Bhagawan Parshwanath Part 02

Author(s): Kamtaprasad Jain
Publisher: Mulchand Kisandas Kapadia
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/022599/1

Page #1
gndh aasth (uttarArddha) "digambara jaina" patrake grAhakoM ko 22veM varSameM bheNtt| sampAdakabAbU kAmatAprasAdajI jaina /

Page #2
// bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / (uttarArddha) saMpAdaka --- bAbU kAmatAprasAda jaina, ema0 Ara0 e0esa0, oN. saMpAdaka " vIra" aura " bhagavAna mahAvIra ", " satyamArga ", "bhagavAna mahAvIra va ma0 buddha"; "mahArANI celanI" ityAdi hindI granthoMke aura " lArDa mahAvIra eNDa sama adara TIcarsa oNpha hiz2a TAima" tathA "mahAvIra eNDa buddha" nAmaka aMgrejI pustakoM racayitA - alIgaMja ( eTA ) prakAzaka mUlacanda kisanadAsa kApar3iyA, mAlika, zrI digambara jaina pustakAlaya, candAvAr3I - sUrata | prathamAvRtti ] vIra saM0 2455 [ prati 1000 " dirgevarajena" mAsikapatra ke 22veM varSa ke grAhakoM ko bheMTa | mUlya - ru0 1-8-0 DOD

Page #3
OO . 160masal . . 0 0000ocoom.bae0000004 0000000000000000000000000000000000 zrI maMgala-pina / vAmA pyAre haiM, hiye madhya Ake, vAro sArI zRMkhalA, jJAna lAke jAge merI buddhi, gAU~ tumhArenIke nIke sadguNoMko nihAre ! premAsaktA indra cakrAdhi sAre, mAke tere haiM guNoMko apAre ! vaise pAU~ pAra maiM nArtha gAke baune pAte hAtha kaise bar3hAke !! taubhI svAmI ApameM prema sAne, baiThA gAne gIta hUM maiM ajJAne ! sevA tere pAdakI bhakti dhAre ! he, tIrthezvara pArzva ! tere sahAre ! dAyA kIje he prabho ho dayAlA! dIje bodha he vibho ho kRpAlA !! jAve bAdhA bhAga sArI, udAro! pAU~ terA 'darza' bhausindhu tAro! -lekhaka / 10000000000000000000000000000 000000000000 000000000000 - CONGKer 3000000000000000000000000000040000000

Page #4
nivedn| - prasiddha jaina aitihAsajJa-zrI0 bAbU kAmatAprasAdanI jaina (A0 saMpAdaka-"vIra" )ne jisaprakAra Adhunika zailIpara tulanAtmaka dRSTise bhagavAna mahAvIra, bha0 mahAvIra va buddha, saMkSipta jaina itihAsa bhAdi graMthoMkA atIva khona va mananapUrvaka saMpAdana kiyA hai usIprakAra prastuta granthakA saMpAdana bhI Apane kaI varSoM kI khojapUrvaka karake digambara jaina itihAsameM amara nAma prApta karaliyA hai; kyoMki aise to aneka tIrthaMkaroMke caritra prakaTa hocuke haiM va hoMge parantu jisa DhaMgapara Apa ina graMthoM kA saMpAdana kararahe haiM vaha jainaitihAsakA abhUtapUrva masAlA hI hai| harSa hai ki Apake anya aitihAsika anyoMke anusAra isa mahAna granthakA prakAzana bhI Aja ho rahA hai va "digambara jaina ke grAhakoMko upahArameM bhI diyA jAcukA hai jisase isakA pracAra sulabhatAse horahA hai| hamAre parama mitra bAbU kAmatAprasAdajI apanI aisI amUlya kati hameM prakAzanArtha dete rahate haiM usake liye Apake hama bar3e kRtajJa haiN| hamArI yahI bhAvanA hai ki Apa aise aura bhI aneka granthoM kI racanA karake abhUtapUrva jaina sAhityakA vizeSa 2 prakAza kreN| prkaashk|

Page #5
kRtajJatA-jJApana / pahale hI usa anupama puNya avasara aura alaukika karaNa - bhAvake nikaTa maiM kRtajJatA pAzameM veSTita hUM; jinake balapara prastuta grantha racanekA sAhasa mujhe huA / manuSya ananta saMsArameM hIna - zakti horahA hai, vaha paristhitikA gulAma bana rahA hai / jisako vaha pakar3e huye hai, usIpara mara miTaneke liye taiyAra hai / rUr3hi aura dharmameM sUkSma aura bAdara antara jo bhI hai, use samajhanevAle virale hI parIkSA - pradhAnI haiM / phira bhalA gurutara mahatvazAlI aura apUrva grantha - ratnoMke hote huye bhI kaise koI isa racanA ke liye avasara aura bhAvakI sarAhanA karake unheM dhanyavAdakI sumanAMjali samarpita karegA ! para prabhU pArzvake pAdapadmoM meM natamastaka hokara vartamAna lekhaka unakA AbhAra svIkAra karaneko bAdhya hai; kyoMki unhIMkI kRpAse manuSyoM meM zaktikA saJcAra hotA hai aura ve satyake darzana kara bAte haiM / prastuta racanA satyakI ora hameM kitanI le jAyagI ? isakA uttara pAThakagaNa svayaM hI DhU~r3ha leM / isa viSaya meM merA kucha likhanA vyartha hai / hAM, una mahAnubhAvoMkA AmAra svIkAra kara lenA meM apanA kartavya samajhatA hUM, jinase mujhe isa grantha saMkalanameM sahAyatA prApta huI hai / zrI jaina siddhAMta bhavana, ArA; ailaka pannAlAla sarasvatI bhaNDAra, bambaI aura zrI impIriyala lAyabrerI, kalakattAne Avazyaka sAhitya pradAna karake merA pUrA hAtha baDhAyA hai; maiM isa kRpAke liye unakA AbhArI hUM / sAtha hI maiM apane mitra zrIyuta mUlacanda kisanadAsajI kApar3iyA ke anugrahako nahIM bhulA saktA hUM / yaha hI nahIM ki unake sadutsAhase yaha racanA prakAzameM ArahI hai, pratyuta isake nirmANa meM bhI unhoMne AvazyakIya granthoM aura sAhitya patroMko juTAkara isakI racanA sugama - sAdhya banA dI / ataeva unheM maiM vizeSa rUpameM dhanyavAda samarpita karatA hUM / vizvAsa haiM, unake utsAhakA Adara karake vidvAn pAThaka isa racanAko apanAyeMge aura AzA hai ki isake dvArA ve jainadharmakA mastaka U~cA hotA pAyaMge / ityalam ! } alIgaMja (eTA ) tA0 11-10-1928 vinItakAmatAprasAda - jaina |

Page #6
svargIya bhAIambAprasAdajIkI pavitra smRtimeM utsargIkRta hai ! lekhaka |

Page #7
vissy-suucii| prastAvanA-maMgala vinaya madhya aiziyAmeM jainadharma 199 / / 1-purohita vizvabhUti pR. 1 nAgavaMzaja madhya aiziyA2-kamaTha aura marubhUti ... 7 / vAsI the ... ...2.1 3-rAjarSi ariviMda aura 13-bhagavAnakA dIkSAgrahaNa vanahasti ... ... 15 tapazcaraNa ... ...203 4-cakravartI vajranAbhi aura 14-jJAnaprApti aura dharmapracAra 216 - kuraMga bhIla ... ... 23 videzoMmeM bhagavAnakA 5-AnandakumAra ... ... 29 vihAra ... ...231 6-usa samayakI sudazA ... 38 | 15-bhagavAnkA dharmopadeza...238 7-tatkAlIna dhArmika paristhiti63 / 16-dharmopadezakA prabhAva ...284 4-banArasa aura rAjA vizvasena 90 vaidika RSiyoMpara asara 289 9-bhagavAnakA zubha avatAra 109 / 17-bhagavAnake pramukha ziSya 305 1. kumAra jIvana aura tApasa bhagavAnake gaNadhara ...3.9 samAgama ... ...119 muni pihitAzrava ...311 11-dharaNendra-padmAvatI kRta zvetAmbara zAstroMmeM pArzva jJatAjJApana ... ...126 - ziSya ... ...320 12-nAgavaMzajokA paricaya...154 18-makkhaligozAla, maudgalApApaNa anaya yana, prabhRti ... ...322 vidyAdharaH ... ...155 / 19-sAgaradattaArabandhudatta aTAra 19-sAgaradatta aura bandhudatta zreSTI333 . Aja kalakI duniyA 20-mahArAjA karakaNDu ...34. bharatakhaMDameM... ...156 21-jinendrabhakta seTa ...361 rAvaNakI laMkAaura pAtAla 160 22-vidyucara muni ... ...365 mizrameM laMkA aura abI- 23-rAjA vasupAla aura citrakAra369 siniyAmeM pAtAla laMkA 170 | 24-bhagavAnakA nirvANa lAbha 370 madhyabhArata vamadhyadvIpameM 25-bhagavAn pArzvanAtha aura laMkA nahIM ... ...183 | mahAvIrasvAmI ...374 mizra jainadharma ...18626-upasaMhAra ... ...402 pAtAla madhya aiziyAmeM 194 | 27-graMthakArakA paricaya ...4.7 .

Page #8
pRSTha prastAvanA 23 47 55 56 55 ex "" 39 147 201 214 " 216 236 3 da 13 6. phuTanoTa 19 12 76 78 85 98 phuTanoTa 3 107 11 112 11 141 phuTanoTa 145 21 146 S 2.1 8 va 9 13 bh 13 zuddhAzuddhi patra / zuddha svISTAbda reforner vahAM samrA glInijAsa AjIvinsa avazya hI syavaM gayA mAnA gayA unase IsvI ko eka kahA gayA diyA beha azuddha vara parpA samavaraNe strISTAbda reformer vahI samrAT glIniMgsa AjI viksa x svayaM gayA hai / bhagadbhajana bhagavadbhajana yaha noTa pR0 140kI 8vIM hai, yahAMkI udhara par3heM kako goM ke yadi mAnA una IsvI pUrva kora X X x x X diyA gayA vaha vaira samavasaraNe

Page #9
244 252 261 306 39 356 -" 375 9 357 6 374 16 18 " 33 " 17 " 13 15 4 11 " ( 8 ) badalate dasa oke karmavargaNA meM hI apanA vahI harSabhA 849 749 770 870 840 84. ---* batAte dasAo karmavaNArthe .. vaha harSa 877 777 795 895 865 865. " jainavijaya " priMTiMga presa - sUrata meM : mUlacanda kisanadAsa kApar3iyAne mudrita kiyA 1: ONO

Page #10
prastAvanA 'jina gunakathana agmvistaar| budhibala kauna lahai kavi pAra / zrI jinendra bhagavAnake guNa apAra haiM, ve ananta haiM, aciMtya haiM ! yogIjana apanI samAdhilIna alaunimitta / kika dazAmeM unake darzana eka jhAMkI mAtra kara pAte haiM / bar3e 2 jJAnI unake divya caritrako pragaTa karanemeM apanA sArAkA sArA jJAnakoSa khatama kara DAlate haiM, para unakA citraNa adhUrA hI rahatA hai| anI, svayaM gaNadhara mahArAja jo utkRSTa manaHparyayajJAnake dhAraka hote haiM, ve bhI una prabhUke guNa varNana karanemeM asamartha rahate haiM / agAdha samudrakA pArAvAra eka kSudra mAnava kaise pA saktA hai ? tisapara Ajakalake alpajJa manuSyake liye yaha bilkula hI asaMbhava hai ki vaha aise apUrva aura anupama prabhUke viSayameM kahanekA kucha sAhasa kara sake ! Ajase tIna hajAra varSa pahale huye zrIpArzvajinendrakA divya caritra aba kyoMkara pUrNa aura yathArtha rUpameM likhA jAsaktA hai ? parantu hRdayakI bhakti saba kucha karA saktI hai / vaha nirAlI taraMga hai jo manuSyake hRdaya meM apUrva zaktikA saMcAra karatI hai / hiraNI isI bhakti-isI premake balase siMhake sAmane jA pahuMcatI hai| apane bacceke premameM vaha pagalI hojAtI hai / bhakti vA premakA yahI rahasya hai aura yahI rahasya isa granthake saMkalana honemeM pUrNa nimitta bana rahA hai / bhaktikI laharameM eka Taka bahakara apanA Atma-kalyANa karanA hI yahAM iSTa hai / isakI tanmayatAmeM apane jJAna jyotimaya Atma rUpakA darzana pAnekA prayApta upahAsAspada nahIM ho skaa|

Page #11
[2] "vaise samayakI paristhiti aura prabhU pArzvake prati Adhunika vidvAnoMke ayathArtha udgAra bhI isameM kAraNabhUta haiN| phira jarA yaha socane kI bAta hai ki prabhu pArzva Akhira eka manuSya hI the - manuSyase hI unane paramocca - paramAtmapada prApta kiyA thA- manuSyake lie eka manuSya hI Adarza hosatA hai aura manuSya hI manuSyako pahacAnatA hai usase prema karatA hai aura apane premIpara vaha saba kucha nyochAvara kara DAlatA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki isa kAlake pUjya kavigaNa jaise zrI... guNabhadrAcAryajI mahArAja, zrI vAdirAjasUrijI, zrI sakalakIrtijI, kavivara bhUdharadAsajI Adi apane prabhu-bhakti plavita hRdayakI premapuSpAMjali ina prabhu ke caraNakamaloM meM samarpita kara cuke haiN| apanA sarvasva unake guNa - gAnameM vAra cuke haiN| ina mahAn kavivaroMkA anukaraNa karanA dhRSTatA jarUra hai; para hRdayakI bhakti yaha saMkoca kAphUra kara detI hai aura prabhUke darzana karaneke liye bilkula utAvalA banA detI hai / isa utAvalImeM hI yaha avikasita bhakti-karNikA prabhU pArzvake guNagAnameM Atma lAbhake misase prasphuTita huI hai / vidvajjana isa utAvalI ke liye kSamA pradAna kareM aura truTiyoMse sUcita kara anugrahIta banAveM / jainadharma meM mAne gaye cauvIsa tIrthaMkaroM meM se bhagavAn pArzvanA thI tevIsaveM tIrthaMkara the / yaha ikSvAku bhagavAna pArzvanAthajI vaMzIya kSatrI kulake ziromaNi the / jaba aitihAsika vyakti the / yaha eka yuvaka rAjakumAra the tabahI se inhoMne usa samayake vikRta dhArmika vAtAvaraNako sudhAranekA prayatna kiyA thaa| jainapurANoM meM una prabhukA

Page #12
[3] vizada caritra likhA huA milatA hai| inhIM graMthoMke AdhArase evaM anya jainetara zAstroM aura aitihAsika sAdhanoM dvArA yaha pustaka likhI gaI hai / isameM jo kucha hai vaha saba purAtana hai; kevala isakA rUpa-raMga aura veza-bhUSA Adhunika hai| zAyada kinhIM logoMkI aba bhI yaha dhAraNA ho ki eka paurANika athavA kAmanika puruSakI jIvanImeM aitihAsikatAkI jhalaka kahAMse AsaktI hai ? aura isa mithyA dhAraNAke kAraNa vaha hamAre isa prayAsako anAvazyaka samajheM ! kintu unakI yaha dhAraNA sArahIna hai| prabhu pArzva koI kAlpanika vyakti nahIM the / paurANika bAtoMko korA ThapAla batA denA bhArI dhRSTatA aura nIca kRtaghnatAse bharI huI azraddhA hai / bhAratIya purANalekhaka gaNyamAnya RSi the / unhoMne korI kavi kalpanAoMse hI apane purANagranthoM kAlA nahIM kiyA hai; jabaki vaha unako eka 'itihAsa' ke rUpameM likha rahe the| vezaka hiMdU purANoM meM otaprota alaMkAra bharA huA milanA hai; parantu isapara bhI unameM aitihAsikatAkA abhAva nahIM hai| tistapara jainapurANa to alaMkAravAdase bahuta karake achUte haiM aura unameM maulika ghaTanAoMkA samAveza hI adhika hai| unakI racanA svataMtra aura yathArtha hai / kisI anya saMpradAyake zAstroMkI nakala karane kA AbhAsa sahasA unameM nahIM milatA hai / sAtha hI ve bAcIna bhI haiN| maurya samrATa caMdraguptake samayase jaina vAGmaya niyamitarUpameM 1-purANamitivRttamAkhyAyikodAharaNaM dharmazAstramaryazAstraM cetihAsa:-koTilya / 2-repasana, enziyenTa inDiyA pR0 70 / 3-jainasUtra S. B. XXII. Intro-P. IX.

