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VIVEKACŪDAMAŅI
his mind from objects, who is patient, who has concentration and faith, let him realise himself in his ātman."
samadhim vidadhāti: It (the śruti) teaches (preaches) samadhi, (deep concentration). It is indicated that deep concentration should be practised by shutting off the mind from attachment to external propensities for the realisation of the ātman.
vidadhāti: kartavyatvena bodhyati: teaches as what should be done.
343 That this stands to reason is stated. आरूढशक्तेरहमो विनाशः
कर्तुं न शक्यः सहसाऽपि पण्डितैः । ये निविकल्पाख्यसमाधिनिश्चलाः
तानन्तराऽनन्तभवा हि वासनाः ॥३४३ ॥ ārūdhaśakterahamo vināśaḥ
kartum na sakyah sahasāpi panditaiḥ 1 ye nirvikalpākhyasamadhiniscalāh
tānantarā 'nantabhavā hi vāsanāḥ 11
The destruction of the ahamkāra which has been strong cannot be effected quickly even by the learned except by. those who are firm and unmoving in nirvikalpa samādhi. For, vāsanās are long-rooted or variously produced.
ye nirvikalpākhya-samādhi-niścalāḥ: Those who are unmoving (steadfast) in nirvikalpa samadhi. Samadhi is of two kinds: savikalpaka and nirvikalpa. The resting of mental activity in the pure Brahman in that form without the merging of the distinctions of the knower, the known and knowledge is called savikalpaka samādhi. As the clay elephant is seen though the clay alone is seen, even if the sadvastu, the Reality is seen, the triple distinction (of knower, known and knowledge) remains. Hence, this kind of samādhi is called savikalpaka. Giving up the consciousness of the triple distinctions, being firmly established in the known only is the nirvikalpaka samadhi of the mind as stated in Yoga Šāstra. Salt that is mixed with water remains indistinguishable from water; it does not appear separately. It appears one with the water. Even so, the state of the mind in nirvikalpaka samādhi is that it remains as the lone Brahman. It does not shine separately; Brahman alone shines without a second. As there is no thought of the knower etc., this is called nirvikalpaka samadhi. The difference between the two, savikalpaka and nirvikalpaka is the presence or absence of the mental modifica
