Gunasthan ka Adhyayan

Author(s): Deepa Jain
Publisher: Deepa Jain
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/009365/1

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gaNasthAna kA adhyayana DaoN. dIpA jaina ema. e. jaina darzana evaM prAkRta bhASA vidyAvAcaspati- prAkRta bhASA DiplomA - sahakAritA prabaMdha prakAzaka

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anukramaNikA adhyAya pRSTha saMkhyA 5-20 21-64 65-77 78-84 85-99 100-108 109-114 guNasthAnaH aitihAsika pakSa tathA guNasthAna se | jur3e tattva ciMtaka ghaTakoM kA vizleSaNa guNasthAna kA svarUpaH caudaha guNasthAna guNasthAna evaM mArgaNAeM guNasthAna va anuyoga dvAra cintana guNasthAna evaM karma-siddhAnta tattavArtha sUtra meM nihita guNasthAna abhigama kI samIkSA | dravyasaMgraha meM guNasthAnaka siddhAnta guNasthAna kA manovaijJAnika vizleSaNa pramukha bhAratIya darzanoM meM guNasthAnaka sthitiyoM / kA tulanAtmaka vizleSaNa(a) gItA aura guNasthAna (135-142) (A) bauddha darzana aura guNasthAna(143-149) (i) yoga paramparA meM varNita AdhyAtmika vikAsa aura guNasthAna (150-159) varNa vyavasthA meM nihita AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke pratimAna evaM guNasthAna (160-164) upasaMhAraHmAnavIya mano-sAmAjika upAdeyatA kI vikAsa yAtrA patha meM..... guNasthAna adhyayanaH 115-132 133-164 165-166 167-169 pAribhASika zabda | saMdarbha sUcI 170-177

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AbhAra darzana bhAratIya saMskRti meM guru kA sthAna govinda se pahale AtA hai kyoMki lakSya siddhi kI rAha meM ekamAtra guru hI saccA patha-pradarzaka va sahAyaka siddha hotA hai| isa nAte maiM sarvaprathama apane zodha-nirdezaka DaoN. dInAnAtha zarmAjI kA savinaya zraddhApUrvaka AbhAra vyakta karatI hU~ jinhoMne na sirpha mujhe isa zodha kArya kA avasara pradAna karake upakRta kiyA hai apitu isa zodha sAdhanA meM Apane apanA amUlya samaya va yathocita mArgadarzana pradAna kara zodha kArya ko samagratA pradAna kI hai| maiM jIvanabhara inakI RNI rhuuNgii| maiM zraddhApUrvaka namana karate hue una sabhI dharmAcAryoM ke prati hRdaya se kRtajJatA jJApita karanA cAhatI hU~ jinhoMne isa viSaya se jur3I avadhAraNAoM ke saMdarbha meM pratyakSa vicAra-vimarza ke dvArA vibhinna rahasyoM ko ujAgara karake mere zodha kArya ko sahI dizA meM baDhAne meM madada kI maiM mohana lAla sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura ke prAkRta bhASA evaM jaina darzana vibhAga ke saha-prAdhyApaka DaoN. jinendra jaina ke prati kRtajJatA jJApita kara harSa kA anubhava kara rahI hU~ jinhoMne merI vidyAvAcaspati kI maukhika parIkSA ke samaya isa zodha kArya ko prakAzita karane kI anuzaMsA kI aura isake pazcAta bhI samaya samaya para sahaja rUpa se apanA bahumUlya mArgadarzana pradAna kiyaa| maiM apane janmadAtA pUjanIya mAtA-pitA zrImatI raina maMjUSA devI- zrI vijaya svarUpa jaina tathA sabhI bujurgoM kA unake snehAzISa ke lie aMtaHkaraNa se AbhAra vyakta karanA naitika kartavya samajhatI hU~ jinheM mere kucha nayA karane para apAra khuzI milatI hai unakA yahI harSollAsa mere lie AzIrvAdarUpa sAbita huA hai| maiM apane sadA-sahayogIvRtti rakhane vAle pati zrI amitAbha jaina va beTI arinA jaina kI tahedila se zukragujAra hU~ jinhoMne sadaiva merI paristhitiyoM va jarUratoM ke anukUla rahane meM kabhI kRpaNatA nahIM btaaii| ApakI isa sAmanjasyapUrNavRttijanita sahajatA va AtmIyatA ne mujhe kArya karane kI jo UrjA va preraNA pradAna kI hai use mere lie zabdoM meM vyakta kara pAnA saMbhava nahIM hai| sabhI snehila bhAI-bhAbhI DaoN. lokeza - mInU, soneza - razmi, bhatIje-bhatIjI izikA, IzAna va aMzikA evaM aMjikA kA bhI AbhAra vyakta karanA cAhU~gI jinake pratyakSa va parokSa sahakAra se maiM isa zodha kArya ko pUrNa kara skii|

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maiM gujarAta vidyApITha graMthAlaya, ahamadAbAda, jaina mahAvIra ArAdhanA kendra graMthAlaya -, kobAgAMdhInagara ke sabhI sadasyoM kA AbhAra vyakta karanA nahIM bhUla sakatI jinhoMne hara prakAra kI upayakta sAmagrI upalabdha karAne meM sadaiva tatparatA dikhAI hai| maiM una sabhI mitroM va hiteSiyoM kA AbhAra vyakta karanA apanA kartavya samajhatI hU~ jo isa kArya meM pratyakSa va parokSa rUpa se sahayogI siddha hue haiM kintu kinhIM kAraNovaza jinakA nAmollekha yahA~ saMbhava nahIM ho sakA hai| aMta meM maiM parama pitA paramezvara va vidyA kI devI mA~ sarasvatI kA AbhAra mAnate hue svayaM ko kRtajJa mAnatI hU~ jinakI anukampA ke binA isa zodha-sAdhanA kI kalpanA hI nahIM kI jA sktii| maiM apanI ajJAnatA yA saMgaNaka kI bhUloM ke lie sudhI pAThakagaNoM ke prati kSamA yAcanA karanA cAhatI hU~ tathA sujhAva AmaMtrita hetu hArdika apIla karatI huuN| - dIpA jaina

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adhyAya-1 guNasthAna (aitihAsika pakSa tathA guNasthAna se jur3e tattva ciMtaka ghaTakoM kA vizleSaNa) bhamikA vizva ke sabhI dharmo evaM vicAradhArAoM meM bhArata ke dharmoM evaM vicAradhArAoM kI eka viziSTa mahattA hai| bhAratIya citaMna paramparA mukhya rUpa se do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai- vaidika paramparA aura zramaNa prmpraa| vaidika paramparA pravRttimArgI hai isameM yajJa yajJAdi karake iSTadevoM ko prasanna kara AdhyAtmika sukha kI prApti ke sAtha-sAtha bhautika sukha kI bhI kAmanA kI jAtI hai| pUrA vaidika vAGamaya isI para kendrita hai| isake do bhAga haiM- karmakAMDa aura jnyaankaaNdd| karmakAMDa yajJAdi kI vidhi-pravidhi kA vivaraNa dete haiN| isameM devoM ko prasanna kara bhautika aura AdhyAtmika sukha pAne kI ceSTA kI jAtI hai jabaki jJAnakAMDa meM jIva, paramAtmA jagata, jIva kA jagata vizAda saMbandha ityAdi viSayoM para citaMna kiyA jAtA hai tathA zramaNaparamparA pUrNarUpa se nivRttimArgI hai / isameM mukhyarUpa se do dharmoM kA samAveza hotA hai- jainadharma aura bauddhdhrm| vaise to mahAvIra svAmI ke samaya meM 356 dharma- sampradAya vidayamAna the| ye donoM hI dharma mukhya rUpa se isa saMsAra ko chor3akara janma aura maraNa ke cakra se chuTakArA pAkara cirasthAI sukha kI prapti ke lie prayatna karane meM vizvAsa karate haiM jise mokSa kahA jAtA hai| vizeSa rUpa se jaina paramparA yaha mAnatI hai ki saMsAra meM jIva kA AnA pUrva-janma kA pariNAma hai| jIva jaba taka saMsAra meM rahegA taba taka zAsvata sukha kI prApti nahIM hogI mokSa pAkara hI use zAsvata sukha kI prApti ho sakatI hai mokSa hI carama lakSya hai| isa carama lakSya ko pAne ke lie jaina manISiyoM ne chaH dravya kahe haiM- jIva, ajIva, pudagala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kaal| yaha brahmAMDa do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai- lokAkAza aura alokaakaash| ye chahoM dravya lokAkAza meM pAye jAte hai| isa jagata meM sAta tattva hote haiM- jIva, ajIva, Azrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokss| guNasthAnoM kI gati ke sAtha inakA sahasambanadha dekhane ko milatA hai| guNasthAna kA aitihAsika pakSa guNasthAna AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA ke sopAnoM kA eka kramabaddha samuccaya hai jisameM guNasthAna ke saiddhAntika va vyAvahArika pakSa tathA karma evaM karmaphala Adi ke pratimAnoM kI spaSTatA kI gaI hai| bhAratIya darzana ke lagabhaga hara pramukha darzana meM AdhyAtmika unnati kI saiddhAntika sthitiyoM ko samajhAyA gayA hai| guNasthAna evaM usameM varNita 14 sthitiyoM ko jaina darzana meM sthAna milA hai| isakI do pramukha paramparAeM haiM- zvetAmbara aura digmbr| zvetAmbara paramparA meM 14 Avazyaka niyuktiyAM astitva meM hai kintu guNasthAna kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai| 7vIM sadI kI kRti 'Avazyaka cUrNi' meM sarva prathama isakA jikra kiyA gayA hai| samavAyAMga meM 14 sthitiyoM kA ullekha hai kintu use jIvaThANa

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yA jIva sthAna kahA gayA hai| digambara paramparA meM Agama graMtha prAcIna mAne jAte haiN| AcArya kundakunda kRta aSTa pAhur3a, samayasAra, pravacana sAra, darzana sAra, SaTkhaNDAgama (dhavalA TIkA), mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA, nemIcandra kRta gaummaTasAra, dravya saMgraha, umAsvAmikRta tatvArthasUtra, pUjyapAda devanandIkRta sarvArthasiddhi, bhaTTa akalaMka kA rAjavArtika, vidyAnandajIkRta zlokavArtika tathA darzanasAra Adi pramukha graMtha isI paramparA se sambandha rakhate haiN| ina sabhI meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke kucha na kucha ghaTakoM yA aMzoM kI carcA kI gaI hai yahA~ taka ki guNasthAna siddhAnta meM prayukta zabdAvalI upazama, kSaya, kSINamoha, sUkSma samparAya, kaSAyacatuSka, bhAvoM, jIvatva Adi kA prayoga inameM huA hai lekina guNasthAnoM yA 14 bhUmiyoM/paryAyoM ko lekara SaTkhaNDAgama ke sivAya anyatra samanvita svarUpa dRSTigocara nahIM hotA / yadyapi isameM guNasthAna ko jIva samAsa ( jIva kI avasthA / paryAya) kahA gayA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM sAta nayA~ naigama saMgraha vyavahAra RjusUtra zabda samibhiruddha evaM evaMbhUta) varNita haiN| jIvasamAsa meM aMtima do nayoM kA allekha nahIM hai| vahIM siddhasena divAkara naigama naya ko asvIkAra karate hue samabhirUr3ha evaM evaMbhUta ke sAtha inakI saMkhyA 6 mAnate haiN| isase pratIta hotA hai ki nayoM kI avadhAraNA chaThI sadI ke uttarArdha meM vikasita huI hai aura jIvasamAsa isase pUrva jabaki guNasthAnoM ke AdhAra para avalokana kiyA jAya to spaSTa hotA hai ki tattvArthasUtra meM guNasthAnoM kI avadhAraNA jyoM kI tyoM dekhane ko nahIM milatI jabaki jIva samAsa meM hai| SaTkhaNDAgama meM bhI pA~ca nayA~ kA ullekha hai| guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA lagabhaga pA~cavIM sadI ke uttarArddha aura chaThI sadI ke pUrvArddha meM kabhI astitva meM AyI hogI aisA mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa samaya meM jIvasthAna, guNasthAna va mArgaNAsthAna kA eka dUsare se pArasparika saha sambandha nizcita ho cukA thaa| guNasthAnoM kI avadhAraNA jaina dharma kI eka pramukha avadhAraNA hai tathApi pracIna stara ke jainAgamoM AcArAMga, sUtrakRtAMga, uttarAdhyayana, RSibhASita, dazavaikAlika va bhagavatI ArAdhanA Adi meM isa siddhAnta kA koI ullekha nahIM hai / sarvaprathama caudaha guNasthAnoM ko samavAyAMgasUtra meM mAtra jIvasthAna (jIvaThANa) ke nAma se tathA SaTkhaNDAgama meM guNasthAna ke nAma se jAnA gayA hai| jIvasamAsa usa prArambhika kAla kI racanA hai jaba guNasthAnoM kI avadhAraNA jIvasamAsa ke nAma se prArambha hokara guNasthAna siddhAnta ke rUpa meM apanA svarUpa le rahI thii| kammavisohimaggaNaM paDucca caudasa jIvANa paNNattA taM jahA micchAdiTThI, sAsAyaNasammAdiTThI, sammAmicchAdiTThI, avirayasammAdiTThI, virayavirae, pamattasaMjae, appamattasaMjae, niaTThibAyare, aniaTThibAyare, suhamasaMmparAe, uvasAmae vA khavae vA, uvasaMtamohe, khINamohe, sajogI kevalI, ayogI kevalI / / samavAyAMga- sampAdaka madhukara muni 6

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micchAdihI sAsAyaNe ya taha smmmicchaaditttthiiy| avirasaMsammadiTThI virayAvirae matte y|| tatte ya appamatto niyaTTianiyaTTibAyare suhume| uvasaMta khINa mohe hor3a sajogI ajogI y|| niyuktisaMgraha (Avazyakaniyukti) pR. 149 tattha imAtiM coddasa guNahANANi... ajogikevalI nAma salesIpADivannao, so ya tIhiM jogehiM virahito jAva kakhagaghaGa iccetAiM paMcahassakkharAiM uccarijjaMti evatiyaM kAlamajogikevalI bhAvitUNa tohe savvakammaviNimukko siddha bhvti|| AvazyakacUrNi (jinadAsagaNi ) uttara bhAga, pR. 133-136 edesi ceva coddasaNhaM jIvasamAsANa paruvaNahadAe tattha imANi aTTha aNiyogadvArANi yavvANi, bhavaMti micchadihi....sajogakevalI ajogakevalI siddhaA cedi|| -SaTkhaNDAgama (satprarupaNA) 4,154-201 micchAdihI sAsAdaNo ya missA asaMjado cev| desavirado pamatto apamatto taha ya nnaayvvo|| etto apuvvakaraNo aNiyahI suhumasaMparAo y| uvasaMtakhINamoho sajogikevalijiNe ajogI ya / / suraNArayesu cattAri hoti tiriyesu jhANa pNcev| maMNudIevi tahA coddsgunnnnaamgheyaanni|| -mUlAcAra (paryAptyAdhikAra) pR. 273-279 adha khavayaseDhimadhigamma kuNai sAdhu apuvvakaraNaM so| hoi tamapuvvakaraNaM kayAi appttpuvvNti| aNivittikaraNaNANaM NavamaM guNaThANayaM ca adhigmm| NiddANiddA payalA payalA tadha thINagiddhi ca / / -bhagavatI ArAdhanA, bhAga-2 pR. 890 samayAvAMga ke pazcAta zvetAmbara sampradAya meM AvazyakaniyuktiyoM meM inakA ullekha milatA hai kintu inameM bhI ise guNasthAna na kahakara jIvasthAna kahA gayA hai|

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digambara kI acela paramparA meM kasAyapAhuDa ko chor3akara SaTkhaNDAgama, mUlAcAra bhagavatI ArAdhanA, devanandI kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA, bhaTTa akalaMka kA rAjavartika, vidyAnandI ke zlokavartika meM isa siddhAnta kA ullekha hai| tat ina nAmoM kA ullekha na honA Azcarya kA viSaya hai yadayapi naveM adhyAya meM karma nirjarA ke rUpa meM Atmavizaddhi kI sthitiyoM kA ullekha hai| yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki jaina paramparA meM tIsarI va cauthI sadI taka guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA anupasthita thii| pA~cavI sadI meM yaha siddhAnta pahale jIvasthAna yA jIva samAsa ke nAma se astitva meM AyA / mUlAcAra meM guNasthAna ke lie guNa kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA meM dhyAna ke prasaMga meM caudaha meM se sAta guNasthAnoM kA varNana hai| devanaMdI kI sarvArthasiddhI TIkA meM satprarUpaNA ke mAdhyama se mArgaNAoM va mArgaNA ke saMbandha meM carcA kI gaI hai| SaTkhaNDAgama samAnya zaurasenI va gadya meM tathA jIvasamAsa mahArASTrI prAkRta va padya meM racita hai| SaTkhaNDAgama va jIvasamAsa meM ATha anuyoga dvAra haiN| zavetAmbara paramparA ke Agama pradhAna graMthoM meM mArgaNA va guNasthAnoM kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai jo digambara paramparA meM hai| jaina paramparA meM aMgadharoM ke samAna hI pUrvadharoM kI eka svataMtra paramparA rahI hai aura karma sAhitya vizeSa rUpa se pUrva sAhitya kA vizeSa aMga rahA hai| aitihAsika pariprekSya meM guNasthAna abhigama kI upasthiti kI samIkSA karane para yaha niSkarSa nikAlA jA sakatA hai ki digambara - zvetAmbara donoM hI jaina sampradAyoM ke pramukha prAcIna graMthoM meM ina 14 sthitiyoM kA guNasthAna ke rupa meM ullekha na honA isa avadhAraNA kI ina grathoM se prAcIna honA darzAtA hai| kintu samAna zabdAvalI kI anuprayukti yaha sambandha spaSTa karatI hai ki guNasthAna kI racanA chaThI zatAbdI ke pUrva kI hai evaM Agama ke samakAlIna rahI hai| isa samaya ke pazcAtavartI graMthoM meM 14 guNasthAnoM kA kisI na kisI rupa meM jikra honA bhI yahI siddha karatA pratIta hotA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM guNasthAna zabda sarva prathama Avazyaka cUrNi - siddhasenagaNi kI tattvArtha bhAvyavRti, haribhadra kI Avazyakaniyukti TIkA (jo 8vIM ke pUrva taka kI racanA hai) meM prayoga huA hai| digambara paramparA meM pA~cavI-chaThavIM sadI ke pramukha graMtha SaTkhaNDAgama, mUlAcAra, bhagavatI ArAdhanA haiM jinameM guNasthAnoM kI upasthiti hai| 14 guNasthAna vyavasthita svarUpa meM SaTkhaNDAgama meM milate haiM bhale hI unheM jIvasamAsa kahakara sambodhita kiyA ho| mUlAcAra meM 14 guNasthAnoM ke guNanAma hai| pUjyapAda devanandIjI kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA meM bhI ina guNasthAnoM (guNaTThANa) kA vistRta ullekha hai isameM 14 mArgaNAoM aura guNasthAna ke sambandha

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ko lekara vistAra se varNana hai| AcArya kunda- kunda ke kasAya pAhur3a meM isakI carcA nahIM hai kintu unakI anya kRtiyoM- niyamasAra aura samayasAra meM maggaNAThANa, guNaThANa va jIvaThANa zabdoM kA vibhinna arthoM meM prayoga kiyA gayA hai| yathA - jIvasthAna = jIvoM ke janma grahaNa karane kI yoniyAM haiN| ye Age jAkara guNasthAna va jIvaThANa donoM prathaka svarUpa meM vikasita hue / guNasthAna = yaha jIva paryAya ke guNa tathA usakA karma sambandha Adi ke adhyayana kI viziSTa viSaya-vastu banane lgaa| AcArya haribhadra ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki Avazyakaniyukti kI gAthAeM usakI mUla gAthA nahIM hai ve saMgrahaNI se lekara prakSepita kI gaI hai| lagabhaga pA~cavI zatAbdI ke aMta taka guNasthAna kA svarUpa spaSTa ho gayA thaa| isameM karmabaMdha, udaya, udIraNA kI gaNanA (niyama siddhAnta) bhI spaSTa kie gye| samavAyAMga meM mArgaNAoM kI vistAra se carcA huI hai| umAsvAmi kRta tattvArthasUtra meM karma nirjarA kI 10 avasthAoM va bandha ke svarUpa Adi kI tattva-janita carcA huI jisake calate guNasthAna karma vizuddhi vizleSaNa ke carama taka phuNcaa| jIvasamAsa - guNasthAnaka viSayavastujIvasamAsa ke graMthakAra kauna the yaha to spaSTa nahIM hai| isakA jJAna 8vIM sadI ke AcAra haribhadra ko bhI nahIM thaa| nandIsUtra evaM pAkSikasUtra (5vIM sadI kI racanA) meM Agama-graMthoM kA ullekha hai kintu jIvasamAsa kA nahIM phira bhI isakI viSayavastu ke AdhAra para ise pUrva sAhitya kA eka mahatvapUrNa graMtha avazya mAnA jA sakatA hai| jIvasamAsa arthAta jIvoM kI vibhinna avsthaaeN| jina sAta nayoM kI carcA pU. umAsvAmIjI ne tatvArtha-sUtra (jise chaThI sadI kI racanA mAnA jAtA hai ) meM kI hai ve mUla meM pA~ca haiM- naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, RjusUtra aura shbd| guNasthAna ke samAnArthI jIvasamAsa nAmaka graMtha meM inhIM pA~ca nayoM kI avadhAraNA ko ullakhita kiyA gayA hai| isa dRSTi se jIvasamAsa kA racanA kAla 5vIM se chaThI sadI ke madhya kA mAnA jA sakatA hai| jJAtavya hai ki jIvasamAsa ke hI pramukha ghaTakoM ko guNasthAna ke rUpa meM prastuta kiyA gyaa| tattvArthasUtra aura guNasthAna jaina darzana meM umAsvAmikRta tattvArthasUtra ko karma vizuddhi kA vivecana karane vAlA eka pramukha graMtha mAnA jAtA hai| guNasthAna siddhAnta kI bhA~ti isameM bhI karmoM ke kSaya aura upazama kI bAta kI gaI hai phira bhI kucha bhinnatAeM dikhatI haiN| tattvArthasUtra meM karma vizuddhi kI 10 avasthAeM mAnI gaI haiM jinameM se prathama pA~ca kA sambandha darzanamoha tathA aMtima pA~ca kA sambandha cAritramoha se hai| tattvArthasUtra ke nauveM adhyAya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue yadi thAna kA vizleSaNa kareM to hama pAte haiM ki AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA yaha krama prathama

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samyakdRSTi kI apekSA se kAphI mela khAtA hai| ise pravAhakrama meM nimnavata rUpa se bhI samajhA jA sakatA hai - zrAvaka aura virata ke rUpa meM vikAsa - darzanamoha kA upazama- cauthI avasthA meM anantAnubaMdhI kaSAyoM kA kSapaNa- pA~cavIM avasthA meM darzanamoha kA kSaya- chaThavIM avasthA meM cAritramoha kA upazama- sAtavIM avasthA meM cAritramoha kA upazAnta honA- AThavIM avasthA meM upazAnta cAritramoha kA kSapaNa (kSapaka)- nauvIM avasthA meM cAritra moha kSINa (kSINa moha) honA- dasavIM avasthA meM jina kI praapti| tattvArthasUtra meM varNita naitika vikAsa kI yAtrA niyatakrama meM jIva ke ArohaNa pravAha ko spaSTa karatI hai| isameM kahIM se bhI jIva ke patanonmukha hone kA vidhAna nahIM miltaa| guNasthAna meM yaha sthiti caturtha guNasthAna se zurU hokara Age bar3hatI hai| jahA~ umAsvAmijI ne isa graMtha meM yaha mAnA hai ki upazama- upazAnta- kSapaNa va kSaya karma vizuddha kA sAdhana hai vahIM isakA khaNDana guNasthAna siddhAnta meM dekhane ko milatA hai yathA- dasaveM guNasthAna meM jIva yadi niyata karmoM kA upazama karatA hai to gyArahaveM guNasthAna ko prApta hotA hai jo ki isa yAtrA meM patanonmukha hone kA aMtima sopAna hai| aura yadi vaha dasaveM guNasthAna meM upazama kI jagaha una karmoM kA kSaya karatA hai to kSINa moha nAmaka 12veM guNasthAna meM ArohaNa kara letA hai jahA~ para athavA jahA~ se Age patana kI sambhAvanAeM samApta ho jAtI hai aura siddhAtma kI prApti nizcita ho jAtI hai| tattvArthasUtra meM varNita AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI jo dhyAnAdi sthitiyAM ullakhita haiM unakI bhI talanA gaNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| karma nirjarA ke prasaMga kI 10 sthitiyA~ - samyagdRSTi, zrAvaka, virata, ananta viyojaka, darzana moha kSapaka (cAritra moha) upazamaka, upazAnta (cAritra) moha, kSapaka aura kSINa moh| yadi ananta viyojaka ko apramattasaMyata, darzanamohakSapaka ko apUrvakaraNa, upazamaka (cAritra moha) ko anivRttikaraNa aura kSapaka ko sUkSma samparAya mAneM to guNasthAna ke sAtha inakI tulanA kI jA sakatI hai| kSapaka zreNI ko dhyAna meM rakhate hae yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki darzanamohakSapaka kI sthiti apUrvakaraNa nAmaka AThaveM guNasthAna jaisI hai kintu samasyA yahA~ utpanna hotI hai ki AThaveM guNasthAna se kSapaka zreNI Arambha hotI hai jabaki tattvArthasUtra meM yahA~ darzanamoha kA pUrNa kSaya mAna liyA gayA hai| guNasthAnoM meM kSINamoha 12vA~ guNasthAna hai| tattvArthasUtra ke raciyatA umAsvAmi saMbhavata: darzanamoha va cAritramoha donoM meM pahale upazama phira kSaya mAnate haiN| AcArya kunda- kunda racita kasAya pAhur3a Adi ko prathama sadI ke AsapAsa kA mAna liyA jAya to SaTkhaNDAgama (jisameM guNasthAna kA vyavasthita varNana hai) ko cauthI-pA~cavIM sadI kA graMtha mAnA jA sakatA hai| isase pUrvavartI graMthoM meM gaNasthAna kA ullekha nahIM milatA hai yadyapi usake tattva ciMtana sambandhI aMza yathA - tathA avazya upalabdha haiN| kintu isake pazcAt kI racanAoM para guNasthAna kA prabhAva spaSTa taura para dekhA jAtA hai| kasAya pAhur3a ke samAna tattvArthasUtra meM bhI guNasthAna nAma kA zabda nahIM milatA hai| kasAya pAhur3a meM upalabdha guNasthAna se sambandhita zabda

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mithyAdRSTi, samyaga mithyAdRSTi (mizra), avirata samyagdRSTi, dezavirata /viratA-virata (saMyamAsaMyama) , viratasaMyata upazAnta kaSAya evaM kSINa moha kI tulanA meM tattvArthasUtra meM samyag-mithyAdRSTi kI dhAraNA nahIM hai kintu 'anantaviyojaka nAma kI avadhAraNA hai jisakA kasAya pAhuDa meM abhAva hai| kasAya pAhui va tattvArthasUtra donoM meM pramatta saMyata, apramatta saMyata, apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa ye cAra samAnarUpa se anupasthita haiM kintu upazAntamoha aura kSINamoha ke madhya kI sthiti khavaga yA kSapaka kA varNana hai jo guNasthAna abhigama meM dRSTigata nahIM hotii| kasAya pAhur3a aura tattvArthasUtra donoM meM varNita karma vizuddhi kI avasthAoM meM bahuta kucha samAnatA hai jo usake samakAlIna hone kA dAvA puSTa karatI hai| tatvArthasUtra zailI para bauddha paramparA va yoga darzana vyavasthAoM kA bhI prabhAva ho sakatA hai| bauddha darzana meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI 4 bhUmiyAM, yogavaziSTha kI 7 sthitiyoM kI taraha umAsvAmikRta tatvArthasUtra meM Atmazuddhi kI 10 vidhi, caturvidhi va saptavidhi ko AdhAra banAyA gayA hai| zvetAmbara sAhitya aura guNasthAna - digambara AmnAya ke kasAya pAhur3a kI taraha zvetAmbara Agama kA mAnya graMtha AloDana hai kintu guNasthAna kI varNita avasthAoM kA ullekha isameM prApta nahIM hotA hai| niyuktiyoM meM AcArAMga niyukti ke caturtha adhyAya samayaktva parAkrama meM nimna 10 avasthAoM kA ullekha sammattupattI sAvae ya virae aNaMta kmmse| dasaNamohakkhavae uvasAmaMte ya uvasaMte / / 22 / / khavae ya khINa mohe , jiNe a seDhI bhave asNkhijjaa| tavvivarIo kAlo saMkhijjaguNAi seddhiie||23|| __-AcArAMga niyukti(niyukti saMgraha pR-441) 1. samyaktvotpatti 2. zrAvaka 3. virata 4. ananta viyojaka 5. darzanamoha kSapaka 6. upazamaka 7. upazAnta 8. kSapaka 9. kSINa moha aura 10. jin| uparokta gAthA niyuktikAra kI mUlagAthA na hokara karma siddhAnta graMtha se avatarita lagatI hai| isameM guNasthAna meM varNita tIna avasthAoM - mithyAdRSTi, sAsAdana evaM mizra kA abhAva hai| zrAvaka va virata kI tulanA pA~caveM dezavrata evaM chaThaveM pramatta saMyata guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| darzanamohakSapaka kI tulanA AThaveM apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna se nahIM kI jA sakatI jabaki kaSAya upazama aura upazAnta kaSAya avasthAoM kI 10veM aura 11veM guNasthAna se tulanA kI jA sakatI hai / kSapaka avadhAraNA guNasthAna nahIM hai jabaki kSINa moha 12veM guNasthAna ke sAtha tulanIya hai| jina sayoga kevalI jaisI avasthA hai| ayoga kevalI ko lekara isameM koI prathaka ullekha nahIM hai| inakA vizleSaNa kareM to hama pAte haiM ki AcArAMga niyukti meM varNita ye dasa avasthAeM bhale hI samAna rUpa se pallavita na huI ho kintu bIja rUpa meM avazya upasthita haiN|

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niyartiyoM kI prAcInatAmAnA jAtA hai ki niyuktiyA~ bhadrabAhu dvitIya (varAha mihira ke bhAI) kI racanA hai to inakA kAla pA~cavIM sadI haiM to isameM varNita dasa avasthAe~ isase pUrva tattvArthasUtra (umAsvAmi racita) meM varNita rahI hoMgI kyoMki unakA kAryakAla dUsarI se tIsarI sadI hai| yadi ise bhadrabAhu prathama kI racanA mAneM to ve niyukta ke racanAkAra bhadrabAhu ko (svayaM ko) praNAma nahIM kara sakate jaisA ki ve karateM haiN| dUsare unakI niyuktiyoM meM vi.naM.saM. 184 meM isa samaya taka hone vAle 7 nihanvoM aura AryarakSita (vi.ni.saM.584) kA bhI ullekha hai| ina donoM kA eka sAtha honA evaM prathama bhadrabAhu ke sAtha saMgati yuktiyukta nahIM lagatI kyoMki unakA svargavAsa vi.ni.saM.170 arthAta tRtIya sadI meM ho jAtA hai taba ve vi.ni. 584 meM hone vAle nihanvoM evaM AryarakSitoM kA ullekha kaise kara sakate haiM? yadi ise bhadrabAha dvitIya kI racanA mAnA jAya to prazna yaha uThatA hai ki boTika nihanva aura guNasthAna avadhAraNA kA antarbhAva ina niyuktiyoM meM kyoM nahIM hai? inakA abhAva yaha darzAtA hai ki ye dvitIya sadI ke pUrva kI racanA hai| kalpasUtra meM AryakRSNa va AryazivabhUti ke madhya sacelatA va acelatA ko lekara hue vivAda kA prasaMga milatA hai jisake pariNAma svarUpa beTika sampradAya kI utpatti huI thii| inake samakAlika eka Aryabhadra hue haiM jo Arya zivabhUti ke ziSya tathA Arya nakSatra va Arya rakSita se jyeSTha the| inakA kAla dvitIya-tRtIya sadI rahA hai| ataH niyuktiyAM Aryabhadra kI racanA lagatI haiM Age calakara nAma sAmya aura bhadrabAha kI prasiddhi ke kAraNa inakI racanAeM mAnI jAne lagI hoM kintu vastutaH ina niyuktiyoM ko dvitIya sadI ke prathamacaraNa kI racanA mAnanA anucita nahIM hai| ___ Avazyaka niyukti kI jisa gAthA meM 14 guNasthAnoM ke samakSa 14 bhUtagAmoM kA ullekha milatA hai unheM haribhadra kI AThavIM zatAbdI kI TIkA meM mUla niyukti kI racanA na mAnakara kisI saMgrahaNI gAthA se liyA huA mAnA jAtA hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki niyukti sAhitya meM 14 guNasthAna anupasthita hai| tattvArthasUtra kI bhA~ti isameM bhI 10 sthitiyoM kA hI ullekha hai| AcArAMga niyukti ko racanAkAra ne karma siddhAnta sAhitya ke kisI graMtha se liyA hai ThIka usI prakAra jaise SaTkhaNDAgama ke vedanA-khaNDa se avatarita guNasthAna sambandhI gAthAeM Age calakara dhavalAsAra va gaummaTasAra meM bhI rakhI gii| zivazarma sUri kI karma prakRti tatpazcAt candarSikRta paMcasaMgraha (AThavIM sadI pUrva) ke bandha dvAra ke udaya nirUpaNa meM gyAraha sthitiyoM kA ullekha huA hai isakA tArkika AdhAra yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki pUrva meM varNita 10 sthitiyoM kI saMkhyA yahA~ gyAraha hone kA kAraNa dasavIM avasthA 'jina' kA sayogI- ayogI do bhAgoM meM vibhAjana honA hai| yathA "saMmatta- desa- saMpunna- viri-upptti-ann-vinnsNjoge| daMsaNakhavaNe mohassa samaNe uvasaMta khavage y|| 4|| 12

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khINAitage assaMkhaguNiyaguNaseDhidaliya jhkmso| sammattAINekkArasaha kAlo u saMkhase / / 5 / / - paMcasaMgraha baMdhavAra, udayanirUpaNa dezavirata, sarva virata, anantAnubandhI visaMyojaka, darzanamohakSapaka, upazAnta(kaSAyazamaka), kSapaka evaM kSINatrika arthAt kSINamoha, sayoga kevalI aura ayoga kevalI ye guNasthAnaka sthitiyAM yahA~ se phalita kI jA sakatI haiN| AcArya devendra sUri viracita arvAcIna karma graMthoM meM zataka nAmaka paMcama karma graMtha kI 82vIM gAthA meM bhI spaSTatA kI gaI hai - sammadarasasavvaviraI u aNavisaMjoya daMsakhavageya / samyaktva, mohasamasaMta khavage khINasajogiyara guNaseDhI / / samma(samyaktva), dara(dezavratI), aNavisaMjoya ( ananta viyojaka), sakhavage (darzanamohakSapaka), zama, upazAnta(kevalasaMta), khINa (kSINamoha) tathA (jina ke sthAna para) sajogI aura itara avasthAeM isa gAthA se phalita hotI hai jisase guNasthAna zreNiyoM kI nikaTatA prakaTa hotI hai| zvetAmbara sAhitya kI dRSTi se inheM bIja rUpa mAnA jA sakatA hai| inakA ullekha karma graMthoM meM dUsarI se 13vIM sadI taka kisI na kisI rUpa meM milatA hai| digambara sAhitya meM guNasthAna siddhAnta ke bIja - digambara sAhitya ke prAcIna graMthoM guNasthAna siddhAnta kA 'mUla' khojane kA prayAsabaddha vizleSaNa nimnavat rUpa se kiyA jA sakatA hai| A- kArtikeyAnuprekSA jisa prakAra tattvArthasUtra meM sAta tattvoM ko AdhAra banAkara AtmA ke vikAsa krama kI carcA kI gaI hai usI prakAra isa kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM jaina tattva mImAMsA, jJAna mImAMsA, sRSTi svarUpa, muni AcAra aura zrAvakAcAra ke maddenajara bAraha bhAvanA yA anuprekSAoM (anitya, azaraNa, saMsAra, ekatva, anyatva, azuci, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, loka, bodhidurlabha aura dharma) kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isameM nirjarA anuprekSA ke antargata karma - nirjarA ke AdhAra para jina bAraha avasthAoM kA ullekha milatA hai unameM se yadi kucha ke nAmAntara ko chor3a diyA jAya to guNasthAna meM varNita sthAnoM se kAphI samAnatA pratIta hotI hai| yathA mithyAtvI, samyagdRSTi, aNuvratI, mahAvratI, prathama kaSAya - catuSka viyojaka, kSapaka zIla, darzana mohatrika (kSINa), kaSAya catuSka upazamaka, kSapaka, kSINa moha, sayogInAtha aura ayogInAtha | nAma kI bhinnatA ke bAvajUda AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA kA niyatakrama inameM sannihita hai| uparyukta meM upazAnta moha nAma kI avasthA kA ullekha nahIM hai jisakA nirdeza AcArAMga niryukti evaM tattvArtha sUtra meM kiyA gayA hai / isa graMtha me 14 guNasthAnoM kA spaSTa ullekha na hone ke kAraNa ise kasAyapAhur3a kA samakAlika evaM SaTkhaNDAgama kA pUrvavartI mAnA jA sakatA hai| isa graMtha ke TIkAkAra zubhacandrajI ne upazAntakaSAya avasthA kA ullekha kiyA hai jo ki mUla graMtha meM nahIM hai| isI prakAra mithyAtva kI gaNanA karake mAtra 11 avasthAoM ko 13

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varNita kiyA hai| ina 11 avasthAoM kI apekSA se isa graMtha kA kAla cauthI sadI kA uttarArdha evaM pA~cavIM sadI kA pUrvArddha mAnA jA sakatA hai| bhASAkIya prAcInatA bhI isa tathya kI puSTi meM sahAyaka hai| bAraha anuprekSAoM kA svataMtra varNana karane vAle do anya graMtha haiM 1. kumArasvAmI kRta bArassANuvekkhA aparanAma kArtikeyAnuprekSA tathA 2. AcArya kunda kunda kRta bArassANuvekkhA / pro0 e0 ena0 upAdhye kA mata hai ki bhASA, zailI aura prastutikaraNa kI dRSTi se ye racanAeM pravacanasAra ke kAla ke nikaTa pratIta hotI haiM evaM inakI prAcInatA siddha karatI haiN| kunda kunda ke nAma se pracalita dvAdazAnuprekSA unakI svayaM kI racanA hai ki nahIM isa para prazna cinha hai kAraNa, isa graMtha ke aMta meM maninAtha kanda kanda ne kahA hai likhA hai| vicAraNIya hai ki AcArya kunda kunda apanI racanA meM svayaM ko kaise muninAtha kaha sakate hai ? saMbhavataH yaha unake sAkSAt ziSya kI racanA rahI ho| ___paM. jugala kizora mukhtAra kartikeyAnuprekSA ke raciyatA kumAra svAmI ko umAsvAti (tattvArthasUtra ke raciyatA) ke bAda sthApita karate haiN| yadi ina kumAra svAmI kI tulanA halsI ke tAmra patra meM ullakhita yApanIya saMgha ke kumAradatta se kI jAya to unakA kAla pA~cavIM sadI kA hai| pro. madhusUdana DhAkI evaM e. ena. upAdhye unheM sAtavIM sadI kA mAnane ke pIche tarka dete haiM ki ekAntika mAnyatAoM kA khaNDana aura sarvajJatA kI tArkika siddhi kI avadhAraNAeM pA~cavIM sadI meM astitva meM thiiN| kucha TIkAkAra kumAranandI ko kunda-kunda kA guru mAnate haiN| yadi kumAranandI kArtikeyAnuprekSA ke lekhaka kumAra svAmI hI haiM to bhI unheM samantabhadra aura kunda-kunda se pUrvavartI mAnA jA sakatA hai| kArtikeyAnprekSA meM jina aMzoM yA ghaTakoM yA tattvoM kI carcA hai ve guNasthAna vikAsa kA AdhAra rahI hai aisA mAnanA kadAcita anucita nahIM lgtaa| SaTakhaNDAgama- digambara karma sAhitya'guNasthAna' ke sthAna para jIvasamAsa kA upayoga hone ke bAvajUda SaTkhaNDAgama graMtha meM guNasthAna avasthAoM kI pUrNatA dekhane ko milatI hai| zvetAmbara sAhitya kI Avazyaka niyuktiyoM meM 14 bhUtagrAmoM kA ullekha hai kintu guNasthAna avasthAoM kA nahIM | samavAyAMga graMtha meM upalabdha 14 sthAnoM ko jIvaThANa kahA hai| paM. dalasukhabhAI Adi vidvAnoM kA mAnanA hai ki yaha aMtima aMza vAcanA ke samaya isameM jor3A gayA jo vAstava meM pA~cavIM sadI ke uttarArdha kI racanA hai| SaTkhaNDAgama meM guNasthAnoM kA varNana caturtha khaNDa (vedanA khaNDa) ke antargata saptama vedanAvidhAna kI cUlikA meM se liyA gayA hai| kucha vidvAnoM kA mata hai ki cUlikA kI ye gAthAeM isa graMtha kA mUla aMza na hokara AcArAMga niyukti se prerita(gAthA 222-223) evaM milatI-julatI haiN| ThIka usI prakAra umAsvAmI kRta tattvArthasUtra bhI kasAyapAhur3a graMtha se prerita hai| SaTkhaNDAgama meM guNasthAna sambandhI gAthAoM evaM AcArAMga niyukti kI gAthAeM kasAya zabda ke atirikta pUrI jyoM kI tyoM haiM 14

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sammatpattI viya sAvaya virade aNaMta kmmse| daMsaNa mohakkhavae kasAya uvasAmae ya uvsNte|| khavae ya khINamohe jiNe ya NiyamA meva asaMkhejjA | tavvivarIdo kAlo saMkhejjaguNA ya seDIo | - SaTkhaNDAgama uparyukta gAthAeM gaummaTasAra ke jIvakANDa kI gAthA 66-67 ke rUpa meM bhI upalabdha haiN| sammattupattI sAvaya virae annNtkmmse| daMsaNa mohakkhavae uvasAmante ya uvasaMte / / khavae ya khINa mohe jiNe a ser3hI bhave asaMkhijjA / tavvivarIo kAlo saMkhejjaguNAi ya seddh'iie|| karma nirjarA para AdhArita 10 avasthAMeM samyagdRSTizrAvakaviratAnantaviyojakadarzanamohakSapakopazamakopazAntamohakSapakakSINamohajinAH krama zo saMkhyeyaguNAnirjarAH / / 47 a. 9 / / ta.sU. pro. sAgaramala jaina guNasthAna siddhAnta vizleSaNa meM yaha mAnate haiM ki AcArAMga niryukti SaTkhaNDAgama se prAcIna hai tathA guNasthAna sambandhI SaTkhaNDAgama kI gAthAeM mUla na hokara isa niyukti se avatarita haiN| AcArAMga niryukti evaM SaTkhaNDAgama tatvArthasUtra meM varNita 10 avasthAeM kI 10 avasthAeM krama saM. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. samyaktva utpatti zrAvaka virata ananta viyojaka | darzanamohakSapaka kasAyaupazamaka(AcArAMga meM anupasthi upazAnta kSapaka kSINamoha jina 15 -AcArAMga niryukti samyagdRSTi zrAvaka virata ananta viyojaka darzanamohakSapaka upazamaka upazAntamoha kSapaka kSINamoha jina

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SaTkhaNDAgama aura gaNasthAna digambara jaina sAhitya meM guNasthAna ke adhyayana hetu SaTakhaNDAgama bIjarUpa evaM eka AdhArabhUta graMtha mAnA jAtA hai| karma siddhAnta viSayaka yaha graMtha 6 khaMDo meM vibhakta haiM1. jIvaTThANa 2. khuddAbandha baMdhasAmittavicaya veyaNA vaggaNA 6. mhaabNdh| SaTakhaNDAgama ke raciyatAaisA mAnA jAtA hai ki AcArya dharasena SaTakhaNDAgama ke sampUrNa jJAtA the| ve aSTAMga nimittoM ke parAgAmI evaM pravacana vAtsalya muni the| aMgazruta ke viccheda hone kI AzaMkA se bhayabhIta hokara ina AcArya ne mahimA nAma kI nagarI meM sammilita dakSiNApatha ke AcAryoM ke pAsa patra likhakara do yogya ziSyoM ko bhejane kA Agraha kiyA jo SaTkhaNDAgama kA adhyayana kara skeN| phalasvarUpa puSpadaMta aura bhUtabalI nAma ke do ziSyo ne AcArya gharasena ke pAsa pahu~cakara SaTkhaNDAgama siddhAnta kI zikSA grahaNa kii| isa prakAra AcArya dharasena ne apanI zruta vidyA rUpI gharohara kI rakSA kii| SaTkhaNDAgama para racita ghavalA TIkA ke racanAkAra ne yadayapi ina donoM ziSyoM ke nAmoM kA to ullekha nahIM kiyA tathApi yatisaMgha ko bheje gaye patra, phalasvarUpa pahu~ce do ziSya va ina ziSyoM kI kaThina parIkSA ke bAda unako SaTkhaNDAgama kA zrutajJAna pradAna karane kI bAta kI puSTi avazya kI hai| mUlagraMtha ke pA~ca khaNDa prAkRta bhASA meM sUtrabaddha haiN| inameM se pahale khaNDa ke sUtroM kA sampAdana AcArya puSpadaMta (I0 66- 106) ne kiyaa| unakA zarIrAnta ho jAne para zeSa 4 khaNDa AcArya bhUtabalI (I0 66- 156) ne pUre kie jo yaha mUlataH AcArya puSpadaMta kI soca va mehanata kA sampAdana mAtra thaa| kintu isakA chaThA khaNDa sampUrNa vistAra ke sAtha AcArya bhUtabalI dvArA banAyA gayA hai| TippaNIAcArya dharasena kA samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra ke 683 varSa pazcAta kA hai| aisA mAnA jAtA hai ki vIra nirvANa ke 470 varSa pazcAta vikrama kA janma haA jahA~ se vikrama saMvata meM 470 varSa kA aMtara hai| isa krama meM SaTakhaNDAgama kA racanAkAla vIra nirvANa ke pazcAta 7vIM zatAbdI ke aMta yA 8vIM zatAbdI ke prAramma kA hai| isI prakAra vikrama saMvata ke anusAra isakI gaNanA kare to yaha samaya cauthI sadI kA aMta yA 5vIM sadI kA prAramma hai| yadi yaha mAna liyA jAya ki vikrama ke rAjyAbhiSeka se hI vikrama saMvata kA Arambha huA to vIra nirvANa va vikrama saMvata ke madhya 488 varSa kA aMtara AtA hai kyoMki rAjyAbhiSeka ke samaya vikrama kI umra 18 varSa kI thI aisA vidavAnoM kA mAnanA hai| 16

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SaTakhaNDAgama kI saMkSipta viSaya vasta 1.jIvahANaisa khaNDa meM jIva ke guNadharma va paryAyoM kA varNana 8 prarUpaNAoM (sata, saMkhyA, kSetra, sparzana, kAla, antara, bhAva aura alpabahutva) meM sannihita hai| isake atirikta nau cUlikAeM (prakRtisamutkIrtana, prathama mahAdaNDaka, dvitIya mahAdaNDaka, tRtIya mahAdaNDaka, utkRSTa- sthiti, jadhanya sthiti, samyakatvotpatti aura gati-agati) haiN| satprarUpaNA ke prathama sUtra meM NamokAra maMtra kA pATha hai| isa prarUpaNA kA viSaya nirUpaNa ogha-Adeza krama se kiyA gayA hai| ogha meM mithyAtvAdi 14 guNasthAnoM kA varNana hai tathA Adeza meM indriya, kAyAdi 14 mArgaNAo kaa| isameM 177 sUtra hai| jIvaTThANa kI dUsarI prarUpaNA dravyapramANAnugama hai| isameM 192 sUtroM dvArA guNasthAna va mArgaNA krama se jIvoM kI saMkhyA kA nirdeza kiyA gayA hai| kSetra prarUpaNA ke 92 sUtroM meM guNasthAna va mArgaNA krama meM hI jIvoM ke kSetroM kA varNana hai| antaraprarUpaNa meM aMtara kA artha viraha yA viccheda se liyA jAtA hai| arthAt jIva vivakSita hokara eka guNasthAna ko chor3akara calA jAtA hai aura puna: usI guNasthAna meM AtA hai ise 'antara kAla' kahA jAtA hai| isa prarUpaNA meM 397 sUtra haiN| bhAva prarUpaNA meM 93 sUtroM ke dvArA vibhinna guNasthAnoM va mArgaNA sthAnoM meM hone vAle aupazAmakAdi 5 bhAvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| alpabahutva prarUpaNA meM guNasthAna va mArgaNAsthAnavI jIvoM kI saMkhyA kA hInAdhikatva va paraspara sApekSa talanIya varNana hai| prakRti samutkIrtana nAma kI cUlikA ke 46 sUtroM meM jIvoM ke gati-agati, jAti Adi nAnA bhedoM kA varNana hai| dUsarI cUlikA meM 117 sUtroM ke dvArA yaha batAyA gayA hai ki pratyeka mUlakarma kI kitanI uttara prakRtiyAM eka sAtha bA~dhI jA sakatI haiM aura kisa kisa guNasthAna meM kitanI karma prakRtiyoM kA kSaya jIva ke dvArA kiyA jA sakatA hai| tRtIya cUlikA dvitIya mahAdaNka ke do sUtroM meM aisI karma prakRtiyoM kI gaNanA kI gaI hai jinakA bandha prathama samyakatvonmukhI deva va 6 pRthviyoM ke nArakI jIva karate haiN| tRtIya daNDaka nAma kI pA~cavIM cUlikA meM bhI do sUtra haiM jisameM sAtavIM pRthvI ke samyakatvonmukhI hone para anya yogya prakRtiyoM kI carcA kI gaI hai| chaTavIM utkRSTa sthiti cUlikA meM 44 sUtroM ke dvArA ba~dhe hue karmoM kI utkRSTa sthiti kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| isI krama meM 7vIM jadhanya sthiti (43 sUtra) cUlikA meM ina ba~dhe karmoM kI jadhanya sthiti darzAtI hai| 8vI samyaktvotpatti cUlikA ke 16 sUtroM meM samyaktvotpatti yogya karma sthiti kA nirUpaNa hai| gati-agati nAma kI navamI cUlikA meM kula 243 sUtra hai| isa prakAra jIvaTThANa meM kula 2375 sUtra hai| 17

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2. khuddAbanda (kSudraka banda)karma siddhAnta kI dRSTi se yaha eka mahatvapUrNa khaNDa hai jisameM mArgaNAsthAnoM ke saMdarbha meM jIva kI bandhaka- abandhaka sthitiyoM ko samajhAyA gayA hai| isameM 11 anuyogoM (eka jIva kI apekSA svAmitva, kAla, va antara nAnA jIvoM kI apekSA maMga vicaya, dravya pramANanugama, kSetrAnugama, sparzAnugama, nAnA jIvoM kI apekSA kAla va antara, bhAgAbhAgA nugama, va alpabahutvAnugama, ) ke pUrva prastAvika kapa meM satva kI pUrUpaNA 13 adhikAroM meM kI gaI hai| svAmitva anugama meM 91 sUtra (mArgaNAnukrama meM kauna se guNa paryAya vAle jIva ke kauna se bhAva utpanna hote haiM aura vaha kina labdhiyoM ko prApta karatA hai, kA varNana hai) kAlAnugama meM 216 sUtra (gati, indriya, kAya kI mArgaNAgata utkRSTa va jaghanya avadhi) antara prarUpaNA meM 151 sUtra ke mAdhyama se mArgaNAkrama meM utkRSTa va jaghanya antara kAla kA vizada varNana hai| dravya pramANAnugama meM 171 sUtra haiM jisame guNasthAna yoga va mArgaNAkrama se jIvoM kI saMkhyA tathA Azraya se kAla va kSetra kA vistAra batalAyA gayA hai| kSetrAnugama ke 124 tathA sparzAnugama ke 271 sUtroM meM svaviziSTatA ke AdhAra para jIvoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| kAlAnugama ke 55 sUtroM meM nAnA jIvoM ke kAla kA varNana hai| antarAnugama ke 68 sUtroM meM nAnA jIvoM ke kAlAntara kA varNana hai| alpabahutva anugama meM 106 sUtra haiM jisameM 14 mArgaNAoM ke Azraya se jIvasamAsa kA tulanAtmaka dravya pramANa batAyA gayA hai| aMtima mahAdaNDa cUlikA meM 79 sUtra hai jisameM mArgaNA vibhAga ko chor3akara garbhaprakrAntika- manuSya paryApti se lekara nigoda jIvoM ke jIvasAmAsoM kA alpabahutva pratipAdana hai| isa khaNDa meM kula 1582 sUtra hai| 3.baMdhamittasAmittavicaya (baMdha svAmitva vicaya)isa khaNDa meM sabhI karmoM kA baMdha karane svAmi do kA vicAra kiyA gayA hai| kisa guNasthAna meM kina karma prakRtiyoM kA baMdha ho sakatA hai aura kisakA nahIM isakI vivecanA kI gaI hai| isa khaNDa ke kula 324 sUtroM meM se guNasthAnaka krama meM jIva kI bandha prakRti kA varNana karane vAle Arammika 42 sUtra haiN| 4.vedanA khaNDakarma prAkRti ke 24 adhikAroM meM se do prathama anuyogoM kA nAma vedanA khaNDa hai| kRti anuyoga dvArA meM kula 75 sUtroM meM se prathama 44 sUtroM meM maMgala-stavana tathA zeSa meM kRti ke 13 bheda svarUpoM kA varNana hai| nikSepAdhikAra meM nAma, sthApanA, dravya aura bhAva ina 4 nikSepoM ke dvArA vedanA ke svarUpoM kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| 5.vargaNA khaNDaisameM sparza, karma aura prakRti nAmaka tIna anuyoga dvAroM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai|

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bandha ke cAra bheda haiM- 1. bandha 2. bandhaka 3. bandhanIya 4. bndh-vidhaan| 6.mahAbandha- isa khaNDa meM nimna likhita anuyoga dvAroM kA vistRta varNana hai- prakRti bandha : AtmA se sambaddha karma paramANuoM meM AtmA ke jJAnadarzanAdi guNoM ko AvRta karanA yaha prakRti bandha hai| sthiti bandha : ye Aye hue karma paramANu jitane samaya AtmA ke sAtha rahate haiM vaha sthiti bandha hai| anubhAga bandha : ina karma paramANuoM meM phala pradAna karane kA jo sAmarthya hai vaha anubhAga bandha hai| pradeza bandha : AtmA ke sAtha ba~dhane vAle karma rUpa sUkSma pudgala paramANuoM kA jJAnAvaraNAdi AThamUla karma prakRtiyoM ke rUpa meM jo ba~TavArA hotA hai use pradeza bandha kahate haiN| jainaAgama va gaNasthAnazvetAmbara AmnAya se jur3e graMthAkAra AcArya ratnazekhara sUrIzvarajI caudaha guNasthAna nAmaka kRti meM spaSTatA karate haiM ki saralatA kI dRSTi se mokSamArga ke nirUpaNa hetu jaina Agama ko pUrvAcAryoM dvArA 4 bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA gayA hai1. dravyAnayogadharma, adharma, AkAza, pudgala evaM jIvAstikAya tathA kAla SaTa dravyoM kI vyavasthA kA vrnnn| syAdvAda, nayavAda, saptabhaMgI, karmavAda tathA adhyAtmakrama-guNasthAna kA varNana dravyAnuyoga pradhAna graMthoM meM milatA hai| yaha guNasthAna kA saiddhAntika yA bodha bhAga kahA jA sakatA hai| 2. gaNitAnuyogayaha caudaha rAja loka pramANa, madhyaloka va vibhinna dvIpoM - parvatoM kA varNana, zAzvata azAzvata padArthoM kI gaNitIya maap| inase sambandhita jambUdvIpa prajJapti, anuyoga dvAra, jIvAbhigama Adi Agama graMtha bRhada-laghu saMgrahaNI, bRhada-laghu kSetra samAsa Adi gaNitAnuyoga pradhAna haiN| 3. caraNakaruNAnuyogaisameM cAritra pAlana sambandhI aNuvrata-mahAvrata saMdarbhita jAnakArI samAhita hai| dazaivakAlikaAcArAMga, prazamarati upadeza pada Adi graMthoM meM isakI jAnakArI milatI hai| ise guNasthAna kA cAritra bhAga kahA jA sakatA hai| 4. dharmakathAnayogabhavya jIvoM ko AdhyAtma patha para bar3hAne hetu preraka kathAoM kA samAveza isameM kiyA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayana, jJAtA-dharma kathA(Agama-graMtha) tathA triSaSTizalAkA puruSa caritra meM isa anuyoga kI jAnakArI milatI hai| aMta meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki guNasthAna vikAsa krama kA aitihAsika vivaraNa spaSTa karatA hai ki jaina darzana kI digambara aura zvetAmbara donoM hI paramparAoM meM guNasthAna 19

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va guNasthAna vikAsa ke 14 kramoM kA varNana bhale hI niyatakrama meM na huA ho phira bhI AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke bIja kisI na kisI rUpa meM vahA~ avazya vidyamAna rahe the| saca yaha hai ki isa vikAsa ArohaNa patha meM pahalI bAra 4-5vIM sadI ke aMta meM utthAna-patana kA samuccaya spaSTa huA hai| bhAvanAtmaka utAra-car3hAva tarka saMgatatA kI kasauTI kahe jA sakate haiM jo guNasthAna vibhAvanA kA AdhAra bne| isa dizA meM SaTkhaNDAgama ke vyAkhyAsUtroM meM varNita 11 avasthAoM ke AdhAra para spaSTatAkI jA sakatI hai - darzanamohaupazamaka, saMyatAsaMyata(aghApavatra) aghaHpravRtta, anantAnubandhI visaMyojaka, darzanamohakSapaka, kaSAya upazamaka, upazAnta kaSAya vItarAga chadmastha, kaSAyakSapaka, kSINakaSAya vItarAga chadmastha, aghaHpravRtta evaM yoga nirodha kevliisNt|| SaTkhaNDAgama ke vyaakhyaasuutr|| yoga nirodha kevalIsaMta avasthA guNasthAna siddhAnta ke vikAsa krama meM ayoga kevalI ke rUpa meM jAnI gii| ina 11 sthitiyoM meM tIna avasthA yathA mithyAtva, sAsAdana va mizra aura jur3I jisase inakI saMkhyA 14 huii| ina avasthAoM meM ananta viyojaka, darzanamohakSapaka aura kasAyaupazamaka ke sthAna para kramazaH apramattasaMyata, apUrvakaraNa evaM anivRttikaraNa ye tIna naye nAma aaye| isI prakAra upazAnta kasAya aura kSapaka ke sthAna para sUkSma sAmparAya thathA upazAntamoha nAmaka do avasthAeM bnii| mUla gAthA meM varNita 10 avasthAoM meM patana kI koI kalpanA nahIM hai jabaki sAsvAdana va mizra gaNasthAna kA udaya isI kalpanA kI dena hai| isI krama meM Age dekheM to mUla gAthAoM meM 10veM guNasthAna se ArohaNa kI kSapaka aura upazama kI dRSTi se alaga-alaga vidhAna nahIM hai jabaki 10veM guNasthAna se ArohaNa hetu ukta dRSTi se jIva alaga-alaga guNasthAnoM (upazama se 11veM tathA kSaya se 12veM guNasthAna krama meM) pahu~catA hai| racanA kAla kI dRSTi se inheM nimnakrama meM rakhA jA sakatA hai| 1. pUrva sAhitya meM karma siddhAnta sambandhI graMtha 2. AcArAMga niyukti- Aryabhadra dUsarI sadI 3. tattvArthasUtra- umAsvAmi yA umAsvAti tIsarI-cauthI sadI 4. kasAyapAhuisutta- guNadhara cauthI sadI 5. SaTkhaNDAgama- puSpadaMta-bhUtabali pA~cavIM-chaThI sadI 6. gommaTasAra- nemicandra dasavIM sadI kA uttarArddha

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adhyAya-2 gaNasthAna kA svarUpa jaina darzana meM guNasthAna ke 14 svarUpoM yA avasthAoM ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai jo jIva kI Atmika unnati yA AdhyAtmika pragati kI vikAsa yAtrA kA dyotaka hai| isameM prathama se gasthAna taka kI vikAsa yAtrA meM siddhAnta bodha kA prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai jo darzana kI avasthAoM kA pratIka hai| 5veM se 12veM guNasthAna kA sambandha samyak cAritra se hai jo AdhyAtmika utkRSTatA kI avasthAeM haiN| dUsare va tIsare guNasthAna vastutaH patana kI avasthAeM haiM kintu inameM eka bAra samyaktva ko prApta kiyA haA jIva hI paha~catA hai| patana ke daurAna ye vizrAma sthala kI taraha hai jahA~ se jIva prathama mithyAtva guNasthAna ko prApta hotA hai| aisI hI sthiti 11veM va 12veM guNasthAna ke saMdarbha meM hai kyoMki 10veM guNasthAna meM yadi jIva kaSAyAdi bhAva yA karmoM kA kSaya kara letA hai to vaha sIdhA 12veM guNasthAna meM pahu~catA hai jabaki upazAMta yA kSayopazama kI sthiti meM vaha pahale 11veM guNasthAna meM jAtA hai aura vahA~ se patita hokara pahale guNasthAna taka jA sakatA hai| 12veM guNasthAna ke bAda patana nahIM hotA hai isalie isake pazcAta ke 13veM va 14veM guNasthAna AdhyAtmikatA ke zreSThatama yA utkRSTa zikhara kahe jAte haiM kyoMki yahA~ kevalajJAna kA sAmrAjya rahatA hai| basa sarvArthasiddhi yA mokSa ke lie Ayu karma ke kSINa hone kI hI pratIkSA rahatI hai| gaNasthAna kA arthaguNa + sthAna = guNasthAna guNa = AtmA kI cetanA, samyaktva samakita, saMyama cAritra tathA AtmA vIrya ityAdi kI zaktiyA~ guNa haiN| sthAna = AtmA kI zuddha vizuddhatAoM kI bhinna-bhinna avasthAeM. AcaraNa yA paryAya ko sthAna kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki Atmika zaktiyoM kI sAdhanA hetu AtmA ke apakarSa aura utkarSa zreNIkrama kI jo sthitiyAM yA kasauTI paraka AdhAra haiM unheM guNasthAna kahA jA sakatA hai| kahA bhI hai- guNasya sthAnaM guNasthAnam- arthAt jo guNa kA sthAna hai vahI guNasthAna hai| guNasthAnoM kA sambandha jIva yA AtmA ke guNoM evaM lokAkAza meM usakI sthiti ke sAtha hotA hai| jIva va karmoM ke AvaraNa ke kAraNa sthitibandha hotA hai| yahI karmoM kA pramANa evaM tIvratA sthAna nirdhAraNa meM aham bhUmikA nibhAtI hai| jIva ke bhAvoM meM hone vAle utAra-caDhAva kA bodha jisase hotA hai jaina siddhAnta meM use guNasthAna kahA jAtA haiN| ye guNasthAna caudaha hote haiN| jIva ke aMtaraMga meM uThane vAle bhAva pA~ca prakAra ke hote haiMaupazamika, kSAyika, kSAyopazamika, audAyika aura paarinnaamik| aupshmikkssaayikaubhaavaumishrshcjiivsy||1|| 21

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svatattvamaudayikapAriNAmiko c||2|| ta. sU.-a.-2 1-aupazamika bhAva - jo guNa karmoM ke upazama se hotA hai, use aupazamika bhAva kahate haiN| 2-kSAyika bhAva - jo guNakarmoM ke kSaya-vinAza se utpanna hotA hai, use kSAyika bhAva kahate haiN| 3-kSAyopazamika bhAva - jo guNa karmoM ke kSaya aura upazama se hotA hai, use kSAyopazamika bhAva kahate haiN| 4-audAyika bhAva- jo guNa karmoM ke udaya se utpanna hotA hai use audAyika bhAva kahate haiN| 5- pAriNAmika bhAva- jo guNa karmoM ke udaya, upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama ke binA svabhAva se hI hotA hai use pAriNAmika bhAva kahate haiN| kyoMki jIva ina guNoM kA dhAraka hotA hai isalie AtmA ko bhI guNa nAma se jAnA jAtA hai aura usake sthAna ko guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| jIva yA AtmA kA svAbhAvika svarUpa hai- rAga-daveSa rahita sthiti arthAt vaha sthiti jisameM binA kisI avalaMbana ke jIva apane nija svarUpa ko jAnatA hai| karmoM kA AvaraNa hI jIva ko usakI tIvratA krama meM usakI aMtima maMjila arthAt mukti avasthA se dUra rakhatA hai| vividha dharmoM meM guNasthAna ke prakAroM ko lekara bhale hI vividhatA ho kintu sthiti vividhatA ko lekara sabhI ekamata haiN| AtmA kA kI ora prayANa tabhI saMbhava hai jaba vaha aSTa karmoM se virakta ho jAtI hai| jIva jisa mAtrA meM karmoM kA kSaya karatA hai utane hI guNasthAnoM meM avasthita hone kA adhikArI bana hai| isake lie koI niyata samaya sImA nahIM hai| bhAvabandha se antarmaharta meM dizA parivartana ho jAtA hai| vaizyA va sAdhvI ke eka dRSTAnta ke dvArA ise bhalI-bhA~ti samajhA jA sakatA hai- eka vezyA evaM eka sAdhvI ke rahane kA sthAna kA Amane- sAmane thaa| donoM eka dusare ke vaibhava va kArya-kalApoM ko dekhatI aura unake na hone kA malAla bhI karatI thii| arthAta vezyA sAdhvI ko dekhakara socatI thI ki ye sAdhvI kitanI nasIba vAlI haiM jinheM dharma-dhyAna karane kA suyoga milA hai vahIM sAdhvI ke bhAva vezyA ke ThATha-bATa ko dekhakara unako na bhoga pAne kA aphasosa manomana vyakta karate the| yaha sthiti(bheSa yA kriyAcaraNa) ke viparIta manodazA hI to thI jisane unakI gati kI dizA hI badala dii| haA yaM jaba vezyA marI to usakA mRta zarIra jaMgala meM pheMkA gayA kintu pariNAma vizuddhi ke calate vaha sad gati ko prApta huI ora sAdhvI kI mRtyu mahotsava kI pAlakI to sajI kintu parabhava bigar3a gayA aura ve naraka gati ko prApta huii| ____ guNasthAna bhAvAzrita hai na ki kriyAkAMNDa Azrita| mokSamArga meM guNasthAnoM ke svarUpa ko jAnanA bar3A jarUrI hai| guNasthAna bhAvoM para nirbhara hai aura bhAva kA nAma hI yathArtha meM tattva hai| isIlie Agama meM kahA gayA hai- tattvArtha zraddhAnaM smygdrshnm| ATha anuyoga dvAroM aura caudaha mArgaNAoM ke AdhAra para jIva ke svarUpa kA evaM usake AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI 14 avasthAoM yA guNasthAnoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| guNa zabda ke aneka artha hote haiN| isakA eka artha hai- jisake dvArA dravya se dravyAMtara kA jJAna ho| "guNAtepRthakakriyate dravyaM dravyAMtareNate guNAH" A. pa. ke sUtra saMkhyA 6 meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| 22

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jo dravya kI samasta paryAyo ke sAtha rahate haiM use hI guNa kahate haiM jaise ki- nyAya.vI. kI sUtra saMkhyA 368,221 meM batAyA hai ki "yAvada dravya bhakina sakala paryAyAnavartino gunnaaH|" aNimA mahimA, ladhimA Adi RddhiyA~ bhI guNa kahe jAte haiN| "audAyikopazamikakSAyikakSAyo pazamikapAriNAmikIitiguNAH |"dh. 1/1/8/160/6/. AtmA ke karmoM ke udaya, upazama, kSaya evaM kSAyopazama tathA apane cetana svabhAva ke kAraNa utpanna hone vAle audAyika, aupazamika, kSAyopazamika, kSAyika aura pAriNAmika Adi ina pA~ca bhAvoM ko hI guNa kahate haiN| samyagdarzanAdi bhI AtmA ke gaNa haiM saMyamA saMyamAdi bhI gaNa kahe gaye haiM "samyagdarzanAdayeguNA" rA. vA. 6/10/6/4/38/25 jinake dvArA liMga yA dravya kI pahacAna hotI hai, aise liMga yA lakSaNa ko bhI guNa kahate haiN| yahA~ para AtmA ke udayAdi pariNAma janya guNAtmaka avasthAoM dazAoM yA sthAnoM ko guNasthAna kahate haiN| jadi du lakkhijjate udayAdisu saMmavehi bhaavehi| jIvA te guNa- saNNA NidivaTaThA svdrisohi|| saMsAra meM jIva mohanIya karma ke udaya upazama Adi avasthAoM ke anusAra utpanna hue pariNAmoM, bhAvoM yA avasthAoM se yukta dRSTigocara hote haiM, ina pariNAmoM ko sarvajJa deva ne guNasthAna saMjJA pradAna kI hai| Niccho sAsaNa mikkho aviradasammo ya desvirtey| viradA pamatta iyaro ayuvva-aNiyaTaTha suhamo y|| uvasaMta khINamoho sajogakevali jiNo ajogi y| caudasa guNatANANiya kamoNa siddhA ya nnaayvvaa|| mithyAtva, sAsAdana, samyagmithyAtva, avirati samyagdRSTi, dezavirata, pramattavirata, apUrvakaraNa, arnivRttikaraNa, sUkSmasAmparAya, upazAntamoha, kSINamoha, sayogakevalI, ayogakevalI, isa prakAra kramazaH caudaha guNasthAna kahe gaye haiN| darzanasAra bhAga-2 meM ina gaNasthAnoM kI saMkhyA 14 batAI gaI hai| uvasammatAo cayao micchaM apaavmaannss| zAstrIya vikAsa ke krama meM gUr3ha rahasyoM ko samajhane hetu ina guNasthAnoM ko nimna nAmoM se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| mithyAtva kA AsvAda---------------prathama mithyAtva guNasthAnaka samyaktva kA AsvAda--------------caturtha avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAnaka zrAvaka dharma AsvAda-----------------paMcama dezavirata guNasthAnaka sAdhu dharma svIkAra-------------------SaSThaM sarvavirata(pramatta saMyata) guNasthAnaka apramAda bhAva AsvAda----------- -saptama apramatta saMyata guNasthAnaka upazama zreNI ArUr3ha----------- -aSTama apUrvakaraNa guNasthAnaka

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upazAnta moha prApti-------------------ekAdaza upazAnta moha guNasthAnaka kSapaka zreNI ArUDha--------------------aSTama apUrvakaraNa guNasthAnaka kSINa moha avasthA--------------------nija svarUpa avasthA(12vAM guNasthAna) mUlazaMkara desAI kRta guNasthAna nAmaka kRti meM nimnalikhita nAmoM se ina 14 guNasthAnoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai1. mithyAtva 2. sAsAdana 3. mizra 4. avirata samyaktva 5. deza saMyata 6. pramatta saMyata 7. apramatta saMyata 8. apUrvakaraNa 9. anivRttikaraNa 10. sUkSma samprarAya 11. upazAMtamoha 12. kSINamoha 13. sayogakevalI 14. ayogkevlii| digambara sampradAya se sambaddha bAla brahmacAriNI DaoN. pramilA jaina kRta gaNasthAna majarI meM prastuta inake nAmakaraNa meM yahA~ bheda dikhatA hai- 2. sAsAdana kI jagaha sAsAdana samyaktva tathA 3. mizra kI jagaha samyaktva mithyAtva / zvetAmbara sampradAya se sambaddha AcArya zrImata vijaya suzIla sUrIzvarajI ma. sA. kRta guNasthAnaka praznottara sArddhazataka meM prastuta nAmakaraNa bheda ko isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai- 3. mizra kI jagaha samyag mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna 5. deza saMyata kI jagaha deza virati yA viratAvirata 8. apUrvakaraNa kI jagaha nivRttikaraNa 9. anivRttikaraNa yA bAdara samparAya gnnsthaan| DaoN. sAgaramala jaina kRta guNasthAna siddhAntaH eka vizleSaNa tathA jIva samAsa nAmaka kRtiyoM meM nAmakaraNa bheda isa prakAra vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai - 4. avirata samyaktva kI jagaha avirata samyakdRSTi 9. anivRttikaraNa kI jagaha anivRtti bAdara guNasthAna / / zvetAmbara sampradAya se sambaddha AcArya ratnazekhara suzIla sUrIzvarajI ma. sA. kRta caudaha guNasthAna meM isa prakAra spaSTatA kI gaI hai ki guNazreNI ke caudaha sthAnaka hI guNasthAna hai - caturdaza guNazreNi sthAnakAni tdaadimm| mithyAtvAkhyAM dvitIyaMtu, sAsvAdanAmidhamAtRtIyaM mizrakaM caturyaM smygdrshnmvrtm| zrAddhatvaM paJcamaM SaSThaM prmtt-shrmnnaamidhm||sptmN tvapramattaM cA pUrvAt krnnmssttmm| navamaM cAnivRttyAkhyaM, dazamaM sUkSma lobhkm|| ekAdazaM zAntamohaM, dvAdazaM kssiinnmohkm| trayodaza sayogyAkhyamayogAkhyaM cturdshN| yahA~ nAmakaraNa bheda ko isa prakAra vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai - 4. avirata samyaktva kI jagaha avirata samyakdRSTi 5. deza saMyata kI jagaha deza virata 10. sUkSma samprarAya kI jagaha sUkSma lobha 11. upazAMtamoha kI jagaha zAMta moh| uparyukta varNita vibhinna abhigamayukta vicAroM kA vizleSaNa karane ke pazcAta AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI sthitiyoM ko 14 guNazreNiyoM yA vikAsa kramoM meM vargIkRta kara spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| 24

