayA vastutprekSA- mAlA" ke rUpa meM eka bahu vibhrAT evaM "sandarbhasamuccaya" pUrNa kaviprauDhoktisiddha biba vahA~ milatA hai, jahA~ "sItA haraNa " aura "divasAvasAna" viSayaka ghaTanAoM ke " vaktR aucitya " evaM "gauDI rIti" se yukta sahavarNana milatA hai -
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________________ jainavidyA haditi pratthairisANu, saMpattau lahu zratthamiu bhANu / garatiriyaraNayaraNapasaraNa haraMtu, cakkaulahaM taNutAvaNu karaMtu / NaM disai laiu rairasa rihAu NaM NiNNaTThau rAvaNapayAu / NaM radda samudde rayaraNasaMgu NaM mahii giliu raharaharahaMgu / deu vi vAruNisaMgera paDai, NaM iyabhaNaMtu pakkhiulu raDai / gacchantu ahomuhu timiramaMthu NaM dAvai garayahu tara u paMtha / kAleM kavaliu mahizraddharAu, NaM hittau kAmirigarai gihAu / NaM gAsiu baMdhavasokkhaheu, acchoDiu NaM rahuvaMsakeu / NaM moDi surataruvaru phalaMtu, ulhaviu pAyAvAraNalu jalaMtu / riusIsarigave siyapAyapaMsu, uDDA viu jagasara rAyahaMsu / aise hI "kezakIvRtti" evaM " vaidarbhI rIti" garbhita tathA " zleSAdi guNa" se yukta vaividhyapUrNa citra kA udghATana taba huA hai, jaba usake prasiddha pAtra ke nidhana kI ghaTanA kA varNana prastuta huA hai - 57 ma. 79.11 6-9 sA tujbhu ji joggI layalaliyaMgI hippai maDDai kiMkarahaM / surasari samudbahu hoi samuddahu gau jammi vi paMkayasa rahaM / . 73.1. 3-8 Alocya graMtha meM "prasAda guNa" aura " vaktR aucitya" se viziSTa 'vaidharmyamUlaka' dRSTAnta ke rUpa meM eka utkRSTa kalpanAcitra kA pratyakSa taba hotA hai, jaba kavi apane eka pAtra dvArA nyasta rAma kathA kI bIja artha - prakRti se sambandhita ghaTanA ke varNana meM pravRtta hotA hai - ma. 71.2 11-12 gau zratthavaraNahu kaMdoTTajUra, karasahaseNa vi raNau dhariu sUru / rigavaDaMtu jaMtu heTThAmuhau ravi kiM ekku bharigajjai / jagalacchI maMdira riggaryAha maMdaha ko rakkhajjai / aisA hI eka " vaktR-praucitya" aura "ulvaNa racanA" se viziSTa arthAntaranyAsavizeSa kA sAmAnya se sAdharmyapUrvaka samarthana ke rUpa meM eka udAtta kalpanA kA prayoga taba dIkha par3atA hai, jaba sUryAsta saMbaMdhI ghaTanA kA vimarza prArambha huA hai - . 73.2. 12-14 jahi acchai rigayaDapariTThiyau aMjaragataguruha bAlau / tahi dahamuhu raisuhu kahi lahai vammahu jahi paDikUlau / hamArA kavi "paryAyavakratA", "anurUpya" aura "anAkulatva" se viziSTa "kAvyaliMga" ke rUpa meM eka " kavi-prauDhoktisiddha" prasanna citra kA nirmANa taba karatA hai, jaba vaha do pratiyogiyoM kI ekAvasthAnarUpa ghaTanA ke varNana meM pravRtta hotA hai - . 73.19. 14-15
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________________ jainavidyA utane "nyAya" aura "prasAda guNa" se viziSTa " prathama samuccaya" ke rUpa meM eka camatkArapUrNa kalpanA - citra kA vidhAna taba kiyA hai, jaba vaha paradArA - parityAga sambandhI ghaTanA ko aneka prakAra ke tarkoM dvArA bala dene kI ceSTA meM agrasara huA hai - 58 vajjAvattasarAsaraNahatthahu, dijjau ghaririNa deva kAkutthahu / cakkapasUs raNa caMgauM dAvai, lakkhaNu vAsueu mahuM bhAvai / stone fofkkadhesu raga rappara, zraNhu ki raNi vAli samappar3a / tuju ares fka ghara zrAvada, kiM paNpattivijja paridhAvai / rong paMcaror fe vajjai, aNNu evaM ki lacchi chajjai / tor ghararighe hi bajjhai, gArUDavijja ra prAhu sijjhai / aisA hI "prAnurUpya" aura "anAkulatva" se aura "prativastUpamA" se puSTa " lokokti" ke rUpa meM vinyAsa kA saMyojana taba dIkha par3A hai jaba kathA ke vismayakArI mRtyu sambandhI ghaTanA kA vidhAna huA hai - viziSTa tathA "praznottara ", "lalita" eka prasAdaguNa yukta ramaNIya vAkyaeka atyanta zaktizAlI pAtra kI kiha kulisa vi ghurNoha vicchiNNauM, tujbhu vi maraNu keva saMpaNDaM / . 76.3. 5-10 sIyAdevi deva dIhuNha gIsasaMtI / suMraha tuha payAI bhattArabhattivaMtI / siri va uvidaha, sari va samudahu / metti va rohahu, mori va mehahu / bhamari va pomahu, saMti va sAmahu / kaririga va poluhi, karahi va viuti va cheyahu, haririga vavaraNakaMta jeva pIluhi / va geyahu / vasaMta | sunarai koila, jiguNa jAgas, tiha hamArA kavi "kAMti" aura " yamaka" se puSTa "biMba - pratibiMbopamA" ke rUpa meM prauDhoktisiddha eka vistRta saMdarbha taba saMghaTita karatA hai, jaba vaha apane eka pAtra kI viraha dazA kI sUcanA dene meM pravRtta hotA hai - dhIrateM ila / tuha jAraNai / ma. 78.24.12 74.1. 1-10 aise hI usane "vicAryamANa camatkAra", "upacAra", " zleSa guNa", aura "vAsavIya samAdhi guNa" se viziSTa tathA "sabhaMga " yamaka " madhya- zrutyanuprAsa", "zleSa", "lokokti" aura upamA se puSTa "sAMgarUpaka" ke rUpa meM eka mudrA citra kA nirmANa taba kiyA hai jaba vaha " ulvaraNa" evaM " samAsabahulA" padAvalI meM apane pramukha pAtra ke projapUrNa mana aura alaMkRta zarIra ke varNana meM samudyata huA hai -
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________________ jainavidyA to hali hari jayakArivi caliu, taNubhUsaraNamaNiya rasaMvaliu / tArAvalihArAvaliurahi, uttaMgahi tuMgapayohara hi / pavimalapasaraNa disavaya riNayahi, caMdakka maraNohararAya riNayahi / grAhaMDaladhaNu uppariyahi, raMjiyavijjAharagaraNa maraNa hi / lacchihi uvari beMtu payaI, paDisuhaDahaM saMjaNaMtu bhayaI / saMkhapaMtidasaNu vaDavAragala jAlAkesaru / velApuMchacalu marigagagagahu sIhu va bhAsaru / 59 74.6. 7-13 Age vaha " vicAryamANa" zabda aura " prakhyAtavRtti" camatkAra tathA kAMti guNa se viziSTa evaM "yamaka" "varNa vinyAsa - vakratA" aura lATAnuprAsa se puSTa "dhvani-rUpaka" ke rUpa meM eka kalpanA-citra kI udbhAvanA taba karatA hai jaba vaha pAtra aura prakRti ke rUpa ko abheda sAdRzya ke sahAre ekAvasthita karane kI ceSTA karatA hai - giri sohai varavaraNavAraNehi, pahu sohai vAriNivAraNahi / giri sohai uDDiyavAraNarehi, pahu sohai khagaghayavAraNarehi / giri sohai raNavabAraNasaNeha, pahu sohai bhaDavAraNA saha / pugvako Disila diTTha tehi, pujjiya vaMdiya harihalaha rehi / 79.1.3-7 aura Age vaha " rasa- camatkAra" aura "koTi- guNa" se " viziSTa bhrAMtimAn " ke rUpa meM eka ramaNIya kalpanA-citra kA upayoga taba karatA hai, jaba vaha jala- keli meM magna apane eka pAtra ke camatkRta "maugdhya-vilAsa" kA citraNa karatA hai - pattipitta pecchivi jalakaraNa, hAru Na tuTTau pravaloiya tharaNa / kavi ra icchai jalapakkhAlaNu, kajjala tilayapatta pakkhAlaNu / ma0 71.17. 8-9 hamAre kavi ne 'zleSa guNa" se puSTa " uktaviSayA vastutprekSAmAlA" ke rUpa meM eka vaividhyapUrNa saMdarbha kI udbhAvanA apane eka pAtra ke abhijJAna para vicAra-vimarza ke silasile meM kI hai - praikkaMThieraNa dharaNIseM sajjaraga diNNajIyayaM / tA diTTha mayacchatharaNa kuMkumapiMjara uttarIyaM / bIsai vaMsaggavilaMba mANu, gaM riu gayagaya gaMgaNa riNavANu / NaM dAvas kaMtahi tariNaya vaTTa, iha dahamuhamArIyaiM payaTTa / ubhaya sIyai sahavaDAya, taM leppiNu kiMkara bhatti prAya / ma. 73.5. 1-5 Age kA Alocya dAha-saMskAra kA saMdarbha madhyazrutyanuprAsa yukta varNa- citra hai - etad soho trueredho, riyaloyavasaraNo / ess gari ghUmo rAvaNassa bhImo dujjaso vva kasaraNo / ghUmaMtari bAloliu, raga ragavamehamajbhi vijjuliyau / puNu vi tAu sohaMti paIhau, gaM cAmIyarataruvara sAhau / saMvAriya sImaMtiraNadehau, sihiragA pasariyAu gaM bAhau / ma0 76.9. 1-5
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________________ 60 jaina vidyA aura aisA hI eka " yamaka" tathA "vicAryamANa - camatkAra" se kA saMyojana vaha yuddha ke lie nirgata apane eka pAtra ke varNana ke upakrama meM karatA hai - puSTa raMga - citra vIsai gIsaraMtu raiyAhau, aMjaraga girikarivari thiu rAhau / gaM gavajalahara sihari sasaMkau, NaM zrairAvai iMdu prasaMkau / gaM jasu tijagasihari paMDurataNu, dhammAloyalINu muNimaNu / kayasarasohau gAi marAlau, sUrapahAharu gAi marAlau / sIyAkaMravara virahuNheM hau dAraNAlittapAriNa NaM diggau / ma0 78.3. 4-8 usane eka anya sthAna para raMga vaibhinya ko bhI " mUrtAmUrta" " ukta viSayA vastutprekSAmAlA " kA viSaya banAyA hai yathA rehati ve vi balaeva hari, gaM tuhiraNagiridaMja risihari / gaM gaMgAjauragAjala pavaha, gaM lacchihi kolAra maraNa vaha / gaMpuNNa maraNoraha sajjaraNahaM, gaM bammaviyAraNa dujjarahaM / ma0 69.13 1-3 puSpadaMta ne "samatA", "kAMti" aura "arthavyakti" guNa se viziSTa tathA "zrutyanuprAsa" puSTa "dIpaka" ke rUpa meM eka sundara kalpanA-citra kI udbhAvanA taba kI hai, jaba vaha tathya vizleSaNa kI ora bar3hA hai - guNasaNu prapyapasaMsaraNauM tavadasaNu micchAvaM saragauM / gaDadUsaNu gIrasapekkharaNauM, kaidUsaNu kathva pralakkharaNauM / gharaNadUsaNu saHkhalayaraNabharaNu, vayadUsaNu zrasamaMjasa maraNu / isa kharabhAsiNi jubai, suhidUsaNu pisuNu vibhiNNamai / siridUsaNu jar3a sAlasu rigavai, jaraNadUsaNu pAu pattakugai / gurusaNu gikkA ra rahasaNu, muNidUsaNu kusuisasamanbhasaNu / sasisa migamalu masikasaNu, kuladUsaNu raNaMdaNu duvvasaNu / ma0 69.7. 2-8 aura anyatra vaha "proja guNa" tathA "praznottara" se puSTa " prativastUpamA mAlA " ke rUpa meM eka utkRSTa kalpanA - citra kA nirmANa taba karatA hai, jaba vaha apane eka pAtra kI "asUyAvRtti" ko ubhArane meM pravRtta hotA hai - saraha sIha ko variNa saMdhArai, kAla kayaMta be vi ko mArai / caMda sUra ko khalai haMgariMga, hari bala ko rihAi samaraMga riNa / kesarikesachar3A ko chippara, jAragai keraNa garAhiva hippai / o 71.3. 6-8 usane "yamaka", "atizayokti" aura "lokokti" se puSTa apahanuti ke rUpa meM eka maulika citra kI udbhAvanA taba kI hai jaba usakA eka pAtra apane vAkkauzala se apanA samarthana karatA hai -
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________________ jainavidyA 61 isI prakAra "uktaviSayA vastUtprekSA-mAlA" ke rUpa meM usake eka pAtra kI Atma-prakSepaNa saMbaMdhI manovRtti abhivyaMjanA khoja rahI hai - joyai cittakar3a paMdaNavaNu, raNaM mahimahilahi keralaM jovvaNu / mahudhArahiM sittauM gAvai mattauM malayANilasaMcAliu / raNavataruvara sAhahiM pasariyabAhiM gaM gaccaMtu NihAliu~ / ___ ma. 71.11. 10-12 "caturtha pratIpa" kA camatkAra Adarza rAjA ke nidarzana meM khulA ubharA hai - tahi vasai ghayAvai payavai payadharaNa, je daMDe jittauM jmkrnn| je sattheM jitta sarAsai vi, jeM buddhii cittau bhesai vi / je riddhii jittau sukhai vi, je bhoeM jittau raivai vi / ma. 69.4. 6-8 rAmAyaNakAra "zabda camatkAra" se puSTa "paMcama pratIpa" ke rUpa meM apane eka dRr3ha vizvAsa ko atimAtrA meM kAraNatA taba pradAna karatA hai, jaba vaha apanI nAyikA ke nakha-zikha sauMdarya kI lokottaratA ko "iyarahakaha" kI kalAtmaka punarukti ke sAtha yathAkrama samAna antara para teIsa arddhAliyoM meM isa prakAra anusyUta karatA hai - payakamalahaM rattarattaNu ji hoi, iyaraha kaha raMgu vahaMti joi / guMphahaM puNu gUDhattaNu ji cAra, iyaraha kaha mArai tijagu maar| * ma. 70.10. 1-2 bhAlayalu vi-addhidu va variTUTha, iyaraha kaha tahu mayaNAsu diThTha / kotalakalAu kuDilattu vahai, iyaraha kaha mAraNavavaMdu vhi| ma. 70.11. 8-9 aise hI vIpsA" aura "lalita" se puSTa "kAkvAkSipta vyaMgya" se upakRta aura "tiraskAra", "samatA" tathA "proja" se garbhita "dIpaka" ke rUpa meM eka vaividhya citra kA viniveza yaha taba karatA hai, jaba vaha chaha bhautika saMbhAvanAoM ke dvArA apane nAyaka ke anupameya aizvarya ke prati niSThA vyakta karatA hai - ki kijjai hariNu adhIramai, jai labbhai sIhakisora pai / ki kijjai dIvau tucchachavi, jai aMdhayAru piTThavai ravi / ki kijjai vAisu jai garulu, supasaNNu hoi bahubAhubalu / ki kijjai kharU jai duddharahu, pAvijjai kaMdharU siMdhurahu / kiM kijjai pippalu salasaliu, jai dosai surataruvaru phaliu / ki kijjai rAhau muddhi tai, rAvaraNamahilattaNu hoi jai / ma.72.11. 1-6
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________________ janavidyA aura "mithyAdhyavasiti" ke anavasara prayoga kA eka udAharaNa taba milatA hai jaba vaha atyanta ghanIbhUta evaM Apada-mUlaka paristhitiyoM ke cakravAta se saMbhUta tathA bhautika saMdarbho se sahavartita sAta sadRza "aAzaMkA" citroM ko apane udAtta nAyaka ke nairAzya se jor3atA hai - tA citAviu mariNa rAmaeu, ekku ji sihi aNNu vi vAyaveu / ekku ji ravi aNNu ji gibhayAlu, ekku ji tamu aNNu ji mehajAlu / ekku ji hari aNNu ji pakkharAlu, ekku ji jamu aNNu puNNakAlu / ekku ji visi aNNu ji savisaviTTi, ekku ji saNi aNNa ji tahi mi viTThI / ekku ji bahamuhu buddharu viruddha praNekku tahi ji baliputtu kucha / ma. 75.4. 1-5 hamArA kavi "kAkvAkSipta vyaMgya" se upakRta "vizeSApaha nuti" ke rUpa meM eka sImaMta sparzI ojapUrNa aizvarya citra kA nirmANa taba karatA hai jaba vaha apane eka vigraha ke bIja-vapana meM siddhahasta pAtra dvArA Age kI chaha arddhAliyoM meM pratinAyaka kI "garva" mizrita "asUyA" ko ubuddha karane kA prayatna karatA hai - sihi raNaM karai tuhArauM bhAraNasu, uhu vaivasu vairihiM tuhuM vaivasu / periu gariyadisa sA ruMbhai, jAva ga tujha payAu viyaMbhai / rayaNAyara jaM gajjai taM jaDu, tuhuM ji ekku tailokki mhaabhe| vAu vAi kira tuha raNIsAse, bajjhai phariNavai tuha phariNapAseM / caMdu sUra kira tuha paradIvau, sIhubarAu vasau vaNi sAvau / sasuru saNaru khagu jagu tuha bIharu, para paI jiNivi ekku jasuIhai / ma. 71.2.1-5 aisI hI eka yukti kA upayoga "vastUtprekSA", "vyatireka" aura "pratIpa" se puSTa evaM "garva" tathA vitarka se saMzliSTa "bhrama" ke rUpa meM kavi taba karatA hai jaba vaha apane nAyaka ke antaHpura se sambandhita tathA vividha gati vyApAra evaM rekhA-raMga se raMjita eka sauMdarya citra ke Alekhana meM pravRtta hotA hai - kAi vi jaNaNayaNahaM ruccaMtii, moreM sahuM sahAsu paccaMtii / sohai kamalu duvAsihi pariyauM, pAlaMtAlipichaviccha riyuN| pAiM kaMDu raiNAhahu kerau, dAvai suraNarahiyaviyArau / kAi vi samauM vi haMsu camakkai, gailIlAvilAsi so cukkai / kAhi vi chappau laggau karayali, jaDa appauM maNNai thiu sayavali / kAhi vi riNayaDauM gaM polaggai, epau dohakaDakkhiu mggi| kAi vi uppalu savariNa Nihittau, kumbhAraNauM raNaM gayariNahi jittauM / ma. 71.14.17 aura Age kI pA~ca ardhAliyoM kA saMmizrita kriyA aura raMga-samuccaya kitanA manohArI hai -
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________________ jainavidyA kAvi kukusumaI yidaMtahi, joyai dappariMga samau phuraMtahi / balu parikkhai gitaNugaMdheM, bibIhalu praharahu saMbaMdheM / kavi phulliu sAhAru girikhakhai, bAlI harisAhAraNu kaMkhaI / jaMpamANu kaliyai mattau, kharasaMtAu ga murAi saittau / dhariu tAi rUsivi maraNadUsau, zraggivaNNu jAyau muhi pUsau / / puSpadaMta kA biba vidhAna meM na kahIM jor3a hai aura na tor3a pUrNa laya hai / citrAMkana ke raMga haiM / sthApatya kA nidarzana hai aura sabhI saMzliSTa, sabhI saMpreSaNIya / 1. varlDa v imejarI - sTIphena je0 brAuna, pRSTha 1-2 2. paoNyaTika imeja - sI. De. vyusa, pRSTha 22 63 ma0 71.15 1-5 varNana aura darzana kI mUrtikalA kI bArIkI / 3. kAvya prakAza - 1/3, kA. 4. locana - kAvya darpaNa - pRSTha 41 ( pA0 di0) 5. rasa gaMgAdhara - vi0sa0 bhA0, pRSTha 25 6. liTarerI imeja - prav ejarA pAuMDa, pRSTha 10 7. hindI dhvanyAloka - 2 / 16, pRSTha 145-47, estheTika pra0 9 8. hindI vakrokti jIvita - 1 / 10, pRSTha 51 9. dinakara - eka punarmUlyAMkana, vijendra nArAyaNa siMha, ilAhAbAda, san 65, pRSTha 10
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________________ 64 jainavidyA lobhI jIva riNu maggamANa hi DaMti pure, jaraNaraMjaNu pattu karevi kare / froated pUyaphalu khaMti kiha, ekkeNa ji ravi zratthava jiha // paMciditthu suha~ khaMciyauM, lurddhAhi zrappAraNau vaMciyau / jaracI raziyAsaraNa pharusasira, dAliddiya sadharaNa vi kiviNa gara / / ga viyAraus DhukkantI riyas, rigayahatthahu hatthu raga pattiyai / baMdhai mellai puNu puNu mavai, vasu gujjhapavesaha puNu Thavai // sAsaTThi ra pUrai kiha bharami, mariNa jUrai kAiM daddava karami / lohiTThaTTha pAviTTha calu, pAhuNayahu uttaru dei khalu // ghattA - gehirie gaya gAmaho icchiyakAmaho maNu NaM bhallii bhijjai / majjha vi dukkha siru tuhu~ zrAyau ghara bhaNu evaha ki kijjai // artha - lobhI jIva logoM ko raMjita karanevAle pAtra ko hAtha meM lekara nagara meM udhAra mA~gatA huA ghUmatA rahatA hai / vaha sar3I huI supArI bhI isa prakAra khAtA hai ki usa eka hI supArI se sUrya asta hojAya / lobhI jIva apane ko pA~coM indriyoM ke sukhoM ke bhoga se samartha hote hue bhI vaJcita rakhatA haiM / jIrNa kapar3e kI laMgoTI dhAraNa karanevAlA aura kaThora siravAlA aisA jIva dhanI hote hue bhI daridrI hotA haiM / vaha AtI huI niyati ko nahIM jAnatA aura apane eka hAtha se dUsare hAtha kA bhI vizvAsa nahIM karatA / vaha apane dhana ko bAra-bAra bA~dhatA hai, rakhatA hai, ginatA hai aura guptasthAna meM rakhatA hai| vaha kahatA haihA daiva ! sAThato pUre hI nahIM hote, kyA karU ? aisA vicArate hue vaha mana meM bar3A duHkhI rahatA hai / vaha lobhI, duSTa, pApiSTha aura caJcala jIva apane ghara - atithi ko isa prakAra uttara detA hai - " gharavAlI gA~va gaI hai / merA icchita kAma mana mAno bhAle se bhida rahA hai, merA to sira dukha rahA hai aura tuma ghara Aye ho, batAo aise samaya maiM kyA karU ?" - mahApurANa : 19.2.