Page #13
[4] guruziSya paramparA praNAlIpara bar3I hoziyArIke sAtha calA ArahA thA / usameM ajJAta bhUlakA honA asaMbhava thaa| uparAMta IsAkI prAraMbhika zatAbdiyoMmeM vahI tatkAlIna RSiyoMkI dRr3hasmRti parase lipibaddha kara liyA gayA thaa| avazya hI RSiyoMkI smRti zaktikI hInatAke kAraNa usa samaya vaha sarvAMgarUpameM upalabdha nahIM huA; parantu jo kucha upalabdha thA vaha bilkula ThIka aura yathArtha thA / isa avasthAmeM jaina mAnyatAko asaMgata batalAneke lie koI kAraNa dRSTi nahIM pdd'taa| isaliye zrI pArzvanAtha bhagavAnako bhI eka kAlpanika vyakti nahIM khyAla kiyA jAsaktA hai / ___ bhArata vasundharAke garbhase jo prAcIna purAtatva prApta huA hai, usase bhI yh| pramANita hotA hai ki prAcIna bhAratameM avazya hI zrI pArzvanAthajI nAmaka eka mahApuruSa hogaye haiM; jo jainiyoMke tevIsaveM tIrthakara the| or3IsA prAntameM udayagiri khaNDagiri nAmaka sthAna "hAthIMguphA" kA zilAlekhake kAraNa bahuprakhyAta hai| yahAMkA zilpakArya jaina samrAT bhikSurAna mahAmeghavAhana khAravela dvArA nirmApita karAyA gayA thA, jinakA samaya IsavIsanase 212 varSa pUrvakA nizrita / ibha zilpakAryameM bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIkI ekase adhika nagna mUrtiyAM aura unake pavitra jIvanakI prAyaH saba hI mukhya ghaTanAyeM bahuta hI cAturyase ukerI huI milatI haiN| aba yadi bhagavAna pArzvanAtha nAmaka koI mahApuruSa vAstavameM huA hI na hotA to Ajase savAdohanAra varSa pahaleke manuSya unakI mUrtiyAM aura 1. saMkSiA jaina itihAsa pR. 70 / 2-hindI vizvakoSa bhA0 1 pR0 589 / 3-baMgAla, bihAra, or3IsA jaina smAraka pR0 89 /

Page #14
[5] jIvana ghaTanAyeM kisa taraha nirmita karA sakte ? usa samaya unako gujare itanA bhArI jamAnA bhI nahIM huA thA ki loga apanI kalpanAko kAmameM le Ate ! balki bAta to yathArthameM yahI hai ki IsAse pUrva AThavIM zatAbdimeM bhagavAn pArzvanAthanI avazya huye the; jaise ki jaina graMthoMse pramANita hai| mathurAke kaMkAlITIlese bhI IsavIkI pahalI zatAbdikI banI huI bhagavAn pArzvanAthakI nagna mUrtiyAM upalabdha huI haiM aura vahAMpara eka IMToMkA banA huA bahuprAcIna jaina stUpa bhI thA; jisakA samaya bulhara aura vinsenTa smitha prabhRti vidvAn bhagavAn pArzvanAthakA samavartI batalAte haiN| aba yadi 243 tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIrajI (pAMcavI zatAbdi IsAse pUrva) ke pahale bhagavAn pArzvanAthanI nahIM huve to phira usa samayakA jainastUpa kahAMse AgayA ? ataH mAnanA par3atA hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthanI avazya hI eka aitihAsika vyakti the ! udhara jainetara sAhityapara dRSTi DAlanese bhI hameM bauddha sAhityase bhagavAna mahAvIrake pahile eka jaina tIrthaMkarakA honA pramANita hotA hai / majjhimanikAyameM likhA hai ki nigantha putra saccakane ma0 buddhase vAda kiyA thA / aba yadi jainadharma bhagavAna mahAvIranIse pahalekA na hotA, jo ma0 buddhake samakAlIna the, tau phira eka jainakA lar3akA ( nigantha putta ) ma0 buddhakA samakAlIna nahIM hosaktA thaa| isa ullekhase spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIranIke pahale bhI koI mahApuruSa jainadharmakA praNetA hogayA thA / bauDasA 1-jainastUpa eNDa adara eNTIkvaTIja Apha mathurA pR0 13 / 2-bhagavAn mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha pR0 199 /

Page #15
hityameM kevala yahI eka ullekha nahIM hai, balki aura bhI kaI ullekha haiM jinase bhagavAn pArzvanAthake astitva aura unake ziSyoM AdikA paricaya milatA hai| ataeva isataraha bhI hama jainamAnyatAko ThIka pAte haiN| aise hI utkaTa pramANoMko dekhakara Adhunika vidvAnoMne bhI bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIko eka aitihAsika Adhunika vidvAna bhIzrI mahApuruSa mAnA hai / vaha koI kAlpanika pArthako aitihAsika vyakti nahIM the, yaha bAta prAyaH saba hI puruSa mAnate haiN| vidvAna mAnane lage haiM / yahAMpara unameMse kuchakA abhimata uddhRta kara denA anucita na hogaa| pahale hI prasiddha bhAratIya vidvAn DA0 TI0 ke0 laDDU bI0 e0, pI0 eca0 DI0, ema. Ara0 e0 esa0 Adiko le liijie| Apa apane banArasavAle vyAkhyAnameM kahate haiM:-" yaha prAyaH nizcita hai ki jainadharma bauddhamatase prAcIna hai aura isake saMsthApaka cAhe pArzvanAtha hoM aura cAhe anya koI tIrthakara jo mahAvIrajIse pahale hue hoN|" prakhyAt dArzanika vidvAn sAhityAcArya lA0 kannomala ema0 e0 jaja eka lekhameM 1-bhagavAn mahAvIra aura ma0 buddhakA pariziSTa / vauddha zAstroMmeM jainoMkA ullekha nigantharUpameM huA hai / svayaM jainagraMthoMmeM bhI jainamuni 'nigatha' ke nAmase paricita huye haiM / (mUlAcAra pR0 13) 'nigaMtha' kA saMskRtarUpa 'nirgrantha' hai, jisakA bhAva nira (=nahIM+graMtha (=graMthi = gAMTha) arthAt graMthiyoMse rahita hai / jaikovI aura bulharane nigaMthoMkA bhAva jaimoMse pramANita kiyA hai / (dekhoM jainasUtra S. B. E. kI bhUmikA / 2-jaina laoN0 pR0 223 /

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[7] bhagavAn pArzvanAthakI aitihAsikatA svIkAra karate huye likhate haiM ki " zrI pArzvanAthajI jainoMke teIsaveM tIrthaMkara haiM / inakA samaya isAse 800 varSa pUrvakA hai|" isI taraha hindI vizvakoSa' ke yogya sampAdaka zrImAn nagendranAtha vasu, prAcyavidyAmahArNava, siddhAntavAridhi, zabdaratnAkara "harivaMzapurANa" ke paricayameM likhate haiM ki "jainadharma kitanA prAcIna hai, isa viSayameM AlocanA karanekA yaha sthAna nahIM hai; taba itanA kaha denA hI basa hogA ki jaina saMpradAyake 23 veM tIrthaMkara zrI pArzvanAthasvAmI svIpTAbdase 777 varSa pahale mokSa padhAre the|" eka anya labdhakIrti baMgAlI vidvAn DaoN. vimalacaraNa laoN0 ema0 e0, pI0 eca0 DI0, epha0 Ara0 hisTa0 esa0 Adi apanI pustaka 'kSatriya chainsa ina buddhisTa inDiyA' (e0 82 meM) vaizAlImeM jainadharmakA pracAra bhagavAn mahAvIrase pahalekA batalAte huye likhate haiM ki " pArzvanAthanI dvArA sthApita huye dharmakA pracAra bhAratake uttara-pUrvI kSatriyoMmeM aura khAsakara vaizAlIke nivAsiyoMmeM thaa|" dakSiNa bhAratIya vidvAn praoN0 ema0 esa0 rAmAsvAmI eMgara ema0 e0 likhate haiM ki "bhagavAn mahAvIrake nikaTavartI pUrvana pArzvanAtha the, jinakA janma IsAse pahale 877 meM huA thaa| unakA mokSakAla IsAse pUrva 777 meM mAnA jAtA hai / kintu inake uparAnta eka vizvasanIya jaina itihAsako pAnA kaThina hai| " isI apekSA 1-jainadharma viSayameM ajaina vidvAnoMkI sammatiyAM pR0 51 / 2-harivaMzapurANa bhUmikA pR0 6 / 3-sTaDIja ina sAutha inDiyana jainIjma bhA0 1 pR. 12 /

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[<] prasiddha rAdhAsvAmI maharSi zrI zivavratalAlajI varmana ema0 e0, ela0 ela0 DI0 zrI pArzvanAthakA astitva svIkAra karake kahate haiM ki " jainiyoMmeM se koI pArzvanAthakI pUjA karatA hai, koI mahAvIrasvAmIkI, ina sabameM matabheda bahuta kucha nahIM hai / "" zrI DaoN0 venImAdhava bAruA DI0 liTa0 bhI zrI pArzvanAthajIko mahAvIrasvAmIkA pUrvAgAmI tIrthaMkara svIkAra karate haiM / " isa taraha para bhAratIya vidvAnoM kI dRSTimeM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha eka vAstavika mahApuruSa pramANita huye haiM / yahI hAla pAzcAtya vidvAnoMkA hai / unameM bahuprasiddha pro0 DaoN0 harmana jaikobIke mantavyapara hI pahale dRSTipAta kara lIjiye / unhoMne " jainasUtroM " kI bhUmikA meM jaina dharmako bauddhamatase prAcIna siddha karate huye likhA hai ki "pA eka aitihAsika vyakti the, yaha bAta aba prAyaH sabako svIkAra hai / " (That Parsva was a historical person, is now admitted by all, as very probable. Jaina Sutras. S. B. E. XLV. Intro. p. XXI). isI vyAkhyAkI puSTi DaoN0 jArla cArapenTiyara pI0 eca0 DI0 " uttarAdhyayana sUtra" kI bhUmikA (STa0 21) meM nimna zabdoM dvArA karate haiM: "We ought also to remember both that the Jain religion is certainly older than Mahavira, his reputed predecessor Parsva having almost certainly existed as a real person, and that, consequently, the main points of the original doctrine may have been codified long before Mahavira. " ( The Uttra dhyayan Sutra, Upsala ed Intro. P. 21). 1 - jainadharmakA mahatva pR0 14 / 2- hisTrI oNpha dI prI0 buddhisTika inDiyana philAsaphI pR0 377 /

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[9] arthAt - "hameM yaha donoM bAteM yAda rakhanA jarUrI haiM ki sacamuca jainadharma mahAvIrajI se prAcIna hai / inake suprakhyAta pUrvAgAmI zrI pArzva avazya hI eka vAstavika puruSake rUpameM vidyamAna rahe the / aura isIliye jaina siddhAntakI mukhya bAteM mahAvIrajI ke bahuta pahale hI nirNIta hogaI thIM / " "" hAlahI meM baralina vizvavidyAlaya ke suprasiddha vidvAn pro0 DaoN0 helmutha vaoNna glAsenAppa pI0 eca0 DI0 ne bhI jaina mAnyatAko vizvasanIya svIkAra karake bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIkI aitihAsikatA sArapUrNa batalAI hai |gt vembalI pradarzanI ke samaya eka dharma sammelana huA thA, usake vivaraNameM jainadharmakI prAcInatA ke viSaya meM likhate huye sara paiTrika phaigana ke0 sI0 AI0 I0, sI0 esa0 AI ne bhI yahI prakaTa kiyA hai ki "jaina tIrthaMkaroM meM se aMtima do - pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra, nissaMdeha vAstavika vyakti the; kyoMki unakA ullekha aise sAhitya granthoM meM hai jo aitihAsika haiM / " yahI bAta mi0 I0 pI0 rAisa sA0 svIkAra karate haiM / (They may be regarded as historical) zrImatI sinkalepara sTIvensana bhI pArzvanAthajIko aitihAsika puruSa mAnatIM haiN| phrAMsa ke prasiddha saMskRtajJa vidvAna DaoN0 giranoTa to spaSTa rIti se unako aitihAsika puruSa ghoSita karate haiM / ("There can no longer be any doubt that Parsvanatha was historical personage")" isI prakAra aMgrejIke mahatvapUrNa koSa-graMtha "iMsAi 3 1 - Dara jainisamasa pR0 19-21 / 2 - rilIjansa oNpha dI impAyara pR0 203 / 3 - kanArIja liTarecara pR0 20 / 4-hArTa oNpha jainIjma pR0 48 / 5- aise oNna dI jaina bAibloprephI /