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parama-siddha citraguNasthAnaka va karmaprakRtiyAM caudahavAM- ayogakevalI guNasthAna / terahavAM- sayogakevalI guNasthAna ___ bArahavAM- kSINamoha guNasthAna gyArahavAM- upazamamoha / guNasthAna | dazam- nivRttikaraNa/sUkSmasamparAya - upazama kSapaka navam- anivRttikaraNa/bAdarasamparAya bhAvadi aSTam- apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna caritra puruSArtha saptam- apramattasaMyata caritra puruSArtha SaSTa- pramattasaMyata guNasthAna dravyA paMcama- dezavirata samyagdRSTi kSAyika bhAva caturtha- samyagdRSTi guNasthAna upazama bhAva tRtIya- mizra / samyagmithyAdRSTi gaNasthAna dvitIya- sAsvAdana guNasthAna -prathama- mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna sUkSma nigoda dvArA- zodhakatrI: dIpa

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caudaha gaNasthAna 1. mithyAtva gaNasthAna isa sthiti meM jIva yathArtha bodha se vaMcita rahatA hai tathA mithyAtva va samyaktva ke madhya bheda nahIM kara paataa| satya-asatya ko na pahacAnate hue vaha digbhramita vyakti kI taraha lakSya se dUra bhaTakatA rahatA hai| para padArthoM meM sukha kI khoja va sukha kI anubhUti karatA hai| ajJAnatA ke calate vaha Antarika sukha arthAt paramAnanda kA bodha va vicAra nahIM kara pAtA hai| viveka zUnyatA kA prabhAva usake AcaraNa meM chA jAtA hai| bAhyADambaroM, karmakANDa, pazubali Adi ko dharma mAnanA bhI mithyAtva hai| vAsanAtmaka evaM AdhyAtmikatA ke pratikUla vibhinna duSpravRttiyAM isa para hAvI rahatI haiM jo use naitika AcaraNa va satya se vaMcita rakhatI hai| jisa prakAra mohanIya karma ke udaya se jIva apane hita ahita kA vicAra karane meM asamartha rahatA hai ve jIva mithyAdRSTi jIva kahe jAte haiM jaise- jvara se pIr3ita manuSya ko madhura rasa bhI rucikara pratIta nahIM hotA hai vaise hI unheM dharma bhI acchA mAlUma nahIM hotA hai| gamana kI apekSA se mithyAtva gaNasthAnavI jIva yadi adhika se adhika Upara ke gaNasthAna meM jAyegA to vaha sAtaveM apramattasaMyata guNasthAna taka jA sakatA hai arthAt prathama bAra meM hI vaha Adhe guNasthAnoM ko pAra kara jAtA hai kyoMki kula guNasthAna caudaha hI haiM aura usane prathama bAra meM hI sAtavAM guNasthAna prApta kara liyA hai| 2- koI prathama guNasthAnavartI dravyaligI munivara isa mithyAtva guNasthAna se sIdhe viratAvirata guNasthAna meM bhI gamana kara sakatA hai| 3- koI dravyaligI zrAvaka prathama guNasthAna se zuddhAtmA ke avalambana ke bala se sIdhe pA~cave viratAvirata guNasthAnavartI ho jAte haiN| 4- dravyaligI munirAja, dravyaligI zrAvaka athavA avratI mithyAdRSTi jIva mithyAtva guNasthAna se aviratasamyaktva guNasthAna meM jA sakate haiN| Agamana kI apekSA se1- pramattasaMyata guNasthAnavI bhAvaliMgI saMta bhI anAdikAlIna kusaMskAroM ke punaH prakaTa hone para viparIta puruSArtha se nija zuddhAtmA kA abalambana chUTane se tathA nimitta rUpa se yathAyogya karmoM kA udaya Ane se sIdhe mithyAtva guNasthAna meM A sakate haiN| 2- paMcama guNasthAnavartI viratA-virata zrAvaka bhI apane hIna aparAdha se tathA usI samaya nimitta rUpa meM yathA yogya karmoM ke udaya se sIdhe mithyAtva guNasthAna meM A jAtA hai| 3- kSAyika samyakdRSTi ko anya donoM aupazamika tathA kSAyika samyagdRSTi jIva ke jaba zraddhA meM viparItatA A jAtI hai taba usI samaya mithyAtva aura anaMtAnubaMdhI kaSAya kA udaya Ane para vaha jIva sIdhe mithyAtva guNasthAna meM A jAtA haiM 4- mizra guNasthAnavartI bhI mithyAtva guNasthAna meM A sakatA hai|

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5- sAsAdana samyagdRSTi to mithyAtva guNasthAna meM Ate hI haiN| isa guNasthAna avasthita AtmAeM do prakAra kI mAnI gaI haiM(a) bhavya AtmA- jo bhaviSya meM kabhI na kabhI yathArtha bodha se yukta hokara naitika AcaraNa patha para agrasara ho skegii| (A) abhavya AtmA- jo kabhI bhI AdhyAtmika patha nahIM cala sakegI arthAt ananta kAla taka isI sthAna meM rhegii| isI saMdarbha meM paM. sukhalAlajI ne kahA hai ki prathama guNasthAna meM aisI aneka AtmAeM haiM jo apane rAga dveSAdi ke tIvratama vega ko thor3A dabAe hue hai ve sarvathA lakSyAnukUla na hote hue bhI avikasita AtmAoM se bodha-cAritra kI dRSTi se kucha Upara yA behatara hotI haiN| tArkika taura para isa dhAraNA ko isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai- hareka guNasthAna me jIva tIna avasthAoM se hokara gujaratA hai yathA- Arambhika, madhya tathA aMtima saMkramaNa kaal| agrima guNasthAna kI ora prayANa karate hue jaba jIva usI guNasthAna ke aMtima chora para hotA hai to viparIta pariNAmoM kI tIvratA ghaTa jAtI hai to use isI guNasthAna kI Arambhika sthiti meM avasthita AtmAoM se prathaka karatI hai|| mithyAtva ke lakSaNaH mithyAtva ke lakSaNa isa prakAra kahe gae haiMmithyAtva bhAva- ekendriya se asaMjJI paMcendriya jIva mithyAdRSTi hI haiN| saMjJI paMcendriya paryAya dhAraNa karane ke bAda vaha puruSArtha dvArA ina pA~ca mithyAtva bhAva (ekAnta mithyAtva, ajJAna mithyAtva, viparIta, vinaya. evaM saMzaya mithyAtva) kA nAza kara letA hai| (a) ekAnta mithyAtva- padArtha ananta guNa-paryAya vAlA hai aisA tatvArthasUtra meM bhI ullekha hai| guNa anAdi- ananta yA nitya hai jabaki paryAya anity| padArtha ke guNa paryAya ko lekara aisI mAnyatA rakhanA ki padArtha anitya hI hai, asat hI hai, aneka hI hai Adi ekAnta mithyAtva hai| samyaktvadhArI jIva mAnatA hai ki padArtha kathaJcita nitya tathA kathaJcita anitya evaM isI krama meM sat-asata. eka evaM aneka rUpa ho sakatA hai| (ba) ajJAna mithyAtva- ajJAnI jIva svarga-naraka va zubhAzubha Adi meM zraddhAna nahIM rkhtaa| (sa) viparIta mithyAtva- kucha bhI karate raho usa kriyA puruSArtha se zubha phala mila jAyegA arthAt mithyA darzana, jJAna, cAritra rUpI puruSArtha se bhI ( karmoM se bhI mukti ) saMbhava hai aisA zraddhAna viparIta mithyAtva hai| (da) vinaya mithyAtva- kugurU,kudeva evaM kudharma kI savinaya sevA guNa ke bajAya bheSa-veSa ko hI sacce patha kA anugAmI mAnakara aMdha zraddhAna karate rahanA vinaya mithyAtva hai| (ya) saMzaya mithyAtva- jina vacana guNasthAnaka rUpa sacce mArga ke prati zaMkAzIla honA saMzaya mithyAtva hai| mithyAtva ke anya svarUpa evaM bheda1. puNya bhAva meM dharma mAnanA 2. karmodaya janita padagala avasthAoM ko apanI (jIvAtmA kI) avasthA maannaa| 27

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3. para merA kartA hai yA meM para kA kartA hU~ aisA mAnanA / jJAtavya hai ki gItA meM zrIkRSNa ne arjuna ko sabhI moha prakAra ke mithyAtva se dUra kiyA thA / 4. devI devatA merA kalyANa kara sakate haiM aisA zraddhAna 5. padArtha meM acche bure kA zraddAna arthAt padArtha acchA hai yA burA 6. kudevoM meM deva buddhi kA zraddhA 7. kudharma meM dharma mAnanA dRSTi- jaba taka vAsanA kA yama rUpa se tyAga na kiyA jAve taba taka vaha niyama se apanA phala degii| ye vAsanAeM mana hRdaya kA viSaya haiN| eka vratI aura avratI kI samAna kriyAoM meM bhAvanAeM alaga ho sakatIM haiM (zrAvaka kI bhakti va muni kI bhakti ) jisase karma baMdha bhI alaga-alaga hotA hai| (lezyA ko lekara bhI isakI spaSTatA kI jA sakatI hai) prANI ko kATatA eka kasAI jIva ko kATatA tathA DAkTara manuSya ke Aparezana samAna kriyA karatA hai to yahA~ bhAvoM kI tIvratA usI uddezyAnurUpa hotI hai AlocanA pATha meM kahA gayA hai- viparIta ekAMta vinaya ke saMzaya AjJAna kunaya ke isakA bhAvArtha hai ekAntika avadhAraNA pakSapAtapUrNa, pUrvAgraha moha se prerita eka pakSIya avadhAraNA / viparIta dhAraNA- jo satyAcaraNa se prathaka haiN| vainayikatA- rUr3hivAdI paramparAoM se ba~dhI huI vinaya / saMzaya- jina vacanoM meM zaMkA krnaa| ajJAna- viveka rahita kuguru, kudeva, kudharma meM rAgAdika bhAvoM meM zraddhA rakhane vAlA isa guNasthAna ke uttarArdha meM samyaktva abhilASI jIva ho sakate haiM isa dRSTi se mithyAtva nAmaka prathama zreNI ko guNasthAna kahA hai| isameM ekendriya, vikalendriya, asaMjJI paMcendriya, bhavAbhinandI saMjJI paMcendriya jIva Ate haiN| abhavya AzrayI mithyAtvI kA kAla anAdi ananta hai tathA bhavya mithyAtvI jIva kI do kAlAvadhi- anAdi santa aura sAdi santa hai| mithyAtva guNasthAna se nIce kisI guNasthAna kA astitva nahIM hai| mithyAtva guNasthAna ke do bheda haiM- tAttvika aura atAttvika / paM. daulatarAmajI ne chaH DhAlA meM mithyAdRSTi jIva ke nimna likhita lakSaNa kahe haiMaise mithyAdRga jJAna caraNa vaza bhramata bharata dukha janma maraNa cha DhA. 211 arthAt jIva mithyA darzana mithyA jJAna va mithyA cAritra ke vazIbhUta hokara saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai / / jIvAdi sAta tatvoM ke viparIta zraddhAna agrahIta mithyAdarzana hai, kuguru, kudeva va kudharma kI sevA gRhIta mithyAdarzana hai| jo darzana mohanIya karma ko majabUta kara sakatA hai| inase sambandhita ekAnta dUSita nindanIya, viSaya-vAsanA se poSita jJAnAdi kA 28

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zravaNa va samajhAnA mithyAjJAna hai| Atmika zuddhatA ke sthAna para khyAti, lAbha, sammAna va dhana Adi kI cAha meM kevala zarIra ko kRza(durbala) karane vAlI kriyAeM tathA jina ke viparIta kriyAoM ko poSita karane vAlA AcaraNa karanA gRhIta cAritra hai| __ AcArya haribhadra ne mArgAbhimukha avasthA ke cAra vibhAga batAe haiM- mitrA, tArA, balA va driipaa| yadyapi ina sabhI vargoM meM rahane vAlI samasta AtmAeM asat dRSTikoNa vAlI hotI haiM tathApi pragAr3hatA ke pramANa meM aMtara hone se uparokta bheda tarkasaMgata haiN| jaise-jaise AtmA mithyAtva guNasthAna meM uttarArdha kI ora bar3hatI hai vaise - vaise asat bhAva bodha kI gahanatA kama hotI jAtI hai. mithyAtva bhAva kI alpatA hote hI aMtima caraNa meM AtmA pravRttikaraNa, apUrvakaraNa evaM anAvRttikaraNa nAmaka graMthabheda kI prakriyA se gujarate hue caturtha guNasthAna meM saphalatA se praveza kara letI hai| guNasthAna ke pariprekSya meM mithyAtva ke kucha anya bheda (prathaka nAmoM se) bhI batAye gaye haiMmithyAtva guNasthAna- darzana mohanIya aura cAritra mohanIya kI ye udaya-janya avasthA hai| mohanIya karma ke audAyika pariNAma hI mithyAtva mohanIya karma hai| mithyAtva mohanIya ke pAMca bheda haiM(a) abhigrahika mithyAtva- tattva bodha ke abhAva meM padArtha kA yathArtha artha na samajhane kI ceSTAtmaka jdd'taa| Agama viruddha kulAcAra ko prAthamikatA denaa| jo tattva parIkSA karane meM asamartha ho kintu gurAzrita ho jina vacanoM meM zraddhAvAna ho vaha samakitI hai| (ba) anAbhigrahika mithyAtva- jar3atA nahIM kintu mithyAtva kA bhI virodha nahIM-satya asatya kI parIkSA kiye binA sahI darzanoM ko samAna mAnanA anAbhigrahika mithyAtva hai| yahAM tattva darzanasvadarzana kA ajJAna jarUra hai kintu Agraha nhiiN| (sa) abhinavezaka mithyAtva- asatya ko hI satya siddha karane kA haThAgraha- apanA pakSa asatya hone para bhI use satya siddha karane hetu AgrahazIla bananA abhinavezaka mithyAtva hai| samyaktva meM sandeha ke calatevyavasthAoM-asatya mAnakara unheM galata siddha karane kA Agraha rkhnaa| (da) sAMzayika mithyAtva- jina vacana kI prAthamikatA para saMdeha- jina vacanoM ke prati zaMkAzIla bananA sAMzayika mithyAtva hai| (ya) anAbhogika mithyAtva- asamajha-zakti kSamatA janita mithyAtva - jIva kI jar3atA haThapUrNa bhAgIdArI nahIM hotI- paMcendriya jIva jo mugdhAvasthA meM haiM tattva-atattva ko samajhane kI zakti se rahita haiM, tathA ekendriya jIvoM ko hone vAlA mithyAtva ko anAbhogika mithyAtva kahA jAtA 2. sAsvAdana guNasthAna sammatto rayaNa pabba vihraadomi|| samyaktva kI virAdhanA = AsAdana tathA AsAda = sAsAdana yaha guNasthAna 11veM aura cauthe guNasthAna se patana ke (phalasvarUpa) bAda prApta hotA hai| isa guNasthAna meM darzana mohanIya kA upazama, kSaya aura kSayopazama Adi kA udayAdi nahI hotaa| isa guNasthAna vAle jIva kA narakAyu kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| arthAt yaha bhI kahA jA sakatA hai 29

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ki narakAyu kA baMdha karane vAle jIva kA sAsAdana guNasthAna meM maraNa nahIM hotaa| sAsAdana guNasthAna mithyAtva guNasthAna aura usase Upara ke guNasthAna ke madhya kI sthiti hai jaba koI jIva Upara ke guNasthAnoM se giratA hai to nIce ke guNasthAnoM meM pahu~cane ke pahale kI sthiti ko sAsAdana guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| jaise pahAr3a kI coTI se yadi koI AdamI lur3hake te jaba taka vaha jamIna para nahIM A jAtA taba taka yaha bhI nahIM kahA jAsakatA ki vaha Upara hai yA jamIna pr| isa guNasthAna meM jIva patonmukha avasthA meM Ate hue kSaNika vizrAma karatA hai| sAsAdana samyagdRSTi jIva niyama se nIce mithAyAtva guNasthAna meM hI gamana karatA hai| jaisekoI phala per3a se nIce gira rahA ho to vaha niyama se nIce jamIna para hI giratA hai bIca ke antarAla meM vApasa per3a para nahIM jA sakatA hai vaise hI sAsAdana jIva kA samyaktva chUTane se mithyAdRSTi honA hI anivArya hai phira bhI mithyAtva guNasthAna se yathA sambhava Upara ke sarva guNasthAnoM meM punaH puruSArtha se gamana karanA sambhava hai| arthAt anya zabdoM meM- samyakadarzana rUpI ratnagiri ke zikhara se jo jIva mithyAtva bhUmi kI ora abhimukha ho cukA hai , samyaktva-(samyagdarzana) naSTa ho cukA hai kintu abhI mithyAtva bhI prApta nahIM huA hai use sAsAdana guNasthAnavartI kahA jAtA hai| sammattarayaNapavvaya siharAdo, micchbhuumismmimuho| NAsida sammatto so, sAsaNaNAmo munneyvvo|| (dha.21 2|11| 1661 gA. 108 go.jI.20) samyaktva rUpI ratna zikhara se girakara jo jIva mithyAtva rUpI bhUmi ke sammukha ho cukA hai, ataeva jisakA samyaktva naSTa ho rahA hai parantu abhI taka mithyAtva ko prApta nahIM huA hai, use sAsana yA sAsAdana guNasthAnavartI kahate haiN| zAstroM meM sAsvAdana guNasthAna ko sasAdana ke nAma se likhA gayA hai jo ki usakA prAcIna rUpa mAlUma hotA hai isaliye isa zabda kA prayoga jyoM kA tyoM kiyA gayA hai| dvitIya krama meM sthita yaha guNasthAna vikAsa krama kA pariNAma na hokara patanonnmukha avasthA kA pratinidhitva karatA hai| arthAta jaba AtmA catartha guNasthAna se patita hokara prathama guNasthAna meM giratI hai taba use tRtIya va dvitIya guNasthAnoM se hokara gajaratA hai| yaha eka madhyAvasthA hai jisameM jIva ko to samyagdRSTi kahA jA sakatA hai aura na hI mithyaadRsstti| aisI dazA meM jIva samyaktva se cyata to ho cukA hai kintu abhI mithyAtva ko prApta nahIM huA hai| isa madhyAvadhi kAla kSaNika(chaH avalI) hotA hai| yathA vRkSa se TUTakara phala kA jamIna taka pahu~cane kA mdhykaal| yadi mithyAtva ko ayathArtha bodha aura samyaktva ko yathArtha bodha ke rUpa meM parilakSita kareM to sAsvAdana (sa + AsvAdana) vaha sthiti hai jisameM mohAsakti ke calate ayathArthatA meM jAne se pUrva yathArthatA kA kSaNika AsvAdana yA AbhAsa rahatA hai ThIka usI prakAra jaise vamana ke pazcAta vAmita vastu kA aasvaad| sAsAdana guNasthAna kA jaghanya kAla eka samaya aura utkRSTa kAla 6 AvalI mAtra hai| sAsvAdana guNasthAna meM 5 sthAvara ko chor3akara 19 daNDaka hote haiM jabaki avirata guNasthAna meM 24| 30

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uvasammatAo cayao micchaM apAvamANassa / sasAyaNasammataM tayaMtarAlaMmichAyaliaM / dha. / / upazama zreNI para caDhI huI AtmA jaba antarmuhUrta kAla ke pazcAt patana kI ora unmukha hotI hai to gyArahaveM guNasthAna se kramazaH giratI huI dUsare sAsvAdana guNasthAna ko prApta hotI hai| isa guNasthAna meM jIva ke samyaktva aMza kA anubhava ThIka usa taraha rahatA hai jaise khIra khAne ke pazcAt vamana hone para khIra kA asvAda / isa guNasthAna meM alpa samaya ke lie samyaktva kA AsvAdana hai| dhavalAsAra (gAyA - 1, 1, 10) meM kahA gayA hai ki AsAdanaM samyaktvavirAdhanaM saha AsAdanena vartata uti sAsAdano vinAzita samyagdarzanoApta mithyAtva karmodaya janita pariNAmo midhyAtvabhimukhaH sAsAdana iti maNyate / jo samyaktva kI virAdhanA sahita hai, use sAsvAdana kahate haiN| jo prANIM samyaktva rUpI prAsAda se girA huA hai aura jisane mithyAtva kI bhUmi kA sparza nahIM kiyA hai, samyaktva evaM mithyAtva ina donoM ke madhya kI jo avasthA hai, use sAsAdana samyagdRSTi guNasthAna kahate haiN| avisamttaddhA samayAdo chAvalitti vA sese| apa aNNa varUvayAdo NAsiya sammIti sAsaNakkho so|| (go. jI. 19) jaba prathamopazama samyaktva evaM dvitiyopazama samyaktva kI sthiti kama se kama eka samaya, adhika se adhika chaha AvalI pramANa zeSa rahatI hai, taba isa jIva ke anantAnubaMdhI kaSAya ke cAra bhedoM meM se kisI eka bheda kA udaya A jAne se samyaktva kI virAdhanA hone se AtmA nIce giratI hai aura jaba taka mithyAtva bhUmi kA sparza nahIM karatI taba taka yaha avasthA sAsAda guNasthAna kI hai| asana kA artha hotA hai nIce giranA aura AsAdana kA artha hotA hai- virAdhanA / gAthA meM jo 2 aNNa aNNa varuvayAdoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai usakA artha hai ki anantAnubadhI krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha inameM se kisI kA bhI udaya hote hI sAsAdana guNasthAna hotA hai| isI prakAra mAna prerita, mAyA prerita aura lobha prerita sAsAdana guNasthAna huA karatA hai| yaha samyaktva se mithyAtva kI ora girane kI eka madhya sthiti hai jisameM samyaktva prApta karane ke bAda (AsvAdana ke bAda) vahA~ se cyuta to ho cukA hai kintu abhI mithyAtva ko prApta nahIM huA hai samyaktva rasa ke AsvAda kA halkA sA anubhava zeSAzaM rUpa meM hai| isa avasthA meM na to vaha tattva jJAna kA dhAraka hai aura na hI jJAna zUnya / isa sthiti ko sAdizAnta kahate haiN| isakA jaghanya kAla eka samaya, utkRSTa kAla chaha Avali kA hai| dUsarA guNasthAna bhavya jIvoM ko hI prApta hotA hai ( jo pahale bhavya rahe haiM) 3. mizra yA samyaka-mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna yaha guNasthAna bhI jIva ke caturtha guNasthAna se patanonmukha ho jAne para pazcAtavartI prathama sopAna hai arthAt sAmAnya sthiti niyama yaha hai ki isa guNasthAna meM AtmAeM caturtha guNasthAna se patita hokara pahu~catI haiN| Arambha kI vyavasthAoM ke anurUpa utkrAnti kI sthiti meM kucha AtmAeM prathama guNasthAna se tRtIya guNasthAna taka pahu~catI haiM kintu ye ve AtmAeM haiM jinhoMne pahale kabhI prathama guNasthAna se nikalakara caturtha guNasthAna kA bodha kara 31

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liyA ho| aisA isalie bhI hai ki mizra guNasthAna samyaktva ke bodha se cyuta hone athavA usameM saMzaya kI sthiti kA pariNAma hai| ataH saMzaya use hI ho sakatA hai jo mUla sthiti se paricita rahA ho| isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka satya-asatya ke madhya jhUlatA rahatA hai| anizcaya ke calate mAnasika yA vaicArika saMgharSa ke pariNAmasvarUpa upalabdha do paraspara virodhI sthitiyoM meM se kisI eka kA cayana karatA hai| yahA~ yadi usakA jhukAva vAsanAtmaka pakSa kI ora nirNaya karatA hai yo vaha jIva patita hokara aMtataH prathama mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna meM pahu~catA hai tathA isake viparIta yadi nirNayAtmaka rujhAna naitika AcaraNa yA samyaktva vyavahAra ke avabodhana kI ora dRr3ha hotA hai to vaha caturtha guNasthAna meM calA jAtA hai| antarmuhUrta ke isa vaicArika saMgharSa meM yadi pAzavika zaktiyAM isa para hAvI ho jAtI haiM to vaha mithyAdRSTi ho jAtA hai| kahA bhI hai- sammamicchAiTThI = sAmanta se samyagmithyAdRSTi jIva hai dahiguNa mikvAmiTsa pahubhAvaM va karihuM sakkaM / evaM missayabhAvo sammasicco nti NAyabbo / / 109 dha. / / jisa prakAra dahI aura gur3a ko milAkara usakA alaga-alaga anubhava nahI kiyA jA sakatA, donoM mizra bhAva ko prApta ho jAte hai usI prakAra eka hI kAla meM samyaktva aura mithyAtva ke rUpa mile bhAva ko mizra guNasthAna kahate haiN| jaise koI vyakti maMdira meM jAkara sAmya bhAva se vItarAga prabhu kI upAsanA karatA hai tathA vahIM ehika sukha kI prApti yA sarAgI deva deviyoM ke Dara se unakI bhI upAsanA karatA hai to aise vyakti ko samyagmithyAdRSTi guNasthAna vAlA kahA jA sakatA hai| isa guNasthAna meM jIva saMyama ko grahaNa nahI krtaa| mizra guNasthAna meM maraNa nahIM hotA- kahA bhI haiNaya maraNeya saMjamamuveI vaha deza saMjama vANi / sammAmicchAdiTThINa u maraNataM samutaghAo / / isa avasthA meM na jIva maratA hai na saMyama aura na deza saMyama ko prApta hotA hai tathA usake maraNAntika samudaghAta nahIM hotaa| anizcaya kI avasthA meM tRtIya mizra guNasthAna meM mRtyu nahIM hotI kyoMki mRtyu usI avasthA meM saMbhava hai jisameM Ayu karma kA bandha ho sake. cU~ki isameM Ayu karma kA bandha nahIM hotA isalie mRtyu bhI nahIM hotii| aisA ullekha AcArya nemicandrajI ne gommaTasAra meM kiyA hai| gItA meM arjuna ke caritra ke mAdhyama se anizcayAtmaka sthiti kA saTIka citraNa dekhane ko milatA hai| audAyika mizrakAya yoga meM upazama samyaktva kA sadabhAva nahIM pAyA jaataa| isa guNasthAnadhArI kI mAnyatA na to zuddha hotI hai aura na hI azuddha isa guNasthAnadhArI ko samyaktva aura mithyAtva donoM para hI zraddhA hotI hai kisI eka ke prati na to rAga hotA hai aura na dveSa mizra guNasthAnadhArI ke na to AyuSya baMdha hotA hai aura na hI mRtyu| mizra guNasthAna kI bhA~ti 12veM kSINa moha aura 13veM sayoga kevalI guNasthAna meM mRtyu nahIM hotii| mithyAtva sAsvAdana aura avirata samyagdRSTi ina tIna guNasthAnakoM meM se kisI eka ko lekara jIva parabhava meM jAtA hai| mizra guNasthAna sAdisAnta hai aura isakI sthiti antarmuhUrta kI hai| 32

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4. avirata samyaka dRSTi gaNasthAnavAstava meM yaha jIva kI AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA kA prathama caraNa hai jisameM AtmA ko naitika AcaraNa kA bodha hotA hai| AtmA meM satya -asatya ko jAnane-pahacAnane kI kSamatA yA yogyatA kA pradurbhAva hotA hai. isa guNasthAna meM jIva kA dRSTikoNa to samyak ho jAtA hai kintu AcaraNa samyaka nahIM ho paataa| arthAt vaha abhI Arambhika sthiti meM hI hotA hai| isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka kI vAsanAoM para saMyama lAne kI kSamatA kSINa hotI hai kintu vaha isameM rahate hue satata nimna sAta karma prakRtiyoM ke kSaya(naSTa karanA), upazama(dabAnA),evaM kSayopazama(kSaya aura upazama ke madhya kI sthiti jo upazama se adhika dRr3hatA kA prakaTIkaraNa karatI hai kintu kSaya kI pUriNatA se abhI nimna sthiti meM hai) meM lagA rahatA hai ye sAta karma prakRtiyAM haiM1. anantAnabandhI (sthAI tIvratama) krodha, 2. anantAnabandhI mAna 3. anantAnabandhI mAyA (kapaTa) 4. anantAnubandhI lobha 5. mithyAtva moha 6. mizra moha aura 7. samyaktva moh| jaba AtmA ina sAta karma prakRtiyoM kA sampUrNa kSaya karake samyak kSAyika ko prApta kara letA hai phira vaha isa guNasthAna se vApasa nahIM giratA | usakA samyaktva sthAI ho jAtA hai kintu yaha caturtha guNasthAna ke uttarArdha kI sthiti hai| jaba vaha ina sAta karmaprakRtiyoM kA kSaya na karake mAtra damana karatA hai arthAt vAsanAoM ko dabAne meM yatnarata rahatA hai taba isa dRSTikoNa meM asthAyitva kA ahasAsa rahatA hai ise hI aupazamika samyaktva kahA jAtA hai| isa sthiti meM saMyogo va dRr3hatA kI pratikUlatA hone para isa guNasthAna se patita hone kI saMbhAvanAeM banI rahatI haiN| yaha prakaTIkaraNa antarmuhUrta (48 minaTa) ke andara hI ho sakatA hai| isa avasthA meM jIva darzanamohanIya kA kSaya, kSayopazama, upazama kara letA hai kintu cAritramohanIya kA kSaya zeSa ho to ise samyagdRSTi jIva kahA jAtA hai| caturtha guNasthAnadhArI AtmAe~ mAtra sudeva, sugurU va sudharma ko mAnatI haiN| isa guNasthAna kA Arambhika daura vivazatApUrNa hai jisameM jIva acche - bure kA jJAna hote hue bhI bure se prathaka nahIM raha pAtA hai jaisA ki mahAbhArata ke varNana meM dekhane ko milatA hai yathAkauravoM ke anucita pakSa meM khar3e pitAmaha bhISma va mahAtmA vidura kI vivshtaa| avirata samyagdRSTi jIva dvArA prathamopazama samyaktva kI prApti sAkAra yA jJAnopayoga kI avasthA meM jIva prathamopazama samyaktva prApta kara sakatA hai tathA tejo lezyA ke jaghanya aMza meM vartamAna jIva prathamopazama samyaktva prApta karatA hai| sayAre padar3havao NiTaThavao mAjjhemoya bhaya nnijjo| joge aNNadarammi du jahaNNAe teullesaae|| dha.graMtha. khaNDa6. pRSTha 239 / / asaMjada sammAiTThI- jisakI dRSTi (zraddhA) samIcIna hotI hai use samyagdRSTi kahate haiM aura jo isase rahita haiM vaha asaMyata samyagdRSTi haiN| samyagdRSTi jIva ke tIna prakAra haiM- kSAyika samyagdRSTi, vedaka sampadRSTi, upazama smygdRsstti| sammAiTTIjIvo uvaiDa evayaNaM tu sdtthdi| 33

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sadaThadi asabbhAvaM ANANa mANo guru nniyogaa||110.||dh. No idiesu vigado No jIve thAko tase vaapi| jo sahaThadi jiNuttaM sammAiTThI avirado so||111||dh. jo samyagdRSTi jIva jina vacanoM meM pUrNa zraddhAna karatA hai kintu guru vacanoM ke viparIta artha para zraddhAna kara letA hai vaha isa asaMyata guNasthAna ko dhAraNa karane vAlA hotA hai esA jIva kAlAbdhi ke calate jaghanya muhUrta meM lekara utkRSTa -66 sAgara paryanta taka karmo kI nirjarA kara sakatA hai| Age ke sabhI guNasthAna samyagdRSTi ke hI hote haiN| 1- sAdi yA anAdi mithyAdRSTi jIva mithyAtva guNasthAna se sIdhe avirata samyaktva gaNasthAna meM A sakate haiN| 2- samyagmithyAtva guNasthAnavI jIvoM kA bhI avirata samyaktva guNasthAna meM gamana kara sakatA hai| 3- dezavirata guNasthAvartI jIvoM kA apanI puruSArtha- hInatA se aviratasamyaktva guNasthAna meM AnA sambhava hai| 4- chaThaveM guNasthAnavartI mahA munirAja bhI sIdhe cauthe guNasthAna meM Asakate haiN| uparima guNasthAnoM se nIce ke guNasthAnoM meM Aye hue munirAja to tatkAla AtmAzrita dhyAna magnatA kA vizeSa puruSArtha karake sAtaveM apramattasaMyata guNasthAna meM pahu~cakara pracura sva-saMvedana rUpa viziSTa anupama Ananda kA anubhava karate haiN| samyaktva ke anya 10 bheda visarga ruci- paropadeza ke binA apanI AtmA ke yathArtha jJAna se jIvAdi tatvoM ko jAnane kA jJAna visarga ruci hai| upadeza ruci- chadmastha va jinopadeza ke davArA jIva tattva para zraddhAna upadeza ruci hai| 3- AjJA ruci- isake kAraNa jIva rAga dveSa mohAdi ke dUra hone para vItarAgatva meM ruci karatA hai| sUtra ruci- aMga praviSTi va bAhya sUtroM ko baDhAtA huA samyaktva kI ora jAtA hai| bIja ruci- isa dazA meM jIva kA samyaktva bhAva pAnI meM DAle hue tela kI taraha eka pada se dUsare pada meM phailatA hai| abhigama ruci- jise 11 aMga prakIrNa dRSTivAda Adi zrutajJAna artha sahita prApta hai yaha abhigama ruci kA pariNAma hai| vistAra ruci- vistAra ruci se jise dUsaroM ke sabhI bhAva sabhI prANI aura naya vidhi se upalabdha haiN| 8- kriyA ruci- isase darzana. jJAna, cAritra, naya, vinaya, satya, samiti, gupti Adi kriyAoM meM sAdhaka kI vAstavika ruci hotI hai| saMkSepa ruci- isakI mAtra svalpa jJAna janita zraddhAna saMkSepa ruci hai| 10- dharma ruci- jina zruta dharma va cAritra dharma meM zraddhA rakhane vaalaa| 1 . 9.

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samyagdarzana ke 5 lakSaNa- (kasauTI paraka paimAnA ) 1. kRpA- dUsare jIvoM ke duHkhoM ko dUra karane kI icchA kRpA yA anukaMpA kahalAtI hai kintu yaha pakSapAta yA svArtha rahita ho| yaha anukaMpA do prakAra kI hotI hai (a) dravya anukaMpA kisI prANI ke zArIrika kaSToM ko dekhakara dravita ho jAnA tathA unheM yathA zakti dUra karane kA prayAsa karanA / (ba) bhAva anukaMpA prANiyoM ko sAMsArika bhramaNa jAla meM DUbA yA pha~sA va dharmAbhimukha - - dekhakara tAtvika anukaMpA karanA / 2- prathama anantAnubandhI tIvra kaSAya kA nimitta hone para bhI use vipAka dvArA asaphala naanaa| krodha na karanA prathama hai| 3- saMvega- mokSa sukha kI tIvra abhilASA samyaktva saMvega hai| saMsAra meM rahate hue bhI mana to mokSa kI cAhanA meM lagA ho| 3- nirveda bandhana rUpa saMsAra se vairAgya honA nirveda hai| samyagdRSTi AtmA avirati ke udaya se bhale hI saMsAra tyAga na kara sake kintu usakI aMtaraMga icchA to saMsAra tyAga kI hI hotI hai| 5- astikAya- AtmAdi ke astitva evaM jina vacanoM meM zraddhAna astikAya yA AstikatA hai| " atthia 1- Nicco 2- kuNai 3- kayaMca vesai atthi NivvANaM / atthia mukkakhovAo cha chassammakassa ThANA / " samyagdarzana ke anya bheda (a). aupazamika samyaktva yathApravRttikaraNa ke dvArA graMthi deza kI prApti (mohAdi karmoM ke udaya hone para unase bacakara bhAga jAnA) (ba). kSayopazama samyaktva - yathA pravRttikaraNa se graMthi deza kI prApti ke bAda AtmA apUrva karaNa ke dvArA rAga-dveSa kA bhedana karatA hai tathA udaya meM na Aye hue mithyAtva dalakoM kA kSaya va upazama karake kSayopazama samyaktva grahaNa karatA hai| (sa). kSAyika samyaktva jaba AtmA samasta kaSAya catuSka aura tIna darzana mohanIya ( samakita mizra, mithyAtva ) kA sampUrNa kSaya kara detI hai taba kSAyika samyaktva (cauthe, pA~caveM, chaThe aura sAtaveM meM ye ) prakaTa hotA hai jo kabhI naSTa nahIM hotA hai| aisA AtmA usI bhava se mokSagAmI hotA hai yadi usane AgAmI AyuSya kA baMdha na kiyA ho| 5. dezavirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA kA yaha pA~cavA guNasthAna naitika AcaraNa avasthA kI prathama sIDI hai| dezavirata guNasthAna meM sAdhaka yathAzakti samyak kartavya patha para calanA Arambha kara detA hai| dezavirata kA Azaya hai- sAMsArika vastuoM ke upabhoga meM maryAdAoM kA pAlana, vivekapUrNa tarIke se AvazyakatAnurUpa va mitavyayatApUrvaka sAdhana-saMsAdhanoM kA mamatva rahita upayoga karate hue sAdhanA meM rata rhnaa| anya zabdoM meM vAsanAmaya jIvana se AMzika nivRtti kI 35

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avasthA hI deza virati hai| isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka gRhasthAzrama meM hI rahatA hai kintu vaha krodhAdi kaSAyoM va hiMsAdi pravRttioM yA bhAvanAoM para thor3A - bahuta niyantraNa karane kI kSamatA vikasita kara letA hai jo use caturtha guNasthAna meM prApta nahIM thii| paMcama guNasthAna kI prApti hetu apratyAkhyAnI(aniyantraNIya) kaSAyoM kA upazAnta honA Avazyaka hai inakI anupasthiti (anyathA) meM jIva samyaktva naitika AcaraNa patha para bar3ha hI nahIM sakatA isalie gasthAna meM sAdhaka meM ina kaSAyAdi vAsanAoM para AMzika niyantraNa karane kI kSamatA kA vikAsa Avazyaka samajhA gayA hai| saMyata aura asaMyata ina donoM bhAvoM ke mizraNa se jo guNasthAna hotA hai use saMyatAsaMyata guNasthAna kahate haiN| saMjada sNjdaa||13|| saMyatAzca te asaMyatAzca sNytaasNyt| (dha.1/1/13) | gaummaTasAra jIvakAMDa meM kahA gayA hai ki isa guNasthAna meM pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya kA udaya rahane se pUrNa saMyama to nahIM rahatA, kintu yahA~ itanI vizeSatA hotI hai ki apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kA udaya na hone se ekadeza vrata hote haiN| NaccakkhANa dayAdo, saMjama bhAveNa hodi Navari tu| thova vAdo hodi tado, desa vado hodi pNcmo||601| go. jI. jo tasa vahAu virado aviradao tahaya thAvara vhaado| eka samayamhi jIvo viradA virado vinnekkmii|| (go.gA.31.dha./1/1/13 gA.112) jo jIva jinendra deva meM adavitIya zraddhA ko rakhatA haA trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA meM virata aura usI samaya meM sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA se avirata hotA hai tathA "ca " zabda se binA prayojana sthAvara jIvoM kA bhI vadha nahIM karatA usa jIva ko viratA virata kahate hai| jo pA~ca aNuvrata aura cAra zikSAvratoM se saMyukta hote hue asaMkhyAta guNI karmoM kI nirjarA karate haiN| aise viziSTa samyagdRSTi jIvoM ko saMyamA saMyamI kahA gayA hai| jo zrAvaka Anandita hotA huA jIvana ke anta meM yAnI mRtyu samaya meM zarIra bhojana aura mana,vacana, kAya ke samasta vyApAroM kA tyAga kara kaSAyoM ko kaza karatA haA pavitra dhyAna ke davArA Atma zuddhi sAdhanA karatA hai use sAdhaka zrAvaka kahA jAtA hai| dehA hArI hita tyAgAta, dhyAnazuddha AtmazodhanamA yo jIvatAnte samprItaH sadhayatyeSasAdhakaH||sA. dha. a.8 zloka 1|| dezavratI zrAvaka tIna prakAra ke hote haiM- pAkSika, naiSThika aura saadhk| 1. pAkSika zrAvaka - pAkSika zrAvaka sarvathA avratI nahIM hai| pakSacaryA aura sAdhaka caryA ke davArA hiMsA kA nivAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| isa saMdarbha meM "pakSa " kA zAbdika artha hai sadA kAla ahiMsA ke pakSa meM rhnaa| utkRSTa zrAvaka 11 pratimAdhArI hotA hai| SaTAvazyaka pAkSika zrAvaka kI dinacaryA ke Avazyaka aMga hai| pAkSika zrAvaka kisI vrata kA pAlana nahIM karatA isalie sAmAnya arthoM meM vaha avratI hai vaha to kevala vrata dhAraNa karane kA "pakSa" rakhatA hai| sada 36

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grahasthoM kI dhArmika kula kriyAoM kA pAlana karane vAloM ko hI zrAvaka mAnA gayA hai vaha adhika se adhika asaMyata samyagdRSTi nAmaka caturtha guNasthAna kA adhikArI hotA hai| 2- naiSThika zrAvaka deza saMyama kA ghAta karane vAle apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa karma ke abhAva se kramazaH vratoM kI bRddhi karatA huA darzana sAmAyika Adi gyAraha saMyama sthAnoM aura uttama lezyAoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA grahastha naiSThika zrAvaka (gyAraha pratimA dhArI) kahalAtA hai| ye pratimAaiM haiM - 1- darzana pratimA saMsAra zarIra aura bhogoM se virakta tathA paMcaparameSThI kA bhakta aisA samyagdRSTi darzana pratimAdhArI kahalAtA hai vaha trasa jIvoM se yukta madya, madhu evaM mAMsa Adi nindanIya vastuoM kA kabhI sevana nahIM karatA hai| 2- vrata pratimA pA~ca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata, cAra zikSAvrata kA niraticAra pAlana karanA vrata pratimA hai| - 3- sAmAyika pratimA- tInoM samaya ( sandhyAoM) meM mana, vacana aura kAya ko zuddha karake sAmAyika karane ko sAmAyika pratimA kahate haiN| zatru, mitra, kA~ca, maNi, pASANa, suvarNa A meM rAga dveSa ke abhAva ko bhI samatA sAmAyika kahA gayA hai| 4-proSadhopavAsa pratimA- pratyeka mAsa ke cAroM parvoM ( aSTamI caturdazI) meM apanI zakti ko na chipAkara jo proSadhopavAsa kA niyama letA hai use cAra pratimAdhArI zrAvaka kahate haiN| 5- sacitta tyAga pratimA isa pratimA ko dhAraNa karane vAlA zrAvaka sacitta vanaspati nahIM khAtA aura sacitta (aprAsuka) jala kA bhI tyAgI hotA hai| 6-rAtri bhukti tyAga pratimA sUryAsta ke ar3atAlIsa minaTa pUrva aura sUryodaya ke pazcAt ar3atAlIsa minaTa ke bhItara bhojana karanA rAtri bhojana kA aticAra mAnA jAtA hai| chaThI pratimAdhArI niraticAra rAtrI bhojana tyAga vrata kA pAlana karatA hai| svAmI samatabhadra aura kArtikeya ke mata se isa pratimA ko dhAraNa karane vAlA zrAvaka rAtri meM cAroM prakAra ke AhAra (khAdya, svAdya, lehya aura peya) kA tyAga kara detA hai| 7- brahmacarya pratimA mana, vacana aura kAya se strI mAtra kA aura strI ke lie puruSa mAtra kI abhilASA na karane vAle ko brahmacarya pratimAdhArI zrAvaka zrAvikA kahate haiN| 8- Arambha tyAga pratimA- jo jIva hiMsA ke kAraNa naukarI, khetI, vyApAra Adika Arambha ke kAryoM se virakta hotA hai - kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM jo svayaM na Arambha karatA hai, na karAtA hai aura na usakI svayaM anumodanA karatA hai use Arambha tyAgI batalAyA hai| 9- parigraha tyAga pratimA lajjA nivAraNa aura zarIra kI rakSA mAtra ke uddezya se kama se kama sAdhAraNa aura ahiMsaka sAdhanoM se utpanna hue vastroM ke sivAya anya samasta parigraha Asakti kA tyAga karanA / 10 anumati tyAga kRSi Adi Arambha meM parigraha meM vivAha Adi meM tathA anya laukika kAryoM meM anumati dene ke tyAga ko anumati tyAga pratimA kahA gayA haiN| - 37

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11- udidaSTa tyAga pratimA - ratnakAMDa zrAvakAcAra ke anusAra gyArahavA~vratI zrAvaka ghara tyAga kara vana meM muniyoM ke pAsa calA jAye aura vahA~ gurU ke sAmane vrata dhAraNa kara bhikSA bhoja karake tapasyA kare aura khaMDa vastra apane pAsa rakhe, use udiSTa tyAgI zrAvaka kahA gayA hai| grahato munivana mitvA gurupavaNThe vratAni parigrahA / bhaikSyA sanasta pasyantutkRSTAzcela khaNdharaH / / rtn.247|| jinAgama meM gyAraha pratimAoM meM se pahale kI cAra pratimAyeM jaghanya mAnI gayIM haiM isake Upara kI tIna arthAt sAtavIM, AThavIM, nauvIM pratimAyeM madhyama aura zeSa dasavIM, gyArahavIM pratimAyeM uttarottara vratoM ke pAlana aura tyAga tapasyA kI tAratamyatA ke krama se sarvottama mAnI gayIM haiN| yadi sAdhaka pramAda ke vazIbhUta nahIM hotA to Age ke guNasthAnoM meM bar3ha jAtA hai isake viparIta pramAdasahita hone para vaha ina niyantraka kSamatAoM kA samucita upayoga na kara pAne se patanonmukha bhI ho sakatA hai| vaha prAyazcita Adi ke dvArA ina kaSAyAdi pariNAmoM kA vizuddhIkaraNa karake apanI isa sthiti ko banAe bhI rakha sakatA hai aura Age bhI le jA sakatA hai| saMjadA saMjadA- jo saMjJA hote hue bhI asaMyata hai| jo tasa vatAu virao avirao taha ya thAvara vahAo / evaka sammayAmmi jIvo virayavirao jinnokktaamii||112||dh. jo jIva jina deva meM advitIya zraddhAna rakhatA huA eka hI samaya meM trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA se virata (rahita) tathA sthAvara jIvoM kI hisA se avirata hai tathA alpa samaya meM zeSa asaMyama kA dhArI hai vaha saMyatAsaMyata guNasthAna vAlA kahA jAtA hai| arthAt- koI paMcama guNasthAnavartI dravyaliMgI munirAja pahale jitanA zuddhAtmA kA Azraya le rahe the usase bhI adhika vizeSa adhika rIti se nija zuddhAtmA kA Azraya lekara arthAt zuddhopayoga dvArA hI apramattavirata guNasthAna meM gamana karane se bhAvaliMgI muni ho jAte haiN| bhAvaliMgI paMcama guNasthAnavartI zrAvaka ho athavA paMcama guNasthAnavartI dravyaliMgI do, pA~cave se- cauthe guNasthAna meM athavA tIsare guNasthAna meM athavA aupazamika samyaktva sAtha ho to dusare guNasthAna meM athavA pariNAmoM meM vizeSa adhaHpatana karake sIdhe mithyAtva guNasthAna meM bhI gamana kara sakate haiN| 1. pramattasaMyata guNasthAnavartI bhAvaliMgI munirAja sIdhe dezavirata meM A sakate haiN| 2. cauthe guNasthAnavartI dravyaliMgI munirAja athavA dravyaliMgI zrAvaka dezavirata guNasthAna meM A sakate haiN| 3. prathama guNasthAnavartI dravyaliMgI munirAja athavA dravyaliMlI zrAvaka bhI sIdhe isa dezavirata guNasthAna meM Asakate haiN| ise zrAvakapanA kahA jA sakatA hai| isameM jIva apane Apa ko mukti mArga ke anukUla banAne hetu sAdhanA meM bAdhaka pApa pravRtti kA AMzika tyAga kara detA hai| isa guNasthAna kI utkRSTa avadhi "dezaanA" arthAt 8varSa nyUna-kama pUrvakor3a varSa kI hotI hai| "SaDAnalI sAsvAdanaM, samadhikatrayastriMzata sAgarANicaturthaM / 38

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dezonapUrva-koTi, paMcamakaM trayodazaM ca punaH||bhASyakAra mhrssi|| sAsvAdana kI SaDAvalI (chaH AvalI) 33 sAgaropama caturtha guNasthAna tathA pUrvakoTi varSa dezavirati aura sayogakevalI guNasthAna kI hai| paMcama guNasthAnadhArI jIva deva gati meM utpanna hotA hai tathA jaghanya 3 bhava va utkRSTa 15 bhava meM mokSa jAtA hai| pratyAkhyAnI kaSAya ke udaya se yahA~ AtmA sarvavirati ko nahIM svIkAra pAtI vaha apratyAkhyAnI kaSAyoM se mukta hotI hai| zrAvaka ke aNuvratoM kA palana karanA dezavirata guNasthAna hai|shaastr meM zrAvaka tIna prakAra ke batAe haiN| chahaDhAlA meM pa. daulatarAma jI ne kahA hai uttama, madhyama, jaghanya trividha ke antara Atama jnyaanii||ch.ddhaa.-3|| uttama zrAvaka - sacitta AhAra kA tyAgI, nitya ekAzana tapa karane vAlA, nirmala brahmacarya kA pAlaka, mahAvratI hone kI tIvra icchA se graha vyApAra kA tyAga karane vAlA utkraSTa zrAvaka hai| madhyama zrAvaka - mArgAnusarita ke 35 guNoM kA dhAraka, grahastha ke SaTa Avazyaka va 12 vratoM kA pAlana(nyAya vaibhava sampanna) karane vAlA madhyama zrAvaka hai| jaghanya zrAvaka- AkuTTI jAti hiMsA, madyapAna, mA~sAhAra va sapta vyasana kA tyAgI va namaskAra maMtra kA dhAraka jaghanya zrAvaka hai| 6. pramattasayata yA sarvavirati samyagdRSTi gaNasthAnaprAkarSaNa mattAH pramattAH, samyaga, yatAH, viratAH, sNytaaH| pramattAzca te saMyamAzca pramatta sNytaaH| jo pramatta hote hue bhI saMyata hote haiM, unheM pramatta saMyata kahate haiM / saMjaNaNo kasAyANu dayAdo, saMjamo have jmhaa| bhala-jaNAma-pamAdo viya tamhA hu pamatta virdoso||go. jI. 32|| isa guNasthAna meM Ane vAlA jIva sakala saMyama ko rokane vAlI pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAyoM kA upazama hone se sakala saMyamI to hotA hai, kintu usameM usa saMyama ke sAtha- sAtha saMjvalana aura nau kaSAyoM kA udaya rahane se saMyama meM mala ko utpanna karane vAlA pramAda bhI hotA hai ataeva isa guNasthAna ko pramattavirata kahate haiN| pramAda ke bheda- pramAda ke pandraha bheda haiM- yathA vikahA tahA kasAyA iMdiya giddhAtaheva Naya yog| cadu-cadu paNamegegaM hA~ti pamAdA hu pnnnnssN||go.jii.34|| cAra vikathAaiM- strIkathA, bhojana kathA, rASTra kathA, rAja kthaa| cAra kaSAya- sakrodha, mAna, mAyA, lobh| pA~ca indriya- sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa,cakSu aura krnn| eka nidrA, eka sneha prIti bhAva, isa prakAra pramAda ke kula pandraha bheda haiN| sarvavirati gaNasthAna meM jIva hiMsAdi anaitika AcaraNa kA pUrNarUpa se tyAga karake samyaktva ke mArga para dRr3hatA se bar3hanA Arambha karatA hai usameM kaSAyAdi pariNAmoM ke bAhya prakaTIkaraNa kA abhAvasA hai jAtA hai yadyapi vaha AMzika bIjarUpa meM vidyamAna rahatI hai| yaha usake mana meM vyAkulatA paidA karatI hai aisA taba hI hotA hai jaba usakI AtmA isa bIjarUpa pravRtti ko chor3ane ke lie chaTapaTAtI rahatI ho kintu chor3a nahIM paatii| yadi vaha ina azubha pravattiyoM para 39

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vijaya prApta karane saphala ho jAtI hai to dRr3hatA se Age bar3ha jAtI hai| vastutaH yaha guNasthAna eka vizrAmasthalI hai jahA~ jIva apane AMzika azubha pariNAmoM para niyantraNa hetu samyak dRr3hatArUpI zakti (inake nirodha kA sAhasa) kA pradarzana karatA hai| isa guNasthAna meM rahate hue sAdhaka meM azubha bhAvoM ke prati adhikAMza virati A jAtI hai| zramaNa sAdhaka chaThaveM-sAtaveM guNasthAna ke madhya jhUlatAsA rahatA hai| aisA deha bhAva ke astitva ke kAraNa hotA hai jahA~ azubha pariNAmoM athavA Antarika kaSAyAdika bIjaparUpa Antarika pariNAmoM para vijaya prApta karate hue vaha sAtaveM guNasthAna kI ora bar3hatA hai| yahA~ dehabhAva kA Azaya hai- pramAdarUpI avarodha ke calate patanonmukhatA kA AnA isI bhAva ke utpanna hone se jIva punaH chaThe guNasthAna meM lauTa AtA hai| isa guNasthAna meM murchA yA Asakti kA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai| isameM sAdhaka ko paMdraha karma prakRtiyoM kA kSaya, upazama va kSayopazama karanA hotA hai yathAanantAnubandhI (sthAI prabalatama) krodhAdi 4 kaSAya, apratyAkhyAnI (asthAI kintu aniyantraNIya) krodhAdi 4 kaSAya, pratyAkhyAnI (niyantraNIya) krodhAdi 4 kaSAya tathA mithyAtva moha, mizra moha va samyaktva moh(3)| kaSAyacatuSka aura cAritra mohanIya ko zithila karake jIva yahA~ pahu~catA hai| isameM jIva pApa kAryoM se sarva virati ko svIkAratA hai, pudagala padArtho meM Asakti ko tajane ke lie viveka pUrvaka vartatA hai tathA bAdhaka karmoM ke kSaya hetu nirantara puruSArtha karatA hai| phira bhI pramAda vaza rahatA hai tathA kaSAyoM ke tIvrodaya se pramattasaMyata guNasthAna ko prApta hotA hai| isa guNasthAna kI sthiti eka karor3a pUrva varSa me ATha varSa nyUna hotI hai| 15 karmaprakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama (darzanamohatrika, anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAnI va pratyAkhyAnI kaSAya catuSka) karake jIva chaThe guNasthAna meM AtA hai| chaThaveM guNasthAnavartI muniyoM ke pAlana karane yogya 28 mUlaguNaH pA~ca mahAvrata, pA~ca samiti, pA~ca indriyavijaya, SaTaAvazyaka kriyAeM, nagnatA, bhUmizayana, snAnAbhAva, dantadhovana abhAva, kezaloMca, khar3e hokara kara pAtra meM eka bAra bhojn| manirAja ke pAlana yogya dasa vyavahArajaina darzana meM inheM dasa lakSaNa dharma(tattvarthasUtra adhyAya-9) meM kahA bhI hai yathA- uttama kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, zauca, satya, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcana aura brhmcry| niMdA, prazaMsA, zatrutAmitratA, rAga-dveSa se dUra haiN| mUlAcAra gAthA caritra pAlana kI sAmagrI isa prakAra batalAI gaI mikkhaM cara vasa raNNepovaM, jemehimA bhujNv|| dukhaM saha jiNa viradA, mattiM bhAvehi sutthtthvergg||895|| he muni| samyaka cAritra pAlanA hai to bhikSA bhojana kara, vana meM hI raha, thor3A AhAra kara, bahuta mata bola, dukha ko sahana kara, nidrA ko jIta, maitrI bhAva kA citavana kara tathA acchI taraha vairAgya pariNAma rkh| jo mahAvratI sampUrNa mUlaguNoM aura zIla ke bhedoM se yukta hotA huA bhI vyakta evaM avyakta donoM prakAra ke pramAdoM ko karatA hai, vaha pramattasaMyata guNasthAna 40

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vAlA hai| vaha sakala saMyamI bhI kahA jAtA hai aura labdhi kA dhAraka hotA hai| isake AdhAra para utkRSTa, madhyama aura jaghanya tIna prakAra ke bheda kahe gaye hai| ahiMsA mahAvrata chaH vizeSa guNa, satya mahAvrata, acaurya mahAvrata, brahmacarya mahAvrata tathA aparigraha mahAvrata kA inakA pAlana sAdhaka munirAja karate haiM tathA 5 samitiyoM kA AcaraNa karate haiM1-IryA samiti- jIvoM kI rakSA ke lie sAvadhAnI pUrvaka cAra hAtha Age kI bhUmi dekhate hue Age clnaa| 2-bhASA samiti- hita-mita ,madhura aura satya vacana hI kahanA anyathA mauna rhnaa| 3-eSaNA samiti- nirdoSa evaM ahiMsaka sAdhanoM va dravyoM se prApta udagamAdi 46 doSa rahita sabhI prakAra se sarvathA nirdoSa AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 4-AdAna nikSepaNa samiti- kisI bhI vastu ko sAvadhAnI se uThAnA va rakhanA jisase sUkSma jIva jantuoM kA bhI ghAta na ho| 5-pratiSThApanna samiti yA vyutsarga samiti- mala mUtra Adi ko aise sthAna para visarjita karanA jisase jIvotpatti na ho aura sUkSma va sthUla jIva rAzi kA ghAta na ho| sAmAyika, stavana arthAta tIrthaMkaroM kA guNAnuvAda, vaMdanA, pratikramaNa, kAyotsarga evaM pratyAkhyAna muniyoM ke SaT Avazyaka kahe gaye haiN| ve pancendriya nirodha karate haiM sAta vizeSa guNa- snAna tyAga. bhUmizayana, keza loMca, eka bhukti - dina meM eka bAra bhojana karanA Adi ko dRr3hatA se jIvana meM utArate haiM udutthamaNe kAle NAlitiya vajjiya himgjjhhim| eka hima dua tia vA muhuttakAleNa mattaM tN|| A.35. 811 93011 sthita bhojana- sAdhugaNa pairoM ke bala khar3e hokara apane hI hAthoM rUpI pAtra meM binA svAda lie bhojana karate haiN| acelakatva- dizA hI hai ambara jinake vahI acelaka mAnA jAtA hai ataH sarva parigraha kA tyAga acelakatva hai| chaThaveM guNasthAnavartI muniyoM ke AhAra sambandhI 46 doSa udagama doSa (16), utpAdana doSa(16), AhAra doSa(14), (dAtA aura pAtra doSa janita) udagama doSoM kA svarUpa yA upabheda1- AMdezika doSa- saMyamI munirAja ke nimitta bhojana banAnA 2- adhyAdhidoSa- saMyamI munirAja ko dekhakara bhojana taiyAra karane kA Arambha karanA pUttidoSa- prAzuka bhojana meM aprAzaka dravya milAnA mizra doSa- uparokta doSayukta bhojana pAtra apAtra ko eka sAtha karAne kA dhyeya sthApita doSa- apane ghara meM jisa bartana meM bhojana pakAyA ho use dUsare ghara meM anya bartana meM rakhanA 6- bali doSa- kudevAdi nimitta banA bhojana / 7- prAvartita doSa- pAtra kI navadA bhakti (bhojana pUrva) meM zIghratA yA vilamba karanA

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prAvizakaraNa doSa- a~dherA jAnakara dIpakAdi se ujAlA karanA 9- krIta doSa- bhikSA hetu gAya Adi ke badale bhojana lekara sAdhu yA saMyamI ko denA 10- prAmRSiya doSa- dUsaroM se udhAra sAmagrI mA~gakara AhAra denA 11- parivarta doSa- AhAra nimitta dUsaroM se azuddha zakkarAdi ke badale zuddha sAmagra lenA 12- abhighaTa doSa- isake do bheda haiM- dezavighaTa va sarvabhighaTa dezavighaTa- isake punaH do bheda haiM acinna- paMktibaddha sIdhe tIna yA sAta gharoM se AhAra grahaNa yogya hai annacinna- uparokta se viparIta jAkara AhAra grahaNa yogya nahIM hai| sarvabhighaTa- isake punaH cAra bheda haiM jo dizA pramANa saMyojana para AdhArita haiM (1) svagrAma (2) paragrAma (3) svadeza (4) paradeza se bhojana lenA / 13- udabhinna doSa- paikiMga vastu ko kholakara sAdhu ko denaa| 14- mAlArohaNa doSa- Upara rakhI vastu kI sIDI Adi para car3hakara sAdhu ko vastu denaa| 15- Achedha doSa- para ko bhava dikhAkara bhojana denaa| 16- anisArtha doSa- dAtA asamartha hone para bhI dAna de| (ba) utpAdana doSoM ke svarUpa1- dhAtrI doSa- grahastha ko maMDapAdi krIr3A kA upadeza dekara AhAra grahaNa krnaa| duta doSa- dAtA ko paradeza kA samAcAra kaha AhAra grahaNa krnaa| nimitta doSa- aSTAgaM nimitta jJAna batAkara AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 4- ArdanIvika doSa- apanI jAti kula va tapazcaraNa batAkara AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 5- vanIvaka doSa- dAtAra ke anukUla bAteM batAkara AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 6- cikitsA doSa- dAtAra ko auSadhi batAkara AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 7- 7se 10 kaSAya doSa- kaSAyacatuSka pUrvaka AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 11- pUrva stutI doSa- bhojana se pUrva dAtA kI prazaMsA kara AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 12- pazcAta stutI doSa- bhojana ke pazcAta dAtA kI prazaMsA krnaa| 13- vidyA doSa- AkAzagAminI vidyAdi batAkara bhojana grahaNa krnaa| 14- maMtra doSa- sarpa vicchU Adi kA maMtra batAkara bhojana grahaNa krnaa| 15- cUrNa doSa- zarIra zobhAdi nimitta (puSTaka) cUrNa batAkara AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 16- vazIkaraNa- vazIkaraNa Adi kA upAya batAkara bhojana grahaNa krnaa| (sa) AhAra sambandhI doSoM kA svarUpa zaMkita doSa- cAra prakAra ke AhAra mere lene yogya haiM yA nahIM aisI zaMkA kara AhAra lenA 2- makSita doSa- bartana para rakhe hue hAtha vAlA bhojana grahaNa krnaa| 3- nikSipta doSa- sacitta pAtra para rakhA huA bhojana grahaNa krnaa| pihita doSa- sacitta pAtrAdi para r3hakA bhojana grahaNa krnaa| saMvyayaharaNa doSa- dAna dene kI zIghratA meM apane vastrAdi na sNbhaalnaa|

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8 6- dAyaka doSa- malina azuddha tana vAlI, azakta tathA bAla poSaNa meM rata mahilA se AhAra grahaNa krnaa| unmizra doSa- sacitta se milA AhAra lenaa| apariNata doSa- adhapakA AhAra lenaa| 9- lipta doSa- gerU, khaDiyA Adi aprAsuka dravya se lipta vartana meM rakhA AhAra lenaa| 10- parivyayajana doSa- pAtra meM AhAra ko chor3akara anya AhAra grahaNa krnaa| 11- saMyojana doSa- bhojana meM ThaMDA-garma kA mizraNa yukta AhAra lenaa| 12- apramANa doSa- pramANa se adhika bhojana lenaa| 13- aMgAra doSa- gariSTha yA gRddhitA yukta bhojana lenaa| 14- dhuma doSa- prati viruddha yA glAniyukta bhojana krnaa| isake alAvA mUlAcAra ke piNDazudda adhikAra kI gAthA 425 - 500 meM varNita bhojana antarAyojanita doSa zAmila haiN| mUlAcAra gAthA meM varNita mala doSaNaharobha jantu aTaThI kaNakuNaya pUyi cammaka hirmNsaanni| bIya phalakaMda mUlachiNNANimalAcaudadasA hoti||428|| nakha, roma(bAla) prANarahita zarIra hAr3a, geMhUM Adi ke kaNa, cAvala ke kaNa, kharAba lohI(rAgha), cAma, lohI, mA~sa tathA aMkura hone yogya geMhUM Adi Ama Adi phala, kaMda, mUla ye caudaha mala haiM inheM dekhakara AhAra tyAga kara denA caahie| isa guNasthAna kA kAla antarmuhUrta pramANa hai| yadi AtmA antarmuhUrta uparAnta bhI pramANAdhIna rahatI hai to vaha apane guNasthAna se nIce giratI hai| pramAda bhAva tyAga kI sthiti meM sAta apramattasaMyata guNasthAna ko prApta karatI hai| pramAda sahita hone para AtmA nirAlaMbana dharmadhyAna nahIM kara sakatI | dhyAna = citta kI ekaagrtaa| jaba taka apramatta saMyata nAmaka sAtaveM guNasthAna kI prApti nahIM hotI taba taka dharma dhyAna saMbhava nhiiN| aise vratI ko taba taka nimna SaTa Avazyaka kriyAyeM karate rahanA caahie| ye SaTa Avazka kriyAeM grahastha va sAdhu donoM ke azubha karma kI nirjarA meM sahAyaka haiN| sAmAyika- kama se kama 48 minaTa eka grahastha tathA muni jIvana paryanta sAmAyika meM hote haiN| caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI vaMdanA, sadaguruoM kA vaMdana, paMcavidhi pratikramaNa- rAI pratikramaNa- rAtri sambandhI aticAroM kI zuddhi ke lie, devalI- divasa sambandhI aticAroM kI zuddhi ke lie, pakkhI- pakSa ke antargata lage aticAroM kI zuddhi ke lie, caumAsI- cAramAsa daramyAna vrata meM lage aticAroM kI zuddhi hetu tathA saMvatasarI- varSa daramyAna vrata meM lage aticAroM kI zuddhi hetu Avazyaka mAne gaye haiN| 7. apramattasaMyata guNasthAnaisa gaNasthAna meM ve sajaga sAdhaka Ate haiM jo deha meM rahate hae bhI dehAtIta bhAva se yukta hote haiN| isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka kA nivAsa atialpa hotA hai arthAt koI bhI sAdhaka 48 minaTa se adhika isa sthiti se meM nahIM raha pAtA kyoMki daihika upAdhiyAM use vicalita kara 43

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detI haiN| yadi dehAtIta bhAva kI avadhi isase adhika ho jAtI hai to vaha AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI ora agrasara zreNiyoM meM calA jAtA hai| apramattasaMyata nAmaka isa guNasthAna meM pramAda ke avasaroM kI saMkhyA 37500 kahI gaI hai jo 25 vikathAeM, 25 kaSAya, 6 manasahita pA~ca indriyAM, 5 nidrAeM, 2 rAga-dveSa kA guNanaphala hai| isa guNasthAna se Upara kI zreNI meM car3hane hetu AtmA AThaveM guNasthAna meM vAsanArUpI karma zatruoM ko jItatA hai tathA navameM guNasthAna meM avaziSTa vAsanArUpI zatruoM para vijaya prApta karatA hai phira zeSa rahatA hai mAtra sUkSma lobh| isa para AdhyAtmika yuddha ke samaya do prakAra se prahAra hotA hai- pahalA hai unakA kSaya jisake calate vaha 11veM guNasthAna ko sparza kie binA sIdhA 12veM gaNasthAna meM pahu~ca jAtA hai| jabaki dasarA tarIkA hai usase upazama va kSayika zreNI ke dvArA bacAva karane kA jisameM / / ve guNasthAna meM pahu~catA hai jahA~ patanonmukha hone kA vidhAna hai| mahavratoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA muni saMjvalana nAmaka cauthe kaSAya va naukaSAyoM ke meda hone aura pA~ca prakAra ke pramAda kA abhAva hone para apramattasaMyata nAmaka guNasthAna ko prApta hotA hai| vaha jIva samyaktva- samakita saha sAvadhayoga kA parisyAga kara antarmukha sAdhanA meM pUrNa rUpa se lIna ho jAtA hai| chaThaveM guNasthAna taka dravyaliMgI (bAhya) puruSArtha kA prakaTIkaraNa yA naitika AcaraNa kI apekSA rahatI hai usake bAda ke guNasthAna meM bhAvaliMga (Antarika) tapa vAMchanIya hai| apramatta guNasthAna ke isake do bheda haiM 1. apramattavirata- jo asaMkhyAta bAra chaThaveM se sAtaveM aura sAtaveM se chaThaveM guNasthAna meM AtA rahatA hai use apramattavirata kahate haiN| 2- sAtizaya apramattavirata- jo jIva zreNI car3hane ke sammukha ho use sAtizaya apramattavirata kahate haiN| yahA~ jIva antarmuhUrta ke lie rahatA hai| -cauthI saMjvalana kaSAya kA udaya hone para mahAvratadhArI muni pramAda rahita hone para isa apramattasaMyata guNasthAna ko prApta karatA hai| kaSAya nAma zeSa raha jAte haiN| (viSaya, rAga, nidrA, vikathA aura kaSAyavRtti kA prmaann| - isa guNasthAna meM jIva darzana saptaka kI sAta prakRtiyoM ko chor3akara mohanIya karma prakRtiyoM kA kSaya yA upazama karane heta udayata banatA hai yahA~ usake sAtha hotA hai vrata zIla yukta jJAna, dhyAnarUpa dhana aura maunI aatmaa| - isa guNasthAna meM AtmA mana, vaca kAya se pA~ca mahAvratoM kA pAlana, (prANAtipAta viramaNa, mRSAvAda, adattAdAna, maithuna, parigraha kA sarvathA tyAga) dasa dharma aMgIkAra (uttama kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, satya, zauca, saMyama, tapa, tyAga, AkiMcana evaM vrahmacarya), paMcedriya nigraha, cAra saMjJA(rAga) kA tyAga- AhAra, bhaya ,parigraha aura maithuna kA tyAga Adi karatA hai|

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8. apUrvakaraNa guNasthAnaisa avasthA meM pahu~cakara AtmA karmAvaraNa ke halke ho jAne se viziSTa AdhyAtmika Ananda kI anubhUti karatA hai| aisI sthiti pUrva meM na huI ho isalie ise apUrva kahA jAtA hai| vikasita Atmazakti ke kAraNa usake navIna karmoM kA bandha bhI alpakAraka yA alpa mAtrA meM hI hotA hai| isa avasara kA lAbha uThAkara sAdhaka karma vargaNAoM ko aise krama meM rakha detA hai ki jisake phalasvarUpa unakA samaya ke pUrva hI bhoga kiyA jA ske| jisa prakAra bandhanoM meM ba~dhA huA vyakti bandhano ke jIrNa kSINa ho jAne para prasannatA kA anubhava karatA hai vahI ahasAsa jIva ko apUrvakaraNa kI avasthA meM hotA hai kyoMki isa sthiti meM mAtra bIjarUpa (saMjjavalana) hI mAyA aura lobha zeSa raha jAte haiN| zeSa kaSAyAdi bhAva yA to kSINa ho jAte haiM yA damita kara die jAte haiN| apUrvakaraNa kA zAbdika artha hai- AtmapariNAma adhyvsaay| jIva sthitighAta, rasaghAta, guNazreNI, guNasaMkramaNa tathA sthitibaMdha meM pA~ca apUrva karatA hai jo usane pahale na kiye hoN| isakA anya nAma nivRttikaraNa bhI hai tathA ise nivRttibAdara bhI kahA jAtA hai| apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna ke prathamAzaM se hI kSapaka zreNI yA upazama zreNI kA Arambha ho jAtA hai| chaThaveM-sAtaveM guNasthAna meM yadi jIva sAvadhAna na rahe to nIce giratA hai isake viparIta Upara kI ora AThaveM guNasthAna meM ArohaNa karatA hai| guNasthAna kI ucca sthitiyoM kA kAla laghu yA svalpa hotA calA jAtA hai| aSTama guNasthAna kI sthiti antarmuhUrta kI hai| apUrvakaraNa kI prakriyA ke pA~ca caraNa haiM1. sthitighAta 2. rasaghAta 3. guNazreNI 4. guNasaMkramaNa tathA 5. apUrva sthiti bndh| isa avasthA meM sAdhaka AtmavizvAsa se itanA bhara jAtA hai ki vaha mokSa ko apane adhikAra kSetra kI vastu samajhane lagatA hai| upazamaka kA artha hai- udayAbhAva meM AI huI karma prakRtiyoM kA vinAza na karake unheM sattA meM dabAte hue Age bddh'naa| kSapaka kA artha hai- udayabhAva meM AI huI karmaprakRtiyoM kA kSaya karate hue Age bddh'naa| upazama zreNI AtmA ko nirmala to karatI hai kintu 11veM gaNasthAna se Upara nahIM car3hane detI yahA~ AyuSya pUrNa kara jIva svarga meM jAtA hai tathA patita hone para mithyAtva guNasthAna taka bhI A sakatA hai aura adhogati kA pAtra banatA hai| isa guNasthAna se kSapaka yA upazama zreNI kA Arambha hotA hai| kSapaka zreNI vAlA mahAtmA 10veM guNasthAna se sIdhA 12veM guNasthAna meM car3hatA hai aura mokSagAmI banatA hai| kSapakazreNI jIva ko eka hI bAra prapta hotI hai| upazama zreNI jIva ko mAtra 4 bAra prApta hai eka bhava meM adhikatama do baar| AThavAM guNasthAnavartI AtmA kSapaka kahalAtA hai yadi karma kSaya Arambha kara de| zamana karane kI sthiti meM use upazama kahate haiN| jaise rasAyana sevana se zarIra kI puSTi hotI hai usI prakAra ina cAra bhAvanAoM ke sevana se dharmadhyAna kI puSTi hotI hai(a) maitrI- parahita ciMtA maitrI

