Satya ki Khoj

Author(s): Mahapragna Acharya
Publisher: Jain Vishva Bharati
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/003147/1

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AcArya mahAprajJa satya kI khoja anekAnta ke Aloka meM

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satya kI khojaH anekAnta ke Aloka meM

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jaina vizva bhAratI prakAzana

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satya kI khoja: anekAnta ke Aloka meM AcArya mahAprajJa jaina vizva bhAratI prakAzana

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saMpAdaka : muni dulaharAja prakAzaka : jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM, (rAjasthAna) : prakAzana sahayoga : mitra pariSad, kalakattA dvArA sthApita AcArya mahAprajJa sAhitya prakAzana koza / jaina vizva bhAratI, lADanUM, (rAjasthAna) saMskaraNa: chaTA, navambara, 1997 mUlya mudraka : 240-00 : Ara0 ke0 bhAradvAja lejara evaM oNphaseTa prinTarsa zivAjI pArka, zAhadarA, dillI- 110032, phona: 2285124 SATYA KI KHOJ: ANEKANT KE ALOK MEN Acharya Mahaprajna 40-00

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prakAzakIya hamArA jagat hai, jIvana hai, astitva hai, cetanA hai, zarIra vibhinna kSamatAoM se pUrNa hai-isameM indriyAM haiM, buddhi hai| lekina, ina sabake hote hue bhI kyA jIvana kA satya jJAta hai? vaha ajJAta hai, aparicita hai| satya kI khoja-jIvana ke, astitva ke rahasyoM kI khoja hai| jIvana ke ananta pravAha meM Adima yuga se antarikSa yuga taka manuSya vikAsa kI jisa sthiti para pahuMcA hai, kyA yaha pUrNa hai ? nahIM, vaha aparyApta hai, adhUrI hai| mAnava cetanA ko vikAsa kI aneka sIr3hiyAM taya karanI haiM / nava-jAgaraNa kA ananta samudra usake astitva meM ThATheM le rahA hai, para usakA prasphuTana AsAna nhiiN| jAgaraNa kI eka laMbI zrRMkhalA bhItara pratIkSArata hai| isake bAda hI satya kI upalabdhi hai, astitva kI pahacAna hai, jagat ke rahasyoM kA prakaTana hai, duHkhoM kA nivAraNa hai| isa prakAra prajJA ke dhanI AcArya zrI mahAprajJa ne svaanubhava, ciMtana-manana va dArzanika dRSTikoNa se viSaya kI prastuti kI hai| 'satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM'- bhagavAna mahAvIra ke mahAn anekAMta siddhAnta kA aneka niSpattiyoM ke sAtha nirUpaNa karatI hai / satya ke samIpa le jAtI hai / ataH yaha laghukAya hote hue bhI apane ApameM eka pUrNa kRti hai| sampUrNa kRti teraha laghu paricchedoM meM vibhakta hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jIvana aura siddhAnta se lekara vyakti aura samAja, dharma se AjIvikA : icchA, parimANa, manuSya kI svatantratA kA mUlya jaise viSayoM ko adhyAtmavAda ke sAtha-sAtha arthazAstra aura rAjanItizAstra ke pariprekSya meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| tatpazcAt karmavAda, AtmA aura paramAtmA, pratyayavAda aura vastuvAda, pariNAmi-nitya, tattvavAda jaise viSayoM kA anya bhAratIya darzanoM ke sAtha jaina darzana kI tulanAtmaka vyAkhyA ke rUpa meM spaSTIkaraNa huA hai| kRti kI sabase bar3I vizeSatA hai ki vibhinna dArzanika vivecanoM ke sAtha-sAtha isane apanA maulika svarUpa grahaNa kiyA hai| yaha anekAntavAda ke apane vaiziSTya ke kAraNa sambhava jAna par3A hai|

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isa kRti meM viSaya sAmagrI kisa rUpa meM prastuta huI hai yaha lekhaka ke hI zabdoM meM prakaTa hai virodhI pratIta hone vAle dharmoM kA eka sAtha honA samanvaya hai / vastu jagat meM pUrNa sAmaMjasya aura saha-astitva hai| virodha kI kalpanA hamArI buddhi ne kI hai / utpAda aura vinAza, janma aura mRtyu, zAzvata aura azAzvata-ye saba sAtha-sAtha calate haiN| * jJAna durlabha hai| zraddhA usase bhI durlabha hai| AcaraNa usase bhI durlabha hai| jJAna ke paripakva hone para zraddhA sulabha ho jAtI hai aura zraddhA ke sulabha hone para AcaraNa sulabha hotA hai| dharma aura garIbI meM koI sambandha nahIM hai| dharma kI ArAdhanA na garIba kara sakatA hai aura na amIra kara sakatA hai| jisake mana meM zAnti kI bhAvanA jAgRta ho jAtI hai vaha dharma kI ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai, phira cAhe vaha garIba ho yA amIra / dhArmika vyakti garIbI aura amIrI donoM se dUra hokara tyAgI hotA hai| suvidhAoM kI saMtuSTi apekSAkRta kama loga kara pAte haiN| vilAsitAoM kI saMtuSTi kucha hI loga kara pAte haiN| isa krama ke sAtha bhagavAn mahAvIra ke dRSTikoNa-'lAbha se lobha bar3hatA hai'-kA adhyayana karane para yaha phalita hotA hai ki AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi ke krama meM kucha AvazyakatAoM kI saMtuSTi kI jA sakatI hai, kintu usake sAtha ubharane vAle mAnasika asaMtoSa aura azAMti kI cikitsA nahIM kI jA sktii| arthazAstra dvArA prastuta mAnava ke bhautika kalyANa kI vedI para mAnava kI mAnasika zAMti kI Ahuti nahIM dI jA sktii| isalie bhautika kalyANa aura AdhyAtmika kalyANa ke madhya sAmaMjasya sthApita karanA anivArya hai| dharma ke sambandha meM svatantratA kA cintana karane vAle dArzanika vyakti kI Antarika prabhAvoM se mukti ko svatantratA mAnate haiM / rAjanIti ke sandarbha meM ise dArzanika, vyakti ke bAharI prabhAvoM (vyavasthAkRta doSapUrNa niyaMtraNoM) se mukti ko svataMtratA mAnate haiN| dharma jAgatika niyamoM kI vyAkhyA hai, isalie usakI sImA meM svatantratA kA sambandha kevala manuSya se hI nahIM kintu jAgatika vyavasthA se hai|

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Antarika jagat meM manuSya sImAtIta svataMtra ho sakatA hai kintu zarIra, karma aura samAja ke pratibandha kSetra meM koI bhI manuSya sImAtIta svaMtatra nahIM ho sktaa| yaha saca hai ki manuSya ne saMsAra ko badalA hai aura yaha bhI saca hai ki vaha saMsAra ko apanI icchAnusAra eka cuTakI meM nahIM badala pAyA hai, dharatI para nirbAdha sukha kI sRSTi nahIM kara pAyA hai| * mahAvIra ne karma ke udIraNa aura saMkramaNa ke siddhAMta kA pratipAdana bhAgyavAda kA bhAgya puruSArtha ke adhIna kara diyaa| * yadi hama niyati ko jAgatika niyama (Universal Law) ke rUpa meM svIkAra kareM to puruSArtha bhI eka jAgatika niyama hai| * pragati kA pahalA caraNa hai saMkalpa aura dUsarA caraNa hai prytn| * jJAna honA aura saMvedana na honA-yaha draSTA kA jIvana hai| jJAna aura saMvedana-yaha karmavAda kI pRSThabhUmi hai| jaina darzana ne karmavAda kI jo mImAMsA kI hai, usakA manovaijJAnika adhyayana abhI nahIM huA hai / yadi vaha ho to manovijJAna aura yoga ke naye unmeSa hamAre sAmane A sakate haiN| satya satya hI hai / vaha mere lie eka prakAra kA aura dUsare ke lie dUsare prakAra kA nahIM hotaa| phira bhI yaha ho rahA hai ki maiM jise satya mAnatA hUM dUsarA use asatya mAnatA hai| dUsarA jise satya mAnatA hai maiM use asatya mAnatA huuN| satya kA yaha vivAdAspada rUpa asatya kI ora le jAtA hai| isa prazna ko sulajhAne ke lie anekAnta kI sthApanA karate hue mahAvIra ne kahA-satya kA pratipAdana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / pratipAdana satyAMza kA hI ho sakatA hai| koI bhI manuSya apane jIvana meM satya ke hajAroM paryAyoM se adhika paryAyoM ko abhivyakti nahIM de paataa| * jaina darzana ne pratyayavAda aura vastuvAda-ina donoM satyAMzoM kI sApekSa vyAkhyA kI hai| pratyayavAda aura vastuvAda eka-dUsare se nirapekSa hokara asatyAMza ho jAte haiM aura paraspara sApekSa hokara satyAMza bana jAte haiN| vizva kA pratyeka tattva nitya aura anitya-ina donoM dharmoM kI svAbhAvika samanviti hai|

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8 AiMsTIna kA yaha siddhAMta hai ki dravya (Mass) ko zakti (Energy) meM aura zakti ko dravya meM badalA jA sakatA hai / isa dravyamAna dravya -- saMhati aura zakti ke samIkaraNa ke siddhAnta kI vyAkhyA pariNAmi - nityavAda ke dvArA hI kI jA sakatI hai / * satya kI khoja cintana-manana aura darzana se huI hai| usakA vikAsa sAmAjika sandarbha meM huA hai / * cetana aura acetana- donoM nirapekSa satya haiM tathA unameM hone vAle parivartana sApekSa satya haiN| nirapekSa aura sApekSa -- donoM satyoM kI samanviti hI vAstavika satya hai / isa prakAra prArambha se anta taka yaha eka rocaka kRti bana par3I hai| veSaya sAmagrI meM rocakatA utpanna karane ke lie bhinna-bhinna sthAnoM para laghu saMvAdoM va dRSTAntoM kA prayoga atIva manohara rUpa meM prakaTa huA hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra kI paccIsavIM nirvANa zatAbdI para isa pustaka kA prathama saMskaraNa Agama aura sAhitya prakAzana vibhAga dvArA prakAzita huA thA / tatpazcAt dvitIya saMskaraNa kI AvazyakatA dIrgha samaya se nirantara anubhava kI jA rahI thI ataH tulasI adhyAtma nIDam prakAzana dvArA ise naye rUpa meM satyAnveSI pAThakoM ke lie prastuta kiyA gyaa| navIna saMskaraNa kI jarUrata huI / hameM yaha chaThA saMskaraNa nikAlate hue parama harSa ho rahA hai / hameM AzA hai ki maulika kRti pAThakoM ke sAdhanA - patha meM sahayogI banegI / para smaraNa rakheM - satya kI khoja svayaM kI ajJAta gaharAiyoM meM chalAMga lagAne kA sAdhana hai / satya kI khoja sva-parivartana kA mUla maMtra hai| satya kI khoja svayaM ko punarjanma kI prasava pIr3A se gujarane kI taiyArI hai / maMgala kAmanAoM ke sAtha 1 prakAzaka

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svakathya - vizva ke itihAsa meM aba taka jo satya kI khoja huI hai, vaha pUrI kI pUrI satya ke upAyoM kI khoja hai / upAya kI khoja kie binA upeya kI khoja nahIM kI jA sktii| satya upeya hai / jJAna usakA upAya hai| ___bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samasAmayika saMjayavelaTThiputta ne kahA thA--maiM nahIM jAnatA ki vastu sat hai to phira maiM kaise kahUM ki vaha sat hai / maiM nahIM jAnatA ki vaha asat hai to phira maiM kaise kahUM ki vaha asat hai| yaha bhAratIya darzana kA saMzayavAda hai / pazcimI darzana meM saMzayavAda ke pravartaka 'pAiro' (365-275 I0 pU0) haiM / ve arastU ke samasAmayika the| thelIja se lekara arastU taka ke dArzanikoM ke pArasparika matabhedoM ko dekhakara unhoMne isa siddhAnta kI sthApanA kI ki manuSya ke lie vAstavika satya taka pahuMcanA saMdigdha hai| nirvikalpa buddhi, savikalpa buddhi aura indriyAnubhUti nizcayAtmaka jJAna utpanna nahIM kara sktii| isalie satya ko jAnane kA koI upAya nahIM hai / kAMTa ke anusAra jJAna ke lie indriya-saMvedana aura buddhi-vikalpa-donoM anivA haiM / jJAna aura satya nizcita hotA hai| satyatA indriya-saMvedana se AtI hai aura nizcaya buddhi-vikalpa se AtA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-satya kI upalabdhi ke do upAya haiM--atIndriya jJAna aura indriya jJAna / atindriya jJAna yogI ko hotA hai yA vizeSa paristhitiyoM meM hotA hai / vaha sAmAnya nahIM hai / sarvamAnya jJAna indriya-jJAna hai| isameM indriya, mana aura buddhi-tInoM samanvita haiM / indriya-saMvedana na satya hotA hai aura na asatya hotA hai| sApekSa hokara vaha satya hotA hai aura nirapekSa rahakara vaha asatya ho jAtA hai| buddhi-vikalpa na satya hotA hai aura na asatya hotA hai / sApekSa hokara vaha satya hotA hai aura nirapekSa rahakara vaha asatya ho jAtA hai / indriya-jJAna aura vacana-vikalpa kI satyatA sApekSatA para nirbhara hai| isalie anekAnta kA dUsarA nAma sApekSavAda hai| hama dravya ke eka dharma kA pratipAdana karate haiM yA kara sakate haiN| usa samaya hama eka samasyA meM ulajhe hote haiM / hamArA buddhi-vikalpa aura vacana-vikalpa dravya ke jisa svarUpa kA grahaNa aura pratipAdana kara rahA hai, vaha yadi vahI ho to isa eka dharmavAlA

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10 bana jAe aura vaha usase atirikta ho to hamArA grahaNa aura pratipAdana pUrNa - satya kA grahaNa aura pratipAdana nahIM hotA / isa samasyA ko sulajhAne ke lie anekAnta ke AcAryoM ne eka mata sujhaayaa| unhoMne kahA-- pratyeka buddhi-vikalpa ke sAtha hama apekSA ko jor3eM aura pratyeka vacana - vikalpa ke sAtha hama 'syAt' kA prayoga kareM / isase vaktA aura zrotA - donoM isa viSaya meM spaSTa raheMge ki jo samajhA aura kahA jA rahA hai vaha dravya kA eka dharma hai aura vaha dravya ke zeSa ananta dharmoM meM avibhakta hai / 'syAt ' zabda se yukta vacana - vikalpa syAdvAda kahalAtA hai / hama sApekSavAda aura svAdvAda ke sahAre anekAnta ko samajha sakate haiM aura anekAnta ke sahAre satya taka pahuMca sakate haiM / yaha satya kI upalabdhi kA vaha upAya hai, jisane saMzaya aura Agraha se mukta rahakara anAgraha aura nizcaya kA maNikAMcana yoga kiyA hai / prastuta pustaka meM maiMne kucha samasyAoM kA anekAnta ke dRSTikoNa se mUlyAMkana kiyA hai / yaha sarvagrAhI dRSTikoNa samasyAoM ke samAdhAna kA mahattvapUrNa sAdhana hai / apekSA hai ki hama isakA mUlyAMkana kareM / AcAryazrI tulasI mere preraNA strota rahe haiM / unakI eka preraNA aneka rUpoM meM pratibimbita ho jAtI hai / ukta graMtha meM bhI pratibimbita sudRSTa hai I isa graMtha ke saMpAdana kA kArya muni dulaharAjajI ne kiyA hai| ve merI kRti kA, lekhana ke atirikta, sArA dAyitva samhAla kara mere kArya ko sarala banA dete haiM aura maiM sadA apane ko bhAramukta anubhava karatA hUM / kaoNphI samaya se pratIkSArata isa pustaka kA navIna saMskaraNa bhI pratyeka varga ke lie grAhya, upAdeya hogA / isI AzA aura AzvAsana ke sAtha -- AcArya mahAprajJa

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anukramaNikA 1. bhagavAn mahAvIra : jIvana aura siddhAnta 2. mAnavIya ekatA 3. vyakti aura samAja 4. dharma se AjIvikA : icchA-parimANa 5. manuSya kI svataMtratA kA mUlya 6. karmavAda 7. AtmA aura paramAtmA 8. sAdhanA kA mArga * zarIra ko satAnA dharma nahIM * kAyotsarga * karma-zarIra kA prakaMpana prANa * prANAyAma 9. satya kI khoja : visaMvAditA kA avarodha 10. satyavAda aura vastuvAda 11. pariNAmi-satya 12. tattvavAda 13. advaita aura dvaita

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bhagavAn mahAvIra : jIvana aura siddhAnta gRhavAsa ke tIsa varSa DhAI hajAra varSa purAnA bhArata do rAjanItika praNAliyoM meM baMTA huA thaa| magadha, aMga, baMga, kaliMga, vatsa, avantI, uttarI kauzala Adi rAjatantra kI praNAlI se zAsita the| vaizAlI meM licchavi, kapilavastu meM zAkya, kuzInArA aura pAvA meM malla gaNarAjya thaa| vahAM kI janatA gaNataMtra kI zAsana-praNAlI se zAsita thii| rAjataMtra kI praNAlI meM rAjA Izvara kA avatAra mAnA jAtA thaa| gaNataMtra kI praNAlI meM zAsaka mAtra mAnava samajhA jAtA thA / mahAvIra vaizAlI gaNataMtra ke zAsaka-sadasya zrI siddhArtha ke putra the| unakI mAtA kA nAma trizalA thaa| kSa yakuNDagrAma vaizAlI kA upanagara thaa| usa puNyabhUmi meM mahAvIra ne janma liyA thA IsvI pUrva 599, 30 mArca (caitra zuklA trayodazI) ko unakA janma huA thaa| unakA zaizava kaisA thA, yauvana kaisA thA, isa viSaya meM bahuta kama jAnakArI milatI hai| mahAvIra jIvana ke aTThAIsa varSa pUrNa kara rahe the, taba unake mAtA-pitA svargavAsI ho ge| unhoMne zramaNa hone kI bhAvanA prakaTa kii| unake cAcA supArzva aura bar3e bhAI nandivardhana ne kucha varSoM taka ghara meM rahane kA anurodha kiyaa| mahAvIra kI vinamratA use asvIkAra nahIM kara sakI aura unakA saMkalpa gRhavAsa ko svIkAra nahIM kara skaa| isa antardvandva ne eka nae mArga kI khoja kii| zAyada yahIM unhoMne yaha sUtra nirmita kiyA hogA jisakI vAsanA nahIM chUTI aura zramaNa ho gyaa| vaha ghara meM nahIM hai para ghara se dUra bhI nahIM hai| vAsanA se mukta hokara ghara meM rahate hue bhI ghara se dUra rahA jA sakatA hai| ve do varSa taka ghara meM rahate hue ghara se dUra rahe / isa avadhi meM unhoMne videha-sAdhanA kii| ve parivAra ke bIca rahakara bhI ekAnta meM rahe / jisake zarIra meM Asakti nahIM rahatI, vaha samudAya meM rahakara bhI akelA raha sakatA hai| unhoMne asvAda kA viziSTa abhyAsa kiyA / jise dehAtIta avasthA meM rasa kA anubhava ho jAtA hai, use asvAda kI upalabdhi karane meM kaThinAI nahIM hotii| ve mauna aura dhyAna meM lIna rahe / jisake lie bAhya jagat meM abhivyakta hone

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM kA prayojana zeSa nahIM rahatA, usakI vANI mauna ho jAtI hai, vikalpa zUnya ho jAte ina do varSoM kI sAdhanA se unake zrAmaNya kI pRSThabhUmi aura adhika sudRr3ha ho gii| gurujanoM ke anurodha kI avadhi pUrNa huii| unhoMne anubhava kiyA-ghara meM rahate hue ghara se dUra rahanA sambhava ho sakatA hai, para yaha sAmudAyika mArga nahIM hai| yaha kucha logoM kA mArga hai / sAmudAyika mArga yaha ho sakatA hai-ghara kI vAsanA ko chor3anA aura sAtha-sAtha ghara ko bhI chor3a denA / sabake kalyANa kI bAta socane vAlA sAmudAyika mArga para calatA hai / mahAvIra ne ghara chor3ane ke lie parivAra kI anumati prApta kara lI aura ve vahAM se abhiniSkramaNa kara kSatriyakuNDagrAma ke bAhara udyAna meM ge| janatA ke samakSa unhoMne svayaM zramaNa kI dIkSA svIkAra kI, AjIvana samatA ke patha para cala pdd'e| sAdhanA ke bAraha varSa bhagavAn mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA pahalA caraNa isa saMkalpa ke sAtha uThA-Aja se maiM videha rahUMgA, deha kI surakSA nahIM kruuNgaa| sardI-garmI ke parISahoM ko jheluuNgaa| jo bhI kaSTa Ae, use sahana kruuNgaa| roga kI cikitsA nahIM kraauuNgaa| bhUkha aura pyAsa kI bAdhA se abhibhUta nahIM houuNgaa| nIMda para vijaya prApta kruuNgaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne anubhava kiyA-abhaya ke sadhe binA samatA nahIM sadha sakatI aura videha ke sadhe binA abhaya nahIM sadha sakatA / mAnavIya durbalatAoM kA mUla strota bhaya hai / mAnava kI mahAn zakti ke vikAsa kA mUla strota abhaya hai / bhaya kA Adi bindu hai-deha kI Asakti / usakI Asakti ko chor3anA, videha honA, abhaya siddhi kI anivArya zarta hai|| bhagavAn mahAvIra jaise-jaise videha kI sAdhanA meM Age bar3he, vaise-vaise unakI ahiMsA, maitrI aura zAnti kI zikhA adhika prajjvalita hotI gii| hiMsA, vaira aura azAMti--ye saba deha meM hote haiM, videha meM nahIM hote| sarpa aura samatA mahAvIra kanakhala Azrama ke pArzvavartI devAlaya ke maNDapa meM dhyAna kara rahe the| caNDakauzika sarpa ne dRSTi se viSa kA vikiraNa kiyaa| bhagavAn para usakA koI prabhAva nahIM huaa| vaha bhagavAn ke pairoM meM lipaTa bAra-bAra unheM Dasane lgaa| unakI AMkhoM se nirantara amRta kI dhArA bahatI rhii| unakA maitrIbhAva viSa ko nirviSa karatA

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bhagavAn mahAvIra : jIvana aura siddhAnta rahA / ahiMsA kI hiMsA para vijaya huii| sarpa kA krodha zAMta ho gyaa| usane sadA ke lie ahiMsA kA varaNa kara liyA / mahAvIra jaise-jaise sAdhanA meM Age bar3he, vaise-vaise unakI cetanA meM samatA kA sUrya adhika Aloka dene lagA / satya, acaurya, brahmacarya aura aparigraha - saba usa Aloka se Alokita ho uThe / arakSA : sabase bar3I surakSA mahAvIra dhyAna kara rahe the / eka gvAlA aayaa| sAtha meM baila the| unheM vahAM carane ke lie chor3a vaha ghara calA gyaa| usane lauTakara dekhA baila vahAM nahIM hai / vaha kruddha ho gyaa| bailoM ko khojane idhara-udhara ghUmane lgaa| thor3I dera bAda phira vahIM pahuMcA, jahAM mahAvIra dhyAna kara rahe the| bailoM ko mahAvIra ke Asa-pAsa dekhakara vaha stabdha raha gayA / 'yaha zramaNa bailoM ko hathiyAnA cAhatA hai, isa sandeha ne gvAle kA krodha prajjvalita kara diyaa| vaha rassI ko AkAza meM uchAlatA huA mahAvIra para prahAra karane ko Age bar3hA, itane meM naMdivardhana vahAM A phuNcaa| usane gvAle ko samajhA-bujhAkara zAMta kara diyaa| naMdivardhana ne mahAvIra kI surakSA kI vyavasthA karanI caahii| mahAvIra ne use asvIkAra kara diyA unhoMne kahA - 'jo apane Apako asurakSita anubhava karatA hai, vaha adhyAtma ke patha para nahIM cala sakatA / adhyAtma ke patha para calane vAlA apane Apako sadA surakSita anubhava karatA hai / mujhe kisI surakSA kI apekSA nahIM hai| svataMtratA aura svAvalambana hI merI surakSA hai / ' UrjA kA Urdhvagamana 3 mahAvIra dhyAna kI mudrA meM khar3e the / kucha yuvatiyoM ne Akara sahavAsa ke lie prArthanA kii| bhagavAn ne usa para koI dhyAna nahIM diyaa| yuvatiyoM ne unheM apane mAyAjAla meM phaMsAne kI aneka ceSTAeM kIM, para unakI caitanya - kendra kI ora bahane vAlI UrjA kA eka kaNa bhI kAma kendra kI ora pravAhita nahIM huA / bhagavAn ke dhyAna kI dhArA avicchinna calatI rhii| yuvatiyAM jisa dizA se AI thIM usI dizA meM lauTa gaIM / kaivalya bhagavAn mahAvIra kI sAdhanA kA mUlamaMtra hai - samatA / na rAga aura na dveSa - cetanA kI yaha anubhava - dazA samatA haiM / bhagavAn ne anubhava kiyA, duHkha kA mUla bIja hai karma aura karma kA mUla bIja haiM rAga-dveSa / hiMsA, asatya, corI, abrahmacarya aura

Page #17
satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM .. parigraha-ye rAga-dveSa ke hI pariNAma haiM, rAga-dveSa ke hone para ye hote haiM, usake na hone para nahIM hote| bhagavAn ne sAr3he bAraha varSa ke sAdhanAkAla meM kevala 350 dina bhojana kiyaa| zeSa samaya upavAsa meM biitaa| unhoMne chaha mAsa taka lagAtAra upavAsa kiyaa| bhagavAn ne samUce sAdhanAkAla meM kula milAkara ar3atAlIsa minaTa se adhika nIMda nahIM lii| bhagavAn ne sardI-garmI se bacane ke lie koI bhI vastra nahIM or3hA / kaSTa Ane para kisI kI zaraNa meM nahIM gye| cIMTiyoM meM satAyA, jaMgalI maccharoM ne kATA, agni se paira jhulasa gye| para bhagavAn ne unakA vaise anubhava kiyA jaise kucha huA hI na ho| lAbha-alAbha, sukha-duHkha, niMdA-aniMdA, mAna-apamAna, jIvana-maraNa ke anagina prasaMgoM aura ghaTanAoM ne bhagavAn kI samatA kI kasauTI kI / para hara kasauTI meM ve khare utre| unakI videha-sAdhanA siddha ho gii| unakI abhaya-sAdhanA siddha ho gii| unakI samatA kI sAdhanA siddha ho gii| ve vItarAga kI bhUmikA meM kevalI ho gye| parokSa jJAna kA lohAvaraNa Ta gyaa| unakI cetanA anAvata ho gii| unheM jJAna ke mAdhyamoM kI apekSA nahIM rahI / indriya, mana aura buddhi kI upayogitA samApta ho gii| unake lie saba kucha pratyakSa ho gyaa| sAdhanAkAla meM bhagavAn prAyaH mauna, akarma aura dhyAnastha rahe / sAdhanA kI siddhi hone para unhoMne satya kI vyAkhyA kii| unhoMne vyAkhyA kA mAdhyama jana-bhASA ko bnaayaa| unake upadeza Aja bhI usa samaya kI janabhASA-prAkRta meM milate haiN| satya IsvI pUrva chaThI zatAbdI satya kI upalabdhiyoM kI zatAbdI hai| usa zatAbdI meM bhAratIya kSitija para mahAvIra aura baddha, cInI kSitija para lAotse aura kanphyUziyasa, yUnAnI kSitija para pAithegorasa jaise mahAna dharmavettA satya ke rahasyoM kA udghATana kara rahe the| ve bhaugolika sImA se vibhakta the / unakA pratipAdana isa tathya kI ghoSaNA hai ki satya zAzvata hai / vaha deza aura kAla se vyavacchinna nahIM hai| IsvI pUrva navIM zatAbdI meM jaina dharma ke mahAn tIrthaMkara bhagavAn pArzva ho cuke the| unakA dharmazAsana satya kA sApekSa udghoSa kara rahA thaa| usa samaya upaniSad likhe jA rahe the| aupaniSadika RSi neti-neti ke dvArA satya kI vyAkhyA kara rahe the| mahAvIra ke samaya taka usakI punarAvRtti ho rahI thii| buddha ne kahA--'satya avyAkRta hai|' lAotse ne kahA-'satya kahA nahIM jA sktaa|' mahAvIra ne kahA-'satya nahIM kahA jA sakatA, yaha jitanA vAstavika hai utanA hI vAstavika yaha hai ki satya kahA jA sakatA hai / satya kahA jA sakatA hai-isakA svIkAra yadi

Page #18
bhagavAn mahAvIra : jIvana aura siddhAnta avAstavika hai to satya nahIM kahA jA sakatA-isakA svIkAra bhI vAstavika nahIM hai| vAstavikatA ina donoM ke samanvaya se prApta hotI hai| virodhI pratIta hone vAle dharmoM kA eka sAtha honA samanvaya hai / vastu-jagat meM pUrNa sAmaMjasya aura saha-astitva hai| virodha kI kalpanA hamArI buddhi ne kI hai / utpAda aura vinAza, janma aura mauta, zAzvata aura azAzvata-ye saba sAtha-sAtha calate haiN|' mahAvIra ke jyeSTha ziSya gautama ne eka bAra pUchA'bhaMte ! satya kyA hai?' 'vaha batAyA nahIM jA sktaa|' 'to hama use kaise jAneM?' 'tuma svayaM use khojo|' 'usakI khoja kaise kareM?' 'karma ko chor3a do-mana ko vikalpoM se mata bharo, mauna raho, zarIra ko sthira rkho|' 'bhaMte ! phira jIvana kaise calegA?' 'saMyata karma karo--bolanA Avazyaka hI ho to saMyama se bolo| calanA Avazyaka hI ho to saMyama se clo| khAnA Avazyaka hI ho taba saMyama se khaao| saba kucha saMyama se kro|' 'bhaMte ! satya kI khoja kA mArga batAyA jA sakatA hai, taba satya kyoM nahIM batAyA jA sakatA?' 'ye satyAMza haiN| satyAMza batAyA jA sakatA hai / maiM satya kA sApekSa pratipAdana karatA hUM / pUrNa satya nahIM batAyA jA sktaa| isalie maiM kahatA hUM ki satya nahIM kahA jA sakatA / satyAMza batAyA jA sakatA hai, isalie maiM kahatA hUM ki satya kahA jA sakatA hai / satya avaktavya aura satya vaktavya hai----ina donoM kA sApekSa bodha hI samyag jJAna hai|' vaktavya satya 'bhaMte ! vaktavya satya kyA hai ?' 'abheda kI dRSTi se astitva (honA mAtra) satya hai aura bheda kI dRSTi se dravya aura paryAya satya hai / dravya zAzvata hai / paryAya azAzvata hai / zAzvata aura azAzvata kA samanvaya hI satya hai| jaba hama vizva ko jJeya kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM taba cetana

Page #19
satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM aura acetana dravya ke traikAlika astitva aura parivartana kA samanvaya satya aura unakA vibhAjana asatya hai / jaba hama vizva ko heya aura upAdeya kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM taba zreya satya hai aura preya asatya hai / ' jJAna aura karma kA samanvaya mahAvIra na kore dArzanika the aura na kore dhArmika / ve darzana aura dharma ke samanvayakAra the / unhoMne satya ko dekhA, phira cetanA ke vikAsa ke lie anAcaraNIya kA saMyama aura AcAraNIya kA AcaraNa kiyA / 6 mahAvIra ne kahA - akelA jJAna, akelA darzana (bhakti) aura akelA puruSArtha (karma) manuSya ko duHkha-mukti kI ora nahIM le jAtA / jJAna, darzana aura AcaraNa kA samanvaya hI use duHkha-mukti kI ora le jAtA hai| isa darzana ke AdhAra para unhoMne isa sUtra kA pratipAdana kiyA- pahale jAno, phira kro| jJAna-hIna karma aura karmahIna jJAna- ye donoM vyartha ho jAte haiN| jJAta satya kA AcaraNa aura Acarita satya kA jJAna- ye donoM eka sAtha hokara hI sArthaka hote haiM / zraddhA : jJAna aura AcAra kA setu jJAna aura AcAra ke bIca meM eka dUrI banI rahatI hai / hama bahuta sAre satyoM ko jAnate haiM, para unakA AcaraNa nahIM krte| jJAna sIdhA AcaraNa se nahIM jur3atA hai / una donoM ko jor3ane vAlA setu zraddhA hai / vaha jJAta satya ke prati AkarSaNa paidA karatA hai / AkarSaNa puSTa ho jAtA, taba jJAna svayaM AcAra bana jAtA hai / hama loga samajhate haiM ki jisakA jJAna na ho usake prati zraddhA karanI caahie| mahAvIra ne ThIka isake viparIta kahA- jisakA jJAna ho jAe usake prati zraddhA karanI caahie| zraddhA ajJAna kA saMrakSaNa nahIM krtii| vaha jJAna ko AcaraNa taka le jAtI hai| jJAna durlabha hai, zraddhA usase bhI durlabha hai, AcaraNa usase bhI durlabha hai| jJAna ke paripakva hone para zraddhA sulabha hotI hai aura zraddhA ke sulabha hone para AcaraNa sulabha hotA hai / AtmA aura paramAtmA mahAvIra ne kisI zAstra ko IzvarIya jJAna nahIM maanaa| unhoMne yaha ghoSaNA kI ki jJAna kA mUla strota manuSya hai| AtmA se bhinna koI paramAtmA nahIM hai / AtmA hI karmabandhana se mukta hokara paramAtmA banatI hai / unake darzana meM svataH prAmANya zAstra kA nahIM hai, manuSya kA hai| vItarAga manuSya pramANa hotA hai aura antima pramANa apanI vItarAga dazA hai /

Page #20
bhagavAn mahAvIra : jIvana aura siddhAnta sahaastitva 1 mahAvIra anekAtmavAdI the / unhoMne batAyA- AtmAeM ananta haiM / ve kisI eka AtmA ke aMza nahIM haiM / pratyeka AtmA dUsarI AtmA se svataMtra / saba AtmAoM meM caitanya hai, para vaha sAmudAyika nahIM hai / vaha hara AtmA kA apanA-apanA hai, svataMtra hai / jaise AtmAeM aneka haiM, vaise hI unakI yoniyAM bhI aneka haiM / koI AtmA pazu-jIvana meM hai aura koI manuSya jIvana meM / manuSya jIvana meM bhI aneka vibhAjana haiN| koI manuSya zIta kaTibandha meM janmA huA hai to koI uSNa kaTibandha meM / koI gorA hai to koI kAlA hai| mahAvIra ke yuga meM bhAratIya manuSya brAhmaNa, kSatriya, vaizya aura zUdra - ina cAra varNoM meM baMTA huA thA / ye vibhAjana manuSya ke apane karma - saMskAra, bhaugolika vAtAvaraNa aura samAja-vyavasthA ke AdhAra para hue the| para manuSya kA ahaMkAra prabala hotA hai / jisa varga ko ahaMkAra prakaTa karane kI suvidhA milI, usane uccatA aura nIcatA kI dIvAreM khar3I kara dii| janmanA jAti sthApita ho gii| ucca kahalAne vAle manuSya nIca kahalAne vAle manuSya ke sAtha pazu se bhI hIna vyavahAra karane lge| isa sthiti meM mahAvIra ne cintana kiyA ki vastu jagat meM samanvaya hai, sahaastitva hai to phira mAnava jagat meM samanvaya aura sahaastitva kyoM nahIM honA cAhie ? isa utprekSA ke AdhAra para unhoMne maitrI kA sUtra prastuta kiyaa| unhoMne kahA- - saba jIvoM ke sAtha maitrI karo / maitrI kA siddhAMta bahuta acchA hai / siddhAMta kA saundarya vyavahAra kA saundarya bana jAe yaha sarala nahIM hai / svabhAva, ruci aura ciMtana kI dhArA bhinna hone para maitrI TUTa jAtI hai| mahAvIra ne use sAdhane kA sUtra diyA -- sahiSNutA / unhoMne batAyA- bheda ke pIche chipe hue abheda ko mata bhuulo| tuma jisase bhinna ho usase utane hI abhinna ho / jisase abhinna ho usase utane hI bhinna ho / kisI se sarvathA bhinna nahIM ho / jaba sabase bhinna-bhinna ho, taba bheda ko sAmane rakhakara kaise kisI ko zatru mAnate ho aura abheda ko sAmane rakhakara kaise kisI ko mitra mAnate ho ? tuma jise zatru mAnate ho use bhI sahana karo aura jise mitra mAnate ho use bhI sahana kro| isa sUtra se apane Apako bhAvita karomaiM saba jIvoM ko sahana karatA hUM, ve saba mujhe sahana kareM merI sabake prati maitrI hai, I kisI ke prati merA vaira nahIM hai| tuma sabase bhinnA bhinna ho taba kaise kisI ko nIca mAnate ho aura kaise kisI 7

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM ko ucca mAnate ho? tuma jise nIca mAnate ho, vaha bhI tumhAre mana kA ahaMkAra hai aura jise tuma ucca mAnate ho vaha bhI tumhAre mana kA ahaMkAra hai / ahaMkAra ko chor3a yathArtha ko dekho| manuSya karma se brAhmaNa, karma se kSatriya, karma se vaizya aura karma se zUdra hotA hai / yaha karma kA vibhAjana hai / isa vibhAjana ke sAtha ahaMkAra ko chor3akara uccatA aura nIcatA kI rekhAeM nirmita mata karo, manuSya ko tor3a kara mata dekho| vyaktitva aura kartRtva ke sAtha jur3I huI mAnavIya ekatA ko mata bhuulo| isa ghoSa ne bhAratIya mAnasa ko AMdolita kara diyaa| anekatA ekatA se pRthak nahIM hai aura ekatA anekatA se pRthak nahIM hai| yaha sahaastitva kA maulika AdhAra hai| isI AdhAra para mAnavIya ekatA saMbhava ho sakatI hai| isI AdhAra para bhinna-bhinna zAsana-praNAliyAM eka sAtha cala sakatI haiN| anekatA svabhAvika hai| use miTAyA nahIM jA sktaa| zAMtipUrNa jIvana ke lie sahaastitva anivArya hai| use chor3A nahIM jA sktaa| darzana kA dharma avataraNa bIja kI niSpatti per3a aura per3a kI niSpatti phala hai / darzana kI niSpatti naitikatApUrNa vyavahAra hai / jaba hama bhItara se dekhate haiM, taba darzana se dharma kI aura dharma se naitikatA kI bhUmikA para Ate haiN| jaba hama bAhara se dekhate haiM taba naitikatA se dharma kI aura dharma se darzana kI bhUmikA para cale jAte haiN| mahAvIra kA darzana bhItara se bAhara kI ora thaa| usI AdhAra para unhoMne kahA- jisakA dRSTikoNa samyak hai vahI vratI hogA / ahiMsA kA vratI apane AzritoM aura karmakAroM ke prati krUra vyavahAra nahIM karegA, unakI AjIvikA meM vighna nahIM ddaalegaa| satya kA vratI vizvAsaghAta nahIM kregaa| jhUThI gavAhI nahIM degaa| acaurya kA vratI milAvaTa nahIM karegA, asalI vastu dikhAkara nakalI vastu nahIM degaa| brahmacarya kA vratI vilAsapUrNa sAmagrI kA upayoga nahIM kregaa| aparigraha kA vratI saMgraha kI sImA kregaa| vyaktigata jIvana meM saMyamI rahegA / jisake jIvana meM naitikatA nahIM hai, usameM dharma nahIM ho sakatA / naitikatA-vihIna dharma kI kalpanA mahAvIra ke lie sarvathA asambhava thii| dharma ke AcaraNa se vyakti ke jIvana-vyavahAra meM koI parivartana nahIM AtA, sAmAjika saMbaMdhoM para usakA koI prabhAva nahIM hotA to kaise samajhA jAe ki dharma kA AcaraNa karane vAle jIvana meM dharma hai ? dharma zuddha AtmA meM utaratA hai / AtmA kI zuddhatA hotI hai, vahAM anaitikatApUrNa vyavahAra saMbhava nahIM ho sktaa|

Page #22
bhagavAn mahAvIra : jIvana aura siddhAnta maulika siddhAMta mahAvIra ne tattva, dharma aura vyavahAra ke jina siddhAMtoM kA pratipAdana kiyA aura jina siddhAMtoM ne janamAnasa ko AMdolita kiyA, ve Aja bhI utane hI mahattvapUrNa haiM jitane DhAI hajAra varSa pUrva the / saMkSepa meM una siddhAntoM aura unase phalita zikSAoM kA Akalana isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. anekAMta aura syAdvAda 2. 3. tattva ko ananta dRSTikoNa se dekhanA anekAMta aura usakA sApekSa pratipAdana karanA syAdvAda hai | satya ananta - dharmA hai / eka dRSTikoNa se usake eka dharma ko dekhakara zeSa adRSTa dharmoM kA khaMDana mata karo / eka jJAta dharma ko hI satya aura zeSa ajJAta dharmoM ko asatya mata kaho / satya kI sApekSa vyAkhyA kro| apane vicAra kA Agraha mata kro| dUsaroM ke vicAroM ko samajhane kA prayatna karo / 4. pratyeka vicAra satya ho sakatA hai aura pratyeka vicAra asatya ho sakatA hai-- eka vicAra dUsare vicAroM se sApekSa hokara satya hotA hai / eka vicAra dUsare vicAroM se nirapekSa hokara asatya ho jAtA hai / apane vicAra kI prazaMsA aura dUsare ke vicAra kI nindA kara apane pAMDitya kA pradarzana mata karo / 4. 9 ahiMsaka krAMti rAga aura dveSa se mukta honA ahiMsA hai / saba jIvoM ke prati saMyama karanA, samabhAva rakhanA ahiMsA hai / samAnatA kA bhAva sAmudAyika jIvana meM vikasita hotA hai taba ahiMsaka krAMti ghaTita ho jAtI hai| mahAvIra ne ahiMsaka krAMti ke lie janatA ko sUtra die ye 1. kisI kA vadha mata karo / 2. kisI ke sAtha vaira mata kro| jo dUsaroM ke sAtha vaira karatA hai, vaha apane vaira kI zrRMkhalA ko aura pralamba kara detA hai / 3. sabake sAtha maitrI karo / ahiMsA ke ina sUtroM kA mUlya vaiyaktika thA / mahAvIra ne sAmAjika sandarbha meM bhI ahiMsA ke sUtra prastuta kiye / usa samaya dAsa-prathA cAlU thI / sampanna manuSya vipanna manuSya ko kharIdakara dAsa banA letA thA / mahAvIra ne isa hiMsA ke prati janatA kA dhyAna

