Nirgrantha-2

Author(s): M A Dhaky, Jitendra B Shah
Publisher: Shardaben Chimanbhai Educational Research Centre

Page 33

H. C. Bhayani
Nirgrantha
4. samphetaSampheta is a technical term of dramaturgy. It is either a type of Arabhati Vrtti or a Sandhyanga of the Vimarśa Sandhi (Natyasastra of Bharata, Nātakalaksanaratnakośa, Kavyānuśāsana of Hemacandra, Sāhityadarpana, etc.). As Vrtti it is said to be marked by Vira, Raudra and Adbhuta, associated with fights, and duels etc. (Sägaranandin). It is an encounter of the adversaries relating to show of bravery or learning (Hemacandra). As Sandhyanga it is explained as an angry utterance (Sāgaranandin). The spelling varies as sampheta, samspheta, samphoța. Of these the last two are based on wrong reading or reinterpretation. The root smit- is recorded with the meaning 'to show disrespect' ('Dhätupātha', 32, 37) or 'to go'. Pk. bhid- derived from it means 'to confront in battle, fight' etc. (CDIAL : under bhit- 9490; abhit- 1230; sambhit-12969). Samsmit developed on the one hand as Pk. sambhid- and as *sampheda- on the other. In the latter case -m- in the cluster -msm- is unvoiced and becomes -p- under the influence of voiceless -s-, which becomes -h- and consequently we have development -ńsm-> -mph-. We can compare here tupha (= tuppha) < tuşma- of the Eastern Aśokan. Devoicing of the nasal in contact with s- and the aspiration of the resulting stop occurs also in the development Sk. -sn- > -tha- (e.g. trsna- > titthā-, visnu-> vitthu-, vrsni- > vitthi- etc. (Harivamsapurāņa, ed. L. Alsdorf, Hamburg, 1936, Introduction, p. 135). Thus sampheta- is a Samskritization of sampheda- <*saṁsmeta-. Several other terms, also of dramaturgy, are similarly derived originally from Prakrit e.g. nataka, durmal(l)ikā, silpaka, śrīgadita, sattaka, vidūsaka, avahittha, bibboka, mottāyita, kilikincita- etc.
5. Pk. addhaakkali. Hemacandra has recorded in his Deśīnāmamālā (1, 45), addhayakkali in the sense of '(standing) with arms akimbo.' The form is attayakkali according to the Païalacchi (728). The verse given by Hemacandra to illustrate the use of words noted in 1, 45, which includes 3754esit is as follows:
अरविंदराजराउर-णीसासंतं कयड्डयक्कलिआ ।
अगणंतो अवरत्तय-अणरामय-दुत्थिओ हवसि तं पि ॥ 'You, standing with arms akimbo, who is disregarding this girl giving out long and hot sighs, also will be miserable on account of repentence and restlessness.' The word is derived from Sk. ardha- 'half and cakrala- 'circle, circular' (Pk. cakkalaya=Sk. vartula-, DN. 3.20; compare also Pk. cakkalia = Sk. vartulita-). When one stands with arms akimbo, a half circle is formed on both the sides. attayakkali is the result of the usual scribal error of confusing -ddh- and -tt
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