Book Title: Punya Paap Tattva
Author(s): Kanhaiyalal Lodha
Publisher: Samyaggyan Pracharak Mandal
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/034369/1

JAIN EDUCATION INTERNATIONAL FOR PRIVATE AND PERSONAL USE ONLY
Page #1 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya pApa tattva lekhaka : kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA prakAzaka: samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala (saMrakSaka : akhila bhAratIya zrI caina ratna hitamI prAvaka saMgha) Page #2 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Agama evaM karmasiddhAMta ke Aloka meM puNya-pApa tatva lekhaka kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA sampAdaka DaoN. dharmacanda jaina prakAzaka samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala (saMrakSaka : a. bhA. zrI jaina ratna hitaiSI zrAvaka saMgha) Page #3 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Agama evaM karmasiddhAMta ke Aloka meM puNya-pApa tattva prakAzaka samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala dukAna naM. 182 ke Upara, anya prApti sthala . bApU bAjAra, jayapura-302003 (rAja) 0 zrI sthAnakavAsI jaina svAdhyAya saMgha phona 0141-2575997 ghor3oM kA cauka, jodhapura-342001 (rAjasthAna) phaiksa : 0141-4068798 phona : 0291-2624891 Email : sgpmandal@yahoo.in Shri Navratan ji Bhansali C/o. Mahesh Electricals, lekhaka 14/5, B.V.K. Ayangar Road, BANGALURU-560053 kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA (Karnataka) Ph. : 080-22265957 82/127, mAnasarovara, jayapura Mob.: 09844158943 0141-2785356, 9413764911 // zrI prakAzacandajI sAlecA 16/62, caupAsanI hAusiMga borDa, sarvAdhikAra surakSita jodhapura-342001 (rAjasthAna) phona : 9461026279 sampAdaka - zrImatI vijayAnandinI jI malhArA pro. (DaoN.) dharmacanda jaina "ratnasAgara", kalekTara baMgalA ror3a, carca ke sAmane, 491-e, plaoNTa naM. 4, esozieTa prophesara, saMskRta vibhAga jalagA~va-425001 (mahA.) jayanArAyaNa vyAsa vizvavidyAlaya, jodhapura phona : 0257-2223223 mUlya : 40.00/- (cAlIsa rupaye) 1 zrI dineza jI jaina 1296, kaTarA dhuliyA, cA~danI cauka, saMskaraNa : tRtIya, san 2017 dillI-110006 phona : 011-23919370 mudrita pratiyA~ : 550 mo. 09953723403 mudraka : dI DAyamaNDa prinTiMga presa, jayapura Page #4 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prakAzakIya samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala kI sthApanA vikrama samvat 2002 (IsvI san 1945) meM huI thI, taba se yaha saMsthA satsAhitya evaM 'jinavANI hindI mAsika patrikA' kA prakAzana kara samyagjJAna ke pracAra-prasAra meM mahatI bhUmikA kA nirvAha kara rahI hai| jainadarzana meM mokSa-prApti ke lie jIva, ajIva, puNya, pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha evaM mokSa ina nau tattvoM kA jJAna Avazyaka mAnA gayA hai| jIva-ajIva tattva para jaina jagat ke vidvatmanISI zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA kI pustaka pahale prakAzita huI thii| usI krama meM 'puNya-pApa tattva' ke vivecana para yaha pustaka prakAzita karate hue hameM pramoda kA anubhava ho rahA hai| isa pustaka ke prathama saMskaraNa kA prakAzana prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI kI anumati se dvitIya saMskaraNa kA kucha saMzodhana karane ke sAtha aba tRtIya saMskaraNa kA prakAzana kiyA jA rahA hai| prastuta 'puNya-pApa tattva' pustaka jainAgama evaM karmasiddhAMta ko AdhAra mAnakara puNya evaM pApa kA vizad vivecana karatI hai tathA ina tattvoM ke saMdarbha meM pracalita bhrAntiyoM kA nirAkaraNa kara tattva jijJAsuoM ke ciMtana ko nUtana prakAza se Alokita karatI hai| pustaka meM pApa ko heya evaM puNya ko pramANopeta yuktiyoM se upAdeya siddha kiyA gayA hai| puNya tattva ko lor3hA sAhaba ne vizuddhi ke rUpa meM tathA pApa tattva ko saMkleza ke rUpa meM vyAkhyAyita kiyA hai| Page #5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ IV puNya-pApa tattva paramazraddheya AcAryapravara zrI hIrAcandrajI ma.sA. ke AjJAnuvartI tattvacintaka zrI pramodamunijI ma.sA. ne apane pravacana meM puNya kI upAdeyatA kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| isa saMdarbha meM yaha pustaka atyadhika mahattvapUrNa hai| mUrdhanya manISI vidvAn DaoN. sAgaramalajI kI bhUmikA se isa pustaka kI vizeSa mahattA bar3ha gaI hai| sampAdana ke dAyitva kA nirvAha 'jinavANI' mAsika patrikA ke sampAdaka pro. (DaoN.) dharmacandajI jaina ne kiyA hai| maNDala Apa donoM ke prati AbhAra prakaTa karatA hai| udAramanA, saralamanA suzrAvaka zrI navanItajI muNota, mumbaI ke prati hama vizeSa kRtajJatA jJApita karate haiM jinhoMne AdaraNIya zrI lor3hA sAhaba kI isa 'puNya-pApa tattva' pustaka ke prakAzanArtha udAramanA hokara mukta hasta se sahayoga pradAna kiyA hai| isa pustaka kI sAmagrI ko vyavasthita karane kA tathA prUpha saMzodhana kA kArya AdhyAtmika zikSA samiti meM sevArata zikSaka zrI rAkeza kumArajI jaina, jayapura dvArA sampanna kiyA gayA hai| kampyUTara TAIpa saiTiMga kArya meM maMDala meM kAryarata zrI prahalAdajI lakherA kA sahayoga prApta huA hai| ina sabhI ke prati samyagjJAna pracAraka maMDala AbhArI hai| AzA hai isa pustaka kA svAdhyAya karane se puNya-pApa tattva ke saMbaMdha meM pAThakoM kI dRSTi avazya parimArjita hogii| pArasacanda hIrAvata vinayacanda DAgA nivedaka pramodacanda mahanota-padamacanda koThArI kAryAdhyakSa samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala adhyakSa maMtrI Page #6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ / viSayAnukramaNikA - - - - - - - - - --- VII ------ XXII -------------------- 1 sampAdakIya ----- prAkkathana bhUmikA------------------ 01. puNya tattva : svarUpa aura mahattva ----- 02. pApa tattva : svarUpa aura bheda ------- 03. pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM -------- 04. puNya-pApa tattva aura puNya-pApa karma meM aMtara ---- 05. pApa-puNya kA AdhAra : saMkleza-vizuddhi 06. kaSAya kI maMdatA puNya hai, maMda kaSAya pApa hai------ 07. karma-siddhAMta aura puNya-pApa ----- 08. tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa --- 09. puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se aura pApa kA upArjana kaSAya kI vRddhi se ---- 10. kSayopazamAdi bhAva, puNya aura dharma ---- 11. ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma --------- 12. puNya-pApa kA pariNAma ------ . - - -- -- - - --- 1100 - - - - ------ 126 Page #7 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ VI 13. puNya-pApa karmabaMdha kA mukhya kAraNa kaSAya hai, yoga nahIM 14. puNya kI abhivRddhi se pApa kA kSaya 15. puNya-pApa kI utpatti-vRddhi-kSaya kI prakriyA 16. puNya-pApa kI baMdha - vyucchitti : eka ciMtana 17. mukti meM puNya sahAyaka, pApa bAdhaka 18. puNya ke anubhAga kA kSaya kisI sAdhanA se nahIM 19. puNya pApa ke anubaMdha kI caukar3I 20. puNya-pApa Asrava kA hetu : zuddha - azuddha upayoga 21. zubhayoga (sadpravRtti) se karma kSaya hote haiM 22. anukampA se puNyAsrava va karmakSaya donoM hote haiM 23. Atma-vikAsa, sampannatA aura puNya-pApa tattva puNya-pApa 24. sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma 25. puNya kA pAlana : pApa kA prakSAlana 26. puNya : sone kI ber3I nahIM, AbhUSaNa hai 27. puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya - 131 138 143 148 151 161 163 167 181 197 200 210 237 242 244 Page #8 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampAdakIya kyA 'puNya' bhI 'pApa' kI bhA~ti heya hai? yaha eka yakSa prazna hai, jisakA samAdhAna tattvamanISI paM. kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA ne apanI isa kRti meM zvetAmbara evaM digambara srotoM ke AdhAra para prastuta karane kA mahanIya prayAsa kiyA hai| lekhaka ne puNya tattva ko vizuddhibhAva ke rUpa meM nirUpita karate hue use karmakSaya evaM mukti-prApti meM sahAyaka mAnA hai, jabaki pApa ko mukti meM bAdhaka pratipAdita kiyA hai| lekhaka ne puNya ko sone kI ber3I nahIM, apitu AbhUSaNa batAyA hai| kucha loga jainadharma kI yaha vizeSatA mAnate haiM ki isameM puNya bhI heya kahA gayA hai| yaha saca hai ki siddhAvasthA meM na puNya rahatA hai aura na paap| kintu isase puNya ko pApa kI bhA~ti heya nahIM kahA jA sktaa| sAdhaka ke lie puNya usI prakAra upAdeya hai, jisa prakAra ki saMvara evaM nirjraa| puNya kI upAdeyatA ko ApekSika dRSTi se samajhanA hogaa| isakI upAdeyatA saMsArI jIvoM kI apekSA se hai, siddhoM kI apekSA se nhiiN| jaba taka jIva mohakarma ke adhIna hai taba taka kaSAya kI hAni rUpa vizuddhibhAva arthAt puNya usake lie upAdeya hai| saMsArI prANI ke lie kaSAya meM kamI AnA, bhAvoM meM vizuddhi AnA, AtmA kA pavitra honA kadApi heya nahIM ho sktaa| du:kha-mukti rUpa sAdhya ke lie puNya bhI eka sAdhana hai| isalie vaha Page #9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ VIII puNya-pApa tattva upAdeya hai| yadi puNya tattva ko upAdeya nahIM mAnA jAe to sAdhanA kA mArga hI avaruddha ho jaayegaa| saMkleza se vizuddhi meM AnA sAdhanA kA aMga hai, jo puNya rUpa hI hai| jaina darzana meM puNya se upalabdha hone vAlI manuSyagati, paMcendriya jAti, audArika zarIra, vajra RSabhanArAca saMhanana, samacaturasra saMsthAna Adi puNya prakRtiyoM ke binA mokSa svIkAra nahIM kiyA jaataa| ata: inakI prApti ke lie bhI puNya tattva kI upAdeyatA asaMdigdha hai| puNya ko heya mAnane kA eka pariNAma yaha bhI huA ki dayA, anukampA, karuNA, sahAnubhUti jaise sadguNoM ko bhI puNya kA kAraNa mAnakara heya samajhA jAne lagA, jisase ina guNoM kA mahattva bhI samApta ho gyaa| pApa heya hai, puNya nhiiN| prazasta yoga ko puNya evaM aprazasta yoga ko pApa kahA jAtA hai| isa prazasta yoga ko uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM jJAnAvaraNAdi ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya karane vAlA batAyA gayA hai- 'pasatthajogapaDivanne ya NaM aNagAre aNaMtaghAipajjave khvei|' (uttarAdhyayana sUtra 29.7) azubha se nivRtti evaM zubha meM pravRtti ko cAritra kA lakSaNa batAyA gayA hai-'asuhAdo viNivittiM, suhe pavittiM ca jANa caarittN|' asaMyama ghAtaka hai, isalie use chor3ane evaM saMyama meM pravRtti karane ke lie Agama spaSTa rUpa se pratipAdita karatA hai egao viraiM kujjA, egao ya pvttnnN| asaMjame niyattiM ca, saMjame ya pvttnnN|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra 31.2 puNya evaM pApa tattva kI gaNanA nau tattvoM meM hotI hai| nau tattvoM kA pratipAdana sthAnAMga (navama sthAna), uttarAdhyayana (28.14), paMcAstikAya (gAthA 108) evaM gommaTasAra jIvakANDa (gAthA 621) meM spaSTa rUpeNa huA hai| kiMtu umAsvAti ne pApa evaM puNya kA samAveza Asrava tattva meM karake sAta hI tattvoM kA pratipAdana kiyA hai| isase unake na cAhate hue bhI puNya evaM pApa tattvoM ke saMbaMdha meM aneka bhrAntiyA~ utpanna ho giiN| yathA-puNya ko Page #10 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampAdakIya Ix bhI pApa kI bhA~ti heya mAna liyA gyaa| AcArya kuMdakuMda ne pApa ko lohe kI ber3I kahA to puNya ko sone kI bedd'ii| isa prakAra puNya ko bhI pApa kI bhA~ti mukti meM bAdhaka samajhA gyaa| pustaka ke lekhaka ne yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki puNya ko pApa kI bhA~ti heya kI zreNI meM nahIM rakhA jA sakatA hai| lekhaka kA yaha mantavya hai ki jisa prakAra mokSa kI sAdhanA meM saMvara evaM nirjarA upayogI hai, usI prakAra puNya bhI upayogI hai| lekhaka ne puNya ko tattva ke rUpa meM bhI nirUpita kiyA hai to karma ke rUpa meM bhii| puNya tattva ko ve sAdhanA kI dRSTi se upayogI mAnate haiM to puNya karma ke utkRSTa anubhAga ko kevalajJAna ke prakaTIkaraNa meM bhI Avazyaka mAnate haiN| puNya karma kA udaya kevala jJAna kI prApti meM kadApi bAdhaka nahIM haiM, kyoMki puNya karma kI prakRtiyA~ aghAtI hotI haiM, ata: inase jJAna, darzana Adi AtmA ke kisI bhI guNa kA aMza mAtra bhI ghAta nahIM ho sktaa| puNya ko lekhaka ne sarvArthasiddhi meM prApta lakSaNa 'punAtyAtmAnaM pUyate'neneti vA' ke anusAra AtmA ko pavitra karane vAlA svIkAra kiyA hai| isa saMbaMdha meM unhoMne prajJApanA sUtra, dhavalA TIkA evaM karmagranthoM meM prayukta saMkleza evaM vizuddhi zabdoM ko bhI AdhAra banAyA hai| vidyamAna kaSAya meM hAni (kamI) honA vizuddhi hai evaM usameM vRddhi honA saMkleza hai| vizuddhi kI avasthA meM AtmA meM pavitratA AtI hai tathA saMkleza kI avasthA meM AtmA kA patana hotA hai| ata: zrI lor3hA sAhaba ne vizuddhi ko puNya evaM saMkleza ko pApa kahA hai| kaSAya kI mandatA puNya hai, evaM maMda kaSAya pApa hai' nAmaka lekha meM lekhaka ne spaSTa kiyA hai ki vidyamAna kaSAyoM kA kama honA jahA~ puNya hai, vahA~ avaziSTa rahe kaSAya to pApa rUpa hI hote haiN| pApa tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM, isa tathya kI puSTi AgamoM ke una Page #11 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa tattva vAkyoM meM hotI hai, jinameM sarvatra pApa ko hI tyAjya nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| sarvatra pApa karmoM ko kSaya karane kA saMketa kiyA gayA hai, puNya karmoM ke kSaya kA kahIM koI ullekha nahIM hai| 'tavasA dhuNai purANapAvagaM' (dazavaikAlika sUtra 9.4.4) 'saMvareNaM kAyagutte puNo pAvAsavanirohaM karei' (uttarAdhyayana sUtra 29.55) Adi vAkyoM meM pApa karmoM ke Asrava-nirodha yA unake kSaya karane kA hI saMketa prApta hotA hai, puNya karmoM ke Asrava-nirodha evaM unake kSaya kA nhiiN| tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa' prakaraNa meM lekhaka ne pratipAdita kiyA hai ki Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA Adi tattvoM kA AdhAra pApa karma hai, puNya nhiiN| jaba Asrava tyAjya hotA hai to puNya kA Asrava tyAjya nahIM hotA, pApa kA hI Asrava tyAjya hotA hai| saMvara bhI pApa pravRtti yA sAvadya pravRtti kA hI kiyA jAtA hai, zubha pravRtti kA nhiiN| isI prakAra sAdhanA ke dvArA nirjarA bhI pApa karmoM kI hI kI jAtI hai, puNya karmoM kI nhiiN| puNya karma aghAtI hote haiM, ata: ve lezamAtra bhI AtmaguNoM ko hAni nahIM phuNcaate| lekhaka kA to 'karma siddhAMta aura puNya-pApa' prakaraNa meM yaha bhI mantavya hai ki aghAtI karma kI pApa prakRtiyoM se bhI jIva ke kisI guNa kA ghAta nahIM hotA hai taba puNya prakRtiyoM ko jIva ke lie ghAtaka yA heya mAnanA nitAnta bhrAnti hai| isa prakaraNa meM puNya-prakRtiyoM ke saMbaMdha meM vizeSa sUcanAe~ dI gaI haiM, yathA (1) jaba taka puNya karma-prakRtiyoM kA visthAnika anubhAga bar3hakara catu:sthAnika nahIM hotA hai taba taka samyagdarzana nahIM hotA hai aura yaha catu:sthAnika anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa nahIM hotA hai taba taka kevalajJAna nahIM hotA hai| (2) devadvika, paMcendriya jAti Adi 32 puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha usI bhava meM mukti prApta karane vAle jIva hI karate haiN| Page #12 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampAdakIya ___ (3) caudahaveM ayogI guNasthAna ke dvicarama samaya taka cAroM aghAtI karmoM kI 85 puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahane para bhI kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana Adi kSAyika labdhiyA~ prakaTa hone meM bAdhA upasthita nahIM hotii| (4) manuSyagati, paMcendriya jAti, subhaga, Adeya, yazakIrti Adi puNya-prakRtiyoM ke udaya kI avasthA meM hI sAdhutva (mahAvrata) tathA vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA evaM kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana kI utpatti sambhava hai| ___(5) cAroM aghAtI karmoM kI manuSyAyu, uccagotra, manuSyagati, yazakIrti Adi 12 puNya prakRtiyoM kA udaya 14veM guNasthAna meM mukti-prApti ke aMtima samaya taka rahatA hai| puNya-pApa kA saMbaMdha anubhAga baMdha se hai| jaba pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi hotI hai to puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai tathA pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM kamI hotI hai| isase puNya evaM pApa ke paraspara virodhI hone kA bodha hotA hai| eka vizeSa bAta yaha hai ki puNya evaM pApa donoM karmoM kA sthiti baMdha kaSAya se hotA hai| ata: pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi hone para donoM kI sthiti kA apavartana (hrAsa) hotA hai| vizuddhibhAva hone para pUrvabaddha pApa prakRtiyoM kA puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai, pApasrava kA kathaMcit saMvara hotA hai, Adi tathyoM kA nirUpaNa 'puNya-pApa kA pariNAma' lekha meM kiyA gayA hai| eka vizeSa bAta yaha kahI gaI hai ki puNya karma ke anubhAga meM vRddhi sthiti baMdha ke kSaya meM hetu hotI hai| _ 'puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se aura pApa kA upArjana kaSAya ke udaya se' prakaraNa meM puNyopArjana evaM pApopArjana kI vistRta carcA karane ke sAtha yaha pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai ki (1) krodha kaSAya ke kSaya (kamI) se sAtAvedanIya (2) mAna kaSAya ke kSaya se uccagotra (3) mAyA Page #13 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XII puNya-pApa tattva kaSAya ke kSaya se zubha nAmakarma aura (4) lobha kaSAya meM kamI hone se zubha Ayu karma kA upArjana hotA hai| isake viparIta ina cAroM kaSAyoM meM vRddhi se kramaza: (1) asAtA vedanIya (2) nIcagotra (3) azubha nAmakarma aura (4) azubha Ayu kA baMdha hotA hai| jitanA puNya bar3hatA hai arthAt vizuddhibhAva bar3hatA hai utanA hI pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| kSAyopazamika, aupazamika evaM kSAyikabhAva zubhabhAva haiN| inase karmoM kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| karmoM kA baMdha audayikabhAva se hI hotA hai| isa prakAra kA pratipAdana 'puNya-pApa kI utpatti-vRddhikSaya kI prakriyA' prakaraNa meM kiyA gayA hai| lekhaka kA yaha sudRr3ha mantavya hai ki mukti meM puNya sahAyaka hai evaM pApa bAdhaka hai| puNya AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai, baddha karmoM kI sthiti kA apakarSaNa karatA hai, isalie vaha mukti meM sahAyaka hai, jabaki pApa karma vizeSata: ghAtI karma mukti meM bAdhaka hai| lekhaka kA yaha bhI kathana hai ki puNya ke anubhAga kA kSaya kisI prakAra kI sAdhanA se saMbhava nahIM hai| ___ puNya aura pApa kI caukar3I ke aMtargata zrI lor3hA sAhaba ne asAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM saMkleza bhAvoM se hone vAle karmabaMdha ko pApAnubaMdhI pApa batAyA hai| unhoMne dhavalA TIkA ke AdhAra para sAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM saMkleza bhAvoM se hone vAle karmabaMdha ko pApAnubaMdhI puNya evaM vizuddhi bhAvoM se hone vAle karmabaMdha ko puNyAnubaMdhI puNya batAyA hai| puNya zubhayoga rUpa hotA hai| jayadhavalA TIkA meM kahA gayA hai ki yadi zubha evaM zuddha pariNAmoM se karmoM kA kSaya na mAnA jAya to phira karmoM kA kSaya ho hI nahIM sakatA- 'suha-suddhapariNAme hiM kammakkhayAbhAve takkhayANuvavattIdo' (jayadhavalA pustaka, pRSTha 5) isI grantha meM anukampA evaM zuddha upayoga ko puNyAsrava kA evaM adayA aura azuddha upayoga ko pApAsrava Page #14 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XIII sampAdakIya kA kAraNa kahA hai| anukampA se puNyAsrava bhI hotA hai to karmakSaya bhI hotA hai, kyoMki puNyAsrava vizuddhibhAva se hotA hai evaM vizuddhibhAva karmakSaya kA bhI hetu hai| puNya ko lekhaka ne dharma ke rUpa meM pratipAdita karate hue kahA hai ki vizuddhibhAva rUpa puNya athavA sad pravRtti rUpa puNya dharma hai| sakArAtmaka ahiMsA ko bhI ve dharma evaM puNya ke rUpa meM pratipAdita karate haiN| 'kSayopazamAdi bhAva, puNya aura dharma' meM kSAyopazamika, kSAyika aura aupazamikabhAva ko mokSa kA hetu hone se dharma evaM puNya ke rUpa meM nirUpita kiyA gayA hai| puNya tattva ko Atma-vikAsa kA aura puNya karma ko bhautika vikAsa kA sUcaka batAte hue lor3hA sAhaba ne pratipAdita kiyA hai ki puNya tattva kA saMbaMdha AtmaguNoM ke prakaTa hone se hai, jo AdhyAtmika vikAsa ko dyotita karatA hai tathA puNya karma kA saMbaMdha puNya tattva ke phala rUpa meM milane vAle zarIra indriya, gati Adi sAmagrI evaM sAmarthya kI upalabdhi se hai jo bhautika vikAsa ko iMgita karatA hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM bhautika vikAsa meM ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai| saMsArI avasthA meM prANI kA jitanA AdhyAtmika vikAsa hotA hai utanA hI usakA bhautika vikAsa svata: hotA jAtA hai| lekhaka ke anusAra sadguNoM kA honA hI sampannatA hai evaM durguNoM kA honA hI vipannatA hai| sadguNa rUpa sampannatA puNya kA evaM durguNa rUpa vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma hai| kRti ke anta meM puNya-pApa viSayaka 118 jJAtavya tathya die gae haiM jo lekhaka ke vyApaka adhyayana evaM maulika ciMtana ko prastuta karane ke sAtha pAThaka ko naI dizA pradAna karate haiN| Page #15 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XIV puNya-pApa tattva puNya-pApa tattva kA Agama evaM karma-siddhAMta ke Aloka meM kiyA gayA pratipAdana maulika-ciMtana evaM tArkika kauzala se paripUrNa hai| paM. zrI lor3hA sAhaba Agama evaM karmasiddhAMta ke vizeSajJa hone ke sAtha prakhara samIkSaka evaM sAdhaka bhI haiN| unhoMne Atmika-vikAsa krama ke AdhAra para puNya tattva evaM puNya karma donoM kI upayogitA siddha kI hai| AdaraNIya pro. sAgaramalajI jaina ne vidvattApUrNa bhUmikA likhakara jahA~ isa kRti ko sugama banAyA hai vahA~ isake mahattva kA bhI pratipAdana kiyA hai| pro. jaina kA yaha spaSTa mantavya hai ki puNya na baMdhanakArI hai aura na heya, apitu usake sAtha rahA huA kaSAya, mamatva, Asakti yA phalAkAMkSA baMdhanakArI hai, jo tyAjya hai| 'puNya-pApa tattva' pustaka ke prathama saMskaraNa kA prakAzana prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI se huA thA, usameM kucha saMzodhana evaM adhyAya-krama meM parivartana kiyA gayA hai| parama zraddheya AcArya pravara zrI hIrAcandrajI ma.sA. ke AjJAnuvartI santapravara tattvacintaka zrI pramodamunijI ma.sA. ke puNyapApa viSayaka ciMtana kA bhI pustaka ke lekhaka zrI lor3hA sAhaba dvArA samAdara kiyA gayA hai, jisase yaha pustaka sthAnakavAsI evaM anya paramparAoM ke lie bhI sarvathA upayogI bana gaI hai| AzA hai vidvadvarya paM. kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA kI yaha kRti sabhI jaina sampradAyoM meM adhyayana kA viSaya banegI evaM isase vicAroM ko naI dizA milegii| -pro. dharmacanda jaina pradhAna sampAdaka-jinavANI Page #16 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAkkathana vartamAna meM katipaya vidvAn dayA, dAna, karuNA, anukampA, vAtsalya, vaiyAvRttya (sevA) Adi sadpravRttiyoM ko tathA namratA, mRdutA, mitratA, saralatA, sajjanatA, mAnavatA, udAratA Adi sadguNoM ko dharma nahIM mAnate haiM, puNya mAnate haiN| prakArAMtara se kaheM to sadguNoM evaM sadpravRttiyoM ko heya va tyAjya mAnate haiN| isa bhrAnti kA mukhya kAraNa puNya tattva, puNyAsrava, puNya kA anubhAga evaM puNya karma ke sthiti baMdha Adi ke aMtara ke marma para dhyAna nahIM denA hai| isa pustaka meM inakA va isase saMbaMdhita anya viSayoM kA vivecana kara vAstavikatA kA anusaMdhAna karane kA prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| isa pustaka kA viSaya puNya-pApa donoM kA vivecana karanA rahA hai| paraMtu pApa ke svarUpa, paribhASA, lakSaNa Adi meM matabheda nagaNya hone se pApa kA vivecana sAmAnya va saMkSepa meM kiyA gayA hai jabaki puNya ke viSaya meM atyadhika matabheda evaM paraspara virodhI mAnyatAe~ hone se aneka prazna evaM jijJAsAe~ uThatI haiN| isalie puNya kA vividha vivakSAoM evaM vistAra se vivecana kiyA gayA hai| yaha vivecana uttarAdhyayana sUtra, bhagavatI sUtra Adi Agama, SaTkhaMDAgama aura usakI TIkA dhavalA-mahAdhavalA, kaSAyapAhuDa aura usakI TIkA jayadhavalA, karmagrantha, kammapayaDi, paMcasaMgraha, gommaTasAra karmakANDa Adi karma-siddhAMta ke granthoM ke pramANoM ko prastuta karate hue kiyA hai| lekhana ke pUrva vidvAnoM se vicAra-vimarza kara, pUrvApara virodhoM kA nirasana karane kA pUrA prayAsa kiyA hai| Page #17 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XVI puNya-pApa tattva puNyakarma dharma nahIM ho sakatA, isameM do mata nahIM ho skte| karma pudgala va ajIva hai, ata: jIva ke svabhAva-vibhAva se isakA koI sIdhA saMbaMdha nahIM hai| AtmA ke svabhAva-vibhAva kA AdhAra usake sadguNa evaM durguNa hote haiN| sadguNa sadpravRtti ke, durguNa duSpravRtti ke janaka haiN| dayA, dAna, karuNA, namratA, mRdutA Adi guNoM kA kriyAtmaka rUpa sadpravRttiyA~ yA zubhayoga haiM jo kaSAya kI kamI se hote haiN| ata: ye svabhAva ke dyotaka hone se dharma va puNya donoM haiN| isa dRSTi se puNya tattva (zubha va zuddha adhyavasAya) va dharma eka bhI haiN| isI prakAra aneka vivakSAoM se pustaka meM yathAprasaMga vicAra-vimarza va maMthana kiyA gayA hai| isase kitanA navanIta prApta huA hai, isakA nirNaya pAThaka svayaM kreNge| ___ pustaka meM jijJAsAoM ke samAdhAna ke lie kucha tathyAtmaka siddhAMtoM evaM pramANoM ko ekAdhika bAra doharAnA par3A hai| ise punarukta doSa na samajhA jaave| viSaya ke pratipAdana ko spaSTa evaM puSTa karane ke lie yathAprasaMga paribhASAoM evaM pramANoM ke uddharaNoM ko bAra-bAra prastuta karanA Avazyaka thaa| aisA na karane para usa prasaMga meM viSaya kA vivecana adhUrA raha jAtA jisase samyak samAdhAna nahIM ho sakatA thaa| ata: viSaya ke sarvAMgINa vivecana ke lie aisA kiyA gayA hai| pAThakoM se nivedana hai ki prakRta viSaya para jo pramANa diye gae haiM, una para niSpakSa hokara gahana-ciMtana-manana kareM aura vastu-tathya kA samyak nirNaya kreN| prANimAtra kA hita rAga, dveSa, viSaya, kaSAya, moha Adi doSoM se rahita hone meM, apane svabhAva ko prakaTa karane meM hai, zeSa saba vyartha hai; prastuta pustaka kA lakSya bhI yahI pratipAdita karanA rahA hai| ata: hama vAda-vivAda se Upara uThakara vivecya-viSaya se apane vikAroM ko ghaTAyeM, sadguNoM ko prakaTa kareM, yahI namra nivedana hai| vastuta: jIva ke hita-ahita kA kAraNa bhAvoM kI vizuddhi-azuddhi hI hai| mana, vacana evaM kAyA kI sadpravRttiyoM tathA duSpravRttiyoM meM mukhyatA Page #18 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAkkathana XVII bhAvoM kI hI hai| bhAvoM kI azuddhi pApa karmoM ke baMdha kI aura bhAvoM kI vizuddhi pApa karmoM ke nirodha, nirjarA va mokSa kI tathA puNyopArjana kI hetu haiN| baMdha va mokSa ke mukhya hetu zuddha-azuddha bhAva hI hai| jisa bhAva va usakI kriyAtmaka pravRtti se AtmA kA patana ho, use pApa tattva kahA hai| AtmA kA patana rAga, dveSa Adi dUSita bhAvoM se evaM prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda Adi duSpravRttiyoM se hotA hai| ata: rAga, dveSa, prANAtipAta Adi doSa va duSpravRttiyA~ pApa haiN| inhIM pApoM ke pariNAma se pApa karmoM kA upArjana, Asrava va baMdha hotA hai| isa prakAra pApamaya pariNAma, pApa pravRtti, pApa karmoM kA Asrava va baMdha Adi pApa ke vibhinna rUpa (prakAra) jIva ke guNoM ke ghAtaka, bhavabhramaNa karAne vAle, akalyANakArI, saMsAravarddhaka evaM du:khada hote haiN| ata: ye saba heya va tyAjya haiN| ____ pApa tattva ke viparIta puNya tattva hai| jisase AtmA kA utthAna ho, AtmA pavitra ho, vaha puNya hai| AtmA kI apavitratA kA hetu pApa va doSa haiN| doSoM meM, kaSAyoM meM kamI hone se bhAvoM meM vizuddhi yA pavitratA hotI hai jisase kSamA, saralatA, vinamratA, karuNA Adi jIva ke svAbhAvika guNoM meM vRddhi hotI hai tathA ye guNa dayA, dAna, sevA, svAdhyAya Adi sadpravRttiyoM ke rUpa meM prakaTa hote haiM, inheM hI puNya tattva kahA gayA hai jo AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA sUcaka hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa puNya tattva kA AMtarika phala hai| puNya tattva se puNya karma kI prakRtiyoM kA upArjana hotA hai jisase zarIra, indriya, manuSya gati, paMcendriya jAti Adi sAmagrI milatI hai arthAt bhautika vikAsa hotA hai| yaha puNya tattva kA bAhya phala hai| ___ pApa meM kamI hone se AtmA pavitra hotI hai| AtmA kI pavitratA jIva kA svabhAva hai| ata: puNya karma kA upArjana svabhAva se, nisarga se svata: hotA hai| isake liye pApa ke nirodha va kSaya ke atirikta anya kisI prayatna kI apekSA nahIM hai| puNya karma pUrNa rUpa se aghAtI karma hai aura zubha Page #19 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XVIII puNya-pApa tattva phaladAyaka hai| ata: mukti-prApti meM yaha lezamAtra bhI bAdhaka nahIM hotA hai, apitu sahAyaka hI hotA hai| isase kisI bhI jIva ko kabhI bhI hAni honA saMbhava nahIM hai| yaha niyama hai ki puNya karma kA upArjana AtmapavitratA se, Atma-vikAsa se, Atmika guNoM kI vRddhi se saMyama, tyAga, tapa se hotA hai, paraMtu puNya karma ke udaya se Atma-vikAsa va guNoM kI vRddhi hotI ho, aisA niyama nahIM hai| kAraNa ki puNya karma se zarIra, indriya Adi sAdhana sAmagrI milatI hai| prApta sAdhana sAmagrI kA durupayoga evaM sadupayoga donoM ho sakate haiN| puNya se prApta zarIra, indriya Adi kA upayoga viSayakaSAya ke sevana meM hiMsA, jhUTha, corI Adi duSpravRttiyoM meM arthAt pApoM meM karanA puNya karma kA durupayoga hai| isase puNya kSINa hotA hai evaM pApa karmoM meM vRddhi hotI hai, jo ahita, du:kha evaM saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hai| isameM do puNya karma kA nahIM hai, apitu usake durupayoga kA hai| puNya se prApta sAmagrI zarIra Adi meM jIvana-buddhi rakhanA, inase viSaya-sukha bhoganA inakA dAsa honA hai, inake adhIna honA hai| AtmA kA hita dAsatA se, parAdhInatA se mukta hone meM hai| jo puNya se prApta sAmagrI kA upayoga viSaya-kaSAya sevana meM na karake sevA-sAdhanA meM karatA hai, vaha inakI dAsatA meM Abaddha nahIM hotA hai, inase Upara uTha jAtA hai, svAdhIna va mukta ho jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki puNya karma se prApta sAmagrI ke sadupayoga se puNya tattva puSTa hotA hai jisase puNya karma ke upArjana meM, anubhAva meM vRddhi hotI hai| isa prakAra puNya tattva se puNya karma meM aura puNya karma ke sadupayoga se puNya tattva meM uttarottara vRddhi hotI jAtI hai jisase AdhyAtmika evaM bhautika vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| ata: mahattva puNya tattva evaM puNya karma ke sadupayoga kA hai| isa tathya ko sadaiva smaraNa rakhanA hai ki puNya karma se prApta zarIra Adi sAdhana sAmagrI hai; sAdhana, sAdhya evaM jIvana nahIM hai| inheM sAdhya va jIvana mAnanA bhayaMkara bhUla hai, apanA ghora ahita karanA hai| isa bhUla ke rahate mukti kI prApti kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| ata: sAdhaka kA hita puNya Page #20 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ prAkkathana XIX karma ke saMpAdana meM hai, usameM Abaddha hone meM nahIM hai| sAdhaka kA kartavya puNya karma kA sadupayoga dayA, dAna, sevA, sAdhanA meM kara karma kI dAsatA se chuTakArA pA lene meM hai, usase Upara uTha jAne meM hai; usake Azraya kA tyAga kara svAdhIna ho jAne meM hai| sAdhaka ke lie puNya karma se prApta sAmagrI ke sadupayoga kA dAyitva hai, jo sAdhanA meM sahAyaka hai, ise kabhI nahIM bhUlanA cAhiye arthAt sAdhaka ko puNya karma se prApta sAmagrI ke dAsatva se chuTakArA pAnA hai, sadupayoga ke dAyitva se nhiiN| prastuta pustaka meM puNya-pApa kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| isameM pApa tattva, pApAsrava, pApakarma, pApa-pravRtti Adi pApa ke saba rUpa pUrNa rUpa se tyAjya hI haiN| paraMtu jahA~ bhI puNya ko mahattva diyA gayA hai ise mukti meM sahAyaka kahA hai vahA~ puNya ke kAraNabhUta kaSAya meM kamI rUpa vizuddhi bhAva ko, Atma-pavitratA ko, puNya karma ke sadupayoga ko, puNya ke anubhAva ko hI grahaNa karanA caahiye| puNya se prApta sAmagrI se sukha bhoga ko nhiiN| puNya karmoM ke anubhAva kI utkRSTa avasthA meM hI kevala jJAna evaM kevala darzana saMbhava hai| ata: puNya karma meM mahattva Atma-vizuddhi kA hI hai| "iNameva NiggaMthaM pAvayaNaM saccaM NIsaMka" vItarAga vANI satya hai, tathya hai, hameM isameM lezamAtra bhI saMzaya nahIM hai| kevala pracalita artha jo vItarAgatA paraka nahIM hai, apitu rAga-vardhaka pratIta ho rahe haiM, unake sahI artha khojane ke lie prayAsa kiyA gayA hai| alpajJa hone ke kAraNa yadi jina, jinopAsaka guru va jinopadiSTa pravacana kI atyalpa bhI avajJA huI ho to mithyA me dusskRtm| isa kRti meM maiMne jo niSkarSa die haiM, ve jainAgama evaM karma-siddhAMta ke granthoM meM pratipAdita tathyoM ke AdhAra para sthApita haiN| maiMne lekhana meM taTastha evaM saMtulita dRSTikoNa apanAne kA evaM bhASA meM saMyata rahane kA prayAsa kiyA hai| tathApi mere kSAyopazamika jJAna meM kamI yA bhUla honA saMbhava hai| Page #21 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ xx puNya-pApa tattva ata: maiM una sabhI AgamajJa, vidvAnoM, tattvaciMtakoM evaM vicArakoM ke sujhAvoM, samIkSAoM, samAlocanAoM evaM mArga-darzana kA AbhArI rahU~gA, jo prastuta kRti kA taTastha bhAva se adhyayana kara apane mantavya se mujhe avagata kraayeNge| mere jIvana-nirmANa evaM AdhyAtmika ruci jAgRta karane meM AcAryapravara zrI hastImalajI ma.sA. kI mahatI kRpA rahI hai| Aja maiM jo bhI hU~ saba unhIM kI dena hai| zrI devendrarAjajI mehatA se gata aneka varSoM se merA nikaTa kA samparka rahA hai| Apa lekhana ke lie satata preraNA dete rahe haiN| yaha pustaka ApakI hI preraNA se pahale prAkRta bhAratI akAdamI se prakAzita huii| aba yaha pustaka samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala se prakAzita ho rahI hai, isakA mujhe pramoda hai| pustaka ke prakAzana meM maNDala ke adhyakSa zrI pArasacandajI hIrAvata, kAryAdhyakSa zrI pramodajI mahanota, zrI padamacandajI koThArI evaM maMtrI zrI vinayacandajI DAgA kI vizeSa preraNA rahI hai| isa pustaka kI pANDulipi kA sva. zrI sampatarAjajI DosI ne saiddhAntika dRSTi se AdyopAnta avalokana kara apane sujhAva diye| sva. zrI mohanalAlajI mUthA ne bhI samaya-samaya para huI carcA meM pustaka ke saiddhAMtika pakSa ko puSTa kiyaa| AdaraNIya pro. zrI kamalacandajI sogANI ne dvitIya saMskaraNa kA avalokana kara apane sujhAva diye evaM isakA pracAra-prasAra karane kI bhAvanA vyakta kii| priya pro. dharmacandajI jaina ne pustaka kA sampAdana kiyaa| maiM sabakA hRdaya se kRtajJa huuN| ___ AcAryapravara zrI hIrAcandrajI ma.sA. evaM unake AjJAnuvartI tattvaciMtaka zrI pramodamunijI ma.sA. kI sahaja kRpA se bhI maiM upakRta huuN| mere parama AtmIya zrI mophatarAjajI muNota kA bhI maiM AbhArI hU~, jinakA mujhe mukta hRdaya se pUrA sahayoga prApta hai| ___ -paM. zrI kanhaiyAlAla lor3hA 000 Page #22 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bhUmikA (puNya kI upAdeyatA kA prazna) lokamaMgala yA vizvakalyANa sabhI dharmoM aura sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA sAra hai| jainadharma meM tIrthaGkara kA, bauddhadharma meM bodhisattva kA, hindUdharma meM avatAra kA carama lakSya lokakalyANa kI sAdhanA hI hai| lokamaMgala ke lie hI ve dharma kA pravartana karate haiN| yaha lokakalyANa kI pravRtti hI paropakAra, satkarma, kuzala karma, puNya karma, rakSA Adi nAmoM se abhihita kI jAtI hai| karuNA, sevA, rakSA, parapIr3A kI nivRtti Adi isake pramukha aMga haiN| dUsaroM ke du:kha evaM pIr3A ko dUra kara unheM sukha aura zAMti pradAna karanA usakA pramukha uddezya hai| vaiyaktika-vimukti aura Atma-kalyANa kI apekSA bhI sAmAjika dRSTi se yaha eka ucca Adarza hai| isIlie bodhisattva kahatA hai ki dUsaroM ke duHkha dUra karane meM jo sukha milatA hai vaha kyA kama hai, jise chor3akara vaiyaktika nirvANa kA prayatna kiyA jaaye| isa prakAra loka-kalyANa ke carama Adarza kI yaha upalabdhi vaiyaktika-mukti kI apekSA bhI zreSTha mAnI gii| kiMtu kAlAntara meM jaba vaiyaktika mukti kI avadhAraNA pramukha huI to lokamaMgala yA paropakAra ke kAryoM ko AtmasAdhanA se heya mAnA jAne lgaa| unheM rAgAtmaka, hiMsA-yukta aura baMdhana kA hetu kahA jAne lagA aura isa prakAra ve anupAdeya yA heya kI koTi meM DAla diye gye| samasyA kA itihAsa jaina paramparA meM sarvaprathama umAsvAti ne puNya aura pApa donoM ko Asrava ke antargata vargIkRta karake jo viruddha dharmI the, unheM sajAtIya banA Page #23 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXII puNya-pApa tattva diyaa| pariNAma svarUpa pApa ke sAtha puNya kI upAdeyatA para prazna cihna lgaa| isake bAda AcArya kuMdakuMda ne aura vizeSa rUpa se unake TIkAkAroM ne puNya ko baMdhana rUpa mAnakara use heya kI koTi meM DAla diyaa| isa prakAra lokamaMgala rUpa puNya pravRttiyoM kI upAdeyatA eka vivAdAspada viSaya bana gii| vaise to isa vivAda ke saMketa sUtrakRtAMga jaise prAcIna Agama meM bhI milate haiM, jahA~ isa saMbaMdha meM muni ko taTastha dRSTi apanAne ke saMketa haiN| vartamAna yuga meM digambara paramparA meM pUjya kAnajI svAmI aura unake samarthaka vidvat maNDala kI nizcayanaya pradhAna vyAkhyAoM ke dvArA isa vivAda ko adhika bala diyA gyaa| zvetAmbara paramparA meM bhI Adhunika yuga meM yaha vivAda mukhara haA-terApaMtha paramparA aura anya zvetAmbara paramparAoM ke biic| yadyapi zramaNa jIvana sAdhanA meM hiMsA-yukta lokamaMgala yA paropakAra ke kAryoM ke prati vidhi-niSedha se Upara uThakara madhyastha dRSTi apanAne ke saMketa sUtrakRtAMga jaise prAcIna jainAgamoM meM milate haiN| phira bhI sAmAnyatayA digambara aura zvetAmbara manivarga preraNA ke rUpa meM aura gRhasthavarga yathArtha meM loka-kalyANa, samAja-sevA aura paropakAra ke kAryoM meM ruci letA rahA hai| cAhe saiddhAntika mAnyatA kucha bhI ho, sampUrNa jaina samAja paropakAra aura sevA kI ina pravRttiyoM meM ruci letA rahA hai| yadyapi bIsavIM zatI ke prArambhika varSoM meM isa prazna ko lekara pakSa-vipakSa meM kucha svataMtra grantha bhI likhe gaye haiN| sevA, dAna aura paropakAra jaisI puNya pravRttiyoM kI upAdeyatA ke saMbaMdha meM prakIrNa saMketa to prAcInakAla se lekara vartamAna yuga taka ke aneka granthoM meM milate haiN| isa saMbaMdha meM vidvAnoM dvArA kucha lekha bhI likhe gaye haiN| maiMne bhI 'svahita aura lokahita kA prazna', 'sakArAtmaka ahiMsA' kI bhUmikA jaise kucha lekha likhe| phira bhI niSpakSa dRSTi se binA kisI mata yA sampradAya para TIkA TippaNI kiye mAtra Agamika aura karma-siddhAMta ke zvetAmbara-digambara paramparA ke ganthroM ke AdhAra para unakA gahana anuzIlana karake prastuta kRti meM puNya kI upAdeyatA ke saMbaMdha meM pUjya paM. zrI Page #24 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bhUmikA XXIII kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA ne jo niSkarSa prastuta kiye ve na kevala prAmANika haiM, apitu hameM isa prazna para punazciMtana ko bAdhya karate haiN| vastuta: samasyA kyA hai aura usakA dArzanika samAdhAna kyA hai, isa prazna para agrima pRSThoM kucha gaMbhIra carcA kreNge| meM jaina tattva mImAMsA meM pApa aura puNya bhAratIya dharma-darzanoM meM puNya aura pApa kI avadhAraNA ati prAcIna kAla se pAI jAtI hai| inheM dharma-adharma, kuzala - akuzala, zubha -azubha, naitika-anaitika, kalyANa- pApa Adi vividha nAmoM se jAnA jAtA hai| jaina dharma-darzana meM bhI tattvamImAMsA ke aMtargata nava tattvoM kI avadhAraNA meM puNya aura pApa kA svataMtra tattva ke rUpa meM ullekha huA hai| hameM na kevala zvetAmbara AgamoM meM apitu digambara paramparA meM AcArya kuMdakuMda ke granthoM meM bhI navatattvoM kI yaha avadhAraNA prApta hotI hai| ina navatattvoM ko nava padArtha yA nava artha bhI kahA hai, kiMtu nAma ke isa aMtara se inakI mUlabhUta avadhAraNA meM koI aMtara nahIM par3atA hai| zvetAmbara paramparA meM navatattvoM kI avadhAraNA kA prAcInatama ullekha uttarAdhyayana evaM samavAyAMga meM pAyA jAtA hai| paMcAstikAyasAra nAmaka grantha meM ina navatattvoM kA nava padArtha ke rUpa meM ullekha huA hai| navatattvoM kI isa avadhAraNA ke aMtargata nimnAMkita nau tattva mAne gae haiM-1. jIva, 2. ajIva, 3. puNya, 4. pApa, 5. Asrava, 6. saMvara, 7. baMdha, 8. nirjarA aura 9. mokSa / yahA~ hama dekhate haiM ki navatattvoM kI isa sUcI meM puNya aura pApa ko svataMtra tattva mAnA gayA, kiMtu kAlAntara meM AcArya umAsvAti ne tattvArtha sUtra (lagabhaga IsA kI tIsarI sadI) meM ina navatattvoM ke sthAna para sAta tattvoM kA pratipAdana kiyA aura puNya tathA pApa ko svataMtra tattva na mAnakara unheM Asrava kA bheda mAnA / Page #25 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXIV puNya-pApa tattva kiMtu hameM yaha smaraNa rakhanA cAhie ki puNya aura pApa kA na kevala Asrava hotA hai, apitu unakA baMdha aura vipAka bhI hotA hai| ata: puNya aura pApa ko mAtra Asrava nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| vastuta: tattvArtha sUtra meM umAsvAti kI dRSTi saMkSiptIkaraNa kI rahI hai, kyoMki vaha grantha sUtra rUpa meM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki unhoMne na kevala tattvoM ke saMbaMdha meM apitu anya saMdarbho meM bhI apanI sUciyoM kA saMkSiptIkaraNa kiyA hai, jaise uttarAdhyayana aura kuMdakuMda ke granthoM meM varNita caturvidha mokSa-mArga ke sthAna para trividha mokSa-mArga kA pratipAdana karate hue tapa ko cAritra meM hI aMtarbhUta mAna lenA, saptanaya kI avadhAraNA meM samabhirUr3hanaya aura evaMbhUtanaya ko zabdanaya ke aMtargata mAnakara mUla meM pA~ca nayoM kI avadhAraNA ko prastuta karanA aadi| isI krama meM unhoMne puNya aura pApa ko bhI Asrava ke aMtargata mAnakara navatattvoM ke sthAna para sAta tattvoM kI avadhAraNA prastuta kI hai| jJAtavya hai ki jaina darzana ke itihAsa meM kAlakrama meM vibhinna tAttvika avadhAraNAoM kI sUciyoM meM kahIM saMkoca kI to kahIM vistAra kI pravRtti dikhalAI detI hai| isakI carcA paM. dalasukha bhAI mAlavaNiyA ne apanI laghu pustikA 'jainadarzana kA AdikAla' meM kI hai| jahA~ taka tattvoM kI saMkhyA saMbaMdhI sUcI saMkucita evaM vistArita hotI rahI hai| jJAtavya hai ki jainadharma-darzana meM tattvoM ko zraddhA kA viSaya mAnA gayA hai| tattvArtha sUtra (1/3) meM to spaSTa rUpa se yaha kahA gayA hai ki tattva zraddhAna hI samyagdarzana hai| kiMtu jina tattvoM para zraddhA rakhanI cAhie arthAt unako asti rUpa mAnanA cAhie nAsti rUpa nahIM, isakI carcA karate hue sarvaprathama sUtrakRtAMga ke dvitIya zrutaskandha ke pA~caveM adhyayana meM battIsa tattvoM kI eka vistRta sUcI dI gaI hai, jo nimna hai 1. loka, 2. aloka, 3. jIva, 4. ajIva, 5. dharma, 6. adharma, 7. baMdha, 8. mokSa, 9. puNya, 10. pApa, 11. Asrava, 12. saMvara, 13. vedanA Page #26 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bhUmikA XXV (vipAka), 14. nirjarA, 15. kriyA, 16. akriyA, 17. krodha, 18. mAna, 19. mAyA, 20. lobha, 21. prema (rAga), 22. dveSa, 23. caturaMga saMsAra, 24. siddhasthAna, 25. deva, 26. devI, 27. siddhi, 28. asiddhi, 29. sAdhu, 30. asAdhu, 31. kalyANa aura 32. pApa (akalyANa) / -sUtrakRtAMga 2/5/765-78 yahA~ hama dekhate haiM ki solaha yugmoM meM battIsa tattvoM ko ginAyA gayA hai| ina yugmoM meM dharma-adharma, pApa-puNya aura kalyANa-akalyANa (pApa) ye tIna yugma aise haiM jinameM artha kI nikaTatA hai| phira bhI jahA~ dharma aura adharma kramazaH samyak evaM mithyA sAdhanA mArga ke sUcaka haiM, vahA~ puNya aura pApa kramazaH satkarma aura asatkarma ke athavA naitika karma aura anaitika karma ke sUcaka haiN| jabaki kalyANa evaM pApa (akalyANa) kA saMbaMdha upAdeya aura heya se hai| phira bhI inameM kisI sImA taka artha kI jo nikaTatA hai, usako dhyAna meM rakhate hue tattva saMbaMdhI anya sUciyoM meM ina tIna yugmoM meM se do ko chor3akara mAtra puNya aura pApa ko hI sthAna diyA gyaa| sUtrakRtAMga kehI dvitIya zrutaskandha (2.715) meM yaha sUcI saMkucita rUpa meM milatI hai| usameM nimna 12 tattvoM ko hI svIkAra kiyA gayA hai 1. jIva, 2. ajIva, 3. puNya, 4. pApa, 5. Asrava, 6. saMvara, 7. vedanA, 8. nirjarA, 9. kriyA, 10. adhikaraNa, 11. baMdha aura 12. mokSa / aisI hI eka anya saMkucita sUcI AcArAMga ke prathama zrutaskaMdha ke AThaveM adhyayana (uddezaka 1 ) meM milatI hai| isameM loka ke astitvaanastitva, sAdi-anAdi, dhruva (nitya) - anitya, sAnta-ananta Adi kI carcA ke sAtha-sAtha sukRta- duSkRta, kalyANa- pApa, sAdhu-asAdhu, siddhiasiddhi aura naraka-anaraka aise pA~ca yugmoM meM dasa tattvoM kA ullekha hai| isI krama meM uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM Ate-Ate tattvoM kI isa sUcI meM puna: saMkoca huA aura sUtrakRtAMga kI 12 tattvoM kI isa sUcI meM se vedanA, Page #27 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXVI puNya-pApa tattva kriyA aura adhikaraNa ina tIna ko nikAla dene se kevala navatattva raha gye| phira bhI yahA~ taka puNya aura pApa kI svataMtra tattvoM ke rUpa meM svIkRti banI rhii| sarvaprathama umAsvAti ne hI ina navatattvoM meM se puNya aura pApa ko alaga karake apanI tattva sUcI meM mAtra sAta tattvoM ko svIkRti dI tathA puNya aura pApa ko Asrava ke antargata maanaa| jaba puNya aura pApa Asrava bana gaye to unakI upayogitA para hI praznacihna laganA prAraMbha ho gyaa| kyoMki jo Asrava arthAt baMdhana kA hetu ho, vaha mukti-mArga ke sAdhaka ke lie upAdeya yA AcaraNIya nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| isa prakAra pApa ko anupAdeya yA heya mAnane ke sAtha-sAtha puNya ko bhI anupAdeya yA heya mAnane kI pravRtti vikasita huii| jisake pariNAmasvarUpa lokamaMgala aura paropakAra ke kAryoM kI upekSA kI jAne lagI aura unheM Atma-sAdhanA kI apekSA se heya yA anupAdeya mAnA jAne lgaa| puNya aura pApa jaba taka svataMtra tattva the taba taka ve viruddha dharmI the, ataH pApa ko heya aura puNya ko upAdeya mAnA jAtA thaa| kyoMki vaha heya pApa kA viruddha dharmI thA, ataH upAdeya thaa| kiMtu jaba ve donoM Asrava ke bheda mAna liye gaye to ve paraspara viruddha dharmI yA vijAtIya na rahakara sajAtIya yA sahavargI bana gye| phalataH pApa ke sAtha-sAtha puNya bhI heya kI koTi meM calA gayA aura puNya kI upAdeyatA para prazna cihna laga gyaa| puNya kI upAdeyatA para kaise lagA praznacihna? vastutaH jaba AcArya umAsvAti ne puNya aura pApa ko Asrava kA aMga mAna liyA to svAbhAvika rUpa se yaha samasyA utpanna huI ki jisakA Asrava hotA hai, usakA baMdha bhI hotA hai aura jisakA baMdha hotA hai usakA vipAka bhI hotA hai| isa prakAra baMdha aura vipAka kI prakriyA se bhava-bhramaNa kI paramparA calatI rahatI hai| punaH jo bhI bhava-bhramaNa kA hetu hogA, vaha upAdeya nahIM ho sktaa| Page #28 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXVII bhUmikA isa prakAra puNya ko Asrava rUpa mAnane ke pariNAmasvarUpa usako heya mAnane kI avadhAraNA vikasita huii| isa avadhAraNA ko AcArya kuMdakuMda ke isa kathana se adhika bala milA kI puNya aura pApa donoM hI baMdhana ke hetu hone se ber3I ke samAna hI haiN| phira vaha ber3I cAhe sone kI ho yA phira lohe kI ho, baMdhana kA kArya to karatI hI hai| isa prakAra jaba pApa ke sAthasAtha puNya ko bhI samatulA para rakhakara heya mAna liyA to usakA pariNAma yaha huA ki adhyAtmavAdI mumukSu sAdhakoM kI dRSTi meM pApa ke sAtha-sAtha puNya bhI anupAdeya bana gayA aura pariNAmasvarUpa ve paropakAra aura lokamaMgala ke kAryoM ko bhI baMdhana kA nimitta mAna karake unakI upekSA karane lge| AcArya kuMdakuMda ne to puNya aura pApa ko kramaza: sone aura lohe kI ber3I hI kahA thaa| kiMtu unake paravartI TIkAkAroM ne to puNya-pApa donoM ko baMdhana kA rUpa kahakara unakI pUrNata: upekSA karanA prAraMbha kara diyaa| paM. jayacandajI chAbar3A apanI samayasAra kI bhASA vacanikA meM likhate haiM puNya pApa doya karama, baMdha rUpa duI maanii| zuddha Atama jina lahyo, namUM caraNa hita jaanii|| isa prakAra pApa ke sAtha-sAtha puNya bhI anupAdeya mAna liyA gyaa| cAhe puNya ko Asrava yA baMdha rUpa mAna bhI liyA jAye phira bhI usakI upAdeyatA ko asvIkAra nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| kiMtu sahI samajha ke lie karmoM ke baMdhaka aura abaMdhaka hone kI sthiti kI tathA unake zubhatvaazubhatva evaM zuddhatva kI samIkSA apekSita hai| tIna prakAra ke karma jainadarzana meM 'karmaNA badhyate jantuH' kI ukti svIkArya rahI hai, lekina isameM sabhI karma athavA kriyAe~ samAna rUpa se baMdhanakAraka nahIM haiN| usameM do prakAra kI kriyAe~ mAnI gaI haiM-eka ko karma kahA gayA hai, dUsarI Page #29 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXVIII puNya-pApa tattva ko akrm| samasta sAmparAyika kriyAe~ arthAt rAga-dveSa evaM kaSAya yukta kriyAe~ karma kI koTi meM AtI haiM aura IryApathika kriyAe~ akarma kI koTi meM AtI haiN| naitika darzana kI dRSTi se prathama prakAra ke karma (kriyAe~) hI ucita-anucita kI koTi meM Ate haiM aura dUsare prakAra ke karma naitikatA ke kSetra meM Ane vAle sabhI karma bhI ekasamAna nahIM hote haiN| unameM se kucha zubha aura kucha azubha hote haiN| jaina paribhASA meM inheM kramaza: puNya-karma aura pApa-karma kahA jAtA hai| isa prakAra jainadarzana ke anusAra karma tIna prakAra ke hote haiM-1. IryApathika karma (akarma) 2. puNya-karma aura 3. paap-krm| azubha yA pApa karma jaina AcAryoM ne pApa kI yaha paribhASA kI hai ki vaiyaktika saMdarbha meM jo AtmA ko baMdhana meM DAle, jisake kAraNa AtmA kA patana ho, jo AtmA ke Ananda kA zoSaNa kare aura AtmazaktiyoM kA kSaya kare, vaha pApa hai|' sAmAjika saMdarbha meM jo parapIr3A yA dUsaroM ke du:kha kA kAraNa hai, vaha pApa hai (pApAya prpiiddnm)| vastuta: jisa vicAra evaM AcAra se apanA aura para kA ahita ho aura jisase aniSTa phala kI prApti ho vaha pApa hai| ve sabhI karma jo svArtha, ghRNA yA ajJAna ke kAraNa dUsare kA ahita karane kI dRSTi se kiye jAte haiM, pApa karma haiN| itanA hI nahIM sabhI prakAra ke durvicAra aura durbhAvanAe~ bhI pApa karma haiN| pApa karmoM kA vargIkaraNa jaina dArzanikoM ke anusAra pApa karma 18 prakAra ke haiM-1. prANAtipAta (hiMsA), 2. mRSAvAda (asatya bhASaNa), 3. adattAdAna (cauryakarma), 4. maithuna (kAma-vikAra), 5. parigraha (mamatva, mUrchA, tRSNA yA saMcaya-vRtti), 6. krodha (gussA), 7. mAna (ahaMkAra), 8. mAyA (kapaTa, chala, Sar3ayaMtra aura kUTanIti), 9. lobha (saMcaya yA saMgraha kI vRtti), 10. rAga (Asakti), 11. Page #30 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXIX bhUmikA dveSa (ghRNA, tiraskAra, IrSyA Adi), 12. kleza (saMgharSa, kalaha, lar3AI, jhagar3A Adi), 13. abhyAkhyAna, 14. pizunatA (cugalI), 15. paraparivAda (paraniMdA), 16. rati-arati (harSa aura zoka), 17. mAyA-mRSA (kapaTa sahita asatya bhASaNa), 18. mithyAdarzanazalya (ayathArtha jIvana dRsstti)| puNya (kuzala karma) puNya vaha hai jisake kAraNa sAmAjika evaM caitasika stara para samatva kI sthApanA hotI hai| mana, zarIra aura bAhya pariveza meM saMtulana banAnA yaha puNya kA kArya hai| puNya kyA hai, isakI vyAkhyA meM tattvArtha sUtrakAra kahate haiM-zubhAsrava puNya hai| dUsare jainAcAryoM ne isakI vyAkhyA dUsare prakAra se kI hai| AcArya hemacandra puNya kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahate haiM ki puNya azubha karmoM kA lAghava hai aura zubha karmoM kA udaya hai| isa prakAra AcArya hemacandra kI dRSTi meM puNya azubha (pApa) karmoM kI alpatA aura zubha karmoM ke udaya ke phalasvarUpa prApta prazasta avasthA kA dyotaka hai| nirvANa kI upalabdhi meM puNya ke sahAyaka svarUpa kI vyAkhyA AcArya abhayadeva kI sthAnAMgasUtra kI TIkA meM milatI hai| AcArya abhayadeva kahate haiM ki puNya vaha hai jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai athavA pavitratA kI ora le jAtA hai| isa prakAra AcArya abhayadeva kI dRSTi meM puNya AdhyAtmika sAdhanA meM sahAyaka tattva hai| vastuta: puNya mokSArthiyoM kI naukA ke lie anukUla vAyu hai jo naukA ko bhavasAgara se zIghra pAra karA detI hai| jaina banArasIdAsajI samayasAra nATaka meM kahate haiM ki-"jisase bhAvoM kI vizuddhi ho, jisase AtmA AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI ora bar3hatA ho aura jisase isa saMsAra meM bhautika samRddhi aura sukha milatA ho vahI puNya hai|'' ___ jaina tattva jJAna ke anusAra, puNya-karma ve zubha pudgala paramANu haiM jo zubha vRttiyoM evaM kriyAoM ke kAraNa AtmA kI ora AkarSita ho baMdha karate haiM aura apane vipAka ke avasara para zubha adhyavasAyoM, zubha vicAroM Page #31 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXX puNya-pApa tattva evaM kriyAoM kI ora prerita karate haiM tathA AdhyAtmika vikAsa hetu mAnasika evaM bhautika anukUlatAoM ke saMyoga prastuta kara dete haiN| AtmA kI ve manodazAe~ evaM kriyAe~ puNya kahalAtI haiM jo zubha pudgala paramANu ko AkarSita karatI haiN| sAtha hI dUsarI ora ve pudgala-paramANu jo ina zubha vRttiyoM evaM kriyAoM ko prerita karate haiM aura apane prabhAva se Arogya, samyak zraddhA, jJAna evaM saMyama ke avasara upasthita karate haiM, puNya kahe jAte haiN| zubha manovRttiyA~ bhAva puNya haiM aura zubha pudgala-paramANu dravya puNya haiN| puNya yA kuzala karmoM kA vargIkaraNa bhagavatI sUtra meM anukampA, sevA, paropakAra Adi zubha pravRttiyoM ko puNyopArjana kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| sthAnAMga sUtra meM nau prakAra ke puNya nirUpita haiN|' 1. annapuNya-bhojanAdi dekara kSudhArta kI kSudhA-nivRtti krnaa| 2. pAnapuNya-tRSA (pyAsa) se pIr3ita vyakti ko pAnI pilaanaa| 3. layanapuNya-nivAsa ke lie sthAna denA dharmazAlAe~ Adi bnvaanaa| zayanapuNya-zayyA, bichaunA Adi denaa| vastrapuNya-vastra kA dAna denaa| ___ manapuNya-mana se zubha vicAra karanA arthAt jagat ke maMgala kI zubhakAmanA krnaa| vacanapuNya-prazasta evaM saMtoSa dene vAlI vANI kA prayoga krnaa| 8. kAyapuNya-rogI, du:khita evaM pUjya janoM kI sevA krnaa| namaskAra puNya-gurujanoM ke prati Adara prakaTa karane ke lie unakA abhivAdana krnaa| 5. Page #32 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXXI bhUmikA puNya aura pApa (zubha aura azubha) kI kasauTI zubhAzubhatA yA puNya-pApa ke nirNaya ke do AdhAra ho sakate haiM1. karma kA bAhya svarUpa arthAt samAja para usakA prabhAva aura 2. kartA kA abhipraay| ina donoM meM kauna-sA AdhAra yathArtha hai, yaha vivAda kA viSaya rahA hai| gItA aura bauddha darzana meM kartA ke abhiprAya ko hI kRtyoM kI zubhAzubhatA kA saccA AdhAra mAnA gayA hai| gItA spaSTa rUpa se kahatI hai ki- 'jisameM kartRtva bhAva nahIM hai, jisakI buddhi nirlipta hai, vaha karttavyabhAva se ina saba logoM ko mAra DAle to bhI yaha samajhanA cAhiye ki usane na to kisI ko mArA hai aura na vaha usa karma se baMdhana ko prApta karatA hai|'10 dhammapada meM buddha-vacana bhI aisA hI hai ki naiSkarmya sthiti ko prApta brAhmaNa mAtA-pitA ko, do kSatriya rAjAoM ko evaM prajA sahita rASTra ko mArakara bhI niSpApa hokara jAtA hai|" bauddhadarzana meM kartA ke abhiprAya ko hI puNya-pApa kA AdhAra mAnA gayA hai| isakA pramANa sUtrakRtAMgasUtra ke Ardraka saMvAda meM bhI milatA hai| jahA~ taka jaina mAnyatA kA prazna hai, vidvAnoM ke anusAra usameM bhI kartA ke abhiprAya ko hI karma kI zubhAzubhatA kA AdhAra mAnA gayA hai| muni suzIlakumArajI likhate haiM ki-zubha-azubha karma ke baMdha kA mukhya AdhAra manovRttiyA~ hI haiN| eka DaoNkTara kisI ko pIr3A pahu~cAne ke lie usakA vraNa cIratA hai| usase cAhe rogI ko lAbha hI ho jAye, paraMtu DaoNkTara to pApa-karma ke baMdhana kA hI bhAgI hogaa| isake viparIta vahI DaoNkTara karuNA se prerita hokara vraNa cIratA hai aura kadAcit usase rogI kI mRtyu ho jAtI hai, to bhI DaoNkTara apanI zubha-bhAvanA ke kAraNa puNya kA baMdha karatA hai|'' paNDita sukhalAlajI bhI yahI kahate haiM, puNyabaMdha aura pApa-baMdha kI saccI kasauTI kevala UparI kriyA nahIM hai, kiMtu usakI yathArtha kasauTI kartA kA Azaya hI hai| jainadarzana ke anusAra jisa vyakti meM saMsAra ke sabhI prANiyoM ke prati Atmavat dRSTi hai, vahI Page #33 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXXII puNya-pApa tattva puNya karmoM kA sraSTA hai| dazavaikAlika sUtra meM kahA gayA hai ki samasta prANiyoM ko jo apane samAna samajhatA hai aura jisakA sabhI ke prati samabhAva hai, vaha pApa-karma kA baMdha nahIM karatA hai| sUtrakRtAMga ke anusAra bhI dharma-adharma (zubhAzubhatva) ke nirNaya meM apane samAna dUsare ko samajhanA caahie|" sabhI ko jIvita rahane kI icchA hai| koI bhI maranA nahIM caahtaa| sabhI ko apane prANa priya haiN| sukha anukUla hai aura duHkha pratikUla hai| isalie vahI AcaraNa zreSTha hai, jisake dvArA kisI bhI prANI kA hanana nahIM ho| kauna-sA karma baMdhanakAraka hai aura kauna-sA karma baMdhanakAraka nahIM hai, isakA nirNaya kriyA ke bAhya rUpa se nahIM, varan kriyA ke mUla meM nihita cetanA kI rAgAtmakatA ke AdhAra para hotA hai| paM. sukhalAlajI saMghavI karmagrantha kI bhUmikA meM likhate haiM ki sAdhAraNa loga yaha samajha baiThate haiM ki amuka kAma nahIM karane se apane ko puNya-pApa kA lepa nahIM lagegA, isase ve kAma ko chor3a dete haiN| para bahudhA unakI mAnasika kriyA nahIM chuutttii| isase ve icchA rahane para bhI puNya pApa ke lepa (baMdha) se apane ko mukta nahIM kara skte| yadi kaSAya (rAgAdibhAva) nahIM hai to Upara kI koI bhI kriyA AtmA ko baMdhana meM rakhane meM samartha nahIM hai| isase ulTe, yadi kaSAya kA vega bhItara vartamAna hai to Upara se hajAra yatna karane para bhI koI apane ko baMdhana se chur3A nahIM sktaa| isI se yaha kahA jAtA hai ki Asakti chor3akara jo kAma kiyA jAtA hai vaha baMdhanakAraka nahIM hotaa|19 ___ ata: baMdhana ke bhaya se paropakAra kI pravRttiyoM evaM lokahita ke apane dAyitvoM ko chor3a baiThanA ucita nahIM hai| kyA puNyakarma (zubhakarma) Asrava hI hai vastuta: puNya ko anupAdeya yA heya mAnane kI pravRtti kA mUla Page #34 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bhUmikA XXXIII kAraNa use Asrava rUpa mAnanA hai| yaha ThIka hai ki umAsvAti ne tattvArthasUtra meM zubha kA Asrava kahA hai, kiMtu prathama to dhyAna rakhanA Avazyaka hai ki zubha kA Asrava heya nahIM hai| umAsvAti ne bhI kahIM bhI zubha ko heya nahIM kahA hai| jo bhI Asrava hai, vaha sabhI heya yA anupAdeya hai aisA anekAMtavAdI jaina darzana kA siddhAMta nahIM hai| AcArAMga sUtra meM spaSTa rUpa se kahA gayA hai ki jo Asrava ke hetu haiM ve parisrava arthAt saMvara aura nirjarA ke hetu bhI bana jAte haiM aura jo parisrava arthAt saMvara aura nirjarA ke hetu haiM ve Asrava ke hetu bhI bana sakate haiN| ata: puNya karma Asrava rUpa hI hai-aisI jainadarzana kI ekAMta avadhAraNA nahIM hai| prastuta kRti meM paM. pravara zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA kasAyapAhuDa kI jayadhavalA TIkA ke AdhAra para likhate haiM ki dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya, vaiyAvRttya Adi sadpravRttiyoM ko zubhayoga va puNya kahA gayA hai| sAtha hI zubhayoga ko saMvara bhI kahA gayA hai| jayadhavalA meM kahA gayA hai ki zubha aura zuddha pariNAmoM se karmoM kA kSaya na mAnA jAye to phira karmoM kA kSaya ho hI nahIM sakatA hai| vastuta: unakI yaha avadhAraNA yuktisaMgata hai ki zubhabhAva kaSAya ke udaya se nahIM, kaSAya kI maMdatA se hote haiM ata: ve saMvara rUpa bhI haiN| yaha nizcaya siddhAMta hai ki zubha pariNAmoM ke udaya se azubha pariNAmoM kA saMvara hotA hai aura azubha pariNAmoM kA saMvara hI vAstavika artha meM saMvara hai| puNya meM pravRtti hone se pApa se nivRtti svAbhAvika rUpa se hotI hai| ata: puNya ko Asrava rUpa aura saMvara rUpa donoM hI mAnanA hogaa| puNya cAhe zubha kA Asrava ho, kiMtu usI samaya vaha azubha kA to saMvara hai hii| puNya karma aura usakA baMdha evaM vipAka ___ yaha satya hai ki puNya karma bhI hai| kyoMki usakA Asrava, baMdha aura vipAka mAnA gayA hai, kiMtu sabhI prakAra ke Asrava aura baMdha samAna nahIM hote haiN| vastuta: vahI Asrava, baMdha evaM vipAka heya kahA jAtA hai jisake Page #35 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXXIV puNya-pApa tattva kAraNa AtmA kA svabhAva vikArI banatA hai arthAt vibhAva pariNati hotI hai| jaina paramparA meM inheM ghAtI karma kahA gayA hai| puNya ke dvArA jina karma prakRtiyoM kA baMdha hotA hai ve sabhI aghAtI karma kI haiM arthAt unase AtmA kA svabhAva vikArI nahIM hotA hai| mokSa-prApti ke samaya meM AyuSya karma kA kSaya hone para arthAt AyuSya pUrNa hone para puNya karma bhI svata: hI samApta ho jAte haiN| puNya karmoM ko kSaya karane ke lie kisI prayatna yA puruSArtha kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai| puNya karma tabhI baMdhaka banate haiM jaba ve phalAkAMkSA aura rAgAtmakatA se yukta hote haiN| anyathA to ve IryApathika karma kI taraha prathama samaya meM baMdhakara dUsare hI samaya meM nirjarita ho jAte haiM, unakA sthiti baMdha nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki sthiti baMdha kaSAya ke nimitta se hotA hai aura kaSAya cAhe kisI bhI rUpa meM ho vaha puNya rUpa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| puNya prakRti kA baMdha to mana, vacana, kAyA ke zubha yoga hI karate haiN| kaSAya ke abhAva meM vItarAga ke puNya karma hote hue bhI mAtra IryApathika Asrava evaM baMdha hotA hai| jaina karma-siddhAMta kA niyama hai ki gyArahaveM guNasthAna meM kaSAya ke udaya nahIM hone para jIvoM para karuNA, sevA evaM vinaya rUpa puNya pravRttiyA~ rahane para bhI unase mAtra dvisamaya kI sattA vAle IryApathika sAtAvedanIya (puNya prakRti) kA baMdha hotA hai| jise jaina paramparA meM IryApathika karma yA akarma kahA gayA hai, aisA karma vastuta: karma hI nahIM hai| jo bhavabhramaNa kA kAraNa ho yA mukti meM bAdhaka ho yA jisase Atma-svabhAva vikAra dazA yA vibhAva dazA ko prApta hotA ho vahI karma hai, zeSa to akarma hI hai| sUtrakRtAMga meM apramAda kI sthiti meM sampanna kriyA ko akarma kahA gayA hai| isalie vaha sadpravRtti rUpa puNya karma na to heya hai aura na upekSA ke yogya hai, apitu aisA karma to karttavya bhAva se karaNIya hI mAnA gayA hai| vastuta: jo loga puNya ko baMdhana rUpa mAnakara usakI upekSA kA nirdeza karate Page #36 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXXV bhUmikA haiM, ve puNya ke vAstavika svarUpa se paricita hI nahIM haiN| unhoMne phalAkAMkSA yukta sakAma karma karane ko hI puNya karma samajha liyA hai| jo vAstavika artha meM puNya karma na hokara pApa hI hai, kyoMki 'rAga' pApa hai| puNya kI upAdeyatA kA prazna puNya kI upAdeyatA ko siddha karane ke lie AdhyAtmika sAdhaka prajJApuruSa paM. zrI kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA ne ati parizrama karake prastuta kRti meM sapramANa yaha siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA hai ki puNya heya nahIM hai, apitu upAdeya hai| yadi puNya karma ko mukti meM bAdhaka mAnakara heya mAneMge to tIrthaGkara nAma gotrakarma ko bhI mukti meM bAdhaka mAnanA hogA, kiMtu koI bhI jaina vicAraka tIrthaGkara nAma gotrakarma ke baMdha ko mukti meM bAdhaka, anupAdeya yA heya nahIM mAnatA hai| kyoMki tIrthaGkara nAmakarma ke baMdha ke pazcAt niyamata: tIsare bhava meM avazya mukti hotI hai| puna: tIrthaGkara nAma gotrakarma kA, jaba taka unake AyuSya karma kI sthiti hotI hai taba taka hI astitva rahatA hai| ata: vaha mukti meM bAdhaka nahIM hotA, kyoMki tIrthaGkara nAmakarma se yukta jIva tIrthaGkara nAmakarma gotra ke udaya kI avasthA meM niyama se hI mukti ko prApta hotA hai| __ vastuta: vyakti meM jaba taka yoga arthAt mana-vacana-karma kI pravRttiyA~ haiM taba taka karmAsrava aparihArya hai| phira bhI jainAcAryoM ne ina yogoM athavA mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRttiyoM ko heya nahIM batAyA hai aura na unheM tyAgane kA hI nirdeza diyA hai| unakA nirdeza mAtra itanA hI hai ki mana, vacana aura kAyA kI jo azubha yA aprazasta pravRttiyA~ haiM, unheM rokA jAye, prazasta pravRttiyoM ke rokane kA kahIM bhI koI nirdeza nahIM hai| tIrthaGkara athavA kevalI bhI yoga-nirodha usI samaya karatA hai jaba AyuSya karma mAtra Page #37 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXXVI puNya-pApa tattva pA~ca hrasva-svaroM ke uccAraNa meM lagane vAle samaya ke samatulya raha jAtA hai, ata: puNya karma ko mukti meM bAdhaka yA saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| vastuta: saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya ke tattva haiM, kyoMki rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya ke abhAva meM mAtra yoga arthAt kAyika, vAcika aura mAnasika pravRttiyoM ke kAraNa jo karmAsrava hotA hai usase IryApathika baMdha hotA hai, sAmparAyika baMdha nahIM hotaa| jaina karmasiddhAMta ke anusAra baMdha ke cAra prakAroM meM yoga ke nimitta se mAtra prakRti aura pradeza kA hI baMdha hotA hai, kiMtu rAga-dveSa evaM kaSAya kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa unakA sthiti baMdha nahIM ho paataa| ata: IryApathika Asrava aura IryApathika baMdha meM sthiti kA abhAva hotA hai aura sthiti ke abhAva meM ve karma dUsare samaya ke pazcAt hI nirjarita ho jAte haiM, ata: puNyAsrava yA puNya karma saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA kAraNa nahIM hai| satya to yaha hai ki IryApathika Asrava vastuta: baMdha nahIM karatA hai| kabhI-kabhI yaha bhI kahA jAtA hai ki puNya karma karane meM prazasta rAga hotA hai aura prazasta rAga bhI saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hotA hai| vastuta: yahA~ hama do bAtoM ko Apasa meM milA dete haiN| karma kI prazastatA aura karma kI rAgAtmakatA ye do alaga-alaga tathya haiN| jo prazasta karma ho vaha rAgAtmaka bhI ho, yaha Avazyaka nahIM hai| baMdhana meM DAlane vAlA tattva rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya hai, jaina karma-siddhAMta ke anusAra usakI anupasthiti meM baMdhana nahIM hotA hai| vastuta: prazastakarma kA sampAdana baMdhana kA kAraNa nahIM hai| sabhI sadpravRttiyA~ yA puNya karma rAgAtmakatA yA Asakti se utpanna nahIM hote haiN| prajJAvAna AtmAoM ke karma karttavya bhAva se hote haiM aura mAtra karttavya buddhi (Sense of duty) se kiyA gayA vinaya yA sevA rUpa kArya baMdhana kA nahIM, apitu nirjarA kA hI hetu hotA hai| isa prakAra karma-phala kI AkAMkSA, mamatva buddhi yA kaSAya hI usake baMdhana ke kAraNa Page #38 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bhUmikA XXXVII haiM kyoMki unakI upasthiti meM hI karma kA sthitibaMdha hotA hai aura sthiti ko lekara jo karma ba~dhate haiM, ve hI saMsAra paribhramaNa ke kAraNa aura mukti meM bAdhaka hote haiM, na ki karttavya buddhi se kiye gaye satkarma yA punnykrm| kyA puNya dharma nahIM hai? puna: yaha bhI prazna uThAyA jAtA hai ki jo Asrava kA hetu ho yA karma rUpa ho vaha dharma nahIM ho sktaa| puNya Asrava hai vaha dharma nahIM athavA yaha ki puNya karma hai ata: vaha dharma nahIM ho sktaa| vastuta: Asrava yA karma dharma hai yA dharma nahIM hai-yaha prazna isa tathya se jur3A huA hai ki dharma se hamArA kyA tAtparya hai? sAmAnyatayA dharma zabda vastu svabhAva, karttavyabhAva aura sAdhanA paddhati ina tIna arthoM meM pracalita hai| yadi hama dharma kA artha svabhAva lete haiM to hameM yaha vicAra karanA hogA ki puNyAsrava yA puNya baMdha yA puNya vipAka AtmA ke vibhAga rUpa haiM yA svabhAva rUpa haiN| itanA nizcita hai ki puNya kA Asrava, puNya kA baMdha aura puNya kA udaya yA vipAka vibhAva ke hetu nahIM haiN| ve vibhAva ke hetu tabhI banate haiM jaba unake sAtha rAga-dveSa yA kaSAya ke tattva praviSTa ho jAte haiN| rAga-dveSa se Upara uThakara vizuddha rUpa se karttavya buddhi se vinaya pratipatti aura vaiyAvRttya yA sevA ke kArya vibhAva pariNati ke kAraNa nahIM haiM, kyoMki karttavya buddhi se kI gayI kriyAe~ mamatva yA rAga se nahIM, apitu tyAga bhAvanA se hI pratiphalita hotI haiN| jaina paramparA meM puNya ke rUpa meM dAna, sevAvRtti aura vinaya pratipatti kA jo ullekha huA hai, vaha tyAga bhAvanA aura mAtra kartavya buddhi se saMbhava hai| dAna mamatva ke visarjana meM hI saMbhava hotA hai aura mamatva kA visarjana yA tyAga bhAva svabhAva pariNati hai, vibhAva pariNati nhiiN| puna: yadi tyAga bhAva yA mamatva kA visarjana svabhAva pariNati hai to vaha dharma hai aura aisI sthiti meM puNya ko bhI dharma hI mAnanA hogaa| puna: tyAga bhAva athavA mAtra kartavya buddhi se kiyA gayA karma vastuta: niSkAma karma yA akarma kI koTi meM AtA Page #39 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXXVIII puNya-pApa tattva hai, kyoMki jo karma rAga-dveSa-mamatva se Upara uThakara mAtra karttavya buddhi se kiyA jAtA hai aisA niSkAma karma dharma kA hI aMga