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[10] klopeDiyA oNpha rilIjana eNDa Ithiksa" meM (bhA0 7 0 465 ) jainadharmakI prAcInatA siddha karate hue kahA gayA hai ki - "23 veM tIrthaMkara pArzva bahutAyatase jainadharma ke saMsthApaka kahe jAsakte haiM / " parantu isase bhI spaSTa ullekha "hArmasavartha hisTrI oNpha dI varlaDa" bhA0 2 0 1998 meM isaprakAra hai: -- " They ( The Jains ) believe in a great number of prophets of their faith anterior to Nataputta (Sri Mahavira Vardhamana ) and pay special reverence to this last of these, Parsva or Parsvanatha, Herein they are correct, in so far as the latter personality is more than mythical. He was indeed the royal founder of Jainism ( 776 B. C. ? ) while his successor, Mahavira was younger by many generations and can be considered only as a reforner. As early as the time of Gautam, the religious confraternity founded by Parsva, and known as the Nigantha, was a formally established sect, and according to the Buddhist Chronicles, threw numerors difficulties in the way of the rising Buddhism " ( " Harmsworth's History of the world." Vol. II. P. 1198 ). arthAt - " jainI nAtaputta mahAvIra varddhamAnake pahale kaI tIrthakaroMkA honA mAnate haiM aura unameMse aMtima pArzva athavA pArzva - nAthakI vizeSa vinaya karate haiM / yaha vaha ThIka karate haiM kyoMki vaha (pArzvanAtha jI) paurANikase kucha adhika arthAt aitihAsika puruSa hai / yahI jainadharmake rAjavaMzI praNetA the; jaba ki inake anugAmI mahAvIra inase kaI santati uparAMtake eka sudhAraka hI the / gautamabuddha ke samaya meM hI pArzva dvArA sthApita dhArmika saMgha, jo 'nigantha' nAmase paricita thA, eka pUrva sthApita saMpradAya thA aura bauddha granthoMke anusAra usane bauddhadharmake utthAna meM bahutasI ar3acane DAlIM thIM / "

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[11] ___ ina abhimatoMse bhI hamArA uparokta kathana bilakula spaSTa hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAtha eka aitihAsika vyakti the; parantu isake sAtha hI yaha prazna agAr3I AgayA hai ki kyA pArzvanAtha nI hI jainadharmake saMsthApaka the, jaise Uparake kitaneka vidvAnoMkA mata hai / hamAre prasiddha dezabhakta lA0 lAjapatarAyanIne to apane "bhAratavarSakA itihAsa" (bhA0 140 129)meM yaha mata jainiyoMkA batalA diyA hai / kintu dara asala bAta yaha nahIM hai / jaina loga to apane dharmako anAdi nidhana mAnate haiM / vaha yathArtha satya hai| isa kAraNa usakA kabhI lopa nahIM hotA / para to bhI vaha kAlacakrake anusAra vikSipta aura udita hotA rahatA hai| isa kAlameM jainadharmakA sarva prathama pracAra bhagavAna RSabhadeva yA vRSabhadevane kiyA thA aura unake bAda zrIpArzvanAthajI jainadharmake kAlAntarase 23 tIrthakara aura huye the| saMsthApaka nahIM haiN| ina sabakA samaya Ajakalake mAne huye prAcIna aura itihAsAtIta kAlameM jAkara baiThatA hai / hama agAr3I isa bAtako svataMtra pramANoM dvArA pragaTa kareMge ki jainadharmakA astitva vaidika kAla evaM usase bhI pahale vidyamAna thA / isa dazAmeM hama bhagavAn pArzvanAthako jainadharmakA saMsthApaka svIkAra nahIM kara sakte / pratyuta kaI vidvAna to pArzvanAthajIke pUrvAgAmI tIrthaMkaroMko bhI aitihAsika puruSa svIkAra karate haiN| zrI nagendranAtha vasu, prAcya vidyAmahArNava ema0 Ara0 e. ___ esa0 Adi spaSTa likhate haiM ki-"una bAisaveM tIrthaMkara zrIne- (pArzvanAthajI)se pahale bAIsaveM tIrthaMkara

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[12] zrI neminAthasvAmI bhagavAna zrI kRSNake saMparka bhrAtA ( tAU ke lar3ake ) the / ..... bhagavAn zrI kRSNako yadi hama aitihAsika puruSa mAnate haiM to hameM balAt unake sAtha honevAle 22veM tIrthaMkara zrIneminAthako bhI aitihAsika puruSa mAnanA pdd'egaa| yahI bAna DaoN0 phuhararane "epIye phikA iMDikA ( bhA0 140 389 aura bhA0 2 0 206 - 207 ) meM likhI hai ki- " jainiyoMke 22veM tIrthaMkara zrI neminAthajI aitihAsika puruSa mAne gaye haiM / bhagavadgItA ke pariziSTa meM zrIyuta varave svIkAra karate haiM ki neminAtha zrIkRSNake bhAI the / jaba jainiyoMke 22veM tIrthaMkara zrIkRSNake samakAlIna the to zeSa ikkIsa zrIkRSNa se kitane varSa pahale hone cAhiye, yaha pAThaka svayaM anumAna kara sakte haiM / " isI kAraNa zrIyuta pro0 tukArAma kRSNazarmA lahu bI0 e0, pI0 eca0 DI0, ema0 Ara0 e0 esa, ema0 e0 esa 0, ityAdine kahA hai ki "sabase pahile isa bhAratavarSa meM "RSabhadevajI" nAmake maharSi utpanna hue / ve dayAvAna bhadra pariNAmI pahale tIrthaMkara hue jinhoMne mithyAtva avasthAko dekhakara 'samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna aura samyagcAritra rUpI mokSa zAstrakA upadeza kiyA / basa yaha hI jina darzana isa kalpa meM huA / isake pazcAt ajitanAthase lekara mahAvIra taka teIsa tIrthaMkara apane2 samaya meM ajJAnI jIvoMkA moha andhakAra nAza karate rahe / " " isIliye zrIyuta varadAkAMta mukhyo minAthajI eka aiti hAsika puruSa aura zeSa tIrthakara | 1 - harivaMzapurANa bhUmikA pR0 6 / 2-ajaina vidvAnoMkI sammatiyAM (vyAvara) pR0 28 /

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[13] pAdhyAya ema0 e0ne ThIka kahA hai ki pArzvanAthajI jainadharmake Adi pracAraka nahIM the, parantu isakA prathama pracAra RSabhadevajIne kiyA thaa| isakI puSTike pramANoMkA abhAva nahIM hai / "' haThAt DaoN0 harmana jaikobIko bhI yaha pragaTa karanA par3A hai kiH " But there is nothing th prove that Parsva was the founder of Jainism. Jaina tradition is unanimous in making Rishabha the first Tirthankara (as its founder)......there may be something historical in the tradition which makes him the first Tirthankara."-( Indian Antiquary. VOI, IX. P. 163.:) ___arthAta-'pArzvako jainadharmakA praNetA yA saMsthApaka siddha karaneke lie koI pramANa upalabdha nahIM haiN| jaina mAnyatA spaSTa rItise prathama tIrthaMkara RSabhadevako isakA saMsthApaka batalAtI hai| jainiyoMkI isa mAnyatAmeM kucha aitihAsika satya ho saktA hai|' isa prakAra pAzcAtya vidvAnoM kA pUrvokta mata unhIMke bacanoMse bAdhita hai taubhI hama svataMtra rItise jainadharmakI prAcInatApara prakAza DAleMge; jisase ki vidvatsamAjase yaha bhrama dUra hojAya ki jainadharmake saMsthApaka zrI pArzvanAthajI athavA mahAvIra the / jainadharmakI vizeSa prAcInatA svayaM usake katipaya siddhAMtoMse hI pragaTa hai| usameM jo vanaspati, jainadharmakI prAcInatA pRthvI, jala, agni Adi padArthomeM usake siddhAntoMse jIvita zaktikA honA batalAyA gayA . prakaTa hai| hai, vaha usakI bahu prAcInatAkA dyotaka hai / kyoMki Euthology vidyAkA mata isa siddhAMtake viSayameM hai ki vaha sarva prAcIna manuSyoMkA mata 1-pUrva pR0 18 /

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[ 14 (Animistic belief) hai / isake sAtha hI jainasiddhAntameM tatvoM vA dravyoMkA varNana karate samaya guNoMkA prathak vivecana nahIM kiyA gayA arthAt guNoMko svayaM eka tattva vA dravya nahIM mAnA gayA hai| isase pragaTa hai ki jainadharma vaizeSika darzanase bahuta prAcIna hai, jaise DA. jaikobI pragaTa karate haiN|' ina donoM bAtoMke atirikta jainiyoMkI AdarzapUjA aura aNuvAda bhI usakI bahu prAcInatAko pramANita karate haiM / jainI una mahAn puruSoMkI pUjA karate haiM jo sarvotkRSTa, sarvajJa aura sarvahitaiSI the / isa prakArakI pUnA prAcIna manuSyoMmeM hI pracalita thii| sacamuca " jo dharma atyanta sarala hogA vaha apanese adhika jaTila dharmase prAcIna samajhA jAyagA / " aura yaha mAnI huI bAta hai, jaise ki mejara janarala pharalAnga sAhaba kahate haiM ki "jainadharmase sarala-pUnA meM, vyavahArameM aura siddhAMtameM aura kaunasA dharma hosaktA hai ?" yahI hAla aNuvAda siddhAntakA hai / 'insAiklopeDiyA oNpha rilIjana enDa I thaksa' bhAga 240 199-200 kA nimna aMza hI isa viSayameM paryApta hai "In the oldest philosophical speculations of the Brahmans, as preserved in the Upanishada, we find no trace of an atomic theory; and it is therefore controverted in the Vedanta Sutra, which claims systematically to interpret the teachings of the Upanishads. Nor it is acknowledged in thc Sankhya and Yoga philosophies, which have the next claim to be considered orthodox; i. e. to be in keeping with the Vedas; for even the Vedanta Sutra allows them the title of Smritis. But the atomic 1-jainasUtra S. B. E. Intro -Carlyle. Heroes & Hero worship. 3-Thomas, Jainism-Early Faith of Asoka.

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[15] theory makes an integral part of the Vaisesika, and it is acknowledged by the Nyaya, two Brahmanical philosophies, which have originated by secular scholars ( Pandits), rather than by divine or religious men. Among the hetrodox, it has been adopted by the Jains, and...also by the Ajivikas......... We place the Jains first because they seem to have worked out their system from the most primitive notions about matter. -( ERE. Vol. II. PP. 199-200). bhAvArtha-'brAhmaNoMke prAcInase prAcIna saiddhAMtika graMthoMmeM, jaise ki ve upaniSadoMmeM batAye gaye haiM, koI bhI ullekha aNusiddhAntakA nahIM hai / aura isIliye vedAntasUtra meM isakA khaNDana kiyA gayA hai, jo upaniSada zikSAoMko vyavasthita raMtise batalAne kA dAvA karatA hai / vedoMke samAna mAnya sAMkhya aura yogadarzanoMmeM bhI isa siddhAntakA koI ullekha nahIM hai kintu vaizeSika aura nyAya darzanoMmeM yaha svIkAra kiyA gayA hai para yaha donoM darzana arvAcIna paMDitoMkI racanAyeM haiM-na ki kisI daivI yA dhArmika puruSa kI / veda virodhI matomeM jaina aura AjIvikoM ko yaha siddhAnta mAnya thA / .... jainoMko hI hama pahale mukhya sthAna dete haiM; kyoMki unhoMne apane siddhAntako pudgala sambandhI atIva pra.cIna (most primitive) matoMke anupAra nirdiSTa kiyA hai / ' isataraha aNusiddhAnta bhI jainiyoMke dharmako atyanta prAcIna siddha karatA hai / isa avasthAmeM usakA prArambha bhagavAna neminAtha yA pArzvanAtha athavA mahAvIrase huA batalAnA korI zekhacillIkI kahAnI hogii| usakA prAraMbha jaise ki jainiyoMkI mAnyatA hai, eka bahuta prAcInakAlameM bhagavAna RSabhadeva dvArA hI huA thA / isI kAraNa prasiddha saMskRtajJa vidvAn

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[16] purAtatvavidoMkA jaise DaoN0 glAsenAppako yaha svIkAra karanA par3A hai ki " saMbhavataH AryokA yahI (jainadharma) sabase prAcIna tAtvika darzana hai aura apanI janmabhUmimeM yaha Ajataka binA kisI rahobadalake calA AtA hai|" isa kAlameM jainadharmakA sarva prathama upadeza bhagavAn RSabha devane hI eka atIva prAcInakAlameM purAtatvakI saakssii| diyA thA, yaha bAta purAtana bhAratIya purAtatvase bhI siddha hotI hai / jainamaMdiroMmeM RSabhadevajIkI aneka pratimAyeM 'cauthekAla' arthAt bhagavAn mahAvIra yA unase pUrvavartI kAlakI batalAI jAtI hai| sacamuca unameM koI lekha na rahanese aura unakI banAvaTa aspaSTa aura asaMskRta honeke kAraNa unheM ukta prakAra prAcIna mAnanA kucha anucita nahIM hai| tisapara jaba hama rAjA khAravelake hAthIguphAvAle lekhameM eka nandavaMzI rAjA dvArA zrI. RSabhadevanIkI mUrtiko kaliMgase pATalIputra le jAnekA ullekha pAte haiM, to isa vyAkhyAko aura bhI vizvasanIya pAte haiN| nandavaMzake pahalese zrI RSabhadevakI murtiyAM banane lagIM thIM, yaha bAta hAthIguphAke ukta prAcIna zilAlekhase pramANita hai / phira khaMDagirikI guphAoMmeM bhI zrI RSabhadevakI mUrtiyAM ukerI huI haiM aura mathurAke kaMkAlI TIle IsAse pUrva aura bAdakI prathama zatAbdiyoMke prAraMbhika kAlakI jaina mUrtiyAM nikalI haiM, jinameM kaI eka zrI RSabhadevajIkI haiN| isa taraha 1 baMgAla, vihAra, or3IsAke jainasmAraka pR0 138 / 2-jainastUpa eNDa adhara eNTIkvaTIz2a Aka mathurA pR0 21-30 / .

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uparokta varNanase yaha spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn RSabhadevake astitvako Ajase DhAI hajAra varSa pahaleke loga svIkAra karate the aura unheM jainiyoM kA 'AdipuruSa' mAnate the / hAthIguphAka uparokta zilAlekhameM unakA ullekha 'anina'ke rUpameM huA hai| ataeva purAtana purAtatva bhI zrI RSabhadevIko jainadharmakA isa yugakAlIna Adi pracAraka siddha karatA hai| . bauddha sAhityase bhI yaha pramANita hai ki jainadharma madeg buddhake janmakAlameM eka susaMgaThita dharma thA aura bauddha graMtha bhI zrIRSabha- vaha 'nigantha dhamma'ke nAmase bahuta pahadevako jainadharmakA praNetA lese calA ArahA thaa| hama pahale hI batalAte haiN| kaha cuke haiM ki bauddha granthoMmeM jainiyoMke sambandhameM aneka sAragarbhita ullekha maujUda haiM / 'aMguttaranikAya' meM eka sUcI ma0 buddha ke samayake sAdhuoMkI dI hai aura usameM 'niganthoM' (jainiyoM )ko AnIvakoMke bAda dUsare nambarapara ginA hai| yadi jainI prAcIna na hote to unakI gaNanA isa taraha dUsare naMbarapara nahIM hosaktI thii| isake sAtha hI hama yaha bhI jAnate haiM ki AnIvika matakI sRSTi bhagavAna pArzvanAthake tIrtha makkhaligozAla nAmaka eka bhraSTa jaina muni dvArA hI mukhyatAse huI thI, jaise ki prastuta pustakameM yathAsthAna batAyA gayA hai| isa dazAmeM AjIvikoM ko pahale aura unake bAda jainoMko ginanA 1-sTaDIja ina sAutha inDiyana jainIjma bhAga 2 pR0 4 / DAyolAgsa oNpha dI buddha (3. B. B. Vol. II.) Intro. to Kassupa-Sihanda-Satta.

