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SACRED LITERATURE OF THE JAINS
the other hand asserts that there is a five-fold division of samana 1 niggaṁtha-Sakka Śākya)-tāvasa-geruya ajivä with which Abhayadeva too is acquainted (see p. 281"). He connects the paṁduramga with the naiyayika. (But cf. above, p. 26).
Under the head of bhavapamana, as a species of pamāṇanāma, the composition of words is first treated of. There are seven forms of this, the examples of the first form being given (see pp. 29, 30) in Sanskrit, viz. - I. damda, examples: damtaś ca oṣṭham ca, damtoṣṭhau, stanau ca udaram ca stanodaram.. vastrapātraṁ.. aśvamahiṣau... ahinakulam. 2, bahuvvlhi, 3. kammadharaya, 4. digu, 5. tappurisa, 6. avvayibhava, and-7. ekasesa, the plural as a collection of several units (there is no dual). The eight-fold taddhitas follow the compounds: kammam 1 sippa 2 siloe 3 samjoya 4 samivao 5 a samjuhe 6 issaria 7 'vaccena 8 ya taddhitanāmam tu aṭṭhaviham.||
It is peculiar that among these examples there are almost as many of primary as of secondary formation and in fact [33] even compounds.969 The commentary explains this peculiarity, which is to be ascribed to actual ignorance (cf. the wilful blunder, p. 30) as follows iha taddhitaśabdena taddhitapraptihetubhūto 'rtho grhyate, tato yatra'pi tunnäe tamtuvãe ity-adau taddhitapratyayo na drsyate tatra 'pi taddhetubhūtārthasya vidyamānatvät taddhitajatvam (perhaps merely taddhitatvam) siddham bhavati,
It is especially interesting that here samjuha, samyutha are explained by the scholiast as gramtharacanã, so that the examples cited in the text are to be regarded as titles of literary compositions: Taraṁgavati, Malayavatt, Sattanusaṭṭhi (atta) and Bimdu are such names ! dhätue is said by the text to be the third group of bhavapamāņa. It is explained in Sanskrit in the following most singular fashion :- bhu sattāyām parasmaibhāṣā, edha vṛddhau, spardha samharse, gädhr pratisthalipsayor gramthe ca, bädhṛ loḍane, se'ttam dhatue. This is nothing more than the beginning of Panini's dhätupäṭha; see Westergaard Radices, p. 344. The fourth group, niruttie, enumerates in Sanskrit a large number of very peculiar etymologies; mahyam sete mahiṣaḥ,
samane,
969 On 1 taṇahārae etc., on 2 vatthie, tunnãe tamtuväe etc, on 3 mahane, -on 4 ranno sasurae salae, on 5 girissa samive nagaram girinagaram. Vidisãe s. n. Vedisam on Taramgavarkare (in BR invariably kärae), Malayavatti (vai BR) kāre, satta (atta BR)nusatthikare, bimdukare (cf. dharmabindu lokabimdu, p. 457) on 7 isare talavare maḍambie... on 8 arahamtamāyā, cakkavaṭṭimāyā, Baladevamāyā, Vasudevamāyā.