hai| binA phala kI AkAMkSA ke karttavya buddhi se karma karane para vibhAva meM pariNati nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki vibhAva dazA tabhI saMbhava hotI hai jaba 'para' meM 'sva' kA arthAt mamatva buddhi kA AropaNa hotA hai| mamatva buddhi yA rAgAtmakatA se athavA phalAkAMkSA se kiyA gayA kArya hI baMdhana kA kAraNa hotA hai aura isalie usakI gaNanA azubha karma yA pApa karma meM hotI hai, kiMtu mamatva buddhi se Upara uThakara mAtra karttavya buddhi se jo karma kiyA jAtA hai vaha karma akarma bana jAtA hai aura niSkAma karma yA akarma dharma hI hotA hai ata: puNya dharma hai| vastuta: zubha karma yA puNya karma karate samaya yadi vyakti mamatva buddhi yA rAgAtmakatA ko rakhakara calatA hai to vaha puNya ko pApa meM hI parivartita kara detA hai| use pApAnubaMdhI puNya kahA hai vahI baMdhana rUpa hai| na kevala jaina paramparA meM apitu gItA meM bhI karttavya buddhi se kiye gaye karma baMdhana ke kAraNa nahIM mAne gaye haiM, apitu unheM dharma yA mukti kA hetu hI kahA gayA hai| karma meM rAgAtmakatA yA phalabuddhi Ane para karttavya buddhi samApta ho jAtI hai aura karttavya buddhi samApta ho jAne para vaha karma vikarma yA pApa karma bana jAtA hai| ata: puNya Asrava kA nimitta hote hue bhI dharma hI hai, kyoMki usameM karttavya buddhi hI hotI hai| ata: puNya ko dharma kI koTi meM hI sthAna denA hogaa| __puNya dharma nahIM hai athavA dharma puNya nahIM hai yA puNya aura dharma bhinnabhinna haiM-jo loga aisI avadhAraNA rakhate haiM, ve vastuta: puNya kA artha mamatva buddhi rAgAtmakatA se yukta karma hI lete haiN| kiMtu sabhI zubha karma (kArya) yA puNya karma rAgAtmakatA se hI sampanna hote haiM, yaha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA hai| aneka zubha karma yA puNya karma mAtra karttavya buddhi se sampanna hote haiM aura jo karma mAtra karttavya buddhi se sampanna hote haiM ve dharma hI kahe jAyeMge, kyoMki Page #40 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XXXIX bhUmikA karttavya pAlana dharma hI hai| vastuta: kisI karma meM mamatva buddhi yA phalAkAMkSA kA jitanA tattva hotA hai, vahI use azubha yA pApa meM parivartita kara detA hai| ve puNya karma jo karttavya buddhi se yA niSkAma bhAva se sampanna kiye jAte haiM, ve dharma hI haiN| ve na to baMdhana ke hetu haiM aura na mokSa kI prApti meM bAdhaka haiN| aise karmoM ke saMbaMdha meM dharma aura puNya ko ekAtmaka yA abhinna mAnanA hogaa| sevA, vinaya Adi ke jina karmoM ke pIche mamatva buddhi yA phalAkAMkSA jur3I huI hotI hai, ve zuddha rUpa meM puNya karma nahIM kahe jA sakate haiN| ve pApAnubaMdhI puNya haiM kyoMki bhaviSya kI phalAkAMkSA unheM pApa rUpa banA detI hai| jina sthitiyoM meM puNya aura pApa kA mizraNa hai vahA~ rAgAtmakatA yA phalAkAMkSA kI upasthiti usa karma ko puNya se pApa ke rUpa meM vaise parivartita kara detI hai jaise dUdha meM DAlA gayA thor3A-sA dahI sampUrNa dUdha ko dahI meM parivartita kara detA hai| jaina darzana meM pApa ke jo aThAraha prakAra mAne gaye haiN| unameM rAga-dveSa bhI haiN| rAgAtmakatA yA phalAkAMkSA hogI vaha pApa karma yA adharma hI hogaa| ata: 'prazasta rAga' jaise zabda mAtra bhrAnti hI khar3I karate haiN| karma-siddhAMta kI apekSA rAga kabhI-bhI prazasta nahIM hai, ata: vaha dharma nahIM hai| puNya kyA hai? yadi isa prazna kA saMkSipta uttara denA hai to hama kaheMge-puNya vaha hai jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai| (punAti vA pavitrIkarotyAtmAnamiti puNyam) puNya kI isa vyutpattiparaka paribhASA ke AdhAra para use kisI bhI sthiti meM heya aura tyAjya nahIM kahA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki sabhI dharmoM aura sAdhanA paddhatiyoM kA mUla uddezya to AtmA kI pavitratA ko hI prApta karanA hai jo tattva AtmA kI pavitratA meM sAdhaka ho vaha heya yA tyAjya kaise ho sakatA hai| puNya kI dUsarI paribhASA Page #41 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XL puNya-pApa tattva "paropakAraH puNyAya pApAya parapIDanam" ke anusAra jisase dUsaroM ko du:kha ho, pIr3A pahu~ce, vaha pApa hai aura jo dUsaroM kA hita kare, upakAra kare, vaha puNya hai| isa prakAra paropakAra ko hI dharma kahA jAtA hai| gosvAmI tulasIdAsajI ne bhI kahA hai parahita sarisa dharama nahiM bhAI / para pIr3A sama nahiM adhamAI || kevala unhIM puNyakarmoM ko dharma kI koTi meM nahIM liyA jA sakatA jo phalAkAMkSA yA mamatva buddhi se prerita hote haiN| jo bhI lokamaMgala ke kArya mAtra karttavya buddhi se kiye jAte haiM, jinake pIche kisI phalAkAMkSA yA rAgadveSa kA tattva nahIM hotA, ve dharma se abhinna hI haiM, kyoMki unameM jo IryApathika Asrava aura IryApathika baMdha hotA hai vaha vastuta: baMdha nahIM hai| niSkAma puNya pravRttiyA~ zubha bhI hotI haiM aura zuddha bhI zubha zuddha kA virodhI nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki puNya kA kArya Atmavizuddhi rUpa pravRttiyA~ haiM, ve dharma hI haiN| zubha evaM zuddha avirodhI hai sAmAnyatayA yaha samajhA jAtA hai ki puNya prakRtiyoM aura nivRttimUlaka dharma-sAdhanA meM athavA zubha aura zuddha se paraspara virodha hai, kiMtu yaha eka bhrAnta avadhAraNA hai| zuddha dazA kI upalabdhi ke lie zubha kI sAdhanA Avazyaka hotI hai, jaise kapar3e ke maila ko haTAne ke lie sAbuna Avazyaka hai| hama yaha jAnate haiM ki azubha pravRtti se nivRtti tabhI saMbhava hotI hai jaba zubha yoga meM pravRtti hotI hai| azubha se bacane ke lie zubha meM athavA pApa pravRttiyoM se bacane ke lie puNya pravRttiyoM meM jur3anA Avazyaka hai| hamArI cittavRtti prAraMbhika avasthA meM nirvikalpa avasthA ko prApta nahIM ho sakatI / citta vizuddhi ke lie sarvaprathama citta meM loka maMgala yA loka kalyANa kI bhAvanA ko sthAna denA hotA hai| azubha se zubha kI ora bar3hanA Page #42 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bhUmikA XLI hotA hai aura zubha kI ora bar3hanA hI zuddha kI ora bar3hanA hai| jisa prakAra vastra kI zuddhi ke lie pahale sAbuna Adi lagAnA hotA hai, sAbuna Adi dravya vastra kI vizuddhi meM sAdhaka hI hote haiM bAdhaka nhiiN| usI prakAra niSkAma bhAva se kiye gaye loka maMgala ke kArya bhI mukti meM sAdhaka hote haiM bAdhaka nhiiN| jisa prakAra vastra kI zuddhi - prakriyA meM bhI vastra se maila ko nikAlane kA hI prayatna kiyA jAtA hai| sAbuna to maila ke nikAlane ke sAtha hI svata: hI nikala jAtA hai, usI prakAra cAhe puNya pravRttiyoM ke nimitta se Asrava hotA bhI ho, kiMtu vaha Asrava Atma-vizuddhi kA sAdhaka hI hotA hai| yahA~ yaha bhI jJAtavya hai ki zuddhopayoga kI avasthA meM puNya ke Asrava se sthiti baMdha nahIM hotaa| tIrthaGkara athavA kevalI sadaiva zuddhopayoga meM hI rahate haiM, kiMtu unako bhI apanI yoga pravRtti ke dvArA vedanIyakarma kA Asrava jo puNya prakRti kA Asrava hai yA -' - 'IryApathika Asrava hai, hotA hI rahatA hai| isakA phalita yaha hai ki zubhopayoga zuddhopayoga meM bAdhaka nahIM hai, apitu sAdhaka hI hai| jaina sAdhanA kA krama yahI hai ki vyakti azubha se zubha kI ora aura zubha se zuddha kI ora bddh'e| ataH zubhopayoga aura zuddhopayoga paraspara virodhI nahIM haiM, zubhopayoga ke sadbhAva meM zuddhopayoga saMbhava hai| vastutaH zuddhopayoga meM bAdhaka ve hI tathAkathita zubha pravRttiyA~ hotI haiM jo phalAkAMkSA se yA rAgAtmakatA se yukta hotI haiN| vastuta: to ve phalAkAMkSA yA rAgAtmakatA ke kAraNa azubha hI hotI haiN| kiMtu loka vyavahAra meM athavA upacAra se unheM zubha kahA jAtA hai| udAharaNa ke rUpa meM koI vyakti apane ahaM kI saMtuSTi ke lie arthAt mAna kaSAya kI pUrti ke lie dAna detA hai| bAhara se to usakA yaha karma zubha dikhAI detA hai, kiMtu vastuta: vaha mAna kaSAya kA hetu hone ke kAraNa azubha hI hai| zubha karma do prakAra ke hote haiN| eka ve jo bAhya pratIti ke rUpa meM to zubha dikhAI dete haiM, kiMtu vastutaH zubha hote nahIM haiM, mAtra vyavahAra meM unheM zubha kahA jAtA hai| dUsare, ve jo niSkAma bhAva se mAtra dUsaroM ke prati anukaMpA yA Page #43 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XLII puNya-pApa tattva hita buddhi se kiye jAte haiM, ve vastutaH zubha hote haiM / niSkAma bhAva aura karttavya buddhi se loka maMgala ke lie kiye gaye aise karma zubha bhI haiM aura zuddha bhii| yahA~ zubha aura zuddha meM virodha nahIM hai| kasAyapAhuDa kI jayadhavalA TIkA meM anukaMpA aura zuddhopayoga se bhI Asrava mAnA hai, kiMtu aisA Asrava heya nahIM hai| tIrthaGkara vItarAga hote haiN| unheM zuddhopayoga dazA meM bhI yoga kI sattA bane rahane para zubhAsrava to hotA hI hai| ataH zuddhopayoga aura zubhAsrava virodhI nahIM hai| zuddhopayoga AtmA kI avasthA hai jabaki zubha yoga, jo `puNya baMdha kA kAraNa hai mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti kA hI pariNAma hai| jaba taka jIvana hai, yoga hoMge hii| yadi zubha yoga nahIM hoMge to azubha yoga hoMge, ata: azubha se nivRtti ke lie zubha meM pravRtti Avazyaka hai arthAt pApa se nivRtti ke lie puNya rUpa pravRtti Avazyaka hai| arthAt pApa se nivRtti ke lie puNya rUpa pravRtti Avazyaka hai| pApa se arthAt azubha yoga se nivRtti hone para hI zubha yoga ke dvArA zuddhopayoga kI prApti saMbhava hai| zubha-yoga zuddhopayoga meM bAdhaka nahIM, sAdhaka hai| zubha yoga aura zuddhopayoga meM sAdhana-sAdhya bhAva hai, ata: unheM avirodhI mAnakara zuddhopayoga dazA kI prApti ke lie sAdhana rUpa zubha yogoM arthAt puNya karmoM kA avalaMbana lenA cAhiye / pApa rUpI bImArI ko haTAne ke lie puNya pravRtti auSadhi rUpa hai jisase Atma-vizuddhi rUpa svAsthya yA zuddhopayoga dazA kI prApti hotI hai| zuddhopayoga meM zubhopayoga arthAt puNya karma bAdhaka nahIM sAdhaka hI hai| vastutaH zubhAzubha karmoM se jo Upara uThane kI bAta kahI jAtI hai usakA tAtparya mAtra itanA hI hai ki mokSarUpI sAdhya kI upalabdhi hone para vyakti puNya-pApa donoM kA atikramaNa kara jAtA hai| jisa prakAra nadI pAra karane ke lie naukA kI apekSA hotI hai, kiMtu jaise hI kinArA prApta ho jAtA hai, naukA bhI chor3a denI par3atI hai, kiMtu isase naukA kI mUlyavattA yA mahattA ko kama nahIM AMkanA cAhiye / pAra hone ke lie usakI AvazyakatA to aparihArya rUpa se hotI hai| vaise hI saMsAra rUpI samudra Page #44 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XLIII bhUmikA se pAra hone ke lie puNya rUpI naukA apekSita hai, kyoMki sAdhanA kI pUrNatA mAnavIya guNoM kI abhivyakti meM hai aura mAnavIya guNoM kI abhivyakti ke lie puNya karmoM kA sampAdana Avazyaka hai, ata: puNya karmoM kI upAdeyatA nirvivAda hai| puNya karmoM ko baMdhana rUpa mAnakara jo unakI upekSA kI jAtI hai vaha baMdhana ke svarUpa kI sahI samajha nahIM hone ke kAraNa hai| puNya karma jaba niSkAma bhAva se kiye jAte haiM to unase baMdhana nahIM hotA hai| yadi jaina dharma kI zAstrIya bhASA meM kaheM to unameM mAtra IryApathika baMdha hotA hai, jo vastuta: baMdha nahIM hai| baMdhana jaba bhI hogA vaha rAga-dveSa (kaSAya) evaM phalAkAMkSA kI sattA hone para hI hogA, unakA abhAva hone para baMdhana nahIM hogaa| jaina karma siddhAMta kA yaha zAzvata niyama hai ki kisI bhI karma kA sthiti baMdha kaSAya ke kAraNa hai| ata: vItarAga dazA kI prApti para zubha karma yA puNya karma akarma bana jAte haiM, ve baMdhana nahIM karate haiN| ata: tyAjya 'kaSAya' hai na ki 'puNya' krm| AtmA kI zuddha dazA kI prApti arthAt zuddhopayoga meM upasthiti kaSAya ke abhAva meM saMbhava hai| ata: usakI prApti ke lie kaSAya kA tyAga Avazyaka hai, na ki puNya pravRtti kaa| vastuta: jaba rAga-dveSa (kaSAya) evaM phalAkAMkSA samApta ho jAtI hai taba vaha zubhakarma akarma bana jAtA hai| kaSAya cAhe adhika ho yA alpa, vaha tyAjya hai, vaha pApa rUpa hI hai, kyoMki vaha baMdhana kA kAraNa hI hai| AdaraNIya kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA kA yaha kathana zata-pratizata sahI hai ki maMda kaSAya pApa rUpa hai, kiMtu kaSAya kI maMdatA puNya rUpa hai| kaSAya meM jitanI maMdatA hogI puNya prabhAra utanA hI adhika hogaa| puNya pravRttiyA~ jaba bhI hotI haiM, ve kaSAya kI maMdatA meM hI hotI haiN| ata: kaSAya cAhe vaha maMda hI kyoM na ho, tyAjya hai, kiMtu kaSAya kI maMdatA upAdeya hai, kyoMki sAdhaka kaSAya Page #45 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XLIV puNya-pApa tattva ko maMda karate-karate aMta meM vItarAga dazA ko upalabdha ho jAtA hai aura jaba vaha vItarAga dazA ko upalabdha ho jAtA hai to usakI svAbhAvika rUpa se ni:sRta hone vAlI lokamaMgalakArI puNya pravRttiyA~ baMdhana kAraka nahIM hotI haiN| ve tyAjya nahIM, apitu upAdeya hI hotI haiN| baMdhana puNya pravRttiyoM se nahIM hotA hai, baMdhana to vyakti kI nidAna buddhi yA phalAkAMkSA se hotA hai athavA kaSAya kI upasthiti se hotA hai| guNasthAna siddhAMta ke anusAra bhI karmabaMdha dasaveM guNasthAna taka hI saMbhava hai, kyoMki dasaveM guNasthAna meM saMjvalana lobha (sUkSma lobha) kI sattA hai| gyArahaveM guNasthAna se lekara caudahaveM guNasthAna taka lokamaMgala kI pravRttiyoM ke phalasvarUpa jo dvi-samaya kA IryApathika sAtAvedanIya karma kA baMdha hotA hai vastuta: vaha baMdhana nahIM hai| ata: puNya rUpa sadpravRttiyA~ baMdha rUpa nahIM haiM ata: ve heya nahIM upAdeya haiN| heya to kaSAya haiM, jo pApa rUpa haiN| prastuta kRti meM paM. kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA ne puNya pravRttiyoM kI upAdeyatA ko sapramANa siddha kiyA hai| unake mukhya pratipAdya biMdu nimna prakAra se haiM(1) puNya tattva aura puNya karma meM aMtara hai| cAhe puNya karma baMdhana ke nimitta hoM, kiMtu puNya tattva baMdhana kA nimitta nahIM hai| puNya karma kriyA yA yoga rUpa hai| isase usakA Asrava evaM baMdha saMbhava hai, kiMtu puNya tattva upayoga rUpa hai, zubha Atma pariNAma rUpa hai jo kaSAya kI maMdatA kA pariNAma hai| ata: kaSAya kI maMdatA rUpa puNya tattva Atma-vizuddhi kA nimitta hone se upAdeya hai| kaSAya kI maMdatA aura maMda kaSAya meM aMtara hai| jahA~ kaSAya kI maMdatA puNya rUpa hai vahA~ maMda kaSAya bhI pApa rUpa hai| kaSAya kI maMdatA se zubha pariNAma hote haiM aura usase puNya tattva meM abhivRddhi Page #46 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ bhUmikA (3) XLV hotI hai, jabaki maMda kaSAya se bhI azubha pariNAma hI utpanna hote haiM aura unase pApa tattva kI abhivRddhi hotI hai| isa prakAra kaSAya kI maMdatA puNya kA hetu hai, jabaki maMda kaSAya pApa ke hetu haiN| kaSAya kI maMdatA se huI puNya kI abhivRddhi Atma-vizuddhi kA hetu hone se mokSa kI upalabdhi meM sAdhaka hai| ataH puNya mokSa kA sAdhaka hone se upAdeya hai, jabaki pApa mokSa meM bAdhaka hone se heya hai| (4) puNya pApa kA prakSAlana karatA hai, ata: puNya sone kI ber3I na hokara sone kA AbhUSaNa hai| ber3I baMdhana meM DAlatI hai, AbhUSaNa nahIM / ber3I bAdhyatAvaza dhAraNa karanI par3atI hai, jabaki AbhUSaNa svecchA se dhAraNa kiyA jAtA hai / ata: ber3I se hama icchAnusAra mukta nahIM ho sakate haiM, kiMtu AbhUSaNa se icchAnusAra mukta ho sakate haiM / ata: AbhUSaNa rUpa puNya ke kSaya kA koI upAya kisI sAdhanA meM nirdiSTa nahIM hai| (5) dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya, sevA Adi sadpravRttiyoM se baMdha nahIM hotA hai| baMdha to tabhI hotA hai, jaba karttA meM phalAkAMkSA, nidAna kartRtva yA bhoktRtva rUpa kaSAya pariNAma ho / saMkSepa meM zubhayoga ke sAtha rahA huA kaSAya bhAva hI una karmoM meM sthiti baMdha kA kAraNa hotA hai| zubha yoga karmabaMdha kA kAraNa nahIM hotA / (6) puNya svabhAva hai, svabhAva kA nAza nahIM hotA hai| puna: jo svabhAva hotA hai, vahI dharma hai| puNya svabhAva hai ataH vaha dharma hai| punaH svabhAva kA tyAga saMbhava nahIM hai, ataH puNya tyAjya nahIM hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki tIrthaGkara kevalajJAna kI prApti ke pazcAt bhI lokakalyANa yA prANiyoM ke prati anukampA kI dRSTi se hI tIrtha pravartana, dharmopadeza Adi pravRtti karate haiM / ataH puNya kabhI bhI tyAjya nahIM hai, vaha sadaiva hI upAdeya hai| Page #47 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XLVI puNya-pApa tattva (7) puNya kevala Asrava yA baMdha rUpa nahIM hai, apitu saMvara aura nirjarA rUpa bhI hai, ata: puNya heya nahIM upAdeya hai| puNya-pApa karma kA saMbaMdha unakI phaladAna zakti-anubhAga se hai, sthiti baMdha se nahIM hai| jaina darzana meM vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi ke lie rAgAdi pApoM ko hI tyAjya kahA hai, puNya ko nhiiN| ata: Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa Adi tattvoM ke bheda-upabheda kA pratipAdana pApa ko lakSya meM rakhakara hI kiyA hai, puNya ko lekara nhiiN| (10) jaina karma-siddhAMta meM jIva ke svabhAva va guNa kA ghAtaka ghAtI karmoM ko hI kahA hai, aghAtI karmoM ko nhiiN| aghAtI karmoM kI asAtA vedanIya, nIca gotra, anAdeya, ayazakIrti Adi pApa prakRtiyoM kI sattA bhI jIva ke kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana Adi kisI bhI guNa kI upalabdhi meM bAdhaka nahIM hai| ata: puNya prakRtiyoM ko jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kI upalabdhi meM evaM vItarAgatA meM bAdhaka mAnanA siddhAMta viruddha hai| puNya-pApa donoM virodhI haiN| ata: jitanA pApa ghaTatA hai utanA hI puNya bar3hatA hai| puNya ke anubhAga kI vRddhi pApa ke kSaya kI sUcaka hai| puNya ke anubhAga ke ghaTane se pApa karmoM ke sthiti aura anubhAga baMdha niyama se bar3hate haiN| (12) puNya ke anubhAga kA kisI bhI sAdhanA se yahA~ taka ki kevalI samudghAta se bhI kSaya nahIM hotA hai| cAroM aghAtI karmoM kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana cAroM kaSAyoM ke ghaTane se va kSaya se hotA hai| (13) Page #48 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XLVII bhUmikA (14) puNya tyAjya nahIM hai, puNya ke sAtha rahA huA phalAkAMkSA nidAna, bhoktRtvabhAva kartRtvabhAva rUpa kaSAya va pApa tyAjya hai| jaise gehU~ ke sAtha rahe hue kaMkara-miTTI evaM bhUsA tyAjya haiM, gehU~ tyAjya nahIM hai| (15) puNya kA anubhAga bar3hakara catu:sthAnika hue binA samyagdarzana aura utkRSTa hue binA kevalajJAna nahIM hotA hai| ata: puNya AtmavikAsa meM, sAdhanA meM bAdhaka va heya nahIM hai| yaha to hamane paNDita pravara lor3hAjI kI sthApanAoM kI saMkSipta jhalaka dI hai| unhoMne prastuta kRti ke aMta meM aise eka sau ikkIsa tathya prastuta kiye haiM, jo puNya kI upAdeyatA ko siddha karate haiN| vastuta: unakI ye sthApanAe~ kisI pakSa-vizeSa ke khaNDana-maNDana kI dRSTi se nahIM, apitu jaina karma siddhAMta ke graMthoM ke gaMbhIra AloDana kA pariNAma hai| ve mAtra vidvAn nahIM haiM, apitu sAdhaka bhI haiN| unake dvArA isa kRti kI racanA kA prayojana unake antas meM pravAhamAna karuNA kI ajasradhArA hI hai| unakA pratipAdya mAtra yahI hai ki dharma aura AdhyAtmikatA ke nAma para sevA aura karuNA kI sadpravRttiyoM kA samAja se vilopa nahIM ho| kyoMki manuSya kI manuSyatA isI meM hai ki vaha dUsare prANiyoM kA rakSaka bane, unake sukha-duHkha kA sahabhAgI bne| ___vastuta: maiM pUjya lor3hAjI kA atyanta AbhArI hU~ ki unhoMne bhUmikA lekhana kA dAyitva mujhe dekara unakI isa gahana gaMbhIra tAttvika kRti meM avagAhana kA avasara diyaa| ___ anta meM maiM puna: pUjya paM. kanhaiyAlAlajI lor3hA kA vidvajjagat kI ora se abhinandana karate hue yahI apekSA karU~gA ki ve aise ciMtanapUrNa kiMtu bhAvapravaNa lekhanoM ke mAdhyama se hamArA mArgadarzana karate rheN| isake sAtha hI unake ziSya aura mere anujatulya tathA prastuta kRti ke sampAdaka DaoN. dharmacanda Page #49 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ XLVIII puNya-pApa tattva jaina kA aura prakAzaka saMsthA kA bhI AbhArI huuN| isa bhUmikA lekhana meM hu vilamba ke lie maiM na kevala lekhaka, sampAdaka aura prakAzaka saMsthA se apitu una sudhI pAThakoM se bhI kSamAyAcanA karatA hU~ jinheM sudIrgha avadhi taka pratIkSArata rahanA par3A / saMdarbha sUcI abhidhAna rAjendra koSa, khaNDa 5, pRSTha 876 jaina siddhAMta bola-saMgraha, bhAga - 3, pRSTha 182 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. jaina dharma, pRSTha 84 7. samayasAra nATaka utthAnikA, 28 8. bhagavatI sUtra 7/10/121 9. sthAnAMga, 9 10. bhagavadgItA 18.17 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. anuyogadvArasUtra, 129 16. tattvArtha sUtra 6/4 yogazAstra 4/107 sthAnAMga TIkA, 1.11-12 dhammapada, 249 sUtrakRtAMga, 2/6/27-42 jaina dharma, pRSTha 160 darzana aura ciMtana, khaNDa 2, pRSTha 226 dazavaikAlika sUtra, 129 17. sUtrakRtAMga 2/2/4, pRSTha 104 18. dazavaikAlika 6/11 19. karmagrantha, prathama bhAga, bhUmikA, pRSTha 25-26 vaizAkha zuklA 10, vIra nirvANa samvat 2526 (kevalajJAna divasa) zAjApura (ma.pra.) sAgaramala jaina mAnad nidezaka pArzvanAtha vidyApITha, vArANasI Page #50 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (1) puNya tattva : svarUpa aura mahattva 'punAti AtmAnam iti puNyam' arthAt jisase AtmA pavitra ho vaha puNya hai| yaha paribhASA prAcIna kAla se sabhI jainAcAryoM ko mAnya hai, yathA puNNaM pUdapavittA pasatthasivabhaddakhe makallANA / suhasokkhAdI savve NiddiTThA maMgalassa pajjAyA / / artha - - puNya, pUta, pavitra, prazasta, ziva, bhadra, kSema, kalyANa, zubha, saukhya aura maMgala, ye saba samAnArthaka paryAyavAcI zabda kahe gaye haiN| -tiloyapaNNatti, gAthA 8 punAtyAtmAnaM pUyate'neneti vA punnym| artha-jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai yA jisa (kArya) se AtmA pavitra hotI hai, vaha puNya hai| -sarvArthasiddhi 6.3 'pavitrIkarotyAtmAnamiti puNyaM zubhaM karma / ' artha-jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai vaha zubha karma puNya hai| -sthAnAMga-abhayadevasUrivRtti Page #51 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa tattva sammatteNa sudaNANeNa ya viradIe kasAyaniggahaguNehiM jo pariNado so punnnno|| artha-jo samyaktva, zrutajJAna, virati (mahAvrata-saMyama), kaSAyanigraha rUpa guNoM meM pariNata hotA hai, vaha puNya hai| -mUlAcAra, gAthA 234 rayaNatayarUve ajjAkamme dyaaisddhmme| iccevamAigo jo vaTTai so hoi suhbhaavo|| artha-ratnatraya, Arya (zubha-zreSTha) karma, dayA Adi dharma ityAdi bhAvoM se yukta hokara jo vartana karatA hai vaha zubha bhAva hotA hai| -rayaNasAra 65 'puNa' zubhe iti vacanAt' puNati zubhIkaroti, punAti vA ___ pavitrIkarotyAtmAnamiti punnym| arthAt 'puNya' zubha hai, jo AtmA ko zubha karatA hai, punIta va pavitra karatA hai vaha puNya hai| -abhidhAna rAjendra koSa, bhAga 5, pRSTha 991 Azaya yaha hai ki jisase AtmA pavitra hotI hai vaha puNya hai| AtmA pravRtti aura nivRtti donoM se pavitra hotI hai| dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya, vaiyAvRttya, vinamratA, mRdutA, maitrI, upakAra, sevA Adi sabhI sadpravRttiyoM se AtmA pavitra hotI hai evaM saMyama, saMvara, tapa, vratapratyAkhyAna Adi tyAga rUpa nivRtti se bhI AtmA pavitra hotI hai| ataH puNya kA upArjana pravRtti aura nivRtti donoM se hotA hai| sadpravRttiyA~ mana, vacana, tana tathA sadvyavahAra se hotI haiM, jaisA ki kahA hai Page #52 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya tattva : svarUpa aura mahattva 'annapuNNe, pAnapuNNe, layanapuNNe, sayanapuNNe, vatthapuNNe, manapuNNe, vayaNapuNNe, kAyapuNNe, nmokkaarpunnnne|' 3 -ThANAMga sUtra, navama ThANA arthAt anna puNya, pAna puNya, layaNa puNya, zayana puNya, vastra puNya, mana puNya, vacana puNya, kAya puNya, namaskAra puNya ye nava prakAra ke puNya haiN| ina nau prakAra ke puNyoM meM prathama pA~ca puNya vastuoM ke dAna se saMbaMdhita haiN| prANiyoM evaM mAnava kI mUlabhUta AvazyakatAe~ pA~ca haiM-bhUkha, pyAsa, nivAsa, vizrAma aura vstr| ina AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti na hone se prANI du:kha rahate haiM / ina duHkhoM ko dUra karane ke lie bhUkhe ko bhojana khilAnA, pyAse ko pAnI pilAnA, rahane ko sthAna denA, vizrAma meM sahAyatA karanA, pahanane ko vastra denA ye pA~ca puNya vastuoM se saMbaMdhita haiN| mana se dUsaroM kA bhalA vicAranA va sacciMtana karanA mana puNya hai| vacana se hitakArI vacana bolanA va sat carcA karanA vacana puNya hai| kAya se sAdhu, rogI, bAlaka, vRddha evaM asahAya logoM kI sevA karanA kAya puNya hai| saba prANiyoM ke prati namratA kA vyavahAra karanA namaskAra puNya hai| uparyukta sadpravRttiyoM meM dUsaroM ke hita ke lie apane viSaya-sukhoM kI svArthaparatA kA tyAga karanA hotA hai| tyAga se AtmA kA utthAna hotA hai, AtmA pavitra hotI hai / ata: inheM puNya kahA jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jitanA saMyama, tyAga tapa bar3hatA jAtA hai, utanI hI puNya ke phala meM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| 'puNya' ke vibhinna rUpa 'puNya' zabda kA prayoga aneka rUpoM meM hotA hai yathA-puNyatattva, puNya bhAva, puNya pravRtti, puNya Asrava, puNya karmoM kA baMdha (prakRti, sthiti, Page #53 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa tattva anubhAga, pradeza), puNya kA phala aadi| Age inhIM kA saMkSepa meM vivecana kiyA gayA hai| puNya tattva-jina bhAvoM evaM kriyAoM se AtmA pavitra hotI hai unheM puNya kahate haiN| yaha puNya tattva do prakAra kA hotA hai yathA-bhAvAtmaka aura kriyaatmk| bhAvAtmaka puNya tattva-jina bhAvoM se AtmA pavitra hotI hai ve bhAvAtmaka puNya haiN| AtmA pavitra hotI hai kaSAya meM kamI hone se, ahiMsA, saMyama, tapa, tyAga se, viSayoM ke prati vairAgya se aura karuNA anukaMpA Adi bhAvoM se| ye saba bhAva AtmA ko pavitra karane vAle hone se puNya rUpa haiN| kriyAtmaka puNya tattva-kaSAya kI kamI se AvirbhUta kSamA, saralatA, vinamratA, udAratA Adi guNoM kA kriyAtmaka rUpa maitrI, anukaMpA, dayA, vAtsalya, vaiyAvRttya, paropakAra, dAna, sevA-zuzrUSA Adi samasta sadpravRttiyA~ puNya tattva kI kriyAtmaka rUpa haiM, kyoMki ina sabase pApa karmoM kA kSaya evaM puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| puNyAsava-sadbhAvoM evaM sadpravRttiyoM se manuSya gati, paMcendriya jAti, zarIra Adi puNya prakRtiyoM ke karma dalikoM kA jo upArjana hotA hai, vaha puNya kA Asrava kahA jAtA hai| puNya karma kA baMdha puNya karma kA baMdha cAra prakAra kA hai-(1) prakRtibaMdha (2) sthitibaMdha (3) anubhAgabaMdha aura (4) prdeshbNdh| yathA (1) prakRtibaMdha-puNya prakRtiyA~ ATha karmoM meM se vedanIya, Ayu, nAma aura gotra ina cAra karmoM kI hI hotI hai, yathA-vedanIya karma kI sAtA vedanIya, Ayu karma kI tiryaMca-manuSya-deva Ayu, gotra karma kI ucca gotra Page #54 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ --- 5 puNya tattva : svarUpa aura mahattva ----- tathA nAma karma kI manuSya gati, devagati, paMcendriya jAti, audArikavaikriya-AhAraka-taijasa-kArmaNa zarIra, audArika-vaikriya-AhAraka aMgopAMga, vajraRSabhanArAcasaMhanana, samacaturasra saMsthAna, zubha varNa-gaMdha-rasasparza, zubha vihAyogati, deva-manuSya AnupUrvI, agurulaghu, nirmANa, Atapa, udyota, parAghAta, zvAsocchvAsa, tIrthaGkara, trasa, bAdara, paryApta, pratyeka, zubha, subhaga, sthira, susvara, Adeya, yazakIrti ye saiMtIsa prakRtiyA~ aghAtI karmoM kI hai| (2) sthitibaMdha-puNya kI 42 prakRtiyoM meM se tIna Ayu ko chor3akara zeSa samasta prakRtiyoM kA sthitibaMdha kaSAya se hotA hai| kaSAya jitanA adhika hotA hai utanA hI inakA sthiti baMdha adhika hotA hai| parantu ye prakRtiyA~ aghAtI hone se inakA sthiti baMdha jIva ke lie kucha bhI hAnikAraka nahIM hai| ___ (3) anubhAgabaMdha-karma-siddhAnta meM batAyA gayA hai ki pApa kA anubhAga kaSAya se hotA hai, parantu puNya kA anubhAga kaSAya se nahIM hokara kaSAya meM kamI hone se, kaSAya ke ghaTane se hotA hai| jitanA-jitanA kaSAya ghaTatA jAtA hai aura AtmA pavitra hotI jAtI hai utanA-utanA puNya kA anubhAga yA rasa bar3hatA jAtA hai| phaladAna zakti rasa rUpa hone se puNya kA anubhAga hI puNya kA sUcaka hai| ata: jahA~ bhI puNya kA vivecana kiyA jAtA hai vahA~ puNya ke anubhAga aura rasa ko hI grahaNa kiyA jAtA hai, sthiti ko nhiiN| (4) pradeza baMdha-puNya prakRtiyoM ke dalikoM kA ba~dhanA puNya karma kA pradeza baMdha hai| pradeza baMdha nyUnAdhika hone se inake anubhAga meM koI aMtara nahIM par3atA hai arthAt anubhAga nyUnAdhika nahIM hotA hai| ata: karmoM kA pradeza baMdha ke nyUnAdhika hone kA koI mahattva nahIM hai| Page #55 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa tattva puNya kI AvazyakatA sAdhaka ke lie puNya Avazyaka hai| jo puNya nahIM karatA hai vaha dharma nahIM kara sakatA, kyoMki AtmA puNya se hI pavitra hotI hai athavA AtmA kA pavitra honA hI puNya hai tathA puNya ke phala se paMcendriya jAti, mAnava bhava, mana, buddhi Adi milate haiM, tyAga kA bala milatA hai, jisake binA koI bhI jIva mukti nahIM pA sakatA, kyoMki inake binA vaha sAdhanA nahIM kara sktaa| jaisA ki kahA hai iha jIvie rAya ! asAsayammi, dhaNiyaM tu puNNAiM akuvvmaanno| se soyai maccu-muhovaNIe, dhammaM akAUNa paraMmi (si) loe|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 13, gAthA 21 he rAjan ! isa azAzvata mAnava jIvana meM jo pracura puNya karma nahIM karatA hai vaha mRtyu ke mukha meM pahu~cane para soca (cintA-zoka) karatA hai aura vaha dharma na karane ke kAraNa paraloka meM bhI pachatAtA hai| puNya saba pApoM kA nAzaka evaM utkRSTa maMgala hai puNya kA upArjana saMyama rUpa nivRttiparaka sAdhanA se ho athavA dayA, dAna, paropakAra rUpa pravRttiparaka sAdhanA se ho, vaha mukti meM sahAyaka hotA hai, bAdhaka nhiiN| jaisA ki kahA hai namo arihaMtANaM, namo siddhANaM, namo AyariyANaM, namo uvajjhAyANaM, namo loe svvsaahuunnN| eso paMca namokkAro, savvapAvappaNAsaNo, maMgalANaM ca savvesiM, paDhamaM havai mNglN|| arihanta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya evaM sAdhu ina pA~coM ko namaskAra karane rUpa puNya saba pApoM kA nAza karane vAlA hai tathA sarvotkRSTa maMgala hai arthAt namaskAra rUpa puNya muktipradAtA evaM kalyANakArI hai| Page #56 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya tattva : svarUpa aura mahattva ---- -------- 7 puNyena tIrthaGkarazriyaM paramAM naiHzreyasIM caashnute| artha-puNya se tIrthaGkara kI zrI prApta hotI hai aura parama kalyANa rUpa mokSa lakSmI bhI puNya se milatI hai| -padmapurANa, sarga 30, zloka 28 suha-suddhapariNAmehi kammakkhayAbhAve tkkhyaannuvvttiido| artha-yadi zubha yA zuddha pariNAmoM arthAt puNya se karmoM kA kSaya na mAnA jAya to phira karmoM kA kSaya ho hI nahIM sktaa| -jayadhavalA, pustaka 1, pRSTha 6 mokSaM yAti, paramapuNyAtizaya-cAritra-vizeSAtmakapauruSAbhyAmeva sNbhvaat| artha-arthAt mokSa kI prApti parama puNya aura cAritra rUpa puruSArtha ke dvArA hI saMbhava hai| puNyaM dAnAdikriyopArjanIyaM zubhaM krm| ___ artha-dAnAdi kriyAoM se upArjita kiyA jAne vAlA zubha karma puNya hai| -syAdvAdamaMjarI, 27 puNya kA phala puNya kA phala do prakAra se milatA hai-(1) ghAtI karmoM ke kSaya ke rUpa meM aura (2) aghAtI karmoM kI zubha prakRtiyoM ke upArjana ke rUpa meN| yaha niyama hai ki AtmA jitanI pavitra hotI hai utanA hI ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya hotA jAtA hai aura aghAtI karmoM kI zubha prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga baDhatA jAtA hai, jo jIva ke prANoM ke vikAsa kA dyotaka evaM sAdhanA meM sahayogI hotA hai| 000 Page #57 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (2) pApa tattva : svarUpa aura bheda pApa va puNya kA saMbaMdha pravRtti se hai| pravRtti do prakAra kI hotI hai-(1) duSpravRtti aura (2) sdprvRtti| jisa pravRtti se ahita ho, hAni ho, du:kha ho, patana ho vaha duSpravRtti hai, pApa hai| "pAtayati AtmAnaM iti pApam" isa vyutpatti ke anusAra jisa pravRtti se AtmA kA patana ho, hAni ho, ahita ho vaha doSa hai, vaha pApa hai| doSa yukta pravRtti ko duSpravRtti kahA jAtA hai| doSa, adharma, pApa, duSkarma, duSpravRtti Adi zabda paryAyavAcI haiN| duSkarma cAhe mana kA ho, cAhe vacana ko ho, cAhe kAyA kA ho, sabhI pApa haiM, doSa haiM, adharma haiM, bure haiN| koI bhI apane ko doSI, pApI, duSTa kahalAnA pasaMda nahIM karatA hai| ata: doSa, pApa yA burAI ke tyAga meM hI apanA hita hai, kalyANa hai| hamAre prati kI gaI jisa kriyA ko, pravRtti ko, vyavahAra ko hama burA mAnate haiM vaha doSa hai, burAI hai, pApa hai| jaise koI hameM mAratA-pITatA hai, kaSTa detA hai, pIr3A pahu~cAtA hai, jhUTha bolatA hai, hamArI corI karatA hai, hameM ThagatA hai, hAni pahuMcAtA hai, dhokhA detA hai, hamAre para krodha karatA hai, dveSa karatA hai, hamArI nindA karatA hai, burAI karatA hai, hamArA burA karatA hai to hama sabako usakA mAranA-pITanA, jhUTha bolanA, corI karanA Adi ye saba pravRttiyA~ yA vyavahAra bure lagate haiN| hama ina saba kAryoM va ina kAryoM Page #58 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ .... 9 pApa tattva : svarUpa aura bheda --- ko karane vAloM ko burA samajhate haiN| ata: ye saba duSkarma va pApa haiN| yaha jJAna bAlaka se vRddha taka, ajJa se vijJa taka, mAnava mAtra ko svata: prApta hai, isameM kisI guru va grantha kI apekSA nahIM hai| ata: yaha jJAna svayaM-siddha hai, svAbhAvika jJAna hai, kisI kI dena nahIM hai, nijajJAna hai| svaMya siddha hone se isa jJAna ke lie anya kisI bhI pramANa kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| yaha naisargika niyama hai ki jaisA bIja boyA jAtA hai vaisA hI phala lagatA hai| uparyukta saba kArya bure haiM, ata: ina sabakA phala burA, aniSTa va du:kha rUpa hI milatA hai| ata: jinheM duHkha se, aniSTa se bacanA iSTa hai unheM ina saba duSkarmoM se, pApoM se bacanA hI hogaa| koI pApa bhI kare aura usake pariNAma se du:kha na pAve yaha kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| pApa ke tyAga se hI du:kha se mukti pAnA saMbhava hai, du:kha se mukti pAne kA anya koI upAya nahIM hai| ata: pApa ke tyAga meM hI sabakA kalyANa hai| jaina dharma meM Avazyaka sUtra ke anusAra pApa aThAraha haiM yathA-(1) prANAtipAta-hiMsA karanA (2) mRSAvAda-jhUTha bolanA (3) adattAdAna-corI karanA (4) maithuna (5) parigraha (6) krodha (7) mAna (8) mAyA (9) lobha (10) rAga (11) dveSa (12) kalaha (13) abhyAkhyAna-jhUThA kalaMka lagAnA (14) paizunyacugalI karanA (15) para-parivAda-niMdA (16) rati-arati (17) mAyAmRSAvAda-kapaTayukta jhUTha bolanA aura (18) mithyAdarzana shly| ___ (1) prANAtipAta-prANoM kA atipAta karanA prANAtipAta hai| prANa dasa haiM-pA~ca indiyA~, mana, vacana, kAyA, zvAsocchvAsa evaM aayussy| inameM se kisI bhI prANa kA hanana karanA hiMsA yA prANAtipAta hai| prANoM ke atipAta se pIr3A hotI hai| pIr3A kisI ko bhI pasaMda nahIM hai| paira meM eka kA~TA cubha jAya, kapar3e meM eka ghAsa kI salI A jAya to usakI pIr3A bhI sahana nahIM hotii| jaba taka kA~TA na nikAla diyA jAya, salI dUra na Page #59 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 10 puNya-pApa tattva kara dI jAya, caina nahIM par3atA hai| jaba paira kI aMgulI meM eka kA~TA cubhane se bhI itanI pIr3A hotI hai to pUrI aMgulI kATane meM kitanI bhayaMkara pIr3A hotI hai, ise to bhuktabhogI hI jAna sakatA hai / aMgulI se bhI adhika bhayaMkara pIr3A paira kA phAbA kATane meM hotI hai| usase bhI bhayaMkara pIr3A pUre paira ko kATane meM hotI hai| usase bhI bhayaMkara aneka guNI vedanA pUre zarIra ko mArane meM hotI hai| usa samaya marane meM jo asahya bhayaMkara pIr3A hotI hai usakA to hama anumAna bhI nahIM lagA skte| apane prati kiye gaye jisa kArya ko hama burA samajhate haiM vahI kArya jaba hama dUsaroM ke prati karate haiM to kyA hamArA vaha kArya burA nahIM hogA ? avazya hogA aura burA kArya karane vAlA vyakti burA hotA hI hai, ata: hama bhI bure ho hI gye| yaha sarvamAnya hai ki burA honA, burA kahalAnA kisI ko bhI pasaMda nahIM hai| burAI ko sabhI tyAjya mAnate haiN| ata: isa sarvamAnya siddhAnta ko svIkAra kara hiMsA kI burAI jo sabase bhayaMkara pApa hai, isase bacanA caahiye| isI meM hamArA va sabakA hita hai / ata: sabhI kA hita 'jIo aura jIne do' ke siddhAnta ko svIkAra karane meM hai| yahI bhagavAna mahAvIra kA upadeza hai| zarIra ke kisI bhI eka aMga ko kSati yA hAni pahu~canA bhayaMkara hAni hai| kAraNa ki zarIra kA pratyeka aMga bahumUlya hai| kisI garIba vyakti se bhI kaheM ki tuma do lAkha rupaye le lo aura apanI donoM A~kheM de do to vaha isa prastAva ko svIkAra na kregaa| isase yaha pariNAma nikalA ki usakI A~khoM kA mUlya do lAkha rupaye se bhI adhika hai| jaba A~khoM kA hI mUlya do lAkha rupaye se adhika hai to pUre zarIra kA mUlya to kitanA adhika hogA, hama kalpanA bhI nahIM kara skte| hama kisI ko karor3oM, kitane hI rupaye deM taba bhI vaha apanA zarIra dene ko taiyAra nahIM hogaa| isase araboM yA Page #60 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pApa tattva : svarUpa aura bheda yaha siddha hotA hai ki kisI bhI vyakti kA zarIra amUlya nidhi hai| usakI ghAta karanA amUlya nidhi ko hAni pahu~cAnA hai, jo bahuta bar3I kSati hai / itanI bar3I kSati karanA, bhayaMkara doSa yA pApa hai| 11 jIvoM ke zarIra kA hanana karanA to hiMsA hai hI, unako kaSTa denA, hAni pahu~cAnA bhI hiMsA hai| hiMsA ke agaNita rUpa haiM, jaise mAranA, pITanA, kaSTa denA, yuddha karanA, zastroM kA nirmANa karanA, zakti se adhika zrama lenA, nakalI davAIyA~ banAnA, prasAdhana sAmagrI ke lie pazu-pakSiyoM ko pIr3A pahu~cAnA, atyAcAra karanA Adi sabhI utpIr3aka kArya hiMsA ke hI vividha rUpa haiN| ,, prANAtipAta do prakAra kA hai - 1. sva-prANAtipAta 2. prpraannaatipaat| sva prANAtipAta bhI dravya aura bhAva kI apekSA se do prakAra kA hai-krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rAga-dveSa Adi dUSita bhAvoM se apane jJAna, darzana, kSamA, namratA, saralatA, santoSa Adi guNoM kA atipAta honA, ghAta honA bhAva sva-prANAtipAta hai| viSaya kaSAya ke sevana meM apanI indriyoM kI prANazakti kA hrAsa honA dravya sva-prANAtipAta hai| para prANAtipAta bhI do prakAra kA hai - apane krUratA, kaThoratA, nirdayatA Adi durvyavahAra se dUsaroM ke hRdaya ko AghAta laganA, unameM zatrutA, dveSa, saMgharSa kA bhAva paidA honA para bhAva-prANAtipAta hai| dUsaroM ke zarIra, indriya Adi prANoM kA hanana karanA para dravya - prANAtipAta hai| kisI ke durbhAva va duSpravRtti se dUsaroM kA ahita nahIM ho, taba bhI svayaM ke prANoM kA atipAta ho hI jAtA hai, use prANAtipAta kA pApa laga hI jAtA hai| (2) mRSAvAda-jhUTha bolanA / jo bAta jaisI dekhI hai, sunI hai va jAnate haiM use usI rUpa meM na kahakara viparIta rUpa meM yA anya rUpa meM kahanA mRSAvAda hai| mRSAvAda ke aneka rUpa haiM - kisI para kalaMka lagAnA, dharohara Page #61 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 12 ----- ---- puNya-pApa tattva va giravI kI vastu har3apa jAnA, mRSA upadeza denA, bahakAnA, bhrAmaka vacana bolanA, uttejanAtmaka bhASaNa denA, janatA ko bargalAnA, hAnikAraka vastu ko guNa yukta lAbhakArI vastu kahakara becanA, jhUThe vijJApana denA, vAde se mukara jAnA, svArtha ke lie apane vacana ko palaTa denA Adi mithyA bhAva AnA bhI mRSAvAda hai| (3) adattAdAna-corI karanA, dUsaroM kI vastu kA apaharaNa karanA va balAt adhikAra jamA lenA, kama tolanA-mApanA, acchI vastu dikhAkara burI vastu denA, vastu meM milAvaTa karanA, laoNTarI, ciTa-phaMDa, juA Adi se logoM kA dhana haraNa karanA, dhokhAdhar3I karanA, adhika zrama karavAkara kama pArizramika denA, zoSaNa karanA, jeba kATanA, DAkA DAlanA, lUTapATa karanA, acchA namUnA dikhAkara nakalI vastu denA, puraskAra kA lobha dekara pha~sAnA, sAhityika corI karanA Adi corI ke aneka rUpa haiN| mukti, zAMti, svAdhInatA, prasannatA Adi apane guNoM kA apaharaNa honA bhI adattAdAna hai| isase avizvAsa kI utpati hotI hai jo bhArI hAni hai| (4) maithuna-kAma-vikAra meM pravRtta honA, saMbhoga karanA, maithuna hai| maithuna ke aneka prakAra haiM, yathA-rati krIr3A karanA, vezyAgamana karanA, parastrI gamana karanA, vyabhicAra sevana karanA, balAtkAra karanA, samaliMgI ke sAtha saMbhoga karanA, azlIla philma dekhanA, tIvra nazIlI vastuoM kA sevana kara kAmottejana karanA, nagna nRtya dekhanA Adi maithuna ke aneka rUpa haiN| AtmabhAva bhUlanA, nija svarUpa kI vismRti honA aura para se saMga va bhoga karanA bhI maithuna hai| isase AkulatA udvega utpanna hotA hai jisase citta kI zAMti va samatA bhaMga hotI hai| (5) parigraha-vastuoM kA saMgraha karanA parigraha hai| parigraha ke asaMkhya rUpa haiM yathA-bhUmi, bhavana va sikkoM kA saMgraha, vastroM kA saMgraha, mUrtiyoM kA Page #62 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ----- 13 pApa tattva : svarUpa aura bheda ------ saMgraha, purAnI vastuoM kA saMgraha, bhoga-upabhoga kI vastuoM kA saMgraha, pazuoM kA saMgraha, khAdya vastuoM kA saMgraha, vAhanoM kA saMgraha Adi, yaha dravya parigraha hai| bhoga sAmagrI ke prati mamatA honA bhAva parigraha hai| isase mUrchAbhAvajar3atA, parAdhInatA Adi doSoM va du:khoM kI utpatti hotI hai| (6) krodha-kSubdha honA krodha hai| apanI mana cAhI sthiti nahIM hone para athavA anacAhI hone para gussA karanA, khinna honA, gAlI denA, burA-bhalA kahanA, gusse meM karttavya akarttavya kA bhAna bhUla jAnA, gusse se hoThoM kA phar3akanA, A~kheM lAla honA Adi krodha ke aneka rUpa haiN| kAmanA utpatti se azAMta va khinna honA bhI krodha hai| isase prasannatA kA hanana va khinnatA rUpa du:kha hotA hai| (7) mAna-ahaMkAra karanA mAna hai| jAti, kula, bala, rUpa, zakti, sampatti, jJAna, vidyA, buddhi, yogyatA, bhASaNa, pada Adi kA mada karanA, sammAna cAhanA, abhinaMdana cAhanA, apane ko mahAn aura dUsaroM ko hIna samajhanA, apanA guNa-gaurava gAnA yA dUsaroM se guNa gAthA karAnA, use sunakara harSa honA, apamAna kA burA laganA, apane ko asAmAnya mAnanA Adi mAna ke agaNita prakAra haiN| mRdutA ko kho denA, bheda va bhinnatA kA bhAva paidA honA, para yA vinAzI vastuoM, yogyatA va pAtratA ke AdhAra para apanA mUlyAMkana karanA bhI mAna hai| isase bheda-bhinnatA va alagAva rUpa doSa va du:kha utpanna hote haiN| (8) mAyA-kapaTa karanA yA dhokhA denA mAyA hai| apane svArtha ke lie dUsaroM ko bhulAve meM DAlanA, dUsaroM se lekha va pustakeM likhavA kara usa para apanA nAma denA, Upara se madhura bolanA, bhItara kaTutA bharA honA, AzvAsana dekara usase mukara jAnA, vizvAsaghAta karanA, jhUThA pradarzana karanA, kUTanIti karanA Adi mAyA ke aneka rUpa haiN| RjutA-saralatA Page #63 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 14 --- puNya-pApa tattva sahajatA, svAbhAvikatA na hokara vakratA-kRtrimatA-kuTilatA honA bhI mAyA hai| isase mitratA kA viccheda va vairabhAva kI utpatti hotI hai| (9) lobha-pralobhana vRtti kA honA lobha hai| aprApta ko prApta karane kI kAmanA, prApta ko banAye rakhanA, saMcaya vRtti, lAbha kI icchA Adi lobha ke aneka prakAra haiN| sukha kA pralobhana bhI lobha hai| lobhavRtti se abhAva kA anubhava hotA hai jo daridratA kA dyotaka hai| (10) rAga-kisI bhI vastu, vyakti, sthiti Adi kI anukUlatA ke prati AkarSaNa honA rAga hai| para padArthoM ke prati Asakti, viSaya-sukha kI abhilASA bhI rAga hI hai| rAga Aga hai jo AtmA ko sadaiva prajvalita karatI rahatI hai| rAga ThaMDI Aga hai| (11) dveSa-pratikUlatA ke prati aruci honA dveSa hai| vastu, vyakti, paristhiti kI pratikUlatA meM usake prati durbhAva honA, usakA vinAza cAhanA, use burA samajhanA, una para Akroza honA, burA jAnanA Adi dveSa ke aneka rUpa haiN| (12) kalaha-jhagar3A karanA kalaha hai| kalaha apane lie saMtApakArI evaM dUsaroM ke lie paritApakArI aura sabhI ke lie azAMtikArI hotA hai| asahiSNutA, pratispardhA, saMgharSa, dvandva Adi isake aneka rUpa haiN| ___(13) abhyAkhyAna-dUsaroM para jhUThA Aropa lagAnA abhyAkhyAna hai| kisI para kalaMka lagAnA, badanAma karanA, nIcA dikhAnA, doSAropaNa karanA Adi isake aneka rUpa haiN| (14) paizunya-cugalI khAnA paizunya hai| idhara kI bAta udhara karanA, do vyaktiyoM ko lar3A denA, paraspara bhir3A denA Adi paizunya ke aneka rUpa haiN| (15) paraparivAda-dUsaroM kI niMdA karanA paraparivAda hai| kisI kI Page #64 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ----- 15 pApa tattva : svarUpa aura bheda ------ niMdA karanA, para-doSa darzana karanA, para ko hIna dRSTi se dekhanA Adi isake aneka rUpa haiN| (16) rati-arati-anukUlatA ke prati ruci 'rati' tathA pratikUlatA ke prati aruci 'arati' hai| anukUlatA meM prasanna honA, pratikUlatA meM khinna honA, anukUlatA ko banAye rakhane kI ruci, pratikUlatA ko dUra karane kI icchA Adi isake aneka rUpa haiN| (17) mAyA-mRSAvAda-kapaTa sahita jhUTha bolanA arthAt bhItara meM kuTilatA rakhakara Upara se madhura bolnaa| cAlAkI se bAta karanA, dhokhA bharI vANI bolanA, kUTanIti bharI bAteM karanA Adi mAyA mRSA ke aneka rUpa haiN| satya ko jAnate hue asatya AcaraNa karanA bhI mAyA mRSAvAda hai| (18) mithyAdarzana zalya-mithyAtva yukta pravRtti mithyAdarzana zalya hai| deha meM Atma buddhi honA, dhana-saMpatti Adi kI parAdhInatA meM svAdhInatA mAnanA, Adi mithyAdarzana zalya ke aneka rUpa haiN| svabhAva ko vibhAva aura vibhAva ko svabhAva mAnanA bhI mithyAdarzana hai| uparyukta aThAraha pApoM kA vivecana sthUla dRSTi se saMkSipta rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| vaha pravRtti jo AtmA se vimukha karatI hai, bahirmukhI banAtI hai, para kI ora abhimukha karatI hai, saba pApa hai| uparyukta sabhI pApa bure haiM, yaha jJAna svayaM siddha hai| kyoMki koI bhI mAnava burA nahIM kahalAnA cAhatA hai, yaha bhI sarva vidita hai| aba prazna yaha upasthita hotA hai ki phira hama ye bure kAma karate kyoM hai ? kahanA hogA ki hama apane viSaya-sukha kI pUrti ke lie ina saba pApoM ko karate haiN| ina pApoM ke phalasvarUpa du:kha milegA to phira dekhA jAyegA, use bhoga leMge, abhI to sukha bhoga leN| isa prakAra hama kSaNika viSaya sukha kI dAsatA meM itane Abaddha haiM ki apane jJAna kA anAdara kara viSaya-sukha sAmagrI kI Page #65 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 16 ------ --- puNya-pApa tattva prApti ke lie ina duSkarmoM ko, doSoM ko, pApoM ko apanAte haiN| sAtha hI sAtha duHkha bhI pAte rahate haiN| isa prakAra viSaya-sukha ke sAtha duHkha bhogate huye ananta kAla bIta gayA, parantu na to viSaya-sukha kI pUrti huI aura na du:kha se mukti milii| yadi hama Age bhI viSaya-sukha ke AdhIna ho aisA hI karate raheMge to Age bhI hamArI yahI sthiti rhegii| hameM jo sukha milegA vaha to kSaNika hone se nahIM rahegA aura hama du:kha pAte hI rheNge| mAnavajIvana du:kha rahita hone ke lie milA hai, yahI isa jIvana kI vizeSatA hai| ata: yadi hamane du:kha rahita sukhamaya jIvana nahIM jIyA to samajhanA cAhiye ki hamArA jIvana vyartha hI gayA, kAraNa ki sukha-duHkha yukta jIvana to pazu bhI jItA hai, phira hamAre meM pazu ke jIvana se kyA vizeSatA aaii| ata: hama viSaya-sukhoM evaM inase jur3e hue duSkarmoM-pApoM kA tyAga kara akSaya, avyAbAdha, ananta sukhamaya jIvana jIyeM, isI meM hamAre jIvana kI sArthakatA tathA sapha latA hai| mAnava viSaya-sukha kA tyAga kara jisa kSaNa cAhe usI kSaNa avyAbAdha, anaMta sukha kA AsvAdana kara sakatA hai| tyAga ke lie vastu, vyakti, paristhiti, sthAna, samaya, abhyAsa, zrama Adi kisI kI bhI AvazyakatA yA apekSA nahIM hai, ata: mAnava tyAga karane meM samartha aura svAdhIna hai| phira bhI tyAga ko na apanAkara duHkhI rahe, yaha kitane Azcarya kI, kitanI khinnatA kI bAta hai; kitanI karuNAjanaka aura azobhanIya sthiti hai| vastuta: tyAga hI jIvana hai, viSaya bhoga hI mRtyu hai| jitanAjitanA tyAga bar3hatA jAyegA utanA-utanA pApa ghaTatA jaayegaa| tyAga kA bar3hanA aura pApa kA ghaTanA yugapat hai| ata: pApa ke tyAga se hI zAMti va mukti ke zAzvata sukha kI prApti hotI hai| 000 Page #66 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (3) pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM sampUrNa AgamoM kA sAra pApoM kA tyAga karanA hai| pApoM ke tyAga meM hI jIva kA kalyANa hai aura pApoM ke sevana meM hI akalyANa evaM ahita hai| sAdhanA meM sarvatra pApa ke tyAga kA hI vidhAna hai, puNya ke tyAga kA vidhAna kahIM bhI nahIM hai| sAdhanA kA prAraMbha hotA hai sAmAyika se, samatva se| sAmAyika ke pratijJA pATha meM 'sAvajjaM jogaM paccakkhAmi' AyA hai isakA artha hai sAvadyayoga-pApakArI pravRtti kA tyAga karatA haiN| isa pratijJA pATha se puNya pravRtti ke tyAga kA kahIM bhI vidhAna nahIM hai| sAdhanA ke kSetra meM Age bhI jitane pATha haiM unameM pApoM ke tyAga kA hI vidhAna hai| kisI bhI pATha meM kisI puNya pravRtti ke tyAga kA Adeza-nirdeza, upadeza nahIM hai| yahA~ taka ki sAdhanA kA aMtima carama bindu saMlekhanA hai| usake pratijJA pATha meM bhI 'savvaM pANAivAyaM jAva micchAdasaNa sallaM paccakkhAmi' pATha AyA hai| isameM bhI aThAraha hI pApa kA tyAga kiyA gayA hai| puNya ke tyAga kA yahA~ para bhI koI vidhAna nahIM hai| isase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki puNya ke tyAga kA sAdhanA meM kahIM bhI koI sthAna nahIM hai| yaha tathya nimnAGkita Agama uddharaNoM se bhI puSTa hotA hai yathA (1) kahaM NaM bhaMte! jIvA guruyattaM havvamAgacchaMti? goyamA! pANAivAeNaM musAvAeNaM adi. mehuNaM. mAyAmosamicchAdaMsaNasalleNaM, evaM khalu goyamA! jIvA guruyattaM hvvmaagcchNti| kahaM NaM bhaMte! jIvA lahuyattaM havvamA Page #67 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 18 ------ -- puNya-pApa tattva gacchanti? goyamA! pANAivAyaveramaNeNaM jAva micchAdasaNasallaveramaNaM evaM khalu goyamA! jIvA lahuyattaM havvamAgacchanti, evaM saMsAraM AulIkareMti evaM parittIkareMti dIhIkareMti hassIkareMti evaM aNupariyaTuMti evaM viiivyNti| pasatthA cattAri appasatthA cttaari|| -bhagavatI zataka 1, uddezaka 9, sUtra 72 tathA zataka 12, uddezaka 2, sUtra 442 artha-bhagavan, jIva kisa prakAra gurutva-bhArIpana ko prApta hote hai? gautama! prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda Adi aThAraha pApoM kA sevana karane se jIva zIghra gurutva ko prApta hote haiN| bhagavan ! jIva kisa prakAra laghutva ko prApta hote hai? gautama! prANAtipAta Adi aThAraha pApoM ke tyAga se zIghra laghutva (halakApana) ko prApta hote haiN| isa prakAra prANAtipAta Adi pApoM kA sevana karane se jIva (1) gurutva ko prApta hote haiM, (2) saMsAra ko bar3hAte haiM, (3) saMsAra ko lambe kAla kA karate haiM aura (4) bAra-bAra bhava-bhramaNa karate haiM tathA prANAtipAta Adi pApoM kA tyAga karane se jIva (1) laghutva ko prApta karate haiM, (2) saMsAra ko ghaTAte haiM, (3) saMsAra ko alpakAlIna karate haiM aura (4) saMsAra ko pAra kara jAte haiN| inameM se cAra (halakApana Adi) prazasta haiM aura cAra (bhArIpana Adi) aprazasta haiN| (2) koho pIiM paNAsei, mANo vinnynaasnno| mAyA mittANi nAsei, loho svvvinnaasnno|| __-dazavaikAlika 8.38 krodha prIti ko naSTa karatA hai, mAna vinaya kA nAza karatA hai, mAyA mitratA kA nAza karatI hai aura lobha sarvasva naSTa kara detA hai| (3) pUyaNaTThA jasokAmI, maannsmmaannkaame| bahuM pasavai pAvaM, mAyAsallaM ca kuvvi|| ___-dazavaikAlika sUtra, 5.2.35 apanI pUjA-pratiSThA cAhane vAlA, yaza kI kAmanA karane vAlA Page #68 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM ----- ------ 19 tathA mAna-sammAna kI abhilASA rakhane vAlA bahuta pApa upArjana karatA hai aura mAyA zalya kA AcaraNa karatA hai| (4) suvaNNarUppassa u pavvayA bhave, siyA hu kelAsasamA asNkhyaa| narassa luddhassa na tehiM kiMci, icchA hu AgAsasamA annNtiyaa|| __ kailAza parvata ke samAna sone-cA~dI ke asaMkhya parvata hoM aura ve mila jAyeM to bhI lobhI manuSya ko kiMcit mAtra tuSTi nahIM hotI, kyoMki icchA AkAza ke samAna anaMta hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 9, gAthA 48 (5) sallaM kAmA visaM kAmA, kAmA aasiivisovmaa| kAme ya patthemANA, akAmA jaMti doggiN|| kAma-bhoga zalya ke samAna haiM aura dRSTi-viSa sarpa ke samAna hai| kAma-bhoga kI abhilASA karane vAle, kAma-bhAoga na bhogane para bhI durgati ko prApta hote haiM arthAt du:khI hote haiN| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 9, gAthA 53 (6) je kei sarIre sattA, vaNNe rUve ya svvso| maNasA kAya-vakkeNaM, savve te dukkhsNbhvaa|| jo koI prANI mana, vacana aura kAyA se zarIra, rUpa, varNa Adi meM Asakta haiM, ve du:kha ke bhAjana haiM arthAt unheM duHkha bhoganA hI par3atA hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 6, gAthA 12 (7) khaNamettasokkhA bahukAladukkhA, pagAmadukkhA annigaamsokkhaa| saMsAramokkhassa vipakkhabhUyA, khANI aNatthANa u kaambhogaa|| kAma-bhoga kSaNabhara sukha dene vAle haiM aura bahuta samaya taka du:kha dene vAle haiN| kAmabhoga atyalpa sukha dene vAle haiM aura atyanta du:kha dene vAle haiN| ye saMsAra se mukti pAne vAle ke lie virodhI haiM aura samasta anarthoM kI khAna haiN| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 14, gAthA 13 Page #69 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 20 - --- puNya-pApa tattva (8) jahA kiMpAgaphalANaM pariNAmo na suNdro| evaM bhuttANa bhogANaM, pariNAmo na suNdro|| jaise kiMpAka nAmaka phala ke bhakSaNa kA pariNAma acchA nahIM hotA hai arthAt halAhala viSa kA kAma karatA hai, usI prakAra bhoge hue viSaya bhogoM kA pariNAma bhI atyanta kaSTa pradAyaka evaM aniSTa janaka hotA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki bhoga Upara se bar3e suhAvane, lubhAvane, suMdara, sukhada evaM madhura lagate haiM, paraMtu unakA pariNAma bar3A du:khada hotA hai| saMsAra ke samasta du:khoM kA kAraNa kAma-bhoga hI haiN| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 19, gAthA 18 (9) uvalevo hoi bhogesu, abhogI novlippi| bhogI bhamai saMsAre, abhogI vippmucci|| prANI kAma-bhoga bhogane se karmoM meM lipta hotA hai| abhogI karmoM se lipta nahIM hotA hai| bhogI saMsAra meM bhramaNa karatA hai, bhaTakatA hai| abhogI saMsAra se mukta ho jAtA hai, pAra ho jAtA hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 25, gAthA 41 (10) uvasameNa haNe kohaM, mANaM maddavayA jinne| mAyamajjavabhAveNa, lobhaM saMtosao jinne|| krodha ko upazama se arthAt zAMti evaM kSamA se jItanA caahie| mAna ko mRdutA se arthAt vinamratA evaM komalatA se jItanA caahie| mAyA ko Arjava se arthAt RjutA evaM saralatA se jItanA cAhie tathA lobha ko saMtoSa se arthAt niSkAma bhAva se jItanA caahie| -dazavaikAlika sUtra 8.39 (11) jahA kumme saaMgAI, sae dehe smaahre| evaM pAvAiM mehAvI, ajjhappeNa smaahre||16|| Page #70 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM -------- -------- 21 sAhare hatthapAe ya, maNaM paMciMdiyANi y| pAvagaM ca pariNAmaM, bhAsAdosaM ca taarisN||17|| jaise kachuA apane aMgoM ko apane zarIra meM saMkucita kara letA hai, usI prakAra buddhimAna puruSa ko adhyAtma-bhAvanA meM apane pApoM ko saMkucita kara lenA caahie| -sUtrakRtAMga 1.8.16-17 jJAnIjana, kachue kI bhA~ti hAtha-paira Adi aMgoM ko, mana ko, pA~coM indriyoM ko, bhASA ko evaM bhAvoM ko pApa-pravRttiyoM se roka lete haiN| jayaM care jayaM ciTTe, jayamAse jayaM se| jayaM bhuMjaMto bhAsaMto, pAvakammaM na bNdhi|| yatanA se cale, yatanA se khar3A rahe, yatanA se baiThe, yatanA se soe, yatanA se khAe aura yatanA pUrvaka bole to pApa karma kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| -dazavaikAlika sUtra, 4.8 savvabhUyappabhUyassa, sammaM bhUyAiM paaso| pihiyAsavassa daMtassa, pAva kammaM na bNdhi|| jo saba jIvoM ko apane samAna samajhatA hai aura apane samAna dekhatA hai, isase vaha Asrava ko roka detA hai| aisI jitendriya AtmA ko pApa karma kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| ___ -dazavaikAlika sUtra, 4.9 kAyaguttayAe NaM bhaMte! jIve kiM jaNayai? kAyaguttayAe NaM saMvaraM jnnyi| saMvareNaM kAyagutte puNo pAvAsavanirohaM krei|| kAyagupti se jIva ko kyA prApta hotA hai? kAyagupti se jIva saMvara (azubha Asrava pravRtti ke nirodha) ko prApta hotA hai| saMvara se kAyagupta hokara (sAdhaka) phira se hone vAle pApAsrava kA nirodha karatA hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 55 Page #71 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 22 - ------ puNya-pApa tattva vaMdaNaeNaM bhaMte! jIve kiM jaNayai? vaMdaNaeNaM nIyAgoyaM kammaM khvei| uccAgoyaM kammaM nibNdhi| sohaggaM ca NaM apaDihayaM ANAphalaM nivvattei dAhiNabhAvaM ca NaM jnnyi|| bhaMte! vaMdanA se jIva kyA upalabdha karatA hai| vaMdanA se jIva nIca gotra karma kA kSaya karatA hai evaM ucca gotra kA baMdha karatA hai| vaha apratihata saubhAgya ko prApta karatA hai, usakI AjJA (sarvatra) abAdhita hotI hai (arthAt AjJA zirodhArya ho, aisA phala prApta hotA hai) tathA dAkSiNyabhAva (janatA ke dvArA anukUla bhAva) ko prApta karatA hai| yahA~ puNya kA baMdhana upAdeya kahA hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 10 namo arihaMtANaM, namo siddhANaM, namo AyariyANaM, namo uvajjhAyANaM, namo loe savvasAhUNaM, eso paMca namukkAro, savvApAvappaNAsaNo, maMgalANaM ca savvesiM, paDhama havaI mNglN| arihaMtoM ko namaskAra ho, siddhoM ko namaskAra ho, AcAryoM ko namaskAra ho, upAdhyAyoM ko namaskAra ho, saba sAdhuoM ko namaskAra ho| aise pA~ca namaskAra sarva pApoM kA nAza karane vAle haiM, maMgalakArI haiM aura saba maMgaloM meM zreSTha maMgala haiN| uparyukta namaskAra sUtra meM namaskAra puNya ko saba pApoM kA nAza karane vAlA tathA zreSTha maMgalakArI kahA hai| isase spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki puNya se pApa kA kSaya hotA hai| egao viraI kujjA, egao ya pvttnnN| asaMjame niyattiM ca, saMjame ya pvttnnN|| eka se nivRtti kare aura eka meM pravRtti kare arthAt asaMyama se nivRtti kare aura saMyama meM pravRtti kre| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 31, gAthA 2 Page #72 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ---- 23 pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM ----- ___ yahA~ sAdhu ke lie sadpravRtti-zubhayoga-puNya ke AcaraNa kA vidhAna hai, niSedha nahIM hai| rAgadose ya do pAve, paavkmmpvttnne| ___ je bhikkhU ruMbhai NiccaM, se Na acchai mNddle|| pApa karma meM pravRtti karAne vAle rAga aura dveSa ye do pApa haiN| jo sAdhu sadA inheM rokatA hai vaha saMsAra sAgara meM paribhramaNa nahIM karatA hai| yahA~ pApa aura pApa pravRtti ke tyAga se saMsAra paribhramaNa kA niSedha honA kahA hai, puNya pravRtti ke tyAga se nhiiN| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 31, gAthA 3 daMDANaM gAravANaM ca, sallANaM ca tiyaM tiyN| je bhikkhU cayai NiccaM, se Na acchai mNddle|| jo sAdhu tIna daMDa, tIna gArava tathA tIna zalya ko sadaiva chor3a detA hai, vaha saMsAra meM paribhramaNa nahIM krtaa| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 31, gAthA 4 asuhAdo viNivittiM, suhe pavittiM, ya jANa caarittN| arthAt azubha se nivRtti aura zubha meM pravRtti ko hI cAritra smjho| jahA u pAvagaM kammaM, rAga dos-smjjiyN| khavei tavasA bhikkhU, tamegaggamaNo sunn|| rAga-dveSa se utpanna hue pApa karmoM kA jisa prakAra, sAdhu tapa ke dvArA kSaya kara detA hai, use ekAgracita hokara suno| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 30, gAthA 1 pANivaha-musAvAyA, adatta-mehuNa-pariggahA viro| rAibhoyaNa-virao, jIvo havai annaasvo|| hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, maithuna, parigraha evaM rAtri bhojana se nivRtta huA jIva Asrava rahita hotA hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 30, gAthA 2 Page #73 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 24 - ----- puNya-pApa tattva paMcasamio tigutto, akasAo jiiNdio| agAravo ya Nissallo, jIvo havaha annaasvo|| pA~ca samiti vAlA, tIna gupti vAlA, kaSAya rahita, jitendriya tIna gArava rahita aura tIna zalya rahita jIva Asrava rahita hotA hai, yahA~ pApAsrava kA hI niSedha kiyA gayA hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 30, gAthA 3 khaveMti appANamamohadaMsiNo, tave rayA saMjama ajjave gunne| dhuNaMti pAvAiM purekaDAI, NavAiM pAvAiM Na te kreNti|| nirmoha bhAva kA darzana karane vAle tapa, saMyama aura Arjava guNa meM rata sAdhaka pUrvakRta pApa karmoM kA kSaya karate haiM aura navIna pApa karmoM kA baMdha nahIM karate haiN| isa gAthA meM nirmoha-vItarAgatA ke sAdhaka ke lie tapa, saMyama, Arjava Adi guNoM se pApa karmoM kA kSaya honA aura naye pApa karmoM kA baMdha na honA hI kahA hai| puNya karmoM kA yA saba karmoM kA kSaya honA nahIM kahA hai aura navIna puNya karmoM ke anubaMdha kA niSedha bhI nahIM kiyA hai| -dazavaikAlika sUtra, 6.68 suciNNA kammA suciNNaphalA bhvNti| duciNNA kammA duciNNaphalA bhvNti|| acche (zubha) karma kA phala zubha hotA hai| azubha karma kA phala azubha hotA hai| -aupapAtika, 56 pAzayati pAtayati vA paapN|| jo AtmA ko bA~dhatA hai athavA patana karatA hai, vaha pApa hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, cUrNi 2 iha loge suciNNA kammA iha loge suhaphalavivAgasaMjuttA bhvti| iha loge suciNNA kammA paraloge suhaphalavivAgasaMjuttA bhvNti|| Page #74 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM isa jIvana meM kie hue satkarma isa jIvana meM bhI zubha (sukhadAyI ) phala dene vAle hote haiN| isa jIvana meM kie hue satkarma agale jIvana meM bhI zubha (sukhadAyI) phala dene vAle hote haiN| - sthAnAMga 4.2 25 jaha vA visagaMDUsa koI ghettUNa nAma tuNDikko / aNNeNa adIsaMto kiM nAma tato na va marejjA / / jisa prakAra koI luka chipakara viSa pI letA hai, kyA vaha viSa se nahIM maregA? avazya maregA / usI prakAra jo chipakara pApa karatA hai to kyA vaha pApa usake liye ghAtaka nahIM hogA ? avazya hogaa| - sUtrakRtAMga, niryukti gAthA 52 sakammuNA vippriyaasmuvei| pratyeka prANI apane hI kRta karmoM se du:kha pAtA hai| -sUtrakRtAMga 1.7.11 tuTTaMti pAvakammANi, navaM kammamakuvvao / / jo naye karma nahIM karatA hai arthAt saMvara karatA hai usake pUrvabaddha pApa karma bhI naSTa ho jAte haiN| -sUtrakRtAMga 1.15.5 kattArameva aNujAi kammaM / / karma sadA karttA kA hI anugamana karate haiM arthAt karma kA baMdhakartA ke bhAvoM ke anusAra hI hotA hai| aNumitto vi na kassaI, baMdho paravatthupaccao bhnnio| para (bAhya) vastu ke AdhAra para kisI ko aNumAtra bhI karma baMdha nahIM hotA hai, (karma baMdha apanI bhAvanA ke AdhAra para hI hotA hai)| -oghaniryukti, 57 Page #75 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 26 --- ---- puNya-pApa tattva tullammi avarAdhe pariNAmavaseNa hoti naannt|| bAhara se samAna aparAdha hone para bhI aMtara ke pariNAmoM kI tIvratA-maMdatA ke kAraNa doSoM kI nyUnAdhikatA hotI hai| -bRhatkalpabhASya 4974 eesiM tu vivaccAse, raagdos-smjjiyN| khavei u jahA bhikkhU, tamegaggamaNo sunn|| inake (Upara batalAe hue) viparIta hone para rAga-dveSa se saMcita kiye karmoM ko jisa prakAra sAdhu kSaya kara detA hai usa vidhi ko ekAgracitta hokara suno| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 30, gAthA 4 jahA mahAtalAyassa, saNNiruddhe jlaagme| ussiMcaNAe tavaNAe, kameNaM sosaNA bhve|| evaM tu saMjayassAvi, paavkmmnniraasve| bhavakoDIsaMciyaM kammaM, tavasA nnijjrijji|| jisa prakAra kisI bar3e tAlAba ke jala Ane ke mArgoM ko rokakara usa tAlAba kA pAnI bAhara nikAlane se tathA sUrya ke tApa dvArA vaha tAlAba dhIre-dhIre sUkha jAtA hai, usI prakAra saMyamI sAdhuoM ke bhI navIna pApakarmoM ko roka dene para karor3oM bhavoM ke saMcita karma tapa dvArA kSaya ho jAte haiN| ina saba gAthAoM meM anAsrava meM pApa karmoM ke Asrava ke nirodha ko hI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 30, gAthA 5-6 Upara uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke tIsaveM adhyayana kI katipaya gAthAe~ dI gaI haiN| isa adhyayana kI prathama gAthA meM tapa se rAga-dveSa se utpanna pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai, yaha spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA gayA hai| yaha nahIM kahA gayA ki saba karma kSaya hote haiM yA puNya karma kSaya hote haiN| Age gAthA 6 meM pApa karmoM ke Asrava kA hI niSedha kiyA hai tathA dUsarI gAthA meM hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, Page #76 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pApa hI tyAjya hai, puNya nahIM ---- ------ 27 maithuna, parigraha aura rAtri bhojana ina pApoM se nivRtta hone ko hI anAsrava kahA hai| yahA~ bhI anAsrava ke lie puNya kA niSedha nahIM kiyA hai| gAthA tIna meM bhI pA~ca samiti (sadpravRtti) tIna gupti, akaSAya, jitendriyatA Adi se anAsrava honA kahA hai, jabaki ina sabase puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| akaSAya se arthAt krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke tyAga se kramaza: sAtAvedanIya, uccagotra, zubha nAmakarma aura zubha Ayu karma ina cAroM karmoM kA arthAt puNya karmoM kA upArjana hotA hai, aisA bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 9 meM kahA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jainAgamoM meM pApa ko tyAjya kahA gayA hai puNya ko nhiiN| 000 Page #77 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa tattva aura puNya-pApa karma meM aMtara kuMdakuMdAcArya ne kahA hai suhapariNAmo puNNaM asuho pAvaM ti havadi jiivss| zubha pariNAma puNya hai aura azubha pariNAma pApa hai| __-paMcAstikAya, 132 'puNya-pApa tattva' zubha-azubha pariNAmoM (bhAvoM) se saMbaMdha rakhatA hai na ki puNya-pApa karma-prakRtiyoM ke baMdha se, kyoMki puNya-pApa karma prakRtiyA~ baMdha tattva se saMbaMdhita haiN| jaisAki AcArya pUjyapAda ne tattvArtha sUtra, 6.3 kI sarvArtha siddhi TIkA meM kahA hai kaH zubho yogaH ko vA'zubhaH? praannaatipaataadttaadaanmaithunaadirshubhkaayyogH| anRtabhASaNaparuSAsabhyavacanAdirazubho vaagyogH| vadhacintaneAsUyAdirazubho manoyogaH tato viparItaH shubhH| kathaM yogasya shubhaashubhtvm| zubha pariNAmanivRtto yogaH shubhH| ashubhprinnaamnivRttshcaashubhH| na punaH shubhaashubh-krmkaarnntven| yadyevamucyate zubhayoga eva na syAt zubhayogasyApi jnyaanaavrnnaa-dibNdhhetutvaabhyupgmaat| punAtyAtmAnaM pUyate'neneti vA punnym|| ttsdvedyaadi| pAti rakSati AtmAnaM zubhAditi paapm| tdsadyaadi| zaMkA-zubha yoga kyA hai aura azubha yoga kyA hai? Page #78 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ---- 29 puNya-pApa tattva aura puNya-pApa karma meM aMtara --- samAdhAna-hiMsA, corI aura maithuna Adi azubha kAyayoga hai| asatya vacana, kaThora vacana aura asabhya vacana Adi azubha vacanayoga hai| mArane kA vicAra, IrSyA aura DAha Adi azubha manoyoga hai tathA inase viparIta zubhakAyayoga, zubha vacanayoga aura zubha manoyoga hai| zaMkA-yoga ke zubha aura azubha ye bheda kisa kAraNa se haiM? samAdhAna-jo yoga zubha pariNAmoM ke nimitta se hotA hai vaha zubha yoga hai aura jo yoga azubha pariNAmoM ke nimitta se hotA hai vaha azubha yoga hai| zAyada koI yaha mAne ki zubha aura azubha karma kA kAraNa hone se yoga zubha aura azubha hotA hai so aisI bAta nahIM hai, kyoMki yadi isa prakAra inakA lakSaNa kahA jAtA hai to zubhayoga ho hI nahIM sakatA, kyoMki zubhayoga ke samaya bhI zeSa rahe kaSAya ke udaya se jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| isalie zubha aura azubha yoga kA jo lakSaNa yahA~ para kiyA hai vaha sahI hai| jo AtmA ko pavitra karatA hai yA jisase AtmA pavitra hotI hai, vaha zubha hai, puNya hai| jaise sAtAvedanIya Adi tathA jo AtmA ko zubha se bacAtA hai vaha pApa hai, jaise asAtAvedanIya aadi| yahA~ vicAraNIya yaha hai ki jisase pApa prakRtiyA~ ba~dhe use azubhayoga mAnA jAya to jJAnAvaraNIya, upaghAta Adi bIsoM dhruva ba~dhane vAlI pApa prakRtiyA~ sadaiva ba~dhatI rahatI haiN| ata: dasaveM guNasthAna taka sadaiva azubha yoga hI mAnanA hogA, kabhI zubha yoga ho hI nahIM skegaa| isI prakAra taijasa-kArmaNa zarIra, agurulaghu Adi puNya prakRtiyA~ bhI sadavai ba~dhatI rahatI haiN| ata: dasaveM guNasthAna taka zubha yoga mAnanA hI pdd'egaa| kabhI azubha yoga ho hI nahIM skegaa| isa prakAra zubha yoga aura azubha yoga donoM ko sadaiva eka sAtha mAnanA par3egA yA phira donoM kA sadaiva abhAva mAnanA Page #79 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 30 ------ ----- puNya-pApa tattva par3egA, so aisA upayukta nahIM hai| eka samaya meM zubha yoga yA azubha yoga meM se eka hI yoga mAnA gayA hai aura yoga kA abhAva bhI nahIM mAnA gayA hai| ata: zubha yoga rUpa puNyAsrava aura azubha yoga rUpa pApAsrava kA saMbaMdha kramaza: zubha pariNAma (bhAva) aura azubha pariNAma (bhAva) se hai| puNyapApa kI prakRtiyoM ke baMdha se nahIM hai tathA zubha pariNAma puNya tattva hai