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM AkarSita kiyaa| unhoMne eka sUtra diyA-dAsa banAnA hiMsA hai, isalie kisI ko dAsa mata bnaao| usa samaya ke puruSa striyoM ko aura zAsaka varga zAsitoM ko parAdhIna rakhanA apanA adhikAra mAnate the| mahAvIra ne isa ora janatA kA dhyAna khIMcA ki dUsaroM ko parAdhIna banAnA hiMsA hai| unhoMne ahiMsA kA sUtra yaha diyA-dUsaroM kI svAdhInatA kA apaharaNa mata kro| usa samaya ucca aura nIca-ye do jAtiyAM samAja-vyavasthA dvArA svIkRta thiiN| ucca jAti nIca jAti se ghRNA karatI thii| use achUta bhI mAnatI thii| mahAvIra ne isa vyavasthA ko amAnavIya pratipAdita kiyaa| unhoMne kahA-jAti vAstavika nahIM hai| jAti-vyavasthA parivartanazIla hai, kAlpanika hai| ise zAzvata kA rUpa dekara hiMsA ko protsAhana mata do| kisI manuSya se ghRNA mata kro| unhoMne saba jAti ke logoM ko apane saMgha meM sammilita kara 'manuSya jAti eka hai'-isa AMdolana ko gatizIla banA diyaa| 7. usa samaya svarga kI prApti ke lie pazu bali dI jAtI thii| mahAvIra ne kahA-svarga manuSya kA uddezya nahIM hai, usakA uddezya hai nirvANaparamazAMti / pazubali se svarga nahIM milatA ! jo pazubali detA hai, vaha mUka pazuoM kI hiMsA kara apane lie naraka kA dvAra kholatA hai| 8. usa samaya mAnA jAtA thA ki yuddha meM marane vAlA svarga meM jAtA hai| mahAvIra ne isakA avAstavikatA kA pratipAdana karate hue kahA-'yuddha ___ hiMsA hai| vaira se vaira bar3hatA hai| usase samasyA kA samAdhAna nahIM hotaa|' 9. AkramaNa mata kro| mAMsAhAra aura zikAra kA varjana kro| 3. aparigraha mana meM mamatva kA bhAva na honA aparigraha hai| vastuoM kA saMgraha na karanA aparigraha hai| mahAvIra ne hiMsA aura aparigraha ko tor3akara nahIM dekhaa| mana meM hiMsA kA bhAva (ahaMkAra yA mamakAra) hotA hai taba saMgraha karane kI vRtti jAgatI hai aura jaba manuSya saMgraha karatA hai taba usakI hiMsA prabala ho uThatI hai| isa prakAra hiMsA ke lie saMgraha aura saMgraha ke lie hiMsA-yaha cakra calatA rahatA hai| mahAvIra ne aparigraha ke ina sUtroM kA pratipAdana kiyA1. apane zarIra aura parivAra ke prati hone vAle mamatva ko kama kro|

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bhagavAn mahAvIra : jIvana aura siddhAnta 2. upabhoga kI vastuoM kA saMyama karo / 3. dhana-sampadA bar3hAne yA usakI surakSA karane ke lie phailAva mata karo - vistAravAdI nIti mata apanAo / 4. dUsaroM ke svatva para adhikAra karane ke lie AkramaNa mata karo / 4. puruSa aura pauruSa 1. manuSya apane sukha-duHkha kA kartA svayaM hai / apane bhAgya kA vidhAtA vaha svayaM hai / 2. rAjA deva nahIM hai, Izvara kA avatAra nahIM hai / vaha manuSya hai, use deva mata sampanna manuSya kaho / kaho, 3. grantha manuSya kI kRti hai / pahale manuSya, phira grantha / koI bhI graMtha IzvarIya nahIM hai / vizva kI vyavasthA zAzvata dravyoM ke yoga yA parasparApekSitA se svataH saMcAlita hai / vaha kisI eka sarvazaktimAn sattA dvArA saMcAlita nahIM 4. U 6. 7. hai 1 11 yaha vizva chaha dravyoM kI saMghaTanA hai / ve ye haiM dharma gatitattva | * adharma-sthititattva | AkAza / kAla / pudgala / jIva / manuSya apane hI karttavya se utkrAMti aura apakrAMti karatA hai / isa prasaMga meM mahAvIra ne jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Azrava, saMvara, nirjarA, bandha aura mokSa - ina tattvoM kI vyAkhyA kI / manuSya bhAgya yA karma ke yaMtra kA purjA nahIM hai / bhAgya manuSya ko nahIM banAtA, manuSya bhAgya ko banAtA hai / vaha apane puruSArtha se bhAgya ko badala sakatA hai ! dharma-saMdha dharma-saMgha kI suvyavasthA ke lie mahAvIra ne saMgha ke sUtroM kA pratipAdana kiyA

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM 1. asaMvibhAgI ko mokSa nahIM milatA, isalie saMvibhAga kro| dUsaroM ke hisse para adhikAra mata kro| 2. anAzritoM ko Azraya dene ke lie tatpara rho|| 3. naye sadasyoM ko zikSA dene ke lie tatpara rho| 4. rogI kI sevA ke lie tatpara rho| 5. pArasparika kalaha ho jAne para kisI kA pakSa liye binA use zAMta karane kA prayatna kro| sAmAjika saMgaThanoM ke lie bhI upayogitA kama nahIM hai| 6. dharma kA svadharma 1. dharma sarvAdhika kalyANakArI hai| kintu vahI dharma, jisakA svarUpa ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa hai| 2. viSaya-vAsanA, dhana aura sattA se jur3A huA dharma saMhAraka viSa kI bhAMti khataranAka hotA hai| 3. dharma ke nAma para hone vAlI hiMsA aura hiMsApUrNa upAsanAeM karane vAlA adharma ko protsAhana detA hai| 4. caritrahIna vyakti ko sampradAya aura veza trANa nahIM dete / dharma aura dharma-saMsthA eka nahIM hai| 5. bhASA kA pAMDitya aura vidyAoM kA anuzAsana mana ko zAMta nahIM krtaa| ___mana kI zAMti kA eka hI sAdhana hai, vaha hai dhrm| nirvANa AtmAnuzAsana ke hone para hI dUsare zAsana saphala ho sakate haiM, isa AdhAra-bhitti para mahAvIra ne janamAnasa ko dharma-zAsana meM dIkSita kiyaa| IsvI pUrva 527 meM unakA nirvANa huaa| nirvANa se pUrva bhagavAn ne do dina kA upavAsa kiyaa| usa avadhi meM ve dharma kA pravacana karate rhe| paryaMkAsana meM baiThe hue kArtika kRSNA amAvasyA kI rAtri meM unhoMne nirvANa prApta kiyaa| malla aura licchavi gaNataMtra ke zAsakagaNa aura janatA ne dIpa jalAkara nirvANa-utsava mnaayaa| jyoti kI smRti meM jyotiparva saMsthApita ho gyaa| .

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mAnavIya ekatA maiMne eka bAra par3hA, jaina dharma meM vizvadharma hone kI kSamatA hai| maiMne dUsarI bAra par3hA, jaina dharma vizvadharma hai / maiM cintana ke gahare meM gyaa| maiMne mana hI mana socA kyA ye vicAra satya haiM ? kyA jaina dharma meM vizvadharma hone kI kSamatA hai ? kyA vaha vizvadharma haiM? maiM vizvadharma ke mAnadaNDoM se jaina dharma ko mApane lgaa| jisake anuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA vizAla ho vaha vizvadharma ho sakatA hai| jaina dharma ke anuyAyiyoM kI saMkhyA eka karor3a se adhika nahIM hai, phira vaha vizvadharma kaise ho sakatA hai ? jisake anuyAyI vizva ke hara kone meM vidyamAna hoM vaha vizvadharma ho sakatA hai| jaina dharma ke anuyAyI kucheka dezoM meM vidyamAna haiM, phira vaha vizvadharma kaise ho sakatA hai ? jisake anuyAyI saba jAtiyoM aura saba prakAra ke Avazyaka vyavasAya karane vAloM meM hoM vaha vizvadharma ho sakatA hai, kintu jaina dharma ke adhikAMza anuyAyI vaizya haiM, phira vaha vizvadharma kaise ho sakatA hai ? ina mAnadaNDoM ke AdhAra para maiM isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA ki jaina dharma apane vartamAna svarUpa meM vizvadharma nahIM hai| maiM eka caraNa pIche lauTA aura maiMne yaha dekhane kA prayatna kiyA-- kyA jaina dharma meM vizvadharma hone kI kSamatA hai ? maiM yaha dekhakara stambhita raha gayA ki usameM vizvadharma hone kI kSamatA bhI nahIM hai / maiM kucha hatAza - sA ho gyaa| jisa dharma ke prati mere mana meM mamatA hai, zreSThatA kA saMskAra haiM, use parIkSA ke samaya kalpanA kI UMcAI para nahIM pA sakA, isalie hatAza honA asvAbhAvika nahIM thA / maiMne apane caraNa atIta kI anajAnI rAhoM meM bddh'aae| maiM khoyA-khoyA sA calatA claa| eka bindu para paira ThiThaka ge| koI aparicita ceharA mere pAsa Akara mere kAnoM meM gunagunAne lagA / 'manuSya jAti eka hai / ' maiMne vaha svara pahacAna liyaa| vaha svara niyuktikAra bhadrabAhu kA thA / maiMne unase pUchA 'kyA yaha satya hai ki manuSya jAti eka hai ?' 'yaha kAlpanika nahIM, vAstavika satya hai / ' 'phira manuSya jAti kA vibhAjana kisane kiyA ? ' 'manuSya ne / ' 2

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14 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM 'kyA yaha IzvarIya nahIM hai ? 'yaha IzvarIya hotA to bhArata meM hI kyoM hotA ? kyA Izvara bhArata kI sImA meM pratibaddha hai ? ' 'isakA AdhAra kyA hai ?" 'vaidika RSiyoM ne sAmAjika saMgaThana ke lie cAra varNoM kI vyavasthA kI / isakA AdhAra sAmAjika saMgaThana hai / ' 'kyA isa vyavasthA kA bhAratIya samAja ke vikAsa meM koI yoga nahIM hai ?' 'nahIM kyoM ? isa vyavasthA ne zikSaNa saMsthAnoM kI alpatA meM bhI kalA-kauzala kI paitRka paramparA ko surakSita rakhA hai, vikasita kiyA hai / ' 'phira mahAvIra ne manuSya jAti kI ekatA kA udghoSa kyoM kiyA ?' 'janmanA jAti kI vyavasthA ne manuSyoM meM UMca-nIca aura chuAchUta kI bhAvanA paidA kI, samatva ke siddhAnta kA vikhaNDana kiyA / isa sthiti meM manuSya jAti kI ekatA kA udghoSa nahIM hotA to ahiMsA arthahIna ho jAtI / ' maiM AcArya bhadrabAhu se apanI jijJAsA kA samAdhAna pA rahA thaa| itane meM mere kAnoM meM eka dhvani TakarAI - manuSya karma se brAhmaNa hotA hai, karma se kSatriya, karma se vaizya aura karma se zUdra / maiMne do kSaNa isa para manana kiyaa| phira bhadrabAhu se pUchA- 'kyA karmaNA jAti kA vAda manuSya jAti kI ekatA ke siddhAMta kA pratipAdana nahIM hai ? ' unhoMne kahA--'yaha tAttvika nahIM hai / kevala vyavahAra kI upayogitA hai / manuSya kevala manuSya hai / vaha vidyAjIvI hotA hai taba brAhmaNa ho jAtA hai / vahI vyakti usI jIvana meM rakSA jIvI hotA hai taba kSatriya, vyavasAya-jIvI hokara vaizya aura sevA jIvI hokara zUdra ho sakatA hai / parivartanazIla jAti manuSya- manuSya ke bIca meM UMca-nIca aura chuAchUta kI dIvAra khar3I nahIM karatI / ' 1 maiMne vinamra vaMdanA kara kRtajJatA prakaTa kI aura maiM Age bar3hA / atIta kI dahalIja ko pAra karate-karate maiM indrabhUti gautama ke pAsa pahuMcA / ye the bhagavAn mahAvIra ke sabase jyeSTha ziSya---mahAvIra ke siddhAMtoM ke mukhya pravaktA aura sUtrakAra / sUkSma loka meM pahuMcakara maiMne unase samparka sthApita kiyA aura apanI jijJAsA unake sAmane prastuta kI / 'bhaMte! Apa jAti se brAhmaNa aura vedoM ke pAragAmI vidvAna the phira Apane mahAvIra kA ziSyatva kyoM svIkAra kiyA ?' 'dharma jAti se atIta hai, isalie maiM mahAvIra kA ziSya banA / '

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mAnavIya ekatA 'kyA jaina dharma jAti nahIM hai?' 'nahIM, sarvathA nhiiN| jAti kA AdhAra AjIvikA hai, artha-vyavasthA hai| dharma kA AdhAra AtmA kA anusaMdhAna hai| isalie sabhI jAtiyoM aura vargoM ke loga mahAvIra ke ziSya bne|' maiM atIta ke garbhagRha se vartamAna ke vAtAyAna meM lauTa aayaa| maiMne yugadhArA kA avagAhana kiyA to pAyA ki mahAvIra kI a-mRta AtmA yuga-cetanA kI pArzvabhUmi meM Aja bhI vidyamAna hai| unakI vANI kI pratidhvani Aja bhI ananta ke kaNa-kaNa meM ho rahI hai| unake siddhAnta Aja bhI sarvavyApI haiN| mahAvIra ne sApekSavAda se vizva kI vyavasthA kii| unhoMne kahA, ekatA aura anekatA kI dhArA eka sAtha pravAhita hai| isa saha-astitva ke pravAha meM 'yA tuma yA maiM' ke lie koI sthAna nahIM hai| tumhAre binA maiM aura mere binA tuma nahIM ho skte| tuma aura maiM eka sAtha hI ho sakate haiN| saMgharSa vAstavika nahIM hai| ghRNA vAstavika nahIM hai| vAstavika hai sahayoga, vAstavika hai samanvaya-apane astitva ke sAtha dUsaroM ke astitva kI svIkRti, apane vyaktitva kI sviikRti|| __ 'mAnavIya ekatA' kI svIkRti ke sAtha mAnavIya anekatA kI svIkRti jar3I hai| 'saba manuSya eka haiM'-yaha sApekSa siddhAnta hai| sApekSa ekatA anekatA ke binA nahIM ho sktii| manuSya-manuSya ke bIca prakRti aura vyavasthA-kRta-anekatAeM bhI haiN| unake AdhAra para eka manuSya dusare manuSya se bhinna haiN| yaha mAnavIya ekatA aura anekatA kI tathyAtmaka svIkRti hai| hAvIra ne ukta siddhAnta kA dharma ke dRSTikoNa se pratipAdana kiyaa| unhoMne kahA-manuSya jAti meM ekatA anekatA-donoM ke tattva vidyamAna haiM aura donoM vAstavika haiM / isalie ye dharma kA AdhAra nahIM bana sakate / yadi ekatA ke AdhAra para hama manuSya jAti se prema kareM to anekatA ke AdhAra para dveSa kaise nahIM kareMge? hama anekatA ko isalie dveSa kA AdhAra banAte haiM ki ekatA ke AdhAra para hama prema karate haiN| isa dvandva ke AdhAra para hone vAlA prema dhArmika kA prema nahIM hotaa| ekatA aura anekatA ke dvandva se pare jo dvandvAtIta AtmA kI anubhUti hai vaha dharma hai| isa dhArmika dRSTikoNa se mAnavIya ekatA kA artha hogA-manuSya-manuSya ke bIca ghRNA aura saMgharSa kI smaapti| mahAvIra ne dharma kI dRSTi se mAnavIya ekatA kI vyAkhyA kI, usameM sampradAya ko sthAna nahIM diyaa| usake matAnusAra kauna vyakti kisa sampradAya meM dIkSita hai, use mUlya nahIM diyA jA sakatA / mUlya isakA hogA ki kauna vyakti kitanA Rju, kitanA

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM pavitra aura kitanA kaSAyamukta hai| jaina dharma meM dIkSita hone vAlA mukta nahIM bhI ho sakatA aura anya dharma meM dIkSita hone vAlA mukta ho sakatA hai-- isakA pratipAdana kara mahAvIra ne dharma kA sampradAyAtIta aura bhedAtIta svarUpa janatA ke sAmane prastuta kiyA / 16 dharma AtmA kI Antarika pavitratA hai, isalie usakA kisI jAti, varga aura sampradAya se sambandha nahIM ho sakatA, kintu dharma kA bAharI rUpa sampradAya meM prakaTa hotA hai, isalie vaha jAti aura varga se bhI jur3a jAtA hai / mahAvIra ne apane dharma-zAsana kA dvAra saba jAtiyoM aura saba vargoM ke lie khulA rakhA thaa| unhoMne kalpanA hI nahIM kI hogI ki unakA dharma - zAsana kisI eka jAti yA varga se jur3akara dUsaroM ke lie dvAra banda kara degaa| kintu kAla kI gati ne aisA ghaTanAcakra prastuta kiyA ki mahAvIra kA mAnavIya ekatA kA pakSadhara dharma- zAsana mAnavIya anekAnta kA pakSadhara ho gayA / hama mahAvIra ke mAnavIya ekatA ke siddhAnta ko vizva ke sAmane prastuta kara sakate haiM / kintu mahAvIra ke Adhunika dharma-zAsana ko mAnavIya ekatA ke pakSadhara ke rUpa meM prastuta nahIM kara sakate / aparigraha mAnavIya ekatA kA mahAn siddhAnta hai / ise vizva ke sAmane prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai, kintu jaina samAja ko isake udAharaNa ke rUpa meM prastuta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / anekAnta mAnavIya ekatA kA mahAn siddhAnta hai / ise jAgatika samasyAoM ke samAdhAna ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai| kintu Adhunika jaina zAsana ko sApekSatA aura samanvaya ke mahAn prayogakAra ghaTaka ke rUpa meM prastuta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / siddhAnta aura vyavahAra ke isa antarvirodha ko dekhakara prazna hotA hai-- kyA ye siddhAMta kevala manograhI aura buddhigrAhI haiM yA vyAvahArika bhI haiM? yadi ye vyAvahArika nahIM haiM to inako prastuta karane se kyA lAbha ? yadi ye vyAvahArika haiM to jaina zAsana inake vyavahAra se vaMcita kyoM ? kAla-cakra kI ghaTanAoM ne jaina zAsana ko itanA prabhAvita kiyA ki vaha mahAvIra ke maulika siddhAntoM kI prayoga- bhUmi nahIM raha sakA / Aja usa jaina zAsana kI apekSA hai jo mahAvIra ke mahAn siddhAntoM kA pratinidhi ho, jise mahAvIra ke dharma-zAsana kA uttarAdhikAra prApta ho ske| isakI arhatA vizva kA koI bhI aMcala prApta kara sakatA hai / isa dRSTi se maiM mAna sakatA hUM ki jaina dharma vizva dharma hai /

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vyakti aura samAja vyakti aura samAja--ye do vAstavikatAeM haiM / vyaktivAdI dArzanikoM kA siddhAnta yaha hai-'manuSya samAja se bAhara kA mAnava prANI hai athavA raha sakatA hai|' isa mAnyatA meM yaha vicAra nihita hai ki manuSya samAja meM praveza karane ke pUrva vyakti vizeSa haiN| ve apanI saMpati, adhikAra, jIvana kI surakSA athavA anya kisI icchita uddezya kI parti ke lie sAmAjika vyavasthA kI sthApanA karate haiN| samAjavAdI dArzanikoM kA siddhAnta yaha hai-vyakti aura samAja ko eka-dUsare se pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| mAnava-vikAsa ke itihAsa meM vyakti aura samAja donoM kA samAna rUpa se pradhAnya hai| __ anekAnta vyakti aura samAja kI sApekSa vyAkhyA karatA hai / vyakti meM vaiyaktikatA aura sAmAjikatA donoM ke mUla tatva satrihita hote haiN| kSamatAoM kA honA vyakti kI vaiyaktikatA hai, unakA abhivyakta honA vyakti kI sAmAjikatA hai / isalie vyakti aura samAja bhinna-bhinna haiM / vyakti kI vaiyaktikatA kabhI khaMDita nahIM hotI / usakA kabhI vinimaya nahIM hotaa| vyakti samAja kA abhinna aMga banakara bhI vyakti hI rahatA hai| isa artha meM vyakti sAmaja se bhinna bhI hai| vyakti apanI AkAMkSA, apekSA aura karma kA vistAra karatA hai, vinimaya aura parasparatA kA sambandha sthApita karatA hai, isa artha meM vyakti samAja se abhinna bhI hai| vyakti apanI AkAMkSA, apekSA aura karma kA vistAra karatA hai, vinimaya aura parasparatA kA sambandha sthApita hai, isa artha meM samAja se abhinna bhI hai| vyakti kI somA saMvedana hai| eka vyakti ko prema, harSa, bhaya aura zoka kA saMvedana hotA hai, vaha nitAnta vaiyaktika hai / vaha saMvedana sAdhAraNa nahIM hai / usakA vinimaya nahIM hotaa| vaha dUsaroM ko diyA nahIM jA sktaa| vinimaya vyakti aura samAja ke bIca kA setu hai| usake isa ora vyakti hai aura usa ora samAja / vyakti kA mUla AdhAra hai saMvedana aura samAja kA mUla AdhAra hai vinimaya / vastu sAmAjika hai, kyoMki usakA vinimaya kiyA jA sakatA hai| saMvedana vaiyaktika hai, kyoMki usakA vinimaya nahIM kiyA jA sktaa|

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM samAjazAstrI maMkAivara ke anusAra 'samAja sAmAjika saMbandhoM kA jAla hai|' samAja sAmAjika sambandhoM kI eka paddhati hai, jisake dvArA hama jIte haiM / 'samAjazAstrI grIna ke anusAra 'samAja eka bar3A samUha hai jisase hara vyakti saMbaddha hai|' ina paribhASAoM se spaSTa hai ki sambandha sthApita hotA hai aura jIne ke lie hara vyakti ke lie sambandha sthApita karanA Avazyaka hai| saMvedana na sthApita hotA hai aura na vaha jIne ke lie AdhArabhUta hai / vaha svAbhAvika hai ! saMvedanA kI apekSA se vyakti vAstavika hai aura jIvana yApana ko apekSA se samAja vAstavika hai| ina donoM kI vAstavikatA meM koI virodha nahIM hai| vyakti samAja ko vAstavika mAnakara hI sukhapUrvaka jI sakatA hai aura samAja kI vAstavikatA ko dhyAna me rakhakara sAmAjika mUlyoM kI surakSA kara sakatA hai| ___samAja-vyavasthA ke AdhArabhUta tattva do hai--kAma aura artha / kAma kI sampUrti ke lie sAmAjika sambandhoM kA vistAra hotA hai / artha kAma-saMpUrti kA sAdhana banatA hai| dharma (vidhi-vidhAna) ke dvArA samAja kI vyavasthA kA saMcAlana hotA hai| prAcIna samAjazAstriyoM meM se kucheka ne kAma ko mukhya mAnA aura kucheka ne dharma ko| mahAmAtya kauTilya ne artha ko mukhya maanaa| unhoMne kahA--kAma aura dharma kA mUla artha hai| isalie isa trivarga meM artha hI pradhAna hai| Adhanika samAjavAdI samAja-vyavasthA meM bhI artha kI pradhAnatA hai / vaha artha para hI AdhArita hai / arthAdhArita samAja-vyavasthA meM vyakti kA svatantra mUlya nahIM ho sakatA / vyaktigata svatantratA niyaMtrita kie binA samAjavAdI vyavasthA phalita nahIM ho sktii| vyakti apane saMvedanoM ko jitanA mUlya detA hai, utanA dasaroM ke saMvedanoM ko nahIM detaa| isalie vyaktivAdI samAja-vyavasthA meM do sthitiyAM nirmita huIM-svArtha kI apekSA aura parArtha kI apekSA / phalataH usa vyavasthA se aprAmANikatA, anaitikatA, zoSaNa aura bhraSTAcAra jaisI burAiyAM pnpiiN| ina burAiyoM se saMtrasta samAja ne samAjavAdI vyavasthA ke dvArA svArtha aura parArtha kI khAI ko pATane kA prayatna kiyA / vyakti ko vyaktivAdI samAja-vyavasthA jitanA svatantra mUlya die jAne para usa khAI ko pATA nahIM jA sktaa| isalie isa vyavasthA meM vyakti ko samAja ke eka purje kA sthAna denA pdd'aa| vyaktivAdI samAja-vyavasthA meM sAmAjika viSamatA phalita hotI hai / usameM kucha loga sampanna hote haiM aura jana-sAdhAraNa vipanna rahatA hai| sampanna loga bhoga-vilAsa meM Asakta rahate haiN| ve apanI sakha-suvidhA kI hI cintA karate haiM, dasaroM ke hitoM

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vyakti aura samAja kI cintA nahIM krte| unakI indriyaparaka AvazyakatAeM bar3ha jAtI haiN| ve bhoga se haTakara anya viSayoM para vicAra ke lie samaya hI nahIM nikAla pAte / vipatra logoM ko indriyaparaka AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti ke lie atyanta zrama karanA hotA hai / unheM vicAra kA avasara hI nahIM miltaa| isa indriyaparaka samAja-racanA meM sAmAjika viSamatA calatI rahatI hai| rAjatanna kA itihAsa isa bAta kA sAkSI hai ki vicAraparaka samAja-racanA kA zrIgaNeza una logoM ne kiyA jo bhoga meM lipta nahIM the| usa vicAraparaka samAja-racanA ne hI samAjavAdI samAja-vyavasthA ko janma diyaa| mahAvIra ne na samAja kI vyavasthA kI aura na samAja-vyavasthA kA darzana diyaa| unhoMne dharma kI vyAkhyA kI aura dharma kA darzana diyaa| vaha dharma-darzana na vyaktivAdI hai aura na samAjavAdI / vaha AtmavAdI hai| vyakti kA mAnadaNDa saMvedana hai aura samAja kA mAnadaNDa vinimy| dharma kA mAnadaNDa ina donoM se bhinna hai / usakA mAnadaNDa saMvedanAtIta cetanA aura akarma hai| jaina darzana samAja-vyavasthA kA sUtra nahIM detA, kAma aura artha kA dizA-nirdeza nahIM detA, jIvana kI samagratA kA darzana nahIM detA, isalie vaha apUrNa hai| yaha tarka upasthita kiyA hai aura yaha tathya se pare bhI nahIM hai| jaina darzana meM mokSa kI mImAMsA pradhAna hai / mokSavAdI darzana kA mukhya kArya dharma kI mImAMsA karanA hotA hai| isa saMdarbha meM dharma kA artha bhI badala jAtA hai| kAma aura artha ke sandarbha meM dharma kA artha samAja-vyavasthA ke saMcAlana kA vidhi-vidhAna hotA hai| mokSa ke sandarbha meM usakA artha hotA hai-cetanA kA zodhana / mahAvIra me jitane nirdeza die ve saba cetanA kI zuddhi ke lie die| una nirdezoM se artha aura kAma prabhAvita hote haiM, kiMtu inake lie mahAvIra ne kucha kiyA, aisA nahIM kahA jA sakatA / kyA mokSavAdI darzana aisA kara sakatA hai? hiMsA aura parigraha ko sarvathA samAja-vyavasthA meM se pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| mokSa-dharma kA maulika AdhAra hai-ahiMsA aura aparigraha / ataH samAjavyavasthA aura mokSa-dharma ko eka AdhAra nahIM diyA jA sktaa| mokSa-dharma samAjavyavasthA ko hiMsA aura parigraha ke alpIkaraNa kA dizA-nirdeza detA hai| yaha samAjavAdI samAja-vyavasthA ke hitapakSa meM hai, isalie isa bindu para ina donoM kA milana ho sakatA hai| kiMtu donoM kA maulika AdhAra eka nahIM hai| - vyaktivAdI samAja-vyavasthA svArtha-zAsita thI, isalie usameM vyaktigata saMgraha para koI aMkuza nahIM thaa| vyaktigata svataMtratA ke sAtha krUratA ke lie bhI pUrA

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM avakAza thaa| samAjavAdI samAja-vyavasthA rAjya-sattA se zAsita hai. isalie isameM sampatti para samAja kA prabhutva hai| usameM vyaktigata svatantratA sImita ho jAtI hai / mokSa-dharma se prabhAvita samAja-vyavasthA karuNA-zAsita hotI hai| isameM vyaktigata svataMtratA aura saMgraha para aMkuza-donoM phalita ho sakate haiN| kintu isake lie sAmAjika caritra kI ora adhika udAtta karane kI apekSA hai|| __ kyA anekAMta ke dvArA samAja-vyavasthA aura mokSa-dharma kI ekatA sthApita nahIM kI jA sakatI? kyA hiMsA aura ahiMsA, parigraha aura aparigraha meM avirodha sthApita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA? anekAMtavAdI samanvaya aura sApekSatA ke dvArA virodha meM avirodha kI vyAkhyA karate haiM, isalie yaha prazna honA svAbhAvika hai| kintu hama isa tattva kI upekSA kara anekAMta ko nahIM samajha sakate ki jisa guNa kI apekSA se virodha hotA hai, usI guNa kI apekSA se avirodha nahIM hotaa| padArtha meM nitya aura anitya-donoM guNa avirodhI haiN| kiMtu jisa guNa kI apekSA padArtha nitya hai, usI guNa kI apekSA vaha anitya nahIM hai aura jisa guNa kI apekSA vaha anitya hai, usI guNa kI apekSA vaha nitya nahIM hai / kintu nitya aura anitya-donoM guNa eka hI padArtha meM avirodhI bhAva se rahate haiN| isIlie padArtha nityAnityAtmaka hotA hai aura usa padArtha kI sApekSa-dRSTi se sAmaMjasyapUrNa vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai| samAja-vyavasthA meM hiMsA aura ahiMsA, parigraha aura aparigraha-donoM tattva avirodhabhAva se rahate haiN| anekAMta ke dvArA samAja-vyavasthA aura mokSa-dharma kI ekatA sthApita nahIM kI jA sktii| hiMsA aura ahiMsA tathA parigraha aura aparigraha meM avirodha sthApita nahIM kiyA jA sakatA kiMtu samAja-vyavasthA ke sAtha unake sahAvasthAna kI vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai| hiMsA aura parigraha ko samAja-vyavasthA se pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, isa apekSA se samAja vyavasthA aura mokSa-dharma meM ekatA nahIM hai| samAja-vyavasthA meM hiMsA aura parigraha kI alpatA kI jA sakatI hai, isa apekSA se samAja-vyavasthA aura mokSa-dharma meM ekatA hai| dharma saMvedanAtIta hone ke kAraNa vaiyaktika nahIM hai, Atmika hai| kiMtu vaha vyakti kA apanA guNa hai, isa apekSA se vaha vaiyaktika bhI hai| naitikatA vyakti kA apanA guNa hai, isa apekSA se vaha vaiyaktika hai, kiMtu vaha dUsare ke prati hotI hai, isalie sAmAjika bhI hai| vaha sAmAjika hai kiMtu sAmAjika AcAra-saMhitA se abhinna nahIM hai| samAja kI AcAra-saMhitA deza-kAla ke bheda se bhinna-bhinna, parivartanazIla aura samAja kI upayogitA ke AdhAra para nirmita hotI hai / naitikatA deza aura kAla kI

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vyakti aura samAja dhArA meM ekarUpa, aparivartanazIla aura dharma se prabhAvita hotI hai / dharma aura naitikatA ko zAzvata satya kI zreNI meM rakhA jA sakatA hai, samAja kI AcAra-saMhitA ko usa zreNI meM nahIM rakhA jA sktaa| ve donoM vyakti kI AMtarika avasthAeM haiN| samAja kI AcAra-saMhitA samAja kA bAharI niyamana hai| yaha zuddha artha meM sAmAjika hai| naitikatA udgama meM vaiyaktika aura vyavahAra meM sAmAjika hai / dharma zuddha artha meM Atmika aura vyavahAra meM vaiyaktika hai| trivarga meM artha aura kAma ke sAtha jisa dharma kA ullekha hai vaha sAmAjika AcArasaMhitA hI hai| isalie mahAvIra ne kAma, artha aura dharma ko laukika vyavasAya kahA hai ! smRtiyoM meM isI dharma kI vyAra / adhika mAtrA meM huI hai| sahastrAbdiyoM se bhArata kI bahusaMkhyaka janatA ne iMsI ko zAzvata satya ke rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA hai| isI ke AdhAra para usameM aneka avAMchanIya tattva vikasita hue, jinakA Aja ke samAjazAstrI dharma kI ina kusevA ke rUpa meM varNana karate haiM1. rUr3hivAditA-dharma ne rUr3hivAditA ko janma diyaa| usake nAma para janatA paramparA aura rIti-rivAja ko tor3ane kA sAhasa nahIM kara skii| 2. zoSaNa-dharma ke nAma para striyoM kA atyadhika zoSaNa hotA rahA hai| karmavAda ke siddhAMta ne garIboM ke zoSaNa ke viruddha krAMti karane se rokA 3. Alasya aura bhAgyavAda-dharma ne bhAgyavAda ko pracArita kiyaa| phalataH janatA AlasI aura akarmaNya ho gii| 4. hiMsA aura yuddha-mAnava itihAsa ke pRSTha dharma ke nAma para kie gae nara-saMhAra aura jihAdoM se bhare par3e haiN| 5. ghRNA-samAja meM jAtIya bhedabhAva, ghRNA aura chuAchUta ke lie dharma uttaradAyI hai| samAjazAstrIya sAhitya meM dharma aura naitikatA kA aMtara isa AdhAra para pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki kucha bAteM naitikatA kI dRSTi se galata kiMtu dharma kI dRSTi se sahI hotI haiM / kabhI-kabhI dharma samAjahita ke virodhI AcaraNa kA vidhAna karatA hai / dharma ne chuAchUta kA vidhAna kiyaa| naitikatA kI dRSTi se yaha galata hai / eka patnI apane krUra aura duSTa pati ko nahIM chor3a sakatI-dharma kI dRSTi se yaha sahI hai kiMtu naitikatA kI dRSTi se galata hai| sacAI yaha hai ki naitikatA manuSya ko Age le jAtI hai aura dharma manuSya ke vikAsa ko avaruddha kara detA hai|

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM isa samUcI samAjazAstrIya samAlocanA kA AdhAra vaha smRtiyoM meM pratipAdita dharma yA trivarga kA dharma hai| jaina, bauddha, sAMkhya aura vedAMta ne jisa dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA hai usake viSaya meM isa prakAra kI samAlocanA nahIM kI jA sktii| inake dvArA pratipAdita dharma zAzvata satya kI vyAkhyA hai| usakI parivartanazIla samAja-vyavasthA meM koI hastakSepa nahIM hai| dharma ke nAma para samAja-vyavasthA kA pratipAdana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| parivartanazIla tattva ko aparivartanazIla tattva ke nAma se pracArita karane para rUr3hivAditA paidA hotI hai| smRtikAroM ne parivartanazIla samAja-vyavasthA kA vidhAna kiyaa| yadi usakA prastutIkaraNa zAzvata satya ke rUpa meM nahIM hotA to dharma kA rUr3hivAdI rUpa hamAre sAmane nahIM hotaa| striyoM kI hInatA kA pratipAdana bhI smArta dharma kI samAja-vyavasthA kA aMga hai| zAzvata dharma se usakA koI sambaMdha nahIM hai| mahAvIra ne karmavAda kI sabase adhika vyAkhyA kI hai| unakA karmavAda isa bAta kA samarthana nahIM karatA ki garIba-garIba hI rahegA aura use apanA karmaphala bhogane ke lie amIroM ke dvArA kie gae zoSaNa ko sahana karanA pdd'egaa| garIbI aura amIrI sAmAjika avasthAeM haiN| inakA saMbaMdha samAja kI vyavasthA se hai, karmavAda se nahIM hai| mahAvIra ne paruSArtha kA pratipAdana kiyaa| unake dharma meM Alasya aura akarmaNyatA ko koI sthAna nahIM hai| puruSArtha ke dvArA karma ke pariNAmoM meM bhArI parivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai| mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ko sarvocca dhArmika mUlya diyaa| unakA sUtra hai-ahiMsA dharma hai, dharma ke lie hiMsA nahIM kI jA sktii| dharma kI rakSA ahiMsA se hotI hai, dharma kI rakSA ke lie hiMsA nahIM kI jA sktii| mahAvIra ne ghoSaNA kI--manuSya jAti eka hai| jAtIya bhedabhAva, ghRNA aura chuAchUta--ye hiMsA ke tattva haiM / ahiMsA dharma meM inake lie koI avakAza nahIM hai| mahAvIra ne dharma ke tIna lakSaNa batalAe-ahiMsA, saMyama aura tp| ye tInoM Atmika aura vaiyaktika haiM / inase phalita hone vAlA caritra naitika hotA hai / rAga-dveSamukta cetanA ahiMsA hai| yaha dharma kA Adhyatmika svarUpa hai| jIva kI hiMsA nahIM karanA, jhaTha nahIM bolanA, corI nahIM karanA, brahmacarya kA pAlana karanA, parigraha nahIM rakhanA--yaha dharma kA naitika svarUpa hai| rAga-dveSa-mukta cetanA Atmika svarUpa hI hai| vaha kisI dUsare ke prati nahIM aura usakA sambandha kisI dUsare se nahIM hai / jIva kI hiMsA nahIM karanA---yaha dUsaroM ke prati AcaraNa hai| isalie yaha naitika hai / naitika niyama dharma

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vyakti aura samAja ke AdhyAtmika svarUpa se hI phalita hotA hai / isakA udgama dharma kA AdhyAtmika svarUpa hI hai / isalie yaha dharma se bhinna nahIM ho sakatA / harbarTa spensara aura thaoNmasa haksale tathA Adhunika prakRtivAdI aura mAnavatAvAdI ciMtakoM ne dharma aura naitikatA ko pRthak sthApita kiyA hai / yaha saMgata nahIM hai / jo AcAraNa dharma kI dRSTi se sahI hai, vaha naitikatA kI dRSTi se galata nahIM ho sakatA / dharma apane meM aura naitikatA dUsaroM ke prati -- ina donoM meM yahI aMtara hai| kiMtu inameM itanI dUrI nahIM hai, jisase eka hI AcaraNa to dharma kA samarthana aura naitikatA kA virodha prApta ho / samAjazAstriyoM ne dharma aura naitikatA ke bheda kA niSkarSa smRti-dharma ke AdhAra para nikaalaa| usa dharma ko sAmane rakhakara dharma aura naitikatA meM dUrI pradarzita kI jA sakatI hai / dharma ke dvArA samarthita AcaraNa ko naitikatA kA virodha prApta ho sakatA hai| vaha dharma rUr3hivAda kA samarthaka hokara samAja kI gatizIlatA kA avarodha bana sakatA hai / dharma kA AdhyAtmika svarUpa Atma- kendrita aura usakA naitika svarUpa samAja-vyApI hai| isa prakAra dharma do AyAmoM meM phailA huA hai| isa dharma meM donoM rUpa zAzvata satya para AdhArita hone ke kAraNa aparivartanIya haiN| smRti-dharma (samAja kI AcAra-saMhitA) dezakAla kI upayogitA para AdhArita hai / isalie yaha parivartanazIla hai / isa parivartanazIla dharma kI aparivartanazIla dharma ke rUpa meM sthApanA aura svIkRti hone ke kAraNa hI dharma ke nAma para samAja meM ve burAiyAM utpanna huIM jinakI carcA samAjazAstriyoM ne kI hai / 23 smRti-dharma ne artha ke arjana aura bhoga kA dizA-nirdeza diyA hai, kAma sevana kI dizAeM bhI pradarzita kI haiM / yaha dizA-nirdeza karanA smRti-dharma kA hI kAma hai / zAzvata dharma kA yaha kAma nahIM hai / usake dvArA yadi kAma aura artha kI parivartanazIla, vyavasthA kA dizA-nirdeza ho to vaha zAzvata kA rUpa lekara samAja kI bhAvI vyavasthAoM meM gatirodha paidA kara detA hai, jaisA ki Aja ho rahA hai| smRti-dharma dvArA pratipAdita kAma aura artha kI vyavasthA meM zAzvata dharma kA sahayoga ho sakatA hai| mahAvIra ne yaha sahayoga kiyA thA / unhoMne gRhasthoM kI dharma-saMhitA (yA naitika saMhitA) meM jo niyama nizcita kie, unase samAja vyavasthA ko bhI bahuta sahArA milaa| udAharaNa svarUpa ina niyamoM kA nirdeza kiyA jA sakatA hai 1. apane karmakAroM kI AjIvikA kA viccheda na karanA / 2. pazuoM para adhika bhAra na lAdanA / 3. jhUThI sAkSI na denA /

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24 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM apanI vivAhita strI ke atirikta kisI ke sAtha abrahmacarya kA sevana na karanA / 5. saMgraha kI eka nizcita sImA karanA / usa sImA se atirikta saMgraha na 4. karanA / 6. dhana- saMgraha aura bhogavRddhi ke lie dUsare dezoM meM na jAnA, Adi-Adi / mahAvIra ne arthArjana aura kAma sevana meM hone vAlI Asakti ko kama karane kA vidhAna kiyA / kintu unake upabhoga kA vidhAna nahIM kiyA / unhoMne dharmAcArya kI sImA kA kAma kiyA, kintu samAjazAstrI, arthazAstrI aura kAmazAstrI kI sImA kA kAma nahIM kiyaa| isa artha meM yadi koI unake darzana ko apUrNa mAne to mAnA jA sakatA hai / unake anuyAyI ko dUsarI vyavasthAoM para nirbhara honA par3atA hai- yadi koI yaha Aropa lagAe to lagAyA jA sakatA hai / zAzvata dharma kI yaha apUrNatA aura para nirbharatA na ho to smRti-dharma zAzvata dharma ke svarUpa ko hI dhuMdhalA kara degA | pUrNatA aura Atma-nirbharatA sApekSa hI ho sakatI hai / dharma aura naitikatA kI apekSA se vyakti vAstavika ho sakatA hai, kintu artha aura kAma kI apekSA se vaha vAstavika nahIM haiM / artha aura kAma kI apekSA se samAja vAstavika ho sakatA hai, kintu dharma aura naitikatA kI apekSA se vaha vAstavika nahIM hai / vyakti vAstavika aura samAja avAstavika -- vyaktivAdI dArzanikoM kI isa svIkRti ne vyakti ko artha-saMgraha kI asImita svatantratA dekara zoSaNa kI samasyA ko janma diyaa| samAja vAstavika aura vyakti avAstavika-samAjavAdI dArzanikoM kI isa svIkRti ne vyakti kI vaicArika svatantratA ko rAjya-pratibaddha kara mAnava ke yaMtrIkaraNa kI samasyA ko janma diyA / vyakti aura samAja kI sApekSa vAstavikatA kI svIkRti hI ina samasyAoM se samAja ko mukti de sakatI hai /

