________________
174
SACRED LITERATURE OF THE JAINS
niggarthina), --7 of the rājādinim avagraha, -8 of the sddharmikavagraha, -9 of the chara,-- 10 of the abhigraha.
See above, p. 445, in reference to the vavahāra as source of the gacchåyåra.
XXXVIII. Fourth chedasūtram, the dasão or avaradascu, daśas, in fuller form daśāśrutaskandha, in 10 uddesas (uddesanakāla Āvasy. 16,109), of which I to 9 are called dasā, the eighth is called also ajjhayanaṁ and the tenth ajjhayaņaṁ only. In Āvas y 2,5 the speaker declares himself to be author of a dasānaṁ niyyutti whose author tradition (see Jacobi, 1. c. p. 12) calls Bhadrabahu. The great antiquity of the text is proved by the fact that not only is it cited in anga, 3,10 under the title Ayara.. dasáu, but also the names of its ten ajjh. cited there are the same as those given here. See p. 272.
Each of the first seven dasás begins after the fashion of anga 1 with the formula : suyaṁ me ausam ! tenaṁ (468) bhagavayā evaṁ akkhaya and closes with ti bemi. After akkhāyam there follows another formula, which briefly says that the contents of the following section is as "therehis bhagavamtehim pannatta," as in up. 3 (p. 388), see Abhayadeva on anga 3,10f 288. The doctrines in question it refers to the predecessors of the bhagavant (see also up. 10, p 423). In the first dasă 20 asamāhitphână are treated of, in the second 21 sabalā 44 (sabalāni), in the third 33 åsāyanāu, in the fourth 8 ganisaṁpada, in the fifth 10 cittasamdhithana, or, according to V. attasohi (here there is a legend of a sermon of Mahavira at the time of Jiyasattu, king of Våniyagama, closing with 17 ślokas , in the sixth 11 wasagapadimàu, in the seventh 12 bhikkhupadimāu. All this deals with regulations having reference to the department of the vinaya, and treats of the course of life and the discipline of the laity and clergy.845 The method of treatment is short and compact.
The eighth section is called ajjhayaņam, but in anga 3,10 as in V., pajjosāvanäkappo, exceeds the first 7 dasas in its contents and in its extent. Certainly its largest portion has been inserted here at a later period. It is formed of the work called Kalpasūtra and in fact of the entire work of this name in its three parts, according to the MSS. and
814 Cf. Av. 18, 94-99, and Prašnavyåk, conclusion (Leumann). 845 Cf. Avasy. 16,17 fg.