aura azubha pariNAma pApa tattva hai| ata: puNya-pApa tattva kA saMbaMdha puNya-pApa kI prakRtiyoM ke baMdha se nahIM hai| isa prakAra puNya tattva rUpa zubha pariNAma vahI hai jisase rAgAdi doSoM meM kamI ho arthAt AtmA pavitra ho, Atmavizuddhi ho tathA pApa tattva rUpa azubha pariNAma vahI hai jisase doSoM meM vRddhi ho arthAt AtmA kA patana ho| 000 Page #80 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pApa-puNya kA AdhAra : saMkleza-vizuddhi puNya-pApa tattva kA saMbaMdha saMkleza-vizuddhi bhAvoM se hai| isI viSaya para yahA~ vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| zubha: punnysy| azubha: paapsy|| artha-zubha yoga puNya kA Asrava hai aura azubha yoga pApa kA Asrava hai| ina sUtroM kI TIkA karate hue paM. zrI sukhalAla jI saMghavI likhate haiM"kAyayoga Adi tInoM yoga zubha bhI haiM aura azubha bhii| yogoM ke zubhatva aura azubhatva kA AdhAra bhAvanA kI zubhAzubhatA hai| zubha uddezya se pravRtta yoga zubha aura azubha uddezya se pravRtta yoga azubha hai| kArya-karmabandha kI zubhAzubhatA para yoga kI zubhAzubhatA avalaMbita nahIM hai, kyoMki aisA mAnane se sabhI yoga azubha hI ho jAyeMge, koI yoga zubha nahIM raha jAyegA, jabaki zubha yoga meM bhI AThaveM Adi guNasthAnoM meM azubha jJAnAvaraNIya Adi karmoM ke baMdha kA kAraNa hotA hai|" -tattvArthasUtra 6.3-4 "zubha yoga kA kArya puNya-prakRti kA baMdha aura azubha yoga kA kArya pApa prakRti kA baMdha hai| prastuta sUtroM kA yaha vidhAna ApekSika hai, kyoMki saMkleza (kaSAya) kI maMdatA ke samaya hone vAlA yoga zubha aura Page #81 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 32 --- puNya-pApa tattva saMkleza kI tIvratA se hone vAlA yoga azubha hai| jaise azubha yoga ke samaya prathama Adi guNasthAnoM meM jJAnAvaraNIya Adi sabhI puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kA yathAsaMbhava baMdha hotA hai vaise hI chaThe Adi guNasthAnoM meM zubhayoga ke samaya bhI puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kA yathAsaMbhava baMdha hotA hai| phira zubha yoga kA puNya baMdha ke kAraNa rUpa meM aura azubha yoga kA pApa baMdha ke kAraNa rUpa meM alaga-alaga vidhAna kaise saMgata ho sakatA hai? isalie prastuta vidhAna mukhyatayA anubhAga baMdha kI apekSA se hai| zubha yoga kI tIvratA ke samaya puNya-prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga baMdha (rasa) kI mAtrA adhika aura pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kI mAtrA alpa niSpanna hotI hai| isase ulTe azubha yoga kI tIvratA ke samaya pApa-prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga adhika aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga baMdha alpa hotA hai| isameM jo zubhayogajanya puNyAnubhAga kI adhika mAtrA tathA azubhayogajanya pApAnubhAga kI adhika mAtrA hai, use pradhAna mAnakara sUtroM meM anukrama se zubha yoga ko puNya kA aura azubha yoga ko pApa kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| zubhayoga janya pApAnubhAga kI alpamAtrA aura azubhayoga janya puNyAnubhAga kI alpa mAtrA vivakSita nahIM hai| kyoMki loka kI bhA~ti zAstra meM bhI pradhAnatApUrvaka vicAraNIya vyavahAra kA vidhAna prasiddha hai|" __paM. zrI sukhalAla jI saMghavI ne tattvArthasUtra adhyayana 6 sUtra 4 kI TIkA meM kahA hai-"puNya-pApa donoM dravya aura bhAva rUpa se do-do prakAra ke haiN| zubha karma pudgala dravya-puNya aura azubha karma pudgala dravya pApa hai| isalie dravya puNya tathA pApa baMdha-tattva meM aMtarbhUta hai, kyoMki Atma-sambaddha karma pudgala yA AtmA aura karma pudgala kA sambandha vizeSa hI dravyabaMdha hai| dravya puNya kA kAraNa zubha adhyavasAya jo bhAva puNya hai aura dravya pApa kA Page #82 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pApa-puNya kA AdhAra : saMkleza-vizuddhi 33 kAraNa azubha adhyavasAya hai jo bhAva pApa hai- ye donoM hI bandha tattva meM antarbhUta hai kyoMki baMdha kA kAraNabhUta kASAyika adhyavasAya (pariNAma) hI bhAva baMdha hai| " paMDitajI ne uparyukta vivecana meM saMkleza kI mandatA ko puNya ke Asrava kA aura tIvratA ko pApa ke Asrava kA hetu kahA hai| karma-siddhAnta meM kaSAya kI maMdatA ko vizuddhi aura kaSAya kI vRddhi ko saMkleza kahA hai| yaha saMkleza-vizuddhi dasaveM guNasthAna taka pratyeka guNasthAna meM, pratyeka lezyA meM, pratyeka asaMyama-saMyama ( cAritra) Adi saba avasthAoM meM saMbhava hai, jaisA ki bhagavatIsUtra ke zataka 25 uddezyaka 7 meM kahA hai kaMiNaM bhaMte! suhamasaMparAyA paNNattA ? goyamA ! duvihe paNNattetaMjA - saMkilissamANae ya visuddhamANae y| artha- prazna- he bhagavan! sUkSma saMparAya saMyata kitane prakAra ke hote haiM? uttara-he gotama! do prakAra ke hote haiM, yathA-saMklizyamAnaka aura vishuddhy-maank| kyoMki ye hIyamAna aura varddhamAna pariNAma vAle hote haiN| isase spaSTa hai ki saMkleza zabda hIyamAna pariNAmoM kA, kaSAya vRddhi kA sUcaka hai aura vizuddhi zabda varddhamAna pariNAmoM kA, kaSAya kI maMdatA kA sUcaka hai| naveM guNasthAna se car3hate samaya dasaveM guNasthAna meM jAnA vizuddhyamAna kahalAtA hai aura gyArahaveM guNasthAna se girate samaya dasaveM guNasthAna meM AnA saMklizyamAna kahalAtA hai| karmoM kA zubhatva-azubhatva unake zubha-azubha phala para avalaMbita hai| zubha phala dene vAle karma puNya karma kahe jAte haiM aura azubha phala dene vAle karma-azubha (pApa karma) kahe jAte haiN| karma kA phala karma-prakRti ke anubhAva (anubhAga) para avalaMbita hotA hai| ata: karma ke anubhAva para hI pApa-puNya karma kA nirdhAraNa hotA hai - jaisA ki Upara paM. sukhalAla jI saMghavI ne kahA hai tathA isI kA pratipAdana tattvArtha sUtra adhyayana 6 ke sUtra Page #83 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 34 puNya-pApa tattva 3-4 kI rAjavArtika TIkA meM yaha kahakara kiyA hai ki puNya-pApa kA saMbaMdha anubhAga se hai| sthiti baMdha se nahIM hai| zubha anubhAga kI vRddhi kaSAya meM kamI hone se hotI hai| puNya kA Asrava zuddhopayoga se aura pApa kA Amrava azuddhopayoga se hotA hai, yahI kasAyapAhuDa kI jayadhavalA TIkA pustaka 1 meM spaSTa kahA hai yathA puNNAsavabhUdA aNakaMpA suddhao ya upjoo| vivarIo pAvassa hu, AsavaheuM viyANAhi / / arthAt anukampA aura zuddha * upayoga puNyAsrava svarUpa hai yA puNyAsrava ke kAraNa haiM tathA inase viparIta arthAt nirdayatA aura azuddha upayoga ye pApAsrava ke kAraNa haiN| isa prakAra Amrava ke hetu kahe gaye haiN| -kasAyapAhuDa, jayadhavalA TIkA, pustaka 1, pRSTha 96 tAtparya yaha hai ki pApa-puNya kA AdhAra saMkleza-tathA puNya kA AdhAra vizuddhi hai| vizuddhi se puNya kA upArjana (Asrava) hotA hai puNya bar3hatA hai isalie vizuddhi rUpa zuddhopayoga ko puNya kA Asrava kahA gayA hai tathA saMkleza se pApa kA arjana (Asrava) hotA hai pApa bar3hatA hai, isalie saMkleza rUpa azuddhopayoga ko pApa kA hetu kahA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai " ko saMkileso NAma ? kohamANamAyAlohapariNAma viseso / ko visohI NAma? jesu jIvapariNAmesu samuppaNNesu kasAyANaM hAni hodi / " arthAt krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ke pariNAmoM meM vRddhi honA saMkleza hai aura jIva ke jina pariNAmoM se kaSAyoM kI hAni (kamI) hotI hai, use vizuddhi kahate haiN| kaSAya meM kamI hone se AtmA kI vizuddhi tathA zuddhi bar3hatI hai| ata: ise vizuddhi va zuddhopayoga kahA jAtA hai aura kaSAya meM vRddhi hone se AtmA meM saMkleza va azuddhi bar3hatI hai| ata: ise saMkleza va azuddhopayoga kahA hai| -jaya dhavalA, pustaka 4 pRSTha 15 evaM 41 Page #84 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ pApa-puNya kA AdhAra : saMkleza-vizuddhi 35 Upara yaha kahA gayA hai ki pApa-puNya saMkleza-vizuddhi para avalaMbita hai, arthAt karmoM kA zubhAzubhatva unake kartA ke zubhAzubha bhAvoM para avalaMbita hai| kartA ke zubhAzubha bhAvoM kA karmoM ke rUpa meM prakaTIkaraNa una karmoM ke prakRti va anubhAva ke rUpa meM hotA hai| zubhabhAvoM se puNya karma prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva kI evaM azubhabhAva se pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva kI vRddhi hotI hai| zubha (puNya) karma prakRtiyoM meM yaha anubhAva kI vRddhi vizuddhi se, kaSAyAdi doSoM kI kamI se hotI hai aura azubha (pApa) karma prakRtiyoM meM yaha anubhAva kI vRddhi saMkleza se arthAt kaSAyAdi doSoM kI vRddhi se hotI hai| ata: pApa-puNya karmoM kA evaM unakI nyUnAdhikatA kA AdhAra unakA anubhAva hai, pradeza va sthiti baMdha nahIM hai kyoMki karmoM ke pradezoM ke nyUnAdhika hone se unake anubhAva nyUnAdhika nahIM hotA hai aura pApa-puNya donoM prakAra ke karmoM kA sthitibaMdha kaSAya se hotA hai| ataH sthitibaMdha pApa karmoM kA adhika ho athavA puNya karmoM kA, tIna zubha AyukarmoM ke atirikta samasta karma prakRtiyoM kA azubha hI hai| isalie puNya-pApa karmoM ke zubhatva-azubhatva kA AdhAra unakA anubhAva hI hai| kama jayadhavalA TIkA ke uparyukta uddharaNa meM saMkleza aura vizuddhi kI paribhASA dete hue kaSAya zabda ke pahale samutpanna vizeSaNa lagAyA gayA hai jo vartamAna kSaNa meM utpanna kaSAya kA arthAt udayamAna, vidyamAna kaSAya kA sUcaka hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki saMkleza - vizuddhi kA saMbaMdha vartamAna meM udayamAna-vidyamAna kaSAya meM vRddhi va hAni hone se haiM, kaSAya va adhika kaSAya se nahIM hai / yadi kama kaSAya ko vizuddhi aura adhika kaSAya ko saMkleza mAnA jAya to sadaiva zukla lezyA kI avasthA ko vizuddhi aura kRSNa lezyA kI avasthA ko saMkleza mAnanA hogaa| isa prakAra dasaveM sUkSma saMparAya guNasthAna meM zukla lezyA hone se vizuddhi hI mAnanA hogaa| saMkleza nahIM mAnA jA skegaa| jisase bhagavatI sUtra ke zataka 25 Page #85 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 36 ------ - puNya-pApa tattva uddezaka 7 ke uparyukta kathana kA virodha ho jaayegaa| jo kisI ko bhI iSTa nahIM hogaa| isase spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki saMkleza-vizaddhi kA, pApa-puNya tattva kA saMbaMdha kaSAya meM hAni-vRddhi hone se hai, kama va adhika kaSAya se nahIM hai| jaisAki bhagavatI sUtra meM prApta nimna varNana se spaSTa hotA hai prazna-se NUNaM bhaMte! kaNhalesse jAva sukkalesse bhavittA nIlalessesu neraiesu uvavajjati? uttara-haMtA goyamA! jAva uvvjjti| prazna-se keNaTeNaM jAva uvavajjaMti? uttara-goyamA! lessaTThANesu saMkilissamANesu vA visujjha-mANesu vA nIlalessaM pariNamai, nIlalessaM pariNamittA nIlalessesu neraiesu uvavajjaMti se teNaTeNaM goyamA! jAva uvvjjNti| -bhagavatI sUtra, zataka 13, uddezaka 1 prazna-he bhagavan! kRSNalezI yAvat zuklalezI hokara jIva nIla lezyA vAle nairayikoM meM utpanna hotA hai? uttara-hA~ gautama! yAvat utpanna hotA hai| prazna-he bhagavan! isakA kyA kAraNa hai? uttara-he gautama! lezyA ke sthAna saMkleza ko prApta hote hue aura vizuddhi ko prApta hote hue vaha jIva nIlelezyA rUpa meM pariNata hotA hai aura nIlalezyA rUpa se pariNata hone ke bAda vaha nIlalezI nairayikoM meM utpanna hotA hai| isaliye he gautama! pUrvokta rUpa se kahA gayA hai| yahI varNana Age ke sUtroM meM kApota Adi lezyAoM ke lie bhI kiyA gayA hai| vahA~ azubha lezyA kI ora bar3hane ko saMkleza aura zubha lezyA kI ora bar3hane ko vizuddhi kahA gayA hai| Page #86 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ......-- 37 pApa-puNya kA AdhAra : saMkleza-vizuddhi --- yadi udayamAna adhika kaSAya ko saMkleza tathA nyUna kaSAya ko vizuddhi mAnA jAya to kRSNa lezyA vAle jIvoM ke sadaiva kaSAya kA udaya adhika tathA zukla lezyA vAle jIvoM ke kaSAya kA udaya kama rahatA hai| ata: kRSNa lezyA vAle jIvoM ke sadaiva saMkleza kI vidyamAnatA aura vizuddhi kA abhAva mAnanA hogaa| vizuddhi kA abhAva hone se unake puNya Asrava kA hI abhAva mAnanA hogA jo karma siddhAnta va Agama ke viruddha hai| isI prakAra zukla lezyA vAle jIvoM ke sadaiva vizuddhi kI hI maujUdagI (sadbhAva) aura saMkleza kA abhAva mAnanA hogA jo Agama viruddha hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jainAgama meM udayamAna kaSAya meM vRddhi hone ko arthAt hIyamAna va girate pariNAmoM ko saMkleza, pApa tattva, azuddhopayoga tathA pApAsrava kA kAraNa kahA hai tathA udayamAna kaSAya meM hAni hone ko arthAt zuddhatA kI ora bar3hate vardhamAna pariNAmoM ko vizuddhi, zuddhopayoga (puNya tattva) tathA puNyAsrava kA kAraNa kahA hai| ___ samasta saMsArI jIvoM ke vItarAga hone ke pahale sadaiva puNya aura pApa ina donoM kA Asrava tathA baMdha hotA rahatA hai| ata: saba jIvoM ke sadaiva saMkleza-vizuddhi donoM mAnanA hogaa| parantu yahA~ para sAmAnya se hone vAlA yaha puNya-pApa kA Asrava va baMdha apekSita va iSTa nahIM hai| pratyuta puNyapApa karma kA Asrava va anubhAga jo pahale ho rahA thA usameM vRddhi hone se hai| kaSAya meM hAni hone rUpa pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi se puNyAsava meM tathA badhyamAna evaM sattA meM sthita puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai aura pApa prakRtiyoM kA puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hone se bhI puNya prakRtiyoM ke pradezoM meM vRddhi hotI hai| isI vRddhi ko puNya kA upArjana kahA hai aura vizuddhi ko isakA hetu kahA hai| isI prakAra kaSAya meM vRddhi hone rUpa saMkleza pariNAmoM se Page #87 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 38 puNya-pApa tattva pApAsrava meM tathA badhyamAna evaM sattA meM vidyamAna pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga va sthiti meM vRddhi hotI hai aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA pApa prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hone se bhI pApa prakRtiyoM ke pradezoM meM vRddhi hotI hai| isa vRddhi ko hI pApa kA upArjana kahA hai aura isI ke hetu ko saMkleza kahA hai| jisase kisI meM vRddhi nahIM ho, use usake upArjana kA arthAt Asrava kA hetu nahIM kahA jA sktaa| jaisA ki kahA hai - vizuddhi-saMklezAMgaM cet sva- parasthaM sukhaasukhm| puNyapApAsravo yukto na ced vyarthastavArhataH / / arthAt AcArya zrI samantabhadra kA pharamAnA hai ki sukha-duHkha apane ko ho athavA dUsare ko ho, vaha yadi vizuddhi kA aMga ho to puNyAsrava kA aura saMkleza kA aMga (rUpa) ho to pApAsrava kA hetu hai| yadi vaha ina donoM meM se kisI kA bhI aMga na ho to vyartha hai, niSphala hai| - devAgamakArikA 95 tivvo asuhasuhANaM saMkesa - visohio vivajjau maMdaraso || arthAt azubha prakRtiyoM kA tIvra anubhAga saMkleza se aura zubha prakRtiyoM kA tIvra anubhAga vizuddhi se hotA hai| isake viparIta maMdarasa kA hetu hai- arthAt azubha prakRtiyoM ke rasa meM maMdatA vizuddhi se aura zubha prakRtiyoM ke rasa meM maMdatA saMkleza se hotI hai| -paMcama karma-graMtha gAthA 63 Page #88 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kaSAya kI maMdatA puNya hai, maMda kaSAya pApa hai azubhabhAva, azubhayoga, duSpravRtti, saMkleza, azuddha upayoga ye saba prAya: samAnArthaka evaM pApa ke paryAyavAcI haiN| kAraNa ki ye saba kaSAya vRddhi ke dyotaka haiN| inase AtmA kA patana hotA hai aura karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| isake viparIta zubhabhAva, zubhayoga, sadpravRtti, vizuddhi, zuddhopayoga, kSAyopazamika bhAva ye saba samAnArthaka haiM evaM puNya ke paryAyavAcI haiN| kAraNa ki ye saba kaSAya kI kamI ke dyotaka haiN| inase AtmA pavitra hotI hai aura karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| karmabaMdha evaM karmakSaya hone kI prakriyA isa prakAra hai karma-baMdha cAra prakAra kA hai-1. prakRti baMdha, 2. sthiti baMdha, 3. anubhAga baMdha aura 4. pradeza bNdh| ina cAra prakAra ke baMdhanoM meM pradeza baMdha kA koI vizeSa mahattva nahIM hai| kAraNa ki pradeza baMdha kA udaya va kSaya kama ho yA adhika, isase karma kI phaladAna zakti 'anubhAga' meM koI aMtara nahIM par3atA hai| ata: mukhyatA anubhAga evaM sthiti baMdha kI hai| sthiti baMdha hone se hI karma sattA (sattva) ko prApta hote haiM va Tikate haiM aura apanA phala dete haiN| sthiti baMdha ke abhAva meM karma binA phala diye aise hI khira (kSaya) jAte haiM jaise sUkhI bAlU reta ko dIvAra para pheMkane se vaha reta dIvAra ko chUkara khira Page #89 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 40 puNya-pApa tattva jAtI hai| sthitibaMdha hone se hI prakRti, pradeza va anubhAga bhI baMdha dazA ko prApta hote haiN| ata: cAroM prakAra ke baMdhanoM meM sthiti baMdha hI mukhya baMdha hai| sthiti baMdha ke abhAva meM zeSa tIna prakAra ke baMdhanoM meM se koI bhI baMdha saMbhava nahIM hai| sthiti kA kSaya hI karma kA kSaya hai| anubhAga ghaTane-bar3hane se karmapradezoM kA kSaya va baMdha nahIM hotA hai| rasa ( anubhAva ) ke ghaTane-bar3hane para karma ke phala kI tIvratA-maMdatA nirbhara karatI hai| arthAt karma kI phaladAna-zakti arthAt karma kA phala usake rasa (anubhAga) para hI nirbhara karatA hai| arthAt puNya-pApa kA AdhAra anubhAga hI hai, sthiti nahIM, kyoMki anubhAga hI zubha-azubha hotA hai, sthiti to samasta pApa-puNya (tInoM zubha Ayu ko chor3akara) prakRtiyoM kI azubha hI hotI hai| kAraNa ki puNya prakRtiyoM kA sthitibaMdha pApa prakRtiyoM ke samAna kaSAya kI vRddhi se adhika ba~dhatA hai va kaSAya kI kamI se kama ba~dhatA hai / kaSAya meM kamI honA acchI bAta hai, paraMtu kaSAya meM kamI hone ke pazcAt jo kama kaSAya raha jAtA hai vaha audayika bhAva hai, ata: vaha karmoM kI sthiti baMdha kA kAraNa hai| sthiti baMdha se hI karma ba~dhe (Tike) rahate haiN| sthiti ke kSaya hote hI karmakSaya ho jAte haiN| sthiti kA kSaya kaSAya ke kSaya se hotA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki karmoM kA kSaya kaSAya ke kSaya se hotA hai| kaSAya kI maMdatA kyA hai ? kaSAya kI maMdatA va vRddhi kA AdhAra kaSAya kI prakRti, sthiti va pradeza nahIM haiM, apitu kaSAya kA anubhAva hai| kaSAya kA dvisthAnika Adi anubhAvoM se bar3hakara tristhAnika, catu:sthAnika honA kaSAya kI vRddhi hai, saMkleza hai| isake viparIta kaSAya kA catu:sthAnika anubhAva hIna hokara tristhAnika, tristhAnika se dvisthAnika honA kaSAya kI maMdatA hai / kaSAya kI maMdatA meM kaSAya ke anubhAva yA rasa athavA phaladAna zakti kA hrAsa hotA hai, jisase pApa karmoM kI sthiti va Page #90 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kaSAya kI maMdatA puNya hai, maMda kaSAya pApa hai ----- 41 anubhAva kA kSaya hotA hai| ata: yaha kSAyopazamika bhAva kA sUcaka hai| isake viparIta kaSAya kI maMdatA hone para bhI zeSa rahA kaSAya kA jo dvisthAnika, tristhAnika anubhAva udaya meM A rahA hai vaha audayika bhAva hai| yaha audayika bhAva hI karmabaMdha (sthitibaMdha) kA hetu hai| kSAyopazamika (kaSAya kI maMdatA) bhAva karmakSaya kA hetu hone se zubhabhAva hai, zuddhopayoga hai, vizuddhibhAva hai, puNya hai, nirjarA hai, jabaki kaSAya kA audayika bhAva azubha bhAva hai, azuddhopayoga hai, pApa hai| jisakA phala zubha mile vaha zubha karma hai| jisakA phala azubha mile vaha azubha karma hai| karma kA phala usake anubhAva se hI milatA hai| phaladAna zakti anubhAva hai, sthiti va pradeza nahIM hai| pradeza ghaTane-bar3hane se anubhAva va rasa ghaTatA-bar3hatA nahIM hai| jaise mizrI ko tor3a dene se, kATa dene se usake rasa (svAda) meM koI kamI nahIM hotI, yaha tathya karma ke anubhAva para bhI ghaTita hotA hai| __kaSAya ke kSaya se pApa prakRtiyoM kI prakRti, sthiti, anubhAga Adi kA kSaya hotA hai tathA puNya prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha kA bhI kSaya hotA hai, paraMtu puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| ata: puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA hetu kaSAya kA kSaya hai kaSAya kA udaya nahIM, arthAt kSAyopazamika, aupazamika evaM kSAyika bhAva hai, audayika bhAva nahIM hai| pratyuta audayika bhAvoM meM kamI hai| kSAyopazamika Adi bhAvoM se mokSa hotA hai, baMdha nahIM hotA hai| ata: puNya va puNya kA anubhAga mokSa-prApti kA sUcaka hai| kaSAya kI kSINatA, maMdatA evaM kamI ko hI vizuddhi, zubhabhAva, zubhayoga, kSAyopazamika bhAva yA puNya kahA jAtA hai| ata: 'puNya' karma kSaya kA, mokSa kA hetu hai| Page #91 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 42 puNya-pApa tattva sArAMza yaha hai ki kaSAya meM kamI honA kSAyopazamika tathA kSAyika bhAva hai aura kama kaSAya yA maMda kaSAya audayika bhAva hai, jo karmabaMdha kA hetu hai| ataH kaSAya meM kamI honA yA kaSAya kI maMdatA zubha hai aura kama kaSAya yA maMda kaSAya azubha hai| zubha bhAva, kaSAya kI maMdatA puNya karma ke prakRti, pradeza evaM anubhAga ke Asrava meM hetu hai tathA puNya ke baMdha (sthiti-baMdha) ke kSaya meM bhI hetu hai evaM pApa prakRtiyoM ke prakRti, pradeza va anubhAga ke Asrava ke nirodha evaM pApakarma ke cAroM prakAra ke baMdha ke kSaya kA hetu hai aura maMda kaSAya pApa kA, pApAsrava kA upArjana karane vAlA evaM pApakarma ke cAroM prakAra ke baMdha kA hetu hai| kaSAya kI maMdatA aura maMda kaSAya meM utanA hI aMtara hai jitanA roga kI kamI aura kama roga meM aMtara hai| roga kI kamI acchI bAta hai, zubha hai, paraMtu roga kama ho yA adhika roga kA honA to burA hI hai| Page #92 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (7) karma - siddhAMta aura puNya-pApa jaina darzana meM pratipAdita tattva jJAna aura karma-siddhAMta vizva meM advitIya hai| tattvajJAna meM prANI ke lie heya-upAdeya kA varNana hai aura karma-siddhAMta meM prANI ke jIvana se saMbaMdhita samasta sthitiyoM kA vivecana hai| yahA~ karma-siddhAMta ke pariprekSya meM 'puNya-pApa' para saMkSepa meM prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai| karma-siddhAMta jaina darzana meM jJAnAvaraNa Adi ATha mUla karma kahe gaye haiM aura ina ATha karmoM kI uttara prakRtiyA~ 148 kahI gaI haiN| inhIM 148 prakRtiyoM ko abheda vivakSA se baMdha yogya 120 prakRtiyoM meM samAhita kiyA gayA haikarmabaMdha cAra prakAra kA hai- 1. prakRti baMdha, 2. sthiti baMdha, 3. anubhAga baMdha aura 4. pradeza bNdh| prakRti baMdha-karmoM ke bhinna-bhinna svabhAva ke utpanna hone ko prakRti baMdha kahate haiM / prakRti baMdha kI apekSA puNya-pApa kI prakRtiyA~ isa prakAra haiM suranaratigucca sAyaM tasadasa taNuvaMgavairacauraMsaM / paraghAsaga tiriAU vannacau paNidi subhakhagai ||15|| bAyAlapunnapagaI apaDhama- saMThANa - khagai - saMghayaNA / tiriyaduga asAyanIyovaghAya igavigala nirytigN||16|| Page #93 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 44 --- puNya-pApa tattva thAvaradasa vannacaukka ghAipaNayAlasahiya baasiiii| pAvapayaDitti dosuvi, vannAigahA suhaa-asuhaa||17|| artha-suratrika (devagati, devAnupUrvI, devAyu) manuSyatrika (manuSya gati, manuSyAnupUrvI, manuSyAyu), ucca gotra, sAtAvedanIya, trasadazaka (trasa, bAdara, paryApta, pratyeka, sthira, zubha, subhaga, susvara, Adeya, yazakIrti) audArika-vaikriya-AhAraka -taijasa-kArmaNa zarIra, aMgopAMgatrika (audArika aMgopAMga, vaikri ya aMgopAMga, AhAraka aMgopAMga), vajraRSabhanArAca-saMhanana, samacaturasrasaMsthAna, parAghAta, ucchvAsa, Atapa, udyota, agurulaghu, tIrthaGkara, nirmaann| tiryaMca Ayu, zubha varNacatuSka (varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza) paMcendriya jAti aura zubha vihAyogati, ye puNya kI 42 karma prakRtiyA~ haiN| -paMcama karmagrantha -paMcasaMgraha 3/21, 22, gommaTasAra karma kANDa gAthA 41, 42, 43 pahale saMsthAna va saMhanana ko chor3akara 5 saMsthAna tathA 5 saMhanana, azubha vihAyogati, tiryaMcagati, tiryaJcAnupUrvI, asAtAvedanIya, nIcagotra, upaghAta, ekendriya, vikalatrika (dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya) narakatrika (narakagati, narakAnupUrvI, narakAyu), sthAvara dazaka (sthAvara, sUkSma, aparyApta, sAdhAraNa, asthira, azubha, durbhaga, du:svara, anAdeya, ayaza:kIrti) azubha varNacatuSka (azubha varNa, gaMdha, rasa, sparza) ghAtI karmoM kI 45 prakRtiyA~ (jJAnAvaraNa 5, darzanAvaraNa 9, mohanIya 26, aMtarAya 5) ye 82 pApa kI prakRtiyA~ haiN| sthitibaMdha-jIva ke sAtha karmoM ke rahane kI maryAdA ko sthitibaMdha kahate haiN| puNya-pApa karmoM kA sthiti baMdha isa prakAra haiM Page #94 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ karma-siddhAMta aura puNya-pApa --- ------ 45 savvANa vi jiTThaThiI asubhA jaM saaisNkilesennN| iyarA visohio puNa muttuM nramrtiriyaauN|| ___-paMcamakarma grantha, 52 savvadiTThINamukkassao duukkassa sNkilesenn| vivarIdeNa jahaNNo aaugtiyvjjiyaannNtu|| -gommaTasAra karmakANDa, 134 artha-manuSya, deva aura tiryaMca Ayu ko chor3akara zeSa sabhI prakRtiyoM kI utkRSTa sthiti ati saMkleza pariNAmoM meM ba~dhane ke kAraNa azubha hai| inakI jaghanya sthiti kA baMdha vizuddhi dvArA hotA hai| tIna Ayu kA utkRSTa sthiti baMdha vizuddhi pariNAmoM se aura jaghanya sthiti baMdha saMkleza pariNAmoM se hotA hai| anubhAga baMdha-karma kI phaladAna zakti ko anubhAga kahate haiN| utkRSTa aura jaghanya anubhAga ke saMbaMdha meM kahA hai bAdAlaM tu pasatthA visohiguNamukaDassa tivvaao| bAsIdi appasatthA micchukkddsNkiliitttthss|| ___ -gommaTasAra karmakANDa, 164 tivvo asuhasuhANaM saMkesavisohio vivjjyu| maMdaraso..... -paMcama karmagrantha, 63 arthAt 42 puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga utkRSTa vizuddhi guNa vAle jIvoM ke hotA hai aura 82 pApa prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga utkRSTa saMkleza pariNAma vAle mithyAdRSTi jIvoM ke hotA hai| Atapa, udyota, tiryaJcAyu, manuSyAyu ina cAra puNya prakRtiyoM ke atirikta zeSa 38 puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha samyagdRSTi jIvoM ke hI hotA hai, mithyAtvI jIvoM ke nhiiN| ina 38 prakRtiyoM meM se devAyu kA Page #95 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 46 --- puNya-pApa tattva apramattaguNasthAnavartI ke, manuSya gati, manuSyAnupUrvI, audArika zarIra, audArika aMgopAMga, vajraRSabhanArAca saMhanana ina 6 prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha anantAnubaMdhI kI visaMyojanA karate hue anivRttikaraNa ke aMtima samaya meM samyagdRSTi rahane vAle jIva ke hI hotA hai| zeSa 32 puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha cAritra kI kSapaka zreNI karane vAle sAdhaka ke kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana utpanna hone ke aMtarmuhUrta pUrva hI hotA hai| yathA viuvvisurAhAradugaM sukhagai vannacau teyjinnsaayN| samacauparaghAtasadasa paNiMdisAsucca khvgaau|| -paMcama karmagrantha 67 artha-vaikriyadvika, devadvika, AhAraka dvika, zubha vihAyogati, varNacatuSka, tejasacatuSka, tIrthaGkara nAmakarma, sAtAvedanIya, samacaturasra saMsthAna, parAghAta, trasa dazaka, paMcendriya jAti, ucchvAsa nAma aura ucca gotra kA utkRSTa anubhAgabaMdha kSapaka zreNI karane vAle hI karate haiN| ina 32 puNya prakRtiyoM kA yaha utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha usI bhava meM mukti prApta karane vAle jIva hI karate haiN| unakA yaha anubhAgabaMdha muktiprApti ke aMtima kSaNa taka (do samaya pUrva taka) utkRSTa hI rahatA hai, jaisAki kahA hai suhANaM payaDINaM visohido kevalisamugghAeNa joganiroheNa vA anubhAgaghAo natthi ti jaannvei| khINakasAyasaMjogIsuTThidi aNubhAgavajjide suhANaM payaDINamukassANubhAgo hodi natthi atthAvatisiddhaM / ___arthAt zubha prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA ghAta vizuddhi, kevalisamudghAta athavA yoga-nirodha se nahIM hotaa| kSINa kaSAya aura sayogI kevalI guNasthAna meM sthiti ghAta va anubhAga ghAta ke hone para bhI zubha Page #96 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ karma-siddhAMta aura puNya-pApa --- ----- 47 prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga ghAta vahA~ nahIM hotA hai, yaha siddha hone para sthiti va anubhAga se rahita AyogI kevalI guNasthAna meM zubha prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga yathAvat banA rahatA hai| yaha arthApatti se siddha hotA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga kSAyika cAritra, vItarAgatA, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana kI utpatti meM bAdhaka nahIM hai, apitu Avazyaka hai| -dhavalA pustaka 12 pRSTha 14 yaha niyama hai ki jaba taka puNya karma prakRtiyoM kA visthAnika anubhAga bar3hakara catu:sthAnika nahIM hotA hai taba taka samyagdarzana nahIM hotA hai aura yaha catu:sthAnika anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa nahIM hotA hai taba taka kevalajJAna nahIM hotA hai| isake viparIta pApakarma kI prakRtiyoM kA catu:sthAnika anubhAga ghaTakara visthAnika nahIM hotA hai taba taka samyagdarzana nahIM hotA hai aura ghAtI pApa prakRtiyoM kA pUrNa kSaya nahIM hotA hai taba taka kevalajJAna nahIM hotA hai| isase spaSTa hotA hai ki samyagdarzana aura kevalajJAna meM pApa hI bAdhaka hai, puNya bAdhaka nahIM hai, puNya aura pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga (rasa) ke viSaya meM kahA guDakhaMDasakkarAmiyasarisA satthA hu nniNbkjiiraa| visahalAhala sarisA'satthA hu aghaadipddibhaagaa|| aghAtI karmoM meM prazasta prakRtiyoM kA rasa gur3a, khANDa, mizrI aura amRta ke samAna hotA hai aura aprazasta prakRtiyoM kA rasa nIma, kAMjIrA, viSa, halAhala ke samAna hotA hai| yaha kathana ina prakRtiyoM ke ekasthAnika, dvisthAnika, tristhAnika evaM catu:sthAnika sparddhakoM kI taratamatA kA sUcaka hai arthAt puNya-prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hakara catu:sthAnika va utkRSTa ho jAtA hai| vaha amaratva (devatva, avinAzIpana) kA sUcaka hotA - Page #97 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ --- puNya-pApa tattva hai| isake viparIta pApa prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga utkRSTa hotA hai to halAhala viSa kA kArya karatA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki puNya kA anubhAga jIva ke lie zubhaphaladAyaka va atyanta hitakArI hai aura pApa kA anubhAga azubhaphaladAyaka va atyanta ahitakArI hai| -gommaTasAra karmakANDa, 184 pradezabaMdha-jIva ke sAtha karma paramANuoM ke skaMdhoM kA saMbaMdha hone ko pradezabaMdha kahate haiN| karmoM kA pradeza baMdha yogoM se hotA hai| yathA appayarapayaDibaMdhI ukkaDajogI va snnipjjto| kuNai paesukkosaM jahannayaM, tassa vccaase|| -paMcama karmagrantha, 89 ukkaDa-jogo saNNI, pajjato pyddibNdhmppdro| kuNadi padesukkassaM, jahaNNaye jANa vivriiyN|| -gommaTasAra karmakAMDa, 210 artha-alpatara prakRtiyoM kA baMdha karane vAlA, utkRSTa yogadhAraka aura paryApta saMjJI jIva utkRSTa pradeza baMdha karatA hai tathA isake viparIta arthAt bahuta prakRtiyoM kA baMdha karane vAlA, jaghanya yogadhAraka, aparyApta jIva jaghanya pradeza baMdha karatA hai| pradeza baMdha mukhyata: yogoM se hotA hai| isa baMdha meM saMkleza-vizuddhi kA vizeSa sthAna nahIM hai aura kisI bhI puNya va pApa karma kI prakRtiyoM ke pradeza baMdha ke nyUnAdhika hone kA inake anubhAva para koI prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai| jaise koI madhura yA kaTu vastu bar3I ho yA choTI ho, isase isake rasa yA svAda meM koI aMtara nahIM hotA hai| isI prakAra puNya-pApa kI kisI prakRti ke pradeza kitane hI kama hoM yA adhika hoM, isase usake phala para kucha bhI Page #98 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ karma - siddhAMta aura puNya-pApa prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki mana, vacana, kAyA ke yoga arthAt inakI pravRtti kitanI hI nyUna va adhika ho isase pradezoM kA nyUnAdhika baMdha to hotA hai, paraMtu usa baMdha se jIva ko hAni-lAbha nahIM hotA hai| jIva kA hita-ahita nahIM hotA hai / jIva kA hita-ahita kA saMbaMdha anubhAga se hai aura anubhAga baMdha kA saMbaMdha kaSAya kI maMdatA - vRddhi se hai, kahA bhI hai 49 paramANUNaM bahuttamappattaM vAM aNubhAgavaiddhi hANINaM Na kaarnnmidi| arthAt karma paramANuoM kA bahutva yA alpatva anubhAga kI vRddhi aura hAni kA kAraNa nahIM hai| -kasAya pAhuDa, -jayadhavalA TIkA pustaka 5, pRSTha 339 udaya-karmoM kA phala bhoganA udaya hai| mukti prApta karane vAle kevalajJAnI jIvoM ke 13veM guNasthAna meM 42 evaM 14veM guNasthAna meM 12 prakRtiyoM kA udaya rahatA hai, yathA tadiyekkavajjiNimiNaM thirasuhasaragadiurAlateUdugaM / saMThANaM vaNNagurucaukka patteya jo gimhi / / tadiyekkaM maNuvagadI paMciMdiya subhgtstigaadejjN| jasatthiM maNuvAu uccaM ca ajogicarimamhi / / arthAt terahaveM sayogI kevalI guNasthAna meM 42 prakRtiyoM kA udaya rahatA hai| inameM se 30 prakRtiyoM kA isa guNasthAna ke aMtima samaya meM udaya viccheda ho jAtA hai aura zeSa 12 prakRtiyoM kA udaya caudahaveM guNasthAna ke aMtima samaya taka rahatA hai| 30 prakRtiyoM ke nAma isa prakAra haiM-vedanIya karma kI sAtA-asAtA meM se koI eka, vajraRSabhanArAca saMhanana, nirmANa, sthira, zubha, susvara, vihAyogati, audArika aura taijasa ina 6 kA jor3A (sthira, Page #99 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 50 --- puNya-pApa tattva asthira, zubha-azubha Adi) samacaturasrasaMsthAna Adi 6 saMsthAna, varNAdi cAra, agurulaghu Adi cAra aura pratyeka zarIra, sAtA-asAtA meM se koI eka prakRti, manuSya gati, paMcendriya jAti, subhaga, trasAdi tIna, Adeya, yaza:kIrti, tIrthaGkara, manuSyAyu evaM uccagotra ye 12 prakRtiyA~ udaya yogya haiN| _ -gommaTasAra karmakAMDa, 271-272 udIraNA-jo karma prakRtiyA~ udayakAla se bAhara haiM, unheM udaya meM le AnA udIraNA hai| 'udaya-udIraNA' karmagrantha bhAga 2 gAthA 23 ke anusAra saba guNasthAnoM meM udaya ke samAna hI udIraNA kI saMkhyA hotI hai, paraMtu sAtA vedanIya, asAtAvedanIya aura manuSyAyu ina tIna prakRtiyoM kI udIraNA sAtaveM guNasthAna se lekara terahaveM guNasthAna taka nahIM hotI hai| caudahaveM guNasthAna meM kisI bhI prakRti kI udIraNA nahIM hotI hai| sattA-karmoM kA Atma-pradezoM ke sAtha sthita rahanA sattA hai| terahaveM-caudahaveM guNasthAna meM sattA isa prakAra hai paNasIi sajogi ajogi ducarime devkhgigNdhdugN| phAsaTTha vannarasataNubaMdhaNasaMghAyaNa-nimiNaM / / saMghayaNa athira saMThANa-chakka agurulahu cuapjjttN| sAyaM ca asAyaM vA parittuvaMgatiga susrniyN|| bisayarikhao ca carime terasa maNuyatasatiga jsaaijj| subhagajiNuccaM paNiMdiya terasa sAyAsAegayarache o|| gAthArtha-sayogI aura ayogI guNasthAna ke dvicarama samaya taka 85 prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahatI hai| usake bAda devadvika, vihAyogati dvik, gaMdhadvika, ATha sparza, varNa, rasa, zarIra, baMdhana aura saMghAtana ina sabakI pA~ca-pA~ca, nirmANa, saMhanana SaTka, asthiraSaTka, saMsthAnaSaTka, agurulaghucatuSka, aparyApta, sAtA athavA asAtAvedanIya, pratyekatrika, Page #100 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ----- 51 karma-siddhAMta aura puNya-pApa --- upAMgatrika, susvara aura nIca gotra ina 72 prakRtiyoM kA kSaya caudahaveM guNasthAna ke dvicarama samaya meM hotA hai| isake bAda manuSyatrika, trasatrika, yaza-kIrti, Adeya, subhaga, jinanAma, uccagotra, paMcendriya jAti, sAtA athavA asAtA vedanIya, ina teraha prakRtiyoM kI sattA kA kSaya caudahaveM guNasthAna meM aMtima samaya meM hone se AtmA karmarahita hokara mukta ho jAtA hai| -karmagraMtha bhAga 2, gAthA 31-33, gommaTasAra karmakANDa gAthA 340-341 terahaveM sayogI kevalI guNasthAna meM pUrvokta 42 prakRtiyoM kA udaya hotA hai| ina prakRtiyoM meM aghAtI karmoM kI pApa va puNya donoM prakAra kI prakRtiyoM kA udaya hai| isase yaha siddha hotA hai ki mukti ke hetu vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi meM aghAtI karmoM kI puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kA udaya bAdhaka nahIM hai| isI prakAra caudahaveM ayogI kevalI guNasthAna meM aghAtI karmoM kI 85 prakRtiyoM kI sattA dvicarama samaya taka rahatI hai| ina 85 prakRtiyoM meM vedanIya, nAma aura gotra karma kI pApa prakRtiyA~, asAtAvedanIya, nIca gotra evaM anAdeya, ayazakIrti Adi kI sattA bhI hai tathA puNya kI 42 prakRtiyoM ko chor3akara zeSa 38 prakRtiyoM kI sattA hai| jaba vedanIya, nAma, gotra karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyoM kI sattA bhI vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi va zukla dhyAna meM bAdhaka nahIM hai taba puNya prakRtiyoM kI sattA vItarAgatA meM va zukla dhyAna meM bAdhaka hone kI bAta to socI bhI nahIM jA sktii| ata: "puNya karma vItarAgatA va mukti meM bAdhaka hai" yaha mAnyatA nirAdhAra hai| utkarSaNa-apakarSaNa-saMkramaNa kammANaM saMbaMdho baMdho, ukkaDaNaM have vddddii| saMkamaNamaNatthagadI hANI okaTTaNaM nnaam|| karmoM kA AtmA ke sAtha saMbaMdha honA baMdha hai| sattA meM sthita karmoM Page #101 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa tattva kI sthiti va anubhAga kA bar3hanA utkarSaNa hai evaM sthiti va anubhAga kA kama honA apakarSaNa hai aura anya prakRti rUpa pariNamana yA rUpAntaraNa honA saMkramaNa hai| -gommaTasAra karmakANDa, 438 52 saMkleza pariNAmoM se pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga kA utkarSaNa, puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA apakarSaNa evaM puNya prakRtiyoM kA apanI sajAtIya pApa prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai| vizuddha pariNAmoM se puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA utkarSaNa, pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga kA apakarSaNa evaM pApa prakRtiyoM kA apanI sajAtIya puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai arthAt vizuddha bhAvoM se puNya karmoM kA upArjana hotA hai, sAtha hI sattA meM sthita pApa-prakRtiyoM kA sajAtIya puNya - prakRtiyoM meM rUpAntaraNa hotA hai jisase puNya karmoM meM abhivRddhi hotI hai| baMdhukkaTTaNakaraNaM sagasagabaMdhotti hodi niyameNa / saMkamaNaM karaNaM puNa sagasagajAdINa baMdhotti / / arthAt baMdhakaraNa aura utkarSaNa karaNa, ye donoM apanI-apanI prakRtiyoM kI baMdhavyucchitti paryanta hote haiM aura apanI-apanI jAti kI prakRtiyoM kI jahA~ baMdha vyucchitti hotI hai vahA~ taka inakA saMkramaNa hotA hai| - gommaTasAra karmakANDa, 444 Upara karmoM ke baMdha, udaya, udIraNA va sattA, utkarSaNa, apakarSaNa, apavartana evaM saMkramaNa ke pariprekSya meM puNya-pApa kA vivecana kiyA gayA hai| usI para yahA~ ghAtI- aghAtI karma prakRtiyoM kI dRSTi se vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| AtmA ke vikAsa va hrAsa kA AdhAra AtmA ke guNoM kA vikAsa evaM hrAsa hai| jina karma - prakRtiyoM se AtmA ke guNoM kA hrAsa (hAni) ho, unheM ghAtIkarma kahA gayA hai aura jina karmaprakRtiyoM se AtmA ke guNoM kA Page #102 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ karma - siddhAMta aura puNya-pApa aMzamAtra bhI ghAta nahIM ho, unheM aghAtI karma kahA gayA hai| ghAtI karma hI AtmA ke guNoM ke ghAtaka haiN| ata: sAdhaka ke lie inakA hI kSaya karanA Avazyaka hai| aghAtI karma prakRtiyoM kI sattA kA pUrNa kSaya kSapaka zreNI, vItarAgatA evaM kevalI samudghAta se bhI nahIM hotA hai| 53 jJAnAvaraNa kI 5, darzanAvaraNa kI 9, mohanIya kI 28 evaM aMtarAya karma kI 5 ye kula 47 karma prakRtiyA~ ghAtI haiN| ye hI AtmA ke guNoM kA ghAta karane vAlI haiN| ataH ye saba pApa prakRtiyA~ AtmA ke lie ghora ahitakArI haiN| zeSa vedanIya kI 2, Ayukarma kI 4, nAma karma kI 67 aura gotra karma kI 2 prakRtiyA~ - ina cAra karmoM kI ye kula 75 prakRtiyA~ aghAtI haiN| inhIM 75 prakRtiyoM meM sAtAvedanIya, tiryaMca - manuSya-deva Ayu, ucca gotra tathA nAma karma kI 37 zubha prakRtiyA~, ye kula 42 prakRtiyA~ puNya karma kI haiM, zeSa prakRtiyA~ pApa karma kI haiN| aghAtI karma ke puNya-pApa kI kisI bhI prakRti ke baMdha, udaya va sattA se jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kA ghAta nahIM hotA hai| ata: ye sAdhanA meM, Atma-vikAsa meM va mukti ke mArga meM bAdhaka nahIM haiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki caudahaveM ayogI guNasthAna ke dvicarama samaya taka cAroM aghAtI karmoM kI puNya-pApa kI prakRtiyoM kI sattA rahane para bhI kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana Adi kSAyika labdhiyA~ prakaTa hone meM bAdhA upasthita nahIM hotii| apitu manuSya gati, paMcendriya jAti, subhaga, Adeya, yaza:kIrti Adi puNya-prakRtiyoM ke udaya kI avasthA meM hI sAdhutva (mahAvrata) tathA vItarAgatA kI sAdhanA evaM kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana kI utpatti saMbhava hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki puNya karma-prakRtiyA~ mukti-prApti kI sAdhanA meM bAdhaka nahIM haiM, apitu Avazyaka haiN| Page #103 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 54 --- --- puNya-pApa tattva karma-siddhAMta kA yaha niyama hai ki vedanIya, gotra va nAma karma kI sAtAvedanIya, uccagotra, subhaga, Adeya Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA akSuNNa va utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha hone se pUrva ina puNya-prakRtiyoM kA baMdha ruka jAne para inakI virodhinI asAtAvedanIya, nIcagotra, durbhaga, anAdeya Adi pApa prakRtiyoM kA Asrava va baMdha avazya hotA hai arthAt puNya-prakRtiyoM ke jIvana paryanta ke lie utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha ke svAmI vItarAga jIvoM ko chor3akara zeSa jIvoM ke puNya prakRtiyoM kA baMdha ruka jAne para unakI virodhinI pApa prakRtiyoM kA baMdha niyama se hotA hai| ata: karma siddhAntAnusAra puNya kA virodha va nirodha karanA pApa karmoM kA AhvAna karanA va AmantraNa denA hai| 'karmasiddhAMta meM puNya-pApa' viSayaka uparyukta nirUpaNa zvetAmbara evaM digambara karma sAhitya meM sarvamAnya hai| karma-siddhAMta saMbaMdhI zvetAmbara sAhitya karmagrantha, paMcasaMgraha, karmaprakRti, bhagavatI sUtra, pannavaNA sUtra Adi granthoM meM tathA digambara sAhitya SaTkhaNDAgama va usakI dhavalA-mahAdhavalA TIkA, gommaTasAra, kaSAyapAhuDa va usakI cUrNi tathA jayadhavalA TIkA Adi graMthoM meM kahIM para bhI, kucha bhI matabheda nahIM hai| 000 Page #104 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (8) tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa pUrva ke prakaraNa meM karma-siddhAMta ke pariprekSya meM puNya-pApa karmoM kA saMkSepa meM vivecana kiyA jA rahA hai| karmasiddhAMta aura tattvajJAna meM aMtara yaha hai ki karmasiddhAMta meM vizva ke svarUpa kA evaM saMsArI jIva kI karma janya vividha avasthAoM kA varNana hai| isameM heya-upAdeya kA vivecana nahIM hai| tattvajJAna kA varNana Atma-vikAsa va sAdhanA kI dRSTi se heya-upAdeya ke rUpa meM kiyA gayA hai| jaina dharma kA mukhya lakSya mokSa prApta karanA hai, sarvabaMdhanoM se mukti pAnA hai| ata: tattvajJAna kA samasta vivecana isI dRSTi se hai| cetana aura acetana ke svarUpa kA pratipAdana jIva aura ajIva tattva meM kiyA gayA hai| jIva kA kaunasA bhAva, prayAsa va pravRtti usake sAdhya mokSa kI prApti meM, AtmA kI pavitratA meM sahAyaka hai use puNya tattva meM tathA kaunasA bhAva va pravRtti mukti meM bAdhaka va AtmA ke patana meM hetu hai use pApa tattva meM pratipAdita kiyA gayA hai| usa pApa pravRtti meM pApakarmoM kA sarjana va baMdhana hone kA varNana Asrava va baMdha tattva meM kiyA gayA hai| Asrava ke nirodha ke hetuoM kA varNana saMvara tattva meM aura baMdha ke kSaya ke hetuoM kA varNana nirjarA tattva meM kiyA gayA hai| apane lakSya mukti ke svarUpa va usakI prApti kI sAdhanA kA varNana mokSa tattva meM kiyA gayA hai| tattvoM kA isa prakAra kA pratipAdana paM. zrI sukhalAlajI saMghavI ne tattvArtha sUtra Page #105 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 56 --- puNya-pApa tattva adhyayana 1, sUtra 4 kI TIkA meM kiyA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki jaina darzana meM Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha aura mokSa tattvoM kA vivecana mukhyata: pApa ko dRSTi meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai| vItarAga ke atirikta zeSa samasta jIvoM meM AMzika guNa aura AMzika doSa haiN| guNa svAbhAvika haiM aura saba jIvoM ko svataH prApta haiN| doSa prANI ke dvArA paidA kie gaye haiN| doSoM ne hI guNoM ko AcchAdita kiyA hai| ata: guNa ke prakaTa na hone meM doSa hI kAraNa haiN| doSa jitane-jitane aMza meM kama hote jAte haiM utane-utane aMza meM guNa prakaTa hote jAte haiM, AtmA pavitra hotI jAtI hai| AtmA kA pavitra honA hI puNya hai| doSa pApa haiN| inase pApa karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai aura guNoM se AtmA ke pavitra hone se puNya karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| isaliye sabhI prANiyoM ke jitane aMza meM doSa haiM utane pApa karma baMdhate haiM aura jitane aMza meM doSoM kI kamI hotI jAtI hai, guNa prakaTa hote jAte haiM, utane aMzoM meM puNya karmoM ke upArjana se vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| puNya kA upArjana pApa kI kamI se hI hotA hai| ata: doSa miTAne kA dAyitva jIva kA hai| doSoM ko, pApoM ko miTAnA hI sAdhanA hai, duHkhoM se mukti pAnA hai| AgamoM meM jo bhI tattvoM kA varNana kiyA gayA hai vaha doSoM ko dUra karane ko arthAt sAdhanA va mukti prApti ko lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai| doSa miTane se guNoM kI abhivyakti evaM puNya karmoM kA upArjana va vRddhi niHsarga se svata: hotI hai| isake lie anya koI prayatna nahIM karanA par3atA hai| puNya-karma pApa kI kamI kA, AtmA kI pavitratA kA, Atma-zuddhi kA, Atma-vikAsa kA sUcaka hai| jaisA ki kahA hai punAti AtmAnam iti punnym| -sthAnAMga sUtra TIkA evaM sarvArthasiddhi TIkA 6.3 Page #106 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa ------ ------ 57 'pAtayati AtmAnam iti pApam' arthAt jisase AtmA pavitra ho, zuddha ho vaha puNya hai aura jisase AtmA kA patana ho, AtmA apavitra ho, azuddha ho vaha pApa hai (abhidhAna rAjendra koSa, khaNDa 5, pRSTha 76) AtmA pavitra va zuddha zubha yoga se, sadpravRtti se hotI hai aura apavitra va azuddha azubha yoga se, duSpravRtti se hotI hai| zubha yoga aura azubha yoga kA hetu vizuddhi aura saMkleza pariNAma hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ina kaSAyoM meM vRddhi honA saMkleza pariNAma hai aura jIva ke pariNAmoM meM samutpanna arthAt vidyamAna kaSAyoM meM hAni honA vizuddhi pariNAma hai, jaisA ki kahA hai ____ko saMkile so NAma? koha-mAna-mAyA-loha pariNAmavise so| ko visohiNAma? jesu jIvapariNAmesu samupaNNesu hAni hodi| -jayadhavalA TIkA pustaka 4, pRSTha 15 va 41 vizuddha pariNAma se yogoM meM zubhatA bar3hatI hai aura saMkleza pariNAma se yogoM meM azubhatA bar3hatI hai| vizuddha pariNAmoM evaM tajjanya zubha yogoMsadpravRttiyoM se AtmA pavitra hotI hai| pariNAmoM kI yaha vizuddhatA arthAt car3hate pariNAma; bhAva puNya tattva hai aura sadpravRttiyA~ dravya puNya tattva haiN| isake viparIta saMkleza pariNAmoM evaM tajjanya azubha yogoM-duSpravRttiyoM se AtmA kA patana hotA hai, AtmA apavitra hotI hai| pariNAmoM kI saMkliSTatA arthAt girate pariNAma, bhAva pApa tattva haiM aura duSpravRttiyA~ dravya pApa tattva haiN| puNya aura pApa tattvoM kA AdhAra jIva ke pariNAmoM kI zuddhatA-azuddhatA para nirbhara hai| udAharaNArtha-DaoNkTara va DAkU donoM chure se peTa cIrane kI pravRtti karate haiM paraMtu isa pravRtti meM DaoNkTara kA pariNAma rogI ke prANoM kI rakSA karanA hai aura DAkU kA pariNAma vyakti ke prANa hanana karanA hai| ata: DaoNkTara kA pariNAma anukaMpA yukta hone se usakI pravRtti zubhayoga hai, puNya hai aura DAkU ke pariNAma azuddha, krUra hone se usakI pravRtti azubha Page #107 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 58 ------ --- puNya-pApa tattva yoga hai, pApa hai| inhIM puNya-pApa pariNAmoM se va pravRttiyoM se puNya-pApa kA Asrava hotA hai| puNya pariNAma jIva ke lie kalyANakArI haiM, jaisA ki jJAtAdharmakathA sUtra ke prathama adhyayana meM bhagavAna mahAvIra ne meghakumAra ko pratibodha dete hue pharamAyA hai-tuma mehA! tAe pANANukaMpayAe bhUyANukaMpayAe jIvANukaMpayAe sattANukaMpayAe saMsAre parittIkae mANussAU nibaddhe / artha- "he megha! tumane usa prANAnukaMpA, bhUtAnukaMpA, jIvAnukaMpA tathA sattvAnukaMpA se saMsAra parIta kiyA aura manuSyAyu kA baMdha kiyaa|" isameM anukaMpA ko sarva karmoM kA kSaya kara saMsAra sImita karane kA tathA manuSyAyu rUpa puNya karmabaMdha kA hetu batAyA hai| isI jJAtAdharmakathA meM Age adhyayana 8 meM tIrthaGkara nAmagotra karma ke 20 hetu batAye haiM, yathA arahaMta siddha pavayaNa guru, thera bahussue tvssiisuN| vacchallayA ya tesiM abhikkhanANovaoge y| dasaNa-viNaya-Avassae, sIlavvae niraiyAro, khaNalavatavaciyAe veyAvacce samAhI y||2|| apuvvanANagahaNe suyabhattI pavayaNe pbhaavnnyaa| eehiM kAraNehiM titthayarattaM lahai so u||3|| artha-1. arihaMta, 2. siddha, 3. pravacana, 4. guru, 5. sthavira, 6. bahuzruta, 7. tapasvI ke prati vatsalatA, 8. abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga, 9. darzana, 10. vinaya, 11. cha: Avazyaka, 12. niraticAra zIla pAlana, 13. kSaNalava, 14. tapa, 15. tyAga, 16. vaiyAvRttya, 17. samAdhi, 18. apUrvajJAna grahaNa, 19. suzruta bhakti, 20. pravacana prbhaavnaa| ina bIsa boloM se tIrthaGkara nAma karma kA upArjana hotA hai| isameM niraticAra vrata pAlana, tapa, saMyama Adi ke tyAga rUpa nivRtti dharma ko tathA vAtsalya, vaiyAvRttya, jJAna grahaNa rUpa sadpravRtti ko puNya upArjana kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| Page #108 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa Asrava tattva kA AdhAra pApa hai, 59 puNya nahIM Asrava tattva-karmoM ke Ane ko Asrava kahate haiN| puNya evaM pApa ke Asrava ke saMbaMdha meM kahA hai puNNAsava bhUdA aNukaMpA suddhao va uvjoo| vivarIo pAvassa hu AsavaheuM viyANAhiM / / -bhagavatI ArAdhanA gAthA 1828, kasAya pAhuDa, jaya dhavalA TIkA, pustaka 1, pRSTha 96 kI anukaMpA arthAt sadpravRttiyoM se aura zuddhopayoga arthAt pariNAmoM zuddhatA se puNya karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai| isake viparIta pApa ke Asrava ke hetu haiM arthAt azuddhopayoga, pariNAmoM kI azuddhatA evaM nirdayatA va duSpravRttiyoM se pApa karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai| mokSazAstra-tattvArthasUtra ke chaThe adhyAya meM Asrava ke hetuoM ke saMbaMdha meM kahA hai-"zubhaH puNyasya, azubhaH pApasya" arthAt zubha yoga `puNya ke Asrava ke hetu haiM aura azubhayoga pApa ke Asrava ke hetu haiN| yahA~ zubha aura azubha yoga kA AdhAra zubha aura azubha karma prakRtiyoM kA baMdha honA nahIM hai, apitu vidyamAna puNya-pApa karmoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hAni honA hai| kAraNa ki yadi pApa karmoM ke baMdha hone ke AdhAra para pApAsrava mAnA jAya to dasaveM guNasthAna taka jJAnAvaraNa, darzanAvaraNa Adi pApa karma prakRtiyoM kA satata baMdha hotA rahatA hai| ata: dasaveM guNasthAna taka azubha yoga hI mAnanA par3egA, zubha yoga nhiiN| isI prakAra AThaveM guNasthAna taka agurulaghu, nirmANa, taijasa, kArmaNa zarIra Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA baMdha bhI niraMtara hotA rahatA hai tathA dasaveM guNasthAna meM uccagotra, yazakIrti Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA baMdha hotA hai| ata: yahA~ taka zubha yoga hI mAnanA hogA, azubha yoga nhiiN| isa prakAra dasaveM guNasthAna taka zubhayoga aura azubhayoga ina donoM yogoM kA honA aura na honA yugapat mAnanA par3egA jo ucita nahIM Page #109 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 60 puNya-pApa tattva hai| Asrava kA artha hai-Agamana arthAt vidyamAna meM vRddhi honA / ata: jisase zubha (puNya) karmoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi ho vaha puNyAsrava hai, zubha yoga hai aura jisase azubha (pApa) karmoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi ho vaha pApAsrava hai, azubha yoga hai| isI tathya kA samarthana prajJAcakSu paM. zrI sukhalAlajI saMghavI ne tattvArtha sUtra adhyayana 6, sUtra 4 kI TIkA meM kiyA hai| Upara gAthA meM puNya karma ke Asrava kA hetu zuddhopayoga ko kahA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki puNya kA Asrava va upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se hotA hai aura kaSAya kI kamI honA zuddhatA ke abhimukha honA, zuddhopayoga hai (samayasAra tAtparyavRtti gAthA 320 ) / puNyAsrava-vedanIya, Ayu, nAma aura gotra ina cAroM aghAtI karmoM meM hI puNya prakRtiyA~ hotI haiN| ina cAroM karmoM kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana arthAt puNya kA Asrava cAroM kaSAyoM kI kamI se hotA hai| yathA vedanIya karma-vedanIya karma kI do prakRtiyA~ haiM- sAtA vedanIya aura asaataavedniiy| sAtAvedanIya puNya prakRti hai aura asAtA vedanIya pApa prakRti hai| inake baMdha ke hetu haiM duHkha-zoka-tApA - krndn-vdh-privednaanyaatm-probhy-sthaanysdvedysy| 'bhUta vratyanukaMpAdAnaM sarAgasaMyamAdi yoga:, kSAntiH zaucamiti sdvedysy|| -tattvArtha sUtra adhyayana 6/12-13 arthAt du:kha denA, zoka paidA karanA, tApa denA, AkraMdana karanA, vadha karanA aura parivedana, ye asAtAvedanIya ke hetu haiN| ye saba anukaMpA evaM kSamAzIlatA ke abhAva ke sUcaka krodha kaSAya ke rUpa haiN| isake viparIta bhUta - vratI - anukaMpA, dAna, sarAgasaMyamAdi yoga, kSAnti aura zauca, ye sAtAvedanIya karma ke baMdha ke hetu haiN| Page #110 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ------- 61 tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa ---- kSAnti krodha ke abhAva meM hI hotI hai| ataH krodha kaSAya kA abhAva, upazama yA kSaya hI sAtAvedanIya kA hetu hai| isI siddhAMta kA pratipAdana bhagavatI sUtra zataka 7 uddezaka 6 meM kiyA gayA hai| Ayukarma-Ayu karma kI cAra prakRtiyA~ haiN| inameM se narakAyu azubha hai aura tiryaJcAyu, manuSyAyu va devAyu zubha haiN| inake baMdha ke hetu haiM bahvA-rambhaparigrahatvaM ca naarksyaayussH| mAyA tairygyonsy| alpArambhaparigrahatvaM svabhAvamArdavArjavaM ca maanusssy| sarAga saMyama-saMyamAsaMyamA'kAma-nirjarA-bAlatapAMsi devsy| -tattvArtha sUtra adhyayana 6, sUtra 16-18 evaM 20 bahuta AraMbha-parigraha arthAt lobha kaSAya narakAyu ke baMdha kA hetu hai| mAyA kaSAya tiryaJca gati va Ayu ke baMdha kA hetu hai| alpa AraMbhaparigraha, svabhAva kI mRdutA va saralatA, ye manuSyAyu ke hetu hai| AraMbhaparigraha meM kamI honA lobha-kaSAya kI kamI kA, svabhAva kI mRdutA mAna kaSAya kI kamI kA aura saralatA mAyA kaSAya kI kamI kA abhivyaktaka hai| arthAt lobha, mAna aura mAyA kaSAya kI kamI se manuSyAyu kA baMdha hotA hai| sarAga saMyama, saMyamAsaMyama, akAma nirjarA, bAlatapa aura samyaktva ye devAyu ke hetu haiN| devAyu kA utkRSTabaMdha apramatta sAdhu hI karatA hai| ata: sAdhutva hI devAyu ke baMdha kA hetu hai| isI tathya kA pratipAdana bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 9 meM kiyA gayA hai| nAmakarma-nAma karma kI 93 yA 67 prakRtiyA~ haiN| ina 67 prakRtiyoM meM 37 prakRtiyA~ puNya kI haiM zeSa pApa karma kI haiN| inake baMdha ke hetu haiM yogavakratA visaMvAdanaM cAzubhasya naamnH| viparItaM shubhsy| 'mana, vacana aura kAyA ke yogoM kI vakratA arthAt mAyA kaSAya Page #111 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 62 --- -- puNya-pApa tattva azubha nAma karma kI prakRtiyoM ke baMdha kA hetu hai aura isake viparIta arthAt mana, vacana, kAyA ke yogoM kI saralatA rUpa mAyA kaSAya kI kamI zubha nAma karma kI prakRtiyoM kI hetu hai| isI kA pratipAdana bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 9 meM tathA uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke adhyayana 29 meM kiyA gayA hai| -tattvArtha sUtra adhyayana 6, sUtra 21-22 gotrakarma-gotra karma kI do prakRtiyA~ haiN| inameM se ucca gotra zubha aura nIca gotra azubha hai| inake baMdha ke hetu haiMparAtmaniMdAprazaMse sadasad-guNAcchAdanodbhAvane ca niicairgotrsy|| tadviparyayo nIcairvRttyanutseko cottrsy| paranindA, AtmaprazaMsA, sadguNoM kA AcchAdana, asadguNoM kA prakAzana arthAt mAna kaSAya nIca gotra ke baMdha kA hetu hai aura isake viparIta arthAt mAna kaSAya kI kamI ucca gotra ke baMdha kI hetu hai| bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 9 meM kahA gayA hai ki jAti, kula, bala, zruta Adi kA mada, abhimAna karane se nIca gotra kA aura mada na karane se arthAt nirabhimAnatA-vinamratA se ucca gotra kA baMdha hotA hai| -tattvArtha sUtra adhyayana 6, sUtra 24-25 vaMdaNaeNa nIyAgoyaM kammaM khavei, uccAgoyaM kammaM nibNdhi|| arthAt vaMdanA se jIva nIca gotra karma kA kSaya karatA hai aura ucca gotra karma kA baMdha karatA hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 10 tAtparya yaha hai ki krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobha kaSAya se kramaza: vedanIya, gotra, nAma va Ayu ina cAroM karmoM kI azubha (pApa) prakRtiyoM kA baMdha hotA hai| ina kaSAyoM kI kamI se ina karmoM kI zubha prakRtiyoM kA baMdha hotA hai| krodha kaSAya kI kamI se kSamA va anukaMpA guNa prakaTa hotA Page #112 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa namratA, hai jo sAtAvedanIya ke baMdha kA hetu hai| mAna kaSAya kI kamI se mRdutA - nirabhimAnA prakaTa hotA hai jo ucca gotra ke baMdha kA hetu hai / mAyA kaSAya kI kamI se saralatA kA guNa prakaTa hotA hai jo nAma karma kI zubha prakRtiyoM ke baMdha kA hetu tathA lobha kaSAya kI kamI se nirlobhatA kA guNa prakaTa hotA hai jo zubha Ayu ke baMdha kA hetu hai| isa prakAra kaSAya kI, pApa kI kamI se samasta puNya prakRtiyoM kA Asrava niyama se hotA hai| koI sAdhaka kaSAya kI kamI va kSaya kare aura usake puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubaMdha na ho yaha kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| ina cAroM hI karmoM kI sAtAvedanIya, manuSyAyu, ucca gotra, manuSyagati, yazakIrti Adi 12 puNya prakRtiyoM kA udaya caudahaveM guNasthAna meM mukti-prApti ke aMtima samaya taka rahatA hai| puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA kSaya kaSAya ke udaya se hI hotA hai| ataH inake anubhAva kA kSaya kisI bhI sAdhanA se saMbhava nahIM hai| sabhI sAdhanAoM se inakA anubhAga bar3hatA hI hai, ghaTatA nahIM hai / isIlie puNya ke upArjana ko Asrava tattva ke kisI bhI bheda meM nahIM liyA gayA hai yathA iMdiya kasAya - avvaya - jogA paMca cau paMca tinnikammA / kiriyAo paNavIsaM imAu tAo anukkmso|| 63 arthAt pA~ca indriyA~, cAra kaSAya, pA~ca avrata, tIna yoga aura paccIsa kriyAe~, ye Asrava ke 42 bheda haiN| tattvArtha sUtra adhyAya 6 ke sUtra meM Asrava ke bheda isa prakAra haiM 6 indriyakaSAyAvratakriyA: paMcacatuH paMcapaMcaviMzatisaMkhyA: pUrvasya bhedA: / arthAt avrata 5, kaSAya 4, indriyA~ 5, kriyAe~ 25, ye 39 sAMparAyika Asrava ke bheda haiN| ina bhedoM meM tIna yogoM ke milAne se 42 bheda ho jAte haiN| ina 42 Asrava ke bhedoM meM karma upArjana ke hetuoM meM kevala Page #113 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 64 --- ----- puNya-pApa tattva pApAsrava kA hI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| vrata, pratyAkhyAna, tyAga-tapa se tathA dayA, dAna, anukaMpA Adi zubha yogoM se hone vAle puNyAsrava ke hetuoM ko nahIM liyA gayA hai| isakA kAraNa yaha hai ki jaina dharma meM sAdhaka ke lie pApa ke Asrava ke tyAga kA hI upadeza hai, puNyAsrava ke tyAga kA upadeza nahIM hai| yadi puNyAsrava ko Asrava tattva meM ginA jAtA to sAdhaka ke lie isakA nirodha va tyAga Avazyaka hotaa| sAdhanA kAla meM arthAt dasaveM guNasthAna taka jaba bhI puNya prakRtiyoM ke Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai to unakI virodhinI pApa prakRtiyoM kA Asrava avazya hotA hai| jaise sAtAvedanIya, ucca gotra, yazakIrti nAma, Adeya nAma Adi puNya prakRtiyoM ke Asrava kA nirodha hone para asAtAvedanIya, nIca gotra, ayazakIrti nAma, anAdeya nAma Adi pApa prakRtiyoM kA Asrava va baMdha avazya hotA hai| ata: puNya prakRtiyoM ke Asrava ke nirodha kA artha hai pApa prakRtiyoM ke Asrava va baMdha ko AmaMtraNa denA, AhvAna krnaa| jo jIva ke lie ahitakara hai arthAt puNya ke Asrava kA nirodha pApa ke Asrava kA hetu hai| puNya kA Asrava zubha yoga se hotA hai| ata: puNya ke Asrava kA nirodha tabhI saMbhava hai, jaba zubha yoga ho| kAraNa ki saMsAra ke samasta jIvoM ke zubha aura azubha ina donoM yogoM meM se eka yoga avazya hI rahatA hai| ata: zubha yoga ke abhAva meM azubha yoga avazya hotA hai jo pApAsrava kA hetu hai| ata: jahA~ yoga ko Asrava kA hetu kahA hai vahA~ azubha yoga hI grAhya hai, puNyAsrava nhiiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki Asrava tattva ke bhedoM meM pApa va pApa karmoM ke baMdha ke hetu mithyAtva, avrata, kaSAya va azubha yoga ko hI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| puNya tattva va puNya karma prakRtiyoM ke Asrava va baMdha ke hetu samyagdarzana, vrata, pratyAkhyAna, saMyama, tyAga, tapa, dharmadhyAna, zukladhyAna, zubha yoga Adi ko grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| apitu inheM Asrava nirodha kA kAraNa batAyA hai, yathA Page #114 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ------ 65 tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa --- paMcasamio tigutto, akasAo jiiNdiyo| agAravo ya Nissallo, jIvo havai annaasvo|| artha-pA~ca samiti vAlA, tIna gupti vAlA, kaSAya rahita, jitendriya, tIna gArava rahita aura tIna zalya rahita jIva anAsravI hotA hai| saMvara tattva niruddhAsave sNvro| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, gAthA 11 AsravanirodhaH sNvrH|| -tattvArtha sUtra, adhyayana 9, sUtra 1 arthAt Asrava kA nirodha honA, ruka jAnA saMvara hai| yaha kathana pApa ke Asrava ke nirodha se hI saMbaMdhita hai, puNya ke Asrava ke nirodha se nhiiN| jaisAki uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, pRcchA 55 meM kahA haisaMvareNaM kAyagutte puNo pAvAsavaNirohaM krei| arthAt saMvara se pApa ke Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai| saMvara tattva meM saMvara ke 57 bheda kahe gaye haiM samiti guttI dhammo aNuppehA parIsaha carittaM v| sattAvannaM bheyA paNatigabheyAiM sNvrnne| -sthAnAMga vRtti sthAna sa gupti-smiti-dhrmaanuprekssaa-prisshjy-caaritraiH| -tattvArtha sUtra, adhyayana 9, sUtra 2 arthAt saMvara samiti, gupti, dharma, anuprekSA, parISaha jaya aura cAritra rUpa hai| jisake kramaza 5, 3, 10, 12, 22 aura 5 kula 57 bheda hote haiN| ina 57 bhedoM meM eka meM bhI puNya ke Asrava kA nirodha nahIM hai| ina sabase puNya ke anubhAva meM vRddhi hI hotI hai| Page #115 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 66 --- puNya-pApa tattva saMvara ke mukhya pA~ca bheda haiM-jo Asrava nirodha ke haiN| yathA1. samyaktva saMvara-yaha mithyAtva pApa ke Asrava kA nirodha karatA hai| 2. virati saMvara-yaha aviratibhAva-prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda, adattAdAna, maithuna aura parigraha ina pApoM ke Asrava kA nirodha karatA hai| 3. apramAda saMvara-yaha pramAda se hone vAle pApa karmoM kA nirodha karatA hai| 4. akaSAya saMvara-yaha krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha, rati, arati, rAga, dveSa ina pApoM ke Asrava kA nirodha karatA hai| 5. zubhayoga saMvara-yaha azubha yoga, paraparivAda, kalaha, abhyAkhyAna Adi duSpravRttiyoM ke pApAsrava kA nirodha karatA hai| ___ saMvara ke 57 bhedoM meM zubha yoga meM vRddhi hotI hai jo puNya ke Asrava kI hetu hai| ina sabase puNya karma ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai aura inakA anubhAga kabhI bhI catu:sthAnika se ghaTatA nahIM hai| ata: puNya karma ke nirodha kI dRSTi se inheM saMvara nahIM kahA hai, apitu puNya prakRtiyoM kA Asrava hone se inakI virodhinI va anya pApa karma kI prakRtiyoM ke Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai, vahI saMvara hai| ata: pApa ke Asrava ke nirodha ko hI saMvara tattva meM sthAna diyA gayA hai| puNya ke Asrava ke nirodha ko saMvara nahIM kahA gayA hai| ata: pApa kA Asrava hI tyAjya hai| pApa ke Asrava ke tyAga se puNya kA Asrava svataH hotA hai| isa prakAra saMvara ke samasta bheda-prabheda pApAsrava ke hI nirodhaka haiN| kisI bhI bheda se puNya ke Asrava kA nirodha nahIM hotA hai| Page #116 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa ---- ---------- 67 zubha yoga ko saMvara kyoM kahA? tattvArtha sUtra adhyayana 6 sUtra 3 meM zubhaH puNyasya' kahA hai arthAt zubha yoga se puNya kA Asrava hotA hai| yahA~ prazna uThanA svAbhAvika hai ki zubhayoga Asrava kA hetu hai, ata: use saMvara kyoM kahA jAe? uttara meM kahanA hai ki-jainAgama meM Asrava-saMvara tattvoM kA vivecana mokSa-prApti kI sAdhanA kI dRSTi se kiyA gayA hai| mokSa-prApti meM pApa hI bAdhaka hai, puNya nhiiN| ata: Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha, mokSa Adi tattvoM kA vivecana pApa ko hI lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai| kAraNa ki prANI pApa se, kaSAya se hI karmoM kA baMdha karatA hai, saMsAra ko bar3hAtA hai va saMsAra meM paribhramaNa karatA hai| ata: pApa hI heya va tyAjya hai, pApa ke kSaya se hI vItarAgatA va mukti kI upalabdhi saMbhava hai| pApa kA avarodha va nirodha hone para puNya svataH hotA hai| prANI pApa meM jitanI kamI karatA hai, utanI hI puNya meM vRddhi hotI hai| azubha yoga pApa hai, jisase pApa kA Asrava va baMdha hotA hai| azubha yoga meM kamI hone se zubha yoga hotA hai| jisase zubha yoga janya pApakarmoM ke Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai, navIna pApakarmoM kA baMdha rukatA hai tathA pUrva meM ba~dhe hue pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| jaise sAtAvedanIya ke Asrava se asAtAvedanIya pApa karma kA, ucca gotra se nIca gotra pApa karma kA, zubha nAma karma se azubha nAma karma kI pApa prakRtiyoM ke Asrava kA nirodha niyama se hotA hai tathA pUrva meM ba~dhI huI inakI pApa prakRtiyoM ke sthiti va anubhAga kA ghAta bhI hotA hai| isa prakAra puNya ke Asrava se pApa karmoM ke Asrava kA nirodha tathA pUrva meM ba~dhe pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| jisase AtmA mukti ke patha para Age bar3hatI hai| isa prakAra pApa ke Asrava ke nirodha kA hetu hone se zubha yoga ko saMvara kahA hai| zubha yoga se pApa karmoM ke Asrava kA nirodha to hotA hI hai, sAtha hI ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya bhI hotA hai| yathA Page #117 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 68 ------ ---- puNya-pApa tattva garihaNayAe NaM apurakkAraM jaNayai! apurakkAragae NaM jIve appasatthehiMto jogehiMto niyattei, pasatthe ya pddivjji| pasatthajogapaDivanne ya NaM aNagAre aNaMtaghAi-pajjave khvei| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 7 sAdhaka garhaNA se apuraskAra Atma-namratA pAtA hai tathA AtmanamratA se aprazasta yogoM se nivRtta hokara prazasta yogoM ko prApta karatA hai| prazasta yogoM ko prApta anagAra jJAnAvaraNAdi ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya karatA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 29veM adhyayana meM tihattara boloM kI pRcchA kI gaI hai| inameM se sAdhanA kI pratyeka kriyA se purAne pApa karmoM kA kSaya, navIna pApa karmoM ke baMdha kA nirodha evaM puNya karmoM kA upArjana honA kahA gayA hai| yahA~ isa sAtaveM bola meM bhI kahA gayA hai ki gardA se aprazasta yogoM se nivRtta hotA hai aura prazasta yogoM meM pravRtta hotA hai tathA prazasta arthAt zubha yogoM se ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya hone se pUrva nirdoSatA AtI hai jisase kevala jJAna, kevala darzana, kSAyika cAritra Adi samasta Atmika guNoM kI ulapabdhi hotI hai aura sAdhaka mukti ko prApta karatA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke uparyukta bhagavad vacana se spaSTa hai ki zubha yoga se aghAtI pApa karma hI nahIM ghAtI karma bhI kSaya hote haiM evaM mukti kI prApti hotI hai| pANivaha-musAvAyA, adatta-mehuNa pariggahA viro| rAibhoyaNa virao, jIvo havai annaasvo|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 30, gAthA 2 prANivadha, mRSAvAda, adattAdAna, maithuna, parigraha evaM rAtri-bhojana se virata jIva anAsrava (Asrava rahita) hotA hai| isa gAthA meM anAsrava hone Page #118 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa ---- ----- 69 arthAt saMvara ke lie pApa ke tyAga ko hI grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, puNya ko nhiiN| "egao viraI kujjA, egao ya pvttnnN| asaMjame niyattiM ca, saMjame ya pvttnnN||" -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 31, gAthA 2 sAdhaka eka ora se virati-nivRtti kare aura eka ora pravRtti kre| asaMyama se nivRtti va saMyama meM pravRtti kre| isa dUsarI gAthA meM pApa pravRtti kA hI niSedha hai aura sadpravRtti karane kA Adeza hai| rAgadose ya do pAve, pAva-kamma pvttnne| je bhikkhU rumbhai niccaM, se na acchai mNddle|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 31, gAthA 3 pApa karma meM pravRtti karAne vAle rAga aura dveSa ye pApa haiM, jo bhikSu inheM rokatA hai, vaha saMsAra sAgara meM paribhramaNa nahIM karatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki jainAgama meM saMvara tattva meM, anAsrava meM kevala pApa ke Asrava ke nirodha ko hI sthAna diyA gayA hai, puNya ke Asrava ke nirodha ko kahIM bhI sthAna nahIM diyA gayA hai| yahI nahIM puNya ke Asrava ke nirodha ko saMvara meM grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| kAraNa ki sakaSAyI jIvoM ke puNya ke Asrava kA nirodha hone para pApa kA Asrava (pApa karmoM ke dalikoM meM vRddhi) niyama se hotA hai| puNya ke Asrava-nirodha kA prayAsa karanA pApa ke Asrava ko AhvAna karanA tathA AmaMtraNa denA hai| isa prakAra uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke ikatIsaveM adhyayana 'caraNa vidhi' meM ikkIsa gAthAoM meM eka se lekara tetIsa bola saMsAra-paribhramaNa se mukta hone ke diye haiN| ina sabameM pApa pravRtti kA hI niSedha kiyA gayA hai, puNya kA Page #119 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 70 --- -- puNya-pApa tattva niSedha kahIM bhI nahIM kiyA gayA hai| uttarAdhyayana ke battIsaveM 'pramAda sthAna' adhyayana meM eka sau gyAraha gAthAoM meM viSaya, kaSAya, rAga, dveSa, moha, tRSNA Adi pApoM ke tyAga ko hI saba du:khoM se mukti pAne kA upAya batAyA hai| kahIM para bhI puNya ko tyAjya nahIM kahA hai| ee dahappayArA pAvakammassa NAsayA bhnniyaa| puNNassa ya saMjaNayA, para puNatthaM Na kaayvvaa|| -kArtiyakeyAnuprekSA, 40 dharma ke dasa bheda pApa karma kA nAza karane vAle tathA puNya karma kA upArjana karane vAle kahe haiM, paraMtu inheM puNya ke lie nahIM karanA caahie| isase spaSTa hai kSamA, saralatA Adi dharmoM se pApa karmoM kA hI kSaya hotA hai, puNya karmoM kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai| apitu inase to puNya karmoM kA upArjana hotA hai| vizuddhi-saMklezAMgaM cet sva-parasthaM sukhaasukhm| puNyapApAsravo yukto na ced vyrthstvaarhtH|| -devAgama kArikA, 95 AcArya zrI samaMtabhadra ke mata meM sukha-du:kha apane ko ho yA dUsare ko ho, vaha yadi vizuddhi kA aMga ho to puNyAsrava kA aura saMkleza kA aMga ho to pApAsrava kA hetu hai| yadi vaha donoM meM se kisI kA bhI aMga nahIM hai to vaha vyartha hai, niSphala hai| sammatteNa sudeNa ya viradIe ksaaynnigghgunnehiN| jo pariNado so punnnno........