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dharma se AjIvikA : icchA parimANa bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-'icchA AkAza ke samAna ananta hai|' yaha dhArmika dRSTi se jitanA satya hai utanA hI arthazAstrIya dRSTi se satya hai / arthazAstra ke anusAra mAMga se AvazyakatA kA kSetra bar3A hotA hai / icchA' kA kSetra usase bhI bar3A hotA hai / sabhI icchAeM AvazyakatAeM nahIM ho sakatIM, jabaki sabhI AvazyakatAeM icchAeM avazya hotI haiM / icchA se AvazyakatA kA kSetra saMkucita aura mAMga kA kSetra usase bhI saMkucita hotA hai| mAMga AvazyakatAeM icchAeM icchA naisargika hotI hai| AvazyakatAeM bhaugolika paristhiti, sAmAjika rIti-rivAja, zArIrika apekSA. Arthika paristhiti aura dhArmika bhAvanA ke dvArA nirdhArita hotI haiN| 1. AvazyakatA-AvazyakatA manuSya kI usa icchA ko kahate haiM jisako pUrA karane ke lie usake pAsa paryApta dhana ho aura sAtha hI vaha manuSya usa dhana ko kharca karane ke lie taiyAra bhI ho / 2. mAMga-mAMga usa AvazyakatA ko kahate haiM jisakI saMtuSTi kI jA cukI hai|

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM 1. Arthika paristhiti dvArA AvazyakatA kA nirdhAraNa-garIba vyakti kI AvazyakatAeM sImita tathA sAdI hotI haiN| vaha kevala jIvana-rakSaka AvazyakatAoM ko hI pUrNa kara pAtA hai| dhanI vyakti kI AvazyakatAeM usase bahuta adhika hotI haiN| vaha kevala jIvana-rakSaka AvazyakatAoM ko hI pUrNa nahIM karatA, vilAsitAyukta AvazyakatAoM ko bhI pUrNa karatA dhArmika bhAvanA ke dvArA AvazyakatA kA nirdhAraNa dhArmika vyakti kI AvazyakatAeM naitika dRSTi se prabhAvita hotI haiN| vaha jina naitika AdarzoM ko mAnatA hai unhIM ke AdhAra para apanI AvazyakatAoM kA nirmANa karatA hai| usakI AvazyakatAeM bahuta kama aura sAdA hotI haiN| kintu bhautika manovRtti rakhane vAle vyakti kI AvazyakatAeM usakI tulanA meM bahuta adhika aura bahuta prakAra kI hotI haiN| AvazyakatA kA gaDhA itanA gaharA hai ki use kabhI bharA nahIM jA sktaa| isa satya kI svIkRti dharmazAstra aura arthazAstra--donoM ne kI hai / bhagavAn ne kahA--'lAbha se lobha bar3hatA hai| jaise-jaise lAbha hotA hai vaise-vaise lobha bar3hatA jAtA hai| eka AvazyakatA pUrNa hotI hai to dUsarI naI AvazyakatA janma le letI hai / AvazyakatA kI isa vizeSatA ke AdhAra para azAMti kA niyama nizcita kiyA gyaa| AvazyakatA kI asImitatA ke kAraNa manuSya kI zAMti bhaMga hotI hai / arthazAstra meM bhI AvazyakatA kI apUraNIyatA pratipAdita hai / DaoN0 mArzala ne likhA hai-'manuSya kI AvazyakatAeM aura icchAeM asaMkhya aura aneka prakAra kI hotI haiN| yadi manuSya eka AvazyakatA ko pUrNa karatA hai to dUsarI naI AvazyakatA samAne khar3I ho jAtI hai| jIvana-paryanta apanI sabhI AvazyakatA kI isa vizeSatA ke AdhAra para 'pragati kA niyama' (Law of Progress) sthApita kiyaa| unakA mata hai ki asImita AvazyakatAoM ke kAraNa hI naye-naye AviSkAra hote haiN| phalasvarUpa samAja kI Arthika pragati hotI hai| manuSya sAmAjika prANI hai aura sAmAjika jIvana kA mukhya AdhAra artha hai / ina dRSTikoNa se Arthika pragati bahuta Avazyaka hai| AvazyakatAoM ke sImita hone para Arthika pragati ko protsAhana nahIM miltaa| isalie Arthika vikAsa kI dRSTi - 1. Principles of Economics P. 73

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dharma se AjIvikA: icchA parimANa se AvazyakatAoM kA vistAra jarUrI hai / isI vastu satya ko dhyAna meM rakhakara eka prAcIna arthazAstrI ne kahA thA -- ' asaMtuSTa saMnyAsI naSTa ho jAtA hai aura saMtuSTa rAjA naSTa hotA hai / ' saMnyAsI ke lie AvazyakatAoM ko kama karanA guNa hai aura unakA vistAra karanA doSa hai / sAmAjika vyakti ke lie AvazyakatAoM ko kama karanA doSa hai aura unakA vistAra karanA guNa hai / 1 'manuSya sAmAjika prANI hai - isa vAstavikatA ke saMdarbha meM arthazAstra kA AvazyakatAoM ko asImita karane kA dRSTikoNa galata nahIM hai / kintu manuSya kyA kevala sAmAjika prANI hI hai ? kyA vaha vyakti nahIM hai ? kyA usameM sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana nahIM hai ? kyA asImita AvazyakatAoM kA dabAva usameM zArIrika aura mAnasika tanAva paidA nahIM karatA ? kyA AvazyakatA ke vistAra ke pIche khar3A huA icchA kA daitya zArIrika granthiyoM ke srAva ko asta-vyasta aura mAnasika vikSobha utpanna nahIM kara detA ? ina samasyAoM kI ora dhyAna na dekara hI hama AvazyakatAoM ke vistAra kA aikAntika samarthana kara sakate haiM / kintu jaba manuSya ko mAnavIya pahalU se dekhate haiM taba hama icchAoM kI asImitatA kA samarthana nahIM kara sakate / isa mAnavIya aura AdhyAtmika dRSTikoNa se icchAoM ko sImita karanA jarUrI hai / arthazAstrIya aura dhArmika -- ye donoM dRSTikoNa apane-apane viSayakSetra kI dRSTi meM hI satya haiM / dharmazAstra kahatA hai- 'AvazyakatA ko kama karo / ' taba hameM iMsa satya kI ora se AMkheM nahIM mUMda lenI cAhie ki yaha pratipAdana mAnasika azAMti kI samasyA ko sAmane rakhakara kiyA gayA hai / arthazAstra kahatA hai-- 'AvazyakatAoM kA vistAra karo / ' taba hameM isa vAstavikatA se AMkheM nahIM mUMda lenI cAhie ki isa siddhAMta kA pratipAdana manuSya kI sukha-suvidhA ke vikAsa ko dhyAna meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai| mahAvIra ne sAmAjika vyakti ke lie aparigraha kI bAta nahIM kahI / vaha muni ke lie saMbhava hai / sAmAjika prANI ke lie unhoMne, icchA-parimANa ke siddhAMta kA pratipAdana kiyA / sAmAjika manuSya icchAoM aura AvazyakatAoM ko samApta kara jIvana ko nahIM calA sakatA aura unakA vistAra kara zAMtipUrNa jIvana nahIM jI sktaa| isalie unhoMne donoM ke madhyavartI siddhAMta (icchA - parimANa) kA pratipAdana kiyA / 1 jIvana ke prati dharmazAstra kA jo dRSTikoNa hai usase arthazAstra kA dRSTikoNa maulika rUpa se bhinna hai / dharmazAstra jIvana kI vyAkhyA AMtarika cetanA ke vikAsa ke pahalU se karatA hai / arthazAstra jIvana kI vyAkhyA Arthika kriyAoM ke mAdhyama 27

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM se karatA hai| donoM vyAkhyAoM kI pRSThabhUmi aura dRSTikoNa eka nahIM hai| isalie dharmazAstra arthazAstra aura arthazAstra dharmazAstra kA samarthana nahIM krtaa| kintu dharma aura dhana-donoM kA sAmAjika jIvana se sambandha hotA hai, isalie jIvana ke kucha binduoM para unakA saMgama hotA hai / ve eka-dUsare ko prabhAvita bhI karate haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-'icchAoM ko saMtoSa se jiito|' agni meM IMdhana DAlakara use bujhAyA nahIM jA sakatA, vaise hI icchA kI pUrti ke dvArA icchAoM ko saMtuSTa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi, vastuoM kI vRddhi, utpAdana aura zrama kI vRddhi meM yoga detI hai| kintu sukha aura zAMti meM bhI yoga detI hai--yaha mAnyatA bhrAMtipUrNa hai| AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se jIvana kA stara unnata hotA hai, kintu sukha aura zAMti kA stara unnata hotA hai-yaha nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| dhArmika manuSya bhI sAmAjika prANI hotA hai| sAmAjika hone ke kAraNa yaha anivAryatA aura savidhA kI koTi kI AvazyakatAoM ko nahIM chor3a pAtA / mahAvIra ne gRhastha ko inake tyAga kA nirdeza nahIM diyaa| vilAsitA koTi kI AvazyakatAeM dhArmika ko chor3anI cAhie--isa AdhAra para 'icchA-parimANa' kI sImA-rekhA khIMcI jA sakatI hai| ___anivAryatA aura suvidhA koTi kI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karate hue vilAsitA koTi kI AvazyakatAoM aura icchAoM kA saMyama karanA Avazyaka hai| isameM Arthika vikAsa aura unnata jIvana-stara kI saMbhAvanAoM kA dvAra banda bhI nahIM hai tathA vilAsitA ke AdhAra para hone vAlI Arthika pragati aura unnata jIvana-stara kA dvAra khulA bhI nahIM hai| arthazAstra ke anusAra anivAryatA, suvidhA aura vilAsitA kI sImA isa prakAra hai-'sukha-duHkha ke AdhAra ke anusAra AvazyakatAoM kA vargIkaraNa isa bAta se nirdhArita hotA hai ki kisI vastu ke upabhoga se upabhoktA ko sukha milatA hai yA upabhoga na karane se use duHkha hotA hai| yadi kisI vastu ke upabhoga se manuSya ko thor3A-sA sukha milatA hai aura upabhoga na karane se bahuta duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai taba aisI vastu ko hama anivAryatA kheNge| yadi kisI vastu ke upabhoga se manuSya ko anivAryatA kI apekSA adhika sukha milatA hai, parantu usakA upabhoga na karane se thor3A-sA duHkha hotA hai taba aisI vastu ke upabhoga karane se atyanta sukha anubhava hotA hai tathA usakA upabhoga na karane se duHkha hotA (sivAya isake ki jaba manuSya usa vastu ke upabhoga kA Adi hotA hai) taba usako vilAsitA kI vastu kahate haiM /

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dharma se AjIvikA : icchA parimANa yadi kisI vastu ke upabhoga se alpakAlika sukha milatA hai tathA upabhoga na karane se bahuta kaSTa hotA hai taba usako dhanotsargika vastu kahate haiM / sukha-duHkha ke AdhAra para AvazyakatAoM ke isa vargIkaraNa ko nimna tAlikA dvArA spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai manuSya ke sukha-duHkha para prabhAva vastueM anivAryatAeM sukhadAyaka vastueM (suvidhAeM) vilAsitAeM vastu kA upabhoga karane para thor3A-sA sukha milatA hai / kucha adhika sukha milatA hai bahuta sukha milatA hai / 29 sAmane arthazAstrI kI dRSTi meM naitikatA aura zAMti---ye saba gauNa hote haiM / usake mukhya prazna Arthika pragati ke dvArA mAnavIya kalyANa kA hotA hai| isa AdhAra para vaha vilAsitA kA samarthana karatA hai aura Arthika pragati ke lie use Avazyaka mAnatA hai| dharma-guru kI dRSTi meM Arthika pragati kA prazna gauNa hotA hai, naitikatA aura zAMti kA prazna mukhya hotA hai 1 dharma-guru sAmAjika vyakti ko dharma meM dIkSita karatA hai, isalie vaha usakI Arthika apekSAoM kI sarvathA upekSA kara usake lie aparigraha ke niyamoM kI saMracanA nahIM kara sktaa| isa AdhAra para 'icchA - parimANa' vrata ke paripArzva meM mahAvIra ne ina naitika niyamoM kA nirdeza diyA 1. jhUThA tola - mApa na karanA / 2. milAvaTa na karanA / vastu kA upabhoga na karane para bahuta duHkha hotA hai / thor3A duHkha hotA hai / duHkha nahIM hotA / ' 3. asalI vastu dikhAkara nakalI vastu na becanA / samAja ke saMdarbha meM icchA-parimANa ke niyAmaka tattva do haiM- prAmANikatA aura karuNA / vyakti ke saMdarbha meM usakA niyAmaka tattva hai - saMyama / jhUThA tola -mApa Adi na karane ke pIche saMyama kI preraNA hai| vyaktigata upabhoga kama karane ke pIche saMyama kI preraNA hai / mahAvIra ke vratI zrAvaka arthArjana meM aprAmANika sAdhanoM kA prayoga 1. ema. ela. seTha, Adhunika arthazAstra, pR090-91 /

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30 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM nahIM karate the aura vyaktigata jIvana kI sImA rakhate the| dhana ke arjana meM prAmANika sAdhanoM kA upayoga na karanA, saMgraha kI nizcita sImA karanA aura vyaktigata upabhoga kA saMyama karanA-ye tInoM milakara 'icchA-parimANa' vrata kA nirmANa karate haiN| yaha Arthika vipannatA kA vrata nahIM hai| dharma aura garIbI meM koI sambandha nahIM hai / garIba AdamI hI dhArmika ho sakatA hai yA dhArmika ko garIba honA cAhie-yaha cintana mahAvIra kI dRSTi meM truTipUrNa hai| dharma kI ArAdhanA na garIba kara sakatA hai aura na amIra kara sakatA hai| jisake mana meM zAMti kI bhAvanA jAgRta ho jAtI hai vaha dharma kI ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai, phira cAhe vaha garIba ho yA amIra / dhArmika vyakti garIbI aura amIrI-donoM se dUra hokara tyAgI hotA hai| hamane dharma ko eka jAti kA rUpa de diyaa| hamAre yaga ke dhArmika janmanA dhArmika haiN| jo vyakti jisa paramparA meM janma letA hai, usa vaMza-paramparA kA dharma usakA dharma ho jAtA hai / janmanA dhArmika ke lie icchA-parimANa kA vrata arthavAn nahIM hai| yaha una logoM ke lie arthavAn hai jo karmaNA dhArmika hote haiM / aise dhArmika, sAdhu-saMnyAsiyoM jitane virala nahIM, phira bhI janasaMkhyA kI apekSA virala hI hote haiN| isalie unake AdhAra para na to Arthika mAnyatAeM sthApita hotI haiM aura na ve Arthika pragati meM avarodha banate haiN| adhikAMza dhArmika janmanA dharma ke anuyAyI hote haiN| ve AvazyakatAoM kI kamI, artha-saMgraha kI kamI, vilAsitA ke saMyama aura naitika niyamoM meM vizvAsa nahIM karate / unakA dharma naitikatA-zUnya dharma hotA hai| dhArmika hone ke sAtha-sAtha naitika honA Avazyaka nahIM mAnate / ve dharma ke prati ruci pradarzita karate haiM, para unakA AcaraNa nahIM krte| aise dhArmikoM kA dharma Arthika pragati ko prabhAvita nahIM krtaa| arthazAstra meM Arthika pragati ke lie AvazyakatA bar3hAne kA siddhAMta hai / kucha arthazAstrI isakA mukta samarthana karate haiM to kucha arthazAstrI isake mukta samarthana ke pakSa meM nahIM haiN| AvazyakatAoM ko bar3hAne ke pakSa meM nimna tarka prastuta kie jAte 1. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se manuSya ko adhikatama sukha yA saMtoSa prApta hotA hai| AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi sabhyatA ke vikAsa aura jIvanastara kI unnati meM sahAyaka hotI hai| 3. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se dhana ke utpAdana meM vRddhi hotI hai| 4. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se rAjya kI Arthika sthiti sudRr3ha hotI hai phalataH vaha rAjya sainika dRSTikoNa se sazakta aura apanI rakSA meM Atma-nirbhara

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dharma se AjIvikA : icchA parimANa ho jAtA hai| AvazyakatA ko bar3hAne ke vipakSa meM nimna tarka prastuta kie jAte haiM1. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se manuSya duHkha-kleza kA anubhava karatA hai| 2. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi aura phira unakI saMtuSTi ke lie nirantara prayatna manuSya ko bhautikavAdI banAtA hai| AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se samAja meM varga-saMgharSa (class struggle) ho jAtA hai| 4. AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi se manuSya svArthI ho jAtA hai aura vaha adhika dhana kamAne ke lie aprAmANika sAdhanoM kA prayoga karatA hai| anekAnta kI dRSTi se mImAMsA karane para yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki satyAMza donoM ke madhya meM hai| AvazyakatAoM kI atyanta kamI meM sAmAjika unnati nahIM hotI-yaha arthazAstrIya dRSTikoNa mithyA nahIM hai to AvazyakatAoM kI atyanta vRddhi hone para duHkha yA kleza bar3hatA hai, yaha dRSTikoNa bhI mithyA nahIM hai / isa dUsare dRSTikoNa ko dharma kA samarthana isalie prApta hai ki mArzala ke anusAra arthazAstra mAnavIya kalyANa kA zAstra hai aura isakA mukhya uddezya mAnavIya kalyANa meM vRddhi karanA hai / sImita sAdhanoM meM asImita AvazyakatAoM kI saMtuSTi kA patha pradarzita karanA arthazAstra kA kArya hai| kintu jisa anupAta meM AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi kI jA sakatI hai usI anupAta meM unakI saMtuSTi nahIM kI jA sktii| sabhI manuSya apanI sabhI AvazyakatAoM ko saMtuSTa nahIM kara sakate / adhikAMza loga apanI tIvra AvazyakatAoM (anivAryatAoM) kI saMtuSTi kara pAte haiN| madhyama AvazyakatAoM (suvidhAoM) kI saMtuSTi apekSAkRta kama loga kara pAte haiN| manda AvazyakatAoM (vilAsitAoM) kI saMtuSTi kucha hI loga kara pAte haiN| isa krama ke sAtha mahAvIra ke dRSTikoNa-'lobha se lobha bar3hatA hai' kA adhyayana karane para yaha phalita hotA hai ki AvazyakatAoM kI vRddhi ke krama meM kucha AvazyakatAoM kI saMtuSTi kI jA sakatI hai, kintu unakI vRddhi ke sAtha ubharane vAle mAnasika asaMtoSa aura azAnti kI cikitsA nahIM kI jA sakatI / arthazAstra dvArA prastuta mAnava ke bhautika kalyANa kI vedI para mAnava kI mAnasika zAnti kI Ahuti nahIM dI jA sktii| isalie bhautika kalyANa aura AdhyAtmika kalyANa ke madhya sAmaMjasya sthApita karanA anivArya hai| yadi manuSya samAja ko mAnasika tanAva, pAgalapana, krUratA, zoSaNa, AkramaNa aura 1. Alfred Marshall, Principal of Economics, P. 1.

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM ucchaMkhala pravRttiyoM se bacanA iSTa hai to yaha anivAryatA aura adhika tIvra ho jAtI hai| isI anivAryatA kI anubhUti karake hI mahAvIra ne samAja ke sAmane 'icchA-parimANa' kA siddhAMta prastuta kiyaa| isa Adarza meM anivAryatAoM aura suvidhAoM ko chor3ane kI zarta nahIM hai aura vilAsitApUrNa AvazyakatAoM kI paramparA ko cAlU rakhane kI svIkRti bhI nahIM hai / 'icchA-parimANa' ke siddhAMta meM arthazAstrIya AvazyakatA-vRddhi ke siddhAMta se maulika bhinnatA do viSayoM kI hai| pahalI bhinnatA yaha hai-arthazAstra vilAsitAoM ke upabhoga kA samarthana karatA hai| usake samarthana meM nimna tarka prastuta kie jAte haiM 1. vilAsitAoM ke upabhoga se sAmAjika tathA Arthika unnati hotI hai| 2. karmazIlatA ko protsAhana milatA hai| 3. jIvana-stara UMcA hotA hai| 4. dhana saMgraha hotA hai| saMkaTa ke samaya vaha (AbhUSaNa Adi) sahAyaka siddha hotA hai| 5. kalA-kauzala, kArIgarI tathA udyoga-dhaMdhoM ko protsAhana milatA hai| saba arthazAstrI ina vilAsitAoM ke upabhoga ke siddhAnta kA samarthana nahIM karate / unakA dRSTikoNa yaha hai ki vilAsitAoM ke upayoga se 1. varga-viSamatA (class inequality) bar3hatI hai| 2. utpAdana-kAryoM ke lie pUMjI kI kamI ho jAtI hai| 3. nirdhana varga para pratikUla prabhAva hotA hai, dveSa tathA ghRNA kI vRddhi hotI vilAsitA ke prati yaha dRSTikoNa dharma ke dRSTikoNa se bhinna nahIM hai, kintu vilAsitA ke samarthana kA arthazAstrIya dRSTikoNa usase sarvathA bhinna hai| dUsarI bhinnatA yaha hai ki arthazAstra meM naitika niyamoM kI anivAryatA svIkRta nahIM hai / naitika niyamoM kI avehalanA usakA uddezya nahIM hai, kintu yaha usakI prakRti kA prazna hai| usakI prakRti upayogitA hai| upayogitA kA artha hai-AvazyakatA ko saMtuSTa karane kI kSamatA / naitika niyama ke anusAra zarAba manuSya ke lie lAbhadAyI nahIM hai, isalie vaha upayogI bhI nahIM hai| vahI vastu upayogI ho sakatI hai jo lAbhadAyI ho / jo pravRttikAla aura pariNAmakAla--donoM meM sukhada na ho, vaha lAbhadAyaka nahIM ho sakatI aura jo lAbhadAyaka nahIM ho sakatI vaha upayogI nahIM ho sakatI / arthazAstra meM upayogitA kI paribhASA naitikatA kI paribhASA se bhinna hai| usameM

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dharma se AjIvikA : icchA parimANa upayogitA ke sAtha lAbhadAyakatA kA anubandha nahIM hai / AvazyakatA ko saMtuSTa karane vAlI vastu lAbhadAyI na hone para bhI upayogI ho sakatI hai| madyapAna nizcita rUpa se hAnikAraka hai| kinta madya meM madyapa ke lie upayogitA hai| madyapa madya kI AvazyakatA kA anubhava karatA hai aura madya usakI AvazyakatA ko saMtuSTa karatA hai| pro. robinsana kA mata hai ki arthazAstra meM aise aneka viSayoM kA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai jinakA mAnavIya-kalyANa se dUra kA bhI sambandha nahIM hotaa| madya pIne se manuSya ke kalyANa athavA sukha meM kisI prakAra kI vRddhi nahIM hotI, pratyuta kamI hone kI sambhAvanA hai| phira bhI madya-udyoga kA arthazAstra meM adhyayana hotA hai, kyoMki madya-nirmANa eka Arthika kArya hai aura aneka vyakti isa udyoga se apanI AjIvikA kamAte haiN| dharmazAstra aura arthazAstra ke dRSTikoNa kA yaha antara usakI prakRti kA antara hai| donoM kI prakRti kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane para yaha spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki1. naitika niyama manuSya ke sAmane jIvana kA Adarza prastuta karate haiM / Arthika niyama mAnavIya AcaraNa ke Arthika pahaluoM kA adhyayana karate haiN| 2. naitika niyamoM kI avahelanA karane para manuSya ko AtmaglAni hotI hai| Arthika niyamoM kA atikramaNa karane para AtmaglAni nahIM hotii| 3. naitika niyamoM kA pAlana karane para manuSya kI AdhyAtmika unnati hotI hai| Arthika niyamoM kA pAlana karane para Arthika unnati hotI hai| isa prakRti-bheda ko samajha lene para dharmazAstra ke vidhi-vidhAna kI dUrI svayaM buddhigamya ho jAtI hai| arthazAstra meM naitikatA ke lie sarvathA avakAza nahIM, aisI bAta nahIM hai| ImAnadArI, niSkapaTatA Adi guNoM ko kArya-kuzalatA kA nirdhAraNa karane vAle tattvoM ke rUpa meM svIkAra karane vAle arthazAstrI naitikatA kI sarvathA upekSA nahIM kara sakate / arthazAstra aura nItizAstra-ye donoM samAjazAstra ke hI aMga haiN| ina donoM meM mAnavIya vyavahAra kA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai| arthazAstra meM mAnavIya vyavahAra ke Arthika pahalU kA aura nItizAstra meM AdarzAtmaka pahalU kA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai / nItizAstra Adarza prastuta karatA hai| vaha hameM batAtA hai ki hamArA AcaraNa kaisA honA caahie| nItizAstra ucita aura anucita meM bheda karane kA Adeza detA hai aura hameM batAtA hai ki kyA karanA cAhie aura kyA nahIM karanA cAhie / arthazAstrI Arthika nirNaya sunAte tathA vyavasthA dete samaya nItizAstra ke nirdezoM kI upekSA nahIM kara sakate / udAharaNArtha DaoN. mArzala ne sadAcAra ke AdhAra

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34 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM para apanI 'utpAdaka zrama' kI dhAraNA se vezyAvRtti ko bAhara nikAla diyaa| jaisA ki pro. sailigamaina (Saligman) ne kahA hai-'saccI Arthika kriyA pariNAmata sadAcArika honA caahie|' isa prakAra arthazAstrI Arthika nIti ke nirmANa meM nItizAstra kI upekSA nahIM kara sktaa| isI prakAra arthazAstra kA nItizAstra para bhI bahuta gaharA prabhAva par3atA hai| Arthika paristhitiyAM manuSya ke caritra tathA AcAra-vicAra para gaharA prabhAva DAlatI haiM / amuka vyakti kA AcAra kaisA hogA, isa bAta se nizcita hotA hai ki vaha apanI AjIvikA kaise kamAtA hai / isa prakAra arthazAstra aura nItizAstra meM ghaniSTha sambandha ___ mahAvIra ne kahA-'icchA kA parimANa nahIM karane vAlA manuSya adharma se AjIvikA kamAtA hai aura icchA kA parimANa karane vAlA manuSya dharma se AjIvikA kamAtA haiN| adharma yA dharma se AjIvikA kamAne meM Arthika paristhitiyAM nimitta banatI haiM, kintu unakA utpAdana kAraNa anAzakti tathA dharmazraddhA kA tAratamya hai| 'icchA-parimANa' niSkarSa sApekSa meM isa prakAra prastuta kie jA sakate haiM1. na garIba aura na vilAsitA kA jIvana / 2. dhana AvazyakatA-pUrti kA sAdhana hai, sAdhya nhiiN| dhana manuSya ke lie hai, manuSya dhana ke lie nahIM hai| 3. AvazyakatA kI santuSTi ke lie dhana kA arjana kintu dUsaroM ko hAni pahuMcAkara apanI AvazyakatAoM kI saMtuSTi na ho, isakA jAgarUka prayatna / 4. AvazyakatAoM, sukha-suvidhAoM aura unakI saMtuSTi ke sAdhanabhUta dhana-saMgraha kI sImA kA nirdhaarnn|| dhana ke prati upayogitA ke dRSTikoNa kA nirmANa kara saMgrahita dhana meM anAzakti kA vikaas| 6. dhana ke saMtuSTi-guNa ko svIkAra karate hue AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dRSTi se usakI asAratA kA anucintana / 7. visarjana kI kSamatA kA vikaas| . 1. ema. ela. seTha : Adhunika arthazAstra, pR. 33 /

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manuSya kI svatantratA kA mUlya 1 | yadi yaha jagat advaita hotA - eka hI tattva hotA, dUsarA nahIM hotA to svataMtra aura parataMtra kI mImAMsA nahIM hotii| isa jagat meM aneka tattva haiM / ve eka-dUsare ko prabhAvita karate haiM / unameM kArya-kAraNa kA sambandha bhI hai / isa paristhiti meM svatantra aura paratantra kI mImAMsA anivArya ho jAtI hai| dUsarI bAta hai - pratyeka tattva parivartanazIla hai / parivartana tattva kI Antarika prakriyA hai| kAla ke hara kSaNa ke sAtha vaha ghaTita hotA hai / sUrya aura candrakRta kAla sArvadezika nahIM hai / jo parivartana kA nimitta banatA hai, vaha kAla sArvadezika hai, vaha pratyeka tattva kA Antarika paryAya hai / vaha nirantara gatizIla hai / usakI gatizIlatA tattva ko bhI gatizIla rakhatI hai| vaha kabhI aura kahIM bhI avaruddha nahIM hotI / parivartana kI anivArya zrRMkhalA se pratibaddha tattva ke lie svataMtra aura parataMtra kA prazna svAbhAvika hai| jo kArya-kAraNa kI zrRMkhalA se baMdhA huA hai, vaha svatantra nahIM ho sakatA / jisake sAtha parivartana kI anivAryatA jur3I huI hai, vaha svatantra nahIM ho sktaa| manuSya kArya-kAraNa kI zrRMkhalA meM baMdhA huA hai, gatizIlatA kA apavAda bhI nahIM hai, phira vaha svatantra kaise ho sakatA hai ? kyA phira vaha paratantra haiM ? koI bhI vastu kevala paratantra nahIM ho sakatI / yadi koI svatantra hai to koI paratantra ho sakatA hai aura yadi vaha paratantra hai to koI svatantra ho sakatA hai / kevala svatantra aura kevala paratantra koI nahIM ho sakatA / pratipakSa ke binA pakSa kA astitva sthApita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| manuSya parataMtra hai, isakA artha hai ki vaha svatantra bhI hai / svatantra aura paratantra kI sApekSa vyAkhyA ho sakatI hai / nirapekSa dRSTi se koI vastu svatantra nahIM hai aura koI paratantra nahIM hai / mahAvIra ne do nayoM se vizva kI vyAkhyA kI -- pahalA nizcaya naya aura dUsarA vyavahAra naya / nizcita naya ke anusAra pratyeka vastu apane svarUpa meM pratiSThita hai / na koI AdhAra hai aura na koI Adheya / na koI kAraNa hai aura na koI kArya / na koI kartA hai aura na koI kRti / jo kucha hai vaha svarUpagata hai / yaha astitva kI vyAkhyA hai| usake vistAra kI vyAkhyA

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM vyavahAra naya karatA hai| usakI sImA meM AdhAra aura Adheya, kArya aura kAraNa, kartA aura kRti kA sambandha hai, vahAM svatantratA aura paratantratA kI bhI vyAkhyA sambhava hai / svatantratA kA cintana do koTi ke dArzanikoM ne kiyA hai| dharma ke saMdarbha meM svatantratA kA cintana karane vAle dArzanika vyakti kI Antarika prabhAvoM (Atmika guNoM ko naSTa karane vAle AvezoM) se mukti ko svatantratA mAnate haiN| rAjanIti ke saMdarbha meM svatantratA kA cintana karane vAle dArzanika vyakti kI bAharI prabhAvoM (vyavasthAkRta doSapUrNa niyaMtraNoM) ke mukti ko svatantratA mAnate haiN| dharma jAgatika niyamoM kI vyAkhyA hai, isalie usakI sImA meM svatantratA kA sambandha kevala manuSya se nahIM kintu jAgatika vyavasthA se hai| rAjanIti vaidhAnika niyamoM kI vyAkhyA hai, isalie usakI sImA meM svatantratA kA sambandha vyaktiyoM ke pArasparika sambandha aura saMvidhAna se hai / bhAratIya dharmAcAryoM va dArzanikoM ne adhikAMzatayA dhArmika svatantratA kI vyAkhyA kI hai| unhoMne rAjanItika svatantratA ke viSaya meM apanA mata prakaTa nahIM kiyaa| isakA eka kAraNa yaha ho sakatA hai ki ve zAzvata niyamoM kI vyAkhyA meM rAjanIti ke sAmayika niyamoM kA mizraNa karanA nahIM cAhate the| unhoMne zAzvata niyamoM para AdhArita svatantratA kI vyAkhyA se rAjanItika svatantratA ko prabhAvita kiyA kintu usakA svarUpa nirdhArita nahIM kiyaa| smRtikAroM aura paurANika paMDitoM ne rAjanItika svatantratA kI vyAkhyA kI hai| unhoMne vaiyaktika svatantratA ko bahata mulya diyaa| pazcimI dArzanikoM ne rAjanIti ke saMdarbha meM svatantratA aura zAsana-vyavasthA kI samasyA para paryApta cintana kiyA / arastU, aikvAinesa, laoNka aura mila Adi rAjanItika dArzanikoM ne vaiyaktika svatantratA ko AdhArabhUta tattva ke rUpa meM pratipAdita kiyaa| dUsarI ora pleTo, mAkyAveli, hAbja, hegala aura barka Adi rAjanItika dArzanikoM ne zAsana-vyavasthA ko prAthamikatA dI / rAjanItika dArzanikoM kI dRSTi meM vahI vyakti svatantra hai jo kartavya kA pAlana karatA hai-vahI kArya karatA hai jo use karanA cAhie / vyakti ke kartavya kA nidhAraNa sAmAjika mAnyatAoM aura saMvidhAna kI svIkRtiyoM ke AdhAra para hotA hai| isa artha meM vyakti sAmAjika aura vaidhAnika svIkRtiyoM kA atikramaNa kie binA icchAnusAra kArya karane meM svatantra hai| isa svatantratA kA upayoga sAmAjika aura Arthika pragati meM hotA hai| mahAvIra ke darzana meM svatantratA kA artha hai kaSAya-makti-krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha se makti / Avezamakta vyakti hI svatantra

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37 manuSya kI svatantratA kA mUlya kriyA kara sakatA hai| gAlI ke prati gAlI, krodha ke prati krodha, ahaM ke prati ahaM aura pravAha ke prati pravAha-yaha pratikriyA kA jIvana hai| pratikriyA kA jIvana jIne vAlA koI bhI vyakti svatantra nahIM ho sktaa| cir3iyA jaise apane pratibimba para coMca mAratI hai, bacce ne apanI parachAI ko pakar3ane kA prayatna kiyA aura siMha apane hI pratibimba ke sAtha lar3atA huA kueM meM gira par3A-ye saba pratikriyAeM bAharI darzana se ghaTita hotI haiM / svatantratA AMtarika guNa hai / jisakA antaH-karaNa Aveza' se mukta ho jAtA hai, vaha samasyA kA samAdhAna apane bhItara khojatA hai, kriyA kA jIvana jItA hai aura vaha sahI artha meM svatantra hotA hai| vaha gAlI ke prati mauna, krodha ke prati prema, ahaM ke prati vinamratA aura prahAra ke prati zAMti kA AcaraNa kara sakatA hai / yaha kriyA sAmane vAle vyakti ke vyavahAra se prerita nahIM hotI kintu apane dhyeya se prerita hotI hai, isalie yaha kriyA hai| svatantratA kA AdhyAtmika artha hai kriyA, paratantratA kA artha hai pratikriyA / ahiMsA kriyA hai, hiMsA pratikriyA / isalie mahAvIra ne ahiMsA ko dharma aura hiMsA ko adharma btlaayaa| dUsare zabdoM meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki svatantratA dharma hai aura parataMtratA adharma / Antarika jagat meM manuSya sImAtIta svatantra ho sakatA hai kintu zarIra, karma aura samAja ke pratibandha-kSetra meM koI bhI manuSya sImAtIta svatantra nahIM ho sktaa| vahAM AMtarika aura bAharI prabhAva usakI svatantratA ko sImita kara dete haiN| AtmA apane astitva meM hI pUrNa svatantra ho sakatI hai| bAharI samparko meM usakI svatantratA sApekSa ho sakatI hai| yaha saMsAra apane svarUpa meM svayaM badalatA hai| isake bAharI AkAra ko jIva badalate haiM aura mukhyatayA manuSya badalatA hai / kyA manuSya isa saMsAra ko badalane meM samartha hai? kyA vaha ise acchA banAne meM samartha hai? ina praznoM kA uttara do virodhI dhArAoM meM milatA hai| eka dhArA paratantratAvAdI dArzanikoM kI hai| unake anusAra manuSya kArya karane meM svatantra hai| vaha saMsAra ko badala sakatA hai, use acchA banA sakatA hai| kAlavAdI dArzanika manuSya ke kArya ko kAla se pratibandhita, svabhAvavAdI dArzanika use svabhAva se pratibandhita, niyativAdI dArzanika use niyati se nirdhArita, bhAgyavAdI dArzanika use bhAgya ke adhIna aura puruSArthavAdI dArzanika use puruSArtha se niSpanna mAnate haiN| mahAvIra ne manuSya ke kArya kI anekAMta dRSTi se samIkSA kii| unhoMne kahA-dravya vaha hotA hai, jisameM arthakriyA hotI hai| yaha svAbhAvika kriyA hai / yaha na kisI nimitta se hotI hai aura na kisI nimitta se avaruddha hotI hai| yaha kisI nimitta se

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38 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM 1 pratibaMdhita nahIM hotI isalie pUrNa svatantra hotI hai / dravya meM bAhya nimittoM se asvAbhAvika kriyA bhI hotI hai / vaha aneka yogoM se niSpanna hone ke kAraNa yaugika hotI hai / yaugika kriyA meM kAla, svabhAva, niyati, bhAgya aura puruSArtha - ina sabakA yoga hotA hai- kisI kA kama kisI kA adhik| jisameM kAla, svabhAva, niyati yA bhAgya kA yoga adhika hotA hai usameM manuSya vicAra meM svatantra hote hue bhI kArya karane meM paratantra hotA hai / jisameM puruSArtha kA yoga adhika hotA hai usameM manuSya kAla Adi yogoM se paratantra hote hue bhI kArya karane meM svatantra hotA hai| isa prakAra manuSya kI kArya karane kI svatantratA sApekSa hI hotI hai; nirapekSa, nirantara aura nirbAdha nahIM hotI / yadi vaha nirapekSa hotI to manuSya isa saMsAra ko sudUra atIta meM hI apane icchAnusAra badala detA aura yadi vaha kArya karane meM svataMtra hotA hI nahIM to vaha saMsAra ko kucha bhI nahIM badala paataa| yaha saca hai ki usane saMsAra ko badalA hai aura yaha bhI saca hai ki vaha saMsAra ko apanI icchAnusAra eka cuTakI meM nahIM badala pAyA hai, dharatI para nirbAdha sukha-sRSTi nahIM kara pAyA hai| ina donoM vAstavikatAoM meM manuSya ke puruSArtha kI saphalatA aura viphalatA, kSamatA aura akSamatA ke spaSTa pratibimba haiM / 1 manuSya kI kAryajA zakti yadi kAla, svabhAva Adi meM se kisI eka hI tattva dvArA saMcAlita hotI to kAla, svabhAva Adi meM saMgharSa kI sthiti utpanna ho jAtI aura ve eka-dUsare ko samApta karane meM laga jAte, kintu jAgatika dravyoM aura niyamoM meM virodha aura avirodha kA sAmaMjasyapUrNa santulana hai / isalie ve kArya kI niSpatti meM apanA-apanA apekSita yoga dete haiM / sApekSavAda kI dRSTi se kisI bhI tattva ko prAthamikatA yA mukhyatA nahIM dI jA sakatI / apane-apane sthAna para saba prAthamika aura mukhya haiM / kAla kA kArya svabhAva nahIM kara sakatA aura svabhAva kA kArya kAla nahIM kara sakatA / bhAgya kA kArya puruSArtha nahIM kara sakatA aura puruSArtha kA kArya bhAgya nahIM kara sakatA / phira bhI kartRtva ke kSetra meM puruSArtha agraNI hai / puruSArtha se kAla ke yoga ko pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, kintu kAla kI avadhi meM parivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai / puruSArtha se bhAgya ke yoga ko pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, kintu bhAgya meM parivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai| ina satyoM ko itihAsa aura darzana kI kasauTI para kasA jA sakatA hai| jaise-jaise manuSya ke jJAna kA vikAsa hotA hai, vaise-vaise puruSArtha kI kSamatA bar3hatI hai / sabhyatA ke Adima yuga meM manuSya kA jJAna alpa vikasita thA / usake upakaraNa bhI avikasita the, phalataH puruSArtha kI kSamatA bhI kama thI / prastarayuga kI tulanA meM aNuyuga ke manuSya kA jJAna bahuta vikasita hai

