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MARCH, 1876.]
TRANSLATION OF THE INDICA OF ARRIAN.
95
giving or taking dowries, but the women, as the son of Alexander, from Mieza ; Peithon, soon as they are marriageable, are brought the son of Crateuas, from Alcomence; Leonnatus, forward by their fathers and exposed in public, the son of Antipater, from Ægæ; Pantauchus, to be selected by the victor in wrestling or the son of Nicolaus, from Alorus; and Mylleas, boxing or running, or by some one who excels the son of Zoilus, from Bercea.-These were all in any other manly exercise. The people of India live upon grain, and are tillers of the soil; The following commanders were Greeks :but we must except the hillmen, who eat the Medius, the son of Oxythemis, from Larissa ; flesh of beasts of chase.
Eamenes, the son of Hieronymus, from Candia; It is sufficient for me to have set forth these Critobulus, the son of Plato, from Cos; Thoas, facts regarding the Indians, which, as the best the son of Menodorus, from Magnes ; Mæander, known, both Nearch us and Megasthe. the son of Mandrogenes, also from Magnes; and nes, two men of approved character, have re- Andron, the son of Cabelas, from Teos. corded. And since my desigu in drawing up | There were two commanders besides from the present narrative was not to describe the Cyprus-Nicocleës, the son of Pasiorates of Soli; manners and customs of the Indians, but to and Nithaphon, the son of Pnutagoras, of relate how Alexander conveyed his army Salamis. from India to Persia, let this be taken as a mere There was also one Persian commanderepisode.
Bagoas, the son of Pharnouchas. XVIII. Alexander, then, as soon as the fleet
The pilot of the ship which carried Alexanhad been built for him upon the banks of the der himself was Onesicritus, an Astypalsan, Hydaspes, having selected all the Phoenicians and the general secretary of the expedition was and all the Cyprians or Egyptians who had fol- Euagoras, the son of Eucleon, a Corinthian, lowed him in the previous part of the expedition, while Nearchus, the son of Androtimus, was manned the ships with them, and chose the appointed admiral of the whole fleet. He was hands that were skilled in seamanship to be by descent a Cretan, but settled in Amphipolis, sailors and rowers. There were also islanders which is on the river Strymon. And when all not a few in the squadron who had been bred to these arrangements had been made by Alexander, & seafaring life, together with men from Ionia he sacrificed to the gods of his country, and and the Hellespont. The following officers were those to whom the oracle had directed him to appointed to the command of triremes in this sacrifice, and to Poseidon and Amphitrite, and fleet :
the Nereids, and Oceanus himself; and to the Hephæstion, the son of Amyntor ; Leonnatus, river Hydaspes, from which he was setting the son of Anteas; Lysimachus, the son of forth on his enterprise; and to the Acesines, Agathocles; Asclepiodorus, the son of Timander; into which the Hydaspes pours its waters; and Archon, the son of Clinias; Demonicus, the son to the Indus, which receives the waters of of Athenæus ; Archias, the son of Anaxidotas; both; and he also gave an entertainment at Ophelas, the son of Silenus; and Timanthes, which prizes for skill in music and gymnastics the son of Pantiades. These all belonged to were contended for, and a distribution was Pella.
made, to all the divisions of the troops, of the From Amphipolis came-Nearchus, the son victims sacrificed on the occasion. of Androtimus, who wrote a narrative of the XIX. But when every preparation had been voyage; Laomedon, the son of Larichus; and made for departing, Alexander ordered Craterus, Androsthenes, the son of Callistratus.
with a force consisting of horse and foot, to From Orestis came-Craterus, the son of go to the one side of the Hydaspes; while Alexander; and Perdiccas, the son of Orontes. Hephæstion, in command of a still larger force,
From Eordæa came-Ptolemæus, the son of marched in a parallel line on the other side. Lagus; and Aristonous, the son of Pisæus. Hephaestion took with him the elephants also,
From Pydna came-Metron the son of Epi- which were two hundred in number. Alexcharmus; and Nicarchides, the son of Simus. ander himself took under his immediate com
There were in addition to these-Attalus the mand the body of footguards called the hypson of Andromenes, frora Tymphwa; Peucestas, aspists and all the archers, and those called the