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________________ mahAkavi puSpadaMta dvArA racita mahApurANa kI bimba-yojanA -- DaoN0 gadAdharasiMha kAvya-bimba pazcimI AlocanA-zAstra kA merudaNDa hai| pazcimI AlocakoM ne isakA itanA sUkSma evaM vistRta vizleSaNa kiyA hai ki unakI sampUrNa cetanA hI bimba se parivyApta ho gayI hai / "DAiDana" ne vimba ko kavitA kI utkRSTatA kA mApadaNDa hI nahIM apitu usakA prANatattva svIkAra kiyA hai| "ez2arApAuNDa" ne to yahA~ taka kaha diyA hai - "bar3e-bar3e pauthe likhane kI apekSA jIvanabhara meM kevala eka bimba kI racanA karanA kahIM behatara hai|" / pazcimI pAlocakoM kI dhAraNA hai ki bimba ke mAdhyama se hI kavi prAtma-vivRti karatA hai, apane bhAvAviSTa kSaNoM ko prodbhAsita karatA hai| yuga kI dhAraNA ke anusAra kAvya ke mAnadaNDa mUlya Adi badalate rahate haiM para bimba ekarUpa rahatA hai| racayitA ke sarjanAtmaka kriyA-vyApAra kA artha hai - bimba / "varDsavartha" ne kavitA ko manuSya aura prakRti kA bimba kahA hai - Poetry is the image of man and nature. prArambha meM "imeja" zabda kA prayoga sthUla rUpa meM pratikRti Adi kiyA gayA thaa| vaha bhAratIya alaMkAra-zAstra ke rUpaka vidhAna kI taraha thA kintu bAda meM use manovaijJAnika rUpa pradAna kiyA gayA / kAvya-bimba ke vizeSajJa "levisa" ne isake sambandha meM kahA - "kAvya-bimba eka prakAra kA bhAvagarbhita zabda-citra hai|"
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________________ jaina vidyA "DaoN0 nagendra" ne bimba para aneka dRSTikoNoM se vicAra karate hue likhA hai - "bimba padArtha nahIM hai varan usakI pratikRti yA praticchavi hai / vaha mUla sRSTi nahIM, punaH sRSTi hai / yaha eka aisA citra hai jo kisI padArtha ke sAtha vibhinna indriyoM ke sannikarSa se pramAtA ke citta meM udbuddha hotA hai / sAmAnya bimba aura kAvya- bimba meM antara yaha hai ki kAvya- bimba kA nirmANa sarjanAtmaka kalpanA se hotA hai aura isake mUla meM rAga kI preraNA anivAryataH rahatI hai / 66 bhAratIya kAvyamImAMsA meM bimba kA vivecana prakArAntara se huA hai / yadyapi kAvya ke bimbAtmaka rUpa kA vicAra bhAratIya kAvyazAstra ke lie naI bAta nahIM hai aura alaMkAravAdiyoM tathA dhvanivAdiyoM ne isakI svarUpagata viziSTatAoM ko prastuta karane kA pUrNa prayAsa kiyA hai kintu Adhunika artha meM use vivecita nahIM kiyA gayA, yaha satya hai / alaMkAra - zAstra meM dRSTAnta aura nidarzanA ke prasaMga meM "bimba" zabda kA prayoga huA hai / jahA~ upameya, upamAna aura sAmAnya dharma kA bimba pratibimba bhAva ho vahA~ dRSTAnta alaMkAra hotA hai aura jahA~ vastunoM kA paraspara sambandha unake bimba pratibimba kA bodha kare vahA~ nidarzanA alaMkAra hai / yahA~ para aprastuta prastuta kA bimba upasthita karatA hai / safa - sampradAya Adhunika bimba-vidhAna ke sarvAdhika nikaTa hai / " Anandavarddhana" ne vAcyArtha se bhinna pratIyamAna artha ko kAvya kI AtmA kahA hai aura aMganA ke avayavoM se sarvathA bhinna lAvaNya se usakI upamA dI hai : pratIyamAnaM punaranyadeva vastvasti vANISu mahAkavInAm / yat tat prasiddhAvayavAtiriktaM vibhAti lAvaNyamivAMganAsu // "mahAkaviyoM kI vANiyoM meM vAcyArya se sarvathA bhinna pratIyamAna kucha aura hI vastu hai jo prasiddha alaMkAroM athavA pratIta hone vAle avayavoM se bhinna aMganAoM ke lAvaNya ke samAna alaga hI prakAzita hotA hai / " kAvya kA vibhAvana vyApAra mUrta pakSa hai aura abhidheyArtha se bhinna pratIyamAna artha amUrta pakSa / mUrtta zabda se amUrta ramaNIya artha kI vyajaMnA meM bimbavidhAna spaSTa hai / "abhinavagupta" ne "abhijJAna zAkuntalam " kA " grIvAbhaMgAbhirAmam "4 chanda uddhRta karate hue likhA hai ki usase mAnasI sAkSAtkArAtmikA pratIti hotI hai, sAkSAt hRdaya meM praviSTa hotA huA sA A~kha ke Age ghUmatA huA sA bhayAnaka rasa hotA hai / "DaoN0 najendra " ne kAvya- bimba aura dhvani kA ghaniSTa sambandha svIkAra kiyA hai / bimba kA sambandha lakSaNA, vyaMjanA athavA dhvani se apekSAkRta adhika ghaniSTa hai / lakSaNA meM mUrti-vidhAna kI svAbhAvika kSamatA nihita hai, ataH bimba-nirmANa usakA sahaja guNa hai / vyaMjanA meM bhI bimba udbuddha karane kI zakti hai aura dhvani ke aneka bheda bimba rUpa hote haiM / dhvani kA mUla AdhAra vaiyAkaraNoM kA sphoTa hai aura sphoTa kI kalpanA bimba ke mUla rUpa se kAphI nikaTa hai / "5
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________________ janavidyA 67 bimboM kA vargIkaraNa AlocakoM ne vividha AyAmoM evaM AdhAroM para kAvya-bimba kA vargIkaraNa kiyA hai / bimboM meM aindriya aAdhAra pramukha hotA hai| ataH aindriya AdhAra para bimba ke pAMca bheda kiye gaye haiM - dRzya, zravya, spRzya, ghrANika aura rasa yA AsvAdya / mahApurANa kA bimba-vidhAna ___ puSpadaMta kRta "mahApurANa" apabhraMza kA eka sarvotkRSTa kAvya graMtha hI nahIM hai varan eka aisI mahanIya kRti hai jisakI vizAlatA, udAttatA, kamanIyatA evaM gambhIratA ne sampUrNa apabhraMza sAhitya ko gaurava se maMDita kiyA hai| isameM kavi ne apanI sarjanAtmaka pratibhA se purANa, darzana, kAvya, itihAsa Adi kA eka aisA saMzliSTa rUpa prastuta kiyA hai jo mAnava kI saundaryAtmaka upalabdhiyoM kA akSaya bhaMDAra bana gayA hai| manuSya kA prAtma-vikAsa evaM AtmavistAra hI mahApurANa kA lakSya hai aura isakI puSTi ke lie kavi kA sArA prayAsa hai / mahApurANa kA darzana jaina-darzana hai aura isalie kavi vairAgya ko jIvana kA carama lakSya mAnakara bhI jar3atA, gatihInatA evaM kiMkartavyavimUr3hatA ko prazraya nahIM detA / kavi kI jijIviSA zakti prabala hai| vaha vilAsa ko hI vinAza mAnatA hai aura AtmasammAna ko divyajIvana / AtmasammAna kI vibhutA kA usane udAtta citra khIMcA hai| apane aparigrahI aura svAbhimAnI vyaktitva ko rUpaka alaMkAra se puSTa cAkSuSabimba dvArA spaSTa karate hue unhoMne likhA hai - jagaM rambhaM hammaM dIvo candavimbaM / dharittI pallaMko do vi hatthA suvatthaM // piyANiddA piccaM kavvakIlA viraNozro / pradIpattaM cittaM Isaro pupphadanto // "puSpadaMta Izvara hai, sundara saMsAra usakA ghara hai, candrabimba dIpaka hai dharatI palaMga hai, aura do hAtha vastra haiM, nitya Ane vAlI nIMda priyA hai, kAvya-krIr3A vinoda hai, citta adIna hai|" kavi kA bimba-vidhAna aneka rUpoM meM vyakta huA hai usane apane bimboM ko yA to jIvana ke vyApaka anubhavoM se grahaNa kiyA hai yA prakRti ke vibhinna upAdAnoM se / apanI jIvana sambandhI anubhUtiyoM evaM antaHkaraNa ke saMvegoM kI usane prakRti ke upAdAnoM ke mAdhyama se abhivyakti pradAna kI hai| prakRti ke bimboM dvArA hI unhoMne caritroM kI udAttatA ko mUrtimattA pradAna kI hai tathA bhAvoM aura saMvedanAoM ko preSaNIya banAyA hai| kucha udAharaNa draSTavya haiM : dRzya yA cAkSuSa bimba yaha bimba prAkRtimUlaka hotA hai, ataH isakA AdhAra mUrta hotA hai| "mahApurANa" meM cAkSuSa-bimba kA prayoga sarvAdhika mAtrA meM huA hai| yaha masRNa aura kaThora do rUpoM meM
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________________ 68 jainavidyA prayukta huA hai| isakA kaThora rUpa meM prayoga svabhAva-citraNa, yathArtha-citraNa, kAyA-kleza evaM jIvana kI nazvaratA ke citraNa ke prasaMga meM sarvAdhika rUpa meM huA hai| NikkAraNu dAruNu baddharosu, dujjaNu sasahAveM lei bosu / hayatimirayara varakaraNihANu, Na suhAi ulayaho uiu bhANu // jai tA kiM so bhaMDiyasarAha, raNau ruccai viyasiya siri hraahN| ko gaNai pisuNu avisahiya teu, bhukkau charaNayaMbahu sArameu // 1.8 __ atyanta karuNAhIna, bhayaMkara aura krodha karanevAlA durjana svabhAva se hI doSa grahaNa karatA hai / andhakAra-samUha ko naSTa karanevAlA aura zreSTha kiraNoM kA nidhAna tathA ugatA huA sUrya yadi ullU ko acchA nahIM lagatA to kyA sarovaroM ko maMDita karanevAle tathA vikAsa kI zobhA dhAraNa karanevAle kamaloM ko bhI vaha acchA nahIM lagatA ? teja ko sahana nahIM karanevAle duSTa kI ginatI kauna karatA hai ? kuttA candramA para bhauMkA kre| komala gatizIla cAkSuSa-bimba kusumareNa jahi miliyau pavaNallaliyau karaNaMyavaNNa maha bhAvaha / viraNayaracUDAmaNiyai NahakAmiriNayai kaMcuu parihiu gAvai // ___13. 12-13 pavana se ur3atA huA, sunahalA mizrita kusuma-parAga mujha kavi puSpadaMta ko aisA lagatA hai mAno sUryarUpI cUr3AmaNivAlI AkAzarUpI lakSmI ne kaMcukI pahana rakhI ho| kavi ne upamA, utprekSA, pratIka, mitha Adi kI sahAyatA se bhavya bimboM kA nirmANa kiyA hai / sUryAsta kA citra aMkita karate hue kavi kahatA hai - - tAvattha iri sUru saMpattau / NaM diNarAeM bheMduu cittau // 35.12.1 astAcala para pahu~cA huA sUrya aisA laga rahA hai mAno dinarAja dvArA pheMkI gayI geMda pazcima dizA kI paridhi meM jAtI huI zobhita ho rahI ho| isameM utprekSA alaMkAra ke mAdhyama se gatizIla cAkSuSa-bimba kI samyak vyaMjanA kI gayI hai| zravya bimba-yojanA vastu varNana ke prasaMga meM kavi ne zravya-bimba kA prayoga sarvAdhika rUpa meM kiyA hai| nagara kI bhavyatA kA bimba prastuta karate hue kavi ne likhA hai - kAmiNikamaviyaliyakuMkumeNa jilhasai jaMtu jahiM jaNu kameNa / kaNiraNiyasukikiriNasaMNehi guppai riNavaDaMtahiM bhUsohaM // khuppai gayamayahayapheNapaMki taMboluggAlai jariNayasaMki / jahi vijayavaDahaduMduhisarehi suvvai Na ki pi NArINarehi // 1.16 " kAminiyoM ke pairoM se vigalita kuMkuma ke kAraNa jisa nagara ke rAjapatha para manuSya _ phisala jAte haiM, runajhuna karatI huI kiMkiNiyoM ke khisaka par3ane se manuSya gira par3atA hai,
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________________ jaina vidyA g2ajoM ke mada aura ghor3oM ke phenoM ke kIcar3a meM aura zaMkA utpanna karanevAle tAmbUloM kI pIkoM meM khapa jAtA hai, jahA~ vijaya- dundubhiyoM ke svaroM ke kAraNa nara-nAriyoM ko kucha bhI sunAI nahIM detA / nirdhanatA kA bimba gIra kavvu va kukaihi kerau, taM jiha tiha puNu giralaMkArau / zraTThabhAu haMDaI do piyara, kayakhala caraNayamuTThizrAhAraI // phase afar vakkala kAsaI, haDa haDa phuTTa pharUsa sira kesaI / zramha daha jagAI tahiM sayagaI kalahaMtaI bhAsiya duvvaya rAI || paMDurapaviraladIharadaMta vaccha parakambhu karaMtaI / 69 22.15. 3-7 usakA ghara kukavi ke kAvya kI taraha nIrasa aura alaMkAra rahita thA / ATha bhAIbahana, pItala ke do haNDe, khala aura canoM kA muTThI bhara AhAra karanevAle / kamara taka valkala, nikale hue sapheda hoTha, sapheda keza rAzi / usa ghara meM dasa AdamI Apasa meM lar3ate hue aura kaThora zabda karate hue usa lambe vikaTa dA~toM vAle dUsare kA kAma karate hue raha rahe the / yaha nirnAmikA kI nirdhanatA kA virATa citra hai jo usakI kAtaratA, vyathA, pIr3A, tar3apa evaM dInamUrtiko bimbita karatA hai / " nirnAmikA" nAma svayaM apane meM karuNA utpanna karane vAlA hai / usakI lomaharSaka, sarvagrAsI evaM stabdhakara nirdhanatA meM vedanA kI gahana anubhUti saMvedanIya bana gayI | zabda - yojanA dhvanyAtmaka hai jisameM abhizapta jIvana kI tIkhI gUMja hai / spRzya- bimba gAloM para hAtha rakhI bAlA kA bimba spaSTa karate hue kavi kahatA hai - tarala tamAla tAlatAlI ghariNa, gai garidi raNavakaM kellIvariNa / phalihasilAyala mbhi zrAsINI parabhavapiya saMbharaNeM bhIgI / suirU mahAruhAu saMcAlivi, komalakarakamaleM taNu lAlivi / raai diriNa kara ripa hiyakavolI, paMDugaMDaviluli cirAlI / 22.13. 1-4 caMcala tamAla, tAla aura tAlI vRkSoM se saghana, nava azoka vana meM, mahAvRkSoM ko bahuta samaya taka saMcAlita kara komala hAtharUpI kamala se zarIra ko sahalAkara vaha bAlA sphaTikazilA para baiThI thI / eka dina, jisane apanA hAtha gAloM para rakha chor3A hai aura jisake sapheda gaNDa - tala para bAloM kI caMcala laTeM haiM, aisI navakadalI ke samAna komala usa bAlA se dhAya ne kahA /
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________________ jaina vidyA navakadalI ke samAna komala zarIrayaSTi, mukhamaNDala para laToM kA chitarAnA, adhakhulI A~kheM, gAloM para hAtha rakha kara baiThanA - ye saba AkarSaka to haiM hI, bAlA kI manaHsthiti ko bhI biMbita karate haiM / kavi ne bimboM dvArA kAnti, dIpti, lAvaNya Adi sauMdarya ke upAdAnoM ko mAnasa-pratyakSa karAkara sauMdaryAtmaka anubhUti ko spaSTa kiyA hai / mAnavIkaraNa ko pAzcAtya AlocanA kI dena kahA jAtA hai kintu mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne isakA prayoga paryApta parimANa meM kiyA hai| candra-kiraNoM se Ahata kamalinI ke A~suoM ko poMchate hue sUrya kA citraNa mAnavIkaraNa ke dvArA puSTa sparza-bimba kA sundara udAharaNa hai| sasipAyAhayA, dukkhaM piva gyaa| aliravarasariNayA, rUpai va bhisinniyaa| daMsai pavimalaM, prosaMsuyajalaM / taM pasariyakaro, pusai va tmihro|| 4.19. 1-2 jo kamalinI candrapAdoM (kiraNoM) se Ahata hokara duHkha ko prApta huI thI, bhramaroM ke zabdoM se guMjita aisI kamalinI ro uThatI hai aura apane pracura prosarUpI AMsuoM ko dikhAtI hai / andhakAra kA haraNa karanevAlA sUrya mAno usake A~suoM ko poMchatA hai / ghrANika-bimba kSIra-samudra ke snAna-jala ke varNana ke krama meM kavi ne utprekSA alaMkAra ke dvArA use kamala-parAga kI dhUla se dhUsarita aura gajakapoloM se jharate huye madajala ke samAna sugandhita batAyA hai| paMkayakesararayadhUsariu, kassIrayarAeM piMjariu / varaNakuMjarakuMbhatthalakhaliu karaDayalagaliya mayaparimaliu / saMcaliyasilimmuha cittaliu, pANAmaNikiraNahisaMvaliu / parigholai siharidahu taraNalaM, raNaM paMcavaNNu uppariyaNauM // 3.17. 3-7 kamala-parAga kI dhUla se dhUsarita, kesara kI lAlimA se pIlA, vana-gajoM ke gaMDasthaloM se patita, gajakapoloM se karate hue madajala se sugandhita, calate huye bhramaroM se citrita snAna-jala aisA lagatA hai mAno sumeru parvata kA paMcaraMgA dupaTTA ur3a rahA ho / nIti-viSayaka upadezoM ke lie bhI kavi ne yatra-tatra ghrANa-bimba kA prayoga kiyA hai / jaise - . hoMti prabuha buhasaMgai buddhA, caMpaya vAseM tila vi suyaMdhA / 5.8. paMDitoM kI saMgati se mUrkha bhI paMDita ho jAte haiM jisa prakAra campA kI gaMdha se tila bhI sugandhita ho jAte haiN|
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________________ jainavidyA 71 prAsvAdha-bimba isa prakAra ke bimba-citraNa meM kavi ne alaMkAroM kA vizeSataH utprekSA alaMkAra kA sahArA liyA hai| lAla kiraNoMvAle gola sUrya ke sambandha meM kavi kI utprekSA hai - mAno AkAzarUpI vRkSa se navadala gira gayA ho yA dizArUpI yuvatI ne mAno lAla phala khA liyA ho| NaM gavadala gaha rUkkhahu lhasiyau, rattahalu va DhisitaruriNai usiyaDa // 35.12 mahAkavi kAlIdAsa ne raghuvaMza mahAkAvya meM kIcar3a meM lathapatha sUaroM evaM bhaisoM kA bar3A hRdayahArI citrAMkana kiyA hai| puSpadaMta ne bhI vana-varNana ke krama meM aMkura khAte hue zUkaroM evaM pakSiyoM ke coM-coM se Ahata hokara gire hue pake AmoM ke gucchoM ke lie daur3ate hue vAnaroM kA bar3A AkarSaka AsvAdya-bimba upasthita kiyA hai| kiDIkhaddhakaMvaM, yAsINakaMdaM / sare NaM savaMtaM, mahAvaMsavaMtaM savellI piyAlaM, puliMdI piyAlaM / viraNItaMkuroha, vicitaMkurohaM / alIpIyavAsaM, phariNadAhivAsaM // 21.6.8 .. usa jaMgala meM jahA~ sUaroM ke dvArA aMkura khAye jA rahe haiM, megha zikharoM se lage haiM jo svaroM se AvAja kara rahe haiM, jo bar3e-bar3e bA~soM se yukta haiM, jo latAoM aura priyAla latAoM se sahita haiM, jo zabariyoM ke lie priya haiM, jisameM aMkura nikala rahe haiM, jisameM vicitra aMkuroM kA samUha hai, jisameM bhramara gaMdha kA pAna kara rahe haiN| mizra-bimba jaba koI bimba eka se adhika indriyoM ko tRpta karatA hai to use mizra-bimba kahate haiN| basanta-varNana ke prasaMga meM kavi ne cAkSuSa, sparza evaM zravya-bimba kA mizrita prayoga kiyA hai| chuDu mAyaMda rukkhu kaMTaiyau, mahulacchii prAligivi laiyau / chur3a caMpayatarU aMkUraMciu, raNaM kAmuu harise romAMciu / chuDu kaMkelli ki pi koraiyau, raNaM vammaha cittAra raiyau / chuDu maMdArasAhi pallaviyau, caladalu NaM mahuNA paMcca viyau / chuDu jAyau gamerU kaliyAlau, matacorakIrarAvAlau / chuDu kANaNi papphullu palAsau, pahiyahaM laggau virahahuyAsau / chuDu phulliu malliya phullohau, ramaNIryANa pasariu railohau / 28.14.1-7
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________________ jainavidyA AmravRkSa kaMTakita ho gayA, madhulakSmI ne AliMgana kara use grahaNa kara liyaa| zIghra caMpakavRkSa aMkuroM se aMcita ho uThA, mAno kAmuka harSa se romAMcita ho gyaa| azoka vRkSa kucha-kucha pallavita ho uThA mAno brahmArUpI citrakAra ne usakI racanA kI ho, zIghra hI maMdAra kI zAkhA pallavita ho gayI mAno caladala (pIpala) ko madhu ne navA diyA ho / zIghra namerU (punnAga vRkSa) kaliyoM se lada gayA aura matavAle cakora evaM kIr3oM kI dhvaniyoM se gUMja utthaa| zIghra hI kAnana meM TesUvRkSa khila gayA aura pathikoM ke lie virahAgni jalane lgii| prasiddha manovijJAna vettA "yuMga" ne Adi bimba (Archetypical image) kI bhI carcA kI hai / isakA sambandha vyakti ke AnuvaMzika saMskAroM se rahatA hai| isI prakAra kAvyabimba ko paraMparita rUpa-vidhAna, sAmayika rUpa-vidhAna, navya rUpa-vidhAna Adi koTiyoM meM vargIkRta kiyA gayA hai / kucha AlocakoM ne sAMskRtika, paurANika, aitihAsika, rAjanItika, Arthika, sAmAjika, vyAvasAyika, vaijJAnika, manovaijJAnika, bhAvAtmaka, guNAtmaka Adi dRSTikoNoM se bhI isakA vargIkaraNa kiyA hai| vastutaH yaha viSaya eka svatantra zodhaprabandha kI apekSA rakhatA hai| mahApurANa kA kavi eka sAmAnya racanAkAra mAtra nahIM hai apitu hai RtambharI prajJA kA prakAzapuJja, udgIya-gAyaka aura jyotirmaya jIvana kA draSTAsraSTA RSi / vaha kurUpatA, vidrUpatA evaM vinAza ke bhItara bhI saundarya, AsthA evaM maMgala kA darzana karatA hai / usakI ekamAtra kAmanA hai : - iha divvahu kavvahu taraNau phalau lahu jigaNAhu payacchau / siribharahahu arUhahu jahiM gamaNu pupphayaMtu tahiM gacchau / isa divya kAvya-sRjana kA phala jina-prabhu yahI deM ki jahA~ cakravartI bharata evaM bhagavAn arahanta kA gamana huA hai, vahIM merA gamana ho / 1. Ezra Pound : Literary Essays, Page 17 2. C.D. Lewis : The Poetic Image, Page 19 3. DaoN0 nagendra : kAvya bimba, pRSTha 45 4. grIvAbhaMgAbhirAgaM muhuranupatati spaMdane badRSTiH pazcArthena praviSTaH zarapatanabhayAdbhUyasA pUrvakAyam dauradhavilIDhaH zramavikRtamukhaM bhrazibhiH kIrNa vA pazyodgaplutanvA dviSati bahutaraM stokamukheM prayAti / 5. DaoN0 nagendra : kAvya-bimba, pRSTha 42-43 6. puSpadanta : mahApurANa, prastAvanA aMza, pRSTha 41, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana /
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________________ puSpadaMta aura sUradAsa (vAtsalya) - DaoN0 premasAgara jaina mAnava jIvana kI do pramukha vRttiyAM haiM - vAtsalya aura dAmpatya / inameM bhI hindI ke bhakti-kSetra ke kaviyoM ne dAmpatya para jitanA likhA, vAtsalya para nhiiN| eka mAtra sUra hI isa kSetra ke jagamagAte ratna haiN| yadyapi prAcAryoM ne vAtsalya ko pRthak rasa nahIM mAnA hai, kintu usameM kucha aisI camatkArika zakti hai, jisase kinhIM-kinhIM ne use pRthak rasa ke rUpa meM bhI svIkAra kiyA hai aura usakA sthAyI bhAva sneha mAnA hai| yadi isa dRSTi se dekhA jAya to jaina sAhitya meM vAtsalya rasa ke Alambana paMca parameSThI aura Azraya mA~-bApa tathA bhaktajana hoNge| pAlambana-gata ceSTAe~, kArya aura usa avasara para manAye jAnevAle utsavAdi uddIpana vibhAva ke antargata A jaayeNge| sUra ke bAda vAtsalya kA sarasa udghATana jaina hindI sAhitya meM hI huA hai| janma ke avasaroM para honevAle AkarSaka utsavoM kI chaTA ko to sUra bhI nahIM chU sake haiN| jaina sAhitya meM to pAlambana ke garbha meM Ane ke pahale hI kucha aisA vAtAvaraNa banAyA jAtA hai
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________________ 74 jainavidyA ki vatsa ke janma lene ke pUrva hI vAtsalya panapa uThatA hai| satrahavIM zatAbdI ke pANDe rUpacaMda ke paMcamaMgala, bhUdharadAsa ke pArzvapurANa aura jagarAma ke laghumaMgala se aisA siddha hai| pArzvapurANa meM to janmotsava kI jaisI chaTA aMkita hai vaisI samUce hindI sAhitya meM dekhane ko nahIM miltii| garbhotsava aura janmotsava jaina sAhitya kI apanI dena hai, vaha sUra-sAgara meM nahIM hai / sUradAsa meM garbhotsava to huA hI nahIM hai, jahA~ taka janmotsava kA sambandha hai sUra ne kRSNa-janma kI Ananda badhAI ke uparAnta hI "yazodA hari pAlane jhulAye" prArambha kara diyA hai| aisI dazA meM yaha svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ki jainahindI ke bAla-varNana para sUradAsa kA prabhAva thaa| sUradAsa kA jitanA dhyAna bAlaka kRSNa para jamA, bAlikA rAdhA para nhiiN| bAlikAoM kA manovaijJAnika varNana, sItA aura aMjanA ke rUpa meM jaina bhakti kAvyoM meM upalabdha hotA hai| rAyacandra ke "sItA carita" meM bAlikA sItA kI vividha dazAoM kA sarasa citra khIMcA gayA hai| "aMjanA sundarI rAsa" meM aMjanA kA bAla varNana bhI hRdayagrAhI hai / bAlikA sItA, maNimaya AMgana meM baiThI apane dIrghAyata netroM se cAroM ora dekha rahI hai, kintu jaba pitA janaka para naz2ara par3atI hai, to usake hoThoM para mIThI muskarAhaTa isa bhAMti chiTaka jAtI hai, jaise kisI bhakta ke hRdaya kI divya-jyoti hI ho| khambhoM meM par3ate usake mukha-kamala ke pratibimba ne kamaloM kI mAlA hI raca dI hai| aMjanA ko to usake mAM-bApa uMgalI pakar3akara calanA sikhAte haiM, kintu bAra-bAra vaha gira jAtI hai| vaha bholI A~khoM se pitA kI ora dekhatI hai aura ve usako cUmakara goda meM uThA lete haiN| isa uparyukta AdhAra para kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina hindI kA bAla-varNana apanI hI pUrva paramparA se anuprANita thaa| usa para sUradAsa kA prabhAva nahIM thaa| jaina saMskRta, prAkRta aura apabhraMza ke aneka graMtha tIrthaMkaroM, mahAtmAoM aura deviyoM ke bAla-varNana se yukta haiM / vahA~ vAtsalya bikharA par3A hai| jaina apabhraMza ke do prasiddha graMtha svayaMbhU kA paumacariu aura puSpadaMta kA mahApurANa tathA anya racanAe~ isa dizA kI mAnastambha haiN| ina graMthoM kA jaina hindI ke vAtsalya rasa para spaSTa prabhAva dekhA jA sakatA hai / yadi koI yaha kahe ki sUradAsa kA bAla-varNana bhI ina jaina kAvyoM se prabhAvita thA, to svIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| sUradAsa apanI hI nijI paramparA se prabhAvita the, jaina kAvyoM se nhiiN| ataH pro0 jagannAtha zarmA kA yaha kathana ki "hindI kA kauna kavi hai, jo pratyakSa yA apratyakSa rUpa se apabhraMza ke jaina prabandha kAvyoM se prabhAvita na hA ho|"3 aura DaoN0 rAmasiMha tomara kA likhanA ki - "ataH hama saMkSepa meM kaha sakate haiM ki hindI kI sabhI kAvya-paddhatiyoM kA spaSTa svarUpa hameM jaina kaviyoM dvArA prApta hotA hai|" mAnya nahIM hai| DaoN0 tomara ne apane kathana ko pramANita karane ke lie puSpadaMta ke mahApurANa aura sUradAsa ke sUrasAgara ke eka pada kI tulanA kI hai / vaha pada bAla-varNana se sambandhita hai jo isa prakAra hai.
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________________ jaina vidyA "sesava lIliyA kolamasIliyA / pahuraNA dAviyA keraNa raga bhAviyA || dhUli - ghusarU vavagaya afg | saha jAyaka vilakoMtalu jaDillu // surbrAha / ho hallaru jo jo suhaM paI paraNavaMtau ias rigajjhai dukkiya kA suvi maliguNa raga hoi maNu / / dhUlIdhUsaro kaDi kiMkiNI saro / rigaruva malIlau kIlai bAlaMu // bhUyagaNuM // bhaleraga / mahApurANa kahA~ lo varaNoM sundaratAi, khelata kuMvara kanaka zrAMgana meM, naina nirakhi chavi chAi / kulahi lasata sira syAma subhaga prati, bahuvidhi suraMga banAi / mAno navaghana Upara rAjata, maghavA dhanuSa car3hAI | prati sudeza mRdu harata cikura mana, mohana mukha bagarAi / khaMDita vacana deta pUrana sukha, ghuTuruna calata renu tana maMDita, alpa- zralpa jalapAi / sUradAsa bali jAi / / " - sUrasAgara 75 -- donoM ke hRdaya meM eka-se bhAva A sakate haiM, phira bhI aisA hU-bahU nahIM ho sakatA / yaha jaba hotA hai, to prathama kA dvitIya para prabhAva siddha ho hI jAtA hai / kintu kevala eka pada ke mila jAne bhara se itanI bar3I bAta nahIM kahI jA sakatI / yaha saca hai ki " vAtsalya rasa ke bhItara kI jitanI mAnasika vRttiyoM aura dazAoM kA anubhava aura pratyakSIkaraNa sUra kara sake, utanI kA aura koI nahIM / isakA kAraNa thA - mahAkAvya kA racayitA bAla-varNana meM adhika nahIM khapa sakatA, use kathAnaka ke sAtha Age bar3ha jAnA hotA hai / mahAkAvya samUce mAnava-jIvana ko lekara calatA hai, usake eka aMza ko lekara nahIM / bAla-pana samUce jIvana kA eka hissA bhara hI to hai / sUrasAgara mahAkAvya nahIM hai / vaha kRSNa ke bAla aura kaizorarUpa kI vividha manodazAoM kA muktaka zailI meM nirUpaNa hai / unheM vividha koraNoM se bAla-varNana ke citraraNa kA avasara thA / puSpadaMta mahAkAvya ke praNetA the / unheM kathA - prabandha kA nirvAha karanA thaa| isa bIca bAla- dazA ukerane kA jitanA avakAza ho sakatA thA, unhoMne diyaa| rAmacaritamAnasa ke racayitA tulasI ke sAtha bhI yahI bAta thI / ve rAma ke bAla rUpa ko vaisA aMkita na kara sake jaisA ki sUra ne kRSNa kA kiyA / isameM mahAkAvya kA kathA-pravAha bAdhaka thA / yadyapi puSpadaMta ne apanI kavitA ko jina caraNoM kI bhakti se hI sphurAyamANa mAnA hai, jIvikA nirvAha ke khayAla se nahIM, kintu jina bhakti adhyAtmamUlA hone ke kAraNa
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________________ jaina vidyA vivekayukta thI, korI bhAvAtmaka nahIM, ataH usameM bhAva kA jvAra nahIM thA / bhAva thA kintu uttapta lapalapAtI lahareM nahIM thiiN| isake atirikta jaina bhakta kaviyoM para paramparAnugatatA ne bhI aMkuza kA kAma kiyaa| prAkRta aura saMskRta ke jaina graMthoM meM tIrthaMkara ke garbha aura janma kA jaisA vivecana thA, vaisA hI apabhraMza aura hindI kI jaina racanAtroM meM upalabdha hotA hai / maulikatA kA avasara kama thA, phira bhI usameM eka aisA AkarSaNa thA, jo kabhI kama nahIM huA / bhASA ke bhinna hone mAtra se AkarSaNa kama nahIM ho jAtA / isake sAtha hI, paramparAgata hone para bhI bhASA ke racayitA ne kucha-na-kucha navonmeSa to kiyA hI hai / yadyapi bhUdharadAsa ke pArzvapurANa meM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAtha ke garma aura janma kA pUrvAnugata varNana hai, phira bhI usakI maulikatA se inkAra nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / isI bhAMti puSpadaMta ke mahApurANa ke Adiparva meM RSabhadeva ke garma aura janmotsavoM ke bhAvonmeSa se pAThaka vibhora hotA hI hai / usakA apanA AkarSaNa hai - eka bhinna koTi kA, jo sUra meM nahIM milatA / 76 " gAyakumAracariu" puSpadaMta kI eka mahattvapUrNa racanA hai / usameM nAgakumAra ke caritra para eka utkRSTa koTi kA sarasa prabandha-kAvya nibaddha hai / mahApuruSa ho athavA divyapuruSa, jaba vaha mAM ke udara meM AtA hai, to mAM svapna avazya dekhatI hai / ise kathArUr3ha hI mAnA jA sakatA hai / nAga kI mAM pRthvIdevI ne pAMca svapna dekhe - unmatta hAthI, vajra samAna nakhoM kI koTi se hAthiyoM ko mAranevAlA hari arthAt siMha, magaroM se calAyamAna bhayaMkara ratnAkara, zazi - dinakara aura vikasita kamaloM se yukta sarovara / usa samaya yogI muni pihitAzrava se isa svapna kA phala pUchA gayA, to unhoMne kahA ki tumhAre "mAriNariNahiyayaharu sisu kusumasaru tumhahaeN dIhi mi hosai / " 10 arthAta mAniniyoM ke hRdaya ko haranevAlA kAmadeva jaisA putra hogA / mAtA ke udara meM jaba putra AyA, to devI kA mukha kamala pIlA dikhAI dene lagA, mAno vaha putra ke yaza ke prasAra se dhavala ho gayA ho| apane nIce girane ke bhaya se bhI hokara usake stana mukha, durjana mukha ke samAna kAle par3a gaye / yahA~ mahApurANa ke tIrthaMkara RSabhadeva jaisA garbhotsava kA vivecana nahIM hai / nAgakumAra tIrthaMkara nahIM the zAyada isI kAraNa / - nAgakumAra ke janma aura janmotsava kA varNana kAvya - sauMdarya se yukta hai / kavi ne likhA hai - jisaprakAra purA kavi (vAlmIki) kI buddhi se kAvyArtha utpanna huA tathA devakI se dAmodara aura zivadevI se pArzva jinendra, usI prakAra pRthvI mahAdevI se nAgakumAra utpanna hue . 2 dUsare sthAna para kavi kA kathana hai - putra kAmadeva kA avatAra thA / usake janma ke samaya dazoM dizAoM ke mukha nirmala ho gaye, vana phala-phUla phUla uThe, pratyeka upavana meM vasanta kAla pragaTa huA, jana-jana meM santoSa bar3hA, narantara meM nATaka rasa kA saMcAra huA tathA ghara-ghara meM jaya kA nagAr3A baja uThA / RSiyoM kA hRdaya bhI rAga se raMjita ho uThA / sampUrNa nagara
