Jain Tattva Mimansa Aur Aachar Mimansa

Author(s): Rujupragyashreeji MS
Publisher: Jain Vishvabharati Vidyalay
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022500/1

Page #1
jaina tattvamImAMsA aura AcAra mImAMsA DaoN. samaNI RjuprajJA

Page #2
jainatattvamImAMsA aura AcAramImAMsA DaoN. samaNI RjuprajJA jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya _ lADanUM-341306 (rAjasthAna)

Page #3

Page #4
jaina tattva mImAMsA aura AcAra mImAMsA DaoN. samaNI RjuprajJA vyAkhyAtA - jaina darzana aura tulanAtmaka dharma-darzana jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya lADanU~-341 306 (rAja.) prakAzaka jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya lADanU~ - 341306 (rAjasthAna)

Page #5
(c) jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya, lADanUM prakAzaka : * jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya lADanUM-341306 (rAja.) dUrabhASa : 01581-222110, 22 2 2 30 phaiksa : 0158 1-2 2 3472 e-mail : registrar@jvbi.ac.in mUlya: 120/- rupaye navIna saMskaraNa : janavarI - 2010 lejara TAipa seTiMga : mohana kampyUTarsa, lADanUM mudraka : zrI varddhamAna presa, navIna zAhadarA, dillI

Page #6
prastAvanA darzana ke aneka pakSa haiM - tattva mImAMsA, jJAna mImAMsA, pramANa mImAMsA, AcAra mImAMsA Adi / prastuta pustaka meM jaina tattva mImAMsA aura AcAra mImAMsA kA vivecana hai| tattva mImAMsA aura AcAra mImAMsA eka hI sikke ke do pahalU haiN| tattva mImAMsA ke AdhAra para hI AcAra-mImAMsA kA prAsAda nirmita hotA hai| tattva ke mUla svarUpa kI mImAMsA karanA tattva-mImAMsA kA viSaya hai| jaina darzana meM tattva ko vistAra se samajhAne ke lie do paddhatiyAM kAma meM lI gaI haiM - jAgatika aura aatmik| jahAM jAgatika vivecana kI pramukhatA hai, vahAM chaH dravyoM kI carcA hai aura jahAM Atmika tattva pramukha hai, vahAM nau tattvoM kA vivecana upalabdha hotA hai| jaina darzana meM tattva ke lie sat, dravya, artha, padArtha Adi zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| " tasya bhAvaH tattvam" ke AdhAra para vastu ke dravya evaM bhAva svarUpa ko tattva kahA gayA hai| utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmakaM sat ke anusAra tattva kA svarUpa utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya rUpa hai| dUsare zabdoM meM dravya - paryAya rUpa hai| jaina darzana ..ke anusAra mUla tattva do haiM- - jIva aura ajIva / chaH dravya aura nau tattva inhIM kA vistAra hai| jaina AcAra mImAMsA kA mukhya uddezya AtmasvarUpa kI prApti hai| AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa hai - ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta Ananda aura ananta zakti / saMsArI avasthA meM AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa karmoM se AvaraNita rahatA hai| samyak AcAra ke dvArA AtmA ko karma - baMdhana se mukta kara paramAtma- pada para avasthita karanA hI jaina AcAra mImAMsA kA dhyeya hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne AcAra ke mukhya do mArga batalAye haiM-- zramaNAcAra aura zrAvakAcAra | prastuta pustaka pAMca ikAiyoM meM vibhakta hai| prathama do ikAI tattva-mImAMsA se saMbaMdhita haiM tathA aMtima tIna ikAI AcAra-mImAMsA se saMbaMdhita haiN| (i)

Page #7
prathama ikAI meM sat kA svarUpa, dravya-guNa-paryAya, SaDdravya, paramANu aura lokavAda kA vivecana hai| - --- .. dvitIya ikAI meM AtmA kA svarUpa, AtmA ke bheda-prabheda, AtmA ke astitva kI siddhi, AtmA kA parimANa, AtmA-zarIra saMbaMdha tathA punarjanma kA vivecana hai| tRtIya ikAI meM jaina AcAra kA AdhAra aura svarUpa, nau tattva, ratnatraya, guNasthAna, SaDAvazyaka aura dasa dharma kA vivecana hai| caturtha ikAI meM zramaNAcAra, zrAvakAcAra, gyAraha pratimA, jaina jIvanazailI, icchA-parimANa aura saMlekhanA-saMthArA kA vivecana hai| paMcama ikAI meM ahiMsA kA svarUpa, ahiMsA prazikSaNa, aNuvrata Andolana, aNuvrata : AcAra saMhitA, svastha samAja saMracanA kA AdhAra tathA aNuvrata ke kAryakSetra kA vivecana hai| maiM atyanta AbhArI hU~ vizvavikhyAta aparimeya jJAnapayonidhi anuzAstA AcArya mahAprajJajI ke prati, jinhoMne mujhe jaina vidyA kA adhyayana karavAyA aura isa kSetra meM kArya karane hetu avasara aura AzIrvAda pradAna kiyaa| jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya kI mAnanIyA kulapati mahodayA DaoN. samaNI maMgalaprajJA kA mArgadarzana evaM yatheSTa sahayoga bhI mujhe samaya-samaya para milatA rahA hai| kampyUTara TaMkaNa kA kArya mohana ne jimmedArI ke sAtha kuzalatApUrvaka kiyA hai| sabhI ke prati hRdaya se AbhAra aura kRtjnytaa| AzA hai 'jaina tattva mImAMsA aura AcAra mImAMsA' kA adhyayana karane vAle vidyArthI varga ke lie yaha pustaka upayogI siddha hogii| ve na kevala tattva-mImAMsA aura AcAra-mImAMsA kA jJAna kara sakeMge apitu apane jIvana meM jJAna aura AcAra kA saMtulana sAdha skeNge| vyaktigata jIvana meM zAMti, prema, maitrI, karuNA, ahiMsA, saMyama Adi mUlyoM ko AtmasAt karate hue svastha samAja kI saMracanA meM apanA yogadAna de sakeMge, aisA vizvAsa hai| DaoN. samaNI RjuprajJA (ii)

Page #8
anukrama pRSTha saMkhyA 1-36 ikAI-1 tattva-mImAMsA H * sat kA svarUpa * dravya-guNa-paryAya SaD dravya * paramANu * lokavAda 37-71 ikAI-2 tattva-mImAMsA * AtmA kA svarUpa * AtmA ke bheda-prabheda AtmA kI siddhi * AtmA kA parimANa * AtmA-zarIra saMbaMdha * punarjanma ikAI-3 AcAra-mImAMsA -72-132 * AcAra kA AdhAra aura svarUpa ... * nau tattva * ratnatraya * guNasthAna * SaDAvazyaka dasa dharma

Page #9
133-188 + + ikAI-4 AcAra-mImAMsA / zramaNAcAra zrAvakAcAra gyAraha pratimA jaina-jIvanazailI aparigraha : icchA-parimANa * saMlekhanA-saMthArA ikAI-5 AcAra-mImAMsA 189-229 * ahiMsA kA svarUpa * pazu-pakSiyoM ke prati krUratA banAma AtmaupamyatA ahiMsA-prazikSaNa aNuvrata Andolana aNuvrata : AcAra-saMhitA aNuvrata : svastha samAja saMracanA kA AdhAra aNuvrata kA kAryakSetra +

Page #10
ikAI-1 tattva-mImAMsA . dArzanika jagat meM tattva-mImAMsA kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna rahA hai| dravya yA sat tattva mImAMsA kA viziSTa aMga mAnA jAtA hai| jo bhI astitvavAn hai, vaha dravya yA sat kahalAtA hai| vaha dravya, guNa aura paryAya se yukta hotA hai| jaina darzana meM chaH dravya mAne gae haiN| chaH dravyoM meM ekamAtra pudgala dravya hamArI AMkhoM kA viSaya banatA hai| pudgala kA sUkSmatama bhAga paramANu kahalAtA hai| paramANu avibhAjya hotA hai| jahA~ para chaH dravya pAye jAte haiM, use loka kahate haiN| prastuta ikAI meM sat kA svarUpa, dravya-guNa-paryAya, chaH dravya, paramANu aura lokavAda kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 1. sat kA svarUpa __ jaina darzana meM sat, tattva, artha, dravya, padArtha, tattvArtha Adi zabdoM kA prayoga prAyaH eka hI artha meM kiyA gayA hai ataH ye zabda eka-dUsare ke paryAyavAcI haiN| 'sat' zabda kA aitihAsika dRSTi se vimarza karane para yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki jaina AgamoM meM sat ke lie tattva zabda kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai| gautama svAmI ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUchA-bhaMte! tattva kyA hai? bhagavAna ne kahA-gautama! tattva vaha hai, jo utpanna hotA hai, naSTa hotA hai aura dhruva (sthira) rahatA hai| isa saMvAda se spaSTa hai ki jaina AgamoM meM tattva yA dravya kI sat saMjJA nahIM thii| jaba anya darzanoM meM 'sat' isa saMjJA kA samAveza huA taba jaina dArzanikoM ke sAmane bhI yaha prazna upasthita huA ki sat kise kahA jaae| sarvaprathama AcArya umAsvAti ne dravya kA sat lakSaNa karake isa samasyA kA samAdhAna kiyaa| isake bAda uttaravartI aneka AcAryoM ne bhI dravya ko sat ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAyita kiyaa|

Page #11
bhAratIya darzana meM sat kA svarUpa --- . 'sat' zabda astitva kA vAcaka hai| vizva meM jitane bhI astitvavAna padArtha haiM, ve saba sat haiN| jar3a aura cetana-donoM prakAra ke padArthoM kA samAveza sat meM ho jAtA hai| isa dRSTi se sat, vastu, tattva, dravya, padArtha eka hI artha ke bodhaka zabda haiN| sat ke svarUpa ke sandarbha meM bhAratIya darzana meM pAMca mAnyatAe~ haiM 1. sat kA svarUpa kUTastha nitya hai| usameM parivartana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| vedAnta darzana isa siddhAnta kA samarthaka hai| 2. sat kA svarUpa anitya hai| vaha hara kSaNa parivartanazIla hai| bauddha darzana isa siddhAnta kA samarthaka hai| ___3. cetana sat (puruSa) kUTastha nitya tathA acetana sat (prakRti) pariNAmI nitya hai| sAMkhya darzana isa siddhAnta kA poSaka hai| 4. paramANu, AtmA Adi kucha sat kUTastha nitya tathA ghaTa-paTa Adi kucha sat anitya haiN| isa mata ke samarthaka nyAya-vaizeSika haiN| 5. sat padArtha na ekAntataH nitya aura na ekAntataH anitya haiM apitu pariNAmInitya arthAt nityAnitya haiN| yaha maMtavya jaina darzana kA hai| jaina darzana meM sat / sarvaprathama AcArya umAsvAti ne sat ko paribhASita karate hue likhA-utpAdavyayadhrauvyayuktaM st| yat sat tat drvym| guNaparyAyayuta drvym| sat utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya yukta hai| jo sat hai, vahI dravya hai aura jo dravya hai, vahI sat hai| dravya vaha hai, jo guNa-paryAya se yukta hai| isa prakAra sat (dravya) ke sandarbha meM do avadhAraNAe~ sAmane AI

Page #12
1. sat utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya yukta hai| 2. sat guNa-paryAya yukta hai| sat kI ina donoM avadhAraNAoM meM mAtra zabda bheda hai, tAtparyArtha meM koI bheda nahIM hai| utpAda-vyaya ke sthAna para guNa aura paryAya tathA dhrauvya ke sthAna para dravya zabda kA prayoga huA hai| utpAda aura vyaya parivartana ke arthAt anityatA ke sUcaka haiM aura dhrauvya nityatA kA sUcaka zabda hai| usI prakAra paryAya anityatA kA tathA dravya nityatA kA sUcaka hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya-ye tInoM bAteM yugapat-eka sAtha jisameM ghaTita hotI haiM, vahI sat hotA hai| parivartanazIlatA aura nityatA-ye donoM sAtha rahakara hI sat (padArtha) ko pUrNatA dete haiN| kevala utpAda, kevala vyaya yA kevala dhrauvya sat kA lakSaNa nahIM bana sktaa| prazna ho sakatA hai ki eka hI padArtha meM eka sAtha utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya kI saMgati kaise ho sakatI hai? kyoMki ye tInoM virodhI pratIta hote haiN| jahA~ utpAda aura vyaya hai, vahA~ sthAyitva kaise ho sakatA hai aura jahA~ sthAyitva hai, vahA~ utpAda tathA vyaya kaise ghaTita ho sakatA hai? ____ isakA samAdhAna yahI hai ki Upara-Upara se dekhane para yahA~ visaMgati kI pratIti hotI hai, para saccAI yaha hai ki inake binA kisI padArtha kI saMgati ho hI nahIM sktii| udAharaNa ke lie sone se kaMgana, aMgUThI Adi aneka AbhUSaNa banAe jAte haiN| sone ke kaMgana ko tor3akara jaba aMgUThI banAI jAtI hai taba aMgUThI kA utpAda aura kaMgana kA vyaya hameM pratyakSa najara AtA hai aura usI samaya sonA, jo ki dhrauvya hai, vaha bhI najara AtA hai, kyoMki kaMgana, aMgUThI Adi aneka paryAyoM se gujaratA huA bhI sonA dravya sadA sthira rahatA hai,

Page #13
usakA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotaa| isa udAharaNa se yaha spaSTa hai ki utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya - tInoM sAtha-sAtha rahate haiN| dUsarI zabdoM meM dravya aura paryAya - donoM sAtha-sAtha rahate haiN| isI bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhakara bhagavAna mahAvIra ne isa tripadI kI prarUpaNA kI - ' uppaNNei vA, vigamei vA, dhuvei vA / sat (padArtha) utpanna bhI hotA hai, naSTa bhI hotA hai aura dhruva bhI rahatA hai| utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya ke sAtha sat kA avinAbhAvI saMbaMdha hai| isa prakAra anya darzanoM meM upalabdha sat kI avadhAraNA kA AdhAra jahA~ ekAntavAda hai, vahIM jaina darzana meM sat ke svarUpa kA nirdhAraNa anekAntavAda ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| unake anusAra pratyeka vastu meM do aMza hote haiN| eka aMza to tInoM kAloM meM zAzvata rahatA hai aura dUsarA aMza sadA badalatA rahatA hai| ina do aMzoM meM se kisI eka ko svIkAra karane se vastu kevala nitya yA kevala anitya pratIta hotI hai / parantu donoM aMzoM ko svIkAra karane se vastu kA pUrNa yA yathArtha svarUpa jJAta ho sakatA hai| isalie pratyeka sat padArtha utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya yukta hai| sat (dravya) ke prakAra dravya yA tattva kitane haiM? isa prazna kA uttara vibhinna graMthoM meM vividha rUpoM meM diyA gayA hai| jahA~ taka dravya sAmAnya kA prazna hai, saba eka haiN| vahA~ kisI prakAra kI bheda- kalpanA utpanna hI nahIM hotI / jo sat hai, vahI dravya hai aura vahI tattva hai| yadi hama dvaita dRSTi se dekheM to dravya ko do rUpoM meM dekha sakate haiN| ye do rUpa haiM- jIva aura ajIva / caitanya lakSaNa vAle jitane bhI dravya vizeSa haiM, ve saba jIva vibhAga ke antargata A jAte haiN| jinameM caitanya nahIM hai, ve sabhI dravya vizeSa ajIva vibhAga ke antargata A jAte haiN|

Page #14
jIva aura ajIva ke anya bheda karane para dravya ke chaH bheda bhI ho jAte haiN| ve haiM-dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya, kAla, pudgalAstikAya aura jiivaastikaay| inameM jIvAstikAya jIva vibhAga meM tathA zeSa pAMca ajIva vibhAga ke antargata Ate haiN| ina chaH dravyoM kI vyAkhyA jAgatika sandarbha meM kI jAtI hai| Atmika vikAsa kI dRSTi se bhI jIva aura ajIva-ina do dravyoM ko vistRta kara nau dravya yA tattva svIkAra kiye gae haiN| ve haiM-jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Azrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha aura mokss| chaH dravyoM aura nau tattvoM kA vistRta vivecana Age kiyA jaaegaa| __2. dravya-guNa-paryAya prAyaH sabhI bhAratIya dArzanikoM ne 'dravya' ko apane ciMtana ke kendra meM rakhA hai| 'dravya ciMtana' tattva mImAMsA kA pramukha viSaya hai| jaina darzana meM sat kI avadhAraNA AgamakAlIna hai| jaina AgamoM meM sat ke lie dravya zabda kA prayoga huA hai| 1. dravya-vyutpatti evaM paribhASA dravya zabda dru dhAtu se karmArthaka ya pratyaya se niSpanna hai| isakA artha hai-prApti yogy| dravya kA vyutpattiparaka artha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki-'adruvatdravatidroSyatitAMstAnaparyAyAniti dravyam' arthAt dravya vaha hai, jo bhinna-bhinna avasthAoM ko prApta huA, ho rahA hai aura hogaa| jaina sAhitya meM dravya kI paribhASA aneka dRSTikoNoM se kI gaI hai| * guNasamudAyarUpa dravya vizva vyavasthA ke sandarbha meM dravya kI prathama paribhASA uttarAdhyayanasUtra meM milatI hai| guNANAmAsavo davvaM vahAM guNoM ke Azraya ko dravya kahA gayA hai| bAda meM kucha jainAcAryoM ne isI paribhASA kA anusaraNa karate hue guNasamudAya ko dravya mAnA hai|

Page #15
* guNaparyAya se yukta dravya uttarAdhyayana kI paribhASA meM dravya ko kevala guNoM kA Azraya mAnA gayA hai kintu bAda meM dravya kI paribhASA meM guNa ke sAtha paryAya ko bhI jor3A gyaa| AcArya umAsvAti ne dravya kI paribhASA meM guNa ke sAtha paryAya ko jor3ate hue tattvArthasUtra meM likhA-'guNaparyAyavad dravyam' arthAt guNa aura paryAya se jo yukta hai, vaha dravya hai| jaina siddhAnta dIpikA meM bhI guNaparyAyAzrayo dravyam kahakara guNa aura paryAya ke Azraya ko dravya kahA gyaa| * dravya kA lakSaNa sat . tattvArthasUtra meM dravya ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA'satdravyalakSaNam' dravya kA lakSaNa sat hai aura sat utpAda-vyayadhrauvya yukta hotA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne dravya ko paribhASita karate hue likhAdavvaM sallakkhaNIyaM uppAda vyaya dhuvatta sNjuttN| guNa pajjayAsayaM vA jaM taM bhaNNati svnnnnhuu|| isa zloka meM dravya ke tIna lakSaNa haiM1. dravya kA lakSaNa sat hai| 2. dravya kA lakSaNa utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya yukta hai| 3. dravya kA lakSaNa guNa-paryAyayukta hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra dravya se rahita paryAya aura paryAya se rahita dravya kA astitva kharaviSANa yA bandhyAputra kI bhAMti hotA hI nahIM hai| 2. guNa kI paribhASA dravya kI paribhASA se yaha spaSTa hai ki dravya meM guNa aura paryAya donoM hote haiN| guNa aura paryAya ke binA dravya kI kalpanA nahIM kI jA sktii| guNa ko paribhASita karate hue likhA gayA-sahabhAvI

Page #16
dharmo gunnH| dravya ke sahabhAvI dharma ko guNa kahate haiN| sahabhAvI dharma dravya se kabhI alaga nahIM hotaa| AcArya umAsvAti ne guNa ko paribhASita karate hue likhA-dravyAzrayA nirguNA guNAH arthAt guNa dravya ke Azrita hote haiM para guNa svayaM nirguNa hote haiN| guNa meM guNoM kA sadbhAva nahIM hotaa| udAharaNa ke lie jala dravya hai aura zItalatA usakA guNa hai| para yadi koI pUche zItalatA kA guNa kyA hai to yahI kahanA hogA ki zItalatA svayaM guNa hai aura guNa kA guNa nahIM hotA ataH guNa svayaM nirguNa hai| guNa ke prakAra guNa ke do prakAra haiM1. sAmAnya guNa 2. vizeSa guNa 1. sAmAnya guNa ... sabhI dravyoM meM samAna rUpa se pAyA jAne vAlA guNa sAmAnya guNa hai| jaise-saMsAra ke jitane bhI manuSya haiM, unameM pAyA jAne vAlA manuSyatA samAnya guNa hai| sAmAnya guNa ke chaha prakAra batAye gaye haiM 1. astitva, __2. vastutva, 3. dravyatva, 4. prameyatva, 5. pradezavatva, 6. agurulaghutva, 1. astitva-astitva guNa ke kAraNa dravya kA kabhI vinAza nahIM hotaa| tInoM kAlo meM usakA astitva banA rahatA hai| isa

Page #17
astitva guNa ke kAraNa hI dravya meM utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvyatva sadaiva banA rahatA hai| padArtha hameM utpanna aura naSTa hotA huA dikhAI detA hai, para usakA astitva naSTa nahIM hotaa| 2. vastutva-jisa guNa ke kAraNa dravya koI-na-koI arthakriyA avazya karatA hai, use vastutva guNa kahate haiN| arthakriyAkAritva ke abhAva meM vastu-avastu bana jAtI hai| isa vastutva guNa ke kAraNa dravya pratikSaNa kucha-na-kucha arthakriyA karatA rahatA hai| 3. dravyatva-jisa guNa ke kAraNa dravya sadA eka sarIkhA na rahakara naI-naI paryAyoM ko dhAraNa karatA rahatA hai, vaha dravyatva guNa kahalAtA hai| dravya meM hone vAle pariNamana kA mUla AdhAra dravyatva hai| yadi dravyatva nahIM ho to dravya usI prakAra dravya nahIM ho sakatA, jisa prakAra manuSyatva ke binA manuSya nahIM hotaa| 4. prameyatva-dravya kI pahacAna kA mAdhyama guNa banatA hai ata: jisa guNa ke dvArA dravya kA bodha hotA hai, vaha guNa prameyatva kahalAtA hai| hamArA jJAna sImita hai ataH hama sabhI dravyoM ko nahIM jAnate para hamAre jJAna meM vaha zakti hai ki hama sabhI dravyoM ko jAna sakate haiN| dravyoM ko jAnane meM prameyatva guNa kAraNa banatA hai| 5. pradezavatva-jaina darzana meM dravya ko sapradezI mAnA gayA hai| dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya aura eka jIva ke pradeza asaMkhya hote haiN| AkAza ke pradeza ananta hote haiN| pudgala skandha ke pradeza do se lekara saMkhyeya, asaMkhyeya aura ananta taka ho sakate haiN| paramANu apradezI hotA hai| isa prakAra dravyoM ke saMkhyeya, asaMkhyeya aura ananta pradezoM ke parimANa (mApa) kA AdhAra pradezavatva guNa banatA hai| 6. agurulaghutva-yaha guNa sUkSma hai aura vANI kA viSaya nahIM bntaa| agurulaghutva guNa ke kAraNa pratyeka dravya apane svarUpa meM avasthita rahatA hai| apane astitva ko chor3akara dUsare ke astitva

Page #18
ko svIkAra nahIM krtaa| jaise-ananta kAla se pudgala aura AtmA kA saMbaMdha calA A rahA hai para pudgala kabhI AtmA nahIM banate aura AtmA kabhI pudgala nahIM bntii| dravya meM agurulaghutva nAmaka aisA guNa hai, jo unheM apanI sImA ko chor3akara dUsare dravya kI sImA meM jAne nahIM detaa| vizva ke samasta padArthoM meM uparyukta ye chahoM guNa samAna rUpa se pAe jAte haiN| sabameM samAna rUpa se pAe jAne ke kAraNa hI inheM sAmAnya guNa kahA jAtA hai| 2. vizeSa guNa jo guNa samasta dravyoM meM samAna rUpa se upalabdha nahIM hote, ve vizeSa guNa kahalAte haiN| vizeSa guNa hara padArtha kA apanA-apanA hotA hai| usakA kisI dUsare padArtha meM saMkramaNa nahIM hotaa| jaise-gati meM sahAyatA karanA dharmAstikAya kA vizeSa guNa hai| yaha adharmAstikAya dravya meM nahIM pAyA jaataa| vizeSa guNa solaha prakAra ke haiM1. gatihetutva 1. jJAna 2. sthitihetutva 10. darzana 3. avagAhahetutva 11. sukha 4. vartanAhetutva 12. vIrya 5. sparza 13. cetanatva 6. rasa 14. acetanatva 7. gandha 15. mUrttatva 16. amuurtttv| 1. gatihetutva-gati meM sahAyatA karanA dharmAstikAya kA vizeSa guNa hai| dharmAstikAya ke abhAva meM koI bhI padArtha gati nahIM kara sktaa| 8. varNa

Page #19
10 2. sthitihetutva - sthira rahane meM sahAyatA karanA adharmAstikAya kA vizeSa guNa hai| adharmAstikAya ke abhAva meM koI bhI padArtha sthira nahIM raha sktaa| 3. avagAhahetutva - sabhI dravyoM ko Azraya denA AkAza kA vizeSa guNa hai| AkAza ke atirikta kisI meM bhI yaha guNa nahIM pAyA jaataa| 4. vartanAhetutva - vartanAhetutva kAla kA vizeSa guNa hai| hamArI jitanI bhI vRttiyA~ haiM, unameM kAla hetubhUta hai| yadi kAla nahIM ho to koI bhI kriyA nahIM ho sakatI ataH vartana kAla kA vizeSa guNa hai| 5-8. sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa-sparza, rasa, gaMdha aura varNa pudgala dravya ke vizeSa guNa haiN| 9-12. jJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya jJAna, darzana, vIrya jIva dravya ke vizeSa guNa haiN| - sukha aura 13. cetanatva - cetanatva jIva kA vizeSa guNa hai| isa guNa ke kAraNa jIva cetanAyukta hotA hai| 14. acetanatva - acetanatva jIva ko chor3akara cAra astikAya aura kAla kA vizeSa guNa hai| 15. mUrttatva - mUrttatva pudgala kA vizeSa guNa hai| isa guNa ke kAraNa hI pudgala hamArI indriyoM ke viSaya banate haiN| 16. amUrttatva - amUrttatva pudgala ko chor3akara cAra astikAya tathA kAla kA vizeSa guNa hai| isa guNa ke kAraNa hI pudgala ko chor3akara zeSa dravya indriyoM ke viSaya nahIM banate haiN| uparyukta solaha guNoM meM jIva aura pudagala meM chaha-chaha guNa pAe jAte haiN| zeSa dravyoM meM tIna-tIna guNa pAye jAte haiN| inakA ullekha isa prakAra hai

Page #20
11 dravya vizeSa guNa 1. dharmAstikAya gatihetutva, acetanatva, amUrtatva 2. adharmAstikAya sthitihetutva, acetanatva, amUrttatva 3. AkAzAstikAya avagAhahetutva, acetanatva, amUrttatva 4. kAla vartanAhetutva, acetanatva, amUrttatva 5. pudgalAstikAya sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa, acetanatva, mUrttatva 6. jIvAstikAya jJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya, cetanatva, amUrtatva 3. paryAya kI paribhASA guNa kI taraha paryAya bhI dravya kA dharma hai| dravya kA sahabhAvI dharma guNa kahalAtA hai aura kramabhAvI dharma paryAya kahalAtA hai| guNa dravya ke sAtha nirantara rahatA hai aura paryAya hamezA badalatI rahatI hai| dravya aura guNa kI parivartanazIla avasthAoM kA nAma paryAya hai| dUsare zabdoM meM dravya aura guNa kI pUrva-pUrva avasthA kA nAza aura uttara-uttara (naI-naI) avasthA ke utpAda ko paryAya kahate haiN| jaise' jIva dravya kA nAraka, deva, manuSya, tiryaMca Adi rUpoM meM parivartita honA jIva kI paryAya hai| ina avasthAoM meM bhI vaha na jAne kitane-kitane rUpoM meM badalatA rahatA hai| isI prakAra jIva ke jJAna, darzana, vIrya Adi guNoM meM parivartana hotA rahatA hai| pudgaloM ke sparza, rasa, gaMdha aura varNa meM parivartana hotA rahatA hai| ye saba guNa kI paryAya haiN| paryAya ke prakAra __ dravya kI pUrva aura uttara avasthAe~ ananta haiM ataH paryAya ke bhI ananta prakAra ho sakate haiN| kintu saMkSepa meM unheM do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA jAtA hai

Page #21
12 1. vyaMjana paryAya 2. artha paryAya 1. vyaMjana paryAya vyaMjana paryAya sthUla paryAya hai| ise zabdoM ke dvArA vyakta kiyA jA sakatA hai tathA yaha sarvasAdhAraNa ke jJAna kA viSaya bana sakatA hai| jaise- bacce kA yuvA ho jAnA, kAle bAloM kA sapheda ho jAnA Adi vyaMjana paryAya ke udAharaNa haiN| ye aisI paryAyeM haiM, jo buddhigamya, trikAlasparzI aura zabdoM ke dvArA abhivyakta hotI haiN| 2. artha paryAya artha paryAya sUkSma paryAya hai| ina carma cakSuoM dvArA use dekhA nahIM jA sktaa| pratikSaNa parivartana hone ke bAda bhI usake AkAra meM koI parivartana najara nahIM aataa| jo kevala vartamAnavartI hai| zabdoM ke dvArA jise abhivyakta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, vaha artha paryAya hai| eka dUsarI dRSTi se bhI paryAya ke do bheda kiye gae haiM1. svabhAva paryAya - 2. vibhAva paryAya 1. svabhAva paryAya jisa parivartana meM kisI bAhya padArtha kI apekSA nahIM rahatI / dUsarI vastu ke nimitta ke binA jo sahaja parivartana hotA rahatA hai, use svabhAva paryAya kahA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra samudra meM havA Adi bAhya nimittoM ke na hone para bhI jvAra uThatA hai, jvAra kA uThanA pAnI kI svabhAva paryAya hai| saMsAra meM ghaTa, paTa Adi jitane bhI padArtha haiM, unameM pratikSaNa binA kisI nimitta ke jo sUkSma parivartana hotA rahatA hai, vaha svabhAva paryAya hai|

Page #22
13 2. vibhAva paryAya jisa parivartana meM kisI dUsare padArtha kI apekSA rahatI hai| dUsaroM ke nimitta se hone vAlA parivartana vibhAva paryAya hai, jaisedUdha meM dahI kA jAmana dene para vaha dUdha-dahIM ke rUpa meM parivartita. ho jAtA hai| jAmana dvArA dahI ke rUpa meM parivartita honA vibhAva paryAya hai| paryAya dravya aura guNa donoM ke Azrita rahatA hai| isa dRSTi se dravya aura guNa meM sthUla yA sUkSma jitanA bhI badalAva AtA hai, vaha saba paryAya hai| dravya-guNa- paryAya kA bhedAbheda jaina darzana ke anusAra dravya-guNa- paryAya meM na ekAntataH bheda hai aura na hI ekAntataH abheda haiM apitu bhedAbheda hai| bhedAbheda arthAt kisI apekSA se bheda hai aura kisI apekSA se abheda bhI hai| muktAbhyaH zvetatAdibhyo muktAdAma yathA pRthak / guNaparyAyayorvyakterdravyazaktistathAzritA / / dravyAnuyoga tarkaNA kI uparyukta gAthA meM dravya-guNa- paryAya-ina tInoM ke bhedAbheda kA pratipAdana spaSTa rUpa se ho jAtA hai| jaise eka muktAhAra kA vizleSaNa hAra, dhAgA aura motI- ina tIna rUpoM meM kiyA jAtA hai, vaise hI eka dravya kA vizleSaNa dravya, guNa aura paryAya ke rUpa meM kiyA jAtA hai| jaise svarNa se usakA guNa pIlApana aura kuNDala Adi paryAya usase bhinna nahIM haiM, vaise hI dravya se bhinna guNa aura paryAya nahIM haiN| isIlie jo guNa aura paryAyayukta hai, vaha dravya hai, aisA dravya kA lakSaNa kiyA jAtA hai| dravya-guNa- paryAya meM paraspara abheda dravya-guNa- paryAya meM paraspara AdhAra-Adheya bhAva saMbaMdha hai| dravya

Page #23
14 AdhAra hai aura guNa-paryAya Adheya haiN| dravya ke binA guNa-paryAya kA Azraya nahIM hogA aura guNa-paryAya ke binA dravya ko jAnA nahIM jA skegaa| ataH tInoM paraspara abhinna haiN| inheM alaga-alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| dravya-guNa-paryAya meM paraspara bheda ... dravya-guNa-paryAya-tInoM paraspara abhinna hote hue bhI kathaMcita / bhinna haiN| saMjJA saMkhyA vizeSAcca svalakSaNa vishesstH| prayojanAdi bhedAcca tannAnAtvaM na srvthaa|| saMjJA, saMkhyA aura lakSaNa kI dRSTi se tInoM meM paraspara bheda hai| 1. saMjJAkRta bhinnatAM tInoM kI saMjJA arthAt nAma alaga-alaga haiN| eka kA nAma dravya, dUsare kA nAma guNa aura tIsare kA nAma paryAya hai| nAma kI dRSTi se tInoM meM paraspara bhinnatA hai| yadi abhinnatA hotI to eka hI nAma se kAma cala jAtA, para nAmoM kI bhinnatA se yaha spaSTa hai ki unameM bheda hai| 2. saMkhyAkRta bhinnatA . saMkhyA arthAt gnnnaa| saMkhyA kI dRSTi se tInoM meM paraspara * bhinnatA hai| dravya chaH haiM, sAmAnya guNa chaH aura vizeSa guNa solaha haiM tathA paryAya ananta haiN| ataH saMkhyA ke AdhAra para tInoM paraspara bhinna haiN| 3. lakSaNakRta bhinnatA tInoM ke lakSaNa alaga-alaga haiN| dravya-guNa aura paryAya ke Azraya ko dravya kahate haiN|

Page #24
15 guNa-dravya ke sahabhAvI dharma ko guNa kahate haiN| paryAya-dravya ke kramabhAvI dharma ko paryAya kahate haiN| isa prakAra saMjJA, saMkhyA aura lakSaNa ke AdhAra para tInoM meM paraspara bhinnatA hai| dravya-guNa-paryAya ko vastujagat meM alaga-alaga nahIM kiyA jA sakatA ataH abhinnatA hai tathA tInoM ko buddhi ke stara para alaga-alaga samajhA jA sakatA hai ataH inameM bhinnatA bhI hai| isa prakAra jaina darzana meM dravya-guNa-paryAya ina tInoM meM paraspara bhedAbheda ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| 3. SaD dravya * darzana jagat meM tattvamImAMsA kA apanA vizeSa sthAna hai| jaina tattva mImAMsA meM dravya ke svarUpa kA vizada vivecana huA hai| jaina darzana meM mukhya do dravya mAne gaye haiM-jIva aura ajiiv| vizva-vyavasthA ke sandarbha meM jaina darzana meM paMcAstikAya aura SaD dravya kI carcA upalabdha hotI hai, jo ki ina do dravyoM kA hI vistAra hai| chaH dravya nimnalikhita haiM 1. dharmAstikAya, 2. adharmAstikAya, 3. AkAzAstikAya, . 4. kAla, 5. pudgalAstikAya, 6. jiivaastikaay|. ina chaH dravyoM meM kAla ko chor3akara pAMca astikAya haiN| kAla astikAya nahIM hai| SaDdravyoM ke vivecana se pUrva astikAya ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| astikAya meM do zabda haiM-asti aura kaay| asti zabda kA artha hai-pradeza aura kAya zabda kA artha hai-smuuh| pradeza samUha ko astikAya kahate haiN| pradeza se tAtparya vastu ke eka aMza se hai| jisa prakAra eka vastra aneka taMtuoM se banatA hai, unameM pratyeka taMtu ko eka pradeza mAnA jA sakatA hai| taMtuoM kA samUha vastra

Page #25
16 hai / usI prakAra pratyeka dravya ke aneka pradeza hote haiM, una pradezoM ke samUha ko astikAya kahA jAtA hai| kAla ke astikAya nahIM hotA kyoMki kAla vartamAnavartI hai| atIta bIta cukA hai, bhaviSya abhI AyA nahIM hai, vartamAna kSaNavartI hai, usake pradeza pracaya nahIM hotA / ataH kAla astikAya dravya nahIM hai| 1. dharmAstikAya pAMca astikAya dravyoM meM sabase pahalA dravya hai- dharmAstikAya / dharmAstikAya ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA - ' gatisahAyo dharmaH ' jIva aura pudgala kI gati meM udAsIna bhAva se sahAyatA karane vAlA dravya dharmAstikAya hai, jaise- machalI kI gati meM jala / jisa prakAra machalI meM tairane kI zakti svayaM meM nihita hotI hai, para jala ke abhAva meM vaha taira nahIM sakatI ataH jala usakI gati meM ananya sahAyaka hai| yadyapi jala machalI ko tairane ke lie prerita nahIM karatA para jaba vaha tairatI hai to usake tairane meM sahAyatA karatA hai| usI prakAra jIva aura pudgala meM gati karane kI zakti svayaM meM nihita hai, phira bhI ve dharmAstikAya ke sahayoga ke binA gati nahIM kara skte| isalie yaha gati meM ananya sahayogI hai| jahA~ taka dharmAstikAya hai, vahIM taka jIva aura pudgala gati kara sakate haiN| aloka meM dharmAstikAya kA abhAva hone se jIva aura pudgala vahAM gati nahIM kara skte| bhagavatI sUtra meM eka prasaMga AtA hai- gautama ne bhagavAn mahAvIra se pUchA - " bhagavan ! gati - sahAyaka tattva ( dharmAstikAya) se jIvoM ko kyA lAbha hotA hai?" bhagavAn ne kahA - " gautama ! gati sahAyaka tattva dharmAstikAya nahIM hotA to kauna AtA aura kauna jAtA? zabda kI taraMgeM kaise phailatI ? A~kha kaise khulatI ? kauna manana karatA? kauna bolatA? kauna

Page #26
17 hilatA-DulatA? yaha vizva acala hI hotaa| jo cala hai, una sabakA Alambana gati-sahAyaka tattva dharmAstikAya hI hai|" dharmAstikAya kA svarUpa . . dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura guNa kI apekSA dharmAstikAya kA svarUpa isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai| dravya se tAtparya usakA svarUpa kyA hai? kSetra se tAtparya vaha kisa sthAna meM prApya hai? kAla se tAtparya vaha kaba utpanna huA? aba hai yA nahIM aura kaba taka rahegA? bhAva se tAtparya vaha kisa avasthA meM hai? guNa se tAtparya vaha jagat kA upakArI hai yA nahIM, yadi hai to kyA upakAra karatA hai? dravya kI dRSTi se yaha eka akhaNDa dravya hai| ise vibhAjita nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| kSetra kI dRSTi se yaha sampUrNa loka meM vyApta hai| __ kAla kI dRSTi se yaha anAdi-ananta hai| isakI na koI Adi hai aura na ant| yaha sadA thA, hai aura rhegaa| bhAva (svarUpa) kI dRSTi se yaha amUrta, abhautika, caitanyarahita tathA agatizIla hai| guNa kI dRSTi se-gati meM apekSita sahAyatA karanA hai| 2. adharmAstikAya adharmAstikAya dUsarA dravya hai| ise paribhASita karate hue likhA gayA-'sthitisahAyo'dharmaH' jIva aura pudgala kI sthiti meM udAsIna bhAva se sahAyatA karane vAlA dravya adharmAstikAya hai, jaise-pathikoM ke Thaharane meM vRkSa kI chaayaa| eka calate hue pathika ke vizrAma meM jisa prakAra eka vRkSa sahAyaka hotA hai, usI prakAra gati karate hue jIva aura pudgala kI sthiti meM adharmAstikAya sahAyaka hotA hai| yadyapi jIva aura pudgala meM gati kI bhAMti sthira

Page #27
18 rahane kI kSamatA bhI svayaM meM hI vidyamAna hai| phira bhI adharmAstikAya ke abhAva meM ve sthira nahIM ho skte| vRkSa pathikoM ko apanI chAyA meM Thaharane ke lie prerita nahIM karatA kintu koI pathika yadi ThaharatA hai to usameM apekSita sahAyatA karatA hai| dharmAstikAya kI bhAMti adharmAstikAya bhI pUre loka meM vyApta hai| aloka meM usakA abhAva hone ke kAraNa jIva aura pudgala kI sthiti aloka meM nahIM hotI ! bhagavatI sUtra meM gautama ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUchA - " bhagavan ! sthiti - sahAyaka tattva (adharmAstikAya) se jIvoM ko kyA lAbha hotA hai?" bhagavAna ne kahA - " gautama ! sthiti kA sahArA nahIM hotA to kauna khar3A rahatA? kauna baiThatA ? sonA kaise hotA ? kauna mana ko ekAgra karatA? mauna kauna karatA? kauna nispandana banatA? yaha vizva cala hI hotaa| jo sthira hai, una sabakA Alambana sthiti - sahAyaka tattva adharmAstikAya hI hai| 91 adharmAstikAya kA svarUpa dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura guNa kI apekSA se adharmAstikAya kA svarUpa isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai dravya kI dRSTi se kSetra kI dRSTi se kAla kI dRSTi se bhAva kI dRSTi se agatizIla hai| ---- yaha eka akhaNDa dravya hai| - karatA hai| yaha -- - sampUrNa loka meM vyApta hai| yaha anAdi-ananta haiN| yaha amUrta, abhautika, caitanyarahita tathA guNa kI dRSTi se - padArthoM ke sthira rahane meM apekSita sahAyatA

Page #28
19 3. AkAzAstikAya . yaha tIsarA dravya hai| ise paribhASita karate hue likhA gayA'avagAhalakSaNaH AkAzaH' samasta dravyoM ko avakAza (Azraya) dene vAlA tattva AkAza hai| loka-vyavahAra meM prAyaH nIle raMga kA jo AkAza dikhAI detA hai, use AkAza kahA jAtA hai| vAstava meM vaha AkAza nahIM hai, kyoMki AkAza kevala Upara hI nahIM hai, apitu sarvatra hai| yadi AkAza sarvatra na ho to vyaktiyoM aura vastuoM ko Azraya kauna degA? Upara jo nIlA AkAza dikhAI detA hai, vaha paudgalika hai| AkAzAstikAya koI Thosa dravya nahIM, apitu khAlI sthAna hai| usake do vibhAga kiye gae haiM-lokAkAza aura alokaakaash| jaise jala kA Azraya-sthAna jalAzaya kahalAtA hai, vaise hI samasta dravyoM kA Azraya-sthAna lokAkAza kahalAtA hai| jahA~ samasta dravya nahIM, kevala AkAza hai, vaha sthAna alokAkAza kahalAtA hai| dharmAstikAya-adharmAstikAya kI bhA~ti AkAza bhI eka akhaNDa dravya hai| lokAkAza aura alokAkAza ke bIca koI sImArekhA yA bhedarekhA nahIM hai| yaha vibhAjana dharmadravya aura adharmadravya ke AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| AkAza ke AdhAra para nhiiN| AkAza ke jisa khaNDa taka dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya Adi dravya haiM, utanA khaNDa lokAkAza hai aura jisa khaNDa meM unakA abhAva hai, vaha alokAkAza bhagavatIsUtra meM gaNadhara gautama ne jijJAsA kI-bhagavan! AkAza tattva se jIvoM aura ajIvoM ko kyA lAbha hotA hai? bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA-gautama! yadi AkAza nahIM hotA to ye jIva kahA~ hote? ye dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya kahA~ vyApta hote? kAla kahA~ baratatA? pudgala kA raMgamaMca kahA~ para banatA? yaha vizva nirAdhAra ho jaataa| - - -

Page #29
20 AkAzAstikAya kA svarUpa.. dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura guNa ke AdhAra para AkAza ke svarUpa ko isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai dravya kI dRSTi se - yaha eka akhaNDa dravya hai| kSetra kI dRSTi se - yaha ananta aura asIma hai| loka aura aloka donoM meM vyApta hai| kAla kI dRSTi se - yaha anAdi, ananta aura zAzvata hai| bhAva kI dRSTi se yaha amUrta, abhautika, caitanyarahita evaM agatizIla hai| - guNa kI dRSTi se yaha sabhI dravyoM ko Azraya sthAna detA hai| 4. kAla uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM kAla kA lakSaNa vartanA kiyA gayA hai| sAmAnyataH vyavahAra meM prayoga Ane vAlA 'samaya' zabda hI kAla kA sUcaka hai kintu jaina darzana meM samaya ko bhinna artha meM liyA gayA hai| samaya kAla kA sabase choTA hissA hai| samaya kAla kA avibhAjya aMza hai| jaina sAhitya meM samaya kA mApa isa prakAra batAyA gayA hai - eka paramANu ko eka AkAza-pradeza se dUsare AkAza-pradeza taka jAne meM jitanA samaya lagatA hai, vaha eka samaya hai| jaina AcAryoM ne ise isa rUpa meM bhI samajhAyA hai ki A~kha kI palaka jhapakane aura khulane meM jitanA kAla lagatA hai, usameM asaMkhyAta samaya bIta jAte haiM ataH samaya bahuta sUkSma hai| kAla astikAya dravya nahIM hai, kyoMki isake pradeza pracaya nahIM hote| kAla apradezI hai| kAla kA kevala vartamAna samaya hI astitva meM hotA hai| bhUta samaya to vyatIta ho cukA hai aura bhaviSya samaya abhI utpanna nahIM huA hai| vartamAna samaya 'eka' hotA hai| ataH pradeza pracaya na hone ke kAraNa yaha astikAya nahIM hai| -

Page #30
kAla ke do prakAra mAne gae haiM-vyAvahArika kAla aura naizcayika kaal| samaya, muhUrta, dina, rAta, pakSa, mAsa, varSa, yuga.... Adi vyAvahArika kAla haiN| yaha kAla kevala manuSya kSetra meM hI hotA hai tathA sUrya-candra kI gati ke AdhAra para isa kAla kA nirdhAraNa hotA hai| kAla kA sabase sUkSma bhAga samaya tathA sabase utkRSTa bhAga pudgalaparAvartana kahalAtA hai| kAla ke sandarbha meM jaina-sAhitya meM do mata haiN| eka mata ke anusAra kAla svataMtra dravya nahIM hai| vaha jIva aura ajIva dravya kA paryAya pravAha hai| dvitIya mata ke anusAra anya dravyoM kI taraha kAla bhI eka. svataMtra dravya hai| prathama abhimata ke anusAra samaya, muhUrta, dina, rAta Adi jo bhI kAla ke vibhAjana haiM, ve sabhI paryAya vizeSa ke saMketa haiN| dvitIya abhimata ke anusAra jisa prakAra jIva aura pudgala kI gati-sthiti meM dharmAstikAya-adharmAstikAya nimitta kAraNa haiM, usI prakAra jIva aura ajIva ke paryAya pariNamana meM kAla nimitta kAraNa hai| ataH yaha svataMtra dravya hai| uparyukta donoM kathana virodhI nahIM apitu sApekSa haiN| nizcaya dRSTi se kAla jIva-ajIva kI paryAya hai aura vyavahAra dRSTi se vaha dravya hai| use dravya mAnane kA kAraNa usakI upayogitA hai| 'upakArakaM dravyam' ke anusAra jo upakArI hai, vaha dravya hai| vartanA, pariNAma, kriyA, paratva, aparatva-ye kAla ke upakAra haiM ataH kAla ko bhI dravya ke rUpa meM mAnA gayA hai| kAla kA svarUpa dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura guNa kI dRSTi se kAla ke svarUpa .. ko isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai dravya kI dRSTi se yaha ananta hai| - kSetra kI dRSTi se-yaha DhAI dvIpa parimANa hai|

Page #31
22 kAla kI dRSTi se yaha anAdi-ananta hai| bhAva kI dRSTi se yaha amUrta hai| guNa kI dRSTi se-vartanA guNa hai| 5. pudgalAstikAya vijJAna meM jise maiTara (matter) kahA gayA hai, jaina darzana meM use pudgala kI saMjJA dI gaI hai| pudgala ko paribhASita karate hue likhA gayA hai-'pUraNagalanadharmatvAt iti pudglH'| pudgala zabda meM do pada haiM-pud aura gl| pud kA artha hai-milanA aura gala kA artha hai-galanA, ttuuttnaa| jo dravya pratipala-pratikSaNa milatA-galatA rahe, banatA-bigar3atA rahe, TUTatA-jur3atA rahe, vahI pudgala hai| pudgala kI dUsarI paribhASA hai-'sparzarasagandhavarNavAn pudgalaH' arthAt sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa se yukta dravya pudgala hai| isa prakAra pudgala eka aisA dravya hai, jo khaNDita bhI hotA hai aura punaH paraspara sambaddha bhI hotA hai| pudgala kI sabase bar3I pahacAna yaha hai ki use chuA jA sakatA hai, cakhA jA sakatA hai, sUMghA jA sakatA hai aura dekhA jA sakatA hai| sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNayukta hone ke kAraNa ekamAtra pudgala dravya rUpI hai, mUrta hai| saMsAra meM jitanI bhI vastue~ dikhalAI detI haiM, ve saba pudgala haiN| pudgala dravya cAra prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai-1. skandha, 2. deza, 3. pradeza, 4. prmaannu| 1. skandha-skandha eka ikAI hai| do se lekara ananta paramANuoM ke samUha ko skandha kahate haiN| do paramANuoM ke milane se dvipradezI skandha banatA hai| dasa paramANuoM ke milane se dasapradezI skandha banatA hai| saMkhyeya paramANuoM ke milane se saMkhyeya pradezI, asaMkhyeya paramANuoM ke milane se asaMkhyeya pradezI tathA ananta paramANuoM ke milane se anantapradezI skandha banate haiN| anantAnanta

Page #32
23 pradezI skandha hI hamArI dRSTi ke viSaya banate haiN| saMkhyeya-asaMkhyeya pradezI skandha sUkSma hone ke kAraNa hamArI dRSTi ke viSaya nahIM banate 2. deza-skandha kA buddhi kalpita eka vibhAga deza kahalAtA hai| jaba hama kalpanA karate haiM ki yaha isa pensila kA AdhA bhAga hai yA yaha isa pustaka kA eka pRSTha hai, taba vaha usa samagra skandha rUpa pensila yA pustaka kA eka deza kahalAtA hai| deza skandha se pRthak nahIM hotaa| pRthak hone para vaha deza nahIM rahatA, svataMtra skandha bana jAtA hai| ____ 3. pradeza-paramANu jitane vastu ke bhAga ko pradeza kahate haiN| paramANu aura pradeza kA mApa barAbara hotA hai| paramANu jaba taka skandhagata hai, taba taka vaha pradeza kahalAtA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM skandha kA sUkSmatama bhAga, jaba taka vaha skandha ke sAtha jur3A huA hai, pradeza kahalAtA hai| para vahI sUkSmatama bhAga jaba skandha se alaga ho jAtA hai, taba use paramANu kahA jAtA hai| udAharaNataH eka vastra hajAroM-hajAroM taMtuoM se banA eka skandha hai| kalpanA se pratyeka taMtu ko eka pradeza mAna leN| isa prakAra eka vastra meM hajAroM-hajAroM pradeza ho ge| yadi hama usa vastra meM se eka tantu bAhara nikAla leM to vaha tantu phira pradeza nahIM apitu paramANu kahalAegA arthAt jaba taka vaha tantu vastra se jur3A huA hai taba taka pradeza hai aura jaba vastra se alaga ho gayA to paramANu bana gyaa| 4. paramANu-jisakA vibhAga na ho use paramANu kahate haiN| paramANu avibhAjya, achedya, abhedya, adAhya aura agrAhya hai| sUkSmatA ke kAraNa usakA na koI Adi hai, na madhya hai, na anta hai| vaha indriya grAhya bhI nahIM hai| paramANu meM eka gandha, eka varNa, eka rasa aura do sparza hote haiN| pradeza aura paramANu meM kevala skandha se apRthagbhAva aura pRthagbhAva kA antara hai|

Page #33
24 pudgala kA svarUpa dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura guNa kI dRSTi se pudgala ko isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai dravya kI dRSTi se-pudgala ananta haiN| kSetra kI dRSTi se-pudgala sampUrNa loka meM vyApta haiN| kAla kI dRSTi se-pudgala anAdi-ananta haiN| bhAva kI dRSTi se-pudgala mUrta haiN| guNa kI dRSTi se-pudgala galana-milana svabhAva vAle haiN| 6. jIvAstikAya jisameM cetanA hotI hai, use jIva kahate haiN| jIvAstikAya se tAtparya sampUrNa jIvoM ke samUha se hai| dravya-saMgraha meM jIva ke svarUpa ko batalAte hue kahA gayA hai-jIva (AtmA) upayogamaya hai, amUrta hai, kartA hai, deha parimANa hai, bhoktA hai, saMsAra meM sthita hai, siddha hai aura svabhAva se Urdhvagamana karane vAlA hai| jIva kA svarUpa dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva aura guNa kI dRSTi se jIva kA svarUpa isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai 'dravya kI dRSTi se-jIva ananta haiN| kSetra kI dRSTi se-jIva sampUrNa loka meM vyApta haiN| kAla kI dRSTi se-jIva anAdi-ananta haiN| bhAva kI dRSTi se-jIva amUrta, abhautika, caitanyayukta hai| guNa kI dRSTi se-jIva caitanya svarUpa, jJAna-darzana yukta hai| dravya se jIva ananta haiN| isakA tAtparya hai ki ve dharmAstikAya Adi kI taraha asaMkhyeya pradezAtmaka eka hI avibhAjya piNDa nahIM

Page #34
haiN| asaMkhyeya pradezAtmaka ananta jIva haiN| kSetra se loka pramANa kahane kA tAtparya eka hI jIva sampUrNa loka meM vyApta hai, aisA nahIM hai apitu isakA Azaya yaha hai ki loka meM aisA koI bhI sthAna nahIM hai, jahA~ jIva na ho| AtmA kabhI utpanna nahIM huI ataH anAdi-ananta hai| vaha amUrta hai| usakA vizeSa guNa caitanya hai| caitanya guNa ke dvArA AtmA ko jAnA jAtA hai| isa prakAra dravya chaH hI mAne gae haiM, kyoMki inake ye vizeSa guNa eka-dUsare se nahIM milte| jo guNa dUsare dravyoM meM bhI pAe jAte haiM, unake AdhAra para unheM svataMtra dravya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isalie dravya chaH hI haiN| pratyeka dravya kI paryAya ananta hotI haiN| 4. paramANu jaina darzana meM chaH dravyoM ke antargata paramANu kI svatantra dravya ke rUpa meM gaNanA nahIM kI gaI hai| use pudgala kA aMza mAnA gayA hai| paramANu pudgala kI sUkSmatama ikAI hai| . paramANu kI paribhASA parama+aNu-paramANu kA tAtparya hai-vastu kA antima avibhAjya aNsh| paramANu ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA-avibhAjyaH paramANu, jisakA kabhI vibhAga na ho, jo kabhI TUTa na sake, usa sUkSmatama pudgala ko paramANu kahA jAtA hai| paramANu kI vistRta paribhASA dete hue likhA gayAkAraNameva tadantyaM, sUkSmo nityazca bhavati prmaannuH| ekarasagandhavarNo, dvisparzaH kaaryliNgrNc|| jo kisI bhI paudgalika padArtha kA antima kAraNa hai, sUkSma hai, nitya hai, eka rasa, eka gaMdha, eka varNa tathA do sparzayukta hai aura jisakA astitva dRzyamAna kAryoM se jAnA jAtA hai, vaha paramANu hai|

Page #35
* antima kAraNa-paramANu ko paudgalika padArthoM kA antima kAraNa mAnA gayA hai| antima kAraNa vaha hotA hai, jisake binA kArya hotA hI nahIM hai| choTe-bar3e sabhI skandha paramANuoM ke milane se hI banate haiN| parantu paramANu kisI se nahIM banatA ataH vaha antima kAraNa hai| * sUkSma-paramANu sarvAdhika sUkSma hai| isase sUkSma kucha bhI nahIM hai| ataH yaha achedya, abhedya, agrAhya, adAhya aura nirvibhAgI pudgala khaNDa hai| aise sUkSma paramANu ko havA ur3A nahIM sakatI, pAnI bahA nahIM sakatA aura agni jalA nahIM sktii| * nitya-paramANu nitya hai| vaha sadA paramANu thA, paramANu hai aura paramANu rhegaa| . * rasa, gaMdha, varNa aura sparza-paramANu meM eka rasa, eka gandha, eka varNa aura do sparza hote haiN| ___* kAryaliMga-paramANu ke astitva kA anumAna usake kArya se kiyA jA sakatA hai| paramANu ko indriyoM ke dvArA nahIM jAnA jA sktaa| paramANu kA svarUpa dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI dRSTi se paramANu ko isa prakAra samajhA jA sakatA hai dravya kI dRSTi se-paramANu pudgalAstikAya dravya hai| isameM guNa aura paryAya donoM hote haiN| saMkhyA kI dRSTi se paramANu ananta kSetra kI dRSTi se-kSetra kI dRSTi se eka paramANu AkAza ke eka pradeza kA avagAhana karatA hai, eka se adhika pradezoM kA avagAhana nahIM kara sktaa|

Page #36
27 kAla kI dRSTi se-kAla kI dRSTi se paramANu kA astitva anAdi kAla se thA aura ananta kAla taka usakA astitva rhegaa| __bhAva kI dRSTi se-bhAva yA guNa kI dRSTi se paramANu meM kevala eka varNa, eka gaMdha, eka rasa aura do sparza hote haiN| parantu varNa Adi kI mAtrA yA guNa (unit) kI taratamatA ke kAraNa usake ananta prakAra ho jAte haiN| - paramANu indriyagamya nahIM-paramANu mUrta hote hue bhI indriyagrAhya nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha sUkSma hai| paramANu itanA sUkSma hai ki isakA Adi, madhya aura anta vaha svayaM hI hai| ise indriyoM ke dvArA jAnA nahIM jA sktaa| kevalajJAna yA atIndriya jJAna ke dvArA hI ise jAnA jA sakatA hai| paramANu kI gatikriyA paramANu jar3a hotA huA bhI gatidharmA hai| yadi bAhara kA koI prabhAva na ho to paramANu kI gati sadA anuzreNI arthAt sIdhI rekhA meM hotI hai aura yadi bAhya prabhAva ho to paramANu kI gati aura dizA meM antara A sakatA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra paramANu kI gati nyUnatama eka samaya meM eka AkAza pradeza se dUsare AkAza pradeza para aura adhikatama loka ke eka anta se dUsare anta taka eka samaya meM ho sakatI hai| - atyanta tIvra vegamaya gati meM paramANu madhyavartI AkAza kA sparza kiye binA hI gati karatA hai| isa gati ko jaina darzana meM aspRzad gati kahA gayA hai| kvAMTama bhautikI meM ilekTrona se eka kakSA se dUsarI kakSA meM chalAMga lagAne (jump) kI jo avadhAraNA hai, vaha isa aspRzad gati se kAphI samAnatA rakhatI hai| kvAMTama chalAMga meM jaba paramANu UrjA grahaNa karate haiM to unake ilekTrona bAhya kakSAoM meM se kisI eka meM uchala kara cale jAte haiM tathA phira