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manuSya kI svatantratA kA mUlya usake upakaraNa zaktizAlI haiM aura puruSArtha kI kSamatA bahuta bar3hI hai| Adima yuga kA manuSya kevala prakRti para nirbhara thaa| varSA hotI to khetI ho jaatii| eka ekar3a bhUmi meM jitanA anAja utpanna hotA utanA ho jaataa| anAja ko pakAne meM jitanA samaya lagatA, utanA laga jAtA / Aja kA manuSya ina saba para nirbhara nahIM hai| usane siMcAI ke srotoM kA vikAsa kara varSA para nirbharatA ko kama kara diyaa| usane rAsAyanika khAda kA nirmANa kara anAja kI paidAvAra meM atyadhika vRddhi kara dI aura kRtrima upAyoM dvArA phasala ke pakane kI avadhi ko bhI kama karane kA prayatna kiyA hai / puruSArtha ke dvArA kAla kI avadhi aura svabhAva ke parivartana ke saikar3oM udAharaNa sabhyatA ke itihAsa meM khoje jA sakate haiM / kAla, svabhAva Adi ko jJAna kA varadahasta prApta nahIM hai, isalie ve puruSArtha ko kama prabhAvita karate haiN| puruSArtha ko jJAna kA varadahasta prApta haiM, isalie vaha kAla, svabhAva Adi ko adhika prabhAvita karatA hai| unako prabhAvita kara vartamAna ko atIta se bhinna rUpa meM prastuta kara detA hai| imAnyuela kAMTa (Immanuel Kant)ne vicAra kA pratipAdana kiyA hai ki manuSya apanI saMkalpa-zakti meM svatantra hai, isIlie karma karane aura zubha-azubha phala bhogane meM bhI svatantra hai| yadi vaha karma karane meM svatantra na ho to vaha karma karane aura usakA phala bhogane ke lie uttaradAyI nahIM hotaa| bhAratIya karmavAda kA yaha prasiddha sUtra hai ki acche karma kA acchA aura bure karma kA burA phala hotA hai| manuSya jaisA karma karatA hai, vaisA hI phala bhogatA hai / isa sUtra kI mImAMsA se yaha niSkarSa nikalatA hai ki manuSya nayA karma karane meM purAne karma se baMdhA huA hai| vaha karma karane aura usakA phala bhogane meM svatantra nahIM hai| yadi aisA hai to use kisI bhI acche yA bure karma ke lie uttaradAyI nahIM ThaharAyA jA sktaa| usakA vartamAna atIta se niyaMtrita hai| vartamAna kA apanA koI kartRtva nahIM hai| vaha atIta kI kaThaputalI mAtra hai| karmavAda ke isa sAmAnya sUtra ne bhAratIya mAnasa ko bahuta prabhAvita kiyaa| use bhAgyavAda ke sAMce meM DhAla diyaa| usake prabhAva ne puruSArtha kI kSamatA kSINa kara dii| mahAvIra ne puruSArtha ke siddhAMta kA pratipAdana kiyA / unakA puruSArthavAda bhAgyavAda ke virodha meM nahIM thA / bhAgya puruSArtha kI niSpatti hai| jo jisake dvArA niSpanna hotA hai, vaha usake dvArA parivartita bhI ho sakatA hai| mahAvIra ne karma ke udIraNa aura saMkramaNa ke siddhAMta kA pratipAdana kara bhAgyavAda kA bhAgya puruSArtha ke adhIna kara diyaa| karma ke udIraNa kA siddhAMta hai ki karma kI avadhi ko ghaTAyA-bar3hAyA jA

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM sakatA hai aura usakI phala dene kI zakti ko maMda aura tIvra kiyA jA sakatA hai| karma ke saMkramaNa kA siddhAMta hai ki asat prayatna kI utkaTatA ke dvArA puNya ko pApa meM badalA jA sakatA hai aura sat prayatna kI tIvratA ke dvArA pApa ko puNya meM badalA jA sakatA hai| manuSya jaisA karma karatA hai, vaisA phala bhogatA hai-karmavAda ke isa ekAdhikAra ko yadi udIraNa aura saMkramaNa kA siddhAMta sImita nahIM karatA to manuSya bhAgya ke hAtha kA khilaunA hotaa| usakI svatantratA samApta ho jaatii| phira Izvara kI adhInatA aura karma kI adhInatA meM koI aMtara nahIM hotaa| kintu udIraNa aura saMkramaNa ke siddhAMta ne manuSya ko bhAgya ke ekAdhikAra se mukta kara svatantratA ke dIvaTa para puruSArtha ke pradIpa ko prajjvalita kara diyaa| ___ niyati ko hama sImita artha meM svIkAra kara puruSArtha para pratibandha kA anubhava karate haiM / puruSArtha para niyati kA pratibandha hai, kintu itanA nahIM hai, jisase ki puruSArtha kI upayogitA samApta ho jaae| yadi hama niyati ko jAgatika niyama (Universal Law) ke rUpa meM svIkAra kareM to puruSArtha bhI eka jAgatika niyama hai| isalie niyati usakA sImA-bodha karA sakatI hai kinta usake svarUpa ko vilapta nahIM kara sktii| viliyama jemsa ne likhA hai-'saMsAra meM saba kucha pahale se hI nirdhArita ho to manuSya kA puruSArtha vyartha hai, kyoMki pUrva-nirdhArita anyathA nahIM ho sktaa|' yadi saMsAra meM acchA aura burA karane kI svatantratA na ho to pazcAtApa karane kA kyA aucitya hai ? kintu jahAM saba kucha pahale se nirdhArita ho to vahAM pazcAtApa karane se rokA bhI nahIM jA sktaa| jaba taka hama manuSya kI svatantratA svIkAra nahIM kareMge, taba taka hama use kisI kArya ke lie uttaradAyI nahIM ThaharA sakate / anekAMta dRSTi hameM isa vAstavikatA para pahuMcA detI hai ki isa vizva meM niyata vahIM hai jo zAzvata hai / jo azAzvata hai, vaha niyata nahIM ho sakatA / astitva zAzvata hai| koI bhI puruSArtha use anastitva meM nahIM badala sakatA / jo yaugika hai, vaha azAzvata hai, vaha pUrva-nirdhArita nahIM ho sktaa| use badalane meM hI svatantratA aura puruSArtha kI arthavattA hai| puruSArtha ke dvArA bhAgya ko badalA jA sakatA hai, saMsAra ko acchA yA burA kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha puruSArtha kI sImA kA kArya hai| aisA karane meM niyati usakA sAtha detI hai| astitva ko banAyA-bigAr3A nahIM jA sktaa| vaha puruSArtha kI sImA se pare hai| niyati aura puruSArtha kI isa sImA kA bodha hone para una donoM meM virodha kA anubhava nahIM hotA, sApekSatApUrNa sAmaMjasya kA hI anubhava hotA hai| kriyA cetana aura acetana-donoM kA maulika guNa hai| acetana kI kriyA

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manuSya ko svatantratA kA mUlya svAbhAvika yA para-prerita hotI hai / cetana meM svAbhAvika kriyA ke sAtha-sAtha svatantra kriyA bhI hotI hai| yaMtra kI gati nirdhArita mArga para hotI hai| usameM icchA aura saMkalpa kI zakti nahIM hotI, isalie usakI gati svatantra nahIM hotii| manuSya cetana hai| usameM icchA, saMkalpa aura vicAra kI zakti hai, isalie vaha svataMtra kriyA karatA hai| DaMsa skATsa ne bhI isI AdhAra para manuSya kI svataMtratA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| unhoMne likhA hai-'hamArI svataMtratA hamAre saMkalpoM ke kAraNa hai| vyakti dharma ke mArga ko jAnate hae bhI adharma ke patha para cala sakatA hai, yahI usakI svataMtratA hai|' pragati kA pahalA caraNa hai saMkalpa aura dUsarA caraNa hai prayatna / ye donoM manuSya meM sarvAdhika vikasita hote haiN| isalie hamAre saMsAra kI pragati kA mukhya sUtrakAra manuSya hI hai / usane AMtarika jagat meM sukha-duHkha, siddhAMta, kalpanA, tarka aura bhAvanA kI sRSTi kI hai| usane bAhya jagat meM AvazyakatA, sukha-suvidhA aura vilAsitA ke upakaraNoM kI saSTi kI hai| yuddha aura zAMti kA sRjana manuSya ne hI kiyA hai| DArvina ne yaha sthApanA kI-saMgharSa prakRti kA eka niyama hai / vaha zAzvata aura sArvatrika hai| vaha jIvana-saMgrAma kA mUla hetu hai / isa sthApanA kA svara bhAratIya cintana meM bhI 'jIvo jIvasya jIvanam' ke rUpa meM milatA hai| DArvina ne jagat ko saMgharSa ke dRSTikoNa se dekhaa| isameM bhI satyAMza hai| kintu yaha pUrNa satya nahIM hai| mahAvIra ne jagat ko bhinna dRSTikoNa se dekhA thaa| unhoMne isa siddhAMta kI sthApanA kI ki jIva-jagat pArasparika sahayoga ke AdhAra para TikA huA hai| manuSya meM yadi saMgharSa kA bIja hai to usameM sahayoga kA bIja kyoM nahIM ho sakatA? yadi vaha saMgha, karane meM svatantra hai to vaha sahayoga karane meM svatantra kyoM nahIM ho sakatA? mahAvIra ke siddhAMta kA sAra hai ki manuSya saMgharSa aura sahayoga-donoM ke lie svatantra hai kintu jIvana meM zAMti kI pratiSThA ke lie vaha apanI svatantratA ko saMgharSa kI dizA se haTAkara sahayoga kI dizA meM mor3a de| hamAre jIvana meM saMgharSa ke kSaNa bahuta kama hote haiM, sahayoga ke kSaNa bahuta adhik| _mahAvIra ne manuSya kI svataMtratA ko kuMThita nahIM kiyaa| unhoMne usake dizA-parivartana kA sUtra diyaa| vaha sUtra hai-'manuSya apanI svatantratA kA upayoga zreya kI dizA meM kare, hara burAI ko acchAI meM badala ddaale|'

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6 karmavAda karmavAda kI pRSThabhUmi kucha prANI saMvedana karate haiM, jAnate nahIM / kucha prANI jAnate haiM, saMvedana nahIM karate / kucha prANI jAnate bhI haiM aura saMvedana bhI karate haiN| acetana na jAnatA hai aura na saMvedana karatA hai| ye cAra vikalpa haiM 1 pahale vikalpa meM saMvedana hai, jJAna nahIM / yaha cetanA kA nimna stara hai / yaha vRtti kA stara haiM / isake AdhAra para jIvana jIyA jA sakatA hai, para caitanya kA vikAsa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / dUsarA vikalpa zuddha jJAna kA hai| isameM saMvedana nahIM hai, korA jJAna hai| saMvedana kA mAdhyama zarIra hai| mukta AtmA meM zarIra nahIM hotaa| jisake zarIra nahIM hotA, vaha priya aura apriya - donoM kA sparza nahIM karate / tIsare vikalpa meM jJAna aura saMvedana- donoM haiM / yaha mAnasika aura bauddhika vikAsa kA stara hai / isa stara meM caitanya ke vikAsa kI paryApta sambhAvanA hotI hai / jaise-jaise hamArA jJAna vikasita hotA calA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise hama saMvedana ke dharAtala se uThakara jJAna kI bhUmikA ko vikasita karate cale jAte haiN| jaise-jaise hamArI jJAna kI bhUmikA vikasita hotI hai, vaise-vaise hama AtmA ke astitva meM praveza pAte haiM / hama apane astitva meM taba taka praveza nahIM pAte, jaba taka saMvedana kA dharAtala nIce nahIM raha jAtA / AcArya amitagati ke zabdoM meM ajJAnI saMvedana ke dharAtala para jItA hai aura jJAnI jJAna ke dharAtala para / manuSya do dharAtala para jIte haiM / jJAnI manuSya jAnate haiM kintu saMvedana nahIM krte| jo ghaTanA ghaTita hotI hai, use jAnate-dekhate haiM kintu usakA saMvedana nahIM karate, bhAra nahIM Dhote / ajJAnI manuSya jAnate nahIM, saMvedana karate haiM / ve sthiti kA bhAra Dhote haiM / vedAMta kA sAdhanA- sUtra hai ki sAdhaka draSTA hokara jIye / vaha ghaTanA ke prati sAkSI rahe, use dekhe, kintu usase prabhAvita na ho, usameM lipta na ho / 1 jJAna honA aura saMvedana na honA- -yaha draSTA kA jIvana hai / mere hAtha meM kapar3A

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karmavAda hai| maiM isa kapar3e ko jAnatA hUM, dekhatA huuN| maiM isa kapar3e ko kapar3A mAnatA huuN| isase adhika kucha nahIM maantaa| yaha jJAna kA jIvana hai, yaha Atma-darzana hai| prazna ho sakatA hai--'yaha Atma-darzana kaise? yaha to vastra-darzana hai| vastra-darzana ko hama Ama-darzana kaise mAna sakate haiM?' isakA uttara bahuta sApha hai / maiM vastra ko jAnatA huuN| maiM kevala jAnatA hUM, usake sAtha koI saMvedanAtmaka saMbandha sthApita nahIM krtaa| isakA artha hai maiM jJAna ko jAnatA hUM aura jJAna ko jAnane kA artha hai maiM apane Apako jAnatA hUM / jJAna aura jJAnI sarvathA abhinna nahIM hai aura sarvathA bhinna bhI nahIM hai / bahuta sAre loga Atma-darzana karanA cAhate haiM / Atma-darzana kA upAya bahuta jaTila mAnA jAtA hai / maiM Apako bahuta sarala upAya batA rahA huuN| Apa isa vastra ko dekheN| yaha ApakA Atma-darzana hai| Apa vastra ko dekha rahe haiM, taba kevala vastra ko nahIM dekha rahe haiN| jisase vastra ko dekha rahe haiM, use bhI dekha rahe haiM, apane jJAna ko bhI dekha rahe haiN| jahAM kevala jJAna kA prayoga hotA hai, vahAM apane astitva kA anubhava hotA hai| apane astitva kA artha hai-kevala jJAna kA anubhv| jJAna meM kisI dUsarI bhAvanA kA mizraNa huA ki vaha saMvedana bana gyaa| jJAna kA dharAtala chUTa gyaa| kevala jJAna kA anubhava karanA apane astitva kA anubhava karanA hai| apanA astitva usase pRthak nahIM hai / maiM jJAna kA anubhava kara rahA hUM, isakA artha hai ki jahAM se jJAna kI razmiyAM A rahI haiM usa Atma-sattA kA anubhava kara rahA huuN| kyoMki AtmA aura jJAna bhinna nahIM haiN| kevala jJAna kA prayoga karane kA artha hai-apane Apako jAnanA aura apane Apako jAnane kA artha hai-kevala jJAna kA prayoga krnaa| isa artha meM kevala jJAna kA prayoga aura Atma-darzana eka hI bAta hai| jJAna kI nirmaladhArA meM jaba rAga aura dveSa kA kIcar3a milatA hai, ahaM aura moha kI kaluSatA milatI hai, taba vaha kevala jJAna yA zuddha jJAna kI dhArA saMvedana kI dhArA bana jAtI hai| isa dhArA meM na zuddha caitanya kA anubhava hotA hai aura na Atma-darzana hotA hai| jJAna aura saMvedana-yaha karmavAda kI pRSThabhUmi hai| avibhakta baMgAla meM caubIsa paraganA jilA thaa| usa jile meM eka gAMva hai kolhU / vahAM eka vyakti rahatA thaa| usakA nAma thA bhUpeza sena / vaha baMgAlI gRhastha thaa| bahuta bar3A bhakta thA / itanA bar3A bhakta ki jaba vaha bhakti meM baiThatA taba tanmaya ho jaataa| bAharI duniyA se usakA sambandha TUTa jAtA / eka dina vaha bhakti meM baiThA aura tanmaya ho gyaa| bAhara kA bhAna samApta ho gyaa| antar meM pUrA jAgRta kintu

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM bAhara se supta / eka vyakti AyA aura cillAyA- 'bhUpeza ! kyA kara rahe ho ? uTho aura saMbhalo / ' vaha bahuta jora se cillAyA / kintu bhUpeza ko koI patA nahIM claa| usane bhUpeza kA hAtha pakar3a jhakajhorA, taba bhUpeza ne AMkheM kholI aura kahA - 'kahie, kyA bAta hai ? ' Agantuka bolA- 'mujhe pUchate ho kyA bAta hai ? yahAM AMkha mUMde baiThe ho| tumheM patA nahIM, tumhAre ikalaute beTe ko sAMpa kATa gayA aura vaha tatkAla hI mara gayA / ' bhUpeza ne kahA- 'jo honA thA so huA / ' Agantuka bolA- 'are ! tuma kaise pitA ho ? maiMne to duHkha kA saMvAda sunAyA aura tuma vaise hI baiThe ho ? lagatA hai ki putra se tumheM pyAra nahIM hai| tumheM zoka kyoM nahIM huA ? tumheM ciMtA kyoM nahIM huI? tumheM duHkha kyoM nahIM huA ? tumhArI AMkhoM se do AMsU kyoM nahIM chalaka par3e ?' bhUpeza ne kahA- 'jisa dina beTA AyA thA to mujhe pUchakara nahIM AyA thA aura Aja vaha lauTa gayA to mujhe pUcha kara nahIM lauttaa| usa dina maiMne kucha nahIM kiyA thA, Aja bhI mujhe kucha nahIM karanA hai| yaha janma aura maraNa kI anivArya zrRMkhalA hai, jisameM merA hAtha nahIM hai / manuSya AtA hai, calA jAtA hai| tumheM itanI kyA cintA hai ?' Agantuka cupa ho gayA / usake pAsa bolane ke lie kucha nahIM bacA / kucha kSaNa rukakara vaha bolA 'aba usakI citA jalAnI hai, sAtha clo|' bhUpeza usake sAtha gayA / putra kI arthI zmazAna meM pahuMcI / citA meM putra ko sulA, Aga lagAkara kahA - 'beTe, tuma jisa ghara se Ae the, usI ghara meM jA rahe ho / Aja se hamArA sambandha vicchinna ho gayA hai|' yaha ghaTanA kA kevala jJAna hai| isake sAtha saMvedana kA koI tAra jur3A huA nahIM hai| jo ghaTita huA, use usI rUpa meM svIkAra kiyA gayA hai / manuSya jaba isa sthiti meM pahuMca jAtA hai, taba jJAnI kI bhUmikA prazasta ho jAtI hai / bhagavAn mahAvIra kI vANI meM isI kA nAma saMvara hai| jahAM kevala jJAna rahatA hai, kevala AtmA kI anubhUti rahatI hai, vahAM vijAtIya tattva kA AkarSaNa banda ho jAtA hai / karma kA vartula 44 AtmA kI do sthitiyAM haiM - eka asvIkAra kI aura dUsarI svIkAra kI / kevala jJAna kA anubhava honA asvIkAra kI sthiti hai| jJAna AtmA kA svabhAva hai / svabhAva kI avasthA meM vijAtIya tattva kA koI praveza, saMkramaNa yA prabhAva nahIM hotA / saMvedana svIkAra kI sthiti hai| saMvedana ke dvArA hamArA bAhya jagat ke sAtha samparka hotA hai / hama bAhara se kucha lete haiM aura use apane sAtha jor3ate haiN| jor3ane kI bhAvadhArA kA nAma 'Azrava' aura vijAtIya tattva ke jur3ane kA nAma 'bandha' hai / AtmA

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karmavAda 1 ke sAtha jur3A huA vijAtIya tattva, paripakva hokara apanA prabhAva DAlatA hai, taba usakA nAma 'karma ho jAtA hai| vaha apanA prabhAva dikhAkara visarjita ho jAtA hai koI bhI vijAtIya tattva AtmA ke sAtha nirantara cipakA nahIM raha sakatA / yA to vaha avadhi kA paripAka hone para apanA prabhAva dikhalAkara svayaM calA jAtA hai yA prayatna ke dvArA use vilaga kara diyA jAtA hai / yaha vilaga karane kA prayatna 'nirjarA' hai tapasyA se karma nijIrNa hote haiM, isalie usakA (tapasyA kA nAma nirjarA hai / nirjarA kA caramabindu mokSa hai / mokSa kA artha hai- kevala AtmA / AtmA aura pudgala kA jo yoga hai, vaha bandhana hai, saMsAra hai| kevala AtmA ke astitva kA honA, pudgala kA yoga na honA hI mokSa hai / isakI anubhUti dharma ke hara kSaNa meM kI jA sakatI hai / I / 1 I Azrava aura saMvara, bandha aura nirjarA - ina cAra tattvoM ko samajhane para hI karma kI vAstavikatA ko samajhA jA sakatA hai / kevala caitanya kA anubhava honA saMvara hai / caitanya ke sAtha rAga-dveSa kA mizraNa honA Azrava hai| isake dvArA karma paramANu AkarSita hote haiM / ve caitanya ko AvRta karate haiM, jJAna aura darzana kI kSamatA para AvaraNa DAlate haiM / ve AtmA ke sahaja AnaMda ko vikRta kara, usake dRSTikoNa aura caritra meM vikAra utpanna karate haiM / ve AtmA kI zakti ko skhalita karate haiM / kucha karma-paramANu zarIra-nirmANa aura paugalika upalabdhi ke hetu haiM / isa prakAra Azrava bandha kA nirmANa karatA hai aura bandha puNya-karma aura pApa karma ke dvArA AtmA ko prabhAvita karatA hai / AtmA kevalajJAna ke anubhava kI avasthA ko prApta nahIM hotA taba taka vaha vartula calatA hI rahatA hai / jIva meM bhI anaMta zakti hai aura pudgala meM bhI ananta zakti hai / jIva meM do prakAra kI zakti hotI hai 1. labdhivIrya yogyatArUpa zakti / 2. karaNavIrya - kriyAtmaka zakti / gautama ne bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA- bhaMte! jIva kAMkSA- mohanIya karma kA bandha karatA hai ?' bhagavAn -- ' karatA hai / ' 'bhaMte kaise ?' 'pramAda se / ' 'bhaMte! pramAda kisase hotA hai ? ' 'yoga (mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti) se / ' 45

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46 'bhaMte! yoga kisase hotA hai ? ' 'vIrya (prANa) se / ' 'bhaMte ! vIrya kisase hotA hai ? ' 'zarIra se / ' 'bhaMte! zarIra kisase hotA hai ? ' satya kI khoja : anekAza ke Aloka meM 'karma - zarIra se / ' 'bhaMte! karma-zarIra kisase hotA hai ?" 'jIva se / ' Apa ulTe calie / jIva se zarIra, zarIra se kriyAtmaka zakti, kriyAtmaka zakti se yoga, yoga se pramAda aura pramAda se karma-bandha yaha eka vartula hai / bhASA karma kI kartA AtmA hai yA karma ? isa prazna para do abhimata haiM / sUtrakAra kI meM karma kI kartA AtmA hai / AcArya kundakunda kI bhASA meM karma kA karttA karma hai / ye donoM sApekSa dRSTikoNa haiN| inameM tAtparya- bheda nahIM hai| mUla AtmA (cinmaya astitva) aura AtmaparyAya (mUla AtmA ke nimitta se niSpanna avasthAeM ) --- ye do vastueM haiN| inheM hama abheda aura bheda -- donoM dRSTiyoM se dekhate haiM / jaba hama abheda kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM to kahA jAtA hai-- AtmA karma kI karttA hai / aura jaba hama bheda kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM taba kahate haiM-- karma karma kA kartA hai| karma kA kartA kaSAya- AtmA hai / vaha mUla AtmA kA eka paryAya hai / yadi mUla AtmA karma kI karttA ho to vaha kabhI bhI karma kA akarttA nahIM ho sakatI / usakA svabhAva caitanya hai, isalie vaha caitanya kI hI kartA ho sakatI hai| karma paugalika hai, acetana hai / vaha usakI karttA nahIM ho sktii| mUla AtmA ke Ayatana meM kaSAya- AtmA (rAga aura dveSa) kA valaya hai| usase karma - pudgaloM kA AkarSaNa hotA hai| ve kaSAya ko puSTa karate haiM / isa prakAra kaSAya se karma aura karma se kaSAya calatA rahatA hai / mithyA dRSTikoNa, AkAMkSA aura Atma-vismRti -- ye tInoM Atma-paryAya bhI karma ke kartA haiM / kintu vAstava meM ye saba karma ke upajIvI haiN| mAnasika, vAcika aura kAyika pravRtti bhI karma kI kartA hai| kiMtu usameM karma - pudgaloM ko bAMdhakara rakhane kI kSamatA nahIM hai / kaSAya ke kSINa ho jAne para kevala pravRtti ke dvArA jo karma- pudgala kA pravAha AtA hai, vaha pahale kSaNa meM karma-zarIra se jur3atA hai, dUsare kSaNa meM mukta hokara tIsare kSaNa meM nirjIva ho jAtA hai / ThIka isI taraha jaise sUkhI reta bhIMta para DAlI gaI, bhIMta kA sparza kiyA aura nIce gira gaI /

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karmavAda 47 karma kI tIna avasthAeM hotI hai-spRSTa, baddha aura baddha-spRSTa ! kaSAya kA valaya TUTa jAtA hai taba korI pravRtti se karma AtmA se spaSTa hote haiN| karma dIrghakAlIna yA pragAr3ha baMdha kaSAya ke hone para hI hotA hai / hamArI bahuta sArI anubhUtiyAM kaSAya-cetanA kI anubhUtiyAM haiN| Aveza, ahaMkAra, pravaMcanA, lAlasA-ye saba kaSAya kI UrmiyoM haiM / bhaya, zoka, ghRNA, vAsanA--ye saba kaSAya kI upajIvI UrmiyAM haiN| ina UrmiyoM kI anubhUti ke kSaNa kSubdha aura uttejanApUrNa hote haiN| jisa kSaNa hama kevala cetanA kI anubhUti karate haiM, vaha zAMta-kaSAya kA kSaNa hotA hai| jina kSaNoM meM hama saMvedana karate haiM, unameM pratyakSata: yA parokSata: cetanA kaSAya-mizrita hotI hai| santa rabiyA ke ghara eka phakIra aayaa| usane meja ke pAsa par3I pustaka ko dekhaa| usake panne ulaTane zurU kie| eka panne para likhA thA-'zetAna se napharata karo' rabiyA ne use kATa diyaa| phakIra bolA- 'yaha kyA? isa pavitra pustaka kA vAkya kisane kATA ?' saMta rabiyA ne kahA-'yaha maine kATA hai|' phakIra ne pUchA'kyoM?' rabiyA ne kahA-'acchA nahIM lgaa|' 'yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ki pavitra pustaka kI bAta acchI na lage? kyA yaha sahI nahIM hai ?' phakIra ne pUchA / saMta rabiyA ne kahA-'eka dina mujhe bhI sahI lagatA thA, kintu Aja lagatA hai ki sahI nahIM hai|' vaha kaise? phakIra ne pchaa|| saMta rabiyA ne kahA- 'jaba taka merA prema jAgRta nahIM thA, merI prema kI AMkha khulI nahIM thI, mujhe bhI lagatA thA ki zaitAna se napharata karo, pyAra nahIM-yaha vAkya bahuta rahI hai| kintu aba maiM kyA karUM? merI prema kI AMkha khula gaI hai| aba ghRNA karane ke lie mere pAsa kucha bhI nahIM bacA hai| maiM ghRNA kara hI nahIM sktaa| prema kI AMkha yaha bheda karanA nahIM jAnatI ki isake sAtha prema karo aura isake sAtha ghRnnaa|' __ hama jaba kaSAya-cetanA meM hote haiM taba kisI ko priya mAnate haiM aura kisI ko apriya / kisI ko anukUla mAnate haiM aura kisI ko pratikUla / hamArI kaSAya-cetanA zAnta hotI hai, taba ye saba vikalpa samApta ho jAte haiN| phira korA jJAna hI hamAre sAmane rahatA hai| usameM na koI priya hotA hai aura na koI apriya / na koI iSTa hotA hai aura na koI aniSTa / na koI anukUla hotA hai aura na koI pratikUla / isa sthiti meM karma kA bandha nahIM hotaa|

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48 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM kaSAya cetanA kA pahalA prahAra taba hotA hai, jaba bheda jJAna kA viveka jAgRta hotA hai / AtmA bhinna hai aura zarIra bhinna hai - yaha viveka jaba apane valaya kA nirmANa karatA hai taba karma - zarIra se lekara kaSAya taka ke sAre valaya TUTane laga jAte haiN| AcArya amRtacandra ne bahuta hI satya kahA hai - bhedavijJAnataH siddhAH siddhA ye kila kecana / tasyaivAbhAvato baddhAH baddhA ye kila kecana / / - isa saMsAra meM ve hI loga karma se baddha haiM, jinameM bheda - vijJAna kA abhAva / AtmA kI upalabdhi unhIM vyaktiyoM ko huI hai jinakA bheda - vijJAna siddha ho gayA, acetana se cetana kI sattA anubhava meM A gaI / aisA hote hI karma kA mUla hila uThatA hai| jisane acetana aura cetana kA bheda samajha liyA usane karma aura kaSAya ko AtmA se bhinna samajha liyA / samajha karma ke mUla srota para prahAra karatI hai / jisa kaSAya se karma A rahe haiM, usake mUla para kuThArAghAta karatI hai / karma-bandhana ko tor3ane kA mUla - hetu bheda kA vijJAna hai, to karma-baMdha kA mUla - hetu bheda kA avijJAna hai / AcArya amRtacandra kI bhASA ko ulaTakara kahA jA sakatA hai-- bhedAvijJAnato baddhAH baddhA ye kila kecana 1 tasyaivAbhAvataH siddhAH siddhA ye kila kecana / isa saMsAra meM ve hI loga karma se baddha haiM jinameM bheda - vijJAna kA abhAva hai / AtmA kI upalabdhi unhIM vyaktiyoM ko huI hai jinakA bheda-vijJAna siddha ho gayA, acetana se cetana kI sattA anubhava meM A gaI / mUla AtmA aura usake paripArzva meM hone vAle valayoM kA bheda - jJAna jaise-jaise spaSTa hotA calA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise karma-bandhana zithila hotA calA jAtA hai / jinheM bheda-jJAna nahIM hotA, mUla cetanA aura cetanA valayoM kI ekatA kI anubhUti hotI hai, usakA baMdhana tIvra hotA calA jAtA hai| karma pudgala hai aura vaha acetana hai / acetana cetana ke sAtha ekarasa nahIM ho sakatA / hamArI kaSAya- AtmA hI karma-zarIra ke mAdhyama se use ekarasa karatI hai| mukta AtmA ke sAtha-sAtha pudgala ekarasa nahIM hotA, kyoMki usameM kevala zuddha caitanya kI anubhUti hotI hai| zuddha caitanya kI anubhUti kA kSaNa

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karmavAda karma-zarIra kI vidyamAnatA meM 'saMvara'-karma-pudgaloM ke saMbaMdha ko rokane vAlA aura usake (karma-zarIra ke ) abhAva meM AtmA kA svarUpa hotA hai / kaSAya-mizrita caitanya kI anubhUti kA kSaNa Azrava hai| vaha karma pudgaloM ko AkarSita karatA hai| yahAM jAtIyasUtra kArya karatA hai| sajAtIya sajAtIya ko khIMcatA hai| kaSAya-cetanA kI pariNatiyAM pudgala-mizrita haiN| pudgala pudgala ko TAnatA hai / yaha tathya hamArI samajha meM A jAe to hamArI Atma-sAdhanA kI bhUmikA bahuta sazakta ho jAtI hai / hama adhika se adhika zuddha caitanya ke kSaNoM meM rahane kA abhyAsa kareM jahAM korA jJAna ho, saMvedana na ho / yaha sAdhanA kI sarvocca bhUmikA hai| isalie jaina AcAryoM ne dhyAna ke lie 'zuddha upayoga' zabda kA prayoga kiyA hai / 'zuddha upayoga' arthAt kevala caitanya kI anubhUti / sAdhanA ke abhAva meM karma kA pragAr3ha bandha hotA hai aura sAdhanA ke dvArA unakI granthi kA bhedana hotA hai / isa dRSTi se kahA jA sakatA hai ki sAdhanA ke rahasya ko samajhe binA karma ke rahasya ko nahIM samajhA jA sakatA aura karma ke rahasya ko samajhe binA sAdhanA ke rahasya ko nahIM samajhA jA sktaa| hama karma-pudgaloM kI jina dhArAoM ko grahaNa karate haiM, unheM apanI kriyAtmaka zakti ke dvArA hI grahaNa karate haiN| usa samaya hamArI cetanA kI pariNati bhI usake anukUla hotI hai| Antarika aura bAhya pariNatiyoM meM sAmaMjasya hue binA donoM meM sambandha sthApita nahIM ho sktaa| jaina darzana ne karmavAda kI jo mImAMsA kI hai, usakA manovaijJAnika adhyayana abhI nahIM huA hai| yadi vaha ho to manovijJAna aura yoga ke nae unmeSa hamAre sAmane A sakate haiM tathA jaina sAdhanA-paddhati kA nayA rUpa bhI prastuta ho sakatA hai / hama jaisI bhAvanA karate haiM, vaisI hI hamArI pariNati hotI hai| jaisI pariNati hotI hai, vaise hI pagaloM ko hama grahaNa karate haiN| una pagaloM kA apane Apa meM paripAka hotA hai| paripAka ke bAda unakI jo pariNati hotI hai, vahI hamArI Antarika pariNati ho jAtI hai| yaha eka zrRMkhalA hai / eka vyakti ne jJAna ke prati avahelanA kA bhAva pradarzita kiyA, jJAna kI nindA kI; jJAnI kI nindA kI, usa samaya usakI pariNati jJAna-vimukha ho gii| usa pariNati-kAla meM vaha karma-pudgaloM ko grahaNa karatA hai| ve karma-pudgala AtmA kI sArI zaktiyoM ko prabhAvita karate haiN| kintu jJAna-virodhI pariNati meM gRhIta pudgala mukhyatayA jJAna ko AvRta kreNge| unakA paripAka jJAnAvaraNa ke rUpa meM hogaa| isa prakAra hama sAre karmoM kI mImAMsA karate caleM / jisakI cetanA kI pariNati yadi Thagane kI hotI hai to usa samaya grahaNa kie jAne vAle karma-pudgala anubhava dazA meM usake caritra ko vikRta banAte haiN| usakI pariNati yadi dUsare ko kaSTa dene kI

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM hotI hai to usa samaya grahaNa kiye jAne vAle karma-pudgala anubhava dazA meM usake caritra ko vikRta banAte haiM / usakI pariNati yadi dUsare ko kaSTa dene kI hotI hai to usa samaya grahaNa kiye jAne vAle karma-pudgala anubhava dazA meM usake sukha meM bAdhA DAlate haiM / yaha pariNati kA siddhAnta hai / hama kisa rUpa meM pariNata hote haiM, kisa prakAra kI kriyAtmaka zakti ke dvArA pudgala - dhArA ko svIkAra karate haiM, isakA jJAna honA atyanta Avazyaka hai / isake AdhAra para hI vaha jIvana kI saphalatA kA nirdhAraNa kara sakatA hai, jIvana-saMgharSa meM Ane vAlI bAdhAoM ko pAra kara sakatA hai / 50 jisa vyakti ko yaha lage ki mujhe jJAnAvaraNa adhika satA rahA hai, use jJAnAvaraNa ko kSINa karane kI sAdhanA kA mArga cunanA caahie| kisI ko moha adhika satAtA hai, kisI kI kSamatAoM kA avarodha paidA hotA hai-ye bhinna-bhinna samasyAeM haiM / sAdhanA ke dvArA isakA samAdhAna pAyA jA sakatA hai| krodha para coTa karanI ho to dUsare prakAra kI sAdhanA karanI hogii| aura yadi mana para coTa karanI ho to dUsare prakAra kI sAdhanA karanI hogii| jisa samasyA se jUjhanA hai, usI ke mUla para prahAra karane vAlI sAdhanA cunanI hogii| yaha bahuta sUkSma paddhati haiN| rahasya hamArI samajha meM A jAe to jIvana kI samasyAoM ko sulajhAne meM hama bahuta saphala ho sakate haiM /

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AtmA aura paramAtmA 'saMpikkhae appagamappaeNaM' - AtmA se AtmA ko dekho, paramAtmA bana jAoge / ma rAjarSi pravrajita ho rahe the| eka bUr3hA brAhmaNa Akara bolA- 'rAjarSi ! tuma pravrajita ho rahe ho, rAjya ko chor3a saMnyAsI bana rahe ho ? kyA dekha nahIM rahe ho ki hamArI mithilA, tumhArA antaHpura, tumhArA rAjabhavana ye sAre ke sAre dhAMya dhAMya jala rahe haiN| inako Aga lagI hai| jarA AMkha uThAkara dekho to sahI ki yaha kyA ho rahA hai ?' 7 rAjarSi ne zAntabhAva se kahA- 'brAhmaNa ! maiM dekha rahA hUM / merI mithilA nahIM jala rahI hai| merI antaHpura aura merA rAjabhavana bhI nahIM jala rahA hai| maiM jahAM hUM vahAM kucha bhI nahIM jala rahA hai| jahAM koI Aga nahIM haiM, koI cinagArI nahIM hai aura koI cinagArI DAlane vAlA bhI nahIM hai, jahAM koI jalane vAlA bhI nahIM hai aura jalAne vAlA bhI nahIM hai, maiM vahAM huuN| maiM sukha se jI rahA hUM, sukha se raha rahA hUM / merI rAjadhAnI jala nahIM sktii| merA prAsAda jala nahIM sktaa| merI sampadA ko koI nahIM jA sakatA | mithilA jala rahI hai, jale usameM merA kyA ?' rAjarSi ke uttara ne brAhmaNa ko vismaya meM DAla diyA / mithilA jala rahI thI yA nahIM jala rahI thI, yaha koI mahattva kI bAta nahIM thI aura vaha sacamuca nahIM jala rahI thI / yaha eka kasauTI thI / kasauTI karane vAlA thA brAhmaNa aura vaha kasauTI kara rahA thA usa rAjarSi kI jo ghara chor3akara jA rahA thaa| saba kucha chor3a rahA thA / brAhmaNa jAnanA cAhatA thA ki rAjarSi vAstava meM saba kucha chor3a kara jA rahA hai yA bhAvAveza meM chor3ane kA bahAnA kara rahA hai / bahuta bAra aisA hotA hai ki hama chor3ane kA bahAnA karate haiM aura chUTatA kucha bhI nahIM / smRti kA bhAra aura adhika sira para lada jAtA hai / chor3ane kI smRti satAne lagatI hai / to kyA nami rAjarSi sacamuca chor3akara calA jA rahA hai yA smRti kA bhAra Dhone jA rahA hai ? vAsanA nahIM chUTatI, ahaM nahIM chUTatA to chor3ane kA bahAnA mAtra hotA hai, vAstava meM kucha bhI nahIM chUTatA / kintu rAjarSi sacamuca chor3akara cale jA rahe the| ve apanI cetanA meM lIna ho gaye the /

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM unhoMne saMkalanAtmaka mana kA virsajana kara diyA thaa| ve cetanA se bAhara kisI padArtha para dhyAna de sakeM, vaisA mana usake pAsa nahIM rahatA thA / hama soca sakate haiM ki mithilA jala rahI ho aura rAjarSi use AMkha uThAkara dekhane ke lie bhI taiyAra na hoM, yaha avyAvahArika bAta hai / vyavahAra una logoM ke lie hai jo vyavahAra ke dharAtala para jIte haiM / cetanA ke dharAtala para jIne vAle loga usakI gaharAI ko dekhate haiM aura usI ke AdhAra para apanA nirNaya lete haiM / vyavahAra ke nirNaya unheM mAnya nahIM hote / vyavahAra para jIne vAle logoM ko cetanA kI gaharAI para hone vAle nirNaya mAnya nahIM . hote| donoM kI mAnyatAeM bhinna hotI haiN| isameM koI saMdeha nahIM ki cetanA kI gaharAI meM jAne para jalane kI bAta samApta ho jAtI hai / samasyA hai cetanA kI gaharAI meM jAne kI / jo cetanA kI gaharAI meM calA jAtA hai vaha sacamuca paramAtmA bana jAtA I 52 cetanA ke do chora haiM-- eka AtmA aura dUsarA paramAtmA / eka bIja aura dUsarA vistAra | Apane dekhA hogA ki baragada kA bIja kitanA choTA hotA hai aura Apane baragada ke vistAra ko bhI dekhA hogA, vaha kitanA bar3A hotA hai| nanhA sA bIja utanA phaila jAtA hai, usakI kalpanA honA bhI kaThina hai / AtmA baragada kA bIja hai aura paramAtmA usakA vikAsa / AtmA kA lakSya hai paramAtmA honA / yaha lakSya Aropita nahIM hai, kintu sahaja hai / usakI siddhi meM bahuta vighna hai / isalie yaha dUrI eka sAtha hI nahIM paTa jAtI / usake lie AtmA ko eka lambI yAtrA karanI hotI hai / isa yAtrA ke pahale caraNa meM apane astitva kA bodha hotA hai / AtmA kyA hai ? vaha kahAM se AI hai ? vaha kaise utpanna huI hai ? ye ulajhate hue prazna haiM / ye sudUra atIta meM le jAte haiM--- itane sudUra atIta meM ki usakA Adi-bindu khojanA kaThina hai / AtmAoM kA eka akSaya koSa hai jisameM se ve nikalatI rahatI haiM / vaha hai vanaspati | isameM ananta - ananta AtmAeM hotI haiM / vanaspati kI eka zreNI hai / usakA nAma hai 'vyavahAra rAzi / ' usameM aisI ananta - ananta AtmAeM haiM jinakA kabhI vikAsa nahIM huaa| ve anAdikAla se usI yoni meM raha rahI haiN| kAla maryAdA, niyati aura karma kA samucita yoga hone para koI AtmA usa rAzi se nikalakara 'vyavahAra rAzi' meM AtI hai| yahAM usakA vikAsa prArambha ho jAtA hai / vaha ekendriya se vikasita, hote-hote paMcendriya aura manuSya kI avasthA meM pahuMca jAtI hai| 'avyavahAra rAzi kI AtmAeM avikasita aura 'vyavahAra rAzi' kI AtmAeM vikasita hotI haiM / 'vyavahAra rAzi' eka nanhI-sI-bUMda hai aura 'avyavahAra rAzi' eka mahAn samudra hai,

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AtmA aura paramAtmA athAha samudra jisakA koI Ara-pAra nahIM hai| vahAM koI bhASA nahIM, cintana nahIM, smRti nahIM, kalpanA nahIM, abhivyakti kA koI sAdhana nhiiN| 'vyavahAra rAzi' meM bhASA hai, cintana hai, smRti hai, kalpanA hai, abhivyakti ke sAdhana haiN| AtmA kI zakti samAna hai| 'avyavahAra rAzi' kI AtmA meM jo zakti hai vahI 'vyavahAra rAzi' kI AtmAo meM hai| donoM meM zakti kA koI antara nahIM hai / antara hai kevala abhivyakti kaa| 'avyavahAra rAzi' kI AtmAoM meM cetanA kI kevala eka razmi prakaTa hotI hai| vaha hai sparza-bodha / hamAre jAgarita vyavahAra kA prArambha vANI se hotA hai| vANI nahIM to vyavahAra nahIM, vANI hai to vyavahAra hai| hamane jaise hI 'avyavahAra rAzi' ko pAra kara 'vyavahAra rAzi' meM praveza kiyA vaise hI hameM sarvaprathama bhASA kI upalabdhi haI, rasanendriya kA vikAsa haa| usa rasanendriya se svAdAnubhUti aura bhASA donoM kA kArya smbhaalaa| cetanA kI dUsarI razmi, dUsarI kiraNa phUTa pdd'ii| hamane bolanA prArambha kiyA aura svAda kA anubhava kiyaa| hama vyavahAra ke jagat meM A ge| 'avyavahAra rAzi' meM hama cetanA ko prakaTa karane kI sthiti meM A ge| 'avyavahAra rAzi' meM hama cetanA ko prakaTa nahIM kara rahe the| jaise hI hama 'vyavahAra rAzi' ke jagat meM Ae vaise hI hamane yaha jAnanA zurU kara diyA ki hamArA bhI astitva hai| hama bhI haiN| apane astitva ko prakaTa karane ke lie vANI mukhara ho gii| hama do indriya vAle ho ge| ___ aba hamAre lie vikAsa kA srota khula gyaa| hamane sAmAjika jagat ko nikaTa se jAnanA prArambha kiyaa| hameM cetanA ki eka kiraNa aura milii| usase hamane gandha kA anubhava kiyaa| hama tIna indriya vAle ho ge| hamane sUMghakara bAhya jagat se sambandha sthApita karanA sIkha liyA / hamane anubhava kiyA ki phUloM meM gandha hotI hai| kevala phUloM meM hI nahIM, manuSya meM bhI gaMdha hotI hai / isa jagat kI koI vastu aisI nahIM, jisameM gaMdha na ho| hama aura Age cle| cetanA kI cauthI kiraNa prasphuTita huI, usake dvArA hamane apane jagat ko dekhA, raMga ko dekhA, rUpa ko dekhA / hama cakita raha ge| kitanI vastueM ! kitane rUpa ! kitane AkAra aura kitane prakAra ! hama cAra indriya vAle ho ge| hamArA vikAsa-krama aura Age bddh'aa| hameM zrota kI upalabdhi huii| hamane sunanA prarambha kiyaa| vyavahAra jagat ke pahale caraNa meM sAmane bolanA arthAt sunAnA zurU kiyA aura cauthe caraNa meM sunanA zurU kara diyaa| /