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________________ janavidyA sukha-saubhAgya se bhara gayA / koyaloM kA kala-kala rava saba ora dhvanita hone lgaa| virahIjana viraha kI jvAlA se jala utthe| bhauMroM kI paMkti aisI madhura runajhuna dhvani karane lagI mAno kAmadeva ke dhanuSa kI pratyaMcA jhanajhanA rahI ho| maMgalamaya dhavala vastroM se susajjita vilAsinI striyoM ne sAmUhika rUpa se vilAsamaya nRtya kiyaa| dInajana dAna se Anandita kiye gaye / bandIjana bandIgRha se mukta kara diye gaye / 13 sAMsArika dRSTi se bhagavAn vahI hai, jo zaktisampanna ho - alaukika zakti kA dhanI ho, jo janasAdhAraNa ko kAla ke krUra thaper3oM se bacA sake, jo duSTa puruSoM aura bhayaMkara darindoM se rakSA kara sake, jo sarva zaktivAn ho / saMsAra zakti-pUjaka hai aura vaha bhagavAn usI ko mAnatA hai, jo AzcaryakArI zaktiyoM kA puMja ho / bhagavAn ke sambandha meM yaha mAnyatA sArvabhauma hai / sUradAsa ke gvAla-bAla kRSNa ko tabhI bhagavAn mAna sake, jaba unhoMne durdAnta kAliya nAga ko nAtha liyaa| usa samaya ve bAlaka mAtra the, puruSa nahIM / tabhI unhoMne yaha asambhava-sA laganevAlA kArya kara dikhAyA thaa| "NAyakumAracariu" meM nAgakumAra kA caritra bhI isI prakAra kA hai| yahA~ khelatA huA bAlaka, akasmAt vApI (bAvar3I) meM jA girA, DarA nahIM, royA nahIM, cIkhA-cillAyA nahIM, apitu vahA~ maujUda eka maNidhArI sarpa ke pharaNa para jA baitthaa| usane viSadhara kI maNi meM apanA pratibimba dekhA, to samajhA ki koI dUsarA zizu hai, ataH usase khelane lgaa| vaha apane karatala se nAga ke mukha aura dAr3hoM ko chUtA rahA, haMsatA rahA - nirbhIka aura niDara / puSpadaMta sUradAsa ke pUrvavartI the / kama-se-kama pAMca sau varSa kA antarAla to thA hii| kintu isakA yaha artha nahIM hai ki sUradAsa ke kAliya nAga kI kathA puSpadaMta se prabhAvita thii| merI dRSTi meM prAcIna aura madhyakAlIna kAvyoM meM nAga ko nAthane kI kathA eka kathArUr3hi sI ho gaI thii| koI kisI se prabhAvita nahIM thaa| puSpadaMta aura sUradAsa ke bAla-varNana meM vahI antara hai, jo anya jaina kaviyoM aura sUra-paramparA ke kaviyoM meM hai| jaina kAvyoM meM garbha aura janma kA jaisA manohArI varNana hai, vaha pAlaMkArika hote hue bhI sarasa hai| netrahIna hote hue bhI sUradAsa ne kRSNa kI bAla aura kaizora lIlAoM kA jaisA citrAMkana kiyA, jaina kaviyoM meM kahIM upalabdha nahIM hotaa| isake atirikta sUradAsa ke bAla-varNana meM jo bhAva-vibhoratA hai, vaha jaina kAvyoM meM nhiiN| donoM ke bhakti-darzana meM bhinnatA thii| jaina kavi adhyAtma-mUlA bhakti ko lekara cale, jabaki sUra kore bhakti-bhAva ke upAsaka the / adhyAtma-mUlA bhakti meM jahA~ viveka barakarAra rahatA hai vahA~ korI bhakti meM bhAva andhar3a kI taraha bahatA hai, sAtha hI pAThaka baha jAtA hai aura phira rIjaniMga/tarka-saMgatatA bhI baha jAtI hai| jaina kaviyoM meM bhI bhakti thI, bhAvonmeSa thA, kintu use unhoMne nazA kabhI nahIM bnaayaa| 1. rAyacanda, sItA carita, jaina siddhAMta bhavana, pArA kI hastalikhita prati, 1.126. - pRSTha 11 2. aMjanA sundarI rAsa, jaina siddhAnta bhavana, pArA kI hastalikhita prati, 2.35 pRSTha 43
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________________ 78 jainavidyA 3. pro0 jagannAtha zarmA, apabhraMza darpaNa, pRSTha 25 4. DaoN0 rAmasiMha tomara, jaina apabhraMza sAhitya kI hindI sAhitya ko dena, premI abhinandana graMtha, pRSTha 468 5. bhramaragIta sAra, paM0 rAmacandra zukla sampAdita, dvitIya saMskaraNa, kAzI, bhUmikA, pRSTha 2 6. majhu kaittugu jiNapayabhattihe, pasarai Nai jiNajIviyavittiheM-puSpadaMta, uttara puraann| 7. bhUdharadAsa, pArzvapurANa, bambaI, dvi0 vR0, vi0 saM0 1975, 5/80-88, pRSTha 83-84 8. puSpadaMta, NAyakumAracariu, DA0 hIrAlAla jaina sampAdita, bhAratIya jJAnapITha, vi0 saM0 2029, dvitIyAvRtti / 9. NAyakumAracariu, bhAratIya jJAnapITha prakAzana, dvitIyAvRtti 2.7.5, pRSTha 26 10. vahI, 2.8.10. pRSTha 28 11. vahI, 2.8.11, pRSTha 28 12. vahI, 2.9.10, pRSTha 28 13. NAyakumAracariu, 2.12.10, pRSTha 32 -adedbe ......""jahiM ahiMsa tahiM dhammu girattau / jahiM arahaMtadeu tahi saMyamahu, jahiM muNivaru tahiM iMdiyariNaggahu // artha - jahA~ ahiMsA hai vahA~ nizcaya se dharma hai / jahA~ arahantadeva haiM vahAM saMyama hai aura jahA~ munivara haiM vahA~ indriyanigraha hai| - ma. pu. 28. 21. 9-10
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________________ jaina rAmakathAoM ke pariprekSya puSpadanta kI rAmakathA -suzrI prIti jaina " rAmakathA bhAratIya vAGmaya kA atyadhika vyApaka, atipriya, zraddhAspada evaM rucikara viSaya rahA hai| rAma kA anUThA vyaktitva sadaiva hI bhAratIya janamAnasa ke AkarSaNa kA bindu rahA hai| unakA caritra lokaraMjaka to rahA hI hai sAtha hI bhoga-vilAsa se pare AdhyAtmika jAgRti hetu eka mazAla/prakAzastambha bhI hai| sAhitya-jagat unake Adarza va adbhuta vyaktitva se itanA abhibhUta rahA hai ki sadiyoM se sAhitya kI pratyeka vidhA meM rAmakathA kI dhArA avicchinna rUpa se pravAhita hai| saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraza Adi prAcIna bhASAoM, loka bhASAoM evaM vibhinna prAntIya bhASAoM meM bhI rAmaviSayaka uccakoTi kI sAhityika racanAe~ prApta hotI haiN| purANa-mahApurANa, kAvya, nATaka, upanyAsa, kathAkahAnI Adi sabhI sAhityika vidhAoM meM rAmakathA gumphita hai| jaina-vaidika-bauddha Adi dhArmika sAhitya meM bhI rAmakathA ko pUrNa prazraya prApta hai| yadyapi ina dhArmika, sAhityika paramparAoM meM yaha kathA vibhinna rUpoM meM prApta hotI hai tathApi ina saba meM rAma ko eka Adarza mAnava ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| maryAdA puruSottama vizeSaNa se vibhUSita rAma kI kathA janamAnasa meM itanI adhika lokapriya aura samAdRta rahI hai ki usakA nirUpaNa na kevala bhAratIya apitu videzI sAhitya meM bhI pUrNa zraddhA va sammAna ke sAtha vyApaka/vistRta rUpa meM prApta hotA hai /
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________________ 80 janavidyA jainaparamparA meM rAma tresaTha zalAkA-puruSoM meM AThaveM vAsudeva ke rUpa meM mAnya haiM isIliye unakA jIvanacarita mahApurANoM meM jinheM triSaSThizalAkApuruSacarita bhI kahA jAtA hai, anusyUta hai| prAcArya jinasena-guNabhadra kRta saMskRta-mahApurANa evaM mahAkavi puSpadanta kRta apabhraMza mahApurANa meM bhI rAmakathA sutarAM aMkita hai| mahApurANoM ke atirikta svatantra-rUpa se rAma ke jIvana-carita para AdhArita grantha bhI bahulatA se prApta haiN| jainaparamparA meM rAma ko "padma" nAma se bhI abhihita kiyA gayA hai| isI kAraNa janarAmakathA padmapurANa, padmacarita, paumacariu Adi nAma se upalabdha hai| jainasAhitya meM rAmakathA kA prathama saMketa nAmAvalIbaddha hai, isameM rAma ke vaMzajoM ke nAmollekha mAtra hI haiM / / rAmakathA kA sarvAdhika prAcIna vizada AkhyAna prAcArya vimalasUri ke prAkRta "paumacariu" (IsA kI prathama zatAbdI) meM prApta hotA hai| tatpazcAt IsA kI sAtavIM zatAbdI meM prAcArya raviSeNa ne saMskRtabhASI "padmacarita" kI racanA kI jo prAcArya vimalasUri ke "paumacariu" kA chAyAnuvAda kahA jA sakatA hai| apabhraMza bhASA ke mahAkavi svayaMbhU kRta "paumacariu" AThavIM zatAbdI kI racanA hai| upayukta tInoM grantha mukhyataH rAmakathA para AdhArita haiN| mahApurANoM meM pramukhataH saMskRta mahApurANa muNabhadra (navama zatAbdI) dvArA racita hai aura apabhraMza mahApurANa mahAkavi puSpadanta (dasavIM zatAbdI) kI racanA hai| isa prakAra jainaparamparA meM tInoM prAcIna bhASAoM meM rAmakathAviSayaka sAhitya sRjana huA hai| jainarAmakathA do dhArAtroM meM upalabdha hai / eka dhArA meM vimalasUri, raviSeNa va svayaMbhU dvArA mAnya aura dUsarI dhArA meM guNabhadra va puSpadanta dvArA mAnya kathAeM haiN| yahA~ AcArya guNabhadra kRta uttarapurANa va mahAkavi puSpadanta kRta mahApurANa kI rAmakathA para vicAra karanA abhISTa hai / prathamataH guNabhadra kRta rAmakathA prastuta hai - AcArya guNabhadra ne rAma ke tIna bhava pUrva kI ghaTanA para prakAza DAlate hue rAmakathA kA prArambha kiyA hai - candracUla ratnapura ke rAjA prajApati kA putra thaa| maMtrIputra vijaya usakA samavayaska mitra thaa| atyadhika sneha se pAlita hone ke kAraNa ve donoM kumAra durvyasanI va durAcArI ho gye| unhoMne zreSThIkumAra zrIdatta kI bhAvI vadhU ko apane adhIna karane kI ceSTA kii| unake isa duSkRtya se rAjya kI sArI prajA kSubdha ho utthii| pariNAmataH unheM rAjya se nirvAsita kara diyA gayA (ma0 pu0 67.117) / donoM kumAroM ne AtmaglAnivaza virakta hokara dIkSA grahaNa kara lI (67.135) / tapazcaryApUrvaka Ayu samApta kara rAjaputra candracUla svarga meM maNicUladeva va maMtrIputra vijaya svarNacUladeva hue / cirakAla taka svargIya sukhoM kA upabhoga karane ke bAda Ayu pUrNa kara svarNacUladeva banArasa ke rAjA dazaratha kI subAlA nAma kI rAnI se phAlguna kRSNA trayodazI ko putrarUpa meM utpanna hue jinheM 'rAma' nAma se abhihita kiyA gayA (67.149) / maNicUladeva dazaratha kI dUsarI rAnI kekayI se putrarUpa meM utpanna hue jinakA nAma "lakSmaNa" rakhA gyaa| kucha samaya pazcAt rAjA dazaratha ayodhyA cale gye| vahIM para rAjA kI tRtIya patnI (jinakA nAmollekha nahIM hai) se bharata va zatrughna nAmaka do putra hue| aparimita zaktizAlI rAma va lakSmaNa jaba yuvA hue to sarvatra unakI kIrti kA prasAra hone lgaa|
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________________ janavidyA 81 mithilA ke tatkAlIna rAjA janaka ne eka yajJa kA anuSThAna krvaayaa| yuvarAja rAma va lakSmaNa ko yajJarakSArtha samartha jAnakara janaka ne dazaratha ke pAsa, unheM mithilA bhejane hetu nimantraNa bhejA aura apanI pAlitA putrI sItA ke sAtha "rAma" ke vivAha kA prastAva kahalavAyA (67.179-80) / sItA apane pUrvabhava meM sthAlaMka nagara ke rAjA amitavega kI putrI maNimati ke rUpa meM thii| eka dina vaha vana meM vidyAsiddhi hetu sAdhanArata thii| usI samaya dAkSiNAtyanagara meghakUTa ke rAjA pulastya va rAnI meghazrI kA putra rAvaNa apanI patnI mandodarI ke sAtha vahA~ vanabihAra ke lie aayaa| usa anindya sundarI maNimati ko dekha rAvaNa mohita ho gayA aura durlakSya meM pravRtta hokara maNimati kI sAdhanA meM vighna karane lgaa| sAdhanArata maNimati vighna ke kAraNa kruddha ho utthii| usane nidAna kiyA ki maiM isa durbuddhi rAjA kI putrI hokara isakA sarvanAza karUM (68.16) / isa nidAna ke phalasvarUpa vaha mandodarI se putrIrUpa meM utpanna huii| usake janma ke samaya para hue bhUkampa Adi upadravoM ke AdhAra se nimittajJAniyoM ne batAyA ki yaha bAlikA apane pitA rAvaNa ke sarvanAza kA kAraNa bnegii| apane bhAvI sarvanAza kI AzaMkA se bhayabhIta rAvaNa ne usI samaya usa sarvanAzI navAgatA putrI ke niSkAsana hetu AjJA dii| rAjAjJA ke anusAra eka maMjUSA meM pracura dhana ke sAtha usa sadyaHprasUtA bAlikA ko rakhakara mithilA ke samIpa udyAna meM rakha diyA gyaa| __ mithilA ke rAjA janaka ne udyAna se prApta usa kanyA ko "sItA" nAma se saMbodhita kiyA aura atyanta guptarUpa se putrIvat pAlanakara usake guNoM kI abhivRddhi kii| rAvaNa ko usa bAlikA ke sambandha meM kucha bhI smaraNa/jJAna na rahA / yajJa - anuSThAna ke samaya rAjA janaka ne rAvaNa ko Amantrita bhI nahIM kiyA / rAjA dazaratha ne caturaMgiNI senA se vibhUSita rAma va lakSmaNa ko rAjA janaka dvArA sampAdya yajJa kI rakSArtha bhejA (68.28-30) / yajJa kI vidhivat nirvighna samApti ke bAda rAjA janaka ne sItA ke sAtha yuvarAja rAma kA vivAha sampanna karAyA (68.31-34) / vivAhoparAnta rAma sItA ke sAtha ayodhyA lauTa Aye / sudIrgha paramparA se prApta banArasa rAjya ko punaH apane saMrakSaNa meM lene hetu rAma va lakSmaNa pitA dazaratha kI AjJA prApta kara banArasa cale gaye (68.77-80) aura kuzalatApUrvaka prajApAlana karane lge| eka dina nArada ne Akara garvonmatta rAvaNa ko bahakAyA ki rAjA janaka ne yajJa ke bahAne dazarathaputra rAma ko apane yahAM bulAkara apanI ananyasundarI putrI sItA ke sAtha usakA vivAha karA diyaa| nArada sItA ke saundarya kI atizaya prazaMsA karate hue kahane lage ki vaha strIratna to sarvathA tumhAre upayukta thA kintu rAjA janaka ne use tumheM pradAna na kara rAma ke samakSa tumheM avamAnita kiyA hai (68.94-99) / bhramitabuddhi rAvaNa saundaryaprazaMsA sunakara hI sItA ke prati Asakta hone lagA / abhimAna se abhiSikta rAvaNa samajhane lagatA hai ki vaha bhAgyazAlinI bhAgyahInoM ke pAsa rahane lAyaka nahIM hai, eka mAtra maiM hI
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________________ jaividyA usake yogya hU~ (68.103) / ataH usane usa balahIna rAma se sItA ko balAt chIna lAne kA saMkalpa kiyaa| usake isa prakAra nItivihIna nirNaya ko jAnakara sabhAsad nAnAvidha samajhAte rahe para dunizcayI rAvaNa ko unakI salAha mAnya na huii| anta meM maMtrI mArIca ke anurodha para sItA kA mAnasa jAMcane hetu apanI bahina sUrpaNakhA ko dUtI banAkara bhejA aura usase kisI bhI prakAra sItA ko apane prati Asakta karavAne kA Agraha kiyA (68.124) / sUrpaNakhA avilamba AkAzamArga se vArANasI ke citrakUTa vana meM pahu~cI aura avasara dekhakara vRddhA kA rUpa dharakara vana meM vihAra kara rahI sItA ke sammukha pragaTa huii| vaha apane uddezya kI pUrti hetu sItA se cATukAritApUrvaka vArtAlApa karane lagI parantu sItA ke vidvattApUrNa, dRr3ha dhArmika AsthAyukta vacana sunakara sUrpaNakhA ne samajha liyA ki sItA ke mana ko calAyamAna karanA sarvathA asaMbhava hai| usane lauTakara rAvaNa se yaha tathya prakaTa kiyA, yaha jAnakara rAvaNa khinna ho uThA (68.182) / vaha mArIca ko sAtha le, vimAna meM ArUr3ha ho citrakUTa vana meM pahu~ca gayA / vahA~ rAvaNa kI AjJA se mArIca maNimaya mRgazAvaka kA rUpa dhara sItA ke sammukha prakaTa huA (68.197) / usa manohArI zAvaka para mohita ho sItA ne rAma se use prApta karane kA Agraha kiyaa| rAma usa mRgazAvaka ko pakar3ane ke lie ge| pIche se rAvaNa rAma kA chadmarUpa banAkara pAyA aura sItA se kahA ki tumhArA vAMchita mRga prAsAda meM tumhArI pratIkSA kara rahA hai, calo prAsAda meM caleM, yaha kahakara rAvaNa ne use vimAna meM baiThA liyA aura laMkA le gyaa| vahA~ apane yathArtharUpa meM pratyAvartita hokara usane apanA mantavya prakaTa kiyaa| sItA usakI yathArthatA va dUrabhiprAya jAnakara duHkha se mUcchita ho gii| rAvaNa ne sItA kA sparza nahIM kiyA kyoMki zIlavatI parastrI ke sparza se usakI AkAzagAminI vidyA naSTa ho jaatii| citrakUTa vana meM vaha mAyAvI mRgazAvaka kAphI samaya taka rAma ke hAtha nahIM AyA aura phira uchalakara AkAza meM calA gayA (68.201-2) / mRga kA anugamana karate hue saMdhyA ho gii| parivArajana rAma va sItA ko khojane lage para usa saghanavana meM ekAkI rAma hI mile, sItA nahIM / sItA ke bAre meM koI sUcanA prApta na hone para rAma mUcchita ho gaye (68.238-42) / ayodhyA meM rAjA dazaratha ko eka duHsvapna dvArA jJAta huA ki rAvaNa ne sItA kA haraNa kara liyA hai / unhoMne dUta ke sAtha yaha samAcAra banArasa bhejA (68.248) / janaka, bharata, zatrughna, sabhI rAma ko dhairya baMdhAne aaye| sabhI ne milakara sItA ko rAvaNa ke caMgula se nikAlane kI yuktiyoM para vicAra-vimarza kiyA aura rAma ke zaraNAgata do vidyAdhara kumAra sugrIva va aNumAn meM se aNumAn ko sItA kI khabara lAne hetu bhejA (68.287-89) / aNumAn ne laMkA pahu~cakara bhramara kA rUpa banAyA aura sItA ko khojane lgaa| nandanavana meM sItA ko dekhakara punaH rUpa parivartana kara vAnara kA rUpa dhara sItA ke sammukha gayA aura rAma kA saMdeza dekara unheM Azvasta kiyA ki vaha rAma kA hI dUta hai koI mAyAvI chaliyA nahIM / lauTakara rAma ko sItA kA vRttAMta sunaayaa|
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________________ jainavidyA 83 mandodarI sItA ke zarIragata cihnoM ko dekhakara pahacAna gayI ki yaha merI bAlapana hI parityaktA putrI hai / use dekhakara mandodarI snehAsikta ho uThI aura putrI se bolI- beTI, cAhe mRtyu kA varaNa kara lenA para rAvaNa kA manoratha pUrNa mata karanA (68.352 ) / rAma ne aNumAn ko saMdhi- prastAva lekara punaH vibhISaNa ke pAsa bhejA / vibhISaNa ne bhI rAvaNa ko samajhAyA para madAndha rAvaNa na mAnA / rAvaNa ke durAgraha ke kAraNa vibhISaNa unheM chor3akara rAma kI zaraNa meM A gayA ( 68.499-500 ) / saMdhi prastAvoM ko svIkAra kiye jAne para antataH donoM pakSoM kI senAoM meM bhISaNa yuddha huA / bhArI raktapAta ke pazcAt lakSmaNa ne rAvaNa kA zirazchedana kara diyA (68.628-29) 1 rAma ne mandodarI Adi rAniyoM ko dhairya baMdhAyA / laMkA kA samasta vijita rAjya va vaibhava vibhISaNa ko pradAna kiyA aura nirdoSa sItA ko svIkAra kara vahA~ se vihAra kiyA / uttaratra bayAlIsa varSoM taka digvijaya yAtrA kara arddha cakravartI bana ve ayodhyA lakSmaNa pRthvIsundarI Adi solaha hajAra rAniyoM va rAma ne ATha hajAra rAniyoM sahita vaibhava ke sAtha rAjya kiyA / kucha samaya pazcAt rAma va lakSmaNa, bharata va zatrughna ko ayodhyA kA rAjya pradAna kara vArANasI lauTa Aye / kucha samaya bAda lakSmaNa kI mRtyu ho gayI / bhrAtR-viyoga se santapta rAma ne sAMsArika bhogoM se virakta hokara lakSmaNa ke putra ko vArANasI kA rAjya pradAna kiyaa| sItA ke prATha putroM meM vijayarAma Adi sAta bar3e putroM dvArA rAjya lene se iMkAra kiye jAne para kaniSTha putra prajitaMjaya ko mithilA kA rAjya pradAna kiyA aura svayaM ne dIkSA dhAraNa kara lI / unake sAtha praNumAn, sugrIva, vibhISaNa, pA~ca sau anya rAjAoM va unake eka sau assI putroM ne bhI dIkSA dhAraNa kii| munidazA meM 395 varSa vyatIta hone ke bAda rAma ko kevalajJAna prakaTa huA ( 68.715-16 ) / kevalajJAna ke prakaTa hone ke 600 varSa pazcAt rAma va zraNumAn ko siddha-pada prApta huA / sItA va pRthvIsundarI Adi acyuta svarga meM gayIM / isa prakAra AcArya guNabhadra kRta uttarapurANa meM rAmakathA kI saritA pravAhita hai / isake pariprekSya meM isI ke samAnAntara apabhraMzabhASI mahAkavi puSpadaMta racita mahApurANa meM samAhita rAmakathA prastuta hai - mahAkavi puSpadaMta bhI rAmakathA kA prArambha rAma ke tIna bhava pUrva ke prasaMga se karate haiM ( apabhraMza ma0pu0 69.4 ) / tathya va ghaTanAoM kA nirUpaNa usI prakAra kA hai / isameM bhI rAjaputra candracUla, tadanantara maNicUla, uttaratra lakSmaNa tathA maMtrIputra vijaya, svarNacUla va rAma kI paramparA prApta hotI hai ( 69.10 ) / puSpadaMta ne bhI rAjA dazaratha ko vArANasI kA zAsaka batAte hue subAlA nAma kI rAnI se hI rAma kA tathA kekayI se hI lakSmaraNa kA janma honA batAyA hai ( ma.pu. 69.12 ) / uttarapurANa kI bhA~ti hI puSpadaMta ke kathAnaka meM bhI kucha samaya pazcAt rAjA dazaratha
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________________ jaina vidyA ayodhyA kA rAjya saMbhAlate haiM / ayodhyA meM hI unakI tIsarI rAnI se bharata tathA caturtha rAnI se zatrughna kA janma hotA hai ( 69.14 ) / yahA~ puSpadaMta ke kathAnaka meM AcArya guNabhadra ke kathAnaka se kiMcit asamAnatA dRSTigata hotI hai / guNabhadra ne dazaratha kI tIna rAniyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai aura batAyA hai ki tIsarI rAnI hI bharata va zatrughna kI janmadAtrI thI, puSpadaMta ne cAra rAniyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai aura unake anusAra bharata va zatrughna kA janma pRthak-pRthak rAniyoM se hotA hai / para yahA~ donoM meM eka samAnatA bhI hai, donoM hI kavi mAtra do hI rAniyoM ke nAma spaSTa karate haiM, zeSa ke nahIM / 84 apabhraMza mahApurANa meM bhI mithilA ke rAjA janaka yajJa- rakSArthaM rAma-lakSmaNa ko AmaMtrita karate haiM aura apanI pAlitA putrI sItA kA rAma ke sAtha vivAha karate haiM (69.15) / isa mahApurANa ke anusAra sItA apane pUrva bhava meM alakApurI ke rAjA kI putrI maNivatI ke rUpa meM thI jabaki guNabhadra ke anusAra vaha sthAlakanagara kI janma se nirvAsana taka kA zeSa ghaTanAkrama donoM mahApurANoM meM samAnarUpa se prApta hotA hai (70.6-7) I rAjaputrI thii| sItA ke puSpadaMta kI rAmakathA meM ullekha hai ki bAlikA sItA ke parityAga ke samaya maMjUSA meM navajAta bAlikA va dhana ke sAtha eka patra bhI rakhA gayA jisameM likhA thA ki yaha bAlA rAvaNa kI putrI hai aura isakA nAma sItA hai / yahA~ sahaja jijJAsA hotI hai ki jaba pitRgRha meM hI usa bAlikA kA "sItA" abhidhAna ho gayA thA to svAbhAvika hai ki rAvaNa bhI usa nAma se paricita rahA hI hogA aura jaba nArada usake samakSa sItA ke saundarya kA varNana karatA hai taba tathA tatrottara anya ghaTanAoM ke daurAna kyA rAvaNa ko eka bAra bhI parityaktA/nirvAsitA putrI "sItA" kA smaraNa / dhyAna nahIM AyA ? kyA use yaha AbhAsa nahIM huA ki mere bhI "sItA" nAma kI putrI thI jo mere vinAza kA kAraNa batAI gaI thI, saMbhava hai yaha "sItA" vahI ho ataH maiM isakA apaharaNa na karU' athavA apaharaNa karane ke bAda bhI lauTA dUM ? maMjUSA se sItA kI prApti, janaka dvArA usakA pAlana-poSaNa, yajJa kI nirvighna samApti para dazarathaputra rAma ke sAtha usakA vivAha Adi ghaTanAe~ guNabhadra kI rAmakathA ke samAna hI haiM (70.9-13 ) / rAma dvArA vArANasI ke rAjya ko punaH hastagata karanA, yuddhapriya nArada dvArA sItA ke saundarya varNana ko sunakara rAvaNa kA bhramita honA bhI samAnatAyukta hai (70.16-17 ) / isI prakAra rAvaNa kA sItA para prAsakta ho jAnA, nAnAvidha samajhAye jAne para bhI apanA durAgraha na chor3anA, apanI bahana candranakhA ko sItA kI manodazA parakhane va apane prati Asakta karavAne hetu banArasa bhejanA, usakA apane uddezya meM asaphala hokara lauTa AnA Adi tathya bhI samAnatA lie hue haiM parantu guNabhadra kRta uttarapurANa meM rAvaNa kI bahina kA nAma sUrpaNakhA batAyA gayA hai aura puSpadaMta kRta mahApurANa meM candranakhA / tadanantara rAvaNa mArIca ke sAtha vArANasI jAte haiM / mArIca mAyAvI mRgazAvaka ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai, svayaM rAvaNa rAma kA rUpa banAkara AtA hai aura chala se sItA kA
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________________ 85 jainavidyA apaharaNa kara letA hai / yahA~ kicit kathAvaiSamya hai / puSpadaMta ne batAyA hai ki rAma mAyAvI mRgazAvaka kA anugamana karate haiM, zAvaka kucha dUra taka jAne ke bAda rAvaNa ke pAsa lauTa AtA hai / rAvaNa rAma kA rUpa dhAraNakara usa mRgazAvaka ko lekara sItA ke pAsa AtA hai aura use vaha mRgazAvaka dikhAkara vimAna meM baiThA letA hai, sItA vAMchita mRga va rAma ko dekhakara vimAna meM baiTha jAtI hai aura isa prakAra pravaMcanA se rAvaNa usakA apaharaNa kara letA hai (72.5 ) jabaki guraNabhadra ne sItA ke sammukha dobArA mRgazAvaka ko nahIM dikhAyA hai / laMkA pahu~cane para rAvaNa ke durabhiprAya kA jJAna, usake lie punaH punaH durAgraha karanA, navIna prastAva rakhanA, pralobhana denA, mandodarI dvArA putrI ko pahacAna lenA Adi tathya bhI donoM meM samAna rUpa se prApta hote haiM ( 72.8 ) / isI prakAra rAma kA viraha, dazaratha ke dUta dvArA sItA apaharaNa kA jJAna, apahartA ke bAre meM jAnakArI (73.3-5 ) tathA hanumAn ke dUta kArya sambandhI tathya bhI donoM mahApurANoM meM samAnatA lie hue haiM / guNabhadra ke mahApurANa ke samAna hI puSpadaMta ke mahApurANa meM bhI vibhISaNa apane bhAI rAvaNa ko samajhAtA hai para rAvaNa apanI haTha para aDiga rahatA hai taba vibhISaNa rAvaNa kA sAtha chor3akara nyAyapakSa svIkAra kara rAma kI zaraNa grahaNa karatA hai (74.9-12 ) / rAvaraNa saMdhi - prastAva ko asvIkAra kara detA hai / pariNAmasvarUpa bhISaNa yuddha hotA hai / ina saba ghaTanAoM meM samAnatA hai, para yuddha-varNana meM kathaMcit bheda prApta hotA hai / puSpadaMta ( kI rAmakathA ) ke yuddha-varNana meM rAvaNa rAma ko bhayabhIta karane hetu indrajAla dikhAtA hai jisameM mAyAvI yuddha meM sItA - maraNa kI mAyA dikhA kara rAma ko bhramita karanA cAhatA hai / yaha kathAMza guraNabhadra kI rAmakathA meM nahIM hai / agre lakSmaNa dvArA rAvaNa kA vadha hotA hai tatpazcAt laMkA vijaya kara samasta vaibhava va rAjya vibhISaNa ko pradAna kara ( 78.28 - 29 ) rAma-lakSmaNa Adi vizvavijaya hetu prayANa karate haiN| bayAlIsa varSa pazcAt trikhaNDapRthvI jItakara ve ayodhyA lauTate haiM (79.4) jahA~ rAma-lakSmaNa kA rAjyAbhiSeka kiyA jAtA hai| donoM sukhapUrvaka rAjya karate haiM / taba dazaratha kI mRtyu ho jAne para ( 79.9.4 ) bharata zatrughna ko ayodhyA kA rAjya pradAna kara rAma-lakSmaNa banArasa lauTa Ate haiM / yahA~ donoM mahApurANoM kI kathA meM tathyabhinnatA prApta hotI hai / guNabhadra ke purANa meM dazaratha-mRtyu kA saMketa nahIM milatA jabaki puSpadaMta ke purANa meM rAma-lakSmaNa dvArA trikhaNDapRthvI jItakara Ane ke bAda dazaratha kI mRtyu kA ullekha prApta hotA hai / banArasa pAne ke kucha varSoM bAda lakSmaNa kI mRtyu ho jAtI hai / lakSmaNa kI nidhana - tithi ke sambandha meM donoM rAmakathAoM meM bhinnatA hai / guNabhadra mAgha mAsa kI amAvasyA ke dina lakSmaNa kA nidhana honA batAte haiM jabaki puSpadaMta mAgha kI pUrNimA ( 79.11 ) ko / bhrAtR-viyoga ke pazcAt rAma lakSmaNa ke putra pRthvIcanda ko vArANasI kA rAjya pradAna karate haiM aura rAma ke sAta bar3e putra vijayarAma Adi rAjya sampadA lenA asvIkAra
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________________ jaina vidyA kara dete haiM taba kaniSTha putra prajitaMjaya hI mithilA kA rAjya saMbhAlatA hai aura rAma dIkSA dhAraNa kara lete haiM / ye saba tathya samAnarUpa se dRSTigocara hote haiM / parantu donoM kathAnakoM meM rAma kI dIkSA ke pazcAt munidazA - kAla ko lekara kucha bhinnatA hai / puSpadaMta ne munidazA kI sthiti 345 varSa va kevalajJAna ke bAda kI sthiti 650 varSa batAI hai jabaki guNabhadra ne kramaza: 395 va 600 varSa kA samaya batAyA hai phira bhI dIkSA ke pazcAt zrAyu samApti taka ke varSoM kA yoga donoM meM samAna ( 995 varSa) hI hai| rAma va hanumAn kevalajJAna prApta kara sammedazikhara se siddha pada prApta karate haiM (yahA~ dhyAtavya hai ki puSpadaMta va guNabhadra donoM ne hI rAma kA nirvANa sammedazikhara parvata se batAyA hai, jabaki nirvANakANDa pATha, jo ki prAkRtabhASI prAcIna gAthAbaddha kavitA hai, meM ullekha hai ki tuMgagiri se rAma mokSa gae) / sItA va pRthvIsundarI devagati prApta karatI haiM / 86 isa prakAra kucha sAmAnya tathyAtmaka bhinnatAoM ke atirikta donoM mahApurANoM kI rAmakathA meM prAya: samAnatA hai| donoM kathAnaka samAnAntara rUpa se vikasita hue haiM / yadi hama inheM bhASAtmaka rUpAntara kaheM to vaha bhI ucita hogA / kahIM-kahIM to upamA - sAdRzya bhI dRSTigata hotA hai / yathA- jaba nArada sItA ke prati rAvaNa ko zrAsakta karatA huA kahatA hai ki - sItA sarvathA Apake hI yogya hai kyoMki gaMgA sadaiva samudra ke hI yogya hotI hai nadI-nAloM ke nahIM (guNabhadra kRta- ma. pu. 68. 103, puSpadaMta kRta- ma. pu. 71.2) 18 eka kA prabhAva dUsare para spaSTa parilakSita hai para kauna prabhAvita hai aura kauna prabhAvaka yaha jAnane ke lie donoM ke kAlakrama ke anusAra pUrvAparatva kA vicAra karane para yaha spaSTa rUpa se jJAta hotA hai ki kavi puSpadaMta para prAcArya guNabhadra kA prabhAva hai kyoMki guNabhadra puSpadaMta ke pUrvavartI haiN| guNabhadra kA samaya 9vIM zatAbdI tathA puSpadaMta kA 10vIM zatAbdI hai, donoM eka hI dhArA ke poSaka haiM / jaina vAGamaya meM rAmakathA viSayaka eka aura dhArA prAcArya vimalasUri kI hai yahIM sarvAdhika pracalita bhI hai jisakA anukaraNa prAcArya raviSeNa ne kiyA hai / yahA~ donoM dhArAoM meM vyApta samAnatA asamAnatA, navInatA - maulikatA dekhane ke lie isa dhArA kI jAnakArI bhI prAsaMgika hogI ataH raviSeNa ke padmapurANa kA pratisaMkSipta kathA-sAra prastuta hai - 1 rAkSasavaMzI rAjA ratnazravA ke rAvaNa, kumbhakarNa va vibhISaNa nAma ke tIna putra tathA candranakhA nAma kI eka putrI thii| usI kAla meM ikSvAkuvaMzI rAjA dazaratha ayodhyA meM rAjya karate the aura rAjA janaka mithilA meM / eka dina rAvaNa ko jJAta huA ki rAjA janaka va rAjA dazaratha kI santAneM usakI mRtyu kA kAraNa baneMgI / santAnoM kI sambhAvanA hI na rahe isa vicAra se rAvaNa ne rAjA janaka va rAjA dazaratha kI hatyA karAne kA prayatna kiyA isake lie inhoMne vibhISaNa ko bhejA, parantu nArada ne donoM rAjAoM ko isakI pUrva sUcanA de dI jisase satarka hokara donoM ne apanI kRtrima prakRtiyA~ banavA kara apane zayanakakSa meM rakhavA dIM / vibhISaNa ne una prAkRtiyoM ko hI rAjA samajhA aura donoM ke mastaka kATa diye / rAjA dazaratha ke cAra rAniyA~ thIM / aparAjitA ( kauzalyA), sumitrA, kekayI va suprabhA jinase kramazaH rAma, lakSmaNa, bharata va zatrughna kA janma huA / vivAha ke samaya hI