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[18] asaMgata hai| parantu yaha saMbhavataH isa kAraNase hai ki jainI usa samayake pahale 'nigantha' nAmase paricita na hokara kisI anya nAmase vikhyAt hoMge / sacamuca zvetAMbara zAstroM meM usa kAlase pahaleke jaina muni 'kumAraputta nigantha' nAmase paricita milate haiN| 'zramaNa' rUpase bhI jaina muni pahale vikhyAta the / 'kalpasUtra' meM jainadharmako 'zramaNa dharma' hI likhA hai / yahI bAta di0 jaina granthoMse bhI pramANita hai / isake sAtha hI hama agAr3I yaha bhI dekheMge ki vaidika kAlameM jaina loga 'vrAtya' nAmase bhI paricita the / yaha bAta hindU vidvAn mAnate haiM ki vaidika mata ahiMsA pradhAna nahIM thA-prArambhase hI usameM hiMsaka vidhAna maujUda the aura jainadharmameM ahiMsA hI mukhya hai, jisakI chApa vaidika dharmapara Akhira par3I thii| ataeva jabataka vaidika matameM ahiMsAdi vratoMko apanAyA nahIM gayA thA, tabataka unakA apane pratipakSI jainiyoM ko unake ahiMsA Adi pAMca vratoMke kAraNa "vrAtya" nAmase ullekha karanA sarvathA ucita thaa| saMbhavataH bhagavAna pArzvanAthake samaya taka jainI "vrAtya" aura "samaNa" nAmase hI paricita rahe the aura isake uparAMta ve mukhyataH "nigaMtha" nAmase vikhyAta huye / yahI kAraNa hai ki uparokta bauddha graMthameM unheM AjIvikoMke bAda dUsare nambara para ginA gayA hai| jo ho, bauddha ..1-uttarAdhyayana vyA0 23 / 2-kalpasUtra (Stwenson' pR0 83 / 3-maharSi zivavratalAla. ema0 e0kA "jainadharma aura vaidika dharma" vIra varSa 5pR0 235 aura prinsipalsa oNpha hindu Ithiksa pR0 443-487 / 4-lAjapatarAya, "bhAratavarSakA itihAsa" bhAga 1 pR0 129 aura bhAratagaurava lo. tilakakA vyAkhyAna-ajaina vidvAnoMkI sammaniyAM pR0 10 /

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_ [19] graMthake isa ullekhase jainadharma ma0 buddha aura unake bauddhadharmase bahuta pahalekA pramANita hotA hai| phira bauddhAcArya dharmakIrti sarvajJa Aptake udAharaNameM RSabha aura mahAvIra vaImAnakA ullekha karate haiN| (nyAyabindu a0 3) isameM jainiyoMke 24 tIrthaMkaroM se Adi antake jaina tIrthaMkaroMkA ullekha karake vyAkhyAkI sArthakatA svIkAra kI gaI hai / isI taraha bauddhAcArya Aryadeva bhI jainadharmake Adi pracAraka zrI RSabhadevako hI batalAte haiN|' bauddhoMke prAcIna grantha 'dhammapadam' meM bhI aspaSTa rItise zrIRSabhadeva aura mahAvIrajIkA ullekha AyA hai / eka vidvAn usake nimna gAthAkA sambandha jainadharmase . pragaTa karate haiM aura kahate haiM ki isameMke 'usabhaM' aura 'vIra' zabda khAsakara jaina tIrthakaroM ke nAma apekSA likhe gae haiM - "usabhaM pavaraM vIraM mahesiM vijitAvinaM / anejaM nahAtakaM buddhaM tamahaM brUmi brAhmaNaM // 422 // " -dhammapadam / isaprakAra bauddha sAhityase bhI yahI prakaTa hai ki isa jamAne meM jainadharmakA pracAra bhagavAna RSabhadeva dvArA huA thA; jinake samayakA patA lagAnA itihAsake lie isasamaya eka duSkara kArya hai| 1-sat zAstra "vIra" varSa 4 pR0 353 / / 2-inDiyana hisTArIkala kvArTI bhAga 3 pR. 473-475 'agestA DikzanarauM meM 'RSabha' zabdakI utpatti avestana (Avestan) zabda 'arazama' ( =nara )se likhI hai, jisake artha puruSa, baila, bahAdura Adi hote haiN| isI taraha 'vIra' ke artha bhI bahAdura likhe haiN| sArAMza mi0 govinda paine ukta patrikAmeM ina donoM zabdoMko yahu prAcIna siddha kitA hai| avestana bhASAmeM arhat zabda bhI milatA hai /

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[ 20 ] aba yadi brAhmaNa sAhitya para dRSTi DAlI jAya to pragaTataH usameM bhI jaina vyAkhyAko vizvasanIya vedoMmeM jaina ullekha ! batalAyA huA milatA hai| brAhmaNa sAhityameM sarva prAcIna pustakeM veda mAne gaye haiM aura inameM Rgveda saMsAra bhara meM sarva prAcIna pustaka batalAI gaI hai / ataeva yahAM para hama pahale ina vedoMmeM hI jaina ullekhoM ko dekha lenA ucita samajhate haiN| yaha prAyaH sabako hI mAnya hai ki jainiyoMke Aptadeva 'arhat' athavA 'arhan' nAmase paricita haiN| sivAya bauddhoM aura kisI bhI matane isa zabdakA vyavahAra nahIM kiyA hai; kintu bauddhoM nikaTa bhI isake artha eka Aptadevase nahIM haipratyuta unake eka khAsa tarahake sAdhuoM kA ullekha 'arhata' rUpa meM hotA hai / ataeva jainiyoMke hI 'upAsanIya Apta aIna' nAmase ullekhita milate haiM aura inhIM 'arhan' kA ullekha Rgveda saMhitA (a0 2 0 17) meM huA hai / ' kAlIdAsajIke 'hanumAna nATaka ' (a0 1 zlo0 3 ) meM bhI yahI kahA gayA hai ki 'arhan' jainiyoMke upAsanIya deva haiM / agAr3I RgsaMhitA meM (10/136 - 2 ) munayaH vAtavasanAH rUpameM bhI digambara jaina muniyoMkA ullekha milatA hai| DaoN0 alabreTa vebarane vedake yaha zabda jaina muniyoMke liye vyavahRta huye svIkAra kiye haiM / RSa, supArzva, " nemi Adi nAma 3 5 PS 1 - pUrva pramANa / 2 - mekSamUlara dvArA sampAdita, landana 1854kI chapI, bhA0 2 0 579 / 3 - inDiyana eNTIkvarI bhA0 30 1901 aura jinendramata darpaNa pR0 21 / 4 Rgveda 30-3, 36-7, 38-7 / 5 - yajurveda - OM supArzvamindrahave / ' 6 - vAjasyanu prasava AvabhUvanA ca vi bhuvanAni sarvataH / sanemirAjA pariyAti vidvAn prajAM puSTivardhayanamAno // asmesvAhA // a0 9 maM0 25 //

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[21] bhI Rgveda aura yajurvedameM Aye haiM ' aura yaha nAma jaina tIrthakaroMki haiM / pratyuta cauvIsa tIrthakaroM aura zrI mahAvIrajIke ullekha bhI Rgveda aura yajurvedameM batalAye gaye haiN|* RgvedameM aise 'zramaNoM' kA bhI jikra hai, jo yajJoMmeM honevAlI hiMsAkA virodha karate the| yaha zramaNa jainoMke sivAya aura koI nahIM hosakte; kyoMki jainadharma spaSTa rItise yajJoMmeM honevAlI hiMsAkA virodhaka prArambhase rahA hai aura vaha zramaNa dharma bhI kahalAtA hai anyatra prastuta pustakameM hamane 1-hisTaoNrIkala glIninigsa pR0.76 / * zrIyuta paM0 ajitakumArajI zAstrIne 'satyArtha darpaNa meM (pR0 91) Rgveda Adise nimna uddharaNa diye haiM, inase jaina tIrthaMkaroMkA vyaktitva pramANita hai: "OM trailokyapratiSThitAn caturvizatitIrthakarAn RSabhAdyA varcamAnAntAn siddhAn zaraNaM prapadye / OM pavitraM nagnamupaviprasAmahe eSAM nagnoM (nagnaye) jAtiryeSAM vIrA / yeSA nagmaM sunagnaM brahma subrahmacAriNaM uditena manasA devasya maharSayo maharSibhijaheti yA jakasya ya jaMtasya ca sA eSA rakSA bhavatu zAMtirbhavatu, tuSTirbhavatu, zaktirbhavatu, svastirbhavatu, zraddhAbhavata, nirvyAjaM bhavatu / " (koSu mUlamaMtra eSa iti vidhikaMdalyAM ) / . "jJAtAramindaM RSabhaM vadanti aticAramindra tamariSTanemi / bhave bhave subhavaM supArzvamindraM have tu zakraM ajitaM jinendraM tavarddhamAnaM puruhUvamindra svAhA // namaM suvIraM digvAsasaM brahmagarbha sanAtanam / dayAtu dIrghAyustvAya balAyavarcase suprajAstvAya rakSa rakSa riSTanemi svAhA / " (bRhadAraNyakeM). "AtithyarUpaM mAsaraM mahAvIrasya nagnahu / rUpAmupAsAdAmetattiyau rAtrauH surAsutAH // " yajurveda a0 1980 14 "samidrasya pramahasA'gre vande tava zriyaM / vRSabho gammavAnasimamadhvareSvidhyase // " Rgveda 40 4.bha0 3 va.6. sne 3-3-14-2 / /

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[22] RgvedakI prajApati parameSThinavAlI RcAoMkA sambandha jainadharmase batalAyA hai| 'chAndogya upaniSad ke ullekhase prajApatikA jainasaMbaMdha aura bhI spaSTa honAtA hai / vahAM vaha nAradake praznake uttarameM kahate hue AtmavidyAke samakSa cAroM vedoMko kucha bhI nahIM mAnate haiN|' isa prakAra vedoMke ina saba ullekhoMse yaha spaSTa hai ki unake samayameM bhI jainadharma eka pracalita dharma thaa| tisapara hindU 'bhAgavata' meM jo RSabhadevako AThavAM avatAra mAnA hai, usase unakA astitva vedoMse bhI prAcIna ThaharatA hai kyoMki unameM 15veM vAmana avatArakA ullekha maujUda hai / yahI bAta hai ki hindU praoN. svAmI virupAkSa baDiyara dharmabhUSaNa, paMDita, vedatIrtha, vidyAnidhi, ema0 e0 likhate haiM ki jaina zAstrAnusAra 'RSabhadevajIkA nAtI mArIci prativAdI thA aura veda usake tattvAnusAra honeke kAraNa hI Rgveda Adi anthoMkI khyAti usIke jJAna dvArA huI hai| phalataH mArIci RSike strotra, vedapurANa Adi granthoM meM haiM aura sthAnara para jaina tIrthakaroMkA ullekha pAyA jAtA hai| to koI kAraNa nahIM ki hama vaidika kAlameM jainadharmakA astitva na mAneM / astu ! bahudhA vedoMke uparokta jaina viSayaka ullekhoMke sambandhameM yaha ApattikI jAtI hai ki nirukta aura bhASyase unakA jaina sambandha pragaTa nahIM hai| kintu isa viSayameM hameM yaha bhUla na jAnA cAhiye ki vedoMke jo bhASya Adi upalabdha haiM vaha arvAcIna haiN| vedoMkA vAstavika artha aura unakI aitihAsika paripATI bahuta pahale hI lupta hocukI thii| bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke samakAlIna (I0 pU0 1-vIra bhAga 5 pR0 240 ||2-ajain vidvAnoMkI sammatiyAM pR0 31)

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[ 23 ] 9vIM zatAbdi ) vaidika vidvAn kautsya vedoMkI asambaMdhatA dekhakara bhauMcakAsA raha gayA thA aura usane vedoMko anarthaka batalAyA thA (anarthakA hi maMtrAH / yAska, nirukta 15 - 1) yAskakA jJAna bhI vedoMke viSaya meM usase kucha jyAdA acchA nahIM thA / (nirukta 16/2) phira IsvI caudahavIM zatAbdimeM Akara sAyaNa bhI RgbhASya meM vaidika mAnyatA ke arthako ThIkara nahIM pAtA hai / ( sthANurayam bhArahAraH kilAbhUrvitya vedaM na vijJAnAti yo'rtham / ) isa dazA meM yaha kaise kahA jAsaktA hai ki vedoM meM RSabha nemi, arhan Adi jainatva dyotaka zabdoM kA artha jo Ajakala kiyA jAtA hai vahAM ThIka hai ? svayaM brAhmaNa vidvAna hI unako jainatva sUcaka batalAte haiN| udhara prAcIna jaina vidvAna unakA ullekha jainadharmakI prAcInatA ke pramANa rUpameM karate milate haiM / tisapara svayaM bhASyakAra sAyaNa vaidika arthako spaSTa karaneke liye purANAdiko pramANabhUta mAnatA hai aura purANAdimeM RSabha, arhan Adi zabda spaSTa jainatva sUcaka milate haiM / ataH vedoMmeM jainoMkA ullekha honA prAkRta susaMgata hai / vedoMke bAda rAmAyaNa meM bhI jaina ullekha maujUda hai; jisase spaSTa hai ki 'rAmAyaNa kAla' meM bhI jaina dharma vidyamAna thA / rAmAyaNake bAlakANDa ( sarga 14 zlo0 22 ) ke madhya rAjA dazarathakA zramaNako AhAra dene kA ullekha hai / ( " tApasA bhuJjate cApi zramaNA bhuJjate tathA / ") zramaNa zabdakA artha bhUSaNa TIkAmeM digambara sAdhu kiyA gayA hai / ( " zramaNA digambarAH zramaNA vAtavasanAH / " ) ataeva yaha zramaNa digambara jaina rAmAyaNa kAlameM jainadharma |