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM aura AdAna-donoM prArambha kara die| aba hamArA vyavahAra-jagat ke sAtha pUrNa samparka sthApita ho gyaa| hama pAMca indriya vAle ho ge| hamArI cetanA kI khir3akiyAM khula gaIM, pAMcoM razmiyAM prasphuTita ho giiN| cetanA ke sUrya kI ananta razmiyAM haiN| unameM se pAMca razmiyAM hameM upalabdha ho giiN| hamAre kendra meM prakAza hai, usa para eka AvaraNa par3A hai jo prakAza ko bAhara kI ora jAne se roka rahA hai| jaise-jaise usa lohAvaraNa ko haTAkara hama Age bar3hate hai, vaise-vaise hamArI cetanA kI razmiyAM prakAza dene laga jAtI haiN| eka bAra vikAsa kA krama prArambha hotA hai, vaha rukatA nhiiN| vaha Age se Age bar3hatA calA jAtA hai / hamAre vikAsa kA krama Age bar3hA, hamane eka daravAjA khola liyaa| pahale khir3akiyAM khulI thI aura aba eka daravAjA khula gyaa| hama manavAle prANI ho ge| mana bahuta bar3A daravAjA hai / indriya choTI khir3akiyAM haiN| maiM dekhatA huuN| mere sAmane eka AdamI baiThA hai| AMkha ne dekhA / usakA kAma pUrA ho gyaa| yaha pahale kyA thA? AMkha nahIM jaantii| bAda meM kyA hogA-yaha bhI nahIM jaantii| mana kA kAma pahale-pIche ko jAnanA bhI hai| vaha bhUta aura bhaviSya ko bhI jAnatA hai| indriyAM kevala vartamAna ko jAnatI haiN| mana bhUta, bhaviSya aura vartamAna-tInoM ko jAnatA hai| indriyoM ke dvArA prApta jAnakArI kA saMkalana karanA mana kA kAma hai| usake binA pRthak-pRthaka jAne hue jJAna kA saMkalana nahIM ho sktaa| 1, 1, 1-pratyeka aMka ke arddha-virAma lagAte cale jAiye, pratyeka aMka alaga rhegaa| arddha-virAma ke na hone para hI ve gyAraha yA eka sau gyAraha bana sakate haiM / yaha jor3a mana kA kAma hai / vaha atIta kI ghaTanA se niSkarSa nikAlatA hai, vartamAna ko badalatA hai aura bhaviSya ko apane anukUla DhAlane kA prayatna karatA hai| vaha atIta kI smRti aura bhaviSya kI kalpanA karatA hai| yadi smRti aura kalpanA nahIM hotI to hamArI duniyA bahuta choTI hotI / hamArI duniyA kA vistAra smRti aura kalpanA ke AdhAra para huA hai| mana aura buddhi kA vikAsa hone para manuSya ne socA- 'maiM kauna hUM? mere sAmane hai vaha kauna hai ?' astitva kI khoja zurU ho gii| usa khoja ne hameM AtmA aura paramAtmA kI carcA taka pahuMcA diyaa| jaba mana aura buddhi hamAre sAtha nahIM the taba AtmA aura paramAtmA kI koI carcA nahIM thii| vaha carcAhIna jagat thaa| carcA ke jagat meM hamane prazna pUche apane se kama aura dUsaroM se adhika / unake uttara mile, apane se kama aura dUsaroM se adhik| hamArI cetanA itanI vikasita nahIM huI ki hama adhyAtma kI gaharAI meM jAkara apane Apase pUche, apane Apa usakA samAdhAna

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AtmA aura paramAtmA pA jaaeN| samAdhAna kA sahI upAya hai apane Apase puuchnaa| jo manuSya apane Apa meM samAdhAna khojatA hai, use vaha mila jAtA hai| jo dUsare se samAdhAna lenA cAhatA hai, usakA mArga bahuta jaTila hai| eka yuvaka bodhidharma ke pAsa gayA / ve bahuta bar3e sAdhaka the| yuvaka ne pUchA'bhaMte ! maiM kauna hUM?' bodhidharma ne eka cAMTA mArA aura bhartsanA ke svara meM kahA- 'cale jAo, mUrkha !' yuvaka vismaya meM DUba gyaa| itanA bar3A sAdhaka, itanA bar3A jJAnI aura maiMne choTA-sA prazna pachA aura usakA uttara milA caaNttaa| vaha dUsare sAdhaka ke pAsa jAkara bolA-'bhaMte ! maiMne bodhidharma se pUchA ki maiM kauna hUM? unhoMne uttara nahIM diyA, mujhe cAMTA maaraa|' sAdhaka ne kahA- 'bodhidharma ne tumheM cAMTA mArA aura yadi vahI prazna mujhase pUchate to maiM DaMDA maartaa|' vaha kucha samajha nahIM pAyA, parezAna hokara calA gyaa| dUsare dina yuvaka phira bodhidharma ke pAsa gyaa| usane kahA-'bhaMte ! maiMne Apase prazna pUchA thaa| Apane usakA koI uttara nahIM diyA aura cAMTA mArA / kyA uttara dene kA yaha bhI koI tarIkA hai ? bhante ! Apane yaha kyA kiyA?' bodhidharma ne kahA- 'isa prazna ko mata chedd'o| yadi cher3oge to kala cAMTA par3A thA aura Aja kucha aura par3a sakatA hai / ' yuvaka ghabarA gyaa| vaha bharrAe svara meM bolA-'bhaMte ! to kyA karUM?' bodhidharma bole-'tuma murkha ho / ' 'maiM mUrkha kaise?' yuvaka ne puuchaa| bodhidharma ne kahA- 'jo bAta apane se pUchanI cAhie vaha bAta tuma dUsare se pUcha rahe ho / isalie tuma mUrkha ho / jAo, yaha prazna apane Apa se pUcho ki maiM kauna hUM?' bAta samApta ho gii| yuvaka kA samAdhAna ho gyaa| __ hamArI duniyA bar3I vicitra hai / jo bAta apane se pUchanI cAhie vaha dUsaroM se pUchate haiM aura jo dUsaroM se pUchanI cAhie vaha apane se pUchate haiN| dUsaroM se pUchanA cAhie ki 'tama kauna ho?' vaha hama apane Apa se pUchate haiN| apane Apa se pUchanA cAhie ki 'maiM kauna hUM?' use hama dUsaroM se pUchate haiN| 'maiM kauna hUM?' isakA uttara maiM dUsaroM se cAhatA hUM, isalie usakA uttara nahIM milatA aura taba taka nahIM mila sakatA jaba taka usake uttara kI khoja bAharI jagat meM calegI / "maiM kauna hUM?' isakA uttara pAne ke lie hamane eka caraNa Age bar3hAyA aura hama cetanA ko bAhara se bhItara kI ora le ge| vahAM hameM apane astitva kA anubhava ho gyaa| hamArI indriyAM, vANI aura mana-ye cetanA ko bAhara kI ora le jA rahe the| hameM bAhya-darzana ho rahA thaa| prajJA ne cetanA ko bhItara kI ora mor3A to hameM Atma-darzana hone lgaa| hamArI bahiraAtmA kI yAtrA samApta ho gaI aura antara AtmA kI yAga pArA to

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56 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM gii| cetanA kI razmiyoM ko mUla cetanA ke sAtha jor3ane kA prasthAna zurU ho gyaa| AtmA aura paramAtmA ke bIca kA eka setu nirmitta ho gyaa| isa pAra AtmA aura usa pAra prmaatmaa| donoM ke bIca kA setu ho gayA antraatmaa| ___'jo manuSya paramAtmA honA cAhatA hai use paramAtmA ko jAnanA-dekhanA hotA hai| jo arhat ko jAnatA hai vaha apanI AtmA ko jAnatA hai / jo arhat ko nahIM jAnatA vaha apanI AtmA ko bhI nahIM jaantaa|' AcArya kundakunda kA sAdhanA-sUtra paramAtmA hone kA mUlyavAn sUtra hai / sAdhAraNatayA kahA jAtA hai ki pahale AtmA ko jAno, phira paramAtmA ko jaano| vAstavikatA yaha hai ki pahale paramAtmA ko jAno, phira AtmA ko jaano| paramAtmA ko jAne binA AtmA ko nahIM jAnA jA sktaa| eka purAnI kahAnI hai| rAjA ne citrakAroM ko Amantrita kiyaa| deza bhara ke citrakAra ekatrita hue| rAjA ne kahA-'rAjamudrA banAnI hai / usameM bAMga dete hue murge kA citra hogaa| aisA jIvanta citra banAo jisase mudrA kI zreSThatA siddha ho ske| sarvazreSTha citra puraskRta kiyA jaaegaa|' citrakAra bahuta prasanna hue| unhoMne rAjA kI saba zartoM ko svIkAra kara liyaa| kucha dina bAda ve citra banAkara lAe aura rAjA ke sAmane prastuta kie| rAjA ne dekhA aura prasanna huaa| use citra bahuta acche lge| usane socA- 'maiM koI kalAkAra to hUM nhiiN| kisa citra ko prAthamikatA dI jAe, isakA nirNaya kauna kare?' rAjA ne soca-vicArakara eka bUr3he citrakAra ko bulAyA kisI samaya vaha rAjya kA sarvazreSTha citrakAra thaa| kintu aba bUr3hA ho calA thaa| rAjA ne kahA-'ina citroM meM kauna prathama hai, isakA nirNaya kro|' citrakAra sAre citroM ko le gyaa| dUsare dina Akara bolA--'mahArAja mudrA meM dene lAyaka eka bhI citra nahIM hai| saba bekAra haiN|' 'yaha kaise kahate ho? citra bahuta sundara haiM'-rAjA ne Azcarya kI mudrA meM khaa| citrakAra bolA-'sandara to haiN| kintu Apane kahA thA jIvanta citra honA caahie| inameM jIvanta citra eka bhI nahIM hai|' rAjA kaThinAI meM par3a gyaa| 'rAjya ke sAre mUrdhanya kalAkAra A ge| unakA eka bhI citra pasanda nahIM AyA to phira tuma banAo !' rAjA ne khaa| citrakAra bolA-'maiM bUr3hA ho gayA hUM, kaise banAUM? phira bhI yadi Apa cAhate haiM to maiM citra banAUMgA, para mujhe tIna varSa caahie|' 'tIna varSa kA samaya !' rAjA ne vismaya ke sAtha puuchaa| citrakAra ne kahA--'zreSThatA sAdhanA ke binA prApta nahIM hotii| tAtkAlikatA kAma-calAU ho sakatI hai, kintu vaha zreSThatA kA sajana nahIM kara sktii|' citrakAra tIna varSa kI avadhi lekara vahAM se calA gyaa| chaha mAsa bIta ge|

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AtmA aura paramAtmA citrakAra kabhI rAjA se milA hI nahIM / rAjA ne usake kArya kI jAnakArI lene ke lie apane vizvasta karmacArI ko bhejA / vaha citrakAra ke ghara gayA / vaha ghara meM nahIM milA / khojate khojate vaha jaMgala meM gayA / usane dekhA, vahAM eka bAr3A hai| usameM pacAsoM murge haiM bUr3hA citrakAra murgoM ke bIca meM baiThA hai| rAjA ke karmacArI ne pUchA - 'kyA citra bana gayA ?' bUr3hA bolA- 'citra banA rahA hUM / ' 'kaba taka banegA ?' 57 'abhI DhAI varSa lageMge / ' DhAI varSa bIta gae / rAjA ne phira jAMca karavAI citrakAra ko bulAkara kahA'citra lAo / ' 'citra abhI banA nahIM hai / ' 'tIna varSa bIta gae, phira citra kyoM nahIM banA ? aba taka kyA kiyA ?' 'kyA kiyA, yaha batAUM ? ' 'maiM avazya jAnanA caahuuNgaa|' rAjasabhA meM cAroM ora murge kI AvAja hone lagI / idhara-udhara murgA daur3ane lagA / sabhAsadoM ne dekhA, yaha kaisA AdamI ? yaha to murgA hai / vahI bhASA, vahI vyavahAra aura vahI AcaraNa / rAjA ne kahA- 'yaha kyA karate ho ?' 'mahArAja ! tIna varSoM meM maiMne kyA kiyA, vaha batA rahA huuN| maiM murgA ho gayA hUM / ' 'mujhe tumheM murgA nahIM banAnA hai, mujhe murge kA citra cAhie / ' 'murge bane binA murge kA citra nahIM banA sktaa|' 'to tuma murgA bana gae? aba citra lAo / ' 'citra meM kyA kaThinAI hai| AdhA ghaMTe kA kAma hai| tUlikA lAo, raMga kAgaja lAo, abhI citra taiyAra kara detA huuN|' sArI sAmagrI lAI gaI, aura dekhate-dekhate citra taiyAra ho gayA / pUchA- 'kyA yaha jIvanta citra hai ? ' rAjA ne 'mahArAja ! haaN|' 'isakI kasauTI kyA hai ? ve jIvanta nahIM the aura yaha jIvanta kyoM hai ?' citrakAra ne eka murgA mNgaayaa| pahale ke citroM ko rakhA aura unake sAmane murge ko chodd'aa| murgA citroM ke sAmane gayA aura muMha pherakara lauTa aayaa| sabake bAda apanA citra rakhA / use dekhate hI murgA sakriya ho gyaa| lar3ane kI mudrA meM A gyaa|

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM usane citra ke murge para AkramaNa kara diyA / citrakAra bolA 'mahArAja ! yaha jIvanta citra hai| murgA murge se lar3a rahA hai|' ... 'itanA jIvanta citra / itanI jaldI kaise banAyA tumane ?' rAjA ne puuchaa| citrakAra ne kahA-'mahArAja ! maiMne tIna varSa kA samaya murgA banane meM lgaayaa| agara maiM murgA nahIM banatA to jIvanta murgA nahIM banA paataa|' jo svayaM devatA nahIM hotA, vaha devatA kI pUjA nahIM kara sktaa| koI manuSya devatA hokara hI devatA kI pUjA kara sakatA hai| paramAtmA kI upAsanA kie binA AtmA paramAtmA nahIM ho sktii| paramAtmA kI upAsanA meM lambA samaya lagatA hai, paramAtmA hone meM lambA samaya nahIM lgtaa| jo paramAtmA ko nahIM dekhatA, vaha kabhI paramAtmA nahIM bana sktaa| AtmA ke vikAsa kI eka sImA hai| cetanA ke sUrya kI ananta razmiyoM meM se kucheka razmiyAM usameM prakaTa hotI haiN| zeSa sArI parade ke pIche rahatI haiN| dUsarI sImA yaha hai ki zakti ke ananta srotoM meM se kucheka srota usameM pravAhita hote haiN| tIsarI sImA yaha hai ki usakA Ananda vikRta rahatA hai / vaha Ananda ko khojatI hai-vastuoM meM, zabdoM meM aura vAtAvaraNa meM bhItara meM Ananda kA akSaya koSa hotA hai| usakI ora bhI dhyAna nahIM jAtA / kyA khAnA koI Ananda hai / Apake zarIra para koI phor3A ho rahA hai / usa para marahamapaTTI kI jA rahI hai / kyA phor3e para marahamapaTTI karanA koI Ananda hai| phor3e para marahamapaTTI karane meM thor3e Ananda kA anubhava hotA hai / kucha ArAma milatA hai| ye peTa ke phor3e kulabulAne lagate haiM, yaha jaTharAgni kaSTa dene lagatI hai, taba AdamI thor3A-sA bhItara DAla detA hai / ve zAMta ho jAte hai| AdamI socatA hai, bahuta Ananda milaa| yaha Ananda hai yA phor3e kA ilAja? zarIra ko khujalAne meM Ananda kA anubhava hotA hai| bhalA zarIra ko khujalAnA bhI koI Ananda hai? hamArI sImA bana gii| jisameM Ananda nahIM hai usameM Ananda khojate haiN| jisameM Ananda nahIM hai usameM Ananda pAne kA prayatna karate haiN| AtmA kI tIna sImAeM haiM- . jJAna kA AvaraNa / * zakti kA skhln| * Ananda kI vikRti| jaise-jaise hama paramAtmA kI ora bar3hate haiM, usa dizA meM hamArA prAyaNa hotA hai, vaise-vaise ye sImAeM TUTatI calI jAtI haiN| AvaraNa samApta hotA calA jAtA hai|

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AtmA aura paramAtmA bAdaloM se DhaMkA huA sUrya prakaTa hone laga jAtA hai aura eka dina vaha pUrA kA pUrA prakaTa ho jAtA hai| yaha hai paramAtmA kI sthiti| ___jaise-jaise hama paramAtmA kI ora bar3hate haiM, vaise-vaise zakti ke avarodha samApta hote cale jAte haiN| ve Ubar3a-khAbar3a bhUmi meM hote haiM / samatala meM koI avarodha nahIM hotA / samatA ke caramabindu para pahuMcate hI sAre gar3he bhara jAte haiM aura zakti ke sAre srota pravAhita ho jAte haiM / yaha hai paramAtmA kI sthiti / jaise-jaise hama paramAtmA kI ora bar3hate haiM vaise-vaise AnaMda kA sAgara laharA uThatA hai| Aveza aura eSaNA ke samApta hote hI vikRti ke tUphAna zAMta ho jAte haiN| Ananda ke sindhu kI UrmiyAM AtmA ke caraNa pakhArane laga jAtI haiN| yaha hai paramAtmA kI sthiti| ziSya ne pUchA-'gurudeva ! maiM paramAtmA kaise bana sakatA hUM?' guru ne uttara diyA- 'tuma paramAtmA bananA cAhate ho to usakA dhyAna kro| use dekhate raho / paramAtmA kA dhyAna nahIM karane vAlA kabhI paramAtmA nahIM bana sktaa| paramAtmA vahI bana sakatA hai jo paramAtmA ko dekhatA hai, usakA manana karatA hai, usakA cintana karatA hai aura usameM tanmaya rahatA hai| paramAtmA ke prati hone vAlI tanmayatA AtmA meM chipe hue paramAtmA ke bIja ko aMkurita karatI hai aura ve aMkura bar3hate-bar3hate svayaM paramAtmA bana jAte haiN|

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sAdhanA kA mArga 1. zarIra ko satAnA dharma nahIM amarIkI udyogapati henarI phorDa jaba yuvaka thA, taba eka dina Trena se nyUyArka jA rahA thaa| tyauhAra kA dina thaa| 'hoTala bhare hue mileNge| kahAM ThaharUMgA?' vaha isI udher3a-buna meM thaa| itane meM hI TikaTa-cekara A phuNcaa| usane pUchA-'TikaTa hai ?' yuvaka ne koI uttara nahIM diyaa| dUsarI bAra phira pUchA aura phira uttara nahIM diyaa| tIsarI bAra phira pUchA aura phira uttara nahIM milaa| cekara garama ho gyaa| usane uttejanApUrNa zabda kahe / yuvaka ne bhI kucha tIkhI bAteM khiiN| donoM meM jhar3apa ho gii| cekara ne pulisa ko bulA liyaa| pulisa use thAne meM le gaI / yuvaka rAtabhara thAne meM rhaa| prAtaHkAla use nyAyAdhIza ke samakSa prastuta kiyA gyaa| nyAyAdhIza ne dekhA yuvaka kI zAlIna AkRti ko, usakI vezabhUSA ko aura vyavahAra ko / use aisA nahIM lagA ki isane TikaTa na lI ho / nyAyAdhIza ne Azcarya kI mudrA meM kahA--'tuma acche yuvaka ho / maiM kAraNa nahIM samajha pAyA ki tumane TikaTa kyoM nahIM liyA?' yuvaka ne apanI jeba meM hAtha DAlA aura phasTa klAsa kA TikaTa nyAyAdhIza ke sAmane rakha diyaa| nyAyAdhIza ne kahA--'bhadrapuruSa ! tumhAre pAsa TikaTa thA, phira tuma thAne meM kyoM gae?' yuvaka ne kahA-'mere pAsa bahata kImatI sAmAna thaa| usakI surakSA ke lie upayukta sthAna kI khoja kara rahA thaa| phira bhalA thAne se adhika surakSita sthAna kauna-sA milatA? maiM rAtabhara vahAM rahA / maje se nIMda lii| merA sAmAna surakSita rahA aura santarI bandaka liye paharA detA rhaa|' thAne meM jAne ke do artha ho sakate haiM-koI AdamI aparAdha kara thAne meM jAtA hai aura koI AdamI mAla kI surakSA ke lie bhI thAne meM calA jAtA hai| yuvaka ne koI aparAdha nahIM kiyA thaa| usake pAsa TikaTa maujUda thaa| kintu use apane kImatI sAmAna kI surakSA karanI thii| use usa samaya isase acchA sthAna koI nahIM mila rahA thaa| vaha vahAM calA gyaa| zarIra eka kArAgRha hai| kucha loga usameM bandI bane baiThe haiM aura kucha loga

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sAdhanA kA mArga apane bahumUlya sAmAna kI surakSA ke lie usameM raha rahe haiM / usa kArAgRha meM rahanA sabake lie jarUrI hai| para rahane kA artha eka nahIM hai| koI vyakti kaSTa pAne ke lie usameM rahatA hai aura koI kaSTa se mukti pAne ke lie usameM rahatA hai| sAdhanA kA saMkalpa hotA hai--saba duHkhoM se chuTakArA pAnA / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-'sAdhanA kA mArga saba duHkhoM se mukti dilAne vAlA hai|' sAdhaka eka ora usa mArga para cale aura dUsarI ora duHkhoM ko AmaMtrita kare-ina donoM meM koI saMgati nahIM ho sktii| jaba duHkha ke valaya ko tor3anA hai to phira usakA varaNa nahIM ho sakatA / kAya-kleza kA artha duHkhoM ko AmaMtrita karanA nahIM ho sktaa| zarIra ko satAnA, use duHkha denA, parama dharma nahIM ho sktaa| zarIra ko kaSTa denA aura zarIra meM kaSTa AnA-ye do bAteM haiN| pahalI bAta, zarIra acetana hai / acetana meM hamAre prati zatrutA kA bhAva nahIM hai / phira hama use kyoM kaSTa deM? dUsarI bAta, vaha hamArI pragati meM sahAyaka hai / jo sahAyaka hai use hama kyoM satAeM? hama use itanA zaktizAlI banAeM jisase vaha Ane vAle kaSTa ko jhela ske| isalie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne zarIra kI sAdhanA ke do sUtra die-kAyakleza aura kAyotsarga / kAyakleza kAyA kI siddhi kA sUtra hai| isa jagat meM bhUkha-pyAsa, sardI-garmI Adi aneka dvaMdva haiN| una dvandvoM ko sahana karane kI kSamatA utpanna karane para kAyA kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| kAyotsarga kAyA kI mukti kA sUtra hai / zarIra kA zithilIkaraNa karate-karate hama usa sthiti meM pahuMca jAte haiM jahAM zarIra kA bandhana nahIM rahakara eka zakti kA valaya mAtra raha jAtA hai| yaha tanAvamukti kI sAdhanA hai| kAyakleza meM kucha tanAva hotA hai, mAtra zArIrika / mAnasika tanAva kI mukti ke lie zArIrika tanAva utpanna karanA aura phira use bhI kAyotsarga kI sAdhanA se visarjita kara denA--yaha sAdhanA kA eka mahattvapUrNa rahasya hai| __ sAdhaka kA pahalA saMkalpa hotA hai-AtmA aura zarIra kI bhinnatA kA anubhava karanA / AtmA aura zarIra bhinna hai to phira zarIra ko satAne kI bAta kaise ho sakatI hai ? AtmA aura zarIra eka ho to bhI zarIra ko satAne kI bAta kaise ho sakatI hai ? sAdhanA meM zarIra ko satAne kI bAta kisI bhI dRSTi se prApta nahIM hotI / kAyA ke sAtha jur3A huA 'kleza' zabda ulajhana meM DAlatA hai| usI zabda ke AdhAra para kAyA ko kaSTa dene kI dhAraNA bhI bana jAtI hai para 'kleza' zabda dhvanita nahIM karatA ki zarIra ko kaSTa do yA prApta kaSTa ko saho / kAyakleza eka tapa hai / tapa kI dhvani kaSTa dene kI nahIM ho sktii| usakI dhvani kaSTa sahane kI ho sakatI hai| ___

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62 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM mugaloM se marAThoM kI lar3AI cala rahI thii| marAThe 'gurillA' yuddha lar3a rahe the| ve mugaloM para hamalA karate aura phira apane ThikAnoM para lauTa Ate / isa lar3AI meM unheM kAphI kaThinAiyAM jhelanI pdd'iiN| bhojana, vastra Adi kI samasyA unake sAmane banI rhtii| sardI kA mausama thaa| marAThA sainikoM ke pAsa pUre kapar3e nahIM the| eka sainika ke kapar3e phaTa ge| cAroM ora ciMdiyAM laTaka rahI thiiN| usake mana meM jarA udAsI A gii| vaha apanI adhIratA lie hue chatrapati zivAjI ke pAsa phuNcaa| usane kahA-'mahArAja ! bhayaMkara sardI par3a rahI hai| zarIra kAMpa rahA hai| sardI se bacane kA koI sAdhana nahIM hai| sardI ko maiM sahana bhI kara lUMgA para zarIra ko bhI pUrA nahIM Dhaka pA rahA huuN| lajjA bhI nahIM baca rahI hai / ' zivAjI ne dekhA, vIra sainika adhIra ho rahA hai / usakA mana kAyara ho gayA hai / zivAjI bole--'bahAdura sainikaM ! tuma jAnate ho tumhAre zarIra para ghAva haiM? ye ghAva kyA kahate haiM ?' sainika ahaMkAra ke sAtha bolA-'mere parAkrama kI gAthA gAte haiN|' 'to vIra sainika ! yadi tuma pUre kapar3e pahana loge to ye ghAva DhaMka jaaeNge| ve kapar3e tumhArI vIratA ko DhaMkane vAle hoNge|' sainika Azvasta hokara calA gyaa| sukha-suvidhA kI manovRtti vIratA ke ghAvoM ko DhaMkane vAlI hotI hai / jaba hamAre mana meM sukha pAne kA bhAva paidA hotA hai taba parAkrama kA bhAva daba jAtA hai| zarIradarzI AdamI sukha kI bAta socatA hai aura AtmadarzI hita kI bAta socatA hai| sakha choTA satya hai aura hita bar3A satya hai| AdamI ko pAMca-dasa ghaMTA baiThe rahane meM sukha mila sakatA hai, kintu vaha hita nahIM hai| usase madhumeha kI bImArI kI sambhAvanA bar3ha jAtI hai / maharSi caraka ne 'sukhAsikA' ko madhumeha kA kAraNa batalAyA hai| sukha kI sImA hai| zarIra ko sukha-suvidhA kI bhI apekSA hai| kintu usakA atireka honA acchI bAta nahIM hai| vaha zarIra ke lie ghAtaka bana jAtA hai| isa satya kI chAyA meM hama kAyakleza kA hArda samajha sakate haiN| manuSya meM viSaya kI bhAvanA prabala na ho, sukha kI Asakti tIvra na ho, karttavya-vimukhatA kA bhAva jAgRta na ho--ina dRSTiyoM ko sAmane rakhakara bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kAyakleza kA vidhAna kiyaa| yaha tapa kA vidhAna nahIM hai| ATe meM pAnI milAyA, vaha gIlA ho gyaa| usakI roTI banA lI, phira vaha gIlI nahIM hotii| Aga meM tapI huI roTI gIlI nahIM hotI / tapa se tapA haA zarIra gIlA nahIM hotaa| kacce ghar3e meM pAnI nahIM DAlA jA sktaa| vaha Aga kI AMca meM paka jAtA hai taba usameM jala-dhAraNa kI zakti paidA ho jAtI hai| kyA ghar3e ko pakAnA use

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sAdhanA kA mArga 63 satAnA hai| eka kumhAra ghar3e ko pakA rahA hai| kyA hama kaheM ki vaha ghar3e ko satA rahA hai ? yaha satAne kI prakriyA nahIM, yaha pakAne kI prakriyA hai| kAyakleza zarIra ke satAne kI prakriyA nahIM hai, vaha zarIra ko tapAne kI prakriyA hai| jisakA zarIra sadhA huA nahIM hotA vaha kaThinAI ko nahIM jhela sakatA / vajrAsana sukhakara bhale na ho, hitakara avazya hai / jisane ghuTanoM ko nahIM sAdhA vaha vajrAsana kI mudrA meM nahIM baiTha sktaa| usake ghuTane TUTane laga jAte haiN| jo sardI meM adhika vastroM se ladA rahatA hai, usameM sardI ke pratirodha kI kSamatA vikasita nahIM ho sktii| garmI ko sahane ke lie bhI zarIra ko sAdhanA hotA hai| zUnya meM rahanA, akele meM rahanA bahuta bar3I samasyA hai| antarikSa yAtrI ko ina samasyAoM kA sAmanA karane ke lie prazikSita kiyA jAtA hai| kisI vyakti ko akasmAt antarikSa yAtrA meM nahIM bhejA jaataa| usI vyakti ko vahAM bhejA jAtA hai jo prazikSaNa prApta kara cukA hotA hai / kAyakleza sAdhanA ke prazikSaNa kA dUsarA pATha hai| pahalA pATha hai-upavAsa kA prshikssnn| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne AhAra ke viSaya meM cAra nirdeza die the-1. upavAsa, 2. alpa-AhAra, 3. AhAra-viSayaka vividha saMkalpa, 4. dUdha-dahI Adi kA prityaag| jaina dharma meM upavAsa kI anivAryatA nahIM hai| vyakti kI zakti aura AMtarika kSagatAoM ke jAgaraNa kI upayogitA--ina donoM ke sAmaMjasya para upavAsa kA nirdeza hai| taba taka upavAsa karo jaba taka mana svastha aura prasanna rhe| mana kI pavitratA na rahe taba upavAsa kI pavitratA bhI nahIM rhtii| bhojana na karane kA zarIra para prabhAva hotA hai, para usase AMtarika kSamatAoM ke vikAsa meM pUrNa sahayoga milatA hai| yaha zarIra aura mana ko satAne kI prakriyA nahIM hai| ___ kAyakleza ke viSaya meM bhagavAn ne tIna nirdeza die--Asana, AtApanA aura zarIra-saMskAra kA prityaag| hamAre zarIra meM aneka zakti kendra haiM / unheM jAgRta karane ke lie AsanoM kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai / hamArI granthiyoM kA niyamita srAva mAnasika vikAsa ke lie Avazyaka hai| Asana usa kArya meM hamArA sahayoga karate haiN| sarvAMgAsana kaMThamaNI (Thyride Glands) ke srAva ko niyamita rakhatA hai| AdhA ghaMTA sarvAMga Asana karane se zarIra ko kaSTa hotA hai kintu yaha kaSTa ke lie kaSTa nahIM hai| yahAM kaSTa kA artha sukha aura hita hai / jisa AcaraNa se zarIra ko kaSTa ho, sukha aura hita na ho vaha zarIra kA saMtApa ho sakatA hai / matsyAsana, vajrAsana, vIrAsana

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM Adi-Adi AsanoM kA kSamatA ke vikAsa meM samucita sthAna hai| isalie unakI upayogitA ko asvIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| . AtApanA bhI bahuta mUlyavAn hai| sUrya kA Atapa zArIrika zakti kA hI jIvana-mantra nahIM hai, caitanya ke prakAza kA bhI rahasyapUrNa mantra hai| isase taijasa bar3hatA hai aura prakAzAvaraNa kSINa hotA hai| AMkheM kholakara sUrya kA Atapa lenA, sUrya para trATaka karanA bahuta lAbhadAyaka hai to bahuta khataranAka bhii| pahale caraNa meM sUrya kI ora pITha kara usakA Atapa liyA jAtA hai yA leTakara / dUsare caraNa meM khar3e hokara, sUrya ke sAmane muMha kara usakA Atapa liyA jAtA hai| kucha sAdhaka prAtaHkAla meM Atapa lete haiM aura kucha madhyAhna meN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ke yuga meM saikar3oM-saikar3oM muni isa AtApanA kA prayoga karate the| 2. kAyotsarga kabIra ko anubhava huA ki jaba maiM thA taba guru nahIM thA, aba guru haiM to maiM nahIM rhaa| kAraNa bahuta sApha hai ki prema kI gati ati saMkarI hai| itanI saMkarI ki usameM do nahIM samA sakate / usameM eka hI raha sakatA hai, yA maiM yA guru / zarIra aura AtmA--donoM kA anubhava eka sAtha nahIM ho sktaa| yA zarIra kA eka anubhava hotA hai yA AtmA kaa| hama zarIra meM rahate hue AtmA ke anubhava meM jAte haiM taba zarIra visarjita ho jAtA hai, kAyotsarga ho jAtA hai| AtmA kA anubhava honA aura zarIra ke anubhava kA samApta ho jAnA kAyotsarga hai / 'maiM zarIra hUM'-yaha anubhUti jAne-anajAne sudIrghakAla se cala rahI hai| jisa kSaNa zarIra kI mUrchA TUTa jAtI hai, 'maiM zarIra nahIM hUM'- yaha cetanA jAgRta ho jAtI hai, taba kAyotsarga sampanna hotA hai / jaba mauta hotI hai taba kAyA chUTa jAtI hai, kintu usakA mamatva nahIM TUTatA / 'maiM zarIra hUM'--yaha bhAvanA nahIM TUTatI kintu usakI pakar3a aura majabUta honA cAhatI hai| marate samaya AdamI ke mana meM eka vicitra prakAra kA moha jAgatA hai| vaha marane se ghabarAtA hai| use marane kA Dara lagatA hai| Dara isa bAta kA hai ki merA zarIra chUTa jaaegaa| jisa ghara meM rahatA thA, vaha mere hAtha se chUTa jaaegaa| mauta se hamArA kucha bigar3atA nahIM hai| Apane eka acchA ghara bnaayaa| vaha ghara purAnA ho gayA, TUTa-phUTa gyaa| Apako koI naye meM rahane kA nimaMtraNa de, kyA Apa use pasanda nahIM kareMge? kyA purAne ghara ko chor3a naye ghara meM nahIM cale jAeMge? Apa avazya hI usameM jAnA caaheNge| phira mauta se ghabarAne kI kyA bAta hai ? hamArA zarIra, jo varSoM se kAma karate-karate purAnA ho jAtA hai, yadi vaha hamase chUTatA hai aura nayA ghara

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sAdhanA kA mArga prastuta hotA hai to phira ghabarAhaTa kyoM? ghabarAhaTa hone kA kAraNa zarIra kA chUTanA nahIM kintu usakA mamatva hai| mana kA mamatva nahIM chUTatA isalie mauta ke kSaNa meM kAyA ke chUTa jAne para bhI kAyotsarga nahIM hotaa| jisa kSaNa mUrchA kA bandhana zithila hotA hai usa kSaNa zarIra kA tanAva miTa jAtA hai, kAyotsarga apane-Apa sadha jAtA kAyotsarga se tanAva dUra hotA hai aura bAharI prabhAvoM se bacAva bhI hotA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUrva kI ghaTanA hai| bhagavAn pArzva ke ziSya sAdhanA kara rahe the| unameM pramukha the muni sudarzana / usa samaya eka mahAmAMtrika thA / usakA nAma thA sukarNa kApAlika / vaha mantra kI sAdhanA kara rahA thA / use bali dene ke lie sarva-lakSaNa-sampanna puruSa kI apekSA thii| eka dina sudarzana muni kucha sAdhuoM ke sAtha sukarNa ke Azrama ke pAsa pahuMce / sukarNa ke ziSyoM ne unheM dekhA / unhoMne sukarNa ko sUcanA dI--'apane Azrama ke pAsa kucha jaina muni A rahe haiN| unameM jo agraNI hai vaha sarva-lakSaNa-sampanna hai| usakI bali dI jA sakatI hai|' sukarNa ne apane karmakAroM ko bhejaa| ve sudarzana muni ko pakar3akara Azrama meM le aae| muni ne dekhA, sAmane devI kI mUrti hai / sthAna-sthAna para rakta se sanI khopar3iyAM par3I haiN| ve samajha gae--maiM bali ke lie lAyA gayA haiN| unake mana meM na koI cintA aura na koI bhy| unheM bali kI vedI para le jAkara khar3A kiyA gyaa| ve kAyotsarga kara dhyAna meM lIna ho ge| sukarNa ne mantra kA uccAraNa kiyaa| unake mukhya ziSya caMDa ne muni ke badha ke lie talavAra utthaaii| vaha gale taka pahuMcate-pahuMcate hAtha se gira gii| caMDa bhI gira pdd'aa| jitane bhI dhUpa-dIpa the ve saba gira pdd'e| sudarzana apane sthAna para khar3e rahe / kucha samaya bAda kAyotsarga pUrA kara unhoMne dekhA ki saba loga mUrcchita par3e haiN| ve bAhara ge| pratIkSA meM khar3e muniyoM ko sAtha le ve Age cale ge| sukarNa aura usake ziSya kI mUrchA bhaMga huii| unhoMne dekhA, muni vahAM nahIM haiN| sukarNa usa yuga kA sabase bar3A mAMtrika thaa| usake caMgula meM phaMsA huA vyakti isa prakAra mukta hokara calA jAe, yaha usake lie ghora apamAna kI bAta thii| vaha kruddha ho utthaa| usane muni ko mArane ke lie eka yajJa prArambha kiyaa| mahAjvAlA kI sAdhanA prArambha kI / sAta puruSoM kI bali dii| mahAjvAlA prakaTa huii| usane kArya kA nirdeza caahaa| sukarNa bolA-'sudarzana muni ko, usake parivAra ke sAtha jalA ddaalo|' mahAjvAlA vahAM phuNcii| kucha muni sudarzana ke sAtha-sAtha cala rahe the| eka vRddha muni kucha Age-Age cala rahe the| unake pairoM ke pAsa jvAlA bhabhaka utthii| ve

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM usameM bhasma ho ge| muni sudarzana ne isa ghaTanA ko dekhA aura apane sAtha ke muniyoM ko sAvadhAna kara ve kAyotsarga kI mudrA meM khar3e ho ge| mahAjvAlA ne munigaNa ke cAroM ora jvAlA prajvalita kii| para vaha sudarzana muni ke AbhA- valaya ke pAsa taka nahIM pahuMca pA rahI thI / mahAjvAlA apane prayatna meM asaphala hokara lauTa gii| usane sukarNa se kahA- 'maiM jala rahI hUM, mujhe zAMta kro|' sukarNa ne pUchA - 'sudarzana ko jalA DAlA ?' 'nahIM jalA sakI' - mahAjvAlA ne uttara diyaa| sukarNa apanA dhairya kho baitthaa| usane AkrozapUrNa svara meM kahA - 'devI ! kyA tumhArI zakti naSTa ho gaI ? aisA kyoM huA ?' mahAjvAlA ne kahA- 'usake cAroM ora abhedya kavaca hai I use bhedakara maiM bhItara nahIM jA sakI / ' 66 yaha AbhA-valaya, yaha taijasa kavaca kAyotsarga kI zakti kA pratibimba hai / sAdhAraNatayA do sthitiyoM meM kAyotsarga kA vidhAna hai-- pravRtti ke bAda aura kaSTa ke kSaNoM meM / pravRtti kI sampannatA hone para kAyotsarga karane se zArIrika, snAyuvika aura mAnasika tanAva samApta ho jAtA hai / pravRtti ke sAtha utpanna hone vAle doSa nirasta ho jAte haiM / sAdhu jaMgala meM se gujara rahe haiM / sAmane se siMha AyA / ve kAyotsarga meM khar3e ho ge| siMha calA gyaa| jaina sAhitya meM isa prakAra kI ghaTanAeM pracura mAtrA meM milatI haiM / ina ghaTanAoM ke pIche bhI vAstavikatA hai / kAyotsarga karane vAlA cetanA ke usa tala meM calA jAtA hai jisa tala meM jAne para taijasa zarIra kI sakriyatA bar3ha jAtI hai / vaha itanA Aloka vikIrNa karatA hai ki usake pAsa Ane vAlA nisteja ho jAtA hai / kAyotsarga taijasa ke vikiraNa kI eka rahasyapUrNa paddhati hai / vaha cetanA ke sUkSmaloka meM cale jAne para apane-Apa ghaTita hotI hai / kAyotsarga avataraNa kI prakiyA hai / koI vyakti kisI bAhya prabhAva ko grahaNa karanA cAhatA hai / vaha tanAva kI sthiti meM nahIM ho sakatA / tanAva pratirodha paidA karatA hai / kAyotsarga meM zArIrika zithilatA A jAtI hai| isalie usa sthiti meM dUsare ekAtmakatA sthApita karane kI suvidhA ho jAtI hai / zarIra se mana aura mamatva ko haTA lene para pIche kevala zarIra raha jAtA hai / jaise hI mana kA zithilIkaraNa hotA hai, vaise hI zarIra kA zithilIkaraNa ho jAtA hai aura zarIra kA zithilIkaraNa hone para mana kA zithilIkaraNa ho jAtA hai| hama leTa rahe haiM, baiThe haiM yA khar3e haiM, kAyotsarga ina tInoM mudrAoM meM kiyA jA sakatA hai / zarIra ke eka-eka aMga para zithilatA kA anubhava karate cale jaaeN| zithilatA kI bhAvanA

