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INTRODUCTION
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statement of acceptance of the guru's instructions. Gāthās 156-171. contain the guru's exhortatory preaching to the anasanavratin afflicted with pains. At the end, gāthās 172-173 point out the importance of the Bhaktaparijñāprakirņaka.
16. Aurapaccakkhānapainnaya : This tract is composed in prose and verse by Śrī Virabhadrācārya. Except the eleventh sūtra written in prose, the entire work is composed in verse. A brief description of its content is as follows: Gāthās 1-9 deal with the nature of bālamarana and panditamarana. Gāthās 10-32 expound at length the panditamarana. Gāthās 33-36 inform us about the one who confesses and the one who hears the confession. Gāthās 37-45 describe asamādhimarana and mention its fruit. Gāthās 46-47 deal with bālamarana. Gāthās 48-71 delineates the reflections and the ärådhanāvidhi pertaining to panditamarana.
17. Gacchāyārapainņayam : Smaller or larger groups of monks and nuns are called 'gaccha'. This tract deals with the conduct of a gaccha; hence it is given the title 'Gacchācāraprakirnaka'. As stated in its 135th gathā, it is based upon the Mahāniśithasūtra, the Kalpasūtra (=the Bșhatkalpasūtra) and the Vyavahārasūtra. It consists of 137 gāthas. A brief description of its content is as follows. The first gāthā contains benediction and a statement of the subject-matter. The second gāthā declares that the staying in a gaccha which is on evil path is harmful to the spiritual progress. Gāthās 3-6 state that the staying in a virtuous gaccha is conducive to the spiritual progress. Gāthās 7-40 explain the characteristics of an acārya. Here there is a good discussion on the distinction between a good ācārya and a bad ācārya. Gāthās 41-106 expound the characteristics of a sådhu. They discuss various types of sådhus, viz. gītārtha, agitārtha, kuśīla, etc. Again, they describe the striking incidents necessary to know for the protection of samyama. Moreover, the distinguishing features of a good gaccha and a bad gaccha are recounted here. Gāthās 107-134 deal with the nature of an āryā (good) nun. To distinguish between an āryā nun and an anāryā nun, various events are described at length. At the end, three găthās (135-137) mention the śāstra works which constitute the basis of this tract, recommend its study and advise to act and behave according to the precepts contained in it. From this tract, we can know many things pertaining to the monastic life.
18. Sārāvalīpaiņņaya: 'Sāra' means a hymn of praise. This Prakīrņaka is a hymn written in praise of Pundarīkagiri alias Śatrumjayagiri. Hence it has been given the befitting title "Sārāvalīprakirnaka'. It contains information regarding Satrumjayagiri. It is as follows. Gāthās 1-6 sing the glory of Holy
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