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[3 ] sAdhu hI the / isake sAtha hI 'yogavAziSTa meM jo zrI rAmacaMdrajIke mukhase 'jina' (jinadeva, jinakI apekSA 'jaina ' nAma hai)ke samAna honekI icchA pragaTa karAI gaI hai, isase ukta vaktavyakI aura bhI adhika puSTi hotI hai|' vAlmIkIya rAmAyaNameM hai ki rAmacandranI rAjasUya yajJa karaneko rAnI huye the, parantu bharatanIne unheM ahiMsAdharmakA mahatva samajhAkara aisA karanese roka diyA thaa| (dekho priMsapilsa Apha hindU Ithakta e0 446) rAmacandranIke 'zvasura janaka bahuprasiddha haiM / jaina purANoMse jAnA jAtA hai ki vaha pahale vedAnuyAyI the; parantu uparAMta jainadharmakA prabhAva unapara par3A thA aura ve jainadharmake jJAtA huye the| hameM hindU zAstroMmeM bhI eka janaka rAjAkA ullekha isI taraha milatA hai, kintu vaha kAzIrAja batalAye gaye haiN| kahA hai ki ekavAra maharSi gArya unake pAsa pahuMce aura unheM upadeza dene lge| para vaha unako adhika upadeza de na sake; pratyuta unhoMne svayaM brAhmaNa hote huye bhI una kSatrIrAnase brAhmadharma-AtmadharmakA upadeza grahaNa kiyA thaa| jainadharma kSatriyoMdvArA pratipAdita Atmadharma hI hai| ataeva rAmAyaNake jamAnemeM bhI jainadharma vartamAna thaa| rAmAyaNake bAda mahAbhArata kAlameM bhI jainadharmake cinha milate haiN| 'mahAbhArata' ke azvameghaparvakI anumahAbhAratake samaya gItA a0 48 zlo0 2se 12 takameM jaina dhrm| jaina aura bauddhake alagara honekI sAkSI hai| isake atirikta mahAbhAratake Adi 1-yogavAziSTaM a. 15 zloka 8 aura jainaitihAsa sIrIja bhAga 1 pR. 10-13|2-uttrpuraann pR0 335 / 3-vizvakoSa bhAga pR0 202 /

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[RA] * ra parva a0 3 zlo0 26-27 meM bhI jaina muniyoMkA ullekha 'nagna * kSapaNaka' ke rUpa meM hai / 'advaita brahmasiddhi' nAmaka hindU granthake karttA kSapaNaka ke artha jaina muni karate haiM / yathA: " kSapaNakA jaina mArga siddhAMta pravartakA iti kecita / " ( 40 169 ) anya zrotoMse bhI - kSapaNaka ke artha yahI milate haiN|' isake sAtha hI mahAbhArata zAMti parva, mokSadharma a0 219 zlo0 6 meM saptabhaMgI nayakA ullekha hai / phira isI parvake a0 263 para nIlakaMTha TIkAmeM RSabhadevake pavitra caraNakA prabhAva AtoM vA jainoMpara par3A kahA gayA hai| ina ullekhoMse mahAbhAratakAlameM bhI jaina dharmakA pracalita honA siddha hai / bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke pahalese upaniSadhoMkA bahu pracAra horahA thA aura usa samaya bhI jainadharmakA astiupaniSadoM meM jainadharma / tva yahAM pramANita hai / upaniSadhoMse yaha bAta pragaTa hai ki vedoMke sAtha hI koI vedavirodhI aise tatvavettA avazya the jinakI 'brahmavidyA' (AtmavidyA) ke AdhArapara upaniSadhoMkI racanA huI thI / zrIyuta umezacandrajI bhaTTAcArya ne yaha vyAkhyA anyatra acchI taraha pramANita kara dI hai| unakA kahanA hai ki isa samaya usa brahmavidyAkA prAyaH sarvathA lopa hai| usake bace-khuce kucha cinha upaniSadhoMmeM hI yatratatra milate haiM / usa samaya vedoM aura upaniSadhoMke atirikta brahmavidyA viSayaka sAhitya 'loka' nAmase alaga pracalita thA / aba tanika vicArane kI bAta hai ki uparokta brahmavAdI kauna the ? yadi sIrIz2a bhA0 1 pR0 13 // 1- paJcataMtra 5 / 1 / 2-jaina itihAsa 3 - iMDiyana hisTorIkala kvAraTala bhA0 3 pR0 307-315 /

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.[26] hama 'brahma' zabdako jIva-anIvakA dyotaka mAne jaisA ki pragaTa kiyA gayA hai to usakA sAmaMjasya jaina siddhAntase ThIka baiThatA hai ! upaniSadha kAlameM jainadharmakA mastaka avazya U~cA rahA thA, yaha bAta 'muNDakopaniSada' evaM 'atharvaveda' ke ullekhoMse pramANita hai; jaise ki hama agAr3I dekheNge| jarmanIke prasiddha vidvAn harTalasA ne yaha siddha kiyA hai ki 'muNDakopaniSada' meM karIba2 ThIka jainasidvAMta jaisA varNana milatA hai aura jainoMke pAribhASika zabda bhI vahAM vyavahRta huye haiN| tisapara jainoMke 'paumacariya' nAmaka prAcIna granthase 'muNDakopaniSada' ke kartA RSi aMgarisa jainoMke munipadase bhraSTa huye pragaTa hote haiM / unhoMne apane granthoMmeM vaidika dharmako jainadharmase milatA julatA banAnekA prayatna isIliye kiyA thA ki vaidika dharmAvalambI jainadharmakI ora adhika AkRSTa na ho| prAcIna 'brahmavidoM' ke 'zloka sAhitya' ke jo yatratatra aMza milate haiM; unakA yadi vizeSa adhyayana kiyA jAya to hameM vizvAsa hai ki unakI zikSA jainadharmake viruddha nahIM par3egI / ' kaThopaniSada' meM (2-6-16) prApta 'zloka sAhitya' kA eka aMza hamane dekhA hai aura usameM jainadharmase kucha bhI virodha nahIM hai / jaina mAnyatAke manusAra yaha pragaTa hai ki jaina-vANI (dvAdazAMga zrutajJAna)kI sarva prathama racanA isa kAlameM RSabhadeva dvArA huI thI aura vaha zloka 1-vIra varSa 5 pR. 238 / 2-inDo-Ireniyana mUla prantha aura saMzodhana bhA0 3 va 'dharmadhvaja' varSa 5 aMka 1 pR. 9 / 3-vizeSake liye dekho 'vIra' varSa 6 meM prakaTa honevAlA 'RSi aMgarisa aura jainadharma' zIrSaka lekha /

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[27]. baddha thI / jaina zAstroMmeM usakI alagara zloka saMkhyA dI huI hai / " ataH isase yaha saMbhava hai ki usa samaya jaina zruta hI zlokasAhitya' ke nAmase paricita ho / zAyada isameM bhASA viSayaka Apatti ho, kyoMki jainazruta arddhamAgadhI bhASAmaya batAyA gayA hai| kiMtu ardhamAgadhIkA ullekha bhagavAna mahAvIrajIke zrutajJAnake mambandha meM hai aura usakI ardhamAgadhI bhASA mAgadhadeza apekSA hI batAI gaI hai / isa dazAmeM yaha nahIM kahA jAsaktA ki bhagavAn RSabhadeva dvArA pratipAdita zrutajJAna kisa bhASA meM granthabaddha thA ? bahuta saMbhava hai ki vaha prAcIna saMskRta se milatI julatI bhASA meM ho / bhagavAna RSabhadeva dvArA eka saMskRta vyAkaraNa grantha race jAnekA ullekha milatA hI hai| isa prakAra upaniSadoMse bhI tatkAlIna jaina dharma astitvakA patA calatA hai / bhAratIya vaiyAkaraNoM meM zAkaTAyana bahu prasiddha aura bahu prAcIna haiM / inhoMne apane vyAkaraNa meM jainadharmakA zAkaTAyanakI sAkSI / ullekha kiyA hai| balki yaha svayaM jaina the, yaha bAta praoN0 gumTava AparTane apane " zAkaTAyana vyAkaraNa" (madrAsa san 1893 ) kI bhUmikAme acchI taraha siddha kI hai| vaha likhate haiM, "pANanine agne vyAkaraNa meM zAkaTAyanakA bahuta jagaha varNana kiyA hai| pAtaMjali ne bhI apane 1 - jainasidvAMta bhAskara bhA0 1 kiraNa 1 pR0 56-57 / 2-'mAgadhyAvaMtikA prAcyA zaurasainyardhamAgadhI vAhIkI dakSiNAtyA ca bhASAH sapta prakIrtitAH / carcAsamAdhAna pR0 39-40 dekho / 3 - saMkSipta jaina itihAsa bhA0 1 pR0 13 /

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[28] mahAbhASyameM zAkaTAyanakA pramANa diyA hai| zAkaTAyanake banAye huye uNAdi mUtra vaiyAkaraNoMmeM bhaleprakAra pracalita haiN| zAkaTAyanakA nAma Rgvedake prAtizAkhya, zuklayajurveda aura yAskake niruktameM bhI AyA hai / bopadevake 'kavi-kala druma' meM jahAM ATha prasiddha vaiyAkaraNoMkA varNana hai unameM zAkaTAyanakA bhI nAma hai / inameM se kevala indrakA hI nAma zAkaTAyanane apane vyAkaraNameM liyA hai| zAkaTAyanake banAye huye zabdAnuzAsanake haraeka pAThake zurU meM yaha vAkya hai-"mahAzramaNa saMghAdhipateH zrutakevalidezIcAryamya zAkaTAyanasya" isase spaSTa hai ki zAkaTAyana jaina muni the / inake 'uNAdimutra' meM " iNa sij jidIkuSyaviyonaka" sUtra 289 pAda 3 hai; jisakA artha siddhAMtakaumudIke kartAne 'minorhan' kiyA hai / isakA bhAva jainadharmake saMsthApakase hai kyoMki hindU granthoMmeM jainadharmake saMsthApakakA ullekha sarvatra 'jina' va arhana' rUpameM kiyA gayA hai| yaha zAkaTAyana niruktike kartA yAskake pahile huye the aura yAska pANinise kitanI hI zatAbdiyoM pahale hue, jo mahAbhApyake kA pAtajalike pahale vidyamAna the / aba pAtanaMliko koI to IsAse pUrva 2rI zatAbdikA batAte haiN| aura koI IsAse pahale 8vIM yA 20 * kintu aba kinhIM vidvAnoMkA mata hai ki prAcIna zAkaTAyana jaina nahIM the / jaina zAkaTAyana to rASTrakUTa vaMzI rAjA amoghavarSake samayameM hue vatAe jAte haiN| 1-indrazcandraH kAzakRtsnApizalI zAkaTAyanaH / pANinyamarajainendrAH jayantyaSTAdizAbdikAH // 2-jinetAmata darpaNa bhA. 1, pR. 5-6 / 3-jaina itihAsa sIrIja mA0 1 pR. 13-14 /

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[21] vIM zatAbdimeM huA batalAte haiM / kintu jo ho, isase yaha spaSTa hai ki vaiyAkaraNa zAkaTAyana Rgvedake pratizAkhyoMke pahale hocuke the aura isa dazAmeM bhI jainadharma bahu prAcIna siddha hotA hai / hinduoMke purANa granthoMse bhI jainadharmakI prAcInatA svayaMsiddha hai| unake sarva prAcIna viSNupurANameM hindapurANoMmeM jaina- jaina tIrthakara sumatinAthakA ullekha hai| dharmakI saakssii| tathApi usameM jainadharmakI utpatti deva aura asuroMke yuddhake pariNAma svarUpa svayaM viSNuke zarIrase utpanna mAyAmoha nAmaka puruSake dvArA bahu prAcInakAla meM huI batalAI gaI hai / mAyAmoha muNDesira, nagnarUpa,. hAthameM mayUrapiccha liye aura tapasyA karate narmadA taTapara avasthita asuroMke AzramameM pahuMce aura unako jainadharmarata kiyA, yaha bhI isa purANameM likhA hai / yaha asura 'AIta' kahalAye / ( dekhobaMgAlI AvRtti, aMza 3 a0 17-18), bhAgavatapurANameM jainadharmake praNetA zrI RSabhadevajIkA vizeSa varNana hai / unako vahAM 22 avatAroMmeM AThavAM batalAyA hai| unakI vaMzaparamparA sambaMdhameM likhA hai ki 14 manu huye, jinameM svayaMbhU manu pahale the| brahmAne jaba dekhA ki manuSya saMkhyA nahIM bar3hI to usane svayaMbhUmanu aura satyarUpAko paidA kiyA aura satyarUpA svayaMbhUmanukI patnI huii| priyavrata nAmaka putra huA; nisake AgnIndha aura umake nAbhi huye / nAbhikA vivAha marudevIse huA aura inase zrI RSabhadeva 1-hisTrI eNDa liTrecara oNpha jainIjma pR0 10 / 2-inDiyana enTIkverI bhA09pR0 163 /

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[30] huye|' bhAgavatameM spaSTa rItise ina RSabhadevako svayaM bhagavAn kaivajyapati likhA hai / tathA unako digambara veSa aura jainadharmakA calAnevAlA batalAyA hai| isa ullekhase pragaTa hai ki sRSTi ke prArambhameM, jaise hindU mAnate haiM, jaba brahmAne svayaMbhRmanu aura satyarUpAko utpanna kiyA to RSabhadeva taba unase pAMcavIM pIr3hImeM huye aura "pahale satayugake antameM huye aura 28 satayuga isa arase taka vyatIta hogaye / " isa prakAra RSabhadevakA astitva eka atIva prAcInakAlameM pragaTa hotA hai aura yaha sarvamAnya hai ki bhAgavatokta RSabhadeva hI jainoMke prathama tIrthakara hai| unake mAtApitAkA nAma aura zeSa varNana bhAgavatameM bhI prAyaH vaisA hI hai jaisA jainazAstroMmeM hai / bhAgavatake atirikta 'varAhapurANa' aura 'agnipurANa' meM bhI RSabhadevakA ullekha vidyamAna hai| prabhAsapurANa' meM to kevala RSabhadevakA hI nahIM balki 22veM tIrthakara zrI neminAthanIkA ullekha bhI maujUda hai| inake atirikta hiMdU 'padmapurANa' meM vedAnuyAyI rAjA veNake jaina honekA varNana milatA hai / jaba vaha rAjya kararahe 1-bhAgavata skandha 5 a0 3-6 / 2-bhAgavata skandha 2 a0 7 (vyakaMTezvara prepa) pR0 76 / 3-jinendramata darpaNa bhA0 1 pR0 10 / 4-hindI vizvakoSa bhA0 3 pR. 444 aura DaoN. sTIvensana, kalpasUtrakI bhUmikA pR0 16 / 5-tasya bharatasya pitA RSabhaH hemAdakSiNaM varSa mahadbhArataM nAma shshaas| 6-RSabho marudevyAgna RSabhAdUbharato'bhavat / bharatAbhArataM vaSe bharatAtsamItastvabhUt // 7-kailAze vimale ramye vRSabho'yaM jinezvaraH / cakAra svAvatAraM ca sarvajJaH sarvagaH zivaH // 59 // 8vatAdau jino nemiyugAdivimalAcale / RSINAM yA zramAdeva muktimArgasya kAraNam //

