Epigraphia Indica Vol 13

Author(s): Sten Konow, F W Thomas
Publisher: Archaeological Survey of India

Page 92

No, 5.]
CYCLE OF JUPITER AND NAMES OF SAMVATSARAS.
71
apparent Mosha sankranti. Table XXXI C below shows that in the cycle concerned 1 Prabhara began 351 days after Mēsha samkranti, and Table XXXI D shews that in its year 19 Pärthiva began 76 days earlier than did 1 Prabhava; so 19 Pārthiva began (351-76) 275 days nfter apparent Mesha samkrānti in the given year. We find the time of apparent Mesha sanktanti in that year from the Indian Calendar Table I, 1.c.according to the First Arya Siddhinta, on March 25 on day 84 (Table IX) at about 21 hours after mean sunrise. Call this day 85.1 Table A A shews the time-difference between the two Siddhāntas, for the 4350 years since K. Y. O, ns being about one hour. This may be ignored. 19 Pārthiva began 275 days later. 275+85= 360, 2.c. (Table IX, Ind. Cal.) 19 Pārthiva began on December 26 A.D. 1279. This suuticos for a rough solution of the problem.
For close work we must calculate more carefully. I give here the closest possible according to our available Tables, following the course prescribed above. For the beginning of 19 Pārthiva (Tables XXXI C and D) we have 351.4704-76.1710=275.2994:=(Table XXXVI) 275d. 7h. Ilm. 8:16s. after apparent Mēsha samkrānti.
Apparent Mēsha samkrānti by the First Arya Siddhanta (Table I, Indian Calendar, and Indian Chronography, " Hint” 20, p. 79) is 84d.20h. 57m. 30s.
The difference in the sodhya interval between mean and apparent Mēsha samkrānti has to be taken into account. The First Arya Siddhānta fixes this interval as always 20. 3h. 32m. 30s. But according to the Second Arya it varies slightly. (See above, Table B B, 228, and accompanying remarks). The given K. Y. year is 4380. In K. Y. 4000 it was 2d, 4h. 9m. 3.05s. Add for (say) 400 years 8.476., at the rate of 2.1178. per 100 years and we have the bodhya in the given year by the Second Arya Siddhānta as 22. th. 9m. 11:52s.
The time-difference between the two authorities (Table 4. A above, § 227) must also be ascertained. This is, for 4000 years, 56m.; for 300 years, 4m. 128.; for 80 years, Im.7.20.; total lh. lm. 19-20s. Now we make our calculation,
d. h. m. s. First Arya Siddhānta apparent Mēsha samkrānti ... 84 20 57 30 First Arya Siddhānta sodhya ...
... 2 3 32 30 First Arya mean Mēsha samkrānti
... 87 0 30 0 Time-difference between First and Second Arya Siddhānta in K. Y. 4380 ...
1 1 19.20 Second Arya Siddhanta mean Mêsha sarkrānti ... 87 1 31 19-20 Second Arya Siddhānta sodhya
... -2 4 9 11:52
Apparent Mēsha samkrānti by Second Arya Siddhanta ... 84 21 22 7.68 19 Pārthiva began after this ...
... 275 7 11 816
Time of beginning of 19 Párthiva by the Second Arya Siddhanta ...
... 360
4 33 15.84
360d.=(Table IX, Indian Calendar) December 26.
We have found therefore that 19 Pārthiva according to the Second Arya Siddhanta, whether based on apparent or mean Mesha samkranti ($ 231 above) began at 4h. 33m. 15.846. after mean sunrise on December 26, A.D. 1279.
1 To suit, that is, the European name of the day,