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________________ jainavidyA 87 rAjA dazaratha ne kekayI ko eka vara diyA thA jise usane suyogya avasara ke lie surakSita karA liyaa| rAjA janaka ke bhAmaNDala va sItA do santAneM thiiN| kisI pUrvazatrutA ke kAraNa bhAmaNDala kA bAlapana meM hI apaharaNa ho gayA / yuvA hone para eka dina nArada ne use sItA kA citra dikhAyA jise dekhakara vaha sItA para mohita ho gayA aura use prApta karane ke lie mithilA para AkramaNa karane ko tatpara ho uThA para mithilA-darzana se use atIta kA smaraNa ho gayA jisase use jJAta huA ki sItA to usakI sahodarA hai, taba usane apanI durbhAvanA kA nAza kiyaa| ____ rAjA janaka ne sItA-svayaMvara kA Ayojana kiyA jisameM vajrAvarta dhanuSa ko car3hAne kI zarta rakhI gii| dazarathaputra rAma isa zarta ko pUrNa karane meM saphala hue aura sItA se unakA vivAha ho gyaa| kucha samaya pazcAt dazaratha ne rAma kA rAjyAbhiSeka kara svayaM saMnyAsa dhAraNa karanA caahaa| kekayI ne apane pUrvasvIkRta varapUrti ke lie yahI avasara upayukta jAnakara rAjA se apane putra bharata ke lie rAjya va rAma ke lie vanavAsa maaNgaa| tadanurUpa rAma, lakSmaNa va sItA vanavAsa hetu dakSiNa dizA kI ora cala die| bharata dvArA bhartsanA kiye jAne para kekayI ko apane duSkRtya para pazcAttApa huA aura vaha bharata ke sAtha rAma ko vApasa lAne ke lie vana meM gayI para rAma ne isa prastAva ko asvIkAra kara diyaa| rAjA dazaratha ne virakta hokara saMnyAsa dhAraNa kara liyaa| vanavAsa meM lakSmaNa se anAyAsa hI rAvaNa kI bahina candranakhA ke putra kA vadha ho gayA / candranakhA putravadha kA badalA lene AI aura lakSmaNa ko dekhakara usa para mohita ho gayI para lakSmaNa ne usakI avahelanA kii| apamAna kI tapana se tapta candranakhA ne apane pati kharadUSaNa va bhAI rAvaNa ko rAma-lakSmaNa ke viruddha bahakAkara uttejita kiyA aura yuddha ke lie prerita kiyA / tatpazcAt rAvaNa ne chala se sItA kA apaharaNa kiyA jisake pariNAmasvarUpa bhISaNa yuddha huaa| yuddha meM rAma ne rAvaNa kA vadha kiyA aura laMkA para vijaya prApta kii| vanavAsa kI avadhi samApta kara rAma ayodhyA lautte| rAvaNagRhanivAsa ke kAraNa lokanindA va lAMchanavaza sItA ko nirvAsita kara diyA gyaa| nirvAsana-kAla meM sItA ne lavaNa va aMkuza do putroM ko janma diyA jinhoMne digvijaya-yAtrA ke samaya apane pitA rAma se yuddha kiyA taba rAma ko jJAta huA ki ye mere hI putra haiM / sItA ko agniparIkSA ke dvArA apanA satItva siddha karanA par3A para sItA ke satItva ke prabhAva se vaha agnikuNDa zItala sarovara meM parivartita ho gayA / rAma ne sItA se rAjaprAsAda meM calane kA anurodha kiyA jise sItA ne asvIkAra kara diyA aura dIkSA dhAraNakara AryikApada grahaNa kiyaa| rAma kI mRtyu kA asatya samAcAra sunane para bhrAtRviyoga ke kAraNa lakSmaNa kA nidhana ho gyaa| rAma isa ghaTanA se bahuta duHkhI hue aura chaha mAsa taka lakSmaNa kA zava lekara ghUmate rhe| phira saMbodhi prApta kara jinadIkSA dhAraNa kI aura tapazcaryApUrvaka karmakalaMka naSTa kara mukta ho gye|
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________________ 88 jaina vidyA guNabhadra kI rAmakathA kI apekSA raviSeNa kI rAmakathA adhika pracalita hai / donoM dhArAoM meM paryApta vaiSamya hai " 1. prathama dhArA ke anusAra rAjA dazaratha mUlataH ayodhyA ke hI rAjA the jabaki dvitIya dhArA meM rAjA dazaratha ke banArasa se ayodhyA jAne kA prasaMga hai / 2. prathama dhArA meM dazaratha kI cAra rAniyoM se cAra putroM ke janma kA ullekha hai aura dvitIya dhArA meM guNabhadra ne tIna rAniyoM kA tathA puSpadaMta ne cAra rAniyoM kA ullekha kiyA hai / 3. prathama dhArA meM bharata ko kekayI kA putra batAyA hai kintu dvitIya dhArA meM lakSmaNa ko kekayI kA putra batAyA gayA hai / 4. prathama dhArA meM sItA janaka kI putrI hai jabaki dvitIya dhArA meM sItA rAvaNa kI putrI hai jisakA pAlana janaka karate haiM / 5. prathamadhArA meM svayaMvara va dhanuSa car3hAne kI zarta dvArA rAma vivAha kA prasaMga hai aura dvitIya dhArA meM yajJa-rakSA dvArA / 6. prathama dhArA meM kekayI ke varadAna dvArA bharata ko rAjya va rAma vanavAsa kI kathA hai parantu dvitIya dhArA meM vanavAsa kA prasaMga nahIM hai kyoMki isameM lakSmaNa ko kekayI kA putra batAyA gayA hai ataH isa tathyAtmaka bhinnatA ke kAraNa rAma vanavAsa va bharata ko rAjya Adi kA prazna hI nahIM uThatA / 7. prathama dhArA meM vanavAsakAla meM sItA kA apaharaNa hotA hai aura sItAharaNa kA kAraNa candranakhA banatI hai jabaki dvitIya dhArA meM nArada ke bahakAne para rAvaraNa banArasa jAkara sItA kA apaharaNa karatA hai aura candranakhA ( sUrpaNakhA ) ko apanI dUtI banAtA hai / 8. prathama dhArA meM sItA ke apaharaNa ke samaya rAjA dazaratha saMnyAsa dhAraNa kara cuke hote haiM jabaki dvitIya dhArA meM svapna dvArA pUrvAbhAsa ke AdhAra para dazaratha hI sItA ke apaharaNa kA tathyodghATana karate haiM / 9. prathama dhArA meM lokApavAda ke kAraNa sItA - nirvAsana kA prasaMga hai aura usI kAla meM lavaNa aura aMkuza do putroM ke janma kA varNana hai / dvitIya dhArA meM sItA - nirvAsana kA varNana nahIM hai, banArasa meM hI vijayarAmAdi ATha putroM ke hone kA ullekha hai / 10. prathama dhArA meM sItA kI agniparIkSA kI ghaTanA kA samAveza hai jabaki dvitIya dhArA meM isa prasaMga kA pUrNata: prabhAva hai / 11. prathama dhArA meM lakSmaNa kI mRtyu kA kAraNa eka asatya samAcAra hai tathA rAma dvArA lakSmaNa ke zava ko chaH mAsa taka lekara ghUmane kA varNana hai parantu dvitIya dhArA meM kisI asAdhya roga ke kAraNa lakSmaNa kI mRtyu hotI hai aura rAma unakI mRtyu ke bAda sthiracitta rahakara vairAgya dhAraNa karate haiM / 12. prathama dhArA meM bharata kA paryApta mahattva dRSTigata hotA hai jabaki dvitIya dhArA meM unakA koI vizeSa mahattva nahIM dikhAI detA /
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________________ janavidyA 89 - isa prakAra spaSTa hai ki guNabhadra evaM puSpadaMta kI paramparA meM paryApta navInatA hai / yaha rAmakathA pracalita prAcIna paramparA se sarvathA bhinna hai| ataH jijJAsA hotI hai ki guNabhadra (vIM zatAbdI) ne pUrvavartI pracalita rAmakathAoM kA Azraya na lekara yaha navIna paramparA kisa AdhAra se prApta kI hai ? guNabhadra kA AdhAra bahuta kucha ajJAta hai| prAcArya jinasena (guNabhadra ke guru) apane AdipurANa meM kavi paramezvara kI gadya-kathA kA ullekha karate haiM aura use apanI racanA kA AdhAra mAnate haiM / guNabhadra jinasena kI zeSa racanA pUrNa karate haiM prataH saMbhava hai ki ve bhI guru kI bhA~ti kavi paramezvara kI kathA para nirbhara rahe hoM / kavi paramezvara kI racanA aprApya hai| paNDita nAthUrAma premI kA anumAna hai ki guNabhadra se bahuta pahale vimalasUri ke hI samAna kisI anya prAcArya ne bhI svataMtra rUpa se jainadharma ke anukUla sopapattika aura vizvasanIya rAmakathA likhI hogI aura vaha guNabhadrAcArya ko guru-paramparA dvArA prApta huI hogii| isa prakAra apabhraMza mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne guNabhadra kI isa navIna dhArA ko apane mahApurANa kI rAmakathA kA AdhAra banAyA hai yaha spaSTa hai| 1. padmapurANa - prAcArya raviSeNa, prastAvanA pRSTha 13 prakAzaka - bhAratIya jJAnapITha 2. rAmakathA - kAmila bulke, pRSTha 65, anu. 57 prakAzaka - hindI pariSad prakAzana, prayAga vizvavidyAlaya 3. uttarapurANa - prAcArya guNabhadra, 67-68 parva prakAzaka - bhAratIya jJAnapITha 4. mahApurANa - mahAkavi puSpadaMta, 69 parva se prArambha ___prakAzaka - bhAratIya jJAnapITha 5. prAlihiuM pattu maccharakarAla, rAvaNa dehubbhava eha bAla / bahu dukkhajoNi baMdhuhaM asIya, suvisudvavaMsa NAmeNa sIya // (apa. ma. pu. 70.8) 6. (a) surasari jhasamuddhahu hoI samuddahu eu jammi vi paMkaya sarahaM / (puSpa. ma. pu. 71.2) (ba) dhanyAnyatra na sA sthAtuM yogyA bhAgyavihInake / mandAkinyAH sthiti kva syAt pravihatya mahAmbudhim / / (guNa. ma. pu. 68.103) 7. yahAM prAcArya raviSeNa kI rAmakathA ke lie "prathama dhArA" va prAcArya guNabhadra kI - rAmakathA ke lie "dvitIya dhArA" zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| 8. AdipurANa - prAcArya jinasena, 1.60, prastAvanA pRSTha 282 - prakAzaka - bhAratIya jJAnapITha 9. jaina sAhitya aura itihAsa - paM0 nAthUrAma premI, pRSTha 282 sambandhita lekha - padmacarita aura paumacariu
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________________ 90 jIvana kI kSaNabhaMguratA chariNa chariNa jaDayaNu ki harisijjahi, Au varisavariseNa ji khijjai / jIya bharaNaMtahaM vihasai tasaI, mara pabharaNaMtahaM ruM jai rUsai / raNa sahai maraNaha kerau gAuM vi, paharaNu dharai phurai ritthAu vi / khayakAlahu rakkhaMti raga kiMkara, maya mAyaMga turaMgama rahavara / khayakAla rakkhati ra kesava, cakkavaTTi vijjAhara vAsava / hoi visUI sappeM gheppai, dAdivisAriNamRrgAhaM dArijjai / jali jalayara thali thalayara vairiya, gahi hayara bhakvaMti zravAriya / to vi jIu jIvevai vaMchaha, loheM moheM mohiu jaina vidyA zracchai / artha- mUrkha jIva pratikSaraNa kyoM harSita hotA hai jabaki Ayu prativarSa kSINa hotI hai ? yaha jIva 'jIvo' aisA kahane para haMsatA aura saMtuSTa hotA hai aura 'mara' aisA kahanevAloM para garjatA aura krodhita hotA hai, marane kA nAma bhI sahana nahIM karatA, nirbala hote hue bhI sphurita hokara zastra uThA letA hai kintu maraNakAla meM naukara-cAkara, matta hAthI, ghor3A, rathavAna, kezava, cakravartI, vidyAdhara aura indra inameM se koI bhI usakI rakSA nahIM krte| use haijA ho jAtA hai, sarpa Dasa letA hai, DAr3ha aura sIMgavAle jAnavara use phAr3a DAlate haiN| jala meM jalacara, thala meM thalacara jIva hI usake vairI haiM aura AkAza meM nabhacara jIva binA vilamba ki usakA bhakSaraNa kara lete haiM to bhI yaha jIva lobha aura moha se mohita hokara jIne kI icchA rakhatA hai / -mahApurAraNa : 38.19
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________________ mahAkavi puSpadaMta kA dArzanika UhApoha - DaoN0 bhAgacaMda jaina "bhAskara" mahAkavi puSpadaMta apabhraMza ke jAne-mAne zIrSastha sAhityakAra haiN| unake pitA kA nAma kezava bhaTTa tathA mAtA kA nAma mugdhA thaa| ve kAzyapa gautrI brAhmaNa the| jIvana ke prathama kAla meM unakA parivAra zavadharmAvalambI thA para bAda meM kisI jainAcArya ke upadeza se unhoMne jainadharma dhAraNa kara liyA thaa| unakA varNa zyAma thA, zarIra kRza thA, sArA parivAra jinabhakta aura sAtvika thaa| kavi ne svayaM ko sarvatra abhimAnameru kahA hai para ve vinamra aura smitavadana bhI the| unake vivAha Adi ke viSaya meM koI ullekha nahIM miltaa| adhika saMbhava yahI hai ki ve ekAkI rahe hoN| isalie unheM dhana kI bhI kabhI cAha nahIM rhii| unakI nirdvandvatA aura svAbhimAnavRtti ke pIche kadAcit yaha bhI eka kAraNa thaa| ve mRtyu kA AliMgana kara sakate the para kisI kI bhRkuTi sahana karane ko taiyAra nahIM the| ___mAlavanareza harSadeva ne 972 I0 meM mAnyakheTa kA vidhvaMsa kara DAlA jisakA ullekha mahAkavi ne mahApurANa meM kiyA hai| isa ghaTanA se kavi kA samaya AsAnI se nizcita kiyA jA sakatA hai| mAnyakheTa kI vinAzalIlA ko unhoMne svayaM dekhA thA isalie itanA to nizcita hai ki ve san 972 taka jIvita the| isake bAda kI unakI jIvana-yAtrA ajJAta hai / amAtya bharata aura unakA putra nanna digambara jaina AmnAya ke poSaka the| donoM ne puSpadaMta kA bharapUra sammAna kiyA / dharmavatsalatA aura guragarmitA ne kavi ko jor3e rakhA anta taka / isalie kavi ne mAtra kRtajJatA hI spaSTa zabdoM meM prakaTa nahIM kI balki unake vyaktitva
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________________ janavidyA kI bhUri-bhUri prazaMsA bhI kI hai| jaise apamAna milane para unheM saMsAra se vitRSNA ho gaI thI vaise hI bharata aura nanna kA prAzraya pAne se unheM dharma kathA kI ora ruci ho gaI thii| ina kathAoM ke mAdhyama se hI unhoMne apane sAre manobhAvoM ko citrita kara diyA hai / mahAkavi puSpadaMta sAhityarasika aura rasasikta kavi the| unakI dRSTi se kAvya vahI hai jo sAlaMkAra ho, arthayukta ho, sarasa ho, chaMda kI mAtrAoM se nirdoSa ho' evaM prasAdaguNayukta ho / kavi kA kAvya niHsandeha isa niSkarSa para kharA utaratA hai| unake jIvana darzana ne isameM aura nikhAra lA diyA hai| unakI dArzanikatA bhI isake pIchepIche calatI hai| kavi kI racanAmitA ke sAtha adharma aura hiMsA kI mUla mAnyatAoM kA khaNDana kara dharma aura ahiMsA ko supratiSThita karane kA mUla uddezya jur3A huA hai| isa uddezya meM kavi saphala bhI huA hai| isI uddezya kI pUrti ke sAtha eka anya pakSa bhI sambaddha hai, jainadarzana kA pratipAdana kara jainetara darzanoM kA UhApoha / mahAkavi kA yadyapi yaha mUla uddezya nahIM rahA phira bhI kathAcarita graMthoM meM yathAvasara unhoMne isa pakSa ko upekSita nahIM rkhaa| isameM bhI unhoMne aise pakSoM ko liyA hai jinase dharma kI mUla bhitti Dhaha rahI thii| vaiziSTya yaha hai ki dArzanika vicAradhArA vyakta karate samaya unakA na to mahAkavitva zuSka huA aura na kathA-pravAha meM kisI taraha kA avarodha AyA / samUcA khaNDana-maNDana sarasa, saMkSipta aura gambhIra rahA hai| yaha itanA adhika saMkSipta para susambaddha hai ki pAThaka use par3hakara bilakula UbatA nahIM balki sarasatA kA anubhava karatA hai| isa khaNDana praNAlI meM dArzanikatA, kAvyarasikatA tathA vyAvahArikatA kA sundara samanvaya humA hai| mahAkavi ne kapila ke sAMkhya-darzana kA khaNDana kiyA hai / sAMkhya-darzana ke anusAra puruSa caitanyarUpa hote hue bhI niSkriya, nirmala aura vizuddha hai| jar3a prakRti niSkriya cetana . ke saMyoga se sRSTi kA sampAdana karatI hai| isa siddhAnta kI AlocanA karate hue kavi ne kahA hai ki eka hI tatva nitya hai aisA kyoM mAnA jAtA hai ? yadi vaha sahI hai to eka jo detA hai use dUsarA kaise letA hai ? jaba eka sthita hai to anya kaise daur3ate haiM ? eka maratA hai to anya kaise jIvita rahate haiM ? yadi puruSa ko nitya mAnA jAtA hai to vaha kisa prakAra bAlyAvasthA, yuvAvasthA aura vRddhAvasthA prApta karatA hai ? sAMkhya-darzana ke anusAra puruSa kriyArahita, nirmala aura zuddha hai taba phira vaha prakRti dvArA baMdhana meM kaise par3a jAtA hai ? kriyA ke mana, vacana aura kAya kA kyA svarUpa hogA tathA binA kucha karma kiye aneka janmoM kA grahaNa bhI kaise hogA ? binA kriyA ke jIva pApa se kaise baMdhegA ? kaise usase mukta hogA? yaha saba virodhI pralApa kisa kAma kA ? cArvAka bhautikatAvAdI darzana hai / kavi ne usakA bhI khaNDana kiyA hai| mahApurANa meM rAjA mahAbala ke mantrI svayaMbuddha, NAyakumAracariu meM muni pihitAzrava tathA jasaharacariu meM eka jaina muni isa siddhAnta kI AlocanA karate haiN| cArvAka kI dRSTi meM cAroM bhUtoM ke saMmizraNa se caitanya kI utpatti hotI hai jaise - gur3a, jala Adi ke mizraNa se mdyshkti| AtmA aura zarIra meM bhI koI bheda nahIM hai / svayaMbuddha kahatA hai ki yadi bhUtacatuSTaya
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________________ jainavidyA se AtmA kI utpatti hotI to zrauSadhiyoM ke kvAtha se kisI bhI pAtra meM jIva zarIra utpanna ho jAte, parantu aisA hotA nahIM / paMca bhUtoM meM paraspara virodhitA hai to ve eka bhAvAtmakatA kA prarUpaNa kaise karate ? sabhI jIvoM kA svabhAva eka-sA kyoM nahIM ?10 jasaharacariu meM talavara (kotavAla) bhautikatAvAdI hai| muni ne usake mantavya kA khaNDana kiyA hai / unhoMne kahA ki yaha jIva karma ke kAraNa saMsAra meM bhaTakatA rahA hai, vividha janma dhAraNa karatA rahA hai, paMcendriya sukhoM se mAtra duHkha milA hai isalie maiM isa karmajAla ko tapasyA ke mAdhyama se nirjIrNa karane meM lagA huA hU~ / jIva aura zarIra donoM pRthak-pRthak haiM / yaha zarIra bailagAr3I ke samAna hai| jisa prakAra baila ke binA gAr3I nahIM cala sakatI usI prakAra jIva ke binA deha nahIM cala sakatA / phira svakRta karmoM kA phala bhoganA bhI anivArya hai / 93 kotavAla ( talavara) ne punaH puSpa aura gandha kI abhinnatA kA udAharaNa dekara jIva aura zarIra kI ekAtmakatA ko siddha karane kA Agraha kiyA / muni ne uttara diyA - jaise campaka puSpa tela meM DAlane se tela sugandhita ho jAtA hai para campaka kA astitva samApta nahIM hotA / isI taraha jIva aura zarIra pRthak-pRthak hI mAnanA pdd'egaa| jahA~ taka usake adRzya rahane kA prazna hai, usase usake astitva para prazna / saMdeha nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / vaha to apane amUrtatva guraNa ke kAraNa dikhAI nahIM detA / zabda dikhAI nahIM detA para kAna ke dvArA sunAI to detA hI hai / ataH jIva kI sattA anumAna dvArA hI gamya hai / sthUla indriyAM usa sUkSma sattA ko dekha nahIM sakatIM / ye jIva kA zarIra se kaise nirgamana hotA hai aura kaise janma dhAraNa karatA hai usakA uttara dete hue muni ne punaH spaSTa kiyA hai ki jisa prakAra lohA cumbaka se AkarSita hotA hai usI prakAra jIva ( AtmA ) apane kRtakarmoM ke kAraNa saMsAra meM janma-maraNa letA rahatA hai / 'muni ne Age aura bhI tarkoM dvArA AtmA ke astitva ko siddha kiyA hai / unhoMne kahA ki yadi AtmA sadaiva ekarUpa, nizcala aura niSkriya rahegA to karmabaMdha kaise hogA ? guru-ziSya prAdi jaise sambandha kaise baneMge ? yadi prAtmA sarvathA zuddha hai to svarga, mokSa kI kAmanA kI kyA AvazyakatA ? jIva ke binA phira zayyA sparza, rasAsvAdana Adi kaise hogA ? kauna karegA ? binA jIva ke pA~coM tattva nizceSTa haiM / cArvAka mAtra pratyakSa pramANa ko mAnatA hai| aisI sthiti meM phira vaha apane ghara rakhe adRzya dhana ko dekha jAna nahIM sakegA / dUravartI, sUkSmavartI aura tirohita dravyoM ko bhI samajha nahIM skegaa| gAnA-bajAnA, maranA, indriyasukha bhoganA Adi kArya AtmA ke astitva ko mAne binA saMbhava nahIM ho sakate / vaha anubhava se anumita hI hotA hai amUrta guNa ke kAraraNa draSTavya nahIM / isa taraha mahAkavi ne talavara (kotavAla) ke bhautikatAvAdI dRSTikoNa ko sundara vyAvahArika tarkoM kA Azraya lekara khaNDita kiyA hai aura jaina dRSTikoNa ko prastuta kiyA
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________________ 94 janavidyA hai| anya matoM kI apekSA isakA khaNDana adhika vistAra se kiyA gayA hai / isase yaha tathya sAmane AtA hai ki usa samaya bhI bhautikatAvAdI-pravRtti kI ora lakSya adhika thaa| puSpadaMta ne bauddhadarzana ke nairAtmyavAda, kSaNikavAda Adi siddhAntoM kI bhI AlocanA kI hai / buddha ne zAzvatavAda aura ucchedavAda se mukta hone ke lie avyAkRtatA kA siddhAnta apanAyA / para jaba AtmavAdI samudAya se jUjhate-jUjhate thaka gaye to prathamataH unhoMne isa prazna ko vibhajyavAdI DhaMga se TAlane kA prayatna kiyA / bAda meM 36 dharmoM ko anAtma (apane nahIM) mAnakara unase mohAchannatA ko dUra karane kA Adeza diyaa| dhIre-dhIre yahI siddhAnta anAtmavAda ke rUpa meM paMcaskandhoM ke mAdhyama se sAmane aayaa| phira paramArthasatya aura saMvRttisatya ke AdhAra para usakI vyavasthA huI / tadanantara santativAda, vijJAnavAda, kSaNikavAda aura zUnyavAda taka usakI yAtrA dikhAI detI hai / bauddhadarzana AtmA ko vijJAna-skandha kA saMghAta hI mAnatA hai / yaha vijJAnavAda mAdhyamika saMpradAya ke zUnyavAda ke viparIta khar3A huA / isake anusAra jagat ke padArtha zUnya bhale hI hoM para zUnyAtmaka pratIti ke jJApaka vijJAna ko satya padArtha avazya svIkAra kiyA jAnA cAhiye / sabhI jJAna citta ke kAlpanika pariNamana haiN| AtmadRSTi ko bhI bhrama-mAtra mAnA hai| isIlie kavi ne yaha kahakara isakI AlocanA kI hai ki yadi vijJAna bhI trailokya skandhamAtra hI hai to phira bauddha-dharma ke antargata hI bhrAnti ke dvArA bhrAnti ko kaise samajhA jAya ? yadi cetana kSaNa-kSaNa meM parivartita hotA jAtA hai to phira chaha mAsa taka vyAdhi kI vedanA kauna sahana karatA hai ? yadi vAsanA ke dvArA jJAna prakaTa hotA hai to kyA vAsanA svayaM kSaNa mAtra meM vinaSTa nahIM ho jAtI ? kyA vaha paMca skandhoM se bhinna hai ? 18 bauddhadarzana meM AtmA ke sthAna kI pUrti citta, nAma, saMskAra athavA vijJAna ne kii| usI rUpa meM usakA yahA~ khaNDana kiyA gyaa| mahApurANa meM mahAbala ke maMtriyoM meM saMbhinnamati nAmaka maMtrI kSaNikavAda kA samarthaka hai| bauddhadharma ke sabhI saMpradAya kisI na kisI rUpa meM kSaNikavAda ko svIkAra karate haiM / sthaviravAdI mAtra citta caitasikoM kI kSaNikatA ko svIkAra karate the| sarvAstivAdI vaibhASika bAhya jagat ko bhI kiMcit kSaNika mAnane lge| parantu sautrAntika pUrNa kSaNikavAda para vizvAsa karane lage / isalie bahupadArthavAdI bauddhadarzana kAlAntara meM kSaNabhaMgavAdI darzana bana gyaa| isake anusAra samasta svalakSaNa padArtha apane svabhAvAnusAra jisa kSaNa meM utpanna hote haiM usI kSaNa meM vinaSTa ho jAte haiM / isa taraha pUrvakSaNa vinaSTa hokara uttara kSaNa ko utpanna karatA aura vartamAna kSaNa astitva meM rahakara kramabaddhatA banAye rakhatA hai / isa utpatti aura vinAza meM use kisI kAraNa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| Age isI kA vikAsa mAdhyamika saMpradAya ne zUnyavAda ke rUpa meM kiyA / sautrAntika darzana meM bAhya padArthoM ko pratyakSataH jJeya nahIM mAnA gyaa| vijJAnavAda meM unakI cittamAtra ke rUpa meM sattA svIkRta huI / para mAdhyamika meM bAhya aura Antarika donoM padArthoM ke astitva ko asvIkAra kara diyA gayA / yahA~ padArtha catuSkoTiyoM se vinirmukta tattva ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / isalie use abhAvAtmaka nahIM kahA jA sakatA kintu nirapekSa hone ke kAraNa zUnyAtmaka mAnA jAtA hai / 14.
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________________ janavidyA 95 kSaNikavAda kI dRSTi se jJAna bhI eka saMyogajanya vastu hai / puSpadaMta mahAkavi kahate haiM ki yadi jJAna saMyogajanya vastu hai taba to saMyoga naSTa hone para jJAnI ko bhI loka ke padArtha dikhAI nahIM deNge| yadi kSaNavinAzI padArthoM meM avicchinna kAraNa kArya rUpa dhArApravAha mAnA jAya to gau ke vinAza ho jAne para dUdha kahA~ se duhA jAtA hai ? dIpaka ke kSaya ho jAne para aMjana kI prApti kahA~ se hotI hai ? yadi pratItyasamutpAda siddhAnta ke anusAra kahA jAya ki kSaNa-kSaNa meM anya-anya jIva utpanna hotA rahatA hai to prazna utpanna hotA hai ki jo jIva ghara se bAhara jAtA hai vahI ghara kaise lauTatA hai ? jo vastu eka ne rakhI use dUsarA nahIM jAna sakatA / zUnyavAdI bhI yadi jagat meM samasta zUnya kA hI vidhAna karatA hai to usake paMcendriya daNDana, cIvaradhAraNa, vratapAlana, sAta ghar3I dina rahate bhojana tathA sira kA muNDana kaise hotA hai ? 15 ___ina sabhI darzanoM kA saMkSepa meM khaNDana kara mahAkavi ne ahiMsAdharma kI zreSThatA ko sthApita kiyA hai| isI prasaMga meM mokSa ke svarUpa para bhI AlocanAtmaka dRSTi se vicAra kiyA gayA hai / tadanusAra mokSa na to guNoM ke kSaya kA nAma hai, na vaha zUnyarUpa hai aura na AkAza meM AtmA kA vilIna ho jAnA mokSa hai|18 mokSa to vastutaH karmoM kI prAtyantikakSayajanya avasthA kA nAma hai jisameM jIva anya karmaphaloM se vimukta hokara AtyantikajJAnadarzanarUpa anupama sukha kA anubhava karatA hai / ___isa prakAra mahAkavi puSpadaMta ne bar3I talaspazitA ke sAtha pramukha bhAratIya dArzanika pakSoM kA khaNDana kiyA hai / unake kucha tarka to dArzanika paramparA se haTakara vyAvahArikatA ke saMsAra se jur3e hue haiM / isalie yahA~ tarka aura darzana kI zuSkatA nahIM balki vaha sarasatA, gambhIratA aura manovaijJAnikatA se ota-prota hai| itanA hI nahIM, unhoMne apane vicAra sAmAjika kSetra ko vizuddha sAttvika aura janagrAhI banAne kI dRSTi se bhI prastuta kie haiN| dravyArjana tyAga aura dharma para AdhArita ho, garIboM ke uddhAra meM use lagAyA jAya, hInonmAna Adi kA vyavahAra na ho1", bAladIkSA ucita nahIM, bAlakoM meM guNoM ke preraka saMskAra jAgrata kiye jAyeM1 aura sacce dharma ke svarUpa ko samajhA jAya / isalie mahAkavi puSpadaMta kuzala tArkika aura dArzanika to the hI, sAtha hI jIvana-mUlyoM ko samajhAne kI prakriyA meM saphala aura niHsvArtha samAjasudhAraka bhii| unake sabhI kathA-graMtha ahiMsA kI pratiSThA meM jAgarUka stambha haiM jo mAnavIya cetanA ko jhaMkRta kara vyakti ko hiMsA se mukta karate haiM aura sahI dharma mArga kI ora jAne ke lie eka laimpaposTa kA kAma karate haiN| 1. baMbhaNAI kAsavadisigontaI, guru vayaNAmayapUriya sontaiM / mukhAevI kesavaraNAmaI, mahu piyarAiM hoMtu suhadhAma / saMpajjau jiNabhAve laiyaho, rayaNattayavisuddhi baMgaiho / ___- NAyakumAra prazasti / 2. jasaharacariu prazasti 3. mAraNabhaMgi vara maraNu raNa jIvau, ehau iya suTThamaiMavau / - mahApurANa 16.21
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________________ 96 navidyA -4. jasa. 2.7 5. jasa. 2.13 6. NAya 5.2 7. NAya 5.9 8. NAya 7.6 9. mahApurANa 20.17.18 10. gAya 9.11 11. jasa. 3.19.24 12. jasa. 3.25 13. jasa. 3.26 14. vizeSa dekhiye - lekhaka kA graMtha "bauddha saMskRti kA itihAsa" pR. 120 15. NAya. 9.5, mahApurANa 20.19.20 16. NAya. 9.14 17. sarvArthasiddhi 1.1 18. NAya. 7.15 19. jasa. 4.19 20. jasa. 4.8.15 21. jasa. 1.24 22. NAya. 2.6, 4.2, 6.10, 9.12-13 jasa. 1.15, 2.11, 3.4, 3.11, 3.26, 3.30.31, 4.9
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________________ mahAkavi puSpadaMta ke AdipurANa kI eka sacitra pANDulipi - DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla apabhraMza bhASA deza kI eka sampanna bhASA hai jisakA vizAla sAhitya upalabdha hotA hai.| jainAcAryoM, bhaTTArakoM, santoM evaM kaviyoM ne isa bhASA ko sabase adhika prazraya diyA aura 8vIM zatAbdI se lekara 16vIM zatAbdI taka isameM saiMkar3oM kRtiyA~ likhI gaIM / isa bhASA ke mAdhyama se dakSiNa evaM uttara bhArata ke vidvAnoM meM sauhArda bar3hA aura ve eka dUsare ke vicAroM se avagata hote rahe / apabhraMza ke pramukha kaviyoM meM svayaMbhU, puSpadaMta, vIra, nayanandi, dhavala, dhanapAla evaM raidhU ke nAma vizeSarUpa se ullekhanIya haiM jinhoMne isa bhASA meM uccakoTi kI racanAeM nibaddha karake bhAratIya sAhitya ko samRddha bnaayaa| adhikAMza apabhraMza sAhitya purANa, kAvya, carita evaM kathA-pradhAna hone se apane yuga meM bahuta hI lokapriya rahA aura usakI kRtiyA~ bar3e hI cAva evaM ruci se par3hI jAtI rhiiN| saiMkar3oM varSoM taka apabhraMza kI racanAoM ko prAkRta kI racanAeM hI samajhA jAtA rahA / apabhraMza bhASA se anabhijJa hone ke kAraNa jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM ke sabhI sUcIpatroM meM apabhraMza graMthoM kI bhASA ko prAkRta bhASA hI likhA jAtA rhaa| yaha bhrama aba dUra ho gayA hai aura yaha svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai ki apabhraMza eka svatantra bhASA ke rUpa meM vidyamAna rahI hai|
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________________ 98 janavidyA mahAkavi puSpadaMta apabhraMza ke zreSTha kaviyoM meM mAne jAte haiN| unakI upalabdha tIna kRtiyoM meM mahApurANa vizAla purANa-graMtha hai jisameM tresaTha zalAkApuruSoM kA jIvanacarita nibaddha hai| jaina paramparA meM zresaTha zalAkApuruSoM kA jIvana jainadharma kA itihAsa hai, jaina saMskRti kI kahAnI hai aura samUce deza kA pratibimba hai| isalie apabhraMza meM puSpadaMta kA mahApurANa evaM saMskRta meM prAcArya jinasena evaM guNabhadra kA mahApurANa sarvAdhika lokapriya racanAeM mAnI jAtI haiN| inameM puSpadaMta kA AdipurANa hI ekamAtra aisI kRti hai jisakI sacitra pANDulipi prApta huI hai aura jo citrakalA-jagat meM mahattvapUrNa kRti mAnI jAtI hai| ____ AdipurANa kI do sacitra pANDulipiyA~ upalabdha hotI haiM - eka pANDulipi jayapura ke zrI digambara jaina terahapaMthI mandira meM tathA dUsarI dehalI ke digambara jaina paMcAyatI mandira meM / donoM hI citrakalA kI utkRSTa kRtiyA~ haiM jo raMga, vastra, pahinAva, nAka-nakza Adi kI dRSTi se sajIvatA liye hue haiM / sacitra AdipurANa (jayapura) kI pANDulipi meM 344 patra haiM lekina inameM patra saMkhyA 10, 15, 102, 103, 132 va 133 nahIM hone se vartamAna meM isameM 338 patra hI raha gaye haiN| yaha samvat 1597 phAlguna sudi 13 meM likhI huI prANDulipi hai jisakI pratilipi harinAtha kAyastha ne kI thI tathA caudharI rAimalla ne usakI pratilipi karavAI thii| isameM citroM kI saMkhyA 558 hai jo sabhI kalA, raMga, zailI tathA kalama kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa mAne jAte haiN| isa pANDulipi ke citroM kI eka vizeSatA yaha hai ki inameM se kucha citra to pANDulipi ke AkAra ke haiN| citroM kI pRSThabhUmi lAla hai kintu pIlA, camelI evaM hare raMga kA bhI prayoga huA hai| prasiddha kalA-vizeSajJa DaoN. motIcandra ke. anusAra citroM meM aMkita mAnavAkRti pazcima-bhAratIya citrakalA se milatI-julatI hai| prAkRtiyoM kA alaMkaraNa atyadhika kalApUrNa evaM sajIva hai| .. vezabhUSA puruSoM va striyoM kI vezabhUSA sIdhI-sAdI hai / striyA~ colI, sAr3I evaM caddara pahane haiN| kisI-kisI citra meM sAr3iyA~ itanI lambI haiM ki pairoM meM pahine hue gahane bhI dikhAI nahIM dete| unake kAnoM meM bAliyA~, hAthoM meM cUr3iyA~, bhujAoM meM bAjUbanda haiN| pairoM meM kar3e evaM cA~dI kI sATa haiN| mAthe para suhAga kA pratIka boralA baMdhA huA hai| puruSoM kI vezabhUSA meM gvAliyarI pagar3I, sAMgAnerI dhotI, raMgIna dupaTTA hai| pANDulipi ke pramukha citroM kA paricaya nimna prakAra hai - 1. bharata maMtrI ke pAsa puSpadaMta kA Agamana - patra saMkhyA 4 para, prAkAra 9degx4.2" isa citra meM mahAkavi puSpadaMta mahAmaMtrI bharata ke pAsa AyA hai tathA bharata dvArA mahApurANa likhane kI prArthanA para kavi dvArA vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| ...