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[11] 1 the taba eka digaMbara jaina muni unake pAsa Aye the aura unheM deva, zAstra, gurukA svarUpa samajhAkara jainadharmakA zraddhAnI banAyA thA / ' 'vAmanapurANa' meM veNako brahmAse chaThI pIr3hImeM huA batAyA hai / isase bhI jainadharmakI prAcInatA pramANita hai / 'zivapurANa' meM ' arhan bhagavAn kA zubha nAma pApanAzaka aura jagata sukhadAyaka batalAyA gayA hai / nAgapurANa meM kahA hai ki jo phala 68 tIrthoke yAtrA karameM hotA hai, vaha phala AdinAtha (RSabhadeva ) ke smaraNa karanese hotA hai / isa prakAra purANagranthoMse bhI jainadharmakI prAcInatA spaSTa hai / ina purANoMke kathana bahuprAcIna kathAnakoMke AdhArapara haiM aura unameM satyAMza maujUda hai; yaha bAta Adhunika vidvAna bhI svIkAra karate haiM / * 1 - aM0 jainagajaTa bhA0 14 pR0 89 - veNasya pAtakAcAre sarvameva cadAmyaham // tasmin-chAsatiM dharmajJe prajApAle mahAtmani / puruSaH kazcidAyAto brahmauidharastathA // namarUpo mahAkAyaH sitamuNDo mahAprabhaH / mArjanIM zikhipatrANAM kakSAyAM sa hi dhArayan // paThamAno mahacchAstraM vedazAstravidUSakam / yatraveNI mahArAjastatropAyAtvarAnvitaH // arhanto devatA yatra nirgranthoM gururucyate / dayA vai paramo dharmastatra mokSaH pradRzyate // evaM veNasya vai rAjJa: sRSTireva mahAtmanaH / dharmAcAraM parityajya kathaM pApe matirbhavet // R. C. Dutt, Hindu Shastras Pt. VIII. pp. 213-22 2-aM0 jainagajaTa bhA0 14 pR0 162 hAthIguphAvAle zilAlekha meM jaina samrATke vIratvakI upamA rAjA vepa se dI hai| isase bhI rAjA veNakA jaina honA pragaTa hai / (dekho jarnala Apha dI bihAra eNDa orisA risarca sosAiTI, bhA0 13 pR0 224 | 3 - satyArtha darpaNa pR0 89 / 4- pUrva pra0 pR0 87 yathA: - 'akaSaSTiSu tIrtheSu yAtrAyAM yatphalaM bhavet / AdinAthasya devasya smaraNenApi tadbhavet // " *Macdonell's History of Sanskrit.

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abatakake vivecanase jainadharmakI prAcInatAkA bodha pUrNarUpeNa hogayA hai; parantu hama pUrvameM yaha batalA 'vAsa prAcIna jainoMkA Aye haiM ki bhagavAna mahAvIranIka pahale dyotaka hai| jainoMkA ullekha 'vrAtya' rUpameM usI taraha hotA thA, jisa taraha uparAMta ve 'nirgrantha ' aura 'ahaMta' nAmase prakhyAt huye the aura aba jaina nAmase jAhira haiN| isaliye yahAMpara hamako apane isa kathanakI sArthakatA bhI prakaTa kara denA ucita hai| isake liye hameM dakSiNI jaina vidvAn pro0 e0 cakravartI mahodayake mahatvapUrNa lekhakA Azraya lenA par3egA, jo aMgrejI jainaganaTa (bhA0 21 naM. 6) meM prakAzita huA hai / isa sAhAyyake liye hama prophesara sAhabake vizeSa AbhArI haiN| vaidika sAhityameM 'vrAtya' zabdakA prayoga vizeSa milatA hai aura usase una logoMkA AbhAsa milatA hai jo vedavirodhI the aura jinako upanayana Adi saMskAra nahIM hote the / manu vrAtya viSayameM yahI kahate haiM ki "ve loga jo dvijoM dvArA unakI samAtIya patniyoMse utpanna huye hoM, kintu jo dhArmika niyamoM kA pAlana na kara sakaneke kAraNa sAvitrIse prathaka kara diye gaye hoM, vrAtya haiN|" (manu0 10 / 20) yaha mukhyatA kSatrI the / manunI eka vrAtya kSatrIse hI jhalla, malla, licchavi, nAta, karaNa, khasa aura drAvir3a vaMzoMkI utpatti batalAte haiM / ( manu0 1022 ) vrAtya logoMkA pahanAvA bhI prathakarUpakA thaa| unakI eka khAsa tarahakI pagar3I (niyanaha) thI-ve eka vallama aura eka khAsa prakArakA dhanuSa (jyahoda) rakhate the-eka lAla kapar3A pahanate aura rathameM calate the|

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[33] unakA eka cAMdIkA AbhUSaNa 'nizka' nAmakA thaa| ve mukhyataH do vibhAgoM-hIna aura jyeSThameM vibhakta the / yadyapi ve saMskAroMse rahita samajha liye jAte the, parantu vaidika Arya unako punaH apane meM vApasa le lete the| unake vApasa lenekI khAsa kriyAyeM 'vrAtyastoma' nAmase thiiN| Adhunika vidvAn praoN0 vebara sA ne inheM uparAntakI bauDa jAtiyoM sadRza bhAnA hai aura batalAyA hai ki yaha bauddhoMke samAna koI brAhmaNavirodhI loga the| kintu praoN0 sAhabakA yaha anumAna bhrAntamaya hai, kyoMki bauddhadharmakA janma brAhmaNa sAhityase bahuta pIchekA hai| isI taraha anya vidvAnoMkA inheM koI videzI asabhya jAti athavA rudraziva sampradAya batalAnA bhI bhrAMtise khAlI nahIM hai| sacamuca yaha vrAtya loga Arya the aura vizeSataH kSatrI Arya the; kyoMki vaidika granthoMmeM kahA hai ki vrAtya na brAhmaNoMkI kriyAyoMko pAlate the aura na kRSi yA vyApAra hI karate the| isaliye vrAtya na to brAhmaNa the aura na vaizya the| ve yoDA the, kSatrI the| astu, pUrva pRSThoMmeM hama yaha batalA hI Aye haiM ki vedoMmeM khAsakara Rgveda saMhitAmeM RSabha athavA vRSabha, ariSTanemi Adi jaina tIrthakaroM ke nAma khUba milate haiM aura bhAgavata, viSNu ra Adi purANoM ke anusAra yaha RSabhadeva jainadharmake mAdi saMsthApaka aura kSatrI vaMzake the yaha bhI pragaTa hai / jaina zAstra bhI ina tIrthaMkaroMko kSatrI vaMzodbhava hI batalAte haiN| itanA hI kyoM unake anusAra Arya maryAdAkI sRSTi ikSvAku vaMzIya kSatrIyoM dvArA hI huI haiM / Rgvedake vRSabha 1-Indischen Studien I. 32. 2-viSNupurANa 2-1 / 3-AdipurANa aura uttarapurANa dekho|

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[34 athavA RSabhadevakA ikSvAkvaMza aura purukula hai| mahAkavi kAlidAsa bhI ikSvAkvaMzI rAjAoMke rAjarSi honekI sAkSI dete haiN| jainatIrthaMkaroMmeM bIsa isI vaMzake the aura zeSa cAra anya harivaMza Adike the / upaniSadoM meM jisa AtmavidyA aura niyamoMkA varNana hai, vaha bhI inhIM ikSvAkvaMzI kSatriyoMke prabhAvakA pariNAma hai| saMbhavataH kAzI, kauzala, videha Adi pUrvIya dezoMke Arya pazcimake kurupAJcAla AryoMke pahalese haiM / aura ina pradezoMmeM jainadharmakA prabhAva ma0 buddhake pahalese vidyamAna thA / tisapara manune jina jhalla, malla, licchavi, nAta, drAvir3a Adi jAtiyoMko vrAtyakSatrIkI saMtAna likhA hai, vaha prAyaH saba hI jainadharmakI mukhya upAsaka milatI haiM / malla kSatriyoMkI rAjadhAnI pAvAse hI aMtima tIrthakara mahAvIrasvAmIne nirvANa lAbha kiyA thaa| bhagavAna mahAvIra tabataka vahAM pahuMce nahIM the, parantu to bhI vaha unake ananyabhakta the aura bhagavAnko apane nagarameM dekhaneke icchuka the / isase prakaTa hai ki unameM jainadharmakA zraddhAna bhagavAn mahAvIrase pahalekA vidyamAna thA / licchavi kSatriyoM meM bhI jainadharmakI vizeSa mAnyatA thii| ve pahalese jainadharmAnuyAyI the; kyoMki unake pramukha rAnA ceTakako jainagranthoMne pahalese hI jainadharmakA zraddhAnI likhA hai| yahI rAjA bhagavAna mahAvIrake mAtula the / nAta athavA nAthavaMzameM 1-zaizavebhyastavidyAnAM, yauvane viSayaizinAm / bAdhake munivRttinAM, yogenAnte tanutyajAm // 2-bhagavAn mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha kA pariziSTa aura majjhimanikAya , bhAga 1 pR. 2 / 3-pUrva pra. pR. 98 / 4-pUrva pR. 6 /

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[15] to svayaM bhagavAna mahAvIra kA janma hI huA thA / aura bhagavAnake T mAtA-pitA evaM anya parijana pahale se hI jainadharmake zraddhAnI the| drAviDalogoM ne jaina dharmakA bahu pracAra rahA hai, yaha sarva prakaTa hai / -lAtyAyana sUtroMse yaha prakaTa hI hai ki vrAtyoMkA mukhyasthAna bihAra thA, jo jainatIrthaMkaroM ke kAryakA bhI lIlAsthala rahA hai| ataeva ina bAtoM ko dekhane se hI yaha ThIka jaMcatA hai ki vrAtyaloga jaina the, athavA jainoMkA prAcIna nAma 'vAtya' thA | ra kintu itane parase hI santoSa kara lenA ThIka nahIM hai / agAr3I yaha bAta pragaTa hai ki vedoMse vedoMke aruNamukha yati eka yajJa virodhI dalakA astitva siddha bhI jaina the / hai, jo yati kahalAte the / yahI yati 1 'aruNamukha' kahe gaye haiM arthAt inake mukhameM kA pATha nahIM thA / tathApi yaha vedoM ke yajJavidhAna ke bhI virodhI the, kyoMki isI kAraNa indrane inheM sajA dI thI / tANDiya brAhmaNa meM (14/2/5/28) yaha yUM likhI haiM: 5 'indro yabhyaH prayaccha tam astI lAvaga abhyavadataso'zuddha manyata sa etat zuddhAzuddhiyaM apazyattena azudvayava / ' at- "indrane yatiyoM ko gIdar3oM ke sammukha DAla diyA / eka durvAga ne usase kahA - ( TIkAkAra ke anusAra use brAhmaNa hatyAkA tI batAte huye ) " usane apane Apako azuddha 1- tri klainsa ina buddhisTa inDiyA pR0 82 / 2 - jarnala rAyala aiziyATika sosAiTI, babaI, No. LIII, bhAga 19

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[36] nAnA / usane 'zuddhAzuddhiye maMtra (eka khAsa zramaNa kathana) dekhA aura vaha pavitra ha'gayA / " yahI kathA isI granthameM (18 / 1 / 9) phira kahI gaI hai aura isameM ukta maMtra dekhaneke sthAnameM indrako pranApatike pAsa gayA likhA hai, jinane use ' upahavya ' diyA thA / indra aura yatiyoMkI yaha kathA aitareya brAhmaNa ( 728) aura tAndraya brAhmaNa (114 aura 13 / 6 / 17) meM bhI dI gaI hai / aitareya brAhmaNameM indra yatiyoMkA bher3iyoMke DAlane aura aru. gamukhoMke mArane Adike kAraNa somarasa pAna karanese vaMcita huA likhA hai / aura 'tanDya brAhmaNa' meM kahA gayA hai ki indrane yatiyoMko gIdar3oMke DAla diyA, para taubhI tIna-ethurazmi, bRhada. giri aura rayovana baca rahe / indrane inheM pAla posa bar3A kiyA aura yuvA honepara unheM varadAna diyA / pRthurazmine rAjyabalakI AkAMkSA kI-so 'partharasma' samanake dvArA indrane use rAnavala 1-jainoMkI deva zAstra gurUpUjAmeM jo nimna maMtra haiM, vaha zAyada isI 'zuddhAzuddhiya' maMtrake dyotaka hai, jisako TIkAkAra bhI zramaNa maMtra batalAtA hai: " apavitraH pavitro vA susthito duHsthito'pi vA / dhyAyetpaMcanamaskAraM sarvapApaiH pramucyate // 1 // apavitraH pavitro vA sarvAvasthAM gato'pi vA / yaH smaretparamAtmAnaM sa bAhyAbhyaMtare shuciH||2||" 2-yahAM indrako 'zuddhAzuddhiya' maMtra, jo jainamaMtra pratIta hotA hai, ke sthAnapara prajApatike pAsa jAte likhA so yaha bhI hamAre isa vaktavyakA * poSaka hai ki prajApati jainadharma praNetAkA sUcaka hai| atharvavedake mahAbrAtya prajApati bhI jaina aura saMbhavataH zrI RSabhadeva haiM / isase bhI prajApatikA jaina sambandha prakaTa hai|

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[ 37 ] ; diyA / bRhadUgirIne brAhmaNa gaurava pAne kI abhilASA kI, so iMdrane "bRhada giri' samanake bala use vaha gaurava diyA / aura rayovajane pazudhana cAhA, iMdrane 'rayovanIya' samanake dvArA use pazuvana bheMTa kiyA | isa granthake TIkAkAra ina yatiyoMkoM vaha vyakti batalAte haiM jo vedaviruddha niyamoM kA pAlana karate the yajJoMke virodhI the aura karmakANDake niSedhaka the| inameM aise brAhmaNa the jo 'jyotiptoma' Adi yajJa na karake anya prakAra jIvana yApana karate the / ina ullekhoM meM (1) yatiyoM ko yajJa virodhI sanyAsI likhA hai, jo yajJa maMtroM kA bhI uccAraNa nahIM karate the; (2) vaidika AryoM meM unakI prasiddhi nahIM thI aura ve indra evaM indrabhaktoM dvArA pratAr3ita huye 'the; (3) kintu jisa uddezya ke lie yaha yatI khar3e huye the, vaha eka samaya itanA prabala hogayA ki indrapUjA aura somayajJa banda ho gaye / * svayaM iMdrapara hatyAoMke pAtaka lagAe gae / ( 4 ) isa jhagar3eke anta meM yajJavAdakI vijaya huI aura indrapUjA evaM yajJoMkI punarAvRtti huI / (5) yaha yatI jaina yatiyoM ke samAna haiM; kyoMki * 'matsyapurANa' ke nimna varNanase bhI yaha bAta pramANita hotI hai ki eka samaya avazya hI jainadharmakI itanI prabalatA hogaI thI ki indrakA mAna aura vinaya jAtA rahA thA: << indra rAjya vihIna bRhaspatike pAsa apanI phariyAda lekara pahuMcA / bRhaspati gRhazAMti aura pauSTika karmadvArA indrako valiSTa banAyA / aura dharmake Azrayase usane rajiputroM ko, (jinane indrako rAjyacyuta kiyA thA) mohita kiyA ! bRhaspatine qhUba hI rajiputroMko vedatraya bhraSTa kiyA / isapara indrane una veda bAhya aura hetuvAdI rajiputroMko vajrase naSTa kara - diyA / " ( matsya pu0 AnandAzrama0 a0 24 lo0 28-48 /