|| -mUlAcAra 234 samyaktva, zrutajJAna, virati, kaSAyanigraha rUpa guNoM se pariNata AtmA puNya svarUpa hai| jainAgama meM samyaktva, virati, kaSAya nigraha Adi Page #120 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa ---- ----- 71 guNoM ko jIva kA svabhAva va saMvara kahA hai| ata: jahA~ saMvara hai vahA~ puNya hai| ata: saMvara pApa ke nirodha va kSaya kA hI hetu hai, puNya ke nirodha yA kSaya kA nhiiN| zubha yoga mokSa rUpa phala ko pradAna karane vAlA hai| jaisA ki kahA haiprativartanaM vA zubheSu yogeSu mokssphldessu| ni:zalyasya yateryat tadvA jJeyaM pratika mnnm|| -Avazyaka sUtra pratikramaNa kA svarUpa batalAte hue isa zloka meM kahA gayA hai ki zalya rahita muni kA mokSaphala ko pradAna karane vAle zubha yogoM meM uttarottara vartana karanA pratikramaNa hai| yahA~ bhI zubhayoga ko mokSa rUpI phala pradAna karane vAlA kahA gayA hai| nirjarA tattva nirjarA pApa kI hI iSTa hai karmoM ke kSaya hone ko nirjarA kahate haiN| nirjarA ke do prakAra haiMakAma nirjarA aura sakAma nirjraa| akAma nirjarA-kAla prApta hone para karmoM kA svata: udaya meM Akara nirjarita honaa| sakAma nirjarA-tapa se karmoM kA nirjarita (kSaya) honaa| nirjarA tattva meM sakAma nirjarA ko liyA gayA hai| sakAma nirjarA tapa se hotI hai| tapa ke anazana Adi bAraha bheda haiN| tapa se AtmA pavitra hotI hai, jisase puNya karmoM kA upArjana hotA hai aura unake anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| pApa karmoM kA vizeSata: ghAtI karmoM ke anubhAga va sthiti kA kSaya hotA hai| jisase Atma-guNa prakaTa hote haiN| ata: nirjarA tattva meM pApa karmoM kI nirjarA hI iSTa hai, puNya karmoM kI nirjarA nhiiN| kAraNa ki tapa se puNya karmoM kI 32 prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa Page #121 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 72 --- -- puNya-pApa tattva ho jAtA hai, phira yaha anubhAga caudahaveM ayogI kevalI guNasthAna meM aMtima samaya taka utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| kisI bhI sAdhanA se kSINa nahIM hotA hai arthAt usakI nirjarA nahIM hotI hai| tavasA nijjarijjai (uttarA. 30/6) tapasA nirjarA ca (tattvArtha 9/3) arthAt tapa se nirjarA hotI hai| tapa ke 12 bheda haiM-1. anazana 2. UnodarI 3. bhikSAcaryA 4. rasaparityAga 5. kAyakleza 6. pratisaMlInatA 7. prAyazcitta 8. vinaya 9. vaiyAvRttya 10. svAdhyAya 11. dhyAna 12. vyutsrg| (bhagavatI zataka 25 uddezaka 7, uttarAdhyayana 30 gAthA 8 va 30, tattvArtha sUtra 9/19-20) tapa ke bAraha bhedoM meM se kisI se bhI puNya karma kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai, pratyuta puNya kA upArjana hI hotA hai| tapa ke bAraha bhedoM meM svAdhyAya, dhyAna, kAyotsarga Adi tapoM kA vizeSa mahattva hai| ina sabase pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai, paraMtu puNya karmoM kA kSaya na hokara upArjana hotA hai yathAuttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29 pRcchA 18-svAdhyAya se jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSaya hotA hai| pRcchA 20-pratipRcchanA se kAMkSA mohanIya karma kA nAza hotA hai| pacchA 22-sAdhaka anaprekSA se sAta karmoM kI pApa prakatiyoM ke gADha bandhanoM ko zithila baMdha, dIrgha sthiti baMdha ko alpa sthiti baMdha, tIvra anubhAga ko maMda anubhAga, bahupradezI ko alpapradezI karatA hai| pRcchA 43-vaiyAvRttya se tIrthaGkara nAma gotrakarma kA baMdha karatA hai| pRcchA 12-kAyotsarga se Atma-vizuddhi va zubha dhyAna karatA huA sukha se vicaratA hai| Page #122 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa 73 kAya-guttayAe NaM saMvaraM jaNayai / saMvareNaM kAyagutte puNo pAvAsavanirohaM karei / -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 55 kAya gupti meM saMvara hotA hai aura phira saMvara se pApa ke Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai| yahA~ saMvara se pApa ke Asrava kA nirodha honA batAyA hai, puNya ke Asrava kA nahIM / jogasacceNaM jogaM visohei || hotI hai| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 52 satya yoga se yoga (mana-vacana - kAyA kI pravRtti) kI vizuddhi dhammakahAe NaM nijjaraM jaNayai / dhammakahAe NaM pavayaNaM pabhAvei / pavayaNa-pabhAveNaM jIve Agamesassa bhaddattAe kammaM nibaMdhai // -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 23 dharmakathA se jIva ke karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai, dharmakathA se jIva pravacana kI prabhAvanA karatA hai| pravacana kI prabhAvanA se AgAmI kAla ke bhadratA vAle arthAt bhaviSya meM zubha phaladAyaka puNya karmoM kA upArjana karatA hai| dharmakathA dharmadhyAna kI tRtIya bhAvanA hai| isase karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai, sthiti kA kSaya hotA hai aura zubha karmoM kA upArjana (Asrava) hotA hai| puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| jahA u pAvagaM kammaM, rAgadosa samajjiyaM / khavei tavasA bhikkhU, tamegaggamaNo suNa / / -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 30, gAthA 1 bhikSu rAga-dveSa se upArjita pApa karma kA kSaya tapa se jisa prakAra karatA hai use ekAgracitta hokara suno Page #123 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 74 --- --- puNya-pApa tattva jahA mahAtalAyassa, sanniruddha jlaagme| ussiMcaNAe tavaNAe, kammeNaM sosaNA bhave / / evaM tu saMjayassAvi, paavkmmniraasve| bhavakoDI-saMciyaM kamma, tavasA nijjrijji|| __-uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 30, gAthA 5-6 jisa prakAra kisI bar3e tAlAba meM naye jala ke Ane ko roka dene para pUrva jala ko ulIcane se evaM sUrya ke Atapa se pahale kA jala sUkha jAtA hai, isI prakAra saMyamI sAdhu ke bhI pApa karmoM kA Asrava ruka jAne para tapa se karor3oM bhavoM ke karma nirjarita-kSINa ho jAte haiN| ina gAthAoM meM tapa se pApa karmoM ke kSaya va pApAsava ke nirodha kA hI pratipAdana kiyA gayA hai, puNyAsrava ke nirodha kA nhiiN| tavasAdhuNai purANapAvagaM, jutto sayA tvsmaahie| ___ -dazavaikAlika 9.4.4 samAdhi se yukta sAdhaka tapa se purAne pApa karmoM kA kSaya kara detA hai| khaveMti appANamamoha-daMsiNo, tave rayA saMjama-ajjave gunne| dhuNaMti pAvAiM pure kaDAI, NavAiM pAvAiM Na te kreNti|| -dazavaikAlika sUtra, adhyayana 6, gAthA 68 moha rahita hone meM, saMyama meM, Arjava, mArdava Adi guNoM meM aura tapa meM nirata sAdhu pUrvakRta pApa karmoM ko kSaya karatA hai va navIna pApa karmoM kA baMdha nahIM karatA hai| isa prakAra sAdhaka apane azubha karmoM kA kSaya kara dete haiN| uparyukta gAthA meM saMyama meM, Arjava Adi guNoM se arthAt kaSAya kI kamI se tathA tapa se kevala purAne pApa-karmoM kA kSaya evaM naye pApa karmoM kA baMdha nahIM honA kahA gayA hai| yadi inase "puNya karmoM kA bhI kSaya honA Page #124 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa 75 tathA puNya karmoM kA nayA baMdha nahIM honA / " gAthAkAra ko iSTa hotA to karma zabda ke pahale pApa vizeSaNa lagAne kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hotI / Upara nirjarA tattva meM tapa ke 12 bheda kahe gaye haiN| inase pApa karmoM kI hI nirjarA hotI hai, puNya karmoM kI nirjarA nahIM hotI hai, apitu puNya karmoM kA pradeza va anubhAga bar3hatA hai| yadi nirjarA tattva puNya karmoM kI nirjarA bhI iSTa hotI to puNya karmoM kI nirjarA pApa pravRttiyoM se hotI hai, ataH puNya karmoM kI nirjarA ke hetu prANAtipAta Adi 18 pApoM ko nirjarA tattva meM sthAna diyA jaataa| lekina aisA nahIM kiyA gyaa| isase spaSTa pramANita hotA hai ki nirjarA tattva meM puNya karmoM kI nirjarA ko sthAna nahIM diyA gayA hai| baMdha tattva baMdha cAra prakAra kA hai| inameM se prakRti aura pradeza baMdha yoga se tathA sthiti aura anubhAga baMdha kaSAya se hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-jogA payaDipaesaM ThiiaNubhAgaM kasAyAu - paMcama karmagrantha 96, gomma.karmakANDa gAthA 257, ina cAra prakAra ke baMdhanoM kA vivecana pahale kara Ae haiN| inameM mahattva anubhAga kA hai, kAraNa ki karma kA phala usake anubhAga se milatA hai, sthiti baMdha aura pradeza baMdha se nhiiN| pradeza baMdha kisI bhI karma kA kitanA hI nyUnAdhika ho usakA anubhAga para kucha bhI prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai| yahA~ 'aNubhAgaM kasAyAu' sUtra kahA gayA hai| yaha sUtra bhI pApa karmoM para hI lAgU hotA hai puNya karmoM para nahIM / kAraNa ki kaSAya se pApa karmoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai aura puNya karmoM ke anubhAga meM kaSAya se vRddhi nahIM hotI apitu kSati hotI hai| puNya karmoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi kaSAya se nahIM hokara kaSAya kI kamI se hotI hai| Page #125 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 76 -- ---- puNya-pApa tattva kaSAya kA sampUrNa kSaya kSapaka zreNI meM hotA hai| ata: vahA~ vidyamAna puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa ho jAtA hai| yaha utkRSTa anubhAga mukti-prApti ke samaya taka jyoM kA tyoM vidyamAna rahatA hai, kevalisamudghAta kI sAdhanA se bhI isakA kSaya nahIM hotA hai| isa kAraNa ki puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA kSaya saMkleza bhAva se hI hotA hai aura kisI bhI hetu se nahIM hotA hai jo kevalI ke yathAkhyAta cAritra meM saMbhava nahIM hai| samasta sAdhanAoM se puNya kA anubhAga bar3hatA hI hai, ghaTatA nhiiN| mokSa-tattva samyagdarzanajJAnacAritrANi mokssmaargH| -tattvArthasUtra, adhyayana 1, sUtra 1 nANaM ca daMsaNaM ceva, carittaM ca tavo thaa| esa maggutti paNNatto, jiNehiM vrdNsiihiN|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 28, gAthA 2 arthAt samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra ina tInoM ke milane se mokSa kI prApti hotI hai| inameM jo bAdhaka haiM ve hI mokSa kI prApti meM bAdhaka haiN| samyagdarzana kI prApti meM mithyAtva bAdhaka hai aura samyak cAritra kI prApti meM anaMtAnubaMdhI, apratyAkhyAna Adi kaSAya bAdhaka haiM, ye saba bAdhaka kAraNa mohanIya karma kI prakRtiyA~ hai, puNya prakRtiyA~ va zubha yoga nhiiN| apitu manuSyagati, paMcendriya jAti Adi puNya prakRtiyoM ke udaya ke abhAva meM mokSamArga kI sAdhanA hI saMbhava nahIM hai| samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra se AtmA pavitra hotI hai, jisase zubhayoga meM evaM puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| ata: sAdhaka mokSamArga meM jitanA bar3hatA jAtA hai utanI hI usake puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| prathama to jaba taka puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hakara Page #126 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa ---- -------------- 77 catu:sthAnika nahIM ho jAtA taba taka samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna nahIM ho sakatA aura phira yahI catu:sthAnika anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa ho jAtA hai taba hI kevalajJAna hotA hai| puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga ke anutkRSTa rahate kSAyika cAritra va kevalajJAna nahIM hotA hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna va samyak cAritra rUpa mokSa mArga meM puNya kahIM bhI bAdhaka nahIM hai, apitu sahAyaka hai| ata: puNya karma ke saMvara, nirjarA va kSaya karane kI mukti-prApti meM kiMcit bhI apekSA nahIM hai| isIlie puNya karma ko Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA va mokSa tattva ke kisI bhI bheda-prabheda meM sthAna nahIM diyA gayA hai| jIva ke lie pApa tattva, pApAsrava, pApa pravRtti, pApa karma kA baMdha hI ahitakara hai| ata: sAdhanA meM pApa ke saMvara, nirjarA va kSaya ko hI sthAna diyA gayA hai| uparyukta tathya maharSi zrI jinabhadragaNI viracita evaM zrI haribhadrasUri dvArA TIkA kRta 'dhyAna zataka' grantha meM varNita dharma dhyAna aura zukla dhyAna ke phala se bhI spaSTa prakaTa hotA hai yathA hoMti suhAsava-saMvara viNijjarA'mara suhAiM viulaaiN| jhANavarassa phalAiM suhANubaMdhINi dhmmss||93|| -dhavalA pustaka 13, gAthA 56 te ya viseseNa subhAsavAdao'NuttarAmarasuhaM c| doNhaM sukkANa phalaM parinivvANaM prillaannN||4|| AsavadArA saMsAraheyavo jaM Na dhmm-sukkesu| saMsArakAraNAi tao dhuvaM dhmmsukkaaiN||95|| saMvara-viNijjarAo mokkhassa paho tavo taasiN| jhANaM ca pahANagaM tavassa to mokkhaheuyaM / / 96 / / arthAt-uttama dharmadhyAna se zubhAsrava (puNya karmoM kA Agamana), Page #127 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 78 ---- - puNya-pApa tattva saMvara (pApAsrava kA, pApa karmoM kA nirodha), nirjarA (saMcita karmoM kA kSaya) tathA amara (deva) sukha milate haiM evaM zubhAnubaMdhI (puNyAnubaMdhI) vipula phala milate haiN||93|| dharmadhyAna ke phala zubhAsrava, saMvara, nirjarA aura amarasukha inameM vizeSa rUpa se uttarottara vRddhi honA prAraMbha ke do zukla dhyAnoM (pRthaktva vitarka savicAra aura ekatva vitarka avicAra) kA bhI phala hai| aMtima do zukla dhyAna sUkSmakriyA pratipAti aura vyuparatakriyA apratipAti kA phala mokSa kI prApti hai||94|| jo mithyAtva Adi AsravadvAra saMsAra ke kAraNa haiM ve cUMki dharmadhyAna aura zukla dhyAna meM saMbhava nahIM haiN| isaliye yaha dhruva niyama hai ki ye dhyAna niyamata: saMsAra ke kAraNa nahIM haiM, kiMtu saMvara aura nirjarA ye mokSa ke mArga haiN| unakA patha tapa hai aura usa tapa kA pradhAna aMga dhyAna hai| ata: dhyAna mokSa kA hetu hai||95-96|| ___ gAthA 93-94 meM batAyA gayA hai ki dharma dhyAna meM zubhAsrava (puNyAsava) saMvara (pApAsrava kA nirodha), nirjarA (karmoM kA kSaya) amara (avinAzI-deva) sukha evaM zubhAnubaMdha (puNyAnubaMdha) kahA hai| TIkA meM zailezI avasthA tathA apavarga (mokSa) kA anubaMdha kahA hai| isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki dharmadhyAna puNya, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha va mokSa ina saba tattvoM va rUpoM meM haiN| __ saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha va mokSa tattva kA varNana pApa karmoM ko dRSTi meM rakhakara hI kiyA gayA hai, puNya karmoM ko nahIM, kyoMki puNya karmoM kA Asrava va anubaMdha Atma vizuddhi meM hotA hai| Page #128 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa jo kArya dharma-dhyAna meM hote haiM, ve hI kArya vizuddhi bhAva rUpa car3hate vicAra se puNya tattva se bhI hote haiM, udAharaNArtha puNya se anAdeya, ayaza kIrti, nIca gotra Adi pApa karma prakRtiyoM kA nirodha saMvara hotA hai, Adeya Adi puNya karma prakRtiyoM kA Asrava hotA hai, sthiti baMdha kA apavartana hone se pApa karmoM kA kSaya - nirjarA hotI hai| puNya karma prakRti kA anubhAga baMdha hotA hai va pApa karmoM kA puNya karmoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai, jisase puNya karmoM meM vRddhi hotI hai| 79 puNya tattva ke phala se puNya karma prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha kA kSaya hotA hai aura anubhAga baMdha meM vRddhi hotI hai| isa prakAra puNya karma kA kSaya va baMdha donoM hote haiN| ina sabakA kathana yugapat avaktavya hai| krama se yathA prasaMga hI saMbhava hai| pratyeka sthala para kaise saMbhava hai? dhavalA TIkA pustaka 13 gAthA 26 pRSTha 68 meM dharmadhyAna kI cAra bhAvanAe~ haiM-1. jJAnabhAvanA 2. darzanabhAvanA 3. cAritrabhAvanA aura 4. vairaagybhaavnaa| inameM se cAritrabhAvanA ke svarUpa va guNa ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai nava kammANAyANaM porANaviNijjaraM subhAyANaM / cArittabhAvaNAe jhANamayatteNa ya samei / / -dhyAnazataka gAthA 33, dhavalA pustaka 13, gAthA 26 artha-cAritrabhAvanA se navIna karmoM ke grahaNa kA abhAva, pUrva saMcita karmoM kI nirjarA, zubha (puNya) karmoM kA grahaNa (AdAna) aura dhyAna, ye binA kisI prayatna ke (svata:) hote haiN| pApAcaraNa (sAvadyayoga) kI nivRtti ko cAritra kahA hai| isake grahaNa kA nAma cAritra bhAvanA hai| isa bhAvanA se vartamAna meM Ate hue Page #129 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 80 --- --- puNya-pApa tattva jJAnAvaraNAdi pApa karmoM kA nirodha aura pUrvopArjita inhIM pApa karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai tathA puNya karma prakRtiyoM kA grahaNa va dhyAna kI upalabdhi, ye saba anAyAsa (svata:) hote haiN| yahA~ cAritra bhAvanA se navIna karmoM kA anAdAna pApa karmoM kA hI kahA gayA hai| zubha (puNya) karmoM kA nahIM kahA hai, balki yahA~ puNya karmoM kA AdAna grahaNa honA kahA hai| vivecana-dhyAna ke atiprAcIna evaM prAmANika dhyAnazataka grantha ke racanAkAra jaina jagat ke vikhyAta maharSi zrI jinabhadragaNikSamAzramaNa evaM vRttikAra zrI haribhadrasUri haiN| jaina dharma kI donoM sampradAyoM meM isa graMtha kA mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai| isa graMtha kI uparyukta gAthAoM se nimnAMkita tathya prakaTa hote haiN| ___ gAthA 93-94 meM zreSThadhyAna-dharmadhyAna kA pratipAdana karate hue kahA hai ki dharmadhyAna se 1. Asrava 2. saMvara 3. nirjarA 4. baMdha aura 5. devasukha hotA hai aura gAthA 96 meM ise mokSa kA hetu bhI kahA hai| pRthaktva virtaka savicAra zukla dhyAna jo upazama kaSAya vAle sAdhu ke hotA hai tathA ekatva vitarka avicAra zukla dhyAna jo kSapaka kaSAya vAle sAdhu ke hotA hai| ina donoM zukladhyAnoM kA phala bhI dharmadhyAna se hone vAle Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA va mokSa kA honA kahA hai| yahA~ yaha jijJAsA hotI hai ki Asrava aura saMvara donoM paraspara meM virodhI haiM tathA nirjarA aura baMdha ye donoM bhI paraspara virodhI haiN| ina virodhiyoM kA dharmadhyAna va zukladhyAna meM eka sAtha honA kahA gayA hai, yaha kaise saMbhava hai? Page #130 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -------- 81 tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa ---- samAdhAna-yahA~ Asrava va baMdha meM zubhAsrava aura zubhAnubaMdha ko hI liyA gayA hai, azubha (pApa) Asrava aura azubha (pApa) anubaMdha ko nahIM liyA gayA hai| isI prakAra saMvara aura nirjarA meM pApa ke saMvara aura pApa karmoM kI nirjarA ko hI liyA gayA hai, zubha karmoM ke saMvara va nirjarA ko nahIM liyA gayA hai| kAraNa ki dharmadhyAna Adi samasta sAdhanAoM se Atmavizuddhi hotI hai, AtmA pavitra hotI hai jisase puNya kA Asrava tathA puNya kA anubaMdha hotA hai| jisa samaya jisa puNya karma prakRti kA Asrava va nirodha-saMvara ho jAtA hai tathA pApa prakRtiyoM kI nirjarA (kSaya) hotI hai| puNya kA Asrava cAra aghAtI karmoM kA hI hotA hai| inameM se Ayu karma ko chor3akara zeSa vedanIya, gotra va nAma karma kI prakRtiyoM meM zubha athavA azubha donoM meM se kisI eka kA Asrava va baMdha niraMtara hotA rahatA hai| ata: jaba sAtAvedanIya, ucca gotra, zubha gati va AnupUrvI, paMcendriya jAti, vajraRSabhanArAca saMhanana, ucca gotra, zubha varNa-gaMdha-rasa-sparza, zubhavihAyogati, trasa, bAdara, paryApta, pratyeka, zubha, sthira, subhaga, Adeya aura yazakIrti ina puNya prakRtiyoM meM se jinakA Asrava va anubaMdha hotA hai taba inakI virodhinI pApa karma prakRtiyA~ asAtAvedanIya, nIca gotra, azubha gati va AnupUrvI, azubha saMhanana-saMsthAna-varNa-gaMdha-rasa-sparza, azubha vihAyogati, sthAvara, sUkSma, aparyApta, sAdhAraNa, azubha, asthira, durbhaga, anAdeya aura ayazakIrti ke Asrava kA nirodha-saMvara ho jAtA hai, baMdha ruka jAtA hai tathA sattA meM sthita pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga kA aparvatana rUpa kSaya (nirjarA) hotA hai| ata: samasta sAdhanAoM se hone vAlI Atma-vizuddhi se zubhAsrava-zubhAnubaMdha hotA hai aura azubha (pApa) prakRtiyoM kA saMvara va nirjarA hotI hai| ata: sAdhaka ke lie pApa prakRtiyoM kA saMvara va inakI nirjarA hI iSTa hai| jaba Atma-vizuddhi se pApa prakRtiyoM Page #131 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 82 --- puNya-pApa tattva kA saMvara va nirjarA hotI hai taba puNya prakRtiyoM kA Asrava va anubaMdha svata: hI hotA hai| ata: puNyAsrava kA nirodha va puNya karmoM ke anubhAga ke anubaMdha kA kSaya va nirjarA kisI bhI sAdhaka ke lie apekSita nahIM hai aura na kisI bhI sAdhanA se saMbhava hI hai| pratyeka sAdhanA se puNyAsrava va puNyAnubaMdha meM vRddhi hI hotI hai| isaliye puNya ke Asrava ke nirodha ko saMvara meM aura puNya karmoM ke anubhAga baMdha ke kSaya ko nirjarA meM grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai, kyoMki puNya karma kA saMvara aura anubhAga kI nirjarA, saMyama, tapa, tyAga Adi sAdhana se saMbhava nahIM hai| yahI tathya uparyukta gAthA 95 se prakaTa hotA hai| gAthA 93-94 meM to kahA hai ki dharma dhyAna-zukla dhyAna se zubhAsrava hotA hai aura isakI agalI gAthA meM yaha kaha diyA gayA ki Asrava dvAra saMsAra ke kAraNa haiM, isaliye ve dharma dhyAna va zukla dhyAna se nahIM hote haiN| isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki Agama meM Asrava dvAra unhIM ko kahA hai jo saMsAra vRddhi ke hetu haiN| zubhAsrava (puNyAsrava) saMsAra vRddhi kA hetu nahIM hai, apitu saMsAra kSaya kA sUcaka hai, isaliye isake nirodha ko saMvara ke kisI bhI bheda meM sthAna nahIM diyA hai| ata: puNya ke Asrava ko saMsAra kA hetu mAnanA Agama va karma siddhAMta ke viparIta hai| sAdhanA ke kSetra meM kevala pApa ke Asrava ke nirodha ko hI saMvara aura pApa karmoM ke kSaya ko hI nirjarA meM grahaNa kiyA hai| puNya ke Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA va baMdha ko kisI bhI tattva meM grahaNa nahIM kiyA hai| __dhyAna saba tapoM meM pradhAna tapa hai, karmoM kI nirjarA kA mukhya hetu hai| isase puNya kA Asrava hotA hai, puNyakarma kA nirodha (saMvara) va puNya ke phala kI nirjarA nahIM hotI hai| puNya kA Asrava evaM puNya karma kA zubhAnubaMdha ye Atma-vizuddhi se hI hote haiN| ata: uparyukta gAthAoM meM inheM Page #132 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ --- 83 tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa ---. dharma dhyAna, zukla dhyAna kA phala kahA hai| inako tyAjya va heya nahIM batAyA hai| kevala pApa ke Asrava ke nirodha ko saMvara aura pApa karma ke kSaya ko nirjarA va mokSa tattva meM samAhita kiyA hai| zukla dhyAna ke AlaMbana aha khaMti maddava'jjavamuttIo jinnmdpphaannaao| AlaMbaNAiM jehiM sukkajjhANaM smaaruhi|| -dhyAna zataka 69, dhavalA TIkA pustaka 13, gAthA 64, pRSTha 80 artha-kSamA, mArdava, Arjava aura mukti, ye jinamata meM dhyAna ke pradhAna AlaMbana yA aMga kahe gaye haiN| ina AlaMbanoM kA sahArA lekara dhyAtA zukla dhyAna para ArUr3ha hotA hai| isI prakaraNa meM pahale tattvArtha sUtra evaM bhagavatI sUtra ke uddharaNoM ke AdhAra para yaha siddha kara diyA gayA hai ki kSamA se sAtAvedanIya, mArdava se ucca gotra, Arjava se zubha nAma karma aura mukti se zubha Ayu kA zubhAsrava va zubhAnubaMdha hotA hai aura inhIM guNoM meM zukladhyAna hotA hai| arthAt jo zukladhyAna ke hetu haiM ve hI zubhAsrava, puNyAsrava ke zubhAnubaMdha ke bhI hetu haiN| zukla dhyAna mokSa kA hetu hai| ata: zubhAsrava va zubhAnubaMdha mokSa ke bAdhaka nahIM ho skte| kSamA, mArdava, Arjava va mukti, ina guNoM kI upalabdhi kramaza: krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobha kaSAya ke kSaya se hotI hai| ata: ye guNa jIva ke svabhAva haiM, dharma haiM, pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi ke dyotaka haiM, zuddhopayoga haiM aura ina guNoM kA kriyAtmaka rUpa zubha yoga hai| ata: ye puNyAsrava ke hetu haiN| isase jayadhavalA TIkA meM pratipAdita yaha kathana ki zuddhopayoga aura anukaMpA (zubha yoga) se puNyAsrava hotA hai, puSTa hotA hai| kaSAya kI hAni yA kSaya se hI pariNAmoM meM zuddhatA tathA yogoM meM zubhatA AtI hai jisase hI puNya kA Asrava va anubaMdha hotA hai| Page #133 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 84 puNya-pApa tattva pUrvokta karma-siddhAMta va tAttvika vivecana se yaha spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki cAra ghAtI karmoM kI 47 pApa karma prakRtiyoM ke baMdha, udaya va sattAvItarAgatA, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana aura kSAyika cAritra meM bAdhaka hai| puNya karmoM kI koI bhI prakRti vItarAgatA meM, zukladhyAna meM yA mukti-mArga meM bAdhaka nahIM hai| kucha loga yaha mAnate haiM ki puNya ke Asrava kI hetu dayA, dAna, karuNA Adi sadpravRttiyoM kA va zubha yoga tathA samiti-gupti, saMyama Adi kA tyAga kiye binA vItarAgatA, kSAyika cAritra, kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana kI upalabdhi saMbhava nahIM hai| kiMtu aisI mAnyatA nitAnta nirAdhAra hai evaM karma siddhAMta, tattvajJAna va Agama-viruddha hai aura mAnavatA kI bhI ghora virodhI hai| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki dayA, dAna, karuNA, anukaMpA, sevA, saralatA, mRdutA Adi sadpravRttiyoM va zubhayoga se tathA samiti gupti, saMyama Adi samasta sAdhanAoM se pApa karmoM ke Asrava kA nirodha arthAt saMvara hotA hai tathA pApa karmoM kA kSaya arthAt nirjarA hotI hai| pApa karmoM ke saMvara va nirjarA se hI mukti kI upalabdhi hotI hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to doSa yA pApa se AtmA-azuddha-apavitra hotI hai| doSa yA pApa prANI ke karane se hotA hai, svataH nahIM hotA hai| ata: doSa ke tyAga se, doSa na karane se AtmA nirdoSa pavitra hotI hai, jisase puNya karmoM kA Asrava va anubaMdha hotA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki puNya karmoM kA Asrava va anubaMdha nirdoSatA se, pApa ke tyAga se svata: hotA hai, kiyA nahIM jAtA hai| ataH sAdhaka para pApa ke tyAga kA hI dAyitva hai, puNya kA nhiiN| puNyAsrava va anubaMdha pApa ke tyAga se hotA hai| ataH puNya karma meM bhI mahattva pApa ke tyAga kA hI hai| Page #134 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ tattvajJAna aura puNya-pApa -- ----------- 85 upasaMhAra jaina darzana meM karma siddhAMta kA uddezya jIva kI karmajanya vividha avasthAoM kA yathAtathya varNana karanA hai aura tattvajJAna kA uddezya mokSa kI prApti ko lakSya meM rakhakara Atma-vikAsa va sAdhanAoM kA varNana karanA hai| karma mukhyata: do prakAra ke haiM-zubha aura ashubh| zubha karma ve haiM jo jIva ke lie hitakara, kalyANakArI, maMgalakArI haiM, AtmA ko pavitra karane vAle haiM, jo jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kA ghAta karane vAle nahIM haiN| inheM puNya karma kahA gayA hai aura azubha karma ve haiM jo AtmA kA patana karane vAle haiM, ahitakara haiM, inheM pApa karma kahA gayA hai| pApa karma AtmA ke guNoM kA ghAta karane vAle haiM aura mukti meM bAdhaka haiN| ata: pApa karmoM ko AdhAra banAkara hI Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha va mokSa tattva kA varNana kiyA gayA hai| ina tattvoM meM puNya ko grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai| kAraNa ki puNya se AtmA pavitra hotI hai, mukti kI ora bar3hatI hai, puNya mukti meM sahAyaka hai, bAdhaka va ghAtaka nahIM hai| ata: pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi rUpa puNya tattva se upArjita puNya karmoM kA Asrava va anubhAga jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kA ghAtaka nahIM hai| samasta puNya karma prakRtiyA~ pUrNa rUpeNa aghAtI haiM, leza mAtra bhI ahitakara nahIM haiM, ata: mukti prApti ke lie inake saMvara, nirjarA va kSaya kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM hai aura samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra, saMyama, tyAga, tapa Adi kisI bhI sAdhanA se puNya ke Asrava kA nirodha va anubhAga kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai, apitu vRddhi hotI hai| ata: mukti prApti ke aMtima kSaNa taka inakI sattA va udaya rahatA hai tathA inakA anubhAga utkRSTa va akSuNNa rahatA hai| nirvANa prApti ke samaya jaba deha kA avasAna hotA hai taba inakA bhI svata: avasAna ho jAtA hai ata: yaha mAnyatA ki"puNya karma sAdhanA meM, vItarAgatA meM, Atma vikAsa meM bAdhaka hai, isaliye Page #135 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa tattva 86 -- heya va tyAjya hai" tathya hIna hai, nirAdhAra hai tathA karma siddhAMta, tattvajJAna, yukti aura Agama viruddha hai| jaina darzana meM tattva kA nirUpaNa pApa karmoM ko hI lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai, puNya karmoM ko lekara nhiiN| kAraNa ki pApa AtmA ke patana se hotA hai aura puNya AtmA ke utthAna se hotA hai| ata: ye donoM paraspara meM virodhI haiN| ata: Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA va mokSa tattva meM jo bheda pApa kI apekSA se hoMge, ThIka usake viparIta puNya kI apekSA se hoNge| isa prakAra pratyeka tattva meM paraspara meM virodhI bhedoM ko sthAna denA hogA, jisase tattva kA svarUpa hI lupta ho jAne kA prasaMga utpanna ho jaayegaa| ata: tattva kA nirUpaNa pApa karmoM ke tyAga ko hI lakSya meM rakhakara kiyA gayA hai, puNya karmoM ke tyAga ko nhiiN| 000 Page #136 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se aura pApa kA upArjana kaSAya kI vRddhi se saMsArI jIva ke navama guNasthAna taka Ayukarma ko chor3akara zeSa sAta karmoM kA baMdha niraMtara hotA rahatA hai| yaha baMdha cAra prakAra kA hai-prakRti baMdha, sthiti baMdha, anubhAga baMdha aura pradeza bNdh| pradeza baMdha nyUna ho yA adhika ho isase sthiti baMdha evaM anubhAga baMdha meM koI aMtara nahIM par3atA hai arthAt pradeza baMdha kI nyUnAdhikatA se karmoM kI sthiti evaM phala meM hAnivRddhi nahIM hotI hai| sAtoM hI karmoM kI samasta puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kA sthiti baMdha kaSAya se hotA hai arthAt inakA sthiti baMdha kaSAya kI vRddhi se bar3hatA hai tathA kaSAya kI maMdatA se ghaTatA hai| kaSAya adhika hai yA kama azubha hai| ata: puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kA sthiti baMdha adhika hai yA kama azubha hI hai| isaliye karma kI zubhatA-azubhatA arthAt puNya-pApa kA saMbaMdha karmoM ke pradeza va sthiti baMdha se na hokara anubhAga yA phaladAna zakti se hai| jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya, mohanIya evaM aMtarAya ina cAra ghAtI karmoM meM pApa aura puNya donoM prakAra kI prakRtiyA~ hotI haiN| inameM pApa prakRtiyoM kA upArjana kaSAya ke udaya se hotA hai aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana kaSAya ke kSaya (kSINatA) se hotA hai| kaSAya ke kSaya yA kamI se AtmA pavitra hotI hai aura AtmA kA Page #137 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 88 ----- --- puNya-pApa tattva pavitra honA hI puNyatva hai arthAt zubha bhAva se puNya karma kA upArjana hotA hai tathA azubha bhAva se arthAt duSpravRtti se pApa karma kA upArjana hotA hai| pApa aThAraha haiN| inameM se karmabaMdha meM cAra kaSAya mukhya hetu haiM, yathA-krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobh| bhagavatI sUtra zataka 12 uddezaka 5 meM krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha ina cAroM kaSAyoM ke ekArthaka nAma diye haiN| vahA~ krodha ke lie akSamA va dveSa zabdoM kA, mAna ke lie mada zabda kA, mAyA ke lie jihmatA, vakratA zabdoM kA aura lobha ke lie mUrchA, parigraha, tRSNA zabdoM kA grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| ata: ina cAroM kaSAyoM ke kSaya yA kamI se cAra guNa prakaTa hote haiM-1. krodha, akSamA aura dveSa kI kamI (kSINatA) va tyAga se kSamA guNa, 2. mAna, mada ke kSaya (kSINatA) va tyAga se mRdutA guNa 3. mAyA-vakratA ke kSaya va tyAga se RjutA, saralatA guNa aura 4. lobha mUrchA (parigraha) va tRSNA ke kSaya (kSINatA) va tyAga se saMtoSa guNa prakaTa hotA hai| inheM Agama kI bhASA meM khaMti (kSamA), maddave (mArdava), ajjave (RjutA), muttI (mukti-nirlobhatA) bhI kahA gayA hai| sthAnAMga sUtra ke dasaveM sthAna meM inheM dharma kahA gayA hai| kAraNa ki inhIM guNoM ke prakaTa hone se jIva ke vibhAva rUpa ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai aura puNya rUpa aghAtI karmoM kA upArjana hotA hai| Age isI para prakAza DAlA jA rahA haisAtA-asAtA vedanIya karma kA upArjana vedanIya karma kI do prakRtiyA~ haiM-1. sAtA vedanIya aura 2. asAtA vedniiy| ina donoM prakRtiyoM ke hetu kahe gaye haiM kahaM NaM bhaMte! jIvANaM sAyAveyaNijjA kammA kajjaMti? goyamA! pANANukaMpAe, bhUyANukaMpAe, jIvANukaMpAe, sattANukaMpAe, bahUNaM pANANaM jAva sattANaM adukkhaNayAe, asoyaNaTTAe, ajUraNayAe, atippaNayAe, apiTTaNayAe, apariyAvaNayAe evaM khalu goyamA! jIvANaM sAyAveyaNijjA kammA kjjNti|| Page #138 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se aura pApa kA upArjana kaSAya kI vRddhi se --- 89 __... 'kahaM NaM bhaMte! jIvANaM asAyAveyaNijjA kammA kajjati? goyamA! para-dukkhaNayAe, parasoyaNayAe, parajUraNayAe, paratippaNayAe, parapiTTaNayAe, para pariyAvaNayAe, bahUNaM pANANaM jAva sattANaM dukkhaNayAe, soyaNayAe jAva pariyAvaNayAe, evaM khalu goyamA! jIvANaM asAyAveyaNijjA kammA kjjti|| -bhagavatI sUtra zataka 7, uddezaka 6 prazna-he bhagavan! jIva sAtA vedanIya karma kA upArjana kisa prakAra karate haiM? uttara-he gautama! prANa, bhUta, jIva aura sattvoM para anukaMpA karane se, bahuta se prANoM, bhUtoM, jIvoM aura sattvoM ko du:kha na dene se, unheM zoka utpanna na karane se athavA zoka dUra karane se, unheM khedita va pIr3ita na karane va na pITane se tathA unakI pIr3A-paritApa dUra karane se jIva sAtA vedanIya karma kA upArjana karate haiN| prazna-he bhagavan! jIva asAtAvedanIya karma kA upArjana kisa prakAra karate haiM? uttara-he gautama! dUsare jIvoM ko 1. du:kha dene se 2. zoka utpanna karane se 3. kheda utpanna karane se 4. pIr3ita karane se 5. pITane se 6. paritApa utpanna karane se 7. bahuta se prANa, bhUta, jIva aura sattvoM ko duHkha dene se, zoka utpanna karane se yAvat paritApa utpanna karane se jIva asAtA vedanIya karma kA upArjana karate haiN| bhagavatI sUtra ke uparyukta uddharaNa meM sAtAvedanIya kA hetu anukaMpA ko evaM asAtAvedanIya kA hetu krUratA ko kahA hai| anukaMpA kA hetu krodha kaSAya kI kSINatA hai jaisA ki kahA hai Page #139 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 90 - puNya-pApa tattva "kohavijaeNaM khaMtiM jaNayai" -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 67 khamAvaNayAe NaM palhAyaNabhAvaM jnnyi| palhAyaNabhAvamuvagae ya savva-pANa-bhUya-jIva-sattesu mittiibhaavmuppaaei|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 17 "sarvaprANiSu maitrI anukampA" -rAjavArtika adhyayana 1, sUtra 2 arthAt krodha ke vijaya (kSaya) se kSamA guNa prakaTa hotA hai| kSamApanA se maitrIbhAva utpanna hotA hai aura sarva prANiyoM ke prati maitrIbhAva honA hI anukampA hai| anukampA se hI sAtAvedanIya karma kA upArjana hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki krodha kaSAya ke kSaya (kSINatA) se sAtAvedanIya karma kA upArjana hotA hai, sAtha hI cAritra mohanIya karma kA kSaya bhI hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai aNussuyAe NaM jIve aNukaMpae, aNubbhaDe, vigayasoge, carittamohaNijjaM kammaM khvei|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 29 __ artha-prANI meM viSayoM ke prati virati se anukaMpA paidA hotI hai tathA vaha uddhata evaM zoka rahita hokara cAritra mohanIya karma kA kSaya kara detA hai, jisase vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi hotI hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki kaSAya ke kSaya se kSamA guNa, kSamA se maitrIbhAva, maitrIbhAva se anukaMpA guNa prakaTa hotA hai| kSamAzIlatA Adi guNoM se yukta jIva hI saba jIvoM ke prati vairabhAva kA tyAga kara unake saba aparAdhoM ko kSamA kara sakatA hai jaisA ki kahA hai-koho pIiM paNAsei (dazavaikAlika sUtra, adhyayana 8, gAthA 38) arthAt krodha prIti kA nAza Page #140 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se aura pApa kA upArjana kaSAya kI vRddhi se 91 karatA hai| ata: jahA~ krodha nahIM hai vahA~ hI prIti bhAva hai| prIti hI maitrI hai| maitrI jahA~ hotI hai vahA~ vaira bhAva nahIM hotA-kSamA bhAva hotA hai| kahA bhI hai khAmi savve jIvA, savve jIvA khamaMtu me mittI me savvabhUesa, veraM majjhaM na keNai / / - Avazyaka sUtra, pA~cavA~ Avazyaka arthAt maiM saba jIvoM ko kSamA karatA hU~, saba jIva mujhe kSamA kreN| saba prANiyoM ke prati merA maitrI bhAva hai, merA kisI se bhI vaira nahIM hai| isa bhAva se hRdaya meM prIti umar3atI hai jo prANiyoM kI pIr3A zoka Adi duHkhoM ko dUra karane vAle anukaMpA guNa ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai| jisase sAtA vedanIya karma kA upArjana hotA hai| - sAtAvedanIya ke viparIta asAtAvedanIya hai| krodha kaSAya ke udaya se dveSa aura vairabhAva utpanna hotA hai| jisase vaha dUsaroM ke prati krUratA yA asAtA upajAne kA vyavahAra karane lagatA hai aura svayaM dveSa aura vairabhAva kI agni meM jalane lagatA hai, jisase azAMti aura khinnatA kA anubhava hotA hai| yahI asAtAvedanIya karma kA hetu hai / sArAMza yaha hai ki krodha kaSAya kI kSINatA se sAtAvedanIya evaM krodha kaSAya ke udaya se asAtAvedanIya karma kA upArjana hotA hai| zubha Ayu karma kA baMdha Ayu karma kI cAra prakRtiyA~ haiN| inameM 1. tiryaMca Ayu 2. manuSya Ayu aura 3. deva Ayu puNya prakRtiyA~ haiN| manuSya Ayu aura deva Ayu kA nirmANa tRSNA-lobha kI kamI se hotA hai arthAt jitanA-jitanA AraMbhaparigraha ghaTatA jAtA hai utanI - utanI zubha Ayu adhika hotI hai| abhiprAya Page #141 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 92 ----- puNya-pApa tattva yaha hai ki lobha kaSAya kI kamI zubha Ayu meM vRddhi kI hetu hai, yathA-zubha Ayu karma manuSya-deva-Ayu ke baMdha ke hetu haiN| goyamA! pagaibhaddayAe pagaiviNIyayAe, sANukkosaNayAe, amaccha riyAe maNussAuyakammA jAva pogbNdhe|| goyamA! sarAgasaMjameNaM, saMjamAsaMjameNaM, bAlatavokammeNaM, akAmaNijjarAe, devAuyakammAsarIra jAva pogbNdhe|| ____ -bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8, uddezaka 9, sUtra 82-83 alpArambhaparigrahatvaM svabhAvamArdavArjavaM ca maanusssy||18|| ni:zIlavratatvaM ca srvessaam||19|| sarAgasaMyamasaMyamAsaMyamAkAmanirjarAbAlatapAMsi devsy||20|| -tattvArtha sUtra, adhyayana 6 arthAt prakRti kI bhadratA, vinItatA, mRdutA, dayAlutA, amatsara tathA AraMbha, parigraha kI alpatA se manuSya Ayu kA baMdha hotA hai| sarAgasaMyama, saMyamAsaMyama (deza virati), bAlatapa aura akAma nirjarA se devAyu kA baMdha hotA hai| manuSya aura deva Ayu meM mukhya hetu AraMbha parigraha ke tyAga evaM saMyama haiN| sarAga saMyama, saMyamAsaMyama bhI AraMbha-parigraha ke tyAga ke sUcaka haiN| abhiprAya yaha hai ki lobha-tRSNA ke tyAga meM zubha Ayu kA baMdha hotA hai| azubha Ayu karma kA baMdha azubha Ayu karma meM narakAyu kA baMdha hotA hai, jisake hetu ke viSaya meM kahA gayA hai-goyamA! mahAraMbhayAe, mahApariggahAe, kuNimAhAreNaM, paMciMdiyavaheNaM, neraDyAuyakammAsarIrappaoganAmAe kammassa udaeNaM neraiyakammA sarIra-jAva pogbNdhe|| -bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8, udde. 9 bahvArambhaparigrahatvaM ca naarksyaayussH|| -tattvArtha sUtra adhyayana 6, sUtra 16 Page #142 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se aura pApa kA upArjana kaSAya kI vRddhi se --- 93 artha-he gautama! mahAraMbha, mahAparigraha, mAMsAhAra evaM paMcendriya jIvoM ke vadha se naraka Ayu kA baMdha hotA hai| bahuta AraMbha, parigraha Adi tRSNA yA lobha se hI hote haiN| ata: narakAyu ke baMdha kA mukhya hetu lobha kaSAya kA udaya hI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki lobha kaSAya kI kSINatA va kamI se manuSya aura deva saMbaMdhI zubha Ayu kA aura lobhakaSAya kI vRddhi se naraka kI azubha Ayu kA baMdha hotA hai| nAma karma nAma karma do prakAra kA hai-zubha nAma karma aura azubha nAma krm| azubha nAma karma kA arthAt nAma karma kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana mAyA kaSAya kI kSINatA se hotA hai evaM azubha nAma karma kA arthAt nAma karma kI pApa prakRtiyoM kA arjana evaM baMdha mAyA kaSAya ke udaya se hotA hai, yathA zubhanAmakarma kA upArjana mAyamajjavabhAveNa -dazavaikAlika sUtra, adhyayana 8, gAthA 39 mAyA-vijaeNaM ajjavaM jnnyi| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 69 ajjavayAe NaM bhaMte! jIve kiM jaNayai? ajjavayAe NaM kAujjuyayaM, bhAvujjuyayaM, bhAsujjuyayaM, avisaMvAyaNaM jnnyi| avisaMvAyaNa-saMpannayAe NaM jIve dhammassa ArAhae bhvi|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 48 goyamA! kAujjuyayAe, bhAvujjuyayAe, bhAsujjuyayAe, avisaMvAyaNa-jogeNaM subhanAmakammAsarIra-jAva pogbNdhe| -bhagavatI sUtra 8.9.84 yogavakratAvisaMvAdanaM cAzubhasya naamnH| viparItaM shubhsy| -tattvArthasUtra, adhyayana 6, sUtra 21-22 Page #143 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 94 -- ----- puNya-pApa tattva artha-mAyA kaSAya ko RjubhAva se jIte arthAt mAyA ko jItane se jIva RjubhAva ko prApta karatA hai| RjutA (saralatA) se jIva kAyA kI saralatA, bhAvoM kI saralatA, bhASA (vacana) kI saralatA aura avisaMvAditA ko prApta karatA hai jisase dharma kA ArAdhaka hotA hai| kAyA kI saralatA, bhAva kI saralatA, bhASA (vANI) kI saralatA tathA avisaMvAdana yoga zubha nAmakarma ke hetu haiN| azubha nAma karma kA upArjana goyamA! kAyaaNujjayAe..."jAva visaMvAyaNajogeNaM pogbNdhe| -bhagavatI sUtra 8.9 artha-kAyA kI vakratA se, bhAva kI vakratA se, bhASA kI vakratA se aura visaMvAda yoga se azubha nAma karma kI prakRtiyoM kA baMdha hotA hai| uparyukta Agama sUtroM se spaSTa hai ki aRjutA se, vakratA se arthAt mAyA kaSAya ke udaya se azubha nAma karma kI prakRtiyoM kA arjana (Asrava) evaM baMdha hotA hai tathA RjutA se, saralatA se arthAt mAyA kaSAya kI kSINatA va kamI se zubha nAmakarma kI prakRtiyoM kA upArjana hotA hai| ucca gotra karma kA upArjana gotra karma ke do bheda haiM-nIca gotra evaM ucca gotr| inameM se nIca gotra pApa prakRti hai, jisakA upArjana (Asrava) mada se arthAt mAna kaSAya ke udaya se hotA hai tathA ucca gotra puNya prakRti hai jisakA upArjana mRdutA se arthAt mAna kaSAya ke kSaya va kamI se hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai mANaM maddavayA jinne| -dazavaikAlika sUtra, adhyayana 8, gAthA 39 Page #144 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se aura pApa kA upArjana kaSAya kI vRddhi se --- 95 mANavijaeNaM maddavaM jnnyi| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 29, sUtra 68 maddavayAe NaM aNussiyattaM jnnyi| aNusiyatteNaM jIve miu-maddavasaMpanne aTTha-mayaTThANAI nitttthaavei|| -uttarAdhyayana, adhyayana 29, sUtra 49 goyamA! jAiamaeNaM, kulaamaeNaM, balaamaeNaM, rUvaamaeNaM, tavaamaeNaM, suyaamaeNaM, lAbhaamaeNaM, issariyaamaeNaM uccagoyakammAsarIraM jAva pogbNdhe| -bhagavatI sUtra, zataka 8, uddezaka 9 artha-mAna kaSAya ko mRdutA se jIte arthAt mAna kaSAya para vijaya se mRdutA guNa prakaTa hotA hai| mRdutA se jIva anuddhatabhAva ko prApta hotA hai| anuddhatabhAva (vinaya) se, mRdutA se jIva ATha madoM ko naSTa kara detA hai| jAtimada, kulamada, balamada, rUpamada, tapamada, zrutamada, lAbhamada aura aizvaryamada ina ATha madoM ko na karane se ucca gotra kA baMdha hotA hai| nIca gotra kA upArjana goyamA! jAimaeNaM, kulamaeNaM, balamaeNaM, jAva issariyamaeNaM NIyAgoyakammA jAva pogbNdhe| -bhagavatI, zataka 8, uddezaka 9, sUtra 87 artha-jAtimada, kulamada Adi uparyukta ATha mada karane se arthAt mAna kaSAya ke udaya se nIca gotra rUpa pApa prakRti kA baMdha hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki prANI jisa vastu kA mada yA abhimAna karatA hai arthAt jisa vastu ke AdhAra para apanA mUlyAMkana karatA hai, usa vastu kA mUlya va mahattva bar3ha jAtA hai aura usa svayaM kA mUlya ghaTa jAtA hai| jisake pAsa vaha vastu usase adhika hai usake samakSa apane ko dIna-hIna anubhava karatA hai, usase apane ko nimna stara kA, nimna zreNI kA mAnatA hai| vaha hInatA aura abhimAna kI agni meM jalatA rahatA hai| yaha hInatA-dInatA kI Page #145 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 96 puNya-pApa tattva bhAvanA hI nIca gotra kA hetu hai| isake viparIta jo vyakti apanA mUlyAMkana vastu ke AdhAra para nahIM karatA vaha mada rahita nirabhimAnI ho jAtA hai| usameM ucca-nIca bhAva, choTe-bar3e kA bhAva, guru- laghu, hIna - dIna bhAva paidA nahIM hotA hai, yahI nirabhimAnatA evaM aguru-laghutva ucca gotra ke upArjana ke hetu haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki mAna kaSAya ke udaya se utpanna mada se nIca gotra kA upArjana evaM baMdha hotA hai aura mAna kaSAya ke kSaya se vinamratA, mRdutA se ucca gotra kA upArjana hotA hai| pUrvokta vivecana evaM AgamoM ke uddharaNoM se yaha spaSTa pramANita hotA hai ki kaSAyoM ke kSaya se puNya kA upArjana evaM kaSAyoM ke udaya se pApa kA arjana hotA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke adhyayana 29 meM 73 boloM kI pRcchA hai| vahA~ para tathA bhagavatI Adi sUtroM meM sarvatra pApoM ke kSaya kA hI vidhAna hai| kahIM para bhI puNya ke kSaya karane kA vidhi-vidhAna nahIM AyA hai| yahA~ yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki saMsArI jIva ke navama guNasthAna taka Ayu karma ko chor3akara zeSa sAta karmoM kA pratikSaNa baMdha hotA rahatA hai| ina karmoM ke baMdha ke kAraNa krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha kaSAya kA udaya hai| inameM se pratyeka kaSAya ke udaya se sAtoM karmoM kI puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kA upArjana va baMdha hotA hai aura kaSAya ke kSaya se karma baMdha kA kSaya hotA hai, paraMtu uparyukta vivecana ke anusAra kisI kaSAya ke kSaya se kisI vizeSa eka karma kI pApa prakRtiyoM kA kSaya aura puNya prakRtiyoM ke upArjana kA kAraNa mAnA jAya to zeSa karmoM kA baMdha kisase ho sakatA hai? uttara meM kahanA hogA ki Upara pRthak-pRthak kaSAya ke kSINa hone Page #146 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya kA upArjana kaSAya kI kamI se aura pApa kA upArjana kaSAya kI vRddhi se --- 97 se pRthak-pRthak karma kI pApa prakRtiyoM kA kSaya aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana batAyA gayA hai, vaha sthiti baMdha kI apekSA se nahIM hai, kiMtu anubhAga baMdha kI nyUnAdhikatA kI apekSA se samajhanA caahiye| udAharaNArthakAyA kI, bhAvoM kI, bhASA kI saralatA aura avisaMvAda se nAma kI zubha prakRtiyoM kA upArjana honA batAyA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki inase sAtoM karmoM kI samasta prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha kA evaM pApa prakRtiyoM kA kSaya va zubha prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vizeSa vRddhi hotI hai| isI prakAra anya kaSAyoM ke kSaya se samajhanA caahiye| isake viparIta kisI kaSAya ke udaya se sAtoM karmoM ke pApa karmoM ke sthiti baMdha meM vRddhi hotI hai, paraMtu kisI karma vizeSa kI pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vizeSa vRddhi hotI hai| phalitArtha yaha hai ki kaSAya ke kSaya se do prakAra ke phala milate haiM yathA-1. pApa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai 2. puNya karmoM kA upArjana hotA hai athavA yoM kaheM ki kaSAya kSaya kA AbhyaMtarika phala hai kSamA, saralatA, mRdutA Adi dharmoM kI upalabdhi honA aura bAhya phala sAtAvedanIya, ucca gotra, zubha nAma Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana honA hai| isa prakAra kaSAya ke kSaya va kamI se, AbhyaMtarika phala ke rUpa meM AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM bAhya phala ke rUpa meM bhautika vikAsa hotA hai| bhautika vikAsa puNya-prakRtiyoM ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai| isase yaha bhI phalita hotA hai ki bhautika vikAsa AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA ghAtaka va virodhI nahIM hai, pratyuta AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA AnuSaMgika phala hai aura bhautika vikAsa kA sadupayoga AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM sahAyaka va sahayogI hai| Azaya yaha hai ki bhautika vikAsa kA sadupayoga dayA, anukaMpA, karuNA se karane se bhoga-vAsanAoM kA rAga galatA hai jisase AdhyAtmika vikAsa Page #147 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 98 ----- ----- puNya-pApa tattva hotA hai| isake viparIta bhautika vikAsa ke durupayoga rUpa bhoga-pravRtti se Atmika adha:patana hotA hai| ata: mahattva puNya karma se prApta bhautika vikAsa ke sadupayoga kA hai| isa prakAra bhautika vikAsa AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA sahayogI kAraNa ho sakatA hai| bhautika vikAsa hai indriya, mana, vacana, kAyA Adi kI prANa zaktiyoM kA vikAsa honaa| prANa zakti kA vikAsa hI prANI kA vikAsa hai| puNya ke sadupayoga se zubha Ayu kA, uccagotra se udAttabhAvoM kA, zubha vedanIya se saMvedanazIlatA kA, zubha nAmakarma se pA~ca indriya, mana, vacana, kAya rUpa karaNoM kA nirmANa evaM inakI zakti kA vikAsa hotA hai| Page #148 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (10) kSayopazamAdi bhAva, puNya aura dharma jIva ke zubhAzubha pariNAma yA bhAva hI karma-baMdha ke evaM mukti ke hetu haiN| bhAva pA~ca haiM-audayika, kSAyika, aupazamika, kSAyopazamika evaM paarinnaamik| ina bhAvoM meM se kaunase bhAva karma baMdha ke hetu haiM aura kaunase bhAva karma kSaya ke yA mokSa ke hetu haiM, isa saMbaMdha meM zvetAmbara aura digambara donoM sampradAyoM ko yaha gAthA mAnya hai odaiyA baMdhayarA uvasamakhayamissayA ya mokkhyraa| bhAvo du pAriNAmio karaNo ya vajjio hoi|| artha-audayika bhAvoM se karma baMdha hotA hai, aupazamika, kSAyika aura mizra (kSAyopazamika) bhAvoM se mokSa hotA hai aura pAriNAmika bhAva baMdha aura mokSa ina donoM kA kAraNa nahIM hai| isa gAthA meM aupazamika, kSAyika aura kSAyopazamika ina tInoM bhAvoM ko mokSa kA hetu kahA hai| jo mokSa kA hetu hai, vaha dharma hotA hai| ata: isase yaha phalita hotA hai ki jaise aupazamika bhAva aura kSAyika bhAva dharmarUpa haiM, vaise hI kSAyopazamika bhAva bhI dharma haiN| kAraNa ki kSAyopazamika bhAva svabhAva hai kyoMki vaha kisI karma ke udaya se nahIM hotA hai, apitu karma ke sarvaghAtI spardhakoM ke kSaya va upazama se hotA hai| Page #149 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 100 puNya-pApa tattva yahIM prazna uThatA hai ki yadi kSayopazama bhAva ko dharma mAnA jAye to kSayopazama bhAva to mithyAtvI ke bhI hotA hai| ata: usake bhI dharma honA mAnanA hogA jabaki Agama meM samyagdarzana ke pazcAt hI dharma honA mAnA hai samyagdarzana ke pUrva nahIM / isa prakAra ina donoM mAnyatAoM meM virodha pratIta hotA hai| isakA samAdhAna kyA hai ? uparyukta prazna maulika hai| isake samAdhAna ke lie vyAvahArika evaM Agamika tathA sAmAnya evaM vizeSa dRSTi se vicAra karanA hogaa| sAmAnya dRSTi guNa svabhAva hai, ata: dharma hai aura doSa kRtrima hai, ata: adharma hai, pApa hai| doSa kI utpatti prANI kI bhUla se hotI hai, ata: doSa kA svataMtra astitva nahIM hai| ise dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to guNa kI kamI kA nAma hI doSa hai| guNa kA pUrNa abhAva kabhI nahIM hotA, kevala kamI hI ho sakatI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki koI bhI prANI kabhI pUrNa doSI yA pApI nahIM ho sktaa| kyoMki koI pUrNa doSI yA pApI ho jAye to usake guNa pUrNa rUpa se naSTa ho jAyeMge, jisase cetana 'cetana' na rahakara jar3a ho jAyegA, paraMtu aisA kabhI hotA nhiiN| prakArAntara se kaheM to pratyeka prANI guNa doSa yukta hotA hai| guNa jIva kA svabhAva hai, usakI utpatti nahIM hotI / utpatti doSa kI hotI hai / ata: nivRtti bhI doSa kI hotI hai| doSa kI nivRtti se guNa kI abhivyakti hotI hai utpatti nahIM, kyoMki jisakI utpatti hotI hai usakA vinAza avazya hotA hai / guNa kA nAza kabhI nahIM hotA, usa para AvaraNa AtA hai yA aMtarAya (aMtarAla ) par3atI hai| guNa svabhAva rUpa hone se dharma hai aura svabhAva meM kamI honA doSa hai, jo adharma hai| pahale kaha Aye haiM ki pratyeka prANI meM AMzika guNa va AMzika doSa haiN| ata: pratyeka prANI meM AMzika dharma va AMzika adharma Page #150 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kSayopazamAdi bhAva, puNya aura dharma ------ ------- 101 (doSa-pApa) hai| isa dRSTi se pratyeka prANI yA sabhI sAMsArika prANI dharmAtmA bhI haiM va pApAtmA bhI haiN| phira kise dharmAtmA kaheM aura kise pApAtmA? aisI sthiti meM pApI va dharmI meM bheda hI nahIM kiyA jA skegaa| sabhI eka samAna ho jAyeMge, jisase pApI va dharmAtmA kI pahacAna karanA kaThina ho jaayegaa| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki isa AMzika guNa-doSa rUpa dharma-adharma kA vizeSa mahattva nahIM hai, kyoMki pratyeka prANI ke pratikSaNa usake guNa doSa meM, hAni-vRddhi arthAt nyUnAdhikatA hotI hI rahatI hai| doSa kI nyUnatA athavA AMzika guNoM kI abhivyakti ko hI kSayopazama kahA jAtA hai| mithyAdRSTi ke kSamA, saralatA, namratA, karuNA Adi guNoM kI upalabdhi bhI doSoM ke kSayopazama se hI hotI hai| zubha yoga bhI vizuddhi bhAva se arthAt kSayopazama bhAva se hI hote haiM, kisI karma ke udaya se nahIM hote haiN| ata: svabhAva hai, dharma hai, vibhAva va adharma nahIM hai| prajJAcakSu paM. zrI sukhalAlajI saMghavI ke tattvArtha sUtra adhyayana 2 sUtra 1-7 meM TIkA meM spaSTa kahA hai ki audayika bhAva vibhAva hai aura zeSa cAra bhAva (kSAyopazamika, kSAyika Adi) svabhAva hai| paMDitajI ne isI sUtra ke adhyayana 5 sUtra 6 kI TIkA meM asaMyamI ke kSamA Adi guNoM ko sAmAnya dharma kahA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kSamA, saralatA, dayA, Adi guNa kSAyopazamika bhAva mithyAdRSTi ke bhI hote haiM aura ve svabhAva va dharma haiN| paraMtu ye sAmAnya dharma haiM aura yaha sAmAnya dharma sabhI prANiyoM meM nyUnAdhika pAyA jAtA hai| paraMtu jaba taka kSAyika bhAva se karmoM kA mUla se kSaya nahIM hotA taba taka mukti kI prApti nahIM hotii| ata: jo mahattva karmoM ke kSaya hone kA hai vaha kSayopazama kA nhiiN| kAraNa ki sAmAnya dharma meM hAni vRddhi hotI hI rahatI hai aura kisI na kisI aMza meM tatsaMbaMdhI doSa kA udaya bhI banA hI rahatA hai| Page #151 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ --- puNya-pApa tattva 102 --- doSa kA hI dUsarA nAma rAga-dveSa rUpa kaSAya hai| kaSAya cAra prakAra kA hai-1. anaMtAnubaMdhI 2. apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa 3. pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa aura 4. sNjvln| samyaktva ke abhAva meM anaMtAnubaMdhI kaSAya ke anubhAga kI nyUnatA ko vizuddhi yA puNya va anubhAga kI vRddhi ko saMkleza yA pApa kahA jAtA hai| kaSAya kI nyUnatA se cetanA ke darzana guNa rUpa saMvedana zakti ke AvaraNa meM va jJAna guNa ke AvaraNa meM kamI ho jAtI hai, jisase ina guNoM kI abhivyakti meM vRddhi hotI hai| yahI vikAsa puNya tattva kA dyotaka hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki vizuddhi kI vRddhi se bAhya jagat se saMbaMdha rakhane vAle aghAtI karma kI vedanIya, Ayu, nAma, gotra kI adhikAMza pApa prakRtiyoM kA baMdha ruka jAtA hai aura gati, jAti, saMhanana, saMsthAna, Ayu, gotra Adi kI puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA sarjana hotA hai| jisa prakAra anaMtAnubaMdhI ke kSaya va upazama se jo cetanA kA zuddha svarUpa prakaTa hotA hai, vaha dharma hai| isI prakAra apratyAkhyAnAvaraNa, pratyAkhyAnAvaraNa va saMjvalana kaSAya ke kSaya yA upazama se cAritra kI vizuddhi hotI hai vahI dharma kahA gayA hai| ina karmoM ke anubhAga va sthiti kI kamI ko dharma nahIM kahA gayA hai| uparyukta dharma kI vyAkhyA sAdhanA kI dRSTi se hai jo guNa ke pUrNa zuddha rUpa vizuddhi ko lekara kahI gaI hai| anyathA to AMzika vizuddhi bhI svabhAva ko hI pragaTa karatI hai| ata: vaha bhI vyAvahArika dRSTi se dharma hI hai| isa dRSTi se kSayopazama, zubha pravRtti yA puNya pravRtti bhI dharma hI hai| dharma kI ina donoM vyAkhyAoM meM virodha yA maulika bheda nahIM hai| yaha bheda kevala lakSya va lAkSaNika dRSTi se hai| ise lakSyabheda isa rUpa meM kahA jA sakatA hai ki jo kArya jisa Page #152 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kSayopazamAdi bhAva, puNya aura dharma ------ ------- 103 lakSya se kiyA jAtA hai vaha usI kA aMga hotA hai aura usI nAma se kahA jAtA hai| jaise jisa mahilA kA lakSya bhojana banAnA hai, usa mahilA kI bhojana banAne saMbaMdhI jitanI kriyAe~ haiM ve saba bhojana banAne rUpa kArya kI hI aMga haiN| bhojana ke lie sTova jalAnA, koyale phor3anA, jala lAnA, ATA gUMthanA Adi kArya karate hue use pUchA jAya ki kyA kara rahI ho? to ina sabakA eka hI uttara hogA-bhojana banA rahI huuN| isI prakAra samyagdRSTi kA lakSya mukti-prApti rUpa dharma hone se usakI tadviSayaka pratyeka kriyA dharma kahI jAtI hai tathA mithyAdRSTi kA lakSya viSaya-sukha kA bhoga hone se usakA pratyeka kArya usI kA aMga kahalAtA hai| yaha bheda lakSya kI dRSTi se hai anyathA to mithyAdRSTi kA kSayopazama va vizuddhi bhAva bhI karmakSaya kA hI hetu hai, baMdha kA nhiiN| yahI samyagdarzana kI prApti meM bhI hetu hai, jaisA ki kahA hai khayauvasamiyA visohI desaNApAuggA karaNaladdhI y| cattAri vi sAmaNNA karaNa puNa hoi smmtte|| -dhavalA pustaka 6, pRSTha 204 va gommaTasAra jIva kAMDa gAthA 651 arthAt samyaktva-prApti meM kSAyopazamika, vizuddhi (puNya), dezanA, prAyogya aura karaNa, ye pA~ca labdhiyA~ hotI haiN| inameM se cAra sAmAnya haiM, jo karaNalabdhi meM sahAyaka hotI haiN| isa dRSTi se mithyAdRSTi ke kSAyopazamika va vizuddhi (puNya) bhAva bhI dharma hI haiN| dharma kA yaha bheda lakSaNa kI dRSTi se hai| sAmAnya dharma se pRthak karane vAle vizeSa asAdhAraNa dharma ko lakSaNa kahA jAtA hai| dharma ke isa lAkSaNika bheda ko samajhane ke lie audayika, kSAyopazamika, kSAyika va aupazamika bhAva ko dRSTigata karanA hogaa| karmoM ke udayajanya bhAva ko audayika bhAva kahA jAtA hai| udaya Page #153 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 104 puNya-pApa tattva do prakAra kA hai-ghAtIkarma aura aghAtI karma rUpa / ghAtI karma ke udaya meM AMzika kamI ko kSAyopazamika bhAva kahA jAtA hai| udaya rUpa doSa ke sarvathA kSaya ko kSAyika bhAva va udaya ke pUrNa upazama ko aupazamika bhAva kahA jAtA hai| audayika bhAva AtmA ke nija svarUpa yA svabhAva rUpa dharma kI ghAta karane vAlA hone se ise adharma yA pApa kahA jAtA hai| kSAyopazamika bhAva se AtmA ke AMzika guNa prakaTa hote haiM va kSAyika va upazama bhAva se pUrNa guNa prakaTa hote haiN| ataH ye tInoM bhAva AtmA ke guNa svabhAva ko prakaTa karane vAle hone se dharma haiN| paraMtu ina tInoM bhAvoM meM se doSoM kI kamI rUpa kSAyopazamika bhAva nyUnAdhika rUpa se sabhI jIvoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| ataH kSAyopazamika bhAva sabhI jIvoM kA sAmAnya dharma huaa| isa sAmAnya dharma se pRthak karane vAlA arthAt asAmAnya koTi kA, doSa ko pUrNa kSaya karane vAlA kSAyika bhAva va doSa upazama karane vAlA aupazamika bhAva ye donoM bhAva apanI vizeSatA rakhate haiN| isI vizeSa dharma ko, sAmAnya dharma se pRthak karane vAlA hone kI dRSTi se inhIM ko dharma mAnA hai| paraMtu isase sAmAnya dharma kA mahattva kama nahIM ho jAtA hai| jaise hAyara saikeNDarI zikSA se kaoNleja kI zikSA apanI vizeSatA rakhatI hai, isase hAyara saikeNDarI zikSA kA mahattva khatma nahIM ho jAtA hai| kAraNa ki hAyara saikeNDarI zikSA ke binA kaoNleja kI zikSA kA jJAna saMbhava nahIM hai| isI prakAra kSAyopazamika bhAva kI vRddhi ke binA kSAyika va aupazamika bhAva rUpa dharma saMbhava hI nahIM hai| kAraNa ki kSAyopazamika bhAva se Atma-zakti kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai, jisase vyakti meM mukti prApta karane ke lie Avazyaka puruSArtha karane kA sAmarthya AtA hai tathA kSAyika evaM aupazamika upalabdhi Page #154 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kSayopazamAdi bhAva, puNya aura dharma ------ ---------- 105 kI abhivyakti hotI hai| ata: kSAyopazamika bhAva samyagjJAna-darzanacAritra kI bhUmikA hai| yaha nizcita hai ki kSAyopazamika bhAva kA bhI bar3A mahattva hai, kyoMki sAmAnya dharma ke abhAva meM vizeSa dharma saMbhava hI nahIM hai| isIliye kSAyopazamika bhAva ko mukti kA hetu kahA hai| __mithyAtvI jIva ke dayA, dAna, karuNA evaM vAtsalya bhAva kSayopazama bhAva rUpa hote haiN| inase usake udayamAna kaSAya yA rAga-dveSamoha galate haiM, kSaya va kSINa hote haiN| isaliye ise zubha yoga rUpa saMvara va sAmAnya nirjarA kA hetu kahA jA sakatA hai| paraMtu yaha kSayopazamabhAva rUpa hI hotA hai kSAyika yA upazama bhAva rUpa nahIM hotA hai| kyoMki isake sAtha rahe mithyAtva ke kAraNa sattA meM rahe huye kaSAya rUpa rAga-dveSa moha kI jar3a kA isase unmUlana va kSaya nahIM hotA hai| isa dRSTi se ise AtyaMtika karma kSaya rUpa vizeSa dharma kI koTi meM nahIM ginAyA gayA hai| Upara jaise dharma ke do prakAra kahe haiM yathA-1. sahaja bhAva se svataH hone vAlA sAmAnya dharma aura 2. vizeSa vizuddhi ke lie vizeSa pratyana se hone vAlA vizeSa dhrm| aise hI nirjarA ke bhI do prakAra kahe haiM-1. svata: hone vAlI sahaja krm-nirjraa| ise akAma nirjarA yA savipAka nirjarA kahA jAtA hai tathA 2. karmoM ke vizeSa kSaya ke lie tapazcaryA Adi vizeSa prayatna se hone vAlI vizeSa nirjarA, jise sakAma nirjarA yA avipAka nirjarA kahA jAtA hai| yaha samyagdarzanapUrvaka, viSaya-kaSAya ke tyAga se, svAdhyAya, dhyAna Adi sAdhanA se hotI hai| ina do prakAra kI nirjarAoM meM se tattvajJAna meM dUsarI prakAra kI vizeSa nirjarA ko hI nirjarA tattva meM sthAna diyA hai jo bAhya va AbhyaMtara tapa se hotI hai| mithyAtvI jIva bhI anazana, vinaya, vaiyAvRttya, dhyAna Adi Page #155 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 106 puNya-pApa tattva tapa karatA hai isase mithyAtvI ke karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai, paraMtu yaha nirjarA karmoM ke kSayopazama rUpa hotI hai - karmoM ke AtyaMtika kSaya yA upazama rUpa nahIM hotii| kAraNa ki vaha mithyAtvI jIva anazana, dhyAna Adi tapa bhI karatA hai, to kisI du:kha ke bhaya se yA viSaya- kaSAya janya sukha ke pralobhana se karatA hai, nirvikAra hone ke lie nahIM karatA hai| ata: ise sAdhanA rUpa dharma nahIM khaa| dUsarI nirjarA vikAra rahita hone ke lie vizeSa prakAra ke puruSArtha rUpa sAdhanA karane se hotI hai| isase karmoM kI nirjarA sAmAnya nirjarA se asaMkhya guNI hotI hai| isa vizeSa nirjarA ko sAmAnya se pRthak rUpa se prastuta karane ke lie nirjarA tattva meM sthAna diyA gayA hai tathA dharma kahA gayA hai| isI prakAra saMvara ko bhI leM, karmoM ke Ane ke rukane ko saMvara kahate haiN| yaha saMvara bhI do prakAra kA hai - 1. svata: sahajabhAva se hone vAlA sAmAnya saMvara aura 2. vizeSa prayatna pUrvaka vizeSa karmoM kA AnA rukane rUpa vizeSa sNvr| inameM se prathama prakAra ke saMvara meM kSayopazama bhAva se arthAt kaSAya kI kamI se svata: jitanI duSpravRtti kama ho rahI hai, jisase utanA karmoM kA AnA ruka rahA hai, karma baMdha kama ho rahA hai, yaha sAmAnya saMvara hai jo nyUnAdhika rUpa se prANI mAtra ke hara samaya ho rahA hai| isa saMvara kI dRSTi se sabhI prANI saMvara yukta haiN| paraMtu isa sAmAnya saMvara ko sAdhanA rUpa saMvara meM grahaNa nahIM kiyA gayA hai, pratyuta jo rAga-dveSa Adi vikAroM se bacane ke lie samyagdarzana pUrvaka vizeSa saMvara kiyA jAtA hai, use hI sAmAnya saMvara se pRthak karane ke lie saMvara rUpa dharma kahA hai| isa prakAra saMyama, tyAga, tapa Adi sabhI sAdhanAe~ do prakAra kI haiM- 1. du:kha ke bhaya va sukha ke pralobhana se kI jAne vAlI aura 2. viSaya Page #156 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kSayopazamAdi bhAva, puNya aura dharma 107 kaSAya janya sukha meM (bhogoM) duHkha kA darzana kara usa viSaya bhoga ke sukha se mukti pAne ke lie kI jAne vAlI / isI ko Agama kI bhASA meM samyagdarzana yukta sAdhanA kahA jAtA hai| ina do prakAra ke saMyama-tyAga Adi meM se prathama prakAra kA saMyama, tyAga Adi samaya-samaya para sabhI mAnava prAya: karate rahate haiN| yathA-madhumeha ke rogI kA zakkara yA miThAI khAnA chor3a denA, hRdaya rogI kA ghRta, namaka khAnA chor3a denA, zAma ko bhoja meM vizeSa miThAI khAne ke sukha lene ke pralobhana se prAta:kAla kA bhojana na karanA, vastu ke na milane se yA bhogane kI zakti na hone se bhoga na karanA yA samAja kI burAI ke bhaya se yA rAjya ke daNDa ke Dara se kisI duSpravRtti se bacanA Adi rUpa meM saMyama va tyAga krnaa| yaha prathama prakAra kA tyAga va saMyama hai| ise sAdhanA rUpa saMyama yA tyAga kI koTi meM nahIM ginA jA sakatA, kyoMki isakA lakSya viSaya sukha tyAganA nahIM hai pratyuta use banAye rakhanA hai, usakA poSaNa karanA va prApta karanA hai jo asaMyama kA hI dyotaka hai; jabaki dUsare prakAra ke saMyama-tyAga kA lakSya viSaya-vikAra ke bhoga (sukha) se mukti pAnA hai, yahI saccA saMyama va saccA tyAga hai| Agama meM isa dUsare prakAra ke saMyama va tyAga ko hI saMyama va tyAga kI koTi meM liyA gayA hai| isI prakAra puNya bhI do prakAra kA hai| pahalA mithyAdRSTi kAsahaja-svAbhAvika kSAyopazamika bhAva se hone vAlA, sAmAnya puNya / yaha duHkha ke bhaya va sukha ke pralobhana se yukta hotA hai| dUsarA samyagdRSTi kA kSAyika va aupazamika bhAva se, saMvara nirjarA se hone vAlA asAmAnya puNya / yaha bhAvAtmaka puNya AdhyAtmika vikAsa evaM mukti kA hetu hotA hai| ata: yaha dharma rUpa hai| Page #157 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 108--- --- puNya-pApa tattva Age ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma prakaraNa meM sthAnAMga sUtra ke anusAra mukti prApti ke cAra dvAra batAye gaye haiM-1. kSamA, 2. mukti (saMtoSa), 3. Arjava (saralatA) aura 4. mArdava (vinmrtaa)| ye cAroM guNa krodha, lobha, mAyA aura mAna ina cAroM kaSAyoM ke kSaya, upazama, kSayopazama (maMdatA) se prakaTa hote haiN| ye cAra kaSAya cAritra mohanIya haiN| ye cAra kaSAya hI AtmA ko dUSita karane vAle, cAritra kA patana karane vAle