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________________ janavidyA 1.99 2. marudevyA zRMgArakaraNaM (marudevI zRMgAra karatI huI) - patra saMkhyA 17 para, AkAra 2:30x2" rAnI marudevI raMgIna sAr3I pahane hue hai| kAnoM meM jhumake, hAthoM meM kar3e evaM cUr3iyA~ haiN| bAyeM hAtha meM zIzA liye hue apanA mukha dekha rahI hai| mAthe para boralA baMdhA huA hai| 3. AdinAtha kA vivAha - patra saMkhyA 35 para, AkAra 8.5" x2" AdinAtha svAmI kA vivAha agni kI sAkSI se ho rahA hai / rAjapurohita maMtroccAraNa kara rahA hai| eka ora nRtya maMDalI pratIkSArata hai to dUsarI ora vadhU ke mAtA-pitA 1. baiThe hue haiN| 4: AdinAtha putrIpaDhAvaNaM - (AdinAtha apanI putriyoM ko par3hAte hue) - patra saMkhyA 47 para, AkAra 3.5" x2.3" AdinAtha svayaM caukI para baiThe hue haiN| unake sAmane donoM ora eka-eka putrI baiThI huI hai| unake hAtha meM paTTI hai| unakA pUrA dhyAna apane par3hane kI ora hai| svayaM AdinAtha aMgarakhI pahine hue haiM / kamara meM dupaTTA bAMdhe hue haiM / dupaTTA raMgIna hai / mastaka para rAjamukuTa evaM kAnoM meM gola evaM lambe kuMDala haiN| hAthoM meM bhI tIna-tIna kar3e pahine hue haiN| caukI meM vRSabha kA cihna banA huA hai| pAsa hI meM pustaka rakhane kI tipAyI hai jisa para graMtha rakhA huA hai| 5. AdinAtha rAjyasthApana (AdinAtha kA rAjyAbhiSeka) patra saMkhyA 49 para, AkAra 8.5degx2.2" prastuta citra bahuta sundara evaM AkarSaka hai| caukI para AdinAtha baiThe hue haiM jisa para bela-bUMTe bane haiM / AdinAtha kI vezabhUSA meM koI antara nahIM hai| unake hAtha meM puSpa hai tathA dUsare hAtha se ve kucha saMketa kara rahe haiM unake sAmane eka rAjapuruSa evaM cAra saubhAgyavatI striyA~ khar3I haiM jo abhiSeka ke pazcAt unakA zRMgAra karanA cAhatI haiM / cAroM striyA~ vibhinna mudrA meM dikhAI de rahI haiN| sAmane rAjapuruSa tilaka karane kI mudrA meM khar3A hai| unake dUsarI ora chaha rAjapuruSa khar3e haiN| pahalA rAjA ko pAnI pilA rahA hai| dUsarA aura tIsarA hAtha meM rajata kalaza liye hue hai| zeSa tIna abhiSeka kI dUsarI kriyA ke lie taiyAra khar3e haiN| ve dhotI pahine hue haiM, gale meM dupaTTA hai, mAthe para pagar3I hai para badana vastrarahita hai / 6. prastuta pANDulipi meM prayANa karatI huI tathA yuddha karatI huI senA ke aneka citra haiN| bharata-bAhubalI yuddha ke pUre pRSTha ke do citra haiM (pRSTha 172-173)
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________________ 100 jainavidyA digvijaya ke lie jAtI huI bharata kI senA ke kitane hI citra haiN| koI citra parvata ke samIpa senA ke par3Ava kA hai, kisI citra meM senA ko gaMgA pAra karatI huI dikhAyA gayA hai / sabhI citrakalA kI dRSTi se hI nahIM anya dRSTiyoM se bhI mahattvapUrNa haiM / sainika ghor3oM para savAra haiM, hAthiyoM para zrArUr3ha haiM, kucha ghor3AgAr3iyoM meM baiThe haiM tathA kucha paidala bhI prayANa kara rahe haiM, unake eka hAtha meM DhAla va eka hAtha meM talavAra hai / yaha prayANa rAtri meM ho rahA hai, AkAza meM pUrNa candramA camaka rahA hai / AdinAtha purANa meM itane adhika citra haiM ki unake dvArA purANa kA pUrA kathAnaka samajha meM A jAtA hai / kisI-kisI patra para to tIna-tIna citra haiM lekina adhikAMza patroM ke donoM ora citra aMkita haiN| pratyeka sarga kI samApti para tIrthaMkara pratimA kA citra aMkita hai | citroM ke mukhya AkarSaNa AdinAtha, bAhubalI evaM bharata cakravartI haiM / purANa kI choTI se choTI ghaTanA ko citrAMkita kiyA gayA hai / isaprakAra zrAdipurANa kI prastuta pANDulipi citrakalA kI dRSTi se eka asAdhAraNa pANDulipi hai jisakA jitanA adhika evaM sUkSma adhyayana kiyA jAvegA, kalA evaM saMskRti ke utane hI naye AyAma ujAgara kiye jA sakeMge / sA vijjA jA sayaru vi giyai, saM rajju jammi buhayaNu jiyA / te buha je buhahaM raNa macchariya, te mitta raNa je viharaMtariya || artha-vidyA vahI hai jo saba kucha jAna letI hai, rAjya vahI hai jisameM vidvAn jIvita rahate haiM / paNDita ve hI haiM jo paNDitoM se IrSyA nahIM karate, mitra ve hI haiM jo saMkaTa meM dUra nahIM hote / - mahApurANa : 19.3.6-7
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________________ mahAkavi puSpadaMta kI racanAoM kI rAjasthAna meM lokapriyatA -paM0 anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha rAjasthAna kI bhUmi jisa prakAra raNabAMkure zUravIroM kI jananI rahI hai usI prakAra sAhitya, saMskRti evaM kalA kI bhI prasUtA mAnI jAtI hai / eka ora yahA~ ke vIroM ne raNabhUmi meM prANa nichAvara kara apanI saMskRti, deza aura rASTra kI Ana-bAna kI rakSA kI hai to dUsarI ora yahA~ ke prabuddha manISiyoM ne saMskRta, prAkRta, apabhraMza, rAjasthAnI aura hindI bhASA meM apAra sAhitya raca kara usakI surakSA meM pUrNa yoga diyA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki hAtha se graMtha likhane ke usa yuga meM bhI pANDulipiyoM kI kamI nahIM rhii| vigata do hajAra varSoM se zAstra likhane aura likhAne meM jaina sAdhu-sAdhviyoM evaM zrAvaka-zrAvikAoM kA bahuta bar3A hAtha rahA hai aura isI kAraNa Aja bhI deza ke vibhinna pradezoM meM aneka zAstra-bhaNDAra haiM aura unameM lAkhoM pANDulipiyA~ surakSita haiM / jainAcAryoM dvArA kiye gaye dAna ke cAra bhedoM meM jJAnadAna (zAstradAna) bhI eka bheda hai / dAna kI yaha akSuNNadhArA aba taka aviralarUpa se bahatI calI A rahI hai| jitanA puNya maMdira banavAne, mUrti banAkara paMcakalyANaka pratiSThA karAne meM batalAyA gayA hai usase adhika zAstra likhavAkara virAjamAna karavAne meM mAnA gayA hai / ___hamAre yahA~ deva-zAstra-guru kI nitya pUjA kI jAtI hai jisameM tInoM kA samAna sthAna hai / zAstra ko pUrNa sammAna ke sAtha rakhA jAtA hai / sadaiva se jainoM meM svAdhyAya kI paripATI
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________________ 102 jainavidyA hone ke kAraNa maMdiroM meM zAstra bhaNDAra banAye gaye aura unameM graMtha likhavA kara rakhavAye gaye / Aja bhI bhagavAn ke darzana ke pazcAt maMdira meM baiThakara zAstra-svAdhyAya kI paripATI pracalita hai aura usI se jainavAG maya surakSita hai / vaise to jaina sAdhu evaM zrAvaka vidvAnoM ne sabhI bhASAoM meM sAhitya nirmANa kiyA hai kintu prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, rAjasthAnI evaM hindI unake sAhitya-nirmANa kI pramukha bhASAeM rahI haiM / rAjasthAna ke zAstra bhaNDAroM kI sabase mahattvapUrNa upalabdhi apabhraMza sAhitya ko surakSita rakhane meM mAnI jAnI cAhiye kyoMki apabhraMza kI 80 pratizata pANDulipiyA~ to rAjasthAna ke zAstra bhaNDAroM meM hI milatI haiN| akele Amera zAstra bhaNDAra meM jise aba zrImahAvIrajI sthAnAMtarita kara diyA gayA hai, apabhraMza kI 60 se adhika pANDulipiyA~ haiM jinakA prazasti-saMgraha meM ullekha kiyA gayA hai| inameM se kucha pANDulipiyA~ to atyadhika mahattvapUrNa haiN| apabhraza ke kaviyoM meM mahAkavi puSpadaMta kI racanAoM ko rAjasthAna meM sabase adhika lokapriyatA prApta hai / zrImahAvIrajI kSetra dvArA prakAzita rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM kI graMtha-sUcI ke 5 bhAgoM, prazasti saMgraha tathA nAgaura ke graMtha bhaMDAra kI sUcI ke adhyayana se patA calatA hai ki akele puSpadaMta kI racanAoM kI 75 se bhI adhika pANDulipiyA~ rAjasthAna ke graMtha bhaMDAroM meM saMgRhIta haiN| unameM adhikAMza pANDulipiyA~ sampAdana kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiM / Amera zAstra bhaMDAra meM saMgRhIta uttarapurANa kI saMvat 1391 kI pANDulipi sabase adhika prAcIna siddha hotI hai| 15vIM, 16vIM, 17vIM evaM 18vIM zatAbdI meM lipibaddha pANDulipiyA~ rAjasthAna ke zAstra bhaNDAroM meM vipula saMkhyA meM surakSita haiN| mahAkavi puSpadaMta kI aba taka tIna racanAe~ upalabdha haiM, jinameM unane hRdaya ke sampUrNa bhAvoM ko uNDela kara rakha diyA hai / 'satyaM zivaM sundaram' kI dRSTi se tInoM hI racanAeM apabhraMza sAhitya-jagat ko unakI advitIya bheMTa haiN| ina kRtiyoM meM mahApurANa eka mahAkAvya hai jabaki "NAyakumAracariu' evaM 'jasaharacariu' khaNDa-kAvya haiM / mahApurANa kahIM-kahIM AdipurANa evaM uttarapurANa ke nAma se alaga-alaga bhI milatA hai| rAjasthAna ke zAstra bhaNDAroM meM yadyapi puSpadaMta kI kRtiyoM kI vipula pANDulipiyA~ milatI haiM lekina prastuta lekha meM hama unhIM pANDulipiyoM kA paricaya de rahe haiM jo prAcIna, zuddha evaM sampAdana kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa haiM / mahApurANa - ise 'vesaThazalAkAmahApuruSa' varNana bhI kahate haiM / isake AdipurANa tathA uttarapurANa do khaNDa haiM / pahile khaMDa meM RSabhadeva kA pUrA varNana tathA 'uttarapurANa meM zeSa 23 tIrthaMkaroM kA varNana hai| mahApurANa vizAlakAya uttama graMtha hai jisakI pratiyA~ nimna bhaMDAroM meM upalabdha haiM -
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________________ jainavidyA 103 -- 1. bhaTTArakIya zAstra bhaNDAra, nAgaura 1. patra saMkhyA 155 / le. kAla samvat 1493 / graMtha saMkhyA 1000 / 2. patra saMkhyA 253 / le. kAla samvat 1585 / graMtha saMkhyA 1451 / ___3. patra saMkhyA 101 / apUrNa graMtha saMkhyA 1351 / 2. maMdira pATodI, jayapura patra saMkhyA 514 / ve. saM. 1011 3. bhaTTArakIya bhaMDAra, jaina maMdira, ajamera 1. patra saMkhyA 357 / ve. saM. 4371 2. patra saMkhyA 649 / ve. saM. 56 / 4. terahapaMthI mandira, dausA 1. patra saMkhyA 11 / ve. saM 20 / prAcIna evaM jiirnn| 5. bIsapaMthI mandira, dausA ___ 1. patra saMkhyA 315 / ve. saM. 26 / 6. saMbhavanAtha mandira, udayapura 1. patra saMkhyA 138 / ve. saM. 26.4 / prAdipurANa- isakI pratiyA~ nimna bhaMDAroM meM upalabdha haiM - 1. terahapaMthI bar3A mandira, jayapura 1. patra saMkhyA 382 / le. kAla saMmvat 1477, vaizAkha budi 2 / ve. saM. 91 / 2. patra saMkhyA 252 / le. kAla samvat 1526, ASAr3ha budi 13 / ve. saM. 13 / 3. patra saMkhyA 143 / le. kAla samvat 1537 / ve. saM. 85 / takSakagar3ha (Tor3A) ke pArzvanAtha maMdira meM pratilipi huii| 4. patra saMkhyA 344 / le. kAla samvat 1597 / ve. saM. 89 / vizeSa--yaha sacitra prati hai jisameM 300 se adhika citra haiN| 5. patra saMkhyA 208 1 le. kAla samvat 1609 / ve. saM. 90 / 6. patra saMkhyA 177 / le. kAla samvat 1648 / ve. saM. 87 / 7. patra saMkhyA 295 / le. kAla samvat 1653 / ve. saM. 88 /
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________________ 104 janavidyA 8. patra saMkhyA 325 / le. kAla samvat 1630, bhAdavA sudi 10 / ve. saM. 53 / bAbA dulIcaMda bhaMDAra, jayapura / 2. pArzvanAtha maMdira, jayapura 1. patra saMkhyA 295 / le. kAla samvat 1719 / ve. saM. 293 / 3. bhaTTA0 jaina mandira, ajamera ____ 1. patra saMkhyA 234 / le. kAla samvat 1631 / ve. saM. 131 / 4. maMdira geliyAna, jayapura 1. patra saMkhyA 276 / le. kAla samvat 1543, prAsoja sudI 9 / uttarapurANa- isakI bhI prAcIna pratiyA~ rAjasthAna ke nimna bhaMDAroM meM surakSita haiM - 1. terahapaMthI mandira, dausA 1. patra saMkhyA 325 / le. kAla samvat 1538, kArtika sudi 13 / ve. saM. 112 / 2. terahapaMthI bar3A mandira, jayapura 1. patra saMkhyA 493 / le. kAla samvat 1641 / ve. saMkhyA 157 / 2. patra saMkhyA 423 / le. kAla samvat 1615 / ve. saMkhyA 1379 / 3. mandira badhIcaMdajo dIvAna, jayapura 1. patra saMkhyA 324-838 / le. kAla samvat 1557 / ve. saMkhyA 1171 4. bhaTTArakIya graMtha bhaMDAra, nAgaura 1. patra saMkhyA 263 / le. kAla samvat 1482 / graMtha saMkhyA 1041 / 2. patra saMkhyA 31 / le. kAla sambat 1658, kArtika sudi 15 / graMtha saMkhyA 1161 / gAyakumAra (nAgakumAra) cariu- nau saMdhiyoM ke isa sundara kAvya meM paMcamI ke upavAsa ke phala kA varNana hai / yaha kAvya kAphI lokapriya rahA hai / isakI pratiyAM nimna sthAnoM para haiM - 1. maMdira dIvAna badhIcaMdajI, jayapura 1. patra saMkhyA 19 / le. kAla samvat 1517, vaizAkha zuklA 5 / ve. saMkhyA 212 / 2. patra saMkhyA 60 / le. kAla samvat 1528 / ve. saMkhyA 234 / 3. patra saMkhyA 49 / le. kAla samvat 1558 / ve. saMkhyA 866 / 4. patra saMkhyA 69 / le. kAla samvat 1554, bhAdrapada zuklA 3 / ve. saMkhyA 867 /
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________________ 1.03 jainavidyA 2. terahapaMthI maMdira, jayapura ___1. patra saMkhyA 55 / le. kAla samvat 1519 / ve. saMkhyA 868 / __2. patra saMkhyA 71 / le. kAla samvat 1603 / ve. saMkhyA 865 / 3. di. jaina mandira dIvAnajI, kAmA. ___1. patra saMkhyA 96 / le. kAla samvat 15641 2. patra saMkhyA 82 / le. kAla samvat 1625 / .. 4. bhaTTArakIya bhaNDAra, nAgaura 1. patra saMkhyA 70 / le. kAla samvata 1639, phAlguna sudi 13 / graMtha saMkhyA 1073 / 2. patra saMkhyA 67 / le. kAla samvata 1538 maMgasara sudi 5 1 graMtha saMkhyA 2676 / jasaharacariu (yazodhara caritra) - yaha eka sundara khaNDa-kAvya hai jisameM puNyapuruSa yazodhara kA caritravarNana hai| yaha kathAnaka bahuta lokapriya rahA hai| nimna bhaMDAroM meM isakI pratiyA~ dekhI jA sakatI haiN| inameM kitanI hI sacitra pratiyA~ bhI haiM - . 1. di. jaina mandira pATodI, jayapura 1. patra saMkhyA 82 / le. kAla samvat 1407 / ve. saMkhyA 25 / 2. terahapaMthI bar3A mandira, jayapura 1. patra saMkhyA 66 / le. kAla samvat 1539 / ve. saMkhyA 1439 / 2. patra saMkhyA 170 / le. kAla samvat 14371 3. patra saMkhyA 63 / 4. patra saMkhyA 83 / 5. patra saMkhyA 171 / le. kAla samvat 1913 / 3. bhaTTArakIya mandira, ajamera ___1. patra saMkhyA 29 / le. kAla samvat 1578 / ve. saMkhyA 970 / 4. dIvAnajI kA mandira, kAmA 1. patra saMkhyA 61 / ve. saMkhyA 271 / 5. choTe dIvAnajI kA mandira, jayapura 1. patra saMkhyA 89 / le. kAla samvat 1672 / ve. saMkhyA 287 / 2. patra saMkhyA 63 / le. kAla samvat 1897 / ve. saMkhyA 286 / 3. patra saMkhyA 60-68 / le. kAla samvat 1630 /
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________________ 106 6. jaina mandira dabalAnA, bUMdI 1. patra saMkhyA 63 / ve saMkhyA 5 | 7. bhaTTArakIya bhaMDAra, nAgaura 1. patra saMkhyA 57 / le. kAla samvat 1694 | 2. patra saMkhyA 68 / le. kAla samvat 1521 / 3. patra saMkhyA 59 / le. kAla samvat 1574 4. patra saMkhyA 74 | le. kAla samvat 1487 / 5. patra saMkhyA 59 / le. kAla samvat 1621 / 6. patra saMkhyA 80 | le. kAla samvat 1589 / 7. patra saMkhyA 71 / le. kAla samvat 1651 / 8. patra saMkhyA 74 | graMtha saMkhyA 1401 hayatimiraNiya varakara rihANu, ga suhAi ulUyaho uhau bhANu / jaina vidyA artha - ullU ko aMdhakArasamUha kA nAza karanevAlA tathA zreSTha kiraNoM kA nidhAna aisA ugatA huA sUrya acchA nahIM lagatA / - mahApurANa 1.8.5
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________________ jainavidyA 107 ANaMdA - zrI mahAnaMdideva [jaisA ki hamane jainavidyA ke pUrva aMka meM sUcita kiyA thA patrikA ke pratyeka aMka meM prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza, hindI, gujarAtI, rAjasthAnI zrAdi bhASAoM kI aprakAzita mahattvapUrNa racanAoM meM se eka racanA sAnuvAda prakAzita karane kA prayatna kareMge / gata aMka meM prakAzita 'cUnar3iyA' zIrSaka lagabhaga 800 varSa prAcIna racanA hamAre isa saMkalpa kI pUrti hetu prArambhika kar3I thii| hameM prasannatA hai ki hamAre isa prayAsa kA pAThakoM ne sotsAha svAgata kiyA / usase utsAhita hokara isa aMka meM apabhraMza bhASA kI hI mahAnaMdi kRta 'prAnandatilaka' nAmaka eka anya racanA prakAzita kara rahe haiM / racanA adhyAtma se paripUrNa hai aura kama se kama chaha sau varSa se adhika kI prAcIna hai / isake bahuta se dohoM kI tulanA prasiddha rahasyavAdI kavi kabIra ke dohoM se kI jA sakatI hai / racanA kA sampAdana evaM anuvAda apabhraMza bhASA evaM jainadarzana ke prasiddha mUrddhanya vidvAn DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI, nImaca ne kiyA hai / unhoMne saMsthAna kI do pratiyoM evaM abhaya jaina granthamAlA, bIkAnera se prakAzita 'AcArya bhikSu smRti grantha' meM mudrita pratiyoM kA AdhAra lekara racanA kA pATha taiyAra kiyA hai / pAThaka saMsthAna kI pratiyoM ke mUla pATha se paricita ho sakeM etadarthaM donoM pratiyoM ke pATha bheda saMsthAna meM paM0 bha~varalAla polyAkA, jainadarzanAcArya, sA0 zAstrI se taiyAra karAye jAkara isake sAtha jor3a diye gaye haiM /
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________________ 108 jainavidyA saMsthAna kI eka prati vi. saM. 1539 ke eka guTake meM tathA dUsarI zAstrAkAra hai jo guTake se paryApta pazcAt kI lipIkRta jJAta hotI hai| donoM pratiyoM meM mukhya bheda yaha hai ki guTake meM 'na' aura 'Na' kA prayoga milatA hai tathA zabdoM kA ukArAnta rUpa prAyaH nahIM hai jo ki apabhraMza bhASA kI nijI vizeSatA hai kintu navIna prati meM ye donoM vizeSatAeM surakSita haiM jisase jJAta hotA hai ki navIna prati guTake se bhI prAcIna kisI prati kI pratilipi hai| hamAre isa prayAsa ke saMbaMdha meM pAThakoM ke sujhAvoM kA sadA hI svAgata hai| pradhAna sampAdaka 1. racanA ke prakAzana ke pazcAt zrI ratanalAla kaTAriyA, kekar3I ne hameM sUcita kiyA hai ki yaha racanA 'anekAnta', zrAvaNa vi. saM. 1999 varSa 5 aMka 6-7 meM paM0 dIpacaMda jaina pANDyA ke hindI anuvAda ke sAtha prakAzita ho cukI thii| isa sUcanA ke lie hama unake prAbhArI haiN|
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________________ bhUmikA - DaoN. devendrakumAra zAstrI ....prastuta kRti apabhraMza kI gItiyoM meM eka zreSTha racanA hai / isakA mUla svara rahasyavAdI hai| isameM prAtmA aura paramAtmA ke bheda tathA rahasya kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai| prasaMgataH bAhya kriyA-kANDa kA niSedha, citta-zuddhi evaM bhAva-zuddhi tathA guru kI mahattA, sahaja samAdhi kA nirUpaNa aura Atma-svabhAva meM apane upayoga ko sthira karane kA varNana kiyA gayA hai / racanAkAra ne sAmAnyataH pAribhASika zabdAvalI kA prayoga kie binA sIdhe sarala zabdoM meM dhArmika va AdhyAtmika sAdhanA kA nirdeza kiyA hai| ataH racanA sAmpradAyika bheda-bhAvanA se rahita pratyeka vyakti ke Atma-kalyANa ke lie preraNAspada hai| 43 padyoM kI isa racanA kA nAma "pANaMdA" hai| nAma se hI spaSTa hai ki yaha racanA Ananda kA srota hai / isakA bhAva spaSTa rUpa se samajha meM Ate hI Ananda-rasa kI dhArA bahane lagatI hai / isa racanA kI viSaya-vastu AdhyAtmika hai| prathama zatAbdI ke prAcArya kundakundadeva se lekara chaThI zatAbdI ke yogIndradeva, devasena, zrutasAgara aura dasavIM zatAbdI ke muni rAmasiMha ke "pAhuDadohA" meM varNita eka dIrgha paramparA racanAkAra ke samaya taka calI A rahI thii| kavi ne usI rahasyavAdI. paramparA meM yogI kI aratmasAdhanA kA varNana kiyA hai / racanA laghu hone para bhI sAragarbhita hai| .... ..