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sAdhanA kA mArga aura zithilatA kA saMkalpa / isa prakriyA se do-tIna kSaNoM meM zarIra zithila ho jAtA hai / pravRtti chUTa jAtI hai aura cintana bhI chUTa jAtA hai / eka prakAra kI nIMda kA anubhava hone laga jAtA hai / na pUrI nIMda aura na pUrI jAgRti, thor3I nIMda aura thor3I jAgRti - yaha mizrita anubhava hone laga jAtA hai / isa sthiti meM kama se kama AdhA ghaMTA rahanA zArIrika svAsthya aura mAnasika vikAsa--donoM ke lie hitakara hai 1 kAyotsarga mRtyu kI upAsanA hai / jise kAyotsarga kA acchA abhyAsa hotA hai vaha mUrcchita avasthA meM nahIM maratA / vaha mRtyu ke antima kSaNa taka jAgRta rahatA hai aura use zarIra chUTane ke antima kSaNa kA bodha hotA hai / kahA jAtA hai ki mRtyu ke kSaNa meM kaSTa hotA hai / kaSTa mRtyu se nahIM hotA / vaha kalpanA ke kAraNa hotA hai / mRtyu meM bhaya kI kalpanA hai / bhaya ke kAraNa snAyuoM meM sikur3ana hotI hai| snAyu kI sikur3ana hotI hai / snAyu kI sikur3ana darda paidA karatI hai / sAdhAraNa pIr3A bhI snAyuvika sukur3ana ke kAraNa tIvra bana jAtI hai / hamAre zarIra meM bhaya na ho, snAyuoM meM sikur3ana na ho, isa bhAvanA kI pUrti snAyu kI upAsanA se hI ho sakatI hai / I 3. sthUla karma zarIra kA prakampana jise hama dekha rahe haiM, vaha sthUla zarIra hai / unameM eka sUkSma zarIra hai| usakA nAma taijasa hai / vaha sthUla zarIra ko sakriya banAtA hai, saMcAlita karatA hai / yaha prANa-zakti kA srota hai| vaijJAnikoM ne aise kaimare nirmita kie haiM jinake dvArA AbhA-maMDala ke phoTo lie jA sakate haiN| purAne jamAne kI paribhASA thI-- jisameM zvAsa cale vaha jIvita aura jisameM zvAsa banda ho jAe vaha mRta / AdamI jaba marane ko hotA hai taba usakI nAka para ruI kA phohA lagAte haiM, yaha patA lagAne ke lie ki vaha jI rahA hai| yA nahIM jI rahA hai| yadi ruI kA phohA hilatA hai to zvAsa cala rahA hai, AdamI jI rahA hai / yadi vaha nahIM hilatA hai to mAna liyA jAtA hai ki vaha mara gayA / yaha bahuta purAnI bAta ho gaI / jIvana kI naI paribhASA yaha hai - zvAsa cAhe cale yA na cale, hRdaya kI dhar3akana ho yA na ho, usakI AbhA kA vartula TUTa gayA to AdamI mara gayA / bahuta bAra aisA hotA hai ki hRdaya kI dhar3akana ruka jAne ke kucha dinoM bAda bhI AdamI phira jI uThatA hai / bahuta loga zmazAna - yAtrA kara phira ghara lauTa Ate haiM / hRdaya kI dhar3akana banda ho gaI zvAsa kI gati banda ho gaI, kintu AbhA kA vartula nahIM TUTA to ve phira jI uThe aura citA se uThakara ghara A ge| yaha AbhA- valaya taijasa zarIra kA eka pratibimba hai| yaha jIvana kA sUtradhAra haiN| yaha sampUrNa sthUla zarIra ke bhItara aura bAhara -- donoM ora vyApta hai / 67

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68 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM taijasa zarIra ke bhItara eka sUkSma zarIra aura hai / usakA nAma hai-karma zarIra / dRzya zarIra AhAra ke paramANuoM, taijasa zarIra vidyut paramANuoM aura karma zarIra vAsanA, saMskAra aura saMvedanA sUkSmatama paramANuoM se nirmita hotA hai| karma zarIra sarvAdhika zaktizAlI zarIra hai| yaha saba zarIroM kA mUla kAraNa hai| isake hone para anya zarIra hote haiN| inake na hone para koI zarIra nahIM hotaa| sthUla zarIra kA sIdhA samparka taijasa zarIra se hai / taijasa zarIra kA sIdhA samparka karma zarIra se hai aura karma zarIra kA sIdhA samparka cetanA se hai| karma zarIra caitanya para AvaraNa DAlatA hai| isalie cetanA sarvAtmanA bAhya jagat kA jJAna nahIM kara pAtI / AvaraNa ke do bindu virala hote haiM, unameM se jhAMkakara kucha caitanya-razmiyAM bAhya jagat ko jAna pAtI haiN| karma zarIra sthUla zarIra ke dvArA AkarSita bAhya jagat ke prabhAvoM ko grahaNa karatA hai aura caitanya ke prabhAvoM ko bAhya jagat taka pahuMcAtA hai / isake cAra mukhya kendra haiM / unake nAma kramazaH isa prakAra haiM 1. jnyaan-kendr| 2. sty-kendr| 3. aannd-kendr| 4. zakti kendr| isake cAra gauNa kendra isa prakAra haiM1. sNvedn-kendr| 2. nirmaann-kendr| 3. upalabdhi -kendr| 4. jiivn-kendr| jJAna-kendra-indriyAM jJAna-kendra haiN| unake saMsthAna sthUla zarIra meM nirmita hote haiN| para jJAna kA mUla srota sthUla zarIra nahIM hai / ye saMsthAna eka prakAra se abhivyakti kendra haiM / jJAna kI dhArA karma-zarIra ke mAdhyama se unameM saMkrAMta hotI hai / sthUla zarIra meM jitane bhI jJAna-kendra haiM ve saba karma-zarIra dvArA saMpreSita jJAna-dhArA ke saMvAhaka haiN| karma zarIra ke jitane dvAra khulate haiM utane hI jJAna-kendra sthUla zarIra meM nirmita hote haiN| Ananda, zakti aura saMvedana ke kendra bhI karma-zarIra meM hote haiN| unakA pratibimba sthUla zarIra meM hotA hai| sukha-duHkha kA anubhava bhI karma-zarIra ko hotA hai| ghaTanA sthUla zarIra meM ghaTita hotI hai| usakA saMvedana karma-zarIra meM hotA hai| mAdaka vastuoM kA prayoga karane para sthUla zarIra aura karma-zarIra kA sambandha vicchinna

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sAdhanA kA mArga 69 1 ho jAtA hai / usa dazA meM sthUla zarIra ko sardI-garmI yA pIr3A kA koI saMvedana nahIM hotA / roga bhI karma-zarIra meM utpanna hotA hai aura sthUla zarIra meM vyakta / vAsanA karma - zarIra meM utpanna hotI hai aura vyakta hotI hai sthUla zarIra meM / karma- zarIra aura sthUla- donoM kA sambandha hamArI vibhinna avasthAoM kA nirmANa karatA hai / hama samasyA aura samAdhAna zarIra meM khojate haiM, jabaki una donoM kA mUla karma - zarIra meM hotA hai / karma- zarIra hamAre cintana, bhAvanA, saMkalpa aura pravRtti se prakaMpita hotA hai / prakampana-kAla meM vaha nae paramANu ko grahaNa (baMdha) aura pUrva - gRhIta paramANuoM kA parityAga (nirjarA) karatA hai| cintana, bhAvanA, saMkalpa aura pravRtti - ye pavitra hote haiM taba karma - zarIra ke paramANu adhika mAtrA meM parityakta hote haiM aura usake AvAraka aura avarodhaka paTala virala ho jAte haiM / usakA prabhAva sthUla zarIra ke jJAna- kendroM para bhI hotA hai / usake jJAna- kendra (yA cakra) vikasita ho jAte haiN| AvAraka paTala ke virala aura jJAna - kendroM ke vikasita hone para cetanA kI kArya-kSamatA bar3ha jAtI hai / sthUla zarIra ke jJAna kendroM kA vikAsa karane se cetanA kI kArya-kSamatA nahIM bar3hatI / usakI kArya-kSamatA ko prakaMpita karane aura usake AvAraka paTala ko adhika virata karane se bar3hatI hai| hama kisI jJAna- kendra para mana ko ekAgra kara dhyAna karate haiM, usase kevala sthUla zarIra kA jJAna kendra hI vikasita nahIM hotA kintu karma - zarIra kA jJAna - kendra bhI vikasita hotA hai / ina kendroM ke vikAsa kA upAya kevala dhyAna hI nahIM hai / inakA vikAsa dhyAna se bhI hotA hai, tapasyA se bhI hotA hai, bhAvanA se bhI hotA hai aura vItarAga AtmA ke sAtha tAdAtmya sthApita karane se bhI hotA hai| haThayoga kI sAdhanA-paddhati meM sthUla zarIra ke cakroM ko jAgRta karane para adhika bala diyA gayA hai| jaina sAdhanA-paddhati karma - zarIra ko virala karane para AdhArita hai / isalie isameM haThayoga kI apekSA rAjayoga ke tattva adhika vikasita hue haiM bhagavAn mahAvIra kA sAdhanA - sUtra hai - karma - zarIra ko prakaMpita karo / haThayoga kA prabhAva prANazakti para adhika hotA hai| haThayogI meM prANazakti kA camatkAra hotA hai, para cetanA kI nirmalatA - krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kI alpatA nahIM hotI / karma- zarIra kA mUla bIja krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha hai| jaina sAdhanA-paddhati kA Adi bindu aura antima bindu isa kaSAya-catuSTayI kA unmUlana hai| isakA unmUlana karane vAlA vItarAga hotA hai / usameM prANa zakti kA camatkAra nahIM ho sakatA kintu usakI cetanA nirmala aura pavitra ho jAtI hai / usameM jJAna kendroM ke mAdhyamoM kA sahArA lie binA sarvAtmanA bAhya jagat ko jAnane kI kSamatA vikasita ho jAtI

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70 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM hai / jJAna anAvRta, Ananda abAdhita aura zakti apratihata ho jAtI hai / taijasa zarIra (prANa zarIra yA prANazakti) bhI tapasyA se vikasita hotA hai / kintu tapasyA kA mukhya kAryakrama zarIra ko prakaMpita karanA hai / anazana, UnodarI (AhAra kI alpatA), vRtti-saMkSepa (AhAra-viSayaka saMkalpa), rasa- parityAga, kAyakleza aura pratisaMlInatA (indriya- saMyama yA pratyAhAra) -- tapasyA ke ye chaha prakAra sthUla zarIra ke mAdhyama se karma - zarIra ko prakaMpita karate haiM, isalie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne unheM bAhya tapa (bahiraMga yoga ) kahA hai / prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyAvRtya (sevA), svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura vyutsarga (kaSAya-tyAga aura kAyotsarga) -- tapasyA ke ye chaha prakAra mana ke mAdhyama se karma- zarIra ko prakaMpita karate haiM, isalie bhagavAn mahAvIra ne unheM Antarika tapa ( antaraMga yoga ) kahA hai / sthUla zarIra ke mAdhyama se hone vAle karma- zarIra ke prakaMpanoM kI apekSA mana ke mAdhyama se hone vAle prakaMpana adhika zaktizAlI hote haiN| unakI coTa bhItarI aura gaharI hotI hai / isIlie unake dvArA karma- zarIra ke paramANuoM kA adhika mAtrA meM vikiraNa hotA hai / 1 4. prANavAyu / zarIra meM kampana hotA hai| phephar3A rakta kA zodhana karatA hai / hRdaya usako pheMkatA hai| vahAM se usakA samUce zarIra meM abhisaraNa hotA hai| dhamaniyoM meM azuddha rakta jAegA to vikRti paidA karegA / usase zarIra meM maMdatA, zithilatA aura Alasya paidA hogaa| zuddha rakta jAegA to zarIra kI kSamatA bddh'egii| kAma karane kI zakti bar3hegI / hRdaya kA kAma rakta ko pheMkane kA hai| usakI saphAI karane kA nahIM saphAI karane kA kAma phephar3e kA hai| rakta zarIra meM ghUmA / usameM bahuta sArI vikRtiyAM mila giiN| phuphphusa yaMtra ne usake viSoM ko alaga kara use nirdoSa banA diyaa| yaha rakta kI saphAI prANavAyu ke dvArA hotI hai / phuphphusa prANavAyu ke dvArA rakta ko chAnatA hai / usameM jo kArbana-DAi-oNksAiDa jamA hotA hai use nikAla detA hai| phephar3e meM pahuMcate-pahuMcate khUna kA raMga nIlA ho jAtA hai| saphAI hone para usakI raktimA prakaTa ho jAtI hai| phephar3e ko prANavAyu pUrA milatA hai to rakta pUrA zuddha ho jAtA hai / prANavAyu pUrA nahIM milatA taba taka rakta pUrA zuddha nahIM hotaa| hama prANavAyu ko pUrA lenA nahIM jAnate / pUrA zvAsa lenA nahIM jaante| hama zvAsa lenA nahIM jAnate, yaha kahanA aTapaTI-sI bAta lagatI hai / hama gUr3ha satya ko nahIM jAnate / yaha bAta samajha meM A sakatI hai kintu zvAsa jaisI sAdhAraNa bAta ke lie yaha kahA jAe ki hama zvAsa

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sAdhanA kA mArga lenA nahIM jAnate, to aisA lagatA hai ki yA to kahane vAle kA koI ahaM hai yA vaha dUsare ke ahaM para coTa kara rahA hai / zvAsa hamArI naisargika pravRtti hai / baccA zvAsa lenA zurU kara detA hai / yaha sva-saMcAlita nAr3I taMtra kI kriyA hai / isake lie prazikSaNa lenA Avazyaka nahIM hai / hara AdamI zvAsa letA hai, phira vaha par3hA likhA ho yA anapar3ha / sAdhAraNatayA hama eka minaTa meM pandraha-bIsa zvAsa lete haiN| hara AdamI eka dina-rAta meM ikkIsa hajAra se kucha adhika zvAsa letA hai| yadi gaharA zvAsa leM to isa saMkhyA meM kAphI parivartana A sakatA hai| zvAsa kA prANazakti ke sAtha gaharA sambandha hai / jo kama zvAsa letA hai usakA jIvana lambA hotA hai / jo adhika zvAsa letA hai usakA jIvana zIghra samApta ho jAtA hai| vaijJAnika zodhoM kA niSkarSa hai ki jo eka minaTa meM cAra pAMca zvAsa lete haiM ve eka sau pacAsa yA do sau varSa jIte haiN| jo eka minaTa meM dasa-bAraha zvAsa lete haiM ve sau yA eka sau pacIsa varSa jIte haiN| jo eka minaTa meM pandraha-solaha zvAsa lete haiM ve sattara yA assI varSa jIte haiN| zvAsa jitanA dIrgha hogA utanA hI prANavAyu bhItara jaayegaa| phephar3e ke rakta kI zuddhi ke lie utanA hI adhika IMdhana milegA / yadi eka minaTa meM eka yA do zvAsa liyA jA sake to phuphphusa yaMtra ke sAta karor3a koSoM (Cells) kI pUrI saphAI ho jAtI hai| yoga-vidyA ne sarvaprathama manuSya kA dhyAna isa ora AkarSita kiyA ki hamArA zvAsa dIrgha aura gaharA honA cAhiye / dIrgha zvAsa se raktazuddhi hI nahIM hotI hai, mana bhI zAnta hotA hai / janasAdhAraNa kA prazna hai ki mana kahIM TikatA nahIM hai use kaise TikAeM ? jaise hI eka bindu para mana TikAne kA prayatna karate haiM mana daur3ane laga jAtA hai| mana ko rokanA niSedha kA siddhAnta hai / jisakA niSedha kiyA jAtA hai usakA AkarSaNa bar3ha jAtA hai| Apa bacce se kaheM, tumheM bAhara nahIM jAnA hai taba vaha bAhara jarUra jAnA cAhegA / ratnAdevI ne jinarakSita aura jinapAla se kahA- 'maiM kAryavaza bAhara jA rahI huuN| akele tumhArA mana na lage to tuma ghUmane ke lie bAhara cale jAnA / pUrva meM ramaNIya udyAna hai / saba RtuoM ke phUla, surabhimaya pavana, mohaka vAtAvaraNa - saba kucha upalabdha hai / vahAM sukha se samaya bitAnA / yadi tuma cAho to pazcima aura uttara ke udyAnoM meM cale jaanaa| ve bhI bahuta ramaNIya haiM / kintu eka bAta kA dhyAna rakhanA / dakSiNa ke udyAna meM mata jaanaa| vahAM jAoge to saMkaTa meM par3a jAoge / vaha atyanta khataranAka hai / ' devI calI gaI / jinarakSita aura jinapAla ke mana meM pUrva, pazcima aura uttara ke udyAnoM meM jAne kA koI AkarSaNa nahIM bnaa| phira bhI ve devI ke nirdezAnusAra 1 71

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72 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM pUrva ke udyAna meM gye| phira ve pazcima aura uttara ke udyAna meM gae / unakA mana dakSiNa ke udyAna meM jAne ke lie chaTapaTA rahA thaa| mana meM AyA-vahAM jAnA bar3A khataranAka hai| phira socA dekheM to sahI kyA khatarA hai? dekhe binA kaise patA calegA? ve ghUmate rahe aura sAtha-sAtha mana bhI ghUmatA rhaa| ve ghUmate haiM pUrva ke udyAna meM aura unakA mana ghUmatA hai dakSiNa ke udyAna meM / ve ghUmate haiM pazcima ke udyAna meM aura unakA mana daur3a rahA hai dakSiNa ke udyAna meM / ve ghUmate haiM uttara ke udyAna meM aura unakA mana daur3a rahA hai dakSiNa ke udyAna meN| yaha bahuta bar3A manovaijJAnika satya hai ki niSedha karane kA artha hai-AkarSaNa paidA krnaa| jaba-jaba hama mana ko rokane kI bAta socate haiM taba-taba usake daur3ane kI bAta socate haiM / hama nahIM cAhate ki vaha daur3e, kintu jaba rokanA cAhate haiM taba usakI daur3a kaise banda ho? hama jina sthAnoM meM use nahIM jAne denA cAhate vahAM vaha jarUra jAnA caahegaa| eka sAdhaka dhyAna kA abhyAsa kara rahA thaa| guru use dhyAna kA abhyAsa karA rahe the| eka dina guru ne kahA-'tuma ekAnta meM jAkara dhyAna karo / pUrNa ekAgratA se dhyAna kro| para eka bAta kA dhyAna rakhanA, tumhArA abhyAsa tabhI saphala hogA jaba tuma bandara ko yAda nahIM kroge| yadi tuma bandara ko yAda karoge to tumhArA abhyAsa-krama TUTa jaayegaa|' vaha guru ko praNAma kara ekAnta meM gyaa| dhyAna karane baiThA / use aura koI smRti nahIM aaii| usakA mana bandara kI smRti meM ulajha gyaa| guru ne usake mana meM eka jaharIlA kITANu chor3a diyaa| vaha becArA bAra-bAra use bhUlane kA prayatna karatA hai| kintu jaba-jaba vaha use bhUlane kA prayatna karatA hai, taba-taba bandara usakI AMkhoM ke sAmane A jAtA hai| vaha niSedha kI pakar3a meM A gyaa| usakA abhyAsa saphala nahIM ho sakA / guru ne dUsare dina kahA--'tuma ekAnta meM cale jaao| eka ghaMTe kA samaya hai donoM nathunoM ke nIce Ate-jAte prANavAyu ko dekhate raho / ' sAdhaka ne vaisA hI kiyaa| dasa minaTa bIte hoMge ki mana zAnta ho gyaa| smRti, cintana aura kalpanA-sabake daravAje banda ho ge| AdhA ghaMTA bItA ki deza-kAla kA bhAna bhI samApta ho gyaa| vaha samAdhi meM kaI ghaMToM taka baiThA rhaa| tIna ghaMTe bAda usakI samAdhi ttuuttii| guru ne nahIM kahA ki mana ko rokanA hai / ziSya ne bhI nahIM socA ki mana ko rokanA hai| kintu mana ruka gyaa| vaha rukatA hai, use rokA nahIM jA sktaa| hama zvAsa ko manda kareM, mana apane Apa ruka jaaegaa| hama zvAsa ko dekheM, vaha apane Apa zAnta ho jaaegaa| hama caMcalatA ke pravAha ko roka dete haiM taba caMcalatA apane Apa ruka jAtI hai / jalAzaya meM pAnI hai taba lahara uThatI

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sAdhanA kA mArga hai| usameM pAnI hI nahIM rahA, phira lahara kaise uThegI? mana kI caMcalatA kA pravAha hai prANavAyu / usakA dhakkA lagatA hai| taba caMcalatA paidA hotI hai| prANavAyu ko zAnta kara diyA taba mana caMcala kaise hogA? Avega prANavAyu kI caMcalatA ke dvArA hote haiN| prANavAyu zAnta hai to hama krodha karanA cAheM, to bhI nahIM kara paayeNge| krodha karane ke lie jarUrI hai ki pahale zvAsa teja ho / zvAsa teja hogA taba hama krodha kreNge| yA krodha kareMge taba hamArA zvAsa teja hogaa| zAnta zvAsa meM hama krodha nahIM kara sakate / zAnta zvAsa meM hamAre mana meM vAsanA jAgRta nahIM ho sktii| zAMta zvAsa meM hamAre mana meM koI Aveza nahIM ho sktaa| ye sAre Aveza tIvra zvAsa meM hote haiN| yaugika niSkarSoM ke anusAra krodha kI sthiti meM eka minaTa meM tIsa-cAlIsa zvAsa ho jAte haiN| saMbhoga kI sthiti meM ve sATha taka cale jAte haiN| isalie saMbhoga ke dvArA adhika zakti kSINa hotI hai| bhaya lagatA hai to hRdaya kI dhar3akana aura zvAsa kI gati bar3ha jAtI hai| bhaya kA Aveza zAnta hotA hai to zvAsa kI gati manda ho jAtI hai / zAnta samudra, tuphAnI samudra aura jamA huA samudra-samudra ke ye tIna rUpa haiN| zAMta samudra meM naukA ko khatarA nahIM hotA / tUphAnI samudra meM vaha DagamagAne laga jAtI hai / uttarI samudra jame par3e haiN| usa para AdamI calA jAtA hai| koI khatarA nahIM hai| hamAre mana kI bhI tIna avasthAeM hotI haiM-zAnta mana, tUphAnI mana aura saghana mana / prANavAyu lambA hotA hai, pUrA hotA hai, dUSita dravya (Carbon)ko pUrI mAtrA meM bAhara nikAlatA hai, taba mana zAnta rahatA hai| prANavAyu kI dIrghatA kama hotI hai, dUSita dravya pUrI mAtrA meM bAhara nahIM nikalatA taba mana tUphAnI bana jAtA hai| praNavAyu manda hote-hote sthira ho jAtA hai taba mana saghana ho jAtA hai| samAdhi apane Apa utara AtI hai| 5. prANa prANa aura prANavAyu eka nahIM hai / prANavAyu se liyA jAne vAlA paudgalika dravya hai| use hama lete haiM aura chor3ate haiN| phira lete haiM aura phira chor3ate haiN| yaha krama calatA rahatA hai| prANa hamArI jIvanI-zakti hai| vaha samUce zarIra meM pravAhita hai| prANa hai taba taka jIvana hai| prANa samApta hotA hai, jIvana samApta ho jAtA hai / jaina dharma meM prANa-viyojana ko hiMsA mAnA hai| prANa taijasa zarIra kA vidyuta pravAha hai / cintana kA yaMtra mastiSka hai kintu usameM prANa zakti kA pravAha na ho to koI bhI manuSya cintana nahIM kara sktaa| bolane kA mAdhyama svara-yaMtra hai| kintu usameM prANa-zakti kA pravAha na ho to koI bhI manuSya

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM bola nahIM sakatA / nAr3I - saMsthAna meM kriyA kI kSamatA hai / kintu usameM prANa-zakti kA pravAha na ho to vaha kArya nahIM kara sktaa| AMkha dekhatI hai, kAna sunate haiM / saba indriyAM apanA-apanA kAma karatI haiN| kintu unameM yadi prANa-zakti kA pravAha na ho to indriyAM kucha bhI nahIM jAna sakatI / 1 eka hI prANadhArA aneka taMtroM meM pravAhita hone ke kAraNa aneka nAmoM se abhihita hotI hai / mana meM prANa kA pravAha hotA hai taba hama ciMtana karate haiN| yaha hai 'mana prANa' / vANI meM prANa kA pravAha hotA hai taba hama bolate haiN| yaha hai 'vacana prANa' / zarIra meM prANa kA pravAha hotA hai taba hama kriyA karate haiM / yaha hai 'zarIra - prANa' / zvAsa- saMsthAna 74 prANa kA pravAha hotA hai, taba hama zvAsa lete haiM / yaha hai 'zvAsa prANa' / AhAra- saMsthAna meM prANa kA pravAha hotA hai taba hama jIvana dhAraNa karate haiM / yaha hai ' AyuSya prANa' / indriyoM meM prANa kA pravAha hotA haiM taba hama dekhate haiM, sunate haiM, sUMghate haiM, cakhate haiM aura sparza-bodha karate haiM / yaha haiM 'indriya prANa / ' jo vyakti AdhyAtmika sAdhanA meM lIna hotA hai, usakI prANa-zakti vikasita ho jAtI hai / koI sAdhaka kevala prANa kA prayoga karatA hai, usakI bhI prANa-zakti vikasita ho jAtI hai / prANAyAma usake vikAsa kA bahuta bar3A sAdhana hai / prANa-zakti kA vikAsa bahuta Avazyaka hai| jisakI prANa-zakti vikasita hotI hai vaha Antarika khoja meM bahuta Age bar3ha sakatA hai / 6. prANAyAma prANavAyu ko lenA (pUraka), chor3anA (recaka), use bhItara aura bAhara rokanA (kumbhaka) -- ina tIna kriyAoM kA nAma prANAyAma hai| prANavAyu ke prayogoM se prANazakti kI agni prajvalita hotI hai, isalie prANAyAma kA mUlya hai| prANavAyu kA IMdhana jitanA adhika mAtrA meM milatA hai utanA hI prANa-mizrita caitanya vikasita hotA hai / jaina sAdhakoM ne tIvra prANAyAma ko asvIkAra kiyA hai| unhoMne zvAsa ko manda, sUkSma yA dIrgha karane ko upayogI mAnA hai| vikAsa kA rahasya hai prANadhArA ko nAr3I-saMsthAna meM pravAhita karanA / prANavAyu phephar3oM ke nIce (tanupaTa (Diaform) taka ho jAtA hai / vaha samUce zarIra meM nahIM jaataa| prANa, apAna, UdAna, vyAna aura samAna - inakA zarIragata jo pravAha hai, vaha prANavAyu nahIM kintu prANadhArA hai| isa para dhyAna kendrita karanA aura ise utkrAnti kI dRSTi se vibhinna nAr3I-cakroM meM pravAhita karanA sAdhana kA mahattvapUrNa aMga hai /

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satya kI khoja : visaMvAditA kA avarodha satya zAzvata hai| satyadarzI usakA pravartana nahIM karatA, vyAkhyA karatA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra satya ke pravartaka nahIM kintu vyAkhyAtA the| unhoMne dIrgha tapasyA ke dvArA satya kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA aura bhASA kI sImA meM use anAvRta kiyaa| unhoMne dekhA, satya kA sAkSAtkAra kiyA jA sakatA hai, usakI samagratA kA pratipAdana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| pratipAdana satyAMza kA hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / jJAna apane lie hotA hai aura pratipAdana dUsaroM ke lie| jJAna apane-Apa meM pratyakSa hotA hai| jJeya ko jAnate samaya vaha pratyakSa bhI hotA hai aura parokSa bhI hotA hai| vaha apane-Apa meM na pramANa hotA hai aura na apramANa / jJeya ko jAnate samaya vaha pramANa bhI hotA hai aura apramANa bhI hotA hai / saMzayita aura viparyasta jJAna apramANa hotA hai / nirNayAtmaka jJAna pramANa hotA hai / jJAna-vikAsa kI taratamatA, svArtha aura parArtha, pratyakSa aura parokSa, prAmANya aura aprAmANya-jJAna ke ina vividha rUpoM ne satya ko vividha rUpoM meM vibhakta kara diyaa| satya satya hI hai| vaha mere lie eka prakAra kA aura dUsare ke lie dUsare prakAra kA nahIM hotaa| phira bhI yaha ho rahA hai ki maiM jise satya mAnatA hUM dUsarA use asatya mAnatA hai| dUsarA jise satya mAnatA hai maiM use asatya mAnatA hUM / satya kA yaha vivAdAspada rUpa manuSya ko asatya kI ora le jAtA hai| mahAvIra aura buddha bhArata meM hue, lAotse aura kanphyUziyasa cIna meN| deza bhinna haiM kintu kAla bhinna nahIM hai| cAroM sama-sAmayika haiN| vyakti dezakAla se avicchinna ho sakatA hai kintu satya dezakAla se avicchinna nahIM hotaa| vaha hara deza aura hara kAla meM eka rUpa hI hotA hai| kintu mahAvIra ko .. par3hane vAlA eka prakAra ke satya ko pakar3a rahA hai| buddha ko par3hane vAlA dUsare prakAra ke satya ko pakar3a rahA hai / lAotse ko par3hane vAlA tIsare prakAra ke aura kanphyUziyasa ko par3hane vAlA cauthe prakAra ke satya ko pakar3a rahA hai| satya ekarUpa, pratipAdana aneka rUpa aura pakar3a usase bahuta duur| yaha sthiti eka satya-zodhaka ke mana meM yaha prazna paidA karatI hai-kyA satya vAstavika hai yA mRgamarIcikA? yadi vAstavika .

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM hai to pratipAdana kA bheda kyoM ? yadi mRgamarIcikA hai to usake lie itanA prayatna kyoM ? isa prazna ne bahuta logoM ko asatya kI dizA meM Dhakela diyA jinake caraNa satya kI dizA meM bar3hane ko tatpara the / mahAvIra ne isa prazna ko gambhIratA se dekhA / satya kI dizA meM bar3hane vAle pairoM ko lar3akhar3Ate hue dekhA aura dekhA ki satyAMza satya para AvaraNa DAla rahA hai, asatya ko ujAgara kara rahA hai| unhoMne isa prazna ko sulajhAne ke lie anekAMta kI sthApanA kI aura yaha ghoSaNA kI ki jo pratipAdana kiyA jAtA hai vaha satya nahIM hai, satyAMza hai / satya kA pratipAdana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / pratipAdana satyAMza kA hI kiyA jA sakatA hai / maiMne satya kA sAkSAt kiyA hai, kintu maiM usakA pratipAdana nahIM kara sktaa| dUsarA koI satya kA sAkSAt kara sakatA hai kintu usakA pratipAdana nahIM kara sakatA / vaha avaktavya satyAMza hI ho sakatA hai / maiM eka satyAMza kA pratipAdana karatA hUM, dUsarA dUsare satyAMza kA pratipAdana karatA hai / donoM ke satyAMza bhinna ho sakate haiM aura hote haiM / yaha satya kA bheda nahIM / yaha satya kA vibhAjana nhiiN| vaha apekSA bheda se pratipAdana satyAMza kA bheda haiN| maiM kisI eka satyAMza kA pratipAdana apekSita samajhatA hUM to dUsarA kisI dUsare satyAMza kA pratipAdana apekSita samajhatA hai / yaha vANI kI kSamatA kA bheda haiM / I / 76 zabda meM itanI hI kSamatA hai ki vaha eka kSaNa meM satya ke ananta paryAyoM (aMzoM) meM se eka hI paryAya kA pratipAdana karatA hai aura samUcI bhASA satya ke kucheka paryAyoM kA pratipAdana kara sakatI hai| kisI bhI bhASA ne satya ke hajAroM paryAyoM se adhika paryAyoM ko abhivyakti nahIM dI haiM aura bhaviSya meM bhI nahIM de paaegii| koI bhI manuSya apane jIvana meM satya ke hajAroM paryAyoM se adhika paryAyoM ko abhivyakti nahIM de paataa| phira isa tarka kA kyA artha hai ki yaha sarvajJa kA vacana hai| yaha satya ke sAkSAt draSTA kA vacana hai| kyA sarvajJa yA satya kA sAkSAta draSTA sampUrNa satya ko kaha sakatA hai ? yadi kaha sake to satya ananta nahIM ho sakatA, zAzvata nahIM ho sakatA / aura yadi nahIM kaha sake to vaha satyAMza hI kaha skegaa| satyAMza ko pUrNa satya mAnakara hama satya kI khoja ke dvAra ko banda nahIM kara sakate / anekAMta ke siddhAMta ne satya kI khoja ke dvAra ko sadA ke lie, sabake lie khola diyA / usakA pratipAdya hai - satya kI khoja maiM bhI kara sakatA hUM, tuma bhI kara sakate ho / usakA sAkSAtkAra bhI hama saba kara sakate haiM / hamAre pUrvajoM ne satya kI khoja kI, usakA sAkSAt kiyA aura pratipAdana bhI / satya kI khoja aura sAkSAtkAra unakA apanA viSaya hai aura pratipAdana hamAre lie hai| hama unake pratipAdana ko hI mAnakara caleM,

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satya kI khoja : visaMvAditA kA avarodha satyAMza ke dvArA hI satya ko samajhane kA prayatna kareM, isase bar3A asatya koI nahIM ho sakatA / satyAMza ke dvArA satya ko nahIM samajhA jA sktaa| usake dvArA satya kI jijJAsA utpanna ho sakatI hai kintu satya ko apanI sAdhanA ke dvArA hI upalabdha kiyA jA sakatA hai / anekAMta ne usa sAdhanA kA patha prastuta kiyA hai| vaha hai RjutA, anAgraha / mahAvIra ne kahA---- satya use upalabdha hotA jo Rju hai / vaha jo jaisA hai use usI rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai; yathArtha ko apane pUrvAgraha ke sAMce meM DhAlane kA prayatna nahIM karatA; vastu-satya ke darpaNa ko apanI ruci aura saMskAra ke phrema meM mar3hane kA prayatna nahIM karatA, vastu- satya ke virodhI visaMgata pratIta hone vAle paryAyoM meM apane tarka bala se sAmaMjasya aura saMgati sthApita karane kA prayatna nahIM krtaa| yaha RjutA kI sAdhanA jhukAva - zUnyatA kI sAdhanA hai| vicAra - zUnyatA kI sAdhanA hai / Rju vyakti na mahAvIra ke prati jhukAva rakhatA hai aura na kisI dUsare ke prati / usakA mana aura mastiSka khAlI hotA hai, zUnya hotA hai| mahAvIra ne kahA vaha satya hai aura lAotse ne kahA vaha asatya hai, aisA bhAva usameM nahIM hotaa| vaha mahAvIra ke satyAMza ko mahAvIra ke deza, kAla, apekSA aura paristhitiyoM ke saMdarbha meM samajhane kA prayatna karatA hai | lAotse ke satya ko unake deza, kAla, apekSA aura paristhitiyoM ke saMdarbha meM samajhane kA prayatna karatA hai aura satya kI upalabdhi ke lie apanI sAdhanA Age bar3hAtA hai / satya kI khoja ke mArga meM jitane prazna, jitanI samasyAeM aura jitanI ulajhaneM haiM ve saba ekAMtavAdI logoM ne utpanna kI haiN| eka ekAMtavAdI vyakti 'ka' ke satyAMza ko pUrNa satya mAnakara 'kha' ke satyAMza ko asatyAMza batalAtA hai to dUsarA vyakti 'kha' ke satyAMza ko pUrNa satya mAnakara 'ka' ke satyAMza ko asatyAMza batalAtA hai / isa prakAra ve eka-dUsare ke satyAMza ko asatyAMza batalAkara satya kI khoja meM prazna paidA karate haiM / ve yathArtha ko yathArtha rUpa meM svIkAra karane ke lie taiyAra nahIM haiM / ve vacana-prAmANya yA zAstra - prAmANya se hI satya ko upalabdha karanA cAhate haiM / usake lie RjutA yA vicAra-zUnyatA kI sAdhanA karanA nahIM caahte| aise hI logoM ne satyAMzoM meM virodhAbhAsa dikhAkara satya kI anekarUpatA aura satyadarzI tapasviyoM kI paraspara visaMvAditA ke prazna ko ujAgara kiyA hai I 77

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pratyayavAda aura vastuvAda hamAre sAmane do jagat haiM--parama astitva aura apara astitv| pratyayavAdI (yA AdarzavAdI) dArzanika apara astitva ko vAstavika nahIM mAnate / unake matAnusAra cetanA se bAhara kucha nahIM hai / bhAratIya dArzanikoM meM isa siddhAMta kA pratipAdana vedAnta ne kiyaa| pazcimI dArzanikoM meM isa siddhAMta ke pratipAdaka kAnTa, phikTa, zeliMga, hegela, grIna, jemsa vArDa Adi dArzanika haiN| vastuvAdI dArzanika apara astitva ko vAstavika mAnate haiN| unake matAnusAra apara astitva cetanA-nirapekSa hai, svataMtra hai| bhAratIya dArzanikoM meM sAMkhya, vaizeSika aura bauddha darzana ne isa siddhAMta kA pratipAdana kiyaa| pazcimI dArzanikoM meM rIDa, haimilTana, barTeNDa rasala Adi dArzanika isake pratipAdaka haiN| jaina darzana ne pratyayavAda aura vastuvAda-ina donoM satyAMzoM kI sApekSa vyAkhyA kI hai| usa vyAkhyA kA pahalA sUtra pratyayavAdI dhAraNA meM saMzodhana prastuta karatA hai| cetanA se bAhara kucha nahIM hai, isakI apekSA yaha mAnanA adhika saMgata ho sakatA hai ki astitva se bAhara kucha nahIM hai| astitva ko eka ikAI banAyA jA sakatA hai, kintu cetanA ko eka ikAI nahIM banAyA jA sktaa| astitva meM cetana aura acetana--donoM kA samAhAra ho sakatA hai, kintu cetana meM acetana kA samAhAra nahIM ho sktaa| cetana aura acetana yaha do kI svIkRti pratyayavAda ko vastuvAda meM badala detI hai| acetana ko cetanA kA pratibimba mAnane meM aneka jaTilatAeM utpanna hotI haiN| astitva kI ekatA meM koI jaTilatA nahIM hai / cetanA vibhAjaka guNa hai| vaha cetana ko acetana se pRthak karatI hai / 'sAmAnya' saMyojaka guNa hai / vaha saba dravyoM meM samAnarUpa se vyApta rahatA hai / isalie vaha ekatA kA antima bindu hai / usa para pUrNa advaita kA siddhAMta phalita hotA hai| ata: pratyayavAdI dRSTikoNa bhI satyAMza hai / ___'hai' (sat) parama astitva hai / 'amuka hai'- yaha apara astitva hai / parama astitva meM koI vibhAjana nahIM hai, na dravya aura na pryaay| apara astitva meM vibhAjana hotA hai| usakI sImA meM dravya hai aura usake aneka prakAra haiN| paryAya haiM aura ve ananta

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pratyayavAda aura vastuvAda haiN| dravya meM do prakAra ke guNa samanvita hote haiM--sAmAnya aura vizeSa / ye eka-dUsare se kabhI pRthak nahIM hote| sAmAnyazUnya vizeSa aura vizeSazUnya sAmAnya kahIM bhI upalabdha nahIM hotA / sAmAnya guNa dravya ke astitva ko banAe rakhatA hai kintu usakI vizeSatA kA apaharaNa nahIM karatA / vizeSa guNa dravya kI svatantratA ko banAe rakhatA hai kintu usake astitva meM koI bhI bAdhA upasthita nahIM krtaa| jaba hama sAmAnya darzana kI dhArA meM hote haiM taba parama astitva ko dekhate haiM aura jaba hama vizeSa darzana kI dhArA meM hote haiM taba hama apara astitva ko dekhate haiN| yaha parama astitva aura parama astitva kA vibhAjana nahIM kintu hamAre darzana kA vibhAjana hai| hama eka sAtha donoM ko nahIM dekha sakate isalie jagat ko kabhI sAmAnya ke koNa se dekhate haiM aura kabhI vizeSa ke koNa se / sAmAnya ke koNa se dekhane para parama astitva kA satyAMza upalabdha hotA hai aura vizeSa ke koNa se dekhane para apara astitva kA satyAMza upalabdha hotA hai / isa sApekSa vyAkhyA meM na pratyayavAda vastuvAda kA virodhI hai aura na vastuvAda pratyayavAda kaa| pratyayavAda kA. dhyeya hai-kevala caitanya kI vAstavika sattA sthApita karanA aura vastuvAda kA dhyeya hai-caitanya se vasta kI svataMtratA sthApita krnaa| jJeya jJAtA se svatantra hai| yadi vaha jJAtA se svatantra na ho to jJAtA aura jJeya kA sambandha nahIM ho sktaa| sambandha do meM sthApita hotA hai| eka meM koI sambandha nahIM hotaa| jJeya kA astitva jJAtA ke jJAna para nirbhara nahIM hai| jJAtA ke jAnane ke kSaNoM meM vaha nirmita nahIM hotA aura jJAtA ke na jAnane ke kSaNoM meM vaha vilupta nahIM hotA / pratyayavAdiyoM kA tarka hai-jJeya svatantra ho to usakA anubhava sabako samAna. honA cAhie, kintu vaisA nahIM hotaa| eka hI vastu ko aneka loga aneka rUpoM meM jAnate-dekhate haiN| isa bheda kA kAraNa hamAre mana meM hai| yaha tarka bahuta gambhIra nahIM hai| hamArA jJAna sApekSa hotA hai / isalie eka vastu ko aneka loga aneka rUpoM meM jAnate-dekhate haiM / deza, kAla, vAtAvaraNa, ruci, pUrva-mAnyatA, jhukAva, mana kI grahaNazakti kA tAratamya Adi milakara sApekSatA kA nirmANa karate haiN| isa sApekSadRSTi se vastuvAdiyoM kA yaha satyAMza samarthita hotA hai ki vastu kI sattA hamAre mana meM nahIM hai| baTTaiNDa rasela kI yaha ukti mahattvapUrNa hai ki 'vRkSa hamAre mana meM nahIM hai / vRkSa kA vicAra mana meM hai, kintu vRkSa nhiiN|' vastu kI sattA mana se svatantra hone para hI usameM jJAtA aura jJeya kA sambandha ho sakatA hai| epha. sI. esa. zilara ne pratyayavAdI hote hae bhI ise svIkRti dI hai|