arthAt kSamA, saralatA Adi AtmA ke divya guNoM kA ghAta karane vAle haiN| inhIM se samasta pApa karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| isake viparIta ina kaSAyoM meM hAni hone se bhAvoM meM vizuddhi hotI hai, jisase AtmA meM AMzika nirdoSatA bar3hatI hai, Atma-guNa AMzika rUpa meM prakaTa hote haiN| Atma guNoM kA prakaTa honA dharma hai| paraMtu AMzika nirdoSatA se, Atma guNoM ke AMzika rUpa meM prakaTa hone se AtmA ko mukti nahIM milatI hai| mukti kI anubhUti hotI hai pUrNa nirdoSatA se| yahI kAraNa hai ki AMzika nirdoSatA, AMzika AtmaguNa sabhI prANiyoM meM hone para bhI unheM mukti nahIM milii| mukti-prApti ke lie pUrNa nirdoSatA kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| pUrNa nirdoSatA kI anubhUti kSayopazama bhAva se nahIM hokara aupazamika evaM kSAyika svarUpa kI jhalaka milatI hai, AtmA kA samyagdarzana hotA hai| phira zeSa kaSAyoM ke pUrNa upazama se athavA pUrNa kSaya hone se vItarAgatA kI va mukti kI anubhUti hotI hai, jaisA ki kahA hai nANaM ca dasaNaM ceva, carittaM ca tavo thaa| esa maggupatti paNNatto, jiNehiM vrdNsihiN|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 28, gAthA 2 natthi-carittaM smmttvihnnN| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 28, gAthA 29 Page #158 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ kSayopazamAdi bhAva, puNya aura dharma akasAyaM khu carittaM / caraNaM havai sa dhammo / 109 -bRhatkalpabhASya, 2712 jo uvasamai tassa atthi ArAhaNA / jo na uvasamai tassa natthi ArAhaNA / / -mokSapAhuDa 50 -bRhatkalpa 1.35 bhAvArtha-jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura tapa se mukti kI prApti hotI hai| samyaktva ke binA cAritra nahIM hotaa| akaSAya hI cAritra hai aura cAritra hI dharma hai tathA kaSAyoM ke upazama ke binA ArAdhanA nahIM hotI hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki kSayopazama bhAva se jo AtmA ke kSamA Adi guNa prakaTa hote haiM arthAt AtmA meM jo nirdoSatA AtI hai vaha AMzika hotI hai aura kSAyika bhAva se jo nirdoSatA AtI hai vaha paripUrNa hotI hai| AMzika nirdoSatA va AMzika guNa prANi - mAtra meM hai| jo AMzika nirdoSatA meM hI saMtuSTa haiM ve mukti ke patha para Age nahIM bar3hate haiN| mukti ke patha para ve hI Age bar3hate haiM jo AMzika nirdoSatA se saMtuSTa na hokara doSoM ko sarvathA nirmUlakara nirdoSa honA cAhate haiN| pUrNa nirdoSatA hI vItarAgatA hai, mukti hai| Page #159 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (11) ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma puNya kI vyAkhyA pahale kara Ae haiM, yahA~ dharma kI katipaya paribhASAe~ de rahe haiM - cattAri dhammadArA-khaMtI, muttI, ajjave, madave dharma ke cAra dvAra haiM-kSamA, saMtoSa, saralatA aura mRdutA (namratA ) / -sthAnAMga 4.4 samiyAe dhamme AriehiM paveie Arya mahAnubhAvoM ne samabhAva meM dharma kahA hai| dhammo maMgalamukkiTTaM, ahiMsA saMjamo tvo| dharma utkRSTa maMgala hai| vaha ahiMsA, saMyama evaM tapa rUpa hai| -dazavaikAlika 1.1 dhammassa viNao mUlaM / dharma kA mUla vinaya hai| dhammo vtthushaavo| -AcArAMga 1.8.3 vastu kA svabhAva hI dharma hai| -dazavaikAlika 9.2.2 -kArtikeyAnuprekSA 478 asuhAdo viNivatti, suhe pavitti ya jANa cArittaM / azubha se nivRtti aura zubha meM pravRtti ko cAritra jAno / - dravyasaMgraha, 45 Page #160 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma dhammo dayAvisuddho dayA yukta dharma vizuddha hotA hai| jIvANaM rakkhaNaM dhammo / jIvoM kI rakSA karanA dharma hai| ahiMsAdilakSaNo dharmaH / dharma ahiMsAdi lakSaNa vAlA hai| sIlaM mokkhassa sovANaM / zIla-sadAcAra mokSa kA sopAna hai| -tattvArthasUtra 6.13, rAjavArtika TIkA saMtosiNo no pakareMti pAvaM / saMtoSI sAdhaka pApa nahIM karate haiN| 111 - bodhapAhuDa, 25 - kArtikeyAnuprekSA 478 uvasameNa haNe kohaM, mANaM maddavayA jiNe / mAyamajjavabhAveNa, lobhaM saMtosao jinne|| -zIlapAhuDa 20 -sUtrakRtAMga 1.12.15 krodha ko zAMti se, mAna ko mRdutA se - namratA se, mAyA ko RjutA, saralatA se aura lobha ko saMtoSa se jItanA caahiye| -dazavaikAlika sUtra 8.39 Upara jo dharma kI paribhASAe~ dI gaI haiM, unameM AtmA ke svAbhAvika guNa kSamA, saMtoSa, saralatA, namratA, samabhAva, anukaMpA Adi ko evaM ina guNoM ke kriyAtmaka rUpa dayA, jIvoM kA rakSaNa, zIla, sadAcAra Adi sadpravRttiyoM ko dharma kahA gayA hai| Page #161 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 112---- ---- puNya-pApa tattva ___sAmAnya jana to dayA, dAna, sevA, paropakAra Adi sadpravRttiyoM ko arthAt zubha yoga ko dharma hI mAnate haiM, paraMtu kucha buddhivAdI yaha yukti dete haiM ki dayA, rakSA, karuNA, anugraha, vAtsalya, sevA, paropakAra, maitrI, anukaMpA Adi ahiMsA ke vidhiparaka rUpa arthAt zubha yoga pravRttiyukta hote haiM, ata: ye puNya baMdha ke kAraNa haiM, dharma nahIM haiM aura baMdha saMsAra meM bhramaNa karAtA hai, rulAtA hai, ata: burA hai, heya hai, tyAjya hai| ata: puNya muktiprApti meM bAdhaka hone se dharma nahIM hai| dharma to nivRtti rUpa hI hotA hai| lekina unakA yaha kathana yuktiyukta nahIM hai, kAraNa ki jIvana kA adhyayana karane se aisA vidita hotA hai ki pravRtti do prakAra kI hai-1. duSpravRtti aura 2. sdprvRtti| hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, viSaya-kaSAya Adi duSpravRttiyA~ sarvathA tyAjya hI haiN| dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya Adi sadpravRttiyA~ haiN| ye AtmA ko pavitra karane vAlI haiN| ata: inheM dharma kahA jAtA hai tathA puNya bhI kahA jAtA hai| ina pravRttiyoM kA bhAvAtmaka rUpa tyAgamaya hone se dharma hai, kAraNa ki jahA~ tyAga hai, vahA~ dharma hai tathA ina pravRttiyoM kA kriyAtmaka rUpa svapara hitakArI hone se ye puNya rUpa haiN| puNya aura dharma paraspara sahayogI, sahAyaka va pUraka haiN| sadpravRttiyoM ke kriyAtmaka rUpa puNya se tyAga rUpa dharma sajIva, prANavAna, sthAyI va sabala hotA hai aura tyAga rUpa dharma se kriyAtmaka rUpa puNya puSTa hotA hai| kisI kA mana se bhalA yA hita socanA rUpa pravRtti tathA vacana aura kAyA se hita karane rUpa dayA, dAna, rakSA Adi vidhiparaka pravRttiyoM ko ThANAMga sUtra ke navama ThANe meM puNya meM ginAyA gayA hai| dayA, rakSA Adi ko praznavyAkaraNa sUtra ke dvitIya zrutaskaMdha meM ahiMsA meM ginAyA hai aura ahiMsA ko vahA~ saMvara meM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai| saMvara dharma rUpa hI hotA hai| Page #162 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma ------ ------- 113 ata: dayA, rakSA Adi sadpravRttiyA~ va zubha yoga saMvara yA dharma rUpa hI haiN| puNya aura saMvara ina donoM kA AtmA kI pavitratA ke sAtha ghaniSTha saMbaMdha haiN| inakA yaha saMbaMdha deha ke aMta hone taka arthAt siddha hone ke pUrva kSaNa taka rahatA hai| ata: kucha logoM kI mAnyatA ki-"jo puNya hai, vaha dharma nahIM hai", ke pIche Agama kA koI AdhAra ho, aisA nahIM lagatA hai| kisI bhI Agama meM va usakI prAcIna TIkAoM meM yaha nahIM kahA gayA hai ki puNya dharma nahIM hai| vastuta: jisa prakAra saMvara aura nirjarA AtmA ko pavitra karane vAle tathA mokSa ke sAdhana hone se dharma haiM, isI prakAra AtmA ko pavitra karane vAlA puNya bhI mokSa kA sAdhana hone se dharma hai| saMvara aura nirjarA taka kI taraha puNya bhI dharma kA hI aMga hai, kAraNa ki zubha yoga puNya hai aura zubhayoga saMvara bhI hai| zubha yoga pravRtti kA bhAvAtmaka rUpa, azubha kI nivRtti rUpa saMvara hai aura kriyAtmaka rUpa puNya hai| bhAvAtmaka aura kriyAtmaka rUpa kA pragAr3ha saMbaMdha hone se mukti mArga meM aMta taka sAtha rahane se donoM hI dharma haiN| jo AtmA kA patana karatA hai, vaha pApa hai| pApa dharma nahIM hai, pApa adharma hai| yadi AtmA ko pavitra karane vAle puNya ko adharma mAnA jAya to AtmA ko pavitra karane vAle saMvara, tapa ko bhI adharma mAnanA hogaa| isI prakAra mukti-prApti ke samaya puNya chUTa jAne se puNya ko adharma, heya yA tyAjya mAnA jAya to mukti prApti ke samaya saMvara, tapa, yathAkhyAta cAritra Adi samasta sAdhanAe~ chUTa jAtI haiN| ata: inheM bhI adharma evaM heya mAnanA hogA jo kisI ko svIkArya nahIM hai| zubha yoga dayA, dAna Adi ahiMsA ke kriyAtmaka rUpa haiM, jo AtmA ko pavitra karane vAle haiN| isalie zubha yoga ko puNya kahA gayA hai| yaha jJAtavya hai ki prAcIna sabhI granthoM meM 'puNya' ko AtmA ko pavitra karane Page #163 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 114--- --- puNya-pApa tattva vAlA kahA hai arthAt dharma kahA hai| AtmA ko pavitra karane vAle puNya ko adharma, heya yA tyAjya mAnA jAya to AtmA kA patana karane vAlA pApa to heya va tyAjya hai hii| phira to donoM heya hI hue| donoM meM koI aMtara hI nahIM huA, aisA hI mAnakara kucha vidvAnoM ne AtmA ko pavitra karane vAle puNya ko sone kI zUlI aura AtmA kA patana karane vAle pApa ko lohe kI zUlI kahA hai| zUlI lohe kI ho yA sone kI, zUlI para car3hakara mRtyudaNDa pAne vAle ko isase kyA aMtara par3atA hai? arthAt kucha nhiiN| kyoMki aisA to hotA nahIM hai ki sone kI zUlI para mRtyudaMDa pAne vAle kI mRtyu prasannatApUrvaka hotI ho athavA mRtyu nahIM hotI ho| zUlI sone kI ho athavA lohe kI, usakA kAma mauta ke ghATa utAranA hai, mRtyu va du:kha donoM to samAna hI milate haiN| donoM kA phala samAna hai| isa dRSTi se pApa ko lohe kI ber3I yA lohe kI zUlI mAnanA tathA puNya ko sone kI ber3I yA zUlI mAnanA puNya-pApa ko samAna mAnanA hai va samAna stara para lA denA hai| phira puNya kA pApa se bhinna kucha artha hI nahIM raha jAtA hai| isa prakAra dayA, dAna, maitrI, rakSA Adi puNya rUpa zubha pravRttiyoM ko hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, vyabhicAra Adi pApa rUpa azubha pravRttiyoM kI koTi meM lA denA hai, jo sarvathA anupayukta evaM anucita hai| uparyukta mAnyatA ko svIkAra karanA puNya karake apanI hAni karanA hai| isase usakA dayA, dAna Adi zubha yA sadkArya va puNya na karanA hI zreSTha hogA, jisase janma-maraNa va saMsAra-paribhramaNa rUpa duHkha ko bar3hAvA to na mile| abhI pApa pravRtti se saMsAra-paribhramaNa ho rahA hai, vahI bahuta hai| phira puNya karake usa paribhramaNa ko bar3hAne kI mUrkhatA kyoM kI jAya? Azaya yahI hai ki isa mAnyatA ko svIkAra karanA dayA, dAna, karuNA, sevA rUpa Page #164 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ----115 ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma ----- mAnavIya guNoM kA hI uccheda kara denA hai jo ghora amAnavatA hai| jisakA mAnava jIvana meM koI sthAna hI nahIM hai| isI viSaya meM bahuzruta paM. ratna zrI samarthamalajI ma.sA. se lekhaka ne bUMdI (rAjasthAna) meM pRcchA kI thI- "mahArAja! yaha pharamAiye ki AgamoM meM puNya ko heya kyoM kahA gayA hai?" uttara meM zrI bahuzrutajI mahArAja ne pharamAyA ki-"AgamoM meM puNya ko kahIM bhI heya nahIM kahA gayA hai aura na hama "puNya heya hai', aisA mAnate haiN| jo zobhAspada hotA hai|'' mujhe bahuzrutajI kA yaha kathana yathArtha lagatA hai, kyoMki puNya yadi heya hotA aura sAdhaka ke lie tyAjya hotA to AgamoM meM jaise pApa ke kSaya kI sAdhanA batAI gaI haiM usI prakAra puNya kSaya kI sAdhanA bhI batAI gaI hotii| paraMtu Agama meM puNya kSaya kA koI upAya yA sAdhanA nahIM batAyI gayI hai| Agama meM ahiMsA, saMyama aura taparUpa dharma-sAdhanA athavA jJAna, darzana, cAritra aura tapa rUpa sAdhanA athavA anya jo bhI sAdhanAe~ batAI gaI haiM unase puNya kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai, pratyuta jaise-jaise sAdhaka sAdhanA mArga meM Age bar3hatA jAtA hai, puNya ke anubhAga kA utkarSa avazya hotA hai| isIliye vItarAga kevalI ananta puNyavAna hotA hai| yadi mukti ke lie puNya kSaya karanA Avazyaka mAnA jAye to phira puNya kSaya karane ke do hI mArga zeSa raha jAte haiM-1. puNya kA udaya meM Akara svata: kSaya honA aura 2. pApa kI vRddhi rUpa saMkleza bhAva se puNya prakRtiyoM kA pApa prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa honaa| prathama mArga nisarga para nirbhara karatA hai| usameM sAdhaka ko kucha nahIM karanA hotA hai| dUsarA mArga pApavRddhi kA hai jo sAdhaka ke lie ghAtaka hai, ata: tyAjya hI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki puNya sAdhaka ke lie bAdhaka yA tyAjya nahIM hai aura na puNya kSaya kA sAdhanA se koI saMbaMdha hI hai| Page #165 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 116--- --- puNya-pApa tattva jita jisa prakAra sAgara pAra pahu~cane para naukA chUTa jAtI hai, usI prakAra saMsAra sAgara pAra pahu~cakara mukta hone para puNya svata: chUTa jAtA hai athavA jisa prakAra auSadhi roga ko miTAkara svayaM chuTTI pA letI hai, usI prakAra 'puNya' pApa rUpa vikAroM ko naSTakara svayaM chUTa jAtA hai| isIliye Agama meM puNya ke kSaya karane kA kahIM bhI vidhi-vidhAna nahIM hai| sAdhaka ke lie pApatyAga kA vrata grahaNa karane ke samAna puNya-tyAga kA vrata grahaNa karane kA kahIM para nAmamAtra kA bhI ullekha yA vidhAna nahIM hai| ___ yathArthatA to yaha hai ki tyAga dharma kI AtmA hai aura puNya pravRtti dharma kI deha hai| jaise deha AtmA ko dhAraNa karane vAlA hai, saMsArI AtmA deha ke binA nahIM raha sakatI, dehAnta honA mRtyu hai vaise hI puNya dharma ko dhAraNa karane vAlA hai, sadeha avasthA meM dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya, maitrI Adi sadpravRttiyA~ rUpa puNya ke binA dharma yA tyAga nahIM Tika sakatA hai, kAraNa ki deha ke rahate huye pravRtti hogI hii| ata: sadpravRtti na hogI to duSpravRtti hogI, jisase sAdhaka kA patana hogaa| isaliye puNya rahita honA puNyahIna honA hai, puNyahIna dharmahIna hI hotA hai| dharmahIna honA saubhAgyahIna honA hai, durbhAgya kA AhvAna karanA hai| Upara kaha Aye haiM ki tyAga-saMvara-saMyama dharma kI AtmA hai aura puNya rUpa sadpravRttiyA~ dharma kI deha haiN| donoM dharma ke aMga haiN| donoM meM aMtara itanA hI hai ki AtmA avinAzI hotI hai aura deha vinaashii| isa prakAra saMvara aura puNya sadpravRttiyoM meM itanA hI aMtara hai ki tyAga rUpa saMvara sAdhanA kA abhinna aMga hai jo aMta meM mukti-prApti ke samaya sAdhya meM pariNata ho jAtA hai| jabaki sadpravRtti rUpa puNya sAdhanA kA sahayogI aMga hai jo sAdhya kI prApti ho jAne para naukA kI taraha svata: chUTa jAtA hai athavA agni kI Page #166 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma taraha hai jo IMdhana samApta hone para svataH zAMta evaM sAMta ho jAtA hai| saMvara yA tyAga sAdhanA bhI hai aura sAdhya bhI hai jabaki puNya sAdhana va sAdhanA hI hai, sAdhya nahIM hai| puNya vikAra dUra karane ke lie auSadhi ke samAna hai jo vikAra se mukti pAne para, svastha (nirvikAra) hone para svata: chUTa jAtA hai, jaise ki yathAkhyAta cAritra bhI svata: chUTa jAtA hai| 117 jaba taka zarIra hai taba taka prANI pravRtti kiye binA nahIM raha sktaa| yadi tana va vacana se pravRtti karanA ruka bhI jAya to mana meM ciMtana, manana, saMkalpa, vikalpa, vicAra Adi pravRttiyA~ calatI hI rahatI haiN| ata: sAdhaka rAga, dveSa, moha rUpa roga yA vikAra galAne vAlI, ghaTAne vAlI sadpravRtti nahIM karegA to rAga yA vikAra varddhaka duSpravRtti hogI hI / sadpravRttiyoM se vItarAgatA tathA akSaya, avyAbAdha, anaMta sukha kI ora gati hotI hai aura duSpravRtti se doSoM aura duHkhoM kI ora gati hotI hai| ata: jabajaba pravRtti kareM sajagatA, smRti, samiti-yatanApUrvaka kareM, rAga-dveSa rahita hokara samabhAvapUrvaka-sAmAyika rUpa se kreN| mana-vacana va kAyA ina tInoM yogoM meM se kisI na kisI yoga kI pravRtti to sayogI vItarAga ke bhI hotI rahatI hai| ve pravacana va upadeza dete hI haiN| ataH pravRtti karanA burA nahIM hai aura na baMdhana kA kAraNa hai| burA hai pravRtti ke sAtha lagA huA viSaya - kaSAya, raag-dvess| yahI baMdhana kA kAraNa bhI hai| ataH pravRtti tyAjya nahIM haiM, tyAjya hai viSaya - kaSAya / jisa pravRtti ke sAtha jitanA viSaya- kaSAya bhAva pragAr3ha hai vaha utanI hI duSpravRtti hai, pApa pravRtti hai, jo tyAjya hai| pravRtti ke tIna rUpa kahe jA sakate haiM - 1. rAga-dveSa Adi doSa varddhaka, 2. rAgAdi doSa nAzaka (gAlane vAlA) aura 3. rAga-dveSa Adi doSa Page #167 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 118 --- ---- puNya-pApa tattva rahita vItarAgatA yukt| inameM se prathama rAgAdi doSavarddhaka pravRtti pApa rUpa hone se tyAjya hI hai| dvitIya rAgAdi doSanAzaka pravRtti sAdhanA rUpa hone se karma kSaya karane vAlI hai aura tRtIya vItarAga-pravRtti naisargika hone se svata: sahaja hotI hai| inameM aMtima donoM pravRttiyA~ sadpravRttiyA~ haiM, inase lezamAtra bhI hAni nahIM hai| ye sadpravRttiyA~ tyAjya nahIM hai, upAdeya haiN| yahA~ taka ki sAdhaka aura vItarAga puruSa (sayogI kevalI) kA zvAsa lenA, bhASaNa denA Adi bhI sadpravRttiyA~ haiN| paraMtu ye karma baMdha kI hetu nahIM haiM kAraNa ki inakA upayoga va unakA jIvana apane bhoga ke lie nahIM hai, pratyuta saMsAra kI sevA ke lie hai| pravRtti mAtra karmabaMdha kA kAraNa ho, aisI bAta nahIM hai| pravRtti karmoM ko kSaya karane vAlI bhI hotI hai arthAt pravRtti se karmoM kI nirjarA bhI hotI hai| isa saMbaMdha meM bhagavatIsUtra kA nimnAMkita kathana ullekhanIya hai samaNovAsagassa NaM bhaMte! tahArUvaM samaNaM vA mAhaNaM vA aphAsueNaM aNesaNijjeNaM asaNapANakhAimasAimeNaM paDilAbhemANassa kiM kajjai? goyamA! egaMta so nijjarA kajjai, natthi ya se pAve kamme kjji| -bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 6 arthAt (gautamasvAmI pUchate haiM) he bhaMte! tathArUpa zramaNa yA mAhaNa ko prAsuka azana, pAna, khAdima aura svAdima kA AhAra dene vAle zramaNopAsaka ko kyA phala prApta hotA hai? (uttara meM bhagavAna pharamAte haiM) he gautama! zramaNopAsaka ko ekAMta nirjarA rUpa phala prApta hotA hai, use pApakarma nahIM lagatA hai| yahA~ dAna rUpa pravRtti ko ekAMta nirjarA kA kAraNa batAyA hai arthAt dAna rUpa pravRtti ko lezamAtra bhI pAparUpa baMdha kA kAraNa nahIM Page #168 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma ------ -------119 batAyA hai| kyoMki ekAMta nirjarA kA tAtparya baMdha kA sarvathA niSedha hI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki dAnAdi pravRttiyA~ baMdha rahita ekAMta nirjarA rUpa hotI haiN| bhagavatI sUtra ke pahale zataka meM eka praznAvalI ke mAdhyama se yaha samajhAyA gayA hai ki jIva AtmAraMbhI, parAraMbhI, tadubhayAraMbhI aura anArabhI hai| saMsAra ke sabhI jIva yAnI caubIsa hI daMDakoM meM jIva AtmAraMbhI, parAraMbhI, tadubhayAraMbhI aura anAraMbhI yoM cAroM prakAra ke hote haiN| isa viSaya ko spaSTa karate huye bhagavatI sUtra zataka 1 uddezaka 1 sUtra 16 meM isa prakAra kahA hai jIvA duvihA paNNattA, taMjahA-saMsArasamAvannagA ya asaMsArasamAvannagA ya, tattha NaM je te asaMsArasamAvannagA te NaM siddhA, siddhA NaM no AyAraMbhA jAva aNArambhA, tattha NaM je te saMsArasamAvannagA te davihA paNNattA, taMjahA-saMjayA ya asaMjayA ya, tattha NaM je te saMjayA duvihA paNNattA, taMjahA-pamattasaMjayA ya apamattasaMjayA ya, tattha NaM je te apamattasaMjayA te NaM no AyAraMbhA no parAraMbhA jAva aNAraMbhA tattha NaM je te pamattasaMjayA te suhajogaM paDucca no AyAraMbhA no parAraMbhA jAva aNAraMbhA, asubhaM jogaM paDucca AyAraMbhA vi jAva no aNAraMbhA, tattha NaM je te asaMjayA te aviratiM paDucca AyAraMbhAvi jAva no annaarNbhaa| gautama! jIva do prakAra ke haiM-siddha aura sNsaarii| inameM jo siddha jIva haiM ve na AtmAraMbhI haiM, na parAraMbhI haiM aura na tadubhayAraMbhI haiM, paraMtu anAraMbhI haiN| saMsArI jIva do prakAra ke haiM-saMyamI va asNymii| inameM saMyamI do prakAra ke haiM-pramattasaMyamI aura aprmttsNymii| inameM jo apramattasaMyamI haiM-ve AtmAraMbhI nahIM haiM, parAraMbhI nahIM haiM, tadubhayAraMbhI nahIM haiM, kiMtu anAraMbhI haiN| para jo pramattasaMyamI haiM ve suhaM jogaM paDucca arthAt zubha yoga kI apekSA na AtmAraMbhI haiM, na parAraMbhI haiM, na tadubhayAraMbhI haiM, apitu anAraMbhI haiM aura asuhaM Page #169 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 120 ----- --- puNya-pApa tattva jogaM paDucca arthAt azubha yoga kI apekSA AtmAraMbhI bhI haiM, parAraMbhI bhI haiM aura tadubhayAraMbhI haiM, paraMtu anAraMbhI nahIM haiN| uparyukta sUtra meM zubhayoga kI apekSA pramattasaMyamI ko ekAMta anAraMbhI kahA hai| azubha pravRtti ko rokane vAlA hone se zubha yoga ko saMvara kahA hai| jainAgama uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM bhI kahA haisavvehiM bhUehiM dayANukaMpI khaMtikkhame sNjybNbhyaarii| sAvajjajogaM parivajjayaMto, carijja bhikkhU susmaahiiNdie|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 21, gAthA 13 arthAt "indriyoM ko saMyama meM rakhane vAlA bhikSu sabhI prANiyoM ke prati dayAlu va anukaMpAzIla rahe, kSamAvAna, saMyamI va brahmacArI ho tathA pApa pravRttiyoM kA tyAga karatA huA vicaraNa kre|" isa gAthA meM sAdhu ke lie sarva jIvoM ke prati dayAlu va anukaMpAzIla rahane kA spaSTa vidhAna hai| yahA~ dayA aura anukaMpA ko bhI saMyama, brahmacarya, kSamA, sAvadyayoga-tyAga ke samAna hI sthAna va mahattva diyA gayA hai arthAt saMvara va nirjarA rUpa dharma kahA hai| prasiddha digabaMrAcArya zrI vIrasenasvAmI ne kaSAyapAhuDa kI jayadhavalA TIkA meM kahA hai -suhasuddhapariNAmehiM kammakkhayAbhAve tkkhyaannuvvttiido| -jayadhavalA pustaka 1, pRSTha 15 / arthAt yadi zubha aura zuddha pariNAmoM se karmoM kA kSaya na mAnA jAya to phira karmoM kA kSaya ho hI nahIM sktaa| yahA~ AcArya ne zuddhabhAva ke samAna zubha bhAva se bhI karmakSaya hote haiM, spaSTa kahA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki zubhabhAva karmabaMdha ke kAraNa nahIM haiM, karmakSaya ke kAraNa haiN| Page #170 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma ----- ---------- 121 ahiMsA ke do rUpa haiM-1. bhAvAtmaka aura 2. kriyAtmaka (dravyAtmaka) arthAt AbhyaMtarika evaM baahy| ahiMsA kA bhAvAtmaka rUpa sva-para sarva hitakArI hotA hai, usameM lezamAtra bhI kisI bhI prANI ke ahita kI bhAvanA, durbhAvanA nahIM hotI hai| bhAvAtmaka rUpa viSayAsakti yA rAga ghaTAne vAlA hotA hai| yaha bAta dUsarI hai ki vItarAga ke atirikta anya prANiyoM ke bhAva meM sadaiva viSaya-kaSAya, rAga-dveSa, moha rahatA hI hai, ata: inakA udaya apanA prabhAva dikhAtA hai| paraMtu dayA, rakSA, anukaMpA Adi ahiMsA ke bhAva meM maitrI bhAva, bhrAtRtvabhAva (baMdhutva) mAtRtva bhAva (vAtsalya) rUpa hitakArI bhAva (prema) umar3ane se usake aMta:karaNa meM vidyamAna udayamAna rAga, dveSa, moha bhAva (jar3atA) usI prakAra pighalatA hai, dravita hotA hai, jaise barpha pighalakara jala va bhApa banatI hai| ata: dayA, dAna, Adi pravRttiyA~ ahiMsaka ke lie rAga-dveSa-moha ghaTAne vAlI hone se kalyANakArI haiN| _Azaya yaha hai ki dayA, dAna, Adi ahiMsAtmaka sadpravRttiyA~ rAga, dveSa, moha ko ghaTAne vAlI hone se AtmA ko vizuddha karane vAlI, pavitra karane vAlI hotI haiN| ata: tyAjya nahIM haiN| tyAjya haiM inake sAtha rahe huye rAga, dveSa Adi bhaav| jinakA tyAganA sAdhaka ke apane puruSArtha para nirbhara hai| ye rAga, dveSa Adi doSa apramatta saMyata jaise utkRSTa sAdhaka ke saMvara, saMyama va tapa meM bhI hote haiN| isIliye usake bhI pApa kA nyUnAdhika rUpa meM sadaiva baMdha hotA rahatA hai, paraMtu isase saMyama yA tapa tyAjya nahIM ho jAte haiN| isI prakAra ahiMsA bhI tyAjya nahIM hai cAhe vaha sakArAtmaka ho yA nissedhaatmk| yaha tathya dharma ke ahiMsA, saMyama aura tapa ina tInoM rUpoM para samAna rUpa se lAgU hotA hai| ata: jaise saMyama aura tapa ke sAtha rAga, dveSa Adi doSa rahate huye bhI saMyama aura tapa ko burA yA tyAjya nahIM mAnA jA Page #171 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 122 puNya-pApa tattva sakatA usI prakAra dayA, dAna Adi sakArAtmaka ahiMsA ko burA nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| inheM burA yA tyAjya samajhanA na nyAyayukta hai, na yuktiyukta hai, na Agama sammata hai, na vyavahAra saMgata hai, pratyuta bhayaMkara bhUla hai| yaha bhUla sarvasva nAza karane vAlI hai| isa bhUla ke rahate hue sAdhaka eka kadama bhI sAdhanA patha meM Age nahIM bar3ha sakatA, kAraNa ki jahA~ mAnavatA hI nahIM hai vahA~ dharma yA sAdhanA kaise saMbhava ho sakatI hai ? yaha sadaiva smaraNa rahanA cAhiye ki jisa kriyA se rAga-dveSa, moha Adi doSa bar3he vaha saMkleza hai, moha hai, pApa hai| usakA puNya va dharma meM koI sthAna nahIM hai| puNya va dharma se rAga, dveSa-moha Adi doSa ghaTate hI haiN| bhAvoM meM vizuddhi AtI hI hai| paraMtu rAga-dveSa-moha kA udaya rahate huye jaise saMyama aura tapa tyAjya yA bure nahIM hote haiM, vaise hI sadpravRttiyA~ bhI tyAjya nahIM hai| kAraNa ki usase viSayAsakti ghaTatI hI hai, bar3hatI nahIM hai| dayA, dAna Adi sadguNoM ke bhAvAtmaka rUpa kA saMbaMdha Atma-bhAva se, AtmA se hai, sva se hai, avinAzI tattva se hai| ata: usakA phala AMtarika zAMti, mukti, prasannatA, amaratva Adi bhUtiyoM ke rUpa meM milatA hai| paraMtu ina sadguNoM ke kriyAtmaka rUpa ke lie bhautika (paudgalika) padArthoM kA Azraya lenA hotA hai| ata: isakA phala zarIra, mana, vANI va anya bhautika sAmagrI kI upalabdhi ke rUpa meM bhI milatA hai| jisake kAraNa-kArya kA mUla saMbaMdha isa prakAra hai-sadguNoM ke bhAvAtmaka rUpa se AtmA ke rAga-dveSa Adi vikAra ghaTate haiM, jisase AtmA kI vizuddhi yA pavitratA bar3hatI hai| AtmA kI pavitratA yA vizuddhi kI vRddhi se AtmA kA vikAsa hotA hai| AtmA ke vikAsa se hI AtmA ke jJAna-darzana guNoM kA vikAsa hotA hai| darzana guNa ke vikAsa se jJAna va cinmayatA (sva-saMvedana) Page #172 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -----123 ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma ------ zakti kA vikAsa hotA hai| phalata: karma-siddhAMta yA naisargika niyamAnusAra tadanurUpa dravyendriyoM kA arthAt indriya, mana, buddhi rUpa jJAna-darzana kI abhivyakti ke sAdhanoM kA vikAsa hotA hai arthAt ye vikasita rUpa meM prApta hote haiM tathA sadpravRttiyoM se jina prANiyoM va vyaktiyoM kA hita huA hai unase Adara-satkAra, sammAna va bhautika sAmagrI bheMTa rUpa meM milatI hai| isa prakAra kriyAtmaka rUpa kA saMbaMdha bhautika jagat se hone se usakA phala bhI bhautika saMpattiyoM yA vibhUtiyoM ke rUpa meM milatA hai| ye bhautika vibhUtiyA~ yA upalabdhiyA~ sAdhana-sAmagrI haiN| yaha sAdhana sAmagrI na bhalI hai aura na burI hai| isIlie karma-siddhAMta meM inakI upalabdhi ko aghAtI karma kA phala kahA hai| aghAtI kA artha hai caitanya guNa kA kisI bhI aMza meM ghAta karane meM kAraNabhUta nahIM honA hai| isa sAdhana-sAmagrI kA sadupayoga prANI ke lie kalyANakArI evaM maMgalakArI hotA hai aura durupayoga patanakArI va amaMgalakArI (du:kha rUpa) hotA hai| ___ upalabdha bhautika sAmagrI kA sadupayoga hai-sarva hitakArI pravRtti krnaa| isase rAga yA sukhAsakti ghaTatI hai aura AtmA kA kalyANa hotA hai, ahita lezamAtra bhI nahIM hotA hai| upalabdha bhautika sAmagrI kA durupayoga hai usake dvArA viSaya bhoga bhoganA, hiMsA, corI Adi pApa krnaa| viSayabhoga se AtmA meM jar3atA, parAdhInatA, asamarthatA, AkulatA, vyAkulatA Adi doSoM va du:khoM kI utpatti hotI hai, jo aniSTa rUpa hai aura hiMsA, lUTapATa, saMgraha Adi pApa yuddha, saMgharSa, kalaha, azAMti, bhaya, aMgabhaMga, mRtyu Adi du:khoM ke hetu hote haiN| isa prakAra prApta sAdhana-sAmagrI kA durupayoga patanakArI, amaMgalakArI va akalyANakArI hotA hai| ata: upalabdha bhautika sAdhana-sAmagrI prANI ko apane sukha-bhoga ke lie nahIM, varan vizva hita Page #173 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -- puNya-pApa tattva 124 ke lie milI hai| usase sukha bhoganA, viSaya-kaSAya kA sevana karanA apanA aura jagat kA ahita karanA hai, jisakA sAdhaka ke jIvana meM koI sthAna hI nahIM hai| upalabdha bhautika sAmagrI sampatti, deha, indriya, mana, buddhi Adi kA sadupayoga hI dayA, dAna Adi kA kriyAtmaka rUpa hai| yaha AtmA ko pavitra karane vAlA hone se ise puNya bhI kahA jAtA hai| jisakA phala tana, mana, indriya Adi bhautika upalabdhiyoM ke rUpa meM milatA hai| inakA upayoga sAdhaka apane bhogopabhoga ke lie nahIM karatA hai| sAdhaka inakA upayoga apane sukha-bhoga ke lie na kara apanI sAmarthya anusAra deha, parivAra, parijana, samAja, rASTra evaM vizva ke hita ke lie arthAt para-hita meM sevA rUpa meM karatA hai| sAdhaka inakA upayoga (sadupayoga) karatA hai, upabhoga nhiiN| ahitakara inakA durupayoga hai, bhoga hai, prApta sAmagrI nahIM, isIlie inheM aghAtI kahA hai| prApta sAmagrI kA sadupayoga puNya hai aura durupayoga pApa hai| puNya se AtmA kA kisI bhI prakAra kA ahita nahIM hotA hai| vItarAga ananta puNyAtmA va dharmAtmA hote haiM, kyoMki ve anantadAnI hote haiN| yadi 'dAna' denA burA hotA to vItarAga hone para anaMtadAna kI upalabdhi kadApi nahIM hotI aura use kSAyikalabdhi nahIM kahA jaataa| ananta puNyAtmA vItarAga ke lie bhautika sAmagrI zarIra Adi kA honA yA na honA samAna hI hai| vaha sadaiva isase asaMga hotA hai, ata: puNya ke phalasvarUpa milI bhautika sAmagrI usake lie baMdhana rUpa nahIM hai| vaha bhautika upalabdhiyoM se nirmita zarIra, paristhitiyoM va ghaTanAoM kA jJAtA-draSTA hotA hai, kartA-bhoktA nahIM, ata: baMdhana-mukta hotA hai| usake lie aghAtI karma jalI huI rassI yA bhune hue cane ke samAna niHsattva-niSprANa hote haiM, jo vItarAga kA ahita karane meM lezamAtra bhI samartha nahIM haiN| ata: puNya burA hai, saMsAra meM Page #174 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ahiMsA, puNya aura dharma 125 rulAtA hai, jIva ko bA~dhakara rakhatA hai, ahitakara hai, heya hai Adi dhAraNA nirAdhAra va nirmUla hai| vastuta: puNya mukti kA sahayogI hai jo mukti prApti para svata: chUTa jAtA hai| ise tyAgane kI jIvana meM, sAdhanA ke kSetra meM Adi se aMta taka kahIM bhI AvazyakatA nahIM par3atI hai / paraMtu sadguNoM kA yaha kriyAtmaka rUpa 'puNya' sAdhana hai sAdhya nahIM, ise sadaiva dhyAna meM rakhanA caahiye| puNya pravRtti ko sAdhya mAna lenA sAdhana ko sAdhya mAna lenA hai jo bhUla hai, isa bhUla se bacane ke prati sAdhaka ko sadaiva sajaga rahanA caahie| pravRtti jIvana nahIM hai| jIvana hai-usameM rahA huA tyAga rUpa bhaav| ise kabhI nahIM bhUlanA caahie| abhiprAya yaha hai ki mAnava mAtra meM AMzika rUpa meM AtmA ke anukaMpA, kSamA, saralatA Adi svAbhAvika guNa vidyamAna haiM aura inameM inakA kriyAtmaka rUpa dayA, dAna Adi nyUnAdhika sadpravRttiyA~ dekhI jAtI haiN| isI tathya kI puSTi karate hue AcArya zrI javAharalAlajI ma.sA. ne uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 29veM adhyayana 'samyaktva parAkrama' ke tIsare bola dharmazraddhA ke vivecana meM pharamAyA hai ki - "koI bhI jIva aisA nahIM hai jo dharma rahita ho| jIvana meM dharma kA atyaMta mahattvapUrNa sthAna hai, yahA~ taka ki dharma ke binA jIvana vyavahAra bhI nahIM cala sktaa| jo loga dharma kI AvazyakatA svIkAra nahIM karate unheM bhI jIvana meM dharma kA Azraya lenA par3atA hai, kyoMki dharma kA Azraya lie binA jIvana vyavahAra nibha hI nahIM sakatA hai| udAharaNArtha pA~ca aura pA~ca dasa hote haiM, yaha satya hai aura satya dharma hai| ise svIkAra karanA hogA / " Page #175 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (12) puNya-pApa kA pariNAma karma ke baMdha va kSaya kA AdhAra jIva ke pariNAma haiN| kahA bhI haipariNAmAdo baMdho mokkho| -bhAvapAhuDa 116, baMdhapamokkho ajjh'tthev| -acArAMga 195 / pariNAma do prakAra ke hote haiM-azubha aura shubh| azubha pariNAmoM ko pApa aura zubha pariNAmoM ko puNya kahA jAtA hai| jisa prakAra eka ghar3A oMdhA rakha dene para usa para jitane bhI ghar3e rakhe jAyeMge ve saba oMdhe hI rakhe jaayeNge| usI prakAra pApa rUpa saMkleza pariNAma se Asrava, baMdha, udaya, utkarSaNa, saMkramaNa Adi karaNa hote haiN| ve pApAtmaka hI hote haiM aura jisa prakAra eka ghar3A (maTakA) sIdhA rakha dene para usake Upara jitane bhI ghar3e rakhe jAyeMge ve saba sIdhe hI rakhe jAyeMge usI prakAra puNya rUpa vizuddhi pariNAma meM Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, mokSa tathA baMdha, udaya, sattA, apakarSaNa, saMkramaNa Adi karaNa puNyAtmaka hI hote haiN| vizuddhibhAva se arthAt puNyAtmaka pariNAma evaM pravRtti se navIna puNya ke Asrava meM vRddhi to hotI hI hai, sAtha hI aneka anya bAteM bhI hotI haiM, yathA-1. puNya tathA pApa karma prakRtiyoM kI sthiti kA apavartana hotA hai| 2. pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva kA apakarSaNa hotA hai| 3. puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva (anubhAga) kA utkarSaNa hotA hai| 4. pUrvabaddha pApa prakRtiyoM Page #176 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ----- 127 puNya-pApa kA pariNAma --- kA puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai| 5. pApa ke Asrava meM kamI hone rUpa pApAsrava kA nirodha arthAt saMvara hotA hai| 6. karma prakRtiyoM kI sthiti kA kSaya hone se karmoM kA kSaya arthAt nirjarA hotI hai| 7. Atma-vizuddhi meM svabhAva kI abhivyakti rUpa mukti hotI hai| isa prakAra zubha bhAva rUpa puNya tattva karma-kSaya va mukti kA hetu hai| isake viparIta saMkleza bhAva se arthAt pApAtmaka pariNAma va pravRtti se navIna pApa karmoM ke Asrava meM vRddhi hotI hai tathA anya bAteM bhI hotI haiN| yathA-1. puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti kA udvartana hotA hai| 2. pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva kA utkarSaNa hotA hai| 3. puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva kA apakarSaNa hotA hai| 4. pUrva baddha puNya prakRtiyoM kA pApa prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai| 5. pApAsrava meM vRddhi hotI hai| 6. karmoM ke sthitibaMdha meM vRddhi hone se saMsAra bhramaNa bar3hatA hai| 7. kaSAya yA vibhAva kI vRddhi hotI hai| uparyukta tathyoM para vicAra karane para puNya aura pApa ina donoM meM saiddhAMtika dRSTi se AkAza-pAtAla kA aMtara hai| 'pApa' karma baMdha kA kAraNa hai aura 'puNya' karma kSaya va mokSa kA hetu hai| isakA pramukha kAraNa yaha hai ki saMkleza bhAva rUpa pApa se pApa tathA puNya donoM karmoM kI (tIna zubha Ayu karma kI prakRtiyoM ko chor3akara) prakRtiyoM meM sthiti-baMdha kA udvartana arthAt vRddhi hotI hai| jisase saMsAra kI vRddhi hotI hai jabaki vizuddhi bhAva rUpa puNya se pApa tathA puNya donoM karmoM ke sthiti-baMdha kA apavartana (kamIkSaya) hotA hai jisase saMsAra bhramaNa meM kamI hotI hai| yaha kamI mithyAdRSTi evaM samyagdRSTi donoM ke hI hotI hai, paraMtu mithyAdRSTi kI apekSA samyagdRSTi ke yaha kamI asaMkhya guNI adhika hotI hai| yahA~ yaha bAta vizeSa dhyAna dene kI hai ki puNya ke dvArA pApa karmoM Page #177 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 128 puNya-pApa tattva kA sthiti baMdha to kSINa (kSaya) hotA hI hai, kiMtu svayaM puNya kA sthiti baMdha bhI kSINa (kSaya-nAza) hotA hai jisase saMsAra ghaTatA hai| yoM kaheM ki puNya ke anubhAga kI vRddhi apane hI sthiti baMdha ko kSaya karane vAlI hotI hai, jabaki pApa sadA puNya aura pApa donoM ke sthiti baMdha kA udvartana ( vRddhi) karane meM, pApa ko paripuSTa karane meM, saMsAra bar3hAne meM sahAyaka hotA hai| 'puNya' pApa karmoM kA avarodha, nirodha va kSaya karane vAlA evaM svayaM apanA anubhAga bar3hAne vAlA hotA hai| puNya kA phala dvimukhI hotA hai - 1. pariNAmoM kI vizuddhi aura 2. sthitibaMdha kA kssy| isa prakAra eka ora to kaSAya meM kamI hotI jAtI hai, pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi uttarottara bar3hatI jAtI hai, rAga-dveSa kSINa hote jAte haiM, samatA bar3hatI jAtI hai, jisase karma kSaya hote jAte haiM, vItarAgatA tathA mukti kI ora pragati hotI jAtI hai tathA dUsarI ora sthiti baMdha kA kSaya hone se saMsAra vAsa meM adhikAdhika kamI hotI jAtI hai tathA saMsAra kA kinArA nikaTa AtA jAtA hai| isa prakAra puNya kI vRddhi ko paraMparA se mokSa kA hetu kahA jAtA hai| pApa pravRtti sadaiva sakAma hI hotI hai| niSkAma nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki pApa ke sAtha bhogoM kI kAmanA lagI rahatI hai, paraMtu puNya pravRtti do prakAra kI hotI hai-sakAma aura nisskaam| jisa zubha pravRtti ke sAtha sAMsArika phala-prApti kI kAmanA hotI hai vaha sakAma puNya hai| phala kI kAmanA se sthiti baMdha hotA hai jo saMsAra bar3hAne vAlI hotI hai| kAmanA kaSAya hai, pApa hai, ata: puNya ke sAtha rahI huI phala kI kAmanA heya, tyAjya hai, jaise-gehU~ ke sAtha rahe hue kaMkara tyAjya haiM gehU~ nahIM, nAriyala ke sAtha lagI huI jaTA tyAjya hai girI nahIM, isI prakAra puNya ke phala kI kAmanA Page #178 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa kA pariNAma tyAjya hai, puNya nhiiN| yahI kAraNa hai ki puNya ke sAtha lagI huI kAmanA meM jitanI kamI AtI jAtI hai arthAt jitanI niSkAmatA bar3hatI jAtI hai utanA hI puNya kA anubhAga bar3hatA jAtA hai aura pApa kA anubhAga va sthiti ghaTate jAte haiM, pApa kA saMkramaNa puNya meM hotA jAtA hai| sthiti baMdha kA va pApa kA kSaya honA mukti prApti kA hetu hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki puNya kA sthiti baMdha kAmanA se, kaSAya se, sakAmatA se hotA hai aura puNya ke anubhAga kA sarjana niSkAmatA se hotA hai aura puNya ke anubhAga kA sarjana niSkAmatA se hotA hai| isIlie puNya-pApa kA AdhAra inake anubhAva ko mAnA gayA hai, sthiti ko nhiiN| phala kI hI pradhAnatA hotI hai| ataH puNyapApa kA grahaNa phala ke AdhAra para hI kiyA jAtA hai pradeza va sthiti baMdha ke AdhAra para nhiiN| 129 pahale kaha Ae haiM ki karma kA phala unake anubhAva se milatA hai aura karma siddhAMta meM anubhAva kI nyUnAdhikatA kA mApana unake spardhakoM se hotA hai| spardhakoM kI cAra zreNiyA~ hotI haiM- ekasthAnika, dvisthAnika, tristhAnika aura catu:sthAnika / ye zreNiyA~ kramazaH adhika se adhika anubhAga ka sUcaka haiN| pApa karmoM ke anubhAva kI vRddhi azubha bhAva se tathA puNya ke anubhAva kI vRddhi zubha bhAva va zuddhabhAva se hotI hai| zubha va zuddha bhAva karma kSaya ke hetu hone se mokSa pradAyaka haiN| spardhaka tIna prakAra ke hote haiM - 1. sarvaghAtI, 2. dezaghAtI, 3. aghaatii| inameM se sarvaghAtI spardhaka AtmA ke guNa kA pUrNa ghAta karane vAle hote haiM, ata: inake udaya se Atma- guNa bilkula prakaTa nahIM hotA hai| dezaghAtI spardhaka kA udaya AtmA ke guNa ko AMzika ghAta karatA hai arthAt inake udaya meM AtmA kA guNa AMzika rUpa meM prakaTa hotA hai / ghAtI karma Page #179 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 130--- --- puNya-pApa tattva AtmA ke guNa kA ghAta karane vAle hone se inakI samasta prakRtiyA~ pApa rUpa hI hotI haiM, inakI eka bhI prakRti puNya rUpa nahIM hotI hai tathA ye AtmA ke lie ahitakara hI hote haiN| aghAtI karmoM kI prakRtiyA~ puNya aura pApa donoM prakAra kI hotI haiN| paraMtu ina donoM prakAra kI prakRtiyoM ke spardhaka na sarvaghAtI hote haiM aura na dezaghAtI hote haiN| ata: inake udaya se jIva ke koI bhI guNa prakaTa nahIM hotA hai| vItarAga kevalajJAnI ke upaghAta-parAghAta Adi pApa-puNya prakRtiyoM kA udaya sadaiva rahatA hai, paraMtu inake udaya se na to unake kisI guNa kI hAni hotI hai aura na inake kSaya se kisI guNa kI upalabdhi hI hotI hai| ___ aghAtI karmoM ke spardhaka ghAtI nahIM hone se ina spardhakoM ke nyUnAdhika udaya va kSaya hone se kSAyika, aupazamika evaM kSAyopazamika bhAva nahIM hote haiN| ye tInoM bhAva hI karma kSaya meM hetu hote haiN| ye tInoM bhAva ghAtI karmoM ke kSaya, upazama va kSayopazama se hote haiM yathA-ghAtI karmoM ke sarvaghAtI spardhakoM ke udaya ke abhAva rUpa kSaya va inhIM spardhakoM ke sattA meM upazama hone se kSayopazama bhAva hote haiN| ghAtI karmoM kI prakRtiyoM ke dezaghAtI evaM sarvaghAtI spardhakoM ke pUrNa rUpa se upazama hone se aupazamika bhAva evaM sampUrNa rUpa se kSaya hone se kSAyika bhAva hote haiN| inhIM tInoM bhAvoM se pApakarmoM ke sthiti va anubhAga kA ghAta hotA hai, jo mukti meM hetu hai| yaha niyama hai ki jaba pApa ke anubhAva kA ghAta va kSaya hotA hai to puNya ke anubhAva meM vRddhi hotI hai| 000 Page #180 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (13)] baMdha kA mukhya kAraNa kaSAya hai, yoga nahIM jaina-darzana meM yoga aura kaSAya ye do karma-baMdha ke kAraNa kahe gaye haiN| yoga se karmoM kA prakRti aura pradeza baMdha hotA hai tathA kaSAya se sthiti aura anubhAga baMdha hotA hai, aisA kahA gayA hai, so yathArtha hI hai| kAraNa ki yogoM kI pravRtti se karmoM kI racanA (sarjana) aura kaSAya se karmoM kA baMdha hotA hai| karma siddhAMta kA yaha niyama hai ki pravRtti ke binA karmoM yA dalikoM kA arjana nahIM ho sakatA aura karmoM kA arjana hI nahIM ho to baMdha kisakA hogaa| ata: yogoM ke abhAva meM baMdha kA abhAva hogaa| isa prakAra karma-baMdha kI maulika sAmagrI kA nirmANa yogoM se hotA hai paraMtu karma dalikoM (pradezoM) kA arjana honA aura usakA baMdha honA ye donoM eka bAta nahIM hai| vItarAga kevalI ke yogoM kI pravRtti hai, ata: karma-dalikoM kA arjana to hotA hI rahatA hai, paraMtu karma-baMdha nahIM hotA hai| vizva meM karma-vargaNA sarvatra vidyamAna hai aura AtmAe~ bhI sarvatra vidyamAna haiM arthAt jahA~ karma-vargaNA vidyamAna hai vahA~ AtmA bhI vidyamAna hai, phira bhI una karma-vargaNAoM kA AtmA ke sAtha baMdha nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki unakA AtmA ke sAtha saMbaMdha sthApita nahIM huA hai| karmoM kA AtmA Page #181 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 132 ---- --- puNya-pApa tattva ke sAtha sthApita yA sthita honA hI karma-baMdha hai aura ye karma jitane kAla taka sthita raheMge vaha hI sthiti baMdha kA ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai aura sthiti baMdha hotA hai kaSAya se| isa dRSTi se karma-baMdha kA pradhAna kAraNa kaSAya hai| ___"goyamA! cauhiM ThANehiM aTTha kamma payaDio baMdhasu, baMdhati, baMdhissati taMjahA-koheNaM, mANeNaM mAyAe, lobhennN| daM. 1-24 evaM neraiyA jAva vemaanniyaa|" ___-pannavaNA pada 14, dravyAnuyoga pRSTha 1093 he gautama! jIvoM ne cAra kAraNoM se ATha karma prakRtiyoM kA baMdha kiyA hai, karate haiM aura kareMge, yathA krodha se, mAna se, mAyA se aura lobha se| isI prakAra nairayikoM se lekara vaimAnikoM taka 24 daNDakoM meM jAnanA caahiye| vastutaH kaSAya hI baMdha kA kAraNa hai, yoga nhiiN| yoga se kevala karmoM ke dalikoM (pradezoM) kA arjana hotA hai, baMdha nhiiN| kyoMki jina karmoM kA sthiti baMdha nahIM hotA unakA na prakRti baMdha hotA hai, na pradeza-baMdha aura na anubhAga bNdh| ye tInoM prakAra ke baMdha sthiti baMdha hone para hI saMbhava haiN| yaha niyama hai ki karma jitane kAla taka AtmA meM sthita rahate haiM taba taka hI AtmA karmoM se baMdhI rahatI hai yA karma AtmA se ba~dhe rahate haiN| karmoM kA AtmA ke sAtha ba~dhe rahanA hI sthiti baMdha hai| karmoM kA AtmA meM sthita na rahanA, AtmA se alaga haTanA hI karma kA miTanA hai-karma kA kSaya hai| ata: karma kA baMdha va kSaya karma kI sthiti ke baMdha aura kSaya para nirbhara karatA hai| jaisA ki vIrasenAcArya ne jayadhavalA TIkA meM likhA hai puvvasaMciyassa kammassa kudo khao? dvidikkhyaado|| TThidikkhayo kudo? ksaaykkhyaado| uttaM cakammaM jo aNimittaM bajjhaI kammATThidI ksaayvsaa| tANamabhAve baMdhaTThidINabhAvA saDai sNtN|| -kasAyApAhuDa, prathama pustaka, pRSTha 57 Page #182 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ----133 baMdha kA mukhya kAraNa kaSAya hai, yoga nahIM ------ zaMkA-pUrvasaMcita karma kA kSaya kisa kAraNa se hotA hai? samAdhAna-karma kI sthiti kA kSaya ho jAne se usa karma kA kSaya hotA hai| zakA-sthiti kA viccheda kisa kAraNa se hotA hai? samAdhAna-kaSAya ke kSaya hone se sthiti kA viccheda (ghAta) hotA hai arthAt navIna karmoM meM sthiti nahIM par3atI hai aura karmoM kI purAtana sthiti kA viccheda (ghAta) ho jAtA hai| kahA bhI hai yoga ke nimitta se karmoM kA Asrava (arjana) hotA hai aura kaSAya ke nimitta se karmoM meM sthiti par3atI hai| isalie yoga aura kaSAya kA abhAva ho jAne para baMdha aura sthiti kA abhAva ho jAtA hai aura usase sattA meM vidyamAna karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai| jaisA ki AcArya zrI vIrasena svAmI ne kahA hai jai vi evamuvadisaMti titthayarA tovi Na tesiM kammabaMdho atthi| tattha micchattAsaMjamakasAyapaccayAbhAveNa veyaNIyavajjAsesakammANaM bNdhaabhaavdo| veyaNIyassa vi Na dvidiaNubhAgabaMdhA atthi, tattha ksaaypccyaabhaavaado| jogo atthi ti Na tattha payaDipadesabaMdhANamatthittaM vottuM sakkijjade? TThidi-baMdheNa viNA udayasarUveNa AgacchamANANaM padesANamuvayAreNa bNdhvvesuvdesaado| Na ca jiNesu desa-sayaladhammovadeseNa ajjiyakammasaMciovi atthi udayasarUvakammAgamAdoasaMkhejjaguNAe seDhIe puvvasaMciyakammaNijjaraM paDisamayaM kareMtesu kmm-sNcyaannuvvtiido| -kasAyapAhuDa, prathama pustaka, pR. 92-93 arthAt yadyapi tIrthaGkara zrAvakoM aura muniyoM ko upadeza dete haiM to bhI unake karmabaMdha nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki jinadeva ke terahaveM guNasthAna meM karma-baMdha ke kAraNabhUta mithyAtva, asaMyama aura kaSAya kA abhAva ho jAne Page #183 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 134 ---- --- puNya-pApa tattva se vedanIya karma ko chor3akara zeSa samasta karmoM kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| vedanIya karma kA baMdha hotA huA bhI usameM sthiti baMdha aura anubhAga baMdha nahIM hotA hai, kyoMki vahA~ para sthiti baMdha aura anubhAga baMdha ke kAraNabhUta kaSAya kA abhAva hai| yadyapi vahA~ para 13veM guNasthAna meM yoga hai, phira bhI prakRti baMdha tathA pradezabaMdha ke astitva kA kathana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA hai, kyoMki sthiti baMdha ke binA udaya rUpa se Ane vAle niSekoM meM upacAra se baMdha ke vyavahAra kA kathana kiyA hai| jinadeva dezavratI zrAvakoM aura sakalavratI muniyoM ko dharma kA upadeza karate haiM, isalie unake arjita karmoM kA saMcaya banA rahatA hai so bhI bAta nahIM hai, kyoMki unake jina navIna karmoM kA arjana hotA hai ve udaya rUpa hI haiM unase bhI asaMkhyAta guNI zreNI rUpa se ve pratisamaya pUrva saMcita karmoM kI nirjarA karate haiN| isalie unake karmoM kA saMcaya nahIM bana sakatA hai| vIrasenAcArya ke uparyukta kathana se yaha pariNAma nikalatA hai ki kaSAya ke udaya, kSaya va kSayopazama se kramaza: karma kA baMdha, kSaya va kSayopazama hotA hai| karmasiddhAMta meM kaSAya kI kamI ko vizuddhi va kaSAya kI vRddhi ko saMkleza kahA hai| sAtha hI vizuddhi se karma kI sthiti kA ghAta batAyA hai jo karma ke apavartana yA nirjarA kA dyotaka hai tathA saMkleza se karma kI sthiti vRddhi kahI hai jo karma-baMdha ke udvartana kA dyotaka hai, jaisAki tattvArthasUtra adhyayana 10 kI TIkA meM AcArya akalaMka va pUjyapAda ne kahA hai ki vizuddhi se prIti kA udaya, upekSAbhAva kI jAgRti tathA ajJAna kA nAza hotA hai| ye tInoM hI mukti meM sahAyaka haiM arthAt vizuddhi rUpa zubhabhAva mukti-prApti meM hetu hai| karma-siddhAMta kA yaha niyama hai ki kaSAya kI vRddhi se pUrva saMcita Page #184 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -----135 baMdha kA mukhya kAraNa kaSAya hai, yoga nahIM ------ samasta pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai tathA kaSAya kI kamI se sthiti va anubhAga meM kamI hotI hai| niSkarSa yaha hai ki karmoM kA baMdha, sattA, udvartana (vRddhi), apavartana (kamI), kSaya Adi karmoM kI samasta sthitiyA~ kaSAya para hI nirbhara karatI haiN| kahA bhI hai-"kaSAyamuktiH kila muktireva' arthAt kaSAya mukti hI vAstavika mukti hai| puNya ke sthiti baMdha kA kAraNa : kaSAya aba yaha prazna uThatA hai ki puNya kA sthiti baMdha azubha kyoM hai? samAdhAna-jo vyakti yaha cAhatA hai ki merA prabhAva dUsaroM para par3e, mere saccaritra, karttavyaniSThA se anya jana prabhAvita hoM, dUsaroM para mere vyaktitva kI chApa par3e, mahattva bar3he aura Age bhI banA rahe, mere guNoM se loga prabhAvita hoM, mujhe sajjana, mahApuruSa samajheM, merI ginatI mahApuruSoM meM, siddha puruSoM meM ho, mere marane ke pazcAt bhI loga mujhe yAda kareM, merA satkAra ho, sammAna ho, loga mujhe pUjeM, sukha-suvidhA pahu~cAyeM Adi phala kI AzA rakhe tathA apane saralatA, kSamA, nirlobhatA, mRdutA Adi guNoM se apane mahattva kA aMkana kare to usakA aisA cAhanA yA karanA mAna kaSAya kA sUcaka hai| isase usake puNya va pApa prakRtiyoM kA sthiti baMdha bar3hatA hai tathA puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga ghaTatA hai| sadpravRttiyoM ke karane kA rAga, phala kI AzA tathA guNoM kA abhimAna bhayaMkara doSa hai| isa doSa ke rahate sAdhaka Age nahIM bar3ha sktaa| jaba sAdhaka apane meM apanI koI vizeSatA nahIM pAtA, taba guNoM kA abhimAna nahIM rahatA hai, guNa usakA sahaja svabhAva bana jAte haiN| phira guNoM kI upalabdhiyoM ke lie zrama yA anuSThAna nahIM karanA pdd'taa| vaha sahaja rUpa se Age bar3hatA hai| sabhI jIvoM ko guNa svabhAvata: svata: prApta haiM, ata: jaba Page #185 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 136 ---- --- puNya-pApa tattva taka sAdhaka guNoM ko apanI dena mAnatA hai taba taka usameM maiM karatA hU~, maiMne guNoM ko paidA kiyA hai, yaha ahaM bhAva va kartRtva bhAva banA rahatA hai| jahA~ kartRtva bhAva hai, ahaMbhAva hai vahA~ baMdha hai| aisI sAdhanA se doSa dabate haiM, doSoM kA damana hotA hai, paraMtu doSa miTate nahIM hai| kevala doSoM kA upazama hotA hai, udaya va kSaya nahIM hotaa| vaha upazama zreNI karatA hai, jisameM samasta doSa sattA meM jyoM ke tyoM vidyamAna rahate haiN| ve puna: ati alpakAla meM hI udaya meM Akara usakA patana kara dete haiN| kSapakazreNi vahI kara sakatA hai jo kartRtvabhAva, karttavya kA ahaMkAra, zrama yukta sAdhanA, anuSThAna yA anya kisI bhI prakAra kI pravRtti nahIM karatA hai, kisI bhI prakAra kA saMkalpa-vikalpa nahIM karatA hai, jo karma udaya ke rUpa meM prakaTa ho rahe haiM unase asaMga ho tAdAtmya tor3atA hai, unakA draSTA rahatA hai, una udIyamAna karmoM ke prati koI pratikriyA nahIM karatA hai, unheM acchA-burA nahIM samajhatA hai, ye karma kyoM udaya ho rahe haiM, aisA bhI nahIM vicAratA hai, vaha nirvikalpatA se milane vAlI AMzika zAMti ke rasa meM ramaNa nahIM karatA hai| anAzraya (parAzraya ke tyAga) se milI AMzika svAdhInatA ke rasa ko mahattva nahIM detA hai| usase saMtuSTa nahIM hotA hai| taba vaha indriyAtIta, dehAtIta, lokAtIta, bhavAtIta, guNAtIta hokara anaMta mAdhurya rUpa vItarAgatA kA anubhava karatA hai| aisA rasa-eka bAra cakhane para usameM phira parivartanazIla, kSaNika evaM AkulatA yukta viSaya-rasa kI kAmanA kabhI nahIM jagatI hai| indriya, deha, loka (saMsAra), guNa Adi inase sukha na lenA, inake sukha ko pasaMda na karanA hI inase atIta honA hai| jaba sAdhaka kI saralatA, vinamratA, sahajatA, svAbhAvikatA itanI bar3ha jAtI hai ki vaha jIvana kA aMga bana jAtI hai to sAdhaka guNoM se abhinna ho jAtA hai| phira guNa aura guNI kA, sAdhya aura sAdhaka kA, sAdhana aura siddhi kA Page #186 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ------137 baMdha kA mukhya kAraNa kaSAya hai, yoga nahIM ------ bheda va bhinnatA miTa jAtI hai| kyoMki cIja vahI dikhAI detI hai jo apane se bhinna ho| jo apane se abhinna hotI hai vaha dikhAI nahIM detI hai| ata: jaba taka sAdhaka ko apane meM guNa hone kA bhAsa hotA hai taba taka usameM aura guNoM meM ekatva va abhinnatA nahIM huI, aisA samajhanA caahie| tAtparya yaha hai ki puNya ke sAtha rahA huA kaSAyabhAva sthiti baMdha kA kAraNa hai| puNya kA bhI sthiti baMdha, kaSAya, pApa va vikAra kA sUcaka hai ata: azubha hai, paraMtu isase puNya azubha nahIM ho jAtA hai| udAharaNArtha zarIra ke sAtha lagA huA roga zarIra ke svAsthya ke lie ghAtaka hai, paraMtu roga ho jAne se zarIra burA nahIM ho jAtA hai, heya nahIM ho jAtA hai, burA yA heya roga hI hotA hai| isI prakAra puNya ke sAtha sthiti baMdha lagA hone se puNya heya nahIM ho jAtA hai kevala sthiti baMdha hI burA hai, anubhAga burA nahIM hai| Page #187 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (14) puNya kI abhivRddhi se pApa kA kSaya prANI jitanA-jitanA pApa se, burAI ke doSa se bacatA hai, pApa kA, doSa kA, burAI kA tyAga karatA jAtA hai utanI-utanI usakI AtmA vizuddha hotI jAtI hai| jitanI-jitanI AtmA kI vizuddhi bar3hatI jAtI hai utanA-utanA pApa kA kSaya hotA jAtA hai aura puNya kI abhivRddhi hotI jAtI hai| ata: sabase bar3A puNya hai burAI se bacanA arthAt apane rAga-dveSa, viSaya-kaSAya Adi doSoM kA, burAIyoM kA tyAga karanA tathA dUsaroM kA burA na cAhanA, burA na kahanA, burAI na krnaa| yaha niyama hai ki jo kucha bhI burA nahIM karatA hai usase jo kucha bhI hotA hai vaha bhalA hI hotA hai| bhalAI karanA hI puNya hai| bhalAI vahI kara sakatA hai jo burAI nahIM karatA hai| burAI nahIM karanA tathA bhalAI karanA ye donoM eka sikke ke do pahalU haiN| donoM eka-dUsare se jur3e hue haiN| inameM aMtara yaha hai ki burAI na karane meM to saba samartha evaM svAdhIna haiM, kyoMki usake lie kisI vastu, vyakti, paristhiti kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai, paraMtu kisI kA bhalA karane, hita karane ke lie vastu, zarIra Adi kI AvazyakatA hotI hai| ata: kriyAtmaka bhalAI va sevA sImita hI ho sakatI hai| koI bhI vyakti kitanA hI sampanna ho, vastue~ dekara sAre samAja kI garIbI nahIM miTA sakatA, cikitsAlaya kholakara saba rogiyoM kI cikitsA nahIM karavA sktaa| vidyAlaya kholakara sabako praveza nahIM de sktaa| dharmazAlAe~ banavAkara sabako sthAna nahIM de sktaa| kiMtu bhAvAtmaka bhalAI sabake prati ho sakatI hai| sabakA bhalA Page #188 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ------139 puNya kI abhivRddhi se pApa kA kSaya ---- ho, sabakA kalyANa ho, sabakA maMgala ho, yaha bhAvanA vaha mana se kara sakatA hai| bhAvAtmaka bhalAI karane meM saba samartha evaM svAdhIna haiN| kriyAtmaka bhalAI va puNya meM bhI mahattva bhAvanA kA hI hai| bhAvanA rahita kriyAtmaka sevA kA mUlya nahIM hotaa| kAraNa ki koI vyakti vastu, sampatti Adi kI sevA meM lagatA hai paraMtu usameM kartRtva bhAva rUpa karane kA rAga va phala kI Asakti hai, phala kI AzA hai to vaha sevA yA puNya ghaTiyA zreNI kA hai| isase puNya ke anubhAga meM kamI hogI aura sthiti baMdha adhika hogA, jo zubha nahIM hai| sadpravRtti se jo puNya kA upArjana hotA hai vaha bhI pApa ke kSaya va nivAraNa se hotA hai| kAraNa ki sadpravRtti duSpravRtti kA avarodha kara detI hai| duSpravRtti jitanI kama hotI jAtI hai, miTatI jAtI hai utanA hI navIna pApa kA upArjana rukatA jAtA hai tathA sattA meM sthita purAne ba~dhe pApa karmoM kI sthiti va anubhAga kA apavartana evaM puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA jAtA hai| yaha saba pApa ke kSaya ke hI rUpa haiN| Azaya yaha hai ki puNya kA abhivarddhana pApa ke kSaya kI avasthA meM hotA hai| ata: puNya kA upArjana evaM vRddhi pApa kSaya kI sUcaka hai| pUrvokta anna, jala, vastra Adi nava prakAra ke puNyoM meM se prathama pA~ca vastuoM se saMbaMdhita haiM jo prAya: sabhI gRhasthoM ke yahA~ pAI jAtI haiM, ata: inheM dekara puNyopArjana kiyA jA sakatA hai| agale cAra puNya anya para nirbhara na hokara svayaM ke tana, mana aura vacana se saMbaMdhita haiN| mana se sabhI kA bhalA ciMtana karanA, namratA kA vyavahAra karanA, vacana se madhura bolanA, zarIra se sevA-zuzrUSA karanA Adi meM sabhI samartha va svAdhIna haiN| ata: puNya karane meM koI parAdhIna va asamartha ho, so nahIM hai| yaha niyama hai ki pApa na karane se bhI puNya kA upArjana svata: hotA hai, puNya meM vRddhi hotI hai| jaise kisI kA burA na cAhane, burA na socane, Page #189 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 140 --- ----- puNya-pApa tattva burA na karane, burA na mAnane, burAI na sunane se pApa rukatA hai-pApa kA saMvara hotA hai| phira usase jo bhI pravRtti hotI hai vaha bhalI hI hotI hai, bhalAI kI hI hotI hai| yaha bhI niyama hai ki jitanI hiMsA, jhUTha, rAga-dveSa Adi pApa kriyA rukI hai, ghaTatI hai, utanI hI AtmA meM vizuddhi hotI hai aura AtmA kI jitanI vizuddhi hotI hai utanI puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| ata: pApa kA na karanA bhI puNya kI vRddhi kA hetu hai| vivekIjana pratyeka kAma karate hue bhI kisI ke prati rAga-dveSa va burAI karane se bacate haiM, taTastha rahate haiM, isase ve pApa se to bacate hI haiM sAtha hI unake puNya kI abhivRddhi bhI hotI hai| sArAMza yaha hai ki pApa kA tyAga hI saMvara hai, saMvara se AtmA kI vizuddhi hotI hai, jisase pApa kA apavartana rUpa kSaya va puNya ke anubhAga kI vRddhi hotI hai| zarIra ke lie sahAyaka va suvidhAjanaka anna, jala, vastra, pATapalaMga Adi vastue~ dene kA jitanA mahattva hai usase adhika hRdaya meM anukampA bhAva jagane kA, hRdaya kI kaThoratA pighalane kA, dUsaroM kA hita karane kA bhAva jAgrata hone kA mahattva hai| mana meM kisI ke prati ahita kA vicAra tyAgane se pApa karmoM kA bhArI kSaya hotA hai| hRdaya meM karuNAbhAva nahIM hai, dhana dene kI icchA nahIM hai, paraMtu kisI ke dabAva se vastu, dhana Adi dAna detA hai aura mana meM pachatAvA hai to vaha uttama prakAra kA puNya nahIM kahA gayA hai| isI prakAra koI sammAna, satkAra, kIrti va Adara pAne ke lie dAna detA hai to use usa kArya kA phala sammAna, satkAra rUpa hI milatA hai jo usake ahaMkAra ko puSTa karane vAlA hone se pApa kA kSaya karane vAlA nahIM hai| ata: mahattva sadpravRtti ke sAtha rahI bhAvanA kA bhI hai| hRdaya kI bhAvanA kA kriyAtmaka rUpa mana kI pravRtti hai| ata: mahattva mana ke zubhaazubha vicAroM kA hai| mana ke zubha vicAroM se pApa kA kSaya evaM puNya kI vRddhi hotI hai aura mana ke azubha vicAroM se pApa kI vRddhi evaM puNya meM kamI hotI hai| mana se zubha vicAra pratyeka mAnava, pratyeka kSetra meM, pratyeka Page #190 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya kI abhivRddhi se pApa kA kSaya 141 paristhiti meM hara samaya kara sakatA hai aura apane pApa kA kSaya kara sakatA hai, puNya kI vRddhi kara sakatA hai| ataH kisI ke pAsa khilAne-pilAne Adi dAna dene yogya vastue~ nahIM hoM taba bhI vaha hara samaya mana se zubha vicAra karane meM svAdhIna hai aura mana se zubha vicAra karane kA mahattva vastuoM ke dAna dene ke samAna hI hai| ata: sAdhaka ko sadA zubha vicAra karane meM evaM unheM yathAsaMbhava kriyAtmaka rUpa dene meM sadA tatpara rahanA caahie| isase pApa kA kSaya evaM puNya kA upArjana hotA rhegaa| puNya : karmakSaya kA hetu baMdha cAra prakAra kA hai| inameM se prakRti baMdha va pradeza baMdha kA kAraNa mana, vacana aura kAyA kI pravRtti rUpa yoga hai aura sthiti baMdha va anubhAga baMdha kA kAraNa rAga, dveSa, kaSAya (Asakti) hai| paraMtu ina cAroM prakAra ke baMdhanoM meM se prakRti baMdha, anubhAga baMdha va pradeza baMdha ye tIna prakAra ke baMdhana sthiti baMdha para hI nirbhara karate haiM, kyoMki yadi sthiti baMdha na ho to ina tInoM prakAra ke baMdhanoM kA baMdha hI na ho| ataH sthiti baMdha hI mukhya baMdha hai| sthiti baMdha se hI karma sattva yA sattA ko prApta hote haiN| karmoM kI sattA sthiti baMdha para hI nirbhara karatI hai| sthiti baMdha kaSAya se hotA hai| kAraNa ki Ayu karma ko chor3akara zeSa sAta karma kA niraMtara baMdha ho rahA hai, una sAtoM karmoM kI samasta prakRtiyoM kI sthiti meM vRddhi hotI hai / yahA~ taka ki tIrthaGkara nAmakarma, manuSya gati, devagati jaisI puNya prakRtiyoM kI sthiti meM vRddhi bhI kaSAya kI vRddhi se hI hotI hai| arthAt ina samasta prakRtiyoM kI sthiti kI vRddhi utkRSTa hone ke kAraNa tatprAyogya utkRSTa saMkleza bhAva hai aura kaSAya kI kamI rUpa vizuddhi bhAva se pApa-puNya rUpa samasta prakRtiyoM kI sthiti svata: ghaTatI hai| ata: karmoM kI sthiti kA baMdha honA va bar3hanA azubha hai| paraMtu puNya ke anubhAga baMdha para uparyukta karma - siddhAMta kA niyama lAgU nahIM hotA / Page #191 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 142 puNya-pApa tattva - pApa prakRtiyoM kA anubhAva baMdha va usakI vRddhi, kaSAya va kaSAya kI vRddhi se hotI hai| lekina puNya prakRtiyoM meM isase viparIta hotA hai| arthAt jaisejaise kaSAya kI vRddhi hotI hai vaise-vaise puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga ghaTatA jAtA hai aura kaSAya meM kamI se puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hatA jAtA hai ataH puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi kA kAraNa kaSAya nahIM hai, pratyuta kaSAya kI kamI hai| ataH pApa puNya kA saMbaMdha anubhAga se hai sthiti se nahIM, kAraNa ki puNya va pApa kI sabhI prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa sthiti baMdha utkRSTa saMkleza se hotA hai| isIliye tattvArtha sUtra adhyAya 6, sUtra 3-4 kI vyAkhyA karate hue rAjavArtika TIkA meM kahA hai sarvotkRSTasthitInAm utkRSTasaMklezahetukatvAt.....anubhAgabaMdhaM prtyetduktm| anubhAgabaMdho hi pradhAnabhUtaH tannimittattvAt sukhaduHkhavipAkasya / tatrotkRSTa vizuddhapariNAmanimitta: sarvazubhaprakRtInAmutkRSTAnubhAgabaMdha: / utkRSTa saM klezapariNAmanimitta: srvaashubhprkRtiinaamutkRssttaanubhaagbNdhH| artha-yaha niyama hai ki sabhI prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa sthiti baMdha utkRSTa saMkleza se hotA hai| ata: yahA~ anubhAga baMdha kI apekSA isa sUtra ko lagAnA caahiye| puNya-pApa meM anubhAga baMdha pradhAna hai, vahI sukha-du:kha rUpa phala kA nimitta hotA hai| samasta zubha puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha utkRSTa vizuddha pariNAmoM se hotA hai aura samasta azubha (pApa) prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha utkRSTa saMkleza pariNAmoM se hotA hai| Page #192 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (15) puNya-pApa kI utpattivRddhi-kSaya kI prakriyA jIva meM zubha-azubha pariNAma (bhAva) utpanna hote haiN| inameM zubha bhAva bhAvapuNya yA puNya tattva aura azubha bhAva ko bhAvapApa yA pApa tattva kahate haiN| ina zubha aura azubha bhAvoM ke anurUpa mana-vacana-kAya kI zubhaazubha pravRtti hotI hai, use yoga kahate haiN| zubha pravRtti zubhayoga aura azubha pravRtti azubha yoga kahI jAtI hai| yogoM ke nimitta se kArmaNa pudgala vargaNAe~ AkarSita hokara AtmA kI ora AtI haiM aura karma rUpa grahaNa karatI haiM, ise Asrava kahate haiN| zubhayoga se zubha Asrava hotA hai, jise puNyAsrava kahate haiM aura azubha yoga se azubha Asrava hotA hai, jise pApAsrava kahate haiN| yoga yA pravRtti zubha ho yA azubha, inase Atma-pradezoM meM parispaMdana hotA hai, jisase kArmaNa-vargaNAoM ke pudgala Ate haiM aura Atma-pradezoM se milate haiN| ye kArmaNa vargaNAoM ke pudgala pradeza kahalAte haiN| Atma-pradezoM meM jitanA parispaMdana adhika hotA hai utanI hI adhika saMkhyA meM pradezoM kA sarjana hotA hai| isa prakAra puNya yA pApa karmoM kI prakRti va pradeza kA sarjana va upArjana yogoM se hotA hai| karma-pradezoM kA AtmA se jur3e rahane ke kAla ko sthiti baMdha kahate haiM evaM karma ke svabhAva kI tIvratA-maMdatA ko anubhAva (anubhAga) kahate haiN| anubhAga aura sthitibaMdha ina donoM kA nirmANa kaSAya se hotA hai| Page #193 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 144--- ------ puNya-pApa tattva kaSAya meM jitanI hAni-vRddhi hogI Ayu karma kI tIna zubha prakRtiyoM ko chor3akara samasta puNya-pApa kI prakRtiyoM kA sthitibaMdha kama yA adhika hogaa| kaSAya kI hAni hone para sthitibaMdha kama hogaa| yahI siddhAMta pahale ke baMdhe hue karmoM kI jo sthiti hai usa para bhI ghaTita hotA hai| kaSAya kI hAni se pUrva baddha samasta karma prakRtiyoM kI sthiti baMdha kA apavartana (kSaya) hotA hai aura kaSAya kI vRddhi se pUrvabaddha samasta karma prakRtiyoM ke sthitibaMdha kA udvartana (vRddhi) hotA hai| isa prakAra pUrva meM ba~dhA va vartamAna meM ba~dhane vAlA sampUrNa sthitibaMdha kaSAya para nirbhara karatA hai| kaSAya ke kSaya se sthiti kA kSaya hotA hai aura kaSAya kI vRddhi se sthiti bar3hatI hai| sthiti baMdha hI karmoM ko AtmA ke sAtha bA~dhe rakhane vAlA hotA hai| karmabaMdha kI vidyamAnatA sthitibaMdha para hI nirbhara karatI hai| sthitibaMdha kI utpatti va vRddhi hotI hai kaSAya ke udaya va vRddhi se arthAt audayika bhAva se| isalie jainAgama meM va karma siddhAMta meM eka mAtra audayika bhAva (kaSAya) ko hI karma baMdha kA kAraNa kahA gayA hai| sthitibaMdha kA niyama tIna zubha Ayu ko chor3akara samasta puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM para samAna rUpa se lAgU hotA hai| paraMtu anubhAga meM aisA nahIM hai| kAraNa ki anubhAga svabhAva kA anusaraNa karatA hai| ata: zubha svabhAva vAlI puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga kaSAya kI hAni se bar3hatA hai aura kaSAya kI vRddhi se ghaTatA hai| sIdhe zabdoM meM kaheM to sthiti baMdha se ThIka viparIta siddhAMta anubhAga para lAgU hotA hai arthAt puNya prakRtiyoM kA svabhAva va anubhAva zubha hotA hai aura kaSAya azubha hotA hai| ye donoM paraspara virodhI haiN| kaSAya kI kSINatA se zubha va zuddha bhAvoM se puNya prakRtiyoM kA svabhAva utpanna hotA hai va bar3hatA hai| isameM kaSAya kA udaya kAraNa na hokara kaSAya kA kSaya yA hrAsa kAraNa hotA hai| isake viparIta pApa prakRtiyoM kA svabhAva va anubhAva bar3hatA va ghaTatA hai| yahI niyama puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM para bhI lAgU hotA hai arthAt kaSAya kI vRddhi se pUrvabaddha puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva Page #194 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa kI utpatti - vRddhi-kSaya kI prakriyA kA apakarSaNa (hrAsa) hotA hai aura pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva kA utkarSaNa ( vRddhi) hotA hai evaM kaSAya ke kSaya ( hrAsa) se pUrvabaddha puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva kA utkarSaNa (vRddhi) hotA hai tathA pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAva kA apakarSaNa hotA hai| 145 uparyukta vivecana se yaha spaSTa hai ki kaSAya kI vRddhi jitanI adhika hotI hai utanA puNya-pApa karmoM kA baMdha (sthiti baMdha) adhika hotA hai aura kaSAya ke kSaya (hrAsa) se puNya-pApa donoM prakAra ke karmoM kA kSaya (sthiti baMdha kA kSaya) hotA hai, paraMtu kaSAya kI vRddhi se pApa prakRtiyoM kA anubhAva bar3hatA hai aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAva ghaTatA hai| isase yaha bhI phalita huA ki puNya prakRtiyoM kA jitanA Asrava va anubhAga bar3hatA hai utanA hI pApa prakRtiyoM kA hrAsa hotA hai| ina saba tattvoM ke dravya va bhAva rUpa para vicAra kreN| jIva, puNya, pApa, Asrava, saMvara, nirjarA, baMdha aura mokSa ina sabake bhAvAtmaka rUpa zubha va azubha adhyavasAya haiN| jIva ke svabhAva, puNya tattva, puNyAsrava, puNya kA anubhAva, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa ina sabakA bhAvAtmaka rUpa eka hI hai aura yaha zubha adhyavasAya hai aura inakA dravyAtmaka rUpa zubha yoga aura phala zubha pudgala karmoM kA arjana va unakA phala denA hai jo nAnA prakAra kA hai| isI prakAra jIva ke vibhAva, pApa, pApAsrava, pApa kA anubhAva hai| ina sabakA eka hI bhAvAtmaka rUpa hai aura vaha azubha adhyavasAya hai tathA dravyAtmaka rUpa azubhayoga aura phala azubha pudgala karmoM kA upArjana, baMdha va unakA vipAka hai jo nAnA prakAra kA hai| jIva ke pariNAma hI mukti va baMdha ke mUla hetu haiN| dravya karma to pariNAmoM ke anurUpa nisarga se svataH utpanna hote haiN| jIva ke zubha pariNAma muktidAtA haiM, kyoMki ye kaSAya ke kSaya (hrAsa) se hote haiM tathA inase puNya aura pApa donoM prakAra ke karmoM kA kSaya (sthiti kA kSaya ) hotA hai| isake Page #195 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 146 puNya-pApa tattva viparIta jIva ke azubha bhAva karma baMdha ke hetu hote haiN| kyoMki ye kaSAya kI vRddhi se hote haiM jisase puNya aura pApa ina donoM prakAra ke karmoM ke sthiti baMdha meM vRddhi hotI hai| jIva ke kula pA~ca bhAva haiN| inameM se audayika bhAva hI karmabaMdha ke kAraNa haiM kyoMki ina azubha adhyavasAyoM se pApAsrava va pApa prakRtiyoM kA prakRti, sthiti, anubhAva va pradezabaMdha niyama se hotA hai| inase puNya prakRtiyoM kA Asrava, prakRti, pradeza va anubhAva kA sarjana nahIM hotA hai pratyuta ina sabakA hrAsa hI hotA hai| kevala puNya prakRtiyoM kA sthiti baMdha hotA hai| paraMtu puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAva zubha hone se puNya karmoM kA phala zubha hI milatA hai phira ve bhale hI kitane hI kAla taka ba~dhe rheN| ye jIva ke lie kabhI azubha hote hI nahIM haiM, inase jIva ko kisI bhI prakAra kI hAni nahIM hotI hai| zeSa rahe tIna bhAva - aupazamika, kSAyika va kSAyopazamika, ye baMdha ke kAraNa nahIM haiM / audayika bhAva hI, inameM bhI kaSAya bhAva hI karmabaMdha kA kAraNa hai / aupazamika, kSAyika aura kSAyopazamika, ye tInoM bhAva zubha adhyavasAya, kaSAya kI maMdatA va kSaya ke sUcaka haiN| ye tInoM bhAva zubha adhyavasAya rUpa hone se mokSa pradAyaka haiN| ina zubha va zuddha bhAvoM se pApa karma kSaya hote haiM, karma-baMdha nahIM hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki nava hI tattvoM kA evaM inase saMbaMdhita puNya-pApa kA bhAvAtmaka rUpa zubha-azubha bhAva hai| azubha bhAva pApa se saMbaMdhita pApa tattva, pApa pravRtti, pApAsrava, pApa karmoM ke prakRti, pradeza, sthiti va anubhAva baMdha kA evaM puNya prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha kA hetu hai| isa prakAra azubha bhAva-audayika bhAva AtmA ke AMtarika guNoM ke ghAtaka evaM bAhya meM zarIra indriya-prANa Adi ke hAni ke hetu haiN| isake viparIta zubha bhAva AMtarika guNoM ke evaM bAhya zarIra, indriya, prANa Adi zubha prakRtiyoM ke vikAsa ke hetu haiN| puNya tattva puNyAsrava, puNya karma ke prakRti, pradeza, Page #196 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa kI utpatti-vRddhi-kSaya kI prakriyA ------- ------- 147 anubhAva inameM se kisI se bhI jIva ko hAni nahIM hotI hai| pratyuta jitanI inakI vRddhi hotI hai utanA hI pApa ke saba rUpoM kA kSaya hotA hai| pApa hI jIva ko saMsAra meM roke rakhane kA, rulAne, bhava bhramaNa karAne kA hetu hai, puNya nhiiN| saMvara aura nirjarA tattva ke jitane bheda haiM una sabase puNya kA upArjana evaM vRddhi hI hotI hai| Azaya yaha hai ki puNya kA upArjana kSAyika, aupazamika, kSAyopazamika, kaSAya kI maMdatA, saMvara, tapa, saMyama Adi jitane bhI mokSa dene vAle tattva haiM una sabase hotA hai| puNya tattva AtmA kA sarvAMgINa, sarvatomukhI vikAsa karane vAlA hai| puNya AtmA ke lie ahitakara nahIM hai| AtmA kA ahita pApa se hI hotA hai| kaSAya meM kamI honA zubha bhAva hai| zubha bhAva ko hI prakArAntara se zubhayoga, vizuddhi, zuddhopayoga va puNya kahate haiN| ata: puNya aura puNya kA phala sabhI zubha hai, AtmA ke lie hitakara hai| ___ tAtparya yaha hai ki puNya kI utpatti va vRddhi kSAyika, aupazamika, kSAyopazamika rUpa zubha bhAvoM se zubha yoga (sadpravRtti) se hotI hai| zubha yoga se puNyAsrava, puNya karma ke prakRti, pradeza va anubhAva kA sarjana hotA hai| puNya ke sthiti-baMdha kA kSaya pApa ke sAtha svata: ho jAtA hai| isake lie anya kisI vizeSa sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| isake viparIta pApa kI utpatti va vRddhi kA kAraNa audayika bhAva hai| audayika bhAva meM bhI kaSAya kA udaya hI mukhya hai| audayika bhAva se azubha yoga (duSpravRtti) hotA hai jisase pApAsrava hotA hai tathA pApa ke prakRti, sthiti, anubhAva va pradeza kA arjana va baMdha hotA hai| pApa ke kSaya kA upAya haikaSAya kA hrAsa arthAt jina bhAvoM se puNya kA upArjana va vRddhi hotI hai ve hI bhAva pApa-kSaya ke hetu haiN| OOD Page #197 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (16) puNya-pApa kI baMdha-vyucchitti : __eka ciMtana katipaya logoM kI aisI mAnyatA hai ki karma-siddhAMta meM pApa va puNya donoM prakRtiyoM kI baMdha vyucchitti kahI hai| isase yaha jJAta hotA hai ki jaise pApa heya hai, usI prakAra puNya bhI heya hai| isa jijJAsA ke samAdhAna ke lie kisI kArya kI nivRtti kisa prakAra hotI hai, isa viSaya para vicAra karanA Avazyaka hai| kisI kArya kA aMta do prakAra se hotA hai-1. nivRtti se-kSINa hokara, ghaTakara arthAt abhAva rUpa meM aura 2. pUrNatA se arthAt bar3hakara usase atIta hokara, jaise(a) RNa mukta honA donoM avasthAoM meM samAna hotA hai-1. jisane divAliyA nikAla diyA aura 2. jise denA thA use de diyaa| bAhya sthiti eka hone para bhI ye donoM bAteM paraspara virodhI haiN| (A) ema.e. par3hane ke kArya kA abhAva do vyaktiyoM ke hotA hai| 1. ema.e. nahIM par3hane vAle ke 2. ema.e. kI parIkSA uttIrNa kara lene vAle ke| (i) deha kA abhAva va vyucchitti dehAMta hone para athavA dehAtIta hone Page #198 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -------149 puNya-pApa kI baMdha-vyucchitti : eka ciMtana rUpa donoM avasthAoM meM hotI hai| paraMtu dehAMta mRtyu hai aura dehAtIta honA siddha avasthA hai, nirvANa hai| tIrthaGkara nAma karma puNya prakRti kA baMdha prathama guNasthAna meM bhI nahIM hotA aura 10 guNasthAna meM bhI nahIM hotaa| paraMtu 10veM guNasthAna meM to kaSAya ke kSaya se tIrthaGkara nAma kA anubhAga pUrNa (utkRSTa) ho jAne se baMdha nahIM hotA hai aura prathama guNasthAna meM anantAnubaMdhI kaSAya ke udaya ke kAraNa baMdha nahIM hotA hai| ekendriya jIva ke bhI sthiti baMdha atyalpa eka sAgara se bhI kama hotA hai aura yahI sthiti baMdha vItarAga avasthA vAle kSapaka zreNI ke sAdhaka ke bhI hotA hai| bAhara se eka-sI avasthA prakaTa hone para bhI aMtara meM paraspara virodhI hai| pApa prakRtiyoM kI utpatti doSoM se aura puNya prakRtiyoM kI utpatti guNoM se hotI hai| doSoM ke kSaya se pApa-prakRtiyoM kI baMdha-vyucchitti ho jAtI hai aura guNoM kI vRddhi se puNya prakRtiyoM kI pUrNatA ho jAne se puNya prakRtiyoM kI baMdha-vyucchitti ho jAtI hai| guNoM kI vRddhi aura doSoM kA kSaya ye donoM kArya yugapat hote haiM ata: puNya aura pApa prakRtiyoM kI baMdhavyucchitti yugapat hotI hai| isI prakAra kSapaka zreNI meM pApa aura puNya donoM prakAra kI karma prakRtiyoM kI vyucchitti hone meM do virodhI kAraNa haiN| kSapaka zreNI meM ghAtI karma kI pApa prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga baMdha va sthiti baMdha ghaTatA jAtA hai aura ghaTakara usakA kSaya va aMta ho jAtA hai| isaliye baMdha vyucchitti ho jAtI hai| isake viparIta puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi ho jAtI hai aura yaha vRddhi pUrNatA (utkRSTatA) ko prApta hokara ruka jAtI hai, kAraNa ki pUrNa hone para Age bar3hane kI guMjAiza hI nahIM rahatI hai| isalie puNya prakRtiyoM kI baMdha vyucchitti hotI hai| Page #199 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 150 puNya-pApa tattva isa prakAra pApa prakRtiyoM kI baMdha vyucchitti unake sthiti va anubhAga ke ghAta se hotI hai aura puNya prakRtiyoM kI vyucchitti unake anubhAga meM vRddhi hokara pUrNa hone se hotI hai| ata: pApa prakRtiyoM kI baMdhavyucchitti pApa prakRtiyoM ke kSaya se hotI hai tathA puNya prakRtiyoM kI baMdhavyucchitti puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kI pUrNatA se hotI hai| ye donoM kArya eka hI hetu se hote haiN| yaha hetu hai kaSAya meM kamI honA, kSINa honA, kSaya honA / jitanA kaSAya ghaTatA jAtA hai, kSINa va kSaya hotA jAtA hai, utanA hI pApa ke anubhAga kA kSaya va puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| kaSAya ke kSaya hote hI ye donoM kArya pUrNa ho jAte haiN| kaisA vicitra siddhAMta hai ki puNya-pApa karma donoM paraspara virodhI haiM, phira bhI ina donoM kI karma prakRtiyoM kI baMdha - vyucchitti kaSAya ke kSaya se hI hotI hai| hotA yaha hai ki kSapaka zreNI meM kaSAya ke kSaya se jJAnAvaraNAdi ghAtI-pApa karmoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga ghaTakara zUnya ho jAtA hai jisase ye pApa karma nirmUla -kSaya-astitvahIna ho jAte haiM aura kSapaka zreNI meM kaSAya ke kSaya se puNya karma prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hakara pUrNa utkRSTa ho jAtA hai, jisase baMdha ruka jAtA hai| pApa karmoM kI unake unmUlana ke kAraNa se aura puNya karmoM kI unake anubhAga ke carama sImA para pahu~cane ke kAraNa baMdha vyucchitti hotI hai| Page #200 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (17) mukti meM puNya sahAyaka, pApa bAdhaka jaina karma siddhAMtAnusAra puNya Atma-vikAsa kA dyotaka evaM mukti kA sahAyaka aMga hai, mukti kA bAdhaka va ghAtaka nahIM hai| paraMtu vartamAna meM katipaya jaina sampradAya vAloM kA aisA mAnanA hai ki-"jaise mukti ke lie pApa tyAjya hai vaise hI puNya bhI tyAjya hai, kyoMki vaha mukti meM bAdhaka hai| puNya karate-karate ananta janma bIta gaye, anaMta bAra nava graiveyaka taka jA Ae, phira bhI mukti nahIM milii| isakA kAraNa hai pApa ko to heya samajhakara, tyAga karake paMca mahAvrata dhAraNa kiye, parantu puNya ko na heya samajhA aura na tyaagaa| yadi pApa kI taraha puNya ko heya samajhakara tyAga diyA jAya to mukti kabhI kI mila jaatii|" ___ uparyukta yaha mAnyatA ki 'puNya mukti meM bAdhaka haiM' karma siddhAMta va Agama ke viruddha hai| kyoMki tyAjya vahI hotA hai jo Atma-guNoM kA ghAta karatA hai, jo azubha va pApa rUpa hai| sabhI puNya prakRtiyA~ pUrNa rUpa se aghAtI haiM inase Atma-guNa kA ghAta hotA to dezaghAtI kahalAtI, paraMtu aisA nahIM hai| puNya prakRtiyA~ pUrNa rUpa se aghAtI hone se inase AtmA kA ahita nahIM hotA hai| ata: puNya mukti meM bAdhaka aura tyAjya nahIM hai| Page #201 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 152 puNya-pApa tattva puNya mukti meM sahAyaka hai, kyoMki puNya kA upArjana pApa kI kamI se, pApa ke tyAga se, zubha yoga se hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki jitane jitane aMza meM kaSAya meM kamI AtI jAtI hai, pApa ghaTatA jAtA hai, utanA - utanA puNya kA anubhAga bar3hatA jAtA hai, kaSAya ke kSaya se pUrNa zuddhopayoga hotA hai to utkRSTa puNya kA anubhAga hotA hai| puNya kA utkRSTa anubhAga hone para hI vItarAgatA AtI hai, kevalajJAna hotA hai, mukti milatI hai| ataH mukti na milane kA kAraNa puNya kA pUrNa upArjana na honA hai, puNyopArjana meM kamI rahanA hai| ise udAharaNoM se samajheM, yathA - do udAharaNa 1.