Page #37
28 lauTate haiM, para ve kabhI kisI kakSA ke madhya dikhAI nahIM dete| madhyavartI AkAza se binA gujare hI ve eka kakSA se dUsarI kakSA meM chalAMga lagAte hue pratIta hote haiN| aspRzad gati kA tAtparya bhI yahI hai ki madhyavartI sthAna ko chue binA hI svasthAna se lakSita sthAna meM pahuMca jaanaa| jaina paramANu aura vijJAna kA paramANu jaina darzana ke anusAra paramANu kA vibhAjana nahIM hotaa| vijJAna bhI aNu (Atom) ko mAnatA hai| vijJAna ke anusAra aNu kA vibhAjana hotA hai| yaha proTona aura ilekTrona meM vibhakta hotA hai| isa prakAra vijJAna kI mAnyatA ke anusAra 'eTama' ke Tukar3e kiye jA sakate haiM aura eTama se hI sabhI padArtha banate haiN| yahI sabhI padArthoM kA aMtima kAraNa hai| jaina Agama anuyogadvAra meM do prakAra ke paramANu kA ullekha milatA hai 1. sUkSma paramANu, 2. vyAvahArika paramANu / sUkSma paramANu jaina darzana kA mUla paramANu hai, jo ki avibhAjya hai| kintu vyAvahArika paramANu ananta sUkSmatama paramANuoM ke samudAya se banatA hai| vaha paramANu piNDa hai kintu vaha bhI itanA sUkSma hai ki use sAdhAraNa dRSTi se dekhA nahIM jA sakatA aura sAdhAraNa astra-zastra se tor3A bhI nahIM jA sakatA isalie vyavahArataH use paramANu kahA gayA hai| vijJAna jise paramANu mAnatA hai, usakI tulanA jaina darzana ke vyAvahArika paramANu se hotI hai| isalie paramANu ke TUTane kI bAta eka sImA taka jaina dRSTi ko bhI svIkAra hai| sUkSma paramANu niravayava hone se use tor3A nahIM jA sakatA / kintu vyAvahArika paramANu sAvayava hai ataH use tor3anA saMbhava hai| isa prakAra

Page #38
jaina darzana kA mUla paramANu avibhAjya hai jabaki vijJAna kA eTama vibhAjya hai| paramANu milana ke niyama jaina darzana ke anusAra paramANuoM ke milane se skandha banatA hai| paramANuoM ke milane kA mUlabhUta kAraNa unameM pAyA jAne vAlA snigdha aura rukSa guNa hai| snigdha aura rukSa ko vaijJAnika bhASA meM pojeTiva aura nigeTiva vidyuta kahA jAtA hai| prazna hotA hai ki snigdha paramANuoM kA snigdha paramANuoM ke sAtha milana hotA hai yA rukSa paramANuoM kA rukSa paramANuoM ke sAtha milana hotA hai| jaina darzana meM paramANu milana ke aneka vikalpa milate haiN| yathA-snigdha kA snigdha ke sAtha, rukSa kA rukSa ke sAtha, snigdha kA rukSa ke sAtha, rukSa kA snigdha ke sAtha milana ho sakatA hai| para yaha milana usI sthiti meM hotA hai jabaki paramANu ke guNa ajaghanya guNa vAle hoN| jaghanya guNa vAloM ke sAtha milana nahIM hotaa| jaghanya se tAtparya eka guNa se hai tathA ajaghanya se tAtparya eka se adhika guNa se hai| eka guNa vAle paramANuoM kA eka guNa vAle paramANuoM ke sAtha saMbaMdha nahIM hotaa| isakA phalitArtha yaha hai ki snigdha paramANu rukSa paramANu ke sAtha yA rukSa paramANu snigdha paramANu ke sAtha mileM taba ve donoM hI kama se kama dviguNa snigdha aura dviguNa rukSa hone caahie| yadi inameM eka ora bhI kamI ho to unakA saMbaMdha nahIM ho sktaa| yaha vijAtIya arthAt snigdha aura rukSa paramANuoM ke ekIbhAva kI prakriyA hai| sajAtIya paramANuoM kA ekIbhAva do guNa adhika yA usase adhika guNa vAle paramANuoM ke sAtha hotA hai| snigdha paramANuoM kA snigdha paramANuoM ke sAtha evaM rukSa paramANuoM kA rukSa paramANuoM ke sAtha sambandha taba hotA hai, jaba unameM do guNa yA unase adhika guNoM kA antara mile| udAharaNa svarUpa do guNa snigdha paramANu kA cAra yA cAra se adhika guNa snigdha paramANuoM

Page #39
30 ke sAtha sambandha hotA hai kintu samAna guNa vAle yA eka guNa adhika paramANu ke sAtha sambandha nahIM hotA / isa prakAra jaina darzana meM paramANu kA sUkSma vivecana kiyA gayA hai| vijJAna jise paramANu mAnatA hai, jaina darzana ke anusAra vaha ananta paramANuoM kA samUha hone ke kAraNa use vAstavika paramANu nahIM, apitu vyAvahArika paramANu kahA jA sakatA hai| 5. lokavAda vizva, jagat, sRSTi athavA saMsAra ke lie jaina paramparA meM sAmAnya rUpa se loka zabda kA vyavahAra huA hai| yaha virAT vizva jo hameM dRSTigocara ho rahA hai, vaha kyA hai? isakA prArambha kaba huA ? isakA anta kaba hogA? isakA AkAra kaisA hai? Adi aneka prazna mAnava mastiSka meM ubharate rahate haiN| ina praznoM kA samAdhAna vibhinna vicArakoM ne vibhinna prakAra se kiyA hai| Adhunika vijJAna bhI ina tathyoM kI khoja meM anavarata prayatnazIla hai| - loka kyA hai? loka zabda pAribhASika zabda hai, jo vyavahAra meM pracalita vizva (Cosmos athavA Universe) kA vAcya hai| yaha loka kyA hai ? isakA uttara do rUpoM meM milatA hai| kahIM para paMcAstikAya ko loka kahA gayA hai to kahIM para SaDdravya ko loka mAnA gayA hai| bhagavatIsUtra meM batAyA gayA hai- loka paMcAstikAyarUpa - dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya, pudgalAstikAya aura jIvAstikAya rUpa hai| anya granthoM meM SaDdravyAtmako lokaH kahakara ina pAMca astikAyoM ke sAtha chaThA kAla ko mAnakara loka ko SaDdravyAtmaka kahA gayA hai| 1. dharmAstikAya - jIva aura pudgala kI gati meM udAsIna bhAva se sahAyaka dravya /

Page #40
31 2. adharmAstikAya-jIva aura pudgala kI sthiti meM udAsIna bhAva se sahAyaka drvy| 3. AkAzAstikAya-sabhI dravyoM ko Azraya dene vAlA drvy| 4. kAla-dravyoM ke pariNamana meM sahAyaka drvy| 5. pudgalAstikAya-sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa se yukta drvy| 6. jIvAstikAya-caitanya se yukta drvy| . inakA vistRta vivecana SaDdravya ke antargata kiyA jA cukA hai| isa prakAra loka vaha hai, jahA~ para chahoM dravya kI sahasthiti-sahAvasthAna hai| isake viparIta aloka vaha hai, jahA~ chahoM dravyaM nahIM, kevala AkAza dravya hai| aloka asIma hai aura loka sasIma hai| sasIma hote hue bhI loka bahuta vistRta hai, tathApi aloka kI apekSA bahuta choTA hai| dRSTAnta kI bhASA meM aloka eka kapar3e kA thAna hai to loka usake eka chidra ke samAna hai| . loka-aloka kA vibhAjaka tattva loka aura aloka kA svarUpa samajhane ke bAda prazna hotA hai loka aura aloka kA vibhAjaka tattva kyA hai? loka aura aloka kA vibhAjana zAzvata hai, ataH isakA vibhAjaka tattva bhI zAzvata honA caahie| ina chaha dravyoM ke atirikta aura koI zAzvata padArtha. nahIM hai isalie inhIM meM se koI vibhAjaka tattva honA caahie| AkAza vibhAjaka tattva nahIM bana sakatA, kyoMki vaha svayaM vibhajyamAna hai| kAla tattva bhI vibhAjana kA hetu nahIM bana sakatA kyoMki vyAvahArika kAla manuSya-loka ke sivAya anya lokoM meM nahIM hotA aura naizcayika kAla loka-aloka donoM meM milatA hai, kyoMki vaha jIva aura ajIva kI paryAya mAtra hai| kAla vAstavika dravya bhI nahIM hai| jIva aura pudgala gatizIla aura madhyama parimANa vAle tattva haiM jabaki loka-aloka kI sImA-nirdhAraNa ke lie koI sthira loka aura azAzvata hai, ataH atirikta au

Page #41
aura vyApaka tattva honA cAhie, ataH ye bhI vibhAjaka tattva nahIM bana skte| aba do dravya zeSa raha jAte haiM-dharmAstikAya aura adhrmaastikaay| ye donoM sthira aura vyApaka haiN| ye hI akhaMDa AkAza ko do bhAgoM meM bAMTate haiN| ye do dravya jisa AkAza khaNDa meM vyApta haiM, vaha loka hai aura zeSa AkAza alok| ataH dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya loka aura aloka ke vibhAjaka tattva haiN| jahA~ taka ye tattva haiM, vaha loka aura jahA~ khAlI AkAza hai, vaha aloka hai| aloka meM ina donoM tattvoM kA abhAva hone se vahAM jIva aura pudgala kI gati-sthiti nahIM hotii| loka ke prakAra yaha loka tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta hai1. Urdhvaloka, 2. madhyaloka (tiryak loka), 3. adholok| 1. Urdhvaloka jahA~ para hama loga rahate haiM, usase nau sau yojana Upara kA bhAga Urdhvaloka kahalAtA hai| Urdhvaloka meM mukhya rUpa se devoM kA nivAsa hai| isIlie use devaloka, brahmaloka, svargaloka bhI kahate haiN| antima devaloka kA nAma sarvArthasiddha hai| usase bAraha yojana Upara siddha-zilA hai, jahA~ mukta jIva rahate haiN| isa sthAna ke bAda loka kA aMta ho jAtA hai tathA kevala AkAza arthAt aloka raha jAtA hai| 2. madhyaloka madhyaloka 1800 yojana pramANa hai| isa loka meM asaMkhyAta dvIpa aura samudra paraspara eka-dUsare ko ghere hue haiN| itane vizAla kSetra meM kevala ar3hAI-dvIpa meM hI manuSya kA nivAsa mAnA gayA hai| jambUdvIpa,

Page #42
33 dhAtakI khaNDa aura ardhapuSkara ye r3hAI-dvIpa haiN| yadyapi madhyaloka kA kSetra vizAla hai kintu Urdhvaloka aura adholoka kI tulanA meM isakA kSetraphala zUnya ke barAbara hai| 3. adholoka isa samatala bhUmi ke nIce nau sau yojana kI gaharAI ke bAda adholoka kA prArambha hotA hai| isakA AkAra audhe kiye hue sakore ke samAna hai| isameM nIce-nIce kramazaH sAta pRthviyAM haiM, jo sAta nArakoM ke nAma se jAnI jAtI haiN| vahA~ nAraka ke jIva nivAsa karate haiN| nArakoM ke nivAsa ko naraka bhUmi kahate haiN| ye sAta naraka bhUmiyA~ samazreNI meM na hokara eka-dUsare ke nIce haiN| inakI lambAI-caur3AI bhI samAna nahIM hai| pahalI naraka bhUmi se dUsarI naraka bhUmi kI lambAI-caur3AI adhika hai| dUsarI se tIsarI kI, isa prakAra uttarottara lambAI-caur3AI adhika hotI gaI hai| ye sAtoM naraka bhUmiyAM eka-dUsare ke nIce haiM, parantu bilkula saTI huI nahIM haiN| inake bIca meM bahuta antara hai| naraka ke jIvoM ko janma se lekara mRtyu paryanta bhayaMkara vedanA hotI hai| pala bhara bhI unheM caina nahIM miltaa| loka kA parimANa jaina darzana ke anusAra loka caudaha rajju parimANa hai| Urdhvaloka sAta rajju se kucha adhika kA hai| adholoka sAta rajju se kucha kama hai| madhya loka aThAraha sau yojana kA hai| ina tInoM ko milAkara caudaha rajju hotA hai| yaha caudaha rajju kA loka sAtaveM naraka-tamastamA ke nIce se prArambha hokara siddhazilA ke antima chora taka hai| rajju kA artha rassI hotA hai, para yaha koI choTI-moTI rassI nahIM apitu eka mApa hai| asaMkhya dvIpa aura asaMkhya samudra samA jAe~ utanA bar3A eka rajju hotA hai|

Page #43
34. loka kA AkAra loka nIce vistRta hai, madhya meM saMkarA hai aura Upara-Upara mRdaMgAkAra hai| loka trizarAvasaMpuTa AkAra vAlA hai| tIna sikoroM meM se prathama sikore ko jamIna para ulTA, dUsare ko usa para sIdhA aura tIsare sikore ko usa para punaH ulTA rakhane se jo AkAra banatA hai, vahI loka kA AkAra hai| jaina zAstroM meM ise trizarAvasaMpuTAkAra yA supratiSThika saMsthAna kahA gayA hai| nimna citra ke mAdhyama se hama loka ke AkAra ko samajha sakate haiM / - Urdhvaloka - madhyaloka - adholoka ___pAMva phailAkara aura kamara para donoM hAtha rakhakara khar3e hue puruSa ke AkAra kI upamA bhI loka ke AkAra ke lie dI jAtI hai| loka kI sthiti prazna hotA hai yaha dRzyamAna jagat kisa para ThaharA huA hai| purANoM meM zeSanAga, kacchapa Adi para yaha vizva avasthita hai, aisI vibhinna avadhAraNAe~ haiN| bhagavatIsatra ke anusAra gautama ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se prazna pUchA-bhaMte! loka kI sthiti kitane prakAra kI hai? bhagavAna ne kahA-loka-sthiti ke ATha prakAra haiM

Page #44
1. vAyu AkAza para sthita hai| 2. samudra vAyu para avasthita hai| 3. pRthvI samudra para sthita hai| 4. trasa-sthAvara jIva pRthvI para sthita haiN| 5. ajIva jIva para pratiSThita haiN| 6. jIva karma se pratiSThita hai| 7. ajIva jIva ke dvArA saMgRhIta haiN| 8. jIva karma ke dvArA saMgRhIta haiN| AkAza kisI para pratiSThita nahIM, vaha svapratiSThita hai| bhagavatI sUtra ke uparyukta vivecana kA sArAMza yahI hai ki trasa-sthAvara Adi prANiyoM kA AdhAra pRthvI hai, pRthvI kA AdhAra udadhi (samudra) hai, udadhi kA AdhAra vAyu hai, vAyu kA AdhAra AkAza hai aura AkAza svapratiSThita hai| prazna ho sakatA hai ki vAyu para samudra aura samudra para pRthvI kaise Thahara sakatI hai? isa prazna kA spaSTIkaraNa karate hue kahA gayA hai-koI puruSa vaijJAnika DhaMga kI banI thailI ko havA bharakara phulA deN| phira usake mu~ha ko phIte se majabUta gAMTha dekara bAMdha deM tathA isa thailI ke bIca ke bhAga ko bhI bAMdha deN| aisA karane se thailI meM bharI huI havA ke do bhAga ho jAe~ge, jisase thailI DugaDugI jaisI lgegii| usake bAda thailI kA muMha kholakara Upara ke bhAga meM bharI havA ko nikAla deM aura usakI jagaha pAnI bharakara phira thailI kA muMha banda kara deN| isake bAda bIca kA baMdhana khola deN| aisA karane para jo pAnI thailI ke Upara ke bhAga meM bharA gayA hai, vaha Upara ke bhAga meM hI rahegA aura nIce ke bhAga meM jo vAyu hai, pAnI usake Upara hI ThaharegA, nIce nahIM jA sakatA, kyoMki Upara ke bhAga meM jo pAnI hai, usakA AdhAra thailI ke nIce ke bhAga kI vAyu hai|

Page #45
36 jaise thailI meM havA ke AdhAra para pAnI ThaharA huA hai, vaise hI vAyu ke AdhAra para udadhi aura udadhi ke AdhAra para pRthvI pratiSThita hai| . isa prakAra jaina darzana ke anusAra loka SaD dravyAtmaka hai| loka-aloka kA vibhAjaka tattva dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya hai| yaha loka caudaha rajju parimANa tathA trizarAvasaMpuTAkAra vAlA hai| praznAvalI prazna-1. nimnalikhita praznoM ke uttara vistAra se likheM 1. jaina darzana ke anusAra sat ke svarUpa kA vivecana kreN| 2. dravya-guNa-paryAya ke svarUpa ko batAte hue unake bhedAbheda kA vivecana kreN| . 3. jaina darzana ke anusAra SaD dravya ko samajhAte hue usake mahattva para prakAza ddaaleN| 4. astikAya ko paribhASita karate hue paMcAstikAya kA vivecana kreN| 5. jaina darzana ke anusAra paramANu kI avadhAraNA para prakAza ddaaleN| . 6. jaina darzana meM pratipAdita loka ke svarUpa ko vistAra se smjhaaeN| prazna-2. nimnalikhita praznoM ke uttara 100 zabdoM meM deM 1. dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya ko spaSTa kreN| 2. pudgalAstikAya kA vivecana kreN| 3. paryAya kise kahate haiM, usake prakAroM kA vivecana kreN| 4. dravya-guNa-paryAya ke bhedAbheda ko smjhaaeN| 5. loka ke AkAra para prakAza ddaaleN| 6. loka kI sthiti ko smjhaaeN|

Page #46
37 ikAI-2 tattvamImAMsA jaina darzana dvaitavAdI darzana hai| vaha jIva aura ajIva-ina do tattvoM ke svatantra astitva ko svIkAra karatA hai| jIva ke lie jaina darzana meM AtmA zabda kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| siddha aura saMsArI ke bheda se AtmA ke mukhya do prakAra haiN| AtmA amUrta hone ke kAraNa indriya gamya nahIM hai| phira bhI usake astitva ko siddha karane ke lie aneka tarka diye jAte haiN| AtmA zarIra parimANa hai| apane karmoM ke AdhAra para jaisA choTA-bar3A zarIra AtmA ko milatA hai, vaha usI meM nivAsa karatA hai| AtmA aura zarIra kA yaha saMbaMdha anAdi kAla se calA A rahA hai| jaba taka yaha saMbaMdha hai taba taka punarjanma kI paramparA cAlU rahatI hai| samasta karmoM kA kSaya hone para AtmA zarIra ke baMdhana se mukta ho jAtI hai| prastuta ikAI meM AtmA kA svarUpa, AtmA ke bheda-prabheda, AtmA kI siddhi, AtmA kA parimANa, AtmA-zarIra saMbaMdha, punarjanma Adi viSayoM kA vivecana kiyA jA rahA 1. AtmA kA svarUpa Atma tattva bhAratIya dArzanikoM ke cintana kA kendra bindu rahA hai| AtmA ke astitva, usake svarUpa Adi ke viSaya meM bhAratIya manISiyoM ne prabhUta cintana kiyA hai| pAzcAtya darzana meM bhI AtmA para vimarza huA hai| AtmA kI avadhAraNA jaina darzana meM pramukha evaM maulika hai| AtmA ke lie jaina darzana meM aneka nAma prayukta hue haiM, unameM se jIva bhI eka hai| yadyapi jo janma-maraNa kare, vaha jIva kahalAtA hai aura AtmA zabda se mukta AtmA kA bodha hotA hai| lekina jaina darzana meM jIva aura AtmA eka hI tattva ke do nAma haiM, inameM koI bheda nahIM hai| sampUrNa jaina AcAra mImAMsA AtmavAda kI avadhAraNA para avalambita hai ata: Atma tattva ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai|

Page #47
38 AtmA eka dravya hai jo tattva cetana svarUpa hai, jJAnavAna hai, sabhI ko jAnatA- T-dekhatA hai aura sukha-duHkha kA anubhava karatA hai, use jIva yA AtmA kahate haiN| jaina darzana meM AtmA ko amUrta, avinAzI aura asaMkhyAta ( akhaNDa) pradezI dravya mAnA gayA hai| dravya ke do lakSaNa haiM, pahalA-jo utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya yukta ho, vaha sat (dravya) hai| dUsarA- jo guNa- paryAya se yukta ho, vaha dravya hai| AtmA eka dravya hai ataH dravya ke ye donoM lakSaNa AtmA meM pAe jAte haiN| AtmA ke pUrva paryAya kA vinAza (vyaya) hotA hai aura uttara paryAya kI utpatti hotI hai kintu dravya dRSTi se jo pUrva-paryAya meM thA, vahI uttara - paryAya meM rahatA hai ataH dravya kA pahalA lakSaNa utpAda vyaya aura dhrauvya AtmA meM pAyA jAtA hai| dravya kA dUsarA lakSaNa - dravya, guNa aura paryAya yukta hotA hai - yaha bhI AtmA meM pAyA jAtA hai| jJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya, cetanatva, amUrttatva- ye AtmA ke vizeSa guNa haiM tathA astitva, vastutva, dravyatva Adi AtmA ke sAmAnya guNa haiN| AtmA meM svabhAva aura vibhAva donoM prakAra kI paryAya pAyI jAtI haiN| ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta sukha, ananta vIrya ko AtmA kI svabhAva paryAya kahA gayA hai tathA manuSya, tiryaMca, nAraka aura deva gatiyoM meM Atma-pradezoM kA zarIra ke AkAra meM pariNamana hone ko AtmA kI vibhAva paryAya kahA gayA hai| AtmA kA svarUpa jaina darzana AtmavAdI darzana hai| usane AtmA ke astitva ke sAtha-sAtha usake svarUpa kA bhI pratipAdana kiyA hai| jaina darzana meM zuddhAtmA (mukta AtmA) aura azuddhAtmA (saMsArI AtmA) kI dRSTi se AtmA ke do bheda kiye gae haiN| jo sabhI karmoM se mukta hokara svasvarUpa meM pratiSThita hai, vaha zuddhAtmA hai aura jo karmoM se yukta hone ke kAraNa saMsAra meM anAdi kAla se paribhramaNa kara rahI hai, vaha azuddhAtmA hai|

Page #48
39 jaina AcAryoM ne AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA vivecana bhAvAtmaka aura niSedhAtmaka donoM dRSTiyoM se kiyA hai| bhAvAtmaka paddhati meM unhoMne batalAyA ki AtmA kyA hai aura niSedhAtmaka paddhati meM unhoMne batalAyA ki AtmA kyA nahIM hai| zuddhAtma-svarUpa ko batAte hue AcArya kuMdakuMda ne kahA-AtmA nirgrantha, vItarAga, niHzalya aura krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha se rahita hai| vaha upayoga svarUpa, amUrta, anAdi-nidhana, sat-cita-Ananda svarUpa hai| vaha ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta Ananda, ananta vIrya yukta hai| usa zuddha AtmA kA zabdoM ke dvArA pratipAdana nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| tarka aura buddhi ke dvArA use grahaNa nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| usakA na koI rUpa hai aura na koI raMga, na koI gaMdha hai aura na koI sprsh| varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza pudgala ke lakSaNa haiN| AtmA pudgala nahIM hai| prazna hotA hai Akhira AtmA hai kyA? usakA svarUpa kyA hai? usakA kArya kyA hai? isa sandarbha meM usakI vidhAyaka paribhASA dete hue kahA gayA-zuddhAtmA kevala jJAtA hai| vaha sarvataH caitanyamaya hai| use batAne ke lie koI upamA nahIM hai| vaha arUpI sattA hai| usakA bodha karAne vAlA koI pada nahIM hai| vaha ajJeya, adRzya aura . nirupameya hai| dravya-saMgraha meM AtmA ke svarUpa ko spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA jIvo uvaogamao amatti kattA sdehprimaanno| bhottA saMsArattho siddho sovissa soddddhgii|| AtmA upayogamaya hai, amUrta hai, kartA hai, deha-parimANI hai, bhoktA hai, saMsAra meM sthita hai, siddha hai aura svabhAva se Urdhvagamana karane vAlA hai| ..---

Page #49
40 . 1. upayogamaya svarUpa-AtmA kA svarUpa upayoga hai| jJAna aura darzana upayoga kahalAtA hai| AtmA jisake dvArA jAnatA hai, use jJAna upayoga tathA jisake dvArA dekhatA hai, use darzana upayoga kahA jAtA hai| jJAna kA artha vizeSa bodha aura darzana kA artha sAmAnya bodha hai| matijJAna, zrutajJAna, avadhijJAna, manaHparyavajJAna aura kevalajJAna-ye jJAnopayoga haiN| cakSudarzana, acakSudarzana, avadhidarzana aura kevaladarzana-ye cAra darzanopayoga haiN| ekendriya jIvoM se lekara siddhoM taka meM yaha jJAna aura darzana kama yA adhika rUpa meM pAyA jAtA hai| jJAna-darzana kA pUrNa vikAsa kevalajJAnI aura siddhoM meM hotA hai| 2. amUrta svarUpa-jaina darzana meM AtmA ko amUrta mAnA gayA hai| AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kI dRSTi se usameM pudgala ke guNa sparza, rUMpa, rasa, gaMdha Adi nahIM hote, isalie vaha amUrta haiN| kintu saMsArI AtmA karmoM se baddha hone ke kAraNa usameM rUpa, rasa, gaMdha Adi pAe jAte haiM, jisase use kathaMcit mUrta bhI mAnA jAtA hai, para yaha mUrtatva cetanA kA vibhAva hai, svabhAva nhiiN| ataH AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa amUrta hai| 3. kartA svarUpa-AtmA zarIra se yukta hai taba taka vaha zubhAzubha karmoM kI kartA hai| para vAstava meM zuddha AtmA jar3a karmoM kI kartA nahIM apitu caitasika bhAvoM kI kartA hai| . 4. dehaparimANatva svarUpa-nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se AtmA kA zarIra aura AkAra nahIM hotA kintu saMsArI AtmA binA zarIra ke nahIM raha sktii| jaina darzana ke anusAra AtmA dehaparimANa hai| use apane karmoM ke anusAra jaisA choTA-bar3A zarIra milatA hai, vaha usI meM vyApta ho jAtA hai| cIMTI jaisA choTA zarIra milane para Atma-pradeza saMkucita aura hAthI jaisA moTA zarIra milane para ve vistRta ho jAte haiN| ataH saMsArI AtmA saMkoca-vikoca kI zakti ke kAraNa deha-parimANa haiN|

Page #50
41 5. bhoktA svarUpa- AtmA karmoM kI karttA hai ataH vaha apane kie karmoM kI bhoktA bhI hai| vyavahAra me saMsArI AtmA sukha-duHkha rUpa pudgala karmoM kI bhoktA hai aura nizcaya meM vaha apane caitanyAtmaka Ananda svarUpa kI bhoktA hai| 6. saMsArI svarUpa - saMsAra meM anAdikAla se paribhramaNa karane vAlI AtmA karmoM se baddha hone ke kAraNa azuddha hai| vaha puruSArtha ke dvArA karmoM ko naSTa kara zuddha hotI hai| yadi AtmA pahale saMsArI na hotI to usakI mukti ke upAya kI khoja bhI vyartha hotI / 7. siddha svarUpa - jaba taka jIva rAga-dveSAdi viSaya vikAroM se grasita rahatA hai, taba taka vaha saMsArI kahalAtA hai aura jaba sampUrNa karmoM se apane Apako mukta kara letA hai to vaha siddha kahalAtA hai| 8. UrdhvagAmitva svarUpa - AtmA kI svAbhAvika gati Urdhvagati hai| jaise dIpaka kI lau svabhAva se Upara kI ora jAtI hai, vaise hI zuddha dazA meM AtmA bhI Urdhvagamana svabhAva vAlI hai| havA se prakampita dIpaka kI lau jaise Ter3hI-mer3hI ho jAtI hai, vaise hI azuddha AtmA karmoM kI havA se prerita hokara cAroM gatiyoM meM idhara-udhara bhramaNa karatI hai| karmoM se mukta hote hI Urdhvagamana svabhAva ke kAraNa AtmA sIdhe loka ke agrabhAga meM jAkara sthita ho jAtI hai| 9. pariNAmInityatva svarUpa - AtmA pariNAmInitya hai| pariNAmInitya se tAtparya yaha hai ki AtmA na kevala niMtya, na kevala anitya apitu nityAnitya hai arthAt nitya bhI hai, anitya bhI hai| astitva kI dRSTi se AtmA kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA ataH vaha nitya hai kintu usameM pariNamana kA krama kabhI samApta nahIM hotA, hara kSaNa parivartana hotA rahatA hai, ataH vaha anitya hai| isa prakAra jaina darzana meM AtmA kA svarUpa upayogamaya, amUrtta, karttA, bhoktA, dehaparimANa, UrdhvagAmI, pariNAmInitya Adi mAnA gayA hai|

Page #51
- 42 ____2. AtmA ke bheda-prabheda jaina darzana meM AtmA ke bheda-prabheda aneka dRSTiyoM se kiye gae haiN| dravya kI dRSTi se sabhI AtmAe~ ekarUpa haiM, unameM koI bheda-prabheda nahIM hai| AThoM karmoM se mukta hone para muktAvasthA ko prApta siddha AtmAoM meM koI antara nahIM hotaa| paryAya kI dRSTi se AtmAoM meM bhinnatA pAyI jAtI hai| AtmA ke vargIkaraNa kI jitanI vibhinnatA jaina darzana meM pAyI jAtI hai, utanI anya kisI darzana meM nhiiN| jaina darzana meM vividha dRSTiyoM se AtmA ke bheda-prabhedoM kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, jinameM mukhya haiM- . 1. caitanya guNa kI vyaktatA-avyaktatA kI apekSA se bhed| . 2. indriya kI apekSA se bhed| - 3. gati kI apekSA se bhed| . 4. adhyAtma kI apekSA se bhed| caitanya guNa kI apekSA se bheda AtmA kA guNa caitanya hai| yaha caitanya guNa sabhI AtmAoM meM samAna rUpa se vyakta (prakaTa) nahIM rhtaa| caitanya guNa kI vyaktatA aura avyaktatA ke AdhAra para AtmA ke do bheda kiye gae haiM-sthAvara AtmA aura trasa aatmaa| - 1. sthAvara AtmA jisameM gamana karane kI zakti kA abhAva hotA hai, use sthAvara AtmA kahate haiN| jinameM sukha kI pravRtti aura duHkha se nivRtti ke lie salakSya gamanAgamana kI kriyA nahIM hotI ve sthAvara jIva ke antargata Ate haiN| pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu, vanaspati ke jIva sthAvara kahalAte haiN| ye apane sukha-duHkha ke lie pravRtti-nivRtti nahIM kara skte| sthAvara kAya ke jIva nimnalikhita haiM- /

Page #52
. 43 1. pRthvIkAyika-kAya kA artha hai-shriir| pRthvI hai jina jIvoM kA zarIra, ve jIva pRthvIkAyika haiN| miTTI, bAlU, lavaNa, sonA, cAMdI, hIrA, pannA, koyalA Adi pRthvIkAyika jIvoM ke prakAra haiN| . 2. apakAyika-pAnI jina jIvoM kA zarIra hai, ve apkAyika jIva haiN| saba prakAra kA pAnI, ole, kuharA, osa Adi apkAyika jIva haiN| 3. taijasakAyika-jina jIvoM kA zarIra agni hai, ve jIva taijasakAyika jIva kahalAte haiN| aMgArA, jvAlA, ulkA Adi kA samAveza taijasakAyika jIvoM meM hotA hai| ___4. vAyukAyika-jina jIvoM kA zarIra vAyu hai, ve jIva vAyukAyika kahalAte haiN| saMsAra meM jitane prakAra kI vAyu hai, una sabakA samAveza isameM ho jAtA hai| ___5. vanaspatikAyika-jina jIvoM kA zarIra vanaspati hai, ve jIva vanaspatikAyika kahalAte haiN| kaMda, mUla, TamATara, kakar3I, vRkSa Adi kA samAveza isameM hotA hai| 2. trasa AtmA trasa AtmA meM caitanya vyakta hotA hai aura sthAvara AtmA meM avykt| jo jIva sukha pAne ke lie aura duHkha se nivRtta hone ke lie eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para gamanAgamana kara sakate haiM, ve jIva trasa kahalAte haiN| dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturendriya aura paMcendriya jIva trasa jIva ke antargata Ate haiN| utpatti ke AdhAra para sa jIvoM ke ATha prakAra haiM____ 1. aNDaja-ve trasa jIva, jo aNDoM se paidA hote haiM, jaise-pakSI, sarpa aadi| 2. potaja-ve trasa jIva, jo apane janma ke samaya khale aMgoM sahita hote haiM, jaise-hAthI aadi| ... * * *

Page #53
44 3. jarAyuja-ve trasa jIva, jo apane janma ke samaya mAMsa kI jhillI meM lipaTe rahate haiM, jaise-manuSya, gAya, bhaiMsa aadi| 4. rasaja-ve trasa jIva jo dahI Adi rasoM meM utpanna hote haiM, jaise-kRmi aadi| 5. svedaja-ve trasa jIva, jo pasIne se utpanna hote haiM, jaise-jUM, lIkha aadi| 6. sammUrchima-ve trasa jIva, jo nara-mAdA ke saMyoga ke binA hI utpanna hote haiM, jaise-makkhI , cIMTI aadi| 7. udbhija-ve trasa jIva, jo pRthvI ko phor3akara nikalate haiM, jaise-TiDDI , pataMgA aadi| 8. aupapAtika-ve trasa jIva, jo garbha meM rahe binA hI sthAna vizeSa meM paidA hote haiM, jaise-deva, nAraka aadi| indriya kI apekSA se AtmA ke bheda AtmA kA liMga indriya hai| jaina darzana meM sparzana (tvacA), rasana (jIbha), ghrANa (nAka), cakSu (A~kha) aura zrotra (kAna)-ye pAMca indriyAM mAnI gaI haiM, ataH indriyoM kI apekSA se saMsArI AtmA ke pAMca bheda ho jAte haiM 1. ekendriya AtmA-jinameM kevala eka sparzana indriya hotI hai, unheM ekendriya jIva kahate haiN| pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu . aura vanaspati ke bheda se ekendriya jIva pAMca prakAra ke hote haiN| - 2. dvIndriya AtmA-jinameM sparzana aura rasana-ye do indriyA~ hotI haiM, unheM dvIndriya jIva kahate haiN| kRmi, laTa, zaMkha Adi do . indriya vAle jIva haiN| ____3. trIndriya AtmA-jinameM sparzana, rasana aura ghrANa-ye tIna indriyA~ hotI haiM, unheM trIndriya jIva kahate haiN| cIMTI, makor3A, jUM, khaTamala Adi tIna indriya vAle jIva haiN|

Page #54
45 4. caturendriya AtmA-jinameM sparzana, rasana, ghrANa aura cakSu-ye cAra indriyAM hotI haiM, unheM caturendriya jIva kahate haiN| makar3I, macchara, bhauMrA, madhumakkhI Adi cAra indriya vAle jIva haiN| 5. paMcendriya AtmA-jinameM sparzana, rasana, ghANa, cakSu aura zrotra-ye pAMca indriyAM hotI haiM, unheM paMcendriya jIva kahate haiN| pazu, pakSI, nAraka, deva, manuSya Adi paMcendriya jIva haiN| ___ekendriya se lekara paMcendriya taka sabhI saMsArI prANI haiN| inameM vikAsa ke tAratamya kA AdhAra indriya cetanA hai ataH indriyoM ke AdhAra para jIvoM kA yaha vargIkaraNa kiyA gayA hai| . gati kI apekSA se AtmA ke bheda gati kI apekSA se AtmA ke cAra bheda haiN| gati zabda kA artha hai-clnaa| eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para jAnA, para yahAM para gati zabda kA prayoga eka janmasthiti se dUsarI janmasthiti ko prApta karane ke lie hone vAlI jIva kI yAtrA se hai| jaise manuSya avasthA meM sthita jIva kI gati manuSya gati hai aura vahI jIva mRtyu ke bAda tiryaca, nAraka, deva jisa avasthA ko prApta karatA hai, usake AdhAra para usakI tiryaMca gati, naraka gati aura deva gati kahalAtI hai| saMsArI jIvoM kI mukhya janma-sthitiyA~ cAra haiN| unheM cAra gati kahate haiM-naraka gati, tiryaMca gati, manuSya gati aura deva gti| 1. naraka gati-naraka gati meM rahane vAle jIva nAraka kahalAte haiN| inakA AvAsa sthAna adholoka meM hotA hai| inameM rahane vAle jIva bahuta adhika kaSTa kA anubhava karate haiN| naraka gati meM una jIvoM ko jAnA par3atA hai, jo atyadhika krUra karma aura bure vicAra vAle hote haiN| 2. tiryaMca gati-isa gati meM rahane vAle jIva saMkhyA meM sabase adhika haiN| eka indriya se lekara cAra indriya vAle jIva nizcita rUpa se tiryaca hote haiM, kucha paMcendriya jIva bhI tiryaca hote haiM,

Page #55
jaise-pazu-pakSI aadi| inake bhI aneka prakAra haiM, jaise-machalI Adi jala meM rahane vAle jalacara paMcendriya haiN| gAya, bhaiMsa Adi bhUmi para rahane vAle sthalacara paMcendriya haiN| kabUtara, mora Adi AkAza meM ur3ane vAle khecara paMcendriya haiN| 3. manuSya gati-manuSya kI avasthA ko prApta karanA manuSyagati hai| manuSya do prakAra ke hote haiM-saMjJI aura asNjnyii| jina manuSyoM ke mana hotA hai, ve saMjJI kahalAte haiM aura jinake mana nahIM hotA, ve asaMjJI kahalAte haiN| saMjJI manuSya garbha se utpanna hote haiM aura asaMjJI manuSya mala-mUtra, zleSma Adi caudaha sthAnoM meM paidA hote haiN| ye bahata sUkSma hote haiM ataH hameM dikhalAI nahIM dete haiN| 4. deva gati-jo jIva deva-yoni meM paidA hote haiM, unakI deva gati hai| devatA cAra prakAra ke haiM-bhavanapati deva, vyantara deva, jyotiSka deva aura vaimAnika dev| asurakumAra, nAgakumAra Adi bhavanapati deva haiN| bhUta, pizAca, yakSa Adi vyantara deva haiN| sUrya, candramA Adi jyotiSka deva haiM tathA Urdhvaloka meM vimAnoM meM nivAsa karane vAle vaimAnika deva haiN| 1.7 adhyAtma kI apekSA se AtmA ke bheda . adhyAtma kA vikAsa sabhI AtmAoM meM samAna nahIM hotA ataH adhyAtma kI apekSA se bhI AtmA ke tIna bheda kiye gae haiM-bahirAtmA, antarAtmA aura prmaatmaa| - 1. bahirAtmA-samyak dRSTi ke abhAva meM jaba vyakti apanI AtmA ke vAstavika svarUpa ko bhUlakara AtmA se bhinna zarIra, indriya, mana, strI, puruSa, dhana Adi bAhya padArthoM meM Asakti rakhatA hai, taba vaha bahirAtmA kahalAtA hai| 2. antarAtmA-samyak dRSTi kI prApti hone para jaba vyakti AtmA aura zarIra ke bheda ko samajhane lagatA hai| bAhya padArthoM ke

Page #56
47. prati hone vAlI Asakti ko kama kara AtmA ke sacce svarUpa ko pAne ke lie usa ora unmukha hotA hai taba vaha antarAtmA kahalAtA 3. paramAtmA-jaba vyakti apanI sAdhanA ke dvArA samasta karmoM kA nAza kara Atma-svarUpa meM pratiSThita ho jAtA hai, to use paramAtmA kahate haiN| isa prakAra jaina darzana meM jahA~ AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai, vahIM saMsArI AtmA ke bheda-prabhedoM kA bhI sUkSma aura manovaijJAnika vivecana kiyA gayA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra hara AtmA meM paramAtmA banane kI kSamatA hai| 3. AtmA kI siddhi jaina darzana ke anusAra AtmA amUrta hai ataH vaha indriyAtIta padArtha hai| AcArAMga meM AtmA ke svarUpa ko batAte hue likhA hai-'savve sarA niyaTuMti, takkA jattha na vijjai, mai tattha na gAhiyA'-AtmA kA svarUpa zabdAtIta evaM tarkAtIta hai| vaha buddhi kA viSaya bhI nahIM bana sktii| vaha na dIrgha hai, na isv| na trikoNa hai, na ctusskonn| na kRSNa hai, na shukl| na strI hai aura na puruss| AtmA ko kisI bhI upamA se nahIM batAyA jA sakatA, vaha arUpI sattA hai| vaha indriya ke dvArA grAhya nahIM hai| vaha svAnubhava kA viSaya hai| anubhava svasaMvedya hotA hai, kiMtu dUsaroM ko samajhAne ke lie parokSa jJAna bhI upayogI banatA hai| isalie sUkSma yA sthUla, mUrta yA amUrta kisI bhI dravya ke astitva yA nAstitva kA samarthana tarka ke dvArA karane kI paramparA pracalita rahI hai| AtmA ke svasaMvedya hone para bhI tarka, pramANa Adi ke dvArA usakA traikAlika astitva siddha karane kA prayAsa dArzanikoM ne kiyA hai| jaba-jaba anAtmavAdI dArzanikoM ne AtmA ko nakArate hue usake nAstitva kI siddhi ke lie hetu prastata

Page #57
kiye taba-taba prativAdasvarUpa AtmavAdiyoM ne bhI hetu prastuta kiye aura pramANa ke dvArA usakA traikAlika astitva siddha kiyaa| pramANa dvArA AtmA kI siddhi . AtmavAdI dArzanika AtmA kA svatantra astitva svIkAra karate haiM tathA pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se use siddha bhI karate haiN| 1. pratyakSa pramANa bhAratIya darzana meM pratyakSa cAra prakAra kA mAnA gayA hai1. indriya pratyakSa, 2. mAnasa pratyakSa, . 3. yogaja pratyakSa, 4. svasaMvedana pratyakSA prathama do pratyakSa AtmA ke astitva ko siddha karane meM samartha nahIM haiN| yogaja pratyakSa arthAt yoga sAdhanA se hone vAlA pratyakSa bhI hamase parokSa hone ke kAraNa hamArI buddhi kA viSaya nahIM hai| caturtha svasaMvedana pratyakSa ke dvArA AtmA ke astitva kI siddhi hotI hai| maiM sukhI hU~, maiM du:khI hU~-isa prakAra kA jJAna AtmA ke hone para hI ho sakatA hai, anyathA nhiiN| indriya pratyakSa se AtmA kA jJAna na hone mAtra se AtmA ke astitva ko nakArA nahIM jA sktaa| indriya se to hama do-tIna pIr3hI pUrva ke pUrvajoM ko bhI nahIM jAnate para itane mAtra se unakA abhAva nahIM ho jaataa| hamAre na jAnane para bhI pUrvajoM kA astitva hotA hai| AtmA amUrta hai ataH vaha indriya-grAhya nahIM hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne kahA-'no indiyagejjha amuttabhAvA'-amUrta padArtha indriya-grAhya nahIM hai| jisa prakAra mUrta padArthoM meM bhI jo sUkSma, dUravartI evaM vyavahita haiM unheM bhI hamArI indriyAM nahIM jAnatI para phira bhI unakA astitva hotA hai| usI prakAra indriya-grAhya na hone para bhI AtmA

Page #58
kA astitva avazya hai| isa prakAra svasaMvedana pratyakSa ke dvArA AtmA kA astitva siddha hotA hai| 2. anumAna pramANa .. anumAna pramANa se bhI AtmA kA svataMtra astitva siddha hotA . hai| caitanya liMga kI upalabdhi se AtmA kA anumAna hotA hai| AtmA guNI (dravya) hai| caitanya usakA guNa hai| caitanya guNa hamAre pratyakSa hai kintu AtmA jo guNI hai, vaha parokSa hai| parokSa guNI kI sattA pratyakSa guNa se pramANita ho jAtI hai| jaise-kamare meM baiThA huA AdamI sUrya ko nahIM dekhatA, phira bhI vaha prakAza aura dhUpa ke dvArA adRSTa sUrya ko jAna letA hai| usI prakAra adRSTa AtmA caitanya liMga ke dvArA jAna lI jAtI hai| 3. Agama pramANa . Agama meM bhI AtmA ko siddha karane vAle aneka sUtra . milate haiN| dasavaikAlika sUtra meM kahA gayA-'savve jIvAvi icchaMti jIviThaM na marijjiThaM' arthAt saba jIva jInA cAhate haiM, maranA koI nahIM caahtaa| 'attasame manneja chappi kAe' arthAt pRthvI, apa, taijasa Adi chaH kAya ke jIvoM ko apanI AtmA ke samAna maano| tarkazAstra kA niyama hai ki sat sapratipakSa hotA hai| 'yatsat tatsapratipakSam'-jo sat hai, vaha sapratipakSa hai| jisake pratipakSa kA astitva nahIM hotA, usake astitva ko tArkika samarthana bhI nahIM mila sktaa| yadi cetana nAmaka sattA nahIM hotI to acetana sattA kA nAmakaraNa aura bodha bhI nahIM hotaa| isa prakAra pratyakSa Adi pramANoM se AtmA kA astitva siddha kiyA gayA hai| isake atirikta AtmA ke traikAlika astitva ko siddha karane vAle aura bhI aneka hetu upalabdha hote haiM

Page #59
50 4. punarjanma kA sadbhAva AtmA ke traikAlika astitva kA eka hetu hai - punarjanma kA sdbhaav| rAga aura dveSa- ye do karmabIja haiM, jinake kAraNa AtmA bAra-bAra isa saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatI rahatI hai, usakA bAra-bAra janma-maraNa hotA rahatA hai| punarjanma kA sadbhAva zarIra ke prati hone vAle caitasika Agraha se bhI siddha hotA hai| navajAta zizu meM bhI apane zarIra ke prati vizeSa prakAra kA lagAva hotA hai| usakI harSa, bhaya, zoka, mAM kA stanapAna Adi kriyAe~ punarjanma ke siddhAnta ko siddha karatI haiM, kyoMki usane isa janma meM to harSAdi kA anubhava kiyA hI nahIM hai| ye kriyAe~ pUrvAbhyAsa se hI saMbhava haiN| ataH isase punarjanma kI siddhi hotI haiN| punarjanma kI avadhAraNA se AtmA ke traikAlika astitva kI siddhi hotI hai| 5. janmajAta vilakSaNa pratibhA janmajAta vilakSaNa pratibhA se bhI punarjanma kI siddhi hotI hai| jaina darzana meM jJAna ko AtmA kA guNa mAnA gayA hai| marane ke bAda bhI jJAna eka janma se dUsare janma meM sAtha jAtA hai| isIlie hama dekhate haiM ki kucha bacce janma se hI bahuta pratibhA sampanna hote haiM, to kucha bacce maMdabuddhi vAle yA ajJAnI / isakA kAraNa bhI usakA pUrvajanma meM kiyA gayA jJAna kA abhyAse yA anabhyAsa hI hai| 6. zarIra kA adhiSThAtA zarIra ke adhiSThAtA ke rUpa meM AtmA ke astitva ko siddha karate hue kahA jAtA hai ki jitanI bhI kriyAe~ hotI haiM, ve prayatnapUrvaka hotI hai| udAharaNArtha ratha ke calane kI kriyA sArathI ke prayatna se hotI hai, usI prakAra zarIra ke saMcAlana kI kriyA, jisake prayatna se hotI hai, vahI AtmA hai|

Page #60
51 7. saMkalanAtmaka jJAna pratyeka indriya kA apanA-apanA nizcita viSaya hotA hai| eka indriya, dUsarI indriya ke viSaya ko nahIM jAnatI / 'maiM sparza, rUpa, rasa, gandha, sparza ko jAnatA hU~' isa prakAra kA saMkalanAtmaka jJAna kisI bhI eka indriya ke dvArA honA saMbhava nahIM hai| yaha saMkalanAtmaka jJAna jise hotA hai, vaha AtmA hai| 8. karttA aura bhokA jisa prakAra hara kriyA kA koI-na-koI karttA avazya hotA hai, usI prakAra dekhane, sunane, par3hane Adi kI kriyA kA karttA AtmA hai| jisa prakAra bhojana, vastra Adi kA koI bhoktA avazya hotA hai, usI prakAra zarIra kA bhI koI bhoktA honA cAhie aura vaha bhoktA AtmA hI ho sakatA hai| isa prakAra jaina AcAryoM ne aneka tarkoM ke mAdhyama se AtmA ke astitva ko siddha kiyA hai| 4. AtmA kA parimANa AtmA kA parimANa (size) kyA hai| isa sandarbha meM bhAratIya darzanoM meM bhinna-bhinna mata prApta hote haiM, jinameM tIna mata vizeSa pracalita haiM 1. AtmA aNu parimANa vAlA hai| 2. AtmA sarvavyApI hai| 3. AtmA zarIra parimANa hai| 1. AtmA kA aNu parimANa rAmAnujAcArya, mAdhavAcArya, vallabhAcArya Adi AtmA ko aNu parimANa vAlA mAnate haiN| bRhadAraNyaka upaniSada meM AtmA ko aMtara

Page #61
52 . hRdaya meM cAvala .yA jau ke dAne jitanA batAyA gayA hai| AcArya rAmAnuja ke anusAra aNu parimANa vAlI AtmA apane jJAna guNa ke dvArA sampUrNa zarIra meM hone vAlI sukha-duHkha Adi saMvedana rUpa kriyA kA anubhava karatI hai| jisa prakAra dIpaka kI lau choTI hote hue bhI sva-para samasta padArthoM ko prakAzita karatI hai, usI prakAra AtmA aNurUpa hote hue bhI jJAna guNa ke dvArA zarIra meM hone vAlI samasta kriyAoM ko jAna letI hai| ataH AtmA aNurUpa hai| 2. AtmA kA vibhu (sarvavyApI) parimANa advaita vedAnta, nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya-yoga Adi dArzanika AtmA ko AkAza kI bhAMti sarvavyApaka mAnate haiN| unakA mAnanA hai yadi AtmA ko sarvavyApaka nahIM mAneMge to paramANu jo ki pUre AkAza meM phaile hue haiM, una paramANuoM ke sAtha AtmA kA saMyoga na ho sakane ke kAraNa zarIra kA hI nirmANa nahIM ho sakegA aura . zarIra ke abhAva meM saMsAra kA hI abhAva ho jaayegaa| dUsarI bAta AtmA ko zarIra parimANa mAnane para zarIra ke nAza ke sAtha hI AtmA ke nAza hone kA prasaMga bhI upasthita ho jaayegaa| AtmA AkAza kI taraha eka amUrta dravya hai| AkAza sarvavyApI hai ataH AtmA bhI AkAza kI taraha sarvavyApI hai| 3. AtmA kA zarIra parimANa - jaina darzana AtmA ko aNu athavA sarvavyApI na mAnakara madhyama parimANa arthAt zarIra parimANa svIkAra karatA hai| unake anusAra yadi AtmA ko aNu parimANa mAnA jAyegA to zarIra ke jisa bhAga meM AtmA rahegI, usI bhAga meM hone vAlI sukha-duHkha Adi saMvedanA kA vaha anubhava kara skegii| sampUrNa zarIra meM hone vAlI saMvedanAoM kA use anubhava nahIM ho sakegA, isalie AtmA ko aNurUpa mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai|

Page #62
isI prakAra yadi AtmA ko sarvavyApI mAnA jAyegA to sabhI AtmAoM kA paraspara mizraNa hone se saMkara doSa kI Apatti AyegI tathA AtmA kA punarjanma bhI asaMbhava ho jAyegA kyoMki AtmA to sabhI jagaha pahale se vyApta hai ataH usakA punarjanma kahAM hogA / AkAza kI taraha amUrta hone se AtmA ko vyApaka mAnanA bhI ucita nahIM kyoMki nyAya-vaizeSika mata meM mana ko bhI amUrtta mAnA gayA hai para use vyApaka nahIM mAnA gayA hai| ataH AtmA ko aNu athavA sarvavyApI na mAnakara zarIra parimANa mAnanA caahie| AtmA ko zarIra parimANa kahane kA tAtparya hai ki AtmA ko apane saMcita karma ke anusAra jitanA choTA-bar3A zarIra milatA hai, usa pUre zarIra meM vyApta hokara vaha rahatA hai| zarIra kA koI bhI aMza aisA nahIM hotA, jahA~ AtmA na ho| isakA kAraNa jIva meM saMkoca - vikoca karane kI zakti hai| 53 sabhI AtmAe~ asaMkhyeya pradezI haiM parantu AtmA meM saMkoca - vikoca kI zakti hone ke kAraNa pradeza samAna hote hue bhI ve karmArjita zarIra meM vyApta hokara arthAt choTA zarIra milane para apane Atma-pradezoM kA saMkoca kara letI haiM aura yadi zarIra bar3A hotA hai to apane Atma- pradezoM ko phailAkara usameM vyApta ho jAtI haiN| tattvArtha sUtra meM bhI yahI likhA hai asaMkhyeya bhAgAdiSu jIvAnAm / pradezasaMhAravisarpAbhyAM pradIpavat / jisa prakAra dIpaka ko choTe kamare meM rakhane se vaha usa choTe kamare ko prakAzita karatA hai aura bar3e kamare meM rakhane se vaha bar3e kamare ko prakAzita karatA hai, usI prakAra AtmA sampUrNa zarIra meM rahatA huA sampUrNa zarIra ko prakAzita karatA hai|

Page #63
AtmA ke zarIra parimANa kI siddhi ___ jaina dArzanikoM ne AtmA ko zarIra parimANa siddha karane ke lie aneka tarka bhI diye haiM1. guNa guNI kI abhinnatA se AtmA ko zarIra parimANa siddha karate hue AcArya hemacandra ne likhA hai- . yatraiva yo dRSTa guNaH sa tatra kumbhaadivnnissprtipkssmetd| tathApi. dehAt bahirAtmatattvamatatvavAdopahatA ptnti|| AtmA zarIra-parimANa vAlA hai, kyoMki usake jJAnAdi gaNa zarIra meM hI dRSTigocara hote haiM, zarIra ke bAhara nhiiN| jisa vastu ke guNa jahA~ upalabdha nahIM hote, vaha vastu, vahA~ nahIM hotI, udAharaNArtha-agni ke guNa jala meM nahIM hote isalie agni jala meM nahIM hotii| usI prakAra zarIra ke bAhara AtmA kI upalabdhi nahIM hotii| 2. sukha-duHkha kI saMvedanA zarIra meM hone se AtmA ko zarIra parimANa mAnane kA eka kAraNa yaha bhI hai ki zarIra ke kisI bhI bhAga meM hone vAlI vedanA kI anubhUti AtmA ko hotI hai| maiM sukhI hU~, maiM duHkhI hU~, isa prakAra kI anubhUti zarIra meM hI dRSTigocara hotI hai ataH sukha-duHkha kA prabhAva zarIra ke sAtha AtmA para par3ane se yaha siddha hai ki AtmA zarIra parimANa 3. saMkoca-vikoca zakti ke kAraNa ___ AtmA ko zarIra parimANa mAnane kA kAraNa usameM prApta saMkoca aura vistAra kI zakti bhI hai| prazna pUchA gayA- asaMkhyeya pradeza vAle anantAnanta jIva loka ke asaMkhyAtaveM bhAga meM kisa prakAra rahate haiM? isa prazna ke uttara meM batAyA gayA ki AtmA meM dIpaka kI taraha

Page #64
55 saMkoca aura vistAra kI zakti pAI jAtI hai| jisa prakAra eka dIpaka ko rozanadAna se rahita cAroM ora se baMda kamare meM rakha diyA jAye to vaha kevala usa kamare ko prakAzita karatA hai aura usa dIpaka para yadi eka bartana rakha diyA jAye to usakA prakAza usameM simaTa jAtA hai aura yadi kamare ke daravAje aura khir3akiyAM khola dI jAyeM to usakA prakAza kamare se bAhara bhI phaila jAtA hai| usI prakAra AtmA choTe-bar3e zarIra ke AdhAra para apanA saMkoca aura vistAra kara letI hai| AtmA apane karma ke anusAra jaba hAthI ke zarIra ko chor3akara cIMTI ke zarIra meM praveza karatI hai to apane Atma- pradezoM ko saMkucita kara letI hai aura jaba cIMTI kA zarIra marakara hAthI ke zarIra meM praveza pAtA hai to jala meM tela kI bUMda kI taraha phailakara vaha hAthI ke zarIra meM vyApta ho jAtI hai| yadi zarIra ke anusAra AtmA saMkoca - vistAra na kare to phira bacapana kI AtmA dUsarI tathA yuvAvasthA kI AtmA dUsarI mAnanI par3egI, jisase bacapana kI smRti yuvAvasthA meM nahIM ho sakegI ataH mAnanA hogA ki AtmA zarIra parimANa hai| * 4. anumAna se zarIra parimANa kI siddhi anumAna pramANa se bhI AtmA ko zarIra parimANa siddha kiyA gayA hai-AtmA vyApako na bhavati cetanatvAt yattu vyApakaM na tat cetanam yathA vyomaH cetanazcAtmA tasmAd na vyApakaH / avyApakatve cAsya tatraivopalabhyamAnaguNatvena siddhaM kAya pramANatA / AtmA vyApaka nahIM hotI, kyoMki vaha cetana hai| jo vyApaka hotA hai, vaha cetana nahIM hotA, jaise- AkAza / AtmA cetana hai ataH vaha vyApaka nahIM hai| AtmA ke guNa zarIra meM hI upalabdha hone para vaha zarIra parimANa hai, yaha siddha hotA hai|

Page #65
AtmA kathaMcit sarvavyApI hai__jaina darzana meM AtmA ko. kathaMcit sarvavyApI mAnA gayA hai| AtmA jJAna svarUpa hone se jJAna pramANa hai aura jJAna samasta jJeya padArthoM ko jAnane se jJeya pramANa hai tathA jJeya samasta lokAloka hai| isalie jJAna sarvagata hai| jJAna ke sarvagata (vyApaka) siddha hone se AtmA kI sarvavyApakatA siddha hotI hai| pravacanasAra meM kahA hai . AdA NANa pamANaM NANaM nneyppmaannmuddittuN| ___NeyaM loyAloyaM tamhA NANaM tu svvgyN|| karmamala rahita kevalI bhagavAna apane avyAbAdha kevalajJAna se loka aura aloka ko jAnate haiN| isalie ve sarvajJa haiN| kevalI samudghAta kI apekSA AtmA kA AkAra .. siddhAnta cakravartI nemicandrAcArya ne gommaTasAra jIvakANDa meM samudghAta ke svarUpa vivecana meM kahA hai ki mUla zarIra ko tyAge binA uttara zarIra arthAt taijasa aura kArmaNa zarIra ke sAtha Atma-pradezoM kA zarIra se bAhara nikalanA samudghAta kahalAtA hai| samudghAta ke sAta bhedoM meM kevalI samudghAta bhI eka bheda hai| kevalI samudghAta ke samaya Atma-pradeza sampUrNa loka meM vyApta hote haiN| isa prakAra kevalI samudghAta kI apekSA AtmA vyApaka bhI hai lekina vaha kabhI-kabhI hotA hai isalie AtmA ko kathaMcit vyApaka mAnanA hI saMbhava hai, sarvathA nhiiN| jaina dArzanikoM ne zarIra parimANa aura vyApakatA kA samanvaya anekAntAtmakatA kI dRSTi se kiyA hai| yahAM kevalajJAna kI dRSTi se AtmA ko vyApaka tathA Atma-pradezoM kI dRSTi se avyApaka mAnA gayA hai, jaisA ki kahA gayA hai-kevalajJAnotpattiprastAve jJAnApekSayA vyavahAra nayena lokAloka vyApakaH na ca prdeshaapekssyaa|

