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THE INDIAN ANTIQUARY.
[APRIL, 1881.
he remarked to him that Buduantsar was the repudiated this expression, however, and urged common ancestor of himself and Chamukha that the whole thing was a joke. In Temujin's by one wife, and that it was therefore perhaps army two brothers, belonging to the Sakant, natural that he should have clang to the latter, named Uker Gulji or Kilji and Gudus or Khudun but he had had a dream in which he saw a Gulji or Kilji, commanded hazaras in the left white cow attack the yurts and kibitkas of wing." Temujin was also joined by SorChamukha with its horns, and break one of khatuchjurki with his two sons, Sacha-biki and them in doing so. It then tore up the ground Daichu, belonging to the clan Jurki; by before Chamukha, and bellowed out to him to re- Khuchar Biki, the son of Nigun Taishi; and store it its horn. Thereupon a strong and horn- by Altan Utjigen, son of Khutala or Khutlugh less bull came along from the road along which Khakan,-all three near relatives of his own. Temujin's kibitka was travelling, and roared out The Yuan-ch'ao-pi-shi tells us the various allies that heaven had decreed that the latter should be and friends above named joined Temujin the ruler of the empire. This dream had deter- when he was encamped at the little river mined his decision. He then went on to say, Kimurka" in the district of Aitkharakhana. If you make yourself the ruler of the empire, Thence he moved his camp and reached the place what will you do for me? Temujin replied Gurilga near the river Sangur," and finally that if he in fact became the ruler of the empire, halted at Kharajurige close to lake Kokonur. he would make him a temnil, i.e. a governor of This lake I cannot find on the mape, but it was 10,000 houses. Khorchi replied that atem- probably north of the Keralon and near the nik's place was but a poor reward for such an river Sanghir. He now seems to have had a important piece of news as he had given him, very considerable following, and proceeded to and he asked that in addition he might be organize the nation in an elaborate manner. allowed free choice of 30 lovely maidens and According to Rashid he divided it into to have whatever he asked besides.
tumans, hazaras, sadehs, and dehas, and altoTo revert again to the list of his friends. gether they formed 13 gurans or brigades. Temujin was also joined by Khunan and Rashid uses the name guran for these divisions, others from the tribe Genigesy and by Daritai and tells us it was equivalent to khalkhah, Utjigen from the tribe Jadar. He was Temujin's which meant a ring, circle, or mass of men uncle, and the tribe Jadar was probably a
under a leader. The gurans answered accordclan of the Mongols proper. Rashid tells using to Von Hammer to the rings among he at first joined his nephew, but afterwards, as the Avars. Erdmann compares them to the we shall see, separated from him." From the Greek phalanxes and the solid squares of tribe Sakaut" there joined him Mulkhalkhu. modern tactics. Over each guran was set & The Sakant formed a section of the Barins. gurkhan. The thirteen gurkhans with their When Temujin made Biki the chief of the latter followers are thus enumerated by Rashid tribe, a free ungkun (which was apparently a a'd-dinposition like that of a terkhan, involving special 1. Olun Eke, or Khoilun, Temujin's privileges), he was privileged to sit in the court mother, with her immediate relatives and deabove the rest, and, like the royal princes, pendents. After his father's death Temojin took his position on the right side. His horses married his mother to Menglik Echigeh of the were mingled with those of Temujin. As he tribe Umaut, and appointed him a commander reached a very great age, Temnjin ordered of the Right Wing." that a Sakaut should always stand beside a 2. Temujin with his amirs and following. horse when Biki wished to take a ride, so that 1 3. Rashid-u'd-din assignsthisguran to Burahe might the more easily mount, whence the ja Bakhadur," the descendant of SamSakants were called the Biki's equerries. They Khajiun, brother of Khabul Khân who com
» Palladius muggests that the title is of Khitan or Jarji origin.
* Erdmann, Temudschin, p. 252. 91 The Sukayut of Rashid.
"Berezine, vol. I, pp. 198-190; Erdmann, op. cit. pp. 223-224.
1 Vide supra. 11 1.e. the Sanghir, vide ante.
* Erdmann, Temudschin, p. 261. Douglas, op. cit. p. 11.
* Erdmann, op. cit., note 50. Berezine, vol. I, p. 158; Erdmann, pp. 203-204. * Erdmann reads the name Taliaju Bahadur.