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________________ 110 jainavidyA racanA zrAgata baMdha (bandha), kammu (karma), kevalaraNANu (kevalajJAna), muNivaru ( munivara), NivvANu ( nirvANa ) aura kammapaDala ( karmapaTala) jaise kucha zabdoM ke prayoga se yaha patA cala jAtA hai ki kavi jainadharmAvalambI hai| jainadharma va jainadarzana kA usakA gahana adhyayana hai / kintu usake jIvana ke sambandha meM kucha bhI jJAta nahIM ho sakA hai| nAma bhI nayA hI hai / bhASA se yaha patA lagatA hai ki racanAkAra bhArata ke pazcima - uttarapradeza dillI-hariyANA ke nikaTavartI kSetra kA rahA hogaa| kyoMki bhASA - racanA khar3I bolI ke adhika nikaTa hai aura prAcArya hemacandra kI bhASA ke anantara hI racI gaI pratIta hotI hai / ataH anumAnataH racanA kAla terahavIM zatAbdI kA uttarArddha jAna par3atA hai / DaoN0 kastUracaMda kAsalIvAla ne isakA racanA - kAla bArahavIM zatAbdI aura DaoN0 harizaMkara zarmA "harIza " ne terahavIM zatAbdI sambhAvita kI hai / kintu unakI isa sambhAvanA kA sambandha prAcIna rAjasthAnI se sambaddha hai, ataH yathArthatA se pare hai| kintu racanA ke sambandha meM unakA yaha kathana rekhAMkita karane yogya hai - "bhASA kI saralatA, racanA kI gItimayatA, lokabhASAmUlakatA, zabda cayana tathA prAsAdikatA draSTavya hai / racanA meM pada - lAlitya ke sAtha-sAtha artha- gAmbhIrya bhI hai / kavi ne nirvAraNa kI prApti karAnevAle mahAnanda kA nivAsa sthAna kitane mArmika kathana dvArA sampanna kiyA hai / " yathArtha meM yaha eka lalita racanA hai / isakA lAlitya padoM taka hI sImita nahIM hai, kintu bhASA ke sAtha hI bhAvoM meM bhI abhirAmatA lakSita hotI hai / udAharaNa ke lie - bhItara bhariyau pAumalu mUDhA karahi saragANu / je mala lAgA citta mahi, te kima jAya saragANu // isa racanA kI nimnatama sImA bArahavIM zatAbdI aura adhikatama sImA pandrahavIM zatAbdI nizcita kI jA sakatI hai| isakI bhASA bArahavIM zatAbdI ke pUrva kI nahIM hai / isa para "pAhuDadohA " jo ki apabhraMza kI dasavIM zatAbdI kI racanA hai, usakA prabhAva spaSTa rUpa se dekhA jA sakatA hai| jainavidyA saMsthAna, zrImahAvIrajI ke pANDulipi sarvekSaNavibhAga meM veSTana saMkhyA 203 meM jisa guTake meM pAnA saM0 44 se 46 taka yaha likhI huI milatI hai, usa guTake kA lekhana-kAla vi0 saM0 1539 hai| ataH yaha nizcita hai ki racanA isake pUrva kabhI likhI gaI thI / jahA~ taka racanA ke nAma kA sambandha hai, isI guTake ke anta meM " iti zrAnaMdatilaku samAptaM " ullekha kiyA gayA hai| svayaM kavi ne kahA hai - hiMDolA chaMdi gAiyau prAraNaMda tilaku ju gAu / 1 hiMDolA chanda meM yaha gAyA gayA hai aura Anandatilaka isakA nAma hai| isakA apara nAma "ANaMdA" bhI hai / "ANaMdA" adhika pracalita nAma pratIta hotA hai / eka to lokadhuna batalAne ke lie isa zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA rahA hai, dUsare, pratyeka dohe ke pazcAt hiMDolA kI bhA~ti eka AvRtti punaH duharAne ke lie "ANaMdA re" zabdoM kA
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________________ jaina vidyA prayoga kiyA hai| tIsare, racanA Ananda se bharapUra hai / ataH "pANaMdA" nAma sArthaka hai / "pANaMdA" apabhraMza zabda hai aura Ananda yA Anandatilaka saMskRta nAma hai| prastuta racanA kA sampAdana tIna pratiyoM ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai / prathama prati ukta guTakA hai jise "ka" prati kahA gayA hai| dUsarI prati bhI ukta saMsthAna meM sthita veSTana saMkhyA 86 meM lipibaddha zAstrAkAra racanA hai, jisake anta meM likhA hai - iti ANaMdA samAptA / isa prati kA antima dohA apUrNa hai| isa prati ko 'kha' prati kahA gayA hai| donoM hI pratiyoM meM chanda saMkhyA 25 ke pazcAt 27 likhI huI milatI hai| ataH kula chanda 43 hI haiN| tIsarI prati abhaya jaina granthAlaya, bIkAnera kI prakAzita prati hai jisakA mUla pATha binA kisI sampAdana ke DaoN. harIza ne "ANaMdA" ke nAma se 'prAcArya bhikSu smRti grantha' ke dvitIya khaNDa pR0 170-172 meM prakAzita karAyA thaa| pratilipikAroM ne racanA ko aneka sthaloM para bahuta hI azuddha likhA thaa| ataH bhASA, chanda, artha kI dRSTi se zuddha karane meM kaI dina laga gaye phira bhI adhikatara pATha jyoM ke tyoM mUla pratiyoM ke diye haiM / koI pATha kisI prati se diyA hai aura kucha aMza dUsarI prati kA milA diyA hai / isa prakAra racanA ko mUla rUpa meM prastuta karane kA yaha adhyavasAya kiyA gayA hai|
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________________ mahANaMdi kiu . ANaMdA cidANaMdu sANaMdu jiNu, sayalasarIrahaM soii| mahANaMdi so pUjiyai, gagaNi maMDalu thira hoI // ___ pANaMdA re ! gagaNi maMDalu thira hoI // appu NiraMjaNu appu siu, appA paramANaMdu / mUDha kudevauNa pUjiyai,10 guru viNu bhUlau aMdhu11 // pANaMdA re ! guru viNu bhUlau aMdhu // 2 // aTThasaThTha12 tIratha paribhamai,13 mUDhA marai bhmNtu14| appA15 deu raNa18 vaMdahi,17 ghaTa mahiM deva aNaMdu18 // pANaMdA re ! ghaTa mahiM deva aNaMdu // 3 // bhItara bhariyau pAumalu,19 mUDhA karahi saNANu: / je mala lAgA citta mahi,21 te kima jAya saNANu // pANaMdA re ! te kima jAya saNANu // 4 // jhANu sarovara amiya jalu,24 muNivara karai saNANu / aTThakammamalu dhovahi,26 NiyaDA pAhu NivvANu // ANaMdA re ! riNayaDA pAhu riNavvANu // 5 // veNI-saMgami jiNa8 marahu, jalariNahi jhaMpa marehu / jhANaggihi taNu jAli kari,30 kabhmapaDala khau lehu 1 // pANaMdA re ! kammapaDala khau lehu // 6 // satthu paDhaMtau mUDha jai, pAlai jaNa vivahAru / kAI aceyaNa pUjiyai,34 nAhI mokkhu duvAru // pANaMdA re ! nAhI mokkhu duvAra // 7 //
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________________ mahAnandi kRta AnandA Anandatilaka are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle yogI ! sampUrNa saMkalpa-vikalpa ko roka kara atIndriya AnandasvarUpa cidAnanda caitanya bhagavAn kI pUjA kI jAtI hai jo zuddhAtmA bhagavAn sampUrNa zarIra meM vyApta hai // 1 // * apanI zuddha prAtmA niraMjana hai, ziva hai, paramAnanda hai kintu mUr3ha, ajJAnI guru ke upadeza se pratibaddha hue binA ajJAna-andhakAra meM bhUle rahate haiM aura jo vAstava meM deva nahIM haiM, unakI pUjA karate haiN| he Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! guru ke binA andhe hue bhUle rahate haiM // 2 // - ajJAnI ar3asaTha tIrthoM kI yAtrA karatA hai, idhara-udhara bhaTakatA huA apanA jIvana samApta kara detA hai kintu nijAtmA zuddhAtmA bhagavAn kI vandanA nahIM karatA hai / apane hI ghaTa meM mahAn AnandazAlI deva haiN| he,Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! apane hI ghaTa meM mahAn AnandazAlI deva haiM / / 3 / / jisake bhItara pAparUpI mala bharA huA hai, aise ajJAnI ke bAhara meM snAna karane se kyA lAbha hai ? kyoMki snAna karane se citta meM lagA huA mala kisa prakAra chUTa sakatA hai ? he Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! snAna karane se mana kA maila kaise dUra ho sakatA hai / 4 / / dhyAnarUpI sarovara meM amRtarUpI jala bharA rahatA hai| munivara usa amRtajala se snAna karate haiM jisase unake ATha karmarUpI mala dhula jAte haiM aura ve zIghra hI nirvANa (sacce sukha) ko prApta karate haiM / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! ve zIghra hI mokSa ko prApta karate haiM // 5 // he yogin ! triveNI saMgama meM mata maro, samudra meM kUda kara apane prANoM kA nAza mata kro| dhyAnarUpI agni meM zarIra ko prajvalita kara karmarUpI paTaloM kA kSaya kara lo| are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! karma-paTala kA nAza kara lo // 6 // yadi ajJAnI zAstra par3hatA huA loka-vyavahAra kA pAlana karatA hai aura acetana mUrti kI pUjA bhI karatA hai to usase mukti kA dvAra nahIM mila pAtA hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! ina bAhya kriyAoM se mukti kA dvAra nahIM milatA // 7 //
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________________ 114 vau-u- 3 6 saMjama sIlu 37 guNu, 9 eka raMga jAragai paramakalA, 40 keI 12 kesa lucAvaha, 13 ater fbaMdu raga bhAvaha, tiNikAlu bAhira vasaha, 6 sahahi parIsahaM bhAru 7 / daMsaNaraNArAhaM bAhirau, 48 mArise e jamu kAlu // 5 bahu zrANaMdA re ! bhamiyaha bahu saMsAru // 8 // sahai mahavvaya 8 - bhAru / bhamiyai + 1 saMsAra // keI +4 sira jaTabhAru / kima pAvahiM bhavapAru 15 ANaMdA re ! kima pAvahiM bhavapAru // 9 // 11 60 2 pakkhi mAsi bhoyaNu kahiM, 51 pANiu gAsu nirAsu / prappA bhAi jArahi, tiha gahi + jamapurivAsu // 3 4 jo garu siddhahaM mokkhu mahApuru NIyaDau, zrANaMdA re ! mArise e jamu kAlu // 10 // 8 9 bAhiri liMga dharevi muNi 56 tUsaha 57 mUDha bhiMtu / appA ekku ga bhAvaha, sivapuri gAhi bhiMtu // zrAgaMdA re ! sivapuri khAhi bhiMtu ||12|| jiraNavaru pujjaI guru thuragaI, satyahaM mANu karaI / ppA deva raga citavaI, te gara jamapuri jAI // jima vaisAMvara kATha mahaM, tima dehahaM jIu' vasaI, 2 zrANaMdA re ! tiha gahi jamapurivAsu // 11 // jainavidyA jhAiyau zrAgaMdA re! te gara jamapuri jAI ||13| zrari khipaMta jhaaryoh| 1 bhavaduhu pAriga raga dehi ] // ANaMdA re ! bhavaduhu pANi ga dehi // 14 // for a 2 faNa bharagai, mAragu tiyaraga prakkhiyau, 65 tAriNammalu na hoi / appA" karai su hoi 7 // zrANaMdA re ! appA karai su hoi ||15|| 6 3 8 kusumahaM parimalu 70 hoi71 / 73 viralaDa 74 bujhai koi 75 / / prAgaMdA re ! viralau bujhai koi ||16|| 9
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________________ jainavidyA 115 yaha bhavya jIva vrata, tapa, saMyama, zIla Adi guNoM kA pAlana karatA hai tathA mahAvrata ke bhAra ko bhI sahatA hai kintu eka parama kalA (sahaja samAdhi) se anabhijJa hone se saMsAra meM bahuta samaya taka bhramaNa karatA hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! vaha saMsAra meM bahuta ghUmatA hai // 8 // koI keza kA luMcana karate haiM, koI sira para jaTAoM kA bhAra dhAraNa karate haiM kintu apanI zuddhAtmA kA dhyAna nahIM krte| phira, ve isa saMsAra se kaise pAra ho sakate haiM ? are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! ve saMsAra se kaise pAra ho sakate haiM // 9 // tInoM samaya jo apane svabhAva se bAhara rahate haiM, kevala parISaha kA bhAra sahana karate rahate haiM, ve darzana-jJAna se bAhara haiN| parabhAvoM meM rahanevAle ko kAlarUpI yama mAra ddaalegaa| are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! use kAlarUpI yama mAregA // 10 // jo muni eka pakSa (pandraha dina) meM, eka mAha meM binA kisI AzA ke nirAsakta hokara hathelI para bhojana kA grAsa (AhAra) lete haiM, AtmA kA jo dhyAna karate haiM, aise AtmajJAnI ko yamapura kA vAsa nahIM milatA arthAt ve amara hote haiN| are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! AtmajJAnI ko yamapura kA nivAsa nahIM milatA // 11 // jo bAhara meM muniliMga dhAraNa karake bhramarahita (nizcita) tuSTa ho jAtA hai aura apanI zuddhAtmA kA dhyAna nahIM karatA hai to nizcita hI vaha zivapura nahIM jAtA / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! vaha nizcita hI zivapura ko nahIM jAtA // 12 // jo manuSya jinendra bhagavAn kI pUjA karate haiM, guru kI stuti karate haiM, jinavANI (zAstra) kA sammAna karate haiM kintu Atmadeva kA cintavana nahIM karate ve yamapura jAte haiM / are pAnanda ko prApta karanevAle ! ve naraka-nigoda rUpa yamapura ko jAte haiM / / 13 // ' jo manuSya siddha paramAtmA kA dhyAna karate haiM ve dhyAna ke bala se aSTa karmoM kA kSaya kara dete haiM / unake lie mokSa-nagara nikaTa hotA hai / phira karma unako saMsAra kA duHkha nahIM dete haiM / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! karma aise prANI ko bhava-duHkha, pIr3A nahIM dete // 14 // muni bhI yahI kahate haiM ki saMsAra kA kucha karane-dharane meM jinendra bhagavAn asamartha haiM / unake zuddha karane se hamArI AtmA zuddha nahIM hotii| tInoM lokoM ke lie yahI mArga kahA gayA hai ki jo jaisA puruSArtha karate haiM vaisA hI unakA honahAra hotA hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! vaisA hI unakA honahAra hotA hai // 15 // jisa prakAra lakar3I (kASTha) meM agni vyApta rahatI hai, puSpoM meM sugandha rahatI hai, usI prakAra deha meM jIva basatA hai - isa bAta ko koI viralA vyakti hI samajhatA hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! koI viralA vyakti hI isa bAta ko samajhatA hai // 16 //
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________________ 116 baMdha viharaNau deu siu, kamaladila jaba jima, vihINu / gimmalu malahaM gavi tasu pAvu ra puSNu 7 6 // zrANaMdA re ! gavi tasu pAvu raMga puSNu // 17 // hari-hara-baMbhu bi siva kahI, mana-budhi lakho na jAi / majjha sarIrahaM so vasaI, lIjaha guruhaM pasAI 7 7 // prAgaMdA re ! lIjaha guruhaM pasAi // 18 // 79 pharasa 78. 8 - gaMdha-rasa - bAhirau, jIva sarIrahaM bhinnu 2 kari, sadaguru jAragai soi 89 ekucha samau bhANe rahAha, rUva viharaNau 0 soi 8 1 / // 8 84 deu saceNu jhAiyai, " taM jiya 86 paru 7 vivahAru 8 / 88 zrANaMdA re ! sadaguru jAraMgai soi // 19 // 1, 90 dhaga dhagaM kammu-payAlu 1 // zrANaMdA re ! dhagadhaga kammu-payAlu ||20|| 111 appA 110 saMjama sIlu-1 va 114, ta-saMjamu 115 - deu-guru, jainavidyA 3 3 95 jApu japai bahu tava tavai, 92 to vi3 ga kamma 94 hara' 1 eku sama appA 7 murAI, ,98 caugai 99 pAriga raga dei 100 // ANaMdA re ! caugai pAri ra deha // 21 // 109 - sAru // sI appA 101 muriNa 102 jIva tuhuM, 103 ahaMkAri 104 parihAru 105 1 sahaja samAdhi 100 jANiyaMi, ' 107. je 108 jiraNasAsaraNa ' zrAgaMdA re ! je jisAsara sAha || 22 guNu, 118 116 ppA daMsara-gA 118 1 zrappA pahu vviANu ' // zrAgaMdA re ! appA pahu rivvANu 117 11231 112 paramappau... bhAyayai, jo so sAcaDa 119 vivahAru / samakita bodhaha 120 bAhirau, kaNu 1-2 [1-21 viNu gaes parAru 122 11 ANaMdA re ! kaNu viNu gahai parAru // 24 // mAya- bappa kulu 1 28 jAti viNu, sammakadiTThihi jAriyas, / gau tasu rosu Na rAu 124 sadaguru ( karai subhAu 125 ANaMdA re ! sadaguru karai subhAu // 25 // U
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________________ " jaina vidyA 117 jo sabhI prakAra ke bandhanoM se vihIna hai, sabhI maloM se rahita nirmala hai, vaha deva ziva hai / jisa prakAra kamalinI ke patte para sthita pAnI kI bUMda usase sarvathA bhinna rahatI hai, usI prakAra ziva pApa-puNya se sarvathA bhinna hai, vaha inase achUtA rahatA hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! ziva ( paramAtmA) ke pApa-puNya nahIM hote // 17 // paramAtmA ko hari, hara, brahma, ziva bhI kahA gayA hai / use mana se, buddhi se dekhA nahIM jA sakatA / sampUrNa zarIra meM usakA vAsa hai / guru ke prasAda se unake darzana hote haiM / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! guru ke prasAda se paramAtmA ke darzana hote haiM // 18 // paramAtmA rUpa se vihIna arUpI haiN| unake rasa, gaMdha, sparza Adi nahIM haiM / jo sadguru haiM, ve bhedavijJAna ke bala se jIva aura zarIra ko bhinna karake jAnate haiM / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! sadguru paramAtmA ko jAnate haiM || 19 || jo caitanya mUrti zuddhAtmA (traikAlika dhruva eka jJAyaka bhAva ) kA dhyAna karatA hai vaha nizcaya se paramAtmA hai / anya sabhI vyavahAra hai / jo eka samaya ke lie bhI apanI zuddhAtmA ke dhyAna meM sthira rahatA hai usake karmarUpI payAla dhaga dhaga karake jala jAtA hai / are zrAnanda ko prApta karanevAle ! AtmadhyAnI ke karma payAla kI bhA~ti dhaga dhaga karake jala jAte haiM ||20|| jApa japane se, bahuta tapa karane se bhI karma kA nAza nahIM hotA / eka samaya ke lie bhI prANI apanI AtmA kA anubhava karatA hai to karma prANI ko caturgati nahIM de sakatA nanda ko prApta karanevAle ! aise prANI ko karma caturgati meM nahIM ghumA sakatA ||21|| hai / he jIva ! ahaMkAra ( maiM aura merApanA arthAt grAtmabuddhi) chor3a kara tU apane Apa kA anubhava kara / nirvikalpa sahaja samAdhi meM AtmA kA anubhava hotA hai jo jinazAsana kA sAra hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! nija AtmA kA anubhava hI jinendra bhagavAn ke zAsana kA sAra hai // 22 // AtmA saMyama hai, zIla hai, darzana-jJAna Adi guNoM se yukta hai / zrAtmA hI vrata, tapa, saMyama, deva, guru aura mokSa mArga hai / are zrAnanda ko prApta karanevAle ! AtmA hI mokSamArga hai 12311 paramAtmA kA dhyAna karanA hI saccA vyavahAra hai / isake sivAya anya samyaktva tathA AtmajJAna se pare haiM, jisa prakAra dAne ke binA chilake kA grahaNa karanA hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! dAne ke binA chilake kA grahaNa karanA hai ||24|| samyakUSTi ( zrAtmajJAnI) yaha jAnatA hai ki mUla vastu kA koI janaka nahIM hai / isalie na koI mAtA-pitA hai, na kula aura na jAti hai / ataH ina para usakI rAga-dveSa kI dRSTi nahIM hotI / sadguru apane svabhAva kA anusaraNa karatA hai / are zrAnanda ko prApta karanavAle ! sadguru apane svabhAva meM rahatA hai || 25
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________________ 118 janavidyA paramANaMda 126 - sarovaraha,127 je muNi karaI pavesu128 / amiya mahArasu jai pibai,129 guru-sAmihi130 upadesu // pANaMdA re ! guru sAmihi upadesu // 26 // mahi sAhiM ramariNahi ramahi, je cakkAhivahoi / pANavaleNa jiNeva muNi, sivapuri NiyaDA hoi131 // pANaMdA re ! sivapuri riNayaMDA hoi // 27 // sikkha 132 suNai133 sadaguru bhaNai,134 paramANaMda135 sahAu / paramaboti136 tasu ulhasai, kojai Nimmalu137 bhAu // pANaMdA re! kojai pimmalu bhAu138 // 28 // iMdiya-maNu vi chohiyau,139 ceyaNu140 kaya141 upadesu142 / udaya karatau vAriyaDa,143 suraNayau jANu Na desu144 // pANaMdA re ! suraNayau jANu Na desu145 129 // gayakubhatyali146 jema diDha, kesari karai147 pahA / paramasamAhi148 Na bhullahi, rahiyau hui149 NirakAra // - pANaMdA re ! rahiyau hui NirakAra 150 30 // puSvakiya151 mala - Nijjurai, gayA raNa hoNahaM dei| appA puNu maNu raMgiyau, kevalaNANu havei152 // pANaMdA re ! kevalaNANa havei // 31 // deva bajAvahiM duMduhi, thui ju baMbhu-murAri / iMdu-phariNadu vi cakkavai, tetisu uragahi vAru (ri)153 // pANaMdA re ! tetisu uragahi vAru // 32 // kevalaNANu vi . upajjai, sadaguru-vacana-pasAu / jagu sacarAcara so muNai, rahai ju sahajasubhAu154 // prAradA re! rahai ju sahajasubhAu // 3311 sadaguru 155 tUThA pAvayai,156 mugati1 5 7-tiyA-ghara-vAsu / so guru Nitu-Nitu jhAiyA, jaba lagi hiye usAsu158 // pANaMdA re ! jaga lagi hiye usAsu // 34 //
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________________ jainavidyA 119 -- jo muni parama Ananda ke sarovara meM praveza karake amRta mahArasa kA pAna karate haiM ve jinendra bhagavAn tathA sadguru ke upadeza kA pAlana karate haiM / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! aise muni hI bhagavAn tathA sadguru kA upadeza pAlana karate haiM / / 26 / / jo yuddha meM pRthvI ko jIta kara ramaNiyoM se ramaNa karate haiM ve cakrAdhipa (cakravartI) nareza hote haiM / isI prakAra jJAna ke bala se karma-cakra ko jItate hue jo prAtmA kA anubhava karate haiM unake zivapura nikaTa hotA hai / are prAnanda ko prApta karanevAle ! unake zivapura (mokSa) nikaTa hotA hai // 27 // sadguru kahate haiM, ziSya sunate haiM - apanI AtmA kA svabhAva paramAnanda hai / zuddhabhAva se cinmaya-jyoti-svarUpa vaha paramajyoti prakAzita hotI hai| ataH apane bhAva nirmala kara / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! apane bhAva zuddha kara / / 28 // cetana ke lie hI yaha upadeza diyA jAtA hai ki indriya tathA mana meM kSobha utpanna hone para una para niyantraNa rakhanA cAhiye, anya pradeza meM yaha upadeza nahIM sunA jAtA hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! jIva-loka ko chor3a kara anya kisI deza meM yaha upadeza nahIM sunA jAtA hai / / 29 // jaise baliSTha hAthI ke kumbhasthala para siMha prahAra karatA hai vaise jJAnI mithyAtva gaja ko parAsta kara parama-samAdhi meM lIna hotA hai| parama-samAdhi ko jJAnI nahIM bhUlate haiN| usa samaya ve nirAkAra hokara rahate haiM / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! jJAnI paramasamAdhi meM nirAkAra hokara rahate haiM / / 30 / jJAnI ke pUrva meM baMdhe hue mala (karma) jhar3a jAte haiM aura naye ba~dhate nahIM haiM / apanA upayoga AtmA meM lagAne se kevalajJAna hotA hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! apane svarUpa meM lIna rahane se kevalajJAna (pUrNa jJAna) hotA hai / / 31 // deva duMdubhi bajAte haiM, brahma, kRSNa stuti karate haiN| indra, phaNIndra, cakravartI tathA tetIsa prakAra ke uraganAtha samAdhi meM lIna yogI para bali-bali jAte haiM / are prAnanda ko prApta karanevAle ! samAdhi meM lIna yogI para anya saba devI-devatA nyauchAvara ho jAte haiM / / 32 // sadguru ke vacana ke prasAda se jo AtmA kA anubhava karatA hai use kevalajJAna kI prApti hotI hai| kevalajJAna meM tIna loka ke tInoM kAloM meM honevAle cara-acara padArtha va sampUrNa jaga pratyakSa pratibimbita hotA hai| phira, vaha sahaja svabhAva satat rahatA hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! sahaja svabhAva sadA kAla rahatA hai / / 33 / / ___ "sadguru" ke santuSTa (apane svarUpa meM sthira) hone para mukti-ramA kA vAsa prApta hotA hai / jaba taka hRdaya meM sAMsa hai taba taka pratidina aise guru kA dhyAna karanA cAhiye / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! jaba taka zvAsocchvAsa hai taba taka aise guru kA dhyAna karo // 34 //
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________________ jainavidyA - guru jiNavara guru siddha-siu,159 guru rayaNataya1 60-sAra / so darisAvai appa1 61 - paru, bhavajala pAvai182 pAra // pANaMdA re ! bhavajala pAvai pAra // 35 // ___pAhaNa18 pUji164 ma siru185 dhuNahu,166 tIratha kAI bhameu187 / deva : saceyaNu sacca , guru, * jo darisAvai bheu168 // pANaMdA re! jo darisAvai bheu // 36 // sukhAi suNAvai aNubhavai, . so. raNaru sivapuri jaai| ....kAmahaNaNa. bhava-riNadalaNa, bhaviyaNa hiyai samAi18 // ..' prANaMdA re ! bhaviyaraNa hiyai samAi / / 37 // suNatahaM . pANaMdu ullasai, mtthyennaanntilgu| . mukuTamaNi siri sohayai, sAhu guru * pAlahu jogu17 // pANaMdA re ! sAhu guru pAlahu jogu // 38 // samarasabhA171 raMgiyA, appA dekhai soi17 | appau jANai aNubhavai,173 karai174 NirAlaMba hoi17 // pANaMdA re ! karai NirAlaMba hoi // 39 // suNataha hiyaDA karamarai, matthaye upajaha sogu / ... praNakhu baDhai bahu - hiya re, * micchAdiTThI. jogu110 // . pANaMdA re ! micchAdiTThI jogu // 400 hiMDolA chaMdi gAiyau, ANaMdatilaku ju gAu / * mahANaMdi - dikkhAliyau, aba hauM sivapuri jAu17 // pANaMdA re ! aba hauM sivapuri jAu // 41 // bali. kijjau.. guru ApaNai, pheDiya mana-saMdehu / viSu tehiM viNu vATihiM, jiNa darisAyau mehu178 // ANaMdA re ! jiNa darisAyau mehu // 42 // sadaguru-vANI .. jaya havau, . bhaNai mahANaMdideva / sivapuri jAye jAriNayai, karai cidAnaMdiseva17 // . . ANaMdA re ! karai cidAnaMdiseva // 43 // samApta180
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________________ jainavidyA 121 guru hI jinendra bhagavAn haiM, guru siddha bhagavAn haiM, guru ziva haiM aura guru ratnatraya - sArasvarUpa haiM / ve hI apane para ke svarUpa ko dikhalAnevAle haiM jisase saMsArarUpI samudra se pAra ho jAte haiM / are zrAnanda ko prApta karanevAle ! unake mArgadarzana se jIva saMsArasamudra se pAra ho jAte haiM / 1351 patthara ko pUja kara sira mata dhuno, tIrthoM meM ghUmane se bhI kyA ? caitanya cinmAtra hI saccA guru hai jo prAtmA-paramAtmA ke bheda ko darzAtA hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! apanA caitanya zrAtmA hI zrAtmA-paramAtmA kA bheda darzAnevAlA hai ||36|| jo apane zuddhAtmA bhagavAn ko sunatA hai, sunAtA hai aura usakA anubhava karatA hai vahI manuSya mukti-purI meM jAtA hai| jo karmoM kA hanana karanA cAhate haiM, saMsAra kA nirdalana karanA cAhate haiM unake hRdaya meM hI yaha bAta samAtI hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! bhavya jIvoM ko hI yaha bAta samajha meM AtI hai // 37 // jinake mastaka para jJAna kA tilaka hai, sira para anubhUti kA mukuTamariNa hai aura jo ANaMdA ko sunate hI ullasita ho jAte haiM ve sAdhu guru hI yoga ko dhAraNa karate haiM / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! ve sAdhu guru hI prAtmadhyAnI yogI hote haiM // 38 // jo samatA bhAva meM lIna rahate haiM, apane jJAna netroM se AtmA kA darzana karate haiM, apanI AtmA kA jo anubhava karate haiM, ve hI nirAlamba hote haiM / are zrAnanda ko prApta karanevAle ! jo AtmA kA anubhava karate haiM, ve hI Alambanarahita hote haiM // 39 // isako sunate hI jisakA hRdaya kasamasAne lagatA hai, mastiSka meM zoka utpanna ho jAtA hai, jisake mana meM roSa bar3ha jAtA hai vaha mithyAdRSTi hai / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! vaha mithyAdRSTi hai ||401 maiM prAnandatilaka nAmavAle isa kAvya ko hiNDolA chanda meM gAtA hU~ / mahAn Ananda kA darzana mujhe karAyA gayA hai isalie aba maiM zivapurI (mokSa) jAtA hU~ / zra zrAnanda ko prApta karanevAle ! aba maiM zivapurI jAtA hU~ ||41 // apane mana ke bhrama-sandeha kA nivAraNa karake maiM apane guru para bali - bali jAtA hU~ jinhoMne binA tela (rAga) aura binA bAtI ( sAdhana) ke zrAtmA tathA paramAtmA kA bheda darzAyA hai, una sadguru para nyauchAvara hU~ are aAnanda ko prApta karanevAle ! jinhoMne yaha bheda dikhalAyA hai unakI balihArI hai // 42 // mahAn Ananda ko darzAnevAle sadgurudeva yaha kahate haiM ki zivapurI (mokSamArga) zrAye binA aura cidAnanda caitanyadeva kI sevA kie binA paramabrahma kI prApti nahIM hotI - yaha sadguru-vAraNI jayavanta hove / are Ananda ko prApta karanevAle ! cidAnanda caitanyadeva kI sevA karo // 143 //
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________________ pAThabheda 1. (ka) cidAnanda (kha) cidAnandu 2. (ka) saniMda (kha) soNaMdu 3. (ka) jina 4. (ka) sayalasarIrahaM soi 5. (ka) mahAnaMdi sau 6. (ka) gagana maMDala . 7. (ka) hoi 8. (ka) apu niraMjanu appu siva (kha) apu NiraMjaNu parama siu 9. (ka) paramAnaMdu 10. (ka) muDhU kudeUna pUjie (kha) mUDha kudevaNa pUjiyai 11. (ka) bhUlau 12. (kha) aTThasaTThi ---13. (kha) paribhamaI 14. (ka) marahi bhavaMta 15. (ka) apA 16. (ka) na 17. (kha) appaviMdu Na jANahi 18. (ka) ghaTTa mahi deu anaMdu (kha) ghaTa mahiM deva annNtu| 19. (ka) pAyamalu (kha) bhittari bhariu pAumalu 20. (ka) mUDha karahiM sanAnu (kha) mUDhA karahi saNhANu 21. (ka) jo malu lAgau cittamahiM (kha) je mala lAgaM cita mahi 22. (ka) te kyo jAhi sanAna (kha) kima jAya saNhANi 23. (ka) dhyAnu (kha) jhAraNa 24. (kha) julu 25. (ka) munIyara karahiM znAnu (kha) muNivaru karai saNhANu 26. (ka) ATha karmamala dhovahi (kha) aTTha karmamala dhovahiM 27. (ka) niyarau pahu nivvANu 28. (ka) veNI saMgamu jina 29. (ka) jalanI jhaMpa na dehu