Page #66
57 ataH niSkarSa ke rUpa meM hama kaha sakate haiM ki AtmA ko aNu parimANa mAnane se zarIra meM hone vAlI sukha-duHkha kI saMvedanA na ho pAne se aNu parimANa mAnanA ucita nahIM tathA AtmA ko vyApaka mAnane se paraloka kA hI abhAva ho jAne ke kAraNa AtmA ko sarvavyApaka mAnanA bhI ucita nahIM / AtmA ke guNa zarIra meM hI pAye jAte haiM ataH AtmA ko zarIra - parimANa mAnanA hI ucita hai| 5. AtmA - zarIra saMbaMdha vizva vyavasthA ke sandarbha meM do vicAradhArAe~ pracalita haiMdvaitavAdI aura advaitavAdI / advaitavAdiyoM ne eka tattva ke AdhAra para vizva kI vyAkhyA kI aura dvaitavAdiyoM ne ise do tattvoM kA vistAra mAnA / advaitavAdiyoM meM bhI do mata prasiddha haiM- caitanyAdvaitavAda aura jar3AdvaitavAda, jo ki kramazaH kevala cetana aura kevala jar3a tattvoM se sRSTi kI utpatti tathA vikAsa ko svIkAra karate haiN| dvaitavAdiyoM ke anusAra yaha jagat kevala jar3a yA kevala cetana kA vistAra nahIM apitu donoM ke saMyoga aura viyoga se isakI utpatti aura vinAza hotA hai| advaitavAdiyoM ke sAmane yaha samasyA nahIM thI ki cetana aura jar3a kA saMbaMdha kaise huA lekina dvaitavAdI ke sAmane yaha samasyA khar3I hoM gaI ki do visadRza padArthoM kA pArasparika saMbaMdha kaise saMbhava hai? bhAratIya darzana meM saMbaMdha kI carcA nyAya-vaizeSika, sAMkhya-yoga Adi dvaitavAdI darzana haiN| sAMkhya darzana ne prakRti aura puruSa - ina do virodhI tattvoM ko svIkAra kiyA kintu puruSa ko niSkriya, akarttA, amUrta mAnakara vikAsa kA sArA bhAra jar3a prakRti para lAda diyA, jisake kAraNa vaha darzana jagat meM AlocanA kA pAtra bnaa|

Page #67
58 nyAya-vaizeSika bhI dvaitavAdI haiN| unake anusAra paramANu aura cetana do bhinna tattva haiM aura ye hI sRSTi ke upAdAna kAraNa haiN| inakA saMbaMdha IzvarIya zakti ke dvArA hotA hai| pAzcAtya darzana meM saMbaMdha kI carcA bhAratIya dArzanikoM kI taraha yaha samasyA pAzcAtya vicArakoM ke sAmane bhI rhii| kisI ne advaita mAnakara saMbaMdha kI samasyA se chuTakArA pAne kA prayatna kiyA to kisI ne dvaitavAda ko svIkRti dekara cetana aura jar3a ke bIca saMbaMdha khojane kA prayatna kiyaa| rena DekArTa AtmA aura zarIra ko sarvathA bhinna svIkAra karatA . hai| usake anusAra The soul or mind of a man is entirely different from body. donoM meM virodha hote hue bhI usane inakA saMbaMdha setu pIniyala glaiNDa ko maanaa| yaha graMthi mana aura zarIra kA milana bindu hai| isake sahAre mana meM hone vAlI kriyA-pratikriyA kA prabhAva zarIra meM par3atA hai aura zarIra meM hone vAlI kriyA-pratikriyA kA prabhAva mana para par3atA hai| spinojA AtmA aura zarIra ko eka hI dravya ke do pahalu ke rUpa meM svIkAra karatA hai aura inameM saMbaMdha karAne vAlA Izvara ko mAnatA hai| lAibanItsa pUrvasthApita sAmaMjasya (pre-established harmony) ke dvArA zarIra aura AtmA ke sambandha kI vyAkhyA karate haiN| unake anusAra zarIra aura AtmA meM sambandha kA kAraNa Izvara hai| Izvara ne zarIra-cidaNu aura AtmA-cidaNu kA nirmANa kara unameM pahale se hI sambandha niyata kara diyA hai| donoM svatantra haiM, nirapekSa haiM parantu sahacArI haiM tathA eka-dUsare se sambaddha haiN|

Page #68
bhAratIya va pAzcAtya jagat kI bhAMti manovijJAna meM bhI yaha samasyA banI huI hai ki AtmA aura zarIra kA saMbaMdha kyA hai? kauna kise prabhAvita karatA hai? baina darzana meM AtmA aura zarIra saMbadha __ jaina darzana dvaitavAdI darzana hai| vizva vyavasthA ke saMdarbha meM jar3a aura cetana donoM kI sattA ko svIkAra karatA hai| prazna hotA hai ki jaina darzana ke anusAra AtmA aura zarIra donoM nirapekSa do svataMtra sattAe~ haiM yA inameM paraspara koI saMbaMdha bhI hai| yadi saMbaMdha hai to saMbadha kA kAraNa kyA hai? AtmA zarIra ko prabhAvita karatA hai yA zarIra AtmA ko prabhAvita karatA hai| dUsarI bAta jaina darzana ke anusAra AtmA aura zarIra donoM sarvathA virodhI haiM to inakA saMbaMdha svataH hotA hai yA inakA saMbaMdha karavAne ke lie kisI tIsare tattva samavAya yA Izvara kI apekSA hotI hai, jaisA ki anya dArzanika mAnate haiN| - jaina darzana ke anusAra AtmA aura zarIra kI sarvathA nirapekSa sattA svIkAra kara inameM paraspara saMbaMdha tathA pArasparika prabhAva kI vyAkhyA nahIM kI jA sakatI apitu sApekSa svIkAra karake hI saMbaMdha tathA prabhAva kI vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai| AtmA aura zarIra ke saMbaMdha meM uThane vAlI samasta jijJAsAoM kA samAdhAna dete hue jaina dArzanikoM ne kahA ki sarvathA amUrta AtmA ke sAtha zarIra kA saMbaMdha nahIM ho sakatA ataH unhoMne AtmA ko . do bhAgoM meM bAMTa diyA 1. siddha AtmA, 2. saMsArI aatmaa| siddhAtmA sarvathA amUrta hotI hai ataH usakA zarIra ke sAtha saMbadha nahIM hotA kintu saMsArI AtmA saMsArI avasthA meM kathaMcit mUrta

Page #69
hone ke kAraNa saMsArI AtmA ke sAtha zarIra kA saMbaMdha asaMbhava nahIM kucha zaMkAkAra yaha zaMkA karate haiM ki AtmA amUrta tathA zarIra mUrta hai ataH amUrta kA mUrta meM praveza kaise hogA? jaina darzana ke anusAra yaha zaMkA nirAdhAra hai| saMsArI avasthA meM AtmA sUkSma aura sthUla zarIra se yukta rahatI hai| mRtyu ke samaya sthUla zarIra chUTa jAtA hai para sUkSma zarIra nahIM chuutttaa| yahI sUkSma zarIra bAra-bAra janma dhAraNa karatA rahatA hai ataH sUkSma zarIra se yukta hone ke kAraNa amUrta kA mUrta meM praveza kaise hogA yaha zaMkA hI nirAdhAra hai| AtmA aura zarIra kA saMbaMdha setu ___AtmA aura zarIra kA mukhya saMbaMdha setu Azrava hai| Azrava karmoM ke Ane kA dvAra hai| jaba taka yaha dvAra khulA rahatA hai taba taka AtmA aura zarIra kA saMbaMdha banA rahatA hai| - karma baMdhana kA mUla kAraNa rAga aura dveSa hai, jaisA. ki kahA bhI gayA hai snehAbhyakta zarIrasya reNunA zliSyate ythaa| gAtraM rAgadveSaklinnasya karmabandho bhvtyevN|| jisa prakAra zarIra para cikanAI hotI hai to raja kaNa usa para cipaka jAte haiM aura vaha maila rUpa meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| usI prakAra jIva meM rAga-dveSa rUpI cikanAI hai aura karmaraja sarvatra phailI huI haiM, ataH ve AtmA ke sAtha cipakakara karma rUpa meM pariNata ho 'jAtI haiN| siddhoM meM rAga-dveSa nahIM hai ataH unake karmabaMdhana na hone ke kAraNa zarIra kA abhAva hotA hai| , saMsArI avasthA meM zarIra ke binA AtmA kI vyAkhyA hI nahIM kI jA sktii| ataH AtmA aura zarIra ke saMbaMdha kA mukhya setu karma aura Azrava hai|

Page #70
-.61 bhagavatI sUtra meM saMbaMdha sUtroM kI carcA advaitavAdiyoM ke sAmane saMbaMdha sUtra kI samasyA nahIM thI, kyoMki ve eka hI tattva ko svIkAra karate the| para dvaitavAdiyoM ke sAmane saMbaMdha sUtra kI pramukha samasyA thii| bhagavatI sUtra meM gautama bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUchate haiM-bhaMte! AtmA aura zarIra sarvathA bhinna haiN| eka jar3a hai, dUsarA cetn| cetana kabhI acetana nahIM banatA aura acetana kabhI cetana nahIM banatA ataH inameM paraspara saMbaMdha hotA hai kyA? bhagavAna ne samAdhAna dete hue kahA-atthi NaM bhaMte! jIvA ya poggalAya aNNamaNNabaddhA aNNamaNNapuTThA, aNNamaNNamogADhA aNNamaNNasiNehapaDibaddhA, aNNamaNNaghaDattAe ciNlNti| haMtA atthi| AtmA aura zarIra meM paraspara sambandha hotA hai| bhagavatI sUtra meM AtmA aura zarIra ke saMbadha sUtroM ko vivecita karate hue kahA gayA-jIva aura pudgala (zarIra) eka-dUsare se baMdhe hue haiM, eka-dUsare - ko chU rahe haiM, eka-dUsare kA avagAhana kara rahe haiM, eka-dUsare ke AdhAra para Thahare hue haiM, paraspara sneha se pratibaddha haiN| sUtra meM Ae hue ogADhA (avagADha), siNeha (sneha) aura ghaDatAe (AdhAra)-ina tIna zabdoM ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| 1. ogADhA (avagAr3ha) sUtra meM AyA huA avagADha zabda avagAhana ke artha meM prayukta huA hai| avagADha kA eka artha hai-paraspareNa lolIbhAvaM gatA-jIva aura zarIra meM lolIbhAva saMbadha hai| lolIbhAva saMbaMdha meM do padArtha ekameka ho jAte haiN| jaise-lohe ko agni meM garama karane para usakA raMga lAla ho jAtA hai| usa avasthA meM yaha nahIM kahA jA sakatA ki yaha lohA hai aura yaha agni hai| donoM eka-dUsare meM anupraviSTa ho jAte haiN| usI prakAra AtmA aura zarIra anupraviSTa haiN|

Page #71
62 2. siNeha (sneha) sUtra meM Ae hue siNeha - sneha zabda kA TIkAkAra ne artha kiyA hai - ' sneha pratibaddhArAgAdirUpaH snehaH ' parantu yaha artha saMgata pratIta nahIM hotaa| jIva meM rAga hotA hai kintu pudgala meM rAga nahIM hotA / ataH jIva aura zarIra ke saMbaMdha kA jo kAraNa batAyA gayA hai, vaha yaha hai ki jIva meM ghanAtmaka zakti hai aura ajIva meM RNAtmaka zakti hai| ina donoM meM saMbaMdha sthApita karane kI yogyatA sneha hai| 3. ghaDattAe (AdhAra) ghaDattAe kA eka artha hai- AdhAra / jIva aura zarIra ke saMbaMdha meM gautama dvArA pUche gae praznoM ko samAhita karane ke lie bhagavAna ne eka sundara upamA ko prastuta kiyaa| jaise eka tAlAba pAnI se pUrA bharA huA hai, usameM jala samA nahIM rahA hai| pAnI ke usa athAha pravAha meM eka vyakti ne apanI naukA ko khar3A kiyaa| vaha naukA saikar3oM chidra vAlI hai| Azrava aura chidra paryAyavAcI haiN| chedoM meM pAnI praviSTa hotA hai aura dhIredhIre pUrI naukA pAnI se bhara jAtI hai| isa dRSTAnta ko spaSTa karate hue bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA- jIva meM chidra hai - Azrava / pudgala kI prakRti hai chidra meM bhara jaanaa| karma pudgala sarvatra phaile hue haiM tathA ve Azrava dvAra se nirantara praviSTa hote rahate haiM aura AtmA tathA zarIra ke saMbaMdha ko banAye rakhate haiN| saMsArI avasthA meM AtmA aura zarIra dUdha aura pAnI kI taraha Apasa meM mile hue haiN| inheM alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| AtmA aura zarIra kA saMbaMdha kaba huA AtmA aura zarIra kA saMbaMdha kaba huA, isa sandarbha meM sabhI bhAratIya dArzanikoM ne ciMtana kiyA hai|

Page #72
63 AcArya zaMkara ne brahma aura mAyA kA saMbaMdha anAdi maanaa| sAMkhya mata meM prakRti aura puruSa kA tathA bauddha darzana meM nAma aura rUpa kA saMbaMdha anAdi mAnA gayA hai| jaina darzana bhI AtmA aura zarIra ke saMbaMdha ko anAdi mAnatA hai| inameM paurvAparya (pahale aura pIche kA) saMbaMdha na hokara apazcAnupUrvI saMbaMdha hai| apazcAnupUrvI use kahate haiM, jahA~ pahale-pIche kA koI vibhAga nahIM hotaa| jIva aura zarIra kA saMbaMdha anAdi kAla se calA A rahA hai| -- bhagavatI sUtra meM prazna pUchA gayA ki murgI aNDe se paidA hotI hai yA aNDA murgI se| jisa prakAra murgI aura aNDe meM pauvAparya nahIM batAyA jA sakatA, vaise hI jIva aura pudgala ke saMbaMdha meM paurvAparya nahIM batAyA jA sktaa| yadi karmoM se pahale AtmA ko mAneM to zuddha AtmA meM karma lagane kA koI kAraNa hI nahIM banatA aura yadi karma ko AtmA se pahale mAne to AtmA ke binA karma karegA kauna? ataH AtmA aura zarIra ke saMbaMdha ko apazcAnupUrvI mAnanA hI samIcIna hai| ___ AtmA aura zarIra kA saMbaMdha anAdi hote hue bhI ananta nahIM hai| isakA anta (viyoga) ho sakatA hai| jisa prakAra kolhU Adi ke dvArA tela khala-rahita hotA hai, maMthanI Adi ke dvArA ghI-chAcha rahita hotA hai, usI prakAra vizeSa tapasyA aura nirjarA ke dvArA AtmA aura zarIra ke isa saMbaMdha ko samApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| niSkarSa ke rUpa meM hama kaha sakate haiM ki AtmA aura zarIra kA mukhya saMbaMdha setu Azrava hai| yaha saMbaMdha kisI eka kI ora se nahIM hotA apitu AtmA aura zarIra donoM kI tarapha se hotA

Page #73
64 hai| jIva meM sneha hai-Azrava aura pudgala meM sneha hai-AkarSaNa hone kI yogytaa| isakI jAnakArI sUtra meM Aye hue siNehapaDibaddhA zabda se milatI hai| isa prakAra jaina darzana meM AtmA aura zarIra ke saMbaMdha meM kisI prakAra kI samasyA nahIM AtI, jaisI ki anya darzanoM meM AtI hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra AtmA kathaMcit mUrta hai aura mUrta kA mUrta ke sAtha saMbaMdha ho sakatA hai| zarIra aura cetanA ko sarvathA svatantra svIkAra kara usakI vyAkhyA nahIM kara sakate, kintu sApekSa svatantra svIkAra kara hama unake sambandha aura pArasparika prabhAva kI vyAkhyA kara sakate haiN| 6. punarjanmavAda jaina darzana AtmavAdI darzana hai| vaha AtmA ke traikAlika astitva ko svIkAra karatA hai| AtmA atIta meM thI, vartamAna meM hai aura bhaviSya meM hogii| jisakA atIta aura bhaviSya nahIM hotA, usakA vartamAna bhI nahIM hotaa| vartamAna meM hameM AtmA kA anubhava hotA hai ataH AtmA kA atIta bhI thA aura bhaviSya bhI hogaa| vartamAna jIvana hamAre pratyakSa hai kintu isa janma se pUrva atIta meM AtmA kyA thI aura mRtyu ke bAda AtmA kahA~ jAegI, hameM jJAta nahIM hai| AtmA kI traikAlika sattA kI svIkRti punarjanma ke siddhAnta kI svIkRti hai| AtmA hai, AtmA zAzvata hai aura karma hai-ye tInoM punarjanma ko pramANita karate haiN| karmayukta AtmA ke AdhAra para hI punarjanmavAda kI sthApanA saMbhava hai| jaba taka AtmA karmoM se mukta hokara apane svarUpa meM pratiSThita nahIM hotI taba taka punarjanma kI paramparA calatI rahatI dArzanika jagat meM AtmA aura punarjanma ke saMbaMdha meM kucha mAnyatAe~ pracalita haiM

Page #74
___ 1. pahalI mAnyatA ke anusAra AtmA hai para usakA punarjanma nahIM hotaa| IsAI evaM islAma dharmAnuyAyI aisA mAnate haiN| 2. dUsarI mAnyatA ke anusAra AtmA nahIM hai para punarjanma hai| bauddha darzana anAtmavAdI hone ke kAraNa AtmA ke traikAlika astitva ko svIkAra nahIM karate kintu citta-saMtati ke AdhAra para punarjanma ko svIkAra karate haiN| 3. tIsarI mAnyatA ke anusAra AtmA evaM punarjanma donoM nahIM haiN| aisI mAnyatA cArvAka darzana kI hai| ve AtmA, paramAtmA, punarjanma Adi kisI bhI atIndriya padArtha kI sattA ko svIkAra nahIM krte| 4. cauthI mAnyatA ke anusAra AtmA evaM punarjanma donoM hI haiN| cArvAka ko chor3akara prAyaH sabhI Astika darzana donoM ke astitva ko svIkAra karate haiN| AtmA kA jaba taka karma ke sAtha saMbaMdha hai, taba taka janma aura mRtyu kA pravAha cirantana hai| punarjanma kA artha sabhI bhAratIya ciMtaka isa bAta se sahamata haiM ki apane kiye gae zubha-azubha karmoM kA phala samasta prANiyoM ko bhoganA hI par3atA hai| kucha karma aise hote haiM, jinakA phala isI janma meM mila jAtA hai aura kucha karma aise hote haiM, jinakA phala isI janma meM nahIM mila paataa| jina karmoM kA phala isa janma meM nahIM milatA, unako bhogane ke lie karmayukta jIva pUrvavartI sthUla zarIra ko chor3akara navIna zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai| isa prakAra pUrva zarIra ko chor3akara navIna zarIra dhAraNa karanA punarjanma kahalAtA hai| punarjanma ko paryAya badalanA, punarbhava, janmAntara, pretyabhAva, paraloka Adi bhI kahate haiN| punarjanma kI prakriyA meM AtmA kA nAza nahIM hotA, sthUla zarIra kA nAza hotA hai| jisa prakAra manuSya phaTe-purAne kapar3e ko chor3akara

Page #75
naye vastra dhAraNa kara letA hai, usI prakAra AtmA bhI purAne zarIra ko chor3akara navIna zarIra dhAraNa kara letA hai| yahI AtmA kA punarjanma kahalAtA hai| pleTo ke zabdoM meM-"The soul always wears her garments a new. The soul has a natural strength which will hold out and be born many times"... punarjanma kA kAraNa jaina darzana meM punarjanma kA mUla kAraNa karma ko mAnA gayA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA-'rAgo ya doSo biya kammabIya, kammaM ca jAImaraNassa mUlaM' arthAt rAga aura dveSa karma ke bIja haiM tathA karma janma-maraNa kA mUla kAraNa hai| karmayukta AtmA ke hI punarjanma ho sakatA hai| akarmA AtmA janma-maraNa kI paramparA se mukta hotI hai| dasavaikAlika sUtra meM batAyA gayA-anigRhIta krodha aura mAna tathA pravardhamAna mAyA aura lobha-ye cAroM kaSAya punarjanma rUpI vRkSa ke mUla kA siMcana karate haiN| AcArAMga sUtra meM kahA gayA-'mAI pamAI puNarei gabhaM' arthAt mAyA aura pramAda bAra-bAra janma-maraNa ke kAraNa banate haiN| punarjanma kA eka mahattvapUrNa kAraNa mUrchA yA Asakti ko mAnA gayA hai| jisa prakAra mahAmegha se siMcita hokara bIja aMkurita ho jAtA hai, usI prakAra mUcha bhAva kA atyadhika siMcana pAkara jIva bAra-bAra janma-maraNa ko prApta hotA hai| isa prakAra rAga-dveSa, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, pramAda Adi punarjanma ke kAraNa banate haiN| ___ jaina darzana meM kahA gayA-'kaDANa kammANa na mokkha atthi' arthAt kRta karmoM kA phala bhoge binA mokSa prApta nahIM hotaa| jaba taka karmoM kA Agamana cAlU hai, taba taka karmaphala bhogane ke lie bAra-bAra punarjanma hotA rahatA hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM ullekha milatA hai-'se asaI uccAgoe asaI nIAgoe' arthAt pratyeka AtmA

Page #76
67 apane karmAnusAra aneka bAra uccakula aura nIcakula meM janma-maraNa kara cukI hai| AtmA aura punarjanma kA astitva svIkAra karane ke bAda bhI kucha mahattvapUrNa prazna zeSa raha jAte haiM, jaise-punarjanma kA ghaTaka tattva yA kAraka tattva kyA hai? mRtyu ke bAda dUsare janma meM AtmA akelI jAtI hai yA anya tattva bhI sAtha jAte haiN| vaha kaise jAtI hai? use nayA janma lene meM kitanA samaya lagatA hai aadi| bhagavatIsUtra meM ina sabakA vistAra se samAdhAna diyA gayA hai| punarjanma kA ghaTaka tattva hai-shriir| zarIra hai isIlie punarjanma hotA hai| yadi zarIra na ho to punarjanma bhI nahIM hogaa| vAstava meM punarjanma kA kAraNa kArmaNa zarIra yA sUkSma zarIra banatA hai| __ AtmA eka janma se dUsare janma meM jAtI hai taba vaha do zarIra-kArmaNa zarIra aura taijasa zarIra ko sAtha lekara jAtI hai| kyoMki jisa prakAra UrjA ke binA pAipa pAnI nahIM khIMca sakatA, ThIka usI prakAra taijas zarIra ke binA jIva gati nahIM kara sakatA aura kArmaNa zarIra ke binA gati kI dizA kA nirdhAraNa nahIM kara sktaa| ____ jIva eka janma se dUsare janma meM jAte samaya jo gati karate haiM, use antarAla gati kahate haiN| yaha do prakAra kI hotI hai-Rjugati aura vkrgti| janma sthAna samazreNI meM hone para vaha Rjugati se jAtA hai aura isameM use 'eka samaya' lagatA hai| mRtyu hote hI eka samaya meM vaha Rjugati se jahAM janma lenA hai, vahAM janma le letA hai| janma sthAna viSamazreNI meM hone para vaha vakragati se jAtA hai aura isameM use do se cAra samaya taka kA kAlamAna laga sakatA hai| pUrvajanma kI smRti ke hetu - bhagavAna mahAvIra ne AcArAMga sUtra meM pUrvajanma ko jAnane ke tIna hetu batAye haiM

Page #77
__ 1. svasmRti-svayaM apane Apa apane pUrvajanma kI smRti ho jAne ko svasmRti kahate haiN| bahuta se aise vyakti hote haiM, jinheM apanI bAlyAvasthA meM apane pUrvajanma kA jJAna hotA hai| pro. sTIveMsana ne isa viSaya para anusaMdhAna kiyA aura pAyA ki jina baccoM ko apane pUrvajanma kI smRti thI, unhoMne jo kucha apane pUrvajanma ke viSaya meM batAyA, anusaMdhAna karane para vaha saca pAyA gyaa| . 2. paravyAkaraNa-yaha pUrvajanma kI smRti kA dUsarA hetu hai| 'para' zabda utkRSTatA aura zreSThatA kA sUcaka hai| dharma ke kSetra meM AptapuruSa, tIrthaMkara zreSTha mAne jAte haiN| tIrthaMkara apane kevalajJAna se saba kucha jAnate haiN| unase pUchakara vyakti apane pUrvajanma ko jAna sakatA hai| gautama ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUchA-bhagavan! mujhe kevalajJAna kyoM nahIM ho rahA hai to mahAvIra ne batAyA-isakA kAraNa tumhArA mere prati anurAga hai| tumhArA aura merA saMbaMdha aneka janmoM kA hai| tuma mere ciraparicita ho| mahAvIra kI vANI ko sunakara gautama ko apane pUrvajanma kI smRti ho gii| 3. anya ke pAsa zravaNa-dUsaroM ke pAsa sunakara bhI vyakti apane pUrvajanma kI smRti kara sakatA hai| yahAM dUsaroM se tAtparya tIrthakara ke atirikta sabhI jJAnI puruSoM se hai| ve avadhijJAnI, manaHparyavajJAnI Adi koI bhI ho sakate haiN| viziSTa jJAnI ke dvArA nirUpita tathya ko sunakara kisI ko apane pUrvajanma kI smRti ho jAtI hai| ___ isake atirikta mohanIya karma kA upazama, lezyA (bhAvadhArA) kI vizuddhi, atIta ke cintana meM hone vAlI ekAgratA bhI pUrvajanma ko jAnane ke kAraNa banate haiN| vijJAna ke saMdarbha meM punarjanma vijJAna meM padArtha kI Thosa, drava, gaisa aura plAjmA-ye cAra

Page #78
69 avasthAe~ mAnI gaI haiN| 1944 meM eka pAMcavIM avasthA kI khoja kI gaI, jise jaiva-plAjmA athavA proToplAjmA kahate haiN| vaijJAnikoM ke anusAra proToplAjmA zarIra kI kozikAoM meM rahatA hai| marane ke bAda yaha tattva zarIra se alaga ho jAtA hai aura vahI tattva jIna meM parivartita ho jAtA hai| yaha proToplAjmA hI bacce ke rUpa meM janma le letA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra isa proToplAjmA kI tulanA prANa aura sUkSma zarIra se kI jA sakatI hai| sUkSma zarIra ke kAraNa hI AtmA punarjanma letI hai| vyakti meM pUrvajanma kI smRti sUkSma zarIra meM saMcita rahatI hai aura nimitta pAkara jAgRta ho jAtI hai| vijJAna ke anusAra proToplAjmA kA kaNa jaba smRti paTala para jAgRta ho jAtA hai to bacce ko apane pUrvajanma kI ghaTanAe~ yAda Ane lagatI haiN| proToplAjmA kI avadhAraNA se AtmA kI amaratA aura punarjanma-ye donoM hI siddhAnta spaSTa ho jAte haiN| pUrvajanma kI. smRti sabako kyoM nahIM hotI? AtmA, pUrvajanma, punarjanma Adi ko na mAnane vAle kucha vicArakoM kA yaha maMtavya hai ki yadi AtmA, pUrvajanma kA siddhAnta yathArtha hotA to pUrvajanma kI smRti sabhI prANiyoM ko usI prakAra honI cAhie thI, jisa prakAra unheM apane bAlyAvasthA aura yuvAvasthA kI smRti vRddhAvasthA meM hotI hai, para sabhI ko pUrvajanma kI smRti nahIM hotI ataH yaha eka mAnasika kalpanA mAtra hai| yadi marane ke bAda punarjanma hotA to hameM zarIra se nikalakara AtmA bAhara jAtI huI yA kisI dUsare zarIra meM praveza karatI huI kyoM nahIM dikhAI detI? isake samAdhAna meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki kisI ko apane pUrvajanma kI smRti na hone para usake abhAva ko siddha nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isa janma kI bhI bahuta-sI bAtoM ko hama apanI smRti meM nahIM rakha paate| subaha kI bAta bhI zAma ko bhUla jAte haiM ataH smRti na hone ke kAraNoM kA nirdeza dete hue kahA gayA ki

Page #79
70 janma aura mRtyu ke samaya vyakti ko bhayaMkara - kaSTa hotA hai, duHkha hotA hai, usa du:kha ke kAraNa vyakti ko pUrvajanma kI smRti nahIM hotii| prAyaH hama dekhate haiM, isa janma meM bhI Akasmika koI durghaTanA ho jAne para vyakti kI yAdadAzta kho jAtI hai| janma aura mRtyu ke samaya zarIra kI eka-eka kozikA meM ekameka huA prANa jaba usase alaga hotA hai taba use alaga hone meM bhayaMkara vedanA hotI hai, jisase vyakti mUrchA meM bhI calA jAtA hai ataH use pUrvajanma kI smRti nahIM hotii| dUsarA samAdhAna yaha hai ki smRti kA saMbaMdha dimAga se hai, mastiSka se hai| mRtyu ke samaya vyakti kA mastiSka naSTa ho jAtA hai ataH sabako samAna smRti nahIM hotii| jaina darzana ke anusAra pUrvajanma ke saMskAra kArmaNa zarIra ke sAtha rahate haiM para ve saMskAra koI prabala nimitta milane para hI jAgRta hote haiN| sabhI ko vaise nimitta nahIM mila pAte ataH sabhI ko pUrvajanma kI smRti nahIM hotii| mRtyu ke samaya AtmA eka zarIra se nikalakara dUsare zarIra meM praveza karatI huI bhI isalie nahIM dikhAI detI, kyoMki vaha amUrta hai| amUrta AtmA ko AMkhoM se yA kisI upakaraNa se dekha pAnA asaMbhava hai| AtmA ke sAtha jo kArmaNa zarIra hai, vaha bhI itanA sUkSma hai ki use bhI zarIra meM praveza karate hue aura bAhara nikalate hue nahIM dekha skte| niSkarSataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki AtmA kA astitva traikAlika hai| pUrvajanma aura punarjanma ke dvArA vaha vividha rUpoM ko dhAraNa karatI hai| jaba taka AtmA ke sAtha sUkSma zarIra rahatA hai taba taka vaha janma-maraNa kI paramparA se mukta nahIM ho sktii| punarjanma kA mUla kAraka tattva-karma hai| jIva jaba sarvathA karmamukta ho jAtA

Page #80
... 71 hai, taba usakA saMsAra paribhramaNa samApta ho jAtA hai| punarjanma kI zrRMkhalA TUTa jAtI hai ataH spaSTa hai ki vyakti ko karmoM ke kAraNa hI bAra-bAra janma-maraNa (punarjanma) karanA par3atA hai| . . praznAvalI prazna-1. nimnalikhita praznoM ke uttara vistAra se likheM 1. jaina darzana ke anusAra AtmA ke svarUpa para prakAza ddaaleN| 2: AtmA ke bheda-prabhedoM kA vivecana kreN| 3. AtmA ke astitva ko siddha kreN| 4. siddha kareM ki AtmA zarIra parimANa hai| 5. AtmA aura zarIra ke sambandha ko vistAra se smjhaaeN| 6. punarjanma kI avadhAraNA para prakAza ddaaleN| prazna-2. nimnalikhita praznoM ke uttara 100 zabdoM meM deM 1. gati kI apekSA se AtmA ke prakAroM kA vivecana kreN| 2. adhyAtma kI apekSA se AtmA ke prakAroM kA vivecana kreN| 3. AtmA aura zarIra kA saMbaMdha kaba huA? 4. punarjanma kI smRti ke hetuoM para prakAza ddaaleN| 5. punarjanama ke kAraNoM para prakAza ddaaleN|

Page #81
72. . ikAI-3 AcAra-mImAMsA ... . AdhyAtmika vyakti kA lakSya hotA hai-aatm-saakssaatkaar| jise prApta karane kI prakriyA hai-samyak aacaar| AcAra kI pavitratA ke binA kevala jJAna lakSya taka nahIM pahuMcA sktaa| bhagavAn mahAvIra kI sArI AcAra-vyavasthA kA AdhAra hai-aatmaa| karma-baMdhana ke kAraNa AtmA anAdikAla se saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahI hai| samyak AcAra ke dvArA AtmA ko karma-baMdhana se mukta kara paramAtma-pada para avasthita karanA hI jaina AcAra-mImAMsA kA uddezya hai| jaina paramparA meM jo bhI anuSThAna mokSa kI ora le jAne vAlA hai, vaha AcAra hai aura zeSa anaacaar| samyak AcAra kA pAlana karane ke lie nau tattva aura triratna kA jJAna honA Avazyaka hai| ratnatraya ke abhyAsa se AtmA kI kramika vizuddhi hotI hai, jise guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| AtmA kI vizuddhi meM SaDAvazyaka aura dasa dharma kA abhyAsa bhI nimitta banatA hai| prastuta ikAI meM jaina AcAra kA AdhAra aura svarUpa, nava tattva, ratnatraya, guNasthAna, SaDAvazyaka aura dasa dharma kA vivecana kiyA gayA - 1. jaina AcAra : AdhAra aura svarUpa bhAratIya darzana kI cAra pramukha zAkhAe~ haiM-tattvamImAMsA, jJAnamImAMsA, pramANamImAMsA aura aacaarmiimaaNsaa| inameM se jaina darzana meM AcAra kA sthAna sarvopari hai, kyoMki AcAra hI mokSa rUpI sAdhya ko prApta karane kA sAkSAt sAdhana hai ataH jaina AcAra mImAMsA ko vistAra se samajhane se pUrva AcAra kA svarUpa aura usake AdhAra ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| . .

Page #82
- 13 AcAra kA artha AcAra kA zAbdika artha hai-aacrnn| Acaryate iti AcAraH, jisakA AcaraNa kiyA jAe, vahI AcAra hai| AcAra zabda AG upasarga pUrvaka car dhAtu se ghaJ pratyaya lagAne para banA hai| 'cara' dhAtu kA prayoga mukhya rUpa se gati-calanA artha meM kiyA jAtA hai| hamAre mana meM zubha vicAroM kA calanA vicAra hai, zubha vANI kA prayoga uccAra hai aura zubha vicAroM ko jIvana meM utAranA AcAra hai| acche AcAra se hI acche vicAra kI utpatti hotI hai aura acche vicAra se hI AcAra acchA banatA hai| ataH AcAra aura vicAra paraspara sApekSa haiN| AcAra kA svarUpa zabdArtha kI dRSTi se dekheM to AcAra zabda ke aneka artha hote haiM, jaise- nIti, dharma, karttavya, naitikatA aadi| jIvana-nirvAha ke lie jina bAtoM, niyamoM kI pAlanA kI jAtI hai, vaha AcAra hai| tattva darzana ko samaMna rUpa se samajhane aura vyavahAra meM utArane kI prakriyA AcAra hai| isI se jIvanazailI pariSkRta aura parizuddha hotI hai| samAja meM pratiSThA kA mUlyAMkana bhI vyakti kA AcAra aura vyavahAra banatA hai| isIlie kahA gayA-AcAra samAja kA darpaNa hai| samyak. AcAra ke pAlana se na kevala sAmAjika unnati apitu AdhyAtmika unnati bhI hotI hai| ataH AcAra hI mokSa-prApti kA sAkSAt kAraNa hai| jaina AcAra kA kendra bindu hai-aatmaa| AtmA ke utthAna ke lie jo bhI AcaraNa nirdiSTa haiM, vahI jaina AcAra kA svarUpa hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra AtmA aura karma kA sambandha anAdi hai| yaha saMbaMdha kaba taka banA rahegA, nizcita nahIM hai| karma ke kAraNa hI AtmA ko vividha yoniyoM meM paribhramaNa karanA par3atA hai| karma se hI punarjanma hotA hai| janma-maraNa aura karma-paramparA ko rokane ke

Page #83
74. lie saMvara aura nirjarA kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hai| saMvara aura nirjarA hI jaina AcAra kA mUla. svarUpa hai| saMvara kI sAdhanA ke lie pAMca cAritra, pAMca samiti, tIna gupti, dasa dharma, bAraha anuprekSA kA abhyAsa aura bAIsa parISahoM para vijaya prApta karanA Avazyaka hai| nirjarA meM anazana, UnodarI Adi bAraha prakAra se tapa kI sAdhanA kara karma-kSaya kiye jAte haiM, jisase AtmA kA zuddha svarUpa jo jJAnamaya, darzanamaya, Anandamaya aura zaktimaya hai, prakaTa hotA hai| isa prakAra sampUrNa AcAra-zAstra kA uddezya karmoM ko naSTakara AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa ko ujAgara karanA hai| jaina AcAra kA mahattva jaina paramparA meM AcAra ko sarvAdhika mahattva diyA gayA hai| AcAra ke mahattva ko pratipAdita karate hue kahA gayA-vizva meM jitane bhI prANI haiM, una sabhI prANiyoM meM mAnava zreSTha prANI hai| sabhI mAnavoM meM jJAnI zreSTha hai aura sabhI jJAniyoM meM AcAravAna zreSTha hai| AcAra kI mahimA batAte hue vaidika maharSiyoM ne kahA-AcAra se vidyA prApta hotI hai, manuSya kI Ayu bar3hatI hai| kAnti aura kIrti upalabdha hotI hai| aisA kauna-sA sadguNa hai, jo AcAra se prApta nahIM hotaa| AcAra kI zuddhi hone se sattva kI zuddhi hotI hai, sattva kI zuddhi hone se citta ekAgra banatA hai aura citta ekAgra hone se sAkSAt mukti prApta hotI hai| AcAra kI mahattA batAte hue AcArya tulasI ne likhA hai rupayA ninyAnave, vimala vinaya aacaar| zeSa eka rupayA rahA, vidyA kalA prcaar|| arthAt sau rupaye meM ninyAnave rupaye kA mUlya nirmala aura vinamra AcAra ko hai aura vidyA (jJAna) ko eka rupayA hI mUlya diyA gayA hai| isase bhI AcAra ke mahattva kA mUlyAMkana kiyA jA sakatA hai|

Page #84
75 AcAra kI pRSThabhUmi jJAna jaina darzana ke anusAra AcAra kI pRSThabhUmi hai-jnyaan| dazavaikAlika sUtra meM kahA gayA-'paDhamaM nANaM tao dayA' pahale jAno phira usakA AcaraNa kro| bhagavAna mahAvIra ke AcAra-zAstra kA sUtra hai 'jJAnaM prathamo dhrm:'| jJAna ke binA AcAra kA nirdhAraNa nahIM ho sktaa| jJAnI manuSya hI AcAra aura anAcAra kA viveka kara sakatA hai| anAcAra ko chor3akara AcAra kA pAlana kara sakatA hai| sUtrakRtAMga sUtra meM bhI bujjhejja tiuTTejjA ke mAdhyama se yahI tathya pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai-pahale baMdhana ko jaano| baMdhana kyA hai? usake hetu kyA haiM? use tor3ane ke upAya kyA haiM? ina sabako jAnane ke bAda hI baMdhana ko tor3ane kI dizA meM puruSArtha kiyA jA sakatA hai| ajJAnI vyakti heya-upAdeya ko jAnatA hI nahIM, baMdhana-mokSa ko jAnatA hI nahIM to vaha use chor3ane aura tor3ane kI dizA meM puruSArtha nahIM kara sktaa| dharma-adharma, naitika-anaitika, zreya-azreya ke bIca bhredarekhA khIMcane vAlA tattva hai- jnyaan| ... bhagavAna mahAvIra ne jJAna para hI bala nahIM diyaa| apitu jJAna ke sAra kI khoja kii| 'NANassa sAramAyAro' jJAna kA sAra AcAra hai| AcAra ke abhAva meM jJAna adhUrA hai| jaisA ki kahA bhI gayA hai-jJAna ke binA AcaraNa paMgu hai aura AcaraNa ke binA jJAna aMdhA hai| vyakti cAhe kitanA hI jJAnI kyoM na ho kintu jaba taka vaha jJAna AcaraNa meM nahIM utaratA taba taka jJAna kI ujjvalatA prakaTa nahIM ho sktii| isalie jaina zAstroM kA yaha udghoSa hai-jJAna kA sAra AcAra hai| baina AcAra kA AdhAra koI bhI kriyA kI jAtI hai to eka prazna upasthita hotA hai ki yaha kriyA kyoM kI jA rahI hai? isakA hetu kyA hai? AdhAra

Page #85
kyA hai? AdhAra kA nizcaya hue binA koI bhI AcAra-saMhitA nahIM bana sktii| jaina AcAra ke AdhArabhUta tattva ye cAra vAda haiM 1. AtmavAda, 2. lokavAda, 3. karmavAda, 4. kriyaavaad| 1. AtmavAda jaina darzana kI AcAra-mImAMsA kA prathama AdhAra hai-aatmaa| AtmA kA traikAlika astitva hai| usakA astitva atIta meM thA, vartamAna meM hai aura bhaviSya meM rhegaa| jise AtmA kA jJAna nahIM hotA vaha jaina AcAra ko bhI samajha nahIM sktaa| jaina darzana ke anusAra AtmA eka amUrta tattva hai| hara vyakti use dekha nahIM paataa| isIlie bahuta sAre vyakti aise hote haiM, jinheM yaha jJAna nahIM hotA ki maiM kauna hU~, isa janma se pUrva maiM kahA~ thA aura yahAM se marakara maiM kahA~ jAU~gA? anAtmavAdiyoM ke anusAra hamArA astitva vartamAna taka hI sImita hai| ataH unakA AcAra kevala vartamAnika hotA hai| vartamAna jIvana, sAmAjika jIvana, sukha-suvidhA se cala sake, usI ko lakSya meM rakhakara unakI AcAra-saMhitA kA nirmANa hotA hai| jahAM AtmA kA traikAlika astitva mAnya hotA hai, vahAM AcAra kI zuddhi para vizeSa bala diyA jAtA hai| AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa kI prApti ke lie unnata AcAra kA pAlana kiyA jAtA hai, ataH AtmA ke traikAlika astitva kI svIkRti unnata AcAra kI pRSThabhUmi hai, AdhArazilA hai| 2. lokavAda . jaina darzana dvaitavAdI darzana hai| vaha AtmA aura pudgala ina do tattvoM ke svataMtra astitva ko svIkAra karatA hai| loka kA artha

Page #86
77 hai-pudgl| lokyate iti lokaH ke anusAra jo dikhAI detA hai, vaha loka hai| pudgala dikhAI detA hai isalie use loka kahA gayA hai| jo AtmA ko jAna letA hai vaha loka (pudgala) ko jAna letA hai| niSkarSa kI bhASA meM AtmA aura pudgala-donoM kA svatantra astitva hai| yadi kevala AtmA hotI to usake saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA koI kAraNa nahIM rahatA aura kevala pudgala hotA to bhI paribhramaNa kA koI kAraNa nahIM rahatA, ataH donoM kA astitva hai| . 3. karmavAda jaina darzana kI AcAra-mImAMsA kA tIsarA AdhAra hai-krmvaad| saMsArI avasthA meM AtmA karma se baddha hai| isI karma ke kAraNa anAdi kAla se bAra-bAra usakA saMsAra meM paribhramaNa ho rahA hai, janma-maraNa ho rahA hai| janma-maraNa kI paramparA se mukta hone ke lie karma se mukta honA Avazyaka hai| 4. kriyAvAda .. AtmA aura karma kA saMbaMdha kriyA (Azrava) ke dvArA hotA hai| jaba taka AtmA meM rAga-dveSajanita prakampana vidyamAna haiM, taba taka usakA karma-paramANuoM ke sAtha saMbaMdha hotA rahatA hai| AcArya mahAprajJa ke anusAra ye cAroM vAda sampUrNa jaina AcArazAstra ke AdhAra haiN| saMsArI avasthA meM AtmA aura karma kA saMbaMdha rahatA hai| saMbaMdha kA kAraNa hai-kriyaa| akriya avasthA meM koI saMbaMdha sthApita nahIM hotaa| jaise-jaise kaSAya kSINa hotA hai, akriyA kI sthiti Ane lagatI hai, AtmA aura karma kA saMbaMdha kSINa hone lagatA hai| pUrNa akriyA kI sthiti Ane para sAre saMbaMdha naSTa ho jAte haiN| AcArazAstra ke nirUpaNa aura pAlana ke pIche mUla uddezya karma- baMdhana se mukta ho AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa ko prApta karanA hai|

Page #87
jaina AcAra-zAstra kI vizeSatAeM . jaina AcAra-zAstra ke puraskartA tIrthakara, sarvajJa, sarvadarzI the| unhoMne jisa AcAra kA pratipAdana kiyA, vaha jitanA pAramArthika thA, utanA hI vyAvahArika bhI thaa| unake AcArazAstra kI nimna vizeSatAe~ jAnane aura AcaraNa karane yogya haiM 1. AcAra-sAdhanA kI kramikatA-jaina AcAra sAdhanA kI pahalI vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM sAdhanA kI kramika avasthAoM kA pratipAdana hai| sAdhanA karane vAle hara sAdhaka kA zarIrabala, manobala, Atmabala, zraddhAbala samAna nahIM hotaa| hara sAdhaka prArambha meM hI sAdhanA ke zikhara para nahIM pahuMca sktaa| isalie bhagavAna mahAvIra ne do prakAra ke AcAra kA pratipAdana kiyA- zrAvakAcAra aura shrmnnaacaar| unhoMne kahA-sAdhaka aNuvratoM ke AcaraNa se apanI sAdhanA prArambha kare aura dhIre-dhIre mahAvratoM kI sAdhanA ke lie prasthAna kre| sAdhutA kI utkRSTa bhUmikA para pahuMcakara vItarAga, kevalajJAnI bane aura anta meM sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya kara apane lakSya mokSa ko prApta kreN| isa prakAra jaina darzana meM caudaha guNasthAna ke rUpa meM sAdhanA kI kramika bhUmikAoM kA pratipAdana huA hai, jisakI kramazaH sAdhanA karate hue sAdhaka sAdhanA ke zikhara para pahuMca sakatA hai| 2. nizcaya aura vyavahAra kA samanvaya-jaina AcAra sAdhanA kI dUsarI mahattvapUrNa vizeSatA yaha hai ki isameM nizcaya aura vyavahAra kA samanvaya hai| isameM sAdhanA kA jo svarUpa batAyA gayA hai, usa sAdhanA ke pIche ekamAtra uddezya hai-karmamukti, kssaaymukti| nizcaya naya kI dRSTi se karmamukti aura kaSAyamukti hI jaina AcAra-sAdhanA kA uddezya hai| isa uddezya kI prApti ke lie vrata, niyama, saMyama Adi kI jo bhI sAdhanA kI jAtI hai, usakA prabhAva vyavahAra jagata meM bhI par3atA hai| ahiMsA, satya Adi vratoM kI sAdhanA karane vAlA tathA saMyamapUrvaka apanA jIvana yApana karane vAlA

Page #88
79 sAdhaka na kevala apanI AtmA kA utthAna karatA hai apitu samAja meM bhI Adarza mAnA jAtA hai| -- 3. Atmaupamya kI bhAvanA - jaina AcArazAstra kI tIsarI virala vizeSatA hai - Atmaupamya dRSTi / saMsAra ke hara prANI ko apanI AtmA ke tulya smjho| jisa prakAra hameM duHkha, kaSTa pasanda nahIM hai, hameM koI duHkha, kaSTa detA hai to acchA nahIM lagatA, usI prakAra saMsAra ke hara prANI ko duHkha aura kaSTa pasanda nahIM haiM, unheM koI duHkha aura kaSTa detA hai to unheM bhI acchA nahIM lgtaa| dasavaikAlika sUtra meM kahA gayA 'attasame mannejja chappikAe' pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu, vanaspati aura trasa - - ina sabhI jIvoM ko apane samAna smjho| jisa sAdhaka meM yaha Atmaupamya dRSTi vikasita ho jAtI hai, vaha apane yA dUsaroM ke svArtha ke lie kisI ko pIr3A nahIM detA / - 4. samabhAva - jaina AcAra zAstra kI cauthI sarvotkRSTa vizeSatA - samabhAva, samatA kI sAdhanA / karmoM ke udaya se sAdhaka ke jIvana meM anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyAM AtI rahatI haiN| kabhI lAbha hotA hai kabhI alAbha, kabhI sukha hotA hai kabhI duHkha, kabhI sammAna hotA hai kabhI apamAna, kintu sAdhaka ina sabhI paristhitiyoM meM samabhAva rakhatA hai, apanA saMtulana nahIM khotA / samabhAva kI sAdhanA se karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai, nae karmoM kA baMdhana nahIM hotaa| - 5. yuga kI samasyAoM kA samAdhAna- - jaina AcArazAstra meM kucha aise zAzvata mUlyoM kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, jo sArvabhaumika aura sArvakAlika haiN| sAtha hI yuga kI samasyAoM kA samAdhAna dene vAle haiN| vartamAna yuga kI tIna bar3I samasyAe~ mAnI jAtI haiM - hiMsA, abhAva aura aagrh| ina tInoM hI samasyAoM kA samAdhAna jaina darzana ke ahiMsA, aparigraha aura anekAnta ke siddhAnta meM khojA jA sakatA hai| * hiMsA kA samAdhAna ahiMsAsamasyA hai - hiMsA / vyakti apane thor3e -Aja ke yuga kI eka bar3I se sukha ke lie dUsaroM kI

Page #89
.80 hiMsA karatA hai, zoSaNa aura anyAyapUrNa vyavahAra karatA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa svayaM karmoM kA baMdhana karatA hai aura samAja ko bhI rugNa banAtA hai| ahiMsA ke dvArA isa samasyA kA samAdhAna kiyA jA sakatA hai| ahiMsA ke sUkSma siddhAnta ko samajhane vAlA tathA ahiMsaka jIvana jIne vAlA na kevala svayaM karmabaMdhana se bacatA hai apitu svastha samAja kA bhI nirmANa karatA hai| * abhAva kA samAdhAna aparigraha-Aja ke yuga kI dUsarI bar3I samasyA hai-abhaav| isa deza meM Adhe se jyAdA loga abhAva kA jIvana jI rahe haiN| unake pAsa khAne ke lie pUrI roTI nahIM hai, pahanane ke lie pUre vastra nahIM haiM aura rahane ke lie makAna nahIM haiN| roTI, kapar3A aura makAna kA abhAva unheM hiMsA, atyAcAra, bhraSTAcAra karane ke, lie majabUra karatA hai| mahAtmA gAMdhI ne kahA thA-pRthvI para itanI sAdhana sAmagrI hai ki vaha pratyeka manuSya kI AvazyakatA ko pUrA kara sakatI hai, kintu usake pAsa itanI sAdhana-sAmagrI nahIM hai ki vaha eka bhI vyakti kI icchAoM ko pUrA kara sake, kyoMki icchAoM kA koI anta nahIM hai| ve kabhI pUrI nahIM hotii| eka ke bAda dUsarI aura dUsarI ke bAda tIsarI icchA paidA hotI rahatI hai| icchAoM para niyaMtraNa karane ke lie icchAparimANavrata-aparigraha vrata kI upayogitA ko nakArA nahIM jA sktaa| icchAoM kA nigraha hote hI, AvazyakatAoM kA alpIkaraNa svayaM hone lagatA hai, jisase abhAva kI samasyA se chuTakArA pAyA jA sakatA hai| * Agraha kA samAdhAna anekAnta-Aja ke yuga kI sabase bar3I samasyA hai-Agraha kI vRtti| hara vyakti apane Apako, apane vicAroM aura dRSTikoNa ko satya mAnane kA Agraha karatA hai tathA dUsaroM ke vicAroM aura dRSTikoNa ko satya nahIM maantaa| isa Agraha ke kAraNa hI kalaha, asAmaMjasya evaM nirapekSa bhAvanA kA vikAsa hotA hai| isa Agraha kI samasyA kA samAdhAna jaina darzana ke anekAnta

Page #90
siddhAnta meM khojA jA sakatA hai| anekAnta kA tAtparya hai vastu ananta dharmAtmaka (svabhAva vAlI) hai| ataH usake eka dharma ko jAnakara use hI sampUrNa satya mAnane kA Agraha mata kro| vaha sampUrNa satya nahIM hai, satyAMza hai| dUsaroM ke vicAra aura dRSTikoNa meM bhI satya ko khojane kA prayAsa kro| isase Agraha kI samasyA ko samAdhAna milatA hai| satya ko jAnane kA avasara prApta hotA hai| isa prakAra jaina AcAra kI sAdhanA jahAM mokSa-prApti kA sAdhana hai, vahIM Aja kI samasyAoM kA samAdhAna dene vAlI bhI hai| . 2. nau tattva 'tattva' tat zabda se banA hai| saMskRta bhASA meM tat zabda sarvanAma hai| sarvanAma zabda sAmAnya artha ke vAcaka hote haiN| tat zabda se bhava artha meM 'tva' pratyaya lagAkara 'tattva' zabda banA hai, jisakA artha hotA hai-usakA bhAva arthAt 'tasya bhAvaH tttvm| vastu ke bhAva yA svabhAva ko tattva kahate haiM, jaise-svarNa kA svarNatva, agni kA agnitva, jIva kA jIvatva svabhAva hai| tattva kyA hai? . jaina darzana ke anusAra tattvoM para yathArtha zraddhA karanA samyam darzana hai tathA tattvoM kI sahI-sahI jAnakArI honA samyak jJAna hai| to sahaja hI jijJAsA hotI hai ki tattva kyA hai? tattva ke lie sat, satva, artha, padArtha, dravya Adi zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai| ye zabda eka-dUsare ke paryAyavAcI haiN| tattva zabda kA prayoga mukhya rUpa se do arthoM meM huA hai| tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai-'utpAdavyayadhauvyayulaM sat, sat dravya lkssnnm'| tattva kA pahalA artha hai jo utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvyayukta hotA hai vaha sat kahalAtA hai tathA jo sat hai vahI dravya, tattva hai| tattva kA dUsarA artha kiyA gayA-'tattvaM pAramArthikaM vastu' arthAt jo paramArtha (mokSa) prApti meM

Page #91
82 sAdhaka yA bAdhaka banatA hai, vaha pAramArthika padArtha tattva hai| isa prakAra jaina darzana meM tattva ko vistAra se samajhAne ke lie do paddhatiyAM kAma meM lI gaI haiM-jAgatika aura aatmik| jahAM jagat ke vivecana kI pramukhatA hai, vahAM dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya, kAla, pudgalAstikAya aura jIvAstikAya- ina cha: tattvoM kI carcA kI jAtI hai aura jahAM Atmatattva kI pramukhatA hai, vahAM jIva, ajIva Adi nau tattvoM kA vivecana kiyA jAtA hai| nau tattva mokSa sAdhanA meM upayogI jJeya padArthoM ko tattva kahA jAtA hai| ve saMkhyA meM nau haiM 1. jIva-jisameM cetanA ho, vaha jIva hai| ... 2. ajIva-jisameM cetanA na ho, vaha ajIva hai| 3. baMdha-AtmA ke sAtha baMdhe hue karma-pudgaloM kA nAma baMdha hai| 4. puNya-zubha rUpa se udaya meM Ane vAle karma-pudgala puNya haiN| 5. pApa-azubha rUpa se udaya meM Ane vAle karma-pudgala pApa 6. Azrava-karmapudgaloM ko grahaNa karane vAlI AtmapravRtti Azrava hai| 7. saMvara-Azrava kA nirodha karane vAlI AtmapariNati saMvara 8. nirjarA-tapasyA Adi ke dvArA karma-vilaya hone se AtmA ____ kI jo AMzika ujjvalatA hotI hai, vaha nirjarA hai|| 9. mokSa-samasta karmoM se mukta ho AtmasvarUpa meM pratiSThita honA mokSa hai|

Page #92
83 nau tattva heya, jJeya, upAdeya ke rUpa meM nau tattvoM ko heya, jJeya aura upAdeya-ina tIna rUpoM meM vibhakta kiyA jA sakatA hai| heya se tAtparya hai-chor3ane yogy| jJeya se tAtparya hai-jAnane yogya aura upAdeya se tAtparya hai-grahaNa karane yogy| nau tattvoM meM jIva, puNya, pApa, baMdha aura Azrava tattva heya haiM kyoMka ye karma-baMdhana ke kAraNa haiN| saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa upAdeya haiM, kyoMki ye karmamukti ke upAya haiN| jJeya nau hI tattva haiM kyoMki nau tattvoM ko jAne binA heya aura upAdeya kA viveka bhI nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| nau tattvoM meM pahalA tattva hai jIva aura antima tattva haimokss| donoM hI jIva haiN| pahalA baddhajIva hai aura dUsarA muktajIva hai| baMdhana se mokSa taka pahuMcane ke lie nau tattvoM ko vistAra se jAnanA Avazyaka hai| jisa prakAra jaba koI rogI kisI prasiddha DaoNkTara ke pAsa jAtA hai to DaoNkTara sarvaprathama yaha jAnane kA prayAsa karatA hai ki usakA roga kyA hai? roga kA nidAna kara lene ke bAda vaha roga ke kAraNoM kI khoja karatA hai? kAraNa kI khoja karane ke bAda roga ko dUra karane ke upAyoM kI khoja karatA hai| roga adhika na bar3he ata: sabase pahale vaha use tatkAla rokane kA prayAsa karatA hai| isake pazcAt usa sthiti kA bhI Akalana karatA hai ki rogamukti ke pazcAt pUrNa svasthatA kA svarUpa kyA hogA? roga, roga ke kAraNa, rogamukti ke upAya tathA rogamukta avasthA ina cAroM tathyoM ko acchI taraha se jAnakara. hI DaoNkTara rogI ke roga kA ilAja karatA hai| usI prakAra du:khoM se yA karma-baMdhana se mukta hone kI icchA rakhane vAle sAdhaka ko bhI cAra tattvoM ko jAnanA Avazyaka hai| pahalA tattva hai-duHkha ko jaannaa| dUsarA tattva hai-duHkha ke kAraNoM ko jaannaa| tIsarA. tattva hai-duHkha se mukta hone ke upAyoM ko jAnanA aura cauthA tattva hai-duHkhamukta avasthA kA anubhava krnaa|

Page #93
84 karmabaMdhana duHkha hai| vaha baMdhana puNya (zubhakarma baMdhana) aura pApa ( azubhakarma baMdhana) ke bheda se do prakAra kA hai| duHkha yA karmabaMdhana kA kAraNa hai - Azrava / duHkha mukti yA karmamukti kA upAya hai - saMvara aura nirjarA / duHkhamukta yA karmamukta avasthA hai- mokss| isa prakAra karmamukti yA duHkhamukti ke lie nau tattvoM ko jAnanA Avazyaka hai| 1. jIva tattva nau tattvoM meM pahalA tattva hai-- jiiv| jaina AgamoM meM jIva ke lie aneka paryAyavAcI zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai; yathA - jIva, prANI, AtmA, prANa, bhUta, sattva, svayaMbhU, karttA Adi / jisameM cetanA tathA sukha-duHkha kA saMvedana hotA hai, use jIva kahA jAtA hai| 'upayoga lakSaNo jIva:' isa paribhASA ke anusAra upayoga jIva kA lakSaNa hai| upayoga se tAtparya hai-- cetanA kA vyApAra / cetanA ke do rUpa haiM - jJAna aura darzana / inake vyApAra ( pravRtti) ko upayoga kahate haiN| jIva tattva ke mukhyataH do bheda kiye gae haiM - saMsArI aura mukt| isa bheda kA AdhAra karmabaMdhana hai| jo jIva karma se baMdhe hue haiM, ve saMsArI jIva kahalAte haiN| jo karmoM se sarvathA mukta ho gae haiM, ve muktajIva haiN| nau tattvoM meM vivecita prathama 'jIva tattva' saMsArI jIva aura navAM 'mokSa tattva' muktajIva hai| karmabaMdhana ke kAraNa hI jIva saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai| saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karane vAle saMsArI jIva bhI punaH do bhAgoM meM vibhakta haiM - trasa aura sthAvara / pRthvI, pAnI, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati - ye ekendriya jIva sthAvara jIva haiN| ye apane sukha ke lie pravRtti aura duHkha se nivRtta hone ke lie eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para gati nahIM kara skte| eka hI sthAna para sthira rahane ke kAraNa inheM sthAvara jIva kahate haiN| sthAvara nAmakarma ke udaya se ye jIva sthAvara banate haiN| manuSya, deva, nAraka, tathA do indriyoM se lekara pAMca indriyoM taka ke tiryaMca jIva -

Page #94
trasa kahalAte haiN| ye apane sukha-duHkha kI pravRtti aura nivRtti ke lie eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para gati kara sakate haiN| trasa nAmakarma ke udaya se ye jIva trasa banate haiN| jaina darzana ke anusAra jIva anAdi-nidhana hai| na inakI Adi hai aura na hI inakA anta hai| ye akSaya aura avinAzI haiN| AtmA ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta Ananda aura ananta zakti sampanna hai| dravya dRSTi se isakA svarUpa tInoM kAloM meM eka jaisA rahatA hai, usameM koI parivartana nahIM hotaa| ataH dravya dRSTi se AtmA nitya hai| paryAya dRSTi se vaha bhinna-bhinna rUpoM meM pariNata hotA rahatA hai ataH paryAya dRSTi se vaha anitya bhI hai| saMsArI avasthA meM AtmA aura zarIra kA saMbaMdha dUdha meM mile pAnI, tila meM sthita tela kI bhAMti eka pratIta hotA hai kintu jisa prakAra dUdha se pAnI, tila se tela alaga hai, usI prakAra AtmA zarIra se alaga hai| karmoM ke kAraNa anAdi kAla se AtmA aura zarIra kA saMbaMdha banA huA hai| prayatna vizeSa se jisa prakAra dUdha aura pAnI ko, -tila aura tela ko alaga-alaga kiyA jA sakatA hai usI prakAra saMvara aura nirjarA ke dvArA anAdi kAla se sthApita AtmA aura zarIra ke saMbaMdha ko tor3A jA sakatA hai| samasta karmoM se mukta ho mokSa ko prApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| - 2. ajIva tattva ajIva tattva jIva kA pratipakSI hai| jahAM jIva tattva sacetana hotA hai vahAM ajIva tattva acetana hotA hai| ajIva tattva ke do bheda haiM-arUpI aura ruupii| jo sparza, rasa, gaMdha, varNa se yukta hotA hai vaha rUpI kahalAtA hai aura jo inase rahita hotA hai vaha arUpI kahalAtA hai| dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, AkAzAstikAya aura kAla-ye cAra arUpI ajIva tattva haiM tathA eka pudgala rUpI ajIva tattva hai| ....... ----

Page #95
86 jaina darzana ke anusAra loka athavA sRSTi kI avadhAraNA ko samajhane ke lie dharmAstikAya Adi chaH tattvoM ko vistAra se samajhanA Avazyaka hotA hai| kintu AtmA ko saMsArI avasthA se mukta karane ke lie kevala pudgala dravya ko samajhanA Avazyaka hotA hai| kyoMki kArmaNa vargaNA ke pudgala hI karma rUpa meM pariNata hokara AtmA ke sAtha cipaka jAte haiM tathA use saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karavAte haiN| ye karma-pudgala hI zubharUpa se udaya meM Ane para puNya aura azubharUpa se udaya meM Ane para pApa kahalAte haiN| jaba taka ye karma-pudgala apanA phala nahIM dete, AtmA ke sAtha cipake rahate haiM, taba taka baMdha kahalAte haiN| jaba taka jIva kA isa ajIva tattva ke sAtha saMbaMdha rahegA taba taka jIva saMsAra se mukta nahIM ho sktaa| ataH saMsAra se, karmoM se athavA duHkhoM se mukti cAhane vAle vyakti ke lie ye Avazyaka hai ki vaha duHkha, duHkha ke kAraNa aura duHkha mukti ke upAyoM ko jaaneN| jAnane ke bAda du:kha ke kAraNoM ko chor3eM tathA duHkhamukti ke upAyoM ko grahaNa kara usakA AcaraNa kare, jisase ki vaha du:khamukta avasthA mokSa ko prApta kara ske| 3. baMdha tattva do padArthoM ke viziSTa saMbaMdha ko baMdha kahate haiN| baMdha kA zAbdika artha hai-judd'naa| jIva aura karmapudgala ke saMbaMdha ko baMdha kahate haiN| baMdha ke do prakAra haiM-dravyabandha aura bhaavbNdh| karma-pudgaloM kA AtmapradezoM ke sAtha saMbaMdha honA dravyabaMdha hai tathA jina rAga-dveSamaya bhAvoM ke kAraNa karmabaMdha hotA hai ve rAga-dveSamaya bhAva bhAvabaMdha haiN| jIva aura karma paraspara virodhI svabhAva vAle padArtha haiM, kintu baMdha avasthA meM ye dUdha meM ghI kI bhAMti ekameka ho jAte haiN| anAdi kAla se AtmA aura karma kA saMbaMdha calA A rahA hai| isI saMbaMdha ke kAraNa vaha saMsAra meM anAdi kAla se paribhramaNa kara rahA hai| yaha baMdhana hI duHkha hai|

Page #96
87 AcArya umAsvAti ne puNya aura pApa ko baMdha kA hI bheda svIkAra kara tattva sAta mAne haiN| inheM alaga mAnane para tattvoM kI saMkhyA nau ho jAtI hai| 4. puNya tattva karma baMdhana do prakAra kA hotA hai-zubha baMdhana aura azubha bNdhn| jaba zubha karmoM kA udaya hotA hai to unheM puNya kahA jAtA hai aura jaba azubha karmoM kA udaya hotA hai to unheM pApa kahA jAtA hai| kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra karane para jina-jina kAraNoM se zubha karma kA baMdhana hotA hai, una kAraNoM ko bhI puNya kaha diyA jAtA . puNya ke prakAra puNya kA baMdhana nau kAraNoM se hotA hai ataH puNya ke nau prakAra ___1. anna puNya-saMyamI puruSa ko diye jAne vAle anna dAna ke nimitta se hone vAlA zubhakarma anna puNya hai| 2. pAna puNya-saMyamI puruSa ko diye jAne vAle pAnaka-jala Adi ke nimitta se hone vAlA zubhakarma pAna puNya hai| 3. layana puNya-saMyamI puruSa ko diye jAne vAle makAna ke nimitta se hone vAlA zubhakarma laMyana puNya hai| . 4. zayana puNya-saMyamI puruSa ko diye jAne vAle pATa-bAjoTa Adi ke nimitta se hone vAlA zubhakarma zayana puNya hai| 5. vastra puNya-saMyamI puruSa ko diye jAne vAle vastra ke nimitta se hone vAlA zubhakarma vastra puNya hai| 6. mana puNya-mana kI zubha pravRtti se hone vAlA zubhakarma .... .. mana puNya hai|

Page #97
RR 7. vacana puNya-vacana kI - zubha pravRtti se hone vAlA zubhakarma vacana puNya hai| 8. kAya puNya-zarIra kI zubha pravRtti se hone vAlA zubhakarma kAya puNya hai| 9. namaskAra puNya--paMca parameSThI ko kie jAne vAle namaskAra ke nimitta se hone vAlA zubhakarma namaskAra puNya 5. pApa tattva puNya kA pratipakSI tattva pApa hai| azubha rUpa meM baMdhe hue karma jaba udaya meM Ate haiM to unheM pApa kahA jAtA hai| kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra hone se jina-jina kAraNoM se azubha karma kA baMdhana hotA. hai, una kAraNoM ko bhI pApa kaha diyA jAtA hai| . . pApa ke prakAra pApa ke aThAraha prakAra haiM. 1. prANAtipAta pApa-yaha prANa-vadha mUlaka azubha pravRtti se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 2. mRSAvAda-yaha asatya-vacana rUpa azubha pravRtti se baMdhane vAlA. pApakarma hai| 3. adattAdAna-yaha adatta vastu ke grahaNa rUpa azubha pravRtti se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 4. maithuna-yaha abrahmacarya ke sevana se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma ___5. parigraha - yaha vastu-saMgraha yA mamatva rUpa azubha pravRtti se . baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai|

Page #98
6. krodha-yaha uttejanA se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 7. mAna-yaha abhimAna se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 8. mAyA- yaha dhokhAdhar3I, vaMcanA Adi karane se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 9. lobha-yaha lAlasA se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 10. rAga-yaha rAgAtmaka pravRtti se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 11. dveSa-yaha dveSAtmaka pravRtti se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 12. kalaha-yaha jhagar3AlU vRtti se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 13. abhyAkhyAna- yaha mithyA doSAropaNa karane vAlI pravRtti se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 14. paizunya- yaha cugalI karane kI pravRtti se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 15. paraparivAda-yaha para-nindAmUlaka pravRtti se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 16. rati-arati- yaha asaMyama meM ruci aura saMyama meM aruci ke nimitta se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 17. mAyA-mRSA- yaha chalanApUrvaka asatya-saMbhASaNa kI pravRtti se baMdhane vAlA pApakarma hai| 18. mithyAdarzanazalya- yaha viparIta zraddhA se baMdhane vAlA __pApakarma hai| 6. Azrava tattva AtmA aura karma kA saMbaMdha anAdi-kAlIna hai| saMbaMdha kA mUla kAraNa Azrava hai| Azrava ke dvArA karmoM kA AkarSaNa hotA hai aura . karmoM ke kAraNa AtmA anAdikAla se saMsAra meM paribhramaNa kara rahI.

