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'Classification of Poetry (Criticism Oriented)
1025
So, when any single rasa, say śộngāra, happens to be principal in a work, no other sentiment, whether unopposed or opposed, should be treated fully or elaborately at the same time. Ā. holds that elaborate treatment of other rasas can be avoided in different ways. He observes (vľtti, Dhv. III. 24) : "angini rasantare śộngārā”dau prabandha-vyangye sati, a-virodhi, virodhī vā rasaḥ, pariposam na netavyaḥ. tatra a-virodhino rasasya, angi-rasāpekṣayā atyantam adhikyam na kartavyam iti ayam prathamah pariposa-parihārah. utkarsa-sāmyépi tayor virodhaa-sambhavāt. yathā-“ekato roditi priyā.” etc. yathā vā, “kanthāt cchitvā.” etc., ity atra. - etc.
Here, Ā. observes that even an un-opposed sentiment should not be shown greater importance as compared to the principal sentiment. Even if both of them get equal prominence, there will be no chance of any opposition between them; as in "ekato roditi.” etc., or “kanthāt cchitvā.” etc.
The next device suggested by A. is that ancillary feelings or passing moods, i.e. vyabhicārins, which are opposed to the major rasa, should not be delineated at length, and even if described at all, it should be immediately followed by the description of the passing moods of the principal rasa. Ā. further adds that even when a minor or subsidiary rasa is being treated fully, it should be at all events treated only as a subsidiary one by special attention. Its status of a subsidiary rasahas to be kept in focus by the poet. Ā. suggests that other devices on these lines can be invented by poets or readers.
If the subsidiary rasa happens to be a virodhin i.e. opposite to the main rasa, it should be carefully delineated only as being lesser than the major rasa - "virodhinas tu rasasya, angirasápekṣayā kasyacin nyūnatā sampādanīyā.” (Vrtti, Dhv. III. 24). For example, when śānta is the major rasa, śộngāra should be comparatively less developped, i.e. it should be attached lesser importance. So also, vice versa, when śộngāra is a major rasa, śānta should be given lesser prominence. If it is argued that in the absence of fuller treatment, there can be no rasa at all, the answer is, “uktam atra, angi-rasā'pekṣayā” i.e. we are talking of comparatively lesser prominence. The subordinate opposite sentiment thus will receive less fuller
ompared to the angi' or principal rasa. The same degree of full ent will not go by the way of what is meant to be a minor rasa. But by this, the development of even a minor rasa, in its own course is not denied : "angino hi rasasya yāvān pariposas tāvān tasya na kartavyah, svatah-tu-sambhavi pariposah kena vāryate ?" (vrtti, on Dhv. III. 24).
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