Sacred Literature of Jains

Author(s): Ganeshchandra Lalwani, Satyaranjan Banerjee
Publisher: Jain Bhawan

Page 48

SACRED LITERATURE OF THE JAINS
beginning with avaliya and reaching to sisapahelia,128 pallovama sägarovama, osappiņi, ussappiņi—the yuga is inserted between the year and the century as intermediate gradation and the quinquennial yugam is thereby still used as a means of calculation. On the other hand, we have here the same enormous extension of periods of time, which we find in upanga 6 (Jambuddivapannatti) and in the Anuyogadvārasūtra; see Bhagav, 1, 427,129 though the latter works contain some modifications not present here. The existence of the above-mentioned upanga is furthermore recognised directly in 4, 1 : cattāri pannattiu argabāhiriyau paṁ (nattāu), tam (jahā): Caṁdapannatti, Surapannatti, Jambūddivapannatti, Divasāgarapannatti. The three pannattis, which are here mentioned in addition, occur again in 3,1 : tão pannattiu kalenam ahijjamti, taṁ : Camdapannatti, Surapannatti, Divasāgarapannatti. Here and in 4, 1, are found the titles of upānga 7, 5, 6, in 3, 1, those of up. 7,5; to which in both cases the divasā® is joined, which, though not an independent member of Siddhānta, appears however as a section of the third upanga. That we have here to deal with the upāngas respectively named so and not merely [269] with homonymous doctrines, is proved by one circumstance especially ; that besides the above-mentioned enumeration of the periods of time, the abhijit series of the naksatras, which belongs to these works, is here already known-see ajjh. 7 near the end.130 And even if the direct mention of upānga texts is in this case doubtful because such mention in the angas does not occur in the text, but in the insertions at the hand of the redactor, in this case the designation in 4, 1) of the four texts as angabāhiriya is so distinct and so points to their actual existence apart from the angas, that all doubts are put at rest. How far the existing texts of upānga 7, 5, 6, are meant by this, is, as we shall soon see, still an open question. One circumstance is worthy of note : the order of names here is different from that of the existing texts; and the fourth name is equivalent merely to a part of the third upanga and not to the upānga itself.
We find in chapter 10 a second and more important statement or mention of texts existing apart from the angas. In that chapter are specified not merely the names [270] of ten dasāu (i.e. texts containing ten ajjhayaņas), but also the names of each of the 10 ajjh. Among
128 See my treatise on the naksatras, 2,381. Ind. Stud. 9,448.10,293. According
to the schol. we have here to do with the kịttikā series cf. Bhag. 1,373.441. The names of the naksatras appear here invariably in their secondary form ; dhanittha, bhaddavayā, etc. The name of the ahibudhnya is (2,3) corrupted into vividdhi (see
Ind. Stud. 10,296). 129 A number of 194 places ! tasyam caturnavat yadhikam amkasthanasat am bhavati. 130 According to Leumann's communication this occurs also in anga 5,5,1. 6.7, 25,5.