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1074
SAHṚDAYĀLOKA
seen enhancing the unique poetic beauty in the passage. They serve to increase the beauty of decorum in respect of the subject described. This increase is brought about by its own excellence." (Trans. K.Kris., pp. 386, ibid).
These are charms of both expression and suggestion. For example, in - "snihyat kaṭākṣe dṛśau." (verse no. 68, pp. 101). K. observes here (vṛtti, VS. II. 17, pp. 102, ibid) "atra vartamāna-kālábhidhāyī satṛ-pratyayaḥ kām apy atītā'nāgatavibhrama-virahitām tātkālika-parispanda-sundarīm prastutaucitya-vicchittim ullāsayan sahṛdaya-hṛdaya-hāriṇīm pratyaya-vakratām āvahati.”
"The affix forming the present participle brings out beautifully the speciality of the subject shining in its present splendour and devoid of graces attached to it in the past and attributable to it in the future. This charm of the affix is indeed very appealing to the mind of sensitive critics." (Trans. K.Kris., pp. 389, ibid) - This has charm operating at the level of abhidhā only. Once again, K. places all varieties of beauty-vakrata' - on the same footing without caring in the least for what A. would feel about it. The illustrations, viz. verses, Nos., 69, 70, 71, on pp. 102, ibid, prove this point. K. observes: (vṛtti, VJ. II. 18, pp. 102, ibid) - "atra subhagam-manyabhāva-prabhṛtiṣu śabdeṣa, mumādi-parispanda-sundarāḥ sanniveṣa-cchāyāvidhāyinīm vācaka-vakratām pratyayāḥ puṣṇanti." - "The augments 'mum' in the words 'subhagam-manya', 'prasṛtim-paca', and so forth, add extra-ordinary stylistic charm showing off the linguistic construction to best advantage." (Trans. K.Kris., pp. 389, ibid). Then follows 'vṛtti-vakratā', at VJ. II. 19 (pp. 103, ibid), which takes note of beauty revealed through various types of compounds, and also taddhita, and sub-vṛttis. This includes charm caused due to the pure expression i.e. abhidhā, and also 'upacāra', or metaphorical expression, and then vyañjana also. The illustrations go to prove this. However, the main source of charm is only abidhā. The illustration viz., "ā svar-lokād uraga-nagaram" etc. (verse, '73, pp. 103, ibid), has the word "pāṇḍimānam" which contributes to a unique beauty of vṛtti, a beauty which would be missed if its synonym like 'pāṇḍutva', 'pāṇḍuta' and 'pandubhāva' were used.
Then comes 'bhāva-vakrata', a further variety of 'pada-pūrvárdha-vakrata'. K. takes it up at VJ. II. 20, (pp. 108, ibid). K. makes the point clear when he suggests that here pure expression at abidhā level makes for the charm, regardless of any acquaintance with the implicit element. A. would refuse to equate it with vyañjanā. VJ. II. 21 has 'linga-vaicitrya-vakratā', also a charm, at the abhidha level. VJ. II. 22 (pp. 106, ibid) observes that
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