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________________ jainavidyA 123 liye . . .. / 30. (ka) dhyAnu agani tanu jAliye 31. (ka) karma paTala khyo leMDe (kha) kammapaTala khau lehu 32. (ka) sathu paDhaMtau mUDha jau, pAlau jau vyauhAra (kha) satyu paDhaMttau mUDha ma jai, pAlaI jaNa vivahAru 33. (ka) kAi (kha) kAI 34. (ka) pUjie (kha) pUjiyaI 35. (ka) moSa 36. (ka) pau tau 37. (ka) sIla 38. (ka) sahai mahAvaya (kha) sahaya mahavvaya 39. (ka) na 40. (kha) jANaI paramakula 41. (ka) bhamisI (kha) bhamIyai 42. (ka) (kha) keI 43. (ka) lucAvahi 44. (ka) (kha) kei 45. (ka) apA je mana bhAvahi, kima pAvhi bhavapAru (kha) AppaviMdaNa jANahi kima yAvahi bhacayAru 46. (ka) tIni kAla bAhiri vasa (kha) tiNi kAlu vAhira basahiM 47. (ka) sahai parIsaha bhAru . . 48. (ka) darasana nyAnaha vAhirai 49. (ka) mArisa e jama kAlu (kha) marisai e jamu kAlu 50. (ka) pAkha mAsa (kha) pAkhi mAsi 51. (ka) kara 52. (ka) pANI (kha) pariNau 53. (ka) apA jhAyani (kha) appA bhayAi Na 54. (ka) tina hoi (kha) ttiha Nai 55. (ka) lyaMga 56. (ka) muni 57. (ka) tusai (kha) tUsa 58. (ka) NivaMtu 59. (ka) ApA eku na jhAvahi, syaupuri jAi turaMta (kha) appA ikka Na jhyAvahiM, siMvapuri jAi NibhaMtu 60. (ka) jinavara pUjahi guru thuvahi, sathaihi jhUnuM karAhi / apA deu na jhAvahi, te nara jamapuri jAhi / / (kha) jiNavaru pujjau guru thuNahiM, satthaI mANu kraaii| appA deva raNa citavahi, te para jamapuri jAI / /
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________________ 124 janavidhA 61. (ka) jinavaru sidhahaM jhAiyai, re jIva tuM jhAehi / . ____mokhu mahApuri nIyaDau, bhavaduha pANI deha // . (kha) joNIru siddhahaM sAIyau, ari kSiyataM jhAehiM / mokhu mahApuru NIyaDau, bhavaduhu pANiya dehi / / 62. (ka) asamathu 63. (ka) bhaNahiM 64. (ka) nirmalu na malu hoi (kha) raNa mallu na hoI 65. (ka) ttihuyaNi akkhiye 66. (ka) AppA 67. (kha) hoI 68. (kha) vaisANara kaDa mahi 69. (kha) kusumai 70. (ka) paramalu 71. (kha) hoI 72. (ka) jiu 73. (kha) tiha dehamai vasai jiva 74. (kha) ciralA 75. (kha) koI 76. (ka) baMdha vihuNau deha siU, narmalu malaha vihUNa / ' kammaliNidalu jima vaMdijai, nA tasu pAva nu puMna // (kha) vaMdha viiNau deha siu, Nimmalu maluhaM vihINu / . kamalaNidali jala jima viMdu jima, raNa vi tasu pAva Nu puNa // 77. (ka) hari hari vaMbha na tAsu muNi, manavudhi lakhyau na jaaii| mAMhi sarIrahaM pariThiya, lIjai gurahaM pasAi // (kha) hari hara vaMbhu vi siva NahI, maNu vuddhi lakkhiu Na jaaii| madhya sarIrahe so vasai, lIjahiM guruhiM pasAI // 78. (ka) phAsa 79. (ka) vAhirai (kha) rasa gaMdha vAhiraU 80. (ka) vihUNo 81. (kha) soI 82. (kha) viNu 83. (ka) sadguru jAnai koi (kha) sahaguru jANaI soI 84. (ka) saceyaNa 85. (ka) jhAie (kha) jhAiyaI 86. (ka) tijie 87. (kha) pari
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________________ jainavidyA 88. ( ka ) vyauhAru 89. (kha) eka 90. ( ka ) samau bhAna lInu 91. (ka) dagdhai karmma payAru 92. (ka) jApa japai bahuta tavaM 93. (ka) tau ga 94. (ka) (kha) karmma 95. ( kha ) hoI 96. (kha) eka 97. ( ka ) apA 98. ( ka ) mUniu 99. ( ka ) co gai 100. (ka) pAnyau dei (kha) pANiu deI 101. (kha) appAM 102. ( ka ) muni 103. ( ka ) tuha 104. ( ka ) anahaMkahi (kha) ahaMkari 105. (ka) prahAru 106. ( ka ) samAdhI 107. (ka) jANie (kha) z2ANiyaI 108. ( ka ) jo 109. ( kha ) jiraNa sAsariNa 110. (kha) appa 111. (ka) (kha) sIla 112. (kha) guNa 113. (ka) darzanu nyAnu 114. (ka) vatu 115. (kha) saMjama 116. ( ka ) AppA pahu nirvANu 117. saMkhyA 22 kA chaMda ( ka ) (kha) samaI jhAraNA rahahiM (kha). dhaga dhaga kammapayAlu ( kha ) tavaI 118. ( kha ) jhAvaI pATha bheda Upara diye jA cuke haiM / 119. (kha) sAccau 120. ( kha ) sammaku bodhai 121. (kha) kaNu 122. ( kha ) gahiu payAlu (kha) te pAvahi riNavANu prati meM saMkhyA 23 ke chaMda ke pazcAt hai jisake 125
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________________ 126 janavidyA 123. (ka) mAi vApu kulu (kha) kula 124. (ka) nA tisu rAu na rosu (kha) Nau tesu rosu Na rAvaM 125. (ka) samaktidRSTi jANie, sadaguru ke upadesa (kha) samyadiTThi hi jANiyai, sadaguru karaI sabhAu 126. yaha chaMda saMkhyA 27 (ka) prati meM nahIM hai| 127. (kha) zarovarahaM 128. (kha) karaI pavesu 129. (kha) pivaI 130. (kha) svAmihi 131. (ka) maha sodhe khaNi khahi, je cakkavai va hoi| / nyAnavalena jItevi muni, syaupuru niyaDau soi // . (kha) mahi sAdhahi ramaNihiM ramahi, ramahiM je cakkAhi hvei| . NANavalena jiNeva muNi, sivapuri NiyeDA hohi / / 28 / 132. (ka) prati meM nimna dohA yahA~ hai jo (kha) aura (ga) prati meM saMkhyA 30 kA chaMda hai| kuMbhasthali jo madi dra, kesari karai praahaaru| / prema rAhi na bhUlie, rahie nirahaMkAra 133. (kha) sikkhu susikkhu 134. (kha) bhaNaiM 135. (kha) paramAnaMda 136. (kha) paramajyoti 137. (kha) Nimalu 138. (ka) prati meM yaha chaMda 29 chaMda ke pazcAt hai / 139. (ka) iMdI manahi vi chAhie (kha) iMdiya maNa vichohiyaU 140. (kha) cetaNu 141. (ka) kara (kha) karai 142. (kha) pravesu 143. (ka) udau karate vArie 144. (ka) sUta jANahi desu (kha) muNau jANa Na deu 145. chaMda 29 ke pazcAt (ka) prati meM nimna chaMda hai jo (kha) aura (ga) pratiyo meM 28 saMkhyA kA chaMda hai - sikhu suNa sadaguru bhaNe, paramAnaMda sahAu / paramajoti tsu ulhasa, rahie sahaja subhAi / 146. (kha) gayakUbhatthali 147. (kha) karaI
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________________ janavidyA 127 148. paramasamAhi 149. dahiyau dui riNakkhAru 150. (ka) prati meM yaha chaMda 27 evaM 28 ke madhya hai jo TippaNa 132 para uddhRta kiyA gayA hai| 151. (ka) prati meM 30 aura 31 ke madhya nimna dohA hai . samarasa bhAva raMgie, aMpA dekhai soi / aMpA jANai paru haNai, karai nirAraMbu vAsu // .. 152. (ka) pUrva kiya karma nirjarahi, nahu nahu upajana dei / / prApA nAmu na raMgie, * kevalu nyAnu havei // (kha) kevalaNANa havei (ka) deu vajAvahi duduhi, thuNai ju baMbha muraarii| . . iMdu phariNadu vi cakavai, tetisu uragahi vAru // .. (kha) deva vajAvahi dudahi, thuNahiM ji vaMbhu murAri / iMda phariNada vi cakkavai, tiNi vi lAgai pAyAI // 33 / / 154. (ka) kevalanyAnu vi upajai, sadagura ke upadesa / jagu saMjaku caru su mine, rahae sahaja subhAI / / (kha) kevalaNANa vi upajjaI, sadaguru vacana psaau| jaga su carAcara so muNo, rahai ju sahaju subhAI // 155. (ka) prati meM yaha chanda yahA~ na hokara chaMda 37 ke bAda hai / 156. (kha) tuThA pAvayaI . 157. (kha) mugati 158. (kha) niru tU jhAiya, jaba lagu hiyaDai sAsu // 35 // 159. (ka) sidha sahu 160. (ka) rayaNihinataya 161. (ka) darasAvai appu 162. (ka) pAvahi 163. (kha) kuguruha 164. (ka) puji 165. (kha) sira 166. (ka), dhUNahi 167. (ka) tirathu kAi bhamei (kha) kAi bhamehu 168. (ka) deva saceyaNu satyaguru, jo darisAvai bheu (kha) deha saceyaNu saMgha guru, jo darisAvahi bheva 169. (ka) sunai sunAvai anubhamai, sau naru syaupuri jAI / karma haNe bhava nirdalau, gopAla hie samAi /
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________________ 128 jainavidyA (kha) paDhai pADhAvai aNacarai, so Naru sivapuri jAI / / kammahaNa bhava NidaNNi, bhaviyaNa hiyai samAi // 38 // 170. (ka) suNatahaM AnaMdu ulhasai, mastika nyAnatilAku / mukaTumariNa sira sohai, sAhu gopAlahaM jogu // (kha) suNatahaM ANaMda ullasaI, mastaki nnaanntilku| . mukaTumaNi sira sohavaI, sAhu gupAlA hu jogu // 39 // 171. (ka) prati meM yaha chaMda 30 ke pazcAt hai / 172. (kha) soI 173. (kha) parahaNaI 174. (kha) karaI 175. (kha) hoI 176. (ka) sunataha hiyai karamara, mastika upaja suuru| . aNakhu baDhe vahu hiyara, mithyAdiSTi jogu / (kha) suNataha hiyaDai kalamalaI, mastaki upajjai sUla / aNakhu baDhAvai bahu hiyai, michAdiThThI joMgu // 41 / / 177. (ka) hiMDolA chaMdu gAie, anaMdAtiluku ju nAU / mahAnaMdi deu yau bhaNe, ibi hau syaupuri jAi / (kha) hiMdolA chaMdi gAiyaI, prANaMditilaku ji pAu / mahANaMdi dakkhA liyau, ava hau sivapuri jAI // 42 // 178. (ka) vali kijo guru ApaNa phele manasaMdehu / vina telahi vinu vAtiyahi, jina dariso ye bheU // vali kAjau guru ApaNai, pheDI manaha bharAMti / viNu telahiM viNu vATiyahi, jiNa darisAvau bheu / / 43 // 179. (ka) sadaguruvANI jAu chau, bhaNe mahAnadi deu / syaupuri jANya jANie, karai cidAnaMdi seva / / (kha) prati meM kevala itanA hI chanda hai ___sadaguru cAraNi jau hau, bhaNai mahA pANaMdi / 180. (ka) iti anaMdAtilaku samAptaM ||ch|| noTa :- 'ka' aura 'kha' pratiyoM meM 'pANaMdA re' athavA 'aNaMdAre' ye zabda tIsare tathA cauthe pada ke madhya haiM aura kevala cAra hI pada haiN| unameM cauthe pada kI 'pANaMdA re' yaha likhakara punarAvRtti nahIM kI gaI hai|
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________________ jainavidyA saMsthAna, zrImahAvIrajI rAjasthAna ke pUrvI aMcala meM sar3aka mArga se jayapura va AgarA se 175 tathA bhArata kI rAjadhAnI dillI se 300 ki. mI. kI dUrI para jilA savAI mAdhopura tahasIla hiNDauna (rAjasthAna) meM gambhIra nadI ke suramya taTa para zrImahAvIrajI kA pavitra tIrtha avasthita hai| rela-mArga se dillI-bambaI mukhya rela-lAina para bharatapura va gaMgApura ke madhya "zrImahAvIrajI" relve sTezana se karIba 6 ki. mI. moTara/basa ke dvArA isa tIrthakSetra para pahuMcA jA sakatA hai| isa deza meM aneka maMdira va mUrtiyA~ haiM parantu unameM kucha hI mUrtiyAM aisI haiM jinakI prANapratiSThA abhI taka jIvanta hai athavA ve cAmatkArika haiN| aisI cAmatkArika pratimAoM meM eka pratimA zrImahAvIrajI digambara jaina atizaya kSetra para virAjamAna hai| lAla pASANa tathA saMgamaramara se nirmita kalAtmaka bhavya jinAlaya meM virAjamAna tAmravarNa kI bhagavAn mahAvIra kI yaha parama digambara padmAsana pratimA lagabhaga 400 varSa pUrva cAmatkArika DhaMga se bhUgarbha se prakaTa huI thI jisake ninimeSa darzana karate rahane para bhI tRpti nahIM hotii| yahI kAraNa hai ki ukta pratimA ke darzana hetu jaina va jainetara sabhI vargoM aura sampradAyoM ke bhaktagaNa binA kisI bhedabhAva ke khiMce cale Ate haiN| jainadharma kA sarvodayI svarUpa sacce arthoM meM yahA~ pratibhAsita hotA hai| isa pAvana tIrtha para yAtriyoM ko AvAsa, bijalI, pAnI Adi sabhI prakAra kI Adhunika suvidhAeM upalabdha haiN| yahA~ sadaiva darzanArthiyoM kI bhIr3a lagI rahatI hai| jaMgala jaisI nIravatA tathA nagaroM jaisI cahala-pahala donoM virodhI chora yahA~ Akara milate haiM / ___ isa digambara jaina tIrthakSetra kI prabandhakAriNI kameTI ne apanA kAryakSetra kevala maMdira kI vyavasthA tathA darzanArthiyoM kI sukha-suvidhA taka hI sImita nahIM rakhA apitu, pUre grAma ke nAgarikoM ke lie pAnI, bijalI, sar3akeM, zikSA, cikitsA Adi kI suvidhAeM upalabdha karAne ke lie vaha pUrNatayA saceSTa hai / yaha kameTI honahAra kintu Arthika abhAva
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________________ 130 jainavidyA se grasta chAtroM ko zikSA hetu chAtravRtti tathA vikalAMga, vRddha va vipanna vidhavAoM ke lie Arthika sahAyatA kI bhI vyavasthA karatI hai| elopaithika DispeMsarI ke sAtha Ayurvedika auSadhAlaya to varSoM se tIrthasthala para sevArata hai hI, yoga va prAkRtika cikitsAlaya kI yojanA bhI kriyAnvita kI jA rahI hai| maMdira aura jaina purAtatva ke sthAnoM ko surakSita rakhane tathA jaina vAGamaya ke pracAra-prasAra va anusaMdhAna kA kArya bhI isa samiti kI gatividhiyoM ke aMga haiN| jainavidyA saMsthAna jaina tIrtha pUjA-bhakti ke sAtha-sAtha jaina saMskRti kI rakSA tathA usake pracAra-prasAra ke mahAn kendra rahe haiN| jaba kAlagata paristhitiyoM ke kAraNa digambara sAdhuoM ke vihAra Adi meM bAdhAe~ AIM taba bhaTTAraka saMsthA kA prAdurbhAva huA / bhaTTArakoM ne vizeSatayA jaina tIrthoM ko saMskRti ke prasAra kA kendra banAyA aura sAre bhArata meM vihAra kara apanI vidvattA tathA sAdhanA ke bala para saMskRti kA saMrakSaNa evaM pracAra-prasAra kiyaa| isake lie unhoMne prAcIna graMthoM kI hajAroM lAkhoM pratilipiyA~ karavAIM, navIna graMthoM kA nirmANa kiyA aura bar3e-bar3e graMthAgAroM kI sthApanA kii| zrImahAvIrajI tIrtha ke pAsa bhI eka graMtha bhaNDAra hai| jo thor3A-bahuta jaina sAhitya vizva ke cintakoM aura manISiyoM ke sammukha aba taka rakhA jA sakA hai use dekhakara Aja eka svara se yaha svIkArA jAne lagA hai ki vizva ko trANa dilAne ke upAya haiM - bhagavAn mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita ahiMsA, aparigraha aura anekAnta ke siddhAMta / Aja vizva ko mahAvIra ke siddhAMtoM kI jitanI adhika AvazyakatA hai utanI zAyada atIta meM kabhI nahIM rhii| ataH hamArA kartavya hai ki yuga kI isa mAMga ko pUrA kreN| ___ isI dRSTi se kSetra kI prabandhakAriNI kameTI ne Aja se lagabhaga 37 varSa pUrva prasiddha dArzanika vidvAn evaM sAhityasevI sva. paM. cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha kI preraNA evaM kSetra ke tatkAlIna maMtrI sva. zrI rAmacandra khindUkA ke athaka prayAsoM se Amera zAstra bhaMDAra ko jayapura sthAnAntarita kara eka sAhitya zodha vibhAga kI sthApanA kI thii| isa vibhAga ne rAjasthAna ke aneka maMdiroM ke jaina zAstra bhaNDAroM meM varSoM se baMda graMthoM kI pAMca vRhadAkAra sUciyA~ prakAzita kI jinase prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza evaM hindI kI hajAroM ajJAta jaina racanAeM prakAza meM aaiiN| sAhitya zodha vibhAga dvArA aneka mahattvapUrNa graMtha bhI prakAzita kiye gye| DaoN. kastUracanda kAsalIvAla evaM paM. anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha kA prakAzana kArya meM paryApta yogadAna rhaa| __isa kArya ko adhika vyApaka rUpa pradAna karane kI dRSTi se kSetra kI prabaMdhakAriNI kameTI ne sAhitya zodha vibhAga ko vRhadAkAra dekara kSetra para hI jainavidyA saMsthAna (Institute of Jainology) kI sthApanA kI hai / isa saMsthAna ke uddezya haiM - 1. prAkRta, apabhraMza, saMskRta, tamila, kannar3a, rAjasthAnI, hindI Adi bhASAoM ke .. aprakAzita sAhitya ko Adhunika zailI meM sampAdita kara prakAzita krnaa|
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________________ jainavidyA 2. cAroM anuyogoM ke mUla graMtha aura unake anuvAda hindI, aMgrejI tathA anya bhASAoM meM prakAzita karanA / 131 3. jaina purANa, darzana, nyAya Adi ke saMkSipta janopayogI saMskaraNa taiyAra karanA / 4. jaina darzana, zrAcAra, itihAsa, kalA, sAhitya Adi para maulika pustakeM taiyAra karanA / 5. deza meM jaina bhaNDAroM kI pANDulipiyoM ko vyavasthita karAnA tathA unakI sUciyA~ banAnA, unake saMgrahaNa evaM saMrakSaraNa kI vyavasthA karanA / 6. durlabha pustakoM evaM mahattvapUrNa graMthoM kI pANDulipiyoM kI mAikrophilma banavA kara saMsthAna meM upalabdha karAnA / 7. deza - videza ke vidvAnoM ko abhISTa pANDulipiyoM kI phoTosTeTa, jIroksa Adi pratiyA~ unakI AvazyakatAnusAra upalabdha karAnA / 8. prAkRta, saMskRta, apabhraMza Adi bhASAtroM ke jaina graMthoM ke koza tathA prAkRta graMthoM kI anukramaNikA taiyAra karanA / 9. jaina viSayoM se sambandhita zodha-prabandhoM ko prakAzita karanA aura jaina viSayoM para zodha karanevAle chAtroM ko suvidhAeM prApta karAnA / 10. jaina kalA saMgrahAlaya kI sthApanA karanA / 11. samaya-samaya para jainavidyA para saMgoSThiyA~, bhASaNa, samAroha prAyojita karanA va karAnA / 12. videzoM meM jaina vidyA ke kendroM ko sthApita karAnA / 13. vizvavidyAlayoM meM jainavidyA ke adhyayana-adhyApana kI vyavasthA meM Avazyaka yoga denA / 14. prAcIna jaina kaviyoM ke AdhyAtmika tathA bhaktiparaka bhajanoM ke rekArDa evaM Tepa taiyAra karAnA / 15, jainadharma sambandhI bhASaNoM aura carcAoM ke Tepa taiyAra karAnA / 16. jaina tIrthoM kI philmoM kA saMgrahaNa evaM pradarzana karanA / 17. zrAkAzavANI tathA dUradarzana se jaina saMskRti ke prasAra kI vyavasthA karAnA / uparyukta uddezyoM kI pUrti hetu saMsthAna meM nimna sAta vibhAgoM kI sthApanA kI yojanA banAI gaI hai - (1) pustakAlaya vibhAga : isameM mudrita evaM hastalikhita graMtha saMgrahIta kiye jA rahe haiM / jo hastalikhita graMtha prApta na ho sakeMge unakI phoTosTeTa pratiyA~ karAI jAyeMgI / isa vibhAga meM mAikrophilmiMga kendra bhI kholane kI yojanA hai| vartamAna meM isa vibhAga meM 13,000 ke lagabhaga vibhinna viSayoM ke mudrita graMtha upalabdha haiM /
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________________ 132 jainavidyA pANDulipi vibhAga meM hastalikhita graMthoM kI saMkhyA 3500 se bhI adhika hai jinameM 700 ke lagabhaga guTake haiN| unameM pUjA, stotra, pada, vidhAna, carita, rAsA Adi vibhinna bhASAoM kI racanAeM saMgRhIta haiM jinakI saMkhyA hajAroM meM hai| bhaNDAra meM prAcInatama pANDulipi 10vIM zatAbdI I0 meM honevAle apabhraMza bhASA ke mahAkavi puSpadaMta dvArA racita uttarapurANa kI hai jisakI pratilipi muhammadazAha tugalaka ke rAjyakAla meM yoginIpura (dillI) meM vidyA aura hemarAja ne vi0 saM0 1391 meM karAI thii| prAkRta bhASA kA saMskRta TIkA sahita graMtha 'kriyAkalApa' saMvat 1399 meM pratilipIkRta hai| nAgarI lipi meM likhe graMthoM ke atirikta eka graMtha baMgalA, do graMtha kannar3a lipi meM tathA kucha gujarAtI bhASA kI nAgarI lipi meM likhita racanAe~ bhI haiM / kucha sacitra pratiyAM bhI haiN| abhI sarvekSaNa kArya cAlU hai / vidvAn isa kArya ko kara rahe haiN| (2) zoSa vibhAgaH isa vibhAga meM jaina purANa, darzana, nyAya, itihAsa, kalA Adi se sambandhita viSayoM para zodha-kArya evaM anya dharmoM ke tulanAtmaka adhyayana kI vyavasthA hai| prAcIna graMthoM evaM pANDulipiyoM kA sampAdana kArya bhI cAlU hai / vartamAna meM vidvAn jainapurANa koza kI taiyArI kara rahe haiM / isa kArya ke lie mahApurANa, harivaMzapurANa, pANDavapurANa, padmapurANa evaM varddha mAnapurANa, ina pAMca purANoM ko liyA gayA hai| inameM AI avAntara kathAoM ko bhI chA~TA gayA hai evaM sUktiyoM kA bhI cayana va hindI anuvAda kiyA jA rahA hai| "SaTkhaNDAgama koza" kI taiyArI kA kArya bhI pragati para hai / apabhraza ke pAdya kavi svayaMbhU para bhI zodha-kArya ho rahA hai / _ saMsthAna dvArA "jainavidyA" nAmaka eka arddhavArSika zodha-patrikA kA prakAzana bhI prArambha kiyA gayA hai evaM prativarSa saMgoSThiyoM evaM vyAkhyAnoM kA Ayojana kiyA jAtA hai| zodha ke kSetra meM kArya karane ke icchuka vyaktiyoM ko Avazyaka suvidhAe~ bhI yaha vibhAga pradAna karatA hai evaM jo vyakti zrImahAvIrajI meM Akara zodha-kArya karanA cAhate haiM, unake rahane tathA prAtithya kI ucita vyavasthA bhI isa vibhAga dvArA kI jAtI hai / (3) janopayogI sAhitya nirmANa vibhAga : isa vibhAga dvArA bAlakoM aura vayaskoM ke lie aise rocaka sAhitya kA nirmANa karAyA jAyagA jisase unameM dharma aura darzana ke prati ruci jAgRta ho ske| (4) kalA vibhAga ...isa vibhAga meM sthApatya, mUrti evaM citrakalA ke aise namUnoM kA saMgraha hogA jo jaina saMskRti ke kalAtmaka pakSa ko samajhane meM mahattvapUrNa hogaa|
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________________ 1.33 jainavidyA (5) anuvAda vibhAga : yaha vibhAga mahattvapUrNa graMthoM kA hindI, aMgrejI tathA anya samasAmayika bhASAoM meM anuvAda kraavegaa| jainadharma aura darzana ke viSaya meM loga apanI bhASA meM jJAna prApta kara sakeM - yaha ina anuvAdoM kA prayojana hogaa| (6) prasAraNa evaM janasamparka vibhAga : yaha vibhAga jaina saMskRti se sambandhita prasAraNoM kI Adhunika paddhati se vyavasthA kregaa| (7) mudraNAlaya vibhAga : saMsthAna kA Adhunikatama sAdhanoM se susajjita apanA mudraNAlaya hogaa|" puraskAra yojanA: . prativarSa 5000/- rupaye kA "mahAvIra puraskAra" aise vyakti ko bheMTa kiyA jAtA hai jisane sAhityika kSetra meM ullekhanIya kArya kiyA ho| isake atirikta anya puraskAra pradAna karane kI AyojanA bhI vicArAdhIna hai| vartamAna meM yaha saMsthAna pro0 pravINacandra jaina ke mAnada nidezana meM kArya kara rahA hai| isa sampUrNa yojanA ke kriyAnvayana ke lie kSetra kI prabaMdhakAriNI kameTI ne janavidyA saMsthAna samiti kA nimna prakAra gaThana kiyA hai - 1. zrI mohanalAla kAlA jayapura adhyakSa 2. DaoN0 gopIcanda pATanI saMyojaka ...3. DaoN0 rAjamala kAsalIvAla sadasya 4. zrI jJAnacandra khindUkA 5. zrI vijayacandra jaina 6. zrI phUlacandra jaina 7. zrI kapUracaMda pATanI 8. DaoN0 kamalacaMda sogAnI udayapura 9. pro0 pravINacandra jaina jayapura padena sadasya hameM prasannatA hai ki saMsthAna kI isa yojanA ko deza ke aneka vidvAnoM ne sarAhA hai / yaha saMsthAna antarrASTrIya svarUpa grahaNa kara sake, isake lie sabakA sahayoga Avazyaka hai / hameM pUrNa vizvAsa hai ki isa saMsthAna ke mAdhyama se antarrASTrIya jagat ke naitika, sAmAjika evaM sAMskRtika utthAna meM apekSita yogadAna upalabdha hogaa|
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________________ 134 janavidyA digambara jaina atizaya kSetra, zrImahAvIrajI (kAryAlaya - mahAvIra bhavana, esa. ema. esa. hAIve, jayapura) prabandhakAriNI kameTI ke vartamAna sadasya sadasya zrI mohanalAla kAlA zrI gaiMdIlAla sAha DaoN. gopIcandra pATanI zrI kapUracaMda pATanI zrI balabhadrakumAra jaina zrI rAjakumAra kAlA DaoN. rAjamala kAsalIvAla zrI jJAnacandra khindUkA zrI gulAbacanda kAsalIvAla zrI rUpacaMda saugAnI zrI subhadrakumAra pATanI zrI mohanalAla sonI zrI ciraMjIlAla kAlA zrI rAmacandra kAsalIvAla sabhApati zrI ghIsIlAla caudharI upasabhApati zrI jayakumAra chAbar3A upasabhApati zrI jamanAdAsa jaina ___maMtrI zrI vijayacaMda jaina sahA. maMtrI zrI tejakaraNa DaMDiyA sahA. maMtrI zrI bhaMvaralAla ajamerA sadasya zrI phUlacaMda jaina zrI padamacaMda totUkA zrI narezakumAra seThI zrI phUlacaMda chAbar3A zrI tArAcaMdra jaina zrI sUrajamala jaina sAhU zreyAMsaprasAda jaina adhyakSa, bhA. di. jaina tIrthakSetra kameTI padena sadasya
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________________ jainavidyA kA svayaMbhU vizeSAMka : vidvAnoM kI dRSTi meM (1) zrI zrIraMjanasUrideva, ema0e0 (prAkRta, saMskRta evaM hindI), svarNapadakaprApta, pIeca0DI0, upanidezaka (zodha) evaM sampAdaka "pariSad patrikA" - bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad, paTanA "vizeSAMka kA prastavana, sAmagrI aura sajjA kI dRSTi se atizaya uttama hai| yaha vizeSAMka apabhraMza sAhitya ke adhyetAoM ke lie avazya hI sandarbha grantha kI mUlyavattA Ayatta karatA hai / merI hArdika badhAI le|" (2) DaoN. gajAnana narasiMha sAThe, ema0e0 (marAThI, hindI, aMgrejI) pIeca0DI0, bI0TI0, sAhityaratna, pUnA - _ "aMka bahuta hI sundara hai / lekhoM meM vividhatA hai| "svayaMbhUdeva" ke sAhitya kA adhyayana karanevAloM ko yaha parama upayukta siddha hogaa|" (3) DaoN. kailAzacandra bhATiyA, prophesara-hindI tathA prAdezika bhASAeM, lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTrIya prazAsana akAdamI, masUrI "svayaMbhU kA prArambhika hindI ke sandarbha meM vizeSa mahattva hai| svayaMbhU-kAvya ke vividha pakSoM para Apane jo sAmagrI juTAI vaha prazaMsanIya hai| sabhI lekha paThanIya haiM / sAMjasajjA AkarSaka hai / aise abhinaMdanIya prayAsa ke lie jainavidyA saMsthAna ko mNglkaamnaaeN|" (4) zrI yazapAla jaina, maMtrI - sastA sAhitya maNDala evaM sampAdaka - "jIvana sAhitya", naI dillI.."vizeSAMka bahuta sundara nikalA hai| usameM Apane bar3I hI jJAnavardhaka, khojapUrNa tathA upayogI sAmagrI kA samAveza kiyA hai| aise lokopayogI vizeSAMka ke lie hArdika bdhaaii|"
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________________ 136 janavidyA (5) DaoN0 yogendranAtha zarmA "aruNa", ema0e0, pIeca0DI0, rIDara tathA adhyakSa - hindI vibhAga, vI0esa0ema0 posTagrejueTa kaoNleja, rur3akI___ "niHsandeha patrikA kA stara evaM mudraNa atyanta sarAhanIya hai| zodha nibaMdhoM kA cayana Apake sampAdana kauzala kA paricAyaka hai / zodha-patrikAoM meM "jainavidyA" kA apanA hI sthAna banegA, yaha vizvAsa mujhe hai|" (6) paM0 jaganmohanalAlajI jaina zAstrI, kuNDalapura (damoha) - - "zrI mahAvIra kSetra ke suyogya kAryakartAoM ne jainavidyA saMsthAna kI sthApanA kara bahuta bar3A Adarza upasthita kiyA hai / "jainavidyA" kA svayaMbhU aMka dekhaa| sabhI lekha bahuta uccakoTi ke va zodhapUrNa haiM / sabhI lekhakoM ne bhinna-bhinna dRSTikoNoM se svayaMbhU para prakAza DAlA hai| una lekhoM se hI kavivara svayaMbhU aura unake graMtha paumacariu para uttama prakAza par3atA hai tathA unakI mahattA aMkita hotI hai / .............."zodha patrikAyeM aura bhI dekhI haiM para unameM alaga-alaga viSaya ko lekara alaga-alaga grantha va granthakAra ko lekara lekhaka apanA lekha likhatA hai aura unakA usameM saMgraha rahatA hai| para isameM vibhinna vidvAn lekhakoM ne eka hI graMtha para eka graMthakAra ke Upara vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se usakI mahattA pradarzita kI hai| kisI kA lekha kisI anya lekha kI punaruktirUpa nahIM hai yaha dekha kara Azcarya hotA hai| maiM Apako, Apake sampAdaka maNDala ko tathA sabhI vidvAn lekhakoM ko isake lie bahuta-bahuta dhanyavAda detA huuN|" (7) DaoN0 phUlacanda jaina premI, adhyakSa - jainadarzana vibhAga, saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya, vArANasI "janavidyA" kA svayaMbhU vizeSAMka dekha kara mana harSita ho utthaa| aise naye saMsthAna se itane uccaparamparA aura gauravapUrNa vizeSAMka kI hameM yahI apekSA thii| mahAkavi svayaMbhU ke vyaktitva aura kartRtva ke sarvAMgINa adhyayana ke lie yaha vizeSAMka paripUrNa hai / prAzA hai isI prakAra sabhI jaina AcAryoM aura mahAkaviyoM ke adhyayana kI paramparA cAlU rakha kara janavidyA tathA prAkRta, apabhraMza, saMskRta Adi bhASAoM ke sAhitya ke mUlyAMkana kA sampUrNa vidvajjagat ko avasara pradAna karate raheMge / Apa sabhI ko isa dizA meM abhiruci aura kAryAnvayana meM zrama ke lie hamArI bdhaaiyaaN|" (8) DaoN. rAjendraprakAza bhaTanAgara, prAdhyApaka - ma0 mo0 mA0 rAjakIya Ayurveda . mahAvidyAlaya, udayapura "patrikA kI chapAI, saphAI aura uttama kAgaja para mudraNa dekha kara hArdika prasannatA huI / svayaMbhU vizeSAMka meM apabhraza ke Adi mahAkavi svayaMbhU ke sambandha meM vividha AyAmoM se zodha racanAeM saMkalita kara Apane eka uttama kArya kA zrIgaNeza kiyA hai / isI anukrama meM vividha vRttikAroM aura vidyA kI vidhAoM para Apa dvArA samaya-samaya para zodhaparaka sAmagrI ke rUpa meM "jainavidyA" ke AgAmI aMka prakAzita kara amUlya sAhitya kA saMgraha ho skegaa|"
