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CHINGHIZ KHAN AND HIS ANCESTORS.
SEPTEMBER, 1881.]
yourselves. Trust in Temujin, for you cannot do without him. Defend to the last the sources of the three rivers, and do not let any one occupy them." To Toorin, otherwise called Tooril, whom he addressed as brother, he said, "I call you brother because in former times Tunbina' and Charakhailinkhu had a slave called Okhda, and Okhda had a son called Subegai, who had a son Kokochakirsaan, who had a son Yegaikhuantokhar, who was thy father. For the sake of whom are you flattering Wang Khân. If Altan and Khuchar will not have me, they will never allow any one else to rule over our people, and you are my slave by descent." Chinghiz also sent a message to Wang Khân's son, Sankun or Sengun. "I am your father's son, and was born with clothes: you are his son, but you were born naked. Our father never caressed us both equally. You became suspicious and afraid that I should come before you, you hated and sent me away. Cease now to cause your father grief and suffering. Go to him and dispel his sorrow and loneliness. If you do not rid yourself of your old jealous spirit you will be trying to become ruler during his lifetime and cause him suffering."
When Arkhaikhasar and Sugyegaijiun had delivered Chinghiz Khân's message to Sankun, the latter said, "When he gave my father the title of Khân, he really meant to call him 'the Butcher of the people,' and when he styled me Anda, he meant to say Tokhtoashuin.10 I have discovered the hidden meaning of his words. They mean war. You Bilgebike and Todoyan raise the great standard and feed the horses. There is no room for further doubt." Then Arkhaikhasar returned, but his companion Sugyegaijian remained behind, inasmuch as his wife was in the hands of Toorin.1a
Rashida'd-din and the Huang-Yuan report this matter in almost identical phrases. They make Chinghiz begin his letter to Altan and Khuchar by an accusation that they wished to kill him, and either to leave his body on the surface or to bury it underneath. They then relate the story very much as in the Yuanch'ao-pi-shi. The Huang-Yuan adds a little local colour in a phrase in which Chinghiz explains how, when the others refused the Khânship, he took it because he did not wish to see an old inhabited country overgrown with wild grass, nor the cart roads obstructed by broken doors.15 These authorities close the letter with a reminder how Ching hiz had made over to his relatives the booty in cattle in kibitkas, women and children which he had captured, and how he had enclosed for them the wild game of the plains and driven to them the wild game of the mountains. Both the authorities just cited refer to the incident about Tooril or Toghril. Berezine and Erdmann read the name Togrul or Toghril. In the HuangYuan it is given as Tolin; Rashidu'd-din makes him the son of Eke Khunktogir, the son of Kukjukhirsa, the son of Sueke Buul, the son of Taken Tudula." The Huang-Yuan makes him the son of Jegaikhuantokhor, the son of Kokochu
The correspondence between Ching hiz Khân and the princes at the court of Wangkhersi, the son of Sueyeyege, the son of Tata.15 Khan is also mentioned by other authorities. Rashidu'd-din makes Chinghiz remind ToThe Yuan-shi merely refers to the message ghril that he was a slave of his family, and if he sent to Altan and Khuchar, and in much had any intentions of appropriating his1 ulus,
i. e. the Onon, Kerulon, and Tala, the cradle land of the Mongols.
i. e. Tumeneh Khân.
si, e. Jerki Lingun.
Yuan-ch'ao-pi-shi, pp. 93 and 94.
10 This is no doubt some proverbial phrase in use among the Mongols. Palladins says the last expression means to have connection with the Myerkitams, to whom was allotted the plaiting of sheeps' tails and curls, and was a term of opprobrium, since sheeps' tails and curls were deemed useless. Id., notes 330 and 331.
the same terms as above quoted, but makes the letter conclude with the words-"at present you are on friendly terms with Wang Khân, but no one is more fickle than he. See how he treated me, and if he has treated me thus who have been his friend so often, what may not you expect from him ?!" Mr. Douglas, I may add, reads the names Altan and Khuchar, Alertan and Hutser. Hyacinthe reads them Altan and Khusher; De Mailla1 And anand Hosara. DeMailla also names with them Talitai, doubtless the Toorin or Tooril of the Yuan-ch'aopi-shi.
265
11. e. Chinghiz Khan's envoy.
13 Op. cit., pp. 94 and 95.
13 Douglas, op. cit., p. 37; Hyacinthe, pp. 27 and 28.
1 Tom. IX, p. 31.
15 Op. cit., p. 173.
18 Berezine, vol. II, pp. 139 and 140; Erdmann, pp. 292 and 293; D'Ohsson, vol. I, pp. 77 and 78; Huang-Yuan, pp. 172 and 178.
Berezine, vol. II, p. 140.
15 Op. cit., p. 173.
19 Chinghiz Khan's.