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(ba) pramoda- parahita tuSTimurditA (sa) karuNA- dukhI prANI ko dekhakara hradaya kA~pa jAnA dukha dUra karane kA yathA saMbhava prayAsa karanA (da) mAdhyastha bhAvanA- atyanta ghora pApI kA bhI tiraskAra na karanA isa guNasthAna meM AtmA kI viziSTa zuddhi ho jAne se chaH AvazyakoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| "AyA samAie, AyA samAissa aTaThe" arthAt AtmA hI sAmAyika hai aura AtmA hI sAmAyika kA artha hai| isa prakAra uttama dhyAna ke yoga se AtmA kI zuddhi hotI hai| isa guNasthAna meM AtmA saMkalpa- vikalpa se makta hotI hai| 9. anivRttikaraNa(bAdara samparAya) guNasthAnasamparAya= cAritra mohanIya kaSAya bAdara= sthuul| moha ke sUkSma svarUpa kI upasthiti ke calate ise bAdara samparAya guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| bAdara(sthUla) kaSAyoM kA kSaya yA upazama isa guNasthAna kA zAbdika artha hai| isakA kAla eka antarmuhUrta kA hai| jaba jIva kevala (9 meM se 6 kaSAya bhAva- hAsya, rati, arati, bhaya, zoka va ghRNA ko chor3akara) bIjarUpa(saMjjavalana) lobha ko chor3akara zeSa samasta kASAyika bhAva viniSTa kara detA hai yA upazamakara letA hai taba use yaha avasthA prApta hotI hai| upazama kI sthiti meM ina pariNAmoM ke panaH prakaTIkaraNa kI saMbhAvanA ko nakArA nahIM jA sakatA phira bhI AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA ke pathika kA manobala itanA dRr3ha ho cukA hotA hai tathA cAritra panA vizuddhi kI sAmAnya dazAoM meM patanonmukha hone kI saMbhAvanA atialpa ho jAtI hai| sUkSma lobha se jur3I jo 9 kaSAya haiM unameM se ukta 6 ke zeSa rahane se hI mukhya kASAyika pariNAmoM ke udaya kI saMbhAvanA ko vyakta kiyA gayA hai| bhAva nirjarA- kaSAyoM yA icchAoM kA yama rUpa tyAga bhAva nirjarA hai| vRtti ko manovaijJAnika AdhAra mAnA jA sakatA hai- kyoMki padArtha acchA yA burA nahIM hotA kintu padArtha ke prati jo rAga hai vaha dukha kA mUla hai vahI tyAjya hai| jIva meM dhIre-dhIre padArthoM ko eka-eka karake chor3ate jAne se usase makti kI vatti vikasita hotI hai | phira padArtha ko svayaM ke sukha-dukha kA kAraNa nahIM maantaa| maryAdita AhAra bhI rAga chuTane kI pravRtti kA eka bhAva hai| vyucchitti- jisa guNasthAna meM jina karmaprakRtiyoM ke baMdha, udaya tathA sattA kI jo sthiti hai vaha usI taka hI rahe arthAt Age ke kisI guNasthAna meM usa karma prakRti kA baMdha, udaya evaM sattA kA na honA vyucchitti hai| isa guNasthAna meM prApta adhyAvasAyoM kI nivRtti nahIM hone se ise anivRttikaraNa bAdarasAmparAya guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| isameM apratyAkhyAnAdi bAraha bAdara kaSAya aura nau kaSAyo kA upazamana yA kSayaNa Arambha hotA hai| 10. sUkSma samparAya guNasthAnaisa guNasthAna meM AtmA ke uparokta 6 bhAvoM bhI kSaya yA upazama ho jAte haiM aura phira raha jAtA hai mAtra sUkSma lobh| digambara jaina darzana ke mutAbika yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki 28 46

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17. karma prakRtiyoM meM se 27 karma prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karake sAdhaka isa guNasthAna meM pahu~cA hai| lobha kA sUkSma aMza hone ke kAraNa hI isakA nAma samparAya hai| avacetanarUpa meM zarIra ke prati jo rAga rahA huA hai use sUkSma lobha ke saMdarbha meM samajhA jA sakatA hai aisA mata DaoN. TATiyA rakhate haiN| isa guNasthAna meM AtmA mAtra saMjvalana lobha ke kucha aMzoM ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI kaSAyoM kA upazamana athavA kSayaNa karatI hai| isa guNasthAna meM mohanIya karma ke sUkSma aMzoM kA saMvedana (upazama yA kSaya ke dvArA) hotA hai| kSaya yA kSapaka ke dvArA Age bar3hane se sIdhA 12vAM guNasthAna ArUr3ha hotA hai jabaki upazama meM 11vaaN| isa guNasthAna kI sthiti eka antarmuhUrta kAla kI hotI hai| 11. upazAnta moha gaNasthAnayadi sAdhaka ne bace hue sUkSma lobha ko upazAnta kara diyA hai to vaha upazAnta moha nAmaka hai lekina AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke patha para agrasara sAdhaka ke lie yaha avasthA bar3I hI khataranAka hotI hai| yadyapi naitika vikAsa kI yaha eka utkRSTa avasthA hai (isameM sukSma lobha kA upazama hI hotA hai) tathApi nirvANa ke sAtha saMyojita na hone ke kAraNa sAdhaka kA yahA~ se lauTanA anivArya hotA hai| arthAt yaha AtmotkarSa kI vaha avasthA hai jisameM patana nizcita hai| jJAta hai ki kSAyika vidhi meM vAsanAoM ko naSTa karake hI Age bar3hA jAtA hai, upazama meM damana karake Age bar3hatA hai jabaki kSayopazama donoM kA sammilita rUpa hai jisameM sAdhaka AMzika rUpa se kSaya karatA hai tathA AMzika rUpa se upazama yA dmn| sAtaveM guNasthAna taka sAdhaka ina tInoM vidhiyoM kA upayoga kara letA hai| AThaveM guNasthAna meM tIsarA saMyukta svarUpa samApta ho jAtA hai vaha kevala kSaya yA upazama meM se kisI eka vidhi kA upayoga karatA hai| upazama yA nirodha sAdhanA kA saccA mArga nahIM hai kyoMki yadi duSpravRttiyAM naSTa nahIM huI to unheM ke yadi daSpravattiyAM naSTa nahIM haI to unheM kitanA hI dabAkara rakhA jAya kinta unake prakaTa hone meM adhika samaya nahIM lgtaa| jaise jaise damana bar3hatA hai vaise vaise utane hI adhika vega se visphoTaka hone kI saMbhAvanAeM bar3hatI haiN| 11vAM guNasthAna vAsanAoM ke damana kI parAkASThA hai| yahA~ upazama yA nirodha ke mArga kA sAdhaka svalpakAla(48 minaTa) taka isa zreNI meM rahakara vAsanA va kaSAyoM ke punaH prakaTIkaraNa ke phalasvarUpa nIce gira jAtA hai| saMjvalana lobha ke upazama se jIva isa guNasthAna meM pahu~catA hai| upazama zreNI kA jIva moha kA upazamana karake 11veM guNasthAna meM ArUr3ha. hotA hai aura vItarAgamaya Atma svarUpa kA anubhava karatA hai kintu mohanIya karma eka antarmuharta samaya paryanta se adhika upazAnta nahIM rahatA aura AtmA ko nIce ke guNasthAna meM utAra detA hai| jIva apane samasta saMsAra kAla meM isa guNasthAna ko cAra bAra aura eka jIvana meM adhikatama do bAra prApta karatA hai| dasaveM guNasthAna meM rahakara jIva ne sUkSma aura sthUla donoM prakAra kI kaSAyoM kA upazama kara liyA hai isa kAraNa ina karmoM kI sattA 11veM guNasthAna meM to hai kintu udaya meM nahIM hai jaba taka ye karma udaya meM na A jAe taba taka use udyamazIla rahanA par3atA hai| isa guNasthAna kI sthiti eka antarmuhUrta kAla kI hai| yadi jIvAtmA isa guNasthAna me rahate hue AyuSya pUrNa 47

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kara letA hai to vaha samyagdarzanayukta anuttara vimAna meM utpanna hotA hai isake viparIta AyuSya zeSa hone para usI krama meM (mithyAtva guNasthAna taka) patana ko prApta hotA hai jisa krama meM Arohar3ha kiyA thaa| AcArya nemicandrajI gommaTasAra(jIva kANDa, gAthA-61) meM likhate haiM ki zarada Rtu meM miTTI ke jama jAne se sarovara kA pAnI svaccha dikhatA hai kintu yaha nirmalatA sthAI nahIM hotii| miTTI ke punaH samparka meM Ane para vaha punaH malina ho jAtA hai ThIka yahI sthiti AtmA meM karmamala ke upazama yA damana ke calate prakaTa hotI hai| isase prApta Atmazuddhi eka niyata samayAvadhi ke pazcAta punaH malina yA patita ho jAtI hai| jisa prakAra rAkha ke Dhera meM dabI huI caMgArI rAkha ke haTane aura vAya ke saMyoga se panaH prajjavalita ho jAtI hai ThIka usI prakAra 11veM guNasthAna taka pahu~cI AtmA kASAyika pariNAmoM ke punaH prakaTIkaraNa ke kAraNa patita hokara nIce gira jAtI hai| vastutaH upazamana kI prakriyA meM saMskAra nirmUla nahIM hote| isI kAraNa unakI paramparA samaya pAkara punaH pravRddha ho jAtI hai| isa guNasthAna meM do sthitiyA~ ho sakatI haiMkAla kSaya- yadi dasaveM guNasthAna meM AtmA ne upazama vidhi ke dvArA karmoM kA kSaya kiyA hai to vaha isa guNasthAna ko prApta hotI hai aura antataH patanonmukha banatI hai| bhava kSaya- isa guNasthAna meM mRtyu hone para jIva anuttara vimAna meM ahimindra indra deva gati ko prApta hotA hai| usake pazcAta 5 bhava meM mokSa jAtA hai| 12. kSINamoha gaNasthAnasaMjvalana lobha kA kSaya karake jIva yahA~ AtA hai| kSapaka zreNI ke isa guNasthAna meM moha kA aMza mAtra bhI astitva na rahane se jIva ko sampUrNa vItarAgatva kA anubhava hotA hai| yahA~ jIva kabhI patana ko prApta nahIM hotaa| mohanIya karma kA kSaya, rAga-daveSAdi se rahita hokara jIva yahA~ utkRSTa zukla dhyAna meM lIna ho jAtA hai| kevalajJAna rUpI mahAsAmrAjya meM praveza se jIva isa 12veM guNasthAna meM eka antarmuhUrta kAla paryanta vizrAma letA hai| isa guNasthAna meM jIva sabhI karma prakRtiyoM kA abhAva ho jAne ke bAda mAtra eka sAtA vedanIya karma ko bA~dhatA hai| noTa- avikAsa mithyAtva sAsAdana aura mizra vikAsa patha - caturtha guNasthAnavartI- samyaktva meM zraddhAlu, paMcama dezavratI, utkRSTa zrAvaka, aNuvratI, chaThaveM pramatta saMyamavartI- dIkSAvartI sAdhaka, apramattasaMyata guNasthAnavartI sAdhupane meM dRr3ha. pratijJa hokara mahAvratI kI sAdhanA karatA hai isIlie ise sarva virata guNasthAna bhI kahate haiN| AThavAM apUrvakaraNa, navAM anivRttibAdara, dasavAM sUkSmasAmparAya,11vAM upazAntamoha tathA kSINamoha ye zreNIgata guNasthAna haiM jahA~ krodhAdi kaSAyoM tathA caritramoha kA upazama yA kSaya hotA hai| upazama dvArA 11veM guNasthAna meM pahu~cakara patana taya hai to kSaya ke dvArA 10veM se sIdhe 12veM guNasthAna meM pahu~cakara mokSa jAnA nizcita ho jAtA hai| jo sAdhaka kSaya vidhi ke dvArA sUkSma lobha ko bhI naSTa kara dete haiM ve 10veM guNasthAna se 11veM meM na jAkara sIdhe 12veM guNasthAna meM pahu~cate haiM jahA~ se patana nahIM hotaa|

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isa zreNI kA sAdhaka 28 karma prakRtiyoM kA kSaya kara cukA hotA hai isalie isa guNasthAna ko kSINamoha guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| yaha naitika va cAritrika vikAsa kI pUrNa avasthA hai jahA~ naitika-anaitikatA ke madhya saMgharSa samApta ho jAtA hai| naitika pUrNatA kI yaha avasthA yathAkhyAti cAritra hai| moha karma jo karmoM kI senA kA pradhAna senApati kahA jAtA hai, ke naSTa hone ke pazcAta thor3e hI samaya meM darzanAvaraNa, jJAnAvaraNa aura antarAya ye tInoM karma bhI naSTa hone lagate haiM tathA sAdhaka ananta darzana annata jJAna va annata (vIrya) cAritra zakti se yukta hokara vikAsa kI agrima zreNI meM calA jAtA hai| vikAsa kA yaha pratimAna patana ke bhaya se mukta hotA hai jisase sAdhaka vizuddha AdhyAtmikatA ke kSetra meM praveza pA jAtA hai| samasta karma prakRtiyoM ke kSaya kI avasthA / isake bAda AtmA kA patana nahIM hotA / - isa guNasthA meM AtmA karma kSaya karake kSapaka zreNI para ArUr3ha hotA hai| aura ghAtiyA karmoM kA nAza karake kevalajJAna ko prApta hotA hai| noTa- 1- yadi pUrva meM AyuSya baMdha nahI hotA hai to carama zarIrI AtmA caturtha ava samyagdRSTi meM ekAyuSya kA baMdha karatI hai tathA pA~caveM meM triyaMcAyu kA, sAtaveM meM devAyuSya evaM darzana mohanIya kI sAta karma prakRtiyo kA / kSapaka zreNI kI prakriyA mahAyoga kI sAdhanA hai| yadi pUrva meM kSAyika samyaktva ko prApta nahIM kiyA hai to sAtaveM guNasthAna meM AtmA anaMtAnubaMdhI 4 kaSAya evaM darzanatrika rUpa 7 karma prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karatI hai| zukladhyAna ke lie niSprakaMpa aura dRr3ha varyakAsana jarUrI hai| zAzvata jina pratimAeM isI Asana meM hotI hai| 13. sayoga kevalI guNasthAna - isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka sAdhaka nahIM rahatA kyoMki usake lie sAdhanA hetu aba kucha zeSa nahIM raha jAtA hai| Atma puruSArtha se vaha 4 ghAtiyA karmoM jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa, mohanIya va antarAya kA to kSaya kara cukA hai aura aba usake 4 aghAtiyA karmoM- Ayu, nAma, gotra va antarAya kA kSaya deha ke parityAga hone taka zeSa rahatA hai| yoga (mana, vacana va kAya) ke atirikta bandha ke 4 kAraNa mithyAtva avirata kaSAya va pramAda samApta ho cuke hote haiN| 1 - yoga ke calate bandha to hotA hai kintu kaSAyAdi ke abhAva meM vaha kSaNika hI rahatA hai aura usakI nirjarA bhI turaMta ho jAtI hai eka aupacArikatA kI taraha / yoga kI upasthiti ke kAraNa hI isa guNasthAna ke dhAraka ko sayoga kevalI kahA jAtA hai| isa avasthA meM dhyAna dhyAtA va dhyeya ke madhya koI bheda nahIM raha jaataa| isa guNasthAna meM zarIra sambandha bane rahane se zArIrika upAdhiyAM to banI rahatI haiM kintu AtmA nheM samApta karane kA prayAsa hI nahIM krtaa| 12veM guNasthAna meM sAdhaka kI samasta icchAeM samApta ho cukI hotI haiM vaha na to jIne kI cAhanA karatA hai aura na hI mRtyu kI AkAMkSA / dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki sAdhanA ke dvArA kevala unhIM karmoM kA kSaya ho sakatA hai jo udaya meM nahIM Ae haiM arthAt unakA phala vipAka Arambha nahIM huA hai| jina karmoM kA phala bhoga Arambha ho jAtA hai unheM madhyAvasthA meM kSINa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| vaidAntika vicAraNA meM bhI yaha tathya svIkRta hai| zrI lokamAnya tilaka likhate haiM ki jina 49

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karma phaloM kA upabhoga Arambha hone se yaha zarIra evaM janma milA hai usako bhoge binA chuTakArA nahI / jaina darzana ke alAvA gItA va bauddha darzana bhI isa tathya kI puSTi karate haiN| jisa jIva ke cAra ghAtiyA karmoM kA kSaya hokara lokA-loka prakAzaka kevalajJAna prakaTa ho jAtA ( paMcama jJAna ) hai vaha sayogakevalI hai| yahA~ ke pazcAta jIva kA AyuSya mAtra pA~cahrasvAkSara pramANa kAla hI zeSa rahatA hai taba taka jIva isa guNasthAna meM rahatA hai| isa guNasthAna meM jIvAtmA koI vicAra-vimarza yA cintana manana nahIM karatA (yaha kArya to chadmastha jIvAtmAoM kA hai kevalI bhagavantoM kA nahIM) phira bhI pUrNa manoyoga kA abhAva na hone evaM vacana va kAya yoga ke vidyamAna hone se jIva kI ye avasthA sayoga kevalI kahI jAtI hai| isa kAla meM mAnasika- kAyika evaM vAcika vyApAra hotA hai| anuttaravAsI devoM ke mana dvArA pU~che gaye praznoM kA uttara kevalI manoyoga se hI dete haiM-dharmopadeza ke samaya vacanayoga hotA hai| AhAra-nihAra-vihArAdi se kAyayoga hotA hai| digambara paramparA meM isa vidhAna kA niSedha kiyA gayA hai| jina kevalI bhagavanta ke vedanIya karma se AyuSya kI sthiti kama ho to usako samAna karane ke lie ve 'samudaghAta' karate haiN| anyathA zukladhyAna ke tIsare pAye sUkSmakriyA apratipAtI ke dhyAna kA Azraya lekara sUkSma yoga-nirodha karate haiM evaM sUkSma kAyayoga nirodha bhI karatA hai| ghAtiyAkarmoM ke kSaya kA vivaraNa karmoM ke kSaya kA prArambha kSAyika samyaktva kI prApti ke samaya hI ho jAtA hai| tIrthaMkarakevalI, sAmAnyakevalI athavA zrutakevalI ke sAnidhya meM hI karmabhUmija manuSya kSAyika samyaktva kI prApti kA puruSArtha karatA hai| 1-sarva prathama antaHkaraNa, apUrvakaraNa pariNAmoM se anaMtAnubaMdhI kaSAya catuSka kA visaMyojana dvArA kSaya ho jAtA hai| 2- pazcAta yaha jIva eka antarmuhUrta kAla paryanta vizrAma letA hai tadanantara punaH adhikaraNAdi tIna kaSAya pariNAmoM se mithyAtva karma samyagmithyAtva karmarUpa pariNamita ho jAtA hai| phira samyaka mithyAtva karma samyaka prakRti rUpa pariNamita ho jAtA hai| tadanantara krama se samyaka prakRti kA kSaya ho jAtA hai isa taraha darzana mohanIya kI tIna prakRtiyoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra samyaktva ghAtaka sAta prakRtiyoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| kSAyika samyaktva kA uparyukta abhUtapUrva kArya cauthe aviratasamyaktva guNasthAna se lekara sAtaveM apramattasamyaktva guNasthAna paryanta kisI bhI eka guNasthAna meM trikAla sahaja zuddha nija bhagavAna AtmA kA Azraya rUpa puruSArtha se hI hotA hai| 3- navameM kSAyika anivRttikaraNa guNasthAna meM apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA lobha aura pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha ina ATha karma prakRtiyoM kA parama sukha se abhAva ho jAtA hai arthAt ina ghAtirUpa pApa prakRtiyoM kA kSayaNa kAla meM samaya- samaya prati eka- eka pala kA saMjvalana krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha va puruSaveda rUpa karma meM saMkramita hokara donoM kaSAya caukar3iyoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| 50

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4-tadanantara isa kSapaka anivRttikaraNa guNasthAna meM hI darzanAvaraNa karma ke nidrA- nidrA pracalA- pracalA styAnagRddhi ina tIna kmoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| 5- pazcAta navameM guNasthAna meM strIveda Adi napusaMkaveda karma kA dravya puruSaveda karma meM saMkramita ho jAtA hai| tatpazcAtapuruSaveda tathA hasyadi chaH ( hAsya, rati, arati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA) ina sAta karmoM kA saMkramaNa saMjvalana krodha kaSAya karmoM meM hotA hai isa taraha nava nau kaSAyoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai ( zeSa bacI cAritra mohanIya karmoM meM se mAtra saMjvalana krodha,mAna, mAyA, lobha ke kSaya kA krama nimnAnusAra hai)| 6- navame guNasthAna meM hI saMjvalana krodha kaSAya kA saMkramaNa saMjvalana mAna kaSAya meM hotA hai tadanantara saMjvalana mAna kaSAya kA saMkramaNa saMjvalana mAyA kaSAya meM ho jAtA hai aura anta meM saMjvalana mAyA kaSAya kA saMkramaNa lobha kaSAya karma meM ho jAne para saMjvalana krodha,mAna aura mAyA evaM tIna kaSAyoM kA saMkramaNa hokara kSaya ho jAtA hai| saMjvalana lobha kaSAya kA saMkramaNa nahIM hotA hai saMkramita hone ke lie yahA~ (navame guNasthAna ke upAntya samaya meM) anya cAritra mohanIya karma kI sattA bhI zeSa nahIM rahI hai| cAritra mohanIya karma kA saMkramaNa anya sAta karmoM se bhI nahIM hotA hai ataH saMjvalana lobha kaSAya karma kA kSaya svamukha se hI hotA hai| pUrvokta prakAra kSapaka anivRttikaraNa guNasthAna meM hI cAritra mohanIyakarma kI 20 prakRtiyoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| 7- dasaveM guNasthAna ke prathama samaya se hI mAtra saMjvalana lobha kaSAya karma sUkSma lobha rUpa se udaya meM A rahA hai| bAdaralobha kaSAya kA sUkSma kRSTikaraNa kA kArya navame gaNasthAna meM hI sampanna ho gayA thA dasaveM guNasthAna ke antima samaya meM sUkSma lobha kaSAya kA bhI kSaya ho jAtA hai| 8- aba bArahaveM gaNasthAna ke prathama samaya se hI mohakarma tathA mohapariNAmoM ke abhAva se munirAja pUrNa vItarAgI ho gaye haiM aba mohanIya karma ke binA mAtra tIna ghAtiyA karmoM kI sattA zeSa hai darzanAvaraNIya nauM karmoM meM se chaH karma hI zeSa haiM, unameM se nidrA aura pracalA ina do karmoM kA bArahaveM kSINamoha guNasthAna ke upAntya samaya meM kSaya ho jAtA hai| 9- kSINakaSAya guNasthAna ke antima samaya jJAnAvaraNa karma kI matijJAnAvaraNAdi 5 prakRtiyA~ kula milAkara 14 karmaprakRtiyoM kA kSaya ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra saMsAra ke sabhI jIva apane- apane AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke tAratamya ke kAraNa guNasthAna meM ba~Te hue haiM inameM se prArambha ke cAra guNasthAna to nArakI, deva, manuSya aura triyaMca sabhI ko hote haiM pA~cavA guNasthAna kevala samajhadAra pazu pakSiyoM aura manuSyoM ke hotA hai pA~cave se Age sabhI guNasthAna AtmadhyAna meM lIna sAdhu ke hI hote haiM aura unameM se pratyeka guNasthAna kA kAla eka antarmuhUrta se kama hotA hai|

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14. ayoga kevalI gaNasthAna jaba jIva ghAtiyA karmoM ke kSayoparAnta zArIrika upAdhiyoM kI samApti nikaTa dekhatA hai to vaha zeSa karmoM ko samApta karane hetu yadi Avazyaka ho to prathama kevalI samud-ghAta karatA hai aura tatpazcAta sUkSmakriyApratipAti zukla dhyAna ke dvArA mAnasika, vAcika va kAyika vyApAroM kA nirodha kara letA hai tathA samuchinnanirupAdhi kriyApratipAti zukladhyAna dvArA niSprakampa sthiti ko prApta karake zarIra tyAga kara nirupAdhi siddhi yA mukti prApta kara letA hai| kevalI ke zubha dhyAna hotA hai| jaba pA~ca hrasvAkSara kAla pramANa AyuSya zeSa rahatA hai taba kevalI yoga nirodha prakriyA karake yoga rahita hotA hai| yaha yoga rahita avasthA hI ayogakevalI nAmaka 14vAM guNasthAna hai yahA~ ye AtmA siddhazilA ke lokAgra meM ArUr3ha ho jAtI hai|yh aSTadhaka karma avasthA hai| siddha jIvAtmA bhASaka karma sahita (ayogakevalI guNasthAna) ___ abhASaka karma rahita (koI guNasthAna inake nahIM hotA) isa guNasthAna meM rahane kI kAlAvadhi bhI atialpa hai jitanI ki pA~ca hasva svaroM a, i, u,R. ke uccAraNa meM lagatA hai| isa avasthA meM jIva ke samasta kAyika yogoM kA nirodha ho jAtA hai| yaha caramAdarza upalabdhi hai, yaha saMnyAsa hai| isake bAda kI sthiti ko vicArakoM ne zivapada, mokSa, nirvANa evaM nirguNa brahma kahA hai| jinhoMne(muni) dhyAtA dhyAna aura dhyeya kI ekatA siddha karadI hai unako leza bhI dukha nahIM hotaa| AyuSya zeSa rahane para kevalI jIva samadaghAta karatA hai| isakA vivaraNa isa prakAra hai| samudaghAta- janma aura mRtyu jIvana ke do chora haiN| isameM sAmAntaH janma ke samaya utsava tathA mRtyu ke samaya zoka evaM duHkha prakaTa karane kI paramparA hai kintu jaina dharma ne AdhyAtma ke kSetra meM mRtyu ko mahotsava kA svarUpa pradAna karane kI jo prakriyA prastuta kI usa avadhAraNA ko sallekhanA ,saMnyAsa maraNa, samAdhi maraNa, vIra maraNa, paMDita maraNa, saMthArA Adi nAmoM se abhihita kiyA jAtA hai mRtyu jIvana kI avazyaMbhAvI ghaTanA hai jisakA koI apavAda nahIM hai kintu jaina dharma ne jIvana jInekI kalA jaisA Adarza prastuta kiyA hai| koI bhI manuSya apane puruSArtha dvArA jIvana aura mRtyu ina donoM ko sArthaka banA sakatA hai| jaina sAdhanA paddhati meM jo saMyamamaya jIvana jIte haiM, ve isake pUrNa adhikArI banate hai kyoMki sallekhanA eka sAdhAraNa nahIM, apitu asAdhAraNa sAdhanA hai| sAdhaka apane jIvana meM sarva prathama yaha dekhatA hai ki hamAre zarIra aura AtmA ina donoM meM se kauna nazvara aura kauna zAzvata hai , merA bhalA kisameM nihita hai aisI sthiti meM nazvara zarIra kI apekSA sAdhaka zAzvata AtmA 52

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aura usake kalyANa ko hI sarvAdhika mahatva ucita samajhAtA hai| paM. AzAdharajI ne isa saMdarbha meM likhA hai nAvazyaM nAzine hiMsyo dharmo dehAya kAmadaH / deho naSTaH punarlabhyo dharmastvatyantadurlabhaH / / sarvArthasiddhi AcArya pUjyapAda ne saMlekhanA ke mahatva aura AvazyakatA ko pratipAdita karate hue likhA maraNa, kisI ko iSTa nahIM hai| jaise aneka prakAra ke sone, cA~dI, bahumUlya vastroM Adi kA vyApAra karane vAle kisI ko bhI apane ghara kA vinAza kabhI bhI iSTa nahIM ho sktaa| yadi kadAcita usake vinAza kA koI (agni, bAr3ha Adi) kAraNa upasthita ho jAya to vaha usakI rakSA karane kA pUrA upAya karatA hai aura jaba rakSA kA upAya saphala hotA huA nahIM dekhatA hai to ghara meM rakhe hue una sonA- cA~dI Adi bahumUlya padArthoM ko, jitanA saMbhava bane, vaise bacAtA hai tathA ghara ko naSTa hone detA hai| AcArya samantabhadra kahate haiM- jIvana meM Acarita anazanAdika vividha tapa kA phala anta samaya gRhIta saMlekhanA hai ataH apanI pUrI zakti ke sAtha samAdhipUrvaka maraNa ke lie prayatna karanA caahie| vastutaH zarIra dhAraNa ke udyezya jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kI abhivRddhi hai| jaba vaha na ho sake to isa zarIra ko saMlekhanA ke lie samarpita kara denA caahie| jaina sAdhanA paddhati ke anusAra koI sAdhaka asamaya meM mRtyu ko nimaMtraNa nahIM detA, parantu jaba saMyama jIne kA anya koI upAya zeSa rahe to apane saMyama kI rakSArtha zarIra kA moha chor3akara AtmalIna ho jAtA hai| yaha aisA hI hai jaise hama apanI koI priya vastu pheMkanA nahIM cAhate, parantu hamArI naukA bhArI hokara DUbane lage to bahumUlya vastu ko bacAne ke lie hama alpa mUlya vAlI vastuoM ko tatkAla nadI meM pheMka dete haiN| saMlekhanA meM bhI jIvana kI nAva DUbate samaya saMyama sAdhanA jaisI durlabha aura bahumUlya nidhi ko bacAne ke lie sAdhaka zarIra jaisI tuccha vastu kA moha tyAga detA hai| vaha mRtyu ko mAtA ke samAna upakArI mAnatA hai, kyoMki mRtyu hI jIva ko jIrNazIrNa zarIra se uDAkara nayA zarIra prApta karAtI hai| saMlekhanA meM rata sAdhaka ko na to zIghra maraNa kI kAmanA karanI cAhie aura na adhika jIne kI AkAMkSA hii| use to apanI ajara amara AtmA ke anubhava meM aisA lIna ho jAnA cAhie ki vaha jIvana aura maraNa ke vikalpoM se bahuta Upara uTha jaay| AcArya sakalakIrti ne bhI kahA hai dhIratvena satAM mRtyu, kAtaratvena ced bhavet / kAtara tvaM balAtyaktvA, dhIratve maraNaM varaM / / / mRtyu dhIratA se bhI prApta hotI hai aura kAtaratA ( dInatA) se bhI hotI hai, taba kAtaratA ko sAhasa ke sAtha chor3akara dhIratApUrvaka maraNa karanA zreSTha hai| AcArya samaMtabhadra ne ThIka kahA hai antakriyAdhikaraNa tapaH phalaM sakaladarzinaH stuvate / tasmAdyAvadvibhavaM samAdhimaraNe prayatitavyaM / / arthAt jIvana ke anta meM samAdhi kA Alamba lekara zarIra kA tyAga karanA hI jIvana meM kI gaI tapasyA kA phala hai, jise muni aura gRhastha sabhI ko samAna rUpa se apanAnA cAhie aura zaktibhara pUrNa prayatna kara samAdhi maraNa karane kA avasara cUkanA nahIM caahie| samAdhimaraNa vahI prApta kara sakatA hai, jo prArambha se hI dharma kI ArAdhanA meM sAvadhAna rahA hai| kadApi 53

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aisA bhI saMbhava hai ki kisI ne yAvajjIvana dharmArAdhanA meM citta na lagAyA ho, kintu anta kAla meM apUrva viveka kA bala prApta kara samAdhi karale kintu yaha kAkatAlIya nyAyavat atyanta kaThina hai| jaise tAr3a vRkSa se phala TUTa kara ur3ate hue kaue ke mukha me vaha phala prApta ho jAnA kaThina hai, vaise hI saMskArahIna jIvana meM samAdhimaraNa pAnA duHsAdhya hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne saMlekhanA dhAraNa kI sthitiyoM para prakAza DAlate hue kahA haiupasarge durbhikSe jarasi rujAyAM ca niH prtiikaare| dharmAya tanuvimocanamAhuH sNllekhnaamaaryaaH|| arthAt jisake pratikAra( nivAraNa) kA koI upAya nahIM ho, aise upasarga, durbhikSa, bur3hApA aura asAdhya roga ke upasthita hone para jIvana meM paripAlita dharma(zraddhA, jJAna aura AcAra) kI rakSA ke lie zarIra kA vidhipUrvaka tyAga karanA saMlekhanA yA samAdhimaraNa hai| bhagavatI ArAdhanA ke kartA AcArya zivArya ke zabdoM meM -saMlekhanA ke lie vahI tapa yA usakA vahI krama aMgIkAra karanA cAhie, jo dravya, kSetra, kAla aura zarIra dhAtu ke anukUla ho, kyoMki sAmAnyataH saMlekhanA kA jo krama batalAyA gayA hai vahI krama rahe - aise ekAnta niyama se sAdhaka ko pratibaddhatA ho sakatI hai| ataeva saMlekhanA dhArakoM ko pA~ca nimnalikhita doSoM se svayaM ko bacAnA cAhie- 1- jIvana kI AzaMsA, 2- maraNa kI AzaMsA, 3- mitra ke prati anurAga, 4bhuktabhogoM kI smRti, 5- AgAmI bhava meM acche bhogoM kI prApti kI kaamnaa| saMlekhanA AtmaghAta nahIM hai| ___ yadi AyuSya karma kI sthiti vedanIya Adi karmoM (vedanIya, nAma,gotra) kI apekSA se kama haiM to use talya karane ke lie AtmA samudraghAta karatI hai| isa samudaghAta davarA AtmA dIrghakAla ke bAda bhogane yogya karmoM ko prabala prayatna se udIraNA karake udaya meM lAkara naSTa kara lete hai| jina kevalI ke vedanIyAdi tri karmoM kI sthiti zeSa hoM ve samudaghAta nahIM krte| samudraghAta ke 7 prakAra haiM1. vedanA samudraghAta- bhayaMkara vedanA ke kAraNa dukhI huI AtmA apane Atma karmoM se AvRta apane Atma pradezoM ko zarIra meM se bAhara nikalatI hai aura zarIra ke mukha Adi khAlI bhAgoM ko Atma pradezoM se bhara detI hai| zarIra pramANa AtmA vyApaka banakara rahatI hai| isa kAla meM AtmA asAtA vedanIya karma ke bahuta se aMzo kA nAza karatI hai| ise hI vedanA samudraghAta kahA jAtA hai / 2. kaSAya samudraghAta - kaSAya se vyAkula AtmA zarIra vyApI banakara eka antarmuhurta ke kAla meM kaSAya mohanIya karma ke aneka aMzoM kA nAza karatI hai| 3. maraNAntikaM samudraghAta- mRtyu ke bhaya se vyAkula AtmA eka antarmuhurta jitanA AyuSya bAkI rahane para zarIra ke pole bhAgoM meM Atma pradezoM ko bharakara zarIra kI lambAIcauDAI jitanA banatA hai parantu lambAI meM jaghanya se aMgula ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga jitanA aura utkRSTa se utpatti sthAna ke asaMkhya karma ke bahuta se dalikoM kA nAzakara jIva mRtyu pAtA hai|

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4. vaikriya samudraghAtavaikriya zaktivAlA jIva apane zarIra meM se Atma pradezoM ko bAhara nikAlakara apane zarIra ke pole bhAga ko Atma pradezoM se bharatA hai| antarmuhurta taka isa prakAra rahakara vaikriya zarIra nAma karma ke bahuta se dalikoM kA nAza karatA hai| 5. taijasa samudraghAta tejo lezyA kI zaktivAlA jIva, vaikrIya samudraghAta kI taraha svazarIra pramANa moTA- cauDA banatA hai aura daNDAkRti banAte hue antarmuhurta kAla meM tejasa zarIra nAma karma ke bahuta se se dalikoM kA nAza karatA hai| 6. AhAraka samudraghAta AhAraka labdhivAle caudaha pUrvaghara maharSi AhAraka zarIra banAte hai| ve apane zarIra meM se Atma pradezoM ko bAhara nikAlakara zarIra pramANa moTA cauDA karate hai aura antarmuhurta kAla meM bahuta se AhAraka zarIra nAma karma dalikoM kA nAza karate haiN| 7. kevalI samudraghAta- vedanIya nAma aura gotra karma kI sthiti AyuSya karma se adhika ho taba kevalI bhagavaMta usa sthiti ko samAna karane ke lie apane Atma pradezoM ko zarIra se bAhara nikAlane ke lie apane Atma pradezo ko zarIra se bAhara nikAlakara caudaha rAja loka 3 meM vyApakara una karmoM kI sthiti kA jo hrAsa karate haiM vaha kevalI samudraghAta hai| samudaghAta ke samayaH yaha samudghAta 8 samaya meM pUrA kiyA jAtA hai| pahale 4 samaya meM vyApa / karAne evaM aMtima 4 samaya meM khiMcAva kiyA jAtA hai - 3 1. pahalA samaya sarva prathama AtmA Atma pradezoM ko zarIra se bAhara nikAlakara apane zarIra kI moTAI ke anusAra daMDAkAra rUpa meM caudaha rAja loka meM vyApta ho jAtI hai| 2. dUsarA samaya dUsare samaya meM jAtA hai| AtmA pradezoM ko pUrva AtmA pradezoM ko pUrva - pazcima kapATa kI racanA meM DhAlA 3. tIsarA samaya - isa samaya meM zeSa rahI do dizAoM meM Atma pradezoM ko loka paryanta phailA diyA jAtA hai| 4. cauthA samaya- cauthe samaya meM loka kA jo bhAga bAkI raha gayA hai vahA~ AtmA pradezoM ko phailA diyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra AtmA caudaha rAja loka vyApI bana jAtI hai| aba viparIta kriyA hotI hai........ 5. pA~cavA samaya- cauthe samaya meM avazeSa bhAgoM ko jina Atma pradezoM se bharA thA vahA~ se Atma pradezoM ko AtmA se khIMca liyA jAtA hai| 6. chaTThA samaya isameM do dizAoM ke Atma pradezoM ko punaH khIMca liyA jAtA hai aura Atma pradeza kapATAkAra raha jAte haiN| 7. sAtavA~ samaya- isameM kapATAkAra Atma pradezoM kA bhI saMharaNa kara diyA jAtA hai aura pradeza daNDAkAra zeSa raha jAtA hai| 8. AThavA~ samaya isa samaya meM daNDAkAra AtmA pradezoM kA bhI saMharaNa kara diyA jAtA hai aura AtmA apane zarIra vyApI bana jAtI haiN| noTa - ( 1. chaH mAsa se adhika AyuSya vAlI AtmA yadi kevajJAna prApta karatI hai to nizcaya se samudraghAta karatI hai| zeSa kevalI vikalpa se karate bhI haiM/nahIM karate) samudraghAta karate haiN| 55

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2.samudraghAta kI kriyA ke dvArA vedanIya, nAma aura gotra karmoM kI sthiti ko AyuSya kI sthiti ke anurupa kara lene ke bAda kSapaka AtmA tIna yoga vAlI bana jAtI hai| isake tyAga hetu AtmA 13veM guNasthAna ke aMta meM yoga nirodha kI kriyA hetu (sUkSma kriyA anivRtti dhyAna) tRtIya zukladhyAna kA dhyAna karatI haiN|) guNasthAna meM maraNaguNasthAna gati meM utpanna prathama cAroM gatiyoM meM( deva gati meM navagreveyaka taka) davitIya tIna gatiyoM meM, niyama se naraka nahIM jaataa| tRtIya isameM maraNa nahIM hotaa| caturtha pUrva meM mithyAtva pariNAmoM se jisa Ayu kA baMdha kiyA ho bAda meM samyaktva prApta karane para bhI usI meM jAtA hai| naraka se nIce nahIM jaataa| triyaMca gati meM bhoga bhUmi kA triyaka banatA hai, karma bhUmi kA nahI, deva gati meM svarga hI jAtA hai yadi kisI Ayu kA baMdha nahIM huA hai to deva gati meM hI jAtA hai| pA~caveM se gyArahaveM ina guNasthAnoM meM jIva marakara deva gati meM hI utpanna hotA hai| anya taka gati meM nahIM aura deva gati meM bhI kalpavAsI deva banatA hai| ayogakevalI guNasthAna isa guNasthAna meM jIva siddha gati maraNa kara (siddhazilA) ko pA jAtA hai| gaNasthAna meM utarane va caDhane ke mArga1-pahale guNasthAna se Upara ke gamana ke cAra mArga haiN| jIva pahale se tIsare, cauthe, pA~caveM tathA sAtaveM guNasthAna meM jA sakatA hai| thAna se nIce kI ora gamana kA eka hI mArga hai ( dUsare se pahale meM AnA) dUsare se Upara kI ora gamana kA koI mArga hai| 3- tIsare gaNasthAna meM nIce va Upara kI ora gamana kA eka hI mArga hai| 4- cauthe guNasthAna se nIce ke gamana ke tIna mArga haiM ( cauthe se tIsare, dUsare vapahale guNasthAna meM) aura Upara gamana ke do mArga ( cauthe se pA~caveM tathA sAtaveM guNasthAna) haiN| 5- pA~caveM se nIce ke tIna mArga haiM( pA~caveM se cauthe, tIsare, dUsare evaM pahale guNasthAna meM) hai aura Upara gamana kA kevala eka mArga hai| ( pA~caveM se sAtaveM meM) 6- chaThe se nIce kI ora pA~ca mArga aura Upara kI ora chaThe se sAtaveM meM eka hI mArga hai| 56

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7- sAtaveM guNasthAna ( upazama zreNI ke sammuka) se nIce kI ora do mArga haiN| (sAtaveM se chaThe meM aura maraNa kI apekSA cauthe meM) aura Upara kI ora gamana kA eka hI mArga hai sAtaveM se AThaveM meM) 8- AThaveM guNasthAna (upazama zreNI vAle) se nIce kI ora do mArga (AThaveM se sAtaveM meM tathA maraNa kI apekSA cauthe meM) aura Upara kI ora gamana karane kA eka hI mArga hai ( sAtaveM se AThaveM meM) 9- navame guNasthAna (upazama zreNI vAle) se nIce kI ora gamana karane ke do mArga ( navame se AThaveM tathA maraNa kI apekSA cauthe meM) tathA Upara kI ora dasaveM guNasthAna meM eka hI mArga hai| 10- dasaveM guNasthAna ( upazama zreNI vAle) se nIce kI ora gamana karane ke do mArga (dasaveM se navame meM tathA maraNa kI apekSA cauthe meM) aura Upara kI ora do mArga (dasaveM se gyArahave meM) 11- gyArahave guNasthAna se nIce gamana ke do mArga (dasave meM tathA maraNa kI apekSA cauthe meM) tathA Upara kI ora koI mArga nahIM hai| se Upara gamana kA mArga krama se AThaveM, dasave, nIce kA mArga nahIM haiN| 12- sAtaveM guNasthAna ( kSapaka zreNI vAle) bArahaveM, terahave, caudahave guNasthAna (siddha) hai| jIva kA uddezya mokSa prapti hai vaha kramazaH karmoM kI nirjarA karatA huA ucca se uccatara gati pAtA huA anta meM uccatama mokSa sthiti ko prApta hotA hai jahA~ se phira use bhaTakanA nahIM pdd'taa| samyaktva prApta hone ke pazcAta jIva nIca gati prathama naraka ke sivAya bAkI ke chaH narakoM, hInAdhika deva ( bhavanavAsI, vyantara evaM jyotiSI) nArI, sthAvara se lekara caturindriya taka pazu paryAya taka dhAraNa nahIM karanI pdd'tii| guNasthAnoM meM zreNI car3hane kI pAtratA sambandhI vidhAna napuMsaka, 1. yadi caramazarIrI AtmA upazama se 11veM guNasthAna meM car3hatI hai to patanonmukha hone para kramazaH 10 9 8 aura phira 7veM guNasthAna para Akara rukatI hai aura kSAyika samyaktva prApta kara kSapaka zreNI car3ha sakatI hai| 2. yadi AtmA carama zarIrI nahIM hai to niyata krama se nIce Ate-Ate yadi chaThe guNasthAna meM ruka jAya to punaH dUsarI bAra bhI usI bhava meM upazama zreNI car3ha sakatI hai / ( eka bhava meM do bAra upazama zreNI car3hanA karmagraMthika mata hai, saiddhAntika nahI) 3 3. yadi patanonmukha AtmA chaThe guNasthAna meM nahIM ruke to vaha pA~cave aura cauthe guNasthAna A sakatI hai aura yadi anantAnubaMdhI kaSAya udaya meM A jAya to vaha sva ko prApta kara punaH mithyAtva guNasthAna meM A sakatI hai| 4. upazama zreNI saMsAra cakra meM utkRSTatA se 4 bAra tathA eka jIva ko eka bhava meM do bAra prApta ho sakatI hai| 57

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5. kSAyika samyagdRSTi aura dvitiyopazama samyagdRSTi jIva pAtra hai| jabaki prathamopazama samyaktva vAlA tathA kSAyopazama samyakatvI pAtra nahIM hai| 6. zreNI- cAritra mohanIya karma kI zeSa 21 karma prakRtiyoM kA kSaya / upazama isa dRSTi se do bheda haiMkSaya /kSAyika zreNI = jo kSaya ke calate milatI hai upazama zreNI = jo upazama ke calate milatI hai| upazama zreNI ke guNasthAna - AThavAM, navamAM, dasavAM aura gyArahavAM guNasthAna (4) tathA kSapaka zreNI ke AThavAM, navamAM, dasavA aura bArahavAM (4) guNasthAna haiN| 7. AThaveM guNasthAnavI jIva ke bhAvI paryAya meM vartamAna paryAya kA Aropa kara lene se kSapaka aura upazama kI siddhi vyavahAra se ho jAtI hai isalie isa guNasthAna meM karmoM kA kSaya va upazama na hone para bhI isa guNasthAnavartI ko kSapaka yA upazamaka kahA jAtA hai| 8. naveM anivRttikaraNa guNasthAna kA kAla mAtra antarmuhUrta kA hai yahA~ jIvoM meM eka samAna, vizuddha nirmala pariNAma (dhyAna rUpa agni kI zikhAoM se karma vana ko bhasma karanA) hote haiN| dhavala graMtha- pRSTha- 187 / / 9. sUkSmasAmparAya nAmaka dasaveM guNasthAna meM pA~coM bhAvoM meM se yathArtha bhAva hai- audAyika bhAva- gati, lezyA, asiddhatva arthAt pradezatva guNa, kriyA guNa, yoga guNa, avyAbAdha guNa, avagAhana guNa,agurulaghU guNa aura sUkSmatva gunn| ye sampUrNa rUpa se vikArI bhAvoM kA pariNamana karate haiN| 10. upazama va kSAyika bhAva se aneka jIvoM ke zraddhA guNa kA pariNamana hotA hai 11. kSayopazama bhAva ke pariNamana se jJAnaguNa, darzana guNa, vIrya guNa tathA cAritra guNa hote 12. pAriNAmika bhAvoM ke calate jIvatva va bhavyatva kA pariNamana hotA hai 13. sayogakevalI nAmaka 13veM guNasthAna meM jIva kevalajJAna se yuta ho jAtA hai vahA~ usakI vANI khiratI hai jise bhaSA vizeSa na kahakara dhvani kahA jAtA hai| dasa aSTa mahA bhASA sameta, laghu bhASA sAta zataka sucet| 14. kevalI bhagavanta jIva ko( puNyApuNya kA abhAva hone se) bhAva udIraNA nahIM hotI kyoMki pariSahoM ko jItanA bhI rAga kA pariNAma hai| isa guNasthAnavartI ke rAgAdi samasta bhAvoM kA abhAva hotA hai| 15. kevalI jIva kavalAhAra (kisI bhI prakAra kI AhAra) nahIM krtaa| 58

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16. caudahavAM audAyika mizrakAya yoga aparyAptikoM (siddha) ke hotA hai isalie samudaghAta kevalI aparyAptaka kahe jAte haiN| guNasthAna sambaMdhI anya mahatvapUrNa vidhAna1. saMjvalana lobha kA punaH udaya hone se jIva 11veM guNasthAna se vApasa nIce giratA hai| 2. kevalajJAna prakaTa hone ke pazcAta jIvAtmA aura zarIra kA sambandha jaghanya antarmuhUrta taka tathA atkRSTa nava varSa kama eka kor3a varSa pUrva taka raha sakatA hai| kaSAyavaMta jIvAtmA prathama se dasaveM guNasthAna taka vidyamAna raha sakate haiN| cAritravaMta AtmA aMtima nau guNasthAna taka (chaThe se 14veM taka) hote haiN| sUkSma jIvAtmAoM meM mAtra eka mithyAtva gNasthAna hI hotA hai avatI- 4 guNasthAna taka hote haiN| mohanIya karma kI udIraNA dasaveM guNasthAna taka hotI hai| __ aparyApta jIvAtmA ke tIna- mithyAtva, sAsvAdana aura samyaktva guNasthAna hote haiN| sakaSAyI jIvAtmA meM dasa guNasthAnaka tathA akaSAyI AtmA meM aMtima cAra guNasthAnaka hote haiN| sAta upayoga meM chaThaveM guNasthAna se lekara 12veM guNasthAna taka samAveza hotA hai| 11. apramattasaMyata guNasthAna meM tejo,pada,ma aura zukla ye tIna zubha lezyAeM pAyI jAtI haiN| 12. kRSNalezyA meM pahale ke 6 guNasthAnaka hote haiN| 13. sabase adhika guNasthAnaka zukla lezyA meM prApta hote haiN| 14. kSAyika samyaktva meM cAra se caudaha taka kula 11guNasthAna hote haiN| 15. mAtra manuSya gati meM pUre 14 guNasthAnaka upalabdha ho sakate haiN| 16. siddhAtmAeM guNasthAnaka rahita hotI haiM 17. eka caritra meM pA~ca guNasthAnaka hote haiN| sUkSmasAmparAya guNasthAnaka meM eka sUkSmasAmparAya caritra tathA 11veM upazAnta moha se lekara 14veM taka yathAkhyAticAritra pAyA jAtA hai| 18. ina tIna guNasthAnakoM meM aMtara nahIM pdd'taa| 12veM- 13veM- 14veM | 19. sabase kama jIvAtmA 11veM guNasthAna meM sabase adhika mithyAtva guNasthAna meM hote hai| 20. 5 mArgaNA cauthe guNasthAna meM hotI haiM gire to dUsare tIsare meM aura caDhe. to 5veM 7veM meN| 21. samyaka mithyAtva( mizra) kSINakaSAya, sayogakevalI guNasthAnoM meM maraNa nahIM hotA hai| gaNasthAnoM kA kAla1. prathama guNasthAna kA kAla- jaghanya kAla- antarmahurta, utkRSTa- anAdi ananta( abhavya kI apekSA anAdi ananta, bhavya kI apekSA anAdisanta kisI vizeSa jIva kI apekSA sAdi snt)| 2- dvitIya guNasthAna kA kAla- jaghanyakAla- eka samaya, utkRSTa kAla- chaha AvalI (do samaya se chaha AvalI paryanta madhya ke sabhI viklp)|

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3- tRtIya guNasthAna kA kAla- jaghanya kAla, jaghanya antarmuhUrta utkRSTa kAla- utkRSTa antrmuhuurt| 4- caturtha guNasthAna kA kAla- utkRSTa kAla tetIsa sAgara, jaghanya kAla- antrmuhuurt| aupazamika samyaktva kI apekSA utkRSTa aura jaghanya kAla- madhyama antrmuhurt| kSayopazamika samyaktva kI apekSA- utkRSTa kAla- 66 sAgara jaghanya kAla- antrmuhurt| kSAyika samyaktva kI apekSA- utkRSTa kAla- sAdi ananta kaal| saMsArI jIva kI apekSA utkRSTa kAla- ATha varSa eka antarmuhUrta kama do koTi pUrva sahita 33 saagr| 5- paMcama guNasthAna kAla- jaghanya kAla- antarmaharta utkRSTa kAla manuSya kI apekSA- ATha ___ varSa eka antarmuhUrta kama eka pUrva koTi vrss| 6- sAtaveM se gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka (maraNa kI apekSA) utkRSTa kAla- antarmuhUrta- jaghanya kAla- eka smy| 7- bArahavAM guNasthAna kA kAla antarmuhUrta hai| 8- terahaveM guNasthAna kA kAla- utkRSTa- AThavarSa- ATha antarmuhUrta kama pUrva koTi varSa pramANa jaghanya kAla- antrmuhuurt| 9- caudahaveM guNasthAna kA kAla utkRSTa evaM jaghanya kAla- antrmuhuurt| guNasthAnoM ke saMdarbha meM kaSAyoM kI kAla maryAdA1. anantAnubaMdhI kaSAya- adhikatama jIvana paryanta rahatI hai tathA ananta saMsAra kA anubaMdha karatI hai| 2. apratyAkhyAnIya kaSAya- adhikatama 12 mAsa taka satata calatA hai| 3. pratyAkhyAnIya kaSAya- kA udaya adhikatama 4 mAsa taka satata rahatA hai| 4. saMjvalana kaSAya- adikatama 15 dinoM taka rahatA hai| 5. sva- svabhAva ko tyAga kara vibhAvadazA ko prApta karanA pramAda hai / ye pramAda 5 prakAra ke haiM- madya, viSaya, kaSAya, nidrA aura ciNtn| 6. pramattasaMyata guNasthAna meM nau kaSAya kA udaya hone se ArtadhyAna kI mukhyatA rahatI hai| ye nau kaSAya hI pramAda kA mukhya kAraNa haiN| guNasthAno meM zuddha pariNati kI sthiti1. rAga- daveSa pariNAmoM se rahita jIva ke caritra gaNa kA vItarAga bhAva rUpa pariNamana ke vItarAga pariNAma ko zuddha pariNati kahate haiN| 2. kaSAya ke anudaya se vyakta arthAt virakta vItarAga avasthA ko zuddha pariNati kahate 3. jaba taka sAdhaka AtmA kI vItarAgatA pUrNa nahIM hotI taba taka sAdhaka AtmA meM zubhopayoga, azubhopayoga aura zuddhopayoga ke sAtha kaSAya ke anudaya pUrvaka jo zuddhatA sadaiva banI rahatI hai use zuddha pariNati kahate haiN| jaise- cauthe aura pA~cave guNasthAna meM jaba sAdhaka buddhi pUrvaka zubhopayoga yA azubhopayoga meM saMlagna rahate haiM taba isa zuddha

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pariNati ke kAraNa hI ve jIva dhArmika bane rahate haiN| chaThave guNasthAnavartI zubhopayogI munirAja ke bhI zuddha pariNati niyama se rahatI hai isa zuddha pariNati ke kAraNa hI yathAyogya karmoM kA saMvara aura pUrva baddha karmoM kI nirjarA bhI nirantara banI rahatI hai| 4. cauthe- avirata samyaktva guNasthAna meM mithyAtva aura anaMtAnubaMdhI kaSAya caukaDI ke anudaya rUpa abhAva pUrvaka vyakta vItarAgatA se jaghanya zuddha pariNati satata banI rahatI hai isI kAraNa yuddhAdi azubhopayoga meM saMlagna zrAvaka ko bhI yathAyogya saMvara nirjarA hotI hai| 5. pA~cave dezavirata guNasthAna meM anaMtAnubaMdhI aura apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa ina do kaSAya caukaDI ke anudaya rUpa abhAva vyakta vizeSa vItarAgatA ke kAraNa madhyama suddha pariNati satata banI rahatI hai isalie dukAna- makAnAdi athavA ghara ke sadasyoM kI vyavasthA rUpa azubhopayoga ke samaya vitAte hue vratI zrAvaka ko bhI yathAyogya saMvara- nirjarA hote haiN| 6. chaThaveM pramattavirata guNasthAna meM anaMtAnubaMdhI Adi tIna kaSAya caukaDI ke anudaya rUpa abhAva se vyakta vItarAgatA ke kAraNa utpanna zuddha pariNati zubhopayoga ke sAtha sadA banI rahatI hai isI kAraNa apramattavirata munirAja ke samAna hI pramattavirata munirAja bhI bhAvaliMgI saMta nahI haiN| 7. sAtaveM apramattavirata guNasthAna se lekara navame anivRttikaraNa guNasthAna paryanta ke sabhI bhAvaliMgI munirAjoM ko tIna kaSAya caukaDI (yathAsaMbhava saMjvalana kaSAya evaM naukaSAya) ke anudaya evaM abhAva se vyakta vItarAgatA rUpa zuddhopayoga sadA banA rahatA hai jaba taka sAdhaka ko zubha yA azubha rUpa upayoga rahatA hai taba vyakta zuddhatA labdharUpa rahatI hai use hI zuddha pariNati kahate haiN| jaba upayoga nija zuddhAtmA meM lIna ho jAtA hai taba vahI vyakta zuddhatA vItarAgatA vRddhigata ho jAtI hai use zuddhopayoga kahate haiN| vyApAra rUpa zuddhatA zuddhopayoga kahalAtA hai aura labdha rUpa zuddhatA zuddhapariNati kahalAtI hai| 8. dasaveM sUkSmasAmparAya guNasthAna meM tIna kaSAya caukaDI aura saMjvalana, krodha, mAna, mAyA kaSAyoM evaM nau kaSAyoM ke upazama yA kSaya rUpa abhAva se utpanna vItarAgatA saMjvalana sUkSma lobha kaSAya karma ke udaya kAla meM eka antarmuhurta paryanta zuddhopayoga rUpa rahatI hai| 9. gyArahaveM upazAntamoha guNasthAna ko chor3akara Age ke kSINa moha Adi tIna guNasthAnoM meM evaM siddha avasthA meM bhI vItarAgatA kI pUrNatA ho pAyI hai ataH ina sthAnoM meM bhI upayoga evaM pariNati aisA bheda nahIM rahatA ( muni bhUmikA kI zaddhapariNati viSayaka spaSTIkaraNa hotA hai|)

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guNasthAnoM meM dhyAna kI mandatA va tIvratA dhyAna avirata, dezavirata, pramattasaMyata ina tIna guNasthAna kI avasthAoM meM dhyAna kI sthiti nimnavat rahatI hai ArtadhyAna kA sadabhAva tInoM avasthAo meM rahatA hai| raudra dhyAna = avirata va dezavirata avasthA meM hotA hai| dharma dhyAna = apramatta saMyata ko upazAnta kaSAya va kSINa kaSAya kI avasthA meM hotA hai| zukla dhyAna = upazAntaM kaSAya (upazAnta moha), kSINa kaSAya (kSINa moha) kI sthitiyoM meM hotA hai| = Arta raudra bhavedatra, mandaM dharmya tu madhyamam / SaTa karma pratimA zrAddha vrata pAlama saMbhavam / / Arta-raudra dhyAna kI mandatA, zrAvaka ke SaTakarma, gyAraha pratimA aura bAraha vrata ina vratoM kA pAlana karane vAlA vratI madhyama zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| (3T) ArtadhyAna sva pIr3A janya dhyAna ArtadhyAna hai| ye cAra prakAra kA hai. aniSTa saMyoga isase satata Akula vyAkula rahanA iSTa viyoga- isake calate duHkha vilApa Adi karanA vedanA asAtAvedanIya janita zArIrika roga kI satata cintA (ba) (da) (3T) / nidAna paudagalika sukha kI lAlasA se nidAna kara lenA yathA pUjAdi se mujhe amuka Rddhi prApta ho aisI kAmanA yukta dhyAna karanA / raudra dhyAna- AtmA ke atyanta krUra aura kiliSTa pariNAma honA raudra dhyAna kA lakSa kahA gayA hai| isake bhI cAra bheda haiM hiMsAnubaMdhI yathA- vaha mara jAya to meM caina se baiThUM aisA satata krUra cintana mRSAnubaMdhI kisI ko Thagane yA nAza hetu bhayaMkara jhUTha bolanA steyAnubaMdhI - corI ke anekAneka prayAsoM kA satata cintana saMrakSaNAnubaMdhI parigraha kI surakSA saMrakSaNa sambandhI satata ciMtA noTa- dezavratI ke Arta aura raudra daunoM dhyAna ho sakate haiM kintu sAtha hI dharma dhyAna kI upasthiti amuka/AMzika pramANa meM rahatI hai| (sa) dharma dhyAna- dharma ke viSaya meM zubha ciMtana hI dharma dhyAna kahalAtA hai| isake bhI cAra bheda haiMAjJA vicaya vItarAga paramAtmA kI kyA AjJA hai? isakA vicAra / apAya vicaya- kisa karma kA kyA phala / durgati hai? kA vicAra karanA / vipAka vicaya- sukha duHkha svakRta karma kA phala hai dusare to nimitta mAtra haiM aisA satata ciMtana karanA saMsthAna vicaya caudaha rAja loka kA kyA svarUpa hai- loka svarUpa kA citaMna karanA sAmanyatayA zubha dhyAna do prakAra ke hote haiM zubha dhyAna vyavahAralaya Azrita 62

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AtmA yA nirAlaMbana dhyAna ko chor3akara sthAna, varNa, artha Alambana ke yoga kA Azraya karake jo dhyAna kiyA jAtA hai vaha vyavahAranaya Azrita hai| isake upabheda isa prakAra kie gaye haiM-sthAna yoga- arthAt yogya mudrA sviikaary| dhyAna kI ekAgratA ke lie yogya Asana anivArya hai(vIrAsana, padmAsana va pryNkaasn)| chadmastha dazA meM pratyeka zubha anuSThAna dhyAna svarUpa hai| isa anuSThAna meM yogya mudrA kA pAlana sthAna yoga hai| -varNa yoga- sUtra kA zuddha uccAraNa karanA bhI eka dhyAna hai| -artha yoga- sUtra uccAraNa ke samaya usake artha meM upayoga rakhanA artha upayoga hai| -AlaMbana yoga- jina bimba Adi zubha padArthoM meM mana ko sthira rakhanA Alambana yoga hai| (A) nizcayanaya AzritaAtmA ke dvArA AtmA kA dhyAna vAstavika dhyAna hai| AtmA hI jJAna darzana aura cAritra svarUpa hai aisA zraddhAyukta dhyAna samyagdarzana jJAna va cAritra kI prApti meM sahAyaka hai tathA karma mukti kA baMdhana hai| isa prakAra nizcayanaya se hI AtmA kA kartA hai, dhyAna kA karma, karaNa, sampradAna, apAdAna aura adhikaraNa bhii| Atma dhyAna se hI karmoM kI nirjarA saMbhava hai bAhya AcAra pAlana se nahIM. aisI dRr3ha mAnyatA para calakara AtmA paramAtmA svarUpa banatI hai| paM. daulatarAmajI chahaDhAlA meM kahate haiM ki jahA~ dhyAna dhyAtA dhyeya ko na vikalpa baca bhedana jahA~, cida bhAva karma cidesa kartA cetanA kriyA thaaN|| jJAnasAra meM pU. upAdhyAyajI ne kahA hai dhyAtA dhyeyaM tathA dhyAnaM, trayaM yaskaikatAM gtm| munerananya- cittasya, tasya duHkhaM na vidyte|| dhyAna meM gaNasthAna-eka dhyAna meM aMtima ATha guNasthAna hote haiM -do dhyAna meM kula cAra guNasthAna hote haiM prathama ke tIna aura chtthaa| - tIna dhyAna meM kula do guNasthAna hote haiM -cautha- pA~cavA - ArtadhyAna meM prathama 6guNasthAnaka hote haiM tathA raudra dhyAna meM prathama ke paaNc| - zukladhyAna apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna se prArambha hotA hai| pRthakatva vitarka savicAra'- Adya zukladhyAna hai| pRthakatva =anekatA vitarka-zruta kI ciMtA, vicAra= eka ciMtana se dUsare ciMtana para gamana krnaa| kSapaka zreNI para ArUr3ha dasaveM gaNasthAna ko pAra kara 12veM guNasthAna ko prApta karane vAlI vItarAga, mahAyatI aura kSINamohI banI AtmA pUrva kI taraha bhAva yukta hokara dUsare zukladhyAna kA Azraya letI hai| 63

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gaNasthAna siddhAnta para samIkSAtmaka vicAra pahale se sAtaveM guNasthAna taka niyati kI pradhAnatA pratIta hotI hai jabaki AThaveM se caudaha guNasthAna taka kI siddhi puruSArtha pradhAnya hai| prathama sAta guNasthAna zreNiyoM meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM saMyoga kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai kyoMki isameM AtmAma kA svayaM kA prayAsa atialpa hotA hai| apUrvakaraNa kI prakriyA ke dvArA AtmAma aMtima sAta guNasthAnoM meM karmoM para zAsana karane lagatI hai jo vAstava meM Atma kA anAtma para adhikAra hai| dRSTAnta se spaSTatA- kalpanA kareM ki kisI upaniveza ko videzI jAti ne gulAma banA liyA hai| to yaha prathama guNasthAna kI bhA~ti hai. parAdhInatA meM hI zAsaka-varga dvArA pradatta suvidhA kA lAbha uTAkara janatA meM svataMtratA kI cetanA kA udaya honA caturtha guNasthAna hai| bAda meM janatA dvArA kucha adhikAroM kI mA~ga kA prastuta kiyA jAnA aura prayAsoM tathA paristhiti ke AdhAra para kucha mA~goM kI svIkRti pA~cavAM guNasthAna hai| isakI saphalatA se prerita janatA aupanivezaka svarAjya kI prApti kA prayAsa karatI hai aura avukUla saMyoga hone para yaha mA~ga svIkRta bhI ho jAtI hai yaha chaThA guNasthAna hai| aupanivezaka svarAjya kI isa avasthA meM janatA pUrNa svarAjya kA prayAsa karatI hai, sajaga hokara apanI zakti saMcaya karatI hai yaha sAtavAM guNasthAna hai| Age vaha pUrNa svataMtratA kA udghoSa karatI huI una saba videziyoM se saMgharSa Arambha kara detI hai| saMgharSa kI Arambhika sthiti meM yadyapi zakti sImita aura zatru vikarIla hotA hai phira bhI apane sAhasa aura zaurya se vaha use parAsta kara detI hai yaha guNasthAna hai| navAM guNasthAna vaisA hI hai jaisA yuddha ke bAda Antarika vyavasthA ko sudhAranA aura chipe hue zatruoM kA unmUlana krnaa| isake bAda kI avasthAoM meM yadi ati alpakSatikAraka ghaTakoM ko samApta kara ghAtiyA zatruoM kA vinAza kara diyA jAya yA unheM zamita kara diyA jAya to 10 se 12veM guNasthAna taka kI avasthA spaSTa ho jAtI hai| tatpazcAta rakhI jAtI hai sva vikAsa kI sudRr3ha buniyAda jo 13vAM guNasthAna hai evaM kevala yA paramAnanda kA dyotaka hai| aba basa aghAtiyA karmoM ke kAlAtIta hote hI isa buniyAda para mokSa mahalarUpI bhavya-bulanda imArata khar3I hone vAlI hai jisameM hamezA ke lie avinAzI akSaya AtmA avasthita hogaa| yaha 14veM aMtima guNasthAna kI sthiti hai|

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adhyAya -3 gaNasthAna evaM mArgaNAeM mArgaNAeM guNasthAna abhigama kA abhiganna aMga hai| inakA adhyayana guNasthAna ko samajhane hetu Avazyaka hai| SaTkhaNDAgama meM kahA gayA haijAhi va jAsu va jIvA maNijjate jahA tahA diTThA / tAo caudasa jANe suvaNANe mammaNA hoti||4|| SaTkhaNDAgama 11112 pR. 132 naya zabdoM meM jina-jina apekSAoM se jIva kI vibhinna avasthAoM yA paryAyoM kA adhyayana kiyA jAtA hai unheM mArgaNA kahA jAtA hai| isake mAdhyama se jIva apanI abhivyakti karatA hai| anya zabdoM meM jIva kI zArIrika,endrika mAnasika evaM AdhyAtmika abhivyaktiyoM ke mArgoM ko hI mAggaNA yA mArgaNA kahe jA sakate haiN| jIvasamAsa (zvetAmbara), SaTakhaNaDAgama(yApanIya) gaummaTasAra(digambara), darzanasAra va dhavalATIkA Adi meM inakA ullekha milatA hai| mArgaNA gaveSaNA aura anveSaNa ye tInoM zabda ekArthavAcI haiN| vyutpatti kI dRSTi se mArgaNA ke cAra artha haiM- mRgayitA, mRgya, mArgaNA aura maargnnopy| caudaha guNasthAnoM se yukta jIva mRgya arthAta anveSaNa karane yogya hai| mRgya pada se sUcita hotA hai ki mArgaNA bhI caudaha guNasthAnoM kI dyotaka haiN| sat saMkhyA Adi anuyoga dvAroM se yukta caudaha jIvasamAsa jisake dvArA yA jisameM khoje jAte haiM use mArgaNA kahate haiN| jIvasamAsa guNI aura guNasthAna guNa hai guNa ko chor3akara guNI aura guNI ko chor3akara guNa nahIM rahate, guNiyoM meM guNoM kA upacAra karake guNI ko bhI guNa kaha diyA jAtA hai (guNiSuH guNopacAraH) ataH jIvasamAsa ko guNasthAna bhI kahate haiN| mArgaNA ko bhI guNasthAna kahate haiM vastutaH ye guNasthAnaka avasthAoM ke ArohaNa ke mArga mAne jA sakate haiN| jisa prakAra jIvAdi sapta tattva va SaTa dravya guNa sthAnaka viSayavastu se sambandha rakhate haiM vahI sarokAra guNasthAna se mArgaNAoM kA hai| jaina darzana meM jina caudaha mArgaNAoM kA ullekha milatA hai ve isa prakAra haiM gai indiyaM ca kAe joe vee kasAya NANe ya / saMjama daMsaNa lessA bhava samme sanni AhAre || 6 || jiivsmaas|| gai indiyaM ca kAe joe vee kasAya NANe ya / saMjama daMsaNa lessA bhaviyA sammata saNNi AhAre || 57 || pnycsNgrh|| gati, indriya kAya.yoga,veda.kaSAya,jJAna.saMjama.darzana.lezyA,bhavyatva,samyaktva, saMjJA tathA AhA ye 14 jIva mArgaNAeM haiN| (1) gati mArgaNA suranAraesu cauro jIvasamAsA u paMca tiriesu| maNuyagaIe caudasa micchadihI apjjttaa|| jIvasamAsa 65

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deva tathA nAraka meM cAra, triyaMca meM pA~ca manuSya meM caudaha tathA aparyApta jIvoM meM mAtra mithyAdRSTi nAmaka eka jIva samAsa ( guNasthAna) hotA hai| gati ke cAra prakAra haiM (a) deva aura naraka gati - yahA~ mithyAdRSTi se lekara caturtha samyagdRSTi guNasthAna taka pAyA jAtA hai| (ba) tiryaJca gati- mithyAdRSTi se lekara paMcama dezavirata guNasthAna taka avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna saMjJI paMcendriya tiryaJca meM hI saMbhava hai| (sa) manuSya gati- isameM caudaha guNasthAna saMbhava haiN| (2) indriya mArgaNA egiMdiyA ya vAyarasuhumA pajjattayA apjjttaa| viyattiyacauriMdiya duvihabheya pajjatta iyareya / / 23 / / paMcidiyA asaNNI saNNI pajjattayA apjjttaa| paMcidiesa cauddasa micchaddiTThI bhave sesA ||24|| jIvasamAsa ekandriya ke bAdara, sUkSma, paryApta tathA aparyApta ye 4 bheda haiN| dvi, tri va caturindriya tInoM ke paryApta - aparyApta aise 6 bheda haiN| paMcendiya jIvoM ke saMjJI asaMjJI, paryApta - aparyApta aise 4 bheda haiN| jIva trasa nAma karma ke udaya se eka indriya se lekara paMcendriyoM meM sainI - asainI utpanna hotA hai| eka se caturendriya jAvoM ke mAtra eka mithyAtva guNasthAna hotA hai jabaki paMcendriya ke mithyAtva se ayoga kevalI taka 14 guNasthAna hote haiN| ekendriya jIva - sUkSma - aparyApta, sUkSma paryApta, bAdara aparyApta aura bAdara paryApta (4) dvi indriya jIva - paryApta, aparyApta (2) (3T) (ba) (sa) (da) 3 (122) tri indriya jIva- paryApta, aparyApta (2) caturindriya jIva- paryApta, aparyApta (2) saMjJI paryApta,saMjJI aparyApta, asaMjJI paryApta, asaMjJI aparyApta (4) kula = 14 eka se caturindriya jIvoM ke mAtra eka mithyAtva guNasthAna hotA hai jabaki paMcendriya ke mithyAtva se ayoga kevalI taka 14 guNasthAna hote haiN| indriya kI apekSA se jIva ke ye kula = 14 bheda yA 14 bhUta grAma kahe gaye haiN| aparyApta jIvoM ke do bheda haiM (ka) labdhi aparyApta- ve jIva haiM jo aparyApta nAma karma ke udaya se svayogya prAptiyoM ko pUrNataH prApta kie binA hI mara jAte haiN| karaNa aparyApta- jo jIva haiM jinake aparyApta nAma karma kA udaya jo yA na ho phira bhI zarIrAdi indriyoM ko apane karaNa se prApta nahIM kara lete taba taka aparyApta hI kahe jAte haiN| paryAptiyoM ke 6 prakAra kahe gaye haiM- AhAra zarIra indriya zvAsocchavAsa bhASA va manaH pryaapti| AhArasarIriMdiyapajjattI ANapANa bhAsamaNe / cattAri paMca egiMdiyavigalasaNNINaM || 25 || jIvasamAsa / 66

