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OCTOBER, 1910.]
THE KALPA-SUTRA.
267
47-48. Except in cases of severe illness, the monks or runs may not mutually 43 suck up or transfer saliva ; 49. not take even as much as a film from the edge, or a drop of food, which has stood over night; 30. not rub or smear the limbs with salve which has stood over night ; 51. not massage or shampoo the limbs with oil, lard, butter or fat, which has stood over night ; 52. not treat or anoint them with paste, paint, perfumes, or any other ointment which has stood over night.
53. If a monk who is doing penance goes out of the service of the elders and there perchance commits a fault, and the elder hear of it, either coming themselves or hearing it from others, then one may proceed towards him in the lightest way 5.
54. [l by a nun, who has entered a householder's dwelling for alms, any little bit of food is brought home, then, if she is able, she may be satisfied with this food on that day; if not, she may go out for alms to a householder's dwelling a second time---30 say I.
Chapter VI. 1. The monks or nons may not use the following six forbidden forms of speech : lying, sneering, insult, coarse speaking, worldly speech, or speech renewing atoned matters, 2. There are six cases of idle talk about right conduct : of speaking rashly in relation to others, of damaging living creatures, of untruthfulness, of forbidden appropriation, of a jade, a eunuch or a slave. Whoever uses these six kinds of idle talk, without being able to prove them fully, ranks as one who has committed the transgression himself.
3-6. If a monk (a nun) gets a piece of wood, a thorn, or a snare into the foot, or an insect, a seed, or a grain into the eye, and the monk (the nun) cannot draw it out, or remove it, then. nun (a monk) does not sin, if she (he) removes it or draws it ont.
7. If a monk holds or supports a nun, who stumbles or falls in a dangerous place, on a rough path, or on a mountain ; 8. who is drawn or dragged into a water-hole, a marsha mire, pond; 9. who gets on board or leaves a boat, he does not sin.
10. If monk holds or supports a nun of deranged mind; 11. clouded reason ; 12. possessed by a yaksha, a crazy nun, one who is troubled by temptations, has committed an offence, is doing penance, has renounced meat and drink, or is the object of a claim on the part of relations,
etc., he does
13. There are six disturbers of proper conduct: the joker, a disturber of self discipline; the babbler, a disturber of truthfulness; the discontented, a disturber of the right begging, he who has his eyes everywhere; a disturber of careful walking on the road, he who is full of desire, a disturber of the way to deliverance ; he who always cherishes a new (desire and) reward for asceticism ; a disturber of the way to salvation. Everywhere, abstemiousness in claiming reward is preached by the Master.
14. Six are the steps in a monk's life : the position of the monk at introduction, the position of the monk after new consecration, the position in special mortification of the flesh, the position as helper of an ascetic, the position as a naked ascetic, the position as superior,--so say I.
13 I. e., a monk a nun's, and the converse. * I supply the word pāriyāsiya which is wanting here but stands regularly in sūtra 49-51.
*5 Tao pacchā tassa aha-lahusae nāma ravahāre patthaviyavre siya. The vavahāra, the procedure towards a transgressor, is five-fold divided iu āgama, suya, ānā, dhāranā, and jiya- yavahāra, socording as the canon, tradition, a rule, a charge, or custom fixes it (see Leumann, Jitakalpa, p. 2). The second kind oooura IV, 25. W . never meet, at least in the Kalpa. and Vyavahāra-sutras, with another procedure as the ahā-lahusaga. I think the commentators are wrong, or their statements belong to a later time, when they (chürni to bhā shya V, 359 foll. - V.-th. II, 85.) give vatahāra as fasts and divide it nine-fold in this way :
guruo 1 month, tam atthamenar
vahai. gurugatarão 4 months,
da sumonar aha-guruo 6
duvālasa menar lahuo 30 days,
chhatthenault Lahugatarão 25
chauttherarii aha-lahuo 20
ayambilonas lahusao 15
ega-tthananaris lahusatarão 10
purim' addhenath ahā lahusao 5
iuuionati
