Indian Antiquary Vol 62

Author(s): Richard Carnac Temple, Charles E A W Oldham, S Krishnaswami Aiyangar, Devadatta Ramkrishna Bhandarka
Publisher: Swati Publications

Page 26

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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY
[ JANUARY, 1933
freely followed by Brahmans. The internal dis-short, presents a new problem, not a solution of tinctions amonget the "Aryans" were very slight | old ones. compared with those between the "Aryans" | Father Heras tries a fresh approach. Setting as a body and the earlier black inhabitants or aside for the moment considerations of palæography Dåsas, who are termed Sudras only in the Purusha and chronology, he tabulates side by side the royal hymn. These wore regarded with contempt, but namos embodied in 45 Pallava inscriptions ; from mastere cohabited with their black femalo slaves, left to right the chart covers over ten foet of space, and there is nothing to show that neeociation with but folded in concertina form it is surprisingly the Dåsas caused pollution. Nor had the idea easy to manipulate, and the lists assume a very Arison that impurity attached to certain occupe definito pattern. Relving mainly on the Velúr. tions and social practices. All classes ate beef palaiyam plates, and treating the Prakrit and and drank strong drinks. The rules of exogamy, Sanskrit grants as of one and the same fomily, on which such stress is laid in the Sueras, had not and the Vayalür inseription as a patchwork of come into existence in Rig Vedic times.
different and overlapping documents, Father Heras During the Brahmana period "Aryan " rule groups tho aliases into a compact su..Amo of 24 was extended over a large indigenous population, kings, whose genealogy he depicts in a second and tho process of social segmentation obtained chart. In a third chart he correlates the aliases, A marked development. The "Aryans" gradually
and he justifies his conclusions in a small brochure withdrew from all occupations involving manual of 27 pages. His list starts with KalabhartriInbour and camo to rogard industrial work with Bappa: his sth.king. Skandavarman I, who used contempt. The term Sudra was now applied both Prakrit and Sanskrit, was the first to establish to the non-Aryan sorvants and craftsmen, and Pallava rule in Conjeeveram. The 8th king, a fifth varna omerged to includo the unclean castee Skandavarman II, he suggests, lost Conjoeveram such as Nishada and Chandala. But there was to the Cholag as a soquel to the defeat of his son still no legal bar to tho Brahmans taking wives Vishnugopa by Samudragupta, and it was not till from other "Aryans," and there was still inter.
the reign of the 14th king, Simhavishnu, that course between Aryan masters and their female
Conjeoveram was regained. Father Hers is servants, so that in the Gangotic valley "the bit uneasy as to the synchronism of Vishnugopa * Aryana' absorbed a good deal of non-Aryan with Samudragupta, and the period of 200 years blood." Even in the Sutra period many groups which he assigns to the Chola interregnum is of non-Aryans "silently enterod the fold of the rather long, for between Vishnugopa and Simha. twice-born." But class distinctions had now vishnu only one generation intervenes. Nor does bocome much more rigid ; ideos regarding tho he bring the Pallaves into relation with their impurity of cortoin practices and kinds of food Andhra predecessors. Nevertheless his con. came into vogue and rules woro mado regarding struction is a courageous effort, and the acceptance untouchability.
of his conclusions would solve many tiresome riddles. The Bibliography to Chapter I doos not include There is a slight slip on p. 10 of the brochuro; Buch well known works as Crooke's Cascs and the words "former" and "lattor" should be Tribes of the North West Provinces and Orch, Rus transposed. soll's Castes and Tribes of the Central Provinces
F.J. RICHARDS. and Jogendranath Bhattacharyya's Hindu Castes and Sects. Only two census reports are mentioned.
E. A C. 1O ORTENTI: PORTUGUÊS (The Portuguese East), No. 1,
December, 1931. Nova Goa, Imprensa Gonçalves, THE PALLAVA GENEALOGY. By THE REV. H.
1931. HERAS, S.J. Indian Historical Research Institute.
A word of welcome must be offered on the re. Rombay, 1931. Size 11 x 13 inches.
appearance of this Review, the organ of the PerThe study of Indian history is entangled in manent Archeological Commission of Portuguese controversios from which there seems no pacape.
India. The opening nunber is devoted to a series It is not the dates only that are olusive; the early of articles on the capitals of Goa. There is first a rulers of S. India concealed their identity in such review of the inscriptions and references in the A varioty of aliases that it is hard to decide who is chronicles to the history of the place before the who. Somo bits of evidence will not fit into the Portuguese conquest ; this is followed by a long picturo at all; others seem to fit equally well in description of the religious foundations, and then a dozen different places. When, in 1908, the an account of the various movements of Vayalar Pillar inscription was discovered, with of government in Portuguese times. Numerous a list of 54 Pallava kings, it was hoped that, for photographs add to the interest of A volume which the Pailava puzzlo at least, a key had been found. may justly he described as a substantial contribution But 64 reigns, at a modest average of four to s to local history. century, would require 1350 yerra; Vayalar, in
W. H. 21.