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SACRED LITERATURE OF THE JAINS
Under the head of suttaphasia the correct pronunciation of the suttas is treated of. According to the scholiast there are 32 dosas and 8 (or 6) gunas, which he discusses at length. 98 The six different means983 of making oneself certain of the correct understanding of the text are also mentioned; they are:- samhita-form of the text, pada-form, sense of the words, division of the words into component parts, consideration (of objections) and determination (rejection of the objections): samhiya ya payam ceva payattho payaviggaho | cālaṇā ya pasiddhi ya chavvi ham viddhi lakkhaṇaṁ.
[39] The fourth dāram, näe, consists of 6 gathās, of which the first four treat of the seven different forms of naya i.e. method of conception, exegesis; they are - negame, samgahe, vavahāre, ujjusue; sadde, samabhiruḍhe, evambhue, The scholiast says that they are named thus in reference to their connection which the sāmāyikādhyayanam as the background of the entire work. Verse 5 gives a general definition of the word naya. Verse 6 makes known the fact that the sahu, sädhu, must hear all its forms with their manifold methods of representation, be purified by this means, and thus remain constant in his (correct) course of action. This concluding verse too thus refers directly to the sāmāyikam, even if it does not mention it by name. It was quite necessary that here at the close some regard be had for the sāmāiam; the remaining part of the work refers to it but little.
I have collected on Bhag. 1, 373, fg. some of the data regarding its age that can be extracted from the contests of the Anuyogadv. To the arguments that have been mentioned others may be added. In the forefront is the direct connection of the work with the grammatical Sanskrit literature, especially the citation of the beginning of Panini's Dhätupäṭha. Next the information of a definite nature concerning the other literatures, Brahminical, etc. of that period. The nine kavvarasas point to a highly developed system of rhetoric, and the gōhas cited therein demonstrate the existence of a rich Prakrit poetry after the fashion of the vesses in Hala's Saptasatakam. The names cited in the formation of taddhitas are perhaps to be regarded as titles of dramas (cf. näḍagādi at the end of the loiya works) or [40] of romances. See p. 386. Bharatam (but not Mahabh.") and Rāmāyaṇam
982 The scholiast is here very prolix, though the text is very compact and brief.
983 See on this .Haribh on Avasy. 10; 1 etc,; in an avacuri on the oghaniryukti
we read askhalitapadoccaranam samhita; padavibhāgah padani: padanam arthah padarhah; padavigrahastu samāsabhāmji padāni; calana purvapakṣāsamka; pratyavasthanam nirakaranena svapakṣasthapanam.