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80 unakA abhyupagama hai ki jisa prakAra vastu ke lie mana kI AvazyakatA hai usI prakAra mana ko manana karane ke lie vastu kI AvazyakatA hai / anekAnta darzana ne jAtyantara ke siddhAMta kI sthApanA kii| usakA tAtparya yaha hai ki bheda aura abheda jaisA svatantra guNa koI nahIM hai| jahAM bheda hai vahAM abheda hai aura jahAM abheda hai vahAM bheda / bhedAbheda hI vAstavika hai / jJAtA jJeya se sarvathA bhinna nahIM hai / yadi vaha jJeya se sarvathA bhinna ho to unameM jJAtA aura jJeya kA sambandha nahIM ho sakatA / yadi vaha sarvathA abhinna ho to bhI unameM jJAtA aura jJeya kA sambandha nahIM ho sakatA / ve bhinna-bhinna haiM / jJAtA aura jJeya kA astitva eka-dUsare para nirbhara nahIM hai, isalie ve svataMtra haiM / jJAtA aura jJeya kA sambandha parasparAzrita hai, isalie parasparAdhIna haiM / zeliMga' kA yaha tarka' viSayoM kI siddhi para unakI jJAtA AtmA kI siddhi aura jJAtA kI siddhi para unake jJeya viSayoM kI siddhi nirbhara hai, arthapUrNa nahIM hai / mUla AdhAra astitva hai / jJAtA aura jJeya eka sambandha haiM / astitva hone para sambandha hotA hai / sambandha se astitva nahIM hotA / 'honA' aura 'siddha honA' - donoM eka bAta nahIM haiM / paramANu ke siddha hone se pUrva vaha nahIM thA yaha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA / siddhi jJAna ke vikAsa para nirbhara hai, kintu astitva jJAna para nirbhara nahIM hai| usakI nirbharatA apane maulika guNoM para hai / hama kevala paudgalika vastu ko hI nahIM jAnate, cetana dravya ko bhI jAnate haiM / jJAtA cetana hI hotA hai, kintu use jJeya cetana aura acetana -- donoM ho sakate haiN| jaise paudgalika vastu jJAna se svataMtra hai vaise hI eka AtmA se dUsarI AtmAeM svataMtra haiN| AtmAeM aneka haiM / isalie jo AtmA dUsaroM kA jJAna karate samaya jJAtA hotI hai vaha dUsarI AtmA ke dvArA jJeya ho jAtI hai| paudgalika vastu meM kevala jJeya dharma hotA hai, kintu AtmA meM jJAtA aura jJeya - ye donoM dharma hote haiM / mahAn dArzanika kANTa kA yaha vAkya - 'vicAra ko vastu nahIM banAnA cAhie' jitanA satya hai utanA hI yaha satya hai ki 'vastu ko vicAra nahIM banAnA cAhie / ' anekAntavAda ne vicAra aura vastu -- donoM kI sApekSa vyAkhyA kI hai| parama astitva ke jagat meM vicAra aura kahIM hai| apara astitva ke jagat meM vicAra se vastu bhinna hai / pratyayavAdI zeliMga ne yaha svIkAra kiyA hai ki AtmA aura anAtmA eka-dUsare ke lie Avazyaka haiN| eka hI sthiti dUsare ke binA nahIM ho sktii|' isa svIkAra 1. pAzcAtya darzanoM kA itihAsa, pRSTha 174 | satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM *

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pratyayavAda aura vastuvAda 81 ko anekAntavAda kA samarthana milatA hai| usake anusAra jo sat hai vaha apratipakSa sahita hotA hai| pratipakSa ke binA pakSa kI siddhi nahIM ho sktii| isa sthiti meM vastuvAda bhI satyAMza hai| pratyayavAda aura vastuvAda eka-dUsare se nirapekSa hokara asatyAMza ho jAte haiM aura paraspara-sApekSa hokara satyAMza bana jAte haiM / parama astitva kI svIkRti ke binA vastu aura usake pArasparika sambandhoM ke mUla AdhAra kI vyAkhyA nahIM kI jA sktii| vastu kI svatantratA kI svIkRti ke binA viziSTa guNoM kI vyAkhyA nahIM kI jA sakatI / ina donoM kI sAmaMjasyapUrNa vyAkhyA parama astitva aura vastu kI svatantratA kI sApekSa svIkRti dvArA hI kI jA sakatI hai| 1. pAzcAtya darzanoM kA itihAsa, pRSTha 181 /

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM pariNAmi nitya AMdhI cala rahI hai| usameM jitanI zakti Aja hai, utanI hI kala hogI, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jo kala thI, usakA Aja honA jarUrI nahIM hai aura jo Aja hai usakA Ane vAle kala meM honA jarUrI nahIM hai / isa duniyA meM ekarUpatA ke lie koI avakAza nahIM hai / jisakA astitva hai, vaha bahurUpa hai| jo bAla Aja sapheda haiM, ve kabhI kAle rahe haiM / jo Aja kAle haiM, ve kabhI sapheda hone vAle haiN| ve ekarUpa nahIM raha sakate / kevala bAla hI kyA, duniyA kI koI bhI vastu ekarUpa nahIM raha sktii| jaina darzana ne anekarUpatA ke kAraNoM para gaharAI se vicAra kiyA hai, aMtarbodha se usakA darzana kiyA hai / vicAra aura darzana ke bAda eka siddhAMta kI sthApanA kii| usakA nAma hai 'pariNAmi-nityatvavAda' / isa siddhAMta ke anusAra vizva kA koI bhI tattva sarvathA nitya nahIM hai aura koI bhI tattva sarvathA anitya nahIM hai| pratyeka tattva nitya aura anitya--ina donoM dharmoM kI svAbhAvika samanviti hai / tattva kA astitva dhruva hai, isalie vaha nitya hai / dhruva pariNamana-zUnya nahIM hotA aura pariNamana dhruva-zUnya nahIM hotaa| isalie vaha anitya bhI hai| vaha ekarUpa meM utpanna hotA hai aura eka avadhi ke pazcAt usa rUpa se cyuta hokara dUsare rUpa meM badala jAtA hai| isa avasthA meM pratyeka tattva utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya--ina tIna dharmoM kA samavAya hai| utpAda aura vyaya-ye donoM pariNamana ke AdhAra banate haiM aura dhrauvya-unakA anvayI-sUtra hai / vaha utpAda kI sthiti meM bhI rahatA hai aura vyaya kI sthiti meM bhI rahatA hai / vaha donoM ko apane sAtha jor3e hue hai| jo rUpa utpanna ho rahA hai, vaha pahalI bAra hI nahIM ho rahA hai| aura jo naSTa ho rahA hai, vaha bhI pahalI bAra hI nahIM ho rahA hai / usase pahale vaha anaginata bAra utpanna ho cukA hai aura naSTa ho cukA hai| usake utpanna hone para astitva kA sRjana nahIM huA aura naSTa hone para usakA vinAza nahIM huaa| dhrauvya utpAda aura vyaya ko eka krama detA hai kintu astitva kI maulikatA meM koI antara nahIM Ane detaa| astitva kI maulikatA samApta nahIM hotii| isa bindu ko pakar3ane vAle 'kUTastha nitya' ke

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pariNAmi nitya siddhAMta kA pratipAdana karate haiM / astitva ke samudra meM hone vAlI urmiyoM ko pakar3ane vAle 'kSaNikavAda' ke siddhAMta kA pratipAdana karate haiN| jaina darzana ne ina donoM ko eka hI dhArA meM dekhA, isalie usane pariNAmi nityatvavAda ke siddhAMta kA pratipAdana kiyA / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne pratyeka tattva kI vyAkhyA pariNAmi nityatvavAda ke AdhAra para kii| usane pUchA- AtmA nitya hai yA anitya ? pudgala nitya hai yA anitya ? unhoMne eka hI uttara diyA- astitva kabhI samApta nahIM hotA / isa apekSA se ve nitya haiM / pariNamana kA krama kabhI avaruddha nahIM hotA, isa dRSTi se ve anitya haiM / samagratA kI bhASA meM ve na nitya haiM aura na anitya, kintu nityAnitya haiM / 1 tattva meM do prakAra ke dharma hote haiM-- sahabhAvI aura kramabhAvI / sahabhAvI dharma tattva kI sthiti ke aura kramabhAvI dharma usakI gatizIlatA ke sUcaka hote haiM sahabhAvI dharma 'guNa' aura kramabhAvI dharma 'paryAya' kahalAte haiM / jaina darzana kA prasiddha sUtra hai ki dravya-zUnya paryAya aura paryAya- zUnya dravya nahIM ho sktaa| eka jaina manISI ne kUTasthanityavAdiyoM se pUchA- paryAya - zUnya dravya kisane dekhA ? kahAM dekhA ? kaba dekhA ? kisa rUpa meM dekhA ? koI batAye to shii| unhoMne aisA hI prazna kSaNikavAdiyoM se pUchA ki ve batAeM to sahI ki dravya - zUnya paryAya kisane dekhA ? kahAM dekhA ? kaba dekhA ? kisa rUpa meM dekhA ? avasthAvihIna, avasthAvAn aura avasthAnvihIna avasthAeM meM donoM tathya ghaTita nahIM ho skte| jo ghaTanA krama cala rahA hai, usake pIche koI sthAI tattva hai| ghaTanA krama usI meM cala rahA hai / vaha usase bAhara nahIM hai| tAlAba meM eka kaMkara pheMkA aura taraMgeM uThIM / tAlAba kA rUpa badala gayA / jo jala zAMta thA, vaha kSubdha ho gayA, taraMgita ho gayA / taraMga jala meM hai / jala meM bhinna taraMga kA koI astitva nahIM hai| jala meM taraMga uThatI hai isalie hama kaha sakate haiN| ki tAlAba taraMgita ho gyaa| taraMgita honA eka ghaTanA hai| vaha vizeSa avasthAvAna meM ghaTita hotI hai / jalAzaya nahIM hai to jala nahIM hai| jala nahIM hai to taraMga nahIM hai / taraMga kA honA jala ke hone para nirbhara hai / jala ho aura taraMga na ho--aisA bhI nahIM ho sakatA / jala kA honA taraMga hone ke sAtha jur3A huA hai| jala aura taraMga -- donoM eka-dUsare meM nihita haiM-- jala meM taraMga aura taraMga meM jala / dravya paryAya kA AdhAra hotA hai| vaha avyakta hotA hai, paryAya vyakta / hama dravya kahAM dekha pAte haiM / hama dekhate haiM paryAya ko / hamArA jitanA jJAna hai, vaha paryAya kA jJAna hai / mere sAmane eka manuSya hai / vaha eka dravya hai / maiM use nahIM jAna sakatA / 83

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM maiM usake aneka paryAyoM meM se eka paryAya ko jAnatA hUM aura usake mAdhyama se yaha jAnatA hUM ki yaha manuSya hai| jaba AMkha se use dekhatA hUM to usakI AkRti aura varNa-ina do paryAyoM ke AdhAra para use manuSya kahatA hUM / kAna se usakA zabda sunatA hUM, taba use zabda-paryAya ke AdhAra para manuSya kahatA hUM / usakI samagratA ko maiM bhI nahIM pakar3a paataa| Ama ko kabhI maiM rUpa-paryAya se jAnatA haM, kabhI gaMdha-paryAya se aura kabhI rasa-paryAya se| kintu saba paryAyoM se eka sAtha jAnane kA mere pAsa koI sAdhana nahIM hai| AMkha jaba rUpa ko dekhatI hai to gaMdha aura rasa Adi paryAya nIce cale jAte haiN| gaMdha kA paryAya jaba jAnA jAtA hai taba rUpa kA paryAya nIce calA jAtA hai| isa samagratA ke sandarbha meM maiM kahatA hUM ki maiM dravya ko nahIM dekhatA hUM, kevala paryAyoM ko dekhatA hUM aura paryAya ke AdhAra para dravya kA bodha karatA huuN| hamArA payAya kA jagat bahata lambA-caur3A hai aura dravya kA jagat bahuta choTA hai / eka dravya aura ananta paryAya / pratyeka dravya paryAyoM ke valaya se ghirA huA hai| pratyeka dravya paryAyoM ke paTala meM chipA huA hai| usakA bodha kara dravya ko dekhanA indriya jJAna ke lie sambhava nahIM hai| pariNamana svabhAva se bhI hotA hai aura prayoga se bhii| svAbhAvika pariNamana astitva kI Antarika vyavasthA se hotA hai| prAyogika pariNamana dUsare ke nimitta se ghaTita hotA hai| nimitta milane para hI pariNamana hotA hai, aisI bAta nahIM hai| pariNamana kA krama nirantara cAlU rahatA hai| kAla usakA mukhya hetu hai| vaha (kAla) pratyeka astitva kA eka AyAma hai| vaha pariNamana kA AMtarika hetu hai isalie pratyeka astitva meM vyApta hokara vaha astitva ko pariNamanazIla rakhatA hai / svAbhAvika pariNamana sUkSma hotA hai / vaha indriyoM kI pakar3a meM nahIM AtA, isalie astitva meM hone vAle sUkSma parivartanoM kI indriya jJAna ke stara para vyAkhyA nahIM kI jA sktii| jIva aura pudgala ke pArasparika nimittoM se jo sthUla parivartana ghaTita hotA hai, hama usa parivartana ko dekhate haiM aura usake kArya-kAraNa kI vyAkhyA karate haiN| koI AdamI bImArI se maratA hai, koI coTa se, koI AghAta se aura koI dUsare ke dvArA mArane para maratA hai| bImArI nahIM, coTa nahIM, AghAta nahIM aura koI mArane vAlA bhI nahIM, phira bhI vaha mara jAtA hai| jo janmA hai, usakA maranA nizcita hai| mRtyu eka parivartana hai| jIvana meM usakI AMtarika vyavasthA nihita hai| manuSya janma ke pahale kSaNa meM hI marane laga jAtA hai| jo pahale kSaNa meM nahIM maratA, vaha phira kabhI nahIM mara sktaa| jo eka kSaNa amara raha jAe phira usakI mRtyu nahIM ho sktii| bAharI

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pariNAmi nitya nimitta se hone vAlI mauta kI vyAkhyA bahuta sarala hai| zArIrika aura mAnasika kSati se hone vAlI mauta kI vyAkhyA usase kaThina hai| kintu pUrNa svastha dazA meM hone vAlI mauta kI vyAkhyA vaijJAnika yA atIndriya jJAna ke stara para hI kI jA sakatI hai| __kucha dArzanika sRSTi kI vyAkhyA IzvarIya racanA ke AdhAra para karate haiN| kintu jaina darzana usakI vyAkhyA jIvana aura padla ke svAbhAvika pariNamana ke AdhAra para karatA hai| sRjana, vikAsa yA pralaya-jo kucha bhI ghaTita hotA hai, vaha jIva aura pudgala kI pArasparika pratikriyAoM se ghaTita hotA hai| kAla donoM kA sAtha detA hI hai| vyakta ghaTanAoM meM bAharI nimitta bhI apanA yoga dete haiN| sRSTi kA avyakta aura vyakta-samagra parivartana usake apane astitva meM svayaM sannihita hai| pariNamana sAmudAyika aura vaiyaktika-donoM stara para hotA hai / pAnI meM cInI gholI aura vaha mIThA ho gyaa| yaha sAmudAyika parivartana hai| AkAza meM bAdala maMDarAe aura eka vizeSa avasthA kA nirmANa ho gyaa| bhinna-bhinna paramANu-skaMdha mile aura bAdala bana gyaa| kucha pariNamana dravya ke apane astitva meM hI hote haiN| astitvagata jitane pariNamana hote haiM, ve saba vaiyaktika hote haiM, pAMca astikAya (astitva) haiN| dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya aura AkAzAstikAya meM svAbhAvika parivartana hI hotA hai / jIva aura pudgala meM svAbhAvika aura prAyogika-donoM prakAra ke parivartana hote haiN| inakA svAbhAvika parivartana vaiyaktika hI hotA hai| kintu prayogika parivartana sAmudAyika bhI hotA hai| jitanA sthUla jagat hai vaha saba ina do dravyoM ke sAmudAyika parivartana dvArA hI nirmita hai| jo kucha dRzya hai, use jIvoM ne apane zarIra ke rUpa meM rUpAyita kiyA hai| ise ina zabdoM meM bhI prastuta kiyA jA sakatA hai ki hama jo kacha dekha rahe haiM vaha yA to jIvaccharIra haiM yA jIvoM dvArA vyakta zarIra hai| ___ pratyeka astitva kA pracaya (kAya, pradeza rAzi) hotA hai| pudgala ko chor3akara zeSa cAra astitvoM kA pracaya svabhAvata: avibhakta hai / usameM saMghaTana aura vighaTana-ye donoM ghaTita hote haiM / eka paramANu kA dUsare paramANuoM ke sAtha yoga hone para skandha ke rUpa meM rUpAntaraNa ho jAtA hai aura usa skandha ke sAre paramANu viyukta hokara kevala paramANu raha jAte haiN| vAstavika artha meM sAmudAyika pariNamana pudgala meM hI hotA hai / dRzya astitva kevala pudgala hI hotA hai / jagat ke nAnArUpa usI ke mAdhyama se nirmita hote haiM / yaha jagat eka raMgamaMca hai| usa para koI abhinaya kara rahA hai to

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satya kI khoja : anekAsa ke Aloka meM I vaha pudgala hI hai / vahI vividha rUpoM meM pariNata hokara hamAre sAmane prastuta hotA hai / usameM jIva kA bhI yoga hotA hai, kintu usakA mukhya pAtra pudgala hI hai / | astitva meM parivartita hone kI kSamatA hai| jisameM parivartita hone kI kSamatA nahIM hotI, vaha dUsare kSaNa meM apanI sattA ko banAe nahIM rakha sakatA / astitvaM dUsare kSaNa meM rahane ke lie usake anurUpa apane Apa meM parivartana karatA hai aura tabhI vaha dUsare kSaNa meM apanI sattA ko banAe rakha sakatA hai| eka paramANu anantagunA kAlA hai / vahI paramANu ekagunA kAlA ho jAtA hai| jo ekagunA kAlA hotA hai, vaha kabhI anantagunA kAlA ho jAtA hai / yaha parivartana bAhara se nahIM aataa| yaha dravyagata parivartana hai / isameM bhI anantaguNahIna aura anantaguNa adhika tAratamya hotA rahatA / anantakAla ke ananta kSaNoM aura ananta ghaTanAoM meM kisI bhI dravya ko apanA astitva banAe rakhane ke lie ananta pariNamana karanA Avazyaka haiN| yadi usakA pariNamana ananta na ho to anantakAla meM vaha apane astitva ko banAe nahIM rakha 1 haiM 86 sakatA / astitva meM ananta dharma hote haiM, kucha avyakta aura kucha vyakta / prazna huA ki kyA ghAsa meM ghI hai ? isakA uttara hogA ghAsa meM ghI hai, kintu vyakta nahIM hai / kyA dUdha meM ghI hai? dUdha meM ghI hai, para pUrNa vyakta nahIM hai| dUdha ko biloyA yA dahI banAkara biloyA, ghI nikala AyA / avyakta dharma vyakta ho gayA / dravya meM 'ogha' aura 'samucita' - ye do prakAra kI zaktiyAM kAma karatI haiN| 'ogha' niyAmaka zakti hai / usake AdhAra para kAraNa-kArya ke niyama kI sthApanA kI jAtI hai / kAraNa kArya ke anurUpa hI hotA hai / kAraNa avyakta rahatA hai, kArya vyakta hotA hai / aba Apa pUcheM ki ghAsa meM ghI hai yA nahIM? to uttara hogA - 'ogha' zakti kI dRSTi se hai, kintu 'samucita' zakti kI dRSTi se nahIM hai| pudgala dravya meM varNa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza- ye cAroM milate haiM / gulAba ke phUla meM jitanI sugaMdha hai, utanI hI durgandha hai| kiMtu usameM sugaMdha vyakta hai aura durgandha avyakta / cInI jitanI mIThI hai, utanI hI kar3avI hai / kiMtu usameM miThAsa vyakta hai aura kar3avAhaTa avyakta | sar3Ana meM jitanI durgandha hai, utanI sugandha bhI chipI huI hai| rAjA jitazatru nagara se bAhara jA rahA thaa| maMtrI subuddhi usake sAtha thA / eka khAI aaii| usameM jala bharA thaa| vaha kUr3e-karakaTa se gaMdA ho rahA thA / usameM mRta pazuoM ke kalevara sar3a rahe the| dUra taka durgandha phUTa rahI thI / rAjA ne kapar3A nikAlA aura nAka ko dabA liyA / 'kitanI durgandha A rahI hai / ' rAjA ne maMtrI kI ora mur3akara kahA / maMtrI tattvavettA thA / usane

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pariNAmi nitya kahA--'mahArAja ! yaha pudgaloM kA svabhAva hai|' usane rAjA ke bhAva kI tIvratA ko apanI bhAvabhaMgI se maMda kara diyaa| bAta vahIM samApta ho gii| kucha dina bAda maMtrI ne rAjA ko apane ghara bhojana ke lie nimantrita kiyaa| bhojana ke madhya rAjA ne pAnI pIyA-atyanta nirmala, atyanta madhura aura atyanta sugandhita / rAjA bolA-'maMtrI ! yaha pAnI tuma kahAM se lAte ho? icchA hotI hai eka gilAsa aura piiuuN| maiM tumheM abhinna mAnatA hUM, kintu tuma mujhe vaisA nahIM mAnate / tuma itanA acchA pAnI pIte ho, mujhe kabhI nahIM pilAte / ' maMtrI muskarAyA aura bolA---'mahArAja ! yaha pAnI usa khAI se lAtA hUM, jahAM Apane nAka-bhauM sikor3I thI aura kapar3e se nAka DhaMkI thii|' rAjA ne kahA- 'yaha nahIM ho sktaa| yaha pAnI usa khAI kA kaise ho sakatA hai?' maMtrI apanI bAta para aTala rahA / rAjA ne usakA pramANa caahaa| maMtrI ne usa khAI kA pAnI mNgvaayaa| rAjA kI dekha-rekha meM sArI prakriyAeM calIM aura vaha pAnI vaisA hI nirmala, madhura aura sugaMdhita ho gayA jaisA rAjA ne maMtrI ke ghara pIyA thaa| kevala pAnI hI kyA, hara vastu badalatI hai / pariNamana kA cakra calatA rahatA hai, vastueM badalatI rahatI haiM / 'ogha' zakti kI dRSTi se hama kisI paudgalika padArtha ko kAlA yA pIlA, khaTTA yA mIThA, sugaMdhamaya yA durgaMdhamaya, cikanA yA rUkhA, ThaMDA yA garma, halkA yA bhArI, mRdu yA karkaza nahIM kaha sakate / eka nIma ke patte meM ve sAre dharma vidyamAna haiM jo duniyA meM hote haiN| kintu 'samucita' zakti kI dRSTi se aisA nahIM hai| usake AdhAra para dekheM to nIma kA pattA harA hai, cikanA hai| usakI apanI eka sugaMdha hai| vaha halkA hai aura mRdu hai / hamArA jitanA darzana hai, vaha Anubhavika aura prAtyayika hai| paryAya-parivartana ke dvArA vastuoM meM bahuta sArI bAteM ghaTita hotI haiN| unameM UrjA kI vRddhi aura hAni bhI hai / UrjA pariNamana ke dvArA hI prakaTa hotI hai| suprasiddha vaijJAnika AinsTIna ne isa siddhAMta kA pratipAdana kiyA ki dravya (Mass) ko zakti (Energy) meM aura zakti ko dravya meM badalA jA sakatA hai / isa dravyamAna, dravya-saMhati aura zakti ke samIkaraNa ke siddhAMta kI vyAkhyA pariNAmi-nityavAda ke dvArA hI kI jA sakatI hai| AinsTIna se pahale vaijJAnika jagat meM yaha mAnA jAtA thA ki dravya ko zakti meM aura zakti ko dravya meM nahIM badalA jA sktaa| donoM svatantra haiN| kiMtu AinsTIna ke bAda yaha siddhAMta badala gyaa| yaha mAnA jAne lagA ki dravya aura zakti-ye donoM bhinna nahIM kintu eka hI vastu ke rUpAMtaraNa haiM / eka pauMDa koyalA leM aura usakI dravya-saMhati ko zakti meM badaleM to do araba kilovATa kI vidyuta

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88 zakti prApta ho sakatI hai / jaina darzana ke anusAra dravya meM ananta zakti hai / vaha dravya cAhe jIva ho yA pudgala / kAla kI ananta - dhArA meM vahI dravya apanA astitva rakha sakatA hai jisameM ananta zakti hotI hai / vaha zakti pariNamana ke dvArA prakaTa hotI rahatI hai / Aja ke vaijJAnika jagat meM jitanA prayoga ho rahA hai, usakA kSetra paugalika jagat hai / paudgalika vastu ko usa sthiti meM le jAyA jA sakatA hai, jahAM usakI sthUlatA samApta ho jAe, usakA dravya-mAna yA dravya-saMhati samApta ho jAe aura use zakti ke rUpa meM badala diyA jAe / I jaina darzana ne dravyArthika aura paryAyArthika--- ina do nayoM se vizva kI vyAkhyA kI hai / hama vizva ko abheda kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM taba hamAre sAmane dravya hotA hai / yaha nIma, makAna, AdamI, pazu-ye dravya hI dravya hamAre sAmane prastuta haiM / hama vizva ko jaba bheda yA vistAra kI dRSTi se dekhate haiM taba vaha dravya lupta ho jAtA hai / hamAre sAmane hotA hai - paryAya aura paryAya / pariNamana aura pariNamana / AdamI kauna hotA hai ? AdamI koI dravya nahIM hai| AdamI hai kahAM ? Apa sArI duniyA meM DhUMDheM, AdamI nAma kA koI dravya Apako nahIM milegA / AdamI eka paryAya hai| nIma koI dravya nahIM hai / vaha eka paryAya hai| duniyA meM jitanI vastuoM ko hama dekha rahe haiM, ve sArI kI sArI paryAyeM haiM, hama paryAya ko dekha rahe haiM / dravya hamAre sAmane nahIM AtA / vaha AMkhoM se ojhala rahatA hai / isa satya ko AcArya hemacandra ne ina zabdoM meM prakaTa kiyA thA aparyayaM vastu samasyamAnamadravyametacca vivicyamAnaM / ' satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM - hama abheda ke paripArzva meM caleM to paryAya lupta ho jAegA, bacegA dravya / hamArI duniyA bahuta choTI ho jaaegii| vistAra zUnya ho jaaegii| hama bheda ke paripArzva meM caleM to dravya lupta ho jAegA, bacegA paryAya / hamArI duniyA bahuta bar3I ho jAegI / bheda abheda ko nigala jaaegaa| kevala vistAra aura vistAra / pariNamana ke jagat meM jaisA jIva hai, vaisA hI pudgala hai / kintu isa vizva meM jitanI abhivyakti pudgala dravya kI hai, utanI kisI meM nahIM hai| apane rUpa ko badala dene kI kSamatA jitanI pudgala meM hai, utanI kisI meM nahIM hai / hamAre jagat meM vyakta paryAya kA AdhArabhUta dravya yadi koI hai to vaha pudgala hI hai / 1

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tattvavAda isa jagat meM jo hai vaha tattva hai, jo nahIM hai vaha tattva nahIM hai / honA hI tattva hai, nahIM honA tattva nahIM hai / tattva kA artha hai-honaa| vizva ke sabhI dArzanikoM aura tattvavettAoM ne astitva para vicAra kiyaa| unhoMne na kevala usa para vicAra kiyA, usakA vargIkaraNa bhI kiyaa| darzana kA mukhya kArya hai-tattvoM kA vargIkaraNa / naiyAyika, vaizeSika, mImAMsA aura advaita-ye mukhya vaidika darzana haiN| naiyAyika solaha tattva mAnate haiM / vaizeSika ke anusAra tattva chaha haiN| mImAMsA karma-pradhAna darzana hai| usakA tAttvika vargIkaraNa bahuta sUkSma nahIM hai| advaita ke anusAra pAramArthika tattva eka parama brahma hai| sAMkhya prAcInakAla meM zramaNa-darzana thA aura vartamAna meM vaidika darzana meM vilIna hai / usake anusAra tattva pacIsa haiM / carvAka darzana ke anusAra tattva cAra haiN| . ____ mAluMkAputra bhagavAn buddha kA ziSya thaa| usane buddha se pUchA-marane ke bAda kyA hotA hai ? AtmA hai yA nahIM? yaha vizva sAnta hai yA ananta ?' buddha ne kahA- 'yaha jAnakara tumheM kyA karanA hai?' usane kahA-'kyA karanA hai, yaha jAnanA cAhate haiM ?' mujhe Apa unakA uttara deM aura yadi uttara nahIM dete haiM to maiM darzana ko chor3a dUsare darzana meM jAne kI bAta socUM / yA to Apa kaheM ki maiM ina viSayoM ko nahIM jAnatA aura yadi jAnate haiM to mujhe uttara deM / maiM satya ko jAnane ke lie Apake zAsana meM dIkSita huA thA, kintu mujhe merI jijJAsA kA uttara nahIM mila rahA hai|' buddha ne kahA- 'maiMne kaba kahA thA ki maiM saba praznoM ke uttara dUMgA aura tuma mere mArga meM cale aao|' mAluMkAputra bolA-'Apane kahA to nahIM thaa|' buddha ne kahA--'phira tuma mujhe AMkheM kyoM dikhA rahe ho? dekho, eka vyakti ko dUsare vyakti ne bANa mArA / vaha bANa se biMdha gyaa| aba koI vyakti AtA hai,

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM vaidya AtA hai aura kahatA hai bANa ko nikAleM aura ghAva ko ThIka kreN| kintu vaha vyakti kahatA hai ki maiM taba taka bANa nahIM nikalavAUMgA jaba taka ki yaha patA na laga jAe ki bANa kisane pheMkA hai ? pheMkane vAlA kitanA lambA-caur3A hai ? vaha kitanA zaktizAlI hai? vaha kisa varNa kA hai ? bANa kyoM pheMkA gayA? kisa dhanuSa se pheMkA gayA? vaha dhanuSa kaisA hai ? tUNIra kaisA hai ? pratyaMcA kaisI hai? ye sArI bAteM mujhe jaba taka jJAta nahIM ho jAtI, taba taka maiM isa bANa ko nahIM niklvaauuNgaa| bolo isakA artha kyA hogA?' mAlukAputra bolA-'vaha mara jaaegaa| bANa ke nikAlane se pahale hI mara jaaegaa| vaha jIvita nahIM raha skegaa|' buddha ne kahA--'isIlie maiM kahatA hUM ki bANa ko nikAlane kI jarUrata hai| bANa kisane banAyA, kahAM se AyA, kisa prakAra se pheMkA gayA, kisa dhanuSa se pheMkA gayA, ina kalpanAoM meM ulajhane kI tumheM koI jarUrata nahIM hai / jina bAtoM meM ulajhane kI jarUrata hai unhIM meM ulajho / duHkha kyA hai ? duHkha kA hetu kyA hai ? nirvANa kyA hai aura nirvANa kA hetu kyA hai ? ye cAra Arya-satya kyA haiM? inhIM ko jAnane kA prayatna kro| pUrva-pratipAdita vargIkaraNa aura mImAMsAoM ke saMdarbha meM maiM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA tAttvika vargIkaraNa kA vizleSaNa kruuNgaa| prArambha meM eka dhArA kI ora maiM iMgita karanA cAhatA hUM / vartamAna yuga ke kucha itihAsajJa aura kucha dArzanika jaina darzana ko vaizeSika, sAMkhya Adi darzanoM kA RNI mAnate haiN| kucha vidvAn likhate haiM ki paramANuvAda maharSi kaNAda kI dena hai| jaina darzana ne usakA anukaraNa kiyA hai / kucha vidvAna likhate haiM--jaina darzana sAMkhya darzana kA hI rUpAntara hai| usakA tattvavAda maulika nahIM hai / ye dhAraNAeM kyoM calatI haiM? inakA rahasya khojanA jarUrI hai| ve vidvAn lekhaka yA to itihAsa ke kakSa taka pahuMcane kA tIvra prayatna nahIM karate yA ve sAmpradAyika bhAvanA ko puSTa karane kA prayatna kara rahe haiN| donoM meM se eka bAta avazya hai| mAlika ne naukara se kahA--'jAo, bagIce meM pAnI sIMca aao|' naukara bolA- 'mahAzaya ! isakI jarUrata nahIM hai| varSA ho rahI hai taba pAnI sIMcakara kyA karUM?' mAlika ne kahA- 'varSA se Darate ho to chAtA le jaao| pAnI to sIMcanA hI hogaa|' aba Apa dekhiye, varSA ho rahI hai, phira pAnI sIMcane kI kyA jarUrata hai ? koI nhiiN| kintu mAlika kaha rahA hai ki varSA ho rahI hai to hone do| bhIMgane

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tasvavAda kA Dara lagatA hai to chAtA le jaao| para pAnI sIMcanA hI hogaa| usake sAmane chAte kI upayogitA hai / vaha usI ko samajha rahA hai| varSA se jo sahaja siMcana ho rahA hai, use yA to vaha samajha nahIM pA rahA hai yA jAna-bUjhakara nakAra rahA hai| mujhe lagatA hai ki yaha eka pravAha hai ki chAte kI bAta sujhAI jA rahI hai aura pAnI svayaM siMcita ho rahA hai, use svIkRta nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai / maharSi kaNAda ne vaizeSika sUtra bhagavAn mahAvIra ke bAda likhA thA / sAMkhya darzana kA vikAsa bhagavAn pArzva ke bAda aura bhagavAn mahAvIra ke Asa-pAsa huA thA / kintu tattva ke viSaya meM sAMkhya aura jaina darzana kA dRSTikoNa svatantra hai / isalie tattva ke vargIkaraNa meM sAMkhya darzana jaina darzana kA AbhArI hai yA jaina darzana sAMkhya darzana kA AbhArI hai, yaha nahIM kahA jA sktaa| sAMkhya darzana sRSTivAdI haiM aura sRSTivAdI kI kalpanA usake tAttvika vargIkaraNa ke sAtha jur3I huI hai| jaina darzana dravya-paryAyavAdI hai / usake vargIkaraNa meM kucha tattva aise haiM jo sAMkhya ke prakRti aura puruSa - ina donoM se sarvathA bhinna haiM / 91 bhagavAn mahAvIra ne pAMca astikAoM kA pratipAdana kiyaa| rAjagRha ke bAhara guNazilaka nAma kA caitya thA / usakI thor3I dUrI para parivrAjakoM kA eka 'Avasatha' thaa| usameM kAlodAyI Adi aneka parivrAjaka rahate the| eka bAra bhagavAn mahAvIra rAjagRha padhAre, guNazilaMka meM tthhre| rAjagRha meM 'madduka' nAma kA zramaNopAsaka rahatA thaa| vaha bhagavAn ko vandanA karane ke A rahA thaa| parivrAjakoM ne use dekhA, apane pAsa bulAyA aura kahA - 'tumhAre dharmAcArya zramaNa mahAvIra pAMca astikAoM kA pratipAdana karate haiM / tuma jAnate ho, dekhate ho ?' madduka ne kahA- 'jo padArtha kArya karatA hai, use hama jAnate haiM, dekhate haiM, aura jo padArtha kArya nahIM karatA, use hama nahIM jAnate, nahIM dekhte|' parivrAjaka bole- 'tuma kaise zramaNaposaka hue jo tuma apane dharmAcArya ke dvArA pratipAdita astikAoM ko nahIM jAnate, nahIM dekhate / ' unakA vyaMgya suna madduka bolA 'AyuSman ! kyA havA cala rahI hai ? ' 'hAM, cala rahI hai / ' 'kyA calatI huI havA kA Apa rUpa dekha rahe haiM ? ' 'nahIM / ' 'AyuSman ! hama havA ko nahIM dekhate kintu hilate hue pattoM ko dekhakara hama

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92 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM jAna lete haiM ki havA cala rahI hai|' 'phUloM kI bhInI sugandha A rahI hai|' 'hAM, A rahI hai|' 'sugandha ke paramANu hamArI nAsA meM praviSTa ho rahe haiM ?' 'hAM, ho rahe haiN|' 'kyA Apa nAsA meM praviSTa sugandha ke paramANuoM kA rUpa dekha rahe haiM ?' 'nahIM !' 'AyuSman ! araNi kI lakar3I meM agni hai?' 'hAM, hai|' 'kyA Apa araNi meM chipI huI agni kA rUpa dekha rahe haiM?' 'nhiiN|' 'AyuSman ! kyA samudra ke usa pAra rUpa hai ?' 'hAM, haiN|' 'kyA Apa samudra ke pAravartI rUpoM ko dekha rahe haiM ?' 'nhiiN|' 'AyuSman ! maiM yA Apa, koI bhI parokSadarzI sUkSma, vyavahita aura dUravartI vastu ko nahIM jAnatA, nahIM dekhatA kintu vaha saba nahIM hotA, aisA nahIM hai| hamAre jJAna kI apUrNatA dravya ke astitva ko miTA nahIM sktii| yadi maiM pAMcoM astikAyoM ko sAkSAt nahIM jAnatA-dekhatA, isakA artha yaha nahIM hotA hai ki ve nahIM haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne pratyakSa jJAna dvArA unakA sAkSAt kiyA hai, unheM jAnA-dekhA hai, isalie ve unakA pratipAdana kara rahe haiN|' isa prasaMga se jAnA jA sakatA hai ki paMcAstikAya kA vargIkaraNa anya-tIrthikoM ke lie kutuhala kA viSaya thaa| isa viSaya meM ve jAnate nahIM the| unhoMne isa viSaya meM kabhI sunA-par3hA nahIM thaa| yaha unake lie sarvathA nayA viSaya thaa| madduka ke tarkapUrNa uttara se bhI ve astikAya kA marma samajha nahIM pAe / kucha dina bAda, phira parivrAjakoM kI goSThI judd'ii| usameM kAladAyI, zailodAyI, zaivAlodAyI Adi aneka parivrAjaka sammilita the| unameM phira mahAvIra ke paMcAstikAya para carcA calI / kAlodAyI ne kahA-'zramaNa mahAvIra pAMca astikAyoM kA pratipAdana karate haiM-- dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya, jIvAstikAya aura

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tattvavAda pudgalAstikAya / ve kahate haiM ki cAra astikAya ajIva haiM, eka jIvAstikAya jIva hai| cAra astikAya amUrta haiM, eka pudgalAstikAya mUrta hai yaha kaise ho sakatA hai ? usa samaya bhagavAn mahAvIra ke jyeSTha ziSya gautama rAjagRha se guNazilaka caitya kI ora jA rahe the| una parivrAjakoM ne gautama ko dekhA aura ve paraspara bole--'dekho, ve gautama jA rahe haiN| mahAvIra kA inase adhika adhikRta vyakti kauna milegA? acchA hai hama unake pAsa caleM aura apanI jijJAsA ko unake sAmane rkheN|' usa samaya eka saMnyAsI dUsare saMnyAsI ke pAsa muktabhAva se calA jAtA, bulA letA, apane sthAna meM AmaMtrita kara letA--isameM koI kaThinAI nahIM thii| muktabhAva aura mukta vAtAvaraNa thaa| isalie parivrAjakoM ko gautama ke pAsa jAne meM koI kaThinAI nahIM hii| ve saba uThe aura gautama ke pAsa pahaMca ge| unhoMne kahA-'tamhAre dharmAcArya ne paMcAstikAya kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| kyA yaha yukti-saMgata hai?' gautama ne unase kahA-'AyuSman parivrAjako ! hama asti ko nAsti nahIM kahate aura nAsti ko asti nahIM kahate / hama sampUrNa astibhAva ko asti kahate haiM aura sampUrNa nAstibhAva ko nAsti kahate haiN| tuma svayaM isa para manana karo aura ise dhyAna se dekho|' gautama parivrAjakoM ko saMkSipta uttara dekara Age cale ge| kAlodAyI ne socA-paMcAstikAya ke viSaya meM hamane maduka ko pUchA, phira gautama ko pUchA / unhoMne apane-apane DhaMga se uttara bhI die / para jaba mahAvIra svayaM yahAM upasthita haiM taba kyoM na hama mahAvIra se hI usa viSaya meM pUche ? kAlodAyI ke paira bhI mahAvIra kI dizA meM bar3ha ge| usa samaya bhagavAn mahAkathA kara rahe the / kAlodAyI vahAM phuNcaa| bhagavAna ne use dekhakara kahA-kAlodAyI ! tuma loga goSThI kara rahe the aura usa goSThI meM mere dvArA pratipAdita paMcAstikAya ke viSaya meM carcA kara rahe the| kyoM, yaha ThIka hai na?' 'hAM, bhaMte ! vaisA hI hai jaisA kaha rahe haiN|' 'kAlodAyI ! tumhArI jijJAsA hai ki maiM paMcAstikAya kA pratipAdana karatA hUM, vaha kaise? kAlodAyI ! tumhArI batAo, paMcAstikAya hai yA nahIM? yaha prazna kisako hotA hai, cetana ko yA acetana ko? AtmA ko yA anAtmA ko ?' 'bhaMte ! AtmA ko hotA hai|' 'kAlodAyI ! jise tuma AtmA kahate ho use maiM jIvAstikAya kahatA hUM / jIva cetanAmaya pradezoM kA avibhakta kAya hai, isalie maiM jIvAstikAya kahatA huuN|'