Page #99
90 hai| saMsAra se mukti cAhane vAle sAdhaka ke lie karmabaMdhana ke kAraNa Azrava ko jAnanA aura phira ise chor3anA Avazyaka hai| karmAkarSaNaheturAtmapariNAmaH AzravaH-jisa pariNAma se AtmA meM karmoM kA AzravaNa-praveza hotA hai, use Azrava kahA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra chidrayukta naukA ke samudra meM sthita hone para una chidroM se naukA meM jala bharatA rahatA hai aura vaha naukA samudra meM DUba jAtI hai usI prakAra mithyAtva, avrata Adi AzravachidroM dvArA AtmArUpI nAva meM karmarUpI pAnI kA praveza hotA rahatA hai aura vaha karmayukta AtmA saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatI rahatI hai| Azrava ke prakAra Azrava ke pAMca prakAra haiM- mithyAtva, avrata, pramAda, kaSAya aura yog| ye pAMcoM karma Ane ke dvAra haiN| jisa prakAra daravAjA khulA hone para koI bhI andara praveza kara sakatA hai, acche vyakti bhI praveza kara sakate haiM, bure vyakti bhI praveza kara sakate haiN| usI prakAra Azrava dvAra se zubha aura azubha donoM prakAra ke karma praveza kara sakate haiN| ye Azrava dvAra pAMca haiN| ye pAMcoM karma baMdhana ke kAraNa hone se sAdhanA meM bAdhaka tattva haiN| . 1. mithyAtva Azrava-viparIta tattva zraddhA kA nAma mithyAtva hai| yaha jIva kI dRSTi ko vikRta kara detA hai, jisake kAraNa vyakti sahI ko galata aura galata ko sahI samajhatA hai, jaise-dharma ko adharma samajhatA hai aura adharma ko dharma samajhatA hai| 2. avrata Azrava-atyAga bhAva kA nAma avrata hai| isake kAraNa jIva hiMsA Adi pApakArI pravRttiyoM kA tyAga nahIM kara paataa| 3. pramAda Azrava-adhyAtma ke prati hone vAle Antarika anutsAha kA nAma pramAda hai|

Page #100
91 4. kaSAya Azrava-Atma-pradezoM meM krodha Adi cAra kaSAyoM kI utpatti kA nAma kaSAya Azrava hai| 5. yoga Azrava-yoga kA artha hai-prvRtti| mana, vacana aura zarIra kI zubha-azubha pravRtti rUpa AtmapariNati kA nAma yoga Azrava hai| jahAM pravRtti hai, vahAM baMdhana hai| azubha pravRtti se azubha karma baMdhana aura zubha pravRtti se zubha karmabaMdhana hotA hai| jaba taka ina pAMcoM AzravoM kA nirodha nahIM hotA, taba taka vyakti baMdhana se mukti kI dizA meM prasthAna nahIM kara sktaa| 7. saMvara _ 'AzravanirodhaH saMvaraH' Azrava kA nirodha saMvara hai| Azrava karma Ane kA dvAra hai aura usa dvAra ko baMda kara denA saMvara hai| saMvara Azrava kA virodhI tattva hai| yaha Ate hue karmoM ko rokatA hai| jisa prakAra makAna ke daravAje, khir3akiyAM khulI hotI haiM to makAna meM havA ke sAtha-sAtha dhUla Adi kacarA bhI praveza kara jAtA hai kintu daravAje, khir3akiyoM ko baMda kara dene para dhUla Adi kacarA bhItara praveza nahIM krtaa| usI prakAra jo sAdhaka karma-baMdhana se mukti cAhatA hai, vaha pahale saMvara kI sAdhanA kre| saMvara ke bAda nirjarA ke dvArA pUrvasaMcita karmoM kI saphAI kare tAki AtmA karma-malarahita ho zuddha aura svaccha bana ske| . saMvara ke prakAra jisa prakAra AMdhI Ane para pahale daravAje baMda kara diye jAte haiM aura phira kacare kI saphAI kI jAtI hai| usI prakAra Atmazodhana ke lie pahale AzravarUpI dvAra ko baMda kiyA jAtA hai| Azrava dvAra pAMca haiM-mithyAtva, avrata, pramAda, kaSAya aura yog| saMvara ke pAMca prakAra haiM- jo ina pAMca dvAroM kA kramazaH nirodha karate

Page #101
92 haiN| ve haiM- 1. samyaktva saMvara, 2. vrata saMvara, 3. apramAda saMvara, 4. akaSAya saMvara, 5. ayoga sNvr| 1. samyaktva saMvara-yathArtha tattva zraddhA kA nAma samyaktva hai| jIva-ajIva Adi nau tattvoM ke bAre meM sahI zraddhA kA honA aura viparIta zraddhA kA tyAga karanA samyaktva saMvara hai| 2. vrata saMvara-yaha avrata kA pratipakSI tattva hai| isake do rUpa haiM-dezavrata aura srvvrt| pApakArI vRttiyoM kA AMzika tyAga dezavrata saMyama hai aura inakA jIvana bhara ke lie sampUrNa rUpa se tyAga sarvavrata saMvara hai| ... 3. apramAda saMvara-adhyAtma ke prati hone vAlI sampUrNa jAgarUkatA kA nAma apramAda saMvara hai| 4. akaSAya saMvara-krodha Adi kaSAya ko sarvathA kSINa kara denA akaSAya saMvara hai| 5. ayoga saMvara-yoga kA artha hai-prvRtti| pravRtti do prakAra kI hotI hai-zubha aura ashubh| azubha pravRtti kA sampUrNa nirodha karanA vrata saMvara hai aura azubha ke sAtha zubha pravRtti kA bhI sampUrNa nirodha karanA ayoga saMvara hai| ayoga saMvara kI sthiti meM pahuMcane ke tatkAla bAda jIva mukta ho jAtA hai| 8. nirjarA saMvara ke dvArA karmoM kA Agamana ruka jAtA hai arthAt naye karmoM kA baMdhana nahIM hotA hai, kintu pUrva saMcita karmoM kI sattA banI rahatI hai| pUrva saMcita karmoM kA kSaya tapasyA ke dvArA hotA hai| tapasyA ke dvArA karmoM kA kSaya hone para AtmA kI jo ujjvalatA hotI hai, vaha nirjarA hai| isa paribhASA ke anusAra tapasyA. nirjarA kA kAraNa hai| kAraNa meM kArya kA upacAra karane se tapasyA ko bhI nirjarA kahA jAtA hai| karma kA pUrNa vilaya mokSa hai tathA AMzika vilaya nirjarA

Page #102
93 hai| donoM meM mAtrA bheda hai, svarUpa bheda nhiiN| jaise jala kI eka bUMda samudra kA hI aMza hai, vaise hI nirjarA bhI mokSa kA aMza hai| aMtara itanA hI hai ki mokSa meM karma kA sampUrNa vilaya hotA hai aura nirjarA meM karma kA AMzika vilaya hotA hai| nirjarA ke bheda - sthAnAMga sUtra meM 'egA NijjarA' nirjarA eka hai, aisA sAmAnya kI apekSA kathana kiyA gayA hai, kintu jaise eka hI svarUpa vAlI agni kASTha, pASANa, gomaya, tRNAdi rUpa kAraNoM ke bheda se aneka prakAra kI kahI jAtI hai, vaise hI tapasyA ke bAraha bheda hone se nirjarA bhI bAraha prakAra kI kahI gaI hai| parantu svarUpa kI dRSTi se vaha eka hI prakAra kI hai| tapa ke bAraha prakAra ko mukhya rUpa se do bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA gayA hai 1. bAhya tapa, 2. Abhyantara tp| bAjha tapa bAhya tapa vaha hai, jisameM zArIrika kriyA kI pradhAnatA hai tathA jo bAhya dravyoM kI apekSA sahita hone se dRSTigocara hote haiN| isameM mukhyataH deha se saMbaMdhita vikAra dUra hote haiN| bAhya tapa ke chaH prakAra haiM-1. anazana, 2. UnodarI, 3. bhikSAcarI, 4. rasaparityAga, 5. kAyakleza, 6. prtisNliintaa| Abhyantara tapa .. Abhyantara tapa vaha hai, jisameM mAnasika vRttiyoM kI pradhAnatA rahatI hai tathA isameM prAyaH bAhya dravyoM kI apekSA nahIM rhtii| isameM anta:karaNa meM sthita kAmanAe~, vAsanAe~, vikAra Adi dUra hote haiN| Abhyantara tapa ke bhI chaH-prakAra haiM-1. prAyazcitta, 2. vinaya, 3.. vaiyAvRtya, 4. svAdhyAya, 5. dhyAna aura 6. vyutsrg|

Page #103
.94 1. anazana azana kA artha hai-aahaar| AhAra kA tyAga karanA anazana kahalAtA hai| karmoM kA kSaya karane ke lie soddezya AhAra kA tyAga karanA anazana hai| AhAra ke abhAva meM bhUkhA rahanA anazana nahIM hai| anazana do prakAra kA hotA hai-1. itvarika anazana aura 2. yAvatkathika anshn| itvarika anazana-itvarika anazana eka nizcita kAla ke lie hotA hai| vaha kama se kama eka dina-rAtri kA bhI ho sakatA hai aura utkRSTa chaH mahIne kA bhI ho sakatA hai| yAvatkathika-jIvana bhara ke lie AhAra kA tyAga karanA yAvatkathika anazana hai| ise saMthArA bhI kahA jAtA hai| 2. UnodarI ___ hara vyakti anazana-upavAsa nahIM kara sktaa| jo upavAsa Adi nahIM kara sakatA vaha apane karmoM kA zodhana kaise kare? usake lie tapa kA dUsarA prakAra UnodarI batAyA gyaa| Una kA artha hai-kama aura udara kA artha hai- pett| peTa meM jitanI bhUkha hai, usase kama khAnA UnodarI hai| upavAsa ko chor3akara navakArasI, prahara, ekAsana Adi kA samAveza bhI UnodarI meM hI ho jAtA hai| UnodarI ke do bheda haiM-dravya UnodarI aura bhAva uunodrii| 1. dravya UnodarI-bhojana, vastra, pAtra Adi jitane bhI upakaraNa kAma meM lie jAte haiM, unameM kamI karanA dravya UnodarI hai| jaise- pratidina do roTI khAte haiM to usameM se jitanA saMbhava ho sake kama khaanaa| jitane vastra, pAtra Adi kAma meM lete haiM, unase kama kA upayoga karanA dravya UnodarI hai| 2. bhAva nodarI-kaSAya ko kama karanA bhAva UnodarI hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha Adi ko kama karanA bhAva UnodarI hai| jaise

Page #104
95 pratidina dasa bAra krodha karate haiM to yaha saMkalpa karanA Aja pAMca yA tIna bAra se jyAdA krodha nahIM kruuNgaa| 3. bhikSAcarI ___ bAhya tapa kA tIsarA bheda hai-bhikssaacrii| bhikSAcarI kA tAtparya hai vividha prakAra ke abhigraha-saMkalpa karake AhAra kI gaveSaNA krnaa| jaise bhikSA ke lie jAte samaya yaha saMkalpa karanA ki Aja bhikSA meM yadi amuka padArtha upalabdha huA, tabhI bhikSA lUMgA anyathA bhikSA grahaNa nahIM kruuNgaa| jisa prakAra bhikSA ke lie jAte samaya bhagavAna mahAvIra ne teraha abhigraha-saMkalpa kie| jaba taka ve teraha saMkalpa eka sAtha pUre nahIM hue taba taka unhoMne bhikSA grahaNa nahIM kii| bhikSAcarI kA dUsarA nAma vRttisaMkhyAna tapa bhI hai| 4. rasa-parityAga __ AhAra kA tyAga karanA hI tapa nahIM apitu khAte-pIte bhI tapa kiyA jA sakatA hai| rasa kA artha hai-prIti bar3hAne vaalaa| 'rasaM prItivivardhanam' jisase bhojana meM prIti utpanna ho use rasa kahate haiN| khAdya padArthoM meM rasIle, pauSTika evaM caTapaTe padArthoM kA tyAga karanA rasaparityAga hai| isameM mukhya rUpa se dUdha, dahI, ghI, tela, zakkara, kar3hAI vigaya-miThAI, namakIna Adi ina cha: vigaya kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai kyoMki ghI, dUdha, dahI Adi pauSTika AhAra kA adhika mAtrA meM sevana karane para ye mana meM vikAra paidA karate haiN| 5. kAyakleza bAhya tapa ke prathama cAra bheda AhAra se saMbaMdhita haiM aura pAMcavAM bheda zarIra se saMbaMdhita hai| kAyakleza kA artha zarIra ko kaSTa denA nahIM hai kintu bhUkha-pyAsa, sardI-garmI Adi se utpanna zArIrika kaSTa ko samabhAva se sahana karanA hai| aneka prakAra ke AsanoM se zarIra ko sAdhane kA nAma kAyakleza hai| AsanoM ke abhyAsa se vyakti rA

Page #105
96 sardI-garmI, sukha-duHkha, bhUkha-pyAsa Adi dvandvoM ko samabhAva se sahana karane kI kSamatA arjita kara letA hai| 6. pratisaMlInatA indriya, mana Adi kI bahirmukhI pravRtti ko vahAM se haTAkara antarmukhI banAne kA nAma pratisalInatA hai| pratisaMlInatA ke cAra prakAra ___ 1. indriya pratisaMlInatA-pAMcoM indriyoM ke viSaya-bhogoM kA nirodha karanA tathA indriyoM se prApta padArthoM meM rAga-dveSa na karanA indriya pratisaMlInatA hai| 2. kaSAya pratisaMlInatA-krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha-ina cAra kaSAyoM ke udaya kA nirodha krnaa| yadi rokate hue bhI inakA udaya ho jAye to kSamA Adi Alambana se use niSphala karanA kaSAya pratisaMlInatA hai| 3. yoga pratisaMlInatA-mana, vacana, kAyA kI azubha pravRtti ko rokanA tathA unheM zubha pravRtti meM lagAnA yoga pratisaMlInatA hai| 4. viviktazayyAsana-strI, pazu, napuMsaka Adi se rahita nirjana, ekAnta, zAnta sthAna para rahanA vivikta zayyAsana hai| isa prakAra anazana se lekara pratisaMlInatA taka ke bAhya tapa kramazaH bhogoM ko ghaTAte hue pUrNa saMyamI banane kI sAdhanA hai| saMyamI sAdhaka meM hI antarmukhI hone kI pAtratA tathA Abhyantara tapa karane kI yogyatA AtI hai| ataH Abhyantara tapa ke lie bAhya tapa Avazyaka hai| 7. prAyazcitta doSa kI vizuddhi ke lie jo prayatna kiyA jAtA hai, vaha prAyazcitta hai| prAyazcitta meM do zabdoM kA yoga hai-prAyaH aura

Page #106
97 citt| prAyaH kA artha hai-pApa aura citta kA artha hai usa pApa kA vizodhana karanA arthAt pApa ko zuddha karane kI kriyA. kA nAma prAyazcitta hai| isa prakAra doSoM se mukta hone kI, Atmazuddhi kI prakriyA ko prAyazcitta kahA gayA hai| 8. vinaya vinaya kI vyutpatti karate hue kahA gayA hai-'vinIyate aSTaprakAraM karmAneneti vinayaH' jisase ATha prakAra ke karma dUra kiye jAte haiM, vaha vinaya hai| isakA pravRttijanya artha hai-guNIjanoM aura zreSThajanoM ke prati yathocita sammAnapUrNa vyavahAra karanA, unako hAtha jor3anA, unake Ane para khar3A honA, Asana denA aadi| isa prakAra vinaya. ke do artha haiM-karmoM kA apanayana karanA aura guNIjanoM, bar3oM kA bahumAna karanA, unakI AzAtanA na krnaa| AzAtanA arthAt asad vyvhaar| AzAtanA kA abhAva aura bahumAna kA bhAva, yaha vinaya kI paribhASA hai| isase jJAna, darzana aura cAritra kI vizeSa nirmalatA hotI hai tathA mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pavitratA sadhatI 1. vaiyAvRttya vaiyAvRttya kA sIdhA-sA artha hai-sevA krnaa| sahayoga kI bhAvanA se sevA-kArya meM jur3anA vaiyAvRttya tapa kahalAtA hai| isa tapa kI ArAdhanA karane vAlA AcArya, upAdhyAya, tapasvI, rogI, navadIkSita Adi kI apekSAoM ko samajhakara sevAbhAvanA kI preraNA se unakA sahayogI banatA hai| pUrNa AtmArthI bhAva kA vikAsa hone para hI vaiyAvRttya kiyA jA sakatA hai| 10. svAdhyAya . sadzAstroM ke adhyayana kA nAma svAdhyAya hai| isakA dUsarA artha hai-sva kA adhyayana karanA arthAt AtmaciMtana-manana karanA

Page #107
98 svAdhyAya hai| yaha AtmalInatA kI sthiti meM hI ho sakatA hai| adhyetA ko AtmA se haTAkara padArtha jagat kI ora dhakelane vAlA adhyayana svAdhyAya kI koTi meM nahIM A sktaa| svAdhyAya ke pAMca prakAra haiM 1. vAcanA-zAstroM ko par3hanA, pddh'aanaa| 2. pRcchanA-zaMkA nivAraNa ke lie prazna krnaa| 3. parivartanA-sIkhe hue jJAna kA punarAvartana krnaa| 4. anuprekSA- artha kA cintana krnaa| 5. dharmakathA-dharmakathA krnaa| 11. dhyAna mana kI ekAgra avasthA kA nAma dhyAna hai| dhyAna prazasta aura aprazasta donoM prakAra kA hotA hai| ArttadhyAna aura raudradhyAna aprazasta dhyAna hai| dharmadhyAna aura zukladhyAna prazasta dhyAna hai| zubha aura pavitra Alambana para ekAgra honA prazasta dhyAna hai| azubha aura apavitra Alambana para ekAgra honA aprazasta dhyAna hai| jisa prakAra ruI ko dhunane se usake tAra-tAra bikhara jAte haiN| ruI kI saghanatA miTa jAtI hai| una tAroM meM bala evaM mala nahIM rhtaa| usI prakAra dhyAna sAdhanA ke dvArA saghana karma khaMDa-khaMDa hokara bikhara jAte haiN| karmoM kI saghanatA miTa jAtI hai| AtmA nirmala aura pavitra banatI hai| 12. vyutsarga-kAyotsarga __ vyutsarga meM do zabda haiM-vi aura utsrg| vi kA artha hai viziSTa aura utsarga kA artha hai-tyAga, chodd'naa| tyAga karane kI viziSTa vidhi vyutsarga hai| yaha tyAga apane zarIra kA ho sakatA hai, vastra, pAtra Adi upakaraNoM kA bhI ho sakatA hai aura bhojana

Page #108
99 pAnI kA bhI ho sakatA hai| zarIra vyutsarga kA nAma kAyotsarga hai| jisameM anAsakti aura nirlobhatA hotI hai vahI vyutsarga tapa kI saccI ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai| isa prakAra bAhya aura Abhyantara tapa kI ArAdhanA se karmoM kI mahAna nirjarA hotI hai| tapa nirjarA kA kAraNa hai, isalie tapa ke bAraha bhedoM ko hI nirjarA ke bAraha bheda ke rUpa meM ginAyA gayA hai| tapa aura nirjarA meM kAraNa-kAryabhAva saMbaMdha hai| tapa kAraNa hai aura nirjarA kArya hai| kAraNa kArya meM abheda mAnakara tapa ke bAraha bhedoM ko hI nirjarA ke bAraha bheda batAye gaye haiN| 9. moMkSa nau tattva meM aMtima tattva hai - mokss| isa mokSa tattva ko prApta karanA hI pratyeka prANI kA carama aura parama lakSya hai| sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya hone para AtmA kA apane svarUpa meM avasthita honA mokSa hai| tattvArthasUtra meM mokSa ko paribhASita karate hue kahA gayA hai - ' kRtsnakarmakSayo mokSaH' sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya hI mokSa hai| sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya usI avasthA meM ho sakatA hai, jaba navIna karmoM ke bandha ko sarvathA roka diyA jAe tathA pUrvabaddha karmoM kI pUrI taraha nirjarA kara dI jaaye| jaba taka navIna karma Ate raheMge taba taka karma kA sampUrNa kSaya nahIM ho sakatA / saMvara ke dvArA navIna karmoM ke Agamana ko rokA jAtA hai aura nirjarA ke dvArA pUrvabaddha karmoM kA kSaya-nAza kiyA jAtA hai| isa prakAra saMvara aura nirjarA ke dvArA sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai tathA sampUrNa karmoM kA kSaya hone para mokSa prApta hotA hai| mokSa AtmA kI usa vizuddha sthiti kA nAma hai jahAM AtmA karmoM ke mala se sarvathA rahita amala aura dhavala ho jAtI hai| mukta AtmAe~ jahAM rahatI haiM, usa sthAna ko bhI upacAra se mokSa kahA jAtA hai| kintu vaha mokSa tattva nahIM hai| mokSa tattva se sirpha mukta - AtmAoM kA hI grahaNa hotA hai|

Page #109
100 isa prakAra samasta duHkhoM se chuTakArA cAhane vAle vyakti ko ina nau tattvoM ko jAnanA caahie| jAnane ke bAda Azrava, puNya, pApa, baMdha ko mokSamArga meM bAdhaka mAnakara unheM chor3anA caahie| saMvara aura nirjarA ko mokSamArga kA sAdhaka mAnakara unakA abhyAsa karanA caahie| 3. ratnatraya jaina darzana ke anusAra manuSya kA sAdhya hai-mokSa ko prApti yA aatmoplbdhi| AtmA kA svarUpa hai-jJAna, samyaktva aura viitraagtaa| jaba taka samyaktva vikRta, jJAna AvRtta aura vItarAgatA aprakaTita hotI hai taba taka hara vyakti ke lie apanI AtmA sAdhya hotI hai aura jaba samyaktva mala rahita, jJAna anAvRtta aura vItarAgatA prakaTa hotI hai taba vaha svayaM siddha ho jAtI hai| sAdhya kI siddhi ke lie jina hetuoM kA Alambana liyA jAtA hai, unheM sAdhana aura unake abhyAsa krama ko sAdhanA kahA jAtA hai| AcArya umAsvAti ne tattvArthasUtra meM mokSa ke tIna mArga batAe haiM-samyakdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokssmaargH| 1. samyak darzana, 2. samyak jJAna, 3. samyak caaritr| ye tInoM triratna kahalAte haiN| loka meM ratnoM kI taraha durlabha hone ke kAraNa inheM triratna athavA ratnatraya kahA jAtA hai| ina tInoM ke yoga se mokSamArga banatA hai| pRthak-pRthak tInoM se mokSa-mArga nahIM bntaa| jisa prakAra bImArI ko dUra karane ke lie vyakti davA letA hai kintu vaha davA use tabhI svastha banA sakatI hai jaba vaha lI jAne vAlI davA kI kSamatA meM zraddhA, davA ko lene kI vidhi kA jJAna tathA samaya para davA kA sevana karatA hai| tInoM meM se eka ke bhI

Page #110
101 abhAva meM vaha svastha nahIM bana sakatA, usI prakAra mokSa prApti ke lie bhI tInoM kA yoga Avazyaka hai| yadi vyakti meM dharma ke prati zraddhA to bahuta hai para dharma kA sahI jJAna aura usakA AcaraNa nahIM hai to mokSa nahIM miltaa| dharma para zraddhA tathA usakA sahI jJAna hone para bhI yadi usakA AcaraNa nahIM hai to bhI mokSa nahIM miltaa| zraddhA aura jJAna ke sAtha-sAtha jaba usakA AcaraNa bhI hotA hai to mokSa-mArga banatA hai| jaina darzana meM kevala zraddhA, kevala jJAna yA kevala cAritra ko mahattva nahIM diyA gayA apitu mokSa-prApti ke lie tInoM kI samanviti ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| 1. samyak darzana parama puruSArtha mokSa ko pAne ke tIna sAdhana batalAe gae haiN| unameM pahalA hai-samyag drshn| jaina darzana meM samyaga darzana kA bar3A mahattva hai| uttarAdhyayana meM kahA hai-darzana vihIna vyakti ke jJAna nahIM hotaa| jJAna ke binA cAritra nahIM hotA aura cAritra ke binA mokSa nahIM hotaa| darzana sampanna vyakti bhava paramparA kA anta pA letA hai| satya ke prati yathArtha dRSTikoNa, tattva jijJAsA evaM satya prApti ke yogya anta:karaNa kI pavitratA kA honA hI samyag darzana hai| tattvArthasUtra meM kahA gayA hai-'tattvArtha zraddhAnaM samyag darzanam' tattva ke prati sahI zraddhA kA honA samyak darzana hai| isa samyak darzana kI prApti do prakAra se hotI hai-nisargaja aura nimittj| jo kisI ke upadeza se, bhagavAna kI pratimA Adi ke darzana se yA kisI ghaTanA vizeSa ke nimitta se hotA hai, use nimittaja samyak darzana kahate haiN| jo upadeza Adi ke nimitta ke binA svataH hI Antarika zuddhi se prApta hotA hai, use nisargaja samyak darzana kahate haiN| nizcaya dRSTi se kauna samyak dRSTi hai yA nahIM, pahacAna kara pAnA kaThina hai| kintu vyavahAra meM isakI pahacAna ke lie pAMca lakSaNa batAye gae haiM 1. zama-jisakA kaSAya upazAnta hotA hai| . .

Page #111
102 2. saMvega - jisameM mokSa prApta karane kI icchA hotI hai| 3. nirveda - jisameM saMsAra ke prati anAsakti hotI hai| 4. anukampA - jisameM prANI mAtra ke prati karuNA kA bhAva hotA hai| 5. Astikya - jisameM satya ke prati niSThA hotI hai| AtmA, karma, punarjanma, mokSa Adi ke astitva meM vizvAsa hotA hai| jinameM ye pAMca lakSaNa pAye jAte haiM, ve samyak dRSTi hote haiN| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ne saMghabaddha sAdhanA kA prANa saMgaThana aura saMgaThana kA prANa samyaktva ko batAyA / bhagavAn mahAvIra ne isa dRSTi ko vizeSa poSaNa dete hue navIna aSTAMga vyavasthA kii| samyak darzana kI sAdhanA ke ATha aMga haiM 1. niHzaMkita - samyak dRSTi vAlA vyakti vItarAga sarvajJa bhagavAna ke vacanoM meM saMzaya nahIM karatA / 2. niSkAMkSita - samyak dRSTi vAlA vyakti ekAnta dRSTi vAle darzanoM ko svIkAra karane kI icchA nahIM krtaa| dharmAcaraNa ke dvArA bhautika sukha-samRddhi pAne kI icchA nahIM krtaa| 3. nirvicikitsA - samyakadRSTi vAlA vyakti dharma ke phala meM saMdeha nahIM karatA ki maiM jo dharma kA AcaraNa kara rahA. hU~, usakA phala milegA yA nahIM / 4. amUDhadRSTi - samyakadRSTiM vAlA vyakti ekAntavAdI tIrthikoM ke vaibhava ko dekhakara unameM mUr3ha nahIM banatA / 5. upabRMhaNa - samyakadRSTi vAlA vyakti apane samyak darzana ko aura adhika dRr3ha aura puSTa banAtA hai| pramAdavaza hue doSoM kA pracAra nahIM karatA aura apane guNoM kA gopana nahIM krtaa|

Page #112
103 6. sthirIkaraNa-samyakdRSTi vAlA vyakti dharmamArga yA nyAyamArga se vicalita hone vAle vyaktiyoM ko punaH dharmamArga aura nyAyamArga meM sthira karatA hai| 7. vAtsalya-samyakdRSTi vAlA vyakti apane sAdharmika baMdhuoM ke prati vAtsalyabhAva rakhatA hai| 8. prabhAvanA-samyakadRSTi vyakti jinazAsana kI mahimA bar3hAtA hai aura usakI prabhAvanA meM nimitta banatA hai| ina ATha meM prathama cAra aMga vaiyaktika sAdhanA ke poSaka haiM aura zeSa cAra saMghIya vyavasthA ke poSaka haiN| 2. samyak jJAna bhagavAna mahAvIra kI sAdhanA paddhati kA kendrIya zabda hai-upyog| upayoga kA artha hai-svayaM meM honA, vartamAna meM honaa| jaba hama upayoga meM hote haiM taba astitva anAvRtta hotA hai| jIvana meM jo bhI mUlyavAna upalabdhiyAM hotI haiM, ve saba jJAnopayoga meM hotI haiN| jar3a padArthoM ko hama buddhi se jAna sakate haiM para cetanA ko nahIM jAna skte| mahAvIra jJAnopayogI the| unhoMne jJAna kI pavitratA se hI caritra kI pavitratA ko svIkArA aura kahA-pahale jAno, phira kro| jJAna sampanna jIva saMsAra meM vinaSTa nahIM hotaa| jisa prakAra dhAge se piroI suI girane para bhI guma nahIM hotI, usI prakAra jJAnayukta jIva saMsAra meM vilupta nahIM hotaa| samyaga jJAna 'maiM kauna hU~?' isa jijJAsA se prArambha hotA hai aura astitva meM laya hone ke sAtha samApta hotA jo jJAna saMzaya, viparyaya aura anadhyavasAya se rahita, yathArtha padArtha kA jJAtA evaM sva-para prakAzaka hai, vahI samyaga jJAna hai| jJAna ke pAMca prakAra haiM

Page #113
104 1. matijJAna-indriya aura mana kI sahAyatA se hone vAle jJAna ko matijJAna kahate haiN| . 2. zrutajJAna-dravyazruta ke anusAra dUsaroM ko samajhAne meM samartha jJAna ko zrutajJAna kahA jAtA hai| ... 3. avadhijJAna-mana aura indriyoM kI apekSA na rakhate hue sAkSAt AtmA ke dvArA sAkSAt padArtha kA jJAna karanA avadhijJAna hai| yaha rUpI padArthoM ko hI apane jJAna kA viSaya banAtA hai| ___4. manaHparyavajJAna-saMjJI jIvoM ke manogata bhAvoM ko (mana ke paryAyoM ko) jAnane vAle jJAna ko manaHparyavajJAna kahate haiN| ___5. kevalajJAna-jJAnAvaraNa karma kA niHzeSa rUpa se kSaya ho jAne para jisake dvArA bhUta, vartamAna aura bhAvI kAlika saba vastue~ (samasta paryAyoM sahita) yugapat arthAt eka sAtha jAnI jAtI haiM, use kevalajJAna kahate haiN| svAdhyAya bhI jJAna kA hI eka aMga hai| svAdhyAya ke pA~ca prakAra haiN| ve jJAna-sAdhanA ke pA~ca upAya haiM 1. vAcanA-zruta kA adhyayana, adhyApana krnaa| 2. pRcchanA-ajJAta viSaya kI jAnakArI yA jJAta viSaya kI vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie prazna krnaa| ___ 3. parivartanA-paricita viSaya ko sthira rakhane ke lie bAra-bAra dohraanaa| 4. anuprekSA-paricita aura sthiraviSaya para cintana krnaa| 5. dharmakathA-sthirIkRta aura cintita viSaya kA upadeza denaa| adhyAtma viSayaka carcAe~ krnaa|

Page #114
105 3. samyak cAritra adhyAtma sAdhanA paddhati meM trividha sAdhanA ko adhika mahattva diyA gayA hai| tInoM kA samanvaya rUpa hI mokSa hai| samyag darzana aura samyag jJAna mokSa ke kAraNa haiM, phira bhI cAritra sAkSAt kAraNa hai| mokSa kA sarvazreSTha aMga cAritra hai| cAritra jaina sAdhanA kA prANa hai| jaina pAribhASika zabdAvalI meM cAritra zabda kA artha 'AcaraNa' kiyA hai| pahale dekhanA, phira jAnanA tadanantara indriyoM ke viSaya tathA kaSAyoM para vijaya prApta karanA hI cAritra hai| pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca samiti, tIna gupti kI sAdhanA samyak cAritra kI sAdhanA hai| 1. IryA samiti-jAgarUkatApUrvaka calanA IryA samiti hai| 2. bhASA samiti-viveka pUrvaka bolanA bhASA samiti hai| 3. eSaNA samiti-zuddha AhAra kI gaveSaNA (khoja) karanA eSaNA samiti hai| 4. AdAna-nikSepa samiti-jAgarUkatApUrvaka vastra, pAtra Adi upakaraNa lenA aura rakhanA AdAna-nikSepa samiti hai| 5. utsarga samiti-vivekapUrvaka mala-mUtra Adi kA utsarga _karanA utsarga samiti hai| 6. manogupti-mana kI azubha pravRtti ko rokanA manogupti hai| 7. vacanagupti-vacana kI azubha pravRtti ko rokanA vacanagupti 8. kAyagupti-zarIra kI azubha pravRtti ko rokanA kAyagupti isa prakAra samyak darzana, samyak jJAna aura samyak cAritra isa ratnatraya kI yugapat sAdhanA hI mokSamArga hai| kisI eka kA bhI abhAva hone para vyakti apanI maMjila taka nahIM pahuMca sakatA hai|

Page #115
106 4. guNasthAna jaina darzana kA mukhya lakSya hai-AtmaguNoM kA vikAsa krnaa| yaha vikAsa saba jIvoM meM samAna nahIM hotaa| sabameM alaga-alaga hotA hai| kisI meM kama hotA hai aura kisI meM jyaadaa| nyUnAdhika vikAsa ke AdhAra para isakI caudaha avasthAe~ banatI haiN| ye Atma-vikAsa ke caudaha sopAna haiN| ina caudaha sopanoM para kramazaH car3hate-car3hate jaba vyakti antima sopAna ko bhI pAra kara letA hai to vaha apane Atma-guNoM kA pUrNa vikAsa kara mokSa ko prApta kara letA hai| ye caudaha sopAna hI caudaha guNasthAna haiN| guNasthAna kI paribhASA guNasthAna kI avadhAraNA kA mukhya AdhAra hai-krm-vishodhi| guNasthAna meM do zabda haiM-guNa aura sthaan| guNa se tAtparya Atmika guNoM se hai tathA sthAna se tAtparya unake kramika vikAsa se hai| isa prakAra AtmA kI kramika vizuddhi ko guNasthAna kahate haiN| guNasthAna ko jIvasthAna bhI kahA jAtA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra jIva eka dravya hai aura jo dravya hotA hai, vaha guNa se rahita nahIM hotA ataH jIva dravya bhI jJAna, darzana Adi guNoM se yukta hai| saMsArI avasthA meM karmAvaraNa ke kAraNa ve guNa AvaraNita ho jAte haiM, jisase jIva meM doSa bhI prakaTa ho jAte haiM, kintu ve karma jIva ke guNoM ko pUrNa rUpa se AvaraNita nahIM kara pAte ataH jIva meM kucha guNa bhI prakaTa rahate haiN| isa prakAra saMsArI avasthA meM AtmA guNayukta bhI hai aura karmAvaraNa ke kAraNa doSayukta bhI hai| jaise-jaise karmoM kA zodhana hotA hai, vaise-vaise AtmaguNoM kA vikAsa hotA hai| yaha AtmaguNoM kA kramika vikAsa hI guNasthAna hai| guNasthAna ke bheda Atmika guNoM ke nyUnatama vikAsa se lekara sampUrNa vikAsa kI

Page #116
107 samasta bhUmikA guNoM kA vikAsa yaha vikAsa AtmA kA samasta bhUmikAoM ko jaina darzana meM caudaha bhAgoM meM bAMTA gayA hai| pahalI bhUmikA meM AtmaguNoM kA vikAsa nyUnatama hotA hai aura antima bhUmikA meM usakA pUrNa vikAsa ho jAtA hai| yaha vikAsa AtmA kI nirmalatA-pavitratA para nirbhara karatA hai| AtmA kI nirmalatA se guNasthAna kramazaH U~ce hote jAte haiM aura malinatA se niice| saMsAra ke samasta jIva ina caudaha guNasthAnoM meM vibhAjita haiN| ye AdhyAtmika vikAsa krama kI caudaha avasthAe~ haiM 1. mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna 2. sAsvAdana-samyakdRSTi guNasthAna 3. mizradRSTi guNasthAna 4. avirata-samyakdRSTi guNasthAna 5. dezavirati guNasthAna 6. pramattasaMyata guNasthAna 7. apramattasaMyata guNasthAna 8. nivRttibAdara guNasthAna 1. anivRttibAdara guNasthAna 10. sUkSmasaMparAya guNasthAna 11. upazAMtamoha guNasthAna 12. kSINamoha guNasthAna 13. sayogIkevalI guNasthAna 14. ayogIkevalI gunnsthaan| 1. mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna prathama guNasthAna kA nAma darzanamohanIya karma ke AdhAra para mithyAdRSTi rakhA gayA hai| isameM mohakarma kI prabalatama sthiti hone ke kAraNa vyakti kA dRSTikoNa hI viparIta hotA hai| mithyAdRSTi kA artha

Page #117
108 hai-galata dRssttikonn| jisakI tattva-zraddhA viparIta ho, vaha mithyAdRSTi kahalAtA hai aura usake guNasthAna ko mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna kahate haiN| mithyAdRSTi vAle prANI meM jisa tattva ke prati viparIta dRSTikoNa hai, use guNasthAna nahIM kahA gayA hai kintu usameM jo thor3A bahuta bhI sahI dRSTikoNa hai, use guNasthAna kahA gayA hai| eka mithyAdRSTiM vyakti dharma ko adharma mAna sakatA hai| pRthvI, pAnI Adi jIvoM ko ajIva mAna sakatA hai kintu svayaM ko to jIva mAnatA hai| mithyAdRSTi vyakti meM svayaM ko jIva mAnane kI jo sahI samajha hai, vaha usakA guNasthAna hai| prazna ho sakatA hai ki usakI sahI samajha ko mithyAdRSTi kyoM kahA jAtA hai? isakA kAraNa yahI hai ki vyakti ke jJAna kA mUlyAMkana pAtra ke bheda se kiyA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra gaMgA nadI kA svaccha evaM pavitra jala kisI gande pAtra meM DAla dene para use svaccha evaM pavitra nahIM mAnA jAtA, usI prakAra mithyAdRSTi kI sahI samajha bhI mithyAtva ke saMsarga se mithyAdRSTi kahalAtI hai| - - 2. sAsvAdana-samyakdRSTi guNasthAna jisakI dRSTi samyaktva ke kiMcit svAda-sahita hotI hai, usa vyakti ke guNasthAna ko sAsvAdana-samyakdRSTi guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| jaba kisI samyakdRSTi vyakti kA dRSTikoNa mithyA banatA hai to vaha samyakdRSTi se cyuta hokara prathama mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna kI ora agrasara hotA hai| jaba taka vaha prathama guNasthAna meM nahIM pahuMca jAtA taba taka usakI madhyavartI avasthA kA nAma sAsvAdana samyakdRSTi guNasthAna hai| samyaktva se mithyAtva kI ora saMkramaNa kAla meM yaha sthiti rahatI hai| jaina darzana meM ise udAharaNa se samajhAyA gayA, jaise-vRkSa se phala giratA hai aura jaba taka vaha dharatI kA sparza nahIM karatA to usa bIca kI avasthA ke samAna yaha dvitIya guNasthAna hai| dUsarA udAharaNa milatA hai ki jaise kisI ne khIra kA bhojana kiyA aura tatkAla use vamana ho gyaa| vamana ho jAne se sArI khIra bAhara nikala gaI

Page #118
109 kintu usa khIra kA thor3A-sA svAda thor3I dera ke lie banA rahatA hai| usI taraha samyak dRSTi jIva kA dRSTikoNa jaba mithyA banatA hai to mithyAdRSTi guNasthAna taka pahuMcane ke madhya samyaktva kA thor3A-sA svAda banA rahatA hai| alpakAlIna AsvAda hone ke kAraNa isakA nAma sAsvAdana-samyakdRSTi rakhA gayA hai| 3. mizradRSTi guNasthAna ___jisakI dRSTi na sarvathA samyag hotI hai aura na sarvathA mithyA, kintu mizrita hotI hai, use samyagamithyAdRSTi yA mizradRSTi guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| yaha AtmA kI sandeha sahita dolAyamAna avasthA hai| isa zreNI meM rahane vAlA vyakti na idhara kA rahatA hai aura na udhara kaa| jaise zarkarA se mizrita dahI kI rasAnubhUti na kevala amla hotI hai aura na kevala madhura, kintu mizrita hotI hai, usakI amlatA aura madhuratA ko sarvathA pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sakatA vaise hI isa guNasthAna meM samyak aura mithyA ruci ko pRthak nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai| pahale guNasthAna aura isa tIsare guNasthAna meM yaha bhinnatA hai ki pahale guNasthAna vAle kI dRSTi tattva ke prati ekAMta rUpa se mithyA hotI hai aura isa guNasthAna vAle kI dRSTi saMdigdha-mizra hotI hai| isakA kAlamAna antarmuhUrta kA hai| isa guNasthAna meM sthita AtmA zIghra hI apanI tatkAlIna paristhiti ke anusAra yA to mithyAtva avasthA ko prApta ho jAtI hai yA samyaktva avasthA ko| isIlie isakA sthAna tIsarA rakhA gayA hai| ise pArakara vyakti samyaktvI bana sakatA hai| 4. avirata-samyagdRSTi guNasthAna isa caturtha guNasthAna meM dRSTikoNa pUrNataH samyak bana jAtA hai| isa dRSTi vAlA sahI ko sahI aura galata ko galata samajhatA hai, kintu vaha kisI prakAra kA vrata svIkAra nahIM kara sakatA ataH isakA

Page #119
110 nAma avirata samyagdRSTi guNasthAna hai| yahA~ se AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA prArambha hotA hai| AtmA aura zarIra kI bhinnatA kA bodha hotA hai| mokSa kI ora agrasara hone kI ceSTA zurU ho jAtI hai| 5. dezavirati guNasthAna . isa paMcama guNasthAna meM vyakti kI Atmika zakti vikasita hotI hai| vaha pUrNarUpa se vratoM kI ArAdhanA nahIM kara sakatA kintu AMzika rUpa se vratoM ko svIkAra karatA hai, jaise- vaha pUrNa ahiMsA, satya, acaurya Adi mahAvrata ko svIkAra nahIM kara sakatA kintu choTI-choTI hiMsA kA tyAga kara ahiMsA aNuvrata ko svIkAra karatA hai| bar3A jhUTha bolane aura corI karane kA tyAga kara satya aNuvrata, acaurya aNuvrata Adi ko svIkAra karatA hai| AMzika rUpa se vratoM ko svIkAra karane vAloM ko jaina AcArazAstra meM upAsaka yA zrAvaka kahA jAtA hai| isameM ahiMsA, satya Adi vratoM kA AcaraNa prArambha ho jAtA hai| 6. pramatta-saMyata guNasthAna isakA dUsarA nAma sarvavirati guNasthAna bhI hai| isameM sAdhaka AMzika vrata se pUrNa vrata kI ora jAtA hai| usakA vrata aNuvrata na kahalAkara mahAvrata kahalAtA hai aura vaha zrAvaka na kahalAkara zramaNa-sAdhU kahalAtA hai| isameM ahiMsA, satya Adi ke AcaraNa kA pUrNa saMkalpa hotA hai| pUrNa saMyamI jIvana ko svIkAra karane ke bAda bhI usameM pramAda rahatA hai, jisake kAraNa vaha kabhI-kabhI doSoM kA bhI sevana kara letA hai ataH isa guNasthAna kA nAma pramatta-saMyata guNasthAna rakhA gayA hai| sAdhaka apanI AdhyAtmika paristhiti ke anusAra isa guNasthAna se Upara bhI uTha sakatA hai aura nIce bhI gira sakatA hai| yaha guNasthAna zramaNa meM pAyA jAtA hai|

Page #120
. 111 7. apramatta-saMyata guNasthAna . sAtaveM guNasthAna meM pramAda chUTa jAtA hai| hara kSaNa AtmA ke prati jAgarUkatA banI rahatI hai| apramAdI sAdhu ke guNasthAna ko apramatta-saMyata guNasthAna kahate haiN| isakI sthiti bahuta lambe samaya taka nahIM rhtii| pramAdajanya vAsanAe~ bIca-bIca meM prakaTa hotI rahatI haiM, jisake kAraNa vaha punaH pramAdAvasthA meM calA jAtA hai| isalie UrdhvArohaNa karane vAloM ko chor3akara chaThe-sAtaveM guNasthAna kA krama badalatA rahatA hai| antarmuhUrta ke bAda vaha chaThe guNasthAna meM calA jAtA hai| 8. nivRttibAdara guNasthAna jisameM sthUla kaSAya kI nivRtti hotI hai arthAt kaSAya thor3e rUpa meM upazAMta yA kSINa hote haiM, use nivRtti bAdara guNasthAna kahate haiN| isa avasthA meM AtmA sthUla rUpa meM kaSAyoM-krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha se mukta ho jAtI hai| 1. anivRttibAdara guNasthAna jisameM sthUla kaSAya kI anivRtti hotI hai arthAt kaSAya thor3I mAtrA meM zeSa rahatA hai, use anivRtti bAdara kahA jAtA hai| isa avasthA meM AtmA kaSAya se prAyaH nivRtta ho jAtI hai| AThaveM guNasthAna meM kaMSAya kI nivRtti thor3I mAtrA meM hotI hai, isalie use nivRttibAdara kahA gayA hai| naveM guNasthAna meM kaSAya thor3I mAtrA meM zeSa rahatA hai, isalie ise anivRttibAdara kahA gayA hai| AThaveM guNasthAna kA nAma, jo kaSAya nivRtta huA hai, usake AdhAra para kiyA gayA hai| 10. sUkSma-saMparAya guNasthAna yahAM samparAya kA artha hai-lobha-kaSAya, jisameM lobha-kaSAya kA sUkSma aMza vidyamAna hotA hai, usake guNasthAna ko sUkSma-samparAya

Page #121
112 guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| isa guNasthAna meM krodha, mAna, mAyA-ye tIna kaSAya to sarvathA upazAMta yA kSINa ho jAte haiN| sirpha lobha-kaSAya alpa mAtrA meM rahatA hai| 11. upazAMtamoha guNasthAna jisakA moha aMtarmuhUrta ke lie sarvathA upazAMta ho jAtA hai, usake guNasthAna ko upazAMtamoha guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| dasaveM guNasthAna meM jo sUkSma lobha zeSa thA, usa lobha kA yahAM upazama ho jAtA hai, kintu vaha pUrNa rUpa se naSTa nahIM hotaa| jaise rAkha se Dhake hue aMgAre bujhe hue se pratIta hote haiM, kintu thor3I-sI havA se ve aMgAre punaH jala uThate haiM, usI prakAra isa guNasthAna meM antarmuhUrta taka moha upazama-zAMta rahatA hai para punaH nimitta milane para vaha prakaTa ho jAtA hai| 12. kSINamoha guNasthAna jisakA mohakarma sarvathA kSINa ho jAtA hai, usake guNasthAna ko kSINa-moha guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| moha ke sarvathA kSINa hote hI AtmA pUrNa vItarAga ho jAtI hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra AThaveM guNasthAna se do zreNiyA~ nikalatI haiM-upazamazreNI aura ksspkshrennii| jo sAdhaka mohakarma kA upazama karate hue Age bar3hate haiM, unakI zreNI upazamazreNI kahalAtI hai aura jo sAdhaka mohakarma kA kSaya karate hue Age bar3hate haiM, unakI zreNI kSapakazreNI kahalAtI hai| upazamazreNI se Age bar3hane vAlA gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM moha ko sarvathA upazama-zAMta kara detA hai| kintu antarmuhUrta ke bAda moha kA punaH udaya hone se vaha isa guNasthAna se cyuta hokara nIce ke guNasthAnoM kI ora gatizIla hotA hai| bIca meM hI saMbhala jAne para chaThe, pAMcaveM, cauthe kisI bhI guNasthAna meM sthira ho sakatA hai aura na saMbhala pAne para pahale guNasthAna taka bhI pahuMca sakatA hai|

Page #122
113 kSapakazreNI se Age bar3hane vAlA sAdhaka mohakarma ko kSINa-kSaya karatA huA Age bar3hatA hai aura dasaveM guNasthAna ke bAda vaha sIdhA bArahaveM guNasthAna meM praveza kara mohakarma kA sarvathA kSaya kara. detA hai| 13. sayogIkevalI guNasthAna . kevalajJAna prApta hone para bhI jo kevalI mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yoga-pravRtti se yukta hotA hai, usake guNasthAna ko sayogIkevalI guNasthAna kahate haiN| isa avasthA meM jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya aura antarAya-ye cAra ghAtikarma sarvathA kSINa ho jAte haiN| AtmA meM ananta jJAna, ananta darzana, ananta Ananda aura ananta zakti rUpa Atma-svabhAva prakaTa ho jAtA hai| 14. ayogIkevalI guNasthAna jo kevalI ayogI-mana, vacana aura kAya kI pravRtti se rahita hotA hai, usake guNasthAna ko ayogIkevalI guNasthAna kahA jAtA hai| isa guNasthAna kA sthitikAla atyanta alpa hotA hai| jitanA samaya pAMca hasva svaroM a, i, u, R, la ko madhyama svara se uccArita karane meM lagatA hai, utane hI samaya taka isa guNasthAna meM AtmA rahatI hai| tatpazcAt vaha anAdikAlIna karma-bandhana ko tor3akara sarvathA mukta ho jAtI hai| usakA saMsArI jIvana samApta ho jAtA hai| janma-maraNa kI paramparA kA anta ho jAtA hai| guNasthAnoM kA kAlamAna ___prathama guNasthAna kA kAlamAna anAdi-ananta, anAdi-sAnta aura sAdi-sAnta hotA hai| abhavya prANI-jinameM kabhI bhI mokSa jAne kI yogyatA nahIM hotI-anAdi kAla se mithyAdRSTi haiM aura anantakAla taka mithyAdRSTi hI rheNge| abhavya prANI kI apekSA se pahale guNasthAna

Page #123
kA samaya anAdi-ananta batAyA gayA hai| bhavya prANI jinameM mokSa jAne kI yogyatA hai, para abhI taka unhoMne samyakdRSTi prApta nahIM kI hai ataH anAdi kAla se ve mithyAdRSTi haiM para bhaviSya meM ve samyak dRSTi prApta kara sakate haiM, taba unakA mithyA dRSTikoNa samApta ho jAegA, ataH bhavya prANI kI apekSA se ise anAdi aura sAnta kahA gayA hai| samyakdRSTi prApta vyakti punaH mithyAdRSTi ko bhI prApta kara sakatA hai aura mithyAdRSTi ke bAda punaH samyakdRSTi ko bhI prApta kara sakatA hai| isa apekSA se ise sAdi-sAnta kahA gayA hai| dUsare guNasthAna kA kAlamAna chaH avalikA hai| cauthe guNasthAna kA utkRSTa kAlamAna taiMtIsa sAgara se kucha adhika hai| . pAMcaveM, chaThe aura terahaveM guNasthAna kA utkRSTa kAlamAna kucha kama karor3a pUrva hai| caudahaveM guNasthAna kA kAlamAna pAMca hRsvAkSara-a, i, u, R, la uccAraNa mAtra hai| zeSa guNasthAnoM kA kAlamAna antarmuhUrta hai| isa prakAra mohanIya karma kI prabalatA aura nirbalatA para hI ina caudaha guNasthAnoM kA nirmANa hotA hai| jitanA-jitanA mAlinya haTatA hai, utanI-utanI Atma-vizuddhi hotI hai aura isI vizuddhi kA nAma guNasthAna hai| prathama aura tRtIya guNasthAna adhyAtma-vikAsa ke nyUnatama sthAna haiN| dvitIya guNasthAna meM bhI apakramaNa hotA hai| caturtha guNasthAna se kramika UrdhvArohaNa prArambha hotA hai aura caudahaveM guNasthAna meM AtmA kI pUrNa vizodhi ho jAtI hai| vizuddha AtmA kI svAbhAvika gati Urdhva hai| ataH mukta AtmA eka samaya meM loka ke antima bhAga para jAkara sthira ho jAtI hai| dharmAstikAya kA abhAva hone se usake Age gati nahIM hotii| mukta AtmA meM koI guNasthAna nahIM hotaa| cA

