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Classification of Poetry
837
Dr. Raghavan observes that whether these verses are from Kohala or not we do not know. Śri Harṣa's Värttika on N.S. must have dealt with upa-rupakas, as on pp. 174, G.O.S. Vol. I., the A.bh. quotes from the Värttika an āryā on Rāga-darśaniya, i.e. Rāga-kavya, which is one of the upa-rupakas.
Dr. Raghavan has not quoted the same but we quote it as read on pp. 171, Vol. I. G.O.S. (A.bh.) second Edn. '56. yad-vārttikam -
evam avantara-vākyair
upadeśo rāga-darśaniyeṣu, simhā"di-varṇanair vā
kvacid apy arthántaranyāsāt.”
The quotation follows a discussion in the A.bh. that 'nṛtta' is not 'nātya'.
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Dr. Raghavan further observes that some ancient writers had dealt with uparūpaka varieties can be made out from Bhamaha I. 24 wherein besides nāṭaka, there is mention of dvipadī, śamyā, rāsaka and skandhaka (= a dance in which songs in skandhaka metre figure ft. n. pp. 537, ibid). All these are intended for abhinaya and Bhamaha says that they are taken care of at length by others : "uktónyais tasya vistaraḥ." - an obvious reference to Bharata and others known to Bhāmaha. It may be noted that we do not know the source of the explanation of skandhaka, as cited by Dr. Raghavan. Daṇḍin also mentions (I. 39) 'lāsya', 'chalita', 'samya' as 'prekṣártha' i.e. meant for viewing (on stage). Kumārila's Tantra-vārttika also mentions Dvipadi and Rāsaka (p. 205. Benares Edn.)
It may be noted that the Daśarūpaka divides nāṭya into major type i.e. rasāśraya comprising of the ten types of drama, and the minor type which takes care of bhāva i.e. which is bhāvā"śraya. The former is called rūpaka and the latter "nṛtya" which is bhāvā"śraya and is of the form of padárthábhinaya, the former being rasasraya and of the form of vakyárthábhinaya. Dhanika in his Avaloka on DR. 1. 9 (pp. 8, 9, Edn.) (The Adyar Library Series, Vol. 97, T. Venkatacharya '69 Madras) observes: "rasa"śrayān nāṭyād bhāvā”śrayam nṛtyam anyad eva. tatra bhāvā❞śrayam iti viṣaya-bhedan nṛtyam iti nṛter gātra-vikṣepárthatvenā'ngikabāhulyāt tat-kāriṣu ca nartaka-vyapadeśalloképi range prekṣaṇīyakam iti vyavahārān nāṭakāder anyan nṛtyam. tadbhedatvāc chrīgadita"der na'vadhāraṇā'nupapattiḥ. nāṭakā"di ca rasa-viṣayam. rasasya ca padárthībhūtavibhāvā"di-samsargā”tmaka-vākyártha-rupatvad vākyarthábhinaya"tmakatvam rasa"śrayam ity anena darśitam. natyam iti ca 'nața avaspandane' iti nateḥ kiñcic calanárthatvāt sättvika-bāhulyam. ata eva tat-kāriṣu nata-vyapadeśaḥ. [loke'pi ca
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