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(3) kAya mArgaNA paDhavidagaagiNamAruya sAhAraNakAiyA cauddhA u| patteya tasA duvihA coddasa tasa sesiyA micchaa||26|| jIvasamAsa vIkAya, jalakAya, agnikAya, vAyakAya, aura vanaspatikAya ina pA~ca sthAvara kAya meM mithyAtva guNasthAna pAyA jAtA hai| trasakAya jAvoM meM 14 guNasthAnoM kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| (a) pRthvI-isake bhedoM ko nimnavat rUpa se samajhA jA sakatA hai- pRthvIkAya - jisase jIva nikala gayA, pRthvIkAyika - jisameM jIva vidyamAna ho tathA pRthvIjIva- jo jIva vigraha gati se AtA hai aura pRthvI meM utpanna hotA hai| (A) jala- jalakAya- jisase jIva nikala gayA. jalakayika- jisameM jIva vidayamAna ho. jalajIva- vigraha gati se Akara jala meM utpanna honaa| isI prakAra agni aura vAya kA vizleSaNa hai| (4) yoga margaNA sacce mIse mose asaccamose maNe ya vAyA y| orAliyaveDa aahaarymisskmmie||55|| jIvasamAsa mana vacana kAya ke nimitta yA jIva pradezoM ke saMyoga se AtmA ke jo vIrya vizeSa utpanna hotA hai use yoga kahA jAtA hai| tIna yoga meM 13 guNasthAna hote haiM ayogI kevalI guNasthAna meM yoga abhAva hotA hai| yoga ke 15 bheda haiN| mana yoga- satya manoyoga, asatya manoyoga, satyamRSA manoyoga tathA asatyamRSA manoyoga (4) ye mana yoga ke bheda haiN| vacana yoga- satya vacana, asatya vacana,satyamRSA vacanayoga, asatyamRSA vacanayoga(4), ye vacana yoga ke bheda haiN| kAya yoga- audArika zarIra,audArIka mizrazarIra, vaikriyazarIra, vaikriya mizrazarIra tathA taijasakarmANa zarIra kAyayoga (7) ye kAya yoga ke bheda haiN| isa prakAra yoga ke kula = 15 haiN| uparyukta 15 meM se satya manoyoga, satya vacana yoga, asatya-amRSA manoyoga aura asatya-amRSA vacana yoga ye 4 mithyAdRSTi se sayoga kevalI taka ke ho sakate haiM tathA zeSa 4 asatya manoyoga, asatya vacana yoga, satyAsatya yA mizra manoyoga evaM mizra vacanayoga saMjJI prANI meM mithyAdRSTi se kSINamoha gaNasthAna taka saMbhava hai| asaMjJI vikalendriya jIvoM ke mAtra asatya-amaSA rUpa aMtima manoyoga evaM vacana yoga hI hotA hai| chaThaveM guNasthAna meM jaba sAdhu AhAraka zarIra ko utpanna hotA hai usa samaya Ayu zeSa rahane se yA maraNa hone se usakA audArika zarIra se sarvadA sambandha nahIM chUTa jAtA | dhavalA gAthA 164-165 meM spaSTa kiyA gayA hai chaThaveM guNasthAnavartI muni apane ko saMdeha hone para jisa zarIra ke dvArA kevalI ke pAsa jAkara sUkSma padArthoM kA AhAraNa karatA hai, use AhAraka zarIra yA AhAraka yoga kahate haiM jo nAma karma se utpanna hotA hai| inake zarIrakrama meM guNasthAnaka bhedAbheda nimna rUpa se kiye gaye haiM

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deva aura nArakI- deva aura nArakI vaikriya zarIra vAle hote haiN| prathama se caturtha guNasthAna takavaikriya, vaikriyamizra aura taijasa kArmANa zarIra vAle hote haiN| manuSya aura tiryaJca- manuSya aura tiryaJca- vaikriya aura audArika zarIra vAle hote haiN| manuSya mithyAdRSTi se sayoga kevalI guNasthAna taka audArika va vaikriya zarIra vAle hote haiN| tiryaJcamithyAdRSTi se dezavirata guNasthAna taka audArika zarIra vAle hote haiN| manuSyoM meM apramattasaMyata guNasthAna evaM usase Age kI avasthA meM vaikriya kAyayoga saMbhava nahIM hai| sabhI prakAra ke aparyApta jIva- mizra zarIra vAle hote haiN| manuSyoM meM apramattasaMyata gaNasthAna evaM usase Age kI avasthA meM vaikriya kAyayoga saMbhava nahIM / pramattasaMyata 14 pUrvo ke jJAtA muniyoM meM AhAraka kAyayoga kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai aparyApta avasthA meM mizra guNasthAna nahIM hotA- vaikriya kAyayoga saMbhava hai| mizra guNasthAna meM mRtyu yoga na hone se taijasa kArmANa zarIra nahIM hotA yaha kAyayoga mithyAdRSTi, sAsvAdana, avirata samyagdRSTi tathA kevalI samudghAta karate samaya sayoga kevalI meM saMbhava hai| (5) veda mArgaNAneraiyA ya napuMsA tirikkhamaNuyA tiveyayA huNti| devA ya itthipurisA gevijjAI purisaveyA / / 59 / / jIvasamAsa jaina darzana meM tIna veda kA artha- strI, puruSa evaM napuMsaka veda evaM tatsambandhI kAmavAsanA se liyA gayA hai| strIveda- arthAt jaise pitta se mayadura padArtha kI ruci usI prakAra jisa karma ke udaya se strI ko puruSa ke sAtha ramane kI icchA hotI hai| puruSaveda- arthAt jaise kapha jaise khaTTe padArthoM meM ruci hotI hai usI prakAra puruSa ko strI ke sAtha ramane kI icchA hotI hai| napuMsakaveda- arthAt jaise pitta kapha ke prabhAva se madya ke prati ruci hotI hai usI prakAra napusaMka ko strI-puruSa donoM ke sAtha ramane kI icchA hotI hai| (saMdarbha-abhidAna rAjendrakoza bhAga-6 pRSTha 1427, bRhadakalpa, uddezaka 4 , karmagraMtha 1/22) sammUHna jIva vikalatraya napuMsaka jo DhAI dvIpa meM hI hote haiM napuMsaka manuSya gati meM bhI mokSa prApta nahIM kara sktaa| yadi vaha dravya se puruSa va bhAva se napusaMka ho to mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai| uttama saMhanana kA abhAva hone se strI mokSa prApta nahIM kara sktii| guNasthAna evaM veda mArgaNA ke pArasparika sambandhoM ko isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai - gati ke krama meM - nArakI jIvoM ke - napuMsaka veda (liMga) deva paryAya meM - strI evaM puruSa veda manuSya va tiryaJcoM meM - tInoM hI veda guNasthAna kI dRSTi se- digambara paramparA meM sAtaveM guNasthAna se Age mAtra puruSa hI ArohaNa kara sakate haiN| (isa bahu pracalita vidhAna kA khaNDana digambara paramparA ke grantha umAsvAmi kRta tattvArthasUtra adhyAya dasa ke naveM sUtra se hotA hai jisameM kahA gayA hai ki aliMga se hI siddha hote haiM yA dravya pulliMga se hI siddha hote haiM tathA bhAva liMga kI apekSA se tInoM liMgoM 68

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se bhI siddha ho sakate haiN)| zvetAmbara paramparA yaha mAnatI hai ki dasaveM se caudahaveM guNasthAna taka samasta kAma vAsanAeM samApta ho jAne se tInoM hI liMgadhArI mokSa jA sakate haiN| mithyAtva guNasthAna se lekara anivRtti vAdara sAmparAya nAmaka navameM guNasthAna taka tInoM kAma vAsanAoM (veda) ke prAkaTya kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| mithyAtva guNasthAna se lekara anivRtti bAdarasamparAya nAmaka 9veM guNasthAna taka tInoM kAmavAsanAoM (veda) ke prAkaTya kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai tathA avediyoM meM anivRtti se lekara ayogIkevalI taka 6 guNasthAna pAye jAte haiN| (6) kaSAya mArgaNA aniyahanta napuMsA sannIpaMcidiyA ya thI purisaa| koho mANo mAyA niyaTTi lobho sraagto||60|| jIvasamAsa kaSAya ke kula 25 bheda haiM- tIvratAkrama kI 4 zreNiyoM ( anantAnubandhI, apratyAkhyAna, pratyAkhyAna evaM saMjvalana) ke kaSAya catuSka( krodha,mAna, mAyA,lobha) ke 16 bheda tathA hAsya, rati, zoka, bhaya, jugupsA, tIna veda(strI, puruSa,napusaMka) sambandhI kAmavAsanIya vikAra aadi| guNasthAna evaM kaSAya sambandhI vidhAnoM ko nimnavat rUpa se spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA haiudaya kI dRSTi se- prathama- mithyAdRSTi jIva ke- 25 kaSAyoM kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| caturthasamyagdRSTi jIva ke- 21 kaSAyoM kI sambhAvanA (anantAnubandhI 4 kaSAyoM kA abhAva) rahatI hai| paMcama- dezavirata samyagdRSTi jIva ke - 17 kaSAyoM kI saMmbhAvanA (anantAnabandhI evaM apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya catuSka(8) kA abhAva) rahatI hai| pramattasaMyata guNasthAnadhArI ke- 13 kaSAyoM kI saMbhAvanA ( uparyukta ke atikikta pratyAkhyAnI kaSAya catuSka (12) kA abhAva) rahatI hai|nvmeN guNasthAnadhArI ke- 7 kaSAyoM kI sambhAvanA (saMjvalana+ vedatrika) rahatI hai| dasaveM guNasthAnadhArI ke- 1 (saMjvalana lobha zeSa rahatA hai) kaSAya kI hI atyalpa rUpa meM saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| dasaveM guNasthAna se Upara kaSAya mArgaNA kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| saMjI paMcenadriya jIvoM meM anivRtti bAdara samparAya nAmaka guNasthAna taka tIno veda va krodha mAna mAyA ye tIna kaSAya dote haiN| sUkSma lobha 10veM guNasthAna taka hI rahatA hai| krodha mAna mAyA va lobhayukta jIva kaSAyI hote haiN| arthAt prathama 10veM guNasthAna taka kaSAya rahate haiM tathA 11veM se 14veM guNasthAna taka jIva akaSAyI ho jAte haiN| (7) jJAna mArgaNA AbhiNisuohimaNakevalaM ca nANaM tu hoi pNcvihN| uggaha Iha avAya dhAraNA bhiNivohiyaM cahA ||69 / / jIvasamAsa AbhinabodhikajJAna (matijJAna) zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, manaHparyayajJAna aura kevalajJAna- ye pA~ca prakAra ke jJAna haiN| abhinabodhika jJAna yA matijJAna bhI cAra prakAra kA hai avgrheyaavaaydhaarnnaa||t. sU. adhyAya-1||

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avagraha, IhA, avAya aura dhaarnnaa| tattvArtha meM ruci, nizcaya aura cAritra kA dhAraNa karanA jJAna kA kArya hai| jJAna arthAt jaannaa| jJAna ke do prakAra haiM - pratyakSa aura parokSa | mati, zruti, avadhi, manaH paryaya evaM kevalajJAna ye jJAna ke pA~ca bhedoM meM se prathama do parokSa va aMtima tIna pratyakSa jJAna haiN| mati ajJAna, zruti ajJAna evaM vibhaMga jJAna ina tIna jJAnoM kI sattA mithyAdRSTi va sAsvAdana guNasthAna meM rahatI hai| tRtIya mizra guNasthAna meM ina tInoM kA samuccaya dekhane ko milatA hai| samyaktva guNasthAna se kSINamoha guNasthAna taka mati, zruti va avadhi tInoM kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| pramattasaMyata guNasthAna se kSINamoha guNasthAna taka mati, zruti, avadhi va manaH paryaya ina 4 kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| sayoga kevalI va ayoga kevalI ke sirpha kevalajJAna hotA hai| manaH paryaya jJAna manaSyoM meM samyakadRSTi chaThe guNasthAnavartI muniyoM ke hI hotA hai| isake do bheda haiM- RjumatI va vipulmtii| vipulamatI jJAna kevalajJAna hone taka nahIM chuutttaa| kevalajJAna ke bAda mati zruti Adi koI bheda nahIM raha jaataa| bhAgyAnukUla hone para, kAlAbdhi milane para sAgara rUpI saMsAra kA taTa pAsa meM A jAne para tathA bhavtva bhAva paka jAne para jIva ko samyaktva hotA hai| (8) saMyama mArgaNA ajayA avirayasammA dese virayA ya huNtishaanne| sAmAiyacheyaparihArasuhumaahakkhAiNo viryaa||66||jiivsmaas sAmAyika, chedopasthApanIya, parihAvizuddhi ,sUkSmasAmparAya aura yathAkhyAti(5) ye saMyama arthAt cAritra ke bheda kahe gaye haiN| cAritra vikAsa kI ye pramukha avasthAeM haiM- avirata samyaktva nAmaka caturtha guNasthAna taka samyakacAritra nahIM hotA hai| - prathama se samyagdRSTi guNasthAna taka- cAritra kA abhAva hotA hai| - dezavirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna taka- AziMka samyagcAritra sadabhAva kI pariNati hotI haiN| - pramattasaMyata se anivRtti bAdara guNasthAna taka- samAyika aura chedopasthApanIya cAritra pAyA jAtA hai| - apramattasaMyata guNasthAna meM hI- parihAra vizuddhi cAritra hotA hai| - sUkSmasAMmparAya guNasthAna meM hI- sUkSmasAmparAya cAritra hotA hai| tathA upazAntamoha, kSINamoha, sayogakevalI, ayogakevalI meM- yathAkhyAta cAritra saMbhava hai| - dezavirati cAritra pA~caveM guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai| sAra rUpa meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki pramattasaMyata se ayogakevalI guNasthAna taka saMyata jIva hote haiN| sAmAyikasaMyata aura chedopasthApanIyasaMyata jIva pramattasaMyata se lekara anivattibAdarasamparAya taka pAye jAte haiN| parihAra vizuddhi cAritra vAle jIva apramattasamamatta guNasthAna meM hote hote haiN| sUkSmasamparAya cAritra vAle jIva mAtra sUkSmasamparAya guNasthAna meM hote haiN| yathAkhyAta cAritra vAle saMyatajIva upazAnta kaSAya guNasthAna se lekara ayogakevalI guNasthAna taka hote haiN| saMyatAsaMyata jIva mAtra dezavirata guNasthAna meM hote haiN| asaMyata jIva prArambha ke 4 guNasthAna meM hote haiN| 70

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(9) darzana mArgaNA cariMduyAi chaumeM cakkhu acakkhU ya savva chumtthe| samme ya ohidaMsI kevaladaMsI sanAme y||69|| jIvasamAsa cakSu, acakSu, avadhi evaM kevala darzana ye cAra bheda darzana mArgaNA ke haiN| guNasthAna zreNI va darzana mArgaNA kI upasthiti sambandhI vidhAna isa prakAra hai- mithyAdRSTi se kSINa moha gaNasthAna taka (1 se 12)- cakSa -acakSa (2) darzana saMbhava haiN| - avirata samyagdRSTi se kSINa moha guNasthAna taka (4 se 12) avadhi darzana saMbhava hai| - sayoga aura ayoga kevalI guNasthAna meM hI (13 se 14) kevala darzana saMbhava hotA hai| ckssurnidriyaabhyaam|| ta. sU. a-1|| cakSu darzana upayoga vAle jIva caturendriya se lekara kSINa kaSAya vItarAga chadmastha vItarAga guNasthAna taka hote haiN| acakSu darzana chadmasthadhAriyoM ko hotA hai kintu caturindriya lekara chadmastha avasthA taka ke praNiyoM ko cakSu darzana hI hotA hai| samyagdRSTi meM avadhi darzana tathA kevalI meM kevala darzana hotA hai| (10) lezyA mArgaNAguNasthAnoM kI utpatti mohanIya karma (kaSAya) aura yoga ke balAbala ke anusAra hotI hai| kaSAya ke udaya se anuraMjita yogoM kI pravRtti ko lezyA kahate haiN| "karmaskandhairAtmAnaM nimpatIti lezyA" arthAt jo karma skandhoM se AtmA ko lipta karatI hai ise lezyA kahate lippai appIkIraI eyAe (evIe) Niya appuNa puNNaM ca / jIvotti hovi lessA lessAgaNa jANa yakkhAdA || 2 || SaTakhaNDAgama jisake dvArA jIva apane ko puNya- pApa se lipta kare athavA unako apane sAtha ekarUpa kare (AtmI krIyate), use lezyA kahate haiN| isI krama meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki kaSAya kA udaya cha prakAra kA hotA hai- tIvratama, tIvratara, tIvra, manda, mandatara aura mndtm| paripATIkrama meM lezyAeM bhI chaH ho jAtI haiM- kRSNa, nIla, kapota, teja yA pIta, padma aura shukl| kiNhA nIlA kAU avirayasammaMtasaMjayaMta pr| taU pamhA saNNappamAyasukkA sjogtaa||70||jiivsmaas caMDo Na muyadi veraM bhaMDaNa-sIloya dhamma datha rhiyo| duhro Na ya edi vasaM lakkhaNabhedaM tu kiShassa || 200|| dhavalAsAra ___ maMdo buddhi vihINo NiviNNANI ya visapa loloy| mANI mAyI ya tahA Alasso ceya bhejjo ya || 201|| dhavalAsAra kRSNa, nIla, kApota aura tejo (pIta) padma tathA zukla ina chaH lezyaoM meM prathama tIna - mithyAdRSTi se samyagdRSTi guNasthAna taka saMbhava haiN| aura aMtima tIna lezyAoM meM se mithyAdRSTi se apramatta guNasthAna taka- tejo aura padma lezyA kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai tathA

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tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ke calate mithyAdRSTi se sayogakevalI taka zukla lezyA saMbhava hai| isase Age jIva lezyA rahita hai| SaTlezyA ina chaH lezyAoM meM tAratamyatA dikhalAne ke lie prasiddha udAharaNa hai- chaH puruSa jAmuna khAne cle| phaloM se lade jAmuna kA vRkSa dekhakara unameM se eka kahatA hai ki lo bhAI yaha rahA jAmuna kA per3a calo ise dharAzAhI kara de aura mana cAhe phala khaaeN| dUsare ne kahA ki vRkSa ko kATane se kyA lAbha ? calo isakI moTI moTI zAkhAeM hI kATa lete haiN| tIsarA bolA zAkhAoM ko kATane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai ? TahaniyAM hI kATa lenA kAphI hogaa| cauthe ne kahA ki phaloM ke gucche hI tor3a lo| pA~cavA bolA hameM to jAmuna hI cAhie to vahI kyoM na tor3a leN| chaThe kA mata thA ki mujhe to tuma logoM kI bAta nahIM jacI jaba hameM pake phala hI cAhie to nIce gire hue hI phala kyoM na bIna ke khAleM ? ina cha: lezyAoM ke pariNamana ko ukta udAharaNa bhalIbhA~ti spaSTa karatA hai| prathama tIna kRSNa nIla kapota hai jinameM kiliSTa pariNAmoM kI tIvratA kama ho jAtI hai arthAt vinAza kA prabhAva kucha kama hotA jAtA hai| aMtima tIna pIta padma aura zukla lezyAeM haiM jo uttarottara bhAvoM kI utkRSTatA arthAt pariNAmoM kI nirmalatA prakaTa karatI haiN| narakoM meM lezyA kAU kAU taha kAUnIla nIlA ya nIlakiNhA ya / kiNhA ya paramakiNhA lesA rayaNappabhAiNaM || 72 || jiivsmaas|| kAU kAU taha kAU -NIla NIlA ya NIla-kiNhA ya / 72

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(ba) kiNhA ya paramakiNhA lesA rayaNAdi puDhavIsu / / 185 | paJcasaMgraha / / / / devoM meM lezyA - teU teU taha teU pamha pamhA ya pamhasukkA ya / sukkA ya paramasukkA sakkAdivimANavAsINaM 1173 || jIvasamAsa / / teU teU vaha teU-pamha pammA ya pamma sukkA ya / sukkA ya paramasukkA lesA bhavANaidevANaM / / 189 / / paJcasaMgraha / / tIvra tIvratara tIvratama, maMda, maMdatara tatA maMdatama Adi chaH kaSAya ke utpanna huI paripATI krama meM kRSNa, nIla, kApota aura tejo ( pIta) padma tathA zukla ye 6 lezyAeM kahI gaI haiN| inake lakSaNa isa prakAra haiM 1 kRSNa lezyA - krodhI lampaTa mAyAvI, AlasI va bhIru / nIla lezyA- ati nidrAlu, dUsaroM ko Thagane meM dakSa, dhana-dhAnya viSaya meM tIvra lAlasA rakhane vAlA / yathA NiTThA- vaMcaNi bahulo, dhaNa dhaNNe hoI tivva saNNoya / lakkhaNabhedaM bhaNiyaM sabhAsado NIla- lessa || 20211 jIvasamAsa dUsaroM ke Upara krodha karane vAlA, dUsaroM kI nindA karane vAlA, dUsaroM ko aneka prakAra duHkha dene vAlA, doSa lagAne vAlA, atyadhika zoka bhaya karane vAlA, sahana na karane vAlA, apanI prazaMsA karane vAlA, cApalUsI se khuza rahakara apane hAni-lAbha kA va na krnaa| tejo (pIta) lezyA- jo kArya akArya, sevya asevya ko jAnatA hai sabake viSaya meM samadarzI nahIM hai, dayA va dAna meM tatpara haiM, mana vacana kAya se komala pariNAmI haiN| padma lezyA jo tyAgI hai, bhadra pariNAmI hai, nirbhaya hai, nirantara kArya meM tatpara hai tathA aneka prakAra se kaSTaprada aura aniSTa upasargoM ko kSamA kara detA hai| zukla lezyA- jo pakSapAta nahIM karatA, nidAna nahIM bA~dhatA, sabake sAtha samAna rahatA hai, iSTa-aniSTa padArthoM meM rAga-dveSAdi se rahita hai| (11) bhavyatva mArgaNA micchadiDI abhavvA bhavasiddhIyA sa savvaThANesu / siddhA neva abhavvA navi bhavvA huMti nAyavvA / 1751 / jIvasamAsa jIvasamAsa kI dRSTi se jIva ke bhavya evaM abhavya ye do bheda mAne gaye haiN| abhavya jIva mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna meM hI hote haiM jabaki bhavya jIva mithyAdRSTi se sayoga kevalI guNasthAna taka ho sakate haiN| abhavya jIva samyaktva ko prApta nahIM kara sakate isalie sAsvAdana va mizra guNasthAna meM inakA astitva hI nahIM hotaa| abhavya jIvoM ko mAtra eka mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna hotA hai| tadbhava mokSagAmI jIvoM ko sabhI guNasthAna saMbhava haiN| siddha jIva na to bhavya hote haiM aura na abhavya / bhavya abhavya kA nirNaya svayaM kara sakate haiM aisA kunda- kunda svAmI pravacanasAra meM spaSTa karate haiM 73

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bhavya jIvoM ke prakAra 1. 2. 3. 4. No saddahaMti sokkhaM suhesu paramaMti vigada ghANIdaM / suNidUma te abhavvA bhavvA vA taM paDiMcchati / 162 / / Asanna bhavya nikaTa bhavya jina pUjA stuti meM zuddhopayoga se zAnti kA anubhava karatA hai| dUrabhavya- kAlAntara meM aneka bhava dhAraNa karake mokSagAmI hai| jise jina pUjAkarane se zAnti kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai| dUrAna dUra bhavya yA abhavya samAna kabhI mokSa nahIM hogA jo bAlyAvasthA se vRddhAvasthA taka jinavANI Adi kA zravaNa karane para bhI nijAtma zAnti kA anubhava nahIM karatA use bhavya hI mAnanA caahie| nitya nigoda- jo abhI nigoda se nikalA nahIM hai| - (12) samyaktva mArgaNA - jo kucha bhava dhAraNa karake yA tadbhava mokSagAmI hai jo maisuinANAvaraNaM daMsaNamohaM ca taduvaghAINi / tapphagAI duvihAI savvadesevaghAINi / / 76 / / jIvasamAsa chappacaM Nava vihANaM, atthANaM jiNavarovaidvANaM / ANA ahimeNa va saddahaNaM hoI sammattaM / / 212|| dhavalA matijJAnAvaraNa, zrutajJAnAvaraNa darzanamonI ye tInoM samyakdarzana ke upaghAtaka haiN| isake spardhaka ho prakAra ke haiM- dezaghAtI tathA sarvaghAtI jinendra deva dvArA upadiSTa 6 dravya 5 astikAya aura nava padArthoM kI AjJA athavA adhigama se zraddhAna karane ko samyaktva kahate haiN| upazama, vedaka yA kSayopazamika tathA kSAyika ye samyaktva ke bheda haiN| udAharaNa- jisa prakAra mATIyukta pAnI se bhare glAsa meM miTTI ke baiTha jAne para jala nirmala dikhatA hai ThIka usI prakAra darzana mohanIya ke upazAnta hone para jo satyArtha siddAnta hotA hai use upazama samyakdarzana kahate haiN| inake do bheda haiM-prathamopazama samyaktva va dvitIyopazama samyaktva 4 anantAnubandhI kaSAya mithyAtva aura samyag mithyAtva ke kSaya ko kSayopazama samyaktva kahA jAtA hai| kSayopazama samyakadRSTi jIva zithila zraddhAnI hotA hai ise bhaTakane meM dera nahIM lgtii| darzana mohanIya karma ke sarvathA kSaya ho jAne para jo nirmala zraddhAna hotA hai vaha kSAyika samyaktva hai yaha nitya hai aura karmoM ke kSaya kA kAraNa hai| kSAyika samyakadRSTiyoM kA va kRtkRtya vedaka samyagdRSTi kA triyaMca gati meM jAne para anya guNasthAnoM meM saMkramaNa nahIM hotaa| sAtavIM pRthvI ke sAsAdana samyagdRSTi, samyagmithyAdRSTi aura asaMyata samyagdRSTi nArakI jIva apane-apane guNasthAna sahita naraka se nahIM nikalate Ayu kSINa hone ke prathama samaya meM hI sAsAdana guNasthAna kA vinAza ho jAtA hai| vidhAna yaha bhI hai ki cAroM gatiyoM ke jIva mithyAtva guNasthAna meM Ayu karma kA bandha karate haiM isalie usa guNasthAna sahita anya gatiyoM meM jAte haiN| sAtavIM pRthvI ko chor3akara anya saba gatiyoM ke jIva sAsAdana guNasthAna meM Ayu baMdha karate haiM aura ina gatiyoM se nikalate bhI haiM yahA~ narakAyu nahIM badhatI / dezavirata 74

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guNasthAna kevala triyaMca aura manuSya ina do gatiyoM meM hI hotA hai ina guNasthAna meM Ayu baMdha deva gati kA hotA hai| pramatta aura apramatta guNasthAna kevala manuSya gati meM pAye jAte haiM jahA~ devAyu baMdha saMbhava hai| apramatta guNasthAna meM AyubaMdha kA viccheda ho jAtA hai arthAta apUrvakaraNa Adi sAta guNasthAnoM meM AyubaMdha nahIM hotA kintu upazama zreNI ke cAroM guNasthAnoM meM caDhate utarate hue kisI bhI guNasthAna meM maraNa saMbhava hai| ayoga guNasthAna se kevaliyoM kA saMsAra se nirgamana hotA hai ataH upazama zreNI aura ayoga guNasthAna meM to jisa guNasthAna meM AyubaMdha nahIM hotA usameM bhI nirgamana saMbhava hai jabaki anya avasthAoM meM nirgamana usI guNasthAna sahita saMbhava hai jisa guNasthAna meM AyubaMdha saMbhava ho| guNasthAnoM meM inakI sthita isa prakAra haitInoM samyaktva - avirati samyakadRSTi se 11veM guNasthAna taka sNbhv| upazama samyaktva - mAtra upazAnta moha guNasthAna taka hI rahatA hai| kSAyika samyaktva - avirati samyakadRSTi se 14veM ayoga kevalI guNasthAna taka sNbhv| samyaktva mArgaNA va guNasthAna sambandhI vidhAna- sAsAdana samyakadRSTi jIva eka sAsAdana samyakadRSTi guNasthAna meM hI hote haiN| - jo samyaktva se girakara mithyAtva ko prApta na se sAsAdhana samyagdRSTI kahate hai| yaha guNasthAna sAdi aura pAraNAmika bhAva vAlA hai| yathA ___Na ya micchattaMva patto sammattAdo ya jodu privaado| so sAliNo tti yo sAdiya bhava pAriNAmio bhaavo||2101| dhavalA isa gAthA ke AdhAra para nimna likhita vidhAna kie jA sakate haiM- nArakI jIva mithyAdRSTi sAsAdana samyagdRSTi, samyagmithyAdRSTi aura asaMyata samyagdRSTi hote haiN| ye asaMyata samyagdRSTiguNasthAna meM kSAyika samyakadRSTi, vedaka samyakadRSTi aura upazama samyakadRSTi hote haiN| - napuMsakavedI jIva paMcama guNasthAna taka prApta kara sakatA hai| - triyaMca saMyatAsaMyata guNasthAna meM kSAyika samyakadRSTi nahIM hote| - deva asaMyata samyagdRSTigaNasthAna meM kSAyika samyakadRSTi, vedaka samyakadRSTi aura upazama samyakadRSTi hote haiN| - pramatta saMyata, apramatta saMyata, asaMyata aura saMyatAsaMyata, upazama samyagdRSTi guNasthAnoM se jIvoM meM aupazamika samyaktva pAyA jAtA hai| upazama, vedaka yA kSayopazamika tathA kSAyika ye samyaktva ke bheda haiN| guNasthAnoM meM inakI upasthiti isa prakAra rahatI hai- tInoM samyaktvaavirata samyagdRSTi se 11veM gaNasthAna taka saMbhava haiN| upazamasamyaktva- mAtra upazama gaNasthAna taka hI hotA hai| kSAyika samyaktva- avirata samyaktva se sayoga kevalI taka saMbhava

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(13) saMjI mArgaNA asaNNi amaNapaMciMdiyaMta saNNI 3 samaNa chumtthaa| nosaNNino asaNNI kevalanANI 3 viNNeA||81||jIvasamAsa mImAMsAdi jo pUvvaM kajjaM ca tacca midaramaM c| sikkhAdi NAmeNedi ya so samaNo asamaNo yaM vivriido||221|| dhavalA samajha va viveka kI dRSTi se jIvoM ke do bheda haiM- saMjJI va asNjnyii| asaMjJI jIvoM meM mana rahita paMcendriya taka ke sabhI jIva samAhita hote haiN| asaMjJI jIva mithyAdRSTi va sAsvAdana guNasthAna meM hI saMbhava hai| saMjJI jIvoM meM manasahita chadmastha jIva samAhita haiN| saMjJI(samanaska) jIva mithyAdRSTi se kSINamoha guNasthAna taka saMbhava haiN| sayoga kevalI va ayoga kevalI vicAra kI apekSA se na to saMjJI haiM aura na hI asaMjJI ve mAtra sAkSI bhAva meM hI rahate haiM kyoMki vahA~ vicAra vikalpa kA abhAva hai| (13) AhAra mArgaNA viggahaimAvannA kevaliNo samuhayA ajogI y| siddhA ya aNAhArA sesA ArAharagA jiiv||82||jiivsmaas Nokkama kammahAro kavalAhAro ya lepphaaro| o ja maNo vi ya kamaso AhAro chvvihonneo||222||dhvlaa vigraha gati kara rahe jIva, kevalIsamudghAta kara rahe kevalI, ayogI kevalI tathA siddha anAhAraka hote haiM tathA zeSa sabhI jIva aahaark| nau karma AhAra,karma AhAra, ojAhAra, lepAhAra,mAnasika AhAra aura kavalAhAra ye chaH prakAra ke AhAra haiN| sabhI parama audArika zarIradhAriyoM kevalioM ke no karma AhAra hote haiN| sabhI nArakiyoM kA karma phala ko bhoganA hI karma AhAra hai|sbhii devoM ke mAnasika AhAra hotA hai| sabhI manuSyoM va triyaMcoM ke kavalAhAra hotA hai| jo pakSI apane zarIra kI garmI se aNDe setI haiM use ojAhAra kahate haiM ekendriya jIvoM ke lepAhAra hotA hai| Nokkama titthayare kammaM NAraye NANaso amre| kavalAhAro Narapazu ujajo pakkhANi igi lepo|| dhavalA jo AhAra grahaNa kareM ve AhAraka tathA isake viparItajIva anAhAraka kahalAte haiN| vigrahagati( eka zarIra ko chor3akara dUsare zarIra ko grahaNa karane vAlA yAtrI jIva), kevalI samudghAta karane vAle (saMlekhanA- samAdhimaraNa) kevalI, ayoga kevalI va siddha anAhAraka jIva va zeSa AhAraka jIva mAne gaye haiN| mithyAdRSTi, sAsvAdana va avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna vAle jIva vigraha gati meM yAtrA kama karate samaya hI anAhAraka rahate haiM zeSa samaya meM AhAraka hote haiN| sayoga kevalI guNasthAna meM samudaghaAta karane vAlA jIva isake tAsare, cauthe aura pA~caveM samaya meM anAhAraka hotA hai| ayoga kevalI jIva anAhAraka hai| AhAraka jIvoM meM mithyAdRSTi se sayoga kevalI guNasthAna saMbhava hai| jJAtavya hai ki digambara paramparA meM sayoga kevalI kavalAhAra nahIM karatA jabaki zvetAmbara paramparA meM isake viparIta vidhAna hai| (tatvArthasUtra kI sarvArthasiddhi 76

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TIkA 1/8) / ojAhAra, lobhAhAra aura kavalAhAra ye tIna prakAra ke AhAra haiM / jo AhAra grahaNa kareM ve AhAraka isake viparIta anAhAraka jIva hote haiN| isase sambandhita vidhAna isa prakAra haiM kevalI samudghAta karane vAle (sallekhanA samAdhi maraNa) kevalI ayogakevalI aura siddhaanAhAraka jIva tathA zeSa AhAraka jIva mAne gaye haiN| mithyAdRSTi, sAsvAdana va avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna vAle jIva vigrahagati meM yAtrA karate samaya hI anAhAraka rahate hai zeSa samaya AhAraka hote haiN| - sayoga kevalI guNasthAna meM samudghAta karane vAlA jIva usake tIsare cauthe aura pA~cave samaya meM anAhAraka hotA hai| ayogakevalI jIva anAhAraka hai| AhAraka jIvoM meM- mithyAdRSTi se sayoga kevalI mithyAdRSTi se sayoga kevalI guNasthAna saMbhava hai| , TippaNI digambara paramparA meM sayogI kevalI kavalAhAra nahIM karate jabaki zvetAmbara paramparA meM kevalI kavalAhAra karate haiN| vigraha gati - eka zarIra ko chor3akara dUsare zarIra ko grahaNa karane vAlA yAtrI jIva haiN| 77

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adhyAya-4 guNasthAna va anuyoga dvAra cintana bhavabhAvaparittINaM kAlavibhAgaM kmennnnugmittaa| bhAveNa samuvautto evaM kujjtraannugm|| 263 / / jiivsmaas| saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karAne vAlI jIva kI vibhinna avasthAeM haiM inakA cintana dvAroM ke mAdhyama se kiyA jAtA hai| jIvasamAsa graMtha jisameM 287 prAkRta gAthAeM haiM ve ATha dvAroM meM hI vibhakta haiM- satpadaprarUpaNA, dravyaparimANa, kSetra, sparzanA, kAla, antara, bhAva aura alpbhutv| umAsvAmikRta tatvArthasUtra ke prathama adhyAya ke 8veM sUtra meM kahA hai stsNkhyaakssetrsprshnkaalaantrbhaavaalpbhttvaishc|| yahA~ sata- vasta ke astitiva ko sata kahA jAtA hai| saMkhyA- vastu ke parimAma kI ginatI ko saMkhyA kahA jAtA hai| kSetra- vastu ke vartamAna kAla ke nivAsa ko kSetra kahate haiN| sparzana- vastu ke tInoM kAla sambandhI nivAsa ko sparzana kahate haiN| kAla- vastu ke Thaharane kI maryAdA ko kAla kahate haiN| antara- vastu ke viraha kAla ko antara kahate haiN| bhAva- aupazamika, kSAyika odi pariNAmoM ko bhAva kahate haiN| alpabahutva- anya padArthoM kI apekSA se kisI vastu kI hInAdhikatA kA varNana karane ko alpabahutva kahate hai| satprarUpaNA dvAra meM jIva va guNasthAnaka sthitiyoM kA varNana hai| dUsarA parimANa dvAra hai isameM dravya, kSetra, kAla va bhAva ye cAra vibhAga haiN| punaH dravya arthAt saMkhyA vibhAga ke mAna, unmAna, avamAna, ganima aura pratimAna vibhAga Do taula mApa se sambandhita haiM, kSetra parimANa ke antargata aMgula, vilasti(vitasti), kukSI, dhanuSa, gAU, zreNI Adi paimAnoM kI carcA hai| isI krama meM aMgula ke nimna bheda kie haiM- utsedhAMgula, pramANAMgula aura aatmaaNgul| isake punaH bhedoM meM sUcyaMgala, pratarAguMla va ghanAMgula aise tIna-tIna bhega kie hai| sUkSma kSetramApa ke antargata paramANa, urdhvareNa, trasareNa, bAlAgra, lIkha, jeM aura java ka carcA hai| 6 aMgala se eka pAda, 2 pAda se eka vilasti(vitasti) tathA 2 vilasti(vitasti) kA eka hAtha, 4 hAthoM kA eka dhanuSa, 2000 hAtha yA 500 dhanuSa kA eka gAu (koza) hotA hai aura 4 gAu kA eka yojana hotA hai| kAla kI sUkSma ikAI samaya hai| ayaMkhya samaya kI eka avalikA hotI hai| saMkhyAta avalikA kA eka zvAsocchavAsa yA prANa hotA hai| sAta prANoM kA eka stoka hotA hai| sAta stoka kA eka lava hotA hai| sADhe ar3atIsa sava kI eka nalikA hotI hai| do nalikAoM kA eka muhUrta 18

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hotA hai| tIsa muhUrta kA eka ahorAtra (divasa) hotA hai / pandraha ahorAtra kA eka pakSa hotA hai| eka pakSa kA eka mAsa hotA hai| do mAsa kI eka Rtu hotI hai| do ayana kA eka varSa hotA hai| caurAsI lAkha varSoM kA eka pUrvAMga hotA hai| caurAsI lAkha varSoM ko caurAsI lAkha varSoM se guNA karane para eka pUrva prApta hotA hai| pUrva ke Age nayUtAMga, nUyata nalinAMga, nalina Adi kI carcA ke sAtha aMta meM zIrSa prahelikA kA ullekha hai| Age kA kAla saMkhyA batAnA saMbhava na hone se palyopama, sAgaropama Adi upamAnoM se spaSTa kiyA jAtA hai| isake prabhedoM meM saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta ko zAmila kiyA jAtA hai| bhAva parimANa meM pratyakSa va parokSa ko samAhita karate haiN| kSetra dvAra meM AkAza ko iMgita kiyA hai| sparzana dvAra ke antargata loka ke svarUpa va AkAza evaM svarUpa kA varNana hai| kAla dvAra meM 3 kAloM kI carcA hai- 1. bhAvAyu kAla- cAroM gatiyoM ke jIvoMkI adhikatama va nyUnatama Ayu kI carcA hai (jIva vizeSa kI apekSA se tathA isa gati ke sarva jIvoM kI apekSA se)| isI karma se urdhvaloka, adholoka aura tiryakloka kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| tiryakloka ke antargata jambUdvIpa aura meruparvata kA svarUpa spaSTa kiyA gayA hai aura usake pazcAt dviguNa dviguNavistara vAle lavaNa samudra, dhAtakIkhaNDa, kAlodadhi samudra, puSkaradvIpa aura usake madhyavartI mAnuSottara parvata kI carcA hai| isI carcA ke antagarta yaha bhI batAyA gayA hai ki manuSya mAnuSottara parvata taka hI nivAsa karate haiN| yadyapi isake Age bhI dviguNitadviguNita vistAra vAle asaMkhya dvIpa samudra haiN| sabake aMta meM svambhUramaNa samudra hai| ATha anuyoga dvAra 1. satprarUpaNA dvAra isameM jIva ke svarUpa, bheda va adhikAroM kA varNana kiyA hai| 2. parimANa dvAra- davve khette kAle bhAve ya cauvvihaM pamANaM tu| davvapaesavibhAgaM pesmegaaimnnNtN||87 || jIvasamAsa / / dravya kSetra kAla bhAva ye 4 prakAra ke parimANa kahe gaye haiN| parimANa zabda kA eka artha hai- pramANa arthAt jisase padArtha kI mAtrA yA mApa ko jAnA jaay| ina mApoM ke 5 bheda haiM , (a) mAna pramApa- dhAnya va tarala padArtha ko mApane kA pAtra dhAnya ko azati yA muTThI, prasati (pasaniyAM, aJjali), setikA, kudava, prastha ADhaka, droNa, jaghanya kumbha, madhyama kumbha, utkRSTa kumbha tathA bAha Adi magadha deza kI pracalita prAcIna mApaka ikAiyAM thiiN| 2 azati = 1 prasati, 2 prasati 1 setikA, 4 setikA = 1 prastha, 4 prastha = = = 1 kudava, 4 kudava 1 Ar3haka, 4 Ar3haka = 1 droNa, 60 Ar3haka = 1 jaghanya kumbha, 80 Ar3haka = 1 madhyama kumbha, 100 Ar3haka = 1 utkRSTa kumbha tathA 800 Ar3haka = 1 bAha hotA hai| tarala padArthoM kA mApana dhAnya ke mApa se cauthAI bhAga adhika mApA jAne kA vidhAna thaa| unmAna pramApa-jina vastuoM ke sAdhana tarAjU baTakhare hote haiM unheM unmAna prApa jAtA hai| ye mApa haiM- ardhakarSa, karSa, ardhapala, pala, ardhatulA, tulA, ardhabhAra va bhAra ardhakarSa sabase kama bhAra kA mApa hai| saMbhavataH sera chaTA~ka va mana kA AdhAra ye mApaka rahe hoNge| (A) 79

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(i) avamAna pramApa- inameM bhUmi Adi ko mApane ke pramApa sammilita haiN| daNDa(khetAdi kA mApana), dhanuSa(mArga kA mApana), nalikA(kuA va khAI kA mApana), akSa va mUsala ye sabhI cAra hAtha parimANa haiN| 10 nalikA = 40 hAtha = 1 rjjuu| 1 kiSka = 2 haath| 6 aMgula = 1 pAda, 2 pAda = 1 vitasti(balizta), 2 vitasti = 1 hAtha, 2 hAtha = 1 kiSka, 2 kiSka= 1daNDa, 2 hajAra dhanuSa = 1 kosa, 4 kosa = 1 yojn| (I) gaNima pramApa- jisakI gaNanA kI jAya use gaNanA kahate haiN| jaina paramparA meM gaNanIya saMkhyA 194 aMka arthAt 1 para 193 zUnya parimANa hai| (u) pratimAna- isake dvArA bahumUlya vastuoM ko taulA jAtA hai| ye mApa haiM- gujA(rattI), kAkaNI, niSpAva, karmamASaka, maNDalaka va suvrnn| 5 rattI = 4 kAkaNIyAM, 3 niSpAka= 1 karmamASaka, 12 karmamASaka yA 48 kAkaNiyAM = 1 maNDalaka, 16 karmamASaka yA 64 kAkaNiyoM kA eka karmamASaka hotA hai| kSetra parimANainake do pramukha bheda haiM- vibhAga niSpanna va pradezAvagAha nisspnn| eka pradezAvagAha, do pradezAvagAha, yAvat saMkhyAta pradezAvagAha, asaMkhyAta pradezAvagAha ye pradeza avagAha niSpanna pramApa haiN| vibhAga niSpanna pramApoM meM aMgula(utsedhAMgula-narakAdi catirgati jIvoM kI U~cAI ke nirdhAraNa hetu), kSetra-pramANa pramANAMgula(isase dvIpa, samudra va bhavanavAsI Adi ko mApA jAtAhai) va AtmAMgula- svayaM kI aMgulI, isase ghara Adi ko mApA jaataahai|), vitasti, hAtha, kukSI, dhanuSa, gAu, zreNI, pravara loka va aloka zAmila haiN| paramANu, trasareNu(pUrva dizA kI vAyu se prerita hokara ur3ane vAle kaNa), rathareNu (ratha kI dhUla se ur3ane vAle kaNa), bAlAgra(agrabhAga), lIkha, jUM va java kramazaH eka dUsare se 8 guNA bar3e haiN| 8 bAlAgra = 1 lIkha, 8 lIkha = 1 jUM tathA 8 jUM = 1 java(dhAnya vizeSa) hotA hai| 8java = 1 aMgula, 6aMgula = 1 pAda, 2 pAda = 1beMta (vitasti) = 1 hAtha hotA hai| 4 hAtha kA = 1 dhanuSa, 2 hajAra hAtha = 1 gAU(kosa) tathA 4 gAU = 1 yojana parimApa hotA hai| yojana ko asaMkhyAta se gaNA karane para 1 zreNI prApta hotI hai aura usako asaMkhyAta se guNA karane para eka pratara tathA eka pratara ko asaMkhyAta se guNA karane para loka parimANa banatA hai| loka ko ananta se guNA karane para aloka banatA hai| uttama puruSa 108 aMgula pramANa, madhyama puruSa 104 aMgula pramANa tathA adhama puruSa 96 aMgula pramANa vAle hote haiN| kAla parimANasAmAnyataH kAla ke koI bheda nahIM haiM phira bhI loka vyavahAra meM samaya avalikA, ghar3I prahara, dina, mAsa, varSa yA bhUta bhaviSya va vartamAna kAla Adi bheda kahe haiN| kAla ke atyanta sUkSma aura avibhAjya bhAga ko samaya kahate haiN| asaMkhyAta samaya kI eka avalikA tathA asaMkhyAta avalikA kA eka zvAsocchavAsa hotA hai| eka svastha yuvA manuSya ke(svAbhAvika taura para) eka ucchavAsa va nizvAsa ke kAla ko prANa kahate haiN| sAta prANoM kA eka stoka hotA hai tathA sAta stoka kA eka lv| sAr3e ar3atIsa lava kI eka nar3ikA(nalikA), do nalikA arthAt 77 80

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lava kA eka muhUrta tathA 30 muhUrta kA eka ahorAtra (divasa) hotA hai| 15 divasa-rAtri kA eka pakSa, do pakSa kA eka mAsa, do mAsa kI eka Rtu, 3 RtuoM kA eka ayana va jo ayana kA eka varSa hotA hai| inameM kramazaH dasa - dasa se guNA karane para dasa, sau, hajAra, dasa hajAra va lAkha saMkhyA prApta hotI hai| isako 84 se guNA karane para 84 lAkha varSa phira isako 84 lAkha se guNA karane para jo saMkhyA prApta hotI hai use pUrva kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra eka pUrva kA parimANa sattara kharaba chappana araba(varSa) hotA hai| pUrva ko 84 se guNA karane para prApta guNanaphala nayutAMga kahalAtA hai| phunaH isI prakriyA ko Age bar3hAte hue 84 se guNA karate jAne para jo parimANa prApta hotA hai use kramazaH eka nayuta, nalinAMga, nalina, mahAnalinAMga, mahAnalina, padmAMga, padma, kamalAMga, kamala, kumudAMga, kumuda, truTitAMga, truTita, aTTAMga, aTTa, avavAMga, avava, huhUAMga, huhUka, ayutAMga, ayuta, prayutAMga, prayuta zIrSaprahelikAMga tathA zIrSaprahelikA kahate haiN| zIrSaprahelikA kA saMkhyA parimANa 194 aMka hai| isase Age kI saMkhyA ko upamA se spaSTa kiyA jAtA hai- palyopama, sAgaropama aadi| isa gaNanA ke phalasvarUpa jo saMkhyA milatI hai use saMkhyAta kAla tathA isake pazcAt ke kAla ko asaMkhyAta kahA jAtA hai| palyopama ke tIna bheda kie gaye haiM- 1. uddhAra (eka yojana lambA eka yojana caur3A tathA tIna yojana se adhika paridhivAlA eka palya jisameM bAlAgra ThasAThasa bhara diye hoN| isake punaH do bheda haiM- bAdara uddhAra palyopama arthAt eka samaya meM eka-eka bAlAgra nikAlane para jaba vaha khaDaDA khAlI ho jAya tathA dasarA hai sakSma uddhAra palyopama- eka-eka bAla ke asaMkhya kareM use palya meM bhareM, eka samaya meM eka-eka khaNDa nikAlane meM jo avadhai lage vaha sUkSma uddhAra palyopama hai|), 2. addhA- sau-sau varSa avadhi meM eka-eka bAla nikAlane meM jo samaya lage vaha bAdara addhA kAla(saMkhyAta kroDa varSa) hai| tathA sau-sau varSa meM eka-eka sUkSma bAlAgra ko nikAlane meM jo samaya lage vaha sUkSma addhA palyopama(asaMkhyAta kroDa varSa) hai| uparyukta palyopama ko dasa koTAkoTi se guNA karane para uddhAra sAgaropama prApta hotA hai| dasa kor3Akor3I sAgaropama kA eka avasarpiNI(kramazaH ghaTate rahane vAlA kAla, vartamAna samaya avasarpiNI kAla kA paMcama ArA hai) tathA utane hI parimANa kA eka utsarpiNI kAla(unnati kAla) hotA hai| cAroM gatiyoM kA krama meM aSTa karmoM kA AyuSya kAla isa prakAra hai- jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, vedanIya va antarAya kI 30 koTAkoTi sAgaropama, nAma va gotra kI 20 koTAkoTi sAgaropama, Ayu karma kI 33 sAgaropama tathA mohanIya karma kI 70 koTAkoTi sAgaropama kI utkRSTa sthiti jIvasamAsa kI gAthA 130 meM batAI gaI hai| ekendriya jIva asaMkhya avasarpiNI-utsarpiNI kAla eka hI kAya(sva kAya) meM rahate haiN| basa kAya kI utkRSTa sthiti do sAgara, manuSya - tiryaJca- kI adhikatama 7-8 bhava kI svakAya sthiti hai| deva va nArakI svakAya me punaH janma nahIM lete haiN| 3. kSetra palyopama- AkAza kSetra parimApana hetu isakA upayoga kiyA jAtA hai| AkAza pradeza meM jitane bAlAgra va bAlAgra-khaNDa : inako khAlI karane meM lagane vAle samaya ko kramazaH bAdara va sukSma kSetra palyopama kahA jAtA

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hai| isa parimANa meM dasa karor3a kA guNA karane para kSetra sAgaropama pramANa AtA hai| inako bhI uddhAra, addhA va kSetra ke dvArA mApA jAtA hai| bhAva parimANabhavanaH bhaavH| bhAva zabda kI utpatti hai| isake do bheda haiM- (a) guNa niSpanna (jIva va ajIva guNa parimANa) jIva guNa parimANa tIna prakAra(jJAna, darzana aura cAritra) kA hai tathA ajIva guNa parimANa 5 prakAra(varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza va saMsthAna) kaa| (A) noguNa niSpanna jise saMkhyA pariNamana bhI kahA jAtA hai| saMkhyA ke do bheda hai- zruta aura gaNita sNkhyaa| zruta jo ki akSara, pada, zaloka, saMghAta, ber3ha, veSTaka, gAthA, paryAya, pAda, anuyogadvAra adhyayana, zrutaskandha, aMga va uddezaka Adi kA pratinidhitva karatA hai usake punaH do bheda kie gae haiMkAlika(AcArAMga Adi graMtha) tathA utkAlika(prajJApanA va jIvAbhigama Adi grNth)| gaNitIya saMkhyA ke saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta va ananta ye tIna bheda haiN| jaba jambU dvIpa(1 lAkha yojana kA AkAra) jaise AkAra vAle 4 pyAle ( anavasthita, zalAkA, pratizalAkA va mahAzalAkA)sarasoM se bhara die jAeM to una sarasoM ke dAnoM kI saMkhyA ko utkRSTa saMkhyAta kahA jA sakatA hai| sana pratyakSa va parokSa pramANa hotA hai| anumAna va upamAna ke dvArA inakA pramANa taya kiyA jAtA hai| darzana ke 4 bheda (cakSu, acakSu, avadhi va kevala) haiM isakA anubhava kiyA jAtA hai| cAritra ke 5 bheda haiM - (sAmAyika- mahavratoM ko dhAraNa karane se pUrva yaha cAritra grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, kSedopasthApanIya- sAticAra va niraticAra bhedarUpa yaha cAritra dIkSA paryAya kSedakara punaH mahavratoM kI sthApanA karane meM madadarUpa hotA hai, parihAra vizuddhi- yaha tapa vizeSa kI sAdhanA se arjita Atma-vizuddhi hai , sUkSmasamparAya- isameM krodhAdi kaSAyoMkA kSaya karake sAdhaka 10veM guNasthAna meM pahu~catA hai, tathA yathAkhyAta- arthAt akkhAya pUrNa kaSAya rahita hai(pratipAtI-upazAnta moha se paha~cA sAdhaka 11veM guNasthAna ko prApta hotA hai va apratipAtIkSaya karake pahu~cA sAdhaka 12veM guNasthaAna ko sunizcita kara letA hai) / jIvadravya parimANa-mithyAdRSTi jIva dravya kI apekSA se ananta haiM kSetra kI apekSA se ananta prade tathA kAla kI apekSA se ananta avasarpiNI-utsarpiNI kAla tulya haiN| -sAsvAdana tathA mizra guNasthAna meM adhikatama palyopama ke asaMkhyAta bhAga jitane hote haiM tathA jaghanya se isakI saMkhyA eka hai| -avirata samyagdRSTi va dezavirati guNasthAna meM nyUna va adhikatama donoM kI apekSA se kSetra palyopama ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga jitane dote haiN| -pramattasaMyata jIvoM kA nyUnatama parimANa do hajAra koTi tathA adhikatama 9 hajAra koTi kA -apramattasaMyata jIvoM kA parimANa saMkhyAta kahA gayA hai| -upazamaka zreNI meM eka samaya nyanatama eka va adhikatama 54 jIva praveza kara sakate haiN| 82

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-kSapaka, kSINamohI jIvoM kI praveza ke samaya saMkhyA 1 se 108 taka ho sakatI hai| kSapaNakAla meM nyUnatama 200 va adhikatama 900 hotI hai| sayoga kevalI nyUnatama 2 karor3a va adhikatama nau karor3a hotI hai| -antarmuhUrta pramANa kSapaka zreNI kAla meM eka samaya meM 108, dUsare samaya meM phira 108 jIva hote haiN| -prathama naraka meM asaMkhyAta zreNI(sAta rajju lambI AkAza pradeza paMkti) parimANa nArakI jIva haiM zeSa 6 narakoM meM pratyeka zreNI ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga jitane mithyAdRSTi jIva hote haiN| -sAmAnyataH ekendriya se cAra-indriya trasa jIva ananta mithyAdRSTi haiM jabaki paMcendriya trasa jIvoM kI saMkhyA apekSAkRta kama hai kintu devoM kI saMkhyA se asaMkhyAta guNA adhika haiN| 3. kSetra dvAraisakA sambandha AkAza dravya se hai jisameM jIva pudgala Adi 6 dravyoM ka nivAsa hotA hai| isameMrahane vAle jIvoM kA avagAhana pramANa kI carcA isa dvAra meM kI gaI hai| guNasthAna pariprekSya meM dekheM to sthiti isa prakAra hai- mithyAdRSTi sarvaloka meM hai zeSa guNasthAnavI jIva loka ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga meM hote haiN| kevalI asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga meM tathA samudghAta kI apekSA sarva loka(lokavyApI) meM hote haiN| 4. sparzana dvAraisameM AkAza arthAt lokAkAza-alokAkAza ke svarUpa ko samajhAyA gayA hai| isakA urdhva loka ko mRdaMga(Dhola), madhya loka jhallarI(thAlI jaisA vAdaya) tathA adholoka vetrAsana(gAya kI gardana) ke samAna hai| adholoka meM ratnaprabhA Adi sAta pRthviyAM sparzanIya haiN| madhya loka bhI davIpa-sAgaroM se sparzanIya hai| urdhva loka(brahmadevaloka taka tIna rajja pramANa) madhya loka kI caur3AI se 14 guNA lambA hai| 14 guNasthAnavI jIvoM meM se mithyAdRSTi sarva loka kA, sAsvAdana, mizra, avirata samyagdRSTi aura dezavirata samyagdRSTi loka ke 14 bhAga(rajjU pramANa) kSetra meM kramazaH 12, 8,8 tathA 6 bhAga parimAma kSetra ko sparza karate haiN| zeSa pramattasaMyata Adi guNasthAnoM ke jIva asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga kA hI sparza karate haiM jabaki kevalI sarva loka kA sparza karate haiN| 5.kAla dvArakAla ke tIna prakAra kie gae haiM- (a) bhavAyukAla- prANI kI eka bhava kI Ayu batAne vAlA (A) kAyasthitikAla- jIva punaH-punaH usI kAyA meM janma letA hai vaha kAyasthitikAla hai| (i) guNavibhAgakAla- pratyeka guNasthAna meM jIva jitane samaya rahatA hai vaha guNavibhAgakAla kahalAtA hai|mithyaatvgunnsthaan kA kAla sAdisanta hai| sAsvAdana guNasthAna kA jaghanyakAla eka samaya tathA utkRSTakAla 6 avalikA hai| mizra guNasthAna kA utkRSTa va jaghanyakAla antarmuhurta pramANa hai| samyagdRSTi guNasthAna kA kAla 33 sAgaropama hai dezavirati va sayoga kevalI kA kucha kAla kama pUrva koTi varSa kA hai|prmttsNyt guNasthAna kA jaghanyakAla eka samaya tathA utkRSTa kAla antarmuhurta pramANa hai| sampUrNa kSapaka zreNI antarmuhurta pramANa hai| 83

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ayoga kevalI kA kAla 5 hrasvAkSara parimANa hai| nArakiyoM kA utkRSTa bhavAyukAla sAta naraka pRthviyoM meM kramazaH 1, 3, 7, 10, 17, 22 tathA 33 sAgaropama hai| prathama naraka kI utkRSTa Ayu hI dUsare naraka kI jaghanya Ayu hai yaha krama sAtaveM kI jaghanya Ayu kI gaNanA meM apanAyA jAtA hai| prathama naraka kI jaghanya Ayu dasa hajAra varSa hai jo bhavanavAsI va vyantara devoM para samAna rUpa se lAgU hotI hai| 12 devaloko meM kramazaH do, do se kucha adhika, sAta, sAta se kucha adhika, dasa, caudaha, sataraha, aThAraha phira kramazaH eka eka kI vRddhi ke sAtha sarvArthasiddhi vimAna taka 33 sAgaropama kI utkRSTa sthiti pAyI jAtI hai| 5. antara dvAra jIva jisa gati ko chor3akara jAtA hai aura punaH usI avasthA ko vApasa prApta nahIM ho jAtA taba taka kA kAla antara kAla kahalAtA hai| ekendriya jIvoM kA janma-maraNa nirantara arthAt hara samaya hotA rahatA hai| mithyAtva kA parityAga karake punaH mithyAtva ko grahaNa karane kA antara kAla (utkRSTa eka sau battIsa sAgaropama hai| kSapaka, kSINamohI tathA sayoga kevalI jIvoM ke mithyAtva va samyaktva kA antara kAla nahIM hotaa| ayoga kevalI kA antara kAla utkRSTataH 6 mAsa paryanta hotA hai sAsvAdana guNasthAna se vaikriyamizra kAyayoga taka kA antara kAla jaghanya se eka samaya hotA hai| ajIva dravya kA antara kAla jaghanya se eka samaya tathA utkRSTa se ananta kAla hotA hai| zeSa dravyoM kA antara kAla nahIM hai| 6. bhAva dvAra aupazamika, kSAyika, mizra (kSayopazamika), audayika, pAriNAmika tathA sannipAtika ye jIvoM kI 6 prakAra kI bhAva avasthAeM batalAI gaI hai| ajIvoM meM audayika va pAriNAmika do prakAra kI avasthAeM pAyI jAtI haiN| aSTa karamoM meM ina bhAvoM kI sthiti kA vivecana isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai- mohanIya karma meM aupazamika, kSAyika, mizra (kSayopazamika) va audayika ye 4 bhAva hote haiN| zeSa ghAtiyA karmoM meM uparyukta meM se aupazamika ke atirikta bAkI ke tIna bhAva pAye jAte hai aghAtiyA karmoM ke mAtra audayika bhAva hI pAyA jAtA hai| 7. alpabahutva dvAra kisa prakAra ke jIvoM kI saMkhyA yA pramANa anya kI tulanA kama yA adhika hai isakA varNana isa dvAra meM kiyA gayA hai| gati krama meM dekheM to cAroM gatiyoM meM manuSyoM kA pramANa sabase kama hai, nArakI jIvoM pramANa manuSyoM se ananta guNA hai inase asaMkhya giNA devatA haiN| devoM se anantaguNA siddha tatA siddhoM se ananta guNA tiryaJca haiN| guNasthAnoM kI apekSA se upazAmaka sabase kama hote haiM, unase adhika kSapaka, unase adhika jina, unase adhika apramattasaMyata tathA unase saMkhyAta guNA adhika pramattasaMyata hote haiN| inase Age eka-dUsare se adhikatA ke pramANa meM kramazaH guNasthAnaka sthiti hai- dezavirata, sAsvAdanI, mizra, avirata samyakatvI, siddha tathA mithyAtvI / guNasthAnavartI jIvoM meM sabase kama ayoga kevalI hote haiN| gati ke alAvA mArgaNA va lezyAdi krama meM isa dvAra ke dvArA jIva parimANa ko jAnA jA sakatA hai| 84

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adhyAya-5 guNasthAna evaM karma siddhAnta guNasthAna evaM karma prakRtiyAM va siddhAnta guNasthAna siddhAnta vAstava meM karma baMdhana se mukti kI vikAsa yAtrA hai| isa prakAra ina donoM meM niyata sahasambandha avazya hai| kasAyapAhur3a aura SaTkhaNDAgama ( mahAkarma prakRtizAstra) mUlataH karma siddhAnta ke grantha haiN| yadyapi kaSAyapAhur3a meM bhale hI caudaha guNasthAnoM kA ullekha nahIM hai phira bhI sAsvAdana Adi kucha guNasthAnoM ko chor3akara zeSa ke nAmoM kA nideza isa grantha meM upalabdha hai| isI prakAra SaTkhaNDAgama meM bhI bhale hI guNasthAna zabda kA prayoga na huA ho kintu jIva samAsa zabda ke dvArA ina caudaha sthitiyoM ko spaSTa kiyA gayA hai| digambara paramparA meM SaTkhaNDAgama, gommaTasAra Adi meM tathA zvetAmbara paramparA ke pA~ca karma granthoM meM se "karmastava" meM ina caudaha guNasthAnoM ke saMndarbha meM karmabaMdha, udaya, udIraNA evaM sattA Adi kA hI vicAra kiyA gayA hai| jaina darzana kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki jisa prakAra lauha piNDa meM agni tattva samAviSTa ho jAtA hai usI prakAra karma vargaNAeM pudagala pradezoM ke sAtha (baMdha) samAviSTa ho jAtI haiN| karma kA sattA kAla- baMdha ke pazcAt apane phala vipAka arthAt udaya ke pUrva kI avasthA ko karma kA sattA kAla kahA jAtA hai| udaya- jaba karma vargaNAeM pudgagala meM apane sattA kAla ke samApta hone para apanA phala pradAna karatI haiM to use karmodaya kahate haiN| udIraNA- karmoM kA sattA kAla samApta hone se pUrva hI unheM udaya meM lAkara unake phaloM ko bhoga lenA udIraNA hai ise savipAka nirjarA yA puruSArtha kahA jAtA hai| udIraNA kAla labdhi pUrNa hone para hotI hai jise niyati kahA jAtA hai| kSaya udaya aura udIraNA ke pazcAt jo karma nirjarita ho jAte haiM vaha kSaya hai| upazama- jaba jIva apane prayatna yA puruSArtha se udaya meM Ane vAle karma ko apanA vipAka yA pariNAma dene se roka letA hai to yaha upazama hai| upazama arthAt usa karma (moha) kI najara se bacakara Age bar3hanA hai| ina uparyukta ghaTakoM ke AdhAra para hI guNasthAna va karma ke paraspara sambandha ko samajhA jA sakatA hai| baMdha yogya karma evaM unakI prakRtiyAM (120) tattvArtha sUtra meM inakA vistRta varNana hai1. jJAnAvaraNa (5)- mati Adi pA~ca jJAnoM ke AvaraNa 85

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2. darzanAvaraNa(9)- cakSu, acakSu, avadhi aura kevaladarzanAvaraNa tathA nidrA(tIvra nidrA), pracalA (khar3e-khar3e so jAnA), pracalA- pracalA(calate- calate so jAnA) aura styAnagRddhi(jAgRta avasthA meM soce hae kAma ko nidrAvasthA meM karane kA sAmarthya prakaTa honaa)| 3. vedanIya(2)- sAtA vedanIya aura asAtA vedniiy| 4. mohanIya(28)- darzanamohanIya kI tIna prakRti(1. mithyAtva mohanIya- jisake udaya se tatvoM ke yathArtharUpa meM ruci na ho| 2. mizra mohanIya- jisa karma ke udaya kAla meM tAtvika ruciaruci kI sthiti DavA~Dola rahatI hai| 3. samyaktva mohanIya- jisakA udaya tAtvika ruci kA nimitta hokara bhI aupasamika va kSAyika bhAva vAlI tAtvika ruci ko pratibandhita karatA ho|), cAritra mohanIya karma kI 25 prakRtiyAM(a- 16 kaSAya- anantAnubandhI arthAta tIvratama, apratyAkhyAna arthAta tIvra jo mahA virati ko pratibandhita kare, pratyAkhyAna arthAt kamatIvra jo dezavirati kI jagaha mAtra mahA virati ko hI pratibandhita kare, saMjvalana arthAta atialpa tIvratA jahA~ pratibandha to nahIM hotA kintu mAlinya avazya rahatA ho ese krodha mAna mAyA lobhAdi kaSAya catuSka tathA 9 kaSAya- hAsya, rati prIti), arati, bhaya, zoka, jugupsA (ghRNA), strIveda (straiNa bhAvavikAra), puruSaveda (pauruSa bhAvavikAra) tathA napuMsakaveda (napuMsaka bhAvavikAra) va mohanIya aadi| 5. Ayu(4)- deva, manuSya,triyaJca aura nrkaayu| 6. nAma (42)-(a) 14 piNDa prakRtiyAM- devAdi cAra gatiyAM prApta karAne vAlA karma, ekendriya se paMcendriya taka kA anubhava karAne vAlA karma, zarIragata AMgopAMga kA anubhava, gRhIta aura audArika pula tathA buddha pugloM ke sAtha vividha AkAroM vAlA karma saMghAta, asthibandha racanArUpa saMhanana tathA vividha AkRtiyoM kA nimitta karma saMsthAna, pA~ca varNa do gandha, pA~ca rasa tathA ATha sparza vAlA, vigraha dvArA AkAzagAmI, prazasta aura aprazasta gamana kA kAraka karma vihAyoga gti| (A) trasa dazaka va sthAvara dshk| (i) 8 pratyeka prakRtiyAM- guru-laghu zarIra, jivhA Adi avayava,darzana vANI kI zakti, zvAsa lene kA niyAmaka karma, uSNa - zIta kA nayAmaka karma Adi zarIra ke aMgoM ko yathocita vyavasthita karane vAle karma haiN| dharma tIrtha pravartana kI zakti dene vAlA karma tIrthaMkara hai| 7. gotra karma (2) -pratiSThA prApta karAne vAlA ucca gotra tathA isake viparIta nimna gotr| 8. antarAya(5) - dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya antraay| pratyeka guNasthAna kI prArambhika va antima avasthA meM baMdha, sattA, udaya aura udIraNA ke yogya karma prakRtiyoM kI saMkhyA meM kabhI-kabhI aMtara A jAtA hai| vikAsa yAtrA ke do guNasthAnoM ke bIca eka saMkramaNa kI bhI avasthA hotI hai jo pUrvavartI gaNasthAna kI samApti aura uttarAvartI gaNasthAna 86

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ke prArambha kI sUcaka hai| sAtaveM guNasthAna ke pazcAt jaba AtmA upazama yA kSaya vidhi ko apanAkara AdhyAtmika vikAsa karatA hai taba bhI guNasthAna kI zreNI vizeSa sattA Adi ke anusAra karma prakRtiyoM kI saMkhyA meM aMtara A jAtA hai| guNasthAnoM ke krama meM karma prakRtiyoM kI sthiti mithyAtva guNasthAna evaM karma prakRtiyAM - 1 isa guNasthAna kI kula baMdha yoga- karma prakRtiyAM 120 haiN| phira bhI isameM tIrthaMkara nAmakarma aura AhArakavika ina tIna ko chor3akara 117 karma prakRtiyoM kA baMdha sambhava hai| udaya evaM udIraNA kI apekSA se inakI saMkhyA 122 ( 120 + mizra moha aura samyaktva moha) hai| isa guNasthAna meM mizra moha, samyaktva moha, AhArakadvika aura tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ( 5 ) kA udaya evaM udIraNA saMmbhava nahIM hai| isalie 117 karma prakRtiyoM kI hI udaya evaM udIraNA saMbhava hai| isa guNasthAna meM 48 karmoM kI sattA mAnI gaI hai| usa vRddhi kA kAraNa hai- baMdha kI apekSA se nAmakarma kI 67 karma prakRtiyAM haiM kintu sattA kI apekSA se ve 93 haiM (26 adhika) isI prakAra mohanIya karma kI do karma prakRtiyAM - mizra moha aura mithyAtvamoha bar3ha jAtI haiM (120+ 28= 148) sAmAnyataH isa guNasthAna meM kisI karma prakRti kA pUrNa kSaya yA upazama nahIM hotA phira bhI jo jIva samyaktva guNasthAna meM ArohaNa karate haiM ve isa guNasthAna ke uttarArddha caraNa meM sAta karma prakRtiyoM( anantAnubandhI kaSAya catuSka, mithyAtva moha, mizra moha aura samyaktva moha) kA kSaya yA upazama karate haiN| saMzayita, abhigrahIta aura anabhigrahIta isa prakAra tIna bheda haiN| (go.jI.gA. 17 ke anusAra) mithyAtva prakRti ke udaya se hone vAle mithyA pariNAmoM kA anubhava karane vAlA jIva viparIta zraddhAna vAlA kahalAtA hai jisa prakAra pitta jvara se pIr3ita jIva ko mIThA rasa acchA mAlUma nahIM hotA usI prakAra aise jIva ko yathArtha dharma acchA mAlUma nahIM hotaa| mithyAtva ke pA~ca bheda haiMekAnta, viparIta, vinaya, saMzaya aura ajJAna / (go.jI.gA.dha. 1 / 1 /9/ pR. 162gA. 106) / jitane vacana mArga hote haiM utane hI naya ke bheda hote haiM jitane nayavAda haiM utane para samaya (anekAntabAhyamata) hote haiN| jAvadiyA vayaNavahA tAvadiyA ceva hoMti nnyvaadaa| jAvadiyA NayavAdA tAvadiyA ceva para samaya / / (dha. 1 / 1 /9/ gA. 105 ) isalie mithyAtva ke pA~ca hI bheda haiM aisA koI niyama nahIM hai| mithyAtva ke pA~ca prakAra kA upalakSaNa mAtra hai| mithyAtva ke do anya prakAra bhI kahe jAte haiM- vyakta evaM avyakta mithyAtva / vyakta mithyAtva- vyakta mithyAtva dasa prakAra ke hote haiM "dasavihe micchatte pannate, tama jahA adhamme dhamma savvA, dhamme adhamma savvA, ummagge magga savvA, maggeummazasavvA, ajIvesu jIva savvA, jIvesu ajIva savvA, AsAhusu sAhusavvA, sAhusu asAhu savvA, amuttesu muttasavvA, muttesu amuttasavvA" - ThANAgaMsUtra 87