Page #124
115 5. SaDAvazyaka 'Avazyaka sUtra' jaina sAdhanA kA mUla prANa hai| yaha Atmazuddhi aura doSa - parimArjana kI prakriyA hai| jisa prakAra kisI sthAna yA vastu kA sAvadhAnI pUrvaka parimArjana ( saphAI ) na kiyA jAye to usa sthAna yA vastu para maila kI parateM jama jAtI haiM, usI prakAra pramAdavaza hue doSoM kA yadi parimArjana (zuddhi) na kiyA jAye to hamArI AtmA bhI malina bana jAtI hai| AvazyakasUtra doSa- parimArjana aura Atmazuddhi kI prakriyA hai| " Avazyaka kA artha 'Avazyaka' jaina AcAra mImAMsA kA eka pramukha aMga hai| 'avazyaM karttavyamAvazyakam' jo avazya karaNIya hai use Avazyaka kahA jAtA hai| jaise vaidika paramparA meM 'sandhyA' hai, bauddha paramparA meM 'upAsanA' hai, yahUdI aura IsAiyoM meM 'prArthanA' hai, islAma dharma meM 'namAja' hai, vaise hI jaina dharma meM doSoM kI zuddhi aura guNoM kI vRddhi ke lie Avazyaka sUtra hai| yaha AtmA ko durguNoM se haTAkara sadguNoM kI ora le jAtA hai tathA guNoM se zUnya AtmA ko guNoM se yukta karatA hai| jaina AcAra meM zramaNa aura zrAvaka donoM ke lie hI ise avazya karaNIya batAyA gayA hai| zramaNa ke lie to prAtaH kAla aura sAyaMkAla donoM hI samaya yaha avazya karaNIya hai, isakA koI apavAda nahIM hai| zrAvaka ke lie bhI yaha avazya karaNIya hai; kintu jinake lie pratidina yaha saMbhava nahIM ho sakatA ve pakSa ke aMta meM pAkSika, cAturmAsa ke aMta meM cAturmAsika aura varSa ke aMta meM sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa karate haiN| Avazyaka ke aMga Avazyaka kI sAdhanA usake chaha aMgoM ke dvArA kI jAtI hai, isalie ise SaDAvazyaka kahA jAtA hai| Avazyaka ke chaha aMga

Page #125
C16 . nimnalikhita haiM 1. sAmAyika-samabhAva kI sAdhanA krnaa| 2. caturviMzatistava-caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti krnaa| 3. vaMdanA-sadguruoM ko namaskAra krnaa| . 4. pratikramaNa-doSoM kI AlocanA krnaa| 5. kAyotsarga-zarIra ke prati mamatva kA tyAga krnaa| 6. pratyAkhyAna-AhAra Adi kA tyAga krnaa| SaDAvazyaka ke krama kI vaijJAnikatA SaDAvazyaka ke ina sabhI aMgoM kA krama vaijJAnika DhaMga se rakhA gayA hai| sabase pahalA Avazyaka hai-saamaayik| samabhAva kI sAdhanA se jaba cittavRtti svaccha ho jAtI hai tabhI vyakti tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti kara sakatA hai aura unake guNoM meM lIna ho sakatA hai, ataH sAmAyika ke bAda dUsarA krama caturviMzatistava kA rakhA gayA hai| tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti se usake mana meM bhaktibhAva paidA hotA hai aura vaha gurujanoM, munijanoM ke caraNoM meM vaMdana-namaskAra karatA hai| vaMdanA karane se vinamratA bar3hatI hai tathA saralatA AtI hai| sarala vyakti hI apane kRta doSoM kI AlocanA kara sakatA hai ataH vaMdanA ke bAda pratikramaNa kA krama rakhA gayA hai| atIta ke doSoM kI zuddhi ho jAne ke bAda hI tana aura mana kI sthiratA sadha sakatI hai ataH pratikramaNa ke bAda kAyotsarga kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| mana kI caMcalatA dUra hone para hI vyakti pratyAkhyAna kara sakatA hai| caMcala mana se pratyAkhyAna (tyAga) kara pAnA saMbhava nahI hai| ataH kAyotsarga ke bAda hI pratyAkhyAna kA krama diyA gayA hai| isa prakAra ina chaH AvazyakoM kA krama kAraNa-kAryabhAva kI zrRMkhalA para AdhArita hone se pUrNa vaijJAnika krama hai| ina chahoM Avazyaka kA saMkSipta vivecana isa prakAra

Page #126
117 1. sAmAyika chaH Avazyaka meM prathama Avazyaka hai - sAmAyika / sAmAyika zramaNa aura zrAvaka donoM ke lie avazya karaNIya hai| yaha samabhAva kI sAdhanA hai| samabhAva kI sAdhanA ke lie Avazyaka hai sAvadya ( pApakArI ) pravRttiyoM se virata honA / zramaNa jIvanabhara ke lie sAvadyayoga kA pratyAkhyAna karatA hai| zrAvaka jIvanabhara ke lie sAvadyayoga kA pratyAkhyAna nahIM kara sktaa| vaha sAmAyika kA abhyAsa karatA hai| eka sAmAyika kA kAlamAna 48 miniTa hai| vaha eka muhUrtta (48 miniTa) ke lie sAvadyayoga se virata rahane kA saMkalpa karatA hai| aThAraha pApa sAvadyayoga haiN| ina aThAraha pApoM ko cAra vargoM meM vibhAjita kiyA jA sakatA hai - hai| pahalA varga - prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda, adattAdAna, maithuna, prigrh| - dUsarA varga - krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga, dveSa / tIsarA varga - kalaha, abhyAkhyAna, paizunya, para- parivAda, rati- arati / cauthA varga- -mAyA - mRSA aura mithyAdarzana zalya / . -* inakA vivecana nau tattvoM meM 'pApa tattva' ke antargata kiyA gayA vyakti jaba pApamaya vyApAroM kA parityAga kara samabhAva meM avasthita hotA hai, tabhI sAmAyika hotI hai| ataH sAmAyika karate samaya sAdhaka ke samakSa eka mAnasika citra banA rahanA cAhie ki mujhe ina aThAraha pApoM kA sevana nahIM karanA hai| hara paristhiti meM samabhAva rakhanA hai| sAmAyika ke samaya svAdhyAya, dhyAna, anuprekSA, japa Adi ke prayoga karane cAhie tathA sAmAyika ke doSoM se bacanA cAhie / sAmAyika ke doSa sAmAyika ke kula 32 doSa batAye gaye haiN| 10 mana ke doSa haiM, 10 vacana ke doSa haiM aura 12 kAyA ke doSa haiN|

Page #127
118 mana ke doSa- mana meM yaza-kIrti kI bhAvanA se sAmAyika karanA, apane Apako dhArmika dikhAne kI bhAvanA se sAmAyika karanA, maiM ucca kula kA hU~, yadi sAmAyika nahIM karUMgA to loga kyA kaheMge isa bhaya se sAmAyika karanA, maiM sAmAyika kara rahA hU~, isakA phala mujhe milegA yA nahIM milegA isa saMzaya se sAmAyika karanA Adi mana ke doSa haiN| vacana ke doSa-sAmAyika meM kutsita vacanoM kA prayoga karanA, kalaha utpanna karane vAle vacanoM kA prayoga karanA, sAmAyika ke pATha ko azuddha bolanA, binA vicAre sahasA asatya vacana bolanA Adi vacana ke doSa haiN| kAyA ke doSa- sAmAyika meM asthira hokara baiThanA, pApakArI pravRttiyAM karanA, dIvAra kA sahArA lekara ArAma se baiThanA, baiThe-baiThe .. hAtha-paira phailAnA, zarIra se maila utAranA, zokagrasta mudrA meM baiThanA, sAmAyika meM nIMda lenA Adi kAyA ke doSa haiN| sAmAyika kA mahattva jaina dharma meM sAmAyika (samabhAva) kI sAdhanA ko utkRSTa sAdhanA mAnA gayA hai| ise caudaha pUrvo kA sAra yA sampUrNa jinavANI kA sAra kahA gayA hai| jisa prakAra dUdha kA sAra ghI, tila kA sAra tela hai usI prakAra sAdhanA kA sAra sAmAyika hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM samatA ko sabase bar3A dharma batAyA gayA hai| eka ghaMTe taka sAmAyika kI sAdhanA karane vAlA zrAvaka bhI utane samaya ke lie zramaNavat (sAdhu) ho jAtA hai| 2. caturviMzatistava SaDAvazyaka meM dUsarA Avazyaka caturviMzatistava hai| prathama sAmAyika Avazyaka meM sAdhaka samasta sAvadyayogoM kA tyAga kara detA jApa kA mahatva

Page #128
119 hai kintu caMcala mana ko sthira karane ke lie use kisI Alambana kI AvazyakatA rahatI hai| Atma-sAdhaka ke lie vItarAga tIrthaMkara deva hI sarvazreSTha Alambana haiM, kyoMki usakA dhyeya bhI vItarAgatA hai| RSabha se lekara mahAvIra taka caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti karanA caturviMzatistava nAmaka dUsarA Avazyaka hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra kevala tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti se mokSa yA samAdhi kI prApti nahIM hotI, jaba taka ki manuSya svayaM prayAsa na kre| tIrthaMkara to sAdhanA-mArga ke prakAza-stambha haiN| jisa prakAra gati karanA jahAja kA kArya hai kintu prakAza-stambha kI upasthiti meM bhI jaba taka jahAja gati nahIM karatA, vaha usa pAra nahIM pahuMca sktaa| usI prakAra tIrthakara sAdhanA karane vAle sAdhaka kA mArga prazasta karane vAle prakAza-stambha haiN| stuti (stava) ke bheda mana, vacana aura kAya ke bheda se stuti ke tIna bheda haiMmana se caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ke guNoM kA smaraNa karanA manastava hai| vacana se logassa ujjoyagare....... kA uccAraNa kara tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti bolanA vacanastava hai| hAtha jor3akara tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ko namaskAra Adi karanA kAyakRtastava hai| stuti ke lAbha ... tIrthaMkaroM kI stuti karane se aneTa lAbha hote haiN| stuti se darzana vizuddhi hotI hai| darzana vizuddhi hone se bhAvoM kI .zuddhi aura mana kI nirmalatA bar3hatI hai| tIrthaMkara jaisA banane kI preraNA mana meM jAgatI hai| ..

Page #129
120 3. vaMdanA tIsarA Avazyaka vaMdanA hai| sAdhanA ke Adarza rUpa tIrthaMkara hote haiM, kintu sAdhanAmArga ke patha-pradarzaka gurU hote haiN| gurU ke prati vinaya karanA vaMdanA Avazyaka hai| yaha mana, vacana, kAya kI vaha prazasta vRtti hai, jisameM sAdhaka AcArya, gurU, jyeSTha zramaNoM ke prati zraddhA aura bahumAna prakaTa karatA hai| gurU vahI hotA hai, jisakA cAritra utkRSTa hotA hai, jo sacamuca vandanIya hotA hai| .. vaMdanA vidhi-jina AcArya, zramaNa Adi ko vandanA kI jAtI hai, unameM tathA vandanakartA ke madhya eka hAtha kA antarAla honA caahie| phira vandanakartA ko apane mastaka se gurU, AcArya Adi ke caraNoM meM bAdhA na pahuMcAte hue vandana karanA caahie| jisa vaMdana meM bhakti aura zraddhA nahIM hotI kevala pralobhana aura pratiSThA kI bhAvanA hotI hai, vaha dravya vaMdana hai| yaha kabhI-kabhI karmabaMdhana kA kAraNa bana jAtA hai| bhaya aura pralobhana se rahita ho pavitra aura nirmala bhAvanA ke sAtha vaMdana karanA hI bhAva vaMdana hai| isase karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai| vaMdanA ke lAbha vaMdanA karane se ahaMkAra kA nAza hotA hai aura vinaya kI prApti hotI hai| zuddha bhAvoM se vaMdanA karane para nIca gotra kA kSaya aura ucca gotra kA baMdhana hotA hai| vaMdanA karane vAlA vyakti vinaya ke dvArA lokapriyatA prApta karatA hai| 4. pratikramaNa mana, vacana aura kAya se jo azubha AcaraNa kiyA jAtA hai, dUsaroM se karavAyA jAtA hai athavA karane vAloM kA anumodana kiyA jAtA hai, ina sabakI nivRtti ke lie apane kRtapApoM kI AlocanA karanA pratikramaNa hai| pratikramaNa ko spaSTa karate hue kahA gayA

Page #130
121 svasthAnAt yat parasthAna pramAdavazato gtH| tatraiva kramaNaMbhUyaH prtikrmnnmucyte|| vyakti pramAda ke kAraNa apane svabhAva-kSamA, maitrI, karuNA Adi kA chor3akara parabhAva-krodha, mAna Adi meM calA gayA ho to usa parabhAva se punaH apane svabhAva meM lauTane kA nAma pratikramaNa hai| yaha Atmazuddhi kI sAdhanA hai| azubha se zubha kI ora lauTane kI sAdhanA hai| zramaNa aura zrAvaka ke dvArA apane svIkRta vratoM meM kisI bhI prakAra kI skhalanA ho gaI ho to pratikramaNa ke dvArA vaha usakI zuddhi karatA hai| pratikramaNa ke bheda pratikramaNa ke do prakAra batAye gae haiM-dravya pratikramaNa aura bhAva prtikrmnn| dravya pratikramaNa meM sAdhaka binA kisI bhAvanA ke yaMtravat uccAraNa karatA rahatA hai| kRta doSoM ke prati mana meM glAni ke bhAva nahIM hote aura bhaviSya meM bhI punaH punaH unhIM doSoM kA sevana karatA rahatA hai| _ bhAva pratikramaNa meM sAdhaka ke mana meM apane kRta doSoM ke prati gaharI glAni hotI hai| vaha cintana karatA hai-maiMne isa prakAra kI skhalanAe~ kyoM kI? bhaviSya meM unheM punaH na doharAne kA dRr3ha saMkalpa karatA hai| kAla kI dRSTi se pratikramaNa ke pAMca prakAra batAye gae haiM1. daivasika, 2. rAtrika, 3. pAkSika, 4. cAturmAsika aura 5. saaNvtsrik| daivasika-pratidina sAyaMkAla ke samaya pUre dina meM Acarita pApakarma kA cintana kara usakI AlocanA karanA daivasika pratikramaNa

Page #131
122 rAtrika-pratidina prAtaHkAla ke samaya sampUrNa rAtri meM Acarita pApakarma kA cintana kara usakI AlocanA karanA rAtrika pratikramaNa pAkSika-pakSa ke anta meM pUrNimA aura amAvasyA ke dina sampUrNa pakSa (15 dina) meM Acarita pApoM kA vicAra kara usakI AlocanA karanA pAkSika pratikramaNa hai| cAturmAsika-kArtikI pUrNimA, phAlgunI pUrNimA aura ASAr3hI parNimA ko cAra mahIne meM Acarita pApoM kA vicAra kara unakI AlocanA karanA cAturmAsika pratikramaNa hai| ___ sAMvatsarika-pratyeka varSa saMvatsarI mahAparva ke dina varSabhara ke pApoM kA cintana kara usakI AlocanA karanA sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa hai| pratikramaNa kA prayojana pratikramaNa bhAva-pariSkAra kA eka bahuta acchA prayoga hai| isake tIna caraNa haiM 1. aiyaM paDikkamAmi-atIta kA pratikramaNa krnaa| 2. paDupuNNaM saMvaremi-vartamAna kA saMvara krnaa| 3. aNAgayaM paccakkhAmi- bhaviSya kA pratyAkhyAna krnaa| . atIta kA pratikramaNa- pratyeka vyakti cAhatA hai ki mana meM kabhI bure bhAva na AeM para nimitta milate hI bure bhAva A jAte haiN| bure bhAvoM se bacane ke lie atIta ke saMskAroM kA pratikramaNa karanA Avazyaka hai| jaba taka atIta kA pratikramaNa nahIM hotA, unakA zodhana nahIM hotA taba taka bhAva-pariSkAra kI dizA meM gati nahIM hotii| vartamAna kA saMvara-atIta kA pratikramaNa hone para bhI jaba taka vartamAna kA saMvara nahIM hotA, taba taka malinatA punaH AtI rahatI

Page #132
123 hai| jisa prakAra daravAjA khulA chor3a dene para sApha kamare meM AMdhI kI reta AtI rahatI hai| ataH vartamAna kA saMvara karanA Avazyaka hai| bhaviSya kA pratyAkhyAna-atIta kA zodhana aura vartamAna kA. saMvara hAne para bhI yadi bhaviSya ke lie pratyAkhyAna nahIM hotA to zodhana aura saMvara surakSita nahIM raha sktaa| kAyotsarga ___pAMcavAM Avazyaka kAyotsarga hai| kAyotsarga kA zAbdika artha hai-zarIra kA tyAga krnaa| jIvita rahate hue zarIra kA tyAga kara pAnA saMbhava nahIM hai ata: yahAM zarIra ke tyAga kA tAtparya-zArIrika caMcalatA aura zarIra ke prati hone vAlI Asakti kA tyAga karanA hai| jaina sAdhanA meM kAyotsarga kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| vahAM pratyeka anuSThAna se pUrva kAyotsarga karane kA vidhAna hai| daivasika, rAtrika, pAkSika, cAturmAsika aura sAMvatsarika pratikramaNa meM jisa-jisa kAla meM jitanA-jitanA kAyotsarga karane kA vidhAna hai, usa kAla kA atikramaNa kiye binA kAyotsarga karanA hI kAyotsarga Avazyaka hai| isameM Asana, prANAyAma aura dhyAna-tInoM kI sAdhanA eka sAtha hotI hai| kAyotsarga meM sAdhaka bilkula sthira rahatA hai| usa samaya deva, mAnava aura tiryaMca saMbaMdhI koI bhI upasarga (vighna-bAdhA) upasthita hone para use samabhAvapUrvaka sahana karatA hai| 6. pratyAkhyAna SaDAvazyaka kA chaThA aMga pratyAkhyAna hai| pratyAkhyAna kA artha hai-tyAga krnaa| icchAoM ke nirodha ke lie pratyAkhyAna eka Avazyaka tattva hai| pramAdapUrvaka kiye gae bhUtakAlIna doSoM kA

Page #133
124 parimArjana karanA pratikramaNa kahalAtA hai tathA bhaviSyakAla meM usa azubha pravRtti ko na doharAne kA saMkalpa karanA pratyAkhyAna hai| pratyAkhyAna ke do prakAra haiM- dravya pratyAkhyAna aura bhAva pratyAkhyAna / AhAra, vastra Adi bAhya padArthoM meM se kisI padArtha kA tyAga karanA dravya pratyAkhyAna hai| rAga-dveSa, kaSAya Adi azubha mAnasika vRttiyoM kA tyAga karanA bhAva pratyAkhyAna hai| pratyAkhyAna se sAdhaka azAMti ke mUla kAraNa Asakti aura tRSNA ko naSTa karatA hai| sAmAyika, caturviMzatistava, vaMdanA, pratikramaNa aura kAyotsarga ke dvArA Atmazuddhi ho jAtI hai, kintu bhaviSya meM punaH AtmA malina na bane isake lie pratyAkhyAna atyanta Avazyaka hai / jisa prakAra vastra ko svaccha karane ke bAda punaH vaha malina na bane isalie use AlamArI meM rakhate haiM usI prakAra mana meM malinatA na Aye, isalie pratyAkhyAna karate haiN| isa prakAra SaDAvazyaka sAdhaka ke lie avazya karaNIya kriyA hai| yaha sampUrNa adhyAtmayoga kI sAdhanA hai| 6. dasa dharma jaina darzana meM vividha dRSTiyoM se dharma para vicAra kiyA gayA hai para yahAM dharma se tAtparya mAnava ke vicAra aura AcAra ko vizuddha banAne vAle tattva se hai| isa dRSTi se AdhyAtmika vikAsa (mokSa) kI ora le jAne vAlI samasta kriyAe~ dharma haiN| jaina siddhAnta dIpikA meM bhI 'AtmazuddhisAdhanaM dharmaH' Atmazuddhi ke sAdhanoM ko dharma kahA gayA hai| dasavaikAlika sUtra meM ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa se yukta dharma ko utkRSTa maMgala mAnA gayA hai| dharma vaha tattva hai, jo prANiyoM ko saMsAra ke duHkha se uThAkara uttama sukha ko dhAraNa karAtA hai| dharma ke mahattva ko batAte hue kahA gayA- - janma aura mRtyu ke teja pravAha meM bahate hue prANiyoM ke lie dharma hI ekamAtra dvIpa hai, zaraNa hai| -

Page #134
125 dharma ke prakAra Atmazuddhi ke sAdhana kA dharma kahate haiN| ve sAdhana aneka ho sakate haiM, isa dRSTi se dharma ke bhI aneka prakAra batAye gae haiN| saMkSepa meM eka ahiMsA dharma hai aura vistAra meM jAeM to dasa dharma ho jAte 1. kSamA 2. mukti 3. * Arjava 4. mArdava 5. lAghava 6. satya 7. saMyama 8. tapa 9. tyAga 10. brhmcry| . ina dasa dharmoM ko uttama dharma kahA jAtA hai| ye dasa dharma uttama dharma kahalAne yogya tabhI hote haiM jaba ye AtmazuddhikAraka tathA pApanivAraka hote haiN| ina dasa dharmoM kA vidhAna zramaNa ke lie kiyA gayA hai kyoMki zramaNoM ke dvArA ye nizcita rUpa se AcaraNIya hote haiN| para isakA matalaba yaha nahIM ki ye dUsaroM ke lie AcaraNIya nahIM haiN| samyakdRSTi zrAvakoM ko bhI saMvara aura nirjarA kI sAdhanA ke lie ina kSamA Adi dharmoM kA pAlana karanA caahie| 1. kSamA dasa dharmoM meM prathama dharma kSamA hai| krodha Adi kI utpatti ke sAkSAta kAraNa upasthita hone para alpamAtra bhI krodha nahIM karanA tathA mana meM bhI krodha ke bhAva nahIM lAnA uttama kSamA hai| jaina paramparA meM aparAdhI ko bhI kSamA karanA tathA apane aparAdhoM ke lie kSamA mAMganA sAdhaka kA parama karttavya mAnA gayA hai| jaina zramaNa pratidina yaha udghoSa karatA hai khAmemi savva jIve, savve jIvA khamaMtu me| mittI me savvabhUesa, veraM majjha na kennii||

Page #135
126 maiM saba jIvoM ko kSamA karatA hU~, ve saba jIva mujhe kSamA kreN| merA saba prANiyoM ke prati maitrIbhAva hai, kisI ke sAtha bhI merA vaira nahIM hai| kSamA AtmA kA svabhAva hai| vyakti krodha, roSa, Aveza ke kAraNa kSamA rUpI Atma-svabhAva ko bhUla jAtA hai, jisake kAraNa vaha kSamA ke uttama avasara ko cUka jAtA hai| kSamA, titikSA, sahiSNutA, krodhanigraha Adi zabda ekArthaka haiN| dasavaikAlika sUtra meM muni ke lie kahA gayA-'puDhavIsame muNI hvejjaa'| muni pRthvI ke samAna sahanazIla ho| pRthvI ko koI khodatA hai, koI usa para thUkatA hai, koI malotsarga gaMdagI phailAtA hai to koI pRthvI ko mAtA samajhakara mastaka jhukAtA hai| pRthvI pratyeka anukUla-pratikUla paristhiti ko samabhAva se sahana karatI hai| usI prakAra muni bhI pratyeka anukUla-pratikUla paristhiti ko samabhAvapUrvaka sahana kre| 2. mukti dasa dharmoM meM dUsarA dharma mukti hai| mukti kA artha hai-nirlobhtaa| zarIra aura padArtha jagat ke prati anaaskti| isakA dUsarA nAma zauca bhI upalabdha hotA hai| 'zucerbhAvaH zaucam' sAmAnyatayA zauca kA artha daihika pavitratA se liyA jAtA hai, kintu jaina paramparA meM zauca kA artha mAnasika pavitratA se liyA gayA hai| isakA saMbaMdha lobha kaSAya se hai| lobha ke kAraNa vyakti kI pavitratA naSTa hotI hai| citta kaluSita banatA hai| lobha ke kAraNa vyakti kI tRSNA kabhI samApta nahIM hotii| vyakti jIrNa-zIrNa ho sakatA hai kintu tRSNA jIrNa-zIrNa nahIM hotii| tRSNA jIrNa hone para hI mokSa kA dvAra khulatA hai| mukti dharma kI sAdhanA se citta kI zuddhi hotI hai, tRSNA samApta hotI hai ata: zarIra aura padArtha jagat ke prati Asakti na rakhanA hI uttama mukti yA zauca dharma hai|

Page #136
127 3. Arjava kSamA aura mukti kI bhAMti Arjava bhI AtmA kA svabhAva hai| 'RjorbhAvaH Arjavam' RjutA arthAt saralatA kA bhAva hI Arjava hai| mana, vacana aura kAya se kapaTapUrNa bhAvoM kA sarvathA abhAva tathA Rju (sarala) bhAvoM kA sadbhAva Arjava dharma hai| mAyA ke kAraNa vyakti meM jaTilatA, kuTilatA AtI hai| mAyAvI vyakti socatA kucha hai, bolatA kucha hai aura karatA kucha hai| usake mana, vacana, kAyA meM ekarUpatA nahIM rhtii| usakA vyavahAra vakra (Ter3hA ) hotA hai| saralatA aura vakratA ko lekara ThANaM sUtra meM cAra vikalpa banAye gae haiM * kucha vyakti bAhara se sarala para bhItara se vakra hote haiN| kucha vyakti bAhara se vakra para bhItara se sarala hote haiN| kucha vyakti bAhara se vakra aura bhItara se bhI vakra hote haiN| kucha vyakti bAhara se sarala aura bhItara se bhI sarala hote haiN| inameM cauthA vikalpa hI anukaraNIya hai| hameM bhItara aura bAhara donoM se sarala banane kA prayAsa karanA caahie| uttama Arjava kI prApti ke lie cAra bAteM anivArya haiM- kAyA kI RjutA, bhASA kI RjutA, bhAvoM kI RjutA aura trividha yogoM kI avisaMvAditA ( ekarUpatA) / RjutA ( saralatA) se vyakti mAyA para vijaya prApta kara Arjava dharma ko prApta karatA hai| Arjava dharma ko prApta karane vAlA vyakti anAcAra kA sevana karake use chupAtA nahIM hai aura na hI asvIkAra karatA hai, kyoMki vaha mAnatA hai ki galatI honA insAna kA svAbhAvika lakSaNa hai| galatI karake use svIkAra karanA Arjava dharma hai| isa prakAra Arjava dharma kI sAdhanA pavitratA kI sAdhanA hai|

Page #137
128 4. mArdava dasa dharmoM meM cauthA dharma hai-maardv| Arjava kI bhAMti mArdava bhI AtmA kA nija svabhAva hai| 'mRdorbhAvaH mArdavam' mArdava kA artha hai-mRdutA, komltaa| mAna kaSAya ke kAraNa vyakti kI mRdutA samApta ho jAtI hai, jisase vaha apane ko bar3A aura dUsaroM ko choTA samajhane lagatA hai| jaina paramparA meM jAti, bala, kula, rUpa, tapa, jJAna, aizvarya aura sattA-ye ATha mada mAne gae haiN| inake kAraNa vyakti ke bhItara ahaMkAra paidA hotA hai| uttama jJAna, tapa, bala Adi hone para bhI apanI AtmA ko mAna kaSAya se malina na hone denA hI uttama mArdava hai| mArdava dharma kI prApti ke lie pahalI zarta hai zarIra Adi para-padArthoM ke prati ekatva buddhi ko chodd'naa| zarIra ke sAtha ekatva buddhi hone para hI jAti, kula, bala Adi kA ahaMkAra AtA hai| mArdava dharma ke prakaTIkaraNa ke lie mana, vacana aura zarIra-tInoM meM mRdutA honA Avazyaka hai| mana se mRdu hone para vaicArika kaThoratA naSTa hotI hai| vacana se mRdu hone para vyakti sabake lie priya banatA hai| zarIra se mRdu hone para vyakti kisI ko pIr3A nahIM phuNcaataa| .. isa prakAra sAdhaka mArdava dharma kI sAdhanA se mAna kaSAya para vijaya prApta karatA hai| 5. lAghava ____ lAghava kA artha hai-hlkaapn| isakA dUsarA nAma AkiMcana dharma bhI hai| jaba taka vyakti bAhya aura Abhyantara parigraha kA tyAga kara akiMcana nahIM banatA taba taka lAghava dharma kI sAdhanA saMbhava nahIM ho paatii| akiMcana kA artha hai-dhana, dhAnya, zarIra Adi bAhya parigraha tathA kaSAya, karma Adi Abhyantara parigraha kA tyAga krnaa|

Page #138
129 inake prati mamatva buddhi kA tyAga krnaa| jisa prakAra bhArI cIja ko tAlAba meM pheMkane para vaha nIce DUba jAtI hai tathA halkI cIja sadaiva sataha para tairatI rahatI hai| usI prakAra jo vyakti parigraha ke bhAra se, usake prati mUrcchA aura Asakti ke bhAra se bhArI hotA hai| vaha saMsAra meM DUbA rahatA hai tathA inase rahita vyakti saMsAra se mukta hotA hai| kintu usake saMgraha jIvana ko calAne ke lie parigraha ko pUrNa rUpa se nahIM chor3A jA sktaa| vastra, pAtra, upakaraNa Adi Avazyaka parigraha ( vastue~) rakhanA hotA hai| parigraha kI sUkSma vyAkhyA karate hue jaina darzana meM kahA gayA- 'vastu apane Apa meM parigraha nahIM hai| kI icchA, usa para mamatva aura mUrcchA kA nAma dharma kI sAdhanA karane vAle ko saMyamopayogI Avazyaka upakaraNoM ke atirikta upakaraNa nahIM rakhane caahie| Avazyaka vastuoM kA bhI dhIre-dhIre saMyama karanA cAhie tathA una para mamatva bilkula bhI nahIM karanA caahie| parigraha hai| lAghava 6. satya jo tattva jaisA hai usako usI rUpa meM samajhanA aura usakA usI rUpa meM kathana karanA satya dharma hai| jaina paramparA meM satya ke sambandha meM gaharAI se cintana kiyA gayA hai| mahAvratoM meM use dvitIya mahAvrata tathA samiti gupti meM bhI use dvitIya sthAna para rakhA gayA hai| gupti meM bolane kA niSedha hai tathA samiti meM kaise bolanA cAhie isakA viveka hai| lekina satya kA sambandha kevala vacana (bolane aura na bolane) taka hI sImita nahIM hai| satya AtmA kA dharma hai| vacana aura zarIra to usakI abhivyakti ke mAdhyama haiN| isa prakAra jo tattva jaisA hai, use vaisA hI jAnanA aura usI rUpa meM rAga-dveSa se rahita hokara vItarAga bhAva meM pariNata honA satya dharma hai|

Page #139
130 satya bolanA sAdhaka kA jIvana-vrata haiN| jaba yaha jIvana vrata jIvana ke kaNa-kaNa meM rama jAtA hai to vaha satya dharma ho jAtA hai| 7. saMyama sama- samyak aura yama-niyaMtraNa ko kahate haiN| samyak prakAra se indriya, mana Adi kA niyaMtraNa karanA saMyama hai| pAMca mahAvratoM ko dhAraNa karanA, pAMca samitiyoM kA pAlana karanA, cAra kaSAyoM kA nigraha karanA tathA pAMca indriyoM ke jItane ko saMyama kahA gayA hai| saMyama hI mukti kA sAkSAt kAraNa hai| saMyama ke mahattva ko batAte hue likhA gayA ki jo muni saMyama meM rata hai vaha devaloka ke sukhoM kA bhI atikramaNa kara detA hai| saMyama kI sAdhanA se mAnasika aura bhautika donoM prakAra kI samasyAoM ko samAdhAna milatA hai| sthAnAMga sUtra meM mana saMyama, vacana saMyama, kAya saMyama aura upakaraNa saMyama - ye cAra prakAra ke saMyama batAye gae haiN| sataraha prakAra ke saMyama kA bhI ullekha milatA hai| - 8. tapa karma-graMthiyoM ko tapAne vAlA anuSThAna tapa dharma hai| tapa ke do bheda kiye gae haiM - bAhya tapa aura Abhyantara tapa / bAhya tapa -anazana, UnodarI, bhikSAcarI, rasaparityAga, kAyakleza aura pratisaMlInatA - ye chaH bAhya tapa haiN| ---- Abhyantara tapa - prAyazcitta, vinaya, vaiyAvRtya, svAdhyAya, dhyAna aura vyutsarga- ye chaH Abhyantara tapa haiN| inakA vistRta vivecana nirjarA tattva ke antargata kiyA gayA hai| 9. tyAga AtmA ke zuddha svarUpa ko grahaNa karake bAhya tathA Abhyantara

Page #140
131 donoM prakAra ke parigraha ko chor3anA tyAga dharma hai| bAhya viSayoM aura padArthoM kA tyAga dravya tyAga hai tathA una viSayoM aura padArthoM ke prati hone vAlI Asakti, mUrchA kA tyAga bhAva tyAga hai| tyAga dharma ke dvArA hI AtmA meM vairAgya bar3hatA hai| tyAga hI saMyama kA mUla AdhAra hai| 10. brahmacarya brahma zabda AtmA kA vAcaka hai| AtmA meM vicaraNa karanA hI brahmacarya dharma hai| yaha AdhyAtmika anubhUti kA prathama sopAna hai| mAnava ke bhItara sthita supta zaktiyoM ko jAgRta karane kA saphala upAya hai| kAmabhoga ke tyAga ko brahmacarya kahA jAtA hai| abrahmacarya ko kiMpAkaphala kI upamA se upamita kiyA gayA hai| jisa prakAra kiMpAka kA phala khAne meM acchA lagatA hai kintu usakA pariNAma acchA nahIM hotaa| usI prakAra kAmabhoga bhogate samaya acche lagate haiM kintu usakA pariNAma acchA nahIM hotA hai| jaba indriyoM kA pravAha antarmukhI banatA hai taba brahmacarya kI sAdhanA hotI hai| indriyoM kA apanI viSayoM kI ora pravAhita honA abrahmacarya hai tathA indriyoM ko Atma-svarUpa meM lIna karanA brahmacarya dharma hai| ___ isa prakAra kSamA, mukti, Arjava, mArdava Adi zramaNa ke dasa dharma batAye gaye haiM, para inakA AcaraNa kevala zramaNa ke lie hI nahIM, pratyeka vyakti ke lie yathAzakya AcaraNIya hai| __ praznAvalI prazna-1. nimnalikhita praznoM ke uttara vistAra se likheM1. jaina AcAra ke AdhAra aura svarUpa ko batAte hue usakI vizeSatAoM para prakAza ddaaleN|

Page #141
132 2. nau tattvoM ko vistAra se smjhaaeN| 3. mokSa ke sAdhaka-bAdhaka tattvoM kA vivecana kreN| 4. jaina darzana ke anusAra ratnatraya kA vivecana kreN| 5. guNasthAna kise kahate haiM? caudaha guNasthAnoM para prakAza ddaaleN| 6. SaDAvazyaka kA vivecana kreN| 7. zramaNa ke dasa dharmoM kA vivecana kreN| prazna-2. nimnalikhita praznoM ke uttara 100 zabdoM meM deM 1. jaina AcAra kA AdhAra kyA hai? 2. nirjarA tattva se kyA samajhate haiM? 3. sAmAyika Avazyaka ko smjhaaeN| 4. samyak darzana se kyA tAtparya hai?

Page #142
133 ikAI-4 AcAra-mImAMsA pratyeka manuSya zAzvata sukha kA abhilASI hotA hai| zAzvata sukha ke lie AdhyAtmika vikAsa Avazyaka hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa AcAra kI zuddhatA ke binA saMbhava nahIM hai| AcAra kI zuddhatA ke lie AcAra-mArga kA anusaraNa Avazyaka hai| AcAra ke do mArga haiM- zramaNAcAra aura shraavkaacaar| saMnyAsa grahaNa kara ahiMsA, satya Adi vratoM kA akhaNDarUpa se pAlana karanA zramaNAcAra hai| gRhastha Azrama meM rahakara ahiMsA, satya Adi bAraha vratoM kA aNurUpa meM pAlana karanA zrAvakAcAra hai| bAraha vratoM ke abhyAsa ke bAda vizeSa sAdhanA ke lie zrAvaka gyAraha pratimAoM ko svIkAra karatA hai| pratimA se tAtparya vizeSa niyama, pratijJA aura saMkalpa se hai| zramaNa aura zrAvaka ke AcAra kA mUla ahiMsA hai| zeSa vrata ahiMsA ke saMpoSaNa ke lie haiN| zrAvaka kI jIvanazailI ke nau sUtroM meM bhI mukhya ahiMsA hai| acchA jIvana jIte hue jIvana ke anta meM saMlekhanA-saMthArA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa ko prApta karane kI kalA jaina dharma meM sikhalAI gaI hai| prastuta ikAI meM zramaNAcAra, zrAvakAcAra, gyAraha pratimA, jaina jIvanazailI, aparigraha-icchA parimANa tathA saMlekhanA-saMthArA kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 1. zramaNAcAra bhAratIya saMskRti kI do mUla dhArAe~ haiM-brAhmaNa saMskRti aura zramaNa sNskRti| brAhmaNa saMskRti ne gRhastha Azrama ko vizeSa mahattva diyA jabaki zramaNa saMskRti ne zramaNa jIvana ko adhika mahattva diyaa| jaina paramparA meM zramaNa aise vyakti ko kahA gayA hai jisakI pravRttiyAM zramaNAcAra kI saMjJA se abhihita hoN| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne do prakAra ke AcAra kA pratipAdana kiyA- zramaNAcAra aura shraavkaacaar| unhoMne kahA pratyeka sAdhaka ko pahale zramaNAcAra kA jJAna karAnA cAhie, usI ke pAlana kA upadeza denA caahie| yadi vaha usake pAlana karane

Page #143
134 meM asamartha ho to use zrAvakAcAra kA upadeza denA caahie| zramaNa kA AcAra mahAvrata kI sAdhanA hai tathA zrAvaka kA AcAra aNuvrata kI sAdhanA hai| jinameM mahAvratoM kA pAlana karane kI kSamatA ho ve mahAvratoM kA pAlana kareM tathA jo zArIrika yA mAnasika dRSTi se apane Apako asamartha pAte haiM, ve aNuvratoM kI sAdhanA kreN| aNuvratoM kI sAdhanA karane vAlA zrAvaka bhI isa satya ko svIkara karatA hai ki maiM mahAvratoM kA pAlana karane meM asamartha hU~, isalie aguvratoM kI sAdhanA ko svIkAra kara rahA huuN| aNuvratoM kI sAdhanA karate hue bhI vaha pratidina yaha manoratha (icchA) karatA hai 'vaha dina kaba AegA jaba maiM bhI gRhastha dharma se mukta ho, gharabAra chor3akara zramaNadharma ko svIkAra kruuNgaa|' isase spaSTa hai ki zramaNa paramparA meM zramaNa jIvana ko hI sarvazreSTha mAnA gayA hai| zramaNa kA tAtparya zramaNa kA artha pApakArI samasta pravRttiyoM (kAryoM) se virati hai| zramaNa kA tAtparya zramaNa zabda kI vyAkhyA se hI spaSTa ho jAtA hai| prAkRta bhASA meM zramaNa ke lie samaNa zabda kA prayoga hotA hai| 'samaNa' zabda ke saMskRta meM tIna rUpAntara hote haiM-1. zramaNa, 2. samana aura 3. shmn| zramaNa-zramaNa zabda zram dhAtu se banA hai| isakA artha hai-shrm-prishrm| jo vyakti apane Atma-vikAsa ke lie parizrama karatA hai, vaha zramaNa hai| samana-samana zabda ke mUla meM sama hai| jo vyakti sabhI prANiyoM ko apane samAna samajhatA hai, anukUla-pratikUla paristhitiyoM meM samabhAva rakhatA hai, vaha zramaNa hai| zamana-zamana zabda kA artha hai-apanI vRttiyoM ko zAnta rkhnaa| jo indriya aura mana para saMyama rakhatA hai, jisake kaSAya zAnta hote haiM, vaha zramaNa hai|

Page #144
135 zramaNa kA AcAra AdhyAtmika jIvana ke utkarSa ko nirantara gatizIla banAe rakhane ke lie vrata, niyama Adi kA pAlana karanA tathA maryAdA- anuzAsana se apane AcAra ko saMvAranA Avazyaka hai| pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca samiti aura tIna gupti kI sAdhanA karanA hI zramaNa kA AcAra hai| * pAMca mahAvrata- 1. ahiMsA mahAvrata, 2. satya mahAvrata, 3. acaurya mahAvrata, 4. brahmacarya mahAvrata aura 5. aparigraha mahAvrata / mahAvrata pAMca samiti - 1. IryA samiti, 2. bhASA samiti, 3. eSaNA samiti, 4. adAna- nikSepa samiti, 5. utsarga samiti / tIna gupti - 1. managupti, 2. vacanagupti aura 3. kAyagupti / mahAn aura vrata - ina do zabdoM se bane mahAvrata kA artha hai-- sarvocca niyama, sArvabhauma niym| mahAvratI sAdhu ahiMsA, satya Adi kA pAlana pUrNarUpa se karatA hai| unake lie kisI bhI paristhiti meM koI apavAda nahIM hotaa| mahAvrata pAMca haiM 1. ahiMsA mahAvrata pAMca mahAvratoM meM pahalA mahAvrata hai-- ahiMsA / isakA dUsarA nAma prANAtipAta - viramaNa bhI hai| saba prakAra kI hiMsA se virata honA ahiMsA mahAvrata hai| zramaNa ko sva aura para donoM prakAra kI hiMsA se virata honA hotA hai| kAma, krodha, lobha, moha Adi dUSita manovRttiyoM ke dvArA AtmA ke svaguNoM kA vinAza karanA sva- 1 -hiMsA / dUsare prANiyoM ko pIr3A aura hAni pahuMcAnA para hiMsA hai| dasavaikAlika sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki zramaNa jAna-bUjhakara yA anajAna meM kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA mana, vacana aura zarIra se na

Page #145
136 svayaM kare, na dUsaroM se karavAye aura na karane vAle kA anumodana kre| isa prakAra zramaNa dharma svIkAra karate samaya vaha tIna karaNa aura tIna yoga se trasa aura sthAvara samasta jIvoM kI hiMsA na karane kA saMkalpa svIkAra karatA hai| prazna hotA hai ki zramaNa ko jIvana calAne ke lie khAnA-pInA, calanA-phiranA, zvAsocchvAsa jaisI kriyAe~ karanA anivArya hotA hai| bahuta sAvadhAnI rakhate hue bhI sUkSma jIvoM kI hiMsA se sarvathA baca pAnA saMbhava pratIta nahIM hotaa| aisI sthiti meM pUrNarUpa se ahiMsA kA pAlana kaise saMbhava ho sakatA hai? isa prazna kA samAdhAna tattvArthasUtra ke 'pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA' isa sUtra se ho jAtA hai| pramAdavaza kisI ke prANoM kA hanana karanA hiMsA hai| jaba zramaNa kA pramattayoga chUTa jAtA hai to prANoM kA atipAta (hanana) hone para bhI use hiMsA kA pApa nahIM lagatA hai aura pramattayoga hone para prANoM kA atipAta na hone para bhI hiMsA hotI hai| ahiMsA kA saMbaMdha prANa-viyojana na karane mAtra se nahIM apitu saMyama se hai| saMyata pravRtti hone para yadi kisI prANI kA vadha ho bhI jAe to vahAM hiMsA nahIM hai| saMyata pravRtti na hone para yadi kisI prANI kA vadha na bhI ho to vahAM para hiMsA hai| isa dRSTi se ahiMsA kI paribhASA hai-'sarvabhUteSu saMyamaH ahiMsA' arthAt prANImAtra ke prati saMyama ahiMsA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM pramAda hiMsA aura apramAda ahiMsA 2. satya mahAvrata - zramaNa kA dUsarA mahAvrata hai-sty| kisI bhI paristhiti meM asatya nahIM bolanA satya mahAvrata hai| zramaNa jIvanabhara ke lie tIna karaNa aura tIna yoga se saba prakAra ke asatya saMbhASaNa kA tyAga karatA hai| jaina AgamoM meM asatya ke cAra prakAra kahe gae haiM

Page #146
1. hote hue nahIM kahanA / 2. nahIM hote hue hAM kahanA / 3. vastu kucha hai phira bhI use kucha aura batA denA / 4. hiMsAkArI, pApakArI aura apriya vacana bolanA / 137 uparyukta cAroM prakAra kA asatya bhASaNa zramaNa ke lie varjita hai| satya kA saMbaMdha kevala vANI se nahIM hotA apitu apanA abhiprAya jatAne kI hara ceSTA se hotA hai| isa dRSTi se satya ke cAra rUpa hote haiM - zarIra kI saralatA, mana kI saralatA, vacana kI saralatA aura kathanI-karanI kI samAnatA / zramaNa sAdhaka ko kaisI bhASA kA prayoga karanA cAhie, isakA vistRta vivecana dasavaikAlika sUtra meM milatA hai| vahAM kahA gayA hai - apriya, ahitakArI, pIr3AkArI aura kaTu satya kA prayoga nahIM karanA caahie| jaise--kAne ko kAnA, aMdhe ko aMdhA Adi nahIM kahanA cAhie / krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, bhaya Adi kAraNoM se vyakti jhUTha bolatA hai| ina kAraNoM se bacane vAlA asatya bhASaNa se apane Apa baca jAtA hai| satya mahAvrata kI sAdhanA ke lie bhASA samiti kA pUrA-pUrA viveka honA caahie| bhASA kI zuddhi ke lie satya, asatya, mizra aura vyavahAra - ina cAra bhASAoM kA jJAna honA cAhie / satya aura vyavahAra bhASA kA prayoga karanA cAhie tathA asatya aura mizrabhASA kA prayoga nahIM karanA caahie| 3. acaurya mahAvrata - zramaNa kA tIsarA mahAvrata hai - acaurya / acaurya kA matalaba hai-- corI nahIM karanA, adatta vastu nahIM lenA / mAlika kI AjJA ke binA, usake diye binA zramaNa apane Apa koI bhI vastu grahaNa nahIM karatA / binA anumati eka tinakA bhI grahaNa karanA corI hai| kisI

Page #147
138 bhI vastu kI AvazyakatA hone para usake svAmI se pUchakara, usake dene para hI grahaNa krnaa| jisa prakAra zramaNa adatta vastu svayaM grahaNa nahIM karatA, usI prakAra dUsaroM se bhI grahaNa nahIM karavAtA hai aura karane vAloM kA anumodana bhI nahIM krtaa| vaha tIna karaNa aura tIna yoga se corI na karane kA jIvana bhara ke lie saMkalpa svIkAra karatA sthAnAMga sUtra kI TIkA meM cAra prakAra ke adatta batAye gae haiM-1. svAmI-adatta, 2. jIva-adatta, 3. tIrthaMkara-adatta aura 4. guruu-adtt| 1. svAmI-adatta-jisa vastu kA jo svAmI hai usakI anumati ke binA vaha vastu grahaNa karanA svAmI-adatta hai| 2. jIva-adatta-svAmI ke dvArA anumati diye jAne para bhI svayaM jIva kI anumati ke binA use grahaNa karanA jIva adatta hai, jaise-phala-phUloM ko grahaNa karanA, jala ko grahaNa karanA aadi| phala-phUloM ke jIvoM ne apane prANoM ke hanana karane kI anumati nahIM dI hai| 3. tIrthakara-adatta-tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ne jisa kArya ko karane kI anumati nahIM dI hai, usakA AcaraNa karanA yA usako grahaNa karanA tIrthaMkara-adatta hai| 4. gurU-adatta-tIrthaMkara bhagavAna dvArA anumati hone para bhI yadi gurU kI AjJA nahIM hai to use grahaNa karanA gurU-adatta hai| isa prakAra acaurya mahAvrata meM binA anumati apane Apa kucha bhI grahaNa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| pUrNa prAmANikatA kA nAma acaurya mahAvrata hai| 4. brahmacarya mahAvrata zramaNa kA cauthA mahAvrata hai-brahmacarya mhaavrt| brahmacarya meM do

Page #148
139 zabda haiM- brahma aura cry| brahma kA artha hai-AtmA aura carya kA artha hai-vicaraNa krnaa| brahmacArI vyakti apanI AtmA meM hI ramaNa karatA hai| zramaNa ke lie maithunaM kA pUrNa tyAga karanA anivArya hai| unake lie mana, vacana evaM kAya se maithuna kA sevana karane, karavAne tathA anumodana karane kA pUrNa niSedha hai| brahmacarya kA matalaba kevala maithuna (saMbhoga) se virata honA hI nahIM hai apitu pAMcoM indriyoM tathA mana ko viSayoM kI Asakti se sarvathA nivRtta rakhane se hai| jaina AgamoM meM brahmacarya kI mahimA batAte hue kahA gayA hai-jo isa duSkara brahmacarya vrata kA pAlana karatA hai use deva, dAnava, yakSa Adi sabhI namaskAra karate haiN| saba tapoM meM brahmacarya uttama tapa hai| brahmacarya kA pAlana karane se manuSya kA anta:karaNa prazasta, gambhIra aura sthira hotA hai| 5. aparigraha mahAvata zramaNa kA pAMcavAM vrata hai-aparigraha mhaavrt| zramaNa ko samasta bAhya (dhana-dhAnya, strI, saMpatti, pazu Adi) aura Abhyantara (krodha, mAna Adi) parigraha kA tyAga karanI hotA hai| zramaNa mana, vacana aura kAya-tInoM se hI na svayaM parigraha rakhatA hai, na rakhavAtA hai aura na parigraha rakhane kA anumodana karatA hai| - yahAM yaha prazna hotA hai ki zramaNa ko bhI jIvanopayogI tathA saMyamopayogI padArthoM kA grahaNa karanA par3atA hai, to vaha pUrNatayA parigraha kA tyAga kaise kara sakatA hai? jIvana-nirvAha ke lie AhAra, pAnI tathA saMyama-nirvAha hetu vastra, pAtra, rajoharaNa Adi upakaraNa lene par3ate haiM? isa prazna kA samAdhAna yaha hai ki jaina darzana ke anusAra parigraha kA vAstavika artha bAhya padArthoM kA saMgraha mAtra nahIM hai apitu padArtha ke prati hone vAlI Asakti aura mUrchAbhAva hai| zramaNa jo vastra, pAtra Adi rakhate haiM, ve saMyama kI sAdhanA meM upayogI hone se rakhate

Page #149
140 . haiM, mamatva yA mUrcchAbhAva se nahIM / zramaNa ke lie dharmopakaraNa ke atirikta vastumAtra kA saMgraha sarvathA varjita hai| mUrcchA kA jahAM taka prazna hai, vaha na dharmopakaraNa ke prati honI cAhie aura na kisI anya vastu pr| zAstroM meM to yahAM taka kahA gayA hai- 'avi appaNo vi dehammi nAyaraMti mamAiyaM' arthAt muni apane zarIra para bhI mamatva na kare, isI meM aparigraha mahAvrata kI pUrNatA hai| ye pAMcoM vrata muni ke lie tIna karaNa (karanA, karavAnA, anumodana karanA) aura tIna yoga ( mana, vacana aura zarIra ) se anivArya rUpa se pAlanIya haiM, samAcaraNIya haiN| 6. rAtribhojanavismaNa vrataM ina pAMca mahAvratoM ke sAtha-sAtha muni ke lie rAtribhojana kA bhI niSedha hai| dasavaikAlika sUtra meM ise chaThA mahAvrata kahA gayA hai| muni sampUrNa rUpa se rAtribhojana kA tyAga karatA hai| rAtribhojana kA niSedha ahiMsA mahAvrata kI rakSA evaM saMyama kI surakSA donoM hI dRSTi se Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| dasavaikAlika sUtra meM kahA gayA - muni sUrya asta ho jAne ke bAda rAtri meM sabhI prakAra ke AhAra Adi ke bhoga kI icchA mana se bhI na kre| ahiMsA vrata kI sAdhanA ke lie jahAM rAtribhojana kA tyAga anivArya mAnA gayA hai, vahIM svAsthya kI dRSTi se bhI rAtribhojana kA tyAga Avazyaka hai| aSTa pravacanamAtA - mahAvratoM kI surakSA aura zuddhatA ke lie samiti aura gupti kA vidhAna hai| samiti aura gupti - donoM kA sammilita nAma uttarAdhyayana meM 'pravacanamAtA' diyA gayA hai| samyag darzana, samyag jJAna aura samyag cAritra isa ratnatrayI ko pravacana kahA jAtA hai| usakI rakSA ke lie pAMca samitiyAM aura tIna guptiyAM inheM pravacana mAtA kahA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra hI nahIM detI, unakA pAlana-poSaNa karatI hai, roga Adi hone para mAtA - sthAnIya haiM ataH mAtA bacce ko janma

Page #150
141 unakA zodhana bhI karatI hai usI taraha samiti-guptirUpa ye aSTa pravacanamAtAe~ zramaNa ke samyak cAritra kA pAlana-poSaNa karatI haiM aura unheM unake lakSya taka pahuMcAne meM sahayogI banatI haiN| ina ATha pravacanamAtAoM meM sArA jina-pravacana samA jAtA hai, isalie bhI inheM mAtA kahA gayA hai| samiti samiti arthAt samyak prvRtti| zramaNa-jIvana meM zarIra dhAraNa ke lie athavA saMyama-nirvAha ke lie jo kriyAe~ kI jAtI haiM, unako vivekapUrvaka, samyak prakAra se karanA samiti hai| yadyapi zramaNa dharma nivRtti pradhAna hai, phira bhI jIvana-caryA ko calAne ke lie calanA, baiThanA, uThanA, bolanA, bhojana karanA, upakaraNa Adi uThAnA aura rakhanA, mala-mUtra kA visarjana karanA Adi kriyAe~ karanI par3atI haiN| ina pravRttiyoM ko jAgarUkatA ke sAtha saMyamapUrvaka sampanna karanA samiti kahalAtA hai| samiti ke pAMca bheda haiM- 1. IryA samiti 2. bhASA samiti 3. eSaNA samiti 4. AdAna-nikSepa samiti 5. utsarga samiti 1. IryA samiti __ isakA sAmAnya artha hai-gamanAgamana viSayaka jaagruuktaa| IryA kA artha hai-gmn| gamana viSayaka sadpravRtti IryA samiti hai| kaise calanA? calate samaya kina bAtoM kA dhyAna rakhanA, yaha viveka IryA samiti meM diyA jAtA hai| zramaNa ke calane kI kriyA isa prakAra kI ho ki usameM yathAsaMbhava kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na ho| use yuga-pramANa bhUmi (zarIraparimANa bhUmi) ko AMkhoM se dekhate hue,

Page #151
142 saMyamapUrvaka calanA cAhie, kyoMki calate samaya dRSTi ko yadi bahuta dUra rakhA jAegA to sUkSma jIva dikhAI nahIM deMge aura yadi dRSTi ko atyanta nikaTa rakhA jAegA to sahasA paira ke nIce Ane vAle jIvoM kI hiMsA se bhI bacA nahIM jA skegaa| isalie zarIra-parimANa kSetra (cAra hAtha bhUmi) dekhakara calane kA vidhAna hai| calate samaya bAtacIta, adhyayana, cintana Adi kArya karane kA bhI niSedha rakhanA caahie| 2. bhASA samiti / .. vivekapUrNa bhASA kA prayoga karanA bhASA-samiti hai| muni kA kAma sarvathA mauna rakhane se nahIM cala sktaa| use aneka kAraNoM se ' aneka prasaMgoM para bolanA par3atA hai kintu AvazyakatAvaza bolate samaya krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, hAsya, bhaya, vAcAlatA aura vikathA ina ATha doSoM se rahita ho bhASA kA prayoga karanA caahie| mere vacanoM se kisI ko kisI prakAra kI pIr3A na pahuMce, isa uddezya se hitakArI vacana bolanA bhASA samiti hai| bolane se pahale aura bolate samaya kina-kina bAtoM kA dhyAna rakhanA cAhie, yaha viveka bhASA samiti meM diyA jAtA hai| jaise-calate samaya nahIM bolanA cAhie, rAtri meM eka prahara ke bAda jora se nahIM bolanA cAhie, karkaza aura kaThora bhASA nahIM bolanI caahie| hamezA satya vacana, priya vacana aura hitakArI vacana bolanA caahie| isa prakAra bhASA samiti satya mahAvrata ke pAlana karane meM sahAyaka hotI hai| 3. eSaNA samiti AhAra yA bhikSAcaryA kA viveka eSaNA samiti kahalAtA hai| eSaNA kA sAmAnya artha-AvazyakatA, cAha, gaveSaNA, khoja karanA Adi hai| jIvana ko calAne ke lie bhojana, pAnI, sthAna Adi kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| zramaNa apanI AvazyakatA kI pUrti yAcanA ke dvArA karatA hai| AhAra, pAnI, vastra, sthAna Adi kI khoja yA yAcanA

Page #152
143 vivekapUrvaka karanA eSaNA samiti hai| muni ko nirdoSa AhAra, pAnI Adi vastuoM kI khoja karanI caahie| utanA hI AhAra Adi grahaNa karanA cAhie, jisase dAtA ko kaSTa na ho| jisa prakAra bhramara phUloM ko binA kaSTa pahuMcAe unase thor3A-thor3A rasa grahaNa karatA hai, usI prakAra muni dAtA ko kaSTa na pahuMce isa bAta ko dhyAna meM rakhakara AhAra Adi grahaNa karatA hai| eSaNA ke tIna bheda haiM-gaveSaNA, grahaNaiSaNA aura pribhogaissnnaa| 1. gaveSaNA-doSarahita zuddha AhAra kI khoja karanA gaveSaNA ___ 2. grahaNeSaNA-doSarahita zuddha AhAra upalabdha hone para use grahaNa karate samaya jina-jina niyamoM kA pAlana karanA hotA hai, vaha grahaNaiSaNA hai| 3. paribhogaiSaNA-upalabdha AhAra kA bhoga karate samaya jina-jina niyamoM kA pAlana karanA hotA hai, vaha paribhogaiSaNA hai| -- AhAra, pAnI Adi kI eSaNA karate samaya kina-kina bAtoM kA dhyAna rakhanA cAhie, yaha viveka eSaNA samiti meM diyA jAtA hai| eSaNA ke niyamoM ko samajhakara saMyamI jIvana ke lie upayogI vastuoM ko grahaNa karanA caahie| unake grahaNa aura upayoga karane meM kisI jIva kI hiMsA yA virAdhanA na ho, yaha viveka rakhanA hI eSaNA samiti hai| 4. AdAna-nikSepa samiti __AdAna kA artha hai-vastu ko uThAnA, grahaNa karanA tathA nikSepa kA artha hai-vastu ko nIce rkhnaa| kisI bhI vastu ko grahaNa karate samaya arthAt uThAte samaya aura rakhate samaya sAvadhAnI rakhanA AdAna-nikSepa samiti hai| kisI bhI vastu ko uThAte yA rakhate samaya sthAna Adi ko dekhakara isa prakAra rakhanA cAhie ki sUkSma se sUkSma

Page #153
144 jIvoM kI bhI hiMsA na ho| vastu ko uThAte aura rakhate samaya kina bAtoM kA dhyAna rakhanA cAhie yaha viveka AdAna-nikSepa samiti meM diyA jAtA hai| jaise binA dekhe sahasA kisI vastu ko nahIM uThAnA, asthira yA caMcala citta se nahIM utthaanaa| acchI taraha dekhakara, pramArjita kara, usake bAda upayoga meM lenA aura kArya pUrNa hone para jAgarUkatApUrvaka yathAsthAna para rakhanA AdAna -1 na-nikSepa samiti hai| 5. utsarga samiti utsarga kA artha hai - chor3anA / AhAra ke sAtha nihAra kA krama bhI calatA hai| muni dvArA tyAgane yogya zArIrika mala, mUtra, kapha, nAka aura zarIra kA maila, apathya AhAra Adi anupayogI vastuoM kA visarjana ekAnta tathA jIva-jantu se rahita sthAna meM karanA utsarga samiti hai| anupayogI vastuoM kA utsarga kaise sthAna meM kisa prakAra karanA cAhie, yaha viveka utsarga samiti meM diyA jAtA hai| jaise - mala-mUtra Adi kA utsarga aise sArvajanika sthAnoM para na kareM, jisase lokopavAda ho sakatA hai| apathya AhAra Adi aise sthAna para na DAleM jahAM cIMTiyA~ Ane kI saMbhAvanA ho / anupayogI vastu kA pariSThApana (utsarga) karane ke bAda 'vosirAmi' (isa vastu se merA aba koI prayojana nahIM hai) zabda ko tIna bAra boleN| isa prakAra ekAnta, jIva-jantu rahita bhUmi para anupayogI vastu kA tyAga karanA utsarga samiti hai| gupti gupti zabda gopana se banA hai, jisakA artha hai - khIMca lenA, dUra kara lenA / gupti kA artha rakSA bhI hai| mana, vacana, kAyA ke sAtha jaba gupti kA yoga hotA hai to usakA artha hai- mana, vacana, kAya kI akuzala pravRttiyoM se rakSA tathA kuzala pravRttiyoM meM saMyojana karanA / tattvArthasUtra meM 'samyagyoganigraho guptiH' kahakara yoga

Page #154
145 ( pravRtti) ke samyak nigraha ko gupti kahA gayA hai| jaise kheta kI surakSA ke lie bAr3a tathA nagara kI rakSA ke lie prAkAra aura khAI hotI hai, isI taraha pApoM ke nirodha ke lie guptiyoM kA vidhAna kiyA gayA hai| yoga kI trividhatA ke kAraNa gupti ke bhI tIna bheda kahe gae haiM 1. manogupti, 2. vacanagupti, 3. kAyagupti / 1. manogupti mana kA sarvathA nigraha karanA athavA mana kI asaMyata pravRtti kA nigraha karanA manogupti hai| saraMbha, samAraMbha aura AraMbha meM pravRtta hue mana ko rokanA manogupti hai| 1. saraMbha - kisI ko mArane kI icchA karanA saraMbha hai| 2. samAraMbha - mArane ke sAdhanoM para vicAra karanA samAraMbha hai| 3. AraMbha - mArane kI kriyA ko prArambha karane kA vicAra . karanA AraMbha hai| - isa prakAra mAnasika saraMbha, samAraMbha aura AraMbha se mana ko haTA lenA manogupti hai| 2. vacanagupti vacana kA sarvathA nigraha karanA athavA vacana kI asaMyata pravRtti kA nigraha karanA vacanagupti hai| saraMbha, samAraMbha aura AraMbha meM pravRtta hue vacana ko rokanA vacanagupti hai| saraMbha - duSTa vacana bolane kA vicAra karanA vAcika saraMbha hai| samAraMbha - duSTa vacana bolane kI taiyArI karanA vAcika samAraMbha hai|

Page #155
146 AraMbha-duSTa vacana bola denA vAcika AraMbha hai| ... isa prakAra vAcika saraMbha, samAraMbha aura AraMbha se vacana ko haTA lenA vacanagupti hai| 3. kAyagupti - zarIra kI pravRtti kA sarvathA nigraha karanA athavA zarIra kI asaMyata pravRtti kA nigraha karanA kAyagupti hai| saraMbha, samAraMbha aura AraMbha meM pravRtta hue zarIra ko rokanA kAyagupti hai| saraMbha-prahAra karane kI dRSTi se lAThI, muSTi Adi uThAnA kAyika saraMbha hai| samAraMbha-dUsaroM ke lie pIr3AkAraka muSTi Adi kA prayoga karanA kAyika samAraMbha hai| AraMbha-prANI vadha meM zarIra kI pravRtti karanA kAyika Arambha hai| isa prakAra kAyika saraMbha, samAraMbha aura Arambha se zarIra ko haTA lenA kAyagupti hai| __ jaina darzana ke anusAra gupti nivRtti pradhAna tathA samiti pravRtti pradhAna hotI hai| phira bhI pravRtti aura nivRtti eka hI sikke ke do pahalU haiN| ataH pravRtti meM nivRtti aura nivRtti meM pravRtti kA aMza rahatA hai| azubha bhAvoM se nivRtti kA artha zubha bhAvoM meM pravRtti karanA hai aura zubha bhAvoM meM pravRtti kA artha azubha bhAvoM se nivRtti hotA hai| pUrNa nivRtti kI avasthA caudahaveM ayogIkevalI guNasthAna meM prApta hotI hai| gupti ke lAbha gaNadhara gautama ne bhagavAna mahAvIra se pUchA-bhaMte! gupti kI . sAdhanA se jIva ko kyA prApta hotA hai? bhagavAna ne kahA-gautama!

