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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[AUGUST, 1890.
of Jain relatives and friends. Bhinmal still existe as a small place about half-way between Mount Abû and the river Luni. The temple was built by Ohada, on the advice of the Jain pontiff Ratnaprabha-Sûri, who consecrated it in the 70th year after Mahavira's death. From his time, the Jain community of the place are said to have received the name of Upakôša, and to be known as the Upakêśa-vamsis. The town similarly became known as Upakol-pattana or Upakowa-nagart, In the modern vernacular, the name Upakeśa has become contracted into Osa, whence the town' is called Osa-nagari, and the race of Jains, coming thence, is called Osa-wala or Oswal.
With regard to some terms occurring in the following translation, it may be noted that an Acharya is any Sadhu who has attained the right, not only of reading publicly the Sacred Text (múla), but also of explaining it authoritatively. An Upadhyâya, on the other hand, has only the right of reading, but not of explaining. An Achúrya who has risen to the head of his gachchha or kákha, is called a Súri; others, if they have disciples, are called Gani. An Acharya who permits laxity of observances in his own person or that of his disciples, is called # Sithilacharya; on the other hand, he who is strict is called a Tyági-Acharya.
The practice of sithiláchára or laxity of observances is said to have established itself in the Tapa-Gachchha from the time of the 63rd Súri, Vijaya-Kshama. The separation of the Vijaya-Sakha, however, took place at the time of the 61st Sari, Vijaya Prabha. The cause of the separation appears to have been the following. The predecessor of Vijaya-Prabha was Vijaya-Deva (the 60th Súri). He appointed as his successor his disciple Vijaya-Simha. The latter, however, died in S. 1709, before the death, in 1713, of Vijaya-Deva, and accordingly never actually occupied the pontifical chair. But, as he had been regularly appointed by the reigning Súri to the prospective sári-ship, his disciple, Satya-Vijaya-Gani, naturally claimed the right of succession. But the members of the Tapa-Gachchha, disallowing his claims, appointed, in S. 1710, Vijaya-Prabha to the post of Súri. The result was that SatyaVijaya-Gani, with his following, separated, and established the Vijaya-Sakh.
A patta-vriksha or genealogical table of the pontifical succession in the TapaGachchha, which is in my possession, gives the succession as follows:
No. 60 Vijaya Dêva Sûri. No. 61 Vijaya Prabha Sûri and ..................... Vijaya Simha Sûri. No. 62 Vijaya Ratna Sûri.
No. 1 Satya Vijaya Gani. No. 63 Vijaya Kshama Sûri.
No. 2 Kapûra Vijaya Gaņi. No. 64 Vijaya Daya Sûri.
No. 3 Kshama Vijaya Gaņi. No. 65 Vijaya Dharma Sûri.
No. 4 Jina Vijaya Gaņi. No. 66 Vijaya Jinêndra Sûri.
No. 5 Uttama Vijaya Gaņi. No. 67 Vijaya Dêvêndra Sûri.
No. 6 Padma Vijaya Gari. No. 68 Vijaya Dharaņêndra Sûri. No. 7 Rûpa Vijaya Gaņi. No. 69 Vijaya Raja Sûri
No. 8 Kirti Vijaya Gani. (still living).
No. 9 Kastûra Vijaya Gani. No. 10 Maņi Vijaya Gapi. No. 11 Buddhi Vijaya Gaņi. No. 12 Ananda Vijaya Sdri.
(or Atmaram, still living). I may take this opportunity of noting that Jina-Harsha, the 70th Suri of the KharataraGachchha, with whom closes the pa!!dvali published by D. J. Klatt (ante, Vol. XI. pp. 245-250), died (according to a pattávali in my possession) in S. 1892. He was succeeded by the 71st Súri,
See Ajñana-timira-bhaskara, Vol. II. pp. 15, 16.
• The patfavall of the Tapa-Gachchha, published by Dr. J. Klatt in thin Journal, ante, Vol. XI. pp. 251.256, terminates with this Vijaya-Prabha
. I hope shortly to be able to publish it.