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arthAt adharma meM dharma saMjJA, dharma meM adharma saMjJA, amArga meM mArga saMjJA, mArga meM amArga saMjJA, ajIva meM jIva saMjJA, jIva meM ajIva saMjJA, asAdhu meM sAdhu saMjJA, sAdhu meM asAdhu saMjJA, ayukta meM yukta saMjJA tathA yukta meM ayukta saMjJA hotI hai| mokSazAstra meM mithyAtva ke pA~ca prakAra batAye haiM- abhigrahika, anAbhigrahika, abhinivezaka, sAMzAyika aura anAbhogika meM se prathama 4 vyakta mithyAtva ke svarUpa haiN| avyakta mithyAtva- avyakta mithyAtva se saMdarbhita vidhAna hai ki avyavahAra rAzi vAle jIva sadA kAla mithyAtva mUrchA meM rahate haiN| zrImada haribhadrasUrI jI ne "yogadRSTi samuccaya" meM 8 yogadRSTioM kA varNana kiyA hai jisameM se prathama 4 meM mithyAtva guNasthAna ghaTa sakatA hai| yahA~ mohanIya karma ke do bheda kahe gaye haiM - (a) darzana mohanIya (A) cAritra mohanIya darzana mohanIya ke ye tIna - samakita mohanIya, mizramohanIya va mithyAtva mohanIya bheda kahe gaye haiN| mithyAtva guNasthAna ke uttarArddha meM samyagdRSTi jIva ko saMsAra se mukta hone kI tIvra icchA hotI hai sAMsArika sukha baMdhana rUpa lagate haiM kintu apratyAkhyAnIya kaSAyoM ke tIvra udaya ke calate vaha aisA kara pAne meM asamartha hai| vrata na le sakane kA use tIvra dukha rahatA hai| kAyA se pApa pravRtti hone para use hRdaya meM tIvra DaMkha rahatA hai| anuttara vimAna kI Ayu 33 sAgaropama hai usameM AgAmI bhava kI manuSya Ayu jor3a dene para isa guNasthAna kI utkRSTa Ayu A jAtI hai| 2- sAsvAdana gaNasthAna meM karma siddhAnta jaba jIva caturtha guNasthAna se girakara prathama guNasthAna taka patita hokara giratA hai to usake madhya kA saMkramaNa kAla dUsarA tIsarA guNasthAna hai| isa guNasthAna meM 16 karma prakRtiyAM mithyAtva moha ke udaya se hI ba~dhatI haiM- (naraka trika-narakAyu, naraka gati, narakAnupUrvI, jAti catuSka, sthAvara catuSka,- sthAvara sUkSma, aparyApti, sAdhAraNa nAmakarma, huNDaka saMsthAna, Atapa nAmakarma, sevArta saMhanana, napusaMkaveda aura mithyAtva moha) kA baMdha nahI hotA ataH 101 karma prakRtiyoM kA hI baMdha hotA hai| yahA~ tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ko chor3akara zeSa 147 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahatI hai| isameM 111 karma prakRtiyoM (mithyAtva moha, mizra moha, samyaktva moha, tIrthaMkara nAmakarma, AhArakavika, sUkSma zarIra, aparyApta avasthA, sAdhAraNa zarIra, Atapa nAmakarma tathA narakAnupUrvI ina 11 karma prakRtiyoM ko chor3akara) ke udaya kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| 3- mizra guNasthAna evaM karma siddhAMtaisa guNasthAna meM sAsvAdana guNasthAna kI 101 karma prakRtiyoM meM se 74 karma prakRtiyoM(tiryagcaritra, sthAnavRddhitrika - styAnagraddhi, pracalA aura pracalA- pracalA, durbhaga nAma karma, dusvara nAmakarma, anAdeya nAma karma, anantAnabaMndhI kaSAya cataSka, madhyama saMsthAna catuSka, mahAyama saMhanana catuSka, nIca gotra, udhotana nAmakarma, azubhavihAyogati tathA strI veda -27) kA hI baMdha sambhava hai| sattA kI apekSA se tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ko chor3akara 147 karma prakRtiyAM haiM tathA udaya yogya 122 karma prakRtiyoM meM se anantAnubandhI kaSAya , sthAvara nAmakarma, ekendriya nAma karma, tIna vikalendriya nAmakarma kA cheda tathA tiryaJca, manuSya aura devAnupUrvI kA anudaya evaM mizra moha kA udaya hone se ina 111 karma prakRtiyoM ke udaya kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai| 88

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zraddhA ruci pratyaya itiyAvata / samIcIna ca mithyA ca dRSTirthasyAsI samya mithyAdRSTiH / (dhavalA. 1-1-11) dRSTi, ruci, zraddhA aura pratyaya ye paryAyavAcI nAma haiM jisa jIva ke samIcIna aura mithyA donoM prakAra kI dRSTi hotI hai usako samyagamiththAdRSTi kahate haiN| sammamicchA dayeNa ya jaMtatara savvadhAdikajjeNa / Naya sammaM micchaM pi ya, sammisso hodipariNAmo / / (go. jI. gA. 21 ) apane pratipakSI AtmA ke guNoM kA sarvathA ghAta karane kA kArya dUsarI sarvaghAtI prakRtiyoM se sarvathA vilakSaNa jAti kA hai| isI prakAra tattvoM ke svarUpa ke sambandha meM bhI ina guNasthAnavartI jIvoM kI mizrita zraddhA hotI hai| jaise- kisI puruSa meM kisI ke prati mitratA aura kisI ke prati zatrutA, isI prakAra tattva zraddhAna aura atattva zraddhAna eka sAtha jIva meM kadAcita sambhava haiN| so saMjama Na Nizradi desaMjama vA Na baMdhadeAuM / sammaM vA micchaM vA, paDivajjiya maradi Niya meNa / / (go. jI. gA. 23) 4. avirati samyagdRSTi guNasthAna va karma siddhAnta jinakI dRSTi arthAt zraddhA samIcIna hotI hai use samyagdRSTi kahate hai aura saMyama rahita samyagdRSTi ko asayaMta samyagdRSTi kahate haiN| jo indriyoM ke viSayoM se tathA trasa, sthAvara jIvoM kI hiMsA se virakta nahIM hai, kintu jinendra dvArA kathita vacanoM kA zraddhAna karatA hai use avirata samyagdRSTi kahA gayA hai| jo idiyesu virAdo No jIve thAvare tase vApi / jo sahahadi jiNuttaM sammAiTThI avirAdo so|| (dha. 1/1/ 12/ gA. 111 / 173 / go. jI. 129 / 58/ paMca saMgraha prAmRta gA. 11 ) avirata samyagdRSTi ke bAhya cinha - vaha samyagdRSTi jIva putra, strI Adi meM garva nahIM karatA, (asamyaktva nahIM hotA) upazama bhAva ko bhAtA hai aura paMcendriyajanya viSaya bhogoM meM tRSNA nahIM rkhtaa| uttama guNoM ko grahaNa karane meM tatpara rahatA hai| uttama sAdhuoM kI vinaya karatA hai tathA sAdharmI janoM se anurAga rakhatA hai| Atmazuddhi kI sAdhanA kA prathama sopAna samyagdarzana hai, pa. zrI daulatarAma jI ne chahaDhAlA meM kahA bhI hai- mokSa mahala kI prathama sIr3I yA bina jJAna caritrA / samyakatA na lahe so darzana dhAro bhavya pavitrA / / cha DhA. - 311 isa prakAra samyaktvarUpI zreSTha dhana kI upalabdhi meM parama upalabdhi vIra puruSArthI jIva hI saphala hote haiN| isa guNasthAna meM 77 karma prakRtiyoM kA hI baMdha sambhava hai ( 44 mizra guNasthAna kI karmaprakRtiyAM + tIrthaMkara nAmakarma, manuSya evaM deva Ayu karma) isa avasthA meM tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ke baMdha kI sambhAvanA banI rahatI hai| caturtha guNasthAna se gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka sabhI 148 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahatI hai| caturtha guNasthAna meM sambhava sattA kI apekSA se sAmAnya jIva jisane kSAyika samyaktva prApta nahIM kiyA hai ko 148 karma prakRtiyoM kI sambhava sattA mAnI jAtI hai kintu carama zarIrI AtmA kSapaka zreNI kA ArohaNa kara usI bhava se mokSa jAne vAlI hai, phira bhI jinhoMne ArohaNa Arambha nahIM kiyA usameM 145 karma prakRtiyoM kI (narakAyu, tiryaJca 3 89

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Ayu aura devAyu) viccheda sattA rahatI hai| jisa AtmA ne isa guNasthAna meM kSAyika samyaktva to prApta kara liyA hai kintu abhI unakA bhava bhramaNa zeSa hai usameM anantAnubaMndhI kaSAya catuSka aura darzana mohatrika ke viccheda ho jAne se 141 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahatI hai jabaki carama zarIrI ke isake alAvA manuSyAyu zeSa Ayutrika(10) kA viccheda ho jAne se 138 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahatI hai| isa guNasthAna meM 104 karma prakRtiyoM kA udaya saMbhava hai (mizra guNasthAna kI 100 meM se eka mizra mohanIya karma + samyaktva mohanIya, devAnupUrvI, manuSyAnupUrva, tiryAJcAnupUrvI va narakAnupUrvI (5) / udaya kI mAnya 122 karma prakRtiyoM meM se yahA~ 18 karma prakRtiyoM(anantanubandhI kaSAya catuSka tathA mohatrika meM se mithyAtva moha aura mizra moha(6) isake ma karma kI 12 karma prakatiyoM - sakSma, aparyApta, sAdhAraNa, Atapa, sthAvara, ekendiya jAti vi indriya jAti, trindriya jAti, caturindriya jAti nAma karma, AhAraka zarIra, AhAraka AMgopAMga aura arddhanArAMca nAmakarma) kA udaya nahIM hotaa| isa guNasthAna meM udaya evaM udIraNa yogya karma prakRtiyoM kI saMkhyA samAna hotI hai| isa guNasthAna meM samyaktva ke bheda isa prakAra kie gaye haiM - a- aupazamika samyaktva- isa kA jaghanya va utkRSTa kAla eka antarmaharta kA hai| isameM samyaktva kA sparza adhikatama pAMca bAra hotA hai| yaha AtmA nizcaya se mokSa jAne vAlI hotI hai| A- kSAyopazamika samyaktva- yaha cauthe se sAtaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| isakI jaghanya sthiti eka antarmuhUrta tathA utkRSTa chaha sAgaropama hai| isakI prApti jIva ko sAMsArika jIvana meM aneka bAra hotI hai| i- kSAyika samyaktva- mithyAtvAdi mohanIya kI sAta karma prakRtiyoM ko mUla se chedakara AtmA kSAyika samyaktva prApta karatA hai| yadi pUrva se AyuSya baMdha nahIM hotA to vaha AtmA usI bhava meM kSapaka zreNI car3hakara mokSa jAtI hai| kSAyika samyaktvadhArI adhikatama cAra yA pAMca bhava dhAraNa karatA hai| samyaktva kI yaha sthiti sAdi ananta hai arthAt yaha eka bAra prApta hone ke bAda AtmA se kabhI alaga nahIM hotaa| yaha cauthe se caudahave guNasthAna taka pAyA jAtA hai| kSAyika samyaktva hetu vajra vRSabha nArAcaM saMghanana anivArya hai| I- vedaka samyaktva- kSAyopazamika samyaktva meM vidayamAna AtmA jaba mohanIya karma bala ke aMtima padagala kA bhedana karake jisa pariNAma ko prApta hotI hai vaha vedaka samyaktva hai| isake turaMta bAda kSAyika samyaktva kI prApti ho jAtI hai| u- sAsvAdana samyaktva- upazama samkatva se cyuta AtmA jaba taka mithyAtva ko prApta nahIM ho jAtI taba taka usake jo pariNAma hote haiM use sAsvAdana samyaktva kahA jAtA hai| (dUsarI guNasthAna sthiti) na- mizra mohanIya karma dalikoM kA bhedana karane vAle ko mizra samyaktva hotA hai| isakA kAla antarmuhurta pramANa hai| U-mi

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5. dezavirati samyagdRSTi gaNasthAna aura karma siddhAnta yaha samyaktva guNa yukta hai, -zrAvaka ke vrata yA aNuvrata kA pAlana se sambaddha hai| isa guNasthAna ke adhikArI mAtra manuSya aura saMjI paMcendriya tiryaJca hI haiN| isakI jaghanya va utkRSTa sthiti dezona pUrva koTi varSa hai| isa guNasthAna meM baMdha yogya karma prakRtiyAM 67 haiN| isameM jJAnAvaraNa kI (5), mohanIya karma kI (26), karma prakRtiyoM meM se(15) 11 mohanIya karma kI karma prakRtiyAM jinakA baMdha nahIM hotAanantAnubandhI kaSAya catuSka, apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya catuSka, mithyAtva moha, napuMsakaveda, strIveda, Ayu catuSka meM kevala 2 devAyu, nAmakarma kI 67 meM se 32- devagati, paMcendriya jAti, vaikriya zarIra, taijasa zarIra, kArmaNa zarIra, vaikriya AMgopAMga, vajravRSabhanArAMca saMhanana, sama caturasra saMsthAna, huMDaka saMsthAna, varNa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza, devAnupUrvI, zubhavihAyogati, parAghAta, upaghAta, ucchAsa, udyota, aguru, tIrthaMkara, nirmANa, vasa, bAdara, paryApta, pratyeka, sthira, zubha, subhaga, susvara, Adeya, evaM yaza kIrti nAmakarma prakatiyoM kA hI baMdha sambhava hai| isake alAvA gotra karma mAtra dravya gotra (1) tathA aMtarAya karma kI (5) prakRtiyoM kA baMdha sambhava hai| isa guNasthAna meM 148 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA mAnI gaI hai| acaramazarIrI kSAyika samyaktva vAle jIva ke anantAnubandhI kaSAya catuSka va darzanatrika kA kSaya ho jAne se 141 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahatI hai jabaki carama zarIrI ke manuSyAyu ko chor3a anya tIna Ayu na rahane se 138 karmoM kI sattA rahatI hai| udIraNA kI dRSTi se dezavirati samyagdRSTi guNasthAna meM 87 karma prakRtiyAM mAnI gaI haiM- jJAnAvaraNI(5) darzanAvaraNI(8), vedanIya(2), mohanIya karma kI udaya yogya(28), karma prakRtiyoM meM se (18), anantAnubandhI kaSAya catuSka,apratyAkhyAnI kaSAya catuSka, mithyAtva moha aura mizra moha ina dasa kA udaya nahIM hotaa| Ayu karma meM se (2) manuSya aura devAyu, nAma karma kI 67 meM se 23 kA udaya nahIM hotaa| mAtra 44 nAma karma kI prakRtiyoM kA udaya hotA hai| isa prakAra guNasthAna meM kula 87 karma prakRtiyoM kA udaya hotA hai| pramatta saMyata guNasthAna taka udaya evaM udIraNA kI karma prakRtiyAM samAna hotI haiN| 6- pramatta saMyata (sarva virata) guNasthAna va karma siddhAntamana, vacana, kAya, karaNa, karAvaNa va anumodana se pApa vRtti kA savarNa tyAga kara isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka avasthita hotA hai| saMyata muni isakA pAlana karate haiN| pramAda yukta hone se ve saMyata kahalAte haiN| ye guNasthAnavartI anaMtAnubaMdhI, apratyAkhyAna va pratyAkhyAna kaSAya catuSka se rahita hote haiN| isa guNasthAna me sabhI caudaha pUrvadhara maharSi AhAraka labdhi kA upayoga karate haiM jo eka prakAra kA pramAda hI hai| isakI jaghanya sthiti eka samaya aura utkRSTa sthiti kucha nyUna koTi varSa hai| yahA~ dezavirata guNasthAna meM svIkRta 67 karma prakRtiyoM meM se baMdha kI dRSTi se pratyAkhyAnI kaSAya catuSka kama hokara mAtra 63 raha jAtI haiN| sattA kI apekSA se pUrva guNasthAna kI bhA~ti 148 karma 91

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prakRtiyoM kI sattA saMbhava hai tathApi carama zarIrI ke deva, naraka va triyaJca Ayu kA baMdha na hone kI apekSA se sattA 145 karma prakRtiyoM kI ho jAtI hai| jabaki acarama zarIrI kSAyika zreNI vAle jIva meM anantAnubandhI kaSAyacatuSka evaM darzanatrika ke kSaya hone se yahA~ 141 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA hotI hai| yadi carama zarIrI jIva kSAyika samyaktva kA dhAraka hokara kSapaka zreNI se ArohaNa karatA hai to 138 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA raha jAtI hai (anantAnubandhIkaSAyacatuSka, darzanatrika tathA manuSya ko chor3akara Ayutrika(10) kI sattA nahIM hotii)| udaya evaM udIraNA kI apekSA se isa guNasthAna meM 81 karma prakRtiyoM kA hI udaya sambhava hai| mohanIya karma kI 28 meM se 14, nAmakarma kI udaya yogya 67 prakRtiyoM meM se 44 , jJAnAvaraNIya kI 5, darzanAvaraNIya-9, vedanIya-2, AyuSya kI-2(manuSyAya), gotra kI-2(ucca gotra) tathA antarAya kI-5 haiN| 7- apramattasaMyata guNasthAna va karma siddhAntapramAda kA tyAga karate hue sAdhanA - adhyAvasAya ko Age bar3hAnA jisase Agama vizuddhi meM vRddhi hotI hai| isa guNasthAna meM saMjvalana kaSAya bhI maMda par3a jAtI hai| isakI jaghanyAvadhi eka samaya va utkRSTa avadhi eka antarmuhUrta kI hai| isake bAda AtmA upazama yA kSapaka zreNI para car3hatA hai| na pramatta saMyataH apramattasaMyataH paMcadaza pramAda rahitAH saMyatA iti yaavt| (mU. 33) jinakA saMyama pramAda sahita nahIM hotA hai, unheM apramattasaMyata kahate haiN| saMjalaNa NokasAyA Nudao maMdo vajra tadA hoNdi| apramatta guNo tejoya apramatta saMvado hodi||dh. 1/1/15 pR. 178 / / jaba saMjvalana aura nau kaSAya kA maMda udaya hotA hai taba sakala saMyama se yukta muni ke pramAda kA abhAva ho jAtA hai ataH isa guNasthAna ko apramatta saMyata kahate haiM isake do bheda haiN| (ka) svasthAnApramatta- jisake sampUrNa vyaktAvyakta pramAda naSTa ho cuke haiM aura jo samagra mahAvratI, aTThAIsa mUlaguNoM tathA zIloM se yukta haiN| (kha) sAtizaya apramatta- bhAvoM kI atyanta vizuddhi ho jAne se vaha apramatta sAdhaka chaThe NasthAna meM na jAkara askhalita gati se upazama vA kSapaka zreNI para ArUNa hokara Upara car3hatA hI jAtA hai use sAtizaya apramatta kahate haiN| zreNI vibhAga- sAtaveM guNasthAna se Age Atma vikAsa kI do zreNiyAM ho jAtI haiN| eka upazama zreNI aura dUsarI kSapaka shrennii| ___ sAtaveM guNasthAna meM chaThe guNasthAna ke 63 meM se prArambha meM 59 yA 58(caramazarIrI ke kisI bhI Aya kA baMdha nahIM hotA ) karmaprakRtiyoM kA hI baMdha sambhava hai| jJAnAvaraNIya-5, darzanAvaraNIya meM nidrAdika ko chor3akara zeSa-6, vedanIya meM- sAtAvedanIya-1, mohanIya meM-9 kaSAya, AyuSya meM devAyu-2, gotra meM uccagotra-1, antarAya-5 tathA nAmakarma kI- 31 = 52 karma prakRtiyoM kA hI baMdha sambhava hai| sattA kI apekSA se yahA~ upazama zreNI vAle jIva meM 141, tIrthaMkara vyatirikta kSapaka zreNI vAle jIva meM mohAtrika kSaya hone se 145 tathA anta meM mohAtrika, gatitrika, Ayutrika tathA tIrthaMkara nAmakarma ina dasa kA viccheda hone se 138

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karmoM kI sattA rahatI hai| udaya evaM udIraNA kI 81 karma prakRtiyoM meM se nidrAtrika evaM AhAravika (5) kama hone se 76 kA hI udaya sambhava hai jabaki udIraNA mAtra 73 kI hI sambhava hai(vedanIyavika aura AyuSya karma kI nahIM = 3) 8- apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna - ( nivRttikaraNa) va karma siddhAnta karma rahitatA (kaSAya rahita ) ke apUrva anubhava hote haiN| isa guNasthAna meM rahate hue kSapaka zreNIM para car3hane vAlI AtmA saMjvalana kaSAya kA dhIra-dhIre kSaya karatI hai| jabaki upazama zreNIM para car3hane vAlI AtmA isakA upazama karatI hai| yahA~ AtmA sthiti ghAta, rasaghAta, guNazreNi, guNasaMkramaNa aura apUrvasthiti rUpa 5 kArya karatI hai| isa guNasthAna kI sthiti annrmuhUrta hai| jabaki adhyavasAya kA sthAna asaMkhyAta lokAkAza pradezatulya hai| to muhuttakAlaM gamiuNa aghAvavatta kAraNaM / paDi samaya sujjhato apuvvakaraNaM samalippaI / / 5011 go.jI. -- aghaHpravattakaraNa ke antarmuhUrta kAla ko vyatIta karake sAtizaya apramatta sAdhaka bana prati samaya vizuddha hotA huA jaba vaha apUrva pariNAmoM ko prApta karatA hai taba vaha apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna vAlA kahalAtA hai| AThaveM guNasthAna meM praveza karane vAle jIva do prakAra ke hote haiM upazamaka aura ksspk| jo vikAsagAmI AtmA moha ke saMskAroM ko dabA karake Age bar3hatA hai aura anta meM sarva mohanIya karmaprakRti kA upazama kara detA hai| isake viparIta jo mohanIya karma ke saMskAroM ko jar3a mUla se ukhAr3ate jAte haiM ve kSapaka kahalAte haiN| isa guNasthAna ke prArambha meM 58 kA, madhya meM 56 kA aura anta meM 26 hI baMdhana yogya karmaprakRtiyAM raha jAtI haiN| isase bar3I kamI nAmakarma kI hotI hai- 31 meM se mAtra eka karma prakRti hI zeSa bacatI hai| jJAnAvaraNIya kI 5, darzanAvaraNIya kI- 4, (pA~ca nidrAoM ko chor3akara), vedanIya kI-1, 9mAtra sAtAvedanIya), mohanIya kI - 9 kaSAya, nAmakarma kI - 2, gotra kI1, aura antarAya kI - 5 | sattA kI apekSA se prArambha meM adhikatama 48 tathA nyUnatama 141, upazama zreNIM vAloM ko 139 evaM kSapaka zreNI vAle sAdhakoM ko 138 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahatI hai| udaya evaM udIraNA kI apekSA se pUrvavartI 76 meM samyaktva moha aura anta meM tIna saMhanana kama hone se udaya yogya 72 tathA udIraNA yogya69 karmaprakRtiyAM raha jAtI haiN| isa guNasthAna meM baMdha kI apekSA se 56 udaya kI apekSA se 76 tathA sattA kI apekSA se 138 karma prakRtiyAM rahatI haiN| 9. anibRttikaraNa bAdara samparAya guNasthAna va karma siddhAnta - isa guNasthAna meM udaya hone vAlI kaSAya kA kSaya yA upazama jIva karatA hai| isakI bhI utkRSTa va jaghanya sthiti eka antarmuhUrta hai| dhavalA kI isa gAthA meM kahA gayA hai ki samAna samayAvasthita- jIva pariNAmAnAM nirmedena vattiH nivRttiH / dha. 1/1/17/183 / / samAna samAvartI jIvoM ke pariNAmoM kI bheda rahita vRtti ko nivRtti kahate haiN| noveM guNasthAna hue bhAvotkarSa kI nirmalatA atizIghra ho jAtI hai isa guNasthAna meM vicAroM kI caMcalatA naSTa hokara unakI sarvatra gAminI- vRtti kendrita aura samarUpa ho jAtI hai isa avasthA meM 93

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sAdhaka kI sUkSmatara aura avyakta kAma sambandhI vAsanA jise veda kahate haiM, samUla naSTa ho jAtI hai| navameM guNasthAna ke prArambha meM adhikatama 22 aura ataM meM mAtra 18 karma prakRtiyoM ke baMdha kI sambhAvanA rahatI hai| jJAnAvaraNIya-5, darzanAvaraNIya-4, vedanIya kI- 1, (sAtAvedanIya) mohanIya kI-1, (sUkSma lobha), nAmakarma kI-2, gotrakarma kI-1, tathA antarAya kii-5,|sttaa kI apekSA se Arambha meM 138 tathA ataM meM 103 karmaprakRtiyoM kI sattA zeSa rahatI hai| udaya aura udIraNA kI apekSA se pUrva guNasthAna kI udaya yogya 72 karma prakRtiyoM meM se hAsyASTaka ke kama hone se 66 tathA udIraNA kI apekSA 63 karma prakRtiyoM kI udIraNA (vedanIyavika aura manuSya Ayu kI udIraNA isa guNasthAna meM sambhava nahIM hotii)| 10- sUkSma sAmparAya guNasthAna va karma siddhAntaisa guNasthAna meM sUkSma lobha ke zeSa aMza kA upazama yA kSaya karatA hai tathA pariNAma svarUpa kramazaH 11 veM guNasthAna yA sIdhA 12veM guNasthAna ko sparza karatA hai| kSAyika zreNI kA jIva yahAM sArI karmaprakRtiyoM kA kSaya kara letA hai| sUkSma lobha ke rahate AtmA kA yathAkhyAta cAritra nahIM hotA hai| isa guNasthAnaka kI sthiti antarmuhUrta pramANa hai| sUkSmazcAsau sAmparAyazca suukssmsaampraayH| sUkSma kaSAya ko sUkSmasAmparAya kahate haiN| dhUdakosuM mayavatthaM hohi jahA suhmaaraaysNvRttN| evaM suhama kasAo suhama sarAgotti NA dvvN||59|| go. jI jisa prakAra dhule huye kosU bhI rezamI vastra meM sUkSma halkI lAlimA zeSa raha jAtI hai usI prakAra jo jIva atyanta sukSma rAga arthAt lobha kaSAya se yukta hotA hai usako sUkSsAmparAya nAmaka dazama guNasthAnavartI kahate haiN| isa guNasthAna meM 17 karma prakRtiyoM kA hI baMdha sabhaMva hai| jJAnAvaraNA.kI-5, darzanAvaraNa kI -4, vedanIya kI-1, nAmakarma kI eka, gotra kI-2 tathA antarAya kI-51 sattA kI apekSA se adhikatama -148, nyUnatama upazama zreNI meM 139 aura kSapaka zreNI meM192 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahatI hai| udaya kI apekSA se-60 aura udIraNA kI apekSA se57 karma prakRtiyoM kI udIraNA sambhava hai|(vedniiydvik aura manuSyAya) 11. upazAntamoha(upazAnta kaSAya vItarAgachadamastha )gaNasthAna va karma siddhAntamAtra upazama zreNI kA jIva hI yahA~ dasaveM guNasthAna se pahu~catA hai| kaSAyoM ke upazama hone se AtmA nirmala bana jAtI hai| ThIka usI prakAra usa zAMta sarovara ke nirmala jala kI taraha jisakI miTTI tala meM baiTha gaI ho| kintu yaha zAnti ati alpa samaya (antarmuhUrta) kI hotI hai| yahA~ se patana hokara jIva prathama guNasthAna taka pahuMcatA hai| yadi usakI isa guNasthAna meM rahate hue mRtyu ho jAtI hai to vaha anuttara devaloka meM utpanna ho jAtA hai| upazAnta kaSAyo yeSA te upazAnta kssaayaaH| isa guNasthAna meM ArohaNa karane vAlA sAdhaka mohanIya karma kI sabhI 28 karma prakRtiyoM kA pUrva upazama karake antarmuhUrta kAla paryanta isa sthiti meM rahakara punaH uparyukta karma prakRtiyoM ke vega aura bala pUrvaka udaya meM Ane se 94

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nizcita rUpa se nIce ke guNasthAnoM meM gira jAtA hai| usakA giranA do prakAra se hotA hai - kAla kSaya aura bhava kSaya | jo kAla kSaya se giratA hai vaha dasa, nau, ATha aura sAtaveM guNasthAna meM krama se AtA hai aura jo bhava kSaya se giratA hai vaha sIdhA cauthe guNasthAna meM AtA hai yA prathama guNasthAna meM bhI jA sakatA hai| go.jI. gA.61|| isa guNasthAna meM baMdha kI apekSA se mAtra-2, sAtAvedanIya kA baMdha sambhava hai| sattA kI apekSA se adhikatama 148 aura nyUnatama upazama zreNI meM 139 karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA sambhava hai| udaya kI dRSTi se 59 (pUrva guNasthAna se sUkSma lobha kama hotA hai) aura udIraNA kI apekSA se56 karma prakRtiyA~ saMbhava hai| 12- kSINamoha guNasthAna va karma siddhAnta _mohanIya karma ke sampUrNa kSaya hone para isa guNasthAna kI prApti hotI hai| sarva karma rahita hone se AtmA vItarAgI bana jAtI hai| isa guNasthAna kI prApti kSapaka zreNI vAle guNasthAnakavartI ko hotI hai| isakI sthiti antarmuhUrta mAtra hai| yahA~ se mokSa nizcaya hai| anya zabdoM meM jinakI kaSAeM sarvathA samUla kSINa ho gayIM haiM, jo kSINa kaSAya hote huye vItarAga haiM unheM kSINa kaSAya vItarAga kahate haiM / jassesa khINamoho bhAyaNadaya smcitto| khINa kasAo bhaNNadi nniNgyoviiyraayehi||go.jii.gaa. 62|| jisa nirgrantha kA mana mohanIya karma ke sarvathA kSINa ho jAne se sphaTika ke nirmala pAtra meM rakhe hue jala ke samAna nirmala ho gayA hai usako vItarAga deva ne kSINakaSAya nAma kA bArahavA~ guNasthAnavartI sAdhaka kahA hai| isameM bhI baMdha kI apekSA se mAtra sAtA vedanIya kA hI baMdha saMbhava hai tathApi sattA kI apekSA se 101 aura nyUnatama 99 karma prakRtiyAM saMbhava hai| jJAnAvaraNa kI-5, darzanAvaraNa kI-6 yA 4, vedanIya kI-2, Ayu kI-1, nAmakarma kI-80, gotra kI-2, antarAya kI-51 upazama zreNI vAlA jIva isa gaNasthAna ko sparza hI nahIM krtaa| mAtra kSapaka zreNI vAlA jIva hI yahA~ paha~catA hai|udy aura udIraNA kI apekSA se prArambha meM 57(bRSabha evaM nArAcaM saMhanana-2 ye pUrva ke 57 meM kama haiM) tathA udIraNA kI apekSA se 54 karma prakRtiyAM zeSa rahatI haiM / anta meM nidrAdvika kI apekSA se 55 karma prakRtiyoM kA udaya va 52 karma prakRtiyoM kI udIraNA saMbhava hai| gaNasthAna meM baMdha sambadhI niyama1- mithyAtva kI pradhAnatA se 16 prakRtiyoM (mityAtva huMDaka saMsthAna, napusaMkaveda,asaMmaprApta, sRpaTikA, saMhanana, ekendriya, sthAvara, alpasUkSma, aparyAptika, sAdhAraNa vi indriya,tri indriya, carturindriya, naraka gati, narakagatyAnupUrvI, narakAyu) kA baMdha hotA hai| 2- anaMtAnubaMdhI kaSAya janita avirati se 25 prakRtiyoM ( anaMtAnubaMdhI cAra, satyAnugRddhi, nidrA-nidrA, pracalA-pracalA, durbhaga, duHsvara, anAdeya, nyagrodha parimaNDala saMsthAna, kIlita 95

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saMhanana, aprazasta vihAyayoga gati, strIveda, nIcagotra, tiryaJcagati, tiryaJcagatyAnupUrvI, udyoga, tiryagAyu ) kA baMdha hotA hai| 3- apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa kaSAya udaya janita avirati se 12 prakRtiyoM (apratyAkhyAna cAra, bajra vRSabha nArAMca saMhanana, audArika zarIra,audArika baMdhana, audArika saMghAta, audArika AMgopAMga, manuSyagati, manuSyagatyAnupUrvI, manuSyAyu Adi) kA baMdha hotA hai| 4- pratyAkhyanAvaraNa kaSAya udaya janita avirati se 4 prakRti ( pratyAkhyAna kaSAya cAra) kA baMdha hotA hai| 5- saMjvalana ke tIvra udaya janita pramAda se 6 prakRti(asthira, azubha, asAtA vedanIya, ayazakIrti, arati aura zoka) kA baMdha hotA hai| 6- saMjvalana aura nauM kaSAya ke manda udaya se 58 prakRt(nidrA,pracalA, devAyu, tIrthaMkara, nirmANa, prazasta, vihAyogati, paMcendriyatejasa, kArmaNa, AhAraka, AhAraka AMgopAMga, samacaturasra,saMsthAna, devagati, devagatyAnupUrvI, vaikriyaka, vaikriyaka AMgopAMga, varNa, rasa, gaMdha, sparza, agurulaghu, upadhAta, paraghAta, ucchavAsa, trasa, vAdara, paryAptika,pratyeka sthira, suzubha, subhaga, susvara, Adeya hAsya, rati, bhaya, jugupsA, puruSaveda, saMjvalana, kaSAyacAra, matyAvaraNa Adi pA~ca dAnAntarAya Adi pA~ca cakSudarzanAvaraNa, Adi cAra yazaH kIrti, uccagotra) kA baMdha hotA hai| 7- yoga se eka sAtAvedanIya kA baMdha hotA hai| 8- tIrthaMkaraprakRti kA baMdha samyakadRSTi ke caturtha guNasthAna se AThaveM guNasthAna ke chaThaveM bhAga taka hI hotA hai| 9- AhAraka zarIra, AhAraka AMgopAMga kA baMdha sAtaveM se AThaveM guNasthAna ke chaThe bhAga taka hI hotA hai| 10- tIsare guNasthAna meM kisI bhI Ayu kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| guNasthAnoM ke udaya saMbandhI niyama1- tIrthaMkara prakRti kA udaya terahaveM aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai| 2- AhAraka zarIra aura AhAraka AgoMpAgaM kA udaya chaThaveM guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai| 3- samyak mithyAtva prakRti kA udaya tIsare guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai| 4- samyak prakRti kA udaya cauthe se sAtaveM guNasthAna taka vedakasamyakadRSTi ke hI hotA hai| 5- narakagatyAnupUrvI kA udaya dUsare guNasthAna meM nahIM hotA hai| 6- cAroM AnupUrvI kA udaya cauthe guNasthAna meM hotA hai| 7- viraha gati meM pahalA, dUsarA aura cauthA guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai| 8- dUsarA guNasthAna girate samaya hI hotA hai| 9- dUsare guNasthAnavI jIva marakara naraka nahIM jaataa| 10-pahalA guNasthAna eka mithyAtva aura cAra anaMtAnubaMdhI ke udaya se hotA hai| 11-dUsarA guNasthAna cAra anaMtAnubaMdhI ke udaya se hotA hai| 96

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12-tIsarA guNasthAna samyak mithyAtva ke udaya se hotA hai|| 13-cauthA guNasthAna cAra prakRti (cAra anaMtAnubaMdhI, samyakaprakRti, mithyAtvaprakRti, samyakmithyAtva prakRti) ke upazama kSaya yA eka samyak prakRti ke udaya se hotA hai| 14-pA~cavAM guNasthAna cAritramohanIya kI 17 karma prakRtiyA~ (pratyAkhyAna4, saMjvalana4, nau kaSAya ke udaya se hotA hai)| 15- chaThA guNasthAna saMjvalana aura naukaSAya ke tIvra udaya se hotA hai| 16- saMjvalana aura naukaSAya ke manda udaya se sAtavAM guNasthAna hotA hai| 17- saMjvalana aura naukaSAya ke mandatara udaya se: na hotA hai| 18- saMjvalana aura naukaSAya ke mandatama udaya se nauvAM gaNasthAna hotA hai| 19- saMjvalana sUkSma lobha ke udaya se dasavAM guNasthAna hotA hai| 20- mohanIya karma ke upazama se gyArahavAM guNasthAna hotA hai| 21- mohanIya karma ke kSaya se bArahavAM guNasthAna hotA hai| 22-ghAtiyA karma( jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaNIya, mohanIya, antarAya) ke kSaya se terahavAM guNasthAna hotA hai| gaNasthAnoM meM satva saMbandhI niyama1- tIrthaMkara kI sattA vAlA jIva dUsare,tIsare guNasthAna kA sparza nahIM karatA hai| 2- AhArakazarIra aura AhArakaAgoMpAgaM kI sattA vAlA jIva dUsare guNasthAna kA sparza nahIM karatA hai| vadhyamAna aura bhujyamAna donoM kI apekSA narakAyu kI sattA vAle jIva ke dezavrata nahIM hote| 4- tiryaJca Aya kI sattA vAle jIva mahAvrata dhAraNa nahIM krte| 5- devAya ke jIva kI kSapaka zreNI nahIM hotii| malakarmoM kA guNasthAna meM baMdha jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya karma kA baMdha pahale se dasaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| 2- mohanIya karma kA baMdha pahale se nauveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| Ayakarma kA baMdha pahale se nauveM gaNasthAna taka hotA hai| 4- vedanIya karma kA baMdha pahale se terahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| 5- nAmakarma, gotrakarma aura antarAyakarma kA baMdha pahale se dasaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| malakarmoM kA guNasthAna meM udaya1- jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA udaya pahale se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| 2- darzanAvaraNIya karma kA udaya pahale se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| 3- vedanIya,Aya, nAma aura gotrakarma kA udaya pahale se caudahaveM gaNasthAna taka hotA hai| mohanIya karma kA udaya pahale se dasaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| antarAya karma kA udaya pahale se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka hotA hai| 97

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1. vara malakarmoM ke guNasthAnoM me satva jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura antarAya karma kA satva pahale guNasthAna se bArahaveM guNasthAna taka pAyA jAtA hai| 2- mohanIyakarma kA satva pahale guNasthAna se gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka pAyA jAtA hai| 3- vedanIya, Ayu, nAma, aura gotra karma kA satva pahale guNasthAna se caudahaveM guNasthAna taka pAyA jAtA hai| mohanIya karma se hone vAle gaNasthAnadarzana moha ke nimitta se prathama na taka hote haiN| 2- cAritra moha ke nimitta se paMcama se dvAdaza guNasthAna taka hote haiN| 3- yoga ke nimitta se 13vAM aura 14vAM guNasthAna hotA hai| gaNasthAnoM meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA1- prathama guNasthAna meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA anaMtAnaMta hai| 2- dvitIya guNasthAna meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA palya ke asaMkhyAtave bhAga pramANa hai| tRtIya gaNasthAna meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA palya ke asaMkhyAtave bhAga pramANa hai| thAna meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA palya ke asaMkhyAtave bhAga pramANa hai| sthAna me jIvoM kI saMkhyA palya ke asaMkhyAtave bhAga pramANa hai| prathama guNasthAna meM manuSyoM kI apekSA saMkhyA jagata zreNI ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga pramANa dvitIya guNasthAna meM manuSyoM kI apekSA saMkhyAbAvana (52) karor3a hai| tRtIya guNasthAna meM manuSyoM kI apekSA saMkhyA eka sau cAra (104) karor3a hai| 9- caturtha guNasthAna meM manuSyoM kI apekSA saMkhyA sAtasau (700) karor3a hai| 10- paMcama gaNasthAna meM manuSyoM kI apekSA saMkhyA teraha( 13) karor3a hai| 11- chaThaveM guNasthAna meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA pA~ca karor3a tirAnave lAkha aThAnave hajAra do sau chaH hai(5,93,98,206)| 12- sAtaveM guNasthAna meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA do karor3a chiyAnave lAkhaninyAnave hajAra eka sau tIna (2,96,99,103) hai| 13- upazama zreNI AThaveM, navameM, dazaveM, gyArahaveM gaNasthAna meM 299,299,299,299jIva haiN| 14. upazama zreNI meM cAroM guNasthAnoM meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA 2196 hai| 15- kSapakazreNI AThaveM, noMveM, dazaveM bAraha veM guNasthAnoM meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA 598,598,598,598 pramANa hai| 16- kSapakazreNI ke cAroM guNasthAnoM meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA 2392 hai| 17- terahaveM gaNasthAna meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA AThalAkha aThAnave hajAra pA~ca sau do (8,98,502) hai| 18- caudahaveM guNasthAna meM jIvoM kI saMkhyA 598 hai| 98

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19- chaThe guNasthAna se caudahaveM guNasthAna taka jIvoM kI saMkhyA kA jor3a hai- 5-98, 98, 206 + 2, 96, 103 + 1196 + 2392 + 898502 + 598 = 8,92,99,997| 20- ye tIna kama nau karor3a manirAja bhAvaliMgI hI hote haiN| 21- dravyaliMgI munirAja dusare, tIsare, cauthe, pA~cave guNasthAna meM bhI hote haiN|

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adhyAya-6 tattvArthasUtra meM nihita guNasthAna ke abhigama kI samIkSA bhUmikAtattvArthasUtra meM sAta naya (naigama saMgraha vyavahAra RjusUtra zabda samibhirUr3ha evaM evaMbhUta) varNita haiN| jIvasamAsa (jIvaThANa athavA guNasthAna) meM aMtima do nayoM kA allekha nahIM hai| vahIM siddhasena divAkara naigama naya ko asvIkAra karate hue samabhirUr3ha evaM evaMbhUta ke sAtha inakI saMkhyA 6 mAnate haiN| isase pratIta hotA hai ki nayoM kI avadhAraNA chaThI sadI ke uttarArdha meM vikasita huI hai aura jIvasamAsa isase puurv| jabaki guNasthAnoM ke AdhAra para avalokana kiyA jAya to spaSTa hotA hai ki tattvArthasUtra meM guNasthAnoM kI avadhAraNA jyoM kI tyoM dekhane ko nahIM milatI jabaki jIva samAsa meM hai| SaTkhaNDAgama meM bhI pA~ca nayoM kA ullekha hai| guNasthAna kI avadhAraNa lagabhaga pA~cavIM sadI ke uttarArddha aura chaThI sadI ke pUrvArddha meM kabhI astitva meM AyI hogI aisA mAnA jA sakatA hai| jaina darzana meM umAsvAmikRta tattvArthasUtra ko karma vizuddhi kA vivecana karane vAlA eka pramukha graMtha mAnA jAtA hai| guNasthAna siddhAnta kI bhA~ti isameM bhI karmoM ke kSaya aura upazama kI bAta kI gaI hai phira bhI kucha bhinnatAeM dikhatI haiN| tattvArthasUtra meM karma vizuddhi kI 10 avasthAeM mAnI gaI haiM jinameM se prathama pA~ca kA sambandha darzanamoha tathA aMtima pA~ca kA sambandha cAritramoha se hai| tattvArthasUtra ke nauveM adhyAya ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue yadi gaNasthAna kA vizleSaNa kareM to hama pAte haiM ki AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA yaha krama prathama samyakdRSTi kI apekSA se kAphI mela khAtA hai| ise pravAhakrama meM nimnavat rUpa se bhI samajhA jA sakatA hai - zrAvaka aura virata ke rUpa meM vikAsa - darzanamoha kA upazama- cauthI avasthA meM anantAnubaMdhI kaSAyoM kA kSapaNa- pA~cavIM avasthA meM darzanamoha kA kSaya- chaThavIM avasthA meM cAritramoha kA upazama- sAtavIM avasthA meM cAritramoha kA upazAnta honA- AThavIM avasthA meM upazAnta moha kA kSapaNa (kSapaka)- nauvIM avasthA meM cAritra moha kSINa (kSINa moha) honA- dasavIM avasthA meM jina kI praapti| AtmA yA jIva kA svarUpaopazamika kSAyako bhAvau mizrazca jIvasya svatattva maudayika pAriNAmiko c|| 1 || dvinavASTA dazaika viziti tri bhedA ythaakrmm| uparyukta sUtra meM AtmA ke bhAva, vibhinna paryAya evaM unakI avasthAeM batAI gaI haiN| ina sabhI ko jaina darzana adhikatama pA~ca svarUpoM meM zreNIkRta karatA hai- 1. aupazamika 2. kSAyika 3. 100

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kSayopazamika 4. mizra aura 5. paarinnaamik| ina pA~ca bhAvoM ke anukrama se do, nau, aThAraha, ikkIsa va tIna bheda haiN| AtmA meM Azrava (bandha heta yA nimitta) ke kAraNamana vacana va kAyika kriyAoM kA yoga hI Azrava hai| isa yoga meM zubhAzubha pariNati hotI hai (zubhaH puNyasyA zubhaH paapsy)| dayA dAna brahmacarya kA pAlana, zubha kAya yoga, hiMsA corI abrahma azubha kAyayoga, kaThora va mithyA bhASaNa azubha vAgyoga tathA dUsaroM kI bhalAI-burAI kA cintana zubhAzubha manoyoga kahalAtA hai| AThaveM guNasthAna taka ye Azravika yoga karma bandha kA nimitta banate haiN| "adhikaraNaM jIvAjIvA ||8|| AdyaM saMrambhasamArambhArambha yogakRtakAritAnumutta kaSAya vizeSaistristristrizcatuzcaikazaH ||9||" tattvArtha sUtra meM varNita aNavratI - mahAvratI kI viziSTatAeM tathA gaNasthAna saMbaMdhI vidhAnatattvArtha sUtra meM varNita aNuvratI - mahAvratI kI viziSTatAeM 5 - 8 veM guNasthAna kI avasthAoM ke sAtha sumela rakhate pratIta hote haiN| aNuvrata - mahAvrata ke tahata sAdhaka ke samyakatva saMbaMdhI AcaraNa hetu vyavasthAeM guNasthAna meM kahI gaI haiM aura tattvArtha sUtra meM inakA spaSTa varNana kiyA gayA hai| isa krama meM vratI do prakAra ke hote haiM- agArI (gRhastha) aura anagArI (tyaagii)| aNuvratI arthAt agArI tathA mahAvratI arthAt angaarii| AtmA samkatva ke sAtha uccatara guNasthAnoM meM bar3hate hue jina guNoM va vratoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai unheM vrata kahA hai| tattvArthasUtra ke 7veM adhyAya meM isa prakAra kahA gayA hai"hiMsAnRtasteyabrahmaparigrahebhyo virativratama ||1|| hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla aura parigraha se virata honA vrata hai| jaba jIva ina vratoM kA sampUrNarUpa se pAlana karatA hai to vaha mahAvratI kahalAtA hai| aNuvratI - mahAvratI kI kasauTI hetu pA~ca bhAvanAeM kahI gaI hai- tatsthairyArthaM bhAvanAH paJca paJca ||3|| 1. ahiMsAvrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAeM- IryA samiti, mano gupti, eSaNA samiti,AdAna-nikSepaNa samiti, tathA AlokitapAna bhojn| 2. satyavrata kI pA~ca bhAvanA bhASaNa, krodha pratyAkhyAna, lobha pratyAkhyAna, bhaya pratyAkhyAna nirbhayatA, tathA hAsya prtyaakhyaan| 3. acauryavrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAeM- anuvIciavagraha yAcana, abhIkSNaavagraha yAcana, avagrahAva dhAraNa, sAdhArmikaavagraha yAcana tathA anujJApitapAna bhojn| 4. brahmacaryavrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAeM. strI pazuSaNkasevita zayyAsana varjana, strI rAgakathA varjana, manoharendriyAvalokana varjana, parvarativilAsa smaraNa varjana tathA praNItarasa vrjn| 101

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5. aparigrahavrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAeM- rAga utpanna karane vAle sparza, rasa, gandha, rUpa aura zabda para na lalacAnA Adi aparigrahavrata kI pA~ca bhAvanAeM haiN| agArIvratI saMbaMdhI vidhAna1. ahiMsAdi pA~ca vratoM kA maryAdita pramANa meM paaln| 2. digvaritavrata, dezavirattivrata tathA apane bhogarUpa prayojana atirikta zeSa sampUrNa adharma vyApAra kA tyAga Adi tIna guNavrata dhAraNa krnaa| 3. sAmAyika, proSadhopavAsa, upabhoga paribhoga parimANa, tathA atithisaMvibhAga cAra zikSAvratoM kA paaln| 4. nirvAhaka va poSaka kAraNoM ko kama karate hue kaSAyAdi ko maMda kara saMlekhanA dhAraNa karanA- muni sAmAnyataH vartamAna zarIra ke aMta hone taka vrata dharaNa karate haiN| kintu grahastha bhI zraddhApUrvaka sampUrNataH isa vrata ko dhAraNa kara sakate haiN| aNavrata va mahAvratoM ke aticAraaticAra sAdhanA meM baMdhaka banate hue jIva ke guNasthAna ArohaNa kI gati ko patanonmukha banAte haiN| zaMkA, kAMkSA, vicikitsA, anyadRSTi prazaMsA, anyadRSTi saMstava ye pA~ca samyagdarzana ke aticAra haiN| tattvArtha sUtra meM varNita karma evaM unakI prakRtiyAMkarmoM kI 8 mUla prakRtiyAM haiM- jJAnAvaraNa(5), darzanAvaraNa(9), vedanIya(2)-,mohanIya(28), Ayu(4), nAma (42) gotra karma (2) aura antraay(-5)| saMvara ke pramukha ghaTaka - Azrava nirodhaH sNvrH| 1 / sa guptidhrmaanuprekssaapriisshjycaaritraiH| 2 / / Azrava nirodha (rukanA) hI saMvara hai| yaha saMvara gupti, samiti, dharma, anuprekSA, parISahajaya aura cAritra se hotA hai jo kAlAntara meM nirjarA kA nimitta banatA hai| saMvara kI yaha sthiti hI AtmA ko ucca samyaktva kI sthiti kI ora le jAtI hai| saMvara ke ina pramukha ghaTakoM kA vivecana nimnavata svarUpa meM kiyA jA sakatA hai(a) gupti- samyagyoganigraho guptiH|4| mana, vacana tathA kAya yoga kA prazasti nigraha hI gupti kA damana karanA kahalAtA hai arthAt soca-samajhakara va zraddhApUrvaka ina gupti yogoM ko dhAraNa karake azubhatA ko rokanA evaM inheM sanmArga para le jAnA hI sAdhanA ke mArga para agrasara honA hai| 102

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(A) samiti- IryobhASeSaNAdAnanikSepotsargAH smitiH|5| IryA, bhASA, eSaNA, AdAna-nikSepaNa aura utsarga ye pAMca prakAra kI samiti kahI gaI haiM jinakA anukaraNa sAdhaka munirAja karate haiN| anuprekSA-bhAvanAeM - anprekSAeM 12 haiM jinakA rAga-dveSa rahita gahana cintana utkRSTa sAdhaka Atma-zuddhi hetu karate haiN| anityAnuprekSA, azaraNAnuprekSA, saMsArAnuprekSA, ekatvAnuprekSA, anyatvAnuprekSA, azucitvAnuprekSA, AzravAnuprekSA, saMvarAnuprekSA, nirjarAnuprekSA, lokAnuprekSA, bodhidurlabhAnuprekSA aura dharmAstikhyAtatvAnuprekSA Adi tattvArtha sUtra meM varNita uparyukta bAraha anuprekSAe~ guNasthAna ke bhAvaliMgI pakSa kA arthAt 9-14veM guNasthAna kI ora Age bar3hane ke prAvadhAnoM ke samarUpa haiN| pariSahasAdhanA va tapascaryA kA vyavahAra mArga hI pariSaha haiM jinheM sama bhAvoM se sahate hue AtmA ko dRr3hatA ke patha para Age le jAyA jAtA hai| umAsvAmIjI tatatvArthasUtra ke nauve adhyAya meM kahate haiM-mArgAcvananirjarArtha pariSor3havyAH prisshaaH||8|| arthAt saMvara mArga se cyuta na hone ke lie evaM karmoM kI nirjarA hetu sahana karane yogya hoM ve pariSaha kahI gaI haiN| ye 22 haiN| kSuptipAsAzItoSNadaMzamazakanAgnyAratistrIcaryAniSadyAzayyAkrodhavadhayAcanAlAbharogatRNasparzamala stkaarpuruskaarprjnyaajnyaanaadrshnaani||7|| ina 22 pariSahoM kucha Apasa meM paraspara virodhI haiM yathA- zIta-uSNa, zayyA va caryA Adi jo eka sAtha saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH eka samaya meM AtmA adhikatama 19 pariSaha hI sahana karatA hai| ekAdayo bhAjyA yugapadekasminnaikona viNshiteH||17|| guNasthAna vikAsa krama meM ina pariSahoM kA sthAna 7vI - 9vI avasthA kI yogyAtAoM ke tahata rakhA jA sakatA hai| kisa gaNasthAna meM kitane pariSaha hote haiM? suukssmsaaNpraaychdmsthviitraagyoshcturdshH||10|| ekAdaza jine||11|| bAdarasAmparAye srve||12|| sUkSmasAmparAya nAmaka 10veM aura chadmastha vItarAga arthAt 11veM upazAntamoha tathA 12veM kSINamoha nAmaka guNasthAna meM 14 pariSaha hote haiM- kSudA, tRSA, zIta, uSNa, daMzamazaka, caryA, zayyA, vadha, alAbha, roga, tRNasparza, mala, prajJA aura ajnyaan| isalie kahA jAtA hai ki moha va yoga ke nimitta se hone vAlI Atma-pariNAmoM kI taratamatA ko guNasthAna kahate haiN| ayoga kevalI nAmaka 13veM guNasthAna meM ukta 14 meM se alAbha, prajJA va ajJAna ko chor3akara zeSa 11 pariSaha hI hote haiN| bAdara sAmparAya arthAta sthUla kaSAya vAle chaThaveM se 9veM guNasthAna taka sabhI pariSaha rahate haiM kyoMki isameM karmoM kA udaya kAraNabhUta hotA hai| 103

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kauna se pariSaha kisa karma ke udaya se hote haiM? jJAnAvaraNe prjnyaajnyaane||13|| drshnmohontraaylaabhau||14|| caaritrmohenaagnyaartistriinissdyaakroshyaacnaastkaarpuruskaar||15|| vedniiyeshessaaH||16|| jJAnAvaraNa karma ke udaya se prajJA aura ajJAna, darzanamohanIya aura antarAya karma ke udaya se kramazaH darzana aura alAbha, cAritramohanIya karma ke udaya se nAgnya, arati, strI, niSadyA, Akroza, yAcanA, satkAra-puruskAra(7) tathA vedanIya karma ke udaya se zeSa 11- kSudA, tRSA, zIta, uSNa, daMzamazaka, caryA, zayyA, vadha tRNasparza aura mala Adi pariSaha hote haiN| (i) samyaktva cAritra ke bheda(5)- samayaktva cAritra vyavahAranaya se sAdhanA kI vizuddhi kA zuddha sAdhana hai jo guNasthAna ke uccatama zikhara taka le jAne meM sahAyaka hotA hai| sAmAyika, chedopasthApana, parihAra vizuddhi, sUkSma tathA yathAkhyAti cAritra Adi tattvArtha sUtra meM isake 5 upabheda kaha gae haiN| guNasthAna evaM nirjarA kA parimANasamyagdRSTi, paJcamaguNasthAnavartI zrAvaka, virata(muni), anantAnubandhI kI kaSAyoM kI virAdanA karane vAlA, darzanamoha kA kSaya karane vAlA, cAritra moha kA upazama karane vAlA, upazAnta moha vAlA, kSapakazreNI car3hatA huA, kSINamoha vAlA-12vAM guNasthAnavartI tathA jinendra bhagavAna ina sabake pariNAmoM kI vizuddhatA kI adhikatA se Ayu karma ko chor3akara pratisamaya asaMkhyAtaguNI nirjarA hotI rahatI hai| karma nirjarA ke prasaMga kI 10 sthitiyoM ko tattvArtha sUtra ke 9veM adhyAya meM isa prakAra kahA gayA haisamyagdRSTi-zrAvaka viratAnanta-viyojaka-darzanamoha, kSapakopazamakopazAnta-mohakSapaka kSINamoha jinAH krmshosNkhyey-gunnnirjraa||4511 samyagdRSTi, zrAvaka, virata, ananta viyojaka, darzana moha kSapaka (cAritra moha) upazamaka, upazAnta (cAritra) moha, kSapaka aura kSINa moha Adi avasthAeM uparyukta sUtra meM spaSTa kI gaI haiM jinakI samAnatA guNasthAna ke sopAnoM ke sAtha eka sImA taka kI jA sakatI hai| yadi ananta viyojaka ko apramattasaMyata, darzanamohakSapaka ko apUrvakaraNa, upazamaka (cAritra moha) ko anivRttikaraNa aura kSapaka ko sUkSma samparAya mAneM to guNasthAna ke sAtha inakI tulanA kI jA sakatI hai| kSapaka zreNI ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki darzanamohakSapaka kI sthiti apUrvakaraNa nAmaka AThaveM guNasthAna jaisI hai kintu samasyA yahA~ utpanna hotI hai ki AThaveM guNasthAna se kSapaka zreNI Arambha hotI hai jabaki tattvArthasUtra meM yahA~ darzanamoha kA pUrNa kSaya mAna liyA gayA hai| guNasthAnoM meM kSINamoha 12vA~ guNasthAna hai| 104

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tattvArthasUtra ke raciyatA umAsvAmijI saMbhavata: darzanamoha va cAritramoha donoM meM pahale upazama phira kSaya mAnate haiN| tapa- tapa se nirjarA va saMvara donoM hote haiN| vAsanAoM ko kSINa karane tathA samucita AdhyAtmika zakti kI sAdhanA ke lie zarIra, indriya va mana ko jina-jina upAyoM se tapAyA jAtA hai vaha tapa hai| tapa mukhyataH do prakAra ke haiM- bAhya tapa aura abhyantara tp| tapasA nirjarA ca||3|| bAhya tapa- jisameM zArIrika kriyAoM kI pradhAnatA ho ve bAhya tapa hai| anazana,avamaudarya yA unodarI, vRttiparisaMkhyAna, rasaparityAga, viviktazayyAzana aura kAyakleza Adi isake 6 bheda haiN| abhyantara tapa- AtmA ko zuddha karane vAle Antarika tapa abhyantara tapa kahalAte haiN| prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyAvRtti, svAdhyAya, vyutsarga aura dhyAna inake 6 bheda kahe haiN| prAyazcita tapa ke AlocanA, pratikramaNa, tadubhaya, viveka, cheda, parihAra aura upasthAna Adi 9 upa-bheda haiN| isI prakAra vinaya tapa ke 4 upa-bheda haiM- jJAna vinaya, darzana vinaya, cAritra vinaya aura ra viny| vaiyAvRtti tapa ke AcArya, upAdhyAya, tapasvI, zaikSya, glAna, gaNa, kula saMgha tathA manoja 10 upa-bheda haiN| svAdhyAya tapa ke vAcanA, pRcchanA, anuprekSA, AmnAya aura dharmopadeza Adi 5 bheda haiN| vyutsarga tapa ke 2 upa-bheda haiM- bAyopadhivyutsarga tathA aabhyontropdhivyutsrg| tathA dhyAna tapa ke 4 upa bheda haiM- Arta, raudra, dharma evaM zukla dhyaan| dhyAna evaM guNasthAnatattvArthasUtra meM varNita AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI jo dhyAnAdi sthitiyAM ullakhita haiM unakI bhI tulanA guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| dhyAna tapa kA mukhya lakSaNa hai citta ko roknaa| eka padArtha dhyAna uttama saMhananadhArI jIvoM ke hI hotA hai jisakA kAla anatarmahurta se adhika nahIM hotaa| guNasthAna ke ArohaNa-patana patha meM yaha dhayAna dene yogya hai| ArtadhyAna- aniSTa padArtha kA saMyoga hone para use dUra karane hetu bAra bAra vicAra karanA(aniSTa saMyoga), strI putrAdi kA viyoga hone para usake saMyoga ke bAra bAra cintA karanA(iSTa viyogaja), rogajanita pIr3A kA bAra bAra cintavana karanA(vedanAjanya) tathA AgAmI kAla sambandhI viSayoM kI prApti meM citta ko tallIna karanA(nidAnaja) Adi ArtadhyAna haiN| cauthe pA~caveM va chaThaveM guNasthAnoM meM inakI upasthiti hotI hai kintu chaThe guNasthAna meM nidAnaja dhyAna kA abhAva hotA hai| 105

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raudra dhyAna- hiMsA, jhUTha, corI aura viSaya saMrakSaNa (inameM evaM inase sambandhita sAdhana juTAne meM Ananda lenA) se utpanna huA dhyAna raudra dhyAna kahalAtA hai| yaha avirata (cauthe), dezavirata(pA~caveM) guNasthAnoM meM hotA hai| dharma dhyAna- AjJAvicaya(Agama kI pramANatA se artha kA vicAra karanA), apAyavicaya(saMsArI jIvoM ke duHkha kA tathA usase chUTane ke upAyoM kA ciMtavana karanA), vipAkavicaya(karma ke phala kA-udaya kA vicAra karanA) aura saMsthAnavicaya(loka ke AkAra kA vicAra karanA) dharma dhyAna ke lakSaNa kahe haiN| yaha cauthe guNasthAna se lekara saptama guNasthAna taka zreNI car3hane ke pahale taka hotA hai| zukla dhyAna- sAmAnyatayA dharma viziSTa dhyAna ko dharma dhyAna tathA zuddha dhyAna ko zukladhyAna kahA gayA hai| zukladhyAna ke 4 bheda haiM- arthAt pRthaktvavitarka (jisameM vitarka arthAt zrutajJAna aura vicAra donoM hoM) tathA ekatvavitarka(jo sirpha vitarka sahita hai)- ye pUrva jJAna dhArI zrutakevalI ke hI hotA hai| zeSa do meM zAmila haiM- sUkSmakAyayoga ke Alambana se hone vAlA sUkSmakriyApratipAti nAmaka zukladhyAna evaM vyutparatakriyAnivRti nAmaka zukladhyAna jisase AtmapradezoM meM parispanda paidA karane vAlI zvAsocchvAsa Adi samasta kriyAeM nivRta ho jAtI haiN| avirata, dezavirata, pramattasaMyata ina tIna guNasthAna kI avasthAoM meM dhyAna kI sthiti nimnavat rahatI haiArtadhyAna kA sadabhAva = tInoM avasthAo meM rahatA hai| raudra dhyAna = avirata va dezavirata avasthA meM hotA hai| dharma dhyAna = apramatta saMyata ko upazAnta kaSAya va kSINa kaSAya kI avasthA meM hotA hai| zakla dhyAna = upazAntaM kaSAya (upazAnta moha), kSINa kaSAya (kSINa moha) kI sthitiyoM meM hotA hai| tattvArtha sUtra meM 12veM - 14veM guNasthAna kI samakakSa avasthA kA vrnnnmohkssyaajjnyaandrshnaavrnnaantraaykssyaacckevlm|| 1- a. 10 / / mohanIya karma kA kSaya hone se antarmuhUrta ke lie kSINa kaSAya nAmaka 12vA~ guNasthAna pAkara eka sAtha jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa va antarAya kA kSaya hone se (4 ghAtiyA karma) kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai| jJAtavya hai ki mokSa (siddhatva kI prApti) kevalajJAna pUrvaka hI ho sakatI hai| samasta karma prakRtiyoM kA abhAva hI mokSa hai| aupazamakAdibhavyatvAnAM ca / / 3 / / anyatra kevalasamyaktvajJAnadarzanasiddhatvebhyaH ||4 || 106

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kSAyika samyaktva, kSAyika jJAna, kSAyika darzana, aura siddhatva ke atirikta aupazamika Adi bhAvoM kA abhAva hone se mokSa prakaTa hotA hai| 14 veM guNasthAna kI bhI yahI vizeSatA hai| tattvArtha sUtra meM siddhatva kI viziSTatAoM ke AdhAra para mukta jIva meM bheda kie gaye haiM mukta jIva meM bheda ke kAraNa nimna likhita sUtra dvArA spaSTa kie gae haiMkSetrakAlagatiliMgatIrthacAritrapratyekabuddhabodhitajJAnavagAhAntarasaMkhyAlpabahutvataH saadhyaaH|| 9 / / kSetra- vibhinna karma bhUmiyoM(bharata, airAvata aura videha kSetra) se siddha ho sakate haiN| kAla- avasarpiNI va utsarpaNI kAloM meM bhI siddha hote haiN| gati- koI siddha gati se tathA koI manuSya gati se siddha ho sakate haiN| liMga- bhAva bheda kA udaya navam guNasthAna taka hI rahatA hai ataH mokSa aveda avasthA meM hI hotA hai arthAt bhAvaliMga kI apekSA tInoM liMgoM se hI mokSa ho sakate haiM athavA dravya pulliMga se| tIrtha- koI tIrthaMkara ke sAtha tathA koI binA tIrthaMkara ke siddha hote haiN| isI prakAra koI tIrthaMkara kAla meM tathA koI tIrthaMkaroM ke mokSa jAne ke pazcAta(AmnAya) se siddha hote haiN| cAritra- sAmAnyatayA eka cAritra kintu bhUtapUrva naya kI apekSA se tIna cAritra se siddha hote buddhabodhita- koI saMsAra se svayaM virata hote haiM tathA koI kisI ke upadeza se| jJAna- koI eka jJAna se tathA koI bhUtapUrva naya kI apekSA se do tIna aura cAra jJAna se siddha hote haiN| avagAhanA-koI utkRSTa avagAhanA (pA~ca sau dhanuSa), koI madhyama avagAhanA tathA koI jaghanya(sAr3he tIna hAtha se kucha kama) avagAhanA se siddha hote haiN| antara- eka siddha se dUsare siddha ke madhya kA samaya antara kahalAtA hai jo jaghanya se eka samaya tathA utkRSTa se ATha samaya hai jabaki viraha kAla jaghanya se eka samaya tathA utkRSTa se cha mAha kA hai| saMkhyA- jaghanya se eka samaya meM eka hI jIva siddha hotA hai aura utkRSTatA se 108 jIva siddha ho sakate haiN| alpabahutva- samudra Adi jala kSetroM se thor3e siddha hote haiM aura videha kSetroM se adhik| yaha kalpanA bAhya bheda kI apekSA se hai jabaki AtmIya guNoM kI dRSTi se koI bheda nahIM hotaa| upasaMhAra 107

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tatvArthasUtra zailI para bauddha paramparA va yoga darzana vyavasthAoM kA bhI prabhAva ho sakatA hai| bauddha darzana meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI 4 bhUmiyAM, yogavaziSTha kI 7 sthitiyoM kI taraha umAsvAmikRta tatvArthasUtra meM Atmazuddhi kI 10 vidhi, caturvidhi va saptavidhi ko AdhAra banAyA gayA hai| tatvArthasUtra graMtha guNasthAna kI viSayavastu se kAphI kucha samAnatA rakhatA hai| AcArya kunda- kunda racita kasAya pAhur3a ke samAna tattvArthasUtra meM bhI guNasthAna nAma kA zabda nahIM milatA hai| kasAya pAhar3a meM upalabdha guNasthAna se sambandhita zabda mithyAdRSTi, samyag mithyAdRSTi (bhizra), avirata samyagdRSTi, dezavirata /viratA-virata (saMyamAsaMyama) , viratasaMyata upazAnta kaSAya evaM kSINa moha kI tulanA meM tattvArthasUtra meM samyag-mithyAdRSTi kI dhAraNA nahIM hai kintu anantaviyojaka nAma kI avadhAraNA hai jisakA kasAya pAhuDa meM abhAva hai| tattvArthasUtra meM varNita naitika vikAsa kI yAtrA niyatakrama meM jIva ke ArohaNa pravAha ko spaSTa karatI hai| isameM kahIM se bhI jIva ke patanonmukha hone kA vidhAna nahIM miltaa| jahA~ umAsvAmijI ne isa graMtha meM yaha mAnA hai ki upazama- upazAnta- kSapaNa va kSaya karma vizuddha kA sAdhana hai vahIM isakA khaNDana guNasthAna siddhAnta meM dekhane ko milatA hai yathAdasaveM guNasthAna meM jIva yadi niyata karmoM kA upazama karatA hai to gyArahaveM guNasthAna ko prApta hotA hai jo ki isa yAtrA meM patanonmukha hone kA aMtima sopAna hai aura yadi vaha dasaveM guNasthAna meM upazama kI jagaha una karmoM kA kSaya karatA hai to kSINa moha nAmaka 12veM guNasthAna meM ArohaNa kara letA hai jahA~ para yA jahA~ se Age patana kI sambhAvanAeM samApta ho jAtI hai tathA siddhAtma kI prApti nizcita ho jAtI hai| ***** 108

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adhyAya-7 dravyasaMgraha meM guNasthAnaka siddhAnta dravya saMgraha prAkRta sAhitya kA eka mahatvapUrNa graMtha hai| isameM jIva ke adhikAroM va sthitiyoM kA varNana hai|cuuNki guNasthAna kA sambandha bhI jIva se evaM isakI AdhyAtmika unnati-avanati kI dazAoM se hai isalie isa graMtha kA adhyayana prastAvita abhyAsa ke saMdarbha meM prAsaMgika ho jAtA hai| isame guNasthAnaka pratimAnoM kI zodha nimnavat rUpa meM kI gaI haibRhadadravyasaMgraha va guNasthAnaka sthitiyAM- Sadravya va paMcAstikAya kA nirUpaNa evaM chavbhedamidaM jiivaajiivppbheddodvvN| uttaM kAlavijuttaM NAdavvA paMca atthikAyA du||23|| dra. sN.|| ___ saMti jado teNede atthiti bhaNaMti jiNavarA jmhaa| kAyA iva baha desA tamhA kAyA ya atthi kAyA y||24||dr. sN.|| isa gAthA ke mAdhyama se jIvAdi chaH dravyoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai inameM kAla ke alAvA zeSa pA~ca astikAya haiM kAraNa jIva pudgala, dharma, adharma tathA AkAza ye pA~co dravya vidyamAna haiM isalie inheM asti mAnA jAtA hai| ye kAya ke samAna bahu pradezoM ko dhAraNa karate haiM isalie inako kAya (paMca + asti + kAya = pNcaastikaay)| jIvAdi ke nau adhikAroM kA sUcana - jIvo uvaogamao amutti kattA sdehprimaanno| bhottA saMsArattho siddho so vissasor3haDagaI ||2|| dra. sN.|| jo upayogamaya hai, nija zarIra ke barAbara hai, bhottA hai, saMsAra meM sthita hai, siddha hai aura svabhAva se Urdhvagamana karane vAlA hai, vaha jIva hai| caudaha jIva samAsoM kA varNana samaNA amaNA NeyA paMcendiya NimmaNA pare svve| bAdarasuhameiMdI savve pajjatta idarA y|| 12 || dra. sN.|| paMcendiya jIva saMjJI aura asaMjJI se do prakAra ke jAnane cAhie aura do indriya, tri-indriya, cau-indriya ye saba mana rahita asaMjJI haiN| ekendriya bAdara aura sUkSma do prakAra ke haiM aura ye pUrvokta sAtoM paryApta tathA aparyApta haiM aise 14 jIva samAsa haiN| caudaha guNasthAna aura caudaha mArgaNAsthAnoM kA varNana maggaNaguNaThANehi ya caudasahi havaMti taha ashuddhnnyaa| ___viNNeyA saMsArI savve suddhA hu suddhnnyaa|| 13 / / dra. sN.|| saMsArI jIva azuddha naya se caudaha mArgaNAsthAnoM se tathA caudaha guNasthAnoM se caudaha-caudaha prakAra ke hote haiM aura zuddha naya se to saba saMsArI jIva zuddha hI haiN| siddhajIva kA svarUpa aura jIva ke urdhavagati svabhAva kA varNana NikammA advaguNA kiMcUNA caramadehado siddhaa| / loyaggaThidA NiccA uppAdavaehiM sNjuttaa||14|| dra. sN.|| 109

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jo jIva jJAnAvaraNAdi ATha karmoM se rahita hai, samyaktva Adi ATha guNoM ke dhAraka haiM tathA aMtima zarIra se kucha kama haiM ve siddha haiM aura Urdhva gamana svabhAva se loka ke agrabhAga meM sthita haiM, nitya haiM tathA utpAda aura vyaya ina donoM se yukta haiN| ajIva dravyoM kA varNana ajjIvo puNa Neyo puggaladhammo adhamma aayaasN| kAlo puggala mutto rUvAdiguNo amutti sesA du||15|| dra. sN.|| pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza tathA kAla ina pA~coM ko ajIva jAnanA caahie| inameM pudgala to mUrtimAna hai| kyoMki rUpa Adi guNoM kA dhAraka hai| aura zeSa (bAkI) ke cAroM amUrta haiN| pudgala dravya ke lakSaNa saddo baMdho suhamoM thUlo sNtthaannbhedtmchaayaa| ujjodAdavasahiyA puggaladavvassa pajjAyA || 16 / / dra. sN.|| zabda, bandha, sUkSma, sthUla, bheda, tama chAyA, udyota aura Atapa Adi ye saba pudgala dravya ke paryAya hote haiN| yahA~ saddo baMdho kA artha rUpa, rasa gaMdhAdi cAra pudgala paryAyoM se liyA gayA hai| dharma dravya ke lakSaNa gaipariNayANa dhammo puggalajIvANa gamaNa shyaarii| toyaM jaha macchANaM acchaMtA Neva so nneii|| 17 / / dra. sN.|| pudgala va jIva ke gamana meM jo sahAyaka hai vaha dharma dravya hai jaise machalI ke gamana meM jala sahakArI hai| aura gamana na karane vAle pudgala va jIvoM ko dharma dravya kadApi gamana nahIM karAtA hai| adharma dravya ke lakSaNa ThANajudANa adhammo puggalajIvANa tthaannshyaarii| chAyA jaha pahiyANaM gacchaMtA Neva so dhrii||18|| dra. sN.|| sthita sahita jo pudgala aura jIva haiM unakI sthiti meM sahakArI kAraNa adharma dravya hai| jaise pathikoM kI sthita yA ThaharAva meM chAyA sahakArI hai| gamana karate hue jIva tathA pudgala ko adharma dravya nahIM ThaharAtA hai| AkAza dravya ke lakSaNa avagAsadANajoggaM jIvAdINaM viyANa aayaasN| jeNhaM logAgAsaM allogAgAsamidi duvihN||19|| dra. sN.|| dhammA dhammA kAlo puggalajIvA ya saMti jaavdiye| AyAse so logo tatto parado alogutto||20|| dra. sN.|| jo jIva Adi dravyoM ko avakAza dene vAlA hai vaha AkAza dravya hai| isake do bheda haiMlokAkAza va alokaakaash| dharma, adharma, kAla, pudgala va jIva ye pA~co dravya jitane AkAza meM haiM vaha to lokAkAza hai aura usa lokAkAza ke Age alokAkAza hai| 110