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94 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM 'kAlodAyI ! kyA tuma jAnate ho ki machalI pAnI meM tairatI hai?' 'hAM bhaMte ! jAnatA huuN|' 'tairane kI zakti machalI meM hai yA pAnI meM ?' 'bhaMte ! tairane kI zakti machalI meM hai|' 'to kyA vaha pAnI binA taira sakatI hai?' 'nahIM, bhaMte ! aisA nahIM ho sktaa|' 'machalI ko tairane ke lie pAnI kI apekSA hai, usI prakAra jIva aura pudgala ko gati karane ke lie tattva kI apekSA hai| jo dravya jIva aura pudgala kI gati meM apekSita sahayoga karatA hai, use maiM dharmAstikAya kahatA huuN| ___ machalI pAnI ke bAhara AtI hai aura bhUmi para A sthira ho jAtI hai| sthira hone kI zakti machalI meM hai kintu bhUmi use sthira hone meM sahArA detI hai / jIva aura pudgala meM sthiti kI zakti hai| unakI sthiti meM jo apekSita sahayoga karatA hai, usa sthiti-tattva ko maiM adharmAstikAya kahatA huuN| __ 'gati-tattva aura sthiti-tattva donoM astikAya haiM / inakI avibhakta pradeza-rAzi AkAza ke bRhad bhAga meM phailI huI hai| AkAza ke jisa khaNDa meM ye haiM, vahAM gati hai, spandana hai, jIvana hai aura parivartana hai| isa AkAza-khaNDa ko maiM loka kahatA huuN| isase pare jo AkAza-khaNDa hai, use maiM aloka' kahatA huuN| loka kA AkAza-khaNDa sAMta hai, sasIma hai / aloka kA AkAza-khaNDa ananta hai, asIma hai / _ 'tuma dekha rahe ho ki yaha per3a, yaha manuSya, yaha makAna kahIM na kahIM Tike hue haiN| tumane dekhA hai ki pAnI ghar3e meM TikatA hai| ghar3A phUTa jAtA hai, pAnI Dhulaka jAtA hai| pAnI ko Tikane ke lie koI AdhAra cAhie / isI prakAra dravya ko bhI AdhAra kI apekSA hotI hai| eka dravya astitva meM hai, usameM AdhAra dene kI kSamatA hai use maiM AkAzAstikAya kahatA huuN|' 'tuma dekha rahe ho sAmane eka per3a hai| kyA dekha rahe ho ?' 'kyA usakI sugaMdha nahIM A rahI hai?' 'bhaMte ! haiN|' 'isakI komala pattiyoM kA sparza mana ko AkarSita nahIM karatA?' 'kAlodAyI ! jisameM varNa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza hotA hai, use maiM pudgalAstikAya kahatA huuN|' 'maine astikAyoM ko jAnA hai, dekhA hai| isIlie maiM pAMca astikAyoM kA

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tattvavAda pratipAdana karatA huuN| inakA pratipAdana maiM kisI zAstra ke AdhAra para nahIM kara rahA hUM, kintu apane pratyakSa jJAna ke AdhAra para kara rahA huuN|' mahAvIra kA Atmika pravacana sunakara kAlodAyI kA mana samAhita ho gyaa| yaha paMcAstikAya kA vargIkaraNa maulika hai| bhAratIya darzanoM ke tAttvika vargIkaraNa ko sAmane rakhakara tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane vAlA yaha kahane kA sAhasa nahIM karegA ki yaha vargIkaraNa dUsaroM se RNa-prApta hai| kucha vidvAn svalpa adhyayana ke AdhAra para vicitra-sI dhAraNAeM banA lete haiM aura unheM Age bar3hAte cale jAte haiN| yaha bahuta hI gambhIra cintana kA viSaya hai ki vidvat jagat meM aisA ho rahA hai| kahIM-na-kahIM koI AvaraNa avazya hai| AvaraNa ke rahate sacAI prakaTa nahIM hotii| mujhe eka ghaTanA yAda A rahI hai| eka rAjakumArI ko saMgIta kI zikSA denI thii| vINA-vAdana aura saMgIta ke lie rAjakumAra udayana kA nAma sUrya kI bhAMti camaka rahA thaa| rAjA ne kaTa-prayoga se udayana ko upalabdha kara liyaa| rAjA rAjakumArI ko saMgIta sikhAnA cAhatA thA aura donoM ko samparka se bacAnA bhI cAhatA thaa| isalie donoM ke bIca meM yavanikA bAMdha dii| donoM ke manoM meM bhI yavanikA bAMdhane kI ceSTA kii| udayana se kahA gayA--'rAjakumArI andhI hai| vaha tumhAre sAmane baiThane meM sakucAtI hai| ataH vaha yavanikA ke bhItara baitthegii|' rAjakumArI se kahA gayA- 'udayana kor3hI hai| vaha tumhAre sAmane baiThane meM sakucAtA hai ata: vaha yavanikA ke bAhara baitthegaa|' zikSA kA krama cAlU huA aura kaI dinoM taka calatA rhaa| eka dina udayana saMgIta kA abhyAsa karA rahA thaa| rAjakumArI bAra-bAra skhalita ho rahI thii| udayana ne kaI bAra TokA, phira bhI rAjakumArI usake svaroM ko pakar3a nahIM skii| udayana kucha kruddha ho gyaa| usane Aveza meM kahA--'jarA saMbhalakara clo| kitanI bAra batA diyA, phira bhI dhyAna nahIM detI ho| Akhira andhI jo ho !' rAjakumArI ke mana para coTa lgii| vaha baukhalA utthii| usane bhI Aveza meM kahA--'kor3hI ! jarA saMbhalakara bolo !' udayana ne socA-kor3hI kauna hai? maiM to kor3hI nahIM haiN| phira rAjakumArI ne kor3hI kaise kahA? rAjakumArI ne bhI isI bhASA meM socA-maiM to andhI nahIM huuN| phira udayana ne andhI kaise kahA? sacAI jAnane ke lie donoM tar3apa uThe / yavanikA ko haTAkara dekhA-koI andhI nahIM hai aura koI kor3hI nahIM hai| bIca kA AvaraNa yaha dhAraNA banAe hue thA ki yavanikA ke isa pAra andhApana aura usa pAra kod| AvaraNa haTA aura donoM bAteM haTa giiN| mujhe lagatA hai, jaina darzana kI maulikatAoM ko samajhane meM bhI koI AvaraNa bIca meM A

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM rahA hai| aba use haTAnA hogaa| ___'paramANuvAda kA vikAsa vaizeSika darzana se huA hai, phira jaina darzana ne use apanAyA hai| cetana aura acetana-isa dvaita kA pratipAdana sAMkhya darzana ne kiyA hai| phira jaina darzana ne use apanAyA hai|' yaha saba aise prastuta kiyA jA rahA hai ki mAno jaina darzana kA apanA koI maulika rUpa hai hI nhiiN| vaha sArA kA sArA RNa lekara apanA kAma calA rahA hai / satya to yaha hai ki paramANu aura pudgala ke bAre meM jitanA gambhIra cintana jaina AcAryoM ne kiyA hai, utanA kisI bhI darzana ke AcAryoM ne nahIM kiyaa| sAMkhya darzana kI pravRtti aura usakA vistAra eka pudgalAstikAya kI paridhi meM A jAtA hai / dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya kA astitva usase sarvathA svatantra hai / jaina darzana kI prAcInatA kI asvIkRti usake AdhArabhUta Agama-sUtroM ke adhyayana kI paramparA ke abhAva aura jaina vidvAnoM kI upekSAvRtti ne aisI sthiti kA nirmANa kiyA hai ki jaina darzana kA deya usI ke lie RNa ke rUpa meM samajhA jA rahA hai| - bhagavAn mahAvIra ne vastu-mImAMsA aura mUlya-mImAMsA-donoM dRSTiyoM se tattva kA vargIkaraNa kiyaa| vastu-mImAMsA kI dRSTi se unhoMne paMcAstikAya kA pratipAdana kiyA aura mUlya-mImAMsA kI dRSTi se unhoMne nau tattvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyaa| ___ cArvAka kA tAttvika vargIkaraNa kevala vastu-mImAMsA kI dRSTi se hai| usake anusAra pRthvI, jala, agni aura vAyu-ye cAra tattva haiN| unase nirmita yaha jagat bhautika aura dRzya hai / adRzya sattA kA koI astitva nahIM hai| nyAyadarzana ke praNetA maharSi gautama kA tAttvika vargIkaraNa eka prakAra se pramANa-mImAMsA hai| vaizeSika darzana kA tAttvika vargIkaraNa naiyAyika darzana kI apekSA vAstavika hai| usameM guNa, karma, sAmAnya aura vizeSa kI vyavasthita vyAkhyA milatI hai| jaina darzana kI dRSTi se isakI svataMtra sattA nahIM hai| ye dravya ke hI dharma haiN| sAMkhya darzana kA tAttvika vargIkaraNa sRSTi-krama kA pratipAdana karatA hai| inake pacIsa tattvoM meM maulika tattva do haiM-prakRti aura puruSa / zeSa teIsa tattva prakRti ke vikAra haiN| unakA svatantra astitva nahIM hai| paMcAstikAya ke vargIkaraNa meM pAMcoM dravyoM kA svatantra astitva hai| koI bhI dravya kisI kA guNa yA avAntara vibhAga nahIM hai| gati, sthiti, avagAha, caitanya tathA varNa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza-ye viziSTa guNa haiN| inhIM ke dvArA unakI svataMtra sattA hai / isa vargIkaraNa meM na pramANa-mImAMsA hai, na guNoM kI svatantra sattA kI svIkRti aura na sRSTi kA krama / isameM dRzya aura adRzya, bhautika aura abhautika astitvoM kA pratipAdana hai| isa dRSTi se yaha vargIkaraNa

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tattvavAda 97 maulika aura vAstavika hai| __vastu-mImAMsA aura mUlya-mImAMsA kA vargIkaraNa eka sAtha kiyA hotA to vaha naiyAyika, vaizeSika aura sAMkhya darzana jaisA milAjulA vargIkaraNa hotaa| usakI vaijJAnikatA samApta ho jaatii| paMcAstikAya ke kArya ke viSaya meM saMkSipta carcA ho cukI hai| phira bhI usa viSaya meM mahAvIra aura gautama kA eka saMvAda maiM prastuta karanA caahuuNgaa| gautama ne pUchA- bhaMte ! dharmAstikAya se kyA hotA hai ? 'bhagavAn ne kahA'gautama ! AdamI cala rahA hai, havA cala rahI haiM, zvAsa cala rahA hai, vANI cala rahI hai, AMkheM jhapaka rahI haiM, yaha saba dharmAstikAya ke sahAre se ho rahA hai| yadi vaha na ho to vizeSa aura unmeSa nahIM ho sktaa| yadi vaha na ho to AdamI bola nahIM sktaa| yadi vaha na ho to AdamI soca nahIM sakatA / yadi vaha nahIM hotA to saba kucha putalI kI taraha sthira aura spandanahIna hotaa|' upaniSad ke RSiyoM ne kahA ki AkAza nahIM hotA to Ananda nahIM hotaa| Ananda kahAM hotA hai? AkAza hai, tabhI to Ananda hai| ThIka isI bhASA meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA-'dharmAstikAya nahIM hotA to spandana bhI nahIM hotaa| tuma pUcha rahe ho aura maiM uttara de rahA hUM, yaha isalie ho rahA hai ki dharmAstikAya hai| yadi vaha nahIM hotA to na tuma pUcha sakate aura na maiM uttara de sktaa| hama milate bhI nhiiN| jo jahAM hai, vaha vahIM hotaa| hamArA milana, vANI kA milana, zarIra kA milana, vastu kA milana jo ho rahA hai, eka vastu eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna meM A-jA rahI hai, yaha saba usI gatitattva ke mAdhyama se ho rahA hai|' vaha apanA sahArA itane udAsIna bhAva se de rahA hai ki kisI ko koI zikAyata nahIM hai| usameM cetanA nahIM hai, isalie na upakAra kA ahaMkAra hai aura na koI pakSapAta / vaha svAbhAvika DhaMga se apanA kArya kara rahA hai|' gautama ne pUchA- 'bhaMte ! adharmAstikAya se kyA hotA hai?' bhagavAn ne kahA- 'tuma abhI dhyAna kara Ae ho| usameM tumhArA mana kahAM thA?' 'bhaMte ! kahIM nhiiN| maiMne mana ko niruddha kara diyA thaa|' bhagavAn bole-'yaha nirodha, ekAgratA aura sthiratA adharmAstikAya ke sahAre hotA hai| yadi vaha nahIM hotA to na mana ekAgra hotA, na mauna hotA aura na tuma AMkha mUMda baiTha sakate / tuma calate hI rahate / isa ananta AkAza meM avirAma calate rhte| jisa bindu se cale usa para phira kabhI nahIM pahuMca pAte / ananta AkAza meM kho jaate|

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satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM kintu gati ke pratikUla hamArI sthiti hai| isIlie hama kahIM Tike hue haiN| isa kArya meM adharmAstikAya vaise hI udAsIna bhAva se hamArA sahayoga kara rahA hai, jaise gati meM dhrmaastikaay|' gautama ne pUchA-'AkAza meM kyA hotA hai ?' bhagavAn ne kahA-'dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, jIvAstikAya aura pudgalAstikAya--ina sabakA astitva AkAza ke astitva para nirbhara hai / vaha una sabako AdhAra de rahA hai / jisa AkAza khaNDa meM dharmAstikAya hai, usI meM adharmAstikAya hai, usI meM jIvAstikAya aura usI meM pudgalAstikAya hai / AkAza kI yaha avakAza dene kI kSamatA nahIM hotI to ye eka sAtha nahIM hote| usake abhAva meM ina sabakA bhAva nahIM hotaa|' gautama ne pUchA-'bhaMte ! jIva kyA karatA hai !' ___ bhagavAn ne kahA- 'vaha jJAna karatA hai, anubhava karatA hai / usake pAsa indriyAM haiN| vaha dekhatA hai, sunatA hai, sUMghatA hai, calatA hai aura chUtA hai| sAmane harA raMga hai / AMkha ne dekhA, usakA kAma ho gyaa| pattiyoM kI khanakhanAhaTa ho rahI hai| kAna ne sunA, usakA kAma samApta / havA ke sAtha Ane vAlI sugandha kA nAka ne anubhava kiyA, usakA kAma samApta / jIbha ne phala kA rasa cakhA aura usakA kAma pUrA ho gyaa| hAtha ne tane ko chuA aura usakA kAma pUrA ho gyaa| kintu kula milAkara vaha kyA hai ? yaha na AMkha jAnatI hai aura na kAna / isake bikhare hue anubhavoM ko sameTakara saMkalana karane vAlA jo hai, vaha hai mana / usake lie harA raMga, pattiyAM, puSpa, phala aura chAla-ye alaga-alaga nahIM haiM kintu eka hI per3a ke vibhinna rUpa haiN| indriyoM ke jagat meM ve alaga-alaga hote haiM aura mana ke jagat meM ve saba abhinna hokara per3a bana jAte haiM / mana socatA hai, manana karatA hai, kalpanA karatA hai aura smRti karatA hai| jIva ke pAsa buddhi hai / vaha mana ke dvArA prApta sAmagrI kA viveka karatI hai, nirNaya detI hai aura usameM kucha adbhata kSamatAeM haiN| vaha indriya aura mana se sAmagrI prApta kie binA hI kucha viziSTa bAteM jAna letI hai| ye (indriya, mana aura buddhi) saba jIva kI cetanA ke bhautika saMskaraNa haiN| isalie ye pudgaloM ke mAdhyama se eka ko jAnate haiM / ye jJeya kA sAkSAtkAra nahIM kara sakate / zuddha cetanA jJeya kA sAkSAtkAra karatI hai| vaha kisI mAdhyama se nahIM jAnatI isIlie hama use pratyakSa jJAna yA atIndriya jJAna kahate haiN| yaha jJAna kA saMpUrNa kSetra jIva ke adhikAra meM hai|' gautama ne pUchA-'bhaMte ! pudgala kA kyA kArya hai ?'

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tattvavAda bhagavAn ne kahA-'AdamI zvAsa letA hai, socatA hai, bolatA hai, khAtA hai--yaha saba pudgala ke AdhAra para ho rahA hai / zvAsa kI vargaNA (pudgala samUha) hai, isalie vaha zvAsa letA hai| mana kI vargaNA hai, isalie vaha socatA hai| bhASA kI vargaNA hai, isalie vaha bolatA hai| AhAra kI vargaNA hai, isalie vaha khAtA hai| ye yadi vargaNAeM nahIM hotI to na koI zvAsa letA, na koI socatA, na koI bolatA aura na koI khAtA / jitane dRzya tattva haiM, ve saba pudgala kI vargaNAeM haiM / pudgalAstikAya kA svarUpa eka hai, phira bhI kArya ke AdhAra para usakI aneka vargaNAeM haiN| use eka udAharaNa ke dvArA samajhA jA sakatA hai| eka gvAlA bher3oM ko carAtA thaa| ve aneka logoM kI thiiN| use ginatI karane meM kaThinAI hotI thii| usane eka rAstA nikaalaa| eka-eka mAlika kI bher3oM kA eka-eka varga banA diyA aura unheM eka-eka raMga se raMga diyaa| use suvidhA ho gii| yaha vargaNAoM kA vibhAjana bhI kAryabodha kI suvidhA ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai / jIva kI jitanI bhI pravRtti hotI hai, vaha pudgala kI sahAyatA se hotI hai| yadi vaha nahIM hotA to koI pravRtti nahIM hotii| saba kucha niSkriya aura nivArya hotA /

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13 advaita aura dvaita 1 manuSya cetanAvAn prANI hai / isalie vaha socatA hai, dekhatA hai / vaha mAnasika stara para socatA hai / mana kI gaharAI meM utara kara dekhatA hai / satya kI khoja cintana-manana aura darzana se huI hai| usakA vikAsa sAmAjika sandarbha meM huA hai manuSya ne sAmAjika jIvana jInA prArambha kiyA / 'usake bAda usane satya kI khoja bar3I tIvratA se kii| usane dekhA ki pahAr3a kyA hai ? nadiyAM kyA haiM? dikhAI dene vAle ye padArtha kyA haiM? kyA ye hI saba kucha haiM yA inase pare bhI kucha hai ? kyA ye sRSTa haiM yA svayaMbhU haiM? inakA sRSTA kauna hai ? agara koI hai to vaha jJAta haiM yA ajJAta ? - isa prakAra aneka jijJAsAeM manuSya ke mana meM paidA huIM aura usane apanI jijJAsAoM kA samAdhAna pAne ke lie prayatna prArambha kara die| isa zrRMkhalA meM dRSTi aura vicAroM kA vikAsa huaa| dRSTi aura vicAra - ye donoM darzana paraka haiM / darzana kA nirmANa kiyA nahIM gayA, vaha ho gayA / maiM jo dekhatA hUM use dUsarA mAne yA na mAne, yaha mere para nirbhara nahIM hai / yaha nirbhara haiM sAmane vAle para / maiMne jo antardRSTi se dekhA, use samajhAne ke lie, usakI vyAkhyA kI tarka ke mAdhyama se| maiMne jo dekhA, use maiM apane tarka ke dvArA prastuta karatA hUM aura sAmane vAle vyakti ko merA tarka svIkAra ho jAtA hai to merA vicAra aura usakA vicAra - donoM kA vicAra eka ho jAtA hai| tarka donoM ko jor3ane kA kAma karatA hai / antardRSTi vaiyaktika hai aura tarka hai donoM ko jor3ane vAlA sUtra / donoM meM vaicArika ekatA kA saMpAdana karane vAlA sUtra hai tarka / isa prakAra antardRSTi aura vicAra - donoM milakara darzana kI AtmA kA nirmANa karate haiN| darzana kA prAsAda ina donoM khambhoM para khar3A huA hai / 1 darzana kI do dhArAeM darzana kI dhArA bahuta prAcIna hai / vizva ke itihAsa meM do deza the darzana ke AviSkAraka - bhArata aura yUnAna / bhAratIya dArzanika aura yUnAnI dArzanika - ye

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advaita aura dvaita donoM vizva ke sabhI darzanoM ko prabhAvita karane vAle hue haiN| bhArata ke dArzanikoM ne pUrvI jagat ko prabhAvita kiyA aura yUnAna ke dArzanikoM ne pazcimI jagat ko prabhAvita kiyaa| pazcima ke sAre darzana yUnAnI darzana se prabhAvita haiM aura pUrva ke sAre darzana bhAratIya darzana se prabhAvita haiM / isa prakAra vizva ke paTala para ina do dezoM ke dArzanikoM ne apanI vicAra dhArA kA pUrA prabhutva sthApita kiyA / mere sAmane darzana kI aneka dhArAeM haiN| unakA vargIkaraNa bhautikavAda aura - adhyAtmavAda - ina do rUpoM meM karanA mujhe iSTa hai| manuSya ne jaba dekhA taba prArambhika darzana meM jo sthUla thA vaha sAmane A gyaa| maiM khar3A hUM / mere sAmane eka vRkSa hai / maiM use jitanI sugamatA se dekha sakatA hUM, utanI sugamatatA se usake nIce calane vAlI cIMTI ko nahIM dekha sktaa| kyoMki vRkSa sthUla hai aura cIMTI sUkSma / usa para merI dRSTi nahIM daur3atI, vRkSa para pahale hI daur3a jAtI hai| AdamI sthUla ko jaldI pakar3atA hai| sUkSma taka pahuMcane meM use bahuta gaharAI meM utaranA par3atA hai / hamAre sAmane jo sthUla jagat hai, vaha bhautika hai / dArzanikoM ne sabase pahale bhautika jagat ko dekhaa| unhoMne dekhA, duniyA meM pRthvI hai, pAnI hai, agni hai aura vAyu hai| unhoMne dekhA ki jo dikhAI de rahA hai vaha inhIM ke dvArA niSpanna hai / ina cAra bhUtoM se duniyA kA nirmANa huA hai| 101 I kucha ciMtaka Age bddh'e| unhoMne AkAza ko bhI khojA / AkAza bhI eka tattva hai, bhUta hai| bhAratIya darzana meM do dhArAeM calIM- eka caturbhUtavAdI aura eka paMcabhUtavAdI / pazcimI dArzanikoM meM bhI isa viSaya meM kAphI matabheda rhaa| kisI ne mAnA ki sArI duniyA kA mUla jala hai, kisI ne mAnA ki vAyu hai aura kisI ne mAnA ki agni hai| jalavAdI, vAyuvAdI aura agnivAdI - ye sthUlavAdI vicAraka rahe haiN| ina donoM dhArAoM ke vikAsa ke bAda manuSya ke mana meM phira dvandva utpanna huA / usane socA- bhUta acetana hai / yaha cetana kyA hai ? socatA kauna hai ? vicAra kauna karatA hai ? jAnane kA prayatna kauna karatA hai ? bhautika tattvoM meM cintana, manana 1. aura jJAna nahIM hai| usane phira cetanA kI ora dhyAna diyA / cetanA bhautika tattvoM meM nahIM hai / pRthvI meM cetanA nahIM hai, pAnI meM cetanA nahIM hai, agni, vAyu aura AkAza meM cetanA nahIM hai| ciMtana karate-karate vaha isa niSkarSa para pahuMcA ki cetanA bhautika tattvoM kI pariNati hai, unake saMghaTana kI kriyA hai / unase bhinna koI tattva nahIM hai / yadi usakA koI svatantra astitva hotA to vaha bhautika tattvoM se kahIM pRthak dikhAI

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102 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM detA / jaise jala kA kaNa hameM dikhAI detA hai vaise cetanA kI svatantra sattA hameM kahIM dikhAI nahIM detii| bhUtavAdI dArzanikoM ne cetanA ko svIkAra kiyA kintu usakI svatantra sattA ko svIkAra nahIM kiyaa| dUsarI dhArA una dArzanikoM kI hai jo sthUla jagat meM ruke nahIM, jinake caraNa usase Age bddh'e| unhoMne sthUla ko dekhA aura sAtha-sAtha sUkSma ko bhI dekhaa| unakA cintana isa dizA meM Age bar3hA ki cetanA bhautika nahIM hai| vaha na pratyeka bhUta meM hai aura na unakI sAmudAyika pariNati meM hai| pratyeka bhUta yadi usakA upAdAna nahIM hai to unakI saMhati bhI cetanA kA upAdAna nahIM ho sktii| saMhati meM vahI guNa prakaTa hotA hai, upAdAna ke rUpa meM jisakI sattA pratyeka ikAI meM hotI hai / cetanA kA upAdAna na koI bhautika ikAI hai aura na usakI saMhati / isa sthiti meM usakA upAdAna koI svatantra sattA hai| ve cintana-manana se Age dhyAna kI gaharAI meM gae aura unhoMne cetanA ke upAdAna kA sAkSAtkAra kiyaa| unhoMne usakA nAma rakhA 'AtmA' indriyAM se dRSTa nahIM hai| vaha cetanA kI adhika gaharAI meM jAne para hI dRSTaM hotI hai isalie AtmavAdI dArzanikoM ne darzana kI adhyAtmavAdI dhArA ko vikasita kiyaa| jaina darzana kA dvaitavAda jaina darzana adhyAtmavAdI darzana hai| vaha AtmA kI svatantra sattA ko svIkAra karatA hai| AtmavAdI dArzanikoM ne AtmA kA bhinna-bhinna rUpoM meM pratipAdana kiyA hai| vedAMta bhArata ke pramukha darzanoM meM se eka hai| usane upaniSadoM ke AdhAra para AtmA kI vyAkhyA kii| upaniSad bhAratIya tattvacintana ke apUrNa koza haiN| unameM zatAbdiyoM taka hone vAle sUkSma cintana saMkalita haiN| sRSTi ke gahanatama rahasyoM ko jAnane kA jo tIvratama prayatna huA usakI pratidhvani upaniSad ke zabdoM meM sunAI detI hai| vedAnta unakA pratinidhitva karatA hai| usakA siddhAMta hai--mUla AtmA eka hai| usakI saMjJA hai 'brahma / ' caitanya kI pAramArthika sattA vahI hai / dRzya jagat meM jo cetana aura acetana hai, vaha saba usI mala AtmA kA prapaMca hai| yaha 'caitanya dvaitavAda' hai| 'jar3AdvaitavAdI' dArzanikoM kA abhimata hai bhUta hI vAstavika sattA hai, cetana vAstavika sattA nahIM hai| ThIka isake viparIta 'AtmA dvaitavAdI' vedAnta kA abhimata hai-cetana hI vAstavika sattA hai, bhUta vAstavika sattA nahIM hai| ___ jar3avAdI kahate haiM- bhUta cetana se utpanna huA hai to AtmadvaitavAdI kahate haiM ki cetana se bhUta utpanna huA hai| donoM eka-dUsare ke virodhI haiN| donoM eka-dUsare

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advaita aura dvaita ke Amane-sAmane khar3e haiN| donoM eka-dUsare kI TakarAhaTa ko jhela rahe haiM aura eka-dUsare kA nirasana kara rahe haiM / jaina darzana AtmA ke svatantra astitva ko svIkAra karatA hai, cetanA kI vAstavikatA ko svIkAra karatA hai| phira bhI acetana kI avAstavikatA kA pratipAdana nahIM karatA / vaha cetana ko jitanA vAstavika mAnatA hai utanA hI acetana ko vAstavika mAnatA hai / isalie vaha 'jar3AdvaitavAdI' darzana kA sIdhA virodhI nahIM hai / vaha donoM ke madhya meM hai / usakI dhArA donoM kI ora pravAhita hotI hai| cetana kI vAstavika sattA hai, isameM usakI svIkRti hai aura acetana kI vAstavika sattA hai, isameM bhI usakI svIkRti hai / isa ubhayapakSI svIkRti ke kAraNa jaina darzana dvaitavAdI hai - cetana aura acetana kI vAstavika sattA ko svIkAra karane vAlA hai / 103 darzana kI tIna dhArAeM vikasita ho gaIM-- jar3AdvaitavAda, AtmAdvaitavAda aura dvaitavAda / bhAratIya darzana ina tIna dhArAoM meM baMTA huA hai| kucha Adhunika vidvAn mAnate haiM ki sAMkhya darzana bahuta prAcIna hai| jaina darzana kA vikAsa usake AdhAra para huA haiN| mujhe lagatA hai yaha ekAMgI svIkAra hai / isameM koI saMdeha nahIM ki sAMkhya darzana bahuta prAcIna hai / kintu isa satya ko bhI vismRta nahIM karanA cAhie ki jaina darzana usase kama prAcIna nahIM hai| sAMkhya darzana usI zramaNa darzana kI dhArA meM vikasita huA thA jisameM jaina darzana vikasita huaa| donoM eka hI dhArA ke darzana haiM, isalie unameM samAna tattvoM kI khoja kI jA sakatI hai, kintu isase unake paurvAparya kA anumAna nahIM kiyA jA sakatA / zaMkarAcArya ne likhA hai- 'kapila kA sAMkhya darzana veda- viruddha hai aura maharSi manu kA jo vedAnusArI vacana hai, usake bhI viruddha hai / arthAt vaha zruti aura smRti -- donoM ke viruddha hai, isalie vaha vicAraNIya nahIM hai / ' padmapurANa meM eka ullekha milatA hai - ' naiyAyika, vaizeSika aura pataMjali kA yoga darzana - zruti viruddha hone ke kAraNa tyAjya haiN|' mujhe Azcarya hotA hai ki ina tathyoM para vidvAnoM kA dhyAna kyoM nahIM AkarSita huA ? prAcInatA aura arvAcInatA ke nirNaya meM inakA upayoga kyoM nahIM kiyA gayA ? 1 Apa pataMjali ke yoga darzana ko dekha jaaie| usameM aneka zabda aise haiM jo zramaNa sAhitya meM mileMge / vaidika sAhitya meM nahIM khoje jA sakate / kevalI, jJAnAvaraNIya karma, samyag jJAna, samyag darzana, caramadeha, sopakrama, nirUpakrama, savitarka, savicAra, nirvicAra Adi-Adi zabda zramaNa paramparA meM bahulatA se vyavahRta haiM / sAMkhya aura

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104 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM yoga--ye donoM eka dhArA ke haiN| eka darzana pakSa aura dUsarA sAdhanA pakSa / ye donoM vaidika paramparA meM nahIM the isalie zramaNa paramparA ke darzanoM se inakA samanvaya svAbhAvika hai| zramaNa darzanoM meM arhat darzana prabhAvazAlI rahA hai / jaina darzana usakI mukhya dhArA hai| sAMkhya, AjIvaka aura bauddha-ye saba zramaNa darzana rahe haiN| inakI tAttvika paramparA ke bIca sadIrghakAlIna zrAmaNika cintana nihita hai| jaina darzana ne dvaitavAda kA pratipAdana kiyaa| sAMkhya bhI dvaitavAdI hai| usane do tattvoM-prakRti aura puruSa kI sthApanA kii| jaina darzana ne do tattvoM-cetana aura acetana kA pratipAdana kiyaa| kahA jAtA hai, isa pratipAdana meM jaina darzana para sAMkhya darzana kA prabhAva hai| isa mAnyatA kA kAraNa jaina sAhitya kA aparicaya hai / vidvAnoM ke sAmane jaina darzana kA mukhya grantha 'tatvArtha sUtra' rhaa| kintu usase pAMca-chaha zatAbdI pUrva racita Agama sAhitya unake pAsa nahIM phuNcaa| yadi vaha pahuMcA hotA to yaha dhAraNA nirmUla ho jAtI / jaina darzana aura sAMkhya darzana--donoM dvaitavAdI haiN| kintu dvaitavAdI hone para bhI unakI darzana-dhArA meM kucha maulika antara hai| sAMkhya darzana kA svIkAra hai ki prakRti se sArI sRSTi kA vikAsa huA hai / sRSTi kA mUla kAraNa hai prakRti aura sRSTi hai prakRti kI vikRti / jaina darzana ne sRSTi kI vyAkhyA cetana aura acetana--donoM kI saMyukta prakriyA ke AdhAra para kii| usake anusAra kevala pudgala aura kevala jIva se sRSTi kA vikAsa nahIM hotA kintu jIva aura pudgala-donoM kA samucita yoga hone para hI vaha hotA hai| vizva kI vyAkhyA kA jaina dRSTikoNa dArzanika AcAryoM ne vizva kI vyAkhyA vibhinna dRSTikoNoM se kI hai| AcArya zaMkara ke matAnusAra dRzya jagat pAramArthika nahIM hai / prazna huA--phira yaha kyA hai ? uttara milA--yaha mAyA hai| suSupti avasthA kA yaha anubhava hai| Apane svapna meM siMha dekhA, Apa bhaya se prakaMpita ho ge| Apa jAgRta avasthA meM Ae siMha kA bhaya samApta ho gyaa| svapnAvasthA kA siMha jAgRta avasthA kA siMha nahIM hai / jAgRta avasthA meM svapnAvasthA ke siMha kI vAstavika sattA nahIM hai| isalie yaha dRzya jagat vyAvahArika satya hai, vAstavika satya nahIM hai| hama loga jAgRta avasthA meM jo dekha rahe haiM aura hameM jo vAstavika pratIta ho rahA hai vaha bhI brahma kI sthiti meM jAne para vaise hI mithyA ho jAegA jaise svapna jagat ke dRzya jAgRta avasthA meM mithyA ho jAte haiN| isa prakAra unhoMne do satyoM se vizva kI vyAkhyA kI--eka

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advaita aura dvaita 105 vyavahAra satya aura eka paramArtha satya / brahma pAramArthika satya hai aura dRzya jagat vyavahAra satya hai| bauddha darzana ne bhI saMvRti satya aura pAramArthika satya-ina do dRSTiyoM se vizva kI vyAkhyA kii| usake anusAra cetana aura acetana--donoM kSaNajIvI haiN| yaha pAramArthika satya hai| unakI traikAlika ekatA kI pratIti sAMvRtika satya hai| ina donoM dRSTiyoM ne sambhavata: vedAnta ke dRSTikoNa ko prabhAvita kiyaa| AcArya zaMkara ke guru 'gauDapAda' bauddha dharma ke prakANDa vidvAn the| ho sakatA hai ki gauDapAda kA zaMkara para prabhAva par3A ho aura unhoMne prakArAntara se upaniSadoM ke AdhAra para mAyAvAda kI vyAkhyA kI ho| jaina darzana ne vizva kI vyAkhyA anekAMta dRSTi se kii| anekAnta ke anusAra dravya meM ananta dharma haiM / jitane dharma haiM utane hI unheM jAnane ke 'naya' haiM aura jitane 'naya' haiM utane hI unake pratipAdana ke prakAra haiM / nayoM kA samAhAra karane para mUla naya do hote haiM--naizcayika aura vyaavhaarik| naizcayika naya kI dRSTi se cetana aura acetana--donoM zAzvata aura vAstavika satya haiM / vyAvahArika naya kI dRSTi se cetana aura acetana-donoM ke paryAya azAzvata, kintu vAstavika satya haiN| naizcayika naya dravya kI vyAkhyA karatA hai aura paryAyArthika naya usameM hone vAle vividha pariNamanoM kI vyAkhyA karatA hai| vyAvahArika naya kI dRSTi se cInI mIThI hai, sapheda hai kintu naizcayika naya kI dRSTi se usameM saba varNa, saba rasa, saba gaMdha aura saba sparza hote haiM / niSkarSa kI bhASA meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki cetana aura acetana--donoM nirapekSa satya haiM tathA unameM hone vAle parivartana sApekSa satya haiM / nirapekSa aura sApekSa--donoM satyoM kI samanviti hI vAstavika satya hai| vizva-vyavasthA aura saha-astitva . nIma kI eka TahanI meM ananta dharma hai| vaha mUla dravya nahIM hai / vaha dravya kI eka paryAya hai| mUla dravya pudgala hai aura mUla dravya jIva hai / jIva aura pudgala donoM kA yoga milA aura nIma utpanna ho gayA, TahanI nirmita ho gii| usa TahanI meM jIva aura pudgala donoM sAtha raha rahe haiM / jIva cetana aura pudgala acetana aura donoM paraspara virodhI / vaha dravya hI nahIM hotA jisameM virodhI dharmoM ke ananta yugala na hoN| eka paramANu meM bhI ananta virodhI yugala hote haiN| isalie jaina darzana kA pratyeka dravya sat bhI hai aura asat bhI hai; nitya bhI hai aura anitya bhI hai| zakaMrAcArya ne

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106 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM kahA-dArzanika ko sabase pahale nitya aura anitya kA viveka karanA cAhie / jo nitya aura anitya kA viveka nahIM rakhatA vaha dArzanika nahIM ho sktaa| pratyakSa darzana ke abhAva meM satya kA pratipAdana nahIM kara sktaa| maharSi pataMjali ne kahA-'nitya ko anitya aura anitya ko nitya mAnanA avidyA hai|' zaMkarAcArya ne kahA- 'brahma nitya aura jagat anitya hai|' unhoMne nitya aura anitya-donoM kA pratipAdana kiyA kintu unakI dRSTi meM aisA dravya eka bhI nahIM hai jo nitya bhI ho aura anitya bhI ho / brahma nitya hI hai, vaha anitya nahIM hai / jagat anitya hI hai, vaha nitya nahIM hai| jaina darzana ise dUsare dRSTikoNa se dekhatA hai| usakI dRSTi kA sAra yaha hai--brahma anitya bhI hai aura jagat nitya bhI hai| nitya aura anitya-donoM ke saha-astitva ko kucha dArzanika virodhAbhAsa mAnate haiM aura ve yaha siddha karane kA prayatna karate, haiM ki yaha jaina darzana kA dRSTi-bhrama hai| kintu jaina dArzanika isa Aropa ko svIkAra nahIM krte| unake matAnusAra dravya kI prakRti meM sAmaMjasya kI apUrva kSamatA hai| usameM koI virodhAbhAsa nahIM hai| yaha virodhAbhAsa hamAre vyAvahArika dRSTikoNa meM hai| dravya kI vyAkhyA naizcayika dRSTikoNa se kI jA sakatI hai, kevala vyAvahArika dRSTikoNa se usakI vyAkhyA nahIM kI jA sktii| AyArya hemacandra ne mahAvIra kI stuti meM likhA hai-'ApakI AjJA ko nahIM jAnane vAle AkAza ko nitya aura dIpaka ko anitya mAnate haiM / AkAza jaisA hai vaisA hI rahatA hai, isIlie vaha nitya hai| dIpaka kI lau AtI hai aura calI jAtI hai / havA kA jhoMkA AtA hai aura dIpaka bujha jAtA hai| isIlie vaha anitya hai|' mahAvIra kA darzana isase bhinna hai| usakI dRSTi meM jaise AkAza nitya hai vaise dIpaka bhI nitya hai aura jaise dIpaka anitya hai vaise AkAza bhI anitya hai| yaha syAdvAda kI maryAdA hai| koI bhI dravya isakA atikramaNa nahIM karatA / dIpaka eka paryAya hai / vaha viniSTa ho jAtA hai kintu usakA AdhAra-tattva pudgala kabhI naSTa nahIM hotaa| AkAza AdhArabhUta tattva hai, vaha kabhI naSTa nahIM hotaa| kintu ghaTAkAza, paTAkAza aura gRhakAza--ye usake paryAya haiM / ye utpanna aura viniSTa hote rahate haiN| hama AkAza ko AdhAra-tattva ke rUpa meM hI dekhate haiM, taba use kevala nitya kahate haiN| hama dIpaka ko vartamAna paryAya ke rUpa meM hI dekhate haiM, taba use anitya kahate haiN| para koI bhI AdhAra-tattva se zUnya nahIM hotA / isalie AkAza ko anitya aura dIpaka ko nitya kahanA dRSTi kA bhrama nahIM, kintu yathArtha

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advata Ara dvata 107 ____ jaina darzana ne virodhI yugaloM kA saha-astitva svIkAra kiyA isalie vaha sarvagrAhI darzana ho gyaa| vaha kisI bhI vicAradhArA ko asatya kI dRSTi se nahIM dekhatA kintu sApekSa-satya kI dRSTi se dekhatA hai / jitane vicAra haiM, ve saba paryAya haiM aura paryAya nirapekSa-satya nahIM ho sktaa| nirapekSa-satya to mUla dravya ho sakatA hai| jaina-darzana ko jar3avAdI vicAra amAnya nahIM hai kintu sAtha-sAtha AtmavAdI vicAra bhI utanA hI mAnya hai jitanA ki jar3avAdI vicAra / donoM vicAroM kA yoga hone para hI jaina darzana yathArtha banatA hai| ___ maiM eka bAra AcArya kundakunda kA 'samayasAra' par3ha rahA thaa| naizcayika naya kI jalarAzi meM DubakiyAM lagAte-lagAte mujhe aisA abhyAsa huA ki kahIM maiM advaitavAdI to nahIM ho gayA hai| sacamuca merA mAnasa aisA bana gayA ki dvaita kI apekSA advaita kA siddhAMta adhika gambhIra hai| merI dvaita kI dRSTi samApta ho gii| hama dvaita kI dizA se calate haiM aura calate-calate aise sthAna para pahuMcate haiM jahAM kevala sattA hai| sattA meM koI bheda nahIM hotaa| vibhakta hotA hai kevala paryAya / maiM darzana se kAma letA rahA taba taka mujhe advaita kA anubhava hotA rahA / darzana anAkAra hotA hai / vaha dravya ko dekhatA hai, isalie usake sAmane koI AkAra nahIM hotaa| kevala sAmAnya hotA hai, koI vizeSa nahIM hotaa| maiMne jaba jJAna se kAma lenA zurU kiyA, taba mere sAmane paryAya A gye| jaise hI maiMne paryAyoM ko jAnanA prArambha kiyA, maiM phira dvaitavAdI ho gyaa| pratyeka paryAya kA eka nizcita AkAra hotA hai aura jJAna usa AkAra ko jAnatA hai| hama jaba-jaba anAkAra ko dekhate haiM taba-taba astitvavAdI yA dvaitavAdI hote haiN| paryAya dravya meM vilIna ho jAte haiM aura dravya astitva meM vilIna ho jAte haiN| zeSa bacatA hai korA astitva / usameM na cetana aura acetana kA bheda hotA hai, na mUrta aura amUrta kA bheda hotA hai| koI bheda nahIM hotA, koI AkAra nahIM hotA, kevala sattA zeSa raha jAtI hai / anekAnta kI bhASA meM yaha saMgraha naya' kA satya hai / anekAnta maryAdA meM kevala eka naya hI satya nahIM hotaa| zeSa saba nayoM kI satyatA svIkAra karane para hI koI naya satya hotA hai| saMgraha naya satya hai, advaita satya hai, kintu vyavahAra naya yA dvaita bhI utanA hI satya hai| astitva dravya aura paryAya-ina do AkAroM meM vibhakta hotA hai / dravya pAMca astikAyoM meM vibhakta hotA hai / paryAya ananta rUpoM meM vibhakta hotA hai| yaha dvaita utanA hI satya hotA hai, jitanA ki advaita / isa svIkRti ke bAda hama jaina darzana ko na advaitavAdI kaha sakate haiM aura na dvaitavAdI /

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108 satya kI khoja : anekAnta ke Aloka meM vaha advaita-dvaitavAdI hai| dravya kA astitva jo hai vaha zAzvata hai| vaha kabhI bhI naSTa nahIM hotaa| payAya badalatA rahatA hai| asat paryAya kI utpatti aura sat paryAya kA nAza--yaha krama barAbara calatA rahatA hai| isalie jaina darzana na satvAdI hai aura na asatvAdI, kintu sat-asatvAdI hai| 000

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AcArya mahAprajJa jaina vizva bhAratI lADanUM