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116
THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[APRIL, 1910.
That, of which the wings, flanks and front are stationed apart is called array in detached order ; when five divisions of the army are arranged in detached order, it is called vajra (diamond), or godhd (alligator); when four divisions, it is called udyánaka (park), or Idkapadi (crow's foot); when three divisions, it is called ardhachandriká (half-moon), or karkátakasringi (1);-- these are the varieties of the array in detached order.
The array in which chariots form the front, elephants the wings, and horses the rear, is called arishta (auspicious).
The array in which infantry, cavalry, chariots and elephants stand one behind the other is called achala (immoveable).
The array in which elephants, horses, chariots and infantry stand in order one behind the other is called apratihata (invincible).
Of these, the conqueror should assail the pradara by means of the dridhaka; dridhaka by means of the asahya ; syena (eagle-like array) by means of chdpa (an array like a bow); a hold by means of a strong-hold ; sanjaya by means of vijaya; sthúlakarna by means of vildlavijaya; väripat antaka by means of sarvatobhadra. He may assail all kinds of arrays by means of the durjaya.
Of infantry, cavalry, chariots and elephants, he should strike the first-mentioned with that which is subsequently mentioned ; and a small constituent of the army with a big one.
For every ten members of each of the constituents of the army, there must be one commander, called padika; ten padikas under a sendpari ; ten senapatis under a Nayaka (leader).
The constituents of the array of the army should be called after the names of trumpet sounds, flags and ensigns. Achievement of success in arranging the constituents of the army, in gathering the forces, in camping, in marcbing, in turning back, in making onslaughts, and in the array of equal strength depends upon the place and time of action.
(a) By the display of the army, by secret contrivances, by fiery spies employed to strike the enemy engaged otherwise, by witchcraft, by proclaiming the conqueror's association with gods, by carts, by the ornaments of elepbants ;
(6) by inciting traitors, by herds of cattle, by setting fire to the camp, by destroying the wings and the rear of the enemy's army, by sowing the seeds of dissension through the agency of men under the guise of servants;
(c) or by telling the enemy that his fort was burnt, stormed, or that some one of his family, or an enemy or a wild chief rose in rebellion,-by these and other means the cona ieror should cause excitement to the enemy.
(d) The arrow shot by an archer may or may not kill a single man ; but skilful intrigue devised by a wise man can kill even those who are in the womb.78
Book XI. The Conduct of Corporations. (Sanghavrittanı ).
Chapter I. Causes of dissension, and secret punishment. (Bhedopadanani, upambudandabcha ).
The acquisition of the help of corporations is better than the acquisition of an army, a friend, or profits. By means of conciliation and gifts, the conqueror should secure and enjoy the services of such corporations as are invincible to the enemy and are favourably disposed towards himself, But those who are opposed to him, he should put down by sowing the seeds of dissension among them and by secretly punishing them
15 a d are in Sloka metre,