-jaise koI vyakti kue~ se pAnI pAne ke lie ekaphuTa ke aganita gaDDhe khode taba bhI pAnI nahIM nikalatA hai, gaharA khodane para hI pAnI nikalatA hai| gaDDhA pUrA udAharaNa 2.-kisI ghar3I yA yaMtra meM usake hajAroM purje lagA diye jAyeM, paraMtu kucha purje lagane se raha jAe~ to vaha ghar3I va yaMtra kAryakArI nahIM ho sakate, sampUrNa pUrje yathAsthAna para lagane se hI vaha yaMtra kAryakArI va saphala hotA hai| udAharaNa 3.-jala kA tApamAna kucha aMzoM meM lAkhoM karor3oM bAra ghaTatA-bar3hatA rahe, paraMtu vaha barpha nahIM bana sktaa| tApamAna ke zUnya ho para hI vaha jala barpha banatA hai| isI prakAra jIva ke kaSAya meM AMzika kamI - vRddhi asaMkhya anaMta bAra hotI rahatI hai, paraMtu kaSAya kI AMzika kamI se prakaTa hue AtmA ke guNoM kA vikAsa va puNya kI AMzika vRddhi hone se kisI ko mukti nahIM milatI hai| mukti milatI hai kaSAya rUpa pApa ke pUrNa kSaya se, pUrNa nirdoSatA Page #202 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mukti meM puNya sahAyaka, pApa bAdhaka --- ---------- 153 se, pUrNa zuddhopayoga se, pUrNa pavitratA se, utkRSTa puNya se| utkRSTa puNya hotA hai saMyama, saMvara, tyAga, tapa rUpa zuddhopayoga kI pUrNatA se tathA pApa ke kSaya se| puNya ke anubhAga kI vRddhi va pUrNatA pApa kI kamI va kSaya kI dyotaka hai| pApa se AtmA kA patana hotA hai, ata: pApa hI mukti meM bAdhaka hai aura pApa ke kSaya se hI mukti kI upalabdhi hotI hai| puNya bhAva se AtmA pavitra hotI hai AtmA kA utthAna hotA hai| AtmA kI pavitratA mukti meM sahAyaka hotI hai, bAdhaka nhiiN| puNya karma kI bayAlIsa prakRtiyA~ haiN| inameM se sAtAvedanIya, ucca gotra Adi battIsa prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga cAritra kI kSapaka zreNI kI utkRSTa sAdhanA meM hAtA hai| inakA utkRSTa anubhAga hone ke pazcAt aMtarmuhUrta meM hI kevalajJAna ho jAtA hai| ina prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga ke anutkRSTa rahate Aja taka na kisI ko kevalajJAna huA hai aura na Age hI hogA aura kevalajJAna ke binA kisI ko mukti nahIM ho sktii| isase spaSTa pramANita hotA hai ki Aja taka jisa kisI ko mukti nahIM milI usakA kAraNa puNya kI utkRSTatA meM kamI rahanA hai, na ki puNya kI uplbdhi| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to puNya kI utkRSTa avasthA meM bAdhaka kAraNa pApa hai| ata: pApa hI mukti meM bAdhaka hai, puNya nhiiN| kevalajJAna aura kevaladarzana na hone kA kAraNa koI puNya prakRti nahIM, apitu kevalajJAnAvaraNa, kevaladarzanAvaraNa Adi pApa prakRtiyoM kA udaya hai| isI prakAra kSAyika cAritra yA kSAyika samyaktva na hone kA kAraNa bhI moha karma kI pApa prakRtiyA~ hI haiM, koI bhI puNya prakRti nhiiN| ata: yaha kahanA ki puNya mukti meM bAdhaka hai, jainAgama va karma siddhAMta ke viparIta hai| karmasiddhAMta tathA AgamAnusAra puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA Page #203 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 154 ---- --- puNya-pApa tattva upArjana na to mana, vacana va kAyA ke kisI yoga se hotA hai aura na kisI kaSAya se hotA hai, pratyuta Atma-vizuddhi va zuddhApeyoga se hotA hai, kyoMki yoga se to karma kI prakRti va pradeza kA upArjana hotA hai, sthiti va anubhAga kA nhiiN| yadi puNya ke anubhAga kA upArjana kaSAya se hotA hai to puNya kA anubhAga kaSAya ke bar3hane se bar3hatA tathA kaSAya ke ghaTane se ghaTatA, jaisA ki pApa prakRtiyoM meM hotA hai paraMtu aisA nahIM hotA hai| isake viparIta puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga kaSAya bar3hane se ghaTatA hai, kaSAya ghaTane se bar3hatA hai aura jaise-jaise kaSAya kA kSaya hotA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise bar3hatA jAtA hai| saMyama, tyAga, tapa rUpa kSapaka zreNI kI utkRSTa sAdhanA ke samaya kaSAya ke pUrNa kSaya rUpa pUrNa zuddhopayoga hone para sAdhaka ke puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa ho jAtA hai| tatpazcAt hI kevalajJAna va kevaladarzana hote haiN| sArAMza yaha hai ki kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana va mukti meM bAdhaka puNya kI upalabdhi nahIM hai, balki puNya ke anubhAga meM kamI raha jAnA hai tathA ghAtI karma kI pApa prakRtiyoM kA udaya hai| ata: mukti-prApti ke lie pApa ke tyAga va kSaya kI AvazyakatA hai| sAdhanA kA lakSya yA kArya mAtra pApa kA kSaya karanA hai, puNya kA nhiiN| kyoMki kisI bhI sAdhanA se puNya ke anubhAga kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai| yahA~ taka ki kevalI samudghAta se bhI puNya kA anubhAga kSINa nahIM hotA hai aura mukti-prApti ke aMtima samaya taka puNya kA yaha anubhAga utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| puNya ke anubhAga ke kSaya kA ekamAtra upAya hai saMklezabhAva, jisakA vItarAga avasthA meM sarvathA abhAva hai| rahA puNya kI sthiti kA kSaya, jo pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti ke kSaya ke sAtha svata: hI ho jAtA hai, isake lie alaga se sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotii| Page #204 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mukti meM puNya sahAyaka, pApa bAdhaka -- --------- 155 puNya kA upArjana saMyama arthAt pApa ke tyAga rUpa nivRttiparaka sAdhanA se tathA dayA, dAna, maitrI, sevA, vAtsalya rUpa pravRttiparaka sAdhanA se hotA hai| ata: puNya sAdhanA kA phala hone se mukti meM sahAyaka hotA hai, bAdhaka nhiiN| isa prakAra puNya, karma baMdha kA kAraNa nahIM hai, balki pApa karmoM ke kSaya kA hetu hai| isI para prakAza DAlA jA rahA hai kaSAya kI kamI rUpa vizuddhi se puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai jisase samasta pApa va puNya prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha meM kamI AtI hai aura sattA meM sthita samasta karmoM kI sthiti ghaTatI hai (sthiti kA kSaya karmoM kA kSaya hai) tathA naI pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga baMdha meM kamI hotI hai aura sattA meM sthita pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM bhI kamI hotI hai| isa prakAra puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi kI avasthA meM pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga meM kamI AtI hai va inakI sthiti kA ghAta hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki puNya kA utkarSa pApa karma ke kSaya kA kAraNa hai, karma baMdha kA kAraNa nhiiN| pApa karma ke kSaya meM sahAyaka hone se puNya saMsAra meM roke rakhane kA evaM saMsAra vRddhi yA saMsAra-paribhramaNa kA kAraNa nahIM hai| ata: puNya ko saMsAra-bhramaNa kA kAraNa mAnanA anucita hai| karma-baMdha va saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa rAga-dveSa rUpa kaSAya hai| kaSAya pApa rUpa hI hotA hai, puNya rUpa nhiiN| kaSAya ke abhAva meM akele yoga se karmabaMdha nahIM hotaa| kaSAya kI tIvratA se hI mithyAtva, asaMyama, pramAda va azubha yoga rUpa duSpravRttiyoM kI utpatti hotI hai| kaSAya kI kamI se mithyAtva Adi ke kSaya karane kA sAmarthya AtA hai| isa sAmarthya ke sadupayoga se jJAnIjana pApa kI duSpravRtti kA tyAga kara saMyamamaya jIvana apanAkara apanA kalyANa kara lete haiN| Page #205 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 156-- --- puNya-pApa tattva jo jIva prApta sAmagrI va sAmarthya kA upayoga tyAga meM na kara viSaya bhoga meM karate haiM ve apane sAmarthya ko kho dete haiN| phira samasta dazAoM va dizAoM meM idhara-udhara bhaTakate rahate haiN| Azaya yaha hai ki sadpravRttiyoM se udbhUta sAmarthya kA upayoga tyAga meM kara rAga-dveSa se mukta honA hai| ye sadpravRttiyA~ kisI bhI prakAra se ahita kI kAraNa nahIM haiM, isaliye heya yA tyAjya nahIM haiN| isake viparIta pApa karma ke kSaya kI hetu haiN| isaliye upAdeya va grAhya haiM, paraMtu ye AtmA se bhinna hone se sAdhana rUpa haiN| ata: inheM sAdhya mAna lene meM sAdhya kI ora pragati hone meM avarodha hotA hai| jabaki inake prati asaMga bhAva rakhane se sAdhya kI ora tIvra gati se pragati hotI hai| - isa prakAra sAdhaka, sAdhana, sAdhya ina saba avasthAoM meM sadpravRttiyA~ apanI upAdeyatA banAye rakhatI haiN| inakA niSedha kahIM nahIM kahA hai| yaha avazya hai ki ye niraMtara nahIM cala sktii| pravRtti ke aMta meM nivRtti AtI hI hai| isa nivRtti kA bhI mahattva hai| isa nivRtti se zakti kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai jo sadpravRtti karane meM sahAyaka hotA hai| isa prakAra sadpravRtti (samiti) aura nivRtti (gupti) ye donoM sAdhana rUpa haiM yA yoM kaheM ki sAdhanA kI pragati ke lie ye dAeM-bAe~ paira ke samAna haiN| sAdhanA meM donoM kA hI mahattva hai| inameM se koI bhI upekSA karane yogya nahIM hai| dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya, anukampA, maitrI, vaiyAvRttya (sevA), paropakAra Adi bhAva guNa haiM, doSa nhiiN| guNa svabhAva rUpa hote haiN| svabhAva ko hI dharma kahate haiN| ata: ye dharma haiN| yaha niyama hai ki svabhAva yA dharma se karma kA baMdha nahIM hotA hai| karma kA baMdha to adharma se hotA hai| adharma, doSa, pApa va vibhAva paryAyavAcI haiN| guNa, svabhAva yA dharma sadaiva upAdeya hotA hai, kabhI bhI, kahIM bhI tyAjya yA heya nahIM hotA hai| ata: uparyukta Page #206 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mukti meM puNya sahAyaka, pApa bAdhaka ---- -------157 guNa sadaiva upAdeya haiM, inheM heya yA tyAjya kahanA yA samajhanA bhUla hai| sAdhaka kA bhalA isa bhUla ko dUra karane meM hai| bhUla banAye rakhane meM nhiiN| yahI prazna uThatA hai ki phira puNya karma kyA hai? uttara meM kahanA hogA ki sadpravRttiyoM tathA saMyama se AtmA kA jitanA-jitanA mohakaSAya ghaTatA jAtA hai utanI-utanI AtmA nirmala (pavitra) hotI jAtI hai| usakA caitanya guNa prakaTa hotA jAtA hai arthAt Atmika (AdhyAtmika) vikAsa hotA jAtA hai| yaha puNya tattva hai| 'jahA aMto tahA bAhi' arthAt jaisA bhItara vaisA baahr| AcArAMga Agama ke isa siddhAMtAnusAra AdhyAtmika vizuddhi ke sAtha bhautika vikAsa hotA jAtA hai, arthAt zarIra, indriya, mana Adi paudgalika padArthoM kI prApti va zakti meM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| isI ko puNya karma kahA jAtA hai| puNya zubha rUpa hI hotA hai, azubha rUpa nhiiN| arthAt isase jIva ko kisI bhI prakAra kI hAni yA du:kha nahIM hotA hai| puNya kI sabhI prakRtiyA~ aghAtI hotI haiN| ata: ye AtmA ke kisI bhI guNa kA lezamAtra bhI ghAta nahIM krtii| guNa ke kriyAtmaka rUpa sadpravRtti se puNya karma ke prakRti, pradeza aura anubhAga kA sRjana hotA hai, sthiti kA nhiiN| ata: guNa baMdhana kAraka hote hI nahIM haiN| guNa kA kriyAtmaka rUpa dayA, dAna Adi puNya hai, ata: puNya bhI guNa kA phala hI hai| yaha niyama hai ki doSa pApa hai aura nirdoSatA guNa hai| karmoM kA baMdha doSa se hotA hai, nirdoSatA se nhiiN| pratyuta nirdoSatA se karma TUTate hI haiN| arthAt jitanA-jitanA rAga rUpa doSa ghaTatA jAtA hai-nirdoSatA prakaTa hotI jAtI hai; utane-utane karma usI kSaNa kSINa hote jAte haiN| rAga ke pUrA kSaya hote hI ghAtI karmoM kA pUrNa kSaya ho jAtA hai aura kaivalya avasthA prakaTa Page #207 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 158 ---- puNya-pApa tattva hotI jAtI hai| kaivalya hone para anaMta dAna kI upalabdhi ho jAtI hai jo anaMta karuNA va dayA kI dyotaka hai| vItarAga vizva vatsala hote haiN| dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya Adi svAbhAvika guNoM ko doSa yA vibhAva mAnanA aura isake phalasvarUpa saMsAra paribhramaNa mAnanA Agama viruddha hai| guNa yA doSa, ina donoM hI ke do-do rUpa hote haiM-1. bhAvAtmaka aura 2. kriyaatmk| bhAvAtmaka rUpa kA saMbaMdha jIva ke bhAva ke sAtha hotA hai aura kriyAtmaka rUpa kA saMbaMdha bAhya jagat se hotA hai| isaliye bhAvAtmaka rUpa kA prabhAva yA phala sajIva ke bhAva yA svabhAva para tatkAla va sIdhA par3atA hai aura kriyAtmaka rUpa kA phala bAhya jagat para par3atA hai| doSa ke bhAvAtmaka rUpa ke phalasvarUpa ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| doSa yA guNa ke bhAvAtmaka rUpa kA saMbaMdha jIva ke bhAvoM ke sAtha hone se ghAtI karmoM ke baMdha aura kSaya meM jIva sadaiva samartha aura svAdhIna hotA hai| vaha apane rAga, dveSa, moha Adi doSa rUpa kaSAya bhAva kA jisa kSaNa cAhe usI kSaNa tyAga kara apane ghAtI karmoM ko naSTa kara sakatA hai aura kevalajJAna kevaladarzana kI upalabdhi kara sakatA hai, kAraNa ki ghAtI karmoM kA saMbaMdha jIva ke vidyamAna doSoM se hai| doSa ke ghaTate, dUra hote hI ghAtI karma kSINa yA kSaya ho jAte haiN| arthAt doSa jitane-jitane aMza meM ghaTate jAte haiN| ghAtI karma utane hI utane aMza meM nirjarita hote jAte haiM aura guNa prakaTa hote jAte haiN| pApa mukti meM bAdhaka hai, puNya nahIM mukti-prApti kA mArga batalAte hue AcArya kahate haiM'samyagdarzanajJAna-cAritrANi mokSamArgaH' -tattvArtha sUtra 1.1 arthAt samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyak cAritra se mukti milatI hai| samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna kA bAdhaka kAraNa mithyAtva mohanIya hai jo mohanIya karma kI Page #208 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ mukti meM puNya sahAyaka, pApa bAdhaka prakRti hai aura pApa prakRti hai tathA samyak cAritra kA bAdhaka kAraNa anaMtAnubaMdhI Adi kaSAya hai jo cAritra mohanIya karma kI prakRtiyA~ haiM evaM pApa prakRtiyA~ haiN| isa prakAra mokSa prApti ke hetu samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna evaM samyakcAritra ina tInoM ke bAdhaka kAraNa pApa rUpa darzana mohanIya evaM cAritra mohanIya karma kI prakRtiyA~ haiN| mohanIya karma ke atirikta anya koI karma yA kAraNa inakA bAdhaka nahIM hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki mukti prApta karAne vAlI samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra ina tInoM sAdhanAoM kA bAdhaka va ghAtaka kAraNa mohanIya karma hai, jo pApa karma hai| 159 moha arthAt kaSAya hI samasta pApa karmoM ke sthiti-baMdha va anubhAga-baMdha kA hetu hai| moha kSINa hone se samasta pApa prakRtiyoM kA baMdha kSINa hone lagatA hai| moha ke kSaya hote hI jJAnAvaraNIya, darzanAvaraNIya aura aMtarAya ye tInoM ghAtI karma jo ekAMta pApa karma haiM, kSaya ho jAte haiN| mohanIya karma ke kSaya se kSAyika samyaktva, kSAyika cAritra, jJAnAvaraNIya karma ke kSaya se kevala jJAna, darzanAvaraNIya karma ke kSaya se kevaladarzana aura aMtarAya karma ke kSaya se anaMta dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya ye pA~ca labdhiyA~ prApta ho jAtI haiM aura jaba taka cAritra moha kA aMza mAtra bhI udaya rahatA hai taba taka ghAtI karmoM kA baMdha hotA rahatA hai| jaisA ki dasaveM sUkSma saMparAya guNasthAna meM saMjvalana lobha nAmaka ati sUkSma kaSAya kA udaya rahatA hai| isa udaya se jJAnAvaraNIya Adi ghAtI karmoM kA baMdha niraMtara hotA rahatA hai| ghAtI karma hI jIva ke guNoM kA ghAta karate haiM jisase kevalajJAna, kevaladarzana Adi jIva ke guNa prakaTa nahIM hote haiN| ina guNoM ke prakaTa huye binA mukti kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| ataH mukti meM, mukti ke mArga samyagdarzana-jJAna-cAritra meM bAdhaka kAraNa ghAtIkarma hI hai| jo ekAMta pApa rUpa haiN| ata: pApa karma hI mukti ke mArga meM bAdhaka haiM, puNya karma nhiiN| Page #209 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 160--- --- puNya-pApa tattva puNya kI samasta prakRtiyA~ aghAtI karmoM kI haiN| aghAtI karma use hI kahate haiM jo jIva ke kisI bhI guNa kA aMza mAtra bhI ghAta na kare, jisase jIva ko kucha bhI hAni na ho| yadi aghAtI karma jIva ko kucha bhI hAni pahu~cAne vAle hote, aMza mAtra bhI kisI guNa kA ghAta karane vAle hote to jainAgama meM inheM dezaghAtI kahA jaataa| ina karmoM ke aghAtI vizeSaNa isalie lagAyA gayA hai ki ghAtI karmoM ke samAna koI inheM bhI jIva ke kisI guNa kA aMza mAtra bhI ghAta karane vAlA na samajha leM anyathA inake aghAtI vizeSaNa lagAne kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM thii| abhiprAya yaha hai ki puNya se na to kisI sAdhanA meM bAdhA par3atI hai, na yaha mukti meM bAdhaka hai aura na isase jIva ke kisI guNa kA ghAta hI hotA hai| mukti-prApti meM, mukti-prApti ke mArga (sAdhanA) meM kevala ghAtI-pApa karma hI bAdhaka hote haiN| yahI nahIM jaba taka puNya karmoM kA anubhAga dvisthAnika se bar3hakara catuHsthAnika nahIM ho jAtA, taba taka samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAna nahIM hotA hai aura yahI anubhAga bar3hakara utkRSTa nahIM ho jAtA hai taba taka yathAkhyAta cAritra nahIM hotA hai| 000 Page #210 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (18) puNya ke anubhAga kA kSaya kisI sAdhanA se nahIM karma-baMdha puNya rUpa ho yA pApa rUpa, ghAtI ho yA aghAtI yA anya kisI prakAra kA ho vaha udaya meM Akara apanA phala dekara kSaya (nirjarita) hotA hai| karmakSaya kI yaha prakriyA prAkRtika hai| sAdhaka karma kA kSaya saMvara, nirjarA Adi sAdhanA ke dvArA bhI karatA hai| yahA~ isI dRSTi se puNya ke kSaya para vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| jo puNya ko kisI bhI dRSTi se heya mAnate haiM unheM puNya kA kSaya karanA abhISTa hogA aura puNya kA kSaya dayA, dAna, sevA, karuNA Adi sadpravRttiyoM, saMyama, tyAga, tapa, kSamA, mArdava, Arjava, jJAna-darzana-cAritra pAlana rUpa kisI bhI sAdhanA se nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki ina sabase kaSAya meM kamI hotI hai aura yaha niyama hai ki jitanI kaSAya meM kamI hotI hai utanI hI pariNAmoM meM vizuddhi bar3hatI hai aura vizuddhi kI vRddhi se puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| yaha bhI niyama hai ki saMyama-tyAga-tapa aura jJAna-darzana-cAritra kI sAdhanA se kaSAya meM vizeSa rUpa se kamI hotI hai| jo vizeSa vizuddhi meM kAraNa hai| yaha vizuddhi sadpravRttiyoM se hone vAlI vizuddhi se vizeSa hotI hai| jisase karma siddhAMta ke anusAra pUrva arjita sattA meM sthita pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga va sthiti meM vizeSa kamI hotI hai evaM puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA utkarSaNa hotA Page #211 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 162 puNya-pApa tattva hai| yaha kahA jA sakatA hai ki puNya ke anubhAga kA sadpravRttiyoM meM jitanA utkarSa (utkarSaNa) hotA hai usase bhI saMyama, tyAga, tapa va jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI sAdhanA se puNya - prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vizeSa utkarSa (utkarSaNa) hotA hai, vRddhi hotI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki sAdhaka jJAna, darzana, cAritra kI vizuddhi para jitanA-jitanA guNasthAna para Age bar3hatA jAtA hai utanA hI adhika puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bhI bar3hatA jAtA hai| kahA bhI haitatrotkRSTavizuddhapariNAmanimittaH srvshubhprkRtiinaamutkRssttaanubhaagbndhH| - rAjavArttika 6.3 arthAt utkRSTa vizuddha pariNAma se samasta zubha (puNya) prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha hotA hai| isase spaSTa pramANita hotA hai ki saMyama, tyAga, tapa va jJAna-darzana - cAritra rUpa sAdhanA puNya ke upArjana va utkarSa meM hetu hai, puNya ke anubhAva ke kSaya meM lezamAtra bhI nhiiN| isa prakAra saMvaranirjarA rUpa saMyama-tyAga tapa Adi kisI bhI sAdhanA se puNya kA kSaya ho nahIM sktaa| inase puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hI hotI hai| yaha sarvavidita hai ki puNya-pApa tattva kA saMbaMdha unake anubhAga se hI hai, sthiti baMdha se nhiiN| dayA, dAna, paropakAra, vAtsalya Adi sadpravRttiyoM se puNya kA upArjana hI hotA hai| zubhAzubhau mokSabaMdhamArgI arthAt zubha yoga (puNya) mokSa mArga hai aura azubha yoga (pApa) baMdha kA mArga hai| ananta sAmarthyavAn vItarAga prabhu ke bhI caudahaveM guNasthAna ke pUrva taka niyama se sadaiva zubha yoga rahatA hI hai| anantadAnI honA vItarAga kA svabhAva hI hai| Azaya yaha hai ki sAdhanA ke antima kSaNa taka, mukti ke pUrva kSaNa taka puNya kA sadbhAva banA hI rahatA hai| Page #212 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (19) puNya-pApa ke anubaMdha kI caukar3I caunvihe kamme paNNatte, taMjahA-subhe NAmamege subhe vivAge, subhe NAmamege asubhavivAge, asubhe NAmamege subhavivAge, asubhe NAmamege asubha vivaage|| -sthAnAMga 4, uddezaka 4, sUtra 603 karma cAra prakAra kA hai 1. zubha aura zubha vipAka-koI karma zubha hotA hai aura usakA vipAka bhI zubha hotA hai| 2. zubha aura azubha vipAka-koI karma zubha hotA hai aura usakA vipAka azubha hotA hai| 3. azubha aura zubha vipAka-koI karma azubha hotA hai aura usakA vipAka zubha hotA hai| 4. azubha aura azubha vipAka-koI karma azubha hotA hai aura usakA vipAka bhI azubha hotA hai| inameM se dUsare evaM tIsare bhaMga saMkramaNa karaNa se saMbhava haiN| puNya-pApa ke anubaMdha ke cAra prakAra haiM-1. pApAnubaMdhI pApa-pApa ke udaya meM pApa karma kA baMdha honA, 2. puNyAnubaMdhI pApa-pApa ke udaya meM puNya kA baMdha honaa| 3. pApAnubaMdhI puNya-puNya ke udaya meM pApa kA Page #213 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 164 --- --- puNya-pApa tattva baMdha honA aura 4. puNyAnubaMdhI puNya-puNya ke udaya meM puNya kA anubaMdha honaa| isa caukar3I meM puNya va pApa do prakAra se diye gaye haiN| eka prakAra meM baMdha ke rUpa meM puNya aura pApa ko liyA gayA hai jise puNyAnubaMdha va pApAnubaMdha kahA gayA hai| dUsare prakAra meM udaya ke rUpa meM puNya-pApa kA grahaNa kiyA hai jise puNya kA udaya va pApa kA udaya kahA gayA hai| pratyeka chadmastha jIva ke pratipala puNya va pApa ina donoM karmoM kA baMdha va udaya hotA rahatA hai| aisI sthiti meM puNya aura pApa ina donoM karmoM ke udaya meM se puNya ke udaya ko liyA jAya yA pApa ke udaya ko liyA jAya tathA isI prakAra ke donoM karmoM ke baMdha meM se pApa ke baMdha ko liyA jAya yA puNya ke baMdha ko liyA jAya, yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai| udAharaNArtha koI manuSya sAtavIM nArakI kI bhayaMkara pApa prakRti kA baMdha kara rahA hai, usa samaya vaha anaMta puNya rUpa paMcendriya jAti, trasa, bAdara, paryApta, pratyeka, nirmANa, agurulaghu Adi aneka puNya prakRtiyoM kA baMdha bhI kara rahA hai aura ina puNya prakRtiyoM kA udaya bhI usake hai tathA jJAnAvaraNIya, mohanIya Adi pApa karmoM kA udaya bhI hai arthAt usake puNya va pApa donoM karmoM kA udaya evaM donoM kA baMdha ho rahA hai| aisI sthiti meM usake pApa kA udaya mAnA jAya yA puNya kA udaya mAnA jAya, pApa kA baMdha mAnA jAya yA puNya kA baMdha mAnA jAya aura uparyukta caukar3I kA kaunasA prakAra yA bheda mAnA jAya isakA nirNaya kaise kiyA jAya, yaha prazna va jijJAsA uThanA svAbhAvika hI hai| yahA~ prathama pApAnubaMdhI pApa kise mAnA jAya isa para vicAra karate haiN| karma prakRtiyoM ke baMdha ke AdhAra para to yaha nirNaya ho nahIM sakatA hai, kyoMki puNya aura pApa karmoM kI prakRtiyoM kA baMdha dasaveM guNasthAna taka Page #214 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa ke anubaMdha kI caukar3I - 165 niraMtara hotA rahatA hai| isakA nirNaya saMkleza va vizuddhi ke AdhAra para hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| kAraNa ki saMkleza bhAva kaSAya kI vRddhi se hotA hai jisase vartamAna meM ba~dhane vAlI tathA bhUtakAla meM ba~dhI huI sattA meM sthita va udayamAna samasta pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga baMdha meM vRddhi hotI hai| puNya-prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga kSINa hotA hai tathA pUrvabaddha puNya-prakRtiyoM kA pApa-prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai| isa prakAra saMkleza bhAva puNya kA kSaya va pApa kI vRddhi karane vAlA hone se pApAnubaMdhI hotA hai| isI prakAra vizuddhi bhAva kaSAya meM kamI hone va AtmA ke pavitra hone kA sUcaka hai| isase vartamAna meM ba~dhane vAlI tathA bhUtakAla meM ba~dhI huI puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai, pApa prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga kSINa hotA hai tathA pApa prakRtiyoM kA puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai| isa prakAra vizuddhi bhAva pApa kA kSaya va puNya kI abhivRddhi karane vAlA hone se puNyAnubaMdhI kahA jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki pApAnubaMdhI aura puNyAnubaMdhI kA nirNaya saMkleza va vizuddhi bhAva ke AdhAra para hI kiyA jA sakatA hai| isI prakAra udaya ko leN| ghAtI karmoM kI koI bhI prakRti puNya rUpa hotI hI nahIM hai tathA cAroM hI ghAtI karmoM kA udaya 10veM guNasthAna taka baMdha 9veM guNasthAna taka niyama se rahatA hai| yadi inake udaya ko pApa rUpa meM grahaNa kiyA jAya to kevalI ke atirikta zeSa samasta jIvoM meM sadaiva pApa kA hI udaya mAnanA hogaa| jisase pApAnubaMdhI puNya aura puNyAnubaMdhI puNya ina do prakAroM ke abhAva kA prasaMga utpanna ho jaayegaa| ata: yahA~ para udaya meM aghAtI karma kI azubha va zubha prakRtiyA~ hI abhISTa haiM aura unameM bhI yadi taijasa-kArmaNa zarIra, agurulaghu Adi puNya prakRtiyoM ko hI udaya meM grahaNa kiyA jAve to sabhI jIvoM ke sadaiva puNya kA hI udaya mAnanA hogaa| ataH puNya prakRtiyoM se dhavalA TIkA meM mukhyataH sAtA vedanIya ke Page #215 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 166 puNya-pApa tattva udaya ko puNya ke udaya meM evaM asAtAvedanIya ke udaya ko pApa ke udaya meM grahaNa kiyA gayA hai, jo ucita lagatA hai| ataH uparyukta vivecana ke anusAra puNya aura pApa kI caukar3I isa prakAra hai 1. pApAnubaMdhI pApa-asAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM saMkleza bhAvoM se hone vAlA karmabaMdha pApAnubaMdhI pApa hai| 2. puNyAnubaMdhI pApa - asAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM vizuddha bhAvoM se hone vAlA karmabaMdha puNyAnubaMdhI pApa hai| 3. pApAnubaMdhI puNya - sAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM saMkleza bhAvoM se hone vAlA karmabaMdha pApAnubaMdhI puNya hai| 4. puNyAnubaMdhI puNya - sAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM vizuddha bhAvoM se hone vAlA karmabaMdha puNyAnubaMdhI puNya hai| Page #216 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (20) puNya-pApa Asava kA hetu : zuddha-azuddha upayoga puNNassAsavabhUdA aNukaMpA suddhao uvjoo| vivarIo pAvassa hu AsavaheuM viyaannaahi||52|| -jayadhavalA pustaka 1, pRSTha 96 arthAt anukampA aura zuddha upayoga, ye puNyAsrava svarUpa haiM yA puNyAsrava ke kAraNa haiM tathA inase viparIta arthAt adayA aura azuddha upayoga, ye pApAsrava ke kAraNa haiN| isa prakAra Asrava ke hetu samajhanA caahiye| uparyukta gAthA meM zrI vIrasenAcArya ne anukaMpA aura zuddha upayoga ina donoM ko puNyAsrava kA kAraNa batAyA hai| isase prathama tathya to yaha phalita hotA hai ki zuddha upayoga arthAt zuddha bhAva se bhI Asrava hotA hai aura dvitIya tathya yaha phalita hotA hai ki anukaMpA aura zuddha upayoga (zuddha bhAva) ye donoM sahacara va sahayogI haiM arthAt jo kArya upayoga yA zuddha bhAva se hotA hai vahI kArya anukaMpA se bhI hotA hai| tRtIya tathya sAmane AtA hai ki puNyAsrava kA hetu azuddha bhAva yA vibhAva nahIM hai pratyuta zuddha bhAva hI hai| azuddha bhAva yA vibhAva se to pApa kA hI Asrava hotA hai, puNya kA nhiiN| uparyukta tInoM tathya zramaNa saMskRti va karmasiddhAMta ke prANa haiN| zrI vIrasenAcArya ne jayadhavalA kI isa prathama pustaka meM pRSTha 4 para Page #217 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 168 - --- puNya-pApa tattva zubha va zuddhabhAva ko karma kSaya kA kAraNa batAyA hai aura isI pustaka ke pRSTha 96 para dI gaI uparyukta gAthA meM inheM puNyAsrava kA kAraNa batAyA hai| isase yaha spaSTa hotA hai ki jo puNyAsrava ke kAraNa haiM ve hI karmakSaya ke bhI kAraNa haiM arthAt puNyAsrava va karmakSaya ke kAraNa eka hI haiN| isase yaha bhI phalita hotA hai ki puNyAsrava kI vRddhi jitanI adhika hogI utanA hI karmakSaya adhika hogaa| upacAra se kaheM to puNyAsrava karmakSaya meM hetu hai aura yaha niyama hai ki jo karmakSaya kA hetu hai vaha karmabaMdha kA kAraNa nahIM ho sktaa| ata: puNyAsrava karmabaMdha kA kAraNa nahIM ho sktaa| vartamAna meM jaina samAja meM sarvasAdhAraNa meM yaha dhAraNA pracalita hai ki jahA~ Asrava hai, vahA~ karma kA baMdha hai| paraMtu unakI yaha dhAraNA puNya tattva, Asrava tattva va baMdha tattva kI dRSTi se vicAraNIya hai, kyoMki yadi Asrava mAtra baMdha kA kAraNa hotA to Asrava tattva, baMdha tattva kA hI eka rUpa yA bheda hotaa| ye donoM tattva alaga-alaga nahIM hote, paraMtu karma baMdha kA kAraNa kaSAya aura yoga ina donoM ko kahA hai| yoga meM bhI zubha yoga ko karmabaMdha kA kAraNa nahIM kahA hai, pratyuta zubhayoga ko karmakSaya kA kAraNa kahA hai| kyoMki zubhayoga kaSAya meM kamI kA dyotaka hai, jisase karmoM kI sthiti ke kSaya rUpa karmabaMdha kA kSaya niyama se hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki jitanA zubha yA zuddhabhAva bar3hatA jAyegA arthAt sadpravRtti dayA, anukaMpA, tyAga, tapa, saMyama bar3hatA jAyegA utanA puNya kA Asrava bar3hatA jAyegA arthAt puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hatA jAyegA aura isa puNya ke anubhAga ke bar3hane ke sAtha pApa-prakRtiyoM kI sthiti bhI ghaTatI jaayegii| yaha smaraNa rahe ki mithyAtva avasthA meM sadpravRttiyoM se jitanA puNya prakRtiyoM kA Asrava hotA hai arthAt puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA upArjana hotA hai usase asaMkhya-anaMta guNA puNya kA arjana puNyAsrava saMyama-tyAga-tapa se Page #218 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa Asrava kA hetu : zuddha-azuddha upayoga ----- ------- 169 hotA hai paraMtu puNya kI sthiti baMdha kA kAraNa zubha yA zuddha bhAva nahIM hai, puNyAsava ke samaya unake sAtha rahA huA kaSAya rUpa azubha bhAva baMdha kA kAraNa hai| usa vidyamAna kaSAya rUpa pApa se puNya kI sthiti kA baMdha hotA hai| yaha sthiti baMdha hI karmabaMdha hai aura jahA~ kaSAya nahIM hai vahA~ sthiti baMdha nahIM hai| vahA~ karmabaMdha bhI nahIM hai| jaisA ki kahA hai Na ya hiMsAmetteNa ya sAvajjeNAvi hiMsao hoi| suddhassa ya saMpattI alAuttA jinnvrehiN|| _ -jayadhavalA pustaka 1, pRSTha 45 artha-jIva kevala hiMsA karane mAtra se hiMsaka nahIM hotA hai| ata: rAga-dveSa (kaSAya) se rahita zuddha pariNAma vAle jIva ke jo karmoM kA Asrava hotA hai vaha phala rahita hai, aisA jinavara ne kahA hai| yahI bAta oghaniyukti TIkA, gAthA 755 meM kahI hai na ca hiMsAmAtreNa sAvayenApi hiMsako bhvti| kutaH zuddhasya puruSasya karmasaMprAptiraphalA bhaNitA jinvrairiti| isI tathya kI puSTi jayadhavalA pustaka 1, pRSTha 94, gAthA 46-47 meM bhI hotI hai uccAlidammi pAe iriyAsamidassa nniggmtttthaanne| AbAdhejja kuliMgo bharejja taM jogmaasejj||46 Na hi tagyAdaNimitto baMdho suhammo vi desio sme| mucchA pariggaho tti ya ajjhappapamANado bhnnido||47 -tathA oghaniyukti TIkA, gAthA 748-749 arthAt IryA samiti yukta sAdhu ke apane paira ke rakhane para koI prANI unake paira se daba jAya aura usake nimitta se mara jAya to usa prANI ke ghAta ke nimitta se thor3A bhI baMdha Agama meM nahIM kahA hai, kyoMki jaise adhyAtma Page #219 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 170 puNya-pApa tattva dRSTi se mUrcchA (mamatva bhAva) ko parigraha kahA hai, vaise hI kaSAya rUpa rAgAdi pariNAma ko hiMsA yA baMdha kA kAraNa kahA hai| tIrthaGkara nAmakarma Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA Asrava baMdha tAtparya yaha hai ki yogoM ke nimitta se kArmaNa vargaNAoM ke Ane rUpa karma dalikoM kA jo Asrava hotA hai, vaha karma baMdha rUpa nahIM hotA hai| vaha karmabaMdha rUpa avasthA ko tabhI prApta hotA hai jaba usa samaya udayamAna kaSAya ke kAraNa usa karma kI sthiti ba~dhatI hai| sthiti baMdha se hI vaha karma jIva ke sAtha ba~dhA rahatA hai| sthiti baMdha ke abhAva meM ve karmadalika baMdha avasthA ko prApta nahIM hote haiM, jaisA ki kahA hai aNubhAga - -dhavalA pustaka 13, pRSTha 49 'kasAyAbhAveNa -baMdhAbhAvAdo' / arthAt kaSAya ke abhAva meM karma ke pradeza - anubhAga Adi baMdha avasthA ko prApta nahIM hote haiM / kAraNa ki kaSAya se hI sthiti baMdha hotA hai| sthiti baMdha karma ke pradezoM kA hotA hai| pradezoM ke sAtha anubhAga jur3A rahane se vaha bhI pradezoM ke sAtha baMdha avasthA ko prApta hotA hai| isa prakAra kaSAya anubhAga baMdha kA anaMtara va sAkSAt kAraNa na hokara paraMpara kAraNa hai| abhiprAya yaha hai ki puNyAsrava kA saMbaMdha puNya prakRtiyoM ke pradeza rUpa karmadalikoM ke arjana se hai, puNya kI sthiti kaSAya rUpa pApa se ba~dhatI hai| ata: azubha hai| ise samajhane ke lie hama tIrthaGkara nAmakarma ke upArjana rUpa puNyAsrava ko leM, sAtha hI usake utkRSTa sthiti baMdha ke svAmitva para vicAra kareM to yaha rahasya spaSTa ho jaayegaa| pahale yahA~ tIrthaGkara nAmakarma ke upArjana rUpa puNyAsrava ke hetuoM para vicAra karate haiM tIrthaGkara nAmakarma kA puNya prakRtiyoM meM uccatama sthAna hai| isa prakRti ke upArjana ke jJAtAdharmakathAMga sUtra ke adhyayana ATha meM bIsa kAraNa batAye haiM tathA dhavalA, pustaka 8, pRSTha 79 se 91 taka evaM tattvArtha sUtra, adhyAya 6 sUtra 23 meM solaha kAraNa kahe gaye haiN| inameM Avazyaka, Page #220 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ------171 puNya-pApa Asrava kA hetu : zuddha-azuddha upayoga ----- pratikramaNa, niraticAra vratapAlana rUpa zuddha saMyama, vaiyAvRttya rUpa tapa va tyAga bhI hai| isase yaha pramANita hotA hai ki saMyama, tyAga va tapa rUpa jina sAdhanAoM se pApa karmoM kI sthiti va anubhAga kA kSaya hotA hai, unhIM sAdhanAoM se puNya-prakRtiyoM va unake pradeza va anubhAga kA upArjana rUpa Asrava bhI hotA hai| aba puNya prakRtiyoM ke utkRSTa anubhAga ke saMbaMdha meM vicAra kareM to karmagrantha bhAga 5 gAthA 67 tathA paMcasaMgraha bhAga 5 ke anusAra tIrthaGkara nAmakarma, yazakIrti, uccagotra Adi 32 puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha kSapaka zreNI meM apanI baMdhavyucchitti hone ke samaya hotA hai| jaise yazakIrti va uccagotra kI baMdhavyucchitti 10veM guNasthAna ke carama samaya meM hotI hai, usa samaya hI ina puNya prakRtiyoM ke utkRSTa anubhAga hotA hai| arthAt tIrthaGkara nAmakarma, uccagotra Adi 32 puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga antarmuhUrta pazcAt vItarAga kevalajJAnI hone vAle zuddha bhAva ke dhAraka kSapaka zreNI karane vAle zuddha upayoga yukta sAdhaka ke hI hotA hai, anya ke nahIM aura yaha anubhAga mukti meM jAne ke pUrva kSaNa taka utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| ____ tAtparya yaha hai ki tIrthaGkara nAmakarma, uccagotra Adi samasta puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA upArjana zuddha bhAvoM se hI hotA hai azuddha bhAvoM se nhiiN| ata: puNyAsrava kA kAraNa azuddhabhAva mAnanA jaina siddhAMta ke viparIta hai| pUrvokta 'puNNassAsavabhUdA' gAthA meM spaSTa kahA hai ki zuddha upayoga se viparIta arthAt azuddha upayoga meM mAtra pApa kA hI Asrava hotA hai| yaha nahIM kahA ki pApa aura puNya ina donoM kA Asrava hotA hai| ata: puNyAsrava ke kAraNoM ko azuddha upayoga mAnanA jainAgama ke viruddha hai| puNyAsrava ko kahIM bhI doSa rUpa nahIM mAnA hai| jaisA ki bhagavatI sUtra zataka 7 uddezaka 6 meM kahA hai Page #221 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 172--- ------ puNya-pApa tattva kahaM NaM bhaMte! jIvANaM sAyAveyaNijjA kammA kajjaMti? goyamA! pANANukaMpayAe, bhUyANukaMpayAe, jIvANukaMpayAe, sattANukaMpayAe; bahUNaM pANANaM jAva sattANaM adukkhaNayAe, asosaNayAe, ajUraNayAe, atippaNayAe, aNi?NayAe, apariyAvaNayAe; evaM khalu goyamA! jIvANaM sAyAveyaNijjA kammA kjjti| artha-zrI gautamasvAmI pUchate haiM ki he bhagavan! jIva sAtAvedanIya karma kA upArjana kisa prakAra karate haiM? uttara meM bhagavAna pharamAte haiM ki he gautama! prANa, bhUta, jIva aura sattva para anukaMpA karane se, bahuta se prANoM, bhUtoM, jIvoM aura sattvoM ko du:kha na dene se, unheM zoka utpanna na karane se, unheM khedita va pIr3ita na karane se, unako na pITane se, unako paritApa nahIM dene se jIva sAtAvedanIya rUpa puNya karma kA upArjana karate haiN| uparyukta sUtra se spaSTa siddha hotA hai ki anukaMpA karane tathA prANAtipAta na karane rUpa zuddhopayoga se puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| bhagavatI zataka 7 ke isI chaThe uddezaka meM kahA hai ki prANAtipAta se mithyAdarzanazalya taka aThAraha pApa ke tyAga rUpa zuddhopayoga se akarkaza (sukhada) vedanIya karma rUpa puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| isI prakAra bhagavatI sUtra ke zataka 8 uddezaka 7 meM kahA gayA hai- "goyamA! jAiamaeNaM, kulaamaeNaM...."uccagoyakammAsarIrajAva pogbNdhe|" arthAt jAtimada, kulamada, balamada, rUpamada, tapamada, zrutamada, lAbhamada evaM aizvaryamada, ye ATha mada na karane se uccagotra kA prayoga baMdha hotA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki mada yA mAna pApa ke tyAga rUpa zuddhopayoga se uccagotra rUpa puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki 'puNya kA Asrava (upArjana)' pApa ke tyAga rUpa zuddhopayoga se hotA hai, yaha siddhAMta Agama sammata hai| isakA vizeSa vivecana "kaSAya kSaya se puNya kA upArjana' lekha meM kiyA gayA hai| puNyAsrava meM koI doSa nahIM hai, isa saMbaMdha meM kahA hai Page #222 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ------173 puNya-pApa Asrava kA hetu : zuddha-azuddha upayoga ----- pAvAgamadArAiM aNArU vaTThiyAiM jiivmmi| tattha suhAsavadAraM ugghAdete kau sdoso|| -57, kasAyapAhuDa, jayadhavalA pustaka 1, pRSTha 96-97 arthAt jIva meM pApa ke Asrava ke dvAra anAdikAla se sthita haiN| unake rahate hue jo zubha Asrava ke dvAra rUpa puNyAsrava kA udghATana karatA hai vaha sadoSa kaise ho sakatA hai? nahIM ho sktaa| arthAt zubhAsravapuNyAsrava doSa rahita hai| kahA bhI hai sAtAvedanIya..'edAsiM pasattha-payaDINaM visodhIdo anubhAgassa ghAdAbhAvA samayaM paDivisohI vaDDido aNaMtaguNakammaNa edAsimaNubhAgabaMdhassa vaDDidasaNAdo c| -dhavalA pustaka 6, pRSTha 209 arthAt sAtAvedanIya Adi samasta prazasta puNyarUpa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA vizuddhi se ghAta nahIM hotA hai, kintu prati samaya vizuddhi ke bar3hane se anaMtaguNita krama dvArA ina uparyukta puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kI vRddhi dekhI jAtI hai| arthAt vizuddhi se puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM anaMtaguNI vRddhi hotI hI hai| karmaphala kA saMbaMdha anubhAga se hai, pradeza se nhiiN| jaisAki kahA hai"anubhAgabaMdho hi pradhAnabhUta: tannimittatvAt sukhduHkhvipaaksy|" -rAjavArtika 6.3 arthAt anubhAga baMdha hI pradhAna hai, vahI sukha-du:kha rUpa phala kA nimitta hotA hai| prakArAMtara se kaheM to karma kI phaladAna zakti ko hI anubhAga kahA jAtA hai| ___ karmoM ke anubhAga kI nyUnAdhikatA karma ke pradeza para nirbhara nahIM hai| kAraNa ki pradezoM ke adhika bar3hane se 1. sthiti va anubhAga donoM ghaTa sakate haiN| 2. anubhAga bar3ha sakatA hai, sthiti ghaTa sakatI hai| 3. sthiti bar3ha Page #223 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 174 ----- --- puNya-pApa tattva sakatI hai, anubhAga ghaTa sakatA hai| jaise ki 10veM guNasthAna meM jJAnAvaraNIya Adi pApa prakRtiyoM va uccagotra Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha hotA hai va sthiti baMdha jaghanya hotA hai tathA inhIM puNya prakRtiyoM kI mithyAtva guNasthAna meM pradeza vRddhi ke sAtha sthiti bar3ha sakatI hai, anubhAga ghaTa sakatA hai, jaisA ki kahA hai "jogavavido anubhAgavaDDIe abhaavaado|"-dhvlaa pustaka 12, pRSTha 115 arthAt yogavRddhi se anubhAga vRddhi saMbhava nahIM tathA "TThidIe iva padesagalaNAe aNubhAvaghAdo Natthi tti" -kasAya-pAhuDa, pustaka, pRSTha 337 arthAt pradezoM ke galane se jaise sthitighAta hotA hai, vaise anubhAga ghAta nahIM hotA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki pradezoM ke nyUnAdhika hone se anubhAga para koI prabhAva nahIM par3atA hai| isI prakAra sthiti ghaTane se vItarAga kI puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga para koI prabhAva nahIM hotA hai| arthAt puNya prakRtiyoM kI phaladAna zakti pradeza va sthiti para nirbhara nahIM karatI hai, inase prabhAvita nahIM hotI hai| hama pahale kaha Aye haiM ki puNya tattva, Asrava tattva va baMdha tattva ye tInoM tattva bhinna-bhinna haiN| yahA~ inhIM para saMkSepa meM vicAra karate haiN| puNyatattva-puNyAsrava-puNyabaMdha meM aMtara puNyatattva-punAtyAtmAnaM pUyate'neneti punnym| -sarvArthasiddhi 6.3 'puNa' subhe iti vacanAt puNati zubhIkaroti punAti vA pavitrIkarotyAtmAnamiti punnym| -abhidhAnarAjendra koSa bhAga 5, pRSTha 981 arthAt jisase AtmA pavitra ho use puNya kahA jAtA hai| isake viparIta jisase AtmA apavitra ho use pApa kahA jAtA hai| AtmA apavitra hotI hai vikArI bhAva se, vibhAva se| ata: vikAroM meM kamI AnA hI Page #224 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa Asrava kA hetu : zuddha - azuddha upayoga 175 AtmA kA pavitra honA hai| yahI vikAroM meM kamI rUpa vizuddhi bhAva puNya kahA jAtA hai| 'puNya' maMgala rUpa hI hotA hai, jaisA ki kahA hai maMgalasyaikArtha ucyate maMgalaM, puNyaM, pUtaM, pavitraM, prazastaM zivaM, zubhaM, kalyANaM, bhadraM saukhyamityevamAdIni maMgalaparyAyavacanAni / -dhavalA pustaka 1, pRSTha 3 9 arthAta maMgala ke ekArthaka nAma haiM- maMgala, puNya, pUta, pavitra, prazasta, ziva, zubha, kalyANa, bhadra, saukhya ityAdi / ina paryAyavAcI zabdoM meM puNya prazasta, ziva, zubha, kalyANa arthAt mukti rUpa kahA hai| jo puNya ziva va kalyANa rUpa hai, usa puNya ko tyAjya va heya kahanA ziva va kalyANa ko tyAjya kahanA hai| maMgala zabda pApa rUpa mala ko gAlane ke artha kA dyotaka hai| vikAroM meM kamI hokara unakA kSaya honA kalyANakArI hai, mukti dene vAlA hai| isalie puNya ko kalyANa va zivarUpa kahA hai| jisase AtmA pavitra hotI hai, vaha saba puNya rUpa hai, maMgala rUpa hai| samyagdarzana-jJAna cAritra va ahiMsA-saMyama-tapa rUpa dharma ko utkRSTa maMgala rUpa kahA hai arthAt ye ahiMsAdi dharma puNya, ziva va kalyANa rUpa haiN| dharma kI vRddhi ke sAtha puNya ke anubhAga kI vRddhi niyama se hotI hai| ataH puNya aura dharma eka hI sikke ke do pahalU haiN| inako alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| AtmA kA vikArI bhAvoM meM kamI Ane rUpa vizuddhi yA zubha bhAva hI puNya tattva hai| puNya tattva kA saMbaMdha zuddha va zubhabhAva se hai| jisase AtmA pavitra ho vahI puNya hai, vahI dharma hai| ataH puNya va dharma eka hI koTi ke haiN| puNya kA Asrava-kaSAya kI maMdatA, saMyama, tyAga, tapa rUpa zuddhabhAva va anukaMpA, vAtsalya, karuNA, dayA, dAna rUpa sadpravRttiyoM se puNya karma prakRtiyoM kA upArjana hotA hai| inake anubhAga kA arjana hotA hai| yahI puNya kA Asrava kahA gayA hai| yahA~ puNyAsrava meM puNya prakRtiyoM kI sthiti ko nahIM liyA gayA hai, kyoMki yaha niyama hai ki jitanA - jitanA Page #225 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 176 puNya-pApa tattva puNya kA Asrava bar3hatA hai utanA-utanA pApa karmoM ke baMdhanoM kA kSaya hotA hai va puNya kI sthiti meM kamI hotI hai| ata: puNya kA Asrava pApa karmoM ke kSaya kA sUcaka hai aura yaha saMyama, tapa, zuddhabhAva va vizuddhi kA abhivyaktaka bhI hai| ata: puNya kA Asrava heya va tyAjya nahIM hai| jaise roga kama ho yA adhika, asvasthatA kA hI dyotaka hotA hai| kama roga kama asvasthatA kA aura adhika roga adhika asvasthatA kA dyotaka hotA hai| ata: roga kama ho yA adhika, vaha burA hI hai jabaki roga meM kamI kA honA svAsthya vRddhi kA dyotaka hai| isI prakAra kaSAya kama ho to navIna pApa karmoM kA baMdha kama hotA hai aura kaSAya adhika ho to navIna pApa karmoM kA baMdha adhika hotA hai arthAt kaSAya kama yA maMda ho athavA adhika yA tIvra, vaha pApa karma-baMdha kA hI hetu hai| isake viparIta kaSAya meM kamI yA maMdatA hone se pUrva meM ba~dhe saba pApa-puNya karmoM kI sthiti kA evaM pApa karmoM ke anubhAga kA kSaya hotA hai| ataH kaSAya kI maMdatA karmakSaya kA hetu hai, karma baMdha kA nhiiN| jabaki maMda kaSAya karmabaMdha kA hetu hai| maMda kaSAya aura kaSAya kI maMdatA meM utanA hI aMtara hai jitanA asvasthatA meM aura svasthatA meM aMtara hai arthAt ye donoM virodhI avasthAe~ haiN| kyoMki kaSAya kI vidyamAnatA doSa kI, audayika bhAva kI dyotaka hai aura kaSAya kI maMdatA doSa meM kamI hone kI yA nirdoSatA kI pratIka hai| AgamabhASayaupazamika-kSAyopazamika-kSAyikaM bhAvatrayaM bhnnyte| adhyAtmabhASayA puna:zuddhAtmAbhimukhapariNAmazuddhopayoga ityAdi paryAyasaMjJAM lbhte| -samayasAra tAtparyavRtti, gAthA 320 evaM dravya saMgrahaTIkA, 45 Agama bhASA meM aupazamika, kSAyopazamika aura kSAyika ye tInoM bhAva kahe gaye haiM aura adhyAtma bhASA meM zuddhAtmA ke abhimukha pariNAma va zuddhopayoga ityAdi paryAya nAma ko prApta hote haiN| Page #226 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ----- 177 puNya-pApa Asrava kA hetu : zuddha-azuddha upayoga ---- aupazamika, kSAyopazamika aura kSAyika ye tInoM bhAva ghAtI karmoM ke upazama, kSayopazama va kSaya se hote haiN| ata: AtmA kI zuddhi ko bar3hAne vAle haiM aura ye mokSa ke hetu haiN| jina bhAvoM se AtmA kI zuddhi hotI ho, jo mokSa ke hetu hoM una kSayopazama Adi bhAvoM ko zuddhopayoga hI kahA jAyegA, unheM azuddhopayoga nahIM kaha skte| azuddhopayoga tyAjya hI hotA hai tathA bhagavatI sUtra ke prAraMbha meM kahA hai "calamANe cale" arthAt jisane calanA prAraMbha kara diyA ho, use 'calA' kahA jAtA hai| use calA na mAnanA nihnavatA hai, Agama viruddha hai| ata: jisase AtmA kI zuddhi ho vaha zuddhopayoga hai, azuddhopayoga nhiiN| zuddhabhAva se puNyAsrava evaM kSaya zuddhabhAva nirdoSatA kA sUcaka hai aura azuddhabhAva sadoSatA kaa| kaSAya doSa hai| doSa tyAjya hai, cAhe vaha kama ho yA adhik| doSa meM kamI honA zuddhatA meM yA zubhatA meM vRddhi kI dyotaka hai jo pApa kA nAza karane vAlI aura puNya ke upArjana meM vRddhi karane vAlI hai| ye donoM kArya yugapat hote haiM jaisA ki AcArya pUjyapAda ne tattvArthasUtra kI sarvArthasiddha TIkA meM kahA hai yathA'gnireko'pi vikledanabhasmAGgArAdiprayojana upalabhyate tathA tapo'bhyudayakarmakSayaheturityatra ko virodhH| arthAt agni eka hai tathApi usake vikledana se bhasma aura aMgAra Adi aneka kArya upalabdha hote haiM vaise hI taparUpa sAdhanA se abhyudaya (puNya) aura karmakSaya rUpa mukti ye donoM kArya prApta hai, aisA mAnane meM kyA virodha hai, arthAt koI virodha nahIM hai| jaina darzana meM sarvatra pApa ke kSaya va puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi ina donoM ko eka sAtha mAnA gayA hai| namaskAra maMtra ko hI leN| isameM arihaMta, siddha, AcArya, upAdhyAya va sAdhu ina pA~ca padoM ko namaskAra karane kA phala Page #227 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 178 ---- ----- puNya-pApa tattva 'savvapAvappaNAsaNo' evaM 'paDhama havai maMgalaM' kahA hai| arthAt namaskAra saba pApoM kA nAza karane vAlA evaM maMgalakArI hai| yaha sarvavidita hI hai ki sAdhaka jaise-jaise saMyama tapa rUpa sAdhanA se Atmavizuddhi meM vRddhi karatA jAtA hai, vaise-vaise guNasthAna-ArohaNa karatA jAtA hai| jisase pApa karmoM kA kSaya va puNyopArjana adhikAdhika hotA jAtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki Agama va karma siddhAMtAnusAra 1. zuddha va zubha bhAva se karma kSaya tathA 2. puNyAsrava ye donoM kArya yugapat hote haiN| inameM virodha nahIM hai| jaise sUryodaya se aMdhakAra kA kSaya aura prakAza donoM kArya eka sAtha hote haiN| ata: zrI vIrasenAcArya ke ye donoM kathana ki zuddha bhAva se karmakSaya hote haiM aura puNyAsrava hotA hai, samIcIna hai| yuktiyukta va pUrNa rUpa se karmasiddhAMta sammata hai| ye eka hI sikke ke do pahalU haiM jinheM alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| ye donoM kArya jaise zuddha bhAva se hote haiM vaise hI zubhabhAva va zubhayoga se bhI hote haiM kAraNa ki zubhayoga zuddha bhAva kA anusaraNa karatA hai tathA yaha zuddha bhAva kA kriyAtmaka rUpa hai| Age isI para Agama ke pariprekSya meM vicAra karate haiN| uttarAdhyayana sUtra adhyayana 29 ke 10 sUtra meM AyA ki prazna-vaMdaNeNaM bhaMte! jIve kiM jaNayai? vaMdanA karane se jIva ko kyA prApta hotA hai? uttara-vaMdaNeNaM nIyAgoyaM kammaM khavei uccAgoyaM kammaM nibNdhi| arthAt vaMdanA karane se jIva nIca gotra kA kSaya karatA hai aura ucca gotra kA nibaMdhana karatA hai arthAt vaMdanA se pApa karma kA kSaya va puNyAsrava donoM kArya hote haiN| vaMdanA kA hI dUsarA rUpa namaskAra hai| namaskAra ko ThANAMga sUtra ke navama ThANe meM puNya kahA hai| arihaMta, siddha, AcArya Adi pA~ca padoM ke namaskAra rUpa sarvamAnya navakAra maMtra ke mAhAtmya meM use saba Page #228 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -------179 puNya-pApa Asrava kA hetu : zuddha-azuddha upayoga ----- pApoM kA kSaya karane vAlA va utkRSTa maMgala kahA hai arthAt namaskAra maMgala, puNyAsrava va karmakSaya ina sabakA kAraNa hai| __ uparyukta gAthA se vartamAna meM pracalita yaha dhAraNA ki jisase puNya kA arjana yA vRddhi ho vaha azuddha bhAva hai, bhrAMta siddha hotI hai| pahale yaha kaha Aye haiM ki sAdhaka jaise-jaise guNasthAna ArohaNa karatA hai arthAt saMyama, tyAga, tapa cAritra meM Age bar3hatA hai, kaSAya kA kSaya karatA hai vaise-vaise puNya meM vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| yadi puNyAsrava ke kAraNa ko azuddhabhAva mAnA jAya to saMyama, tyAga ko azuddha bhAva mAnanA par3egA, jo siddhAMta viruddha hai tathA aisI dazA meM sAdhaka avasthA meM zuddha bhAva saMbhava hI nahIM hogA aura samasta sAdhanA kA kSetra azuddha bhAva ke aMtargata A jaayegaa| phira azuddha bhAva ko hI karmakSaya kA kAraNa mAnanA hogA, jo ucita nahIM ho sktaa| kAraNa ki dasaveM guNasthAna taka pApa va puNya kA baMdha hotA hai| ata: dasaveM guNasthAna taka azuddha bhAva hI kahA jAyegA aura vItarAga kevalI ko karmakSaya karanA hI nahIM hai, aisI sthiti meM zuddha bhAva se karmakSaya hote haiM, yaha sUtra hI vyartha ho jaayegaa| ata: puNyAsrava ke kAraNabhUta zubha bhAva ko azuddha bhAva mAnanA yukti viruddha hai| jahA~ bhI saMyama va tapa rUpa sAdhanA se karma kSaya honA kahA gayA hai vahA~ karma kSaya se abhiprAya pApa karmoM ke kSaya se hI hai, puNya ke anubhAga ke kSaya se nhiiN| yadi puNya karma ke anubhAga kA kSaya bhI iSTa mAnA jAya to pApa karma bhI sAdhanA ke kSetra meM A jaayeNge| kyoMki puNya prakRtiyoM va unake anubhAga kA kSaya saMkleza bhAva rUpa pApa pravRttiyoM ke atirikta anya kisI se hotA hI nahIM hai| ata: karmoM ke kSaya se abhiprAya pApa prakRtiyoM ke kSaya se hai| puNya-prakRtiyoM ke sthiti-kSaya ke lie koI bhI prayatna va sAdhanA nahIM karanI pdd'tii| pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti ke kSaya ke sAtha puNya prakRtiyoM kI sthiti svata: kSINa ho jAtI hai, kyoMki pApa aura puNya ina Page #229 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 180 ------ ----- puNya-pApa tattva donoM kI prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha va sthiti kSaya kA kAraNa eka hI hai arthAt sthiti baMdha kA kAraNa kaSAya kA udaya hai aura sthiti kSaya kA kAraNa kaSAya kA kSaya va kamI hai| ata: jaise-jaise pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti ghaTatI jAtI hai vaise-vaise puNya prakRtiyoM kI sthiti bhI apane Apa ghaTatI jAtI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki puNya prakRtiyoM kI sthiti ke kSaya ke lie kisI anya sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| sAdhanA kA kArya pApa prakRtiyoM kA kSaya karanA hI hai, puNya prakRtiyoM kA nhiiN| puNya prakRtiyA~ to udaya meM Akara yathAsamaya svata: naSTa ho jAtI haiM, inheM kSaya karane ke lie kisI sAdhanA va prayatna kI AvazyakatA va apekSA nahIM hotii| yaha sarvavidita hai ki puNya kahA hI use jAtA hai jo AtmA ko pavitra va nirmala karatA hai aura usakA upArjana kaSAya kI maMdatA rUpa vizuddhi va zuddha bhAva se hotA hai| isa prakAra puNya kA hetu va bIja saMyama, tapa, tyAga evaM vizuddhi bhAva rUpa saMvara-nirjarA hai| puNya saMvara-nirjarA kI hI abhivyakti kA rUpa hai, kyoMki jaisA bIja hotA hai vaisA hI phala lagatA hai| ataeva puNya ko heya va tyAjya mAnanA saMvara-saMyama-tapa ko heya va tyAjya mAnanA hai| puNya kA virodha karanA saMvara, tapa, nirjarA, samyagdarzana-jJAnacAritra va zuddha bhAva rUpa svabhAva kA hI virodha karanA hai| kAraNa ki jahA~ zuddha bhAva hotA hai vahA~ yoga rahate puNyAsrava niyama se hotA hai| puNyAsrava ke tyAga kA artha hai-samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritra, saMyama, tapa rUpa sAdhanA va zuddha bhAva kA tyaag| mukti ke mArga ke tyAga kA artha hai mukti kA tyaag| isa prakAra puNyAsrava ke tyAga ke phalasvarUpa mokSa va mokSa-mArga kA hI niSedha-viccheda ho jAyegA, jo kisI ko bhI iSTa nahIM ho sktaa| 000 Page #230 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (21) zubha yoga (sadpravRtti) se karma kSaya hote haiM jainAgamoM meM viSaya, kaSAya, hiMsA, jhUTha Adi asad-pravRttiyoM ko sAvadya yoga, azubha yoga va pApa kahA gayA hai tathA dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya, vaiyAvRttya Adi sadpravRttiyoM ko zubha yoga va puNya kahA gayA hai| sAtha hI zubha yoga ko saMvara bhI kahA hai| zubhayoga ko puNya kahane kA Azaya hai ki zubhayoga se AtmA pavitra hotI hai evaM puNya karma kA upArjana hotA hai| zubha yoga ko saMvara kahane kA artha yaha hai ki zubha yoga se karma baMdha nahIM hotA hai tathA yaha bhI kahA gayA hai ki zubha yoga saMvara aura nirjarA rUpa hai arthAt dayA, dAna, anukampA, karuNA, vAtsalya, sevA, paropakAra, maitrI Adi sadpravRttiyoM se karma baMdha nahIM hotA hai, pratyuta karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai| 'zubha yoga se karma baMdha nahIM hotA hai varan karma kSaya hotA hai|' yaha mAnyatA jaina dharma kI maulika mAnyatA hai aura prAcInakAla se paraMparA ke rUpa meM avicchinna dhArA se calI A rahI hai| 'zubha yoga saMvara hai' yaha mAnyatA zvetAmbara sampradAya meM to Aja bhI jyoM kI tyoM vidyamAna hai, kiMtu digambara sampradAya ke anuyAyI ise mAneM athavA na mAneM, paraMtu prAcIna kAla meM digambara sampradAya meM yaha mAnyatA sarvamAnya hI rahI hai| isake aneka pramANa khyAti prApta digambara AcArya zrI vIrasenasvAmI racita prasiddha dhavalATIkA Page #231 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 182 --- --- puNya-pApa tattva evaM jayadhavalATIkA meM dekhe jA sakate haiN| unhIM meM se kasAyapAhuDa kI jayadhavalATIkA se eka pramANa yahA~ uddhRta kiyA jA rahA hai suha-suddha pariNAmehiM kammakkhayAbhAve tkkhyaannuvvttiido| odaiyA baMdhayarA uvasama-khaya-missayA ya mokkhyraa|| bhAvo du pAriNAmio karaNobhayavajjio hoi|| -jayadhavalA, pustaka 1, pRSTha 5 arthAt zubha aura zuddha pariNAmoM se karmoM kA kSaya na mAnA jAya to phira karmoM kA kSaya ho hI nahIM sktaa| kahA bhI hai audayika bhAvoM se karma-baMdha hotA hai| aupazamika, kSAyika aura mizra (kSAyopazamika) bhAvoM se mokSa hotA hai tathA pAriNAmika bhAva baMdha aura mokSa ina donoM ke kAraNa nahIM haiN| uparyukta uddharaNa meM TIkAkAra zrI vIrasenAcArya ne jora dekara spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai ki kSAyopazamika bhAva (zubha bhAva) mokSa kA hetu hai, isase karma kSaya hote haiM, karma-baMdha nahIM hote haiN| karma-baMdha kA kAraNa to ekamAtra udayabhAva hI hai| zrI vIrasenAcArya ne uparyukta prasaMga meM sIdhe zabdoM meM vidhiparaka artha meM yaha nahIM kahA ki zuddha va zubha bhAva se karma kSaya hote haiM pratyuta niSedhAtmaka artha para jora dekara yaha kahA hai ki yadi zuddha va zubha bhAva se karma kSaya na ho to karma kSaya ho hI nahIM skte| zrI vIrasenAcArya ke isa prakAra ke niSedhAtmaka arthaparaka uparyukta kathana se yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai ki usa samaya jaina dharmAnuyAyiyoM meM kisI sampradAya yA AcArya kI yaha mAnyatA rahI hai ki zubhabhAva se karma kSaya nahIM hote haiN| isI mAnyatA kA niSedha karane ke lie AcArya ne uparyukta rUpa se kathana kiyA hai| yadi isa Page #232 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zubha yoga (sadpravRtti) se karma kSaya hote haiM 183 prakAra kI mAnyatA usa samaya pracalita nahIM hotI to usakA niSedha karane kI AvazyakatA hI nahIM pdd'tii| zrI vIrasenAcArya ne zubha bhAva se karma kSaya nahIM hote haiM arthAt karma baMdha hote haiM isa mAnyatA kA khaNDana karane ke lie hI uparyukta rUpa meM joradAra zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| paraMtu uparyukta mAnyatA para jayadhavalA pustaka 1 pRSTha 5 para mAnyavara sampAdaka mahodaya ne 'vizeSArtha' ke rUpa meM apanI TippaNI dete hue likhA hai ki zubha pariNAma kaSAya Adi ke udaya se hI hote haiM kSayopazama Adi se nahIM / isalie jabaki audayika bhAva karmabaMdha ke kAraNa haiM, to zubha pariNAmeM se karmabaMdha hI honA cAhiye, kSaya nahIM / 'zubha bhAva' kaSAya ke udaya se hote haiN| yaha mAnyatA jayadhavala ke saMpAdaka mahodaya kI hI nahIM hai, apitu yaha mAnyatA kucha zatAbdiyoM se jaina dharmAnuyAyiyoM ke aneka sampradAyoM meM ghara kara gaI hai| kAraNa ki zubha bhAvoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa yadi kaSAya ke udaya ko na mAnA jAe to zubha bhAva se karma-baMdha hotA hai yaha nahIM mAnA jA sakatA, jo inako iSTa nahIM hai / uparyukta mAnyatA kA vizleSaNa karane ke lie sarvaprathama yaha vicAra karanA hai ki zubha bhAva kI utpatti kA kAraNa kaSAya kA udaya hai yA nahIM / isa saMbaMdha meM nimnAMkita tathya ciMtanIya haiM kaSAya azubha bhAva hai| azubha bhAvoM ke udaya se zubha pariNAmoM kI utpatti mAnanA mUlataH hI bhUla hai| yaha bhUla aisI hI hai jaise koI kaTu nIma kA bIja (nimbolI) boye aura usake phala ke rUpa meM madhura AmoM kI upalabdhi honA maane| paraMtu niyama yaha hai ki jaisA bIja hotA hai vaisA hI phala prApta hotA hai, ataH kaSAya rUpa azubha pariNAma ke phalasvarUpa zubha pariNAmoM kI utpatti mAnanA bhUla hai| Page #233 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 184--- - puNya-pApa tattva zubha bhAva' kaSAya ke udaya se nahIM kaSAya kI kamI yA maMdatA se hote haiM, kAraNa ki kaSAya kA udaya, baMdha, sattA saba azubha haiM, pApa haiN| kaSAya ke udaya rUpa azubha bhAva ko zubhabhAva mAnanA pApa ko puNya mAnanA hai| pApa ko puNya samajhanA tAttvika bhrAnti hai| zubha bhAva kaSAya meM kamI hone se hote haiN| kaSAya kI kamI karmabaMdha kA kAraNa nahIM hai, pratyuta karma-kSaya kA kAraNa hai| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki zubha bhAvoM kI vidyamAnatA meM jo karmabaMdha hote haiM ve zubha bhAvoM ke sAtha rahe hue kaSAya ke udaya rUpa azubha bhAvoM ke kAraNa se ba~dhate haiM, na ki zubha bhAvoM se| kaSAya se hI saba karmoM kA sthiti baMdha hotA hai| sthiti baMdha hone para hI karma 'baMdha' avasthA ko prApta hote haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki karmoM ke sthiti baMdha kA kAraNa kaSAya rUpa audayika bhAva hai na ki zubha bhaav| ata: vizuddhi yA zubha bhAva yA kSAyopazamika bhAva ko karmabaMdha kA kAraNa mAnanA yukti-yukta nahIM hai| Agama va karma-siddhAMta meM ghAtI karmoM kI kisI bhI prakRti ko zubha nahIM kahA hai| samasta prakRtiyoM ko azubha kahA hai| ata: kaSAya bhAva kA udaya kabhI kahIM para bhI zubha mAnA hI nahIM gayA hai| isake viparIta kaSAya meM kamI hone ko zubha bhAva mAnA gayA hai aura isI ko kSayopazama bhAva bhI kahA gayA hai| isase spaSTa hai ki zubha bhAva yA kSAyopazamika bhAva kaSAyoM ke, pApa prakRtiyoM ke kSayopazama (kamI) se hote haiM, udaya se nhiiN| yadi zubha bhAva kaSAyodaya se hote to inheM audayika bhAva kahA jAtA, kSAyopazamika bhAva nahIM kahA jaataa| zubha bhAvoM ke lie prayukta 'kSAyopazamika' zabda hI isakA spaSTa pramANa hai ki 'zubha bhAva' kaSAya va azubha karmoM ke udaya se na hokara unake kSayopazama se hote haiN| ata: zubha Page #234 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zubha yoga (sadpravRtti) se karma kSaya hote haiM bhAva kI utpatti kaSAya ke udaya se yA kisI bhI azubha Agama-viruddha hai| 185 karmodaya se mAnanA zubha bhAva yA kSAyopazamika bhAva karma kSaya ke kAraNa haiM, ataH dharma rUpa haiN| zubha bhAva kisI bhI aMza meM kisI bhI Atmika guNa kA lezamAtra bhI ghAta nahIM karate haiN| ata: AtmA ke lie kiMcit bhI ghAtaka nahIM haiM aura na kisI bhI rUpa meM heya hI haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki 'zubha bhAva' kaSAya ke udaya se nahIM, pratyuta kaSAya kI kamI va kSaya se hote haiN| kucha logoM kI mAnyatA hai ki zubha bhAva meM prazasta rAga hotA hai, jo baMdha kA kAraNa hai| paraMtu unakI yaha mAnyatA AgamAnukUla nahIM hai, kAraNa ki rAga kA udaya mohanIya se hotA hai aura mohanIya karma va isakI kisI bhI prakRti ko karma-grantha va Agama meM kahIM para bhI zubha nahIM kahA hai| ata: 'rAga' zubha yA prazasta bhI hotA hai, yaha mAnyatA karma-siddhAMta va jainAgama se mela nahIM khAtI hai| vItarAga, deva, guru, dharma va guNIjanoM ke prati jo pramoda bhAva hotA hai vaha rAga nahIM, anurAga hai, prema hai| guru va guNIjanoM ke smaraNa va sAnnidhya se jo prasannatA hotI hai vaha bhoga nahIM, sahaja svabhAva hai| rAga va bhoga vikAra haiM aura prema, pramoda va prasannatA kA bhAva, svabhAva hai| prema, pramoda bhAva, prasannatA va anurAga ko rAga mAnanA bhUla hai| rAga tyAjya hotA hai, anurAga nhiiN| rAga meM AkarSaNa aura bhoga hotA hai| anurAga meM pramoda va prasannatA hotI hai, bhoga nhiiN| maitrI, pramoda, karuNA aura mAdhyastha (taTasthatA) ye cAroM hI bhAva 'zuddha' va 'zubha bhAva' haiM, ata: svabhAva haiM, vibhAva yA doSa nhiiN| svabhAva guNa hotA hai, doSa nhiiN| ata: maitrI, pramoda, karuNA Adi bhAva guNa haiM, doSa nhiiN| doSa nahIM hone se ye vikAra yA vibhAva rUpa nahIM hai| vikAra yA doSa Page #235 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ --- puNya-pApa tattva 186 --- kabhI zubha nahIM hotaa| isI prakAra guNa kabhI doSa rUpa nahIM ho sktaa| doSa se hI karmabaMdha hote haiM, guNa se nhiiN| ata: zubhabhAva rUpa maitrI, pramoda, karuNA, anukampA, vAtsalya Adi bhAvoM ko karma-baMdha va saMsAra bhramaNa kA kAraNa mAnanA bhUla hai| isa bhUla ke rahate mAnavatA kA jAgaraNa hI saMbhava nahIM hai| ___ jahA~ mAnavatA kA hI abhAva hai vahA~ saMyama, tapa, saMvara, nirjarA rUpa dharma va mokSa kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| vahA~ to pazutA va dAnavatA hai, jisakA mAnava jIvana meM koI sthAna nahIM hai| ata: jo maitrI, pramoda, karuNA, vAtsalya, sevA Adi zubha bhAvoM va sadguNoM ko karmabaMdha va saMsAra-bhramaNa kA kAraNa mAnate haiM ve guNa ko doSa, svabhAva ko vibhAva, nirjarA yA mokSa ke mArga ko saMsAra kA mArga mAnate haiN| _ vicAra yaha karanA hai ki 'zubha bhAva' se karma-kSaya hone kI prakriyA kyA hai? isake lie hameM prAcIna karmagranthoM va unakI TIkAoM para dhyAna denA hogaa| prAcIna karmagranthoM va unakI TIkAoM meM zubha bhAva va zubhayoga ke sthAna para 'vizuddhi' zabda kA prayoga huA hai| jisase AtmA vizuddha ho vahI 'vizuddhi' hai| AtmA kI zuddhi hotI hai kaSAyoM meM kamI hone se| arthAt vartamAna meM jitane aMzoM meM kaSAya kA udaya hai una kaSAyAMzoM meM kamI honA vizuddhi hai| yahI AtmA kA pavitra honA bhI hai| ise hI zuddhopayoga va kSayopazama bhAva, dharma va puNya bhI kahA hai| isake viparIta vartamAna meM jitane kaSAyAMza haiM unameM vRddhi hone ko saMkleza kahA gayA hai| saMkleza se AtmA kA adha:patana hotA hai| kaSAyayukta pravRtti hI moha hai| ata: kaSAya kI kamI yA vRddhi honA moha (mohanIya karma) kI kamI yA vRddhi honA hai| kaSAya yA moha Page #236 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ..--- 187 zubha yoga (sadpravRtti) se karma kSaya hote haiM ------ kI kamI honA zuddhopayoga hai aura isI kA kriyAtmaka rUpa zubha pravRtti, zubha yoga yA zubhabhAva hai| yaha zubhapravRtti yA zubhayoga Atmazuddhi kA pratIka hone se dharmarUpa hai aura Atma-pavitratA kA dyotaka hone se puNya rUpa hai| isa rUpa meM zubha bhAva, zubha yoga, dharma evaM puNya samAnArthaka haiM, samAnAntara yA virodhI nahIM haiN| dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya aura maitrI rUpa bhAvoM kI vizuddhi ke prabhAva se karmakSaya kaise hote haiM, yahA~ isI para vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai karmasiddhAMta kA yaha niyama hai ki kaSAya meM kamI hone se zubha bhAva hote haiM, jinase Ayukarma ko chor3akara zeSa sAta karmoM kI sattA meM sthita samasta karma prakRtiyoM ke sthitibaMdha kA niyama se apavartana hotA hai arthAt unake pUrvabaddha sthiti baMdha meM avazya hI kamI hotI hai| sAtha hI sAta karmoM kI samasta pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga baMdha kA bhI niyama se apakarSaNa hotA hai arthAt pUrvabaddha pApa karmoM ke anubhAga meM kamI hotI hai| isa prakAra zubhabhAva se pUrva meM ba~dhe hue pApa karmoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga meM nyUnatA Ane rUpa karmoM kA kSaya hotA hai, jo jIvana ke lie kalyANakArI va upAdeya hai| Age zubhabhAva ke prabhAva se pratyeka karma kA kSaya kaise hotA hai, isa para vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| ___ kaSAya meM kamI yA vizuddhi rUpa zubha bhAvoM se moha meM, mohanIya karma meM kamI AtI hai, jisase AcaraNa meM nirmalatA AtI hai arthAt cAritra guNa kI vRddhi hotI hai evaM vikalpoM meM kamI AtI hai, nirvikalpatA meM vRddhi hotI hai aura samatA puSTa hotI hai| nirvikalpatA kI vRddhi va samatA kI puSTi se darzana guNa kI vRddhi va vikAsa hotA hai jisase darzanAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama hotA hai| Page #237 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 188 ----- puNya-pApa tattva darzana guNa ke vikAsa se tattva kA sAkSAtkAra va viveka kA udaya hotA hai jisase jJAna guNa kA vikAsa hotA hai arthAt jJAnAvaraNIya karma kA kSayopazama hotA hai tathA darzana guNa ke vikAsa se sva-saMvedana zakti kA vikAsa hotA hai| saMvedanazakti ke vikAsa se jar3atA miTatI hai| jisase vedanA ke anubhava kI spaSTatA bar3hatI jAtI hai| zubha bhAva ke dvArA samatA puSTa hone se asAtAvedanIya kA prabhAva ghaTatA hai tathA sAtAvedanIya kA anubhava puSTa hotA hai| darzanaguNa se sva-saMvedana kA vikAsa hotA hai arthAt saMvedana zakti tIvra hotI hai jisase kramaza: sparzanendriya, rasanendriya, ghrANendriya, cakSurindriya aura zrotrendriya kA nirmANa hotA hai va zarIra kI kriyAoM kI saMracanA hotI hai arthAt nAma karma kI zubha prakRtiyoM kA arjana va nirmANa hotA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM kaheM to bhautika vikAsa hotA hai| zuddha va zubha bhAvoM se 'para' kA mahattva va mUlya ghaTatA hai aura sva (AtmA yA caitanya) kA mahattva va mUlya bar3hatA hai usase ucca gotra kA anubhava hotA hai| kAraNa ki 'para' ke AdhAra para apanA mUlyAMkana karane se mUlya 'para' kA hI rahatA hai apanA mUlya ghaTa jAtA hai yA nahIM rahatA hai jisase hInabhAvanA utpanna hotI hai| hInatA kA anubhava hI nIca gotra hai| bhAvoM kI vizuddhi se 'para' kA mUlya ghaTatA hai aura apanA (AtmA kA) mUlya bar3hatA hai, jo ucca gotra kA dyotaka hai| yaha sarvavidita hai ki bhAvoM kI vizuddhi se zubha Ayu ke anubhAga kA utkarSa hotA hai evaM darzana guNarUpa saMvedanazIlatA kI vRddhi se krUratA miTakara karuNAbhAva kI jAgRti hotI hai| karuNA kA kriyAtmaka rUpa sevA yA udAratA hai| udAratA 'dAna' kI dyotaka hai| ata: zubhabhAva se audArya yA Page #238 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ------189 zubha yoga (sadpravRtti) se karma kSaya hote haiM ----- dAna guNa kA vikAsa hotA hai jo dAnAntarAya karma kI kamI (kSayopazama) kA dyotaka hai| zuddha va zubha bhAva se AI kaSAya kI kamI se kAmanA, mamatA, ahaMtA, kartRtvabhAva va bhoktRtvabhAva meM kamI AtI hai| kAmanA kI kamI se abhAva ke anubhava meM kamI hotI hai jo lAbhAMtarAya ke kSayopazama kI dyotaka hai| mamatA kI kamI se 'parabhAva' meM kamI AtI hai, 'svabhAva' kI abhivyakti hotI hai, jisase nija rasa kI abhivRddhi hotI hai aura bhogecchA meM kamI hotI hai| phalata: bhoga ke abhAva ke anubhava meM kamI hotI hai, jo bhogAntarAya ke kSayopazama kI dyotaka hai| ahaMtva meM kamI Ane se 'para' ke prati rAga ghaTatA hai aura tAdAtmya TUTatA hai jisase prema kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| rAga kA rasa kSaNika yA vinazvara hai, tatkSaNa naSTa ho jAtA hai, paraMtu prema kA rasa nita nUtana rahatA hai, usakA bAra-bAra bhoga kiyA jA sakatA hai, jo upabhogAntarAya ke kSayopazama kA dyotaka hai| bhoktRtva bhAva kI kamI se kartRtva bhAva meM kamI AtI hai tathA tyAga kA sAmarthya AtA hai jo vIryAntarAya karma ke kSayopazama kA dyotaka hai| isa prakAra zuddha va zubha bhAva se mohanIya, darzanAvaraNIya, jJAnAvaraNIya, vedanIya, nAma, gotra va aMtarAya karma kI pApa prakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama va kSaya hotA hai sAtha hI aghAtI karma kI zubha (puNya) prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA utkarSa bhI hotA hai| baMdha kisI bhI prakAra kA nahIM hotA hai kyoMki karma-baMdha kA kAraNa rAga aura dveSa hI haiM jo azubha hI haiN| unakA zubha bhAva meM koI sthAna nahIM hai| yahI nahIM, zubha bhAva se azubha (pApa) prakRtiyoM kA saMkramaNa (rUpAntaraNa) zubha (puNya) prakRtiyoM meM hotA hai arthAt pApa pravRttiyoM Page #239 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 190 - --- puNya-pApa tattva duSpravRttiyoM kA udAttIkaraNa hokara ve zubha pravRttiyoM meM pariNata hotI haiM tathA azubha prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga kA apakarSaNa aura zubha prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA utkarSaNa hotA hai, jo AtmA ke utkarSa kA hI dyotaka hai| zubha bhAva se sarvahitakArI pravRtti hotI hai, jisase sabake hRdaya meM zubhabhAva vAle ke prati pramodabhAva hotA hai va prasannatA dene kI bhAvanA rahatI hai| isa prakAra paraspara meM anurAga, pramoda va prema kA AdAna-pradAna hotA rahatA hai jo rAga galAne meM, karma kSaya karane meM sahAyaka hai| zubha bhAvoM se jAne-anajAne jina vyaktiyoM kA hita hotA hai unake hRdaya meM hita karane vAle vyakti ke prati prema umar3atA hai tathA ve usakI sevA va sahAyatA karane meM prasannatA kA anubhava karate haiM, usake saMkalpa va kAryoM ko sampanna karane meM apanA ahobhAgya mAnate haiN| usake sahayoga va sevA ke lie sadA udyata rahate haiN| yaha usake zubha bhAva kA avAntara va AnuSaMgika phala hai| yaha utkRSTa bhautika vikAsa kA dyotaka hai| yadyapi zubha bhAva vAle vyakti ko unakI sevA kI apekSA nahIM hotI hai| usakI AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti prakRti se svata: hotI rahatI hai| yaha abhAva se rahita sadA hI vaibhava sampanna hotA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kaSAya kI kamI rUpa kSAyopazamika bhAva se ghAtI karmoM kA kSayopazama rUpa kSaya hotA hai aura aghAtI karmoM kI zubha prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA utkarSaNa hotA hai| isa prakAra kaSAya ke kSaya rUpa zubha bhAva se cAroM ghAtI karmoM kA kSaya ho anantajJAna, anantadarzana, ananta dAna, ananta lAbha, ananta bhoga, ananta upabhoga, ananta vIrya, kSAyika samyaktva va cAritra kI upalabdhi hotI hai| arthAt prANI kA AdhyAtmika Page #240 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ------191 zubha yoga (sadpravRtti) se karma kSaya hote haiM ---- va bhautika rUpa se sarvAMgINa vikAsa hotA hai, phira use kucha pAnA, jAnanA va karanA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| vaha kRtakRtya ho jAtA hai| zrI vIrasenAcArya ne 'uvasama-khaya-missayA va mokkhayarA' ke dvArA spaSTa kahA hai ki kSAyopazamika bhAva (zubha, zuddha) se karma kSaya hote haiM, karma-baMdha nahIM hote haiN| karma baMdha kA kAraNa eka mAtra udaya bhAva hI hai| ise samajhane ke lie hameM karma-baMdha ke kAraNoM kA vicAra karanA hogaa| karma baMdha cAra prakAra kA hai-1. prakRti baMdha, 2. sthiti baMdha, 3. anubhAga baMdha aura 4. pradeza bNdh| inameM mukhya hai sthiti bNdh| kAraNa ki anubhAga baMdha nirbhara karatA hai pradeza baMdha para, jaisA ki kahA hai 'padesehi viNA anubhaagaannuvvttiido|' arthAt pradeza-baMdha ke binA anubhAga-baMdha nahIM ho sakatA tathA prakRti aura pradeza-baMdha sthitibaMdha ke abhAva meM baMdha saMjJA ko prApta nahIM hotA hai, jaisA ki kahA hai jogA payaDipadesA ThidiaNubhAgA kasAyado hoti| apariNacchiNNesu ya baMdhaTThidi kAraNaM nntthi|| -gommaTasAra karmakANDa, gAthA 257 aura dhavalA pustaka 12, pRSTha 289 arthAt prakRti aura pradeza ye donoM hI baMdha yogoM ke nimitta se hote haiM aura sthiti va anubhAga baMdha kaSAya ke nimitta se hote haiN| kaSAya rahita avasthA sthiti baMdha kA kAraNa nahIM hai, ata: vaha karma baMdha kA kAraNa bhI nahIM hai| isa siddhAMta ko spaSTa karate hue zrI vIrasenAcArya ne kahA hai"sAdAvedaNIyassa baMdho atthi tti ced| Na tassa TThidi-aNubhAgabaMdhAbhAveNa sukkakuDDapakkhittavAluvamuTThivva jIvasaMbaMdhe vidie samae ceva NivaMdatassa bNdhvvesvirohaado|" -dhavalA pustaka 13, pRSTha 54 Page #241 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 192--- --- puNya-pApa tattva arthAt sthiti baMdha aura anubhAga baMdha ke abhAva meM zuSka bhIMta para pheMkI gaI muTThI bhara bAlukA ke samAna, jIva se saMbaMdha hone ke dUsare samaya meM hI patita hue sAtAvedanIya karma ko 'baMdha' saMjJA dene meM virodha AtA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki sthiti baMdha ke abhAva meM karma ThaharatA hI nahIM hai, ata: use karma-baMdha mAnane meM virodha AtA hai| dhavalAkAra ne ise Age spaSTa rUpa se samajhAyA bhI hai tathA jayadhavalA pustaka 1 pRSTha 62-63 para bhI isakA vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki sthiti baMdha hone para hI prakRti, pradeza va anubhAga 'baMdha' avasthA ko prApta hote haiN| sthiti baMdha hotA hai kaSAya se| kaSAya audayika bhAva hai| ata: audayika bhAva hI baMdha kA kAraNa hai| audayika bhAvoM meM bhI gati, jAti Adi saba audayika bhAva baMdha ke kAraNa nahIM haiM, kevala kaSAya rUpa audayika bhAva hI baMdha ke kAraNa haiN| dayA, dAna, anukampA, vaiyAvRttya (sevA), maitrI, pramoda, karuNA, mAdhyasthatA, saralatA, mRdutA Adi samasta sadpravRttiyA~ yA sadguNa kisI karma ke udaya se nahIM hote haiM, ye audayika bhAva nahIM haiN| ata: inheM karma-baMdha kA kAraNa mAnanA siddhAMta ke viruddha hai tathA samasta sadguNa jIva ke svabhAva rUpa hote haiM, vibhAva rUpa nhiiN| vibhAva doSa rUpa hI hotA hai guNa rUpa nhiiN| svabhAva se karma kSaya hote haiM, karmabaMdha nhiiN| dayA, dAna, sevA, paropakAra, anugraha, kRpA Adi samasta sadpravRttiyA~ guNa rUpa hone se zubha rUpa hI hotI haiM, kSaya meM hI hetu haiM, baMdha meM nhiiN| doSa kabhI zubha nahIM hotA, azubha hI hotA hai| ata: doSa se, pApa se, karma ba~dhate haiM guNa se nhiiN| Upara kaha Ae haiM ki sthiti baMdha se hI karma 'baMdharUpa' ko prApta hote haiN| sthiti baMdha hotA hai kaSAya se| ata: kaSAya ke udaya rUpa azubha bhAva para hI karma baMdha nirbhara karatA hai| sthiti ke kSaya se karma kA kSaya hotA hai jaisA ki kahA hai Page #242 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ zubha yoga (sadpravRtti) se karma kSaya hote haiM puvvA saMciyassa kammassa kudo khAo ? TThidikkhayAdo / TThidikhao kuto? ksaaykkhyaado|| 193 -jayadhavalA pustaka 1, pRSTha 57 arthAt pUrva saMcita karma kA kSaya kisa kAraNa se hotA hai ? uttarasthiti ke kSaya se| sthiti kA kSaya kisase hotA hai? kaSAya ke kSaya se| isase yaha tAtparya nikalatA hai ki sthiti ke baMdha se hI karma kA baMdha hotA hai va sthiti ke kSaya se hI karma kA kSaya hotA hai| karma-siddhAMta ke anusAra sthiti baMdha hI baMdha aura sthiti kA kSaya hI karma kSaya hai| yaha siddhAMta puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM para samAna rUpa se lAgU hotA hai tathA sthiti baMdha kaSAya se hotA hai, ata: sthiti baMdha pApa kA ho yA puNya kA, azubha hI hai, jaisA ki kahA hai- "savvANa vi jiTTha ThiI, asubhA jaM sAisaMkileseNaM" ( karmagrantha bhAga 5, gAthA 52, gommaTasAra karmakANDa gAthA 134, tattvArtharAjavArttika adhyayana 6, sUtra 2 ) utkRSTa arthAt samasta karma prakRtiyoM (tIna zubha Ayu ko chor3akara) kA sthiti baMdha utkRSTa saMkleza (kaSAya ) se ba~dhatA hai, ata: sthiti baMdha azubha hI hai, pApa kA dyotaka hai| yahA~ taka ki tIrthaGkara nAmakarma jaisI prakRSTa puNya prakRti kA utkRSTa sthiti baMdha bhI utkRSTa saMkleza se hotA hai| isake viparIta jaise-jaise kaSAya meM kamI Ane rUpa vizuddhi bar3hatI jAtI hai, vaise-vaise puNya kA sthiti baMdha ghaTatA jAtA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jIva jaba apane bhAvoM meM vizeSa vizuddhi hone se samyagdarzana ke sammukha hotA hai usa samaya pApa prakRtiyoM ke sAtha puNya prakRtiyoM kA pahale ba~dhA huA dasa koTAkoTi sAgaropama kA sthiti baMdha bhI ghaTakara aMta: koTAkoTi sAgara kA raha jAtA hai arthAt pApa prakRtiyoM ke samAna puNya prakRtiyoM meM bhI kaSAya kI kamI se sthiti baMdha meM kamI aura kaSAya kI vRddhi se sthiti baMdha meM vRddhi Page #243 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ --- puNya-pApa tattva 194 ----- hotI hai| ata: pApa prakRtiyoM ke samAna puNya prakRtiyoM kA sthiti baMdha bhI azubha hotA hai| ThIka isake viparIta siddhAMta anubhAga para lAgU hotA hai arthAt vizuddhi rUpa kaSAya kI kamI se pApa prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga ghaTatA hai aura puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hatA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaba jIva samyagdarzana ke sammukha hotA hai taba samasta pApa prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga catu:sthAnika se ghaTakara dvisthAnika ho jAtA hai tathA samasta puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga dvisthAnika se bar3hakara catu:sthAnika ho jAtA hai jo Age samasta guNasthAnakoM meM catu:sthAnika hI rahatA hai tathA pApa prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga dvisthAnika se bar3hatA hI nhiiN| (rAjavArttika, 6.3-4) ata: puNya kA saMbaMdha anubhAga baMdha se hai sthiti baMdha se nhiiN| yaha niyama hai ki zubha (puNya) prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga vizuddhi se aura azubha (pApa) prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga saMkleza se hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai- "suhapayaDINa visohI tivvo asuhANa sNkilesenn|" (gommaTasAra karmakANDa, gAthA 163) yahA~ 'vizuddhi' zabda udayamAna kaSAya meM kamI hone ke artha meM AyA hai| isakA abhiprAya yaha hai ki kaSAya meM jitanI-jitanI kamI hotI jAtI hai utanA-utanA puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hatA jAtA hai va puNya prakRtiyoM kI sthiti ghaTatI jAtI hai| (sAtha hI sAtha pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti aura anubhAga donoM bhI ghaTate haiN|) phalataH jaba puNya prakRti kA anubhAga utkRSTa avasthA meM pahu~catA hai to usakA sthiti baMdha ghaTate-ghaTate jaghanya avasthA ko prApta hotA hai aura phira Age sthiti ba~dhanA baMda ho jAtA hai aura anubhAga utkRSTa kA utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| tapa-saMyama, saMvara-nirjarA rUpa kisI sAdhanA se puNya ke utkRSTa anubhAga meM aMza mAtra bhI kamI nahIM hotI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaba jIva mukti meM jAtA hai to usa samaya puNya kA utkRSTa anubhAga hI hotA hai| yahA~ taka ki vItarAga avasthA meM kevalI samudghAta va yoganirodha se bhI puNya ke utkRSTa anubhAga meM kiMcit bhI kamI nahIM hotI hai, jaisA ki kahA hai Page #244 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ------- 195 zubha yoga (sadpravRtti) se karma kSaya hote haiM ----- suhANaM payaDINaM visohido kevalisamugghAdeNa jogaNiroheNa vA anubhAga-ghAdo Natthi tti jaannvedi| khINakasAyasajogIsu TThidiaNubhAgaghAdesu saMtesu vi suhANaM payaDINaM aNubhAgaghAdo patthi tti atthAvattisiddhaM / -dhavalA pustaka 12, pRSTha 18 artha-zubha prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA ghAta vizuddhi, kevalI samudghAta va yoga nirodha se nahIM hotaa| kSINa kaSAya va sayogI guNasthAnoM meM sthiti ghAta va anubhAga ghAta hone para bhI zubha prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA ghAta nahIM hotA hai| ata: ayogI guNasthAna meM zubha prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga hotA hai| __ abhiprAya yaha hai ki vItarAga kevalI ke saba puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga hotA hai aura mukti-prApti ke samaya taka vaha utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| isameM lezamAtra bhI kamI nahIM hotI hai| sabhI karmoM kI sthiti ke kSaya ho jAne ke kAraNa deha chUTa jAne ke sAtha sarva puNya aura unake phala bhI chUTa jAte haiN| puNya kA kSaya kisI bhI sAdhanA se kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-sammatteNa sudaNANeNa ya, viradIe kasAyaNiggahaguNehiM jo pariNado so punnnno| (mUlAcAra, gAthA 234) arthAt jo samyaktva, zrutajJAna, virati (mahAvrata-saMyama), kaSAya-nigraha rUpa guNoM meM pariNata hotA hai, vaha puNya hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki saMyama va cAritra se bhAvoM kI vizuddhi meM vRddhi hotI hai jisase puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| yaha vizuddhi sAdhanA ke utkRSTa rUpa kSapaka zreNI meM vizeSa hotI hai, ata: cAritra kI kSapaka zreNI ke samaya utkRSTa sAdhanA se puNya ke utkRSTa anubhAga kA sarjana hotA hai| vItarAga avasthA meM jaba cAritra yathAkhyAta rUpa se pUrNatA ko prApta ho jAtA hai| taba puNya bhI apanI pUrNatA ko, utkRSTa avasthA ko prApta ho jAtA hai| utkRSTa ho jAne se phira Age bar3hane kI guMjAiza nahIM rhtii| ata: Page #245 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 196 puNya-pApa tattva vItarAga avasthA meM sadA puNya kA anubhAga utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai-"sammadiTThI Na haNai subhANubhAgaM" (paMcasaMgraha, bhAga 7, gAthA 90) arthAt samyagdRSTi zubha prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA hanana (rUpa kSaya) nahIM karatA hai / yaha aTala niyama hai ki puNya kA anubhAga saMyama, tapa, cAritra Adi samasta sAdhanAoM kI vRddhi se bar3hatA hI hai, ataH puNya kA anubhAga kisI bhI sAdhanA se kSaya nahIM ho sktaa| phira bhI yadi kisI ko puNya ke anubhAga kA kSaya iSTa hI ho to usakA ekamAtra upAya hai-saMkleza bhAva / pApa kI vRddhi hI ekamAtra puNya ke anubhAga ke kSaya kA upAya hai, anya koI upAya merI jAnakArI meM nahIM hai| yaha niyama hai ki zubha pariNAmoM kI vRddhi se puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai jisase pApa prakRtiyoM ke sthitibaMdha tathA anubhAga baMdha va puNya prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha kA kSaya hotA hai / ata: 'zubha bhAva karmakSaya ke hI kAraNa haiM, karma-baMdha ke nhiiN|' yaha mAnyatA yA siddhAMta akele zrI vIrasenAcArya kA hI ho so nahIM hai, pratyuta zvetAmbaradigambara sampradAya ke samasta karma - siddhAMta viSayaka vAGmaya - yathA, bhagavatIsUtra, pannavaNA, chaha karmagraMtha, kammapayaDi, paMcasaMgraha, SaTkhaNDAgama, kasAyapAhuDa, gommaTasAra, karmakANDa Adi mUla granthoM va inakI TIkAoM meM bhI uparyukta siddhAMta pUrNa rUpa se mAnya hai| isameM kisI kA bhI vicArabheda yA matabheda nahIM hai| vistAra ke bhaya se yahA~ ina saba granthoM ke pramANoM ko prastuta nahIM kiyA gayA hai| Page #246 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (22) anukampA se puNyAsava va karma-kSaya donoM hote haiM zrI vIrasenAcArya ne kasAyapAhuDa kI jayadhavalA TIkA kI pustaka 1 ke pRSTha 52 para 'puNNAssavabhUdA' gAthA meM puNyAsrava kA kAraNa anukampA va zuddhopayoga ko batAyA hai| isase yaha tathya prakaTa hotA hai ki jo kArya zuddha bhAva se hote haiM, ve hI kArya anukampA se bhI hote haiN| kyoMki zubha bhAva zuddha kA hI kriyAtmaka rUpa hai| vAstavikatA to yaha hai ki zuddha bhAva se AtmA nirmala, pavitra hotI hai jisase AtmA ke darzana guNa kA lakSaNa 'saMvedanazIlatA' bar3hatA hai| yaha saMvedanazIlatA anukampA, vAtsalya, dayA, karuNA bhAva ke rUpa meM prakaTa hotI hai| ye saba darzana (sva-saMvedana) guNa kI hI abhivyaktiyA~ haiM, ata: svabhAva haiN| uttarAdhyayana sUtra adhyayana 28 gAthA 30 meM samyagdarzana ke ATha AcAra kahe haiM, unameM eka vAtsalya bhI hai| vasunandI zrAvakAcAra meM gAthA 49 meM samyagdarzana ke ATha guNa kahe gae haiM, unameM vAtsalya aura anukampA bhI haiN| samyagdarzana ke pA~ca lakSaNa kahe haiM, unameM anukampA bhI hai| Azaya yaha hai ki anukampA va vAtsalya samyagdarzana ke abhinna aMga haiN| samyagdarzana svabhAva hai| svabhAva hone se dharma hai| isaliye samyagdarzana ke Page #247 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 198 puNya-pApa tattva abhinna aMga hone se anukampA, vAtsalya bhI svabhAva hI haiN| svabhAva hone se ye dharma bhI haiM tathA zuddha bhAva bhI haiN| inheM zuddha bhAva se alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isaliye jo kArya zuddha bhAva se hotA hai, vahI kArya anukampA evaM vAtsalya se bhI hotA hai| karuNA bhI anukampA kA hI rUpa hai, isaliye karuNA bhI jIva kA svabhAva hai| dhavalA kI 13vIM pustaka pRSTha 361-362 para zrI vIrasenAcArya ne 'karuNA jIvasahAvo' kahA hai| yadi anukampA, vAtsalya ko vibhAva mAnA jAye to samyagdarzana ko bhI vibhAva mAnane kA prasaMga upasthita hogA, jo kisI ko iSTa nahIM hai| anukampA, vAtsalya, karuNA rUpa svabhAva yA zuddha bhAva kA kriyAtmaka rUpa dayAlutA, sevA, paropakAra, sadAcAra hai| ata: inase bhI vahI kArya hotA hai jo saMyama, tapa, tyAga, dhyAna, cAritra, svAdhyAya Adi sAdhanAoM va zuddha bhAvoM se hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki duSpravRttiyoM yA pApa kartRtva bhAva ke binA nahIM hote| unake sAtha karane ke rAga rUpa kartRtva evaM phala kI AzA rUpa bhoktRtva bhAva lagA hI rahatA hai, paraMtu sadpravRttiyA~ svAbhAvika va sahaja hotI haiM / unameM karane kA bhAva apekSita nahIM hai| kAraNa ki karane kA bhAva bhoktRtva bhAva se utpanna hotA hai arthAt kisI kriyA ke phala se sukha bhogane kI AzA se kartRtva bhAva paidA hotA hai| viSaya-kaSAya ke sukha bhoga kA prabhAva caitanya para aMkita honA, sthita honA hI karmabaMdha yA sthiti baMdha hai| apane bhoga ke sukha ke rAga ko gAlane ke lie hI sAdhaka sadpravRtti rUpa paropakAra karatA hai| usa pravRtti se jitanA-jitanA bhoga kA rAga galatA jAtA hai vaha pravRtti utanI hI pavitra hotI jAtI hai| usakA anubhAva, anubhAga utanA Page #248 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ anukampA se puNyAsrava va karma-kSaya donoM hote haiM ------ -----199 hI bar3hatA jAtA hai sAtha hI sthiti ghaTatI jAtI hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki baMdha kA kAraNa pravRtti ke sAtha rahA huA karane kA rAga va phalAsakti rUpa kartRtva-bhoktRtva hai| kartRtva-bhoktRtvabhAva rahita sahaja svabhAva va guNa kA vyakta rUpa hone se baMdha kA kAraNa nahIM hai| svabhAva kabhI bhI baMdha rUpa nahIM hotA hai| baMdha vibhAva yA doSa se hI hotA hai| ata: karma siddhAMta meM puNya prakRtiyoM kA jo baMdha kahA hai, vaha usa pravRtti meM rahe huye karane ke rAga va phalAsakti rUpa kartRtva aura bhoktRtva bhAva rUpa pApa (kaSAya) ke kAraNa se hai, puNya ke kAraNa se nhiiN| 000 Page #249 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (23)] Atma vikAsa, sampannatA aura puNya-pApa pUrva lekhoM meM yaha kaha Ae haiM ki aghAtI karmoM kI puNya prakRtiyA~ vItarAgatA va sAdhanA meM bAdhaka nahIM haiN| isase yaha jijJAsA utpanna honA svAbhAvika hai ki kyA aghAtI karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyA~ vItarAgatA meM bAdhaka haiM? yadi bAdhaka haiM to inheM aghAtI kaise kahA gayA? jisase AtmA pavitra ho, zuddha ho aisA vizudayamAna car3hatA pariNAma puNya tattva hai| AtmA kA pavitra honA AtmA kA vikAsa honA hai| AtmA kI pUrNa vikasita avasthA hI mokSa hai| puNya kI yaha paribhASA puNya tattva kI dRSTi se hai, puNya karma kI dRSTi se nahIM hai| puNya tattva kA saMbaMdha AtmA kI pavitratA se, Atma guNoM ke prakaTa hone se hai aura puNya karmoM kA saMbaMdha puNya tattva ke phala ke rUpa meM milane vAle zarIra, indriya, mana, mastiSka Adi sAmagrI va sAmarthya kI upalabdhi se hai| saMsArI avasthA meM puNya tattva Atma-vikAsa kA aura puNya karma bhautika vikAsa kA sUcaka hai| ina donoM vikAsoM meM paraspara ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai| yaha niyama hai ki prANI kA jitanA AdhyAtmika vikAsa hotA jAtA hai utanA hI bhautika vikAsa bhI svata: hotA jAtA hai| puNya tattva se viparIta pApa tattva hai| jisase AtmA kA patana ho, Page #250 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Atma vikAsa, sampannatA aura puNya-pApa ----- -------201 Atma guNoM kA hrAsa ho, hanana ho, AtmA kI azuddhi bar3he, aise saMklizyamAna, girate pariNAmoM ko pApa tattva kahA gayA hai| pApa tattva se do kArya hote haiM-1. AtmA ke jJAna, darzana, RjutA, mRdutA Adi guNoM kA ghAta arthAt hrAsa hotA hai arthAt indriya, prANa Adi kI upalabdhi meM, inake anubhAga meM kamI AtI hai| inheM hI karma siddhAMta meM aghAtI karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyA~ kahA gayA hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa-hAsa kA saMbaMdha ghAtI karmoM ke kSaya, upazama va kSayopazama se hai| samasta ghAtI karma prakRtiyoM kA baMdha, sattA va udaya pApa rUpa hI hai| ina ghAtI karmoM kI koI bhI prakRti puNya rUpa nahIM hai| ghAtI karmoM ke udaya se Atma-guNoM kA ghAta-hrAsa hotA hai| isake viparIta kaSAya Adi doSoM meM kamI hone se, AtmA kI pavitratA se, puNya se, ghAtI karmoM kA kSayopazama, kSaya va upazama hotA hai jisase Atma-guNa prakaTa hote haiM, arthAt Atma-vikAsa hotA hai| bhautika vikAsa-hrAsa kA saMbaMdha aghAtI karmoM se haiN| aghAtI karma kI puNya prakRtiyA~ bhautika vikAsa va sAmarthya kI evaM pApa prakRtiyA~ bhautika hrAsa kI dyotaka haiN| aghAtI karmoM kI puNya va pApa prakRtiyoM meM jAtIya ekatA hai| ye sabhI zarIra, indriya Adi bhautika upalabdhiyoM ke rUpa meM udaya hotI hai| inameM bhinnatA taratamatA kI hI hai| ucca stara kI bhautika upalabdhiyoM ko pApa prakRtiyA~ kahA gayA hai| jaise indriyoM kI upalabdhi ko hI leN| jo jIva ekendriya haiM unheM bhI eka sparza indriya kI bhautika upalabdhi hai| yahI jIva ekendriya se vikAsa kara dvIndriya ho gayA taba ise sparzana aura rasanA ina do indriyoM kI upalabdhi huii| usakA yaha dvIndriya honA AtmavikAsa kA evaM anaMta puNya vRddhi kA sUcaka hai| isI prakAra usakA trIndriya, caturindriya aura paMcendriya honA kramaza: vizuddhibhAva kI va Atma-vikAsa Page #251 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 202 puNya-pApa tattva kI vRddhi evaM uttarottara anaMta - anaMta guNI puNya kI vRddhi kA sUcaka hai| kAraNa ki sparzana, rasanA, ghrANa, cakSu aura zrotra ina pA~coM indriyoM kI upalabdhi sparzanendriya-matijJAnAvaraNa Adi pA~coM matijJAnAvaraNa karmoM ke bhedoM ke kSayopazama se hotI hai| ata: inameM se kisI bhI indriya kA milanA puNya kA phala hai| paraMtu paMcendriya se caturindriya, trIndriya, dvIndriya, ekendriya honA kramaza: saMklezabhAva kA, Atma- hrAsa kA evaM uttarottara anaMta-anaMta guNI pApa kI vRddhi kA sUcaka hai| isa prakAra ekendriya, dvIndriya, trIndriya, caturindriya kI upalabdhi hone se vizuddhibhAva aura isase viparIta krama meM saMkleza hetu haiN| isI prakAra yahI tathya saMhanana, saMsthAna Adi anya puNyapApa kI prakRtiyoM para bhI caritArtha hotA hai / aghAtI karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyA~ bhautika upalabdhiyoM meM sAmarthya kI kamI evaM AdhyAtmika vikAsa meM kamI kI sUcaka haiN| tAtparya yaha hai ki aghAtI karmoM kI prakRtiyoM kA udaya bhautika sAmagrI kI upalabdhiyoM kA hetu hai / ina prakRtiyoM kI sattA va udaya jIva ke lie kiMcit bhI ahitakara va ghAtaka nahIM hai / aghAtI karmoM kI 101 prakRtiyoM meM se 85 prakRtiyoM kI sattA caudahaveM ayogIkevalI guNasthAna meM dvicarama samaya taka rahatI hai jinameM asAtAvedanIya, nIca gotra, anAdeya, ayazakIrti meM bAdhaka nahIM haiN| isI prakAra aghAtI karmoM ke udaya se prApta zarIra-indriya Adi bhautika sAmagrI va sAmarthya bhI svayaM kisI jIva ke lie hitakara-ahitakara nahIM hai / hitakara - ahitakara hai inakA sdupyogdurupyog| aghAtI karmoM se prApta sAmagrI va sAmarthya kA upayoga viSayakaSAya meM, bhoga-vAsanA kI pUrti meM karanA inakA durupayoga hai jo ahitakara hai tathA inakA upayoga doSoM ke tyAga evaM sadpravRttiyoM meM karanA sadupayoga hai, jo hitakara va kalyANakArI hai| Page #252 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Atma vikAsa, sampannatA aura puNya-pApa ---- ------ 203 __ aghAtI karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyoM ke udaya se pratikUla evaM du:khada paristhiti kA nirmANa hotA hai jo AdhyAtmika vikAsa kI kamI kA arthAt viSaya-kaSAya ke vikAroM ke udaya kA sUcaka hai| ata: du:khada paristhiti se chuTakArA tabhI saMbhava hai jaba ina doSoM kA tyAga kiyA jAya yathA-pratikUla paristhiti meM azAMti va tanAva kA du:kha kAmanA se, hInabhAva va dInabhAva kA duHkha mada-mAna se, vairabhAva kA du:kha mAyA va dveSa se, daridratA kA du:kha lobha se, parAdhInatA kA duHkha mamatA se, asvasthatA kA du:kha asaMyama se, bhaya, ciMtA, zoka Adi kA duHkha bhogoM ke sukhoM ke pralobhana se utpanna hotA hai| ata: kAmanA, mAna, mAyA, lobha, mamatA, asaMyama, svArthaparatA evaM viSaya sukhoM ke pralobhana ke tyAga se ina duHkhoM se mukti mila jAtI hai aura zAMti, aizvarya, mRdutA mAdhurya, prIti, svAdhInatA, svasthatA, udAratA, nizciMtatA, prasannatA Adi AdhyAtmika sukhoM kA anubhava hotA hai tathA prANa, bala, buddhi, mana, mastiSka Adi kI zakti meM vRddhi hotI hai| ata: pratikUla paristhiti va du;khoM se mukti pAne kA upAya doSoM kA tyAga karanA hai| pratikUla paristhiti meM du:khI hokara ArttadhyAna karanA, ina duHkhoM se mukti pAne ke lie ina duHkhoM ke kAraNabhUta kAmanA, mamatA, ahaMtA Adi doSoM ko na miTAkara, bAhya sAmagrI se miTAne kA prayAsa karanA paristhiti kA durupayoga hai jo du:kha kI paraMparA ko bar3hAne vAlA hai| isI prakAra aghAtI karmoM kI puNya prakRtiyoM se prApta anukUla paristhiti kA arthAt zarIra, indriya Adi sAmagrI va sAmarthya kA upayoga dayA, dAna, sevA Adi sarvahitakArI sadpravRttiyoM meM karanA inakA sadupayoga hai| isase udayamAna rAga va kaSAya galatA hai, viSaya sukhoM kI dAsatA se chuTakArA milatA hai aura utkRSTa bhogoM kI upalabdhi hotI hai arthAt use kisI bhI vastu kI AvazyakatA va abhAva kA anubhava nahIM hotA hai| vaha sadaiva prasanna Page #253 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 204 puNya-pApa tattva evaM aizvarya sampanna rahatA hai| vaha saMsAra ke pIche nahIM daur3atA hai, saMsAra usake pIche daur3atA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki aghAtI karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyoM ke udaya kA sadupayoga doSoM ke tyAga meM hai aura puNya prakRtiyoM se prApta sAmagrI va sAmarthya kA sadupayoga sarvahitakArI pravRtti karane meM hai / inake sadupayoga se nirdoSatA va vItarAgatA kI upalabdhi hotI hai| inakA upayoga kaSAya-viSaya ke sevana meM karanA inakA durupayoga hai jo samasta du:khoM va saMsAra paribhramaNa kA kAraNa hai| ata: aghAtI karmoM kA sadupayoga-durupayoga upayoga-karttA ke bhAvoM para nirbhara karatA hai, ina karmoM ke udaya para nahIM / Azaya yaha hai ki aghAtI karmoM kI puNya-pApa prakRtiyA~ kramazaH Atma-vikAsa va hrAsa kI dyotaka haiN| ye svayaM Atma-vikAsa va hrAsa nahIM karatI haiM, apitu kArya-siddhi meM kriyA va karaNa kA kAma karatI haiN| kriyA va karaNa guNa-doSa rahita hote haiN| inameM jo guNa-doSa pratIta hote haiM, ve karttA ke zubhAzubha bhAvoM va bhAvoM ke dvArA kI gayI zubhAzubha kriyAoM ke sUcaka hote haiN| kAryasiddhi meM karttA ke bhAvoM ko kriyAtmaka rUpa dene ke lie kriyA Avazyaka hai va kriyA ke lie sAdhana-sAmagrI kA sahayoga bhI apekSita hotA hai| ata: mukti prApti meM audArika zarIra, paMcendriya jAti, manuSya gati, ucca gotra, subhaga, Adeya Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA udaya Avazyaka hai| puNya prakRtiyoM ke udaya kA abhAva Atma-vikAsa meM kamI kA sUcaka hai| yaha niyama hai ki jitanA - jitanA Atma - vikAsa hotA jAtA hai, utanA-utanA puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA udaya bar3hatA jAtA hai| doSoM kA, pApoM kA AMzika tyAgakara dezavratI zrAvaka hone para svataH durbhaga, anAdeya, ayazakIrti Adi pApa prakRtiyoM kA udaya rukakara subhaga, Adeya, yazakIrti Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA udaya hone lagatA hai| jaba AtmA kSapaka zreNI kI sAdhanA se apanA pUrNa Atma-vikAsa kara vItarAga ho jAtI hai, Page #254 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Atma vikAsa, sampannatA aura puNya-pApa ---- ------- 205 taba samasta puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga svataH utkRSTa ho jAtA hai| sAtAvedanIya, ucca gotra, Adeya Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA anutkRSTa anubhAga Atma-vikAsa kI apUrNatA kA, pApa pravRttiyoM kI vidyamAnatA kA sUcaka hai| AtmA kA utkRSTa pUrNa vikAsa zarIra, indriya, mana, buddhi Adi prApta sAmagrI va sAmarthya ke sadupayoga se hI saMbhava hai| koI bhI paristhiti aisI nahIM hai jisakA sadupayoga karane para vaha sAdhanA meM sahAyaka na ho| paristhiti kA sadupayoga svAdhyAya, tattvacarcA, satciMtana, sevA Adi sadpravRttiyoM meM karanA guNa hai| paraMtu kisI bhI guNa ke badale meM kucha cAhanA bhoga hai| usa guNa kA garva karanA, usameM apanI garimA mAnanA va sammAna cAhanA abhimAna hai| guNa kA abhimAna aura bhoga doSa hai| doSa koI bhI ho vaha guNa kA nAzaka Atma-vikAsa meM bAdhaka evaM puNya ke anubhAga kA ghAtaka hotA hai| ata: vItarAga va mukti patha ke sAdhaka ke lie abhimAna Adi doSoM se rahita guNa hI upAdeya hai| vItarAga ke atirikta sabhI jIvoM meM AMzika guNa-doSa vidyamAna haiM arthAt rAga-dveSa, viSaya-kaSAya Adi doSayukta guNa sabhI prANiyoM meM haiN| doSa guNa kA ghAtaka hai| ata: jitane aMzoM meM doSa hai, utane aMzoM meM hI guNoM meM kamI hai| doSoM ke tyAga meM guNa kI upalabdhi hai| rAga-dveSa yukta sadpravRtti tathA saMyama meM rAga-dveSa Adi doSa yA pApa hI tyAjya hai; saMyama, sadpravRtti, zubha yoga tyAjya nahIM hai| zubha yoga ke abhAva meM azubha yoga niyama se hotA hai| ata: zubha yoga yA puNya tyAjya nahIM hai| ___saMkSepa meM kaheM to aghAtI karmoM se nirmita sukhada paristhiti kA sadupayoga sevA meM hai aura du:khada paristhiti kA sadupayoga tyAga meM hai| du:khiyoM ko dekhakara karuNita honA aura sajjanoM-guNiyoM ko dekhakara pramudita Page #255 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 206--- --- puNya-pApa tattva honA zreSTha sevA hai| zarIra Adi prApta vastuoM kI mamatA, aprApta vastuoM kI kAmanA evaM abhimAna rahita honA hI vAstavika tyAga hai| sadpravRtti rUpa sevA karane aura duSpravRtti kA tyAga karane meM hI pratyeka paristhiti kA sadupayoga hai| paristhitiyoM ke sadupayoga se pApa kA nirodha (saMvara) aura nirjarA evaM puNya kA Asrava va anubaMdha hotA hai| pApa ke nirodha va nirjarA se AtmA zuddha hotI hai jisase sabhI paristhitiyoM se atIta nija svarUpa kA anubhava hotA hai| parantu kisI bhI paristhiti se sukha kA bhoga karanA paristhitiyoM kI parAdhInatA, dAsatA meM Abaddha honA hai, jo samasta du:khoM kA hetu hai| duHkha svabhAva se hI kisI ko bhI iSTa nahIM hai| ata: pratyeka paristhiti kA sadupayoga Atma-vikAsa kI sAdhanA meM karanA hai| isakA upayoga sukhabhoga meM karanA ghora asAdhana va du:kha kA hetu hai, jo sabhI ke lie tyAjya hai| vartamAna yuga meM bhautika vikAsa viSaya-bhogoM kA vardhana karane vAlI vastuoM kI upalabdhi va saMgraha se mAnA jAtA hai| jisa vyakti samAja-deza ke pAsa bhogya vastuoM kI jitanI pracuratA hai vaha utanA hI adhika bhautika dRSTi se sampanna mAnA jAtA hai, paraMtu yaha dhAraNA sahI nahIM hai, kAraNa ki vikAsa use kahA jAtA hai jisase prANI kA hita ho| prANI kA hita prApta paristhitiyoM ke saduyoga meM hai athavA jIvana kI naisargika AvazyakatAoM yathA bhojana, vastra, pAtra, makAna, zikSA va cikitsA kI pUrti karane meM hai, bhoga bhogane meM nahIM hai| kAraNa ki bhoga kA sukha zaktihInatA, parAdhInatA, jar3atA va abhAva meM Abaddha karane vAlA hai tathA svArthaparatA, hRdaya hInatA, nirdayatA, abhAva, ciMtA, dvandva, saMgharSa Adi samasta du:khoM va doSoM ko paidA karane vAlA hai| vizva meM koI du:kha va burAI aisI nahIM hai jisakA kAraNa viSaya-vAsanA janya sukha na ho| bhoga kI sukha-lolupatA meM Abaddha hone se Page #256 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ----207 Atma vikAsa, sampannatA aura puNya-pApa ---- bhautika avanati hI hotI hai| yaha niyama hai ki jo mAnava apane vyaktigata sukha ko mahattva detA hai vaha parivAra ke lie anupayogI hotA hai, jo apane parivAra ke sukha meM saMtuSTa hotA hai vaha samAja ke lie anupayogI hotA hai| isI prakAra jo apane varga, deza, samAja, sampradAya jAti kI unnati ko hI unnati mAnatA hai vaha dUsare varga, pradeza, samAja Adi ke lie ahitakara hotA hai, yaha bhautika avanati hai| yaha niyama hai ki jo dUsaroM ke lie ahitakara hotA hai usase usakA bhI ahita hI hotA hai| isI prakAra jo sabhI ke hita meM rata rahatA hai usakA hita avazya hotA hai| yaha bhautika unnati hai| sarva hitakArI dRSTi se naisargika AvazyakatAoM kI pUrti karanA bhautika unnati hai aura apane vyaktigata, sukha ke lie vastuoM kA saMgraha karanA bhautika avanati hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki bhautika vikAsa bhoga-sAmagrI ke upArjana va vRddhi meM nahIM hai apitu sarva hitakArI pravRtti meM hai, karttavyaparAyaNatA meM hai| nirdoSatA AdhyAtmika vikAsa hai aura karttavya parAyaNatA va sadpravRtti bhautika vikAsa hai| kisI nagara meM adhika cikitsAlaya, nyAyAlaya, pAgalakhAne, anAthAlaya honA bhautika vikAsa nahIM hai, apitu jisa nagara meM cikitsAlaya, nyAyAlaya, pAgalakhAne, anAthAlaya Adi bhale hI hoM, paraMtu vahA~ nAgarikoM ko unakI AvazyakatA hI nahIM ho athavA kama se kama ho, yaha bhautika vikAsa hai| yaha tabhI saMbhava hai jaba usa nagara ke nAgarika rugNa na hoM, aparAdhI na hoM, vikSipta mastiSka na hoM, bhikhArI na hoN| aisA tabhI ho sakatA hai jaba vahA~ ke nAgarika saMyamI hoM, naitika hoM, vijJa hoM, sampanna hoN| sampanna vahI hai jo abhAvagrasta nahIM hai| abhAvagrasta honA daridratA kA sUcaka hai| abhAvagrasta vahI hai jisakI icchAoM kI pUrti na ho| vijJAna pradatta bhogya vastue~ evaM inake vijJApana icchAoM ke utpreraka hote haiN| jisase Page #257 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 208 puNya-pApa tattva aneka icchAe~ utpanna hotI haiM aura una sabakI pUrti na hone se vyakti abhAva kI agni meM jalatA rahatA hai| Aja sAmAnya vyakti ke pAsa bhI khAne, pIne, dekhane, sunane ke sAdhana prAcIna kAla ke samrAToM evaM cakravartiyoM se bhI saikar3oM gunA adhika haiM jaise TelIphona, reDiyo, TelIvijana, phrIja, balba, paMkhe, vAziMga mazIna Adi tathA saikar3oM prakAra kI miThAI, khaTAI, namakIna Adi / phira bhI Aja kA mAnava apane Apako bhayaMkara abhAva grasta pAtA hai| abhAva svabhAva se hI kisI ko bhI iSTa nahIM hai| vAstavika bhautika vikAsa vaha hai jisameM abhAva kA abhAva ho jAya / abhAva kA abhAva honA saccI samRddhi hai| abhAva kA abhAva usI ko hotA hai, jise apane liye kucha bhI nahIM cAhiye aura jo kucha bhI apane pAsa hai use sarvahitakArI pravRtti meM lagAne meM prasannatA kA anubhava karatA hai| bhautika unnati usI kI hotI hai jo sarvahitakArI dRSTi se pravRtti karatA hai aura apane viSayabhogoM kA tyAga karatA hai| zreSTha-seTha vahI hai jo kisI se kucha mA~gatA nahIM hai, apekSA nahIM rakhatA hai, pratyuta apane pAsa jo hai use saharSa saMsAra ko bheMTa karatA hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to udAratA evaM mAnavatA se hI mAnava kA Atmika evaM bhautika vikAsa hotA hai / bhoga bhoganA pazu kA lakSaNa hai| kAraNa ki bhoga meM Asakta prANI parAdhInatA meM Abaddha hotA hai, vaha svAdhInatA ke sacce sukha kA AsvAdana nahIM kara sktaa| saralatA, vinamratA, dayAlutA, vatsalatA, sajjanatA, AtmIyatA, sahRdayatA, udAratA Adi sarva divya guNa mAnavatA ke hI rUpa haiN| ina guNoM kA honA hI saccI samRddhi hai| aisI samRddhi ke svAmI meM AnaMda kA sAgara hiloreM lene lagatA hai| isake viparIta jo indriyoM ke kSaNika sukhoM kA dAsa hai vaha sadaiva abhAva, ciMtA, parAdhInatA, khinnatA, hInatA Adi agaNita du:khoM se, viSAdoM se ghirA rahatA hai| usake pAsa bAhara meM kitanI hI bhogya vastue~ hoM, dhana sampatti ho, pUjA pratiSThA Page #258 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ Atma vikAsa, sampannatA aura puNya-pApa ----- --------- 209 ho, aMtara meM vaha rikta hotA hai, use AMtarika nIrasatA sadaiva ghere rahatI hai| vaha use bhulAne ke lie apane ko naze meM, eka ke bAda dUsare bhoga ke rasa meM lagAtA rahatA hai| vaha AMtarika dRSTi se ghora daridra hotA hai| sadguNoM kA kriyAtmaka rUpa sadpravRtti kI saccI samRddhi hai, bhautika vikAsa hai aura durguNa-duSpravRtti samasta du:khoM va daridratA kI jar3a hai, bhautika avanati hai| jisake pAsa sadguNoM kI pU~jI hai vahI samRddha hai, puNyavAna hai| jo vAsanAoM kA dAsa hai vahI daridra hai, puNyahIna hai| sadpravRttiyoM kA bAhya phala bhautika vikAsa hai aura Antarika phala AdhyAtmika vikAsa hai| 000 Page #259 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (24) sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma jainAgama aura karma siddhAntAnusAra sampannatA sadpravRtti kA aura vipannatA (daridratA) duSpravRtti kA phala hai| sampanna vyakti vaha hai jo audArya, aizvarya, saundarya, mAdhurya evaM prIti ke sukha se sampanna ho aura vipanna (daridra) vaha hai jo abhAvagrasta, dIna, dAsa va du:khI ho| ata: saMpannatA aura daridratA kA athavA sukha evaM du:kha kA kAraNa vastuoM kI nyUnatA-adhikatA, bAhya-sAmagrI va ghaTanAe~ nahIM haiM, apitu jIva ke sadguNa va durguNa haiM, jaisA ki kahA hai vivattI aviNIassa, saMpattI viNIassa y| jasseaM dahao NAyaM, sikkhaM se abhigcchi||22|| je a caMDe mie thaddhe, vvAI niaDI sddhe| vujjhaI se aviNIappA, kaTTaM soagayaM jhaa||3|| taheva aviNIappA, logaMsi nr-naario| dIsaMti dahamehaMtA, chAyA te vigliNdiyaa||7|| taheva suviNIappA, logaMsi nr-naario| dIsaMti suhamehaMtA, iDhei pattA mhaajsaa||7|| evaM dhammassa viNao, mUlaM paramo se mukkho| jeNa kittiM suaM sigdhaM, NissesaM caabhigcch|||2|| -dazavaikAlika adhya.9, uddezaka 2 Page #260 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma -- --------211 ___ artha-avinIta ke vipatti aura vinIta ke saMpatti hotI hai arthAt avinaya se vipannatA (dInatA-da:kha) kI aura vinaya se saMpannatA kI prApti hotI hai| jise ye bAteM jJAta haiM, vahI zikSA ko prApta hotA hai||22|| ___ jo krodhI, pazuvat bhogI, abhimAnI, durvAdI, kapaTI, asaMyamI, dhUrta hai vaha avinIta AtmA saMsAra meM vaise hI pravAhita hotA hai jaise kASTha saritA meM pravAhita hotA hai||3|| yahA~ yaha kahA gayA hai ki avinIta vaha hai jo krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobha Adi kaSAya kA aura asaMyama Adi viSayoM kA bhogI hai, durguNI hai| ata: jo kaSAya aura viSaya se rahita hai, kSamA, vinamratA, mRdutA, saralatA, tyAga, saMyama Adi guNoM kA dhAraka hai vaha vinIta hai| saMsAra meM avinIta svabhAva vAle nara-nArI haiM, ve nirbala indriyoM se vikala yA vyAkula hokara du:kha bhogate dekhe jAte haiM tathA suvinIta svabhAva vAle nara-nArI Rddhivanta, aizvarya sampanna, mahAyaza-dhArI va sukhI dekhe jAte haiN||7, 9 / / vinaya dharma-vRkSa kA mUla hai, isakA phala mokSa (baMdhana aura du:khoM se mukti) hai| aise vinaya se vyakti ko yaza-kIrti, zruta Adi samasta saMpadAoM kI prApti hotI hai tathA vaha ni:zeSa ko prApta hotA hai, use kucha bhI pAnA, karanA, jAnanA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai||2|| Azaya yaha hai ki sadguNa hI saMpadA haiM, inase hI samasta sukhoM kI prApti hotI hai aura durguNa hI vipadA haiM, inase hI samasta du:khoM kI utpatti hotI hai| jaisA ki kahA hai appA kattA vikattA ya, duhANa ya suhANa y| appA mittamamittaM ca, duppttttiy-suppttttio||37|| Page #261 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 212--------------- ---- puNya-pApa tattva appA naI veyaraNI, appA me kuuddsaamlii| appA kAmaduhA dheNU, appA me naMdaNaM vaNaM / / 36 / / Na taM arI kaMThachettA karei, jaM se kare appaNiyA durppaa| se nAhai maccumuhaM tu patte, pacchANutAveNa dyaavihuunno||48|| - uttarAdhyayana, adhyayana 20 AtmA svayaM apane du:khoM evaM sukhoM kA kartA tathA akartA hai| sadpravRtti meM rata AtmA hI apanA mitra hai aura duSpravRtti meM rata AtmA hI apanA zatru hai| isa prakAra duSpravRtti meM rata AtmA vaitaraNI nadI aura kUTazAlmali vRkSa ke samAna du:khadAyI hai tathA sadpravRtti meM rata AtmA kAmadhenu aura naMdanavana ke samAna sukhadAyI hai| durAcAra meM pravRtta AtmA apanA jitanA anartha karatA hai utanA anartha kaMTha ko chedana karane vAlA zatru bhI nahIM karatA hai| dayA, anukaMpA, karuNA Adi sadpravRttiyoM se rahita yaha AtmA mRtyu ke mukha meM pahu~cane para pazcAttApa karatA huA isa tathya ko jaanegaa| ina gAthAoM meM sukha-duHkha kA, saMpannatA-vipannatA kA kAraNa bAhya-vastuoM kI prApti-aprApti, paristhitiyoM kI anukUlatApratikUlatA evaM ghaTanAoM ko nahIM batAyA hai, apitu AtmA kI sadpravRttiyoM evaM sadguNoM, vizuddha bhAvoM ko sukha-saMpannatA kA kAraNa batAyA hai aura duSpravRttiyoM, durguNoM, saMkleza bhAvoM ko arthAt pApAcaraNa ko du:kha, dInatA, daridratA kA kAraNa batAyA hai| prANAtipAta, mRSAvAda, mithyAdarzana zalya Adi aThAraha pApa haiN| inakA AcaraNa pApAcaraNa hai| ina pApoM meM mukhya pApa krodha-mAna-mAyA aura lobha kaSAya haiN| pApAcAraNa se ghAtI karmoM, pApa-prakRtiyoM kA sarjana va baMdha hotA hai, jisase kSamA, anukampA, saralatA, mRdutA, akiMcanatA, dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga Adi Page #262 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma --- -------213 guNoM kA ghAta va tirobhAva hotA hai aura ghAtI karmoM ke kSayopazama se AtmA ke kSamA, dayA, karuNA, anukaMpA, saralatA, mRdutA, AkiMcanya Adi sadguNa prakaTa hote haiN| inase aMtarAya kA kSayopazama hotA hai jisase dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya guNoM kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai| dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga aura vIrya ina Atmika guNoM kA ghAta, apaharaNa, tirohaNa honA daridratA hai aura ina guNoM kA AvirbhAva honA hI sampannatA hai| ata: aMtarAya karma kA udaya daridratA kA aura kSayopazama va kSaya sampannatA kA hetu hai| yahA~ para isI viSaya para vicAra kiyA jA rahA hai| aMtarAya karma aura daridratA-sampannatA aMtarAya karma tattvArthasUtra adhyAya 6 sUtra 26 ke anusAra- "vighnakaraNamantarAyasya' arthAt vighna karanA aMtarAya karma hai| dhavalA pustaka 13 pRSTha 389-"aMtarameti gacchatItyantarAyaH" arthAt jo aMtara AtA hai vaha aMtarAya hai arthAt aMtarAla hI aMtarAya hai| "yadudayAdAtukAmo'pi na prayacchati, labdhukAmo'pi na labhate, bhoktumicchannapi na bhuGkte, upabhoktumabhivAMchannapi nopabhuGkte, utsahitukAmo'pi notshte|" sarvArthasiddhi TIkA jisake udaya se dene kI icchA karatA huA bhI nahIM detA hai, prApta karane kI kAmanA karate hue bhI prApta nahIM karatA hai, bhoga-upabhoga kI vAJchA karatA huA bhI bhoga-upabhoga kara nahIM pAtA hai aura utsAhita hone kI kAmanA rakhatA huA bhI utsAhita nahIM hotA hai, vaha aMtarAya hai| arthAt mohanIya karma ke udaya se kisI kAmanA kA utpanna honA aura usa kAmanA kI pUrti na honA hI aMtarAya hai| Page #263 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 214--- --- puNya-pApa tattva ___ aMtarAya karma ke pA~ca bheda haiM -dAnAntarAya, lAbhAntarAya, bhogAntarAya, upabhogAntarAya va viiryaantraay| __ 1. dAnAMtarAya-vAtsalya, karuNA, dayA, sevA, anukaMpA se prerita vizva-hita meM rata honA dAna hai| dAna dene kI bhAvanA na jaganA apitu viSaya sukhoM ke lie dUsaroM se dAna pAne kI kAmanA utpanna honA dAnAMtarAya hai| (saMyama pAlanArtha dAtA kI prasannatA hetu bhikSA lenA dAnAMtarAya nahIM hai|) udAratA kI udAtta bhAvanA dAnAMtarAya kA kSayopazama hai| udAratA kA paripUrNa ho jAnA arthAt zarIra, buddhi, jJAna, bala, yogyatA Adi saba zaktiyoM ko jagat hitArtha samarpita kara denA, apane sukhabhoga ke lie kucha bhI bacAkara na rakhanA ananta dAna hai, dAnAntarAya karma kA kSaya hai| 2. lAbhAntarAya-bhogya vastuoM kI kAmanA utpanna honA lAbhAntarAya hai| vastuoM kI kAmanAe~ arthAt tRSNA prANI ko parAdhInatA meM Abaddha karatI hai, apanI svAbhAvika svAdhInatA kA apaharaNa karatI hai, zAMti ko bhaMga karatI hai, prANI ko caina se nahIM rahane detI hai, abhAva kA anubhava karAtI hai| abhAva kA anubhava honA hI daridratA hai, lAbhAntarAya hai| 3-4. bhogAntarAya va upabhogAntarAya-indriyoM ke viSaya meM sukha kA AsvAdana karanA bhoga hai| eka hI prakAra ke bhoga ko va usakI jAti ke bhogoM ko bAra-bAra bhoganA upabhoga hai| bhoga kI kAmanA kI pUrti na honA bhogAntarAya hai aura upabhoga kI kAmanA kI pUrti na honA upabhogAntarAya hai| bhoga va upabhoga kI kAmanAoM kI utpatti kA kAraNa bhogya padArthoM kA suMdara, sthAyI va sukhada pratIta honA hai| isase bhogya padArthoM ke prati rAga utpanna hotA hai| rAga va kAmanA kA utpanna honA, bahirmukhI honA hai, AtmA ke svabhAva se cyuta honA, apane svAbhAvika sukha se vaMcita Page #264 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma 215 honA hai| yahI bhogAntarAya-upabhogAntarAya hai| bhoga-upabhoga kI kAmanA ke tyAga se svAnubhUti hotI hai jisase paramAnaMda hotA hai| yahI bhogAntarAyaupabhogAntarAya kA kSaya hai, anaMta bhoga-upabhoga hai| 5. vIryAntarAya - yaha sarvamAnya tathya hai ki viSaya-bhogoM kI kAmanA kA utpanna honA aura usakI pUrti karanA arthAt viSaya-bhoga bhoganA vikAra hai, pApa hai, Atma- patana kA evaM karmabaMdha kA hetu hai, AtmA ke lie ahitakara tathA du:khadAyI hai / viSaya-bhogoM kI ApUrti bhI du:khadAyI hai| isa prakAra viSaya bhogoM kI pUrti aura apUrti donoM hI ahitakArI tathA duHkhadAyI hai| vaha Atma-svarUpa ke sacce sukha ke bhogaupabhoga se vimukha evaM dUra karane vAlI hai, bAdhaka hai, vighnakArI hai, ghAtaka hai, arthAt aMtarAya utpanna karane vAlI hai / ata: viSaya-bhogoM ke tyAga meM hI prANI kA hita hai evaM tabhI Atma svarUpa (svabhAva) ke akSaya, avyAbAdha (akhaMDa), anaMta sacce sukha rUpa bhoga-upabhoga kI upalabdhi saMbhava hai| indriya va mana se viSaya-bhoga ke lie kisI bhI prakAra kI pravRtti va prayatna karanA pApa hai, pramAda hai| apane kalyANa ke lie rAga-dveSa Adi doSoM ko dUra karane ke lie puruSArtha na karanA pramAda hai, vIryAntarAya hai viSaya-bhogoM va kaSAya kA tyAga hI saccA puruSArtha hai, sAmarthya hai, vIrya hai| pramAdagrasta arthAt viSaya - kaSAya ke sukha kI dAsatA va pralobhana meM Abaddha prANI bhogoM ke tyAga kA puruSArtha nahIM karatA hai, usakI yaha puruSArthahInatA, doSoM ke tyAga karane kI asamarthatA vIryAntarAya hai| viSayakaSAya Adi doSoM-pApoM ke tyAga ke lie puruSArtha va parAkrama karanA vIryAntarAya kA kSayopazama hai aura viSaya - kaSAya Adi duSpravRttiyoM kA sarvathA evaM pUrNa tyAga kara nirdoSa ho jAnA vIryAntarAya kA kSaya hai, anaMtavIrya kI upalabdhi karanA hai| Page #265 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 216--- --- puNya-pApa tattva ___ abhiprAya yaha hai ki jahA~ kAmanA hai, vahA~ aMtarAya karma kA udaya hai| ata: jisakI jitanI adhika kAmanAe~ haiM, usake utanA hI adhika aMtarAya karma kA udaya hai aura jitanI kAmanAe~ kama hotI hai aMtarAya karma kA udaya bhI utanA hI kama ho jAtA hai| kAmanA kA abhAva honA tatsaMbaMdhI aMtarAya karma ke udaya kA abhAva honA hai| aMtarAya karma kA udaya na rahane se tatsaMbaMdhI aMtarAya karma ke udaya kA abhAva honA hai| aMtarAya karma kA udaya na rahane se tatsaMbaMdhI kAmanA-ApUrti kA du:kha miTa jAtA hai, jisase zAMti va sukha kA anubhava hotA hai| yaha sukhAnubhUti kAmanA kA abhAva hone se hotI hai| paraMtu prANI ise kAmanA pUrti ke hone se mAnatA hai| yahI mUla meM bhUla hai| Azaya yaha hai ki sukha kAmanA pUrti meM nahIM hai, kAmanA ke abhAva meM hai, kyoMki kAmanA pUrti ke samaya puna: vahI sthiti ho jAtI hai jo kAmanA utpatti se pUrva thI arthAt kAmanA kA abhAva thaa| ata: sukha kAmanA ke abhAva meM hai| jo isa tathya ko svIkAra kara letA hai usake navIna kamAnAoM kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai| paraMtu jo yaha mAnatA hai ki sukha kAmanA pUrti se milatA hai, usake mana meM usa kAmanA pUrti ke sukha kI jAti ke agaNita sukhoM ko pAne ke lie aneka kAmanAoM kA janma hotA hai| jaise jo bIja bhUmi meM giratA hai vaha ugakara apanI jAti ke agaNita phala detA hai, naye bIjoM ko paidA karatA hai tathA jaise kisI bIja ke gala va jala jAne para vaha nirjIva ho jAtA hai phira vaha ugatA nahIM hai, isI prakAra jo apane sukha kA kAraNa kAmanA pUrti ko na mAnakara, kAmanA ke abhAva ko sukha mAnatA hai, usakI kAmanA nirjIva, nirmUla ho jAtI hai, vaha navIna kAmanAoM ko janma nahIM detI hai| paraMtu jo kAmanA-pUrti meM sukha mAnatA hai usakI kAmanA pUrti aneka navIna kAmanAoM kI utpatti ke lie bIja-vapana kA kArya karatI hai| ata: kAmanA-pUrti ho jAne se usake aMtarAya karma kA kSaya nahIM hotA hai, apitu usa jAti kI navIna kAmanAoM Page #266 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -----217 sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma --- kI utpatti kA kAraNa banatA hai, arthAt navIna aMtarAya karma ke baMdha va udaya kA kAraNa banatA hai, jo du:kha evaM daridratA kA hetu hI hotA hai| kAmanA utpatti kA kAraNa viSaya-bhogoM ke sukhoM kA ciMtana karanA hai, jaisA ki gItA meM kahA hai dhyAyato viSayAnpuMsaH sNgstessuupjaayte| saMgAtsaMjAyate kAma: kaamaatkrodho'bhijaayte|| -gItA, 2.62 viSayoM kA ciMtana karane vAle puruSa kA una viSayoM se saMga (saMbaMdha) ho jAtA hai| saMga (saMbaMdha-rAga) se una viSayoM kI prApti kI kAmanA utpanna hotI hai| kAmanA dvArA iSTa vastuoM kI prApti na hone se krodhakSobha utpanna hotA hai arthAt kAmanA ke utpanna hote hI citta kupita, asthira, azAMta, kSubhita ho jAtA hai, citta kI zAMti va sthiratA bhaMga ho jAtI hai| puruSa apane nija svabhAva se cyuta ho jAtA hai evaM yaha sthiti taba taka banI rahatI hai jaba taka kAmanA kA pravAha calatA rahatA hai| kAmanA kA abhAva hone para hI puna: zAMti, sukha va sampannatA kA anubhava hotA hai| zAMti AtmA kA svabhAva hai| svabhAva meM aMtarAla AnA hI aMtarAya hai| sAdhu va vItarAga ke bhUmi, bhavana, vAhana, reDiyo, TI.vI. Adi kA na honA du:kha kA kAraNa va aMtarAya karma kA udaya nahIM hai, kyoMki sAdhu ke inakI kAmanA nahIM hai| ata: sAdhu inake na hone se abhAva kA anubhava nahIM karatA hai, jabaki inhIM vastuoM ke bhoga kI kAmanA rakhane vAle vyakti ke lie inakA na milanA, na honA du:kha kA hetu va aMtarAya karma kA udaya hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki kAmanA kI utpatti aMtarAya karma ke udaya kI sUcaka hai aura kAmanA kA abhAva honA, niSkAma honA, sukha kA hetu va aMtarAya karma ke kSayopazama kA sUcaka hai| Page #267 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 218 --- puNya-pApa tattva yaha niyama hai ki kAmanA kI ApUrti meM azAMti, parAdhInatA, ciMtA, khinnatA, dInatA, bhaya, du:kha rahatA hI hai, yahI daridratA kI nizAnI hai, pahacAna hai aura kAmanA ke abhAva meM zAMti, abhAva kA abhAva, svAdhInatA va prasannatA rahatI hai, yahI saccI sampannatA hai| jaisA ki Agama meM kahA hai kahaM na kujjA sAmaNNaM, jo kAme na nivaare| pae-pae visIyaMto, saMkappassa vasaM go|| ____ -dazavaikAlika sUtra, 2.1 arthAt saMkalpa (kAmanA) ke vazIbhUta vyakti paga-paga para viSAda se, kheda-khinnatA ke du:kha se du:khI hotA hai| ata: jo kAmanAoM kA tyAga nahIM karatA hai, vaha zramaNa dharma kA pAlana kaise kara sakatA hai? arthAt nahIM kara sakatA hai| AyAvayAhi caya sogamallaM, kAme kamAhi kamiyaM khu dukkhN| chiMdAhi dosaM viNaejja rAgaM, evaM suhI hohisi sNpraae|| -dazavaikAlika sUtra 2.5 tAtparya yaha hai ki zoka-kheda-khinnatA kA tyAga kara AtApanA lene se, du:khoM ko sahana karane se, kAmanAoM meM kamI karane se du:kha meM kamI hotI hai| dveSa kA chedana karane se, rAga ko dUra karane se zIghra saMsAra meM tatkAla sukhI huA jA sakatA hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 9veM adhyayana meM kahA hai suvaNNaruppassa u pavvayA bhave, siyA hu kelAsasamA asNkhyaa| narassa luddhassa na tehiM kiMci, icchA hu AgAsasamA annNtiyaa||48|| puDhavI sAlI javA ceva, hiraNNaM psubhissh| paDipuNNaM nAlamegassa, ii vijjA tavaM cre||49|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 9, gAthA 48-49 Page #268 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma -. ---------219 __ artha-sone aura cA~dI ke kailAza parvata ke samAna asaMkhya parvata hoM phira bhI viSaya sukhoM meM lubdha manuSyoM kI kucha bhI tRpti nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki icchAe~ AkAza ke samAna ananta haiN||48|| samagra bhUmi, samagra cAvala, jau aura anya anna, samasta pazu, samasta svarNa va anya dhana, eka vyakti kI icchA paripUrNa karane ke lie paryApta nahIM haiN| yaha jAnakara tapazcaraNa kre||49|| ____ ata: icchA pUrti se sukha cAhane vAlA vyakti icchA kI apUrti va atRpti ke du:kha kI Aga meM niraMtara jalatA rahatA hai arthAt icchA pUrti ke sukha ke bhogI ko du:kha se mukti milanA kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| jaise ki kahA hai sallaM kAmA visaM kAmA, kAmA aasiivisovmaa| kAme ya patthemANA, akAmA jati doggiN|| ahe vayaMti koheNaM, mANeNaM ahamA gii| mAyAgaI paDigghAo, lobhAo duhao bhyN|| ____ -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 9, gAthA 53-54 artha-kAma-bhoga zalya haiM, zUla ke samAna pratikSaNa cubhane kA du:kha dete rahate haiN| kAma-bhoga viSa va AzIviSa ke samAna haiN| viSaya-bhogoM kI taraMgeM AzI-viSa ke samAna tatkAla mUrcchita karane vAlI-apanA bhAna bhulAne vAlI haiN| kAma-bhoga kA icchuka vyakti kAmanA apUrti ke du:kha se bhayaMkara durgati ko prApta hotA hai||53|| kAma-bhogoM se kaSAyoM kI utpatti hotI hai| kaSAya se pragati avaruddha hotI hai krodha se adhogati hotI hai| mAna se adhama gati hotI hai, mAyA se sugati kI ora pragati meM pratighAta hotA hai aura lobha se donoM prakAra kA bhaya hotA hai arthAt prApta sukha va sAmagrI ke jAne kA bhaya aura anacAhe du:kha Ane kA bhaya sadA banA rahatA hai||54|| Page #269 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 220 puNya-pApa tattva kasiNaM vi jo imaM loyaM, paDipuNNaM dalejja ikkassa / teNAvi se Na saMtusse, iha duppUrae ime AyA / / jahA lAho, tahA loho, lAhA loho pvddddi| do mAsa kayaM kajjaM, koDIe vi na niTThiyaM / / -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 8, gAthA 16-17 artha-yadi kisI vyakti ko dhana-dhAnyAdi se paripUrNa yaha sampUrNa loka (vizva) bhI de diyA jAye taba bhI usase vaha saMtuSTa nahIM hotaa| lobhAsakta AtmA kI kAmanAoM kI pUrti honA saMbhava nahIM haiN| kyoMki jaise-jaise lAbha hotA jAtA hai vaise-vaise hI lobha bar3hatA jAtA hai| lAbha se lobha bar3hatA hai (ghaTatA nahIM hai) / (kapila muni kA) jo kArya do mAzA sone se hI ho sakatA thA, vaha karor3oM svarNa mudrAoM se bhI pUrA nahIM ho sakA arthAt kAmanAoM kI jitanI pUrti hotI hai utanI hI adhika navIna kAmanAoM kI utpatti hotI jAtI hai jinakI pUrti honA saMbhava nahIM hai| sabhI kAmanAe~ kisI kI bhI kabhI bhI pUrI nahIM hotI haiM / kAmanA ApUrti hI du:kha hai| isa prakAra kAmanA pUrti ke sukha ke pralobhana ke vazIbhUta prANI bhayaMkara du:kha pAtA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai khaNamittasukkhA, bahukAladukkhA, pagAmadukkhA - aNigAmasukkhA / saMsAra mokkhassa-vipakkhabhUyA, khANI aNatthANa u kaambhogaa|| parivvayaMte aNiyattakAme, aho ya rAo paritappamANe / aNNappamattedhaNamesamANe, pappotti maccuM purise jaraM ca / / imaM ca me atthi imaM ca natthi, imaM ca me kicca imaM akiccaM / taM evamevaM lAlappamANaM, harA haraMti tti kahaM pamAe / / -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 14, gAthA 13-15 bhAvArtha-bhogoM kI kAmanAoM kI pUrti se milA huA sukha kSaNamAtra ke lie pratIta hotA hai aura bahuta kAla taka du:kha dene vAlA hotA hai| kAmanA kI vRddhi meM du:kha aura niSkAma ( kAmanA rahita ) hone meM sukha hai| Page #270 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma isa prakAra kAma-bhoga saMsAra ke baMdhanoM se mukta hone meM vipakSabhUta (bAdhakasUtra) hai aura sarva anarthoM ( burAIyoM - du:khoM) kI khAna haiN| ata: jo kAmanAoM se nivRtta nahIM hai vaha puruSa rAta-dina niraMtara kAmanA ApUrti ke duHkha se saMtapta hotA huA kAmanA pUrti hetu idhara-udhara bhaTakatA rahatA hai| vaha apane se bhinna anya (para) meM Asakta hokara unakI prApti ke lie dhana, sampatti kI khoja meM jIrNatA - jarA avasthA (vRddhAvasthA) ko tathA mRtyu ko prApta hotA hai| vaha jIvana paryanta dInatA, hInatA va daridratA kA anubhava karatA hai| - 221 viSaya-bhogoM ke sukhoM meM lubdha vyakti, yaha merA hai, yaha merA nahIM hai, mujhe yaha karanA hai aura yaha nahIM karanA hai, isI meM rata rahatA hai| isa prakAra kAma-bhoga rUpI cora usakA sarvasva haraNa kara lete haiN| savvaM vilaviyaM gIyaM, savvaM naTTaM viDaMbiyaM / savve AbharaNA bhArA, savve kAmA duhaavhaa|| bAlAbhirAmesu duhAvahesu, na taM suhaM kAma guNesu rAyaM / virattakAmANa tavodhaNANaM, jaM bhikkhuNaM sIlaguNe rayANaM / / -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 13, gAthA 16-17 bhAvArtha-jJAniyoM kI dRSTi meM saba gIta vilApa rUpa haiN| saba nRtyanATaka viDambanA rUpa haiN| samasta AbhUSaNa bhAra rUpa haiN| sabhI kAma-bhoga duHkhadAyaka haiN| he rAjan! ajJAniyoM ko suMdara dikhane vAle duHkhaprada kAma-bhogoM ( kAmanApUrti) meM vaha sukha nahIM hai jo sukha kAmanAoM se virakta tapa rUpI dhana ke svAmI, zIla guNoM (sadguNoM) meM rata bhikSuoM ko hotA hai arthAt samasta kAma-bhoga kI kAmanAe~ du:kha dene vAlI haiM aura sadguNa sukha dene vAle haiN| sukha sadguNoM meM hI haiM aura yahI saccI dhana-sampatti hai / Page #271 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 222 puNya-pApa tattva vitteNa tANaM na labhe pamatte, imaMmi