Page #156
147 manogupti ke abhyAsa se jIva ekAgratA ko prApta karatA hai| ekAgracitta vAlA vyakti mana se kabhI bhI azubha saMkalpa nahIM karatA, sadA zubha saMkalpa karatA hai| vacanagupti se nirvicAratA prApta hotI hai, vicAra samApta ho jAte haiM tathA kAyagupti se jIva Azrava kA nirodha aura saMvara ko prApta karatA hai| ___ isa prakAra pAMca samiti aura tIna gupti-ye aSTa pravacanamAtAe~ zramaNa jIvana kA AdhAra haiN| isake AdhAra para vaha pAMca mahAvratoM kA samyak prakAra se pAlana kara sakatA hai| aura samUce AcAra ko vizaddha banA sakatA hai| pAMca mahAvrata, pAMca samiti aura tIna gupti kI AjIvana akhaNDa ArAdhanA karanA hI zramaNa kA AcAra-zramaNAcAra ___2. zrAvakAcAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ne cAra tIrtha kI sthApanA kI-sAdhu, sAdhvI, zrAvaka aura shraavikaa|. sAdhu-sAdhvI kA AcAra zramaNAcAra kahalAtA hai tathA zrAvaka aura zrAvikA kA AcAra zrAvakAcAra kahalAtA hai| AcaraNa kI pavitratA hI mAnava-jIvana kA sarvasva hai| jaina darzana meM jaise samyag jJAna kA mahattva hai, vaise hI samyag AcaraNa kA mahattva hai| kevala jJAna yA kevala AcaraNa se mokSa nahIM milatA, kintu donoM ke ucita saMyoga se hI mokSa milatA hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra zrAvaka vyApAra Adi ke dvArA parivAra kA nirvAha karate hue bhI dharma kI ArAdhanA kara sakatA hai| eka zrAvaka ahiMsA kA pUrNa rUpa se pAlana to nahIM kara sakatA kintu vaha anAvazyaka hiMsA ko chor3a sakatA hai| anAvazyaka hiMsA ko chor3anA dharma hai| isI prakAra bar3I jhUTha, bar3I corI kA parihAra karanA, parastrI kA tyAga karanA aura anAvazyaka dhana-saMgraha nahIM karanA bhI dharma hai| zrAvaka apanI zakti ke anusAra jitanA saMbhava ho sakatA hai, tyAga karane kA prayAsa karatA hai| .

Page #157
148 zrAvaka kI paribhASA zrAvaka ke AcAra ko samajhane se pUrva zrAvaka zabda kA jJAna honA Avazyaka hai| zrAvaka zabda saMskRta ke 'zru' dhAtu se banA hai, jisakA artha hai-sunnaa| jo zramaNa ke upadeza ko zraddhApUrvaka sunakara usakA AcaraNa karatA hai, vaha zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| zrAvaka kA AcAra - bhagavAna mahAvIra ne zrAvaka ke lie bAraha vratoM kA vidhAna kiyA hai| unameM se pAMca aNuvrata, tIna guNavrata aura cAra zikSAvrata kahalAte haiN| pAMca aNuvrata-1. ahiMsA aNuvrata, 2. satya aNuvrata, 3. acaurya aNuvrata, 4. brahmacarya (svadAra saMtoSa) aNuvrata, 5. aparigraha (icchAparimANa) annuvrt| . tIna guNavata-1. digvrata, 2. bhogopabhoga-parimANa vrata, 3. anarthadaNDa-viramaNa vrt| .. cAra zikSAvrata-1. sAmAyika vrata, 2. dezAvakAsika vrata, 3. pauSadhopavAsa vrata, 4. atithi-saMvibhAga vrt| pAMca aNuvrata bAraha vratoM meM prathama pAMca aNuvrata haiN| aNuvrata kA artha hai-choTA aura vrata kA artha hai-niym| zramaNa hiMsA Adi kA pUrNa rUpa se tyAga karate haiM ataH unake vrata mahAvrata kahalAte haiN| zrAvaka una vratoM kA pAlana AMzika rUpa se karatA hai ataH unake vrata aNuvrata kahalAte haiN| aNuvrata pAMca haiN| 1. ahiMsA aNuvrata zrAvaka kA prathama vrata ahiMsA aNuvrata hai| isameM zrAvaka sthUla

Page #158
149 hiMsA se virata hotA hai ata: isakA eka nAma sthUla prANAtipAta-viramaNa bhI hai| sthUla hiMsA kA tAtparya dvIndriya, trIndriya Adi sthUla jIvoM kI hiMsA se hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra jIva do prakAra ke hote hai-sUkSma aura sthuul| apane jIvana ko calAne ke lie zrAvaka ko sUkSma jIvoM pRthvI, pAnI, vanaspati Adi kI hiMsA karanI par3atI hai kintu inakI bhI vaha anAvazyaka hiMsA nahIM karatA hai| zramaNa mana, vacana aura kAyA se kisI bhI prANI kI, cAhe vaha trasa ho yA sthAvara ho, na svayaM hiMsA karatA hai, na dUsaroM se karavAtA hai aura na hI karane vAloM kA samarthana karatA hai| isa prakAra zramaNa, hiMsA kA tIna yoga (mana, vacana, kAyA) aura tIna karaNa (karanA, karavAnA aura samarthana karanA) se tyAga karatA hai| zrAvaka isa prakAra hiMsA kA pUrNa rUpa se tyAga nahIM kara sktaa| vaha kevala trasa prANiyoM kI hiMsA se virata hotA hai| usakI yaha virati tIna yoga aura do karaNa se hotI hai| vaha niraparAdha prANiyoM ko mana, vacana, kAyA se na svayaM mAratA hai aura na dUsaroM se maravAtA hai| kintu paristhiti vizeSa meM sthUla hiMsA ke samarthana kI usako chUTa hotI hai| . jaina darzana meM hiMsA ke cAra prakAra mAne gae haiM--saMkalpI, ArambhI, udyogI aura virodhii| inameM se zrAvaka saMkalpI hiMsA kA tyAgI hotA hai| vaha saMkalpapUrvaka kisI bhI trasaprANI kI hiMsA nahIM krtaa| apane vyavasAya Adi meM tathA dainika kAryoM meM bhI kabhI-kabhI trasa jIvoM kI hiMsA ho jAtI hai kintu vaha saMkalpapUrvaka unakI hiMsA nahIM karatA ataH hiMsA ho jAne para bhI usakA vrata bhaMga nahIM hotA 2. satya aNuvrata zrAvaka kA dUsarA vrata satya aNuvrata hai| zrAvaka pUrNa satya bolane kA vrata nahIM le sakatA kyoMki use kabhI-kabhI paristhitivaza asatya-saMbhASaNa karanA par3atA hai| parantu yadi vaha sAvadhAnI rakhe to

Page #159
150 bar3A jhUTha bolane kA tyAga kara sakatA hai| aisA jhaTha, jisake bolane se kisI kA bahuta bar3A nukasAna ho, kisI nirdoSa prANI kI hatyA ho, aise asatya saMbhASaNa kA tyAga karanA satya aNuvrata hai| jisa prakAra zrAvaka hiMsA kA tyAga tIna yoga do karaNa se karatA hai usI prakAra asatya kA tyAga bhI vaha tIna yoga aura do karaNa se karatA hai| ___ dasavaikAlika sUtra meM batAyA gayA hai ki vyakti krodha, lobha, bhaya yA hAsyavaza asatya bhASaNa karatA hai| ataH zrAvaka ke lie kahA gayA ki use apane ina bhAvoM para niyaMtraNa rakhanA caahie| 3. acaurya aNuvrata zrAvaka kA tIsarA vrata acaurya aNuvrata hai| isameM vaha sthUla corI se tIna yoga aura do karaNa se virata hotA hai| sthUla corI kA tyAga karane para usakA jIvana loka-vyavahAra kI dRSTi se vizvasanIya aura prAmANika bana jAtA hai| zrAvaka pUrNa rUpa se corI ko nahIM chor3a sakatA kintu DAkA DAlakara, tAlA tor3akara, lUTa-khasoTakara, bar3I corI kA tyAga karanA acaurya aNuvrata hai| jisa corI se rAjadaNDa mile aura loga nindA kareM, vaisI corI bahuta ghRNita mAnI jAtI hai| use chor3anA pratyeka zrAvaka kA hI nahIM, pratyeka sabhya vyakti kA kartavya hai| 4. brahmacarya aNuvrata (svadAra-saMtoSa vrata) zrAvaka kA cauthA vrata brahmacarya aNuvrata hai| ise svadAra-saMtoSa vrata bhI kahA jAtA hai| zrAvaka saMnyAsI nahIM hotaa| apanI vaMza paramparA ko calAne ke lie. vaha vivAha karatA hai| apanI patnI meM hI saMtoSa karanA svadArasaMtoSa vrata hai| dUsare zabdoM meM vezyAgamana aura para-strI saMbhoga kA tyAga karanA tathA apanI strI ke sAtha bhI saMbhoga kI maryAdA karanA brahmacarya aNuvrata hai| isI prakAra strI para-puruSa ke sAtha saMbhoga kA tyAga karatI hai tathA apane pati ke sAtha saMbhoga

Page #160
151 kI maryAdA karatI hai| kAmukatA kA jitane aMzoM meM tyAga kiyA jAtA hai, vaha brahmacarya aNuvrata hai| 5. aparigraha aNuvrata (icchAparimANa vrata) zrAvaka kA pAMcavAM vrata aparigraha-icchAparimANa vrata hai| zrAvaka pUrNa aparigrahI nahIM ho sakatA kyoMki jIvana kI nyUnatama AvazyakatAeM parigraha se hI pUrI hotI hai| sonA, cAMdI, makAna, dhana Adi saba parigraha haiN| parigraha ke saMgraha kI maryAdA karanA aparigraha aNuvrata hai| duniyAM meM dhana-saMgraha kI koI sImA nahIM hai| manuSya jaise-jaise usakA saMgraha karatA hai, lAlasA bar3hatI hI jAtI hai| isa bar3hatI lAlasA ko rokane ke lie aparigraha aNuvrata kA vidhAna hai| isakA dUsarA nAma icchA-parimANa bhI hai| icchAeM ananta haiN| ve kabhI pUrI nahIM hotii| eka icchA pUrI hotI hai to dUsarI icchA utpanna ho jAtI hai| una bar3hatI huI icchAoM kI sImA karanA icchA-parimANa vrata hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne padArtha ke prati mUrchA-Asakti ko bhI parigraha kahA hai| zrAvaka ko apanI icchAoM kA sImAkaraNa karanA cAhie tathA jina Avazyaka padArthoM kA saMgraha vaha karatA hai, unake prati bhI mamatva nahIM karanA caahie| guNavata , zrAvaka ke dvArA svIkAra kie jAne vAle bAraha vrato meM pAMca aNuvrata to mUlavrata haiM aura zeSa sAta vrata guNavrata aura zikSAvrata haiN| guNavratoM kA vidhAna aNuvratoM ke vikAsa ke lie kiyA gayA hai| isalie aNuvratoM ko sonA tathA guNavratoM ko sone kI camaka-damaka bar3hAne vAle paoNliza ke samAna kahA gayA hai| aNuvrata ke pAlana meM jo kaThinAiyAM AtI hai, una kaThinAiyoM ko guNavrata dUra karate haiN| guNavrata ke dvArA aNuvrata kI sImA meM rahI huI maryAdA ko ora saMkucita kiyA jAtA hai| aNuvratoM kI puSTi hetu tIna guNavrata batAye gae haiM

Page #161
152 1. dizAparimANa vrata (digvrata), 2. bhogopabhogaparimANa vrata, -- 3. anarthadaNDaviramaNa vrt| 6. dizA-parimANa vrata - tIna guNavratoM meM pahalA guNavrata dizA-parimANa vrata hai| ise digvrata bhI kahA jAtA hai| dig arthAt dishaa| zrAvaka ko apane vyApAra yA anya kAryavaza sabhI dizAoM meM yAtrA karanI par3atI hai| pUrva-pazcima Adi sabhI dizAoM meM eka sImA nizcita kara usa sImA se bAhara hara taraha ke sAvadha kArya karane kA tyAga karanA digvrata yA dizA-parimANa vrata hai| yaha vrata zrAvaka ke hiMsA, asatya, corI, parigrahavRtti Adi ke jo vistRta kSetra haiM, unheM sImita kara detA hai| jisa zrAvaka ne isa vrata ko svIkAra kiyA hai use isakA atikramaNa nahIM karanA caahie| 7. bhogopabhoga-parimANa vrata - zrAvaka kA dUsarA guNavrata bhogopabhoga-parimANavata hai| jo vastu eka bAra upayoga meM AtI hai use bhoga kahate haiM, jaise- bhojana, pAnI aadi| jo vastu bAra-bAra upayoga meM AtI hai use upabhoga kahate haiM, jaise-makAna, vastra, palaMgaM aadi| bhoga aura upabhoga meM Ane vAlI vastuoM kA sImAkaraNa karanA bhogopabhogaparimANa vrata hai| yaha vrata ahiMsA aura aparigraha kI rakSA ke lie hai| isameM zrAvaka svAda yA Asaktivaza bhogoM kA sevana nahIM karatA apitu AvazyakatAvaza unakA upabhoga karatA hai| dizAparimANa vrata meM zrAvaka maryAdita kSetra se bAhara ke padArtha Adi ke bhogoM se virata hotA hai kintu nirdhArita kSetra ke antargata padArthoM ke bhogopabhoga se sarvathA khulA rahatA hai, kintu isa vrata ko svIkAra karane vAlA zrAvaka maryAdita kSetra meM bhI dravya, kSetra kAla se padArthoM ke bhoga kI sImA

Page #162
. 153 kara letA hai| jaise amuka-amuka padArthoM kA sevana nahIM karUMgA, amuka padArtha itanI bAra se adhika bAra kAma meM nahIM lUMgA yA amuka padArtha itane samaya taka hI kAma meM lUMgA aadi| 8. anarthadaNDaviramaNa vrata .. zrAvaka kA tIsarA guNavrata anarthadaNDa viramaNa vrata hai| apane . tathA apane parivAra ke jIvana-nirvAha ke lie zrAvaka ko Avazyaka hiMsA karanI par3atI hai, usase vaha baca nahIM sktaa| kintu binA prayojana ke kI jAne vAlI hiMsAtmaka pravRtti kA tyAga karanA anarthadaNDaviramaNa vrata hai| isa guNavrata se pradhAnatayA ahiMsA aura aparigraha kA poSaNa hotA hai| isa vrata ko svIkAra karane vAlA zrAvaka nirarthaka kisI kI hiMsA nahIM karatA aura na nirarthaka vastu kA saMgraha hI karatA hai| kriyAe~ do prakAra kI hotI haiM-sArthaka aura nirrthk| sArthaka kriyAe~ ve haiM jinheM sampAdita karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| zeSa anAvazyaka kriyAe~ nirarthaka kriyAe~ haiN| sArthaka sAvadha kriyAoM ko karanA arthadaNDa hai aura nirarthaka pApapUrNa kriyAoM ko karanA anarthadaNDa hai| anarthadaNDa ke aneka udAharaNa haiM, jaise-snAna Adi kAryoM meM AvazyakatA se adhika jala kA apavyaya karanA, AvazyakatA se adhika vRkSa ke patto, puSpoM ko tor3anA, nala kI ToTI; bijalI athavA paMkhoM ko khulA chor3a denA aadi| cAra zikSAvrata zikSA kA artha hai-abhyaas| jisa prakAra vidyArthI punaH punaH vidyA kA abhyAsa karatA hai, usI prakAra zrAvaka ko kucha vratoM kA punaH punaH abhyAsa karanA par3atA hai| isI abhyAsa ke kAraNa ina vratoM ko zikSAvrata kahA gayA hai| aNuvrata aura guNavrata eka hI bAra jIvanabhara ke lie grahaNa kiye jAte haiN| zikSAvrata bAra-bAra grahaNa kiye jAte haiN| zikSAvrata cAra haiM

Page #163
154 1. sAmAyika vrata, 2. dezAvakAsika vrata, 3. pauSadha vrata, 4. atithi-saMvibhAga vrt| 9. sAmAyika vrata pahalA zikSAvrata sAmAyika hai| sAmAyika sama aura Aya-ina do zabdoM ke saMyoga se banA hai| sama kA artha hai-samatA, smbhaav| Aya kA artha hai-lAbha, praapti| jisase samabhAva kA lAbha yA samatA kI prApti hotI hai, use sAmAyika kahate haiN| jaina paramparA meM eka muhUrta (48 miniTa) taka sAvadya-pravRtti kA tyAga kara samabhAva meM sthira hone kA abhyAsa karanA sAmAyika vrata hai| 10. dezAvakAsika vrata . dUsarA zikSAvrata dezAvakAsika vrata hai| eka nizcita avadhi ke lie hiMsA, asatya Adi kA tyAga karanA dezAvakAzika vrata hai| pAMca aNuvratoM aura tIna guNavratoM meM jo tyAga kie jAte haiM, ve jIvanabhara ke lie kie jAte haiM, kintu jo zrAvaka inakA tyAga jIvanabhara ke lie na karake do-cAra varSoM ke lie karatA hai, to ve saba tyAga (vrata) dezAvakAsika vrata meM Ate haiN| ___ dizAparimANavrata meM jIvanabhara ke lie dizAoM kI maryAdA kI jAtI hai| una dizAoM kI maryAdAoM ke parimANa meM kucha ghaMToM yA dinoM ke lie vizeSa maryAdA nizcita karanA. dezAvakAsika vrata hai| isI prakAra bhogopabhoga-parimANa vrata meM jo sImA nirdhArita kI gaI usakA bhoga bhI pratidina nahIM kiyA jAtA, usa nirdhArita sImA kA kucha ghaMToM yA dinoM ke lie saMkucita karanA dezAvakAsika vrata hai| upalakSaNa se anya vratoM kI svIkRta maryAdAoM ko saMkucita karanA bhI isa vrata meM samAhita hai|

Page #164
155 11. pauSadhopavAsa vrata tIsarA zikSAvrata pauSadhopavAsa vrata hai| aSTamI, caturdazI, pUrNimA, amAvasyA tathA anya kisI tithi meM upavAsa ke sAtha zArIrika sAja-sajjA ko chor3akara eka dina-rAta taka sAvadya pravRtti kA tyAga karanA pauSadhavrata hai| cauvihAra upavAsa ke binA pauSadha vrata nahIM hotA / tivihAra upavAsa kara jo cAra prahara yA adhika samaya taka pauSadha kiyA jAtA hai, vaha pauSadhavrata nahIM apitu dezAvakAsika vrata hI hotA hai| vyavahAra meM use pauSadha kaha diyA jAtA hai| ATha prahara taka jo pauSadhaM kiyA jAtA hai vaha pratipUrNa pauSadha kahalAtA hai| pauSadhakAla meM zrAvaka sAdhu kI taraha ho jAtA hai| / vaha utane samaya ke lie gRhastha dvArA kiye jAne vAle sabhIsAvadya kAryoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| pauSadha meM vaha mukhya rUpa se Atma-cintana, Atma- ma-zodhana aura Atma-vikAsa kI dizA meM puruSArtha karatA hai| - isa vrata kI ArAdhanA meM eka dina-rAta (24 ghaMTe) ke lie nimna bAtoM ke tyAga kiye jAte haiM --- 1. cAroM AhAra ke tyAga / 2. kAmabhog2a ke tyAga arthAt brahmacarya kA pAlana / 3. sone, cAMdI, hIre Adi ke bahumUlya AbhUSaNoM kA tyaag| 4. mAlA, gaMdha Adi dhAraNa kA tyaag| 5. hiMsaka upakaraNoM evaM samasta doSapUrNa pravRttiyoM kA tyAga / 12. atithisaMvibhAga vrata cauthA zikSAvrata atithisaMvibhAga vrata hai| atithi kA artha hai - jisake Ane kI koI bhI tithi, dina yA samaya nizcita nahIM hai| jo binA sUcanA ke anAyAsa A jAye, vaha atithi hai| usa atithi ko apane lie taiyAra kiye gae bhojana Adi padArthoM meM se

Page #165
156 vibhAga kara denA atithisaMvibhAgavata hai| isameM mukhya rUpa se pAMca mahAvratadhArI sAdhu-saMtoM ko atithi kahA gayA hai| sAdhu ko zuddha dAna dene kI bhAvanA rakhanA pratyeka zrAvaka-zrAvikA kA kartavya hai| sAdhu ke nimitta koI vastu pakAkara, bAjAra se maMgavAkara yadi use dI jAtI hai to vaha azuddha dAna hai| svayaM ke lie banAI gaI, maMgavAI gaI vastu kA hI dAna denA zuddha dAna hai| sAdhu ko azuddha dAna dene kA tyAga karanA aura zuddha dAna denA atithisaMvibhAga vrata hai| bAraha vratoM kI upayogitA ___ AcArya mahAprajJajI ne apanI pustaka jIva-ajIva meM zrAvaka ke bAraha vratoM kI upayogitA ko batAte hue likhA hai- .. 1. hiMsA kI bhAvanA se paraspara vaimanasya bar3hatA hai| usase virodhI bhAvanA balavatI banatI hai| usase mAnavatA naSTa hotI hai| ataH hiMsA tyAjya hai| zrAvaka ke pahale vrata kA uddezya hai-'mettI meM savva bhUesu veraM majjha na keNai'- saba prANiyoM ke sAtha merI maitrI hai, kisI ke sAtha vaira-bhAvanA nahIM hai| 2. samAja ke sAre vyavahAra kA AdhAra satya hai| usake binA eka dina bhI kAma nahIM cala sktaa| lena-dena ke binA kAma nahIM calatA aura vaha vizvAsa ke binA nahIM hotA aura vizvAsa satya ke binA nahIM hotaa| isalie satya sadA apekSita hai| 3. dUsaroM para adhikAra jamAne, lUTa-khasoTa karane, DAkA DAlane aura AkramaNa karane se azAMti kA vAtAvaraNa paidA hotA hai| janatA tilamilA uThatI hai| cAroM ora bhaya chA jAtA hai| ataH sthAyI zAMti ke lie sabhI aparAdhoM kA tyAga karanA sabake lie anivArya hai| zrAvaka ke asteya-vrata kI yaha eka mahattI upayogitA hai| corI sAmAjika viSa hai| samAja kI unnati ke lie bhI isa viSa kA nAza apekSita hotA hai|

Page #166
157 4. brahmacarya hI jIvana hai| usake binA manuSya niHsatva, balahIna, dIna aura suSupta bana jAtA hai| brahmacArI kA AtmavizvAsa aTala hotA hai| use nyAyamArga se koI vicalita nahIM kara sktaa| brahmacArI kA Atmabala bar3A vicitra hotA hai| zakti-sampanna samAja ke nirmANa meM brahmacarya kA bahuta bar3A yoga hai| ____5. dhana-dhAnya Adi vastuoM kA AvazyakatA se adhika saMcaya karanA sArvajanika hita ke pratikUla hai| samAjavAdI kahate haiM ki eka dhanakubera ho aura dUsarA ekadama daridra-aisI vyavasthA hama dekhanA nahIM caahte| aparigraha-vrata kA hArda bhI yahI hai ki anAvazyaka vastuoM kA saMgraha mata kro|| 6. dig-vrata se vistAravAdI manovRtti kama hotI hai| sabhI dizAoM meM jAne kI maryAdAe~ ho jAne para sahaja hI zoSaNa aura AkramaNa jaisI sthitiyoM samApta ho jAtI haiN| jinameM vistAravAdI bhAvanAe~ hotI haiM, ve vyApAra karane va dUsaroM para adhikAra karane ko dUra-dUra taka jAte haiN| kintu digvratI bahuta dUra taka yA to jAtA hI nahIM aura jAtA hai to vyApAra yA AkramaNa ke lie nahIM jaataa| ___7. kahA jAtA hai ki apane deza kI udyoga-vRddhi ke lie videzI vastuoM kA upabhoga mata kro| bhogya padArthoM kA adhika saMcaya mata kro| sAtaveM vrata ko acchI taraha apanA lene se yaha bAta sahaja hI phalita ho jAtI hai| jo vyakti pratijJA karatA hai ki maiM apane deza meM banI huI vastu ke atirikta anya kisI vastu ko kAma meM nahIM lAU~gA, itanI se adhika vastuoM ko kAma meM nahIM lAU~gA, taba usase Atma-kalyANa ke sAtha-sAtha deza kI unnati sahaja hI ho jAtI hai| 8. gRhastha apane svArtha ke lie hiMsA karatA hai para use kama se kama anartha pApa se avazya bacanA caahie| binA prayojana

Page #167
158 calate-phirate kisI jIva ko mAra DAlanA, gAlI denA, jhagar3A karanA, IrSyA karanA, dveSa karanA, binA matalaba pAnI girAnA, vanaspati ko kucalate hue calanA, agni ko jalAkara chor3a denA, ghI-tela Adi ke bartanoM ko khulA rakha denA - ityAdi aise aneka kAma haiM, jinase bacanA Atma-kalyANa ke lie to upayogI hai hI, sAmAjika dRSTi se bhI upAdeya hai| - 9. samatA sabase bar3A sukha hai| viSamatA duHkha hai| gRhastha samatA kI ArAdhanA se vaMcita na rahe, isalie nauveM vrata kA vidhAna hai| eka muhUrta taka Atma-cintana Adi ke dvArA samatA ( sAmAyika) kI ArAdhanA karane se vAstavika zAnti kA anubhava hotA hai| 10. dainika caryA kI vizuddhi ke lie dasavAM vrata hai| khAne-pIne yA bhogya padArthoM kI duniyA meM kamI nahIM hai| manuSya lolupatA ke vazIbhUta hokara unakA adhika se adhika upabhoga karatA hai| | parantu usase zarIrika evaM mAnasika - donoM taraha kI hAni hotI hai| dasavAM vrata sikhAtA hai ki bhogya-padArthoM kI asAratA ko samajhakara Atma-saMyama karanA sIkho / yadi bhogya-padArthoM kA tyAga eka sAtha na ho sake to avadhi sahita hI kro| yadi adhika avadhi taka na ho sake to eka-eka dina ke lie karo yA usase bhI kama samaya ke lie kro| usase Atma-kalyANa hogaa| sAtha hI sAtha svAsthya bhI sudharegA, mAnasika zakti bhI dRr3ha hogI, Atmabala bhI bddh'egaa| 11. gyArahaveM vrata meM varSa meM kama se kama eka pauSadha-upavAsa karanA hI caahie| isase Atmika Ananda kA anubhava hotA hai| svAsthya kA bhI isase gaharA sambandha hai| 12. bArahaveM vrata meM saMvibhAga kA upadeza hai| apane khAne-pIne aura pahanane kI vastu kA kucha vibhAga muni ko denA zrAvaka kA dharma hai| isa prakAra dAna se jo kamI ho, usakI pUrti ke lie hiMsA

Page #168
159 Adi na kara Atma-saMyama karanA caahie| gRhastha ke lie bhojana banAyA jA sakatA hai, kharIdA bhI jA sakatA hai parantu sAdhu aise AhAra ko kabhI nahIM letaa| ataH zrAvaka kA yaha parama kartavya hai ki vaha apane lie banAI vastu kA kucha aMza sAdhu ko dAna de| yaha pAtra-dAna hai, AtmasaMyama hai| isa prakAra zrAvaka ke bAraha vrata jahA~ vaiyaktika vikAsa ke hetu banate haiM, vahIM samAja aura rASTra bhI isase lAbhAnvita hotA hai| 3. gyAraha pratimA zrAvaka kI sAdhanA uttarottara AtmavikAsa kI sAdhanA hai| vaha AMzikavrata se pUrNavrata kI ora gati karatA hai ataH vaha sAdhanA kI aneka avasthAoM se gujaratA hai| bAraha vratoM kI sAdhanA kA abhyAsa puSTa hone para vaha usase Age kI sAdhanA ke lie agrasara hotA hai, use pratimA kahate haiN| pratimA ke prakAra pratimA kA artha hai-pratijJA vizeSa, niyama vizeSa, vrata vishess| yaha zrAvaka ke dvArA mRhastha avasthA meM kI jAne vAlI sAdhanA kI vizeSa bhUmikAe~ haiN| jina para kramazaH car3hatA huA sAdhaka apanI AdhyAtmika pragati karatA hai| pratimAe~ gyAraha haiM, jo 'nimnalikhita haiM 1. darzana pratimA, . 2. vrata pratimA, . 3. sAmAyika pratimA, 4. pauSadha pratimA, 5. kAyotsarga pratimA, 6. brahmacarya pratimA,

Page #169
160 7. sacittatyAga pratimA, 8. ArambhatyAga pratimA, 1. preSyatyAga pratimA, 10. uddiSTatyAga pratimA, 11. zramaNabhUta prtimaa| 1. darzana pratimA zrAvaka kI prathama pratimA kA nAma hai-darzana prtimaa| darzana kA artha hai-sahI dRSTikoNa kA nirmaann| isa pratimA ko dhAraNa karane vAle zrAvaka kA samyak darzana zuddha hotA hai| usameM kisI bhI prakAra ke aticAra (doSa) kI saMbhAvanA nahIM hotii| zrAvaka-dharma aura zramaNa-dharma para usakI gaharI AsthA hotI hai| darzana pratimA vAlA apane tIvratama krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ko kamakara samyag darzana ko prApta karatA hai| isa avasthA meM vaha puNya ko puNya aura pApa ko pApa ke rUpa meM jAnatA hai| sAmAnya samyakdRSTi kI apekSA darzana pratimAdhArI samyakdRSTi meM malinatA kama hotI hai| isameM vyakti kI dRSTi doSoM kI ora na jAkara guNoM kI ora hI jAtI hai| yaha gRhastha-dharma kI prathama bhUmikA hai| isa pratimA kA samaya eka mAsa hai| eka mAsa taka darzana meM kisI prakAra kI malinatA ko na Ane. denA aura darzana ko viziSTa dRr3hatA para pahuMcA denA hI isa pratimA kA prayojana hai| 2. vrata pratimA zrAvaka kI dUsarI pratimA kA nAma-vrata pratimA hai| darzana pratimA kI dRr3hatA ho jAne ke bAda vratoM ko dRr3ha karanA hotA hai ataH pahale se svIkRta vratoM ko ora adhika dRr3ha karane ke lie vrata pratimA svIkAra kI jAtI hai| isa pratimA meM zrAvaka ahiMsA, satya, acaurya,

Page #170
161 brahmacarya aura aparigraha- ina pAMca aNuvratoM tathA digavata, bhogopabhoga-parimANavrata aura anarthadaNDaviramaNa vrata-ina tIna guNavatoM kA samyak prakAra se pAlana karatA hai| unameM kisI bhI prakAra kA doSa nahIM lagane detaa| lekina sAmAyika Adi zikSAvratoM kA yathAsamaya samyak prakAra se abhyAsa nahIM kara paataa| yaha gRhastha jIvana kI dUsarI bhUmikA hai| isameM naitika AcaraNa kI dizA meM AMzika prayAsa prArambha ho jAtA hai| isa pratimA kA samaya do mAsa kA hai| 3. sAmAyika pratimA - zrAvaka kI tIsarI pratimA kA nAma sAmAyika pratimA hai| isa pratimA meM sAmAyika aura dezAvakAsika vrata kA niraticAra-doSarahita pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| isa pratimA ko svIkAra karane vAlA zrAvaka niyamita rUpa se tInoM saMdhyAoM arthAt prAtaH, madhyAhna aura sAyaMkAla meM mana, vacana aura karma se nirdoSa rUpa se sAmAyika kI ArAdhanA karatA hai| sAmAyika zikSAvrata svIkAra karane vAle ko trikAla meM sAmAyika karanA aura vaha bhI niraticAra karanA Avazyaka nahIM hai| vaha eka bAra yA do bAra bhI kara sakatA hai aura usameM yadi koI aticAra-doSa laga jAye to vaha bhI kSamya hai| kintu sAmAyika pratimA meM aticAra laganA kSamya nahIM hai| isa pratimA kA samaya tIna mAsa 4. pauSadhopavAsa pratimA . zrAvaka kI cauthI pratimA kA nAma pauSadhopavAsa pratimA hai| zrAvaka ke lie kahA gayA hai ki vaha aSTamI, caturdasI, pUrNamAsI Adi parva tithiyoM meM pratipUrNa pauSadhopavAsa kre| zrAvaka ke bAraha vratoM meM pauSadha karanA gyArahavAM vrata hai aura pratimA kI dRSTi se vaha caturtha pratimA hai| donoM meM antara itanA hI hai ki pauSadhopavAsa zikSAvrata meM naramI se pAlana kiyA jAtA hai arthAt sAmAnyataH

Page #171
162 pauSadhadhArI dina meM bhI nIMda Adi le letA hai| pratikramaNa, pratilekhana Adi meM bhI doSa laga sakatA hai jabaki pauSadhopavAsa pratimA meM pUrNatA se pAlana kiyA jAtA hai| kisI bhI prakAra ke doSa kI saMbhAvanA nahIM rhtii| pauSadha ke samaya vaha pUrNa zramaNa-sAdhuvat bana jAtA hai| yaha gRhastha ke vikAsa kI cauthI bhUmikA hai| isa pratimA kA samaya cAra mAsa hai| 5. kAyotsarga pratimA / zrAvaka kI pAMcavI pratimA kA nAma kAyotsarga pratimA hai| ise niyama pratimA bhI kahA jAtA hai| isameM zrAvaka ke lie rAtri meM kAyotsarga karane kA vidhAna hai| isa pratimA meM pUrva svIkRta cAra pratimAoM kA nirdoSa pAlana karate hue zrAvaka pAMca vizeSa niyamoM ko svIkAra karatA hai 1. snAna nahIM krnaa| 2. rAtri-bhojana nahIM krnaa| 3. dhotI kI lAMga nahIM lgaanaa| 4. dina meM pUrNa brahmacArI rhnaa| 5. rAtri meM maithuna kI maryAdA nizcita krnaa| isa pratimA meM mukhya rUpa se kAma kI Asakti, bhoga kI Asakti aura deha kI Asakti ko kama karane kA prayAsa kiyA jAtA 6. brahmacarya pratimA __ zrAvaka kI chaThI pratimA kA nAma brahmacarya pratimA hai| pAMcavIM pratimA meM zrAvaka dina meM maithuna sevana kA tyAga karatA hai kintu rAtri meM isakA niyama nahIM hotA hai| pAMcavIM pratimA ke abhyAsa se zrAvaka apanI kAma vAsanA para vijaya pAne kA sAmarthya prApta kara letA hai

Page #172
163 aura isa chaThI pratimA meM vaha maithuna se sarvathA virata hokara brahmacarya grahaNa kara letA hai| brahmacarya kI surakSA hetu vaha strI ke sAtha ekAnta meM nahIM baiThatA, striyoM ke sAtha eka Asana para nahIM baiThatA, zrRMgAra nahIM karatA tathA vAsanA ko uttejita karane vAle padArthoM kA sevana nahIM krtaa| 7. sacitta - tyAga pratimA zrAvaka kI sAtavIM pratimA kA nAma sacitta AhAra - tyAga pratimA hai| chaThI pratimA meM zrAvaka jahAM apanI kAma vAsanA para vijaya prApta karatA hai, vahIM sAtavIM pratimA meM vaha apanI bhogAsakti para vijaya prApta karatA hai| vaha saba prakAra kI sacitta vastuoM ke AhAra kA tyAga kara detA hai| kevala acitta AhAra kA hI sevana karatA hai| isa pratimA kA samaya sAta mAsa hai| 8. Arambha-tyAga pratimA zrAvaka kI AThavIM pratimA kA nAma Arambha-tyAga pratimA hai| sAtavIM pratimA taka zrAvaka apane vyaktigata jIvana meM kAphI saMyamita ho jAtA hai kintu pArivArika aura sAmAjika dAyitvoM se vaha mukta nahIM ho pAtA, ataH parivAra kA nirvahana karane ke lie vyavasAya Adi kArya use karanA par3atA hai| jisake kAraNa vaha Arambha (hiMsA) se pUrNatayA baca nahIM pAtA hai| isa AThavIM pratimA ko svIkAra karane vAlA zrAvaka apane pArivArika, sAmAjika Adi uttaradAyitvoM ko apane jyeSTha putra yA anya kisI uttarAdhikArI ko saMbhalA detA hai aura svayaM vyavasAya Adi se nivRtta hokara apanA adhikAMza samaya dharmArAdhanA meM vyatIta karatA hai| isa pratimA meM zrAvaka svayaM to vyavasAya Adi meM Arambha nahIM karatA, kintu apane putra Adi ko yathAyogya pArivArika aura vyAvasAyika mArgadarzana detA rahatA hai tathA apanI sampatti para bhI svAmitva rakhatA hai| isa prakAra isa

Page #173
164 pratimA meM zrAvaka Arambha (hiMsA) kA tyAga kara detA hai kintu dUsaroM se Arambha karavAne kA tyAga nahIM krtaa| isakI avadhi ATha mAsa kI hai| 9. preSya-parityAga pratimA zrAvaka kI navI pratimA kA nAma preSya-parityAga pratimA hai| preSya kA artha-sevaka, naukara-cAkara hai| isa pratimA meM zrAvaka naukara-cAkara Adi dUsaroM se bhI Arambha (hiMsA) karavAne kA tyAga kara detA hai| isa pratimA kA samaya nau mAsa hai| 10. uddiSTabhala tyAga pratimA zrAvaka kI dasavI pratimA kA nAma uddiSTabhakta-tyAga pratimA hai| uddiSTabhakta kA artha hai-apane uddezya se banAyA gayA aahaar| isa pratimA meM zrAvaka apane nimitta banAye gae AhAra ko grahaNa karane kA tyAga kara detA hai| vaha apane bAloM kA zastra se muNDana karavAtA hai, kintu zikhA-coTI avazya rakhatA hai| ghara saMbaMdhI kisI bhI prakAra kA prazna pUche jAne para 'maiM jAnatA hU~' yA 'maiM nahIM jAnatA'- ina do vAkyoM se jyAdA nahIM bolatA hai| 11. zramaNabhUta pratimA zrAvaka kI gyArahavI pratimA kA nAma zramaNabhUta pratimA hai| zramaNabhUta kA artha hai-shrmnn-sdRsh| isa pratimA ko svIkAra karane vAlA zrAvaka ghara meM rahate hue bhI zramaNa jaisA AcaraNa karatA hai| vaha bAloM kA muNDana karavAtA hai yA loca karavAtA hai| sAdhu kI taraha hI pAtra lekara jJAtijanoM ke ghara bhikSA ke lie jAtA hai| vaha hara ghara se bhikSA nahIM letA hai| vaha apanA paricaya zramaNopAsaka ke rUpa meM hI detA hai| usakA hara AcAra aura vyavahAra zramaNa jaisA hotA hai| yaha zrAvaka kI utkRSTa koTi kI pratimA hai| isakA samaya gyAraha mAsa kA hai|

Page #174
165 zrAvaka ina pratimAoM kI sAdhanA ko kramazaH svIkAra karatA hai| pahalI pratimA kA samaya eka mAsa, dUsarI pratimA kA samaya do mAsa, tIsarI pratimA kA samaya tIna mAsa, isI prakAra kramazaH gyArahavIM pratimA kA samaya gyAraha mAsa hai| jaise-jaise zrAvaka Age kI pratimA ko svIkAra karatA hai, usakI bhAvadhArA vizuddha hotI jAtI hai| Age kI pratimA meM jAne para bhI use pahale vAlI pratimAoM kA pAlana karanA Avazyaka hotA hai| ina. pratimAoM ke AdhAra para AcArya kundakunda ne zrAvaka ko tIna bhAgoM meM vibhakta kiyA hai| prathama chaH pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA jaghanya zrAvaka, sAta se nau ina tIna pratimAoM ko dhAraNa karane vAlA madhyama zrAvaka tathA dasavIM aura gyArahavIM pratimA ko svIkAra karane vAlA uttama zrAvaka kahalAtA hai| paMDita AzAdharajI ne prathama chaH pratimAdhArI ko gRhastha, sAta se nau-ina tIna pratimAdhArI ko varNI yA brahmacArI tathA dasavIM aura gyArahavIM pratimAdhArI ko bhikSuka kahA hai| 4. jaina jIvanazailI janma aura mRtyu jIvana ke do kinAre haiN| una para hamArA adhikAra nahIM hai| kaba, kahA~, kisa rUpa meM janma lenA yA mRtyu ko prApta karanA, yaha vyakti ke vaza meM nahIM hai| janma aura mRtyu ke bIca kA jo jIvana hai, usa para vyakti kA adhikAra hai| usa jIvana ko vyakti apanI icchAnusAra jI sakatA hai| acchA jIvana jIne ke lie Avazyaka hai-acchI jIvana-zailI kA honaa| zailI zabda zIla se banA hai| zIla kA artha hai-svbhaav| saMskRta-aMgrejI koza meM zailI kA artha-biheviyara-vyavahAra kiyA gayA hai| jIvanazailI se tAtparya hai-jIvana kA vyavahAra athavA jIvana kI kaaryprnnaalii| eka gRhastha kI jIvanazailI meM kucha sahaja acche saMskAra bana jAe~, yaha apekSita

Page #175
166 prAcIna AcAryoM ne jaina gRhastha ke lie eka jIvanazailI nirdhArita kI, jisameM sapta vyasana ke parihAra kI bAta thii| sapta vyasana haiM- 1. zarAba nahIM pInA, 2. mAMsa nahIM khAnA, 3. juA nahIM khelanA, 4. zikAra nahIM karanA, 5. corI nahIM karanA, 6. vezyAgamana nahIM karanA tathA 7. parastrIgamana nahIM krnaa| usa samaya yaha eka jIvanazailI bana gaI thI ki jo jaina zrAvaka hogA, vaha isa AdhAra para clegaa| vahI zailI Aja taka calI A rahI hai| para isa badalate hue yuga meM, samAja kI badalatI huI avadhAraNAoM meM jIvanazailI bhI vikRta hotI jA rahI hai ataH usa para punarvicAra karanA Avazyaka pratIta ho rahA thaa| AcArya tulasI ne isa viSaya para ciMtana kiyA aura eka jaina gRhastha kI jIvanazailI kA nirdhAraNa kiyA, jisameM jIvanazailI ke mukhya nau sUtra haiN| unakA mAnanA hai ki isa jaina-jIvanazailI meM jana-jana kI jIvanazailI arthAt mAnava mAtra kI jIvanazailI banane kI kSamatA hai| jo bhI isa jIvanazailI ko apanAegA, vaha sukha aura zAMti kA jIvana jI skegaa| navasUtrI jaina jIvanazailI jaina jIvanazailI ke nau sUtra nimnalikhita haiM1. samyak darzana, 2. anekAnta, 3. ahiMsA, 4. samaNa-saMskRti, 5. icchA-parimANa, 6. samyak AjIvikA, 7. samyak saMskAra,

Page #176
167 8. AhArazuddhi evaM vyasanamukti, 9. sAdharmika vaatsly| 1. samyak darzana jaina jIvanazailI kA pahalA sUtra hai-samyak drshn| samyak darzana arthAt sahI evaM sakArAtmaka dRSTikoNa kA vikaas| mithyA dRSTikoNa vAlA vyakti kabhI bhI acchA jIvana nahIM jI sktaa| acche jIvana ke lie Avazyaka hai dRSTikoNa vidhAyaka bane tathA niSedhAtmaka bhAva dUra hoN| jisa vyakti ke tIvratama kaSAya upazAnta hote haiM, usI kA dRSTikoNa samyak hotA hai| jo choTI-choTI bAtoM para uttejita hotA rahatA hai, vaha jIvana ko sahI rUpa meM samajha aura jI nahIM sktaa| samyak darzana prApta hone para jIvana ke prati vyakti kA dRSTikoNa badala jAtA hai| andhAnukaraNa evaM aMdhavizvAsa kI pravRtti se use chuTakArA milatA hai| ataH jIvanazailI kA prathama evaM mahattvapUrNa AyAma hai-samyak drshn| 2. anekAnta jaina jIvanazailI kA dUsarA sUtra hai-anekaant| Agraha-vigraha kA mUla kAraNa hai-ekAnta dRssttikonn| jahA~ anekAnta kA siddhAnta sAmane hotA hai, vahA~ Agraha-vigraha Tika nahIM skte| nirapekSa dRSTikoNa ke kAraNa Agraha hotA haiN| anekAnta sApekSa dRSTikoNa kA vikAsa karatA hai, jisase 'maiM jo kahatA satya vahI hai, tUM jo kahatA satya nahIM hai| aisA Agraha nahIM pnptaa| anekAntika dRSTikoNa vAlA vyakti pratyeka kathana meM satya khojane kA prayAsa karatA hai| anekAnta vivAdAspada prasaMgoM meM sAmaMjasya tathA samanvaya kI manovRtti kA vikAsa karatA hai| yaha jisakI jIvanazailI kA aMga bana jAtA hai, usake Aveza samApta ho jAte haiN| sAmudAyika jIvana bhI acchA bana jAtA hai| vaha choTI-choTI bAtoM meM ulajhatA nahIM apitu anekAntika

Page #177
168 jIvanazailI ke kAraNa hara paristhiti meM sAmaMjasya sthApita kara letA 3. ahiMsA jaina jIvanazailI kA tIsarA sUtra hai-ahiNsaa| hiMsA aura jIvana donoM Apasa meM jur3e hue haiN| gRhastha jIvana hiMsA ke binA nahIM cala sakatA ataH eka gRhastha pUrNa ahiMsaka nahIM bana sktaa| jIvana-yApana ke lie hiMsA aparihArya hai| ahiMsaka jIvanazailI se tAtparya pUrNa ahiMsaka banane se nahIM apitu anAvazyaka kI jAne vAlI hiMsA ko chor3ane se hai| hiMsA kA alpIkaraNa karane se hai| * hiMsA ke alpIkaraNa kA pahalA prayoga hai-anAvazyaka hiMsA kA varjana krnaa| * hiMsA ke alpIkaraNa kA dUsarA prayoga hai-AkrAmaka vRtti kA parityAga krnaa| * hiMsA ke alpIkaraNa kA tIsarA prayoga hai-AtmahatyA kA parityAga krnaa| * hiMsA ke alpIkaraNa kA cauthA prayoga hai-bhrUNahatyA kA parityAga krnaa| ahiMsaka jIvanazailI meM ina cAroM kA bahuta mahattva hai| ahiMsaka jIvanazailI se mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM kA vikAsa hotA hai, pArivArika aura sAmAjika saMbaMdhoM kA vikAsa hotA hai| maitrI aura karuNA kA vikAsa hotA hai| 4. samaNa saMskRti jaina jIvanazailI kA cauthA sUtra hai- samaNa sNskRti| samAnatA, upazamabhAva aura zramazIlatA kA saMgama samaNa saMskRti kA prANa hai| samAnatA kI bhAvanA se mAnavIya ekatA kI bhAvanA ko bala

Page #178
169 milatA hai tathA jAtIya chuAchUta kI samApti hotI hai| upazamabhAva AdhyAtmika vikAsa ke lie jitanA Avazyaka hai, acchA jIvana jIne ke lie bhI utanA hI jarUrI hai| zrama arthAt puruSArtha ke binA koI bhI samAja pragati nahIM kara sktaa| Aja kI bar3hatI huI suvidhAvAdI manovRtti kA pariSkAra zramaniSThA ke saMskAroM se hI saMbhava hai| zramazIlatA ke abhAva meM na to zArIrika svAsthya surakSita raha sakatA hai aura na mAnasika prasannatA banI raha sakatI hai| isIlie sama, zama aura zrama pradhAna jIvanazailI ko hI samaNa saMskRti meM sthAna diyA gayA hai| 5. icchAparimANa __ jaina jIvanazailI kA pAMcavAM sUtra hai- icchA kA primaann| jaba taka jIvana meM icchA-parimANa kI bAta nahIM AtI taba taka ahiMsA kA vikAsa nahIM ho sktaa| Aja vaizvika stara para kucha samasyAe~ bar3hatI jA rahI haiM, unameM se kucha haiM * padArtha ke bhoga aura saMgraha kI sImA kA abhaav| .... * prasAdhana sAmagrI ke prati bar3hatA huA aakrssnn| * visarjana zUnya arjn| * padArtha ke prati bar3hatI huI aaskti| ina samasyAoM kA samAdhAna hara stara para khojA jA rahA hai| 'icchA-parimANa' isakA acchA samAdhAna hai| jaba jIvana meM icchAoM kA sImAkaraNa ho jAtA hai to padArtha ke bhoga aura saMgraha kI sImA svataH ho jAtI hai| krUra hiMsAjanita prasAdhana sAmagrI kA parihAra hotA hai, arjana ke sAtha visarjana kI manovRtti kA vikAsa hotA hai tathA padArtha ke prati anAsakti kI cetanA jAgRta hotI hai| 6. samyak AjIvikA jaina jIvanazailI kA chaThA sUtra hai- samyak aajiivikaa| vartamAna yuga arthapradhAna yuga hai| artha kA saMbaMdha jIvana-yApana se hai| artha ke

Page #179
170 abhAva meM jIvana-yApana asaMbhava hai| artha- prApti ke lie vyakti vyavasAya karatA hai kintu artha ke prati bar3hatI huI lAlasA usake vyavasAya ko samyak nahIM rahane detii| adhika arjana, adhika saMgraha aura adhika bhoga kI manovRtti ke kAraNa Aja arjana ke tarIke sahI nahIM haiM, jisake kAraNa ugravAda, AtaMkavAda, DakaitI, apaharaNa, hatyA Adi ghaTanAe~ bar3hatI jA rahI haiN| ataH Avazyaka hai AjIvikA kI zuddhi para dhyAna diyA jaae| samyak AjIvikA kA siddhAnta svastha samAja kA darzana hai| isake anusAra mukhya rUpa se tIna prakAra ke vyavasAya tyAjya haiM * dhokhAdhar3I vAle vyavasAya / * loka meM ghRNita mAne jAne vAle vyavasAya / paryAvaraNa ko pradUSita karane vAle vyavasAya / jaina jIvanazailI vyavasAya meM sAdhana-zuddhi kI preraNA detI hai| isase vyAvasAyika kSetra kI pramukha samasyAoM kA samAdhAna svataH hotA hai| 7. samyak saMskAra jaina jIvanazailI kA sAtavAM sUtra hai - samyak saMskAra / vaidika paramparA ke anusAra janma se mRtyu taka manuSya jIvana meM solaha saMskAroM ko mahattvapUrNa mAnA gayA hai| inameM se aneka saMskAra jaina parivAroM meM bhI mAnya haiN| una saMskAroM, parva, utsavoM ko jaina saMskAra vidhi se manAnA caahie| jaina saMskAra vidhi saMyama aura sAdagI kI pratIka hai| Aja baccoM meM, bar3oM meM pAzcAtya saMskRti hAvI hotI jA rahI hai, ve apanI bhAratIya saMskRti ko bhUlate jA rahe haiN| bar3oM kA vinaya karanA, unheM praNAma karanA, unakI AjJA kA pAlana karanA mAtra upadeza raha gayA hai| isalie jaina jIvanazailI kA eka sUtra rakhA gayA hai - samyak saMskAra / hamArI jIvanazailI saMskArI ho /

Page #180
171 8. AhArazuddhi va vyasanamukti - jaina jIvanazailI kA AThavAM sUtra hai-AhArazuddhi aura vysnmukti| svastha aura saMtulita jIvana ke lie AhArazuddhi bahuta Avazyaka hai| zArIrika, mAnasika aura bhAvanAtmaka svAsthya kI vRddhi meM bhI AhArazuddhi evaM vyasanamukti kI pramukha bhUmikA hai| Aveza aura Avega para niyaMtraNa rakhane ke lie tathA aparAdhoM se bacane ke lie bhI AhArazuddhi Avazyaka hai| zrAvaka kI caryA saba prakAra ke vyasana se mukta honI caahie| usake khAna-pAna meM zarAba, mAMsa aura aNDoM kA samAveza yA inakA mizraNa bhI nahIM honA caahie| pAnaparAga, guTakhA, cuTakI, jardA, aphIma Adi nazIle padArthoM kA samparka bhI sadA varjita rahanA caahie| iMglaiNDa ke prophesara haige ne apanI pustaka 'yUrika esiDa aura rogoM . kA kAraNa' meM likhA hai-mAMsa aura aNDe meM yUrika esiDa hotI hai| usase gaThiyA, lakavA, anidrA, madhumeha, netravikAra Adi aneka, bImAriyA~ ho sakatI haiN| unake sevana se bauddhika aura bhAvanAtmaka vikAsa bhI ruka jAtA hai| ataH AhArazuddhi aura vyasanamukti kA abhyAsa svastha rahane kA eka bahuta bar3A upAya hai| 9. sAdharmika vAtsalya jaina jIvanazailI kA nauvAM sUtra hai-sAdharmika vaatsly| sAdharmika vAtsalya jaina darzana kA pAribhASika zabda hai| Aja ke yuga meM ise bhAIcAre kA rUpa diyA jA sakatA hai| eka hI dharma ke prati zraddhA rakhane vAle logoM ke prati bhAIcAre kA vyavahAra karanA sAdharmika vAtsalya hai| sAdharmika vyakti kI vizeSatAoM kA khule mana se guNagAna karanA, dharma ke kSetra meM asthira sAdharmika ko preraNA dekara dharma meM punaH sthira karanA tathA unake prati AtmIyapUrNa vyavahAra karanA caahie| isase jAtIya sadbhAva, sAmpradAyika sadbhAva bar3hatA hai|

Page #181
172 isa prakAra yaha navasUtrI jaina jIvanazailI eka Adarza jIvanazailI hai| ise apanAne vAle vyakti svastha samAja saMracanA kI ikAI bana sakate haiN| 5. parigraha - parimANa vrata jaina AcAra zramaNAcAra aura zrAvakAcAra ke bheda se do bhAgoM meM vibhakta haiN| zramaNa parigraha kA pUrNa rUpa se tyAga karate haiM ataH unakA vrata aparigraha mahAvrata kahalAtA hai| jaina paramparA meM zramaNa ( muni) ko anAsakta cetanA ke vikAsa ke lie saceSTa kiyA gayA hai| unake lie kahA gayA - jisa prakAra samudra ko pAra karane ke lie naukA Avazyaka hai kintu samudra -yAtrI usa naukA meM Asakta nahIM hotA, usI prakAra jIvana-nirvAha ke lie vastra, pAtra Adi dhArmika upakaraNaAvazyaka haiM kintu muni usameM Asakta na bne| Asaktivaza AvazyakatA se adhika padArthoM kA saMgraha na kre| kintu zrAvaka kA jIvana binA parigraha ke saMcAlita nahIM hotA ataH unake lie parigraha kA pUrNa tyAga karanA anivArya nahIM hotaa| unakA vrata parigraha-parimANa (icchAparimANa) aNuvrata kahalAtA hai| zrAvaka ke lie saMgraha kI maryAdA kA vidhAna hai, jo svayaM zrAvaka kI icchA para nirbhara hai| vaha AvazyakatAnusAra padArthoM kA grahaNa kare aura atirikta yA AvazyakatA se adhika padArtha kA samAja meM vitaraNa kara de| aparigrahI banane ke lie parigraha ke svarUpa ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| parigraha : lakSaNa evaM paribhASA parigraha zabda 'pari' upasarga pUrvaka 'graha' dhAtu meM ghaJ pratyaya lagane para banA hai, jisakA artha hai - pakar3anA, thAmanA, lenA, grahaNa karanA aadi| parigraha kA niruktaparaka artha karane para isakI do prakAra se vyAkhyA kI jA sakatI hai -- .