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[38] TIkAkAra sAyaNa ina yAtiyoMke kapAlako 'mahA khajUraphala' ke samAna arthAt bilkula ghuTI huI batalAte haiM / jaisi ki vastutaH jaina yatiyoMkI hotI hai / hindU padmapurANa Adi granthoMmeM jaina muniyoMkA varNana karate huye unheM 'sitamuNDo' batalAyA hai / isase ahiMsAdharmake anuyAyI jainoMkA astitva uparAMtake vaidika kAlameM siddha hotA hai / isataraha bhI 'vrAtyoM' kA jaina honA prakaTa hai; kyoMki uparokta ullekhoMse usa samaya jaina yatiyoMkA honA pramANita hai / astu; jainAcAra granthoM meM cAritrake do bheda (1) aNuvrata aura (2) ___ mahAvrata kiye gaye haiM / aNuvrata gRhavratoMko pAlanekI mukhya- sthoMke lie haiM aura mahAvratoMkA pAlana tAse jainoMkA prAcIna yatigaNa karate haiN| mahAvratoMko 'agravrata' nAma vrAtya hai| athavA 'anAgAravrata' bhI kahate haiN| jainadharma prArambhase hI ajainoMko dIkSita karanekA hAmI rahA hai / Arya aura anArya saba hI usameM dIkSita kiye jAcuke haiN| gRhasthoM athavA zrAvakoMke liye gyAraha pratimAoM (dau)kA vidhAna hai aura sabase nIcI avasthAmeM kevala jainadharmakA zraddhAnI honA paryApta hai-usameM vratoM takakA abhyAsa nahIM kiyA jAtA hai isalie yaha avratadazA . kahalAtI hai| brAhmaNa anthoM meM inakA ullekha vratva dhana pAneke yogya puruSake rUpameM huA hai / inase bar3hakara vratI zrAvaka haiM yaha kucha vratoMkA pAlana karate haiN| phira zrAvaka pratimAoMmeM vizeSa 2 vratoM jaise sAmAyika, 1-vIra varSa 4 pR. 377-381 va 423-427 /

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[39] proSadhopavAsAdike anusAra uparokta zeSa bheda nirdiSTa haiM / aMtima gyArahavIM pratimAvAle cela khaNDadhArI utkRSTa zrAvaka kahalAte haiN| inake bAda yati haiM jo bilakula nagna rahate aura nirjana sthAnoMmeM jJAna dhyAnamaI jIvana vyatIta karate haiM; jaise ki prastuta pustakameM yathAsthAna batA diyA gayA hai / yUnAnI logoMne jina sAdhuoMkA ullekha 'jaimnosophisTsa' (Gymnosophists) nAmase kiyA hai, vaha yahI hai / zrAvaka ina yatiyoMko unakI AhArakI velApara AhAradAna dekara bar3A puNya saMcaya karate haiM / atharvavedameM jo gRhasthake eka vrAtyako par3agAhane aura usake phala svarUpa vividha lAbha pAnekA varNana hai vaha bilakula jaina yatiko AhAradAna denekI vidhi aura phalake vivaraNake samAna hai| jaina tIrthakara hI sarvocca yati haiM, jo mArga prabhAvanA (dharmodyota) karaneke liye advitIya haiN| ina tIrthaMkaroMkI bhakti deva devendra karate haiN| unake paMcakalyANaka karane, samavazaraNa racane AdikA varNana pAThaka prastuta pustakameM yathAsthAna pddh'eNge| ina saba bAtoMko dhyAnameM rakhanese hI hama 'vAtyoM kA yathArtha bhAva samajha sakeM aura unheM jaina hI pAyeMge; jaise ki pahale hI hama pragaTa kara cuke haiM / 'vrAtya' zabda vratoMko pAlana karaneke kAraNa nirdiSTa huA hai, yaha pahale hI kahA jAcukA hai / koSakAroMkA abhimata bhI yahI hai aura 'praznopaniSada' (2-11)ke agnike prati 'vratyastvam' ullekhase bhI yahI pragaTa hai| zaMkara isakI TIkA, kahate haiM ki 'vaha svabhAvase zuddha hai|' ( svabhAvataH eva zuddha iti abhiprAyaH) isase kevala vinayabhAvako lenA ThIka nahIM, balki isase yaha bhI pragaTa hai ki vrAtya logoMmeM brAhmaNa, kSatrI, vaizya

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[40] dvijoMke atirikta anya anArya loga bhI saMmilita haiM / jaise ki jainoMmeM vastutaH the / manune brAhmaNa, kSatrI, vaizya ina tIna tarahake brAtyoMkA ullekha kiyA hI hai / aba jaba ki brAtyamatakA uddezya cedoM ke viruddha bahu pracAra karanekA thA to yaha nitAnta Avazyaka hai ki ve aisI bhASAmeM apane siddhAntoMko pragaTa karate jo sarala aura janapriya hotii| sacamuca vrAtyoMkI bhASA jainoMkI prAkRta bhASAke samAna hI thI kyoMki unake viSayameM kahA gayA hai ki'jo bolanemeM sugama hai usako ve kaThina batalAte haiN|' (adhuruktam vAkyam duruktam AhuH) isa ullekhase sApha jAhira hai ki ve saMskRta nahIM bolate the / ataeva isa sAJjamasyase bhI 'vrAtyoM' kA jaina honA siddha hai / madhyakAlameM bhI jaina loga 'vratI' ( Verteis) nAmase paricita the / * . brAhmaNa graMthoMmeM vrAtyoMkA ullekha 'garagira' rUpameM bhI huA hai; jisakA artha sAyaNa una logoMse karatA 'garagira' zabda bhI hai jo viSa bhakSaNa karate the / brAhmaNake vrAtyoMko jaina mUla zlokake sAtha yaha vyAkhyA vAkya sUcaka hai| bhI hai ki "brahmadayaM janyaM annuma adNti|" sAyaNa isake artha karatA hai ki "ve brAhmaNoM ke liye khAsa taurase banAye gaye bhojanako khAte haiN|" lAtyAyana sUtroMke TIkAkAra agnisvAmI likhate haiM ki "garagira va ete e brahmA janmamaMtram adaMti / " sacamuca yahAM kucha gar3abar3a ____* sUrIzvara aura samrAT, pR. 398-399 aura Diskripazana oNpha eziyA pR0 115 va 213 /

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[41 'ghoTAlA hai| 'garagira' kA artha viSabhakSaka athavA viSAktabhASIke ho sakte haiM / donoM hI taraha yaha zabda upahAsa sUcaka hai / sAyaNake artha isa AdhArapara avalaMvita haiM ki Agantuka rUpameM vrAtya vaha bhojana bhI grahaNa kara lete haiM jo brAhmaNoM ke liye banA ho; arthAt unakI dRSTise jisako (AhAradAnako) grahaNa karanekA adhikAra kevala brAhmaNoM hIko thA, isa dazAmeM vrAtyoMdvArA apane isa adhikArakA apaharaNa hotA dekhakara brAhmaNoMne uparokta zabdakA vyavahAra unake lie bhartsanAmaya AkSepameM kiyA hai aura yadi ukta zabdakA artha agnisvAmIke anusAra mAnA jAya to usake artha "viSAkta bhASI" ke hoMge, kyoMki ve (vrAtya) usa maMtrakA uccAraNa nahIM kareMge jisake prArambhameM 'brahma' zabda hogaa| isase pragaTa hai ki vrAtya brahmavAdiyoMke virodhI the aura ve vaidika maMtroMkA uccAraNa nahIM karate the| yaha dUsare artha hI samucita pratIta hote haiM kyoMki 'jina' yA 'arhanta' ko nirdiSTa karanemeM isakA bahu vyavahAra huA milatA hai| jinasenAcArya apane 'jina sahasranAma meM nimnazabdoMkA ullekha karate haiM:-"grAmapatiH, divyabhASApatiH, vAgmIH, vAcaspatiH, vAgIzvaraH, niruktavAk, pravaktavacasAmIsaH, maMtravita, maMtrakRta ityAdi / " ina ullekhoMse eka anya prakArake maMtroMkA honA spaSTa hai, jinakA sambaMdha vaidika maMtroMse sivAya viparItatAke aura kucha na thaa| sacamuca tIrthakaroMke dvArA nirdiSTa hue maMtroMkA hI prayoga 'vrAtyoM' (jainoM) dvArA honA upayukta hai; jo unake liye utane hI pramANIka the jitane ki vaidika maMtra vedAnuyAyiyoMke lie the / ataeva unakA vedamaMtroMko uccAraNa na karanA yuktiyukta aura susaMgata hai aura isa dazAmeM

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[12] unakA ullekha pratipakSiyoM dvArA 'garagira' rUpameM honA bhI ThIka hai| isa vivecanakA sambaMdha 'aruNamukha' zabdase bhI ThIka baiThatA hai| jisakA prayoga una yatiyoMke liye huA thA jo jaina the, jaise pahale kahA jAcukA hai / isa kathanakA samarthana ina zabdoMse bhI hotA hai jo jaina bhAvako pragaTa karate haiM; yathAH-RSabha, Adijina, mahAvatapatiH, mahAyatiH, mahAvrataH, yatIndraH, DhavrataH, yatiH, atIndraH, indrAcaryaH Adi / inase kevala yatiyoM aura vratiyoMkA astitva hI jaina zAstroMmeM pragaTa nahIM hotA, balki inase yaha bhI pragaTa hai ki isa dharmake prabhAvake sAmane indra sampradAya-vaidika matakA hrAsa huA thA / ' adanDayam danDeNa anantazcaraMti ' arthAt 've usako daNDa dekara rahate jisako daNDa nahIM denA caahiye|' isa ullekhase pragaTa hai ki vratI puruSa jahAM rahate haiM vahAM indra-yajJoMke viruddha AjJAyeM nikAlate haiM, kyoMki usameM hiMsA hotI hai| aitareya brAhmaNa evaM anya vaidika sAhityameM aise bahutase ullekha haiM jinameM vividha rAjAoM dvArA unake rAjyoMmeM yajJoMke karane denekA niSedha maujUda hai / satapatha brAhmaNa aura vajasaneya saMhitAse bhI yahI pragaTa hai jinameM kauzala-videha dezake pUrvI AryoMko mithyA dharmAnuyAyI aura vaidika yajJoMkA virodhI likhA hai aura yahAM jainadharmakA bahu pracAra prAcInakAlase thaa| vrAtyoMke khAsa vastra, pagar3I, ratha Adi jo kahe gaye haiM; vaha eka sAdhAraNa aura sthAnIya varNana hai pagar3I, ratha, jyahAda aura unakA sambaMdha kevala grahastha evaM Adi zabdoMkI gRhapati vrAtyoM (jainoM )se hai| kintu

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[ 43] vivecanA | "" 'dhanuSa' (jyoda) kucha vizeSa artha rakhatA hai / ' TIkAkArane use ' ayogyaM dhanuSa likhA hai / bahudhA vaha dhanuSa pratyaMcA rahita athavA numAizI dhanuSa batAyA gayA hai / isase kyA matalaba saghatA thA, yaha kahA nahIM. gayA hai to bhI yaha ThIka hai ki dhanuSa zastra rUpameM kSatriyoM kA eka mukhya cinha hai, parantu aise nikamme dhanuSako vaha kyoM rakhate the ? isase yahI bhAva samajha par3atA hai ki vaha ina ahiMsA dharmAnuyAyI. kSatrI puruSoMke liye kevala unake kSatriyatvakA bodhaka eka cinha mAtra thA / yaha to spaSTa hI hai ki unake guruoMne unase ahiMsAvrata grahaNa karAyA hogA, usa samaya unake liye apane jAtIya karmako tyAga kara brahmacArI hojAnA aura khAlI hAthoM rahanA jarUra akharA hogA / jisa taraha Ajakala sikha loga kevala numAyazI DhaMgapara 'kirapAna' ko rakhate haiM, usI taraha vaha kSatrI bhI jo ahiMsAvratadhArI the, apane hAthameM apanA kulacinha 'dhanuSa' pratyaMcA rahita 81 1 - yaha dhyAna rahe ki vrAtya zabda zrAvaka aura sAdhu donoMkA sUcaka usI taraha hai, jaise bauddhakAla meM 'nirgrantha', madhyakAlameM "Arhata" aura Aja - kala jaina " zabda haiM / tisapara pagar3I, ratha, dhanuSa, eka lAla kapar3A pahananekA ullekha gRhapatike sambandhameM huA hai / (J. R. A. S. 1921) isa kAraNa ina vastuoMkA sambandha kevala 'hIna vrAtyoM' ( zrAvakoM ) se stramajhanA cAhiye | 'jyeSTha vrAtya' (sAdhu) to bilakula digambara hI pragaTa: kiye gaye haiM / jaise ki hamane bhI bhagavAn pArzvanAtha evaM unake pUrvake tIrthakaroko nagna veSadhArI pragaTa kiyA hai / sambhava hai ki ayogya dhanu-Sako unake hAthameM batalAnA upahAsa sUcaka ho / jaise Ajakala koI loga ahiMsA dharmako rAjanItikA virodhI batalAte haiM /

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[4 ] rakhate the / yaha uparollikhita praoN0 sA0 kA anumAna hai / isake atirikta hIna, jyeSTha, gRhapati, anucanaH, sthivaraH, samanicamedraH, niMditaH Adi zabda jo vrAtyoMke sambandhameM vyavahRta huye haiM; inakA bhI khulAsA kara denA Avazyaka hai / hIna aura jyeSThase to bhAva saMbhavataH aNuvratoM aura mahAvratoMse hogA aura gRhapati gRhastha zrAvakoMkA AcArya yA netA hotA hai / ise vizeSa dhanavAna aura vidvAn batAyA hai / isa zabdakA prayoga jaina zAstroM, jaise zve0 uvAsgadazAoMmeM huA milatA hai / bAkIke tIna zabdoMkA vyavahAra jyeSTha vrAtyoMke prati huA hai / inakA artha lagAne meM saba hI TIkAkAra bhrAMtise baca na sake haiM, yaha bAta praoN0 cakravartI sA0 batalAte haiN| vaha agAr3I kahate haiM ki 'anucanaH' kA artha to ho TIkA kAroMne ThIka lagAyA hai, jisakA matalaba jyeSTha vrAtya digambara eka dharmazAstra jJAtA vidvAnse hai| sthajaina muni the| vira zabda bhI sApha hai jisake artha guruse haiM aura isakA vyavahAra jainazAstroMmeM khUba huA milatA hai / jaina guruoMkI ziSya paramparA 'sthivirAvalI' nAmase prakhyAta hai / jina sahasranAmameM bhI isakA prayoga huA milatA hai| kintu vaidika TIkAkAroMne ise bhI nahIM samajha pAyA hai, kyoMki yaha samanicamedra zabdake sAtha prayojita huA hai| isa zabdakA zabdArtha 'puruSaliMgase rahita' honekA hai / TIkAkAra bhI yahI kahate haiM; yathAH-"apetaprajananAH / " bhalA vrAtyoMke liye aisA ghRNita vaktavya kyoM ghoSita kiyA gayA ? sAmAnyataH jo puruSa sAmAjika rItike anusAra savastra hogA, to sacamuca usake prati