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kAla dravya ke lakSaNa davvaparivaharUvo jo so kAlo havei vvhaaro| pariNAmAdIlakkho vaTTaNalakkho ya paramaTTo||21|| dra. sN.|| loyAyAsapadese ikkike je ThiyA hu ikkikaa| rayaNANaM rAsI iva te kAlANu asNkhdvvaanni||22|| dra. sN.|| jo dravyoM ke parivartanarUpa pariNAmarUpa dekhA jAtA hai vaha to vyavahAra kAla hai aura vartanA lakSaNa kA dhAraka jo kAla hai vaha nizcaya kAla hai| jo lokAkAza ke eka-eka pradeza para ratnoM kI rAzi ke samAna paraspara bhinna hokara eka-eka sthita haiM ve kAlANu haiM aura asaMkhyAta dravya sapta tattva aura nau padArtha kA lakSaNa Asava baMdhaNa saMvara Nijjara mokkho sampuNapAvA je| jIvAjIvavisesA te vi samAseNa pbhnnaamo||28|| dra. sN.|| Azrava, baMdha, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa, puNya aura pApa ye sAta tattva tathA jIva va ajIva ke sAtha nau bheda-rUpa padArtha haiM / Azrava kA lakSaNa Asavadi jeNa kammaM pariNAmaNappaNo sa vinnnneo| bhAvAsavo jiNutto kammAsavaNaM paro hodi||29|| dra. sN.|| jisa pariNAma se AtmA ke karma kA Azrava hotA hai vaha bhAvAzrava hai tathA bhAvAzrava se bhinna jJAnAvaraNAdirUpa karmoM kA jo Azrava hai so dravyAzrava hai| baMdha ke bheda payadiha aNubhAgappadesabhedAdu caduvidho bNdho| jogA payaDipadesA ThidaaNubhAgA kasAyado hoti||33|| dra. sN.|| prakRti sthiti anubhAga va pradeza ye cAra prakAra ke baMdha haiN| inameM yogoM se prakRti tathA pradeza baMdha hote haiM aura kaSAyoM se sthiti tathA anubhAga baMdha hote haiN| saMvara kA lakSaNa cedaNapariNAmoM jo kammassAsavaNirohaNe hedu| so bhAvasaMvaro khalu davvAsavarohaNe annnno||34|| dra. sN.|| badasamidIguttIo dhammANupehA parIsahajao ya / cArittama bahubheyA NAyavvA bhaavsNvrvisesaa||35|| dra. sN.|| jo cetana kA pariNAma karma ke Azrava ko rokane kA kAraNa hai unako nizcaya se bhAvasaMvara kahate haiM aura jo dravyAsaMvara ko rokane meM kAraNa hai vaha dravya saMvara hai| bhAvasaMvara ke bhedoM meM zAmila haiM- pA~cavrata, pA~ca samiti, tIna gupti, daza-dharma, bAraha anuprekSA, 22 parISahoM kA jaya tathA aneka prakAra kA cAritra aadi| 111

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nirjarA kA lakSaNa jaha kAleNa taveNa ya bhuttarasaM kammapuggalaM jeNa / bhAveNa saDadi NeyA tassaDaNaM cedi NijjarA duvihaa||36|| dra. sN.|| jisa AtmA ke pariNAmarUpa bhAva se karmarUpI padagala phala dekara naSTa hote haiM vaha to bhAva nirjarA hai aura savipAka nirjarA kI apekSA se yathAkAla arthAt kAlalabdhirUpa kAla se tathA avipAka nirjarA kI apekSA se tapa se jo karmarUpa pudgaloM kA naSTa honA hai so dravya nirjarA mokSa kA lakSaNa savvasa kammaNo jo khayahedu appaNo hu prinnaamo| Neyo sa bhAvamokkho davvalimukkho ya kmmpuhbaavo||37|| dra. sN.|| jIvAdisaddahaNaM sammattaM rUvamappaNo taM tu| durabhiNivesavimukkama NANaM sammaM khu hodi sadi jmhi||41|| dra. sN.|| saba karmoM kA nAza kA kAraNa jo AtmA kA pariNAma hai vaha bhAvamokSa hai aura karmoM kI jo AtmA se sarvathA bhinnatA hai vaha dravya mokSa hai| sammaiMsaNaNANaM caraNaM mokkhassa kAraNaM jANe - arthAt samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna va samyaga cAritra ye tInoM mokSa ke kAraNa haiN| jIvAdi tattvoM yA padArthoM meM zraddhAna samyaktva hai| puNya-pApa prakRti kA lakSaNa suhaasuhabhAvajuttA puNNaM pAvaM havaMti khalu jiivaa| sAdaM suhAu NAmaM godaM puNNaM parANi pAvaM c||38|| dra. sN.|| zubha-azubha pariNAmoM se yukta jIva puNya aura pApa rUpa hote haiN| sAtA-vedanIya zubha Ayu, zubha nAma tathA ucca gotra nAmaka karmoM kI jo prakRtiyAM haiM ve to puNya prakRtiyAM haiM aura anya saba pApa prakRtiyAM haiN| ayogakevalI guNasthAna kI nirvikalpa sthiti jaM sAmaNNaM gahaNaM bhAvANaM Neva kmaayaa| avisesadUNa aDhe dasaNamidi bhaNNae sme||43|| dra. saM. yaha zakla hai, yaha kRSNa hai, yaha nIla hai ityAdi padArthoM ko bhinna bhinna na karake padArthoM kA sAmAnya rUpa sattAvalokana kA grahaNa paramAgama darzana kI sthiti hai| jIva ajIva dharma adharma AkAza aura kAla ye dravya ke lakSaNa kahe gae haiN| dravya saMgraha kI pahalI gAthA meM kahA gayA hai jIvo uvao gamao amutti kattA sadeha primaanno| bhottA saMsArattho siddho so vissaso ddhNgii|| isI krama meM AtmA bhI tIna prakAra kI mAnI gaI haiM- bahirAtmA(mithyAdRSTi), antarAtmA(samyagdRSTi) aura paramAtmA (srvdrshii)| 112

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paMca parameSThI NamokAra mahAmaMtra evaM Atma vizuddhi kI avasthAeM (guNasthAnaka vikAsa avasthAeM) Namo arihNtaannN| Namo siddhaannN| Namo aayriyaannN| Namo uvjhaayaannN| Namo loe savva saahnnN| jaina darzana meM mahAmaMtra ke rUpa meM pratiSThita 5 pada va 35 akSaroM se zobhita NamokAra maMtra meM sAdhaka-sAdhanA kI dRSTi se guNasthAnaka samarUpa sthitiyAM parilakSita hotI haiN| yahA~ aMtima pA~cavI avasthA- sarva sAdhu hai jo Atma sAdhanA kI utkRSTa kintu Arambhika avasthA hai jo samyaktva sahita hai| ise abhyAsa sopAna (sAdhanA yA sIkhane kI dazA) meM pA~caveM guNasthAna se lekara AThaveM guNasthAna kA pUrvArddha dekha sakate haiN| isa kramika sopAna para kSullaka evaM ailaka sAdhu va AryikAeM Adi ko rakhA jAtA hai| cauthI avasthA meM upAdhyAya munigaNa Ate haiN| yahA~ sAdhaka svayaM to utkRSTa sthiti meM pahu~catA hI hai sAtha hI sAtha AcArya ke nirdeza para sAdharmI ko vAtsalya bhAva se isI puruSArtha patha(indriya jaya) para calane hetu Avazyaka yogya saiddhAntika va vyAvahArika jJAna se paripakva banAtA hai| tIsarI avasthA sAdhanA zreNI kI vaha utkRSTa sthiti hai jisa para muni vicaraNa karate haiN| isa zreNI ke sAdhaka AcArya pada kI garimA se suzobhita hote haiN| isake pazcAta ke Atma-sAdhaka ke lie sAdhanA va paruSArtha heta kacha bhI bAkI nahIM raha jaataa| sAre karma bandhana jalI haI rassI kI bhA~ti jIrNa- zIrNa ho cuke hote haiM kSINamoha nAmaka 12veM guNasthAna kI bhaaNti| basa taiyArI rahatI hai isake agale caraNa se aMtima caraNa (mokSa-dhyeya siddhi) ke nikaTa pahu~cane kii| dUsarI pada sthiti meM pahu~cane se pUrva jIva sAdhanA prakriyA ke daramyAna pahale arihaMta avasthA ko prApta hotA hai jahA~ jIva ke sAre saMkalpa-vikalpa samApta ho jAte haiN| rAga-dveSAdi bhAvoM se rahita vaha jIva mAtra kevalajJAna puMja svarUpa rahatA hai basa deha-doSa hI zeSa raha jAtA hai sayoga kevalI nAmaka guNasthAna kI trh| dUsare krama kI siddhAvasthA kevalI ke dehAtIta hote hI prApta hotI hai jisameM AtmA janma-maraNa ke jhaMjhaTa se hamezA ke lie chUTakara paramAtmA meM lIna ho jAtI hai| navakAra maMtra va guNasthAna: udAharaNa dvArA spaSTIkaraNajisa prakAra laukika jagata meM zaikSika yogyatA yA DigriyoM kA uccatara ArohaNakrama hai yathA iNTara, snAtaka, anusnAtaka, vidyAvAcaspati tathA atima mukAma arthAt mNjil| ThIka isI krama meM navakAra maMtra ke pA~ca padoM ko guNasthAnaka ArohaNa sthiti krama ke saMdarbha meM samajhA jA sakatA hai| 113

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sAdhu parameSThI- samyaktva cAritra kI Arambhika sIr3I jahA~ jIva vairAgya Adi bhAvoM se zikSita hokara 11 pratimAyuta 28 mUlaguNadhArI sAdhupada ko grahaNa karatA hai| yaha iNTara ke samakakSa bhAvI AdhAra ko majabUta karatI Arambhika avasthA kA sUcaka hai| isakI tulanA cauthe-pA~caveM gaNasthAnaka sthiti ke sAtha kI jA sakatI hai| muni sAdhanA ko Age bar3hAte hue 11 aMga va 14 pUrvo kA pAThI 25 mUlaguNadhArI muni upAdhyAya parameSThI banatA hai snAtaka kI bhaaNti| yaha vAtsalya bhAva ke sAtha sAdhu parameSThiyoM ko adhyApana karAtA hai| mani sAdhanA meM paripakva hote hue vaha 36 mUlaguNadhArI cArya pada grahaNa kara muni yA sAdhu dIkSA dene kI yogyatA va dAyitva ko grahaNa karatA hai| sa avasyatA ko nasnAtaka samakakSa samajhA jA sakatA hai| AcArya apanI sAdhanA ko Age bar3hAte hue ghAtiyA karmoM kA nAza kara dete hai aura mokSa mArga ke netA kahalAte haiN| ye arihaMta parameSThI 46 mUlaguNadhArI hote haiN| yaha vikAsa kI aMtima puruSArtha siddhi kI avasthA hai jise vidyAvAcaspati samakakSa mAnA jA sakatA hai| jaba arihaMta parameSThI yoga nirodha ke dvArA dehAtIta bhAva se yuta hokara paramasukha kI siddhAvasthA meM avasthita ho jAte hai to unheM siddha parameSThI kahA jAtA hai| yaha hai sAdhakasAdhanA kA lakSyAMkita mukAma jahA~ dhyAna-dhyAtA va dhyeya ke madhya koI bheda nahIM raha jaataa| ***** 114

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adhyAya - 8 gaNasthAna kA manovaijJAnika vizleSaNa AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI yAtrA jIva ke pariNAma (bhAvoM) evaM vyavahAra ke AdhAra para calatI hai kintu isameM bhAvoM kI pradhAnatA adhika hotI hai| isa vikAsa yAtrA ke utkRSTa sopAnoM meM bhAva zuddhi hI Atma vizuddhi kA sAdhana mAtra raha jAtI hai| manovaijJAnika AdhAroM meM cetanA yA avabodhana, puruSArtha ke prati rujhAna arthAt manovRtti va mUlya ,puruSArtha evaM karma janita bhAvoM kI tIvratA arthAta saMvega, karmakSaya ke puruSArtha kI zailI arthAt vyaktitva, Age bar3hane hetu preraNAtmaka ghaTakoM kA niyatakrama yA abhipreraNa, Atmika yA Antarika saMgharSa, dRr3hatA, manovegoM kI prabhAvazIlatA tathA usa para niyantraNa kA Atmabala va damana- kSaya kI zakti, samyak mArga meM vizvAsa, dhyAna kA sva kI ora kendrIyakaraNa, ekAgratA va aham rahita naitika Adarza Adi pahaluoM ko vizleSaNa kI dRSTi se sammilita kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA guNasthAnoM ke sAtha inakI sApekSatA ko sthApita kiyA jA sakatA hai| prAcIna jainAgamoM meM AtmA kI naitika va AdhyAtmika utkrAnti ko guNasthAna paddhati dvArA spaSTa kiyA gayA hai jo vikAsa yAtrA ke sAdhana svarUpa meM vibhinna manobhUmiyoM ke citraNa se paripUrNa haiN| jIva ke karmoM kA bandha, udIraNArUpI puruSArtha, karmakSaya yA nirjarA sambandhI manobhAvoM kA pariNAma hai| mohAzakti kI utkaTatA, maMdatA evaM abhAva kI sthitiyAM guNasthAna vikAsa kI apekSA se jIva ke mana yA bhAvoM se eka hada taka jur3I mAnI jA sakatI hai jisake calate jIva samyaka jJAna (darzana moha) va naitika AcaraNa (cAritra moha) se vilaga rahatA hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI isa yAtrA meM ajJAna, saMzaya, manovikAra, sva tathA svArtha prerita puruSArtha ke dAyare (gItA ke anusAra- karma phala kI AkAMkSA va tAmasI vRtti) tathA lakSya kI tarapha preraka siddhi kI dRr3hatA kA abhAva Adi bAdhaka kAraka haiM jo mukhyataH mana kA viSaya haiN| vyakti 'maiM' para kendrita hokara kaSAyAdi pariNAmoM ko havA detA hai tathA merA - terA ke aham janita saMgharSa meM nija svarUpa kI ora unmukha nahIM hotaa| saMyoga pAkara usake bhAva 'maiM ' se 'hama' meM paravartita hote haiM jahA~ zubhAzubha pariNAmoM para AdhArita "parasparopagrahojIvAnAm" kI taraha 'kalyANa' kI anubhUti rahatI hai kintu ye bhI karma bandha ke kAraka haiM bhale hI ve zubha kyoM na hoM phira bhI yaha mukti kA sAdhana nahIM ho skte| isake lie to 'zUnyatA' kI ora tejI se bar3hanA hotA hai tathA usI meM nirvikalpa hokara ekAgra yA sthira honA par3atA hai| isakI prabhAvazIlatA kA vyAvahArika paTala se jur3A eka udAharaNa dekheM to svAmI vivekAnanda kA 115

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zikAgo sammelana meM 'zUnya ' para diyA gayA vaha vaktavya smRti paTala para aMkita ho jAtA hai jisane sampUrNa vizva ko jhakajhora kara rakha diyaa| kahane kA Azaya yaha hai ki nirvikArI zUnyatA arthAta niyantrita va kSaya kI jA cukI manovRttiyAM hI jIva kI AdhyAtmika pUrNatA kA dyotaka siddha ho sakatI haiN| pramakha manovaijJAnika AdhAroM kI sApekSatA krama meM gaNasthAna kI vyAkhyA - 1. avabodhana (Perception) avabodhana kA artha hai- jJAna, samajha yA zraddhAna jo kisI tattva ke (jIvAdi sapta tattva) sApekSa hotA hai| sAmAnya taura para isa niyata samajha ke pIche usakA jJAna yA ajJAna pramukha kAraka hotA hai| yahA~ tattva bodha kI pramukha sthitiyAM isa prakAra ho sakatI haiM yathA- tattva yA vastu kA jo svarUpa hai use niSpakSatA yA taTasthatA ke sAtha usI rUpa meM samajhanA tathA usake ekAneka rUpoM ko sviikaarnaa| umAsvAmIkRta tatvArtha-sUtra ke guNa paryayaH vddrvyN||38|| nAmaka sUtra ke dvArA isakI puSTi kI jA sakatI hai| isa prakAra ke bodha ko samyak bodha kahA jAtA hai| avabodhana AcaraNa (cAritra yA vyavahAra) kI dizA nirdhArita karane meM mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA nibhAtA hai| tattva ke prati sama-dRSTipUrNa yA yathArtha samajha ko samyakatva kahA jA sakatA hai| guNasthAna vikAsa ke krama meM yaha sthiti caturtha guNasthAna meM milatI hai| avabodhana kI ajJAna dazA meM jIva ko vastu yA tattva kA yathArtha bodha nahIM ho paataa| vaha sat-asat meM bheda karane meM asamartha hotA hai| yaha sthiti mithyAtva nAmaka prathama guNasthAna meM rahatI hai| mithyAtva ke upabheda jar3atA kI sthiti ko lekara kiye jAte haiN| yahA~ avabodhana kI bhrama-vibhrama jaisI sthitiyoM ko sApekSa rakhakara aura adhika spaSTatA kI jA sakatI hai| yathA - mohAzakti va bhautika padarthoM meM sacce sukha kI kAmanA evaM ajJAna ke calate kugurU, kudeva va kudharma meM zraddhAna jar3atA yA mUr3hatA kA pratIka hai jisameM jIva ko apane bhale-bure kA bheda samajha nahIM aataa| - mithyAtvI jIvoM kI jaghanya sthiti mUrchA hai jisameM samajha va cetanA kA sarvathA abhAva pAyA jAtA hai| jaina darzana meM aise jIvoM ko nigodiyA sUkSma jIvoM kI zreNI meM rakhA gayA hai jo ananta kAla taka isase bAhara nahIM nikala paate| - avabodhana kI eka anya sthiti bhrama hai jisake calate kArya-samajha para AvaraNa (jJAnAvaraNa) A jAtA hai aura vyakti asat ko hI sat mAnakara mithayAtva meM zraddhAna kara baiThatA hai arthAt vastu kucha aura hai use samajhA kucha aur| 116

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isa uparokta mithyAtva kI tIvratA usa samaya aura adhika bar3ha jAtI hai jaba vaha isa samajhe hue asat ko sat sAbita karane kA haThAgraha dhAraNa kara letA hai evaM isameM duSpravRtta ho jAtA hai| avabodhana kI eka anya sthiti vibhrama hai jisameM jIva kI bhogAsakti va para padArthoM yA bhautika padArthoM ke prati lAlasA itanI tIvra hotI haiM ki mithyAtvI mRgamArIcikA kI ora usakA rujhAna isa kadara gaharAtA jAtA hai ki vaha usa tattva ke na hone para bhI usakI upasthiti kA zraddhAna kara baiThatA hai- svapanila dazA kI bhA~ti / isI vibhrama-janita patha kA andhAnukaraNa karate hue mana va buddhi para niyantraNa ga~vA kara mithyAtva ke daladala meM pha~satA calA jAtA hai| avabodhana kI bhrama-vibhrama nAmaka sthitiyAM patonmukhI tRtIya mizra va dvitIya sAsAdana guNasthAna meM dekhane ko milatI haiN| saMzaya hone para hI vaha samyakatva se patita hotA hai tathA mohAsakti va vibhrama ke calate sAsvAdana guNasthAna meM giratA huA mithyAtva guNasthAna ko prApta hotA hai| AThaveM apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna se yadi AtmA upazama zreNI kA Azraya lekara gyArahaveM upazAnta moha guNasthAna taka bar3hatI hai to AtmA usI krama meM patonmukha hotI huI nIce kI ora giratI hai jisa krama meM ArohaNa kiyA thA jabaki kSapaka zreNI kA Azraya lekara gyArahaveM guNasthAna ko sparza kiye binA kSINamoha nAmaka bArahaveM guNasthAna meM pahu~catI hai| kSapaka zreNI samyaktvI dRr3hatApUrNa avabodhana ke pariNAma svarUpa prApta hotI hai jisameM aMtima lakSya kI siddhi yA karma mukti sunizcita ho jAtI hai jabaki upazama zreNI samyaktvI avabodhana kI asthAyI dRr3hatA kA pratIka hai jisameM upazama kiye gaye kaSAyAdi vAsanAtmaka vikArI pariNAma punaH sakriya hokara jIva ko patonmukhI banA sakate haiN| jIva isa sthiti meM kisI bhI guNasthAna se samyak avabodhana se yuta hokara punaH kSAyakatva grahaNa karake zAzvata lakSya kI ora gati kara sakatA hai| jisa prakAra mUrcchA, mUr3hatA va ajJAna mithyAtvI tIvratA yA mohAndhakArI avabodhana kA pratIka hai ThIka isake viparIta terahaveM caudahaveM guNasthAna meM kevalajJAnarUpI AbhA ke svarUpa meM samyaktavI avabodhana kI parAkASThA va isase janita sukhada anubhUti ke darzana hote haiN| noTa- bhAMnti se yukta vyaktiyoM meM upayukta avabodhana ke abhAva meM samyagdarzana ke pA~ca aticAra hone kI saMbhAvanA banI rahatI hai| aticAra ajJAna rahita avabodha kA pariNAma hai jabaki anAcaraNa asata, haThAgraha ke calate sthAna letA hai| 117

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manovRtti evaM mUlya-(Attitude and Values) maoNrgana ne prayogoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kiyA hai ki abhivRtti eka prakAra kA pUrvAgraha hai jo anukUla, pratikUla va taTastha rUpa meM kisI ghaTanA yA bAta para prakSepita hotA hai| saMvegoM kI mUla pravRtti ke sRjana meM inakI bhUmikA mahatvapUrNa hotI hai| abhivRtti ko arjita vizvAsa kI saMjJA bhI dI jAtI hai| isameM parivartana saMbhava hai| ye bhAvoM kI dazA- dizA taya karane meM kendrIya sthiti meM hote haiN| manovRtti evaM mUlya vyakti kI soca va vyavahAra ko nirdezita karate haiM- manovRtti kA rujhAna yA jhukAva / anya zabdoM meM manovRtti ko vaha sthAyI mAnasika dhAraNA kahA jA sakatA hai jo Asaktivaza usake dvArA vastu yA tattva vizeSa ke saMdarbha meM bA~dhI gayI ho aura isI se sambaddha haiM mUlya avadhAraNA / jaise eka lAyabreriyana kI dRSTi meM sabhI grantha samAna haiM athavA kImata, zIrSaka va anya kisI AdhAra para zreNIkRta hai kintu saMzodhaka -vidyArthI ke lie usake mUlyAnurUpa nihita uddezya evaM artha hai jisakA viziSTa mahatva ho sakatA hai| mUlyoM ke calate hI vyakti kisI vastu kI ahamiyata kA AMkalana karatA hai yathA dharmAnurAgI vyakti ke liye prAcIna zAstra amUlya dharohara ho sakatI hai vahIM Arthika mUlyadhArI usI vastu ko amUlya mAnatA hai jisameM apekSAkRta lAbhArjana kA pramANa adhika ho| vastutaH yahA~ vastu kA svayaM meM koI mUlya va mahatva nahIM hotA apitu mUlya yA sthAna nirdhArita hotA hai vyakti meM rahe una zAzvata mUlyoM se jo usakI tarka zakti ko niyata dizA-nirdeza pradAna karate haiM / isa prakAra mUlya va manonRtti donoM hI mana pradhAna ghaTaka haiM jo Antarika bhAvoM evaM bAhya vyavahAra ko pramANita karate haiN| manovRtti ko tIna bhAgoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai 2 a- sakArAtmaka manovRtti AtmA zubha va kalyANakArI pravRttiyoM meM rata ho sakatI hai| ba- nakArAtmaka manovRtti- yaha dveSa bhAva se prerita mAnasika jhukAva hai jisameM kaSAyAdi pariNAmoM kI tIvratA rahatI hai phalasvarUpa pApa karma kA baMdha hotA hai| sa- taTastha manovRtti - yaha rAga dveSa rahita manovRtti mAnI jAtI hai isameM sabhI kriyAaiM ( yogika kriyAaiM ) niSkriya ho jAtI haiN| yaha moha-Asakti va rAgAtmaka jhukAva se prerita haiN| isameM manovRtti ke ina upa-bhAgoM kA prabhAva guNasthAnoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai jaise- kaSAya, vAsanA, dveSa va kRSNa, nIla, kApota lezyA janita pariNAmoM se jIva samyakatva rahita guNasthAnoM arthAta, mithyAtva, sAsAdana va mizra guNasthAnoM ko prApta hotA hai| isake atirikta yadi AtmA karma vizuddhi ke mArga para upazama vidhi ko apanAkara gyArahaveM 118

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guNasthAna taka pahu~catA hai to vahA~ bhI antarmuhurta kI asthAI upazAnta sthiti ke pazcAta ina zamita nakArAtmaka manovRtti janita pariNAmoM kA punaH prakaTIkaraNa ho jAtA hai aura vaha patonmukhI gati karatA hai| sakArAtmaka manovRtti moha, rAgAdi bhAva evaM zubha-puNya karmoM kI ora jIva ko prerita karane meM sahAya-rUpa hotI hai| isa taraha kA rujhAna rakhane vAle jIva ke yadyapi anantAnubandhI kaSAya kI tIvratA nahIM hotI phira bhI AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI isa yAtrA ko aMtima mukAma taka pahu~cane meM moha rUpa karma prakRtiyA~ bAdhaka ho sakatI haiN| sakArAtmaka soca vAlA sAdhaka sva ke sAtha-sAtha sAdharmI jIvoM ke prati sahayoga kA bhAva rakhate hue kalyANonmukhI banatA hai| usake AcaraNa meM sat kA prabhAva dekhane ko milatA hai| yaha AtmA dhIre-dhIre utkrAMti dvArA taTasthatA kI ora bar3hane kI mAnasika paripakvatA hA~sila karane kA prayAsa karatI hai| isakI tulanA gItA meM varNita rajo-satvaguNa avasthA se kI jA sakatI hai| sakArAtmakatA naitika yA cAritrika jaise vyavahArika pahalU se sarokAra rakhatI hai| ataH guNasthAna vikAsa krama kI apekSA se isa manovRtti janita bhAva kI upasthiti caturtha guNasthAna ke uttarArddha se dasaveM guNasthAna taka dekhI jA sakatI hai| jaise-jaise AtmA Upara ke guNasthAnoM meM ArohaNa karatA hai vaise-vaise isa kalyANakArI vRtti kA vistAra kama hotA jAtA hai aura usI pramANa meM taTasthatA pUrNa manovRtti kA prabhAva jIva kI yAtrA ke utkRSTa sopAnoM meM dikhatA hai| bArahaveM kSINamoha guNasthAna meM sakArAtmaka manovRtti kI alpAzaM jhalaka milatI hai| terahaveM evaM caudahave guNasthAnoM meM sakArAtmaka va nakArAtmaka manobhAvoM kA sarvathA abhAva ho jAtA hai aura raha jAtI hai nirvikalparUpa taTastha manovRtti jisameM na icchA hai aura na cNcltaa| isI prakAra isa AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI yAtrA meM mUlyoM ke prabhAva ko samajhA jA sakatA hai| vyakti ke jIvana arthAta soca evaM vyavahAra ke pratimAna jisa Antarika vRtti ke AdhAra para saMcAlita hote haiM unheM mUlya kahA jAtA hai| ye mUlya use vazAMnugata virAsata yA vAtAvaraNa se milate haiM jise nimitta, niyati yA pUrva janmoM kA karma phala mAnA jA sakatA hai vahIM acchA saMyoga sadabuddhI pAkara vyakti apane evaM dUsaroM ke hita saMrakSaNa kI AkAMkSA se puruSArtha davArA sad mUlyoM kA vikAsa kara letA hai| ye mUlya hI usakI soca ko eka niyata dizA pradAna karate haiN| isake mAdhyama se vyakti apane manobhAvoM para niyantraNa karatA hai aura apanI jIvana caryA ko eka viziSTa tarIke se saMcAlita karatA hai| eka manovaijJAnika avadhAraNA hai ki vyakti meM sat-asat donoM hI prakAra ke mUlyoM kA samuccaya hotA hai kintu samaya vizeSa para kauna sA mUlya adhika kriyAzIla hogA isakA nirUpaNa usake vyavahAra meM dRSTigocara hone lagatA hai| manovijJAna meM vibhinna mUlya vibheda ke udAharaNa haiM yathA 119

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dhArmika yA AdhyAtmika mUlya -naitika mUlya yA paramArtha mUlya kalAtmaka mUlya - Arthika mUlya aadi| mUlya pradhAnatA ke AdhAra para hI sAdhaka tattvAdi ke saMdarbha meM avalokana va bodha grahaNa karatA hai evaM tadAnurUpa hI cAritra patha kA anusaraNa karatA hai| mUlya manovRttiyoM kI dRr3hatA meM bhI sahAyaka haiN| guNasthAnaka vikAsa ke saMdarbha meM mUlyoM kI bhUmikA ko dekheM to kahA jA sakatA hai ki asat va zubhAzubha pariNAma prerita sAMsArika mUlyoM kI upasthita vyakti ko samyakatva se nIce ke tIna guNasthAnoM (mithyAtva, mizra va sAsAdana) kI ora le jAne kA kAraka yA nimitta banatI hai jabaki AdhyAtmika va naitika mUlyoM kI pradhAnatA use caturtha guNasthAna se Upara ke guNasthAnoM kI ora gati karAne meM sahAyaka hotI hai| mUlya abhivRtti kI dRr3hatA ke kAraNa ko mor3ane kA sAmarthya rakhate haiN| ina para saMskAra aura vAtAvaraNa kA prabhAva hotA hai| mUlyoM ke sRjana va sAmanjasya ke mizraNa para vAtAvaraNa kA itanA prabhAva hotA hai ki ve mAnasika dvaMda va saMgharSoM ko jhelane meM caTTAna kA kArya karate haiN| mulya hI Atmabala, vizvAsa va cAritra vyavahAra ko dRr3ha banAte haiM aura isake sahAre taya hote haiM AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA ke sopaan| 3. abhipreraNa kI vicAradhArAeM- (Theories of Motivation) manovijJAniyoM kA mAnanA hai ki koI bhI vyakti yadi kisI kArya meM zArIrika-mAnasika rUpa se saMlagna hotA hai to usake pIche preraNA pradAna karane vAle jo ghaTaka haiM ve haiM AvazyakatA, vAtAvaraNa aura sthApita vyvsthaaeN| yahA~ abhipreraNa kI sarvAdhika pracalita tIna pramukha vicAradhArAoM ke sAtha gaNasthAna ke manovaijJAnika pakSa kA vizleSaNa karanA nyAya saMgata hogaa| (a) mAslo kI AvazyakatA-krama abhipreraNa vicAradhArA Atmika aham sAmAjika AvazyakatAeM surakSAtmaka AvazyakatAeM zArIrika AvazyakatAe~ citraH- mAslo kI AvazyakatA-krama abhipreraNa vicAradhArA 120

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mAslo AvazyakatA-krama vicAradhArA meM spaSTatA karate haiM ki AvazyakatAeM kaI prakAra kI hotI haiM jinheM unhoMne uparokta pA~ca vibhAgoM meM zreNIkRta kiyA hai| ApakA mata hai ki vyakti eka niyata krama meM hI apanI vibhinna AvazyakatAoM ko pUrA karane hetu udyata hotA hai| nimnastarIya arthAta buniyAdI dehika AvazyakatAeM usake prAthamika krama meM rahatI haiM usake pazcAta vaha apanI ucca AvazyakatAoM ( Avazyaka, pratiSThAparaka evaM Atma saMtuSTI ) kI ora agrasara hotA hai| isa vikAsa yAtrA patha meM vaha sva se sarva kI ora gati karatA huA nirlipta va nirvikArI nijAtma para pahu~cane hetu puruSArthabaddha ho jAtA hai| jyoM-jyoM UparI AvazyakatAeM preraNA kA srota banatI haiM tyoM-tyoM usake bhautika parimANa meM kamI hotI jAtI hai| sva se sarva evaM punaH sva kI ora unmukhatA kucha isa taraha cakrita hotI hai (sAMsArikatAlakSI) sva => sarva _=> sva (nijAtma kendrita) Arambhika sva kI avasthA vaha ayathArtha bAhya pratirUpaNa hai jahA~ vyakti apane niyata dAyaroM meM hI simaTA rahatA hai evaM jisameM bhautikavAditA, svArthaparitA tathA rAga-dveSI AkAMkSAeM pramukha preraka hotI haiN| isakI tulanA mithyAtvI va mizra guNasthAnaka viziSTatAoM se kara sakate haiN| sarva ko kalyANakArI avasthA kA pratIka mAnA jA sakatA hai| jIva yahA~ parahita va zubha pravRttiyoM meM rata hokara yadyapi vikAsa ke kucha sopAna avazya car3hatA hai kintu vizuddhi mArga ko prApta nahIM ho paataa| isameM eka mizra rUpa parilakSita hotA hai| isakI tulanA bAhya zuddhi kI viziSTatA vAle pA~caveM-chaThaveM guNasthAna se kara sakate haiN| aMtima sva paramAtma svarUpa kI siddhi hetu Atma pradezoM ko yadyapi niyata dAyare meM hI sameTa letA hai kintu yahA~ kaSAya va rAga-dveSAdi pariNAma nahIM hote| isIlie yahA~ sAdhaka nijAtma kI ora Antarika rUpa se sva kendrita hokara yathArtha bodha ko prApta ho pAtA hai| isa prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki ye tInoM avasthAeM prathaka rUpa ke abhipreraka haiN| guNasthAna AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA ke sopAnoM se yadi isakI tulanA kareM to hama kaha sakate haiM ki prathama do avasthAeM samyakatva ke nIce vAle guNasthAna se sarokAra rakhatI haiM jo bhautikatA va sAMsArikatA kA viSaya hai / sAmAjikatA yA paramArthalakSI AvazyakatAoM ke tahata vyakti una kriyAoM ko karane meM harSa kA anubhava karatA hai jo usakI sAmAjika pratiSThA meM vRddhi karatI haiN| pA~cave- chaThe guNasthAna se jur3e ve zubha bAhya AcaraNa isa zreNI meM A sakate haiM jinheM samAja Adara kI dRSTi se dekhatA hai| aMtima do avasthAeM pUrNataH mana kA viSaya haiM arthAta mAnasika saMtuSTi kA hissA haiN| aham daihika AvazyakatAoM se pare Atmika puruSArtha to hai kintu nirlipta nahIM hai isalie yaha avasthA chaTave guNasthAna ke uttarArddha va sAtaveM guNasthAna ke pUvArddha samAna pratIta hotI hai| aMtima Atma- vikAsa ina sAMsArika bhAvoM se 121

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Upara kI sarvotkRSTa sthiti hai jisameM sirpha AMtarika saMtuSTi hetu kAryoM kI preraNA hI abhipreka hotI hai| ise AThaveM se Upara ke guNasthAnoM ke sAtha sambaddha kiyA jA sakatA hai| (ba) harjabarga kI abhipreraNa vicAradhArAharjabarga kI abhipreraNa vicAradhArA AvazyakatApUrti ke niyatakrama siddhAMta kA khaNDana karatI hai evaM abhiprerakoM ko do bhAgoM meM vargIkRta karatI hai-Arogya yA anurakSaNa ghaTaka (Hygiene or Maintenance factors) ArogyalakSI ghaTakoM ke avayavoM meM vAtAvaraNIya dazAeM, nItigata naitika pratimAna tathA vidhAna evaM vyavasthAoM Adi ko sammilita kiyA jAtA hai| harjabarga mAnate haiM ki ye Arogya tattva acchI preraNA ke lie to bahuta Avazyaka haiM kintu ve svayaM koI preraNA nahIM de skte| ina tattvoM ke bar3hane se abhipreraNA to nahIM bar3hatI kintu inakA pramANa ghaTane se kamI avazya AtI hai| jaina darzana ke saiddhAntika va vyAvahArika pakSa meM vAtAvaraNIya prAsaMgikatA ko kucha isa taraha svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai ki vyakti ko zrAvaka-sAdhu va sAdhakonmukhI banAne meM vAtAvaraNIya ghaTakoM kI aham bhUmikA hotI hai| ye ghaTaka hI jIva ko guNasthAna patha para ArUr3ha karane evaM ruci ke sAtha isa patha kA dRr3ha rAhI banAe rakhane meM inakI mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA hotI -abhipreraka ghaTaka (Motivators) isa vicAradhArA ke praNetA pro. harjabarga kA mAnanA hai ki lakSyonmukha dizA meM Age baDhAne va usameM sthira citta karane tathA preraNArUpa siddha hone meM kucha pramukha abhiprerakoM kI aham bhUmikA hotI hai| ye ghaTaka haiM- upalabdhiyA~, upalabdhiyoM kI mAnyatA, cunautIpUrNa kArya-svarUpa tathA satata unnati eMva vikaas| guNasthAnaka vikAsa-yAtrA meM ye ghaTaka nizcayarUpa se abhipreraka haiM yathA prathama do ghaTaka zuddha bAhyAcaraNa kI dizA meM preraNA svarUpa haiM jabaki zeSa agrima Atm vizuddhi kI Antarika unnati meN| ye ghaTaka usakI sAdhanA stara ko U~cA uThAe rakhane meM madada svarUpa haiN| isake alAvA amerikana manovijJAnI Dagalasa mekgrekara ne mAnavIya vyavahAra ko saMcAlita karane vAlI do paraspara virodhI abhipreraka vicAradhArAoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai jinheM eksa (x) aura vAI vicAradhArA (y) ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| abhipreraka ke prathama svarUpa meM Apane spaSTatA kI hai ki yadi vyakti para aMkuza na rakhA jAya yA use Dara athavA bhaya na dikhAyA jAya to vaha niyata kArya ko sampAdita karane kA abhipreraNa prApta nahIM krtaa| abhipreraka ke dvitIya svarUpa meM mekgrekara ne una logoM ko rakhA hai jo daNDa yA bhaya ke sthAna para prazaMsA va upalabdhi janita sakArAtmaka vRttiyoM se prerita hokara lakSya kI dizA meM Age bar3hate jAte haiN| 122

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jainadarzana ke isa AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke saMdarbha meM sAdhaka jIvoM kI abhipreraNA meM donoM hI vRttiyoM kI bhUmikA dekhI jA sakatI hai| pApAcAra ke pariNAmoM tathA kaSAyAdi kI viparIta pariNati se bhayabhIta hokara jIva sacce sAdhanA patha kA anugAmI hone kI preraNA prApta karatA hai kintu yaha preraNA upazama jaise asthAI bhAva vAlI pratIta hotI hai| vAtAvaraNIya saMyogo Adi ke calate jyoM hI yaha bhaya kama hogA tyoM hI patana sunizcata hogaa| isake viparIta vAI (y) vicAradhArA se abhiprerita sAdhaka apanI Antarika sphuraNA ke sAtha lakSya patha para kadama rakhatA hai isalie usameM dRr3hatA kA prabhAva adhika hotA hai jo use kSAyikatva se susajjita kara maMjila para pahu~cane taka abhiprerita evaM Antarika rUpa se UrjAvAna banAe rakhatA hai| 4. vyaktitva (Personality) - vyakti kA vyaktitava sthApita abhivRttiyoM va vizvAsoM para niyantraNa karatA hai yaha sarvathA satya nahIM haiM apitu inake madhya pArasparika sambandha avazya hai (sI.TI. moNrgn)| vyaktitva arthAt prsnlittii| yaha zabda leTina bhASA ke parasonA (Persona) se vikasita hai jisakA artha hai- nakalI ceharA yA mukhauTA (Mask) / yaha eka bAharI AvaraNa hai jo dUsaroM ko prabhAvita karane ke lie dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai| maoNrTana evaM priMsa kA mAnanA hai ki "vyaktitva samasta janmajAta saMsthAnoM, AvegoM, jhukAvoM evaM mUla pravRttiyoM ke anubhavoM dvArA arjita saMskAroM va pravRttiyoM kA yoga hai|" mana ena. ela. vyaktitva ko eka samuccaya ke rUpa meM dekhate hue spaSTatA karate haiM ki "vyaktitva eka vyakti ke paThana, vyavahAra, takanIkoM, ruciyoM, dRSTikoNoM, kSamatAoM va tarIkoM kA sabase viziSTa saMgaThana hai" AlaporTa isa viSaya para apane 50 barSa ke adhyayana ke pazacAta isa niSkarSa para pahu~ce kivyaktitva kA vikAsa usakI vyavasthApana kriyA para AdhArita hai| vyakti kI AvazkatAeM evaM vyavahAra usako lakSya taka pahu~cAne meM preraka haiN| yadi lakSya prApti meM unheM ekAdha bAra asaphalatA milatI hai to vyaktitva ke samyaka vikAsa meM bAdhA par3atI hai| vaha taba taka vyavasthita nahIM ho pAtA jaba taka usakI icchAoM kI dizA ko badalakara saMtuSTa na kara diyA jaay| Antarika vyaktitva pakSa kI sthitiyA~ isa prakAra bhI ho sakatI haiM 1- vicAra pradhAna (Thinking type) vyaktitva 2- bhAva pradhAna (Feeling type) vyaktitva 3- tarka buddhi pradhAna (Reasoning type) vyaktitva 4- divya dRSTi pradhAna (Intuitive type) vyaktitva vyakti uparokta varNita vivaraNa va usakI zAbdikatA- parasonA yA mukhauTA ke dAyaroM se bAhara nikalakara samagratA ke pariprekSya meM Antarika evaM bAhya pakSoM ke sAtha vyaktitva ke 123

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saiddhAntika va kriyA pakSa kI spaSTatA karatA hai| sI. jI. juMga vyaktitva ko nimnavata svarUpa meM vargIkRta karatIM haiM bahirmukha sAMsArikatA kI ora unmukha karane vAle dUsaroM ke sAtha melajola bar3hAne vAlA bAhya pravRttiyoM meM rUci rakhane vAlA vyaktitva citra antarmukhI sva kendrita evaM viSayoM se pare nirdhanatA priya evaM kama kharcIle vicAra prastutIkaraNa meM sahamanA apane meM hI masta rahane vAlA ubhayamukhI 124 bahirmukhI evaM antarmukhI mizra sI. jI. juMga kA vyaktitva vargIkaraNa guNasthAnaka vikAsa yAtrA meM eka aura bAhya prakaTIkaraNa hai to dUsarI ora antarmana samAyojana kA manobhAvanAtmaka ciMtana jo niyata U~cAiyoM kA sparza karAne meM aham bhUmikA adA karatA hai| vyaktitva vAstava meM manodehika prakaTIkaraNa hai| lakSya siddhi meM isa adRzya zakti (manobala) kI mahatvapUrNa bhUmikA hotI hai| vyaktitva se usake kArya karane kI zailI, sAhasa, dhairya va dRDhatA Adi kI sthiti kA bhAna hotA hai| guNasthAna vikAsa yAtrA meM vyaktitva ke vibhinna ghaTakoM kI sthiti kA yathocita prabhAva dekhA jA sakatA hai| pro. sI. jI. juMga dvArA spaSTa kI gaI vyaktitva ke svarUpoM kI tIna sthitiyA~ guNasthAnaka avasthAoM se sAmyatA rakhatI pratIta hotI haiN| anya zabdoM meM yaha kahanA adhika ucita hogA ki vyaktitva ke ukta varNita svarUpa use guNasthAna kI alaga-alaga sthitiyoM me le jAne hetu uttaradAyI haiM yathA- bahirmukhI vyaktitva zubhAzubha bAhyAcaraNa kendrita haiN| azubhAcaraNa mithyAtva va mizra acchA vaktA kintu ekAnta priya

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guNasthAna meM le jAtA hai vahIM zubhAcaraNa cauthe pA~cave guNasthAna taka pahu~cAne meM sahAyaka hai| antarmukhI vyaktitva sva-kendrita avasthA kA pratinidhitva karate hue sAdhaka ko sAdhya taka pahu~cAne meM sahAyaka hai| isakA prabhAva sAtaveM se Upara ke guNasthAnoM meM dekhA jA sakatA hai jabaki ubhayamukhI vyaktitva jo ina donoM kA mizra svarUpa hai isake prabhAva meM jIva pA~cave - chaTave guNasthAnoM meM gati karAtA hai| sigamaMDa phrAyaDa kA manevaijJAnika vizleSaNa vyaktitva kI isa taraha spaSTatA karatA hai vyaktitva 'iDa' (Id) Igo (Ego ) tathA supara Igo ( Super Ego ) kA samAyojana hai| 'iDa' acetana mana hai jisameM mUla vRttiyA~ va naisargika icchAaiM rahatI haiN| 'igo' cetanA, icchAzakti, buddhi tathA tarka kA pratinidhipUrNa saMyojana hai evaM supara igo' vyakti ke jIvana kI Adarza sthiti hai| ye sthitiyA~ guNasthAnaka avasthAoM meM jIva ke pariNAmoM kI dizA kA nirdhAraNa karatI haiN| Ara. bI. kaiTala spaSTatA karate haiM ki "vyakti kisI vizeSa paristhiti meM jo bhI kArya karatA hai usakA pratirUpa hI vyaktitva hai" vyakti ke caritra nirmANa meM nimna ghaTaka uttaradAyI haiM bhAvanAtmaka ekatA (Emotional integration), sAmAjika ghaTaka (Sociability), kalpanAzIlatA (Imaginative), abhipreraNa ( Motivation), utsukatA (Curiosity) I kaiTala dvArA varNita caritra nirmANa ke kucha ghaTaka bhI sAdhaka kI Antarika sudRr3hatA bar3hAne meM sahAyaka haiM yathA abhipreraNa va utsukatA jo use unnatonmukha karatI hai jabaki lAparavAhI athavA anadekhI use patonmukhI banAtI haiN| kaiTala ne vyaktitva guNoM ke sArabhUta 12 vibhAga kie haiN| 1- cakra vikSipta (Cyclothymia)- aisA vyaktitva bhAvuka tathA apane vicAroM kI spaSTa abhivyakti vAlA hotA hai| 2- sAmAnya mAnasikazakti (General Mental Capacity) - sAmAnya starIya buddhimAna / 3- prazAsaka(Dominance) - Atma vizuddhi va jhagar3AlU pravRtti vaalaa| 4- prasanna mukha ( Surgency)- AtmavizvAsu harSa, buddhi Adi prasannatAdAyaka guNoM se sampanna / 5- dhanAtmaka caritra (Positive Character)- dUsaroM kI bAtoM para adhika dhyAna dene vAlA / 6- saMvegAtmaka paripakvatA ( Emotional Stable) inameM asthiratA nahIM hotii| 7- sAhasI cakra vikSipta ( Adventure Cyclothymia)- ye vyakti sAhasI milanasAra tathA bhinna ligaM meM ruci lene vAle hote haiM / 125

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8- paripakva(Mature)- yaha paripakva, svatantra eMva svayaM meM pUrNa hotA hai| 9- sAmAjika sAMskRtika(Socialized Cultured)- klaapaarkhii| 10- vizvAsI (Trustworthy)- vizvAsI va kRtjny| 11- apAramparika(Unconventional)- samaya ke sAtha vidroha karane vAle / 12- vinIta(Sophistication)- tarkapUrNa va zAnta prakRti ke ekAnta priya hote haiN| uparokta ko yadi guNasthAnaka sthitayoM ke sAtha saMyojita kareM to spaSTa hotA hai ki prazAsaka va cakra vikSipta vyaktitva guNadhArI mithyAtva ke preraka haiM, prasanna mukha va dhanAtmaka caritra vAle sad AcaraNI gRhastha hote haiM, paripakva-vizvAsI tathA apAramparika vyaktitva vAle jIva ucca naitika caritrayuta yogyatAoM ko dhAraNa karake kaSAyAdi pravRttiyoM ke nAzaka banate haiM aura vinIta vyaktitva ke dhAraka sAdhanA kI carama sthiti ke adhikArI bana jAte haiN| vyaktitva vikAsa ke manovaijJAnika nirdhAraka buddhi yA mAnasika mahatvAkAMkSA evaM upalabdhi rUci evaM dRSTikoNa (Interest & Attitude or Vision) icchA zakti (Will samajha saMvegAtmaka evaM svabhAvagata viziSTatAeM (Emotional & Temperamental make up) (Level of Aspiration & Achievement) (Intelligence) Power) citra: vyaktitva vikAsa ke manovaijJAnika nirdhAraka buddhi yA mAnasika samajha vyaktitva vikAsa kA vaha AMtarika pahalU hai jo tarka aura viveka kI sthiti kA pratinidhitva karatA hai| yaha ghaTaka samyaktvI va mithyAtvI bodha ke lie jimmedAra hai aura isI para AcaraNa kI dizA nirbhara hotI hai| yadi vyakti mahatvAkAMkSI nahIM hai to vaha kucha bhI karane ke liye abhiprerita nahIM hogA usakA vyaktitva pUrNataH nikammA, AlasI, susta aura bhAgyavAdI ke rUpa meM hI ubhregaa| jabaki dRr3ha icchA zakti vAle vyakti saMvegAtmaka rUpa se paripakva, vivekapUrNa, nirNAyaka va dhairyavAna hote haiN| isake viparIta kamajora icchAzakti vAlA sadaiva asamaMjasa kI sthiti meM rahatA hai| saMvegAtmaka paripakvatA ke anurUpa 126

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hI bhAvanAoM, AdatoM, vicAroM va sthAyI bhAvoM kA vikAsa hotA hai| krodhI, IrSyAlu va zAnta svabhAva Adi manobhAva isI AdhAra para nirmita hote haiN| ruci vaha abhipreraka zakti hai jo hameM kisI vyakti vastu yA kriyA kI ora dhyAna dene ke lie bAdhya karatI hai| vyaktitava vikAsa ke ina manovaijJAnika ghaTakoM kA saMkalita saMyojana usakI chavi va AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dizA, gati va dazAoM kA nirdhAraka hai| ye ghaTaka yaha taya karane meM sakSama haiM ki vaha AdhyAtmika uccatA kI ora agrasara ho sakegA ( kSAyikatva ke sAtha) yA viparIta saMvegAtmaka pravRttiyoM ke calate (upazama ke pazcAta punaH udaya kA kAraka) patonmukha ho jaayegaa| isa prakAra kahA jA sakatA hai ki guNasthAna adhyayana ke manovaijJAnika pakSa meM vyaktitva tattva kI ahama sthiti hai| 5. saMvega (Emotion) saMvegoM para mAnasika kriyAeM saMcAlita hotI haiM tathA yaha vyakti kI soca va vyavahAra donoM meM parilakSita hotA hai| samanvita vikAsa ke pratimAnoM yA samIkaraNoM ke madhya isakA ahama sthAna hai yathAvikAsa = bauddhika/mAnasika + saMvegAtmaka + naitika/cAritrika + sAmAjika | yahA~ sAmAjika vikAsa ke avayavoM kA spaSTIkaraNa karane para saMvegoM kI bhUmikA aura adhika khulakara sAmane AtI hai jaise - sAmAjika bodha (Social perception), pratirodhI vyavahAra (Resistant behaviour), lar3AI-jhagar3e (Fight-quarrels), sahAnubhUti (sympathy), pratispardhA(Competition) evaM sahayoga(Cooperation)| manovaijJAnikoM ne aMtarama saMvegoM ko apane-apane tarIkoM se vargIkRta kiyA hai yathA gilaphorDa ke anusAra bhaya, krodha, vAtsalya, ghRNA, karuNA-duHkha, Azcarya, AtmahInatA, AtmAbhimAna, ekAkIpana, kAmukatA, bhUkha, adhikAra bhAvanA, kRtibhAva evaM Amoda Adi haiN| geTsa inheM pA~ca bhAgoM meM vargIkRta karate haiM - bhaya, krodha, prema, dayA aura kaamuktaa| DaoN. mahendra mizrA vikAsAtmaka manovijJAna meM lagabhaga uparokta ko saMyojita karate hue pramukha saMvegoM kA adhyayana nimna likhita binduoM ke mAdhyama se karate haiM1. jijJAsA(Curiosity)- jijJAsA samasta jJAna kI jananI hai aisA plUTo kA mata hai| jijJAsA ke sAtha Azcarya kA saMvega bhI jur3A hotA hai| isake prati udAsInatA zArIrika va mAnasika vikAsa ke lie hitakara nahIM hotii| zArIrika bhaya yA pIr3A nAmaka saMvega jijJAsA 127

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zAnti kI dizA meM ahama haiN| yahI bhaya use AdhyAtmika patha kA sAdhaka banAne meM kriyAzIla banAtA hai| 2. bhaya (Fear)- bhaya palAyana mUlavRtti kA saMvega hai| bhaya ke kAraNa hI vyakti Atma-vizvAsa kho baiThatA hai vahIM paripakvatA isa saMvega ke prabhAva ko kama karatI hai| prazaMsA aura puruskAra bhI bhaya ko zithila kara date haiN| bhaya kabhI-kabhI ina cIjoM ko lekara hotA hai jinakA astitva hI nahIM hotaa| jaina darzana kI dRSTi se dekheM to yaha saMvega jIva ko pApa vRttiyoM se dUra karatA hai aura zanaiH - zanaiH zubhAzubha kAryoM se zuddhAcaraNa meM rata karatA hai| bhaya se mukti(zikSaNa dvArA) anivArya hai| 3. krodha yA AkramakatA (Anger or combat)- kisI kriyA kI saMtuSTi meM jaba bAdhA utpanna hotI hai taba sAmAnya manuSya svAbhAvika rUpa se pazuvata hokara krodha kA Azraya letA hai| krodha kA pariNAma lar3AI tathA zArIrika-mAnasika kSati para Akara pUrNa hotA hai| prAyaH IrSyA karanA, taMga karanA, jhagar3A karanA evaM vaira bhAva Adi Akramaka vyavahAra ke pariNAma haiN| krodha kA Antarika evaM bAhya prakaTIkaraNa jIva kI gati prathama tIna mithyAtvAdi guNasthAnoM meM karAne kA nimitta banatA hai, krodha kA zamana jIva ko 11veM guNasthAna taka gati karA sakatA hai tathA krodha vRtti para sampUrNa niyantraNa use samyakatva se Upara ke guNasthAnoM meM le jAne meM sahAyaka siddha hotA hai| 4. Atma gaurava(Self-Assertion)-isakA sambandha Atma pradarzana kI bhAvanA se hai| yaha mUla pravRtti ke sAtha jur3A saMvega hai| isake calate jIva dUsaroM kA dhyAna apanI ora kendrita karane hetu taraha-taraha kI pravRttiyoM va ADambaroM ko AkAra detA hai| yaha vAstava meM sva ke mahatva ke pradarzana jaisA hai| sAmAnya mAnava yadi Atma pradarzana kI bhAvanA kA damana karatA hai to usameM AtmahInatA va dInatA AyegI tathA caritra va vyaktitva kA vikAsa ruka jaayegaa| isa taraha se kahA jA sakatA hai ki yaha saMvega jIva kI AdhyAtmika unnati va avanati kA kAraka hai| 5. racanAtmakatA (Constructiveness)- kisI vastu kI racanA va vidyamAnatA kI sthiti meM parivartana karane kI vRtti kA udaya racananAtmaka saMvega kA pariNAma hai| isakA uddezya satata kucha na kucha karate hue antarnihita zaktiyoM kA vikAsa karanA hai| jaina darzanayata AdhyAtmika vikAsa krama meM yaha saMvega puruSArthapUrNa prayAsa va sakAma nirjarAvRtti kA pratinidhitva karatA hai| 6. prema (Love)- yaha eka pramukha manovaijJAnika saMvega hai| isake pariNAma svarUpa jaba vyakti kisI ke prati Asakti yA prema rakhatA hai to Ananda kI anubhUti karatA hai| prema saMvega meM atayanta kama aura atyadhikatA donoM hI sthitiyAM ghAtaka siddha ho sakatI haiM isalie donoM ke madhya saMtulana anivArya hai| prema eka jaTila saMvegAtmaka avasthA hai yaha svArthamUlaka va 128

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paramArthamUlaka(mAnavatAvAdI prANimAtra ke prati prema) hotA hai / guNasthAnaka kI paramAnanda sthita kI prApti isa saMvega ke abhAva meM saMbhava nahIM hai| 7. IrSyA (Jealously)- sneha ke TUTane kA krama yA kama hone kA bhaya IrSyA saMvega kI pratikriyA hai| yaha krodha kI upazAkhA hai| IrSyAlu vyakti sadaiva apane ko asurakSita mahasUsa karatA hai| isakI abhivyakti anya ke prati apratyakSa rUpa se hotI hai| IrSyA ke prati uddIpana(Stimulus) hai- kisI prema karane vAle vyakti ke vyavahAra kA Apake prati acAnaka badala jaanaa| yahA~ pratispardhA kI bhAvanA prema, sAhasa, prazaMsA yA sahAnubhUti kI jagaha IrSyA ko janma detI hai| kabhI-kabhI isakI pariNati keMkar3AvRtti ke rUpa meM hotI hai jo na to khuda Upara uThatI hai aura na hI dUsaroM ko Upara uThane detI hai| svayaM ko U~cA va anya ko nIcA dikhAne kI lalaka isa vRtti ko uttejita karane meM kAraNabhUta hai| IrSyA kI pariNAmajanita pratikriyA nimna rUpoM meM dRSTigata hotI hai- sImAtIta virodha, virodhI bhAvoM kI pahacAna, damanAtmaka pravRtti kA vikAsa tathA racanAtmakatA meM avarodha aadi| IrSyA vAtAvaraNIya paristhitiyoM para nirbhara hai IrSyAtmaka vyavahAra vartamAna va bhAvI vAtAvaraNa ko dUSita banAte haiN| AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI ora ArohaNa meM yaha saMvega bAdhaka va ghAtaka hI siddha hotA hai| 8. Ananda evaM sukha (Pleasure & Joy)-yaha saMvega kisI vastu yA kriyA se sukha yA Ananda kI anubhUti karAne vAlA hai| guNasthAnaka vikAsa yAtrA meM isa saMvega kI kriyAzIlatA prakaTa hotI hai- utkRSTa zrAvaka se muni banane ke avasara athavA dhyAnAdi ke lie adhika samaya mila jAne ke rUpa meN| Ananda kI anubhUti smita, muskAna, khilakhilAhaTa, unamukta ha~sI va asIma saMtuSTi Adi ke rUpa meM hotI hai| saMvega para niyanatraNa kI vidhiyAM (Methods of Control on Emotions) jarazIlDa kI avadhAraNA hai ki yadi koI saMvega paripakva ho jAya to usameM saMzodhana karanA kaThina ho jAtA hai| isake niyantraNa kI kucha vidhiyAM isa prakAra haiM1. damana (Repression)-yaha saMvegAtmaka niyantraNa kI vaha vidhi hai jisameM sAdhaka inheM bhUlane yA mana se nikAlane kA prayAsa karatA hai| 2. abhivyakti (Expression)-yaha vidhi mArgAntIkaraNa bhI kahalAtI hai| isake dvArA saMvega ko samAja ke svIkRta DhaMga se prastuta kiyA jAtA hai| 3. adhyavasAya (Industriousness)- isa vidhi meM sAdhaka saMvega ke prabhAva ko niSprabha karane hetu svayaM ko anya kAryoM meM vyasta rakhatA hai tAki avAMchita saMvegoM kI abhivyakti ko avakAza hI na mile| 129

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4. visthApana(Displacement)- ise AropaNa paddhati ke rUpa meM bhI jAnA jAtA hai| isameM saMvegoM ko anya tathyoM para Aropita kiyA jAtA hai| 5. pratigamana(Regression)- jaba saMvegoM kA AropaNa asAmAnya vyavahAra se hotA hai to vaha anya vastu ko naSTa kara tanAva kama kara letA hai yaha pratigamana kriyA hai| 6. saMvegAtmaka recana(Emotional Catharsis)- isameM zAmita (Repressed) saMvegoM se mukti pAne kA prayAsa kiyA jAtA hai| svAdhyAya, paThana-pAThana va maMdira Adi meM jAnA tathA zArIrika kriyAoM ke dvArA ise saMbhava banAyA jAtA hai| samIkSAsaMvega yA vairAgya Atmika unnati ke uddIpaka kahe jAte haiN| zalya bhI mana kA viSaya hai isake abhAva meM kevala jJAna saMbhava nahIM hai| zalya tIna prakAra kI hotI hai1. kapaTa, DhoMga, ThagIvRtti 2. bhogoM kI lAlasA kA nidAna tathA 3. mithyaadrshn| ye mAnasika doSa mana aura tana donoM ko kuredate rahate haiN| jo zalya rahita hai vahI vratI haiM usake bAda bhautika-abhautika padArthoM ke prati mUrchA yA Asakti samApta ho jAtI hai| AtmA amUrtika caitanya rUpa evaM upamA rahita hai| krodhAdi saMvegoM kI upasthiti se kaSAyoM kA vega tIvra hotA hai| isIlie mithyAtva guNasthAna meM jIva mAnasika dRSTi se kaSAyAdi se pIr3ita rahatA hai aura vAsanAtmaka pravRttiyoM ke hAvI rahane se zuddhAcaraNa se vilaga rahatA hai| saMvegoM kI tIvratA va manovRttika jhukAva(vAsanAtmaka Asakti) tathA dRr3hatA kA abhAva (samyakatvI asthiratA) hone se jIva samyakatva guNasthAna se patita hokara prathama guNasthAna taka pahu~catA hai| mizra guNasthAna meM jIva kI adhara-jhUla jaisI anirNaya va anizcaya kI sthiti rahatI hai| yaha mana kI caMcalatA hI to hai jo samyakatvI zithilatA paidA karatI hai| manovizleSaNa spaSTa karatA hai ki yahA~ vAsanAtmaka iDa (id) aura Adarza (Super ego) ke madhya Antarika saMgharSa calatA rahatA hai hAlAMki isakI avadhi antarmuhurta pramANa (48 minaTa) hI hotI hai phira bhI isa daurAna yadi vAsanAtmaka pakSa prabala ho jAtA hai to vaha mithayAtva guNasthAna ko prApta ho jAtA hai tathA Adarza kI ora rujhAna hone para vaha punaH samyakatva meM lauTa jAtA hai| vyaktitva vikAsa kI dRr3hatA va paripakvatA usake saMgharSa vijaya meM aham bhUmikA nibhAtI hai| tRtIya guNasthAna meM mRtyu nahIM hotI jaina darzana meM ullakhita isa vidhAna kA bhI manovaijJAnika AdhAra hai yathA DaoN. kalaghATagI ke matAnusAra- mRtyu aura saMgharSa kI cetanA donoM kA saha-astitava saMbhava nahIM hai| mRtyu ke samaya meM jIva mithyAtva yA samyakatva meM se kisI eka sthiti ko prApta hotA hai| isa guNasthAna kI alpAvadhi kA bhI yaha eka tArkika AdhAra ho sakatA hai ki sAmAnyatayA koI bhI vyakti lambe samaya taka saMzaya yA anizcaya kI 130

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sthiti meM nahIM raha sktaa| nizcaya hI vaha apanI ruci va preraNAtmaka vAtAvaraNa kA sahArA lekara donoM meM se kisI eka dazA kA apanA letA hai| caturtha guNasthAna meM sAdhaka kI manodazA meM samyakatva zraddhAna ke prati dRr3hatA to hotI hai kintu AcaraNa patha para anugamana kA sAhasa evaM vAtAvaraNa upalabdha nahIM hotaa| yahA~ saMkalpa-vikalpa rUpI caMcalatA (utthAna-patana donoM saMbhAvanAe~) vidyamAna rahatI hai| hA~ niyati kI pradhAnatA hone ke bAvajUda yadi jIva thor3A sA puruSArtha lakSya-dizA meM kara letA hai to vaha kSaya, upazama yA kSayopazama ko grahaNa karate hue sadAcArI bana jAtA hai| vAstava meM samasyA maiM-maiM kI hai| vikAsa krama meM isase pare haTate hue hama kI ora bar3hanA hotA hai kintu yaha bhI mukti kA sAdhana nahIM hai isake lie nirvikalpI honA par3atA hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa prakriyA meM yaha graMthi bheda do prakAra se hotA hai1. yathApravRttikaraNaH- saMyogajanita vAtAvaraNa pAkara sva kI tarapha yathArtha bodha tathA yathArthatA ko siddha karane hetu mAnasika taiyArI va dRr3hatA kA nAma hI yathApravRttikaraNa hai| 2. apUrvakaraNaH- soce hue yathArtha mArga para calane ke sAhasa kA nAma hai apUrvakaraNa jahA~ AtmA jar3a prakRti para vijaya prApta karatA hai| manovijJAna kI bhaSA meM isa prakAra bhI kahA jA sakatA hai ki cetana aham (ego) vAsanAtmaka aham(id) para jaya karate hue dhIre dhIre Adarza(super ego) kI ora bar3hatA hai| yaha sthiti use AThaveM apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna meM apUrva zAnti ke rUpa anubhUta hotI haiN| Adarza patha para anugamana kA Arambha aNuvratI yA dezavratI zrAvaka ke rUpa meM hotA hai isameM krodhAdi vRttiyoM para niyaMtraNa kA abhyAsa sAghaka 5veM-6veM aura 7veM guNasthAnoM meM karatA hai isameM abhI bhI bAhyAcaraNa va puNya rUpa zubha vRttiyoM kA sahArA liyA jAtA hai| isa parizodhana prakriyA(4mAsa kA samaya) meM yadi dRr3hatA kAyama rahatI hai to vikAsa hogA anyathA patana nizcita hai kyoMki Antarika abhivyakti para niyantraNa na hone se ye pramAdavaza hone vAlI vAsanAtmaka vRttiyAM usake antara-mana ko jhakajhoratI rahatI hai| niyati banAma puruSArtha kI dRSTi se dekheM to 1-7 guNasthAna taka niyati arthAt saMyogoM kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai kintu yahA~ puruSArtha kA bhAga ati alpa hotA hai| 7veM guNasthAna ke uttarArdha se 8veM guNasthAna meM duSpravRttiyoM se lar3ane hetu vaha zakti saMcaya kA prayAsa karatA hai| isIlie Age guNasthAnoM meM athaka manobalayukta puruSArtha aparihArya hotA hai| AThaveM apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna se Upara kI sthitiyAM (8-14 guNasthAnoM taka) mAtra AcaraNa khela nahIM raha jAtI apitu manobala rUpI naitika dRr3hatA va paripakva vizvAsa kA savAla bana jAtI hai jahA~ bhAvanAeM lakSya siddha (Atma vizuddhi) ko yathocita AkAra pradAna karatI haiN| 8veM se pUrva ke guNasthAnoM taka vaha Age kI 131

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ora abhiprerita hone hetu kamoveza vAtAvaraNIya anukUlatA kA muhatAja thA kintu aba Upara ke guNasthAnoM meM vaha vAtAvaraNa ko apane anukUla karane meM siddhahasta karmayogI bana jAtA hai tathA aMtima Ananda svarUpa dazA meM vaha niSkAmapane ko dhAraNa kara lA o jAtA hai| karma kSaya kI tIna upalabdha paddhatiyoM (kSaya, upazama va kSayopazama) meM se kisI eka kI pasaMdagI bhI mana kI dRr3hatA va paripakvatA kA hI viSaya hai kyoMki guNasthAnoM meM car3hate jAnA yA phira car3hakara giranA isI manosthiti kI hI phidarata hai| 9veM- 10veM guNasthAna meM adhikAMza kaSAyAdi pariNAmoM para jaya pAkara aMtimAvasthA meM pahu~canA taya sA ho jAtA hai (yadi usane upazama kA sahArA nahIM liyA ho) zeSa bace sUkSma lobha kI tulanA DaoN. TATiyA avacetana zarIra ke prati rahe hue rAga ke artha meM karate haiN| saMkalpa-vikalpa rahita mAnasika taiyArI kI mAnasikAvasthA kSINamoha nAmaka 12veM guNasthAna se tulanIya hai| maoNslo kI AvazyakatAkrama abhipreraNa vicAradhArA ke anusAra bhI sva kI maMjila kI ora prayANa kA yaha eka paripakva AkhirI mukAma hai / isake bAda deha astitva ke kAraNa yoga bandha to hotA hai kintu kssnnik| yaha AdhyAtmikatA ko bhogane kI sthiti hai| yoga nirodha va mAnasika caMcalatA kA abhAva sthiratA pUrNa zukla dhyAna kI avasthA kA paryAya hai 14vA~ ayoga kevalI guNasthAna jahA~ zivapada brahma yA mokSa se AtmA kA milana hotA hai| ***** 132

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adhyAya -9 guNasthAna kA tulanAtmaka vivecana vizva ke pramukha AdhyAtmika darzanoM se jur3I avadhAraNAeM evaM guNasthAnakoM se unakI tulanAjaina darzana meM varNita guNasthAna siddhAnta kI anya dharmoM meM varNita svarUpoM kI sthiti athavA samAna dhyeya siddhi hetu ullikhita vyavasthAoM kA tulanAtmaka adhyayana karane se pUrva yaha Avazyaka hai ki guNasthAna siddhAnta kI maMzA va svarUpa kA sAmAnya avabodhana kara liyA jAya / jaina darzana - jaina darzana kA dUsarA nAma Arhata hai arthAta jo sarvajJa, rAga-dveSa rahita, trailokyapUjita, yathAsthitArthavAdI va sAmarthyavAna siddha puruSa haiN| sarvajJo jiitraagaadidossstrailokypuujitH| yathAsthitArthavAdI ca devorhtprmeshvrH|| mukte na kevalI na strI mokSameti digmbrH| prAhumeSAmayaM bhedo mahAn zvetAmbaraiH saha || saMsAra meM sarvathA sat yA sarvathA asat koI bhI vastu nahIM hai / isI se syAdvAda siddhAnta kA prArdubhAva huA jise saptabhaMgI naya kahA jAtA hai| ye naya isa prakAra haiM(1) syAd asti- kisI apekSA se koI vastu vidyamAna hai| (2) syAnnAsti- kisI apekSA se koI vastu vidyamAna nahIM hai| (3) syAdasti ca nAsti ca- kisI apekSA se koI vastu eka sAtha vidyamAna va avidyamAna donoM hai| (4) syAd avyaktavyama- kisI apekSA se koI vastu varNanAtIta hai| syAdasti avyaktavyam- kisI apekSA se koI vastu avidyamAna hai aura kisI apekSA se koI vastu kA rUpa nirdiSTa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| (6) syAnnAsti avyaktavyam ca- kisI apekSA se koI vastu kA rUpa hai bhI tathA vaha avyakta bhI hai| (7) syAdasti ca nAsti ca aktavyam ca- kisI apekSA se koI vastu eka sAtha vidyamAna va avidyamAna donoM hai aura kisI apekSA se koI vastu kA rUpa nirdiSTa nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| jaina darzana meM karma ke bandhana aura karma ke viccheda ko lekara mukhya sAta tattvoM ko mAnA gayA hai- jIva, ajIva, Azrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA, mokss| isa darzana meM do hI pramANa mAnya 133

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hai- pratyakSa aura anumaan| Izrara ke sambandha meM jIva hI arhat pada ko prApta karane para Izvara pada ko grahaNa kara letA hai| ve alaga Izvara kA astitva nahIM maante| guNasthAna jIva kI AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA ke sopAnoM kI sthiti kA eka vizleSaNa hai jisakI mAnyatA hai ki jaise-jaise jIva Upara ke sopAnoM meM ArohaNa hetu vizuddhatara yA vizuddhatama naitika-cAritrika vizuddhatAyukta puruSArtha karatA hai vaise-vaise vaha aMtima dhyeya nirvANa yA mokSa ke nikaTa pahu~catA hai aura isa yAtrA ke uccatara mukAmoM para use alaukika AdhyAtmikatA kI sukhada anubhUti hotI hai| yahA~ nirvANa yA mukti kI kalpanA jIva kI samasta karmoM se mukti, saMkalpa-vikalpa rahita usake nija svarUpa meM lauTa Ane se kI gaI hai| jaina darzana meM isa vikAsa yAtrA ke caudaha caraNa haiM jisameM ArohaNa, patana, vikAsa eMva karma rahita hone kI vibhinna paddhatiyoM ko lekara niyata vyavasthAoM kA nirdeza hai| aba prazna yaha uThatA hai ki isa siddhAnta kI tulanA kisake sAtha kI jA sakatI hai to saMbhAvita uttara prApta hotA hai ki jina darzanoM meM AtmA ke AdhyAtmika vikAsa, naitikatA, AcaraNa kI zuddhatA, AtmA eMva kArya, nirvANa- mukti yA zivapada kI dhAraNAoM kA samAveza hai usake sopAnoM, aMtima mukAma taka pahu~cane ke mArgoM aura karma paddhati meM kisa hada taka samAnatA hai aura kahA~ asamAnatA dRSTigocara hotI hai ina tArkika AdhAra para vizleSaNa karanA hI tulanAtmaka vivecana kahA jA sakatA hai| 134