Page #182
173 1. parigRhyate aneneti parigrahaH-jisake dvArA grahaNa kiyA jAe, vaha pasgriha hai| 2. parigrahyate iti parigrahaH-jo grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha parigraha hai| prathama nirukta ke anusAra padArtha ko grahaNa karane meM jo kAraNa haiM, jisake kAraNa vyakti saMgraha karatA hai, vaha parigraha hai aura dvitIya nirukta ke anusAra dhana, dhAnya, kSetra Adi bAhya padArtha parigraha haiN| parigraha kA viparIta aparigraha hai| vAcaspatyam ke anusAra 'deha yAtrA ke nirvAha ke atirikta bhoga ke sAdhanoM aura dhanAdi kA asvIkAra aparigraha hai|' Atma-zuddhi ke lie bAharI upakaraNoM kA tyAga aparigraha hai| aparigraha aura parigraha kI yaha paribhASA sthUla dRSTi se hai, jisakA saMbaMdha mAtra vastu ke asvIkAra aura svIkAra se hai| parigraha aura aparigraha ko sUkSma dRSTi se paribhASita karate hue batAyA gayA-mUrchA (Asakti) parigraha aura amUrchA (anAsakti) aparigraha hai| vastutaH 'padArtha apane Apa meM na parigraha hai aura na aparigraha apitu usa padArtha ke prati jaba mamatva bhAva jur3atA hai, Asakti jur3atI hai taba vaha parigraha bana jAtA hai aura jaba mamatva bhAva haTatA hai, Asakti TUTatI hai taba vaha aparigraha bana jAtA hai| niSkarSataH kahA jA sakatA hai ki sUkSma dRSTi se padArtha ke prati mUrchA yA Asakti kA abhAva aparigraha hai aura sthUla dRSTi se padArthoM kA asaMgraha-asvIkAra aparigraha hai| parigraha ke prakAra parigraha do prakAra kA hotA hai-aMtaraMga parigraha aura bAhya prigrh| vyakti kA padArtha ke prati rAgAtmaka bhAva, mUrchA yA Asakti kA bhAva aMtaraMga parigraha hai tathA rAga (Asakti) ke kAraNa padArthoM

Page #183
174 kA saMgraha bAhya parigraha hai| aMtaraMga zuddhi hone se bAhya parigraha kI sImA svataH ho jAtI hai aura bAhya parigraha kI sImA hone se dhIredhIre padArtha ke prati hone vAlI mUrchA TUTatI jAtI hai| bAhya padArtha ke nimna nau prakAra haiMbAhya parigraha 1. kSetra-upajAU bhUmi kI mryaadaa| isameM kheta, khalihAna, cArAgAha, bAga, pahAr3a, khAna, jaMgala Adi sabhI taraha kI khulI bhUmi kA samAveza hai| 2. vAstu-makAna, dukAna, godAma, atithi-gRha, baMgalA aadi| 3. hiraNya-cAMdI ke bartana, AbhUSaNa tathA cAMdI ke anya upakaraNa aadi| 4. suvarNa-svarNa, sone ke bartana, AbhUSaNa, caina, ghar3I aadi| 5. dhana-rupaye, paise, sikke, noTa, DrAphTa, caika, baiMka baileMsa ' aadi| 6. dhAnya-anAja, gehU~, cAvala, ur3ada, mUMga, bAjarA aadi| 7. dvipada-do paira vAle prANI; jaise-strI, puruSa, totA, mainA aadi| 8. catuSpada-cAra paira vAle prANI, jaise- hAthI, ghor3A, ___ gadhA, bakarI, gAya, bhaiMsa Adi pshu| 9. kupya yA goMpya-svarNa, cAMdI kI vastuoM ke atirikta anya sabhI vastuoM kA samAveza kupya meM hotA hai| kupya kA tAtparya ghara kI samasta sAmagrI se hai; jaise-ghara ke samasta bartana, sophAseTa, meja, kursI, alamArI, paMkhe, TelIvijana, kAra, skUTara, phrIja aadi|

Page #184
175 aMtaraMga parigraha ___ aMtaraMga parigraha ke caudaha bheda haiM- mithyAtva, krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, hAsya, rati, arati, bhaya, zoka, jugupsA, strIveda, puruSaveda, npuNskved| zrAvaka bAhya aura aMtaraMga parigraha kI maryAdA karatA hai| jitanI maryAdA karatA hai, phira usI ke antargata apane jIvana kA saMcAlana karatA hai| parigrahaparimANa vrata kI maryAdAe~ ___ zrAvaka pUrNa rUpa se parigraha kA parityAga nahIM kara sktaa| vaha ina nau prakAra ke bAhya parigrahoM meM se apane lie Avazyaka vastuoM kI maryAdA kara zeSa vastuoM ke grahaNa evaM saMgraha kA tyAga karatA hai| yahI icchAparimANa vrata yA parigrahaparimANa vrata hai| dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva se parigraha kA parimANa isa prakAra kiyA jAtA hai; yathA dravya se-amuka-amuka vastu ke atirikta anya vastuoM kI icchA nahIM kruuNgaa| kSetra se- amuka-amuka kSetra se bAhara kI vastu kI icchA nahIM kruuNgaa| kAla se- itane dina, mAsa, varSa yA jIvana bhara ina vastuoM ke atirikta upayoga nahIM kruuNgaa| ' bhAva se-jina vastuoM kI maryAdA kI hai, unase adhika kI icchA nahIM kruuNgaa| . . parigraha kA kAraNa parigraha (padArtha saMgraha) ke mUla kAraNa haiM- icchA, tRSNA, kAma, lobha aura sukhavAdI-suvidhAvAdI mnovRtti|

Page #185
176 1. icchA parigraha kA mUla icchA hai| vyakti kI AvazyakatAe~ bahuta sImita hotI haiM kintu icchAe~ AkAza ke samAna asIma hotI haiN| icchAoM kI pUrti karane ke lie hI vyakti padArtha kA saMgraha karatA hai| TaoNlasTAya ne apanI kahAnI-How much land does a man require? ke mAdhyama se yaha batAne kA prayatna kiyA hai ki vyakti asIma tRSNA ke pIche pAgala hokara jIvana kI bAjI lagA detA hai kintu anta meM usake zava ko daphanAne bhara ke lie hI bhU-bhAga usake upayoga meM AtA hai| vyakti kI icchAe~ asIma haiN| eka icchA pUrI hote hI tatkAla usase bhinna anya vastu pAne kI icchA jAga jAtI hai| isa prakAra icchAoM kA krama calatA rahatA hai| pratyeka vyakti ke icchA kA gaDDhA itanA bar3A hotA hai ki usako bharane ke lie sAre saMsAra ke samasta padArtha bhI thor3e hote haiN| isalie kahA hai-Desire is burning fire, he who falls into itneverrises again. icchA jalatI huI Aga hai, usameM girA vyakti kabhI nahIM utthtaa| 2. lobha parigraha kA dUsarA kAraNa lobha hai| lobha ke vazIbhUta hokara hI vyakti arthArjana karatA hai, parigraha ke prati mamatva-rAga karatA hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kahA-'jahA lAho tahA loho lAhA loho pavaDDhaI' arthAt jahA~ lAbha hotA hai, vahA~ lobha hotA hai, lAbha se lobha bar3hatA hai| jaise vyakti meM eka lAkha rupaye prApta karane kA lobha jAgatA hai, eka lAkha prApta hote hI dasa lAkha prApta karane kA lobha jAga jAtA hai aura dasa lAkha prApta hote hI eka karor3a kA lobha jAga jAtA hai| isa prakAra lobhavaza vyakti parigraha ke lie pravRtta hotA hai| 3. suvidhAvAdI manovRtti vyakti sukha-suvidhA kA jIvana jInA cAhatA hai| apanI isa manovRtti kI pUrti ke lie parigraha kA vistAra karatA hai tAki sukha-suvidhA ke sAdhanoM ko AsAnI se juTA ske|

Page #186
177 pradarzana kI manovRtti vyakti jJAtijanoM aura mitrajanoM ke sammukha parigraha kA pradarzana kara AMtarika prasannatA kA anubhava karatA hai| pradarzana kI bhAvanA se hI prerita hokara vaha baMgalA, kAra, AbhUSaNa Adi kA AvazyakatA na hone para bhI saMgraha karatA rahatA hai| parigraha kA pariNAma parigraha aneka doSoM kI jananI hai| parigraha ke lie hI vyakti hiMsA karatA hai, jhUTha bolatA hai, corI karatA hai, aneka kaSToM ko sahana karatA hai| ataH parigraha kA pariNAma vyakti ke lie duHkhadAI hotA hai| jaise dhana-dhAnya Adi kA saMgraha karane ke lie use aneka kaSToM ko sahana karanA par3atA hai| * dhana prApta ho jAne para usakI surakSA kA bhaya sadA banA rahatA hai| * bADha, bhUkampa, corI-DakaitI Adi kinhIM kAraNoM se prApta dhana kA nAza hone para tIvra anutApa hotA hai| parigraha kA sukha to sabhI baMTA lete haiM, kintu parigraha se utpanna duHkha kA anubhava vyakti akelA karatA hai| parigraha asantoSa, avizvAsa evaM hiMsA Adi kA kAraNa banatA hai| isIlie parigraha kA . pariNAma duHkha hai| parigraha-parimANa vrata kA aucitya sAmAnyataH yaha kahA jAtA hai ki icchAoM kA jitanA adhika vikAsa hogA, utanA hI Arthika vikAsa hogA aura jitanA Arthika vikAsa hogA, utanA hI rASTra kA vikAsa hogA ataH icchAoM ko asIma banAnA caahie| artha vikAsa ke isa yuga meM

Page #187
178 parigraha-parimANa vrata kA koI aucitya nahIM hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra parigraha-parimANa vrata kA aucitya Aja bhI hai| yaha aneka kAraNoM se mAnava jAti ke lie Aja bhI lAbhaprada hai, unameM se kucha kAraNa nimnalikhita haiM __ 1. parigraha-parimANa vrata vyakti ko saMtoSa aura zAMti pradAna karatA hai| ___2. parigraha-parimANa vrata hone para vyakti hiMsA, jhUTha, corI jaise doSoM se baca sakatA hai| 3. parigraha-parimANa vrata hone para anaitikatA, bhraSTAcAra, asaMyama, lobha, milAvaTa, taskarI, dhokhAdhar3I Adi samasyAoM kA samAdhAna ho sakatA hai| 4. parigraha-parimANa vrata karane vAlA vyakti nirdhana varga kI IrSyA kA pAtra banane se baca jAtA hai| 5. parigraha-parimANa vrata hone para hRdaya meM udAratA kI bhAvanA ko bala milatA hai| 6. parigraha-parimANa vrata sarvajana hitAya, sarvajana sukhAya hotA hai kyoMki usameM sampadA para ekAdhipatya kI bhAvanA kA nAza ho jAtA hai| apanI pUrti hone ke pazcAt sarvakalyANa kI bhAvanA kA vikAsa hotA hai| ___ . isa prakAra bhagavAna mahAvIra ke aparigraha kA vicAra aura AcAra kevala paramArtha-sAdhanA kA viSaya nahIM, yaha vyaktigata jIvana meM sukha aura zAMti ke lie tathA svastha samAja saMracanA ke lie bhI Avazyaka hai| yaha berojagArI, bhraSTAcAra, AtaMkavAda aura paryAvaraNa pradUSaNa jaisI aneka samasyAoM ke nirAkaraNa kA eka sArthaka upAya hai| ataH vyakti apanI icchAoM kA sImAkaraNa kare tathA Avazyaka padArthoM ke prati bhI mUrchA-Asakti na rkhe|

Page #188
179 6. saMlekhanA : saMthArA janma aura maraNa jIvana ke do kinAre haiN| vyakti janma letA hai, jIvana jItA hai aura AyuSya pUrNa hone para mRtyu ko prApta ho jAtA hai| yaha eka zAzvata satya hai ki jIvana ke sAtha mRtyu kA anivArya saMbaMdha hai| jIvana ke agala-bagala cAroM ora mRtyu kA sAmrAjya hai| jIvana ke pazcAt mRtyu nizcita hai| koI bhI isakA apavAda nahIM hai| saMsAra meM jitane bhI mahApuruSa hue haiM unhoMne jIne kI kalA sikhAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| jIvana kaise jInA cAhie? isa viSaya para bahuta kahA gayA hai, bahuta likhA gayA hai| para marane kI bhI koI kalA hotI hai, kaise maranA cAhie? isa viSaya para bahuta kama likhA gyaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra ne jIne kI kalA sikhAyI usI taraha marane kI kalA bhI sikhaayii| saMlekhanApUrvaka samAdhimaraNa kA varaNa vahI kara sakatA hai, jo marane kI kalA sIkha cukA hai| zrAvaka ke lie bAraha vratoM kI ArAdhanA karanA tathA zramaNa ke lie pAMca mahAvratoM kI ArAdhanA karanA jIne kI kalA hai aura saMlekhanApUrvaka jIvana - yAtrA kA samApana marane kI kalA hai| saMlekhanA kA artha saMlekhanA zabda 'sam' aura 'lekhanA' - ina do zabdoM ke saMyoga se banA hai| sam kA artha hai - samyak aura lekhanA kA artha hai - kRza krnaa| AcArya abhayadeva ne saMlekhanA ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai - jisa kriyA ke dvArA zarIra evaM kaSAya ko kRza (durbala) kiyA jAtA hai, vaha saMlekhanA hai| zarIra ko kRza karanA dravya saMlekhanA hai aura kaSAya ko kRza karanA bhAva saMlekhanA hai| saMlekhanA meM zarIra aura kaSAya ko sAdhaka itanA kRza kara letA hai ki usake antarmAnasa meM kisI bhI prakAra kI kAmanA nahIM rahatI /

Page #189
180 saMlekhanA aura saMthArA meM antara .--... saMlekhanA aura saMthArA donoM hI samAdhimaraNa kI prakriyAe~ haiN| saMthArA mRtyu paryanta-AjIvana kiyA jAtA hai| jIvana bhara ke lie saMthArA svIkAra karanA AsAna kArya nahIM hai ataH saMthArA kI taiyArI ke lie pahale saMlekhanA karanA Avazyaka hai| saMthAre kI pUrva taiyArI ke lie saMlekhanA kA abhyAsa kiyA jAtA hai, tatpazcAt. saMthAre kI yogyatA, kSamatA, manobala Adi ko dekhakara AjIvana saMthArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai| donoM kA phala samAdhimaraNa hai| isa dRSTi se saMlekhanA aura saMthArA meM antara yahI hai ki saMlekhanA kAraNa hai aura saMthArA usakA kArya hai| saMlekhanA eka prakAra se samatA kI sAdhanA kA abhyAsa karanA hai tathA saMthArA pUrvokta abhyAsa ko kAryarUpa meM pariNata karanA hai| saMthArA ke prakAra samAdhimaraNa ko saMthArA kahate haiN| jaina granthoM meM isake do prakAra batAye gae haiM-1. sAgArI saMthArA aura 2. sAmAnya sNthaaraa| 1. sAgArI saMthArA sAgArI kA tAtparya hai-AgAra (chUTa, vikalpa) shit| saMthArA kA artha hai trividha yA caturvidha AhAra kA tyaag| jaba akasmAt jIvana meM aisI koI vipatti upasthita ho jAtI hai, jisameM se jIvita baca pAnA saMbhava pratIta nahIM hotA, jaise-Aga laga jAnA, nadI meM gira jAnA, sAmane se zera Adi hiMsaka pazuoM kA A jAnA aadi| aise saMkaTapUrNa avasaroM para jaba mauta sAmane dikhAI detI hai, usa samaya jo saMthArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha sAgArI saMthArA kahalAtA hai| yaha saMthArA mRtyuparyanta ke lie nahIM hotaa| yadi vaha usa vikaTa paristhiti se baca jAtA hai to vaha apanA jIvanakrama yathAvat cAlU

Page #190
181 paristhiti samApta nahIM hotI taba taka ka rakha sakatA hai| jaba taka paristhiti samApta nahIM hotI taba taka ke lie yaha saMthArA hotA hai| paristhiti vizeSa meM yadi usakI mRtyu ho jAtI hai to usakA maraNa bhI saMthArApUrvaka hone se use samAdhimaraNa kahA jAtA hai| 2. sAmAnya saMthArA jaba vyakti vRddha ho jAtA hai, indriyoM kI zakti kSINa ho jAtI hai, asAdhya rogoM ke kAraNa jIne kI koI AzA nahIM rahatI, mRtyu sammukha dikhAI detI hai taba vyakti sAmAnya saMthArA grahaNa karatA hai| sAmAnya saMthArA tIna prakAra kA hotA hai 1. bhakta-pratyAkhyAna, 2. iMgiNImaraNa, 3. paadopgmn| 1. bhakta-pratyAkhyAna - jIvana bhara ke lie trividha yA caturvidha AhAra kA tyAga kara jo saMthArA grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, vaha bhakta pratyAkhyAna saMthArA hai| AhAra cAra prakAra kA hotA hai-azana (anAja Adi bhojana), pAna (peya padArtha), khAdima (sUkhe meve), svAdima (mukhavAsa). aadi| trividha AhAra kA tyAga karane vAlA pAnI kI chUTa. rakhatA hai tathA caturvidha AhAra kA tyAga karane vAlA pAnI bhI nahIM piitaa| 2. iMgiNImaraNa . bhakta-pratyAkhyAna meM trividha yA caturvidha AhAra kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai kintu iMgiNImaraNa meM caturvidha AhAra kA tyAga anivArya hai| bhakta-pratyAkhyAna saMthArA karane vAlA eka sthAna se dUsare sthAna para, eka gAMva se dUsare gAMva bhI jA sakatA hai tathA kisI bhI prakAra kI zArIrika sevA pArivArika yA anyajanoM se le sakatA hai|

Page #191
182 iMgiNImaraNa saMthArA svIkAra karane vAlA eka nizcita bhU-bhAga meM rahatA hai, jaise apane kamare taka yA ghara taka tathA kisI bhI prakAra kI sevA vaha kisI se bhI nahIM letA, apane sabhI kArya svayaM karatA hai| 3. pAdopagamana pAdopagamana saMthArA utkRSTa saMthArA hai| isameM caturvidha AhAra kA tyAga kiyA jAtA hai tathA saMthArA karate samaya vaha jisa sthAna vizeSa para hotA hai, vahIM para kAyotsarga meM sthira ho jAtA hai| jisa prakAra vRkSa se TUTakara nIce girI huI DAlI bilkula sthira rahatI hai, usI prakAra isa saMthArA meM sAdhaka pUrNa sthira rahatA hai| halana-calana nahIM krtaa| vaha apane zarIra kI paricaryA na svayaM karatA hai aura na dUsaroM se karavAtA hai| isa prakAra isa saMthArA ko svIkAra karane vAlA mRtyu-paryanta zArIrika kriyAoM kA nirodha karate hue bhUmi para girI huI vRkSa kI DAlI kI taraha sthira rahatA hai| . saMlekhanA : saMthArA kaba karanA cAhie uttarAdhyayayana sUtra meM kahA gayA- jaba taka zarIra meM zakti hai, usase nae-nae guNoM kI upalabdhi ho rahI hai, taba taka jIvana kA poSaNa karanA caahie| jaba vaha na ho taba vicArapUrvaka isa zarIra kA dhvaMsa kara denA cAhie arthAt saMlekhanA-saMthArA svIkAra kara lenA caahie| AcArya samantabhadra ne likhA-jisakA pratikAra na kiyA jA sake aise asAdhya dazA ko prApta hue upasarga ke samaya, durbhikSa, jarA evaM rugNasthiti meM yA anya kisI kAraNa ke upasthita hone para saMlekhanA-saMthArA svIkAra karanA caahie| saMlekhanA grahaNa karane se pUrva isa bAta kI jAnakArI karanI Avazyaka hai ki jIvana aura maraNa kI avadhi kitanI hai| yadi zarIra rugNa ho gayA hai para jIvana kI avadhi laMbI ho to saMlekhanA-saMthArA karane kA vidhAna nahIM hai|

Page #192
183 prazna ho sakatA hai ki saMlekhanA-saMthArA antima samaya meM hI kyoM kiyA jAtA hai? jaina darzana meM yaha kahA gayA-'jallese marai, tallese uvajjai' arthAt jIva jisa lezyA (bhAvadhArA) meM maratA hai, vaha apane agale janma meM usI lezyA kA dhAraka hokara deva, manuSya Adi gatiyoM meM utpanna hotA hai| isa prakAra samAdhimaraNa ko prApta hone vAle vyakti kA punarjanma nizcita rUpa se acchA hotA hai| hamArA agalA janma kaisA hogA, ise jAnane kA mAdhyama hai-mRtyu ke samaya hamArI bhAvadhArA kaisI hai? bhAvadhArA acchI hone para sugati, bhAvadhArA kharAba hone para durgati hotI hai| ata: vyakti ko aMtima samaya meM apanI bhAvadhArA acchI rakhanI caahie| antima samaya meM dhana, parivAra Adi kI moha mAyA ko chor3a denA caahie| kisI ke prati bhI bure bhAva, rAga-dveSa ke bhAva nahIM rakhane caahie| saMthArA bhAvadhArA ko acchA banAye rakhane kA eka upakrama hai| saMlekhanA kI vidhi . zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM hI paramparAoM meM saMlekhanA ke viSaya meM yatkiMcit matabheda hai, para donoM hI paramparAoM kA tAtparya eka sadRza hai| saMlekhanA meM jo tapavidhi kA pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, usase yaha nahIM samajhanA cAhie ki tapa hI saMlekhanA hai| tapa ke sAtha kaSAyoM kI mandatA tathA aprazasta bhAvoM kA parityAga Avazyaka hai| tapa kA jo krama pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai, usameM bhI dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva kI dRSTi se parivartana kiyA jA sakatA hai| saMlekhanA kA utkRSTa kAla. bAraha varSa kA mAnA gayA hai| madhyama kAla eka varSa kA tathA jaghanya kAla chaH mahIne kA hai| utkRSTa saMlekhanA kI vidhi isa prakAra hai ___ saMlekhanA karane vAlA prathama cAra varSoM meM caturtha (upavAsa), SaSTha (do dina kA upavAsa), aSTama (tIna dina kA upavAsa) Adi tapa kI

Page #193
184 utkRSTa sAdhanA karatA rahe tathA pAraNe meM zuddha AhAra grahaNa kre| phira agale cAra varSa meM ukta vidhi se vividha prakAra se tapa karatA rahe aura pAraNe meM 'vigaya' arthAt dUdha, dahI, ghI, tela, cInI Adi kA parityAga kre| nauMveM aura dasaveM varSa meM upavAsa kare tathA pAraNe meM AyaMbila (dina meM eka bAra eka hI anAja ko khAnA) tapa kare tathA AyaMbila meM bhI UnodarI tapa kre| agale chaH mAha meM upavAsa, do, tIna, cAra Adi dina kA upavAsa kare tathA pAraNe meM AyaMbila tapa kre| saMlekhanA ke bArahaveM varSa ke saMbaMdha meM vibhinna AcAryoM ke alaga-alaga mata rahe haiN| AcArya jinadAsagaNI ke anusAra bArahaveM varSa meM USNa jala ke AhAra ke sAtha hAyamAna AyaMbila tapa kre| hAyamAna se tAtparya hai nirantara bhojana aura pAnI kI mAtrA nyUna karate jaanaa| varSa ke anta meM isa sthiti meM pahuMca jAye ki eka dAnA anna aura eka bUMda pAnI grahaNa kre| pravacanasAroddhAra grantha ke anusAra bhI bArahaveM varSa meM bhojana karate hue pratidina eka-eka kavala kama karanA caahie| eka-eka kavala kama karate-karate jaba eka kavala AhAra para A jAeM taba eka-eka dAnA kama kareM aura aMtima caraNa meM anAja kA eka dAnA grahaNa kreN| isa prakAra anazana kI sthiti pahuMcane para anazana (saMthArA) svIkAra kre| saMthAre kI vidhi ___ saMlekhanA ke pazcAt saMthArA kiyA jAtA hai| saMthArA kI vidhi isa prakAra hai-sarvaprathama kisI niravadya-zuddha sthAna meM apanA Asana lagAyeM aura phira pUrva yA uttara dizA meM apanA muMha karake isa prakAra saMthArA svIkAra kareM-sarvaprathama tIna bAra namaskAra mahAmaMtra bole, phira vandanA, icchAkAreNaM....., tassa uttarI karaNeNaM......, logassa kA pATha bole| usake pazcAt ahaM bhaMte! apacchima mAraNaMtiya saMlehaNA-jhUsaNAM ArAhaNAe Arohemi arthAt 'he bhagavan! aba maiM apazcima mAraNAntika saMlekhanA-saMthArA kA prItipUrvaka

Page #194
185 sevana aura ArAdhanA karatA hU~' isa prakAra pratijJA grahaNa kreN| taduparAnta maiM abhI se sAgArI yA AgArarahita saMthArA svIkAra karatA huuN| cAroM AhAra kA tyAga karatA hU~, aThAraha pApasthAnoM kA tyAga karatA huuN| isake pazcAt jo-jo niyama-vrata le rakhe haiM, unameM jo truTiyAM huI hoM, unakI AlocanA karatA hai| sabhI se kSamAyAcanA kara zuddha aura zalyarahita ho jAtA hai| . na kevala apane pArivArika janoM se apitu apane zarIra se bhI mamatva chor3a detA hai| saMthArA svIkAra karane kA matalaba hai-apanI AtmA ke prati pUrNa samarpaNa, zarIra se Upara uThakara AtmasvarUpa meM pUrNa tlliintaa| saMthArA svIkAra karane vAlA bAhya padArthoM se sarvathA sambandha viccheda kara letA hai| isa prakAra saMlekhanA ke pazcAt saMthArA svIkAra kiyA jAtA hai, kintu yadi koI Akasmika kAraNa A jAtA hai to dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAva dekhate hue saMlekhanA ke binA bhI saMthArA grahaNa kara samAdhimaraNa kA varaNa kiyA jAtA hai| saMlekhanA : saMthArA ke aticAra ___ bAhya vastuoM se, parivAra se sambandha viccheda kara dene para tathA sAvadhAnI rakhane para bhI pramAda yA ajJAna ke kAraNa jina doSoM ke . lagane kI saMbhAvanA rahatI hai, unheM aticAra kahA jAtA hai, jaise saMthAre meM kIrti, prazaMsA, sammAna, svarNa prApti Adi kI bhAvanA kA honA aticAra hai| sAdhaka ko inase bacane kA prayAsa karanA caahie| saMlekhanA : saMthArA ke pAMca aticAra haiM 1. ihaloka-AzaMsA prayoga-dhana, parivAra Adi isa loka sambandhI kisI vastu kI. AkAMkSA karanA, laukika sukha prApti kI icchA karanA, ihaloka-AzaMsA prayoga aticAra hai|

Page #195
186 2. paraloka-AzaMsA prayoga-paraloka sambandhI svarga-sukha Adi prApti kI icchA karanA, paraloka-AzaMsA aticAra prayoga hai| 3. jIvana-AzaMsA prayoga- adhika samaya taka jIne kI AkAMkSA karanA, jIvana-AzaMsA prayoga aticAra hai| 4. maraNa-AzaMsA prayoga-saMlekhanA-saMthArA kI kaThinAI se ghabarAkara zIghra marane kI icchA karanA, maraNa AzaMsA prayoga aticAra 5. kAmabhoga-AzaMsA prayoga-kAmabhogoM ke prApti kI AkAMkSA karanA, kAmabhoga-AzaMsA prayoga aticAra hai| ukta prakAra kI icchAe~ karane se sAdhaka kA saMlekhanA vrata dUSita hotA hai| saMlekhanA-saMthArA kI sAdhanA karane vAle sAdhaka ko ihaloka yA paraloka kI AkAMkSA, jIne yA marane kI AkAMkSA tathA kAmabhogoM kI AkAMkSA nahIM karanI caahie| saMlekhanA : saMthArA kA mahattva zrAvaka ke tIna manorathoM meM 'saMthArA' tIsarA manoratha hai| zrAvaka jIvana bhara yaha saMkalpa karatA hai ki maiM antima samaya meM apazcima mAraNAntika saMlekhanA-saMthArA vrata svIkAra kruuNgaa| antima samaya meM saMlekhanA saMthArA pUrvaka samAdhimaraNa ko prApta hone vAlA zrAvaka yA zramaNa saMsAra ke sabhI du:khoM se mukta ho jAtA hai| usakI nizcita rUpa se sugati hotI hai| vaha adhika janmoM taka saMsAra meM paribhramaNa nahIM krtaa| saMthAre ke mahattva ko batAte hue likhA gayA-jIvana bhara lambI-lambI tapasyA karane se yA ahiMsA Adi vratoM ko dhAraNa karane se jo phala prApta nahIM hotA vaha phala antima samaya meM samAdhipUrvaka zarIra tyAgane se prApta hotA hai| isalie sabhI ko yaha bhAvanA mana meM rakhanI cAhie ki jIvana ke antima samaya meM mujhe saMthArA jarUra Aye, bhale hI do miniTa ke lie hI kyoM na aaye|

Page #196
187 AcArya samantabhadra ke anusAra jIvana meM Acarita tapoM kA phala anta samaya meM gRhIta saMlekhanA-saMthArA hI hai| saMthArA AtmahatyA nahIM hai samAdhimaraNa kI avadhAraNA se anabhijJa kaI vijJajanoM kA yaha AkSepa hai ki samAdhimaraNa AtmahatyA hai| unakA kahanA hai ki jaina paramparA kA yaha mAnanA hai ki jIne kI AkAMkSA yA marane kI AkAMkSA nahIM karanI cAhie? to kyA saMthArA karanA marane kI AkAMkSA nahIM hai? . - jaina darzana meM saMthArA ke pIche rahI bhAvanA ko yadi sahI DhaMga se samajha liyA jAe to yaha svataH hI spaSTa ho jAtA hai ki saMthArA marane kI AkAMkSA yA AtmahatyA nahIM hai| vyakti AtmahatyA krodha ke vazIbhUta hokara, sammAna para gaharI coTa pahuMcane para athavA jIvana se nirAza hone para karatA hai| ye sabhI citta kI sAMvegika avasthAe~ haiN| jabaki saMthArA citta meM samatva kI avasthA hai| vyakti Aveza meM Akara saMthArA nahIM letA aura na hI marane kI bhAvanA se saMthArA letA hai| isalie vaha AtmahatyA nahIM hai| jisa prakAra bar3I sAvadhAnIpUrvaka rogI kI zalyacikitsA karane para bhI yadi rogI mara jAtA hai to DaoNkTara ko hatyArA nahIM kahA jAtA usI prakAra saMthArA meM hone vAlI mRtyu AtmahatyA nahIM hai| dUsarI bAta AtmahatyA karane vAle ke mana meM marane kI icchA rahatI hai kintu saMthArA karane vAle ke mana meM na jIne kI icchA hotI hai aura na marane kI AkAMkSA hotI hai| saMthArA svIkAra karane vAlA yaha saMkalpa svIkAra karatA hai ki maiM jIne aura marane kI AkAMkSA se rahita hokara AtmaramaNa kruuNgaa| marane kI AkAMkSA karanA samAdhimaraNa kA doSa mAnA gayA hai. ataH saMthArA ko AtmahatyA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| saMthArA meM AhAra Adi ke tyAga dvArA mRtyu kI

Page #197
188 cAha nahIM apitu deha-poSaNa kA visarjana kiyA jAtA hai| AtmahatyA jIvana se Ubakara kI jAtI hai, usake mUla meM kAyaratA hai| jabaki saMthArA dvAra para khar3I mRtyu kA svAgata hai| bhaya yA kAyaratA nahIM apitu sAhasapUrNa sAmanA hai| isa prakAra saMthArA aura AtmahatyA kA uddezya alaga-alaga hone se saMthAsa ko AtmahatyA nahIM kahA jA sktaa| saMthArA samAdhipUrvaka mRtyu kA varaNa karane kI kalA hai| yaha mRtyu se ghabarAnA nahIM apitu haMsate hue mRtyu kA svAgata karanA hai| . praznAvalI prazna-1. nimnalikhita praznoM ke uttara vistAra se likheM 1. zramaNa kise kahate haiM, usake AcAra kA vivecana kreN| 2. zrAvakAcAra para eka nibandha likheN| 3. zrAvaka kI gyAraha pratimAoM kA vivecana kreN| 4. jaina jIvanazailI para prakAza ddaaleN| 5. jaina darzana ke anusAra icchAparimANavrata ko spaSTa karate hue usake aucitya para prakAza ddaaleN| 6. saMlekhanA kise kahate haiM? saMlekhanA kI vidhi kA vivecana kreN| 7. saMthArA kise kahate haiM? siddha kareM ki saMthArA AtmahatyA nahIM hai| prazna-2. nimnalikhita praznoM ke uttara 100 zabdoM meM deM 1. pAMca samiti ko smjhaaeN| 2. cAra zikSAvrata para prakAza ddaaleN| 3. parigraha ke kAraNoM kA vivecana kreN| .

Page #198
189 ikAI-5 AcAra mImAMsA jaina dharma meM ahiMsA kA bahuta hI sUkSma vivecana kiyA gayA hai| ahiMsA jaina darzana kA mUla AdhAra aura prANa hai| ahiMsA vaha dhurI hai, jisa para samagra jaina AcAra-vidhi ghUmatI hai| yaha vartamAna yuga kI samasta samasyAoM kA samAdhAna hai| ahiMsA kA vikAsa hone para na bhraSTAcAra saMbhava hai aura na aparAdha saMbhava hai| ahiMsA kA jIvana- vyavahAra meM AcaraNa kaise ho? isake lie AcArya mahAprajJa ne ahiMsA prazikSaNa kI prAyogika prakriyA prastuta kI / binA naitikatA ke ahiMsA kA vikAsa nahIM ho sakatA / naitikatA ke vikAsa ke lie AcArya tulasI ne aNuvrata ke niyama banAe, jinakI svastha samAja saMracanA meM ahaM bhUmikA hai| prastuta ikAI meM ahiMsA kA svarUpa, pazu-pakSiyoM ke prati krUratA banAma AtmaupamyatA, ahiMsA - prazikSaNa, aNuvrata Andolana, aNuvrata AcAra-saMhitA, svastha samAja saMracanA kA AdhAra- - aNuvrata aura aNuvrata ke kAryakSetra, kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| - 1. ahiMsA kA svarUpa mAnava jIvana ke do AdhAra stambha haiM- - AcAra aura vicAra | AcAra jIvana kA vyAvahArika pakSa hai aura vicAra saiddhAntika / AdamI jaisA socatA hai, vaisA karatA hai aura jaisA karatA hai, vaisA socatA bhI hai| AcAra aura vicAra - donoM eka-dUsare para AdhArita haiN| jaina darzana kI AcAra -mImAMsA ahiMsA para AdhArita hai| ahiMsA paramo dharmaH unakA mukhya ghoSa hai| ahiMsaka AcAra-1 ra-vicAra meM hI mAnava kA vikAsa nihita hai| satya, acaurya Adi vrata ahiMsA ke hI poSaka haiN| jaina dharma meM ahiMsA ko sarvabhUtakSemaMkarI - sabhI prANiyoM kA kalyANa karane vAlI aura mAtR sthAnIya mAnA gayA hai| jaina AcAra-vidhi kA sampUrNa kSetra ahiMsA se vyApta hai| sabhI naitika niyama aura maryAdAe~

Page #199
190 isake antargata haiN| ata: acche AcAra kA pAlana karane ke lie ahiMsA ke svarUpa ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai aura ahiMsA ko samajhane ke lie sabase pahale hiMsA ke svarUpa ko samajhanA Avazyaka hai| hiMsA kI paribhASA ____ tattvArtha sUtra meM AcArya umAsvAti ne hiMsA ko paribhASita karate hue likhA hai-'pramattayogAt prANavyaparopaNaM hiMsA' arthAt pramAdavaza jo prANaghAta hotA hai, vaha hiMsA hai| jaina darzana meM dasa prANa mAne gae haiM, yathA-zrotrendriya prANa, cakSurindriya prANa, ghrANendriya prANa, rasanendriya prANa, sparzanendriya prANa, manobala prANa, vacanabala prANa, kAryabala prANa, zvAsocchvAsa prANa aura AyuSya praann| zrotrendriya Adi indriyoM kA. jo bAharI rUpa hai, use dravyaprANa kahate haiM aura unake bhItara sunane, dekhane Adi kI jo kSamatA hai, use bhAvaprANa kahate haiN| ina dasa prANoM meM se kisI bhI prANa kA ghAta karanA hiMsA hai| hiMsA kI uparyukta paribhASA se yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki hiMsA meM sarvaprathama mana kA vyApAra hotA hai, phira vacana kA aura phira kAya kaa| pramAdavaza vyakti ke mana meM pratizodha kI bhAvanA jAgatI hai, jo hiMsA karane ke uddezya ko janma detI hai, phira vaha kaSTadAyaka vacana kA prayoga karatA hai aura yadi isase bhI Age bar3hatA hai to jisake prati usake mana meM pramAda jAgRta huA thA, usa jIva kA prANaghAta karatA hiMsA kA svarUpa hiMsA kI paribhASA se spaSTa hai ki hiMsA ke do rUpa hote haiM-bhAvahiMsA aura drvyhiNsaa| mana meM kisI ke prati rAga-dveSa kA bhAva AnA yA kisI prANI ko mArane kA saMkalpa karanA bhAvahiMsA hai| jahAM kisI ko mArane kA mana meM saMkalpa nahIM kiyA jAtA kintu anAyAsa kisI ke prANoM kA ghAta ho jAtA hai, vahAM dravyahiMsA hai|

Page #200
191 isa prakAra mana meM hiMsA ke bhAva AnA bhAvahiMsA hai tathA bhAvahiMsA ke pariNAmasvarUpa jo bhI ghaTanAe~ ghaTatI haiM, ve dravyahiMsA kI koTi meM AtI haiN| jaina darzana meM bhAvahiMsA aura dravyahiMsA ko lekara hiMsA ke cAra vikalpa kiye gae haiM 1. bhAvahiMsA aura dravyahiMsA donoN| 2. bhAvahiMsA para dravyahiMsA nhiiN| 3. bhAvahiMsA nahIM para drvyhiNsaa| 4. na bhAvahiMsA aura na drvyhiNsaa| ina cAroM vikalpoM ko udAharaNa se samajha sakate haiN| pahale vikalpa kA udAharaNa-jaise koI vyakti sarpa ko mArane ke uddezya se DaMDA letA hai aura sarpa ko mAra DAlatA hai| yahA~ sarpa ko mArane kA uddezya bhAvahiMsA aura sarpa ko mAra DAlanA dravyahiMsA hai| yadi kisI vyakti ne sarpa ko mArane ke uddezya se DaMDA uThAyA para sarpa bhAga gayA, sarpa kA prANaghAta vaha nahIM kara paayaa| yahAM bhAvahiMsA hai para dravyahiMsA nhiiN| yadi koI vyakti kaTe hue dhAna ke paudhoM ko pITa rahA hai aura saMyogavaza usake pITane se paudhoM ke nIce baiThA huA sarpa anajAne meM coTa khAkara mara jAe to vahAM para bhAvahiMsA nahIM para dravyahiMsA hai| kyoMki dhAna pITane vAle vyakti ke mana meM sarpa ko mArane kI koI bhAvanA nahIM thii| yadi koI vyakti sarpa ko dekhakara yaha socatA hai ki yaha bhI eka prANI hai ataH svacchanda vicaraNa kara rahA hai| use na to mArane kI socatA hai aura na mAratA hai to yahA~ na bhAvahiMsA hai aura na dravyahiMsA hai|

Page #201
192 sAmAnyatayA dravyahiMsA ko hI hiMsA mAnA jAtA hai| mana meM bhale hI bure vicAra haiM, mArane kA saMkalpa hai para jaba taka vaha kisI ko zArIrika hAni nahIM pahuMcAtA, taba taka vaha hiMsA karane kA doSI nahIM samajhA jaataa| kintu jaina darzana meM hiMsA kA bahuta sUkSma vizleSaNa kiyA gayA aura kahA gayA-bhAvahiMsA hI vAstavika hiMsA hai| karma-baMdhana kA kAraNa hai| bhAvahiMsA ke binA yadi mAtra dravyahiMsA hotI hai to vaha karma-baMdhana kA kAraNa nahIM banatI hai| hiMsA ke kAraNa hiMsA eka hai para usake kAraNa aneka haiN| manovijJAna ke anusAra hamArI maulika manovRttiyAM hiMsA kA kAraNa haiN| karmazAstra ke anusAra hiMsA kA kAraNa hamAre pUrvakRta karmoM kA vipAka hai| zarIrazAstrIya dRSTi se hiMsA ke preraka tattva hamAre jIna evaM rasAyana meM vidyamAna haiN| nimittoM kA yoga pAkara ve rasAyana hiMsAtmaka pravRtti ke kAraNa bana jAte haiN| isa prakAra hiMsA ke aneka kAraNa bana sakate haiM, jinameM kucha mukhya kAraNa nimnalikhita haiMhiMsA : Antarika kAraka tattva... 1. zarIra ke stara para * nAr3ItaMtrIya asaMtulana, * rAsAyanika asNtuln| 2. sUkSma zarIra ke stara para * karma-vipAka, * malina aabhaamNddl| 3. cetanA ke stara para * mAnasika tanAva,

Page #202
bhAvanAtmaka tanAva, niSedhAtmaka dRSTikoNa, mAnasika caMcalatA, * hInabhAvanA, vaicArika aagrh| hiMsA : bAhya kAraka tattva * asantulita samAja vyavasthA, asantulita rAjanItika vyavasthA, jAtIya aura raMgabheda kI samasyA, * mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM meM asaMtulana, Arthika spardhA aura abhAva, samAcAra-patra, mIDiyA | 193 1. hiMsA kA kAraNa abhAva jIvana kI nyUnatama AvazyakatAe~ haiM - roTI, kapar3A aura mkaan| inakA abhAva hone para vyakti hiMsaka bana jAtA hai| bhUkhA vyakti, garIba vyakti apane jIvana ko calAne ke lie hiMsA kA sahArA letA hai| kyoMki jijIviSA jIne kI cAha prANI mAtra kI maulika manovRtti hai| 2. asaMtulita AhAra manuSya ke AhAra kA isIlie kahA jAtA hiMsA kA kAraNa hai - asaMtulita AhAra / usake svabhAva ke sAtha gaharA saMbaMdha hotA hai| hai - jaisA khAe anna, vaisA hove mn| tAmasika aura rAjasika bhojana vyakti ke bhItara mUrcchA aura caMcalatA paidA karate haiN| mUrcchA aura caMcalatA hiMsA ko bar3hAvA detI haiN|

Page #203
194 3. tanAva hiMsA kA eka bahuta bar3A kAraNa hai-tnaav| vahI vyakti hiMsA karatA hai, jo tanAva se jyAdA grasta hotA hai| zArIrika, mAnasika aura bhAvanAtmaka ke bheda se tanAva ke tIna prakAra haiN| bhAvanAtmaka tanAva Avezajanya aura avasAdajanya hotA hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha se hone vAlA tanAva Avezajanya tanAva hai| nirAzA, niSkriyatA aura niThallApana Adi avasAdajanya tanAva haiN| ye donoM prakAra ke tanAva vyakti ko hiMsA kI ora le jAte haiN| 4. niSedhAtmaka bhAva hiMsA kA eka bahuta bar3A kAraNa hai-niSedhAtmaka bhaav| ghRNA, IrSyA, bhaya, kAmavAsanA-ye saba niSedhAtmaka bhAva haiN| inake vazIbhUta hokara bhI vyakti hiMsA karatA hai| Aja jAti, raMga Adi ke AdhAra para jo hiMsA ho rahI hai, usake pIche ghRNA kA bhAva hI prabala hai| 5. rAsAyanika asaMtulana hiMsA kA eka bar3A kAraka tattva hai-rAsAyanika asNtuln| hiMsA kevala bAharI kAraNoM se hI nahIM hotI, isake bhItarI kAraNa bhI haiM aura vaha hai-rAsAyanika asNtuln| hamArI graMthiyoM meM rasAyana banate haiN| ve saMtulita avasthA meM hone para jIvana meM saMtulana sthApita rahatA hai kintu ina rasAyanoM meM asaMtulana hone para vyakti kA mastiSka vikSipta ho jAtA hai aura usake bhItara hiMsA kI vRttiyAM jAga jAtI 6. nAr3ItaMtrIya asaMtulana nAr3ItaMtrIya asaMtulana bhI hiMsA kA eka kAraNa hai| nAr3ItaMtrIya asaMtulana hone para vyakti akAraNa hI hiMsA karane lagatA hai| mArane kA koI prayojana nahIM hotA aura na hI koI badalA lene kI bhAvanA

Page #204
195 hotI hai| nAr3ItaMtrIya asaMtulana ke kAraNa hiMsA karanA, mAranA vyakti ke Ananda aura manoraMjana kA viSaya bana jAtA hai| 7. karma kA vipAka bahuta bAra bAhara meM hiMsA kA koI dRzya kAraNa nahIM hotaa| vyakti zAMti se baiThA huA hai, kintu karma kA saMskAra acAnaka itanA prabala vipAka (udaya) meM A jAtA hai ki vyakti binA kAraNa, binA paristhiti hiMsA karane ke lie majabUra ho jAtA hai| hiMsA ke bheda - hiMsA kI utpatti kA mUla kAraNa hai. - kaSAya / ye kaSAya cAra haiM-- krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha / inhIM kaSAyoM ke kAraNa saraMbha, samAraMbha tathA Arambha hiMsA hotI hai| saraMbha, samAraMbha aura Arambha ke bheda se hiMsA ke tIna prakAra haiM 1. saraMbha - hiMsA karane kA mana meM jo vicAra AtA hai, use saraMbha kahate haiN| 2. samAraMbha - hiMsA karane ke lie jo upakrama kiyA jAtA hai, use samAraMbha kahate haiN| 3. Arambha - - prANaghAta taka jo kriyAe~ kI jAtI haiM, use Arambha kahate haiN| kAya - isa prakAra cAra kaSAya ko saraMbha Adi tIna se guNA karane para hiMsA ke bAraha prakAra ho jAte haiN| jaina darzana meM hiMsA mana, vacana aura kAyA se hotI hai ataH bAraha ko tIna se punaH guNA karane para hiMsA ke chattIsa bheda ho jAte haiN| mana, vacana, - ina tInoM yoga ke bhI tIna-tIna bheda hote haiN| hiMsA svayaM karavAnA tathA hiMsA karane vAle kA anumodana karanA. - ye tIna karaNa kahalAte haiN| isa prakAra hiMsA ke chattIsa bheda ko ina tIna karaNa se guNA karane para 108 bheda mAne jAte haiN| karanA, anya vyakti se -

Page #205
196 jaina vicArakoM ne hiMsA ko dUsarI taraha se vibhAjita kara usake cAra bheda batAye haiM 1. AraMbhajA-jIvana nirvAha ke nimitta bhojana Adi taiyAra karane meM jo hiMsA hotI hai, use AraMbhajA hiMsA kahate haiN| 2. udyogajA-khetI-bAr3I, AjIvikA ke upArjana athavA udyoga meM vyavasAya ke nimitta jo hiMsA hotI hai, use udyogajA hiMsA kahate haiN| ... 3. virodhajA-samAja, rASTra Adi para hue zatruoM yA atyAcAriyoM ke AkramaNa kA virodha karane meM jo hiMsA hotI hai, use virodhajA hiMsA kahate haiN| 4. saMkalpajA-saMkalpapUrvaka yA pahale se soca-vicAra kara mArane kA uddezya banAkara kisI ke prANa kA hanana karanA saMkalpajA hiMsA hai| prathama tIna prakAra kI hiMsA ko zrAvaka pUrNata: nahIM chor3a sakatA, AMzika rUpa se chor3atA hai kintu saMkalpajA hiMsA usake lie sarvathA varjanIya hai| hiMsA ke svarUpa aura kAraNoM ko samajhane ke bAda ahiMsA kA svarUpa svataH sAmane A jAtA hai| ahiMsA kI paribhASA ahiMsA zabda kA sIdhA-sA artha hai-hiMsA na krnaa| saMsAra ke sabhI jIva sthAvarakAya aura trasakAya ke bheda se do bhAgoM meM vibhakta haiN| pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu aura vanaspati-ye sthAvara jIva haiM tathA jinameM calane-phirane kA sAmarthya hotA hai, ve trasa-jIva haiN| trasa yA sthAvara kisI bhI jIva kI hiMsA na karanA hI ahiMsA

Page #206
197 ahiMsA ko paribhASita karate hue likhA gayA-'prANAnAmanatipAta: sarvabhUteSu saMyamaH apramAdo vA ahiNsaa'| ahiMsA kI isa paribhASA se tIna bAteM phalita hotI haiM 1. prANoM kA hanana na karanA-jaina darzana meM zrotrendriya Adi dasa prANa mAne gae haiN| unameM se kisI bhI prANa kA hanana na karanA ahiMsA hai| 2. prANImAtra ke prati saMyama rakhanA-saba jIvoM ke prati saMyamapUrNa jIvana-vyavahAra ahiMsA hai| ... 3. apramatta rahanA-pramAda hiMsA aura apramAda ahiMsA hai| . apramatta avasthA meM jAgarUkatA itanI bar3ha jAtI hai ki vaha pramAdavaza koI bhI hiMsA nahIM krtaa| ___isa prakAra jaina darzana meM hiMsA kA saMbaMdha mAtra prANa-viyojana karane se nahIM hai, usakA vyApaka artha hai| kisI bhI jIva ko utpIr3ita karanA, zoSaNa karanA, atirikta zrama lenA, anucita lAbha uThAnA, marmabhedI kaTu zabda bolanA, apamAnita karanA, dUsaroM ke adhikAroM meM kaTautI karanA Adi-Adi viSama vyavahAra bhI hiMsA hai| asad cintana evaM asatpravRtti mAtra hiMsA hai| sacintana aura satpravRtti mAtra ahiMsA hai| jaina darzana meM hiMsA aura ahiMsA ke bheda kA AdhAra rAga-dveSa hai| jahAM rAga-dveSAtmaka pravRtti hai, vahAM kisI bhI prANI ke prANa kA viyojana na hone para bhI bhAva-hiMsA hai aura jahAM para rAga-dveSAtmaka pravRtti nahIM hai, vahAM para kisI bhI prANI ke prANa kA viyojana ho jAne para bhI bhAvahiMsA nahIM hai, mAtra dravyahiMsA hai| ahiMsA ke prakAra ahiMsA kA zabdAnusArI artha hiMsA na karane se liyA jAtA

Page #207
198 hai, kintu isake pAribhASika artha niSedhAtmaka aura vidheyAtmaka donoM haiM ataH niSedhAtmaka aura vidheyAtmaka ke bheda se ahiMsA ke do prakAra ho jAte haiN| niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA rAga-dveSAtmaka pravRtti nahIM karanA, prANa-vadha nahIM karanA yA pravRtti mAtra kA nirodha karanA niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA hai| . jaina darzana ke anusAra tIna yoga (mana, vacana, kAya) aura tIna karaNa (karanA, karAnA, anumodana karanA) se hiMsA na karanA hI pUrNa ahiMsA hai| ina tIna yoga aura tIna karaNa ke saMyoga se ahiMsA ke nau prakAra bana jAte haiM, jo isa prakAra haiM 1. mana se hiMsA na krnaa| 2. mana se hiMsA na krvaanaa| ___ 3. mana se hiMsA kA anumodana na krnaa| . . . 4. vacana se hiMsA na krnaa| . 5. vacana se hiMsA na krvaanaa| 6. vacana se hiMsA kA anumodana na krnaa| 7. kAya se hiMsA na krnaa| 8. kAya se hiMsA na krvaanaa| 9. kAya se hiMsA kA anumodana na krnaa| ina nau prakAroM se kisI bhI prANI kA ghAta na karanA ahiMsA hai| yaha ahiMsA kA niSedhAtmaka svarUpa hai| ahiMsA kA yaha niSedhAtmaka svarUpa hI adhika pracalita hai kintu ahiMsA kA vidheyAtmaka rUpa bhI hai| vidheyAtmaka ahiMsA satpravRtti karanA, svAdhyAya karanA, dAna karanA, jJAna-carcA

Page #208
199 Adi-Adi AtmahitakArI kriyA karanA vidheyAtmaka ahiMsA hai| niSedhAtmaka ahiMsA meM kevala hiMsA kA varjana hotA hai. aura vidheyAtmaka ahiMsA meM satpravRtti aura satpravRtyAtmaka sakriyatA hotI hai| jaina darzana ke anusAra saba jIva jInA cAhate haiM, maranA koI nahIM cAhatA ataH saba jIvoM ko apane samAna samajho aura kisI ko hAni mata phuNcaao| isa kathana meM ahiMsA kA dvayarthI siddhAntavidheyAtmaka aura 'niSedhAtmaka sannihita hai| vidheyAtmaka meM ekatA kA saMdeza hai-'sabameM apane Apako dekho'| niSedhAtmaka usase utpanna hotA hai-'kisI ko bhI hAni mata phuNcaao'| sabameM apane Apako dekhane kA artha hai-sabako hAni pahuMcAne se bcaanaa| yaha hAni se bacAnA, sabameM eka kI kalpanA karane se vikasita hotA hai| ataH ahiMsA kA kevala niSedhAtmaka svarUpa hI nahIM vidheyAtmaka svarUpa bhI hai| ahiMsA ke cAra viklp| .. ahiMsA kI paribhASA se yaha spaSTa hai ki ahiMsA ke do rUpa hote haiM-bhAva ahiMsA aura dravya ahiNsaa| mana meM yaha saMkalpa karanA ki maiM kisI bhI prANI kA ghAta nahIM karUMgA, bhAva ahiMsA hai tathA mana se kiye gae saMkalpa ko kriyA rUpa denA arthAt vacana aura kAya se usakA pAlana karanA dravya ahiMsA hai| bhAva ahiMsA aura dravya ahiMsA ke AdhAra para ahiMsA ke cAra vikalpa isa prakAra bana sakate haiM * bhAva ahiMsA aura dravya ahiMsA donoN| * bhAva ahiMsA kintu dravya ahiMsA nhiiN| * bhAva ahiMsA nahIM kintu dravya ahiNsaa| . * na bhAva ahiMsA aura na dravya ahiNsaa| 1. bhAva ahiMsA aura dravya ahiMsA-koI vyakti mana meM saMkalpa karatA hai ki vaha kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA nahIM karegA aura

Page #209
200 sacamuca vaha aisA karatA bhI hai to aisI ahiMsA bhAvarUpa aura dravyarUpa donoM hI huii| 2. bhAva ahiMsA kintu dravya ahiMsA nahIM-eka muni kisI bhI prANI kI hiMsA na karane kA saMkalpa letA hai aura IryA-samiti pUrvaka apanI rAha para dekhate hue calatA hai, phira bhI bahuta se jIvoM kA anajAne meM ghAta ho jAtA hai| yahA~ para bhAva ahiMsA to hai para dravya ahiMsA nahIM hai| 3. bhAva ahiMsA nahIM para dravya ahiMsA-eka machuArA machalI mArane ke uddezya se jAla phailAtA hai, kintu saMyogavaza kabhI-kabhI vaha eka bhI machalI nahIM pakar3a pAtA hai| yahA~ para bhAva ahiMsA nahIM hai kintu dravya ahiMsA hai| 4. na bhAva ahiMsA aura na dravya ahiMsA-mAMsa Adi ke .. lobha se AdamI jaba mRga Adi jIvoM ko mAratA hai to usake dvArA na bhAva ahiMsA hotI hai aura na dravya ahiMsA hI hotI hai| ahiMsA kA pAlana kyoM? ___ ahiMsA pAlana karane kA vyAvahArika hetu yaha hai ki sabhI jIva jInA cAhate haiM, sabhI ko apanA jIvana priya hotA hai| maranA koI nahIM caahtaa| mArane se unheM. kaSTa pahuMcatA hai| kisI ko kaSTa pahuMcAnA ucita nahIM ataH ahiMsA kA pAlana karanA caahie| ahiMsA pAlana karane kA yaha vyAvahArika kAraNa hai, pradhAna kAraNa nhiiN| ahiMsA-pAlana karane kA naizcayika yA pradhAna kAraNa hai-aatm-klyaann| hiMsA karane vAlA vyakti dUsaroM kA ahita karane se pahale apanA ahita karatA hai| hiMsA kA bhAva mana meM lAkara vaha apanI AtmA kA patana karatA hai, kyoMki mana meM hiMsA ke bhAva Ane mAtra se pApakarma kA baMdhana ho jAtA hai, AtmA malina ho jAtI hai| hiMsA karane vAlA vyakti dUsaroM se vairabhAva bar3hAkara unheM apanA zatru banA letA hai| isake

Page #210
201 viparIta ahiMsA kA pAlana karane vAlA sabhI prANiyoM ko samAna dRSTi se dekhatA hai, mana meM kisI ke prati dveSabhAva nahIM laataa| mana ke dUSita na hone para usakI AtmA bhI zuddha evaM pavitra rahatI hai| Atmazuddhi ke kAraNa vaha mokSamArga para agrasara hotA hai| ahiMsA ke pAlana se vaha janma-maraNa ke baMdhana se chUTakara mokSa ko prApta kara letA hai| isa prakAra ahiMsA pAlana karane ke do kAraNa haiN| vyAvahArika kAraNa hai-anya prANiyoM ke prati upakAra aura naizcayika kAraNa hai-AtmakalyANa yA moksspraapti| 2. pazu-pakSiyoM ke prati krUratA banAma AtmaupamyatA jaina darzana AtmavAdI darzana hai| usake anusAra samasta prANiyoM kI AtmA samAna hai| cAhe vaha manuSya kI AtmA ho yA pazu-pakSI kI AtmA ho| jaise manuSya apane prati krUra. vyavahAra pasanda nahIM karatA, vaise hI pazu-pakSI bhI apane prati krUra vyavahAraM pasanda nahIM krte| kintu manuSya ne Aja apanI bhautika sukha-suvidhAoM kI prApti ke lie pazu-pakSiyoM ke sAtha krUra vyavahAra karanA zurU kara diyA, jisase pazu-pakSiyoM ko to kaSTa hotA hI hai kintu usakA duSpariNAma mAnava mAtra ko bhoganA par3a rahA hai| isalie yaha bahuta Avazyaka ho gayA hai ki manuSya pazu-pakSiyoM ke sAtha bhI Atmatulya vyavahAra kre| anAvazyaka unake sAtha krUra vyavahAra na kre| AtmatulA ke bhAva ko vikasita karane ke sAtha-sAtha yaha jAnanA bhI Avazyaka hai ki kina-kina kSetro meM pazu-pakSiyoM ke sAtha anAvazyaka krUra vyavahAra ho rahA hai| pro. baccharAja dugar3a ne 'ahiMsA kA vyavahAra' nAmaka apanI pustaka meM manuSya dvArA pazu-pakSiyoM ke prati kI jAne vAlI krUratA ke vividha kSetroM ko nimnalikhita binduoM ke mAdhyama se sodAharaNa samajhAyA hai, jo isa prakAra hai 1. pazu-pakSiyoM ke AvAsa kA krUratApUrNa vinaash| 2. bhojana, vastra aura manoraMjana hetu kruurtaa|

Page #211
. 3. phaizana, sukha-suvidhAoM hetu pazu-pakSiyoM ke prati kruurtaa| 4. auSadhiyoM ke AviSkAra evaM nirmANa hetu kruurtaa| 5. philmoM meM pazuoM ke prati krUra vyvhaar| 1. pazu-pakSiyoM ke AvAsa kA krUratApUrNa vinAza manuSya dvArA svayaM kI bar3hatI janasaMkhyA kI vikAsa sambandhI AvazyakatAoM ko pUrNa karane ke lie pazu-pakSiyoM ke prAkRtika AvAsoM ko krUratApUrNa tarIkoM se tahasa-nahasa evaM naSTa kiyA gayA hai| ina AvAsoM kA vinAza khetI, AvAsa aura cArAgAha jaisI AvazyakatA pUrti ke sAtha lakar3I evaM anya saMsAdhanoM kI prApti hetu kiyA gayA hai| isa vinAza kA vanya jIvoM para pratikUla prabhAva par3A hai aura eka aisA vAtAvaraNa naSTa ho gayA hai, jo unheM bhojana, prajanana kSetra tathA pakSiyoM ko ghoMsale banAkara apane baccoM kA pAlana karane jaisI suvidhAe~ pradAna karatA hai| vanya prANiyoM ke pAsa aisI sthiti meM isake sivAya anya koI vikalpa nahIM raha jAtA ki yA to ve navIna paristhitiyoM ke anukUla baneM, palAyana kara jAe~ yA naSTa ho jaaeN| pazu-pakSiyoM kI isa krUra vAstavikatA ke sAtha manuSya yaha vismRta kara detA hai ki sabhyatAe~ vanoM se prArambha hokara registAna meM samApta hotI haiN| - bhArata meM 752.3 lAkha hekTeyara bhUmi ko vana kSetra ghoSita kiyA gayA hai, isameM se 406.1 lAkha hekTeyara ArakSita vana, 215.1 lAkha hekTeyara surakSita vana, 111.63 lAkha hekTeyara gaira vargIkRta evaM anya taraha se vargIkRta vana haiN| ina sabake bAvajUda bhArata meM vizva ke mAtra 2 pratizata vana haiM jabaki vizva kI pazu saMkhyA / kA lagabhaga 13 pratizata pazu bhArata meM hai| isa navIna kSetra meM nirantara kamI A rahI hai| caMDIgar3ha, dillI, pAMDicerI, lakSadvIpa, hariyANA Adi meM unake kula kSetraphala kA ati nagaNya kSetra vana haiN| jabaki

Page #212
203 paMjAba, hariyANA, jammU-kazmIra, pazcimI baMgAla, bihAra, rAjasthAna ke kSetra kA kucha mAmUlI pratizata hI vana kSetra haiN| spaSTataH yaha parilakSita hotA hai ki janasaMkhyA ghanatva ke bar3hane ke sAtha vanIya kSetra kama hotA calA jAtA hai aura pazu-pakSiyoM ke isa prAkRtika AvAsa ke naSTa ho jAne se unakI prajAtiyoM va unakI saMkhyA meM nirantara kamI AtI jA rahI hai| bhArata meM bAgha, sohana cir3iyA, sunaharI garur3a, batakha, kazmIrI bArahasiMghe, kastUrI mRga, jaMgalI bhaiMse, ghar3iyAla, rAjahaMsa, sapheda cIte evaM babbara zera, sapheda hAthI, sapheda kauve Adi vanya jIvoM kI prajAtiyAM yA to lupta ho gaI haiM yA ye vilupti ke kagAra para haiN| 2. bhojana, vastra evaM manoraMjana hetu krUratA mAMsAhAra kI lAlasA pazu-pakSiyoM ke prati krUratA kA jIvanta udAharaNa hai| 8 mArca, 1997 ko dainika navabhArata patra meM eka zIrSaka 'mujhe kala kATA jAegA, Apa AmaMtrita haiM, rAjadhAnI ke mAMsa vikretAoM dvArA nRzaMsatA kI iMtahA' mAnavIya krUratA kI parAkASThA ko dikhAne vAlA eka samAcAra thaa| jo pazu zuddha zAkAhArI haiM, jo hamAre lie apanA khUna-pasInA eka karate haiM, use svAda ke lie Tukar3e-Tukar3e kara apane peTa meM DAlanA eka jaghanya aura ghRNita kArya hai| vastra Adi ke lie rezama ke kIr3oM kI khetI tathA bAgha, sAMpa Adi kI khAloM ke prayoga se phara kA koTa Adi ne lAkhoM pazu-pakSiyoM ko manuSya kI krUratA kA zikAra banAyA hai| jAnavaroM kI khAla ke upayoga ke vyAmoha ne bAgha, teMdue, hiraNa, magaramaccha, sAMpa evaM suMdara paMkhoM vAle bahuta se pakSI asamaya meM hI manuSya kI krUratA ke zikAra Aja bhI hote jA rahe haiN| manoraMjana ke lie krUratAe~ kitane veSa badalakara samAja meM pravaSTi ho rahI hai, usakA koI lekhA-jokhA hamAre pAsa nahIM hai| manoraMjana

Page #213
204 ke lie ghur3adaur3a, sAMDoM evaM murgoM kI lar3AI Adi meM ina pazuoM ko jo yAtanAe~ dI jAtI haiM, unakI hama kalpanA bhI nahIM kara skte| isa prakAra bhojana, vastra aura manoraMjana mAtra ke lie manuSya pazu-pakSiyoM ke sAtha krUra vyavahAra kara rahA hai| 3. phaizana sukha-suvidhA hetu krUratA phaizana aura sukha-suvidhAoM meM vRddhi hetu bhI manuSya kI krUratA pazu-pakSiyoM ke prati dina-pratidina bar3ha rahI hai| aMgorA vastra kharagoza athavA bakare-bakariyoM kI tAMta se banAyA jAne vAlA vastra hai| isI taraha zahatUta zAle tibbatI kuraMga (mRga) ke Una se banAI jAtI hai| isI taraha phara ke koTa Adi ke lie miMka, kharagoza Adi mulAyama pazuoM kI khAle kAma meM lI jAtI haiN| eka rezamI sADI kI prApti ke lie 3462 rezamI kITa mauta ke ghATa utAra diye jAte saundarya prasAdhanoM se sundara lagane kI lAlasA pUrti lAkhoM jIvoM kI hiMsA se hotI hai| zeviMga krIma evaM zRMgAra prasAdhanoM ke banAne meM lArDa kA upayoga hotA hai| sUara, bher3a evaM mavezI ke irda-girda lipaTI vasA ko 'lArDa' kahate haiN| tvacA krImo ke lie pazuoM ke garbhAzaya se nikAle gaye plesenTA kA prayoga hotA hai| zaimpU Adi ke parIkSaNa ke lie prayukta saikar3oM kharagoza andhe ho jAte haiN| isI taraha TUthapesTa, nelapaoNliza, nelapaoNliza rimUvara, lipisTika Adi lAkhoM jIvoM kI kabragAha para banate haiN| 4. auSadhiyoM ke nirmANa meM pazu hiMsA auSadhiyoM ke nirmANa meM bhI pazu-pakSiyoM ke sAtha krUra vyavahAra khulakara hotA hai| svastha pazuoM ko davAiyoM se bImAra banAkara unheM bhinna-bhinna davAiyAM dekara yaha dekhA jAtA hai ki kisa auSadhi kA una para kyA prabhAva par3atA hai| davAiyoM meM pazuoM kI carbI, rakta, .