loe aduvA paratthA / dIvappaNaTTheva aNaMtamohe, neAuyaM daTTumadaTTumeva / / -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 4, gAthA 5 trANa bhAvArtha-pramAdI manuSya isa loka meM athavA paraloka meM dhana (saMrakSaNa) nahIM pAtA hai| jisa prakAra dIpaka bujhane para dekhA huA mArga bhI dikhAI nahIM detA hai usI prakAra anaMta moha se grasta (lobhAMdha) vyakti apane jJAna se jAne hue nyAya (satya) mArga ko dekhate hue bhI nahIM dekhatA hai| mohAMdha, lobhAMdha vyakti satya mArga ko dekhatA, jAnatA huA bhI anadekhA kara detA hai, usa para nahIM calatA hai| viyANiyA dukkhavivadvaNaM dhaNaM, mamatta baMdhaM ca mahAbhayAvahaM / suhAvahaM dhammadhuraM aNuttaraM, dhArejja nivvANaguNAvahaM mahaM / / -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 19, gAthA 99 bhAvArtha-dhana ko du:khavarddhaka aura mamatA ke baMdhana ko mahAbhayaMkara jAnakara nirvANa (mokSa) ke guNoM ko prApta karAne vAlI evaM anaMta sukha pradAyaka anuttara dharma kI mahAdhurA ko dhAraNa kare / isa gAthA meM bhagavAna ne spaSTa zabdoM meM dhana ko duHkha vRddhi kA kAraNa kahA hai, sukha-prApti va puNyodaya kA phala nahIM batAyA hai aura dharma ko arthAt parigrahAdi pApoM ke tyAga se utpanna hone vAle guNoM ko sukha kA kAraNa kahA hai| na kammuNA kammaM khaveMti bAlA, akammuNA kammaM khaveMti dhiiraa| mehAviNo lobhamayAvatItA, saMtosiNo no pakareMti pAvaM / / -sUtrakRtAMga zrutaskaMdha adhyayana 12, gAthA 15 bhAvArtha-bAla jIva karma se karma kA kSaya karanA cAhate haiM, paraMtu karma se karma kA kSaya nahIM hotA, ataH karma karane se karma kSaya nahIM hote haiN| dhIra puruSa karma (kartRtvabhAva) rahita hokara karma kA kSaya karate haiN| lobha aura Page #272 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma --- ------- 223 garva se (sukha ke pralobhana va du:kha ke bhaya se) rahita saMtoSI buddhimAna puruSa pApa kA upArjana nahIM karate haiM arthAt pApa karma aura unake phala du:kha dAridraya se mukta hone kA upAya saMtoSa (sukha kA pralobhana va kaSAya kA tyAga) hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to saMtoSa va sadguNa hI sampannatA hai aura tRSNA, kAmanA va durguNa vipannatA-daridratA hai| kAma bhoga prANI ke lie bhayaMkara du:khadAyI haiM, jaisA ki uttarAdhyayana sUtra ke 32veM adhyayana meM kahA hai je yAvi dosaM samuvei tivvaM, taMsikkhaNe se u uvei dukkhN| duiMtadoseNa saeNa jaMtU, na kiMci bhAvaM avarujjhai se||90| bhAvArtha-jo tIvra dveSa ko prApta hotA hai vaha prANI apane hI durdAnta doSa ke kAraNa usI kSaNa du:kha ko prApta hotA hai| isameM mana ke bhAva kA kucha bhI doSa-aparAdha nahIM hai arthAt isake lie rAga-dveSa kartA vyakti svayaM uttaradAyI hai| bhAvANuvAeNa pariggaheNa, uppAyaNe rkkhnnsnnnnioge| vae viyoge ya kahaM suhaM se, saMbhogakAle ya atittilaabhe|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 32, gAthA 93 bhAvArtha-bhAvoM meM Asakti evaM mamatva rakhane vAle jIva ko bhAvAnukUla padArtha ke utpanna karane meM, rakSaNa meM, upayoga karane meM, vyaya meM, viyoga meM vyasta rahatA hai, use sukha kaise prApta ho sakatA hai? kadApi sukha nahIM hotA hai| usakA upabhoga karate samaya bhI tRpti na hone ke kAraNa du:kha hI hotA hai| bhogoM meM sukha kahIM bhI nahIM hai, sarvatra duHkha hI duHkha hai| mosassa pacchA ya puratthao ya, paogakAle ya duhI durNte| evaM adattANi samAyayaMto, bhAve atitto duhio annisso|| -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 32, gAthA 96 Page #273 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 224 puNya-pApa tattva bhAvArtha-asatya (para- vinAzI) padArtha kA bhoga karane vAlA bhoga ke pahale, pIche evaM prayoga (upabhoga) karate samaya du:khI hotA hai aura usakA aMta bhI burA hotA hai| isa prakAra bhAvoM se para padArthoM ko grahaNa karate hue vaha jIva du:khI va AzrayahIna ho jAtA hai| dukkhaM hayaM jassa na hoi moho, moho hao jassa na hoi tnnhaa| taNhA hayA jassa na hoi loho, loho hao jassa na kiMcaNAI / / -uttarAdhyayana sUtra, adhyayana 32, gAthA 8 bhAvArtha- du:kha usI kA naSTa hotA hai jisake moha nahIM hai| moha usI kA naSTa hotA hai jisake tRSNA nahIM hai| tRSNA usI ke nahIM hotI hai, jisake lobha nahIM hai| lobha usI ke nahIM hotA hai jo akiMcana hotA hai| arthAt jo parigraha rahita hotA hai, jo apane ko kucha nahIM mAnatA, kisI ko apanA nahIM mAnatA, kisI se kucha bhI kAmanA nahIM rakhatA, vaha hI du:kha rahita hotA hai| kahA hai godhana, gajadhana, ratnadhana, kaMcana khAna sukhAna / jaba Ave saMtoSa dhana saba dhana dhUri samAna / / kudarata kA kAnUna hai, saba para lAgU hoya / vikRta mana vyAkula rahe, nirmala sukhiyA hoya / / dveSa aura durbhAva ke, jaba jaba uThe vikAra / maiM bhI du:khiyA ho urdU, du:khI karU~ saMsAra / / zuddha dharma dhAraNa kareM, kareM dUra abhimAna / mile amita saMtoSa sukha, dharma sukhoM kI khAna / / dveSa aura durbhAva se, Akula-vyAkula hoya / sneha aura sadbhAva se, harSita pulakita hoya / / nirdhana yA dhanavAna ho, anapar3ha yA vidvAn / jisane mana mailA kiyA, usake vyAkula prANa / / durguNa se hI du:kha mile, sadguNa meM sukhadhAma / Page #274 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma ---- -------225 jana vyavahArI nAma se, sadhe na koI kaam|| kudarata kA kAnUna hai, kRpA kare nA krodh| vikRta mana hove du:khI, hoya sukhI citta shodh|| rAga-dveSa kI moha kI, jaba taka mana meM khaan| taba taka sukha kA, zAMti kA, jarA na nAma nishaan|| zIla ratana moTo ratana, saba ratanoM kI khaan| tIna loka kI saMpadA, rahI zIla meM aan|| karma siddhAMta va AgamoM meM du:kha ko doSa, pApa va duSpravRtti kA phala batAyA hai| samasta doSoM kI utpatti viSayoM ke sukha kI kAmanA se hotI hai, viSaya sukha kI kAmanA utpanna hote hI sahaja svabhAva se sadA vidyamAna samatA va zAMti bhaMga ho jAtI hai aura citta azAMta, kupita, kSubdha va khinna ho jAtA hai| ise hI krodha kahA gayA hai yathA- "kAmAt krodho'bhijAyate' arthAt kAmanA se krodha-kSobha paidA hotA hai| kAmanA-pUrti hone para, jisa vyakti, vastu se kAmanA pUrI hotI hai, vaha use sthAyI, sukhada, suMdara pratIta hotI hai| isase usa bhogya padArtha ke prati mamatva-merApana kA bhAva ho jAtA hai| jo vastu sar3ana, galana svabhAva vAlI hai, use suMdara mAnanA, jisakA viyoga avazyambhAvI hai, use sthAyI mAnanA, jo mere se bhinna hai use merI mAnanA bhrA~ti hai, dhokhA hai, mAyA hai| kAmanA pUrti janita sukha ko bArabAra bhogane ke lie prApta vastu Adi se tAdAtmya, aikya, ahaMbhAva buddhi ho jAnA, use 'maiM' mAnanA 'mAna' kahA gayA hai| usa bhogya padArtha ko sadA banAye rakhane tathA usI jAti ke anya bhoga bhogane va padArthoM ko pAne kI tRSNA hone ko lobha kahA gayA hai| viSaya sukha kI ina cAroM sthitiyoM meM 'para' ke prati, saMsAra ke prati AkarSaNa rahatA hai, ata: inheM kaSAya kahA gayA hai| viSaya-sukha kI kAmanA na ho to rAga, dveSa, moha Adi doSoM kI utpatti hI nahIM hotI hai| Page #275 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 226 --- puNya-pApa tattva viSaya sukha-kAmanA pUrti se milatA hai, yaha mAnanA bhUla hai| kAmanA pUrti kA artha hai-kAmanA kA na rahanA, kAmanA kA abhAva honaa| ata: yaha sukha bhI kAmanA ke abhAva se, citta ke zAMta hone se milatA hai, vastu, vyakti, paristhiti se nhiiN| yadi sukha vastu, vyakti, paristhiti Adi se milatA to ina sabake vidyamAna rahate hue yaha sukha banA rahanA cAhie thA aura ina sabakI vRddhi ke sAtha isa sukha meM bhI vRddhi hotI jAnI cAhie thI, paraMtu aisA nahIM hotA hai| yaha sukha kucha kSaNoM se adhika pratIta nahIM hotA hai tathA bhogya-vastuoM kI vRddhi saikar3oM hajAroM gunA ho jAne para bhI, suvidhAoM ke bar3ha jAne para bhI sukha meM vRddhi nahIM hotI hai| apitu sukha pAne kI kAmanAe~ dina-dugunI rAta caugunI bar3hatI jAtI hai, jisakI pUrti na hone se sukha kA abhAva adhikAdhika bar3hatA jAtA hai| abhAva kA bar3hanA dInatA va daridratA kA dyotaka hai| viSaya-bhoga ke sukha kI kAmanA kI utpatti va apUrti azAMti kI aura pUrti parAdhInatA kI jananI hai| kAmanA pUrti kSobha, khinnatA va du:kha kI jananI hai| ata: viSaya sukha azAMti, parAdhInatA va khinnatA meM Abaddha karatA hai jisase prANI kI zAMti, svAdhInatA va prasannatA kA apaharaNa ho jAtA hai, vighna utpanna ho jAtA hai| karma-siddhAMtAnusAra karma kA vipAka vaisA hI hotA hai, jaisA bhAva hotA hai| durbhAvoM kA phala azubha, du:khada tathA sadbhAvoM kA phala zubha-sukhada milatA hai| zubha bhAvoM se zubha anubhAva vAle puNya karma kA aura azubha bhAvoM se azubha anubhAva ke pApa karma kA sarjana hotA hai| zubha anubhAva zAMti, prasannatA va sampannatA ke sukha kA aura azubha anubhAva azAMti, khinnatA, ciMtA, bhaya, dvandva, dInatA va daridratA kA hetu hotA hai| karma ke isa akATya, sanAtana niyama kA koI apavAda nahIM hai| koI du:kha, vipatti, apriya, Page #276 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma ---- ----- 227 aniSTa avasthA aisI nahIM hai jo pApa, doSa, burAI kA phala na ho| jise azAMti, ciMtA, saMgharSa, kalaha, aMtardvandva, bhaya, khinnatA, abhAva, nIrasatA, dAsatA, vipannatA ke du:khoM se, aniSTa dazAoM se bacanA hai, use bhogecchA, svArthaparatA, saMkIrNatA, krUratA, nirdayatA, vakratA, abhimAna, lAlaca va sukha-lolupatA se bacanA hI hogaa| isake atirikta koI anya upAya nahIM hai| koI burAiyoM se jur3A rahe aura phira cAhe ki du:kha na Ane pAve, yaha kadApi saMbhava nahIM hai| saMkSepa meM kaheM to samasta du:khoM va doSoM kA kAraNa indriyoM ke kSaNika sukha kA bhoga hai| sukha ke bhogI ko du:kha bhoganA hI par3atA hai| karmasiddhAMta ke isa naisargika niyama ko koI nahIM TAla sakatA hai| sukha jIva kA svabhAva hai| svabhAva kA abhAva kabhI nahIM hotA hai| cAhe kucha kAla ke lie usakA aMtarAla ho jaae| sukha kA anubhava svabhAva meM sthita hone para hI hotA hai| kAmanA utpatti ke kAraNa apane svabhAva se aMtarAla, aMtara, dUrI ho gaI thI vaha dUsarI kAmanA ke abhAva ho jAne para miTa jAtI hai jisase svAbhAvika sukha kA anubhava hotA hai| sukha kAmanA yA vikAra ke abhAva se milatA hai| isa tathya ko svIkAra karanA, anubhava karanA hI samyagjJAna va samyagdarzana hai| isa anubhava kA Adara karate hue krodha-mAna, mAyA-lobha Adi pravRttiyoM kA tyAga karanA samyak cAritra hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA va lobha ke tyAga se kSamA, mArdava, Arjava va saMtoSa ke guNa prakaTa hote haiN| kSamAzIla vyakti kisI se vaira va dveSa nahIM rakhatA hai| usake nirdayatA, krUratA, kaThoratA, saMvedanazIlatA, svArthaparatA ke bhAva nahIM rahate haiN| vaha kisI bhI jIva ko burA nahIM samajhatA hai, ghRNA nahIM karatA hai, vaha mana se usakA burA nahIM cAhatA hai, vacana se usakI burAI nahIM karatA hai va kAyA se usakA ahita nahIM karatA hai| usameM prANI mAtra ko duHkhI dekhakara karuNA, anukampA, dayAlutA, sevA ke bhAva jAgate haiN| vaha sarva hitakArI pravRtti karatA hai, apane sAmarthya, zakti, yogyatA va pAtratA Page #277 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 228 puNya-pApa tattva kA upayoga apane nikaTavartI jIvoM ke hitArtha karatA hai| mArdava svabhAva vAle vyakti ke hRdaya meM prANimAtra ke prati mRdutA, madhuratA, AtmIyatA, prIti kA bhAva jAgRta hotA hai| usake hRdaya meM nikaTavartI prANiyoM ko sukhI dekhakara pramoda bhAva jAgRta hotA hai| usakA ahaM gala jAtA hai aura prIti bhAva jAgRta ho jAtA hai| usa prIti kA sukha sadA umar3atA rahatA hai, vaha prIti ke sukha kA upabhoga karatA rahatA hai| isase usakI viSaya bhogoM ke upabhoga kI kAmanAe~ gala jAtI haiM, jo upabhogAntarAya ke kSaya meM hetu haiN| saralatA guNa se niSkapaTatA, hRdaya meM zuddhatA AtI hai, jisase maitrI bhAva jAgRta hotA hai, mamatA bhAva galatA hai| mamatA vahIM hotI hai jahA~ kisI se kucha sukha pAne kI icchA hotI hai| maitrI meM sukha dene kI bhAvanA hotI hai, sukha pAne kI nhiiN| mitra sabhI ko bhalA lagatA hai, acchA lagatA hai, suMdara lagatA hai| mitratA se hRdaya meM sarasatA AtI hai, sarasatA se nIrasatA miTa jAtI hai| nIrasatA ke miTane se bhogoM kI kAmanA utpanna nahIM hotI hai, kyoMki nIrasatA kI bhUmi meM hI kAmanA kI utpatti hotI hai| bhogoM kI kAmanA utpanna na honA hI bhogAMtarAya kA kSaya hotA hai| ata: saralatA guNa se bhogAMtarAya kA kSaya hotA hai aura sarva prANiyoM ke prati maitrIbhAva hotA hai| usakA hRdaya sarasa rahatA hai| maitrIbhAva se mAyA kaSAya kA kSaya hotA hai, kyoMki mitratA kA nAza mAyA kaSAya se hI hotA hai| jaisA ki kahA hai - " mAyA mittANi nAse / " -dazavaikAlika sUtra 8.37 jaba vi sukha kI lolupatA, lAlasA va pralobhana miTa jAte haiM taba saMsAra meM kucha bhI pAnA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| pAnA zeSa na rahane se vastu, bhoga, upabhoga Adi kI kAmanA zeSa nahIM rahatI hai| kAmanA zeSa na rahane se abhAva kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| yahI dAnAMtarAya, lAbhAMtarAya, bhogAMtarAya, upabhogAMtarAya kA kSaya hai, saccI sampannatA hai| pAnA zeSa na rahane se karanA Page #278 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma --- --------229 zeSa nahIM rahatA hai, yahI kRta-kRtya honA hai, yahI vIryAntarAya kA kSaya hai| jise bhoga-vilAsa kA, viSayoM kA sukha nahIM cAhie use apane sukha ke lie saMsAra meM koI bhI vastu nahIM caahiye| vaha kisI se kucha bhI AzA nahIM rakhatA hai| yahA~ taka ki apane pAsa jo zarIra, indriyAdi vastue~, yogyatAe~ va sAmarthya hai unheM bhI apane sukha ke lie nahIM mAnakara saMsAra ke hitArtha mAnatA hai| usameM asIma-anaMta audArya guNa prakaTa ho jAtA hai| ise anaMta dAna kahA hai| jise apane lie kisI bhI vastu, deza, kAla, paristhiti Adi kI kAmanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai, vaha sadA ke lie abhAva se mukta ho jAtA hai| yahI anaMta lAbha, anaMta aizvarya hai| ata: jisane bhoga sukha kA tyAga kara diyA usameM bahirmukhI vRtti nahIM rahatI, jisase nija svabhAva ke, svAdhInatA ke, mukti ke pUrva akhaNDa avyAbAdha sukha kA anubhava hotA hai, yahI anaMta bhoga hai| ahaM bhAva miTane se mArdava, mAdhurya guNa prakaTa hotA hai jisameM prIti kA rasa umar3atA rahatA hai| phira use kisI upabhoga kI AvazyakatA nahIM rahatI, yahI anaMta upabhoga hai| yaha niyama hai ki kAraNa ke anusAra hI kArya hotA hai| isI niyamAnusAra sampannatA aura vipannatA kA saMbaMdha, AMtarika sadguNoMsadpravRttiyoM se evaM durguNoM-duSpravRttiyoM se hai| jisake aMta:karaNa meM sukhalolupatA, dveSa, ghRNA, vaira-bhAva, krodha, ghamaMDa, chala-chadma, lobha, bhogavilAsa, svArthaparatA, kRpaNatA, krUratA, mithyAbhimAna, kadAgraha kA nivAsa hai usakA citta sadA azAMta, cintita, bhayabhIta tathA abhAva, dvandva, hInabhAva, dInabhAva, nIrasatA va daridratA se grasta hI rahatA hai, cAhe usake pAsa apAra dhana sampatti bhI ho| usakI dhana-sampatti usake citta kI ina aniSTa dazAoM se chuTakArA nahIM dilA sktii| isake viparIta jisake aMta:karaNa meM kSamAzIlatA, dayAlutA, vatsalatA, sahRdayatA, saralatA, Page #279 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 230--- --- puNya-pApa tattva sajjanatA, vinayatA, mRdutA, udAratA, muditA Adi sadguNoM kA, sAdhutva kA, nivAsa hai, usake citta meM samatA, zAMti, prasannatA, prIti kA paramAnaMda laharAtA rahatA hai| use kisI kI bhI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| vahI saMpattizAlI hai| kahA bhI hai-"ekAMta sukhI saadhu-viitraagii|" sAdhu va vItarAgI ke samasta samrAT va seTha sira namAte haiN| sAdhu samrAT se adhika sukhI, sampanna va puNyavAna hotA hai jabaki sAdhuoM ke pAsa bAhya vastue~ bhUmi, bhavana Adi samrAToM va seThoM kI tulanA meM kucha bhI nahIM hotI haiN| samasta kAmanAoM se mukta aMta:karaNa kI pUrNa saMtoSa avasthA se hI zAMti va Ananda kI anubhUti hotI hai, yahI sukha hai-vAstavika sampatti hai| kAmanA pUrti se prAraMbha hone vAlA sukha mithyA bhramAtmaka va kSaNika hotA hai| isake pazcAt sukha prApti ke lie usI kAmanA pUrti kI jAti kI anya aneka kAmanAoM kA janma hotA hai| una kAmanAoM kI jitanI pUrti hotI hai, unase milane vAlA sukha utanI hI adhika kAmanAoM ko janma detA hai aura yaha krama taba taka calatA rahatA hai jaba taka vaha zArIrika va mAnasika rUpa se thakakara nirAza nahIM ho jAtA hai| kAmanA meM hI samasta dAruNa sukha aMtarnihita hai| niSkAma honA hI samatA ke sAmrAjya meM praveza karanA hai| yahI vAstavika sampannatA hai| sampannatA ___yaha niyama hai ki viSayoM kI kAmanA pUrti se sukha ke bhogI ko duHkha bhoganA hI par3atA hai athavA yoM kaheM ki du:kha usI ko bhoganA par3atA hai jo viSaya-sukha kA bhogI hai, kAmI hai| ata: du:kha se chUTane kA ekamAtra yahI upAya hai ki hama viSaya-sukha kI kAmanA kA tyAga kareM, paraMtu yahIM yaha prazna upasthita hotA hai ki yadi hama isa sukha kA tyAga kara deM to phira hamArA jIvita rahane kA koI artha hI nahIM raha jAtA hai arthAt hamArA Page #280 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ -----------------231 sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma - jIvita rahanA vyartha ho jAtA hai| ata: hameM jIvana meM sukha to cAhie hii| isa prakAra hamAre sAmane do sthitiyA~ haiN| eka to yaha hai ki kAmanA pUrti ke sukha ke bhogI ko du:kha bhoganA hI par3atA hai aura hameM du:kha bhoganA pasaMda nahIM hai aura dUsarI yaha hai ki yadi hama isa sukha ko tyAga dete haiM to sukha rahita jIvana bhI hameM pasaMda nahIM hai, yaha hamAre sAmane samasyA hai| isa samasyA kA samAdhAna tabhI saMbhava hai jaba hameM aisA sukha mile jisake sAtha duHkha jur3A na ho, du:kha rahita sukha ho| duHkha rahita sukha pAne ke lie hameM sukha kI vividhatAoM para vicAra karanA hogaa| sukha kA eka rUpa yA prakAra to hai indriyabhoga se prApta viSayasukha; jo iSTa padArtha khAne, dekhane, sUMghane, sunane Adi indriyoM ke bhoga se milatA hai aura sukha kA dUsarA rUpa yA prakAra hai AdhyAtmika sukha; jo sevA, tyAga, asaMgatA, mitratA, udAratA Adi sadguNoM se milatA hai arthAt jaba citta zAMta hotA hai to usako apanA eka sukha yA rasa milatA hai, jise zAMta rasa kahate haiN| isI prakAra jaba hama kisI kI sevA karate haiM, jisase usakA duHkha dUra hotA hai to usase hameM prasannatA hotI hai| kisI guNavAna, udAracettA puruSa ko dekhate haiM to hameM pramoda hotA hai| yaha prasannatA va pramoda bhI eka prakAra kA sukha hai| isI prakAra zarIra aura saMsAra se asaMga hone se, dehAtIta-lokAtIta hone se svAdhInatA kA, mukti kA anubhava hotA hai| isakA bhI apanA sukha hai| prathama prakAra kA sukha jo zarIra, indriya va saMsAra kI vastuoM ke bhoga se saMbaMdhita hai usa sukha ke sAtha parAdhInatA, vivazatA, paravazatA, jar3atA, mUr3hatA, zaktihInatA, nIrasatA, roga, bur3hApA, abhAva, atRpti Adi samasta du:kha aise hI jur3e hue haiM, jaise kAyA ke sAtha chaayaa| prakRti kA yaha aTala niyama hai ki viSaya-sukha ke sAtha du:kha rahatA hI hai| Page #281 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 232------ --- puNya-pApa tattva viSaya sukha kI pratIti viSaya bhoga va bhoga kI vastuoM se hotI hai| ata: jahA~ viSaya sukha kA bhoga hai vahA~ aprApta vastuoM kI kAmanA, prApta vastuoM ke prati mamatA va tAdAtmya tathA svArthaparatA rahatI hI hai| kAmanA se azAMti kI, mamatA se parAdhInatA kI, tAdAtmya se jar3atA kI, svArthaparatA se saMkIrNatA kI utpatti hotI hI hai| azAMti, parAdhInatA, jar3atA, saMkIrNatA kisI ko bhI pasaMda nahIM haiN| ye sabhI ko duHkha rUpa hI lagatI haiN| ata: ina du:khoM se mukti pAne ke lie viSaya-sukha tathA kAmanA, mamatA, tAdAtmya kA tyAga karanA hI hogaa| akSaya sukha __ kAmanA ke tyAga se zAnti va saMpannatA kI anubhUti hotI hai| zAMti kA rasa yA sukha kAmanA pUrti ke sukha kI taraha pratikSaNa kSINa hone vAlA nahIM hotA hai pratyuta akSaya va akSuNNa hotA hai| jaba taka punaH kAmanA kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai taba taka zAnti va sampannatA kA sukha barAbara banA rahatA hai| isameM kamI yA kSINatA nahIM AtI hai aura na yaha nIrasatA meM hI badalatA hai| ata: zAMti va saMpannatA kA rasa yA sukha akSaya sukha hai jisakI upalabdhi kAmanA tyAga se hI saMbhava hai| avyAbAdha sukha mamatA ke tyAga se svAdhInatA kI anubhUti hotI hai| svAdhInatA se sva rasa, nija rasa, avinAzI rasa yA sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai| yaha sukhAnubhUti avinAzI svarUpa kI hotI hai| ata: yaha bhI avinAzI hotI hai| svAdhInatA svAzrita hone se usake sukha meM vighna va bAdhA DAlane meM koI bhI samartha nahIM ho sktaa| svAdhInatA hI mukti hai| ata: svAdhInatA yA mukti kA sukha abAdhita, avyAbAdha, akhaMDa hotA hai| yaha akSaya to hotA hI hai, pUrNa hone se akhaMDa bhI hotA hai| Page #282 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma --------- -----233 ananta sukha kAmanA-mamatA ke tyAgane para zarIra va saMsAra se tAdAtmya yA ahaMbhAva miTa jAtA hai, jisake miTate hI rAga-rahita vItarAga avasthA kA anubhava hotA hai| rAga-rahita hote hI ananta prema kA prAdurbhAva hotA hai, phira prema kA rasa sAgara kI laharoM kI taraha laharAtA hai, sadaiva umar3atA rahatA hai, isa rasa kI na to kSati hotI hai, na nivRtti hotI hai, na pUrti hotI hai, na apUrti hotI hai, na tRpti hotI hai, na atRpti hotI hai| yaha sukha kSatirahita hone se akSaya, nivRtta nahIM hone se avyAbAdha, pUrti-apUrti rahita hone se akhaMDa-pUrNa evaM tRpti-atRpti rahita hone se ananta nitya nUtana hotA hai| yaha vilakSaNa rasa hai, ata: buddhigamya nahIM hokara anubhava gamya hai| ananta vaibhava va sampannatA ___ maitrIbhAva yA prema kI prApti vahIM hotI hai jahA~ svArthaparatA nahIM hai| jahA~ svArthaparatA hai vahA~ dRSTi apane hI sukha para rahatI hai, bhale hI isase dUsaroM kA ahita ho yA unheM du:kha ho| isase saMgharSa aura saMtApa utpanna hotA hai| svArthI vyakti simaTa yA sikur3a kara eka saMkIrNa se, choTe-se ghere meM Abaddha ho jAtA hai| usakI saMvedanazIlatA tirohita ho jAtI hai| usake hRdaya meM krUratA, kaThoratA va jar3atA A jAtI hai| phira vaha hiMsaka pazu se bhI nimna stara vAlA dAnava kA jIvana jIne lagatA hai| pazu ke samAna hI indriya bhoga to bhogane hI lagatA hai sAtha hI amAnavIya adhama vyavahAra bhI karane lagatA hai aura pariNAma meM bhayaMkara du:kha bhogatA hai| isake viparIta jo prApta sAmagrI, yogyatA, bala kA upayoga udAratApUrvaka dUsaroM ke hita meM karatA hai use isa sevA se jo prasannatA yA sukha milatA hai, vaha nirAlA hI hotA hai| yaha sukha pratikSaNa kSINa hone vAlA nahIM hotA hai, akSuNNa yA akSaya rasa vAlA hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaba-jaba use pUrvakRta sevA Page #283 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 234 --- ---- puNya-pApa tattva kI ghaTanA kI smRti AtI hai, hRdaya prema va prasannatA se bhara jAtA hai, arthAt sevA kA sukha nitya nUtana rahatA hai kabhI purAnA nahIM hotA hai, jabaki svArthI va bhogI vyakti ko jaba-jaba pUrva meM bhoge bhoga kI ghaTanA kI smRti AtI hai taba-taba usake hRdaya se puna: usa bhoga ko bhogane kI kAmanA utpanna hotI hai jisase hRdaya meM azAMti va abhAva utpanna ho jAtA hai arthAt bhoga ke sukha kA pariNAma zUnya, daridratA va du:kha hai tathA sevA ke sukha kA pariNAma, nitya nUtana va akSaya rasa kI upalabdhi evaM saMpannatA hai| sevaka kA hRdaya udAra hotA hai| udAratA vibhutA pradAna karatI hai| vibhutA kA hI dUsarA nAma vaibhava hai, saMpannatA hai| tAtparya yaha hai ki sevaka vaibhavayukta evaM sampanna tathA svArthI vyakti abhAvayukta va daridra hotA hai| kAraNa ki sevaka kA hRdaya sadaiva prema ke rasa se sarasa va harA bharA rahatA hai| usameM nIrasatA, sUnApana, UbanA, riktatA, khAlIpana nahIM AtA hai| yaha niyama hai ki jahA~ nIrasatA hotI hai vahA~ hI nIrasatA ko miTAne ke lie navIna sukha pAne kI kAmanA utpanna hotI hai| prema ke binA nIrasatA jAtI hI nahIM, prema ke binA zAnti kA rasa yA sukha sthAyI nahIM ho sakatA tathA svAdhInatA kA sukha dRr3ha nahIM ho sktaa| tAtparya yaha hai ki kAmanA rahita hone se zAnti kA aura rAga, mamatA va moha rahita hone se mukti va svAdhInatA kA rasa milatA hai, jisakI aMtima pariNati ananta karuNA, ananta prema ke rasa meM hotI hai, jisake sAtha hI ananta aizvarya (lAbha) ananta saundarya (bhoga), ananta mAdhurya (upabhoga), ananta sAmarthya (vIrya) kI abhivyakti hotI hai| yahI saccI saMpannatA hai| Azaya yaha hai ki zAMti kA rasa akSaya hone para bhI prema ke abhAva meM Tika nahIM sktaa| ata: zAnti meM ramaNa na kara mukti aura prIti ke rasa kI upalabdhi kA puruSArtha karanA caahiye| zAnti kA sampAdana acchA hai Page #284 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ sampannatA puNya kA aura vipannatA pApa kA pariNAma ---- ------- 235 parantu zAMti meM ramaNa karanA pragati meM bAdhA hai| zAnti meM ramaNa na karane se zAnti, mukti meM aura mukti prIti meM pariNata ho jAtI hai| yahI kaivalya kI upalabdhi hai| Azaya yaha hai ki sampanna vahI hai jo kamI rahita hai, abhAva rahita hai| abhAva va kamI daridratA kI dyotaka hai| abhAva kA anubhava tabhI hotA hai jaba kucha pAne kI kAmanA ho aura usakI prApti na ho| vastu kI prApti zrama, zakti va kAla para nirbhara karatI hai| ata: kAmanA-pUrti tatkAla nahIM hotI hai aura jaba taka kAmanA kI pUrti nahIM hotI taba taka kAmanA apUrti-janya abhAva kA anubhava hotA hai jo daridratA kA hI rUpa hai| ata: kAmanA apUrti kI avasthAoM meM daridratA va abhAva (alAbha) kA du:kha bhoganA hI par3atA hai| yaha sarvavidita hai ki saba kAmanAoM kI pUrti kisI kI kabhI bhI nahIM hotI, kevala kucha kAmanAoM kI hI pUrti hotI hai| ata: mAnava mAtra ko kAmanA-apUrti janya abhAva (kamI va dAridrya) kA du:kha sadA banA hI rahatA hai| yahI nahIM, jisa kAmanA kI pUrti ho jAtI hai usase jo sukha pratIta hotA hai, vaha sukha bhI pratikSaNa kSINa hotA huA aMta meM nIrasatA meM badala jAtA hai| isa prakAra kAmanA pUrti se sukha pAne rUpa jisa uddezya kI siddhi huI, usa siddhi ke milane na milane kA artha samAna ho jAtA hai| kAmanA pUrti janita rasa (sukha) nIrasatA meM badalatA hI hai| nIrasatA kisI ko bhI pasanda nahIM hai| ata: nIrasatA miTAne ke lie navIna kAmanA kI utpatti hotI hai| isa prakAra kAmanA pUrti ke sAtha kAmanA kI utpatti jur3I huI hai aura kAmanA utpatti ke sAtha abhAva, daridratA Adi du:kha jur3e hue haiN| ata: kAmanA apUrti se hI nahIM, kAmanA pUrti se bhI abhAva, daridratA Adi du:kha jur3e hue haiN| tAtparya yaha nikalA ki kAmanA kI utpatti Page #285 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 236 --- puNya-pApa tattva ho, cAhe kAmanA kI apUrti ho, cAhe kAmanA kI pUrti ho sabhI avasthAoM meM abhAva va daridratA jur3I huI hai| ata: kAmanA ke tyAga se hI daridratA kA aMta saMbhava hai| daridratA kA aMta hI samRddhi kA, saMpannatA kA sUcaka hai| kAraNa ki kAmanA na rahane para kucha bhI pAnA zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| 'pAnA' zeSa na rahanA hI saccI samRddhi va sampannatA hai| pUrNa rUpa meM kAmanA rahita honA dAna, lAbha, bhoga, upabhoga va karane kI lezamAtra bhI kAmanA na rahanA vItarAga honA hai| ata: vItarAgatA se hI saccI samRddhi va sampannatA kI upalabdhi hotI hai, jisakA aMta kabhI nahIM hotA hai| jahA~ vItarAgatA hai vahA~ anaMta samRddhi, anaMta saMpannatA, anaMta vaibhava hai| 000 Page #286 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (25)] puNya kA pAlana : pApa kA prakSAlana 0 0 0 0 0 AtmA jisase pavitra ho, vaha puNya hai| AtmA kSAyopazamika, kSAyika va aupazamika bhAva se pavitra hotI hai| kSAyopazamika, kSAyika va aupazamika bhAva mokSa ke hetu haiN|' ina bhAvoM se kaSAya kSINa hotA hai| kaSAya kSINa-(kSaya) hone se sattA meM sthita pApa karmoM ke sthitibaMdha evaM anubhAga-baMdha kA apakarSaNa (kSaya) hotA hai arthAt pApa karmoM kI nirjarA hotI hai| kaSAya kI kSINatA se AdhyAtmika (AMtarika) evaM bhautika (bAhya) vikAsa hotA hai| AdhyAtmika vikAsa se ghAtI aura aghAtI karmoM kI samasta pApa prakRtiyA~ kSINa hotI haiM jisase AtmA kI zuddhi meM vRddhi hotI hai| bhautika vikAsa se zarIra, indriya, prANa Adi kI upalabdhi hotI hai arthAt puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| zubha (puNya) se apane ko bacAnA pApa hai| (a) puNya ke upArjana se pApa ke Asrava kA nirodha hotA hai| 0 Page #287 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 238 puNya-pApa tattva pApAsrava kA nirodha saMvara hai| pApa aura puNya karmoM kA phala unake anubhAga ke rUpa meM milatA hai| ataH pApa-puNya kA AdhAra unakA anubhAga hai|' sthitibaMdha va pradeza baMdha meM phala dene kI zakti nahIM hai| sthiti baMdha evaM pradeza baMdha kI nyUnAdhikatA se karmoM kA phala nyUnAdhika nahIM hotA hai| puNya ke anubhAga kA sarjana kaSAya ke kSaya se (kamI se) hotA hai, kaSAya ke udaya se nahIM hotA hai| kaSAya kA pUrNa kSaya kSapaka zreNI meM hotA hai| ata: vahIM badhyamAna puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha hotA hai| puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga utkRSTa hone para antarmuhUrtta pazcAt kevalajJAna ho jAtA hai| puNya kA anubhAga utkRSTa hone para puNya paripUrNa ho jAtA hai phira puNya kA upArjana zeSa nahIM rahatA hai| ata: vItarAga ke sAtA vedanIya ko chor3akara anya kisI puNya karma kA upArjana nahIM hotA hai| puNya ke pradezoM kA arjana (puNyAzrava) aura puNya ke anubhAga kA sarjana kaSAya ke kSaya (kSINatA) arthAt zuddhopayoga se hI hotA hai| azuddhopayoga se nahIM hotA hai| azuddhopayoga se pApa kA Azrava hI hotA hai| ' zuddha AtmA ke abhimukha karane vAle pariNAma athavA aupazamika, kSAyopazamika, kSAyika bhAva zuddhopayoga hai|" puNya ke pariNAma se pUrva saMcita pApa karmoM ke sthiti baMdha evaM anubhAga baMdha kA apavartana (kSaya) hotA hai evaM pApa karmoM kA puNya Page #288 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 0 000000 puNya kA pAlana : pApa kA prakSAlana ---. -------239 karmoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai| jisase pApa karmoM ke prakRtibaMdha va pradezabaMdha kA kSaya hotA hai| ata: puNya kA pariNAma pApa karmoM ke prakRti baMdha, sthiti baMdha, anubhAga baMdha aura pradeza baMdha, ina cAroM prakAra ke bandhanoM ke kSaya meM hetu hai| puNya kI samasta prakRtiyA~ aghAtI hI hotI haiM, sarvaghAtI va dezaghAtI nahIM hotI hai, ata: puNya se AtmA ke kisI guNa kA kabhI bhI aMza mAtra bhI ghAta nahIM hotA hai| puNya karma cAra haiM- vedanIya karma, gotra karma, nAma karma aura Ayu krm| ina cAroM karmoM kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana cAroM kaSAyoM ke kSaya (kSINatA) se hotA hai| krodha (dveSa, krUratA) kaSAya ke kSaya va kamI se (anukaMpA, karuNA Adi) se sAtA vedanIya kA upArjana hotA hai|' mAna kaSAya (mada) ke kSaya va kamI se (nirabhimAnatA, vinamratA se) uccagautra kA upArjana hotA hai| mAyA (vakratA) kaSAya ke kSaya va kamI se (RjutA se) zubha nAma karma kA upArjana hotA hai|' lobha kaSAya ke kSaya se (saMtoSa se) va kamI se zubha Ayu karma kA upArjana hotA hai| ina cAroM karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyoM kA Azrava va baMdha uparyukta cAroM kaSAyoM ke udaya se hotA hai|" puNya kA Asrava (pradeza) va anubhAga kA sarjana kaSAya ke kSaya (kSINatA) se hotA hai| parantu puNya karma kA sthiti baMdha (zubha Ayu karma ko chor3akara) udaya meM rahe zeSa kaSAyoM se hotA hai| Page #289 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 240 0 --- puNya-pApa tattva puNya ke anubhAga kI vRddhi sthiti baMdha kA kSaya karane vAlI hotI hai| vItarAga kevalI ke mukti-prApti ke antima samaya meM jaba taka pApa-puNya karmoM kA pUrNa kSaya hotA hai taba taka puNya kA anubhAga utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| aMza mAtra bhI kSaya nahIM hotA hai| kevalI samudghAta se bhI utkRSTa anubhAga meM kSINatA nahIM AtI hai| puNya karma ke sthiti-baMdha kA kSaya pApa karma ke sthiti baMdha ke kSaya ke sAtha svata: hotA jAtA hai, isake lie kisI sAdhanA kI AvazyakatA nahIM hotI hai| puNya karma kisI bhI guNa kA ghAtaka nahIM hai| puNya karma kA udaya evaM usakA sadupayoga AtmotthAna meM sahAyaka hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki puNya ke anubhAga kI vRddhi se pApa tathA puNya donoM karmoM ke sthiti baMdha (tIna zubha Ayu ko chor3akara) kA apavartana hotA hai, jisase saMsAra ghaTatA hai| ata: anaMta puNya kA upArjana saMsAra bhramaNa ghaTAne meM sahAyaka hone se upAdeya hai| manuSya bhava ke binA mukti nahIM milatI hai aura manuSya bhava anaMta puNya se hI milatA hai| ata: anaMta puNyavAna ko hI mukti milatI hai| puNya kA bhAvAtmaka va AMtarika rUpa saralatA, mRdutA, vinamratA, karuNA Adi guNa haiN| ye jIva ke svabhAva haiN| puNya kA kriyAtmaka va bAhya rUpa dAna, dayA, sevA, svAdhyAya, saMta-carcA, sat-ciMtana Adi haiN| puNya kA Antarika phala pApa karmoM kA kSaya karanA hai aura puNya kA bAhya va AnuSaMgika phala zarIra, indriya Adi kI upalabdhi hai, puNya karma prakRtiyoM kA upArjana hai| yaha phala na sAdhya hai, na sAdhanA hai, apitu sAdhanA kA sahayogI aMga hai| Page #290 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya kA pAlana : pApa kA prakSAlana ---- ------- 241 0 pApa karma lohe kI ber3I ke samAna saMsAra kArAgAra meM Abaddha karane vAlA hai, ata: akalyANakArI hai, doSa hai, dUSaNa hai| puNya karma svarNAbhUSaNa (nAgalyA) ke samAna jIvana kA zRGgAra hai, zobhAspada hai| svarNa kI ber3I nahIM hai|' sArAMza yaha hai ki puNya ke pAlana se pApa kA prakSAlana hotA hai| 4 jisase mukti kI prApti hotI hai| athavA yoM kaheM ki pApa to karane para hI hotA hai| jabaki 'puNya' pApa ke prakSAlana se, kSayopazama bhAva se evaM doSoM ke tyAga se svata: hotA hai| saMdarbha grantha 1- tattvArtha sUtra, adhyayana 6, sUtra 2-3 kI rAjavArttika TIkA va anya prAcIna ttiikaaeN| 2- jayadhavalA pustaka 1, pRSTha 5 tathA dhavalA pustaka 7, pRSTha 9 / 3- paMcasaMgraha kA udvartana, apavartana, saMkramaNa prakaraNa 3 (a) tattvArthasUtra a. 6 sUtra 3 kI sarvArtha siddhi TIkA meM 'rakSati AtmAnaM zubhAditi paapm'| 4- tattvArtha sUtra, adhyayana 6, sUtra 2-3 kI rAjavArttika ttiikaa| 5- jaya dhavalA pustaka 1, pRSTha 96 gAthA 52 / 6- AgamabhASayaupazamikakSAyopazamikakSAyikaM bhAvatrayaM bhnnyte| adhyAtmabhASayA punaH zuddhAtmAbhimukhapariNAma: zuddhopayoga- ityAdiparyAyasaMjJAM lbhte|| - samayasAra tAtparyavRtti gAthA 320, dravyasaMgraha TIkA, gAthA 45 / 8-9-10-11 bhagavatI sUtra zataka 8 uddezaka 9, zataka 7 uddezaka 6 tathA tattvArtha sUtra adhyayana 6 sUtra 12 se 24 tk| 12- dhavalA pustaka 12, pRSTha 18 / 13- bahuzruta paM. zrI samarthamalajI ma.sA., zrI rUpacandajI kaTAriyA Adi ke sAtha samayasAra kI gAthA para vicaar| 14- mUka mATI meM puNya prakaraNa, lekhaka-AcArya zrI vidyAsAgarajI m.saa.| Page #291 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (26) puNya : sone kI ber3I nahIM, AbhUSaNa hai viSaya-kaSAya janya sukhoM kI pUrti apane se bhinna (para) padArthoM se hotI hai| aisA sukha-bhoga vikAra hai, vibhAva hai, doSa hai| indriyoM ke viSaya bhoga, sammAna, satkAra Adi kI pUrti zarIra, indriya, vastu, vyakti paristhiti, bala Adi ke adhIna hai| ata: viSaya-kaSAya kA bhogI vyakti zarIra, indriya, mana, vastu, vyakti, paristhiti, dhana-sampatti Adi kA dAsa yA parAdhIna ho jAtA hai, inase baMdha jAtA hai| ata: bhoga se vyakti zarIra, indriya, bhogya vastuoM Adi kI parAdhItanA meM baMdhanoM meM, kArAgAra meM Abaddha ho jAtA hai| isa prakAra pApa ber3I to lohe kI hI hotI hai, ber3I kahIM para bhI, kabhI bhI svarNa kI nahIM banAyI jAtI hai| ata: sone kI ber3I kahanA ber3I zabda ke artha ko khonA hai| viSaya-kaSAya Adi pApoM kA sevana karane vAlA vyakti apane sukha prApti ke lie hiMsA, jhUTha, zoSaNa, apaharaNa, dhokhAdhar3I, kalaha, saMgharSa Adi azobhanIya, anAdaraNIya AcaraNa karatA hai| ata: doSa dUSaNa haiN| ___ pApa ke viparIta puNya hai| krodha, mAna, mAyA aura lobha rUpa kaSAyoM meM pApoM meM kamI hone va inakA kSaya hone se kSamA, mRdutA, saralatA, sajjanatA, vinamratA, udAratA, vatsalatA Adi guNa prakaTa hote haiM, jinase AtmA pavitra hotI hai| doSoM-pApoM kA kSaya honA, guNoM kA prakaTa honA Page #292 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ----243 puNya : sone kI ber3I nahIM, AbhUSaNa hai ------- aura AtmA kA pavitra honA ye tInoM yugapat hote haiM, ina tInoM meM ekatA evaM abhinnatA hai| doSoM va pApoM kA kSaya honA, guNoM kA prakaTa honA, Atma-svabhAva kA prakaTa honA hai, AtmA dharma hai aura AtmA kA pavitra honA puNya hai| isa prakAra pApa kA kSaya, dharma aura puNya ye tInoM eka hI avasthA ke rUpa haiN| pApa-kaSAyoM ke kSaya va kamI se kSamA, mRdutA, saralatA Adi Atma-guNoM kA prakaTa honA AtmA ke lie zobhAspada hai tathA ina guNoM kA kriyAtmaka rUpa, sahRdayatA, vinamratA, saMvedanazIlatA, madhuratA, sajjanatA, udAratA, paropakAra, sevA Adi sadpravRttiyA~ vyakti ke jIvana ke lie zobhAspada hai tathA ina sadpravRttiyoM se suMdara samAja kA nirmANa hotA hai, jo samAja ke lie zobhAspada hai| isa prakAra puNya AtmA, jIvana evaM samAja ina sabake liye zobhAspada hone se alaMkAra hai, AbhUSaNa hai, ber3I nhiiN| bhUSaNa hai, dUSaNa nhiiN| puNya ko AbhUSaNa kI upamA denA bhI eka artha meM apUrNa haiN| kAraNa ki AbhUSaNa zarIra para sadaiva dhAraNa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai tathA zarIra se AbhUSaNa pRthak hotA hai| ata: yaha upamA sadpravRtti rUpa puNya para hI ghaTita hotI hai| Atma-guNoM ke prakaTa hone rUpa puNya para ghaTita nahIM hotI hai| Atma-guNa AtmA ke abhinna aMga hai, jo AtmA se alaga nahIM hote haiM aura sadpravRtti yadA-kadA hotI hai, nirantara nhiiN| ata: AtmaguNa to zarIra ke samAna haiM aura sadpravRtti AbhUSaNa ke samAna hai| Azaya yaha hai ki ber3I kArAgAra kI parAdhInatA kI dyotaka hai| kArAgAra usI ko milatA hai jo aparAdhI va doSI hai| kArAgAra kI zreNI meM bheda va bhinnatA kA kAraNa aparAdhI ke aparAdha meM bheda va bhinnatA honA hai| parantu kArAgAra kisI bhI zreNI kA ho, vaha aparAdhI ko hI milatA hai, niraparAdhI ko nhiiN| ata: ber3I lohe kI ho athavA svarNa kI ho, vaha doSa va aparAdha kI arthAt pApa kI hI sUcaka hai, puNya kI nhiiN| 000 Page #293 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ (27) puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya ( pustaka kA sAra saMkSepa) jisase AtmA pavitra ho vaha puNya hai| AtmA pavitra hotI hai-rAga, dveSa, viSaya, kaSAya Adi doSoM meM kamI Ane se| ataH puNya nirdoSatA kA dyotaka hai| nirdoSatA vibhAva evaM adharma nahIM hai| isake viparIta jisase AtmA kA patana ho vaha pApa hai| AtmA kA patana rAga-dveSa, viSaya-kaSAya Adi doSoM kI vRddhi se hotA hai| ata: pApa doSa kA dyotaka hai, doSa adharma hai| dayA, dAna, karuNA, sevA Adi sadpravRttiyoM se puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| hiMsA, jhUTha, krUratA, rAga-dveSa, viSaya-vAsanA Adi duSpravRttiyoM se pApa kA upArjana hotA hai| saMyama, tyAga, tapa, saMvara, vrata, pratyAkhyAna Adi samasta nivRttiparaka sAdhanAoM se puNya kI asIma vRddhi hotI hai aura pApa kA kSaya hotA hai| isake viparIta viSaya - kaSAya, asaMyama Adi se puNya kA kSaya aura pApa kI vRddhi hotI hai| puNya kI vRddhi se pApa prakRtiyoM kA puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa ho Page #294 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ ---245 puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya ----- jAtA hai, ata: puNya se pApa kA kSaya hotA hai| isake viparIta pApa kI vRddhi se puNya prakRtiyoM kA pApa prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA hai, ata: pApa se puNya kA kSaya hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki puNya kI vRddhi hotI hai to pApa kSINa hotA hai aura pApa kI vRddhi hotI to puNya meM kSINatA hotI hai| ata: pApa aura puNya eka-dUsare ke virodhI haiM, sahayogI nahIM haiN| puNya se Atma-guNoM kA vikAsa hotA hai aura pApa se Atma-guNoM kA hrAsa hotA hai| ata: puNya AtmA kA bhUSaNa hai aura pApa AtmA kA dUSaNa hai| puNya prakRtiyA~ pUrNa rUpa se aghAtI haiN| inase AtmA ke kisI bhI guNa kA lezamAtra bhI ghAta nahIM hotA hai| pratyuta puNya Atma-guNoM ke vikAsa meM sahAyaka hai| ata: puNya maMgalakArI, kalyANakArI aura pApa vinAzaka hai| samyaktvI ke puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA hanana va kSaya nahIM hotA hai| kevala pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA hI hanana yA kSaya hotA hai| vItarAga kevalI ke mukti-prApti ke pUrva taka puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga kA lezamAtra bhI hanana nahIM hotA hai arthAt puNya kA anubhAga utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| usake mukti-prApti ke aMtima samaya taka ucca gotra, Adeya, yazakIrti Adi puNya prakRtiyoM ke utkRSTa anubhAga kA udaya jyoM kA tyoM rahatA hai| Page #295 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 246 puNya-pApa tattva puNya ke anubhAga kA sarjana na to yoga se hotA hai aura na kaSAya se hotA hai| apitu kaSAya kI kamI se hotA hai arthAt vizuddhi bhAva se, saMyama, saMvara, tyAga, tapa rUpa dharma se, Atma-zuddhi se hotA hai| puNya Atma-zuddhi kA phala hai| puNya prakRtiyoM kA sthiti-baMdha pApa prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha kI nyUnAdhikatA ke sAtha-sAtha svata: nyUna va adhika hotA rahatA hai, kyoMki tIna Ayu ko chor3akara samasta pApa-puNya karma prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha kA samAna rUpa se kaSAya hI kAraNa hai| kaSAya ke ghaTane se sattA meM sthita samasta puNya-pApa prakRtiyoM kA sthiti baMdha svataH ghaTatA hai tathA kaSAya ke bar3hane se bar3hatA hai| sthiti baMdha kaSAya se hotA hai| ataH kaSAya se jitanA pApa prakRtiyoM kA sthiti baMdha hotA hai usakI tulanA meM puNya prakRtiyoM kA sthiti baMdha kama hotA hai tathA pApa ke sthiti baMdha ke kSaya ke sAtha puNya prakRtiyoM ke sthiti baMdha kA kSaya svataH ho jAtA hai| puNya ke sthiti-baMdha ke kSaya ke lie alaga se koI prayatna nahIM karanA par3atA hai| puNya ke anubhAga kA kSaya kisI bhI sAdhanA se saMbhava nahIM hai| sAdhanA se to puNya kA anubhAga bar3hatA hI hai, ata: mukti meM jAne ke lie puNya ke kSaya kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| AvazyakatA hai pApa ke kSaya kI / yaha niyama hai ki jitanA puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga bar3hatA jAtA hai utanI hI unakI sthiti ghaTatI jAtI hai| puNya kI sthiti bar3hatI Page #296 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya ---- --------- 247 hai to puNya kA anubhAga ghaTatA hai| puNya prakRti ke anubhAga aura sthiti meM virodha hai| puNya kA anubhAga zubha aura sthiti azubha hai| kisI bhI sAdhaka ke kevalajJAna-prApti meM puNya prakRtiyoM kA udaya bAdhaka nahIM hai, kyoMki puNya prakRtiyA~ pUrNa rUpa se aghAtI hone se jIva ke kisI guNa kA aMza mAtra bhI ghAta nahIM karatI haiN| yadi mukti-prApti ke samaya puNya ke chUTa jAne se puNya ko heya mAnA jAya to usa samaya yathAkhyAta cAritra bhI chUTa jAtA hai| ataH yathAkhyAta cAritra ko bhI heya mAnanA hogA jo Agama-viruddha hai| pApa-puNya karmoM kA phala unake anubhAga ke rUpa meM hI milatA hai| vItarAga kevalI ke Adeya, yazakIrti Adi samasta puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga utkRSTa hotA hai aura mukti-prApti ke aMtima samaya taka utkRSTa hI rahatA hai| ata: puNya kA phala kiMcit bhI heya va tyAjya nahIM hai| puNya sone ke AbhUSaNa ke samAna hai jisase Atma-guNoM kI zobhA bar3hatI hai, AbhUSaNa saubhAgya kA dyotaka hotA hai| puNya auSadhi ke samAna hai jo rAga, dveSa, viSaya, vAsanA, kaSAya, bhoga Adi vikAroM ko, rogoM ko miTAtA hai| puNya IMdhana ke samAna hai jo pApa rUpa doSoM ko jalAkara svayaM zAMta ho jAtA hai| puNya naukA ke samAna hai jisa para car3hakara sAdhaka siddhi pA letA Page #297 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 248 puNya-pApa tattva hai| naukA chUTa jAne se naukA heya yA tyAjya nahIM ho jAtI hai| vaise hI puNya chUTa jAne se puNya heya nahIM ho jAtA hai| mithyAtvI jIva puNya se hI pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga kama karake samyagdarzana ke sammukha hotA hai| mithyAtvI jIva ke puNya kA anubhAga bar3hakara jaba taka catu:sthAnika nahIM ho jAtA hai taba taka vaha samyagdarzana ke sammukha nahIM hotA hai| ata: puNya samyagdarzana meM sahAyaka hotA hai, bAdhaka nhiiN| kaSAya rUpa audayika bhAva hI karma baMdha kA kAraNa hai| zubhabhAva kisI karma ke udaya se nahIM hotA hai| ata: zubha bhAva rUpa puNya kisI karma kA kAraNa nahIM hai| yadi zubha yoga aura zubha bhAva ko karma kSaya kA kAraNa na mAnA jAya to karma kSaya ho hI nahIM skte| yahA~ taka ki samyaktva kI prApti bhI nahIM ho sktii| kyoMki azubha yoga to karma baMdha kA hI kAraNa hai, usase to karma kSaya ho hI nahIM skte| kaSAya yA pApa meM kamI honA hI zubhabhAva hai, yahI AtmA kA zuddhikaraNa bhI hai, ata: zubha bhAva Atma-vizuddhi kA hI dyotaka hai| zubha bhAva se AtmA kI zuddhi hotI hai, isaliye zubha yoga ko saMvara kahA hai| dayA, dAna, karuNA, vAtsalya, anukaMpA Adi bhAva audayika bhAva nahIM haiM, kyoMki ye kisI karma ke udaya se nahIM hote haiN| ata: Page #298 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya ----- ------- 249 svabhAva haiN| inheM vibhAva mAnanA, svabhAva na mAnanA jaina saMskRti va Agama ke viparIta hai| dayA, dAna, anukaMpA, vAtsalya, maitrI Adi bhAva puNyopArjana ke hetu haiN| yadi puNyopArjana ko vibhAva mAnA jAya to utkRSTa puNya kA upArjana kSapaka zreNI kI utkRSTa sAdhanA se hotA hai| isase zrapakazreNi rUpa sAdhanA ko bhI vibhAva mAnane kA prasaMga utpanna hotA hai, jo bhUla hai| ata: dayA, dAna, karuNA Adi ko vibhAva mAnanA Agama viruddha hai| mohanIya karma kI kisI bhI prakRti ko Agama va karma siddhAMta meM prazasta yA zubha yA puNya rUpa nahIM kahA hai aura na puNya kA hetu hI kahA hai| ata: rAga prazasta nahIM ho sktaa| kisI vyakti, vastu, guru, deva, dharma ke prati yadi rAga ho to vaha pApa rUpa hI hotA hai, burA hI hotA hai| vaha saMvararUpa hotA hai| vaha pramoda kisI bAhya vastu, zarIra Adi ke prati nahIM hotA, apitu svAbhAvika guNoM ke prati hotA hai| ata: use vibhAva mAnanA bhUla hai| ___puNya ko pApa ke samAna heya yA tyAjya samajhanA bhrAnti hai tathA isa bhrAnti ko prazraya denA puNya ko tyAgane ke lie prerita karanA hai, jo bhUla hai| yaha niyama hai ki jahA~ puNya kA abhAva hai vahA~ nizcita rUpa se pApa hai, kyoMki zuddha bhAva va dharma ke sAtha puNya kA utanA hI ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hai jitanA kAyA ke sAtha chAyA kA, vastu ke sAtha varNa, gaMdha, rasa aura sparza kA tathA dhUpa ke sAtha prakAza kaa| Page #299 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 250 --- puNya-pApa tattva svabhAva se pratikUla le jAne vAlI pravRtti pApa hai aura svabhAva kI ora bar3hAne vAlI pravRtti puNya hai| dayA, dAna, karuNA, anukaMpA, vAtsalya, sevA Adi sadpravRttiyoM ke sAtha lage kaSAya ke kAraNa se puNya kA sthiti baMdha hotA hai| karane kA rAga va abhimAna, kartRtva bhAva tathA pratiphala pAne kI AzA rUpa bhoktRtva bhAva rUpa kaSAya ke abhAva meM kisI bhI karma kA sthiti baMdha saMbhava nahIM hai| ata: karma baMdha kA mukhya hetu kaSAya hI hai| dayA, dAna, karuNA Adi Atma-guNa baMdha ke hetu nahIM hai| uttarAdhyayana sUtra adhyAya 32 meM kahA hai- rAgo yA doso biya kammabIyaM' arthAt rAga aura dveSa ye do hI karma ke bIja haiM, karma baMdha ke hetu haiN| rAga-dveSa pApa haiM ata: karma baMdha kA hetu pApa hI hai, puNya nahIM hai| puNya kevala sadpravRttiyoM se hI hotA hai aisI bAta nahIM hai, kyoMki sadpravRttiyoM se jitanA puNya kA upArjana hotA hai usase ananta guNA adhika puNya kA upArjana saMyama, tyAga, tapa, saMvara, indriya-nirodha rUpa nivRtti se hotA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki kSapakazreNi meM pApa karmoM kI mahAn nirjarA va puNya kA utkRSTa anubhAga hotA hai| sadpravRttiyoM se jo puNya kA upArjana hotA hai vaha bhI duSpravRtti rUpa doSoM ke tyAga se va doSoM meM kamI hone se hotA hai| ata: puNya upArjana kA hetu doSoM kA tyAga athavA doSoM meM kamI honA hai| dayA, dAna, karuNA, paropakAra, anukaMpA, vAtsalya Adi sadpravRttiyoM a Page #300 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya -- bhoga -------251 kA bhAvAtmaka phala rAga-dveSa Adi doSoM ko gAlanA hai jisameM akSayaavyAbAdha-anaMta sukha kI anubhUti hotI hai aura kriyAtmaka phala se zreSTha vyaktitva va suMdara samAja kA nirmANa hotA hai| sevA va paropakAra kI jisa pravRtti se rAga-dveSa, viSaya-kaSAya, svArthaparatA, indriya-bhoga, hiMsA Adi doSa bar3hate hoM vaha pravRtti bAhara se bhale hI puNya rUpa dikhe, paraMtu vaha pApa hI hai| jisa kriyA, pravRtti, kArya va bhAva se AtmA kA patana ho vaha pApa hai aura jisa kriyA, pravRtti, kArya va bhAva se AtmA pavitra ho vaha puNya hai| yahI puNya-pApa kI kasauTI hai| bhoga puNya prakRtiyoM kA ho athavA pApa prakRtiyoM kA, tyAjya hI hai, kyoMki bhoga moha ke udaya kA sUcaka tathA karma-baMdha kA hetu hai| sAdhanA pravRttiparaka ho athavA nivRttiparaka, usameM puNya ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hI hotI hai, kSaya nahIM hotA hai| puNya ke anubhAga meM kSINatA pApa pravRttiyoM meM vRddhi hone se hotI hai| pApa kI vRddhi se hI puNya kA saMkramaNa pApa meM hokara puNya kSINa ho jAtA hai tathA puNya ke anubhAga kA bhI apavartana hotA hai| puNya ke utkRSTa anubhAga ke samaya sthiti baMdha jaghanya hotA hai| jabaki pApa ke utkRSTa anubhAga baMdha ke sAtha utkRSTa sthiti baMdha hotA hai| puNya aura pApa donoM kA hI sthiti baMdha honA va sthiti baMdha meM vRddhi honA azubha hai kAraNa ki puNya-pApa donoM ke sthiti baMdha meM vRddhi kaSAya rUpa pApa kI vRddhi se hotI hai| Page #301 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 252---- ---- puNya-pApa tattva pApa prakRtiyoM ke baMdha ke sAtha puNya prakRtiyoM kA baMdha niyama se hotA hai| kevala pApa prakRtiyoM kA baMdha kabhI nahIM hotA hai| ata: 10veM guNasthAna taka ke jIvoM ke pApa ke sAtha puNya prakRtiyoM kA aura puNya ke sAtha pApa prakRtiyoM kA baMdha avazya hotA hai, yoM kaheM ki puNya aura pApa donoM kA baMdha niraMtara hotA hI rahatA hai| mithyAtva guNasthAna se lekara sayogI kevalI guNasthAna taka saba jIvoM ke puNya va pApa kI karma prakRtiyoM kA udaya sadaiva rahatA hai| akele pApa va akele puNya prakRtiyoM kA udaya kabhI nahIM rahatA hai| bhAvoM kI vizuddhi va pApa ke tyAga se puNya svata: hotA hai| jo kArya zarIra, indriya yA saMsAra ke sukha pAne kI icchA se kiyA jAtA hai vaha bhoga hai, pApa hai, puNya nahIM hai| _ viSaya bhoga kI icchA kI utpatti, viSaya bhoga bhoganA, lobha Adi kaSAya vRttiyoM kA rasAsvAdana karanA pApodaya kA phala hai tathA pApa ke baMdha kA hetu hai| bhoga tathA bhoga kI nimitta sAmagrI ke saMgraha rUpa parigraha ko Agama meM pApa kahA hai| pApa ko puNyodaya kA phala mAnanA tAttvika bhUla hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki tIrthaGkara, cakravartI rAja-pATa, dhana-dhAnya, bhUmi-bhavana Adi parigraha rUpa pApa kA va bhogoM kA tyAga kara sAdhu banate haiM jisase unake pApa kA kSaya hokara asIma puNyodaya hotA hai| yaha niyama hai ki jo jitanA adhika bhogI hai vaha utanA hI bar3A pApI hai aura jo bhoga kA jitanA tyAga karatA hai vaha utanA hI Page #302 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya 253 adhika puNyavAna hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki jaise-jaise ucca starIya devalokoM meM jAte haiM viSaya bhoga ghaTate jAte haiM, puNyodaya hone se viSaya sukha kI icchA ghaTatI jAtI hai| viSayabhoga va parigraha pApodaya kA pratIka hai| kSAyika, aupazamika kSAyopazamika evaM pAriNAmika bhAva se karma baMdha kabhI nahIM hote haiN| kevala udayabhAva se hI karma baMdha hotA hai, vaha bhI kevala mohajanya udaya bhAva se| anya udaya bhAva se nahIM hotA hai| ata: karma baMdha kA kAraNa moha rUpa pApa hI hai puNyodaya va puNya bhAva nhiiN| kaSAya kI maMdatA arthAt kaSAya meM kamI honA puNya hai| maMda yA kama kaSAya puNya nahIM hai| kyoMki kaSAya maMda ho yA adhika, azubha hai, pApa hai| pApa rUpa kama kaSAya ko puNya mAnanA tAttvika bhUla hai| samyagdRSTi jIva ke sattA meM sthita puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga catu:sthAnika hotA hai aura pApa prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga dvisthAnika hotA hai| jIva ke sattA meM sthita pApa va puNya prakRtiyoM kA utkRSTa sthiti baMdha ghaTakara aMta:koTAkoTi sAgaropama ho jAne para hI use samyagdarzana hotA hai| zubha se puNya kA aura azubha se pApa kA upArjana hotA hai| zubha guNa hote haiM aura azubha avaguNa hote haiN| guNa svabhAva rUpa aura avaguNa vibhAva rUpa hote haiM, ataH guNoM kI vRddhi se arthAt svabhAva Page #303 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 254--- --- puNya-pApa tattva kI ora bar3hane se puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| isake viparIta avaguNoM kI vRddhi se arthAt vibhAva kI ora bar3hane se pApa kA upArjana hotA hai| ata: puNya svabhAva kA aura pApa vibhAva kA dyotaka hai| puNya kA upArjana kisI bhI doSa se saMbhava nahIM hai, guNa se hI saMbhava hai| doSa hI tyAjya hotA hai, guNa nhiiN| guNa ke tyAga kA vidhAna kahIM nahIM hai| ata: puNya na tyAjya hai aura na heya hai, apitu upAdeya hai| doSoM kI kamI se yA tyAga se puNya kA upArjana hotA hai, paraMtu tyAga ke sAtha jur3e sAMsArika vastu, sammAna Adi ke rUpa meM pratiphala pAne kI bhogecchA se puNya kA sthiti baMdha hotA hai| ata: puNya kA anubhAga zubha evaM puNya kA sthiti baMdha azubha hai| mithyAtva guNasthAna se sayogI kevalI guNasthAna taka koI bhI jIva pravRtti kiye binA nahIM raha sktaa| ata: vaha niraMtara mana, vacana, kAya inameM se kisI na kisI se koI na koI pravRtti avazya karatA hai| pravRtti do hI prakAra kI hotI hai zubha aura ashubh| ata: zubha pravRtti meM rata honA, arthAt pApa krnaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki koI bhI sAdhaka yahA~ taka ki sayogI kevalI taka bhI sadaiva zubha yoga yukta rahate haiM, zubha yoga kA tyAga nahIM karate haiN| zubha yoga kI bhUmikA meM hI saMyama, cAritra, sAmAyika, vrata, pratyAkhyAna Adi dharma saMbhava haiN| Page #304 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya -- -------255 jo tyAga mukti-prApti kA lakSya banAkara kiyA jAtA hai arthAt jisameM sAMsArika sukha bhoga kI AkAMkSA nahIM hai vahI dharma hai, usI se utkRSTa puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| pApa ke tyAga rUpa zubhabhAva se puNya kA upArjana hotA hai| jaise mada ke tyAga se ucca gotra kA, niraticAra vrata pAlana, sAmAyika, pratyAkhyAna Adi se tIrthaGkara nAmakarma kA, mana-vacana-kAya kI kuTilatA ke tyAga se zubhanAmakarma kA puNya upArjana hotA hai| zubhAsrava (puNyAsrava) doSa rUpa nahIM hotA hai| bhogecchA kA utpanna honA, bhoga bhoganA pApa hai, ata: jo bhogI hai vaha pApI hai aura jo jitanA adhika bhogI hai vaha utanA hI adhika pApI hai| viSaya bhogI ko puNyAtmA mAnanA pApAtmA ko puNyAtmA mAnanA hai, jo bhUla hai| bhUla ke tyAga meM hI kalyANa hai| jahA~ rAga hai vahA~ pApa hai, jahA~ anurAga hai vahA~ puNya hai| rAga meM Asakti hotI hai, anurAga meM pramoda, prIti, maitrI, vAtsalya bhAva hotA hai| rAga meM vastu, vyakti, paristhiti Adi para-padArthoM se sukha pAne kI icchA hotI hai| anurAga meM prApta sAmagrI, sAmarthya, yogyatA kA upayoga dUsaroM kI sevA meM karane se pramoda hotA hai| rAga bhogoM ke prati hotA hai, anurAga guNoM ke prati hotA hai| rAga karma baMdha kA kAraNa hai aura anurAga karma-kSaya kA hetu hai| sAmAnyata: sabhI jIvoM ke puNya va pApa ina donoM karma prakRtiyoM kA 3 Page #305 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 256 --- puNya-pApa tattva baMdha evaM udaya niraMtara hotA rahatA hai| ata: puNyAnubaMdhI puNya-pApa evaM pApAnubaMdhI puNya-pApa rUpa caukar3I meM puNya ke udaya kA saMbaMdha sAtA vedanIya ke udaya se aura pApa ke udaya kA saMbaMdha asAtA vedanIya ke udaya se hai aura anubhAga kA saMbaMdha saMkleza vizuddhi bhAva se hai| vizuddhi bhAva se hone vAle karma baMdha ko puNyAnubaMdhI kahA gayA hai evaM saMkleza bhAva se hone vAle karma baMdha ko pApAnubaMdhI kahA gayA hai| puNya ke phala se pApa kA baMdha mAnanA athavA pApa ke phala se puNya kA baMdha mAnanA bhUla hai| sAtA vedanIya ke udaya meM vizuddhi bhAva kA honA puNyAnubaMdhI puNya hai aura asAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM vizuddhi bhAva kA honA puNyAnubaMdhI pApa hai| puNyAnubaMdhI isaliye kahA gayA hai ki isase sabhI puNya prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| sAtAvedanIya ke udaya meM saMkleza bhAva kA honA pApAnubaMdhI puNya aura asAtA vedanIya ke udaya meM saMkleza bhAva kA honA pApAnubaMdhI pApa hai| saMklezabhAva ko pApAnubaMdhI isaliye kahA gayA hai ki isase pApa ke anubhAga meM vRddhi hotI hai| vizuddhi rUpa zubha bhAva hI puNya hai| vizuddhi se kaSAya ghaTatA hai, jisase AtmA ke jJAna-darzana Adi guNoM kA AvaraNa dUra hotA hai aura ina guNoM kA prakaTIkaraNa hotA hai, jisase prANoM kA vikAsa Page #306 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya -- ------- 257 hotA hai| prANoM kA vikAsa hI prANI kA vikAsa hai| prANabala ke vikAsa se hI indriya tana, mana Adi kI upalabdhi hotI hai| yaha puNya karma kA phala hai jo aghAtI rUpa hai| yadi vidyamAna kaSAya meM kamI ho rahI hai to sattA meM sthita pApa prakRtiyoM ke anubhAga aura sthiti baMdha meM kamI (apavartana) ho jAtI hai| yadi kaSAya meM vRddhi ho rahI hai to sattA meM sthita pApa prakRtiyoM kI sthiti va anubhAga meM vRddhi ho jAtI hai| yaha niyama hai ki jina pApa va puNya prakRtiyoM kA vartamAna meM baMdha ho rahA hai, una prakRtiyoM meM sattA meM sthita unakI virodhinI prakRtiyoM kA saMkramaNa ho jAtA hai arthAt vizuddhi bhAva se puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana ho rahA hai to sattA meM sthita puNya prakRtiyoM kA pApa prakRtiyoM meM rUpAMtaraNa ho jAtA hai| Atma-vikAsa ke sAtha puNya kA upArjana va anubhAga meM vRddhi svataH hotI hai| puNya kA anubhAga dvisthAnika se bar3hakara catu:sthAnika hone para hI samyagdarzana hotA hai aura vaha puNya kA anubhAga Age ke sabhI guNasthAnoM meM catu:sthAnika hI rahatA hai| puNyopArjana (puNyAsrava) kA hetu sarvatra zuddhopayoga tathA anukaMpA rUpa svabhAva ko hI batAyA hai| zuddhopayoga, anukaMpA, dayA ko hI sarvatra dharma kahA hai| ata: puNya kA upArjana tathA dharma sahabhAvI hai, Page #307 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 258 Ze puNya-pApa tattva sahakArI hai| jahA~ dharma hai vahA~ puNya niyama se hai| puNya ke abhAva meM dharma saMbhava nahIM hai| saMvara aura nirjarA meM jitanI vRddhi hotI jAtI hai utanI puNya ke anubhAga meM bhI vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| saMvara (saMyama) aura nirjarA (tapa) kI sAdhanA se pApa kA kSaya evaM puNya kA varddhana hotA jAtA hai| puNya kI vRddhi sAdhaka ko sAdhanA patha meM Age bar3hAne meM sahAyaka hotI hai| pApa kI vRddhi sAdhanA patha meM bAdhaka hotI hai| pApa kA upArjana (pApAsrava) azuddhopayoga evaM nirdayatA se hotA hai| puNya-pApa kI karma prakRtiyoM ke pradezoM meM hInAdhikatA hone se unake anubhAga meM hInAdhikatA nahIM hotI hai| puNya prakRtiyA~ aghAtI haiM / ye AtmA ke kisI guNa kA ghAta nahIM karatI haiM isaliye puNya prakRtiyoM kA kSayopazama nahIM hotA hai| kSayopazama ghAtI karma kI prakRtiyoM kA hI hotA hai| kaSAya kI kamI se puNya ke Asrava meM vRddhi hotI hai aura usa samaya jitanA kaSAya zeSa raha jAtA hai usase puNya kA sthiti baMdha hotA hai| ata: puNya kA sthiti baMdha jitanA kama hotA jAtA hai, utanA puNya kA anubhAga bar3hatA jAtA hai| Page #308 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya ---- ------259 sAdhaka jaise-jaise sAdhanA mArga meM Age bar3hatA jAtA hai vaise-vaise pUrvopArjita pApa karmoM kA puNya prakRtiyoM meM saMkramaNa hotA jAtA hai arthAt pApa kA puNya meM rUpAntaraNa, mArgAntarIkaraNa, udAttIkaraNa hotA jAtA hai| tIna Ayu ko chor3akara samasta puNya-pApa kI prakRtiyoM kA kSaya unakI sthiti baMdha ke kSaya se hotA hai aura sthiti baMdha kA kSaya kaSAya ke kSaya se hotA hai| ata: jaise-jaise kaSAya meM kamI AtI jAtI hai vaise-vaise puNya-pApa karmoM kI sthiti-baMdha kA kSaya hotA jAtA hai| 'pApa' duSpravRtti se hotA hai aura 'puNya' viSaya-kaSAya, rAga-dveSa, mada, vakratA Adi duSpravRttiyoM ke tyAga se hotA hai arthAt pApa kI nivRtti se puNya hotA hai| zubha yoga se pApa karma kI sthiti va anubhAga kA apavartana hotA hai, ata: zubha yoga ko saMvara kahA hai| zubha yoga ke sAtha rahA huA kaSAya rUpa azubha bhAva karma kI sthiti baMdha kA kAraNa hai| zubha yoga karma baMdha kA kAraNa nahIM hai| zuddha bhAva se cetanA kA AMtarika vikAsa hotA hai, usake sAtha hI yoga se bAhya vikAsa bhI hotA hai| doSa yA pApa meM kamI AnA AMtarika vikAsa hai jo saMvara hai aura prANazakti, pA~ca indriya, mana, vacana, kAya Adi kI zakti kA vikAsa bAhya vikAsa hai| bAhya vikAsa ko puNya karma kahA gayA hai| Page #309 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 260---- --- puNya-pApa tattva svabhAva kA pUrNa nAza kabhI nahIM hotA hai, pratyeka jIva meM kisI na kisI aMza meM svabhAva sadA prakaTa hI rahatA hai| ata: prANI mAtra ke kisI na kisI prakRti ke rUpa meM puNya kA udaya satata rahatA hai| puNya se vikAroM kI utpatti nahIM hotI hai| vikAroM kI utpatti pApa se hI hotI hai, ata: bhogecchA kI utpatti evaM bhoga pravRtti pApa hI hai, puNya nahIM aura puNya kA phala bhI nahIM hai| mohajanya hai, moha kA phala hai, audayika bhAva hai| ucca gotra, yazakIrti, devagati Adi samasta puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga jaba taka utkRSTa na ho taba taka kisI ko bhI kevalajJAna nahIM hotA hai aura kevalajJAna tathA mukti prApta na hone kA hetu puNya karma nahIM hai| apitu puNya ke anubhAga meM kamI rahanA hai| ucca gotra, devagati, yazakIrti Adi puNya prakRtiyoM kA anubhAga utkRSTa hone para antarmuhUrta meM kevalajJAna ho jAtA hai tathA vaha jIva usI bhava meM mukta hotA hai| manuSya bhava Adi puNya prakRtiyA~ sAdhaka ke lie sAdhanA meM evaM mukti meM sahAyaka haiN| jIva ke mukti meM bAdhaka kAraNa pApa prakRtiyoM kA udaya hai na ki puNya prakRtiyoM kA udy| kyoMki pApa ke kSaya hote hI puNya ke sthiti baMdha kA kSaya svataH ho jAtA hai| bhAvoM kI vizuddhi puNya hai aura azuddhi pApa hai| pApa-puNya kA yahI AdhAra hai| Page #310 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya ---- ------- 261 puNya meM mahattva tyAga va anukampA kA hai, pravRtti kA nhiiN| puNya pravRtti kama ho yA adhika, usa pravRtti se jitanA rAga-dveSa galatA hai vahI mahattva kI bAta hai| 1. puNya tattva, 2. puNyAsrava, 3. puNya pravRtti, 4. puNya kA anubhAga aura 5. puNya karma meM aMtara hai| 1. puNyatattva hai-zubha yA zuddha pariNAma 2. puNyAsrava hai-zubha yoga va zuddha pariNAmoM ke phalasvarUpa puNya kI karma-vargaNAoM kA AnA, unakA upArjana honaa| 3. puNya pravRttiyA~ haiM-dayA, dAna, sevA, paropakAra Adi sadpravRttiyA~ 4. puNya kA anubhAga hai-phaladAna zakti aura 5. puNya karma baMdha hai-puNyAsrava se arjita karma kA kaSAya ke kAraNa se AtmA ke sAtha baMdha kara sattA meM sthita honaa| puNya tattva, puNyAsrava, puNya pravRtti, puNya kA anubhAga, ye saba tyAjya va heya nahIM haiN| kevala puNya kA sthiti baMdha hI kSaya yogya hai, paraMtu usake kSaya ke lie koI prayatna va sAdhanA apekSita nahIM hai| vaha pApa karma kI sthiti-kSaya ke sAtha svata: kSaya ho jAtA hai| puNya kA anupAlana pApa kA prakSAlana hai| pApa pravRtti se prANI kI prANa zakti kA hrAsa hotA hai| ata: pApa prANAtipAta hai| ghAtI karmoM kA udaya jIva ke guNoM kA ghAta karatA hai tathA inake kSayopazama aura kSaya se jIva ke guNa prakaTa hote haiN| isalie cAroM Page #311 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 262 puNya-pApa tattva ghAtI karma kI samasta prakRtiyA~ vibhAva haiM, svabhAva nahIM haiN| paraMtu aghAtI karmoM kA udaya jIva ke kisI guNa kA ghAta nahIM karatA hai, isaliye ve doSa rUpa nahIM haiM aura aghAtI karmoM ke kSaya se koI guNa prakaTa nahIM hotA hai ata: ye guNa rUpa bhI nahIM hai| arthAt aghAtI karma guNa-doSa rahita haiM, svabhAva-vibhAva rahita haiN| krodha, lobha, mAyA aura mAna ina cAroM kaSAyoM ke kSaya (kSINatA) se kramazaH kSamA, mukti, RjutA aura mRdutA ye cAra guNa prakaTa hote haiN| ina cAroM guNoM se kramaza: cAroM aghAtI karmoM kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA upArjana hotA hai yathA- kSamA (nirvairatA - maitrI) se sAtAvedanIya kA, mukti (nirlobhatA, Adi parigraha tyAga) se zubha Ayu karma kA, RjutA (saralatA, niSkapaTatA) se zubha nAma karma kA evaM mRdutA (hRdaya kI komalatA- nirahaMkAratA-vinamratA) se ucca gotra kA upArjana hotA hai| pApa ke kSaya 'kSINatA' se aura saMvara- nirjarA se AtmA pavitra hotI hai| AtmA kI pavitratA se puNya karma kA upArjana hotA hai| puNya karma kA anubhAga baMdha kaSAya kI udaya avasthA meM hone para bhI kaSAya ke udaya se nahIM hotA hai, kaSAya ke kSaya se hotA hai| karmoM kA pApa karmoM kA upArjana kaSAya se hotA hai aura puNya upArjana kaSAya ke kSaya se hotA hai| puNya karma ke udaya ke abhAva meM unakI virodhinI pApa prakRtiyoM kA udaya niyama se hotA hai| Page #312 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ puNya-pApa viSayaka jJAtavya tathya 263 aghAtI karmoM kI puNya prakRtiyoM kA udaya bhautika vikAsa kA tathA aghAtI karmoM kI pApa prakRtiyoM kA udaya bhautika hrAsa kA dyotaka hai| ghAtI karmoM kI pApa-pra -prakRtiyoM kA udaya AdhyAtmika hrAsa kA evaM inakA kSayopazama, upazama tathA kSaya AdhyAtmika vikAsa kA sUcaka hai| mana, vacana, kAya Adi kI prANa zakti kA vikAsa bhautika vikAsa hai, yahI prANI kA vikAsa hai| dayA, dAna vaiyAvRttya Adi sadpravRttiyoM kA bhAvAtmaka phala rAga-dveSa Adi doSoM kA nivAraNa hai tathA AdhyAtmika vikAsa hai aura ina sadpravRttiyoM ke kriyAtmaka rUpa kA pariNAma bhautika vikAsa hai| puNya kA Asrava zuddhopayoga se kaSAya ke kSaya va kSINatA se hotA hai aura pApa kA Asrava azuddhopayoga (kaSAya ke udaya) se hotA hai| puNya kA Asrava pApa ke Asrava kA nirodha va avarodha karatA hai| Ayukarma kI puNya prakRtiyoM ko chor3akara zeSa samasta puNya karmoM kI prakRtiyoM kI sthiti kA kSaya kaSAya ke kSaya se hotA hai| puNya aura pApa ye donoM bhAva paraspara meM virodhI haiM evaM ina donoM kA Asrava paraspara virodhI hai| kaSAya kI maMdatA zuddhopayoga va zubha yoga rUpa hotI hai, jabaki maMda kaSAya azubha va pApa rUpa hotA hai| kaSAya kI maMdatA se karmoM (sthiti baMdha) kA kSaya hotA hai aura maMda kaSAya se karmoM kA (sthiti) baMdha hotA hai| Page #313 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ 264---- --- puNya-pApa tattva puNya ke anubhAga kA hetu na to yoga hai aura na kaSAya hai, pratyuta kaSAya kI maMdatA hai| zubha bhAva kisI karma ke udaya se nahIM hotA hai, ata: audayika bhAva nahIM hai pratyuta kSAyopazamika bhAva hai| zubha bhAva rUpa puNya audayika bhAva nahIM hone se karma-baMdha ke hetu nahIM haiM evaM kSAyopazamika bhAva hone se karma kSaya ke hetu haiN| jo hetu pApa ke kSaya ke haiM ve hI puNya kI upalabdhi ke bhI hetu haiN| puNya kA upArjana (anubhAva kI vRddhi) puNya karma ke kSaya (sthiti kA kSaya) kA sUcaka hai| __dhana-sampatti Adi bAhya dravya karmodaya meM sahayogI (nimitta) kAraNa haiN| Page #314 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ________________ samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala ke vividha sevA sopAna jinavANI hindI mAsika patrikA kA prakAzana jaina itihAsa, Agama evaM anya satsAhitya kA prakAzana akhila bhAratIya zrI jaina vidvat pariSad kA saMcAlana ukta pravRttiyoM meM dAnI evaM prabuddha cintakoM ke racanAtmaka sakriya sahayoga kI apekSA hai| samparka sUtra maMtrI samyagjJAna pracAraka maNDala dukAna naM. 182 ke Upara, bApU bAjAra jayapura-302003 (rAjasthAna) dUrabhASa : 0141-2575997, phaiksa : 0141-4068798 I-mela : sgpmandal@yahoo.in