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________________ janavidyA 137 (9) zrI rAmasiMha tomara, zAMtiniketana * "jainavidyA" kA pahalA aMka pratyeka dRSTi se AkarSaka hai| maiM svayaM vizvabhAratI (traimAsika) patrikA kA sampAdaka huuN| koI bhI acchI patrikA dRSTi meM AtI hai to prasannatA hotI hai| bihArI kA dohA hai - "jyoM baDarI aMkhiyA nirakhI A~khini ko sukha hota"- kisI kI bar3I A~kheM dikhatI haiM to A~khoM ko bar3A sukha hotaa| eka sampAdaka ko acchI patrikA dekhakara sukha milatA hai / ApakI patrikA unnati kare, cirAyu ho| (10) mahanta zrI bajaraMgadAsa svAmI, prAcArya - dAdU prAcArya saMskRta mahAvidyAlaya, jayapura "apabhraMza bhASA ke prakhyAta mahAkavi svayaMbhU se sambaddha sampUrNa jAnakArI eka kalevara meM prApta kara hArdika prasannatA huI / patrikA ke lekha mahAkavi ke vyaktitva, kAvyasaundarya evaM tatkAlIna deza Adi viSayoM kA zodhapUrNa adhyayana prastuta karate haiN| ataeva yaha vizeSAMka zodhArthiyoM evaM sAmAnya adhyetAoM ke lie paramopayogI evaM saMgrahaNIya hai|" * (11) zrI udayacandra jaina, sarvadarzanAcArya, vArANasI "isa vizeSAMka meM eka hI sthAna para svayaMbhU kA vyaktitva, vidvattA, kAvyakalA Adi para acchA prakAza DAlA gayA hai / uccakoTi ke 16 vidvAnoM ke lekha isa patrikA meM prakAzita hue haiM jo sabhI paThanIya haiN| yathArtha meM isa vizeSAMka ko par3hane se svayaMbhU ke viSaya meM sampUrNa jAnakArI eka hI sthAna para mila jAtI hai / isa vizeSAMka kA bAhyarUpa jitanA AkarSaka hai antaraMga usase bhI adhika bhavya evaM manohara hai / ataeva yaha vizeSAMka paThanIya hone ke sAtha hI saMgrahaNIya bhI hai|" (12) DaoN0 ema0 DI0 basantarAja, prophesara evaM vibhAgAdhyakSa - jainolaoNjI evaM prAkRtsa, maisUra vizvavidyAlaya, maisUra "The magazine as a Svayambhu Visesaaka is well designed and the articles in it on Svayambhu are very Valuable... (13) dainika hindustAna, sAptAhika saMskaraNa, ravivAra, 24 jUna, '84 ___"vizeSAMka meM svayaMbhU ke vyaktitva tathA kartRtva ke saMbaMdha meM zodhaparaka jAnakArI juTAI gaI hai jo svatantra tathA tulanAtmaka donoM prakAra ke adhyayana kI dRSTi se mahattvapUrNa hai|" . (14) paM0 ratanalAlajI kaTAriyA, kekar3I - ___ "jainavidyA" kA prathama aMka milA / par3hakara tabiyata prasanna ho gii| kAgaja, chapAI bahuta hI uccakoTi kI hai, prameya bhI uccakoTi kA hai / dhanyavAda !" (15) DaoN0 pavanakumAra jaina, bhASAvijJAna vibhAga, sAgara vizvavidyAlaya, sAgara - ___.."saMyojita sAmagrI ke lie sampAdaka maNDala badhAI kA pAtra hai| svayaMbhU kauna the, unakA sAhitya jagat meM kyA abhUtapUrva yogadAna rahA hai ? ityAdi praznoM ke saMbaMdha meM
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________________ 138 jainavidyA svayaMbhU vizeSAMka ke mAdhyama se pAThakoM ko Apane cintana karane ke lie prerita kiyA hai| paumacariu ke zodhapUrNa lekhoM se anuprANita yaha vizeSAMka paThanIya evaM saMgrahaNIya hai| anusaMdhAna karanevAloM ke lie svayaMbhU vizeSAMka meM bahuta upayogI evaM mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI upalabdha hai|" (16) paM0 baMzIdharajI zAstrI, bInA - "jainavidyA" kA yaha aMka svayaMbhUdeva ke viSaya meM mahattvapUrNa vistRta sAmagrI se otaprota hai|" (17) DaoN. lakSmInArAyaNa dube, ema0e0 (hindI, itihAsa) pIeca0 DI0, sAhityaratna, sAhityamArtaNDa, sAhityamaNi, sAhityamanISI, rIDara - hindI vibhAga, sAgara vizvavidyAlaya - "arddhavArSika zodhapatrikA "janavidyA" ne apane pravezAMka ke dvArA hI hindI vAGamaya meM aitihAsika tathA avismaraNIya sthala nirmita kara liyA hai| usakA svayaMbhU vizeSAMka hindI tathA prAcyavidyA kI amUlya thAtI hai jisakA bauddhika, akAdamika, zaikSika tathA zodhajagat meM sarvatra hArdika svAgata evaM abhinandana honA cAhiye / prastuta vizeSAMka eka prakAra se mahAkavi svayaMbhU para eka saMdarbha graMtha tathA jJAnakoSa kA kArya karatA hai / svayaMbhU apabhraMza ke vAlmIki the / unake vyaktitva tathA kartRtva ke sabhI pakSoM tathA tattvoM kA isameM surucipUrNa DhaMga se samAhAra huA hai|" (18) ge0 pannAlAla sAhityAcArya, adhyakSa - pra0 bhA0 di0 jaina vidvatpariSad, sAgara - "jainavidyA saMsthAna kA dhyAna apabhraMza bhASA ke sAhitya prakAzana kI ora gayA, yaha acchI bAta hai / yaha saMsthAna anya prakAzanoM kA moha chor3a kara apabhraza sAhitya prakAzana meM hI apanI pUrNa zakti lagA de to isa sAhitya kA uddhAra saralatA se ho sakatA hai|" (19) vIravANI - jayapura, pAkSika, varSa 36, aMka 19-20, di0 18.7.84, pRSTha 431 - "jainavidyA saMsthAna, zrImahAvIrajI kI ora se prakAzita eka mahAkavi kI kRtiyoM para vizleSaNAtmaka vibhinna adhikArI lekhakoM dvArA sarvAMga vivecana eka anUThA aura sarAhanIya prayAsa hai|" (20) DaoN. zazibhUSaNa dvivedI, vibhAgAdhyakSa, saMskRta, zAsa0 ma0 vi0, pAlamapurA (bhiNDa) "nizcitarUpa se yaha eka aisI maulika patrikA hai jisameM na kevala jainadharma apitu sArvabhaumika mAnavatA ke lie sukhada aura preraNAspada divya sandeza hai|"
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________________ jainavidyA ( 21 ) paM0 viSNukAnta zukla, pradhyakSa hindI vibhAga, je0 vI0 jaina kaoNleja, sahAranapura - "svayaMbhU apabhraMza bhASA ke aMguligaNanAgaraNanIya kaviyoM meM hote hue bhI aneka sAhityapremiyoM evaM jijJAsutroM ke liye aparicitaprAya: haiM / svayaMbhU kavi para zodhapUrNa sAmagrI kA saMyojana evaM saMkalana kara svayaMbhU vizeSAMka ko prakAzita kara saMsthAna ne eka prazaMsanIya zubhArambha kiyA hai / vizeSAMka meM svayaMbhU se saMbaMdhita pratyeka viSaya para adhikArI vidvAnoM ne lekha likhe haiN| ina sabhI se kavi ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtvaparaka paricaya se pAThaka sahaja hI paricita ho jAtA hai / sabhI lekha / nibaMdha svayaM meM pUrNa haiM / vizeSAMka ko svayaMbhU para laghu vizvakoSa kahA jAya to kucha prasaMgata nahIM hogA / " 139 (22) DaoN0 vi0 bA0 peMDhArakara, prAcArya evaM adhyakSa - hindI vibhAga, zAsa0 snAtakottara ma0 vi0, gunA ( ma0 pra0 ) "mahAkavi ke mUlyavAn pradeya ko usakI samasta guNavattA ke sAtha vizeSAMka prastuta karatA hai / vizeSataH mahAkavi kI paumacariu kRti kA vividha pakSoM ko udghATita karanevAlA prAkalana evaM mUlyAMkana starIya vizleSaNAtmaka evaM maulikatA se yukta hai / svayaMbhU ke vyaktitva evaM kartRtva kA saMtulita parantu vizada varNana evaM vizleSaNa isa vizeSAMka kI nijI vizeSatA hai / " - (23) zrI. subodhakumAra jaina, saciva zrI devakumAra jaina prAcya zodha saMsthAna, zrI jaina siddhAnta bhavana, dhArA "yaha pahalA aMka Apane bahuta acchA nikAlA hai / vizeSAMkarUpa meM nikAla kara aura bhI acchA kiyA hai| hamArI salAha hai ki Apa isI vizeSatA ko kAyama rkheN| isakA apanA alaga hI mahattva rahegA / " (24) zrI satyaMdharakumArajI seThI, ujjaina - - " jaina samAja meM yaha prathama prayAsa hai jabaki apabhraMza bhASA ke mahAn vidvAn evaM mahAkavi svayaMbhU dvArA racita "paumacariu" grantha para vibhinna vidvAnoM dvArA vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se prakAza DAlA gayA hai / mahAvIra kSetra kameTI kA yaha prayAsa vAstava meM stutya hai / " ( 25 ) DaoN0 harIndrabhUSaNa, nidezaka - zranekAnta zodhapITha tathA mA0 ja0 bhosIkara, saMcAlaka - bAhubalI vidyApITha, bAhubalI (kolhApura ) " svayaMbhUdeva aura unake sAhitya ke sambandha meM jo mahattvapUrNa sAmagrI ekatra kI gaI hai usase patrikA kA rUpa svayaMbhUdeva para likhe gaye eka svatantra grantha jaisA ho gayA hai / vastutaH jainavidyA vizeSAMka ke sabhI lekha prAyaH haiM jinase mahAkavi ke vyaktitva, kartRtva, kAvya-saundarya, sAhityakAroM ke jIvana para prakAza par3atA hai / " saMkSipta hote hue bhI mahattvapUrNa pAtroM ke caritra evaM tatkAlIna
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________________ 140 jainavidyA (26) DaoN0 kRSNacandra varmA, prophesara tathA pradhyakSa - hindI vibhAga, zAsakIya snAtakottara mahAvidyAlaya, lazkara, gvAliyara - "patrikA meM prakAzita vividha samIkSAtmaka nibaMdhoM ke mAdhyama se apabhraMza sAhitya ke prAdi mahAkavi svayaMbhU kA vyaktitva, kartRtva evaM pradeza asAdhAraNa sundaratA se udbhAsita ho uThA hai / mujhe lagatA hai ki isa prakAra kI patrikA samAjotthAna kI dizA meM pracura yogadAna kara sakatI hai aura supaThita sAhityika samAja ke lie bhI paryApta jJAnavardhaka hai kyoMki sAmAnyata: par3he-likhe loga bhI apabhraMza sAhitya aura usake mahAn sarjakoM ke pradeya se paricita nahIM haiM / nibaMdhoM kA saMcayana, saMkalana atyanta vivekapUrNa hai tathA sabhI nibaMdha viSaya ke utkRSTa vidvAnoM, premiyoM aura niSThAvAn sAhityavidoM ke gambhIra adhyayana se prerita aura prasUta haiN| aisI prasAdhAraNarUpa se utkRSTa patrikA ke prakAzana ke lie badhAI / " ( 27 ) paM0 pramRtalAlajI zAstrI, sAhityAcArya, brAhmI vidyApITha, lADanUM - "prastuta vizeSAMka se jo aneka vidvAnoM ke paThanIya lekhoM se alaMkRta hai, saMskRta, prAkRta evaM apabhraMza bhASAoM ke adhikArI vidvAn mahAkavi svayaMbhU tathA usake sAhitya kA sarvAMgINa paricaya prApta ho jAtA hai / vizeSAMka kA kAgaja chapAI, saphAI, prUphasaMzodhana tathA gaiTaapa Adi sabhI nayanAbhirAma haiM / yadi agale aMka bhI isI DhaMga se nikalate rahe to isa samaya prakAzita honevAlI digambara jaina samAja kI zodha patrikAoM meM ise viziSTi sthAna prApta hogA / (28) zrI pArzvanAtha vidyAzrama, hindU yUnivarsiTI, banArasa kA pramukha patra " zramaraNa", varSa 35 aMka 10 agasta 1984, pRSTha 47 - " svayaMbhU vizeSAMka" nizcaya hI eka starIya prakAzana hai| kisI sAhityakAra ke vyaktitva aura kartRtva kA bahuvidha vizleSaNa zodhArthiyoM kI dRSTi se bahuta mahattvapUrNa hotA hai | svayaMbhU kA sthAna apabhraMza sAhitya meM mahattvapUrNa hai / unake vyaktitva aura kartRtva para jainavidyA evaM apabhraMza bhASA ke vidvAnoM dvArA likhe gaye ye vividha lekha kavi ke vyaktitva para acchA prakAza DAlate haiM / isase zodha chAtroM evaM vidvAnoM donoM ko hI lAbha hogA / apekSA yaha hai ki isa prakAra eka-eka sAhityakAra ko lekara yadi likhA jAtA rahA to jainavidyA kI mahatI sevA hogii| aMka saMgrahaNIya evaM paThanIya hai / geTaapa aura sAjasajjA bhI AkarSaka hai / "
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________________ sAhitya-samIkSA 1. zrAvakAcAra : racanAkAra- paNDita ToDaramala / sampAdana - paNDita kailAzacandra siddhAntazAstrI / prakAzaka- vIra sevA mandira TrasTa prakAzana, vArANasI / pRSTha saMkhyA 92 | sAija-18" x22"/8 | mUlya 4.00 ru0 / prathama saMskaraNa / prastuta kRti kA prakAzana "zrAvakAcAra" nAma se kiyA gayA hai jabaki ! pustaka ke pRSTha 1, 8, 9, tIna sthAnoM para pustaka kA nAma "jJAnAnanda- pUrita narabharanijarasazrAvakAcAra" svayaM granthakAra dvArA ullikhita hai / grantha digambara terApaMtha AmnAya kI mAnyatAoM para AdhArita hai / mudrita graMtha kI bhASA paM0 ToDaramalajI kI bhASA ke anurUpa nahIM hai / ToDaramalajI ke graMthoM kI bhASA DhUMDhArI hai jabaki isa grantha kI bhASA hindI ke nikaTa hai / sampAdaka athavA prakAzaka kisI ne bhI pustaka yaha ullekha nahIM kiyA hai ki grantha kI mUlabhASA kA anuvAda athavA hindIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai / isake atirikta graMtha meM havAIjahAja ( pRSTha 88 ) jaise Adhunika upakaraNa kA bhI ullekha hai jo paM0 ToDaramalajI ke samaya meM pracalita nahIM thA / ina saba kAraNoM se grantha ke ToDaramalajI kRta hone meM sandeha ko to sthAna hai hI / 2. jJAnasAra : racanAkAra - zrI padmasiMha muni | anuvAdaka - sampAdaka paNDita kailAzacaMdra siddhAMtazAstrI / prakAzaka- vIra sevA mandira TrasTa, vArANasI / pR0 saM0 15 / prathama saMskaraNa / sAija - 18 x22 / 8 / mUlya 2.50 ru0 / - prastuta kRti meM dhyAna ke bheda, phala, dhyAna ke yogya sthAna Adi kA varNana hai / viSaya sundara, saMkSipta va sAragarbhita hai / dhyAnaviSayaka jijJAsutroM ke lie pustaka saMgrahaNIya evaM mananIya hai / 3. jaina tatvajJAna mImAMsA : ( racayitA ) - DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyA / prakAzaka - vIra sevA mandira TrasTa prakAzana, vArANasI / prathama saMskaraNa / pRSTha saMkhyA 374 | sAija 20*x30* / 8 / mUlya 50.00 ru0 / prastuta kRti lekhaka dvArA samaya-samaya para likhe gaye lagabhaga 60 nibandhoM kA saMkalana hai / dharma, darzana, nyAya, itihAsa, sAhitya Adi vividha viSayoM ke adhyayana hetu sandarbha grantha ke rUpa meM bahuta upayogI hai| pustaka paThanIya evaM pustakAlayoM tathA mandiroM meM saMgrahaNIya hai / 4. samAdhimararaNotsAha - dIpaka : racanAkAra- prA0 sakalakIrti | anuvAdaka paM0 hIrAlAla jaina siddhAntazAstrI / sampAdana - DaoN0 darabArIlAla koThiyA / prakAzaka - vIra sevA maMdira TrasTa, vArANasI / pRSTha saMkhyA 90 / dvitIya saMskaraNa | sAija 18"x22"/8 / mUlya 6.00 ru0 /
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________________ 142 jainavidyA - mUlagraMtha saMskRta-padya-nibaddha hai / sAtha meM hindI artha va bhAvArtha bhI hai / grantha meM paMDita sadAsukhajI, dyAnatarAyajI, sUracandajI kRta samAdhimaraNa pATha aura bhAvanA bhI de dI gaI hai jo mUlagraMtha ke viSaya se sambaddha hone ke kAraNa pustaka kI upayogitA meM vRddhi hI karatI hai / pustaka mAnava ko mRtyu kI vAstavikatA kA paricaya karA usase bhayamukta ho mRtyu samaya samAdhi dhAraNa kara use mahotsava meM parivartita karane kI preraNA detI hai / 5. anitya bhAvanA : anuvAdaka - sva0 paM0 jugalakizora mukhtAra / prakAzaka - zAntAdevI cairITebala TrasTa, haldiyAM hAusa, jauharI bAjAra, jayapura / pR0 saM0 42 / dvitIya saMskaraNa / sAija 20degx30deg/16 / niHzulka / prastuta kRti AcArya padmanandi kI saMskRta kRti "anityapaMcAzat" kA mUlasahita sva0 paM0 jugalakizora kRta hindI anuvAda hai| hindI, saMskRta se anabhijJa pAThakoM ke lie ' saMskRta padyoM kA aMgrejI meM rUpAntaraNa bhI hai| kRti meM saMsAra evaM usakI bhogopabhoga sampadAoM kI anityatA kA sundara citraNa kara pAThaka ko rAga se vairAgya kI ora unmukha karane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai jisase ki vaha sAMsArika phandoM se apane ko chur3A AtmakalyANa kara zivasukha prApta kara ske| prakAzana chapAI-saphAI Adi sabhI dRSTiyoM se / upAdeya hai| jainavidyA (zodha-patrikA) sUcanAeM patrikA sAmAnyataH varSa meM do bAra prakAzita hogii| 2. patrikA meM zodha-khoja, adhyayana-anusaMdhAna sambandhI maulika aprakAzita racanAoM ko hI sthAna milegaa| 3. racanAeM jisa rUpa meM prApta hoMgI unheM prAyaH usI rUpa meM prakAzita kiyA jAyagA / svabhAvataH tathyoM kI prAmANikatA Adi kA uttaradAyitva racanAkAra kA rhegaa| 4. racanAeM kAgaja ke eka ora kama se kama 3 semI. kA hAziyA chor3akara suvAcya akSaroM meM likhI athavA TAipa kI huI honI caahie| 5. anya adhyayana anusaMdhAna meM rata saMsthAnoM kI gatividhiyoM kA bhI paricaya prakAzita kiyA jA skegaa| 6. samIkSArtha pustakoM kI tIna-tIna pratiyA~ AnA Avazyaka hai| 7. racanAe~ bhejane evaM anya saba prakAra ke patra-vyavahAra ke lie patA : pradhAna sampAdaka janavidyA B-20, gaNeza mArga, bApUnagara jayapura-302015
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________________ isa akaM ke sahayogI racanAkAra 1. paM0 anUpacanda jaina - janma - 10 sitambara, 1922 / nyAyatIrtha, sAhityaratna / anekoM pustakoM ke lekhaka, anuvAdaka evaM sampAdaka / sAmAjika kAryakartA / jaina vidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI, jayapura meM kAryarata / isa aMka meM mahAkavi puSpadanta kI racanAoM kI rAjasthAna meM lokapriyatA / samparka sUtra - 769, godIkoM kA rAstA, jayapura 302003 / -- 2. DaoN0 prAditya pracaNDiyA 'dIti' - janma - 20 disambara, 1953 / ema0 e0 ( svarNapadaka prApta), pIeca0 DI0 / kavi, lekhaka evaM samIkSaka / aneka pustakeM prakAzita / risarca esosieTa, hindI vibhAga - ka. mu. bhASAvijJAna evaM hindI vidyApITha, aagraa| isa aMka meM mahAkavi puSpadanta - vyaktitva evaM kartRtva / samparka sUtra - maMgalakalaza, 394, sarvodayanagara, AgarA roDa, alIgar3ha 202001 ( u0 pra0 ) / 3. DaoN0 bhAgacanda jaina 'bhAskara' - ema0 e0, pIeca0 DI0, sAhityAcArya, DI0 liT 0 / prophesara evaM nidezaka - jaina anuzIlana kendra, rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya / saMskRta, pAli, prAkRta, prAcIna bhAratIya itihAsa evaM saMskRti tathA jaina-bauddha darzana ke vizeSajJa / aneka pustakoM ke lekhaka, sampAdaka, racanAoM ke lie puraskRta / isa aMka meM - mahAkavi puSpadanta kA dArzanika UhApoha / samparka sUtra - jaina anuzIlana kendra, rAjasthAna vizvavidyAlaya, jayapura-302004 - - 4. DaoN0 choTelAla zarmA - janma - 2 janavarI, 1926 / ema0 e0 ( svarNapadaka prApta ) pIeca0 DI0, DI0 liT / vividha viSayoM para anekoM lekha prakAzita / anekoM pustakoM ke lekhaka va sampAdaka / mAnavikI evaM lalitakalA saMkAyAcArya, prophesara - bhASA vijJAna, vanasthalI vidyApITha, vanasthalI / isa aMka meM - mahApurANu ke rAmAyaNa khaNDa kI biMba yojanA | samparka sUtra- 12, aravinda nivAsa, vanasthalI vizvavidyAlaya, banasthalI (ji0 ToMka) rAjasthAna / 5. DaoN0 devendrakumAra zAstrI - janma - 18 pharavarI, 1933 / ema0e0, sAhityaratna, pIeca0 DI0 / adhyakSa - hindI vibhAga, zAsakIya snAtakottara mahAvidyAlaya, nImaca | aneka pustakoM evaM zodha-prabandhoM ke lekhaka, sampAdaka / isa aMka meM - 1. apabhraMza ke saMvedanazIla mahAkavi puSpadanta, 2. ANaMdA / samparka sUtra - 243, zikSaka nivAsa, nImaca, ma0 pra0 / 6. DaoN0 gadAdhara siMha - vyAkhyAtA - snAtakottara hindI vibhAga, ha0 dA0 jaina kaoNleja, ArA ( bihAra ) / isa aMka meM - mahAkavi puSpadanta dvArA racita mahApurANa kI bimba yojanA | samparka sUtra - hindI vibhAga, ha0 dA0 jaina kaoNleja, ArA ( bihAra ) /
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________________ jainavidyA 7. DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla - janma - 8 pragasta, 1920 I . ema0e0, pIeca0 DI0, zAstrI / aneka pustakoM ke lekhaka va sampAdaka / nidezaka - mahAvIra grantha akAdamI, jayapura / isa aMka meM mahAkavi puSpadanta ke AdipurANa kI eka sacitra pAMDulipi / samparka sUtra - 867, amRta kalaza, barakata kaoNlonI, kisAna mArga, ToMka roDa, jayapura - 302015 - ka 144 8. DaoN0 kailAzacanda bhATiyA ema0 e0, pIeca0 DI0, DI0liT0, epha0 Ara0 e0 esa0 ( landana ) / prophesara - hindI tathA prAdezika bhASAeM, lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTrIya prazAsana akAdamI, msuurii| bhASAvijJAna tathA hindI bhASA ke vividha pakSoM para anusandhAna evaM prakAzanoM hetu anekoM bAra puraskRta / isa aMka meM puSpadanta kI bhASA / samparka sUtra - bhASA vijJAna vibhAga, lAlabahAdura zAstrI prazAsana akAdamI, masUrI / 9. DaoN0 premasAgara jaina - janma - 4 janavarI, 1924 / ema0 e0 ( hindI evaM saMskRta), siddhAntazAstrI, sAhityazAstrI, sAhityaratna, pIeca0 DI0 / aneka racanAoM hetu puraskRta / bhUtapUrva rIDara evaM adhyakSa - hindI vibhAga, digambara jaina kaoNleja, bar3auta / isa aMka meM - puSpadanta aura sUradAsa (vAtsalya ) / samparka sUtra - 5/559, paTTI caudharAna, bar3auta, u0 pra0 / - 10. suzrI prIti jaina ema0 e0, prAcArya ( jainadarzana) / samprati jaina vidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI, jayapura meM kAryarata / isa aMka meM - jaina rAmakathAoM ke pariprekSya meM puSpadanta kI rAmakathA / samparka sUtra - 1130, mahAvIra pArka roDa, jayapura-302003 11. DaoN0 zrIraMjanasUrideva janma 3 pharavarI, 1927 ema0 e0 ( prAkRta, saMskRta evaM hindI ), pAlyAcArya, sAhityAcArya zrAyurvedAcArya, purANAcArya, jainadarzanAcArya, sAhityaratna, sAhityAlaMkAra, pIeca0 DI0 / anekoM pustakoM ke lekhaka, anuvAdaka | sampAdaka bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad patrikA Adi / upanidezaka - 'zodha' / isa aMka meM mahApurANa kI kAvyabhASA / samparka sUtra - sampAdaka- 'pariSad patrikA', bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad, prA0 zivapUjana sahAya mArga, paTanA- 800004, bihAra / - - - 12. paM0 viSNukAnta zukla - janma - 29 akTUbara, 1942 ema0 e0 ( hindI va saMskRta) sAhityAcArya, sAhityaratna / adhyakSa - hindI vibhAga, je0 bI0 jaina kaoNleja, sahAranapura / anekoM saMskRta - hindI pustakoM ke lekhaka / isa aMka meM zabda praNAma ( kavitA ) | samparka sUtra - adhyakSa - hindI vibhAga, je0 bI0 jaina kaoNleja, sahAranapura, u0 pra0 / - 13. DaoN0 yogendranAtha zarmA 'aruNa' - ema0 e0, pIeca0 DI0, sAhityaratna / rIDara evaM adhyakSa - hindI vibhAga, bI0 esa0 ema0 snAtakottara kaoNleja, rur3akI ( u0pra0) anekoM racanAoM ke lekhaka / isa aMka meM - mahAkavi puSpadanta aura unakA kAvya / samparka sUtra - rIDara evaM adhyakSa - hindI vibhAga, bI0 esa0 ema0 snAtakottara kaoNleja, rur3akI - 247667 /
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________________ jainavidyA saMsthAna zrImahAvIrajI mahAvIra puraskAra digambara jaina atizaya kSetra, zrImahAvIrajI (rAjasthAna ) kI pra0 kAriNI samiti ke nirNayAnusAra jaina sAhitya sRjana evaM lekhana ko protsAhana dene ke lie ru0 5,000/- (pA~ca hajAra) kA mahAvIra puraskAra prativarSa dene kI yojanA : yojanA ke niyama - 1. jainadharma, darzana, itihAsa, saMskRti sambandhI kisI viSaya para kisI nizcita avadhi meM likhI gayI sarjanAtmaka kRti para "mahAvIra puraskAra" diyA jAvegA / anya saMsthAoM dvArA pahile se puraskRta kRti para yaha puraskAra nahIM diyA jAvegA / 2. puraskAra ke lie viSaya, bhASA, AkAra evaM avadhi kA nirNaya jaina vidyA saMsthAna samiti dvArA kiyA jAvegA / 3. puraskAra hetu prakAzita / aprakAzita donoM prakAra kI kRtiyA~ prastuta kI jA sakatI haiN| yadi kRti prakAzita ho to vaha puraskAra kI ghoSaNA kI tithi ke 3 varSa pUrva taka hI prakAzita honI cAhiye / 4. puraskAra hetu mUlyAMkana ke lie kRti kI cAra pratiyA~ lekhaka / prakAzaka ko saMyojaka, jaina vidyA saMsthAna samiti ko preSita karanI hoMgI / puraskArArtha prApta pratiyoM para svAmitva saMsthAna kA hogA / 5. aprakAzita kRti kI pratiyA~ spaSTa TaMkaraNa kI huI athavA yadi hastalikhita hoM to ve spaSTa aura suvAcya honI cAhiye / 6. puraskAra ke lie preSita kRtiyoM kA mUlyAMkana do yA tIna viziSTa vidvAnoM / nirNAyakoM ke dvArA karAyA jAvegA, jinakA manonayana jainavidyA saMsthAna samiti dvArA hogA / Avazyaka hone para samiti anya vidvAnoM kI sammati bhI le sakatI hai| ina nirNAyakoM/ vidvAnoM kI sammati ke AdhAra para sarvazreSTha kRti kA cayana samiti dvArA kiyA jAvegA / isa kRti ko puraskAra ke yogya ghoSita kiyA jAvegA / 7. sarvazreSTha kRti para lekhaka ko pA~ca hajAra rupaye kA mahAvIra puraskAra prazastipatra ke sAtha pradAna kiyA jAvegA / eka se adhika lekhaka hone para puraskAra kI rAzi unameM samAnarUpa se vitarita kara dI jAvegI / 8. mahAvIra puraskAra ke lie cayanita patrakAzita kRti kA prakAzana saMsthAna ke dvArA karAyA jA sakatA hai jisake lie Avazyaka zarteM lekhaka se taya kI jAveMgI / 9. mahAvIra puraskAra ke lie ghoSita aprakAzita kRti ko lekhaka dvArA prakAzita karane / karavAne para pustaka meM puraskAra kA Avazyaka ullekha sAbhAra honA cAhiye / 10. yadi kisI varSa koI bhI kRti samiti dvArA puraskAra yogya nahIM pAI gaI to usa varSa kA puraskAra nirasta ( radda kara diyA jAvegA / 11. uparokta niyamoM meM zrAvazyaka parivartana / parivarddhana / saMzodhana karane kA pUrNa adhikAra saMsthAna / prabandhakAriNI samiti ko hogA / DaoN0 gopIcanda pATanI saMyojaka janavidyA saMsthAna samiti, zrImahAvIrajI
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________________ 50) ru0 20) ru0 12) ru0 kSetra ke sAhitya zodha vibhAga dvArA prakAzita mahattvapUrNa sAhitya 1-5. rAjasthAna ke jaina zAstra bhaMDAroM kI graMtha sUcI - prathama evaM dvitIya bhAga - (aprApya) tRtIya, caturtha evaM paMcama bhAga sampAdaka - DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla evaM paM0 anUpacanda nyAyatIrtha 170) ru0 6. jaina grantha bhaMDArsa ina rAjasthAna - zodhaprabandha (aMgrejI meM) lekhaka - DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 7. prazasti saMgraha - sampAdaka - DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 8. rAjasthAna ke jaina saMta : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva lekhaka - DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 20) ru0 9. mahAkavi daulatarAma kAsalIvAla : vyaktitva evaM kRtitva lekhaka - DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 20) ru0 10. jaina zodha aura samIkSA - lekhaka - DaoN0 premasAgara jaina 11. jiNadatta carita - sampAdaka - DaoN0 mAtAprasAda gupta evaM DaoN0 kAsalIvAla 12. pradyamnacarita - sampAdaka - paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha evaM DaoN0 kAsalIvAla 12) ru0 13. hindI pada saMgraha - sampAdaka - DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 10) ru0 14. sarvArthasiddhisAra - sampAdaka - paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha 10) ru0 15. campA zataka - sampAdaka - DaoN0 kastUracanda kAsalIvAla 6) ru0 16. tAmila bhASA kA jaina sAhitya - sampAdaka - zrI bhaMvaralAla polyAkA 1) ru0 17. vacanadUtam (pUrvArddha evaM uttarArddha) - lekhaka - paM0 mUlacanda zAstrI, pratyeka 10) ru0 18. tIrthaMkara vardhamAna mahAvIra-lekhaka - paM0 padamacanda zAstrI 10) ru0 19. A Key to TRUE Happiness (aprApya) 20. paM0 cainasukhadAsa nyAyatIrtha smRti grantha 50 ) ru0 21. bAhubali (khaNDakAvya)-40 anapacanda nyAyatIrtha 10) ru0 22. yogAnazIlana - lekhaka - zrI kailAzacandra bADhadAra. ema. e..elaela.bI. 75) ru0 23. cUnar3iyA - munizrI vinayacandra, anu0 zrI bhaMvaralAla polyAkA 1) ru0 24. pANaMdA - zrI mahAnaMdideva, anu0 DaoN0 devendra kumAra zAstrI 5) ru0 25. vardhamAnacampU - paM0 mUlacandra zAstrI presa meM pustaka prAptisthAna mantrI kAryAlaya mainejara kAryAlaya di0 jaina a0 kSetra zrImahAvIrajI di0 jaina a0 kSetra zrImahAvIrajI savAI mAnasiMha hAIve, jayapura-3 (rAja.) zrImahAvIrajI (ji0 sa0 mAdhopura) rAja0