Page #214
205 mAMsa Adi kA prayoga hotA hai| inakI prApti ke lie pazuoM ko akAla mRtyu kA sAmanA karanA par3atA hai| madhumeha roga hetu 'insulina' kA prayoga kiyA jAtA hai, jise sUara, bher3a yA baila ke agnyAzaya se prApta kiyA jAtA hai| tvacA para lagAI jAne vAlI auSadhiyoM meM glisarIna kA vyApaka prayoga hotA hai| lAgata kama Ae isa dRSTi se pazu carbI se glisarIna kA utpAdana kiyA jAtA hai| jileTina pazuoM kI jhilliyoM, haDDiyoM Adi ko ubAlakara prApta kiyA jAtA hai| isa jileTina se kaipsUla taiyAra kiye jAte haiN| isa prakAra auSadhiyoM ke nirmANa meM bhI pazuoM ke prati mAnava kA krUra vyavahAra pratyakSa dRSTigocara hotA hai| AtmaupamyatA kA vikAsa AtmaupamyatA kA artha hai-sabhI prANiyoM ko apane samAna smjhnaa| yaha AtmaupamyatA kI bhAvanA tabhI vikasita ho sakatI hai, jaba vyakti ahiMsA ke marma ko samajha letA hai| bhagavAn mahAvIra ahiMsA ke upadeSTA the| unhoMne ahiMsA ke sandarbha meM aneka aise sUtra diye jo AtmatulA ke bhAva ko vikasita karane vAle haiN| bhagavAn mahAvIra ne eka maulika avadhAraNA dii| pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu, vanaspati-ye saba jIva haiN| jo inake astitva ko asvIkAra karatA hai, vaha apane astitva ko asvIkAra karatA hai| jo inakI hiMsA karatA hai, vaha apanI hiMsA karatA hai| isalie hameM kisI bhI prANI kA hanana nahIM karanA cAhie, una para zAsana nahIM karanA cAhie, unheM dAsa nahIM banAnA cAhie, unheM kaSTa nahIM denA cAhie aura unakA prANa viyojana nahIM karanA caahie| yaha zAzvata siddhAnta hai ki sabhI prANI jInA cAhate haiM, maranA koI nahIM caahtaa| jaise hamAre sAtha koI burA vyavahAra karatA hai, to hameM acchA nahIM lagatA usI prakAra hama dUsaroM ke prati burA vyavahAra karate haiM to unheM bhI acchA nahIM lgtaa| isalie hameM vaisA hI .

Page #215
206 vyavahAra dUsaroM ke sAtha kasnA cAhie jaisA dUsaroM se hama apane lie cAhate haiN| __Atma-svarUpa kI dRSTi se sabhI jIva samAna haiN| koI choTA / yA bar3A nahIM hai| karmoM ke adhIna ho vyakti U~ca-nIca banatA hai| mAlika-naukara banatA hai| kintu isake AdhAra para kisI ko choTA mAnakara usakA zoSaNa karanA, usake sAtha krUra vyavahAra karanA mAnavIyatA nahIM hai| . . bhagavAna mahAvIra ne to yahAM taka kahA ki 'mittI me savva bhUesu' sabhI prANiyoM ke sAtha merI maitrI hai, kisI ke sAtha merI zatrutA nahIM hai| isa bhAvanA ko puSTa karanA caahie| Aja bhojana, vastra, manoraMjana, auSadhiyoM ke nirmANa hetu asaMkhya niraparAdha jIvoM kI hatyA ho rahI hai| AMkar3e kahate haiM ki jisa anupAta meM pazuoM para anusaMdhAna ke nAma para hatyAeM ho rahI haiM, yadi isI anupAta meM manuSyoM para anusaMdhAna ho to cAra varSa meM pRthvI se manuSya jAti hI khatma ho jaayegii| isa prakAra bhagavAn mahAvIra ne 2600 varSa pUrva ahiMsA aura saMyama ke jo sUtra diye| una sUtroM kA yadi abhyAsa kiyA jAye to AtmaupamyatA kI bhAvanA kA vikAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai| 3. ahiMsA prazikSaNa . ahiMsA ke vikAsa ke lie ahiMsA ke siddhAnta ko samajhanA hI paryApta nahIM apitu usake lie prayoga karanA Avazyaka hai| Aja vizva meM hiMsA ke prazikSaNa ke lie araboM-kharaboM rupaye kharca kiye jA rahe haiN| vidhivat hiMsA kA prazikSaNa diyA jA rahA hai kintu ahiMsA-prazikSaNa para dhyAna nahIM diyA jA rahA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa samasyAe~ bar3hatI jA rahI haiN| AcArya tulasI ke anusAra hiMsA ke mukAbale meM ahiMsA kI zakti kama nahIM hai, apekSA hai usa zakti ko

Page #216
jAnane kii| unakA mAnanA hai manuSya ke mastiSka meM jo hiMsA ke kendra haiM, unakA pariSkAra karane ke lie aura ahiMsA ke kendra ko jAgRta karane ke lie prazikSaNa aura prayoga kI AvazyakatA hai| prazikSaNa kA saMbaMdha upadeza se nahIM, AcaraNa se hai| hiMsA mata karo yaha upadeza hai kintu jIvana - vyavahAra meM ahiMsA kA honA AcaraNa hai| AcaraNa ke lie ahiMsA kA vidhivat prazikSaNa honA Avazyaka hai| AcArya mahAprajJa ne ahiMsA - prazikSaNa ke cAra AyAma prastuta kiye haiN| ahiMsA - prazikSaNa ke cAra AyAma 207 ahiMsA-prazikSaNa ke mukhya cAra AyAma haiM 1. hRdaya parivartana, 2. dRSTikoNa parivartana, 3. jIvanazailI parivartana, 4. AjIvikAzuddhi - prazikSaNa / 1. hRdaya parivartana - - ahiMsA - prazikSaNa kA prathama AyAma hai- -hRdy-privrtn| hRdaya kA sAdhAraNatayA artha hArTa (Heart ) kiyA jAtA hai| yahAM hRdaya parivartana kA artha hai- - bhAva-parivartana / Ayurveda ke anusAra hRdaya do haiM - eka phuphphusa ke nIce aura dUsarA mastiSka meN| hamAre bhAvoM kA udgama sthala mastiSka kA eka bhAga limbika saMsthAna hai, ataH hRdaya parivartana ko mastiSkIya prazikSaNa bhI kahA jA sakatA hai| AcArya mahAprajJa ke anusAra hRdaya parivartana kA tAtparya niSedhAtmaka bhAvoM ko samApta kara vidhAyaka bhAvoM ko jagAne se hai| rAga-dveSa, ghRNA, IrSyA Adi niSedhAtmaka bhAva haiN| maitrI, karuNA, dayA, prema Adi vidheyAtmaka bhAva haiN| niSedhAtmaka bhAva hiMsA ko janma dete haiN| sAmAnyatayA yaha samajhA jAtA hai ki AdamI paristhitivaza hiMsA

Page #217
208 karatA hai| para vAstava meM paristhiti hI hiMsA kA kAraNa nahIM hai| bahuta bAra paristhiti hone para bhI vyakti uttejita-hiMsaka nahIM banatA aura bahuta bAra paristhiti nahIM hone para bhI vyakti uttejita-hiMsaka bana jAtA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki paristhiti hiMsA kA mUla kAraNa nahI hai, vaha nimitta kAraNa bana sakatI hai| mUla kAraNa hai manuSya ke niSedhAtmaka bhaav| inheM manuSya kI maulika manovRttiyA~ (Instinct) kahA jA sakatA hai| ina vRttiyoM (bhAvoM) kA pariSkAra hI hRdaya parivartana bhAvanAtmaka parivartana meM anuprekSA ke prayogoM kI mahattvapUrNa bhUmikA rahI hai| anuprekSA meM mastiSka aura pUre zarIra ko zithila kara sujhAva diye jAte haiM, sAtha-sAtha raMgoM kA dhyAna bhI kiyA jAtA hai| dhvani aura raMga-ye donoM avacetana mana ko prabhAvita karate haiN| inase purAne saMskAroM, arjita AdatoM evaM niSedhAtmaka bhAvoM kA nAza hotA hai| nae saMskAroM, naI AdatoM aura zubha bhAvoM kA nirmANa hotA niSedhAtmaka bhAvoM kA eka mukhya kAraNa AhAra bhI hai| Aja vyakti ke AhAra meM ve padArtha adhika haiM jo bhAvAtmaka asaMtulana paidA karate haiN| pahale kahA jAtA thA jaisA anna, vaisA mn| Aja kahA jAtA hai jaisA AhAra, vaisA nyuurottraansmiittr| jaisA nyUroTrAnsamITara vaisA vyvhaar| hama jo bhojana karate haiM, usase zarIra meM aneka prakAra ke rasAyana banate haiM, mastiSka meM nyUroTrAnsamITara banate haiM, jo tantrikA tantra ke saMpreSaka hote haiN| inake dvArA mastiSka zarIra kA saMcAlana karatA hai| bhojana ke dvArA aneka viSaile tattva bhI zarIra meM banate haiM ataH kisa prakAra ke bhojana se viSaile tattva adhika banate haiM, isakA prazikSaNa bhI Avazyaka hai| jisa bhojana se viSa adhika banatA hai, vaha bhAvoM ko bhI dUSita banAtA hai| ataH bhAva-parivartana ke lie hitAhAra aura mitAhAra kA prazikSaNa bhI Avazyaka hai|

Page #218
209 2. dRSTikoNa-parivartana ahiMsA-prazikSaNa kA dUsarA AyAma hai-dRSTikoNa kA privrtn| galata dRSTikoNa ke kAraNa mithyA dhAraNAe~, nirapekSa cintana aura ekAMgI Agraha panapate haiN| mithyA dhAraNAe~, nirapekSa cintana aura ekAMgI Agraha hI hiMsA ke mukhya kAraNa banate haiN| Aja manuSya ke bhItara aneka mithyA dhAraNAe~ ghara kara gaI haiN| 'na hi mAnuSAt zreSThataraM hi kiMcit' upaniSad ke isa vAkya ke AdhAra para yaha mAna liyA gayA ki manuSya sarvazreSTha prANI hai| manuSya se zreSTha kucha bhI nahIM hai| pariNAma yaha huA ki usane yaha mAna liyA ki sArI sRSTi usake upabhoga ke lie hai| vaha bhoktA hai| isa mithyA dRSTikoNa ke kAraNa usane AvazyakatA se adhika prakRti kA dohana kiyaa| prasAdhana ke lie jIvita prANiyoM ke avayavoM aura camar3e kA upayoga kiyaa| paryAvaraNa ko pradUSita kiyaa| ____ mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM meM Aja jo kaTutA dikhalAI de rahI hai, usakA hetu bhI vyakti kA nirapekSa dRSTikoNa hai| nirapekSa cintana kA svarUpa hai-maiMne pIyA, mere baila ne pIyA, aba cAhe kuAM Dhaha pdd'e| lekina jahAM sApekSa dRSTikoNa hotA hai, vahAM vyakti socatA hai-maiM bhUkhA nahIM hU~, para yadi merA par3osI bhUkhA hai to usakA pariNAma mere lie acchA nahIM hogaa| bhUkhA vyakti corI karegA, aparAdha karegA aura mujha para bhI AkramaNa karegA ataH mujhe usake prati nirapekSa nahIM bananA caahie| __jahA~ dRSTikoNa mithyA hotA hai, vahAM apanI bAta ko satya mAnane kA Agraha hotA hai. aura Agrahayukta manovRtti sAmpradAyika uttejanA ke lie uttaradAyI hai| samyak dRSTikoNa ke prazikSaNa kA upAya hai-anekAnta kA prshikssnn| anekAnta kA prazikSaNa vyakti ko mithyA dhAraNA, nirapekSa cintana aura Agraha se mukta karatA hai| parivartana kevala jAnane se nahIM

Page #219
210 hotaa| isake lie dIrghakAlika abhyAsa apekSita hai| samyak dRSTikoNa ko vikasita karane ke lie nimna nirdiSTa anekAnta ke siddhAnta aura prAyogika abhyAsa-anuprekSAoM kA prazikSaNa Avazyaka hai prayoga sAmaMjasya kI anuprekSA saha-astitva kI anuprekSA svatantratA kI anuprekSA sApekSatA kI anuprekSA siddhAnta 1. sapratipakSa 2. saha- -astitva 3. svatantratA 4. sApekSatA 5. samanvaya samanvaya kI anuprekSA / * 3. jIvanazailI - parivartana ahiMsA - prazikSaNa kA tIsarA AyAma hai-- jIvanazailI kA parivartana / Aja vyakti ahiMsaka bananA cAhatA hai kintu jIvanazailI ko badalanA nahIM cAhatA / ahiMsaka banane ke lie Avazyaka hai parigraha kA sImA karanA aura parigraha ke sImA ke lie Avazyaka hai bhogoM para niyaMtraNa krnaa| aniyaMtrita bhoga hiMsA ko bar3hAvA dete haiN| jIvanazailI ko badalane kA eka mahattvapUrNa sUtra haisuvidhAvAdI jIvanazailI meM parivartana / suvidhAvAdI jIvanazailI pradUSaNa paidA kara rahI hai| Aja isa vaijJAnika yuga meM samAja suvidhA nahIM chor3a sakatA kintu vaha asIma na bane - yaha viveka Avazyaka hai| ahiMsaka banane ke lie Avazyaka hai jIvanazailI meM saMyama ko pratiSThA mile, suvidhA ko nahIM / vAstava meM saMyama hI jIvana hai aura saMyama se hI hiMsA kA samAdhAna hai| - ahiMsA ke vikAsa ke lie Avazyaka hai jIvanazailI zrama pradhAna aura vyasanoM se mukta ho / zrama kiye binA paisA prApta karane kI manovRtti hiMsA aura aparAdha ko bar3hAtI hai| sevana bhI aparAdha cetanA ko bar3hAne meM nimitta banatI hai| mAdaka dravyoM kA

Page #220
211 - isa prakAra jIvanazailI ke parivartana ke lie saMyama, zrama, svAvalambana evaM vyasanamukta jIvana kA saiddhAntika prazikSaNa apekSita hai| aNuvrata kI AcAra-saMhitA kA jIvanazailI ke parivartana meM bahuta bar3A yogadAna hai| isake sAtha-sAtha nimnalikhita anuprekSAoM kA abhyAsa bhI jIvanazailI ke parivartana ke lie apekSita hai___ 1. ahiMsA kI anuprekSA, 2. satya, acaurya kI anuprekSA, 3. brahmacarya kI anuprekSA, 4. icchAparimANa kI anuprekSA, 5. svAvalambana kI anuprekSA, 6. vyasanamukti ke pryog| 4. AjIvikA-zuddhi aura AjIvikA prazikSaNa ahiMsA-prazikSaNa kA cauthA AyAma hai-AjIvikA-zuddhi aura aajiivikaa-prshikssnn| manuSya ke pAsa zarIra hai, parivAra hai ataH use usakA poSaNa aura saMrakSaNa bhI karanA par3atA hai| isalie usake pAsa koI-na-koI AjIvikA ho yaha atyanta Avazyaka hai, kintu hiMsA pradhAna AjIvikA kA niSedha honA caahie| aise vyApAra, jisameM mahAhiMsA hotI hai, unakA varjana karanA cAhie, jaise-jaMgala kaTavAnA, mAMsa kA vikraya karanA aadi| isa dRSTi se samyak AjIvikA kA prazikSaNa ahiMsA kA mahattvapUrNa pahalU bana jAtA hai| AjIvikA prApta karake bhI use anaitika nahIM banane denA bhI ahiMsA kA hI eka prayoga hai| kucha loga apanI AvazyakatA se itanA adhika kharca kara lete haiM ki bahuta sAre garIba logoM ko roTI milanA bhI muzkila ho jAtA hai| isalie ahiMsA-prazikSaNa meM AjIvikA kA samyak prayoga jahAM vyakti ko parigraha se mukta karatA hai, vahIM anya logoM kI AjIvikA kI rakSA bhI karatA hai| ---

Page #221
212 isa prakAra ahiMsA-prazikSaNa ke ye cAra mahattvapUrNa AyAma haiN| hRdaya-parivartana se dRSTikoNa kA parivartana hotA hai| dRSTikoNa ke parivartana hone se jIvanazailI meM parivartana hotA hai| jIvanazailI meM saMyama kI pratiSThA hone se AjIvikA kI zuddhi hotI hai| ahiMsA meM vizvAsa rakhane vAle sabhI logoM ke lie yaha Avazyaka hai ki ve svayaM inakA prazikSaNa leM aura dUsaroM ko bhI prazikSaNa lene kI preraNA pradAna kreN| isa prazikSaNa se nizcita rUpa se ahiMsA kA varcasva sthApita ho sakatA hai| hiMsA ke jitane kAraNa haiM, prazikSaNa aura prayogoM ke dvArA una kAraNoM ko samApta karake ahiMsA kA vikAsa kiyA jA sakatA hai| AcArya mahAprajJa ne hiMsA ke kAraNoM kA nivAraNa karane ke lie uparyukta ahiMsA-prazikSaNa ke cAra sUtroM kI ora hamArA dhyAna - AkarSita kiyA hai| AvazyakatA hai inako samajhakara inakA abhyAsa karane kii| 4. aNuvrata Andolana bhagavAn mahAvIra ne do prakAra ke dharma kA pratipAdana kiyA-gRhastha dharma aura muni dhrm| unhoMne muni ke lie ahiMsA, satya Adi pAMca mahAvratoM ke pAlana kA vidhAna kiyA tathA gRhastha ke lie ahiMsA, satya Adi bAraha aNuvratoM kA vidhAna kiyaa| ye aNuvrata tatkAlIna samAja-vyavasthA meM vyApta vikAroM ko dUra karane meM sakSama the| yuga-parivartana ke sAtha-sAtha mUlya bhI badalate gye| samasyAoM ne bhI navIna rUpa dhAraNa kara liyaa| unake nirAkaraNa ke lie prAcIna aNuvratoM kA vizleSaNa karanA Avazyaka thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA pratipAdita usI aNuvrata dharma ko AcArya tulasI ne yugIna saMdarbho meM prastuta kara aNuvrata AMdolana kA pravartana kiyaa|

Page #222
213 aNuvrata Andolana : aitihAsika pRSThabhUmi Aja se lagabhaga pAMca dazaka pUrva taka, bhAratavarSa rAjanaitika dAsatA ke ghere meM baMdI thaa| kucha cintanazIla mahApuruSoM ne deza ko dAsatA kI giraphta se mukta karAne kA saMkalpa kiyA aura unake athaka prayAsoM ke bAda bhArata svataMtra huaa| svataMtratA kI prApti ke lie bhAratavAsiyoM meM jo ekatA thI, AjAdI ke bAda vaha TUTa gii| pariNAmasvarUpa jAtivAda, aspRzyatA, sAmpradAyikatA, amIrI-garIbI, mahaMgAI Adi maulika samasyAoM ke sAtha-sAtha anuzAsanahInatA, pada kI lAlasA, mahattvAkAMkSA, prAntIyatA aura bhASAyI vivAda jaisI samasyAoM se janatA kA caritra vikRta aura mAnasa utpIr3ita ho utthaa| naitikatA kA hAsa hone lgaa| pariNAma svarUpa eka naitika Andolana kI AvazyakatA mahasUsa kI gii| aNuvrata AMdolana kA sUtrapAta ___15 agasta, 1947 ko bhArata svataMtra huaa| kAMgresa aura muslima lIga ne saMyukta rUpa se zAsana sNbhaalaa| hindU-muslima daMge hue| ina daMgoM meM lAkhoM AdamI mauta ke ghATa utre| jAtIyatA kA nagna rUpa sAmane aayaa| striyoM aura baccoM ke sAtha nirdayatApUrNa vyavahAra kiyA gyaa| aisI sthiti utpanna kI gaI ki Akhira hindustAna vibhakta ho gyaa| caritra-patana aura anuzAsanahInatA se sabhI kA dhairya vicalita ho rahA thaa| aisI viSama paristhitiyoM meM 'aNuvrata AMdolana' sAmane aayaa| AcArya tulasI ne prathama svataMtratA divasa para 'asalI AjAdI apanAo' kA zaMkhanAda kiyaa| asalI AjAdI kA artha hai-naitika vikaas| usakA prAyogika rUpa hai-aNuvrata aandoln| 2 mArca, 1949 ko sadArazahara meM AcArya tulasI ne aNuvrata Andolana kA pravartana kiyaa| aNuvrata kI AcAra-saMhitA nirdhArita kI aura yaha AhvAna kiyA ki yadi aNuvrata kI AcAra-saMhitA kA pAlana karane vAle kama se kama paccIsa vyakti mujhe mila jAe~ to merA vizvAsa

Page #223
214 hai ki isase naitikatA kA nayA AyAma khulemaa| prathama AhvAna meM hI. ikahattara (71) vyakti aNuvratI bne| prathama bAra aNuvratI banane vAloM ke nAma unhoMne svayaM apane hAtha se likhe| aNuvrata asAmpradAyika dharma hai . pratyeka dharma ke sAtha sampradAya jur3A huA hai| aNuvrata kA kisI sampradAya ke sAtha saMbaMdha nahIM hai| yaha eka aise dharma kI parikalpanA hai, jo dharma ho, kintu sampradAya se jur3A na ho| aNuvrata kA saMbaMdha naitikatA se hai| naitikatA. sAmpradAyika nahIM hai| vaha sabake lie samAna rUpa se samAdaraNIya hai| aNuvrata asAmpradAyika dharma hai| isakA pratyakSa pramANa hai, aneka sampradAya ke logoM dvArA aNuvrata kI sviikRti| isa Andolana meM hindU, muslima, sikkha, IsAI sabhI sammilita hue aura unheM yaha pratIta huA ki isameM hamAre sampradAya athavA dharma se koI viruddha bAta nahIM hai| eka musalamAna bhAI ne AcArya tulasI se pUchA-maiM aNuvrata kI AcAra-saMhitA svIkAra karUM to kyA namAja par3ha sakatA huuN| AcArya tulasI ne kahA-upAsanA meM Apa svataMtra haiM, usase hamArA koI lenA-denA nahIM hai| ApakI pratibaddhatA naitikatA kI AcAra-saMhitA ke sAtha hai, kisI sampradAya ke sAtha nahIM hai| apane-apane deva-gurudharma ke prati AsthA rakhate hue vyakti aNuvratI bana sakatA hai| isameM jAti, dharma, raMga, strI, puruSa Adi kA koI vicAra nahIM kiyA jAtA hai| jo bhI eka icchA insAna aura mAnava bananA cAhatA hai, vaha ise svIkAra kara sakatA hai| lAkhoM logoM ne ise svIkAra kiyaa| aNuvrata : naitikatA kA Andolana hai dharma aura naitikatA kA paraspara saMbaMdha hai, kintu lagatA hai Aja naitikatA vihIna dharma ko mAnyatA mila gaI hai| isIlie dhArmika vyakti

Page #224
215 bhI apane vyApAra yA vyavasAya meM aprAmANikatA baratatA hai| aNuvrata ne isa bhrAnti ko tor3ane kA prayAsa kiyA aura eka nayA svara diyA ki naitika bane binA vyakti dhArmika nahIM bana sakatA hai| aNuvrata naitikatA kA Andolana hai| aNuvrata ke AdhAra para naitikatA kA mAnadaNDa hai- saMyama / jahA~-jahA~ saMyama hai, vahA~-vahA~ naitikatA hai| saMyama ke abhAva meM naitikatA nahIM ho sktii| isIlie isakA mUla maMtra hai - 'saMyamaH khalu jIvanam' saMyama hI jIvana hai| saMyama ke vikAsa ke lie Avazyaka hai - maitrI kA vikAsa, icchAoM kA sImAkaraNa, bhogopabhoga kA saMyama, prAmANikatA aura karuNA kA vikAsa karanA / 5. aNuvrata kI AcAra-saMhitA aNuvrata : artha evaM paribhASA zAbdika dRSTi se aNu kA artha hai 'choTA' aura vrata kA artha hai 'niyama' / aNuvrata choTe-choTe niyamoM kI eka AcAra saMhitA hai| bhAvAtmaka dRSTi se aNuvrata kA artha hai * caritra nirmANa kI prakriyA / sarvasammata mAnava jIvana kI AcAra-saMhitA / sampradAya - vihIna dharma kA prayoga | 'aNuvrata' meM sampradAya gauNa hai, dharma tathA caritra mukhya hai| kevala agale jIvana kI cintA gauNa hai, prAyogika jIvana pradhAna hai| sAmpradAyika matavAda kA Agraha gauNa hai, saba dharma-sampradAyoM ke sAtha sadbhAva kA prayatna mukhya hai| AcArya mahAprajJa ke anusAra - aNuvrata caritra vikAsa ke lie kiye jAne vAle choTe-choTe saMkalpa haiN|

Page #225
216 aNuvrata kA lakSya aNuvrata Andolana kA mukhya lakSya hai-jIvana-mUlyAMkana ke dRSTikoNa aura usakI uccatA ke mApadaNDa ko bdlnaa| caritra kA nyUnatama vikAsa sabameM ho kyoMki cAritrika uccatA ke binA mAnava-samAja kI sabhyatA aura saMskRti ucca nahIM bana sktii| AcArya tulasI ke zabdoM meM * aNuvrata-Andolana kA svarUpa hai-svnisstthaa| * aNuvrata-Andolana kA dhyeya hai-jiivn-shuddhi| * aNuvrata-Andolana kA Adarza hai-caritra kA utkrss| * caritra-apakarSa ke hetu haiM-bahubhoga, bahu-parigraha aura bhu-hiNsaa| * caritra-utkarSa ke hetu haiM-- bhoga-alpatA, parigraha-alpatA aura hiNsaa-alptaa| * Adarza prApti ke sAdhana haiN-annuvrt| aNuvrata kA lakSya hai* jAti, raMga, sampradAya, deza aura bhASA kA bhedabhAva na rakhate hue manuSya mAtra ko Atma-saMyama kI preraNA denaa| * maitrI, ekatA, zAnti, AdhyAtmika aura naitika mUlyoM kI pratiSThA krnaa| * ahiMsaka samAja kI saMracanA krnaa| aNuvrata ke nidezaka tattva ___ AMdolana ke prArambha meM niyamoM kI saMkhyA teraha thI, jo bar3hakara chiyAsI ho gii| san 1958 meM aNuvratoM kI saMkhyA meM phira parivartana kiyA gyaa| isa avasara para vratoM kI bhASA kA pariSkAra kiyA gyaa|

Page #226
217 aNuvratiyoM ke lie tIna zreNiyA~ banAI gaI-pravezaka aNuvratI, aNuvratI aura viziSTa annuvrtii| pravezaka aNuvratI ke lie gyAraha niyamoM kA vidhAna kiyA gyaa| aNuvratI ke lie aNuvratoM ke sAtha usake zIla aura caryA kA pAlana bhI karanA hotA hai| vizeSa saMyama kA jIvana jIne vAle viziSTa aNuvratI khlaae| aNuvrata ke nidezaka tattva, aNuvrata kI AcAra-saMhitA tathA vargIya aNuvrata nimnalikhita haiMaNuvrata ke nidezaka tattva - 1. dUsaroM ke astitva ke prati sNvednshiiltaa| 2. mAnavIya ektaa| 3. saha-astitva kI bhaavnaa| 4. sAmpradAyika sdbhaavnaa| 5. ahiMsAtmaka prtirodh| 6. vyaktigata saMgraha aura bhogopabhoga kI siimaa|. 7. vyavahAra meM praamaanniktaa| 8. sAdhana-zuddhi meM aasthaa| 1. abhaya, taTasthatA aura stynisstthaa| aNuvrata : AcAra saMhitA 1. maiM kisI bhI niraparAdha prANI kA saMkalpapUrvaka vadha nahIM kruuNgaa| * Atma-hatyA nahIM kruuNgaa| * bhrUNa-hatyA nahIM kruuNgaa| 2. maiM AkramaNa nahIM kruuNgaa| * AkrAmaka nIti kA samarthana nahIM kruuNgaa| * vizva-zAMti tathA niHzastrIkaraNa ke lie prayatna kruuNgaa|

Page #227
218 3. maiM hiMsAtmaka evaM tor3a-phor3a mUlaka pravRttiyoM meM bhAga nahIM luuNgaa| 4. maiM mAnavIya ekatA meM vizvAsa kruuNgaa| * jAti, raMga Adi ke AdhAra para kisI ko U~ca-nIca nahIM maanuuNgaa| * aspRzya nahIM maanuuNgaa| 5. maiM dhArmika sahiSNutA rkhuugaa| * sAmpradAyika uttejanA nahIM phailaauuNgaa| 6. maiM vyavasAya aura vyavahAra meM prAmANika rhuuNgaa| * apane lAbha ke lie dUsaroM ko hAni nahIM phuNcaauuNgaa| * chalanApUrNa vyavahAra nahIM kruuNgaa| 7. maiM brahmacarya kI sAdhanA aura saMgraha kI sImA kA nirdhAraNa kruuNgaa| 8. maiM cunAva ke saMbaMdha meM anaitika AcaraNa nahIM kruuNgaa| 9. maiM sAmAjika kurUr3hiyoM ko prazraya nahIM duuNgaa| 10. maiM vyasanamukta jIvana jiiuuNgaa| * mAdaka tathA nazIle padArtha-zarAba, gAMjA, carasa, - heroina, bhAMga, tambAkU Adi kA sevana nahIM kruuNgaa| 11. maiM paryAvaraNa kI samasyA ke prati jAgarUka rhuuNgaa| * hare-bhare vRkSa nahIM kaattuuNgaa| * pAnI kA apavyaya nahIM kruuNgaa| (aNuvratI ke lie saMbaMdhita vargIya aNuvratoM kA pAlana. anivArya hai|) 1. vidyArthI aNuvrata * maiM parIkSA meM avaidha upAyoM kA sahArA nahIM luuNgaa|

Page #228
219 * maiM hiMsAtmaka evaM tor3aphor3a-mUlaka pravRttiyoM meM bhAga nahIM luuNgaa| * maiM azlIla zabdoM kA prayoga nahIM karUMgA, azlIla sAhitya nahIM paDhUMgA tathA azlIla calacitra nahIM dekhuugaa| * maiM mAdaka tathA nazIle padArthoM kA sevana nahIM kruuNgaa| * maiM cunAva ke sambandha meM anaitika AcaraNa nahIM karUMgA aura na bhAga luuNgaa| - * maiM daheja se anubaMdhita evaM pradarzana se yukta vivAha nahIM kruuNgaa| * maiM bar3e vRkSa nahIM kATUMgA aura pradUSaNa nahIM phailaauuNgaa| * 2. zikSaka aNuvrata .. *maiM vidyArthI ke bauddhika-vikAsa ke sAtha caritra-vikAsa meM bhI sahayogI bnuuNgaa| * maiM vidyArthI ko uttIrNa karane meM avaidha upAyoM kA sahArA nahIM luuNgaa| * maiM apane lie vidyArthiyoM meM dalagata rAjanIti ko prazraya nahIM duuNgaa| na isake lie vidyArthiyoM ko protsAhita kruuNgaa| * maiM mAdaka aura nazIle padArthoM kA sevana nahIM kruuNgaa| * maiM aNuvrata-prasAra meM apanA yoga duuNgaa| 3. adhikArI/karmacArI aNuvrata 1. maiM rizvata nahIM luuNgaa| 2. maiM apane prApta adhikAroM kA anucita prayoga nahIM kruuNgaa|

Page #229
220 3. maiM apane karttavya-pAlana meM jAna-bUjhakara vilamba yA anyAya . nahIM kruuNgaa| 4. maiM mAdaka aura nazIle padArthoM ko sevana nahIM kruuNgaa| 4. zramika aNuvrata 1. maiM apane kArya meM prAmANikatA rduuNgaa| 2. maiM hiMsAtmaka upadravoM evaM tor3aphor3a-mUlaka pravRttiyoM meM bhAga nahIM luuNgaa| 3. maiM madyapAna evaM dhUmrapAna nahIM karUMgA tathA nazIle padArthoM kA sevana nahIM kruuNgaa| 4. maiM juA nahIM kheluuNgaa| 6. aNuvrata : svastha samAja saMracanA kA AdhAra manuSya akelA janma letA hai kintu samAja meM rahanA usakA svabhAva hai| isIlie arastU ne manuSya ko sAmAjika prANI kahA hai| samAja eka aisI ikAI hai, jahA~ sabhI vyakti mAlA ke manakoM kI taraha eka-dUsare se anubaMdhita rahate haiM, kintu jahA~ anubaMdhoM meM darAra paidA hotI hai, vahA~ svastha samAja kI kalpanA sAkAra nahIM hotii| AcArya tulasI ne 'aNuvrata' ke mAdhyama se svastha samAja saMracanA kI bAta khii| ___'aNuvrata' svastha samAja saMracanA kA AdhAra hai| unake anusAra samAja kI svasthatA ke lie mAnavIya ekatA kI bhAvanA ati Avazyaka hai| mAnavIya ekatA ke cAra AdhAra sUtra haiM-naitikaniSThA, prema, sahAnubhUti aura anAgrahI dRssttikonn| naitikaniSThA ke abhAva meM eka AdamI dUsare AdamI ke hitoM kA vighaTana karatA hai| usakA zoSaNa karatA hai|

Page #230
221 prema ke abhAva meM eka AdamI dUsare AdamI se ghRNA karatA hai| use hIna mAnatA hai, tiraskRta karatA hai| . sahAnubhUti ke abhAva meM eka AdamI dUsare AdamI kI kaThinAiyoM kI upekSA karatA hai| apane hI sukha-duHkha kI samasyA ko prAthamikatA detA hai| anAgrahI dRSTikoNa ke abhAva meM manuSya vaicArika svatantratA kA hanana karatA hai| matabheda ke AdhAra para eka-dUsare ko kucalane kA prayatna karatA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa samAja rugNa banatA hai| AcArya tulasI ne svastha samAja saMracanA ke kucha sUtra prastuta kiye, jo nimnalikhita 1. hiMsA samasyA kA samAdhAna nahIM, isa AsthA kA nirmaann| 2. mAnavIya ekatA meM vishvaas| 3. dUsaroM ke, zrama kA ashossnn| 4. mAnavIya sambandhoM kA vikaas| 5. sattA evaM artha kA vikendriikrnn| 6. vaicaarik-shissnnutaa| 7. jIvana-vyavahAra meM karuNA kA vikaas| 8. AhAra-zuddhi aura vysnmukti| 9. sAmAjika rUr3hiyoM kA prisskaar| 1. hiMsA samAdhAna nahIM . ____ svastha samAja saMracanA ke lie pahalI AvazyakatA hai-ahiMsaka cetanA kA jaagrnn| samAja meM jIne vAle eka gRhastha ke lie Avazyaka hiMsA aura sUkSma hiMsA se baca pAnA asaMbhava hai| vaha isase mukta nahIM ho sktaa| jIvana ko calAne ke lie use hiMsA kA sahArA

Page #231
222 lenA par3atA hai| kintu jaba vyakti apanI hara samasyA kA samAdhAna hiMsA se karane kA prayAsa karatA hai to samAja meM anaitikatA, bhraSTAcAra aura AtaMkavAda jaisI samasyAe~ bar3hatI haiN| pariNAmasvarUpa samAja svastha nahIM apitu rugNa banatA hai| svastha samAja saMracanA ke lie Avazyaka hai isa AsthA kA nirmANa karanA ki hiMsA samasyA kA sthAyI samAdhAna nahIM hai| sthAyI samAdhAna hai-ahiNsaa| sAmAjika AdamI pUrNa ahiMsaka nahIM bana sakatA para unakI AsthA ahiMsA meM ho yaha Avazyaka hai| samAja meM jitanA-jitanA ahiMsA kA vikAsa hogA, maitrI-prema, bhAIcAre kI bhAvanA kA bhI utanA hI vikAsa hogA aura svastha samAja kI parikalpanA sAkAra hogii| 2. mAnavIya ekatA meM vizvAsa svastha samAja saMracanA kA dUsarA sUtra hai-mAnavIya ekatA meM vishvaas| bhUgola aura itihAsa kI dRSTi se dekheM to Aja mAnava-samAja kaI bhAgoM meM baMTA huA hai| eka hI dharatI para kaI rASTroM kI sImAe~ khar3I haiN| bhaviSya meM bhI isa bheda ko miTAyA jA sake, saMbhava nahIM lgtaa| phira bhI mAnavIya ekatA meM yadi vizvAsa kiyA jAe to bhAvAtmaka dUriyoM ko samApta kiyA jA sakatA hai| varNa, jAti, raMga ke AdhAra para ghRNA aura ahaMkAra kA jo bhAva vikasita ho rahA hai, use dUra kiyA jA sakatA hai| ataH mAnavIya ekatA meM vizvAsa svastha samAja saMracanA kA eka mahattvapUrNa pahalU 3. dUsaroM ke zrama kA azoSaNa jisa samAja meM dUsaroM ke zrama kA sammAna nahIM hotA, mUlyAMkana nahIM hotA apitu zoSaNa hotA hai, vaha samAja svastha nahIM raha sktaa| samAja-racanA ke bAre meM eka mAnyatA mAtsya nyAya kI rahI hai| usake anusAra bar3I machalI hamezA choTI machalI ko nigalakara hI apanA

Page #232
223 astitva kAyama rakha sakatI hai| usI prakAra bar3e AdamI choToM yA adhInastha karmacAriyoM kA zoSaNa kara hI apane astitva ko surakSita rakha sakate haiN| kintu svastha samAja saMracanA ke lie yaha ucita nahIM hai| AdamI kA astitva to parasparopagraha kI bhUmikA para hI pratiSThita ho sakatA hai| eka manuSya kA hita dUsare ke virodha meM nahIM apitu sahayoga meM hI nihita hai| bhale hI kucha loga apane bauddhika sAmarthya se kucha garIba logoM ke zrama kA zoSaNa kara eka bAra bar3e bana jAe~, para yaha vyavasthA bahuta lambI nahIM cala sakatI aura svastha samAja kA nirmANa bhI nahIM kara sktii| dUsarI ora yadi AdamI dUsaroM ke zrama kA zoSaNa na kara usakA sammAna kare to na kevala vaha svayaM hI zAMti kA jIvana jItA hai apitu dUsaroM ke lie bhI zAMta jIvana kI pRSThabhUmi kA nirmANa karatA hai| samAja meM svastha vAtAvaraNa kA nirmANa karatA hai| 4. mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM kA vikAsa svastha samAja saMracanA kA cauthA sUtra hai-mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM kA vikaas| Aja aisA lagatA hai ki mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM meM bahuta nIrasatA aura kaTutA A gaI hai| adhikArI aura karmacArI, mAlika aura naukara ke pArasparika saMbaMdhoM meM samAnatA kI anubhUti nahIM hai, jisakA pariNAma hai Ae dina har3atAla, tAlAbandI, aprAmANika vyvhaar| Aja bhAI-bhAI ke bIca, bApa-beTe ke bIca bhI mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM kA hAsa ho rahA hai| pariNAmasvarUpa saMyukta parivAra TUTa rahe haiM, khUna ke riztoM meM darAra par3a rahI hai| mAnavIya saMbaMdhoM kA vikAsa jahA~ aneka samasyAoM kA samAdhAna hai, vahIM svastha samAja saMracanA kA bhI AdhAra hai| 5. sattA evaM artha kA vikendrIkaraNa sattA aura artha samAja-racanA ke do pramukha saMghaTaka haiN| ye donoM

Page #233
224 jitane vikendrita hote haiM, utanI hI samAja vyavasthA acchI hotI hai aura ye donoM jitane kendrita hote haiM, utanI hI avyavasthA phailatI hai| eka samaya thA jaba sAmrAjyavAda ko pratiSThA prApta thI, kintu apane kendrita svarUpa ke kAraNa Aja vaha apratiSThita aura aprAsaMgika bana gayA hai| usakA. sthAna Aja lokataMtra ne le liyA hai para lokataMtra kI saphalatA bhI isI para nirbhara hai ki vaha sattA aura artha ko jyAdA se jyAdA vikendrita kre| jaba bhI ye donoM sImita hAthoM meM kendrita hote haiM to saMgharSa bar3hatA hai ataH Avazyaka hai ki ina donoM ko isa taraha vikendrita kara diyA jAe ki na to sattA zIrSa para kucha logoM kA adhikAra ho aura na hI pUMjI kucha logoM ke hAthoM meM simaTakara rhe| isa dizA meM kiyA gayA prasthAna samAja ko svastha banAne kI dizA meM kiyA gayA prasthAna hogaa| 6. vaicArika sahiSNutA jisa samAja meM apane vicAroM ko sahI mAnane kA Agraha hotA hai tathA dUsaroM ke vicAroM ko sahana karane kI manovRtti nahIM hotI, vaha samAja vikAsa kI dizA meM caraNanyAsa nahIM krtaa| samAja meM sabake vicAra samAna ho jAe~ yaha bhI saMbhava nahIM ho sktaa| ataH sAmAjika svasthatA ke lie vaicArika sahiSNutA eka mahattvapUrNa ghaTaka 7. karuNA kA vikAsa jisa samAja meM karuNA kA vikAsa nahIM hotA, vaha svastha samAja nahIM hotaa| karuNA kA vikAsa saMvedanazIlatA se hotA hai| jisa vyakti meM saMvedanA jitanI jyAdA hotI hai, usameM karuNA kA vikAsa bhI utanA hI adhika hogaa| karuNAvAna vyakti na kevala manuSya ke prati apitu saMsAra ke sabhI prANiyoM ke prati saMvedanazIla banatA

Page #234
225 8. AhArazuddhi aura vyasanamukti AhAra manuSya ke vyaktitva nirmANa kA eka mahattvapUrNa ghaTaka hai| vaha na kevala zarIra kA hI poSaka hai apitu vRttiyoM ke nirmANa meM bhI usakI ahaM bhUmikA hai| jaisA AhAra hotA hai, vaisA hI vicAra aura vyavahAra hotA hai ataH svastha samAja saMracanA meM AhAra-zuddhi ati Avazyaka hai| ___'nazA' jIvana kA nAza karatA hai| naze se na kevala AdamI kA svAsthya bigar3atA hai apitu usakI cetanA bhI vikRta banatI hai| naze meM vyakti ko karaNIya-akaraNIya kA viveka nahIM rhtaa| yaha artha-vyavasthA ko bhI prabhAkti karatA hai| samAja meM bar3hate hue aparAdhoM kA eka bahuta bar3A kAraNa hai-vysn| ataH vyasana-mukti se hI svastha samAja kI kalpanA sAkAra ho sakatI hai| 1. sAmAjika rUr3hiyoM kA pariSkAra - svastha samAja vaha hotA hai, jahA~ aMdhavizvAsoM tathA aMdharUr3hiyoM ko Adara nahIM miltaa| jaba aMdhavizvAsa paramparA bana jAte haiM taba aMdharUr3hiyoM kA rUpa grahaNa kara lete haiN| svastha samAja vyavasthA sacetana samAja vyavasthA hai| vahA~ kisI bAta kA mUlya paramparA nahIM apitu usakI guNavattA se hotA hai ataH rUDhiyoM se mukta samAja-vyavasthA hI svastha samAja-vyavasthA ho sakatI hai| 7. aNuvrata kA kAryakSetra 'aNuvrata Andolana' svastha samAja kI saMracanA kA Andolana hai| samAja meM vyApta burAiyoM ke pratikAra hetu jana-jAgaraNa isakA mukhya uddezya hai| aNuvrata ke dvArA mukhya rUpa se nimnalikhita kSetroM meM kArya kiyA jAtA hai, jisakA vivecana jIvana vijJAna kI rUparekhA pustaka meM isa prakAra kiyA gayA hai-..

Page #235
226 1. zikSA aura aNuvrata zikSA samasta pragati kA mUla AdhAra hai para isa kSetra meM aneka burAiyAM tejI se bar3ha rahI haiN| chAtroM meM ucchaMkhalatA, uddaNDatA, tor3a-phor3a, nazA, parIkSA meM avaidha upAyoM kA prayoga tejI se bar3hatA jA rahA hai| zikSakoM meM bhI dalagata rAjanIti aura bauddhika AsthA kA prabhAva hai| abhibhAvakoM kI vyastatA evaM udAsInatA bhI baccoM ke cAritrika tathA naitika hAsa ko bar3hA rahI hai| ___ 'aNuvrata AMdolana' dvArA vidyArthI, zikSaka aura abhibhAvaka-tInoM ke naitika utthAna ke lie abhiyAna calAyA jAtA hai| vidyArthiyoM ke lie vidyArthI aNuvrata haiN| prativarSa aNuvrata parIkSAe~ bhI Ayojita kI jAtI haiM, jisameM bhAga lekara vidyArthI aNuvrata ke cintana aura darzana se paricita hote haiN| zikSakoM ke naitika jAgaraNa ke lie 'zikSaka aNuvrata' kA prAvadhAna hai| aba taka lAkhoM zikSaka aNuvratI bane haiN| isa kArya ko aura adhika gati dene hetu 'aNuvrata zikSaka saMsada' aura 'aNuvrata chAtra-saMsada' kA gaThana kiyA gayA hai| 2. vyApArika pratiSThAna aura aNuvrata ___samAja ke Arthika DhAMce meM zoSaNa, milAvaTa, kama mApa-taula, jamAkhorI Adi aneka burAiyA~ haiN| inheM samApta karane kI dRSTi se bhI isa abhiyAna dvArA aneka mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye jAte haiN| samaya-samaya para milAvaTa virodhI abhiyAna calAye jAte haiN| vyApAriyoM kI sabhA kA Ayojana kara unameM naitika cetanA ko jagAyA jAtA hai| unheM 'vyApArI aNuvrata' se paricita karavAyA jAtA hai| aneka vyakti svecchA se 'vyApArI aNuvratoM' ko svIkAra kara svastha samAja kI bhUmikA meM yogadAna dete haiN|

Page #236
227 3. rAjanIti aura aNuvrata rAjanIti sampUrNa deza kI vyavasthA kA saMcAlana karatI hai| aNuvrata Andolana ke antargata rAjanIti meM naitika cetanA aura rASTrIya cetanA jAgaraNa ke lie aneka mahattvapUrNa kArya kiye jAte haiN| cunAva ke samaya 'pratyAzI aNuvrata' aura 'matadAtA aNuvrata' se janatA ko paricita karAyA jAtA hai| lokataMtra ke sacce svarUpa ke prati jAgarUka kiyA jAtA hai| 4. ekatA aura aNuvrata duniyA~ vividhatAoM se bharI huI hai| bhASA, jAti, sampradAya, raMga aura liMga kI vividhatA ke bIca aNuvrata mAnavIya ekatA kI AvAja ko bulanda karatA hai| vibheda hamArI upayogitA hai| isa. upayogitAM ko vAstavikatA mAnanA samasyA paidA karatA hai| ina sabhI bhedoM se Upara uThakara aNuvratI kAryakartA eka maMca se eka sAtha hila-milakara naitika . abhiyAna ko Age bar3hAte haiN| mAnavIya ekatA kI bhAvanA ko puSTa karate haiN| 5. dharma aura aNuvrata ___ 'aNuvrata Andolana' eka asAmpradAyika Andolana hai| isake dvArA sarvadharma sadbhAva kI dRSTi se bhI bahuta mahattvapUrNa kArya kiyA jAtA hai| samaya-samaya para sabhI dharma ke loga eka maMca para upasthita hote haiN| vicAroM kA AdAna-pradAna karate haiM tathA sarvadharma sadbhAva kA vAtAvaraNa banAte haiN| 6. vizvazAMti aura aNuvrata Aja vizvazAMti kA prazna pahale se adhika mahattvapUrNa bana gayA hai| 'aNuvrata Andolana' vizva meM ahiMsA dvArA zAnti sthApita karane kA eka racanAtmaka upakrama hai| nyUnatama mAnavIya mUlyoM ke prati

Page #237
228 vaiyaktika saMkalpa kA vikAsa kara vizva ko hiMsA se mukti dilAne kA anUThA prayoga hai| isa hetu samaya-samaya para antarrASTrIya sammelanoM kA Ayojana kiyA jAtA hai, jisakI anugUMja yU.ena.o. taka bhI huI 7. paryAvaraNa cetanA aura aNuvrata __asIma upabhoktAvAda tathA sukha-suvidhAvAdI dRSTikoNa ne paryAvaraNa ke asaMtulana ko bar3hAyA hai| padArtha sImita haiM, upabhoktA adhika haiM aura icchAe~ asIma haiN| pariNAmasvarUpa prakRti kA atyadhika dohana ho rahA hai aura paryAvaraNa pradUSita ho rahA hai| jana-jana meM paryAvaraNa cetanA ko jagAne ke lie 'aNuvrata Andolana' ne aNuvratoM kA nirmANa kiyA hai| isake antargata vyakti saMkalpabaddha hotA hai ki maiM paryAvaraNa kI samasyA ke prati jAgarUka rhuuNgaa| hare-bhare vRkSa ko nahIM kaaddhuuNgaa| pAnI kA apavyaya nahIM kruuNgaa| 8. samAja aura aNuvrata samAja meM samaya kI AvazyakatAnusAra niyama evaM rIti-rivAja banate haiN| kAlAntara meM unakI upayogitA kama ho jAtI hai| ve rUr3hi bana jAte haiN| aisI rUr3hiyA~ samAja ke vikAsa meM bAdhaka hotI haiN| samAja meM aspRzyatA, bAla-vivAha, vRddha-vivAha, daheja-prathA, mRtyu-bhoja, zoka-prathA, pardA-prathA, vyasana, nirakSaratA jaise aneka abhizApa haiM, jo samAja ko rugNa banA rahe haiN| aNuvrata isake nivAraNArtha samaya-samaya para aspRzyatA-nivAraNa, rUr3hi-mukti, vyasana-mukti, daheja-virodhI abhiyAna, sAkSaratA evaM mahilA-jAgRti jaise mahattvapUrNa kAryakramoM kA saMcAlana karatA hai| isake atirikta 'aNuvrata parivAra' aura 'aNuvrata grAma' kI yojanA ko bhI sAkAra rUpa de rahA hai| isa prakAra aNuvrata kA kAryakSetra vyApaka hai|

Page #238
praznAvalI prazna - 1. nimnalikhita praznoM ke uttara vistAra se likheM 1. jaina darzana ke anusAra ahiMsA ke svarUpa ko spaSTa kreN| 2. pazu-pakSiyoM ke prati kI gaI krUratA ke pIche rahI huI bhAvanA ko samajhAe~ / 3. ahiMsA - prazikSaNa ke cAra AyAmoM kA vivecana kreN| 229 -- 4. aNuvrata ko paribhASita karate hue usakI AcAra saMhitA likheN| 5. svastha samAja saMracanA ke nirmANa meM aNuvrata kI bhUmikA ko samajhAe~ / 6. aNuvrata ke kAryakSetroM kA vivecana kareM / prazna - 2. nimnalikhita praznoM ke uttara 100 zabdoM meM deM1. aNuvrata Andolana kA pravartana kyoM kiyA gayA? 2. ahiMsA kA pAlana kyoM karanA cAhie? 3. ahiMsA ke kitane prakAra haiM? 4. hRdaya parivartana se kyA tAtparya hai? 5. aNuvrata naitikatA kA Andolana hai, kaise?

Page #239

Page #240
mANassa sAramAyA jaina vizvabhAratI vizvavidyAlaya lADanUM-341 306 (rAja.) ISBN : 978-81-89667-06-1