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(a) gItA aura guNasthAna siddhAnta bhUmikA "kisI graMtha kA manuSya ke mana para kitanA adhikAra hai, use usa graMtha kI kasauTI samajhA jAya to kahanA hogA ki gItA bhAratIya vicAradhArA meM sabase adhika prabhAvazAlI graMtha hai"| - DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana gItA hindU sAhityaka saMskRti kA eka pramukha grantha hai| yaha samuccaya hai vyaktitva, zraddhA, buddhi, karma, naitika AcaraNa evaM Atma vizuddhi ke avabodhana kaa| isameM jIvana dRSTi aura AcaraNa ke ve vizleSaNatmaka AyAma nihita haiM jo sAMsArika jIva kI sthiti va gati kA digdarzana karAte haiN| jIva ke AdhyAtimaka athavA Atmika unnati kI maMjila tIna pAyadAnoM ke AsapAsa jIva rahatA hai| vaha vartamAna meM kahA~ para hai aura usakA Atma vizuddhi para kyA prabhAva hotA hai isakA vivecana gItA meM milatA hai jise jaina darzana ke guNasthAna abhigama meM vizleSita kiyA hai| gItA meM varNita ye tIna caraNa nimnavat rUpa sthiti ko samajhAte haiM- jIva zuddhAcaraNa kA jJAna hI na rakhatA ho, use acche bure kA jJAna to ho kintu zuddhAcaraNa meM lIna na ho tathA aMtima sthiti jisameM vizuddha jJAna va AcaraNa kA dhAraka hokara Atmika anubhUti kI ora bar3hAtA ho| gItA meM saiddhAntika taura para tamoguNa- rajoguNa- satvaguNa tIna sthitiyoM ke mAdhyama se saMsArI jIva kI AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI kasauTI kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| ye tInoM sthitiyA~ viSaya bhogoM meM Asakti, karma pradhAnatA aura naitika rUpa meM triguNa siddhAnta ke rUpa meM mAnya haiN| isa aMtima caraNa ke bAda samasta guNa sthitiyoM kI zUnyatA hone para nijAtma yA mokSa kI prApti kI anubhUti hotI hai| DaoN. pramilA jaina ne apanI prakAzita zodhakRti SaTkhaNDAgama meM guNasthAna vivecana (AdhyAtmika vikAsakrama) (ke pRSTha saM. 247-255 ) meM gItA aura guNasthAna ke tulanAtmaka vizleSaNa meM spaSTa kiyA hai ki gItA aura AdhyAtamika vikAsa kI cAra avasthAe~.(gItA 2 | 43 | 44) tamoguNa- rajoguNa - satva guNa guNAtIta avsthaa| guNasthAna meM varNita 14 sthitiyoM kI yadi ina uryukta tIna avasthAoM se tulanA kareM to yaha kahA jA sakatA hai prathama, dvitIya va tRtIya guNasthAna(mithyAtva, sAsAdana aura mizra) meM tamo va rajo guNa avasthAaiM rahatI haiN| cauthe se sAtaveM guNasthAna (samyakatva,dezavirata, pramattasaMyata evaM apramattasaMyata) taka satva guNa avasthA rahatI hai| guNAtIta avasthA AThaveM se caudahaveM guNasthAna taka ho sakatI hai| 135

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(a) tamoguNa- jo jIva kI niSkriyatA, jar3atA aura ajJAna kA dyotaka hai| tamoguNI vyakti ke saMdarbha meM gItA kA kathana hai- AyuktaH prAkRtaH stabdhaH naisskRtikolsH| viSAdI dIrghasUtrI ca kartA tAmasa ucyte|| 81 281 / yahA~ isa sUkti meM varNita lakSaNoM ko isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA haiAyukta- jisake mana aura indriyA~ vaza meM nahIM haiM va zraddhAna tathA AstikatA kA abhAva hai| prAkRta- jise apane kartavya kA kucha jJAna nahIM hai| stabdha- jo dhanAdi kA mada karane vAlA hai| zaha- jo dhUrta heyopAdeya, vivekazUnya dUsaroM kI AjIvikA harane vAlA hai| Alasa- jisakI indriyoM va aMtaHkaraNa meM Alasa bharA huA hai| viSAdI - nirAzA aura cintA meM DUbA rahane vaalaa| dIrghasUtrI- kAryoM ko bhaviSya para TAlane vAlA, sthagita karane vaalaa| gItA ke mahAnAyaka bhagavAna zrIkRSNa arjuna ko saMbodhita karate hue Age kahate haiMadharma dharmamati yA mante tamasA vRtA / sarvArthAnviparItAMzca buddhisA pArtha tAmasI / / 181 32 / / isakA artha hai ki he arjuna ! jisakI buddhi ajJAnamaya aMdhakAra se bharI huI hai, adharma ko dharma mAnakara sabhI arthoM ko viparIta dekhatI hai yA mAnatI hai vaha tAmasI hai| tAmasI pakRti ke lakSaNatAmasI pakRti ke lakSaNoM ko spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA hai ki moghAzA moghAkarmANo moghajJAnA vicetsH| rAkSasI mAsurI caiva prakRti mohanI zritA ||91121 / isa sUkti kA vizleSaNa isa prakAra kiyA jA sakatA hai- moghAzA- vyartha kI AzA karane vaale| moghakArmANa- vyartha ke kArya karane vAle arthAta zraddhA rahita dAna pUjA va tapazcaraNa karane vaale| mohajJAna- tAtvika artha se zUnya jJAna vaale| vicetasa- vikSipta citta aura viSaya vAsanAoM meM rahane vAle ye sabhI rAkSasI AsurI aura mohanIya prakRti vAle jIva tAmasI prakRti ke dhAraka mAne jAte haiN| tAmasI prakRti kA prabhAvatAmasI prakRti kA kyA prabhAva hotA hai isakI spaSTatA nimnalikhita sUtra meM milatI hai- etAM duSTimauSTabhya naSTAtmanolpa buddhyH| prabhavantyugrakarmaNaH kSayAyaH jagato hitaaH||619|| arthAt mithyAjJAna kA Alambana karane vAle AsurI prakRti vAle apanI AtmA ko naSTa karane vAle tathA krUra kArya karane vAle samasta vyakti sAre loka ke lie ahitakAraka va sarvanAza ke nimitta hote haiN| 136

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(ba) rajo yA rAjasI guNabhautikavAditA yA bhoga vilAsa kI lAlasA tRSNA aura isakI prApti hetu saMgharSa prerita evaM anizcaya se bharI huI jIvana kI sthiti| gItA ke adhyAya 18 zloka 6 meM bhI isI vicAra kI puSTi kI gaI hai| rAjasI guNoM ko Age nimna zlokoM ke dvArA samajhAyA gayA hai- rAgI karmaphalaprepsurlubdho hiMsAtmako shuciH| harSazokAvintaH kArya raajsHprikiirnntH||18127|| isakA artha isa prakAra hai- rAja vAsanAoM meM rAga rakhane vAle ko bhI sadA apane karma phala kI AkAMkSA karane vAlA hiMsAtmaka pravRtti vAlA apavitra sadA hI harSa- zoka se prabhAvita vyakti rAjasI prakRti vAle mAne jAte haiN| rAjasI prakRti ke lakSaNagItA meM ina lakSaNoM ko isa sUkti ke mAdhyama se spaSTa kiyA hai- dhyAyatoviSayAnpunsaH sNgstessuupjaayte| saMgAtsaMjAyate kAmaH kaamaatkrodhomijaayte|| 21 62|| krodhodbhavati saMmohaH saMmohAtsmRti vibhmH| smRtibhaMzAd buddhinAzo buddhinaashaatprnnsyti|| 21 63 / / jisakA artha hai ki viSayadhyAna parigraha meM Asakti bar3hAne vAle hote haiN| Asakti se kAma, kAma se krodha, krodha se sammoha tathA sammoha se smRti vibhrama ho jAtA hai| smRti vibhrama se buddhi nAza ho jAtI hai aura buddhi ke naSTa hone se manuSya kA nAza ho jAtA hai| rAjasI prakRti kI pariNati- gItA meM rAjasI prakRti kI lAkSaNikatAoM kA vistAra karate hue usake prabhAvoM ko prakSepita kara nimna sUkti ke mAdhyama se sSTatA kI gaI haiajJazcAzraddaghAnazca saMzayAtmA vinshyti| nAyaM lokosti na paro na sukhaM sNshyaatmnH|| 41 40 / jisakA artha- hai ki jisameM satya-asatya, Atma-anAtma tathA kartavya-akartavya ke madhya vivekapUrNa nirNaya karane kI zakti nahIM hai arthAt jo ajJa hai evaM jise pApa-puNya karmaphala va svarga mokSAdi meM saMzaya hai ve azraddhAlu haiM inheM paramArthabhraSTa mAnA jA sakatA hai| guNasthAna ke sAtha tulanA kI dRSTi se rAjasI va tAmasI guNa mithyAtva guNasthAna meM garbhita mAne jA sakate haiN| (sa) sattva guNayaha sthiti AdhyAtmika naitika Adarza AcaraNoM ko samAhita karate hue jIvana ke uccatama dhyeya kI sthiti meM AdhArabhUta stambha kI taraha hai| ina guNoM se yuta hokara jIva apanA AdhyAtmika utthAna kA sacce sukha kA ahasAsa karatA hai| yaha guNa carama pariNati kI sAdhanA kA zuddha sAdhana hai| sAtvika kartA va karma kI vyAkhyA karate hue bhagavAna zrIkRSNa kahate haiM- niyataM saMgarahitamarAgadveSataH kRtm| aphalaprepsunA karma yattasAtvika muccyte|| 181 23|| arthAta gRhastha yA saMnyAsI jo rAga-dveSa Asakti rahita hokara karma phala kI 137

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AkAMkSA kie binA apane jina niyata kartavyoM kA nirvAha karatA hai unheM sAtvika karma yA guNa kahA jAtA hai| jaina darzana ke guNasthAna abhigama meM mamatva rahita niSkAma aNuvrata va mahAvrata pAlana kI prakriyA ko caturtha (uttarArdha sthiti) se saptama guNasthAna taka darzAyA gayA hai jo gItA meM varNita satva avasthA se mela khAtI hai| TippaNI- 14 guNasthAnoM ke antargata AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI sUkSmatA va gahanatA kI dRSTi se pratyeka guNasthAna meM tIna upa bheda kie jA sakate haiM- guNasthAna meM praveza ke samaya kI Arambhika sthiti jisameM usa guNasthAna kA prabhAva jIva para kama pramANa meM dekhane ko milatA hai, dUsarI madhya sthiti jisameM jIva usa guNasthAna ke lakSaNoM ko aMgIkAra karate hue Age bar3hane lagatA hai tathA tRtIya uttarArdha sthiti jisameM jIva usa guNasthAna kI caramasImA ko sparza kara letA hai| - caturtha samyakatva guNasthAna ke samakakSa gItA meM kRSNa arjuna saMvAda ke mAdhyama se samajhAne kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai ki jo vyakti yoga yA Atma tatva meM zraddhA to karatA hai kintu saMyamI nahIM hai usakI gati kyA hogI ? arjuna kI isa zaMkA ke samAdhAna meM zrI kRSNa spaSTatA karate haiM- api cetsudurAcArI bhajate mAmanyabhAk / sAdhureva sa mantavyaH samyagvyavasito hi saH / 19 | 301 / arthAt eka asaMyamI kintu mere meM (Atma meM) zraddhAna yA bhakti rakhane vAle jIva ko sAdhu hI mAnanA cAhie kyoMki usakA vyavasAya yA zraddhAna samyak hai jo use eka na eka dina mokSa mArga para lagA kara rhegaa| satvaguNa kI aMtima dazA aura guNasthAna- isakA avalokana karane para spaSTa hotA hai ki jo samasta karmoM va bAhyAbhyantara bhogoM ke prati Asakti na rakhane vAlA saMnyAsI paramAtma prApti kI yogyatA kA dhAraka bana jAtA hai| jaina darzana meM isa sAdhanA patha kI tulanA chaThe - sAtaveM guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai jahA~ se sAdhaka ucca guNasthAnoM meM ArohaNa karatA hai| (da) jIva kI karuNAtIta va guNAtIta avasthAH AdhyAtma unnati kI sarvotkRSTa avasthA ko gItA meM jIva kI karuNAtIta va guNAtIta avasthA kahA gayA hai| jIva kI triguNAtIta avasthA ko nimna zlokoM se bhI spaSTa kiyA gayA hai- samaduHkha sukhaH svasthaH samaloTAzma kAJcanaH / tulyapriyaprayo dhIrastulyanidAtma saMsututiH / / 14 / 24 / / mAnApamAnyostulyastulyo mitrAripakSayoH / sarvArambhaparityAgI guNAtItaH sa uccate / / 14 / 25 / / traiguNayaviSayA vedA nistraiguNyo bhavArjuna / nirde'vandvo nityasattvastho niryogakSema AtmavAn / / 2 / 45 / / arthAt sukha-dukha lAbha hAni Adi dvandva rahita samabhAvI, nitya-avinAzI va sarvajJatA ke prati aTalatA rakhane vAlA sattva guNadhArI hai| kAmavAsanA aura sarva- AraMbha - parigraha kA tyAga niryoga kSema hai| yaha sthiti 138

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sAdhaka ko AtmavAna banAtI hai jaina darzana ke guNasthAna abhigama ke anurUpa ye sabhI lakSaNa sAtaveM guNasthAna ke samakakSa mAne jA sakate haiN| 13veM aura 14veM guNasthAna varNita samakakSa sthitiyAM aura gItA13veM aura 14veM guNasthAna ke samakakSa sthitiyAM gItA ke sarva saMkalpa tyAga prerita isa zloka meM milatI haiN| yathA-. yadAhinendriyArtheSu na krmsvnussjjte| sarva saMkalpa saMnyAsI yogaaruuddhstvocyte|| 6 | 4 || arthAt jo samasta prakAra kI indriyAsakti kA tyAga kara cakA hai aura isa prakAra ke karma sampAdana se rahita hai aisA sarva saMkalpa tyAgI vyakti yogArUr3ha hotA hai| Age kI utkRSTa sthiti ko spaSTa karate hue isa zloka meM kahA gayA haijitAtmanaH prazAntasya paramAtmA - samAhitaH / zItoSNa sukhaduHkheSu tathA mAnAyamAnayo / / 6 | 7 || arthAt jo AtmA zIta-uSNa, sukha-duHkha va mAna-apamAna se pUrNataH nirvikAra evaM prazAntamAna hai vaha saccidAnandaghana paramAtmA meM dRr3hatA pUrvaka sthita ho jAtA hai| isa jJAna meM paramAtmA ke sivAya kucha nahIM rhtaa| 12vIM kSapaka zreNI kSINa moha guNasthAna va sayogI kevalI sAdhaka ke samAna sthiti kA darzana gItA ke nimna likhita zloka meM milatA hai| ye satatamAtmAnaM rahasi sthitaH | ekAkI yatacittAtmA nirAzIra parigraha || 6 | 10 || yujjannevaM sadAtmAnaM yogI niyata mAnasaH / zAnti nirvANaparamAM mtsNsthaamdhigcchti|| 6 | 15 || arthAt jisa yogI ne zarIra, mana va indriyAdi ko vaza meM kara liyA ho, ekAnta meM sthira hokara nirantara paramAtma meM rata ho| mujhameM sthita aisA yogI aMta meM paramAtmA kI parAkASThA rUpa zAnti ko prApta hotA hai| samIkSAuparokta ke tulanAtmaka vizleSaNa se spaSTa hai ki donoM darzanoM meM sAdhanA prApti kA mArga eka hai-bhakti, jJAna,karma aura saMnyAsa svIkRta haiM, niSkAma va nirAsakti pUrNa haiN| yahA~ lakSya kI ora bar3hane kI pahalI zarta hai- samyagzraddhA, samyagdRSTi pUrNa samyaka aacrnn| yaha mArga zAzvata hai, sanAtana hai jo na kabhI kisI ke lie avaruddha thA na hai aura na hI hogaa| jaina darzana meM varNita guNasthAnoM ke sAtha yadi gItA ke triguNa siddhAnta ke sAtha tulanA kareM to hama pAte haiM ki tamoguNa bhUmi kA jIva mithyAdRSTi vizaSTatAoM se yatheSTa sAmya rakhatA hai| tamoguNa dhAraka jIva yathArtha jJAnAbhAva ke kAraNa yogya karmAcaraNa se pare rahatA hai| tamoguNa bhUmi meM mRtyu prApta prANI mUr3ha yoni (adhogati) meM janma letA hai| bauddha darzana meM yaha andhapRthagjana bhUmi ke samAna hai| 139

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dUsarI sthiti tamoguNadhArI una prANiyoM kI hai jo isake uttarottara kAla meM haiM arthAt jIvanadRSTi aura zraddhA to tApasa hai kintu AcaraNa sAtvika nahIM hai yathA- ArtabhAva yA kAmanAdi ke sAtha bhakti kA AcaraNa / gItA meM inheM saMskRti (sadAcArI) evaM udAra kahA gayA hai sAtha hI yaha bhI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai ki aisA jIva mokSa prApta nahIM kara paataa| jaina darzana ke guNasthAna siddhAnta meM yaha avasthA samyagdRSTi guNasthAna ke nikaTavartI mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna vAle prANiyoM jaisI hai| bauddha dRSTi se yaha avasthA kalyANa pRthagjana yA dharmAnusarI bhUmi hai| tIsarI sthiti rajoguNa abhimukha hai| rAjasa kA Azaya hai bhoga viSayaka caMcalatA zraddhA evaM buddhi / buddhi kI asthiratA evaM saMzayapUrNatA AdhyAtmika yA yathArtha AcaraNa se dUra vanAe rakhatI hai tathA jIva sthAI nirNaya lene meM asamartha hotA hai| gItA meM arjuna ke vyaktitva meM mUr3ha cetanA kA prastutIkaraNa dekhane ko milatA hai| ajJAnI aura azraddhAlu (mithyAdRSTi to vinAza ko prApta hote hI haiN| gItA ke anusAra saMzayAtmA kI dazA usase bhI burI banatI hai vaha to bhautika aura AdhyAtmika donoM hI prakAra ke sukhoM se vaMcita rahatA hai yaha avasthA jaina darzana ke mizra guNasthAna ke samakakSa hai| jaina darzana kI yaha mAnyatA hai ki tRtIya mizra guNasthAna meM jIva mRtyu ko prApta nahIM hotA jabaki gItA kA mata hai ki rajoguNa dhAraka jIva mRtyu ko prApta hone para Asakti pradhAna yoniyoM meM bhramaNa karatA huA janma- maraNa karatA rahatA hai| cauthI sthiti vaha hai jisameM jIva kA dRSTikoNa to sAtvika hai kintu AcaraNa tAmasa aura raajs| isakI tulanA caturtha samyagdRSTi guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| navameM adhyAya meM isa zreNI ke jIvoM ke saMdarbha meM zrI kRSNa kahate haiM ki durAcAraNAt (sudurAcArI ) vyakti jo ananya bhAva se merI upAsanA karate haiM unako bhI samyagrarUpeNa sAdhu (sAtvika prakRti vAlA) svIkAra kara lenA caahie| bauddha vicAradhArA meM ise srotApanna bhUmi (nirvANa mArga pravAha se patita) kahA gayA hai| gItA aura jaina darzana ke anusAra aisA sAdhaka mukti prApti kI saMbhAvanA lie rahatA hai| Age ke AcaraNa ko lekara jaina darzana meM kaI upa-vibhAga yA guNasthAna zreNI haiN| jabaki gItA meM isa dRSTi se gahana vizleSaNa nahIM hai tathApi arjuna dvArA kaI zaMkAoM evaM kRSNa dvArA unake samAdhAna ko lekara chaThe adhyAya meM ullekha milatA hai ki jo vyakti zraddhA yukta (samyagdRSTi) hote hue bhI caMcala mana ke calate yoga pUrNatA ko prApta nahIM karate unakI kyA gati hotI hai ? isake samAdhAna meM zrI kRSNa spaSTatA karate haiM- caMcalatA ke calate parama lakSya ko prApta hue sAdhu samyaka zraddhA va AcaraNa yuta karma ke kAraNa brahma prApti kI 140

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yathArtha dizA meM rahatA hai kramazaH AtmA kI ora agrasara hone kI saMbhAvanA banI rahatI hai| jaina darzana meM pA~cave se gyArahaveM guNasthAna taka kI jo sthiti hai usakI tulanA isa avasthA se kI jA sakatI hai kyoM ki isa avasthA meM Atma tatva kA darzana hotA rahatA hai| dhIre-dhIre rAjasa bhAvoM va AcaraNa se usakI Asakti kama hotI jAtI hai aura satva guNoM kI upasthiti bar3hatI jAtI hai| yaha yoga pUrNatA yA mokSa jaisI sthiti hai| satva guNoM kI avasthA Adarza naitika stara hai| jaina darzana meM ise caramAdarza vikAsa yA 12veM guNasthAna kI dazA ke sAtha mApA jA sakatA hai| yahA~ sAdhaka ko kucha karane ko nahIM raha jaataa| DaoN. rAdhAkRSNana kA kathana hai ki sarvocca Adarza naitika stara se Upara uThakara jIva AdhyAtmika stara para pahu~catA hai| sAtvika acchAI bhI apUrva hai kyoMki isa acchAI ke lie virodhI ke sAtha saMgharSa kI zarta lagI rahatI hai| gItA ke anusAra triguNAtIta avasthA sAdhanA kI carama pariNati evaM vikAsa kI aMtima kakSA hai| guNAtIta avasthA ko prApta jIva ina guNoM se vicalita na hokara unameM hone vAle parivartanoM ko samyak bhAva se dekhatA hai| gItA darzana ke anusAra aisA isalie saMbhava ho pAtA hai kyoMki guNAtIta hokara AtmA ko jJAna guNa samyak ho jAtA hai| jaina darzana meM isakI tulanA sayoga kevalI nAmaka 13veM guNasthAna se tathA bauddha darzana kI arhata bhUmi se kI jA sakatI hai| aMtima avasthA triguNAtmaka deha mukti kI hai jisameM AtmA varaNa karatA hai paramAtma svarUpa kA AThaveM adhyAya meM zrI kRSNa ne kahA hai ki meM tujhe usa parama pada arthAt prApta karane yogya sthAna ko batAtA hU~ jise vidvAnagaNa akSara yA akSaraparamAtmA kahate haiM jisameM vItarAga muni brahmacarya ke sAtha praveza karate haiN| yoga caMcalatA ko roka kara prANazakti ko zIrSa mUrdhA meM sthira kara oma ke uccAraNa ke sAtha mere arthAt Atma tatva meM vilIna ho jAte haiN| kAlidAsa ne bhI yoga dvArA zarIra tyAgane kA nirdeza diyA hai| jaina darzana kI ayogakevalI nAmaka 14veM guNasthAna kI avasthA se isakI tulanA kI jA sakatI hai| pahale azubha va caMcala vRtti se pare honA samyagdRSTi ke sAtha zubha tatpazcAta zuddhAcaraNa meM pravRtta hokara Atma vizuddhi guNAtIta AtmA iSTa viyoga aniSTa saMyoga meM sama rahakara sabhI Arambha parigrahoM se pare hokara yoga bala se mana ke vyApAroM kA nirodha karatI hai| aMta meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yadyapi gItA meM guNasthAnoM kI bhA~ti kramika AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke sopAnoM kA vyavasthita svarUpa meM varNana nahIM hai tathApi gItA ke sAra ko saMkSepa meM niyata guNasthAna binduoM ke AdhAra ko nimna rUpa se bhI spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| 141

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mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna- yaha tamoguNa pradhAna sthiti hai| satvaguNa kI AMzikatA bhI tamo va rajoguNAdhIna rahatI hai| sAsvAdana- tamoguNa pradhAna hai kiMcita mAtrA meM satvaguNa kA prakAza hotA hai jaba taka AtmA patita hokara mithyAtva guNasthAna ko punaH prApta ho| mizra guNasthAna- yaha rajoguNa pradhAna hai| satva aura tama rajoguNAdhIna hote haiN| samyagdRSTi guNasthAna- vicAra samyakatva yA satva guNa prerita AcAra rajo evaM tamo guNa prerita rahatA hai| ataH vicAra kI dRSTi se yaha samanvita satvaguNa pradhAna avasthA hai tathA AcaraNa kI dRSTi se satva samanvita tamoguNa pradhAna avasthA hai| dezavirata samyakatva guNasthAna- vicAra kI dRSTi se satvaguNa pradhAna tathA AcAra kI dRSTi se Arambhika satva (aNuvratI) pradhAna hai| isalie yaha satvonmukhI rajoguNa pradhAna avasthA hai| pramattasaMyata guNasthAna- yahA~ AcAra pakSa para satvaguNa kA prabhutva thor3A bar3hatA hai aura tama tathA raja kI pradhAnatA na svIkArane kI zakti kA sRjana saMyamAdi ke calate hotA hai| apramattasaMyata guNasthAna- yahA~ satvaguNa kA tamoguNa para pUrA adhikAra yA vikAsa(kSayopazama yA kSaya) ho jAtA hai kintu rajoguNa para abhI adhikAra honA zeSa rahatA hai| apUrvakaraNa guNasthAna- yahA~ satva rajoguNa para pUrA kAbU pAne kA prayAsa karatA hai| anivRttikaraNa guNasthAna- yahA~ rajoguNa ko kAphI azAnta banAkara kAbU pAne kA prayAsa kiyA jAtA hai kintu rajoguNa pUrNatayA niHzeSa nahIM hotA hai| rAgAtmaka ati sUkSma lobha pravRttiyA~ chadmaveza meM avazeSa rahatI haiN| sUkSma sAmparAya guNasthAna- isameM rAjasa para pUrNa sthApatya ho jAtA hai| upazAntamoha guNasthAna- isa avasthA meM sAdhaka kI tamasa aura rAjasa avasthAoM kA pUrNa upazama unmUlana(yadi kSayopazama) na hone se satva kI sthiti kamajora par3a jAtI hai| kSINamoha guNasthAna- isa guNasthAna meM sAdhaka tamo-rajo guNa kA pUrNa nAza karake pahu~catA hai| satva guNa kA tamasa va rAjasa ke sAtha calane vAlA saMgharSa samApta ho cukA hotA hai| naitika pUrNatA kI isa avasthA meM ina tInoM guNoM kA sAdhana rUpI sthAna samApta ho jAtA hai| sayoga kevalI guNasthAna- yaha guNAtIta avasthA kI zuddha Atmatatva rUpa sthiti hai yadyapi zarIra ke rUpa meM isakA astitva rahatA hai phira bhI kevalajJAna kI AbhA meM aprabhAvita hI rahate ayoga kevalI guNasthAna- yaha gItA darzana ke mutAbika guNAtIta evaM dehAtIta avasthA hai jisameM sAdhaka yoga kriyA ke dvArA nazvara zarIra kA tyAga karatA hai| jaina paramparA meM isI avasthA ko ayoga kevalI ke rUpa meM jAnA jAtA hai| 142

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(ba) bauddha darzana aura guNasthAna avadhAraNA "mukti ke lie dUsarA Azraya mata DhUMDho / binA pramAda ke kisI kI kRpA para nirbhara rahe binA mukti hetu prayatnazIla raho, pavitra se pavitra jIvana bitAo tathA niyamita rupa se dhyAna va samAdhi karo" - buddha upadeza bhUmikA jaina darzana meM varNita guNasthAna kI isa vikAsa yAtrA meM caudaha caraNa haiM jisameM ArohaNa, patana, vikAsa eMva karma rahita hone kI vibhinna paddhatiyoM ko lekara niyata vyavasthAoM kA nirdeza hai| guNasthAna jIva kI AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA ke sopAnoM kI sthiti kA eka vizleSaNa hai jisakI mAnyatA ki jaise-jaise jIva Upara ke sopAnoM meM ArohaNa hetu vizuddhatara yA vizuddhatama naitika-cAritrika vizuddhatAyukta puruSArtha karatA hai vaise-vaise vaha jIvana ke aMtima dhyeya nirvANa yA mokSa ke nikaTa pahu~catA hai aura isa yAtrA ke uccatara mukAmoM para use alaukika AdhyAtmikatA kI sukhada anubhUti hotI hai| yahA~ nirvANa yA mukti kI kalpanA jIva kI samasta karmoM se mukti, saMkalpa-vikalpa rahita usake nija svarUpa meM lauTa Ane se kI gaI hai| jo guNa sahita hai vahI guNI hai| sAdhanA kI vibhinna uccatara avasthAoM meM pahu~cane hetu kina kina guNoM kA honA jarUrI hai isa vyavasthA athavA vidhAna ke saMkalita svarUpa ko guNasthAna ke nAma se jAnA jAtA hai| guNasthAna kA sIdhA sambandha yUM to jaina darzana se mAnA jAtA hai kintu bhArata ke prAyaH sabhI pramukha darzanoM meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI bAta apane apane tarIke se kI gaI hai| bauddha dharma kA vikAsa jaina AdhyAtmika paramparA ke samAnAntara rahA hai| isameM kitanI samAnatA dekhane ko milatI hai aura kitanI vividhatA - yaha jAnanA bhI abhyAsa kI dRSTi se tarkasaMgata lagatA hai| tAki mAnavopayogI guNasthAna siddhAnta kI sarvavyApaka upayogitA ko yathocita sthAna prApta ho ske| isase guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA kI sArvabhaumika svIkAryatA kI vaijJAnika AdhAra para puSTi kI jA sakatI hai| bauddha darzana evaM paramparA meM guNasthAnaka vikAsa kI sthitiyoM ke samakakSa aisI kainasI sthitiyAM va vidhAna upalabdha haiM, unakA vizleSaNa nimnavat rUpa me kiyA jA sakatA hai bauddha darzana va paramparA bauddha darzanam - buddhi tattva ko pradhAna mAnakara tattva vivecana karane vAlA darzana hI bauddha darzana kahA gayA hai| bauddha darzana ke 10 zIla arthAt AcaraNa ke 10 niyama isa prakAra haiM- satya, ahiMsA, acaurya, brahmacarya va aparigraha 5vrata tathA nRtyagAna - Amoda pramoda kA tyAga, sugandhita 143

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kA tyAga, asAmayika bhojana kA tyAga, komala zaiyyA kA tyAga aura kAminI va kaMcana kA tyaag| inaheM eka sAdhaka ke lie anivArya mAnA gayA hai| bauddha sampradAya ke cAra bheda (a) mAdhyamika bauddha- yaha zUnyavAdI sampradAya hai / isa sampradAya kI AsthA ke anusAra bhagavAna buddha dvArA diye gaye upadezoM meM se kevala sarva zUnyam ko pradhAnya diyA jAtA hai aura usI meM hI santuSTa hokara zUnya ko paramArtha satya samajhakara grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| (ba) yogAcAra bauddha- inako vijJAnavAdI bauddha kahA jAtA hai / kucha ziSya sarva zUnya meM viprattipatti dekhakara kahate haiM ki- sabhI ko zUnya mAnane para jJAna bhI usake antargata A hI jAyegA taba jJeya aura heya, sukha-duHkha ,saMsAra, bandha, nirvANa Adi kA bodha kisa AdhAra para hogA? bAhya sattA to anAdi karma vAsanAjanya hone se asat haiM jabaki vijJAna kI sattA hI paramArthika hai| (sa) sautrAntika bauddha- isa mata meM mAdhyamika aura yogAcAra kI apekSA bAhya sattA kA astitva svIkAra karane kI vizeSatA hai| ye citta tathA bAhya jagata donoM kI sattA mAnate haiN| ataH bAhya vastu aura usake astitva kA bodha karAne vAlA vijJAna donoM hI kA astitva mAnanA nitAnta Avazyaka hai| (da) vaibhASika- bAharI padArthoM kI sattA citta nirapekSa hai| bAhya tathA Antara padArtha kA astitva svataMtra rUpa se mAnA jAnA inheM yukta saMgata lagatA hai| ye bhUta, bhaviSyati aura vartamAna tInoM kAla ke astitva ko svIkAra karate haiN| bauddha darzana meM pratyakSa aura anumAna donoM hI pramANa mAne gae haiN| bauddha darzana ke cAra Arya satya - (ka) duHkha yA sarvama duHkha ma- saMsAra duHkhamaya hai| yahA~ duHkha kA Azaya hai- sAMsArika dhanadaulata ijjata Adi ke upArjana meM utpanna haA duHkh| dUsare usake saMrakSaNa meM Ane vAlA duHkha aura aMta meM usake upayoga kAla meM pratikUlatA ho jAne ke kAraNa utpanna huA duHkh| isIlie saMsAra ko daHkhamaya mAnA gayA hai| yaha 5 skaMdhoM meM kisI eka ko pakaDane se bhI ho sakatA hai| (kha) duHkha samudAya (duHkha kA kAraNa)- dUsarA Arya satya yaha hai ki duHkha akAraNa nahIM hai| jisa sukha ke sAtha lAlaca kI bhAvanA lagI rahatI hai, kabhI yahA~ to kabhI vahA~ sukha khojane kI vRtti rahatI hai jo aMtataH duHkha kA kAraNa banatI hai| duHkha ke jarA, maraNAdi, avidyA va tRSNA Adi mukhya bAraha kAraNa mAne jAte haiN| 144

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(ga) duHkha niroghaH (duHkha se mukti)- tIsarA Arya satya yaha hai ki duHkha kA nirodha saMbhava hai| duHkha ke kAraNoM(lobha, tRSNA) ko haTA dene se duHkha svataH samApta ho jAte haiN| ataH tRSNA para aMkuza vAchanIya hai| isako hI nirvANa arthAta mukti kA puruSArtha kahA gayA hai| (gha) duHkhanirodhagAminI pratipat ( duHkha nirodhagAmI mArga)- cauthA Arya satya yaha hai ki ina duHkhoM se chUTA jA sakatA hai| duHkha se chuTakArA pAne ke ATha mArga haiM yathA- samyaka jJAnadRSTi jo sadAcAra va burAI meM bheda jJAna kara ske| samyak saMkalpa kaSAyAdi vikalpoM ko tyAgane hetu dRr3ha manobala va icchAzakti, samyak vANI jisameM vinamratA va mRdutA kA puTa ho evaM asatya kaThora nindanIya va arthahIna vArtAlApa se dUra rhnaa|, samyak karmAnta vastuoM meM Asakti na rakhate hue satkarma krnaa|, samyak AjIvikA jIvana yApana hetu naitika dRSTi se jo niSedhita mArga haiM unakA anukaraNa na krnaa|, samyak vyAyAma arthAt AcAra vicAroM kI zuddhatA ko dhyAna meM rakhakara dharmadRSTiyukta AcaraNa krnaa|, samyak smRti arthAt Atma satarkatA- samasta kAryoM ko isa prakAra karanA ki AtmA va zarIra para niyantraNa rakhA jA ske|, samyak samAdhi cAra mahAna satyoM ko dhyAna meM rakhate hue citta ko ekAgra krnaa| (sahI vizvAsa, sahI irAde, sahI bhASaNa, sahI AcaraNa, sahI jIvana yApana, sahI prayatna, sahI mAnasika vyavasthA aura sahI dhyAna = zuddha aMtaHkaraNa va vivekayukta jJAna kA prakaTIkaraNa) / ye hI buddha ke aSTAMgika mArga haiM inake pAlana se hI nirvANa kI prApti ho sakatI hai| TippaNI- uparokta dazAoM ko jaina darzana meM varNita AdhyAtmika avikAsa se vikAsa kI sthitiyoM - Azrava (karma baMdha ke kaSAyAdi kAraNa), baMdha (kaSAyAdi pravRttiyoM meM Asakti arthAt lAlaca tRSNA), saMvara (lobharUpa pravRtti para roka arthAt bhAvI baMdha kA dRr3haicchAzakti pUrvaka nirodha) tathA nirjarA (puruSArthapUrvaka ina kaSAyAdi pravRttiyoM kA damana jisake pariNAma svarUpa nizcita rUpa se mukti kA mArga prazasta hotA hai|) ke sAtha tulanAtmaka paTala para dekhA jA sakatA hai| bauddha darzana ke do pramukha sampradAyaisa darzana ke do pramukha sampradAya hInayAna aura mahAyAna haiN| donoM kA lakSya va sAdhanAkrama Apasa meM nitAnta bhinna hai| hInayAna kA Adarza hai- arhata aura mahAyAna kA bodhistv| arhata vaha sAdhaka hai jo apane hI arthAt vyaktigata nirvANa ke lie sadA udyogazIla rahatA hai jabaki bodhisatva kA lakSya vyaktigata svArtha kI jagaha samUce prANiyoM ke paramArtha kA hotA hai| isalie ve sva nirvANa se saMtuSTa na hokara adhikatama logoM ko nirvANa kA anubhava karAnA cAhate haiN| hInayAna meM nirvANa ko duHkharUpa va mahAyAna meM AnandarUpa mAnA jAtA hai| 145

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hInayAna meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa- bauddha dharma meM bhI saMsArI jIvoM kI do zreNiyAM haiM1-pRthagjana- jo mithyAdRSTi jIva kI taraha hai tathA 2-Arya- jo samdRSTi sahita haiN| pRthagjana kI zreNI ko punaH do bhAgoM meM bA~TA gayA hai yathA- (a) aMdha pRthagjana bhUmi- jo mithyAtva yA ajJAna kI dyotaka hai tathA (ba) kalyANa pRthagjanabhUmi- jise majjhima nikAya meM dharmAnusarI yA zraddhAnusarI bhUmi kahA hai isa bhUmi kA sAdhaka nirvANa bhUmi kI ora abhimukha to hotA hai kintu use prApta nahIM kara pAtA / hInayAna sampradAya mAnatA hai ki Arya yA samyakatva para ArUr3ha hokara nirvANa siddhi kI prApti patha para nimna cAra bhUmiyoM se hokara gujaranA hotA hai yathA- srotApanna bhUmi- sakRdAgAmI bhUmi, anAgAmI bhUmi va arhata bhuumi| inake lakSaNoM kA vistRta vivaraNa isa prakAra hai1-srotApanna bhUmi- srotApanna kA zAbdika artha hai- sAdhanA yA kalyANa mArga para bar3hane vAlA saadhk| isa sthiti ko prApta karane hetu sAdhaka ko nimna saMyojana yA baMdha kA kSaya karanA hotA hai- (a) satkAya dRSTi- deha meM mamatva, zarIra ko AtmA mAnanA (svakAye dRSTiH candra kIrti) (ba) saMdehAtmakatA tathA (sa) zIlavrata parAmarza- vrata-upavAsa meM Asakti yA mAtra karmakANDa meM ruci| ina mithyA kriyAoM kI samApti para sAdhaka isa bhUmi se patita nahIM hotA aura isa bhUmi meM rahate hue cAra aMgoM se sampanna ho jAtA hai- buddhAnusmRti- buddha meM nirmala zraddA se yukta, dharmAnusmRti- dharma meM nirmala zraddhA se yukta, saMghAnusmRti- saMgha meM nirmala zraddhA se yukta tathA zIla evaM samAghi se yukta ho jAtA hai| inake calate sAdhaka ke AcAra-vicAra donoM zuddhatA ko prApta hote haiM vaha adhikatama sAta janmoM meM mokSa prApta kara letA hai| jaina darzana meM varNita sAtaveM apramatta saMyata guNasthAna kI tulanA srotApanna bhUmi se kI jA sakatI hai| vAsanA kI vimukhatA, zuddha-samyaka vicAra , naitika AcAra, tIvratama krodhAdi kaSAyoM kA kSaya, upazama yA kSaya Adi ghaTakoM kI kasoTI para ina donoM ke madhya samAnatA dikhatI hai| srotApanna avasthA meM kAmadhAtu (vAsanAe~) to samApta ho jAtI haiM lekina rUpa dhAtu (Azrava arthAta, rAga-dveSa va moha) zeSa rahatI haiM / (ba) sakRdgAmI bhUmi- isakI tulanA AThaveM guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai jahA~ bandha ke mUla kAraNoM rAga-dveSa para prahAra kara AgAmI AdhyAtmika avasthA ko nirbAdha banAyA jAtA hai jise jaina darzana meM kSINamoha guNasthAna kahA gayA hai use yahA~ anAgAmI bhUmi kahA gayA hai| isa bhUmi meM jAne se pUrva sAdhaka Azrava-kSaya arthAta, kAmarAga (vAsanA) tathA pratidha(veSa) kA kSaya karatA hai Azrava nirodha hI sakRdgAmI bhUmi para sAdhaka ko sthApita karatA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra yadi sAdhaka ina guNasthAnoM meM mRtyu ko prApta hotA hai to tIsare janma meM nirvANa ko prApta kara letA hai jabaki bauddha darzana ke anusAra sakRdAgAmI bhUmi 146

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ke sAdhanA kAla meM mRtyu ko prApta hone para sAdhaka eka hI janma dhAraNa karatA hai| yadi vaha agalI avasthA anAgAmI yA kSINa moha ko prApta hotA hai to isI bhava meM nirvANa prApta karatA hai ise lekara donoM meM mataikya dIkhatA hai| (sa) anAgAmI bhUmi- bauddha vicAra dhArA ke anusAra isa bhUmi ko prApta sAdhaka yadi bhAvI AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA prayAsa nahIM karatA to mRtyu hone para brahma loka meM janma lekara sIdhA nirvaNa ko prApta hotA hai| jabaki Age bar3hane vAlA sAdhaka zeSa pA~ca ur3aDhabhAgIya saMyojana-rUpa-rAga, arUpa rAga, mAna, audvityaaura AvidyA kA nAza kara aMtima arhatAvasthA meM praveza kI yogyatA hA~sila kara letA hai| sAmAnya rUpa se AThaveM se bArahave guNasthAna taka kI avasthAeM yahA~ A jAtI haiN| (da) arhatAvasthA- dasoM bandhanoM ko tor3akara eka bhikSu kRtakAya (usake lie kucha bhI karane ko zeSa nahIM rahatA tathApi saMgha sevA hetu vaha kriyAzIla rahatA hai) ho jAtA hai| yaha jIvAnumukti evaM nirvANa kI avasthA hai isakI tulanA sayoga kevalI guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| mahAyAna meM AdhyAtmika vikAsamahAyAna sampradAya meM dasa bhUmiyoM kA varNana hai jo mUlataH kramika AdhyAkmika vikAsa kI AvadhAraNA para AdhArita hai| mahAyAna sampradAya ke alaga-alaga sUtroM meM nAmoM kI vibhinnatA dekhane ko milatI hai| yathA- dazabhUmizAstra ke anusAra- (1) pramuditA (2) vimalA (3) prabhAkarI (4) arciSmati (5) mRdurjayA (6) abhimukti (7) dUrAMgamA (8) acalA (9) sAdhumati aura (10) dharma meghaa| mahAyAna ke saMkramaNa kAla meM likhe gaye mahAvastu nAmaka grantha ke anusAra- ( 1) durohA (2) baddhamAna (3) puSpa maMDitA (4)rucitA (5)citta vistAra (6( rUpamati (7) durjayA (8) janmanideza (9) yauvarAja aura (10) aabhissek| asaMga mahAyAna sUtrAlaMkAra meM prathama bhUmi kA nAma adhimukticArya bhUmi kahA hai kintu aMtima buddha bhUmi yA dharma meghA nahIM batAI gaI hai| laMkAvatAra meM dharma medhA aura buddha (tathAgata) bhUmi ko alaga-alaga batAyA gayA hai| uparokta varNita bhUmiyoM ko saMkalita karake AdhyAtmika vikAsa krama kI dRSTi se nimnavata rUpa se spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA hai| 1- adhimuktacaryA bhUmi- prathama bhUmi kI tulanA jaina darzana ke caturtha guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| isa bhUmi kA sAdhaka pudgala aura nairAtmya kA bheda jJAna rakhatA hai eka samyagdRSTi yA dRSTi vizuddhatA kI bhaaNti| 147

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2 pramuditA- yaha zIla vizuddhi kI prAthamika avasthA hai jise bodhicitta prasthAna bhI kahA jAtA hai| jaina paramparA meM isakI tulanA pA~caveM aura chaThe guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai jisameM cAritra vizuddhi hetu saMyama pAlanA hotA hai| sAdhaka ko bodha rahatA hai ki use niyata karmoM kA phala bhoganA hI hai ataH zuddha citta va zIla (caryA) ko saMtulita vanAye rakhane kA puruSArtha yahA~ hotA hai| 3- vimalA- yahA~ sAdhaka ( bodhisatva) anaitika AcaraNa se pUrNatayA mukta ho jAtA hai| duHkhazIlatA ke sampUrNa naSTa hone se parama zakti arthAta vimalamati kA prAkaTya vimalAvasthA hai| isakI tulanA apramattasaMyata nAmaka sAtaveM guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| 4 prabhAkarI - isa avasthA meM sAdhaka samAdhizakti se apane alaukika jJAna kA prakAza lokahita meM saMsAra meM phailAtA hai| isameM bhI sAtaveM guNasthAna samakakSa viziSTatAoM kA samAveza dRSTigata hotA hai| 5- arciSmatI- isa bhUmi meM klezAvaraNa va zreyAvaraNa (dveSa-rAga ) kA dAha hotA hai isalie isakI tulanA apUrvakaraNa nAmaka AThaveM guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| isa bhUmi meM sAdhaka vIrya paramitA kA abhyAsa karatA hai| 6- sudurjayA - isa bhUmi neM sAdhaka dhyAna pAramitA kA abhyAsa karatA hai| jaina darzana meM isakI tulanA AThaveM se gyArahaveM guNasthAna ke sAtha kI jA sakatI hai| yaha atyanta duSkara kArya hai| 7- abhimukhI- isa bhUmi meM prajJA kA udaya hone se sAdhaka nirvANonmukha ho jAtA hai lie saMsAra va nirvANa meM bheda nahIM rahatA / pUrNatA kI isa sthiti kI tulanA sUkSma- sAmparAya nAmaka 10veM guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| 8 dUraMgamA- yaha sAdhaka kI nirvANa prApti kI yogyatA ko darzAtI hai| yaha avasthA sAdhaka ke mana se saMkalpa vikalpa va pakSavAditA ko dUra kara nirmala zUnyatA se sAkSAtkAra karAtI hai jo sAdhanA kI pUrNatA kA dyotaka hai jo 12veM guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| 9 acalA- saMkalpa zUnya, viSayarahita, samAdhiyukta sAdhaka kI yaha acalA avasthA hai| yahA~ citta kI caMcalatA samApta ho cukI hotI hai / isakI tulanA sayoga kevalI nAmaka 13veM guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| 10. sAdhumatI- yahA~ bodhisatva meM samasta prANiyoM ke prati nirmala bhAva, vizleSaNAtmaka anubhava karane vAlI buddhi (pratisavinmati) kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai| yaha avasthA kamoveza 13veM guNasthAna se tulanIya hai| 148

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11. dharma meghA- megha kA artha hai AkAza | isameM samAdhi dharmAkAza ko prApta kara letI hai| sayoga kevalI kI bhA~ti jina samavazaraNa jaisI sthiti bauddha darzana kI dharma meghA avasthA meM dRSTigata hotI hai| samIkSAjaina tathA bauddha donoM hI darzanoM meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa pramukha hai tathA inakA aMtima lakSya bhI nirvANa hai| donoM kA hI yaha mAnanA hai ki AtmA ke isa naitika vikAsa ke AyAmoM meM vizuddhatA kA pramANa bar3hatA jAtA hai| bauddha darzana kAraNavAdI hai| isa mAnyatA ke mutAbika kAraNa ke binA koI ghaTanA ghaTita nahIM ho sktii| isa darzana meM karmavAda, kSaNikavAda, AtmA kI anityatA, Izvara kI sattA meM avizvAsa tathA nirvANakA AdarzavAda Adi siddhAntoM kA prabhAva (pratItya samutpAda kA niyama) spaSTa dekhA jA sakatA hai| AcArya haribhadra ne mahAyAna ke bodhisatva pada kI tulanA samyagdRSTi avasthA se kI hai| bodhisatva kA artha hai- jJAna prApti kA icchuk| jahA~ jaina paramparA (digambara aura zvetAmbara) meM guNasthAna kI caudaha bhUmiyAM batAI gaI haiM vahA~ bauddha paramparA meM mataikya haiN| **** 149

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(sa) yogaparamparA meM varNita AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM gaNasthAna bhUmikAvedAnta yoga ko jJAna ke sAdhana arthAt jJAna sAdhanA ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai tathA smRti, itihAsa, purANa tathA anya zruti meM bhI yoga kA jJAna-sAdhanatva prasiddha hai aura guNopasaMhAra nyAya se yoga kI hetu rUpatA svIkArya kI gaI hai| yoga vaziSTha darzana aura cintana grantha hindU paramparA kA vaha pramukha grantha hai jisameM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI vibhinna avasthAoM kA ullekha milatA hai| saMkhyA kI dRSTi se to ye jaina darzana meM varNita 14 guNasthAnoM ke samakakSa hI haiM tathA gahanatA va viSaya vastu kI dRSTi se bhI inakI jaina abhigama meM nikaTatA dekhane ko milatI hai| yoga bindu meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa ko lekara AcArya haribhadra ne isakI pA~ca bhUmiyAM batAI haiM- adhyAtma, dhyAna, bhAvanA, ekatA, tathA vRtti sNkssy| inameM prathama cAra ko unhoMne samprajJAt arthAt citta samatva tathA aMtima ko asamprajJAt bhUmikA arthAt Atma ramaNa (jo aMtima lakSya mokSa kI taraha hai) kahA hai| advaitamArtaNDa yoga ke viSaya meM vizada vivecana prastuta karatA hai| jJAnayoga tathA advaitayoga vividha yoga kA ullekha isameM kiyA gayA hai| prathama prakAra ke yega meM Atma evaM anAtma ke vivecana evaM jJAna kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai jabaki dvitIya prakAra meM abhedabhAva kA sthApana hotA hai| advaita mArtaNDa meM yoga kI sAta bhUmiyA~ batAI gaIM haiN| tIvra mokSa kI icchA vAlI jJAnAvasthA zubhecchA hai| zravaNamananarUpA vicAraNA hai| brahmAkAra sUkSma mana kI avasthA tanumAnasA hai siddha meM Asakti rUpa asaMzakti hai| brahmAtirikta padArtha kI bhAvanA na karane vAlI padArthabhAvanA hai tathA svarUpAtmaka bhUmi turyagA hai| prathama tIna sAdhana bhUmiyA~ haiM, caturtha saMprajJAta evaM phalAtmikA bhUmi hai tathA atiMma tIna asaMprajJAta bhUmiyA~ haiN| paMcama meM utthAna svayaM hotA hai tathA SaSThaM bhUmikA meM anya ke dvArA hotA hai| saptama bhUmikA meM vyutthAna svataH hotA hai na prtH| yoga dRSTi samuccaya evaM guNasthAnaAcArya haribhadra kRta yoga dRSTi samuccaya meM ATha dRSTiyoM kA ullekha hai jisameM cAra patana aura cAra AdhyAtmika utthAna kI dyotaka haiN| yoga ke ATha aMgoM - yama, niyama, Asana, praNAyAma, pratyAhAra, dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi Adi kI tulanA guNasthAna ke sAtha nimnavat rUpa se kI jA sakatI hai| 1.yama- ahiMsA, asteya, strIsaMgAbhAva tathA aparigraha ina paMcavidha mukhya yamoM ke atirikta kSamA, yuti, dayA, Ajarva, mitAhAra,zaucAdi kI yojanA dvArA dazavidha yamoM kI bhI prasiddhi 150

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dikhalAI hai| jaina darzana ke pramukha graMtha umAsvAmiracita tattvArtha sUtra ke sAtaveM adhyAya meM kahA gayA hai- "hiMsAnRtasteyAbrahmaparigrahebhyovirtivrataM" arthAt hiMsA, anRta, steya, strIsaMga, parigraha Adi niSidha karmoM ko na karane vAlA sAdhaka kahalAtA hai jise yoga darzana meM yama kahA jAtA hai| 2.niyama- karmaphala kI icchA na karanA, sakAma karmoM se lauTAkara niSkAma karma meM prerita karane vAle zauca, saMtoSa, svAdhyAya, Izvara-prANidhAna, prasiddha pA~ca niyama yoga darzana meM spaSTa kie gae haiN| tapa, saMtoSa, Astikya, dAna, IzvarapUjana, siddhAntavAkya-zravaNa, hrIM, mati, japa evaM huta Adi dazavidha niyama bhI carcita haiN| jaina darzana ke guNasthAnaka siddhaAna meM inakI upasthiti mAnI jAtI hai| 3.Asana- isameM baiThane jAMghake Upara donoM pAda-tala rakhakara, viparItakrama se hAthoM dvArA a~gUThe ko pakar3ane para padmAsana kI sthiti hotI hai| jAMgha ke bIca meM donoM Takhane rakhakara sIdhI taraha se baiThane para svAstika Asana kI avasthA hotI hai| eka jAMgha para eka pA~va tathA dUsarI jAMgha para dUsarA dA~va rakhane se vIrAsana hotA hai| yonisthAna meM pA~va kA agra bhAga lagAkara eka pA~va ko mer3ha para dRr3hatA se rakhakara, cibuka ko hradaya para sthira karake, sthANu ko saMyamita karake bhUmadhya bhAga meM dRSTi nizcala karake siddhAsana hotA hai| yaha Asana mokSa-dvAra ko kholane vAlA hai| 4.praNAyAma- Asana kI sthiratA ke anantara praNAyAma kA vidhAna hai| prANa aura apAna kA ekya hI praNAyAma hai tathA vahI haThayoga bhI hai| praNAyAma haThayoga ke bIja ke rUpa meM bhI svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai| praNAyAma caturvidha hai| (a)bAhyavRtti- recaka prakriyA dvArA udara- sthitavAyu kI bAhya-gati ko bAhara hI rokanA bAhyavRtti-praNAyAma hai| (ba)abhyaMtaravRtti- pUraNa vyApAra dvArA bhItara ko ora jAne vAlI vAyu ko bhItara hI roka lenA abhyaMtaravRtti praNAyAma hai| (sa)stambha-vRtti- recaka ora pUraka prayatna ke binA, avarodha prayatna dvArA eka hI bAra bAhya evaM abhyaMtara ke vicAra ke binA hI gati kA roka lenA stambhabRtti-praNAyAma kumbhaka hai| (da)turIya-bRtti- bAhya evaM abhyaMtara pravezoM meM sukSma dRSTi se vAyu kI bahuvidha prayatnoM se siddha hone vAlI stambha-bRtti hI turIyavRtti praNAyAma hai| 5.pratyAhAra- isameM indriyoM ko viSayoM se rake lAyA jAtA hai isalie yaha pratyAhAra kahalAtA hai athavA viSayoM se indriyoM kA balapUrvaka AharaNa hI pratyAhAra hai| 151

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6. dhAraNA- prANa aura mana ko vidhipUrvaka aMguSThAdicakroM meM sthira karanA dhAraNA hai athavA cittavRtti kI sthAna vizeSa meM sthiratA hI dhAraNA hai| 7.dhyAna- vRtti ke eka se bane rahane kI avasthA dhyAna hai aura yahI dhyAna yoga hai| isameM citta kI caMcalatA naSTa ho jAtI hai| 8. samAdhi- saMprajJatA samAdhi dhyAna kI hI parAkASThA hai| dhyeya mAtra kA sphuraNa ahaMkAra rahitabrahmAkAra vRtti kA udaya tathA tripuTIlaya Adi saMprajJAt samAdhi meM hotA hai| isI samAdhi ko laya yoga bhI kahA jAtA hai| zrI rAmacandra kRta sAmAyika pATha meM nimna uddhata paMktiyoM ke mAdhyama se samAdhi kI vibhAvanA ke isa prakAra darzAyA gayA hai he bhadra Asana loka pUjA saMga kI saMgata tathA / ye saba samAdhi ke na sAdhana vAstavika meM hai prathA / / samAdhi se abhiprAya savikalpa samAdhi hai| yama, niyama, Asana, praNAyAma aura pratyAhAra ye pA~ca yoga ke bahiraMga sAdhana haiM tathA dhAraNA, dhyAna aura samAdhi ye tIna yoga ke Antarika sAdhana haiN| dhyeyamAtra kA sphuraNa samAdhi hai aura svarUpa kA sphuraNa asaMprajJAtayoga hai| yoga bindu meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI sthitiyAM (1) mitradRSTi aura yama yama arthAt ahiMsAdi pA~ca mahAvratoM kA pAlana mitradRSTi sAdhaka karatA hai| isa avasthA kA Atmabodha samkatva sahita to hotA hai kintu zubha kriyAoM meM moha rAga yA ruci ke calate pUrNa parityaktatAyukta nahIM hotA / (2) tArAdRSTi aura niyama- isa dazA meM sAdhaka zauca, saMtoSa, tapa aura svAdhyAya Adi niyamoM kA pAlana karate hue zubha kAryoM ke prati aprema kA guNa va tatva jJAna kI jijJAsA kA sRjana kara letA hai| (3) balAdRSTi aura Asana- vyakti yahA~ manovikAroM va tRSNA ko zAnta karane kI zakti saMcaya karake yoga nirodha kA abhyAsa mana, vacana, kAya ke mAdhyama se karatA hai| isa avasthA kA tatva bodha kATha kI agni ke samAna hotA hai| (4) dIprAdRSTi aura praNAyAma- yaha yoga ke praNAyAma ke samAna hai jaise praNAyAma kI recaka, pUraka, aura kumbhaka tIna avasthAeM hai ThIka usI prakAra dIprAdRSTi kramazaH bAhya bhAva niyantraNa, Antarika bhAva niyantraNa tathA manobhAvoM kI sthiratArUpa kumbhaka jisameM sadAcAra kI jyoti prajvalita rahatI hai, ke samAna hotI hai kintu pUrNa naitika vikAsa ke abhAva meM isa avasthA meM patana kI sambhAvanA banI rahatI hai| ina cAroM avasthAoM meM Asakti rahatI hai, yathArtha bodha nahIM hotaa| 152

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(5) mithyAdRSTi aura pratyAhAra- isaavasthA meM vyakti satya yA yathArtha ko svIkAratA va samajhatA to hai kintu grahaNa nahIM kara pAtA yadyapi dizA va lakSya usake sAmane taya hote haiM kintu AcaraNa kA nimitta yA saMyoga nahIM mila pAtA ThIka sampadRSTi caturtha guNasthAna kI trh| (6) kAntAdRSTi aura dhAraNA- jisa prakAra citta kI sthiratA meM zuddhatA AdhAra rUpa hai usI prakAra kAntAdRSTi ke dvArA jIva sat-asat meM pUrNa bheda dRSTi ke sAtha Atmazuddhi ke patha para sAdhanA meM sthira hotA hai| isa dhAraNA ke samarthana meM chahaDhAlA kI chaThavIM DhAla kI ye paMktiyAM yukti saMgata pratIta hotI haiMjina parama painI subudhi chainI DAri aMtara bhediyaa| varaNAdi aru rAgAdi teM nija bhAva ko nyArA kiyA||8|| (7) prabhAdRSTi aura dhyAna- jahA~ dhAraNA meM eka dezIya citta kI sthiratA rahatI hai vahIM prabhAdRSTi aura dhyAna avasthA dIrghakAlika va citta kI pUrNa sthiratA kI dyotaka hai| kamoveza yaha sthiti jaina darzana meM AThaveM se bArahaveM guNasthAna meM dekhane ko milatI hai| yahA~ karma kSaya (kSINa prAya) ho jAtA hai| paM. daulatarAmajI apane bahu pracalita lokagraMtha chaHDhAlA meM kahate haiMnija mAhi nija ke hetu nijakara Apako Apai gayau / guNa guNI jAtA jJAna jJeya majhAra kachu bheda na rhyau|| (8) parAdRSTi aura samAdhi- adaveta mArtaNDa jJAnodaya meM samAdhi ke anuSThAna kI parama AvazyakatA dikhalAtA hai| manonAza-vAsanA-nAza tathA tatva-jJAna ke yugapada abhyAsa ke binA paramapada kI aprApti ke zruti-nirdeza dvArA yaha siddha kiyA hai ki savikalpaka samAdhi kA anuSThAna nitAnta anivArya hai| yaha sabhI yogAvasthA kA uttarArdha aura parAdRSTi kA pUrvArdha terahaveM guNasthAna jaisI samakakSatA rakhatA hai kintu isa aMtima yogAvasthA meM citta sampUrNa zAnta va pUrNa naitika sAdhana kI siddhi ko prApta hotA hai arthAt nirvANa kI prApti karatA hai| yaha caudahaveM guNasthAna se tulanIya hai| samAdhiphala-_yoga darzana meM samAdhiphala kA upa vibhAjana evaM vizleSaNa isa prakAra kiyA gayA (a) samprajJAta samAdhiphala-_savikalpaka samAdhi meM sAtvika vRtti kA dhyeya ke AkAra ke rUpa meM sadbhAva rahatA hai| samAdhi meM dhyAna-dhyAtA-dhyeya tripuTI kA vilaya nahIM hotaa| isa savikalpaka samAdhi ke cirakAlika anuSThAna ko samprajJAta yoga kahA hai| daulatarAma kRta chahaDhAlA meM dhyAna-dhyAtA-dhyeya tripuTI kI avasthA ko isa prakAra spaSTa kiyA gayA hai 153

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jahA~ dhyAna-dhyAtA-dhyeya ko na vikalpa vaca bhedana jhaaN| cid bhAva karma cideza kartA cetanA kriyA tahA~ / / 6 / / samAdhi anuSThAna dvArA apratyakSa artha kA sAkSAtkAra, kleza-nAza zubhAzubha karma vinAza tathA niruddha citta meM sAtvika vRtti kA nirodha karate hue asamprajJAta samAdhi kI upalabdhi hotI hai| jaina darzana meM mokSa ke lie zubhAzubha vRttiyoM kA nirodha jarUrI mAnA gayA hai| (ba) asamprajJAta samAdhi - savikalpa samAdhi kI parAkASThA dharmamegha samAdhi hai| pUrrupeNa vRttizUnya citta meM jaba saccidAnanda svarUpa kA sphuraNa hotA hai tabhI asamprajJAta-samAdhi hotI hai| (sa) nirbIja samAdhi zravaNa, manana evaM dhyAna ke abhyAsa dadvArA dharmamegha samAdhi kI prApti hotI hai| parama virakti pradhAna prajJA ke prasAda se anugRhIta AtmA paramAtmA kA sAkSAtkAra karatI hai aura isa prakAra nirbIja yoga prApta hotA hai yadyapi dvividha samAdhiyAM jIvana mukti ke lie apekSita kahI jAtI haiM tathApi nirvikalpaka samAdhi to jIvanmuktI kI hI hotI hai| yoga vaziSTha meM varNita caudaha guNa zreNiyAM yoga vaziSTha meM varNita caudaha guNa zreNiyoM ko do pramukha upa-vibhAgoM meM rakhA gayA hai| prathama vibhAga meM ina sAta bhUmiyoM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai jinakA sambandha ajJAna se hai tathA aMtima sAta bhUmiyoM meM una avasthAoM ko sammilita kiyA gayA hai jinakA sambandha jJAna yA jAgrata sthiti se hai| (a) ajJAna kI sAta avasthAaiM- ajJAna kI ye sAta avasthAaiM jJAnasAra meM nimnavat rUpa meM varNita kI gaI haiM- tatrAripitatamajJAna tasya bhUmirimaH zrRNu / biijjaagRttthaa-jaagRtmhaajaagRt-sushuptkm|| jAgRtasvapnastathA-svapnaH svapnajAgRta-suzuptakama / iti saptavidha mohaH punareva parasparam / / (jJAnasAra pUrNatASTaka) bhAvArtha - (1) bIjajAgrata avasthA bhvissyccit-dinaamshbdaarthbhaajnm| bIjarUpa sthitaM jAgRta bIja jAgRtamucyate / / yaha cetanA kI prasupta avasthA hai jo vanaspati jagata kI sthiti ke samakakSa hai| yahA~ aham bhAva kI anubhUti jAgRta nahIM hotii| jaina siddhAnta ke anusAra aise vanaspatikAya jIvoM meM cetanA ke aura adhika vikAsa kI kSamatA hote hue bhI vyakta nahIM ho pAtI mAtra bIjarUpa meM hI isakA astitva rahatA hai isIlie ise bIjajAgRta avasthA kahA jAtA hai| 154

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(2) jAgrata avasthA - eSA japternavAvasthA tvaM jAgRtsaMsRti zrRNu / navaprasUtAsya parAdayaM cAhamidamidaM ca mama || aham aura mamatva ke atyalpa vikAsa kI avasthA jAgrata sthiti mAnI jA sakatI hai| yaha pazujagata ke (trasa yA triyaJca) kITa pataMgo Adi asaMjJiyoM meM pAI jAtI hai| yahA~ alpAMza meM hI aham bhAva rahatA hai| (3) mahAjAgrata avasthApIvaraH pratyayaH prokto mahAjAgRditi sphuran / arUDhamathavArUDhaM sarvathA tnmyaatmkm|| isa avasthA meM aham bhAva kI vizeSa puSTi hotI hai| yahA~ mamatva ke pUrNa vikAsa va Atma cetanA (kArya karane kI zakti) kI sthiti ko samajhA jA sakatA hai| yaha avasthA deva yA sainI paMcendriyoM meM hotI hai| (4) jAgrata svapna avasthA - yajjAgRto manorAjyaM jAgRtasvapanaH sa uccate / dvicandrazuktikArUpya mRgatRSNAdi-bhedataH / / yaha manokalpanA yA divA svapna kI avasthA hai isameM bhrama yukta vyaktitva kI upasthiti hone se mRgamarIcikA rahatI hai| isake calate vaha jIva viSayavAsanAoM meM lIna rahatA hai| (5) svapna (nidrita) avasthA - abhyAsAt prApya jAgRtvaM svapnoneka vidhomabhavet / alpakAlaM mayA dRSTaM evaM no satyamitayapita || isa avasthA kI anubhUtiyoM ko nIMda ke pazcAt jAgane kI cetanA ke rUpa meM samajhA jA sakatA hai| isa dazA meM svapna meM dekhI vastu bhI satya pratIta hotI hai| (6) svapna jAgrata avasthA - nidrAkAlAnubhUterye nidrAnte pratyayo hi yaH / sa svapnaH kathitasyAn mahAjAgRtsthiterhadi / / cirasaMdarzanAbhAvAd praphullavRhadavapuH / svapno jAgRtayArUDho mahAjAgRtpadaM tataH || akSate vA kSate dehe svapnajAgRnsataM hi tt| SaDavasthA parityAge jaDA jIvasya yA sthitiH|| yaha eka prakAra kI svapnila cetanA hai jo jAgate hue sapane dekhane ke samAna hai| isameM dekhe hue svapnoM kI anubhUti yA smRti jIva ke hRdaya meM lambe samaya taka aMkita rahatI hai| (7) suSupti avasthA - bhaviSduHkhabodhAdayA soSupti zocyate gtiH| ete tasyAmavasthAyAM tRNa-loSTha shilaadyH|| Atma cetanA kI sattA hote hue bhI yaha jar3atA (svapna rahita nidrA) kI avasthA hai| jIva apanI AtmA ke karmAvaraNoM ke prati zoka to karatA hai kintu jar3atA ke kAraNa vAsanAtmaka pravRttiyoM ko haTA nahIM paataa| maMgatarAyakRta bAraha bhAvanA meM sArabhUta rUpa meM ajJAna kI sAta 155

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sthitiyoM ko lekara isa prakAra spaSTatA kI gaI hai - jala nahiM pAve prANa gamAve bhaTaka bhaTaka mrtaa| vastu parAI mAne apanI bheda nahIM krtaa|| (ba) jJAna kI sAta bhamikAeM- jJAna kI 7 bhUmikAoM ko nimna-likhita zlokoM ke dvArA spaSTa kiyA jA sakatA haijJAnabhUmiH zubhecchAkhyA prathamA smudaahRtaa| vicAraNA dvitIyA su tRtIyA tnumaansaa|| sattvApattizcaturthI syAttato saMsaktti naamikaa| padArthA-bhAvinI SaSThI sptamI turyagA smRtaa|| (u.pra.sa. pR.118) (1) zubhecchA avasthA - sthitaH kiM mUDha ? evAsmi prekSyehaM shaastr-sjjnaiH| vairAgya-pUrva-miccheti zubhecchetyucyate budhaiH|| isa bhUmi meM vairAgya bhAvanA ke udaya se jIva zubhopayoga kA samyak bodha prApta karatA hai| isa avasthA meM vaha svayaM se saMvAda karatA hai ki he Atman ! tU itanA mUr3ha kyoM ho rahA hai? hA~, maiM sacamuca mUr3ha to hU~ kintu aba zAstra va sada-saMgati se nijasvarUpa ko kalyANa kI bhAvanA ke sAtha smjheNgaa| (2) vicAraNA avasthA - shaastr-sjjn-sNprk-vairaagyaabhyaaspuurvkm| sadAcArapravattiryA procyate sA cicaarnnaa|| isa dazA meM sAdhaka sadAcAra meM pravRtta rahane kA nirNaya karatA hai aura aNuvratoM ke pAlana meM pravRtta ho jAtA hai| isakI tulanA 5veM dezavirata nAmaka guNasthAna se kI jA sakatI hai| (3) tanumAnasA avasthA - vicAraNA zabhecchAbhyAminadriyArthe evaM skttaa| vaktraM yAtra sA tanutAbhAvAt procyate tnumaansaa|| yaha icchAoM aura vAsanAoM ke kSINa hone kI avasthA hai| isa avasthA meM yaha kahanA ucita hogA ki sAdhaka kI icchAoM aura vAsanAoM ke prati Asakti kSINa-prAya (tanubhAva zeSa) ho jAtI hai| ise chaThaveM guNasthAna ke samakakSa mAnA jA sakatA hai| (4) satvApatti avasthA - bhUmikAtritayAbhyAsAccitterthe virtervshaat| satyAtmani sthitiH zuddhe stvaapttirugaahtaa|| yaha zuddhAtma svarUpa kI vaha avasthA hai jo jIva ko bAhya padArthoM se virakti ke pariNAmasvarUpa prApta hotI hai| yaha AtmA meM zuddha pariNAmoM kI sthiratA kA pratIka hai| 156

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(5) saMsakti avasthA - dazAcatuSTayAbhyAsAdaMsasarga-phalena c| rUDhasatvacamatkArAt proktA sNsktinaamikaa|| yaha Asakti ke vinAza kI asaMsarga yA anAsakti ke paripAka kI avasthA hai jisameM citta ke andara nirAtizaya AtmAnanda kA anubhava ho jAtA hai| (6) padArthabhAvanI avasthAbhUmikApaJcakAbhyAsAt svAtmArAmatayA dRddhm| AbhyantarANAM bAhyAnAM pdaarthaanaambhaavnaat|| paraprayuktena ciraM prytnenaarth-bhaavnaat| padArthabhAvanA nAmnI SaSTI saMjAyate gtiH|| yaha bhogecchA ke pUrNataH vinAza kI avasthA hai jisameM bAhya aura abhyantara padArthoM kI bhAvanA dRr3hatApUrvaka chUTa jAtI hai aura zarIra kI sthiti bhI para prayoga ke nimitta (triyoga janita) se rahatI hai jIva kI icchA para saMcAlita nahIM hotii| (7) turyagA avasthA - bhUmiSaTkacirAbhyAsAd bhedsyaanuplmbhtH| yatsvabhAvaikaniSThatvaM sA jJeyA turygaagti|| ___yaha dehAtIta vizuddhi va AtmaramaNa kI avasthA yA muktAvasthA hai| ise jIvAnmukta avasthA kahate haiN| isa bhUmi kI tulanA 13veM guNasthAna ke uttarArdha se kI jA sakatI hai| uparokta caudaha bhUmiyoM kA guNasthAna se tulanAtmaka vizleSaNa karane para spaSTa hotA hai ki yogavaziSTha meM varNita prathama sAta avasthAeM mithyAtva guNasthAna tathA adhikatama tRtIya mizra guNasthAna ke sAtha samatulyatA rakhatI hai jise AdhyAtmika avikAsa kahA jAtA hai| jJAna kI sAta bhUmiyoM meM se pahalI tathA dUsarI kA pUrvArdha caturtha samyaktva guNasthAna jaisA hai jisameM sAdhaka samyagdarzana ke sAtha AdhyAtmika yAtrA kI ora Arambhika kadama rakhatA hai isa dvitIya bhUmi kA uttarArdha tathA tIsarI bhUmi kA pUrvArdha dezavirata, pramatta saMyata, apramatta guNasthAna ke samAna pragati patha para bar3hane kA prayAsa hai| tIsarI bhUmi ke uttarArdha meM 8-9veM guNasthAna jaisI anubhUti kI apekSA kI jA sakatI hai| cauthI bhUmi kI samAnatA 10veM aura 11veM guNasthAna se kara sakate haiM jabaki pA~cavI asaMzakti bhUmi meM jIva ke pariNAma 12veM guNasthAna ke samakakSa pratIta hote haiN| isI krama meM chaThavI bhUmi kI lAkSaNikatAeM sayoga kevalI guNasthAna se milatI-julatI hai| samIkSAtmaka rUpa se yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki zeSTha meM varNita 14 threNiyA~ bhale hI jyoM kI tyoM mela na khAtI hoM phira bhI donoM yogavaziSTha meM varNita 14 darzanoM ke abhigama lakSya siddhi ke patha ko lekara uccastara para sAmyatA kA parimANa milatA 157

