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"Concept of Rasa" as seen in Anandavardhana and......
1375 ālambanóddipanatva
prabhedena sa ca dvidhā." That which is known is 'vibhāva'. It sustains the bhāva. It is two-fold such as ‘alambana-vibhāva' and 'uddīpana-vibhāva'.
Dhanika explains (pp. 168, ibid, avaloka on DR. IV. 2) 'evam ayam', 'evam iyam' ity atiśayokti-rūpa-kāvya-vyāpārā”hita-viśista-rūpatayā jñāyamāno vibhāvyamānaḥ san ālambanatvena uddīpanatvena vā yo nāyaka”dir abhimata-deśakālā”dir vā sa vibhāvah
The substance is that we take the characters as depicted either in poetry or presented on stage in a drama, as they are, i.e. 'he is like this', or 'she is like this'. The description of characters in poetry or drama is of course, being poetic, is having a tinge of 'atiśayokti' i.e. extra-ordinariness about them. But through this extraordinary description the poet secures the particular form of his characters. The sāmājika or the cultured reader or spectator accepts the character of Rāma or Sīta, etc. to be as such i.e. "He (= Rāma) is like this”, or, "She (= Sītā) is like this" etc. Thus the agents which cause the sāmājika to have this apprehension are termed 'vibhāvas' and they are 'ālambana' or forming the very base, such as the hero or the heroine etc., and 'uddīpana' or enhancing agency such as the surrounding conditions consisting of say, a lovely garden, a moonlit-night, etc. etc. as the context may be. Dhanika quotes Bharata in support suggesting, “vibhāva is that the meaning of which is grasped." The two-fold vibhāva-s will be elaborated while discussing individual rasas, observes Dhanika.
Dhanika silences an objection here. He observes : (pp. 168-9; ibid) -
"amışām ca an-apekṣita-bāhya-satrvānām śabdópadhānād eva āsāditatadbhāvānām sāmānyā"tmanām sva-sva-sambandhitvena vibhāvitānām sākşad bhāvaka-cetasi viparivartamānānām ālambanā"dibhāva iti na vastusūnyatā. tad uktam bhartphariņā -
śabdópahitarūpāms tān buddher visayatām gatān, pratyakşam iva kamsā”dīh sādhanatvena manyate." - iti.
(V. P. Sādhana-samuddeśa - 5) saç sahasri-kştā'py uktam - ebhyās' ca sāmānyaguna-yogena rasā nispadyante." iti. (N.S., G.O.S., Vol. I. pp. 348)."
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