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: Śramaņa, Vol 55, No. 10-12/October-December 2004
b) Sufficient efforts will be done for the improvement of agriculture.
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c) External help as well as government help will be provided to agriculturists.
d) No body will have to take loan individually because economic management will be done by the village.
In this way Gandhian Economy presents the positive from of economic non-violence.
Aparigrah Paramo Dharmah*
Aparigrah is an ancient Indian economic theory. It has been discussed in both Vadic tradition as well as Śramaņa tradition. According to Jainism it is one of the five great vows - Non-Violence (Ahimsa), Truth (Satya), Non-Stealing (Asteya), Celebacy (Brahmcarya) and Non-Hoarding (Aparigrah). These are co-existents and inter- dependants. Theoretically these have equal values. But in practice non-violence is well-known. The slogan - "Ahimisā Parmo Dharmaha" has been coming from ancient time. It has occupied an important place in Indian thinking. It is much more popular than Aparigraha. But as these are interlinked and interdepended, Ācārya Tulasi while travelling to Udayapur, has declared that both Ahimsa and Aparigraha have equal values. Ahimsa cannot be maintained without Aparigraha. Therefore both slogans - "Ahimsa Paramo Dharmah" and "Aparigrah Parmo Dharmah" should have been put together. Acārya Mahāprajña has explained this idea under the following sub-headings -
i) Cause of Violence -
Non-Violence cannot be understood without knowing NonHoarding. Hoarding is the cause of violence. Desire, violence and hoarding are linked and they support one another. They run together. People do violence for his bodily pleasure and having land and other properties. The wealth cannot be earned without violence. So the hoarding has created economic unequality which has caused dissatisfaction in the society.
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