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yoga darzana meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI avasthAe~yoga sAdhanA kA aMtima lakSya hai| citta nirodha arthAt (mana) yogika caMcalatA (mana,vacana,kAya) ko kAbU meM rakhanA hI yoga nirodha hai| isalie yoga bhI citta kA dharma hai| duHkha aura vyAkulatA se mukti evaM zAzvata sukha kI anubhUti hetu isakA naSTa honA aparihArya hai| "citta meM satva- rajata-tamasa ina tIna guNoM kI vidyamAnatA rahatI hai|" vAstava meM yaha asthiratA rAga-dveSAdi, saMkalpa- vikalpa ke calate utpanna hotI hai| citta kI vizaSTatA ko usakI pA~ca avasthAoM athavA bhUmiyoM ke mAdhyama se samajhA jA sakatA hai(1) mUr3ha avasthA- yaha tamoguNa pradhAna avasthA hai jahA~ ajJAna aura Alasya kA sAmrAjya hotA hai| aisA jIva adharma va avairAgyAdi viSayoM meM pravRtta hotA hai| jaina darzana ise mithyAtva ke rUpa meM varNita karatA hai| (2) kSipta avasthA- yaha rajoguNa pradhAna avasthA hai jisameM bhautikatA ke prati anurAga, Asakti yA mUrchA hotI hai, viSaya-vAsanA yukta caMcalatA hotI hai tathA jIva vAsanAoM kA dAsa hone se duHkhI rahatA hai| yaha mizra guNasthAna se tulanIya hai| (3) vikSipta avasthA - citta kI thor3I kama caMcalatA hI vikSipta cittamaya hai| isakA Azaya bhogoM se virati yA niSkriyatA athavA prayAsa pUrNa alpatA kI Arambhika sthiti se liyA jA sakatA hai jahA~ tamo aura rajoguNa kA satvaguNa se saMgharSa Arambha hotA hai| sAdhaka tamo-rajo pravRttiparaka bhAvoM ko dabAne kA prayAsa karatA hai jabaki ye zubhA-zubha karma use vikSobhita karate haiN| isakI Arambhika dazA kI tulanA samyagadRSTi guNasthAna se tathA uttarArdha ko pA~caveM aura chaThaveM guNasthAna ke samIpa mAnA jA sakatA hai| bauddha paramparA meM yaha srotApanna bhUmi ke nikaTa pratIta hotI hai| (4) ekAgra avasthA - rajo-tamo vRttiyoM kA nirogha karake sAtvika vRttiyoM kI pradhAnatA se sadaiva eka hI viSaya kA dhyAna ekAgra citta kahalAtA hai isase rajo tathA tamo vRtti kA nirodha hotA hai lekina sAtvika vRtti zeSa rahatI hai| isI meM saMprajJAta yoga hotA hai| yaha cetanA kI pUrNa jAgrata avasthA hai jahA~ vAsanAoM ko kSINa (jIrNa-zIrNa) kara sAdhaka sAtaveM se 12veM guNasthAna samakakSa taka kI vikAsa yAtrA taya karatA hai| (5) niruddha avasthA - isa bhUmi meM sAdhaka cetana sva-svarUpa meM sthira hokara hara taraha ke pariNAmoM kA pUrNa nirodha karatA hai| trividha vRttiyoM kA nirodha karane para jaba citta saMskAra mAtra avaziSTa rahatA hai taba niruddha kahA jAtA hai| 13veM aura 14veM guNasthAna kI viziSTatAoM ke samakakSa ise rakhA jA sakatA hai| 158

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samIkSA aMta meM yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki yoga darzana vizva aura bhArata ke prAcIna darzanoM meM se eka hai| saiddhAntika taura para isameM bhI AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI kramabaddha vyavasthAoM kA ullekha milatA hai jailA ki jaina darzana meM varNita guNasthAna abhigama meM pravadhAna haiN| yadyapi guNasthAna zreNiyAM yoga darzana meM jyoM kI tyoM nahIM milatI tathApi samAna bhAvanA vAlI AdhyAtmika vizuddhi kI bhinna avasthAoM kameza inake sAtha va samakakSa avazya rakhA jA sakatA hai| isakA artha itanA avazya nikalatA hai ki guNasthAna AdhyAtmika utthAna patana kI jina vyavasthoM kA ullekha karatA hai vaha nirI kalpanA mAtra nahIM hai apita tArkikatA va naitikatA kI kasauTI se bAhara nikale saiddhAntika vyavahAroM kA sAmAnyIkaraNa hai| 159

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(da) varNa vyavasthA meM nihita AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke pratimAna evaM guNasthAna bhamikAvarNa vyavasthA bhAratIya saMskRti kI vaha amUlya dharohara hai| yaha samanvita vikAsa kI dizA meM mAnava samudAya kI vaha nidhi hai jisake dvArA mAnava apane jIvana kI sArthakatA siddha kara samayasara apanI saphalatA ke maMjiloM ke pAyadAna car3hatA calA jAta hai| isameM mAnava jIvana ke sampUrNa AyuSya kA vaijJAnika dRSTikoNa se Ayojanabaddha vibhAjana ko darzAyA gayA hai| Ayu ke kisa hisse kA makasada kyA honA cAhie aura kyoN| apanI vyAvahArika jimmedAriyAM nibhAte hue kaise nizcayanaya ke AdhAra ko uttarottara sudRr3ha kiyA jA sakatA hai| yaha kramabaddha rUpa se mAnava samudAya ko vyaktigata rUpa se guNoM se yukta karane kI vyavasthA hai jisameM Agrima avasthA meM parivartana ke sAtha guNoM ke vikAsa kI avasthA meM vRddhi hotI hai| jaina darzana meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI yahI dazA guNasthAna siddhAnta ke rUpa meM jAnI jAtI hai| guNasthAna kA sIdhA sambandha yUM to jaina darzana se mAnA jAtA hai kintu bhArata ke prAyaH sabhI pramukha darzanoM meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI bAta apane apane tarIke se kI gaI hai| isameM kitanI samAnatA dekhane ko milatI hai aura kitanI vividhatA- yaha jAnanA bhI abhyAsa kI dRSTi se tarkasaMgata lagatA hai| isase guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA kI loka yA sArvabhaumika svIkAryatA kI jhalaka milatI hai aura vahIM dUsarI ora isa dhArmika avayava ko vaijJAnika AdhAra milatA hai / hindU vaidika saMskRti meM jIvana kI cAra avasthAeM evaM gaNasthAnalakSI sAmya - hindU vaidika saMskRti meM jIvana kI cAra avasthAoM ke mAdhyama se naitika va Atmika sthitiyoM kI bAta kahI gaI hai jinheM yahA~ varNa vyavasthA ke cAra Azrama kahA gayA hai - (1) brahmacarya (2) gRhastha (3) vAnaprastha evaM (4) sNnyaas| guNa dhAraNa ke lakSaNoM ke AdhAra para ina cAra varNAzrama kI vyavasthA meM jina dhyeyoM ko pradhAnatA dI jAtI hai ve nimna likhita ho sakate haiM1. sIkhanA, jAnanAH samyaka jJAna va darzana kI anubhUti 2. niSkAma purUSArtha va sAMsArika dAyitvoM kA naitikatA ke sAtha nirvAha Asakti rahita jIvana vyavahAra kA abhyAsaH rAga daveSa Adi vikArI bhAvoMko haTAnA, mamatva va tRSNA meM kamI tathA paMcendriya sNym| la 160

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4. Atma sAdha sArikatA kA tyAga evaM kaThora tapascaryA kA AcaraNa jaina darzana kA Agama graMtha SaTkhaNDAgama jIva ke guNasthAna saMbaMdhI sthitiyoM ko vivecana karatA hai| yaha batAtA hai ki AdhyAtmika kisa avasthA taka pahu~cane ke lie kina guNoM kA honA jarUrI hai| jo guNa sahita hai vahI guNI hai| guNa sahita hone kI pratIti do rUpoM meM hotI hai- dravyAcaraNa aura bhaavaacrnn| dravyAcaraNa se hamArA Azaya laukika vyavahAra yA kriyAoM se hai tathA bhAvAcaraNa kA Antarika vizuddhatA se hai jisakI Atmika vikAsa meM aham bhUmikA hotI hai| veza, karmakANDIya prathAeM Adi laukika naitikatA kA pratinidhitva karatI haiM isase Upara kI avasthAoM meM ArohaNa hetu dRr3ha bhAva kI vizuddhi kI anivAryatA bar3ha jAtI hai| Atma vizuddhi kI yAtrA meM vikArI pariNAmoM para jaya pAne hetu upazama va kSaya do mahatvapUrNa vidhiyAM haiN| upazama vidhi ke tahata vikArI bhAvoM kA bar3hanA to rUkatA hai kintu usakA prabhAva alpakAlika rahatA hai| kyoMki isa vidhi ko apanAne meM ina bhAvoM ko rokane kI dRr3hatA va AtmavizvAsa kA stara vyakti meM nimna pAyA jAtA hai aura samaya ke sAtha isakI pakar3a DhIlI par3ate hI vikArI bhAvoM kA prabhutva punaH bar3ha jAtA hai tathA isI ke calate vartamAna avasthA se patonmukha ho jAtA hai| isake viparIta AtyAtmika utthAna kI anya vidhi kSaya hai jisameM vyakti kA apane saMkalpoM ke prati AtmavizvAsa va dRr3hatA kA stara prabala pAyA jAtA hai aura vaha apanI arjita guNa grahaNa sthiti se patita nahIM hotA vikAsa patha meM usake kadama DagamagAte nahIM haiN| varNa vyavasthA meM mAnava jIvana kI utkRSTa Ayu sau varSa mAnate hue pratyeka Azrama kA kAla paccIsa varSa mAnA gayA hai| yahA~ kramAnusAra vyakti agale Azrama meM praveza karatA calA jAtA hai| yahI naitika vikAsa yAtrA ke AdhAra staMbha haiN| varNa vyavasthA ke cAra Azrama aura guNasthAna kI sthitayoM kA vizleSaNa isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai(1) brahmacarya AzramaArambhika paccIsa varSa saMyama va sva- anuzAsana ke sAtha jJAnArjana meM vyatIta karanA, sacce jJAna ko grahaNa karanA tathA vAstavika jIvana kA abhyAsI bananA hI brahmacarya Azrama hai| AcArya tulasI kahate haiM- nija para zAsana phira anushaasn| guNasthAna caturtha guNasthAna taka Upara kI aura bar3hane hetu samyakatva ke jJAna kI bAta para bala diyA gayA hai aura isa Azrama vyavasthA ke prathama caraNa meM isI sAdhanA kI bAta kahI gaI hai jo isakI sAmyatA prakaTa karatI hai| brahmacarya Azrama meM vyakti ko na sirpha samyakatva kA bodha hotA hai apitu caturtha guNasthAna se Upara kI sthitiyoM ke samarUpa anuzAsanabaddha vyavahAra kA prayogAtmaka anubhava zikSaNa ke tahata karAyA jAtA hai jo usake grahasthAzrama meM praveza evaM nItimattApUrNa jIvana 161

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yApana ke dAyitva nirvAha meM sahAyaka siddha hotA hai| isa prakAra se yaha pA~cave dezavirata guNasthAna kI Arambhika sthiti kI pUrva taiyArI se sarokAra rakhatA hai| (2) gRhastha Azramayaha Azrama eka sad-gRhastha ke rUpa meM apane niyata dAyitvoM se jur3A hai| gRhasthI kA upayoga karate hue bhagavada bhakti ko na visarAnA, ucita-anucita ke bheda ko sadaiva apane vyavahAra meM amalI banAnA tathA isa prakAra se kArya karanA jisase dUsaroM kA nukasAna na ho yahI gRhasthAzrama kI viziSTatAeM haiN| gRhastha dharma kA pAlana karate hue Atma cintana ko na bhUlanA aura bhautika sukha suvidhAoM ke prati mamatva itanA na bar3hA lenA ki jisase usake na hone para dukha va hone para atireka khuzI kA ahasAsa ho| guNasthAna kI sthitiyoM ke saMdarbha meM grahasthAzrama pA~cave guNasthAna taka hI zrAvaka ko le jAtA hai| (3) vAnaprastha Azramayaha AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA kA pUrvArdha mukAma hai| gRhasthAzrama ke pazcAt vyakti ko icchA yA indriya nirodha karanA hotA hai| jisa prakAra brahmacarya Azrama sada grahastha kA jIvana jIne hetu zikSaNa-prazikSaNa kA kArya karatA hai ThIka usI prakAra vAnaprastha Azrama vairAgya kI pariNati kI ora pahalA kadama hai jisameM grahastha utkRSTa zrAvaka banakara zubhAcaraNa ke sthAna para aba zuddhAcaraNa kA abhyAsa karane lagatA hai| apanA mamatva saMsArI vastatuoM se haTAne lagatA hai| grahasthI meM rahate hue bhI grahastha na hone kA ahasAsa hI vAnaprastha Azrama kI dazA hai| jisa prakAra chaH khaNDa ke cakravartI mahArAja bharata ko ghara meM hI vairAgI kahA jAtA thaa| ve saMsAra meM rahate hue brahmajJAna ke sAdhaka the| isalie yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki isa virakta bhAva ke calate hI unheM kapar3e utArate hI kevalajJAna ho gayA thaa| dravyaliMgI guNasthAnaka avasthAoM ke AdhAra para to vAnaprastha Azrama pA~cave guNasthAna kA uttarArdha va chaThaveM guNasthAna ke pUrvArdha ke samakakSa hai kintu yahi mahArAja bharata kA hI udAharaNa leM to guNasthAna kI bhAvaliMgI avasthAoM meM ye 10 se 12 veM guNasthAna taka kI sthiti hai| 4- saMnyAsa AzramasaMnyAsa kA sAmAnya zabdArtha hai prakaTa aura aprakaTa vastuo meM moha yA mamatva rahita nyAsa (Trusteeship) bhaav| lAbha-hAni, rAga-dveSa jaise vikAroM se pare hokara apanI AtmA ke cintana meM magana hotA hai| vaha mAnava jIvana kA aMtima evaM sarvotkRSTa Azrama hai sNnyaas| sAMsArika vRttiyoM kA pUrNa nirodha kI sAdhanA isa Azrama meM rahakara kI jAtI hai| moha-mAyA va rAga-dveSAdi se dUra vaha paramAtma prApti kA puruSArtha ekAgra hokara karatA hai tathA parama siddhi ko prApta karatA hai| saMnyAsa Azrama chaThaveM guNasthAna se Age ke samasta guNasthAnoM kA 162

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samAveza karatA hai jisameM samakatva ke AcaraNa vAlI mahAvratI kI dravyaliMgI avasthAoM tathA uttarottara kSaya kI dRr3hatA ke sAtha Age sAdhanA patha para bar3hate hue bhAvaliMgI avasthAoM sa gujarakara 14veM guNasthAna taka pahu~cane kI kriyAeM isa Azrama meM sammilita mAnI jA sakatI haiN| manu ne mAnava jIvana ko nItimaya va dharmAcaraNa ke anurUpa banAne hetu nimna likhita dasa guNoM ko Avazyaka mAnA hai - dhRtiH kSamA damosteyaM shaucmindriy-nigrhH| dhIvidyA satyamakrodho dazakaM dharmalakSaNam || dhRti kA artha hai dhairya, santoSa, dRr3hatA, AtmanirbharatA svaavlmbn| kSamA kA artha hai samartha hokara bhI dUsaroM ke apakAra ko sahana krnaa| dama- mana kA niyamana yA niyantraNa karanA hI dama kahalAtA hai| mana ke saMyama ke abhAva meM manuSya kAma-krodha Adi ke vaza hokara patha bhraSTa ho sakatA hai| asteya- asteya kA artha hai anyAya se, chala-kapaTa yA corI se dUsaroM kI vastu kA apaharaNa karanA / zauca kA artha pavitratA se liyA jAtA hai| yaha do prakAra se hotI hai- mRtikA aura jala Adi se zuci jo bAhya zauca hai jabaki dayA, paropakAra, titikSA Adi guNoM se Abhyantara zaucamAnA jAtA hai| indriya - nigraha - zabdAdi viSayoM kI ora jAne vAlI cakSurAdi indriyoM ko apane vaza meM rakhanA indriya nigraha hai| tatva jJAna ko hI dhI kahate haiN| vidyA kA artha hai Atma jnyaan| yathArtha bAta ko kahanA hI satya hai| krodha kA kAraNa upasthita hone para bhI krodha kA utpanna na honA akrodha jana darAna samIkSA jaina darzana meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI dRSTi se yadi ina AzramoM kI sopAna sthitiyoM kA vizleSaNa kareM to hama pAte haiM ki jaina darzana meM malataH do sthitiyA~ hI haiMgRhastha aura sNnyaas| hAlAMki gRhastha sthiti ke upabheda ho jAne se gRhastha va vAnaprastha Azrama kA saMyukta rUpa jaina darzana yuta isa avasthA meM dekhA jA sakatA hai yathA caturtha va paMcama guNasthAnadhArI samyaktvI gRhastha isa Azrama kA adhikArI hai kintu usa kI kriyAe~ paMcama guNasthAna meM ati utkRSTa zrAvaka kI ho jAtI hai jo vAnaprastha Azrama kI avasthA se kamoveza mela khAtI pratIta hotI hai| vaidika paramparA meM saMnyAsa kI eka avasthA ko hI dekhA jAtA hai jabaki guNasthAnaka paramparA meM Antarika evaM bAhya AcaraNa ke AdhAra para kaI bheda-vibheda kara diye gaye haiM yathA sAtaveM se caudahaveM guNasthAna tk| isameM utthAna patana donoM ke hI vidhAna haiM jabaki Azrama vyavasthA meM isa taraha kI vyavasthAoM kA spaSTa ullekha nahIM milatA hai phira bhI nirvivAda rUpa se yaha spaSTa taura para kahA jA sakatA hai ki donoM hI darzanoM meM AdhyAtmika utthAna patha kI mUla bhAvanAoM meM koI vizeSa aMtara nahIM hai| 163

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guNasthAna patha meM hAra to hai hI nahIM, hai to sirpha jIta kA primaann| yahA~ koI kisI kA mArga avarodhaka nahIM banatA apitu jIta ke mArga para agrasara hone ke samaya sahadharmI sAdhaka vAtsalyapane kA bhAva lie abhipreraka banatA hai| isameM na rAga hotA hai aura na hI dveSa, sirpha hotA hai sahapathaanugAmI ke prati nizkAMchita prem"| isa prakAra kA anokhA pragati patha guNasthAna hI hai jo apane sahaabhyAsI sAdhaka jIvoM ko prema va sahakAra kI bhAvanA ke sAtha preraNAtmaka saMvega pradAna karatA hai isa laukika duniyA ke mAnya pratimAnoM ke viparIta samarpita zraddhAnugAmI sAdhaka guNasthAnaka avasthAoM kI jarUratoM ke anurUpa svayaM ko DhAlate hue paramasiddha pada meM lIna hokara cira Ananda kI anubhUti karatA hai| aMta meM yaha kahanA atizayokti nahIM hogA ki guNasthAna avadhAraNA ke tAra eka sukhamaya mAnava jIvana va mAnavIya mUlyoM se jur3e hue haiN| isameM nihita haiM jiyo aura jIne do, bahujana hitAya bahujana sukhAya jaise mUlya jo na sirpha mAnava jAti kI apit samagra jIva sRSTi kA uddhAra karane meM nirNAyaka bhUmikA nibhA sakate haiN| 164

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upasahAra mAnavIya mano-sAmAjika upAdeyatA kI vikAsa yAtrA patha meM..... guNasthAna adhyayanaH guNasthAna AdhyAtmika vikAsa yAtrA ke sopAno samajhane kA eka utkRSTa graMtha hai| jo jaina dharma ke vividha graMtho, zAzvata abhigama tathA vizva ke anya dharmoM meM varNita AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke sopAnoM ke sAtha sIdhA sarokAra rakhatA hai| ina sabhI meM hUbahU samAnatA paraspara dRSTigata nahIM hotI to sIdhA virodha bhI dekhane ko nahIM miltaa| guNasthAna meM rAga dveSa rahita samyakatvI soca Arambhika caraNa meM AkAra letI hai jo mAnava samAja kI vaicArika vizuddhatA kA pratinidhitva karatI hai| isa abhigama ko samajhakara tathA isa dizA meM vivekapUrNa AcaraNa karake mAnava samAja meM paraspara samabhAva kI prathA koapanAne kI ora agrasara hotA hai (bhautikatAvAda tathA AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke madhya saMtulana sthapita karatA hai, tathA dhIre dhIre satata bhautikavAditA se Upara uThakara mAnavIya va AdhyAtmika mUlyo meM soca ko dRr3ha karatA jAtA hai, saMyamita jIvana meM apanI AsthA ko niraMtara majabUta karate hue sabhI ke lie saMsAdhanoM kA upayoga sulabha banAtA hai, prakRti ke ghaTakoM kA anAvazyaka vinAza ko burA mAnatA hai aura sarva ke astitva ke prati saMvedanazIla banatA hai| guNasthAna vikAsa yAtrA ke agrima caraNoM meM(dezavratI AcaraNa) vaha spaSTa samajha ke isa soca para amala karanA Arambha karatA hai jisase usakI kathanI karanI kA bheda samApta ho jAtA hai| isase paraspara vizvAsa kI jar3e majabUta hotI haiN| saMsAdhanoM ke prati Asakti arthAt moha kA kSaya hone se samAjika vikAroM kI jar3o- jara ,joru, jamIna Adi ko poSaNa hI nahIM mila pAtA jo saMgharSa rahita zAMtipUrNa svastha samAja kI nIMva rakhI jA sasthApanA kI ora le jAtA hai| guNasthAna vizleSaNa kA manovaijJAnika pakSa vyakti ko samAja evaM sampUrNa samaSTi yA sRSTi ke hitoM ke sAtha sAmya sthApita karane meM Antirika zaktiyoM ko dRr3ha banAte hue soca ko spaSTa karatA hai jisase vaha AvazyakatAoM ko upalabdha saMsAdhanoM kI tulanA meM atyaMta maryAdita (saMyamita) karake parama saMtuSTi kA anubhava karane lagatA hai, ApAdhApI, anAvazyaka saMgraha kI vRtti kI bhAgadaur3a evaM anaitika tathA avivekapUrNa vyavahAroM para roka lagAkara sva vikAsa kI ora unamukha hotA hai| usameM sakArAtmaka manovRtti kA prasAra hotA hai, mohAMdhatA kI jagaha snehila vAtsalyatA rahatI hai tathA ucita anucita kA bodha rahatA hai| guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA meM saMsAra se jur3I avasthAoM (4-5 guNasthAna) meM rAmarAjya kI kalpanA ko sAkAra karane kA vAtAvaraNa nirmita karane kA pUrNa avakAza milatA hai| yaha bhAvanAtmaka vizuddhi mano-sAmAjika vyavahAroM ko mAnavIyatA ke kSitija para utkRSTatA pradAna karane meM aham bhUmikA nibhA sakatI 165

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hai| saMgharSa rahita samAja kI dizA meM soceM to hama pAte haiM ki guNasthAna patha meM hAra to hai hI nahIM, hai to sirpha jIta kA primaann| yahA~ koI kisI kA mArga avarodhaka nahIM banatA apitu jIta ke mArga para agrasara hone ke samaya sahadharmI sAdhaka vAtsalyapane kA bhAva lie abhipreraka banatA hai| isameM na rAga hotA hai aura na hI dveSa, sirpha hotA hai sahapathaanugAmI ke prati nizkAMchita prem| isa prakAra kA anokhA pragati patha guNasthAna hI hai jo apane sahaabhyAsI sAdhaka jIvoM ko prema va sahakAra kI bhAvanA ke sAtha preraNAtmaka saMvega pradAna karatA hai isa vartamAna laukika duniyA ke saphalatA mAnaka pratispardhI mAnya pratimAnoM ke vipriit| samarpita zraddhAnugAmI sAdhaka guNasthAnaka avasthAoM kI jarUratoM ke anurUpa svayaM ko DhAlate hue paramasiddha pada meM lIna hokara cira Ananda kI anubhUti karatA hai| jIva jaba taka saMsAra meM rahegA taba taka zAsvata sukha kI prApti nahIM hogI mokSa pAkara hI use zAsvata sukha kI prApti ho sakatI hai mokSa hI carama lakSya hai| aMta meM yaha kahanA atizayokti nahIM hogA ki guNasthAna avadhAraNA ke tAra eka sukhamaya mAnava jIvana va mAnavIya mUlyoM se jur3e hue haiN| isameM nihita haiM jiyo aura jIne do, bahujana hitAya bahujana sukhAya jaise mUlya jo na sirpha mAnava jAti kI apit samagra jIva sRSTi kA uddhAra karane meM nirNAyaka bhUmikA nibhA sakate haiN| 166

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gaNasthAna sambandhI zabdAvalI utkarSaNa- sthityanubhAgArtho buddhiH utkarSaNa- go.ka.jI. pra. 4381591 / 141 karma pradezoM kI sthiti ko bar3hAnA arthAt sthiti va anubhAga kI vRddhi utkarSaNa kahalAtI hai| apakarSaNa- padesAyAM ThidINamAvaTThANA okkaDaDhaNA NAma- dhavalA 1014121412115312 / karma pradezoM kI sthitioM kA apavartana (ghaTanA) apakarSaNa kahalAtI hai| saMkramaNa- para prakRtirUpa pariNamana saMkramaNam- go.ka.jI. pra. 4381591 / 14 / jo prakRti pUrva meM ba~dhI huI thI isakA anya prakRti rUpa meM pariNamana ho jAnA saMkramaNa hai| udaya- te ca veya phaladANasamae udaya vavaesaM paDivajjati - (jaya dhavalA pu.1 , pR. 293)jIva se sambaddha hae ve hI karma skandha phala dene ke samaya meM udaya kI sajJA ko prApta hote haiN| udIraNA- kA udiirnnaannaam| apakvA caraNa mudIraNA- (dhavalA 15143|61) udaya ke lie apakva karmoM kA pAcana karanA udIraNA hai| upazama- karmoM ke udaya ko kucha saMya ke lie roka denA upazama kahalAtA hai| nirghanti- jo karma pradeza na to udaya meM lAe jA sakeM aura na hI anya prakRti rUpa pariNamita kie jA sakeM, karmoM kI isa dazA ko nirghanti kahate haiN| eka samaya meM jitane paramANu udaya meM Ate haiM unake samUha ko niSeka kahA jAtA hai| nikAcita- jisa karma pradezAgra kA na to apakarSaNa kiyA jA sake aura na hI utkarSaNa tathA na hI anya upa prakRti meM sNkrmnn| jise na udaya meM lAyA jA sake aura na hI jisakI udIraNA saMbhava ho usa pravezAgra ko nikAcita kahate haiN| apramatta- apramatta saMyata nAmaka sAtaveM guNasthAna ke aMtima samaya meM devAyu bandha kI vyucchinti hotI hai| udaya vyucchinti- karmoM kI paladAna zakti kA naSTa honA udaya vyucchinti hai| satva vyucchinti- jaba karmoM kA saMvara hotA hai taba unakI nirjarA va kSaya bhI hotA hai| isI ko satva vyucchinti (karmoM kA sattA meM na rahanA va Atma pradezoM kA astitva samApta ho jAnA) kahA jAtA hai| sAta karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA kA kSaya karake vaha samyagdRSTi bana jAtA hai| vaha adhikatama cAra bhava taka saMsAra meM rahakara niyama se mokSa hotA hai| dravyamImAMsA- dravya athavA ttava bodha kI jijJAsA jIvana kI prakriyA kA mUlabhUta aMza hai| dravya zabda dra dhAtu se niSpanna hai jisakA artha hai dravita honA yA pravAhita honaa| eka sAtha anekAnta kI siddhi ke lie guNavada dravyaM aisA kahA jAtA hai| isake tIna lakSaNa haiM sad dravya lkssnnN| utpAda vyaya dhovya yuktNst| guNaparyayavada drvyN| AdhyAtmika vikAsa prakriyA ke sopAna1.yathApravRttikaraNa- ajJAnatApUrvaka duHkha saMvedanAjanita atyalpa Atmazuddhi ko yathApravRttikaraNa kahate haiN| jIva saMyogavaza Atma-zuddhi ke dvAra ke samIpa pahu~catA hai| yaha mana para niyantraNa karane kI prakriyA kA Arambha hai| sAMsArika dukhoM ko sahate-sahate usakA karmAvaraNa varSoM nadI ke pAnI meM par3e patthara kI bhA~ti zithila ho cukA ho / isa avasthA meM 167

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jaise-jaise vaha Age kI ora bar3hatA jAtA hai vaise-vaise yathApravRttikaraNa kI zakti ke dvArA use kSayopazama (jisase vipAkazakti ke dvArA karma phala kSINa hote haiM), vizuddhi, dezanA (jJAnIjanoM se mArgadarzana prApta honA) tathA prayoga (AyuSya ko chor3akara anya karmoM ke pramANa kA kSaya ho jAnA) prApta hotA hai| 2. apUrvakaraNa- isa avasthA meM samyaktva ke bodha ke calate pUrva meM jo saMyama yA naitika AcaraNa kI bhUmikA taiyAra kI gaI hai use sAhasa ke sAtha amala meM lAkara bhAva vizuddhi kI ora bar3hatA hai aura AtmA meM nijasvarUpa yA halkepana kA anubhava karatA hai jo isase pUrva use huA hI na ho isIlie yaha avasthA apUrvakaraNa kahI jAtI hai| isa avasthA meM nimnalikhita 5 kriyAeM hotI haiM(a) sthitighAta- karmavipAka kI avadhi meM parivartana krnaa| (A) rasaghAta- karmavipAka va bandhana kI pragAr3hatA meM kamI laanaa| (i) guNazreNI- karmoM ko aise krama meM rakha denA jisase kAla se pUrva inakA phala bhogA jA ske| guNasaMkramaNa- karmoM kI avAntara prakRtiyoM kA rUpAntara jaise duHkhada vedanA ko sukhada vedanA meM parivartita kara denaa| aparvabandha- kriyAmANa kriyAoM ke phalasvarUpa hone vAle bandha kA atyanta alpakAlika va alpatara mAtrA meM honaa| 3. anivattikaraNa- isa sthiti meM rAga-daveSAdi karma prakatiyoM kA bhedana kiyA jAtA hai tathA pUrva meM varNita sthitighAta Adi caraNoM kA doharAvIkaraNa kiyA jAtA hai tAki mizramoha aura mithyAtva moha ko nestanAbUta kiyA jA ske| graMthibheda kI yaha dvividhi prakiyA jIva ke utthAna kAla meM guNasthAnaka dRSTi se do bAra hotI hai| prathama- guNasthAna ke aMtima caraNa meM tathA punaH 7veM-8veM aura 9veM gaNasthAna meN| eka (pahalI meM) meM vAsanAtmaka pravattiyoM kA nirodha hotA hai tathA dUsarI meM durAcaraNa kI pravRttiyoM kA nirodha hotA hai| sapta naya- naigama, saMgraha, vyavahAra, Rjasatra, zabda, samabhirUr3ha aura evaMbhUta ye sAta naya hai| gamasaMgrahavyavahArarjusUtrazabdasamabhirUdaivaMbhUtAnayAH / / 33 / / ta. sU. a-1 naigama naya- jo naya anivyakta mAtrA ke saMkalpa ko grahaNa karatA hai vaha naigama naya hai| jaiselakar3I pAnI Adi sAmagrI ikaThThI karane vAle puruSa se koI pU~chatA hai ki Apa kyA kara rahe haiM, taba vaha uttara detA hai ki roTI banA rahA huuN| yadyapi usa samaya vaha roTI nahIM banA rahA hai tathApi naigama naya usake isa uttara ko yathArtha mAnatA hai| saMgraha naya- jo naya apanI jAti kA virodha na karatA huA ekapane se samasta padArthoM ko grahaNa karatA hai use saMgraha naya kahate hai| jaise- sata, dravya, ghaTa aadi| vyavahAra naya- jo naya saMgraha naya ke dvArA grahaNa kiye hue padArthoM meM vidhi pUrvaka bheda karatA hai vaha vyavahAra naya hai| jaise sata ke do prakAra hai- dravya aura gunn| dravya ke chaH bheda hai- jIva, 168

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pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza va kAla guNa ke do bheda haiM- sAmAnya aura vizeSa isa taraha yaha jaya vahA~ taka bheda karatA jAtA hai jahA~ taka bheda ho sakate haiN| RjusUtra naya- jo kevala vartamAna kAla ke padArthoM ko grahaNa kare use RjusUtra naya kahate haiN| zabda naya- jo naya liMga, saMkhyA, va kAraka Adi ke vyabhicAroM ko dUra karatA hai vaha zabdanaya hai / yaha naya liMgAdi ke bheda se padArtha ko bheda rUpa meM grahaNa karatA hai| jaise- dAra(pu.) bhAryA(strI) kalatra(na.) ye tInoM zabda bhinna liMga vAle hokara bhI strI padArtha ke vAcaka haiM kintu yaha naya strI padArtha ko liMga ke bheda se tIna rUpa mAnatA hai| samabhirUr3ha naya jo naya nAnA arthoM kA ullaMghana kara eka artha ko rUr3hi se grahaNa karatA hai use samabhirUr3ha naya kahate haiN| jaise vacana Adi aneka arthoM kA vAcaka go zabda kisI prakaraNa yaha naya padArtha ke bheda se artha ko bhedarUpa grahaNa karatA hai| tInoM zabda indra ke nAma haiM parantu yaha naya tInoM ke bhinna meM gAya artha kA vAcaka hotA hai| jaise- indra, zaka aura purandara ye bhinna artha grahaNa karatA hai| evaMbhUta naya- jisa zabda kA jo kriyArUpa artha hai usI kriyArUpa meM pariNamate hue padArtha jo mana grahaNa karatA hai use evaMbhUta naya kahate haiN| jaise- pujArI ko pUjA karate samaya hI pujArI khnaa| jIva ke bhAva audAyika bhAva-_nimittamUla karmoM ke udaya se hone vAle bhAva audAyika kahalAte haiM jaise rAga, dveSa, ajJAna, asaMyama va rati aadi| aupazamika bhAva karmoM ke upazama arthAt udaya rahita avasthA meM hone vAle bhAva aupazamika bhAva kahalAte haiM kintu inameM Atma pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi cira sthAI nahIM hotI hai| kSayopazamika bhAva- sAmAnya mati zruti jJAna, aNuvrata pAlana Adi kSayopazamika bhAvoM ke udAharaNa haiN| kSAyika bhAva- karma paramANuoM ke Atma pradezoM se prathaka ho jAne para jo pariNAma hote haiM unheM jIva ke kSAyika bhAva kahA jAtA hai jaise kevala jJAna va kevala darzanAdi / pAriNAmika bhAva- uparyukta cAra bhAvoM ke atirikta jIva ke jIvatva, bhavyatva, abhavyatva va dravyatva Adi svAbhAvika guNa hote haiM jinheM pAriNAmika bhAva kahA jAtA hai| zrAvaka ke SaTa karma zabdoM kA pUrA nAma bA.bhA. maM. cha. Dha. - ta. sU. - dra. saM. devapUjA, gurUpAsti, svAdhyAya, saMyamastapaH / dAna ceti grahasthA nAma, SaTa karmANi dinedine / / - bAraha bhAvanA maMgatarAya chahaDhAlA tattvArtha sUtra dravyasaMgraha 169

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saMdarbha sUcI 1. bA. bra. mUlazaMkara desAI -guNasthAna, cAkasU kA cauka, jayapura raajsthaan|(mokss saptamI vIra ni. saM. 2482 vikrama samvata 2013 2. bA. bra. DaoN. pramilA jaina-guNasthAna maMjarI, betAlIsa dazA humar3a digambara samAja (cokhala paMca saMcAlita TrasTa) DI-1 naTubhAI apArTameMTa, motInagara sosAiTI, navaraMgapurA ahamadAbAda 3. AcArya zrImata vijaya suzIla sUrIzvarajI(1993)- guNasthAnaka praznottara sArdhazataka, ___ zrI suzIla sAhitya prakAzana samiti, rAI kA bAga, jodhapura(rAja.) 4. AcArya zrI ratnazekhara sUrIzvarajI ma. sA. (2003) - caudaha guNasthAna, divya ___ saMdeza prakAzana TrasTa, mumbii| 5. DaoN. sAgaramala jaina (1996) -guNasthAna siddhAnta- eka vizleSaNa, pArzvanAthapITha, vaaraannsii| 6. AcAryapUrvadhara AcArya viracita, anuvAda- sAdhvI vidyataprabhAjI, sampAdana evaM ___ bhUmapakA DaoN. sAgaramala jaina (1998)- jIvasamAsa , pArzvanAthapITha, vArANasI 7. jauharIjI - AlocanA pATha, pUjana-pATha pradIpa, pR. 431, zrI pArzvanAtha digambara jaina saMsthAna, naI dillii| 8. paM. daulatarAmajI- chahaDhAlA, jJAnodaya vidyaapiitth|( saMvata 1891 vaizAkha zuklA tRtIyA), 9. esa. cA~da mohammada evaM DaoN. ikabAla phAtimA- bhAratIya saMskRti kI virAsata, buka inkle va- jayapura(bhArata) 10. pUjyapAda - tatvArthasUtra, sarvArthasiddhi TIkA 11. AcArya nemicandrAcArya- gommaTasAra-jIvakANDa 12. yogadRSTi samuccaya 13. sama problamsa oNpha jaina sAikolojI 14. AcArya narendra deva- bodhipaMjikA, udaghata bauddha darzana 15. zanAsAra tyAgASTaka (darzana va cintana bhAga- 2) 16. sTaDIja ina jaina philosophii| 17. darzana aura cintana bhAga 2 18. bhagavada gItA (TIkA)- DaoN. rAdhAkRSNa 19. kAlidAsa, raghuvaMza 20. yogavaziSTha, utpatti prakaraNa,sarga -117 (darzana aura cintana) 21. jaina AcAra 22. yoga bindu- samadarzI AcArya haribhadra 170

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23. advetamArtaNDa aura zaMkara vedAnta- DaoN. zAradA guptA, saha lekhikA DaoN. ramA zarmA ___ (2007) IsTarna buka liMkarsa, javAhara nagara naI-dillI (2007) 24. zrI sadAnanda viracita vedAntasAra, sampAdaka- paNDita zrI rAmagobinda zuklaH, navya-nyAya-vyAkaraNa-sAhityAcArya, prakAzaka- bhAratIya vidyA prakAzana (1)po. bAksa na.1108 kacaur3IgalI, vArANasI (agasta, 1990) 25. vyaktitva ke guNoM kA vizleSaNa sarva prathama AlaporTa dvArA prastuta kiyA gayA | pahale usane aMgrejI zabda-koSa se 17953 sambaMdhita zabda ddhuuNddh'e| usameM se punaH 4500 ati najadIkI zabdoM ko chaaNttaa| Ara. bI. kaiTala ne unahaiM 171 tathA punaH 35 evaM aMtima rUpa meM ina 12 vibhAgoM meM kayA hai| 26. zrImannemicanadrasiddhAntidevaviracitaH bRhadadravyasaMgraha,(1989) zrI brahmadevasya saMskRtavRttiH zrI javAharalAlazAstripraNIta hindIbhASAnuvAda ceti TIkAdvayopetaH, prakAzaka- zrI paramazruta prabhAvaka maNDala, zrImada rAjacanda Azrama, aagaas| 27. mokSazAstra TIkA paM. pannAlAlajI jaina,digambara jaina pustakAlaya, sUrata (1970) 28. jIva samAsa , jina ArAdhanA TrasTa bambaI-2 gAthA-6-82 29. niyamasAra 30. adhyAtamaghAta 31. yogAvatAra dvAtriMzikA 32. mokkhapAhur3a 33. AcArAMga- zrutaskandha 34. gommaTasAra- jIvakANDa 35. pro. phUlacandra jaina premI- saMllekhanA - mRtyu ko mahotsava banAne kI anupama kalA tulasI prajJA- barSa 35 .aMka.142 . janavarI-mArca, 2009 jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya, lADanUM-341 306(rAjasthAna) bhArata 36. DaoN. mohana lAla zarmA (1978) tarkazAstra praveza eka Adhunika vivecana hariyANA sAhitya AkAdamI caMDIgar3ha 37. jArja TAmasa pe. vhAiTa veTika (1973) darzanazAstra kA paricaya, umezvaraprasAdamAlavIya(anuvAdaka) - hariyANA sAhitya AkAdamI caMDIgaDha 38. e. DI. vUjale (1971) jJAna mImAMsA paricaya,(DaoN.) govardhana bhaTTa( anuvAdaka) bihAra hindI grantha aakaadmii| 39. varanAlDa vosAke (1974) tarkazAstra aura jJAna kI AkArikA, himmata siMha sinhA (anuvAdaka)hariyANA hindI graMtha AkAdamI cNddiigddh| 40. rAmacandra dattAtreya rAnADe (1971) upaniSada darzana kA racanAtmaka sarvekSaNa, rAjasthAna hindI gaMtha AkAdamI jypur| 171

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41. je. hAsparsa (1974) dArzinika vizleSaNa paricaya, govardhana bhaTTa (anuvAdaka) bihAra hindI grantha AkAdamI, paTanA / 42. esa. ena. dAsa gupta (1978) bhAratIya darzana kA itihAsa, kalAnAtha zAstrI (anuvAdaka) rAjasthAna hindI graMtha AkAdamI jayapura / 43. jArjapesamora (1966) darzana ke sau varSa, cA~damala zarmA, kalAnAtha zAstrI (anuvAdaka) rAja. hindI grantha AkAdamI jayapura / 44. (DaoN.) arjuna mizra ( 1983) darzana kI mula dhArAeM, AkAdamI bhopaal| 45. vedAnaMda (1973) zaMkarottara advaita vedAMta meM mithyAtva nirUpaNa, rAjasthAna hindI graMtha AkAdamI jayapura / 46. DaoN. azoka kumAra lADa ( 1973) bhAratIya darzana meM mokSa ciMtana eka tulanAtka adhyayana, ma.pra. hindI graMtha AkAdamI bhopAla 47. DaoN. naMda kizora devarAja (sampAdaka) (1975) bhAratIya darzana, uttara pradeza hindI saMsthAna lakhanaU madhya pradeza hindI graMtha 48. surendranAtha dAsa gupta (1973) bhAratIya darzana kA itihAsa, ema. pI. vyAsa ( anuvAdaka) rAja. hindI graMtha AkAdamI jayapura 49. viliyama ansarTa hAkiMga (1974) darzana ke prakAra, ramezacandra anuvAdaka) rAja. hindI graMtha AkAdamI jayapura 50. e.I. Telara ( 1967 ) tatvamImAMsA, sudhIndra varmA (anuvAdaka) hindI samiti sUcanA vibhAga lakhanaU pura 51. govinda candra pANDe ( 1973) mUlya mImAMsA, rAja. hindI grantha AkAdamI 52. DaoN. brajanArAyaNa zarmA (1973) bhAratIya darzana meM anumAna, madhya pradeza hindI graMtha AkAdamI bhopAla 53. DaoN. zivanArAyaNa lAla zrIvAstava (1981) darzana ke mUla prazna, madhya pradeza hindI AkAdamI bhopAla 54. AcArya veda prakAzAnanda jI mahArAja (1986) Izvara kI khoja, prema prakAza maMdira vArANasI 55. pA~laruviceka (1983) astitvavAda pakSa aura vipakSa, DaoN. prabhAkara mAcave (anuvAdaka) ma.pra. hindI graMtha AkAdamI bhopAla 56. DaoN. vaijAmina khAna (1973) samasAmAyika vastuvAda, madhya pradeza hindI graMtha AkAdamI bhopAla 57. viliyama jorU( 1972) prayojanavAda, rameza candra (anuvAdaka) rAja. hindI graMtha AkAdamI pura 58. zivakumAra mizrA (1978) yathArthavAda meMkamilana kaM. i. limiTeDa 172 1

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59. sI. TI. mArgana (1971) manovijJAna, DaoN. nirmala zarmA (anuvAdikA) hindI graMtha AkAdamI paTanA 60. DaoN. kRSNakumAra jasuAra (1973) AkAdamI paTanA 61. je. vI. rAina (1973) hindI graMtha AkAdamI bhopAla mana ke naye kSitija, brajavAsI lAla (anuvAdaka) ma. pra. - bihAra manovijJAna kI rUparekhA, bihAra hindI graMtha 62. DeviDa hyUma (1977) mAnava prakRti eka adhyayana, DaoN. hemacandra siMha sinhA hariyANA hindI graMta AkAdamI caMDIgar3ha (anuvAdaka) 63. DaoN. mahendra kumAra mizrA (2007) vikAsAtmaka manovijJAna, yUnIvarsiTI ka hAusa jayapura 64. DaoN. o. pI. zarmA (2007) manovikRti vijJAna ritU pablikezansa, jayapura 65. rAmaRSi tripAThI (1969) prayogAtmaka manovijJAna, AgarA vizvavidyAlaya AgarA 66. DaoN. esa. esa. mAthura (1976) samAja manovijJAna ( prArambhika adhyayana) AgarAvizvavidyAlaya AgarA 67. DaoN. zAradA prasAda varmA (1972) vikAsa manovijJAna madhyapradeza hindI graMtha AkAdamI bhopAla samAja manovijJAna motIlAla banArasIdAsa pustaka 68. rAmabAle siMha (1960) prakAzana bA~kIpura paTanA 69. philipa I. varnana- mUla lekhaka, sumana mAthura - anuvAdikA (1980) - mAnavIya yogyatAoM kI saMracanA ( The Structure of Human Ability), rAjasthAna hindI graMtha ekeDamI, jypur| 70. zyAma svarUpa jaloTA (1975) manovijJAna ke prAyogika kSetra, rAjasthAna hindI graMtha ekeDamI, jayapura / 71. AcArya zrI dharmabhUSaNa mahArAja - ( 2007 ) jaina darzanasAra- (sampAdaka) DaoN. narendra jaina, DaoN. nIlama jaina prakAzaka zrI digambara jaina samiti, kavinagara gAjiyAbAda (uttara pradeza) 72. AcArya vasunandI viracita ( 2006 ) vasunandI zrAvakAcAra vyAkhyAkAra- AcArya sunIla sAgara- sampAdaka- pro. bhAgacanda jaina bhAskara, pratiSThAcArya vimala kumAra saurayA, prakAzaka hindI gaMtha kAryAlaya hIrIbAga, sI. vI. TeMka mumbaI-4 73. saMkalana kartA - AcArya zrI saMbhava sAgara jI mahArAja, (1983) dhavalAsAraprakAzaka zrI108 AcArya zrI saMbhava sAgara graMthamAlA mumbaI 74. AcArya kalpa(1967) mokSamArga prakAzaka, pa. ToDaramala jauna- bhaSA parivartanamagana lAla jauna, sampAdaka va prakAzaka DaoN. hakumacanda bharilla, pa. ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa jayapura 173 -

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75. svAmI kumAra viracita- (1090) kArtikeyAnuprekSa(kArtikeyANavekkhA) anuvAjaka- pa. kailAza candra zAstrI, prakAzaka zrI paramazruta paramAgama maMDala, zrImada rAjacandra Azrama , AgAsa 76. zrIyati bRSabhAcArya viracitA (1986) tiloyapaNNati (triloka prajJapti) , TIkAkatrI - AryikA zrI vizuddhamatI mAtAjI, sampAdaka ,DaoN. cetana prakAza zAstrI, prakAzana vibhAga zrI bhAratIya digambara jaina mahAsabhA 77. zrImada yogendu deva viracita- ( 1972) paramAtmaprakAza yogasAra, anuvAdaka pa. candra prakAzaka- zrI paramasukha prabhAvaka maNDala zrImada rAjacandra Azrama AgAsa 78. zrI hemacandrAcArya viracita (1992) syAdvAda maMjarI, anuvAdaka DaoN. jagadIza candra ___ jaina, prakAzaka- zrI paramasukha prabhAvaka maNDala zrImada rAjacandra Azrama AgAsa 79. paM. caMpAlAla jI viracita(2003) carcAsAgara, bhAratavarSIya anekAnta vidvatapariSada 80. racanAkAra- AryikA vizuddhamatI mAtAjI(1994) nizuddhasamAdhisAdhanA, sampAdaka - pro, TIkama candra jaina, zrI 1008 caMvalezvara pArzvanAtha digambara atizaya kSetra, cainapurA bhiilvaaddaa| 81. racanAkAra- AryikA abhayamatI mAtAjI (2006) AtmAnuzAsana sarasa kAvyAvalI digambara jaina triloka zodha saMsthAna, hastinApura 82. zrImada mRtacandrAcArya viracita( 1977) paru,rthasiddhiyupAya, prakAzaka- zrI paramasukha prabhAvaka maNDala zrImada rAjacandra Azrama AgAsa 83. zrI amRta candrAcArya viracita (vi. sa.2033) puruSArthasiddhiyupAya, sampAdaka vidyAkumAra seThI, prakAzaka digambara jaina samAja kucAmana siTI 84. zrImada devanaMdI, aparanAma pUjyapAda svAmI viracita (vIra ni. saM. 2480) iSTopadeza, saMskRta TIkAkAra paM. AzAdhara jI, hindI TIkAkAra ,- bra.zItala prasAda, prakAzaka- zrI paramasukha prabhAvaka maNDala zrImada rAjacandra Azrama AgAsa 85. zrImadanemicandra siddhAMta cakravartI racita(1992) labdhisAra, bhASATIkA, paM. ToDaramala jI, sampAdaka paM. phUlacandra siddhAMta zAstrI, prakAzaka- zrI paramasukha prabhAvaka maNDala zrImada rAjacandra Azrama AgAsa 86. yogendudeva racita- yogasAra TIkA- TIkAkAra pro. zItalA prasAda jI, prakAzaka - vinayadakSa prakAzaka ahamadAbAda 87. AcArya amitagati praNIta (1989) maraNakaMDikA- anuvAdikA AryikA jinamatI jI, prakAzaka, zrI naMdalAla mAMgIlAla, DImApura (nAgAlaiMDa) 88. zrI sudharma sAgara viracita (1989) sudharmadhyAna pradIpa, hindI anuvAdaka - lAlArAma zAstrI, bhArata varSIya anekAnta vidvata pariSada, sonAgira datiyA 174

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89. mUlagraMthakAra- zrImatpadmanaMdI AcArya-(1994) zrI padmanaMdI paMcaviMzatikA, hindI anuvAdaka paM. gajAdharalAla zrI devasenAcArya viracita (1981) - jaina nyAyazAstrI, digambara jaina triloka zodha saMsthAna hastinApura 90. AcArya zrI jJAnabhUSaNa jI mahArAja(1984) AtmAnuciMtana aura dhyAnazataka, prakAzaka digambara jaina samAja revADI. 91. zrI devasenAcArya viracita (1981) tatvasAra saMskRta TIkA, paM. pannAlAla jI cA~dasI, anuvAdaka va sampAdaka paM. hIrAlAla jI siddhAnta zAstrI, prakAzaka, zrI satsuta sevA sAdhanAkendra ahamadAbAda 92. AcArya samatabhadra svAmI racita ( vi. sa. 2029) ratnakAMDa zrAvakAcAra 93. AcArya padmanaMtI kRta (1996) padmanaMdI paMcaviMzati, sampAdaka va anuvAdaka paM. ___ bAlacandra siddhAnta zAstrI, prakAzaka, digambara jaina vIra vidyAsaMgha gujarAta 94. zrI kavi kizala siMha viracita (1985) kriyakoSa, hindI anuvAdaka paM. pannAlAla jI, 8 paramasukha prabhAvaka maNDala rAjacandra Azrama AgAsa 95. padmanaMdI paMcaviMzatikA pravacana (1977) pravaktA manohara jI varNI sahajAnaMda mahArAja, prakAzaka khemacandra jaina sarrApha meraTha 96. zrI zubhacandrAcArya viracita (1981) jJAnAvarNa- prakAzaka- zrI paramasukha prabhAvaka maNDala zrImada rAjacandra Azrama AgAsa 97. zrImada bhagavada kundakundAcArya viracita (1601) samayasAra, saMskRta TIkA- jayasenA cArya, hindI TIkA jJAna sAgara jI mahArAja, digambara samAja ajamera 98. racanAkAra- AcArya kundakunda (1977) samayasAra, saMskRta TIkA zrImada amRtacandrasUrI, hindI TIkA sahajAnanda mahArAja prakAzaka pradhAnamantrI bhA. varNI jaina sAhityamaMdira mujaphparanagara 99. zubhacandrAcArya viracita (1977) triyoga se samAdhi , saMkalana, jJAnArNava se, saMkalanakartA kIrtidhara naMdI mahArAja, prastAvanA, paM. TIkamacandra jaina, prakAzaka - yUsupha pArka , grInapArka naI dillI 100. kavi maMgatarAya kRta bAraha bhAvanA 101. jIva samAsa-ajJAtapUrvadhara AcArya viracita, anuvAdaka sAdhvI zrI vidayutaprabhAjI pradhAna sampAdaka- pro. sAgaramala jaina 102. muni pulakasAgarajI- graMtha praNetA- umAsvAmIjI- arhata gItA, pulaka jana cetanA ___ maMca, naI dillii|(smpaadk- pro. TIkamacanda jaina, pratiSThAcArya, naI-dillI) 103. zrImANikyanandisvAmi viracita tathA kSullaka zItalasAgara kRta saMyojita parIkSAmukham(disambara,1998) prakAzaka- zrI bharata kumAra bAbusA jaina, ahiMsA mArga, deulagA~varAjA-bulaDhANA(nahArASTra) 175

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104. bra. zItalaprasAdajI kRta evaM nihAlacaMda paNDayA sampAdita- sahaja sukha sAdhana, paM. sadAsukha graMthamAlA vItarAga vijJAna svAdhyAya maMdira TrasTa, purAnI maMDI, ajmer| 105. DaoN. hukamacaMda bhArilla- bAraha bhAvanA eka anuzIlana, paNDita ToDaramala smAraka ___ TrasTa, e-4, bApUnagara, jypur| 106. AcArAMga sUtra-jaima zvetAmbara terApaMtha mahAsabhA, kalakattA 107. iSTopadeza- pUjyapAda svAmI, vIra sevA maMdira, dillii| 108. kaSAyapAhuDa- bhA. di. jaina saMgha, caurAsI mthuraa| 109. NANa sUtra- abhaya devavatti sahita, bmbii| 110. vidyAnaMdasvAmI- tattvArtha zlokavartika 111. paM devasena- nayana cakra, gujarAta vidyApITha, ahmdaabaad| 112. yogIndra deva- paramAtma prkaash| 113. AcArya kundakunda, amRtAcArya va jayasenAcArya kRta pravacanasAra-TIkAeM(1935) bmbii| 114. purUSArthasiddhayupAya- amRtAcArya (1904) bmbii| 115. mahAbandha bhAga 1-7 (1951), bhAratIya jnyaanpiitth| 116. bhaTTa akalaMka kRta rAjavartika, bhAratIya jnyaanpiitth| 117. SaTkhaNDAgama- dhavalA TIkA bhAga 1-16, DaoN. hIrAlAla, solaapur| 118. samayasAra- ahiMsA mandira, dillii| 119. sarvArthasiddhi -pUjyapAda svAmI, bhAratIya jnyaanpiitth| 120. anAgAra dharmAmRta- paM. AzAdhara, bhAratIya jnyaanpiitth| 121. aSTapAhuDa- zrI kundakundAcArya, zAntivIra nagara, mhaaviirjii| 122. aSTasahasrI- vidyAnanda svaamii| 123. AtmAnuzAsana- gunnbhdrsvaamii| 124. jJAnAvarNa- zubhacandrAcArya, jIvarIja jaina grNthmaalaa| 125. cAritra pAhuDa- mANikacaMda graMthamAlA, bmbii| 126. cAritrasAra- zAntivIra nagara, mhaaviirjii| 127. dazabhaktyAdisaMgraha- pUjyapAda svAmI, zAntivIra nagara, mhaaviirjii| 128. padmanaMdipaMcavizatikA- AcArya padmanandI 129. bhagavatI ArAdhanA(1935)- bmbii| 130. mUlAcAra(1977)- vaTTakera bmbii| 131. yazastilakacampU(1916) bmbii| 132. ratnakANDa zrAvakAcAra- svAmi smntbhdr| 133. lbdhisaar-ksspnnsaar| 134. vasunaMdI-zrAvakAcAra(1952), bhAratIya jnyaanpiitth| 176

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135. padmapurANa- raviSeNAcArya, bhAratIya jnyaanpiitth| 136. mahApurANa- jinasena guNabhadrAcArya, svAdvAda graMthamAlA, indaur| 137. svayambhUstotra- smntbhdraacaary| 138. amara koza- paM. amarasiMha viracita, nirNayasAgara mudrnnaaly| 139. gIrvANa laghu koza- kSIrasvAmIkRta. jmshedpur| 140. jainendra siddhAnta koza bhAga 1-4- kSu. jinendravarNIjI, bhAratIya jnyaanpiitth| 141. kaThopaniSad- vasu. vI. DI. ilaahaabaad| 142. pAtaMjala yogadarzana- lakhanaU vi.vi., lkhnuu| 143. mahAbhArata zAntiparva- citrazAlA presa, puunaa| 144. muNDakopaniSad- AnandAzrama 145. majjhimanikAya (1970)- mahAbodhi sabhA, saarnaath| 146. yogavaziSTha aura unake siddhAnta- bhIkhamalAla Atreya, hindU vi.vi. bnaars| 147. yogabindu(1911)- haribhadrasUri, bhaavngr| 148. yogasAra- amitagati, sanAtana jaina graMthamAlA, klkttaa| 149. vaizeSikasUtra 150. zrI madbhAgavata gItA 151. jainadharma- paM. kailAzacandra zAstrI, caurAsI mthuraa| 152. bhAva saMgraha- hindI graMtha ratnAkara kAryAlaya, bmbii| 153. bhAratIya darzana- DaoN. esa. rAdhAkRSNan , dillii| 154. bhAratIya darzana meM jainadharma kA yogadAna- DaoN. hIrAlAla, bhAratIya jnyaanpiitth| 155. yoga graMthAvalI- AcArya hribhdrsuuri| 156. caracA zataka- paM. dyAnatarAyajI chanda 44 - guNasthAnoM se gmn| 157. pramukha jaina sAhityakAra- DaoN. premasumana jaina va DaoN. phUlacandra jaina premI, zruta sevA nidhi nyAsa, phiirojaabaad| 158. AdhyAtmika samatAvAda- AcArya mahAprajJa, jaina bhAratI, mAsika patrikA, aMka-5, maI-2008, jaina zvetAmbara terApaMthI mahAsabhA, gNgaashhr-biikaaner|pR. 31| 159. Antarika vikAsa kI prakriyA- sAdhvI kanakazrI, jaina bhAratI, mAsika patrikA, aMka-5, maI-2008, jaina zvetAmbara terApaMthI mahAsabhA, gNgaashhr-biikaaner|pR. 36 / 177

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lekhaka vize..... DaoN. dIpA jaina kA janma sana 1975 meM avAgar3ha jilA eTA u.pra. meM huaa| snAtaka taka kI samAjazAstra evaM zikSaNa viSaya ke sAtha bI. Ara. ambeDakara, vizvavidyAlaya, AgarA - u.pra. meM hI pUrNa kI tathA mohana lAla sukhAr3iyA vizvavidyAlaya, udayapura rAjasthAna se prAkRta bhASA evaM jaina darzana meM snAtkottara upAdhi grahaNa kI gujarAta vizvavidyAlaya, ahamadAbAda- gujarAta ke prAkRta bhASA vibhAga se "guNasthAna kA adhyayana" viSaya para vidyAvAcaspati kI upAdhi hAMsila kI hai| isake alAvA rASTrIya sahakArI saMgha ke rASTrIya sahakArI zikSA kendra se sahakAritA prabaMdhana meM DiplomA prApta kiyA hai| hindI, saMskRta, prAkRta, aMgrejI aura gujarAtI bhASA kI yathocita samajha hai ApakI ruci kA kSetra dArzanika dhArmika abhagamoM kA sAmAjika sarokAra athavA mAnavIya vikAsa dizA me zodha karanA rahA hai tAki yaha bhalI bhAMti prasthApita kiyA jA sake ki hamAre samRddha paramparAgata jJAna-vijJAna ke bhaMDAra mAnava jIvana ko sukhamaya banAne, sRSTi ko saMrakSita karane meM aham bhUmikA nibhA sakate haiN| tadAnurUpa vaiyaktika- sAmAjika sampoSita vikAsa ke pratimAnoM para apekSita mAnavIya mUlya evaM vyavahAroM ko zAMtipUrNa samAja racanA kI dizA meM sthApita kiyA jA ske| isI viSayavastu ke irda-girda Apane rASTrIya stara kI patrikAoM meM kaI zodha lekhoM kA prakAzana kiyA hai tathA rASTrIya stara kI saMgoSThiyoM meM zodha-patra prastuta kara sakriya bhAgIdArI kI hai| varSa 2003 se janasahabhAgitA vikAsa saMsthAna, jayapura (svaicchika saMsthA) meM salAhakAra ke rUpa meM mAnada sevAaiM pradAna kara rahIM haiM tathA jaina darzana ke mano- sAmajika pakSa para svataMtra zodha va pralekhana meM rata haiN| 1

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prakAzita zodhapatra1. "jaina darzana meM guNasthAna- prAkRta bhASA sAhitya kI mAnava samAja ko apratima bheMTa" dIpa zikhA- rAjabhASA vizeSAMka- navambara, 2010, AThavAM saMskaraNa bhAratIya rASTrIya sahakArI saMgha, naI dillI pRSTha 17-21| 2. "guNasthAna kA adhyayana"- zodha patra zodhAdarza mAsika patra, aMka mArca-2011, jyoti nikuMja cArabAga lakhanaU (u.pra.) meM prakAzita, pRSTha- 43-521 3. "sahakArI mUlya aura jaina darzana(jaina darzana paramparA meM nihita sahakAritA ke pratimAna)" dIpa zikhA- rAjabhASA vizeSAMka- 2011, nauvAM saMskaraNa bhAratIya rASTrIya sahakArI saMgha, naI dillI pRSTha 17-201 4. "sahakAritA ke jatana meM gAMdhI ke ekAdaza vratoM kI prAsaMgikatA" published in the journal sahakAra saMdarza, veminIkaoNma, pUNe (mahArASTra) aMka 47, saMkhyA-2 julAI - sitambara, 2012 meM prakAzita pRSTha- 21-30 (ISSN-0302 - 7767) "mano sAmAjika sthitiyoM ke saMcAlana meM lezyAoM kI bhUmikAH sampoSita-vikAsa kI dRSTi se eka vizleSaNa" zodhAdarza mAsika patra aMka- 76, navambara2012- janavarI,2013 jyoti nikuMja cArabAga lakhanaU (u.pra.) meM prakAzita, pRSTha- 97-100 / 6. "yoga paraMparA meM varNita AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM guNasthAna- bhAga-1" zruta sAgara, varSa-3, aMka -6 kula aMka 31, sitambara-2013 pRSTha 19-23 prakAzaka- AcArya zrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAna maMdira, zrI mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendra, kobA, gAMdhInagara 7. "yoga paraMparA meM varNita AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM guNasthAna- bhAga-2" zruta sAgara, varSa-3, kula aMka 32, sitambara-2013 pRSTha 71-77 prakAzaka- AcArya zrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAna maMdira, zrI mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendra, kobA, gAMdhInagara 8. "jaina darzana meM nihita sampoSita jIvana zikSaNa ke AyAmahindI hAnava samudAya ko saMskRti kI anupama daina" dIpa zikhA- rAjabhASA vizeSAMka- 2013, gyArahavAM saMskaraNa bhAratIya rASTrIya sahakArI saMgha, naI dillI pRSTha 20-251 9. "sampoSita vikAsa hetu sahakArI vyavasthA meM udayamitA kA svarUpaH gAMdhI vicAroM kI vartamAna prAsaMgitA ke AdhAra para mUlyAMkana"- sahakAra saMdarza, veminIkaoNma, pUNe (mahArASTra) aMka 48, saMkhyA-3 akTUbara-disambara,2013 meM prakAzita (ISSN-0302 - 7767) . "Value basethical principles-mAsika) (ISS 10. "Value based Indian ethos and Sustainable growth of entrepreneurship (With the view of Gandhian ethical principles and sustainable entrepreneurial practices in rural area) ena.AI.sI.ema. buleTina (tri-mAsika) (ISSN No. 2249-2275) gAMdhInagara meM svIkRta, prakAzana mArca - jUna 2014 ke aMka me.

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saMgoSThiyoM meM prastuta patra1. vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga dvArA vittapoSita evaM grAma vyavasthApana adhyayana kendra, gUjArAta vidayApITha, grAmINa parisara, rAMdhejA-gAMdhInagara (gujarAta) dvArA 9-10 janavarI,2012 meM saMpoSita grAmINa vikAsa prabaMdha ke pratimAna viSaya para Ayojita rASTrIya saMgoSThI meM "sampoSita vikAsa ke manovaijJAnika AdhAra evaM jaina darzana zAMtipUrNa samAja kI saMracanA" patra kI prstuti| 2. vizvavidyAlaya anudAna Ayoga dvArA vittapoSita evaM mahAdeva desAI grAma sevA mahAvidAyAlaya, gajArAta vidayApITha, grAmINa parisara, rAMdhejA-gAMdhInagara (gajarAta) dvArA 9-10 pharavarI,2013 meM parivAra evaM samudAya vijJAna ke saMpoSita pratimAna viSaya para Ayojita rASTrIya saMgoSThI meM "Arogya svarAja lAne meM sahAyaka jaina darzana" patra kI prstuti| prakAzanArtha preSita (2013) - 1. "gItA aura guNasthAna siddhAnta" send to Editor- Tulsi Prajna, Jain Vishva Bharati __Institute (Deemed University) LADNUN-341306 2. "gaNasthAna avadhAraNA evaM bauddha darzana" send to Editor- JINAVANI, C/O Prof D. C. Jain, 3 K 24-25, Kudi Bhaktasani Huosing Board, JODHPUR-342005. 3. "zramaNa paramparA aura zrAvaka" send to, Editor-SHRAMAN, Parshwnath Vidya Peeth IT I Road, Karomdi, BHU, VARANASI (U. P.) 4. "varNa vyavasthA meM nihita AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke pratimAna, zruta sAgara, prakAzaka AcArya zrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAna maMdira, zrI mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendra, kobA, gAMdhInagara ko prakAzanArtha pressit| 5. "tattvArthasUtra meM nihita guNasthAna ke abhigama kI samIkSA", send to Editor- Prakrit Vidya Kundkund Bharati, Prakrit Bhavan, Kakvariya Sarai, Near Qutub Hotel NEW DELHI. 6. "jaina darzana meM varNita dharma ke daza lakSaNoM kA mAnavIya vikAsa se sAmAjika sarokAra", zodhAdarza mAsika patra jyoti nikuMja cArabAga lakhanaU (u.pra.) ko /

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C.v. Dr. Deepa Jain Ph.D. (Prakrit & Jain Darshan) Diploma in Cooperative Management Career Objective Search and establish the dimensions of our indigenous, traditional, religious philosophical knowledge & wisdom, values & practices towards sustainable development of society. So it will make them able to survive the nature and maintain peaceful environment in their surrounding with the ethics of "live and let live" on humanity ground. Personal Detail: Father's Name Husband Name Date of birth Caste & Category Nationality Marital Status Language Known - Sh. Vijay Swaroop Jain - Sh. Amitabh Jain - 12-08-1975. - Jain General - Indian - married - Hindi English, Rajasthani and Gujarati languages Email: Mob. Address for Communication dr.deepa jain@yahoo.com 08929073311, 09427026647 - c/o Dr. Lokesh Jain, Faculty-CSRM, Gujarat Vidyapith, Rural Campus- RANDHEJA-382620 Gandhinagar (Guajrat) - 73-74, Mahadev nagar, New Loha Mandi road Opp. V.K.I.A. road no. 14, JAIPUR-302 013(Rajasthan) Permanent Address * Area Of Interest - Research and teaching in the area of socio-psycho aspect of sustainable development of society and through Jainology

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Academic Qualification: * S.S.C. in 1992 from U.P. Hr.Sec. Allahabad with Arts. H.S.C. in 1994 from U.P. Hr.Sec.Meerut with Arts . B.A. in 1996 from B.R.Ambedkar University, Agra(U.P.) with Sociology. M.A. in 1999. From M.L.Sukhadia University, Udaipur with Prakrit and Jainology. Diploma in Cooperative Management of Three month duration from National Centre for Cooperative Education, N.C.U.I. New-Delhi-16 since October to December,2006. Ph.D. from Department of Prakrit Language, Gujarat University, Ahmedabad (Gujarat) The Topic is "Study in Gunsthan" awarded in 2010 Work Exposure 1. Honorary Research Associated & Consultant with an NGO "Institute for development of People's Participation (IDPP), Udaipur" in its Education and research Project at Jaipur since 2003 to till date. 2. Free lancer Researcher working in the area of socio-psycho aspect of sustainable development of society and through Jainology. 3. Fundamental Knowledge of Computer Operating System. Published papers 1. "jaina darzana meM gaNasthAna- prAkRta bhASA sAhitya kI mAnava samAja ko apratima bheMTa" dIpa zikhA- rAjabhASA vizeSAMka- navambara, 2010, AThavAM saMskaraNa bhAratIya rASTrIya sahakArI saMgha, naI dillI pRSTha 17-21| 2. "guNasthAna kA adhyayana"- zodha patra zodhAdarza mAsika patra, aMka mArca-2011, jyoti nikuMja cArabAga lakhanaU (u.pra.) meM prakAzita, pRSTha- 43-52 / 3. "sahakArI mUlya aura jaina darzana(jaina darzana paramparA meM nihita sahakAritA ke pratimAna) dIpa zikhA- rAjabhASA vizeSAMka- 2011, nauvAM saMskaraNa bhAratIya rASTrIya sahakArI saMgha, naI dillI pRSTha 17-20 / 4. "sahakAritA ke jatana meM gAMdhI ke ekAdaza vratoM kI prAsaMgikatA" published in the journal sahakAra saMdarza, COOPERATIVE PERSPECTIVE, vol.47 no.2 julAI - sitambara, 2012 issue at VEMINICOM, Pune (Maharastra) page: 21-0, ISSN-0302-7767

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5. "mano sAmAjika sthitiyoM ke saMcAlana meM lezyAoM kI bhUmikAH sampoSita-vikAsa kI dRSTi se eka vizleSaNa" zodhAdarza mAsika patra aMka- 76, navambara2012janavarI,2013 jyoti nikuMja cArabAga lakhanaU (u.pra.) meM prakAzita, pRSTha- 971001 6. "yoga paraMparA meM varNita AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM guNasthAna- bhAga-1" zruta sAgara, varSa-3, aMka -6kala aMka 31, sitambara-2013 pRSTha 19-23 prakAzaka- AcArya zrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAna maMdira, zrI mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendra, kobA, gAMdhInagara 7. "yoga paraMparA meM varNita AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM guNasthAna- bhAga-2" zrRta sAgara, varSa-3, kula aMka 32, sitambara-2013 pRSTha 71-77 prakAzaka- AcArya zrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAna maMdira, zrI mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendra, kobA, gAMdhInagara 8. "jaina darzana meM nihita sampoSita jIvana zikSaNa ke AyAma mAnava samudAya ko - hindI saMskRti kI anupama daina" dIpa zikhA- rAjabhASA saMskaraNa bhAratIya rASTrIya sahakArI saMgha, naI dillI pRSTha 20-25 / Seminars & Workshop: Papers presented in the Seminars 1. "Psychological dimensions of Sustainable Development and Jain Philosophy(towards Peaceful Society)" sampoSita vikAsa ke manovaijJAnika AdhAra evaM jaina darzana (zAMtipUrNa samAja kI saMracanA) paper presented in National Seminar on Dimensions of Sustainable Rural Development Management at Centre For Studies in Rural Management, Gujarat Vidyapith, rural Campus RANDHEJA -Gandhinagar during 9-10 January,2012. 2. "Arogya svarAja lAne meM sahAyaka jaina darzana" paper presented in National Seminar on Sustainable Dimensions of Family and Community Science at Department of Home Science, M.D. College, Gujarat Vidyapith, rural Campus- RANDHEJA -Gandhinagar during 9-10 February,2013. Paper under publication (With acceptance) 1. "Value based Indian ethos and Sustainable growth of entrepreneurship (With the view of Gandhian ethical principles and sustainable entrepreneurial practices in rural area) by. Dr. Deepa Jain & Dr. Lokesh Jain send to NICM Bulletin(ISSN No. 2249-2275) -A Quarterly journal issued at NICM, Gandhinagar (Gujarat). It will be published in January, 2014 issue.

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2. "sampoSita vikAsa hetu sahakArI vyavasthA meM udyamitA kA svarUpaH gAMdhI vicAroM kI vartamAna prAsaMgitA ke AdhAra para mUlyAMkana"- dvArA DaoN. dIpA jaina evaM DaoN. lokeza tot send for publication in COOPERATIVE PERSPECTIVE, at VEMINICOM, Pune (Maharashtra),( ISSN-0302 - 7767). It will be published in vol. 48 No. 3, Oct. - Dec 13 issue. Paper communicated for publication during this year(2013) - 1. "gItA aura guNasthAna siddhAnta" send to Editor- Tulsi Prajna, Jain Vishva Bharati Institute (Deemed University) LADNUN-341306 2. "gaNasthAna avadhAraNA evaM bauddha darzana" send to Editor- JINAVANI, C/O Prof D C Jain, 3 K 24-25, Kudi Bhaktasani Huosing Board, JODHPUR-342005. 3. "zramaNa paramparA aura zrAvaka" send to, Editor-SHRAMAN, Parshwnath Vidya Peeth ___ ITI Road, Karomdi, BHU, VARANASI (U. P.) 4. "varNa vyavasthA meM nihita AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke pratimAna, zruta sAgara, prakAzaka AcArya zrI kailAsasAgarasUri jJAna maMdira, zrI mahAvIra jaina ArAdhanA kendra, kobA, gAMdhInagara ko prakAzanArtha pressit| 5. "tattvArthasUtra meM nihita guNasthAna ke abhigama kI samIkSA", send to Editor- Prakrit Vidya Kundkund Bharati, Prakrit Bhavan, Kakvariya Sarai, Near Qutub Hotel NEW DELHI. 6. "jaina darzana meM varNita dharma ke daza lakSaNoM kA mAnavIya vikAsa se sAmAjika sarokAra", zodhAdarza mAsika patra jyoti nikuMja cArabAga lakhanaU (u.pra.) ko prakAzanArtha pressit| References Dr. Dina Nath Sharma FacultyPrakrit language Department Gujarat University, Ahmedabad (Gujarat) Mob.09428245944 Dr. Jinendra Jain FacultyJainology & Prakrit ML Sukhadiya Uni, Udaipur (Rajasthan) mob. 09214864212 Dr. Gulab Singh Azad DirectorNCCE - NCUI, 3 siri institutional area August kranti marg New-Delhi-16 Mob.09990411255 (Dr. Deepa Jain)