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[45] koI bhI aise zabdoMkA prayoga nahIM kara saktA hai| isalie inaka zabdoMke prayogase usa puruSakA bhAva nikalatA hai jisane sampUrNa sAMsArika sambaMdhoMko tyAga diyA ho, jo grahastha na ho aura yatiH jIvanako pahuMca kara digambara sAdhu hogayA ho| 'sama' zabdake agraprayogase lakSita hai ki vaha kAmavAsanAse rahita hai / ataeva yaha varNana ThIka hai aura vaha vrAtyoM athavA vratIyoMmeM jyeSTha ( muni )ke padake liye Avazyaka hai / sAyaNa isa zabdakI vyAkhyA karate huye 'samanicamedroM' kI eka prAcIna sampradAyakA ullekha karate haiM, jo 'deva sambaMdhinaH' the aura jinake liye eka khAsa vrAtyaratotra racA gayA thaa| isase pragaTa hai ki yaha prAcIna saMpradAya thI aura zuddha bhI thii| zeSa 'niMditaH' zabdakA vyavahAra vrAtyoMmeM sarva nimnabhedakA dyotaka hai / yaha pahale hI kahA jAcukA hai ki vrAtyoM (nainoM )meM ahAnI puruSa sabase nIcI avasthAmeM hote haiM aura unameM anArya loga bhI dIkSita kara liye jAte haiN| sacamuca avatI zrAvakoMmeM aise saba hI tarahake zraddhAnI loga saMmilita hote haiN| jainazAstroMmeM isake aneka udAharaNa milate haiM / samAjase bahiSkRta aura pAtakI puruSa bhI pazcAttApa karane aura Atmonnatike bhAva pragaTa karanepara jainAcAryoM dvArA dharma mArgapara lagA liye jAte haiM / ataeva 'niMditaH' zabdase aise puruSoMko bhI vrAtyoM (vaidika kAlake jainoM meM nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai| kyoMki ve vratI puruSoMke saMsargameM rahate the aura usa samaya saba prakArake jainoMke liye yahI zabda (vAtya) vyavahRta hotA thaa| inhIM niMdita puruSoMke . kAraNa brAtya zabdake oche bhAva bhI vaidika zAstroMmeM pragaTa kiye gaye milate haiN|

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[ 16 ] ere 'atharvaveda' meM jo vrAtya ullekha haiM unako le lIjiye / yaha to vidita hI hai ki 'bahuta aseM atharvaveda aura jainadharma | taka atharvaveda veda hI nahIM mAnA jAtA rahA hai| isakI veda rUpameM mAnyatA vaidikamatake mela milApa aura pArasparika aikya bhAvakI dyotaka hai| sacamuca isameM usa samayakA jikra hai ki jaba Arya loga sAmAjika mahattA ko DhIlI karake drAvir3a sAhitya aura sabhyatAkI ora udAratA se paga bar3hA rahe the / aise samaya svabhAvataH AryoMke vividha matoM meM paraspara aikya aura melamilApake bhAva jAgRta honA cAhiye the / tisapara vrAtyoMke bar3hate prabhAvako dekhakara aisA honA jarUrI thA / 'atharvaveda' aMgarisa nAmaka RSikI racanA batAI jAtI hai aura 'jainoMke 'paumacariya' meM ina aMgarisakA jaina munipadase bhraSTa hokara apane matakA pracAra karanA likhA hai / isa dazA meM atharvaveda meM jainadha ke sambaMdha meM jo bahuta kucha bAteM milatI haiM vaha kucha anokhI nahIM haiN| atharvaveda 15 veM skandhameM yahI bhAva pradarzita haiN| vahAM eka mahAvrAtyakI gaurava garimAkA bakhAna kiyA gayA hai| yaha mahAvrAtya veda lekhakakI dRSTimeM kisI khAsa sthAnakA koI kSatriya vrAtya thA | vrAtya (jaina) dharmakI pradhAnatA ke samaya samAjameM kSatriyoMkA Asana U~cA honA svAbhAvika hai aura sacamuca IsAse pUrva chaThI, sAtavIM zatAbdiyoM balki isase bhI pahale se kSatriyoMkI pradhAnatAke cinha usa samaya bhArata meM milate the / usa samayakA pradhAna dharma, kSatriyadharma (jainadharma ) thA; parantu isake artha yaha bhI nahIM haiM ki usameM brAhmaNoMke liye koI sthAna hI na thA / pratyuta bhagavAn

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[ 47 ] - mahAvIrajI ke pradhAna aura pramukha gaNadhara gautamakhAmI brAhmaNa hI the / upaniSadoM meM jo varNana hai usase bhI pragaTa hotA hai ki kAzI, kauzala, videhake brAhmaNoMne kSatriyoMkI pradhAnatAko svIkAra kara liyA thA / imI pradhAna bhAvake kAraNa vrAtyoMmeM mukhya kSatriya sAdhukA guNagAna karanA prAkRta susaMgata hogayA thA / atharvaveda ke 15 veM skandhameM jisa mahAvAtyakA guNAnuvAda varNita hai, vaha sivAya vRSabha yA RSabhadevake aura nahIM haiM / usameM jo varNana hai vaha jainAcArya jinasena ke AdipurANameM varNita zrI RSabhadevake cAritra ke samAna hI hai / avazya hI AdipurANa atharvaveda se uparAMta kAlakI racanA hai, para usakA AdhAra bahu prAcIna hai / atharvaveda meM pahale hI mahAvrAtya prajApatikA apaneko svarNamaya dekhate likhA hai / vaha 'ekam mahat jyeSThaM brahma tapaH satyam' yA 'de hogaye / unakI samAnatA vahAM Izama aura mahAdevase bhI kI hai| jina sahasranAmameM bhI vRSabhadeva ke aise hI nAma ; prajApati, mahAdeva, maheza, mahendravandapa, kanakaprabha, ma taptacAmikaracchaviH, niSTAptakanakacchAyAH, hiNyavarNa, svaNAmAH, gatakumbhanivaprabhAH / atharvavedake isa prArambhase hI milate haiM svarNavarNa. atharvaveda ke mahAvrAtya zrI RSabhadeva the / 1 - yAM bhI prajApatiko eka mahAtrAtya arthAt di0 jaina sAdhu batalAyA hai, jo sambhavataH zrI RSabhadeva hI the / ataeva isa ullekha se bhI prajApati parameSThinkI vaidika RcAoM meM hamArA jaina sambandha pragaTa karanA ThIka hai|

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[48] hameM vRSabhadevake darzana honAte haiM, jo vratoMko sarva prathama pragaTa karanevAle the, sarva prathama tapazcaraNakA abhyAsa aura satya kA upadeza denevAle the aura jinhoMkI vaMdanA devadevendroMne kI thii| jaina dRSTi se "tapazcaraNakI mukhyatA kAyotsarga Asana dvArA sardI garmI evaM anya kaThinAiyoMko sahate huye dhyAnamagna sthita rahanemeM svIkRta hai| vRSabhadeva isI AsanameM tapasyAlIna rahe the| aneka jaina maMdiroMmeM Aja bhI unakI mUrti kAyotsarga rUpameM milatI hai / tIrthakara bhagavAnake lie deva nirmita samavazaraNakA nika bhI pahale hocukA hai| atharvavedameM agAr3I tIsare prapatakameM vRSabhadevakI isa jIvana ghaTanA arthAt kAyotsarga tapasyA karane aura phira kevalI ho devoM dvArA race gaye samozaraNameM baiThane kA bhI ullekha hai| usameM likhA hai ki "vaha eka varSa taka sIdhe khar3e rahe; devoMne unase kahA, "vrAtya, aba Apa kyoM khar3e haiM ?"....unane uttarameM kahA, "unako mere liye eka Asana lAne do|" usa vrAtyake liye ve Asana lAye; usa Asanapara vrAtya ArUr3ha hogae / unake devagaNa sevaka the| ityAdi isa vrAtyake sambaMdha bhI pagar3I, dhanuSa aura rathakA ullekha hai| isase kevala mahAvrAtya prabhuko eka kSatriyavrAtya pragaTa karanekA hI bhAva hai / isIlie kSatrI vrAtyoMke sAdhAraNa jIvana kriyAoMpagar3I AdikA ullekha cinha rUpa meM kara diyA hai| ina mahAvrAtyake sambaMdhameM alaukika bAtoMkA bhI ullekha hai| sArAMzataH ina mahApurumako gauravaviziSTa aura vaidika devatAoMse bhI uccatama pragaTa kiyA gayA hai| kitane hI baidika devatA inake sevaka batAye gaye haiN| yaha mahAvrAtya sarva dizAoM meM vicarate aura unake pIche devoMko jAte

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[49] evaM dikapAloMko unakA sevaka hote bhI batAyA gayA hai| yaha saba kathana eka jaina tIrthakarake jIvana kathanake bilkula hI samAna hai; jinakI bhakti aura sevA deva-devendra karate haiM / unake samozaraNake sAtha aneka deva rahate aura dikpAla vividha rItise sevA kArya karate haiM / dazaveM paryayameM vrAtyake rAjAoM aura gRhasthoMke pAsa jAne aura bhikSA pAne tathA grahastha unako kaise par3agAveM isa sabakA ullekha hai / yaha jaina yatiyoM aura tIrthaMkaroMke sambandhameM ThIka hai; parantu tIrthaMkaroM aura sAmAnya kevaliyoMke liye kevalI pada pAneke bAda yaha bAteM saMbhavita nahIM hotii| atharvavedameM kisI niyamita rUpameM yaha kathana nahIM hai balki sAmAnya rItise apanI ra vedhAnusAra usakA lekhaka ina saba bAtoMko nirdiSTa karatA mAlUma hotA hai / vrAtyako AhAradAna deneke phalarUpa puNya aura sampattiko pAnA bhI batalAyA gayA hai aura yaha bhI jaina dRSTike anukUla hai / ina saba bAtoMke dekhanese yaha bilkula spaSTa hai ki atharvaveda meM jina mahAvrAtyakA varNana hai vaha koI jaina tIrthaMkara haiM aura bahuta karake vaha svayaM bhagavAna RSabhadevanI hI haiN| aMgarisane unakA citraNa isa DhaMgase kiyA hai ki vaha vaidika devatA pragaTa hone lageM / isa prakArake citraNase usakA bar3A lAbha yaha thA ki vaha jainadharmake mahattvako kama kara sakA thaa| musalamAnoMke prakarSake samaya hindU matameM mUrtipUjAkA khaMDana isI kAraNa huA thA ki musalamAnoMkA prabhAva hinduoMpara na pdd'e| isa prakAra isa kathanase aba yaha bilkula pramANita hai ki jainadharma vaidika kAlameM maujUda thA, jaise

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[10] prAcInatA prakaTa karanekI hama pUrva pRSThoMmeM bhI batalA Aye haiM aura aavshyktaa| vaha usa samaya "vrAtya" nAmase paricita thaa| siMdha prAntake mohana joDero nAmaka sthAnase jo gata varSoM meM I0 pUrva karIba tIna cAra hajAra varSoM kI cIjeM milI haiM, ve bhAratIya asura sabhyatAkI dyotaka mAnI gaI haiN| unameM aisI mudrAyeM bhI milI haiM, jinapara padmAsana mUrti aMkita hai| vidvAna ina sikkoMko bauddha anumAna karate haiM; kintu jaba bauddhadharmakI utpatti I0 pUrva chaThI zatAbdimeM mAnI jAtI aura bauddhoMmeM mUrti prathA IsvIsanke prArambhika kAla meM pracalita huI kahI jatI hai, taba ukta mudrA bauddha na hokara jaina honA cAhiye / usakA jaina honA anyathA bhI saMbhavita hai / 'viSNupurANa' se yaha spaSTa hI hai ki asura logoM meM jainadharma kA pracAra hogayA thaa| aura udhara jaina zAstroMse kalataka sindha prAntameM kaI eka tIrtha honekA varNana milatA hai; jinakA Aja patA taka nahIM hai| astu; ukta mudrAkA jaina honA bhI jainadharmake prAcIna astitvakA samarthaka hai| ataeva bhagavAna pArzvanAthako jainadharmakA 'saMsthApaka mAnanA nitAnta bhrAMtipUrNa hai; kintu saMbhava hai ki yahAMpara koI pAThaka mahodaya jainadharmakI prAcInatAko pragaTa karanevAle, hamAre aba takake kathanako anAvazyaka khayAla kareM aura vaha kaheM ki kisI dharmakI prAcInatA usakI acchAImeM kAraNabhUta nahIM hosaktI ! vezaka unakA kahanA kisI hada taka ThIka hai parantu hamAre ukta prayAsako anAvazyaka batAnA hamAre prati to anyAya hI hai; parantu sAtha hI usake likhe jAneke uddezyase anabhijJatAkA dyotaka bhI hai|

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[ 51 AvazyaktA hI AviSkArakI jananI mAnI gaI hai| jainadharma saM vidvAnoMke ayathArtha ullekhoMne hI hameM bAdhya kiyA hai ki hana jainadharmakI prAcInatAko spaSTa karadeM / sAhitya ke liye yaha gauravakI bAta hai ki vaha nitAnta svaccha, nirbhrAnta aura yathArtha ho / isa hetu sAhitya hitake nAte bhI hamArA yaha prayAsa anAvazyaka nahIM hai / tisapara jainadharmakI yaha bahu prAcInatA usake mahatvako bar3hAnevAlI hI hai| bezaka usake siddhAMta aura AcAra vicAra usakI 1 khUbI pragaTa karate hI haiM, parantu vaha AryoMkA sarva prAcInamata hai, yaha bhI usake liye kucha kama gaurava yA mahatvakI bAta nahIM hai / astu; rAjA vizvasena | aba yaha bilakula spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn pArzvanAthanI na to jainadharma ke saMsthApaka the aura na ve koI kAlpanika puruSa the / pratyuta ve IsA pUrva AThavIM zatAbdimeM huye eka aitihAsika mahApuruSa the / isa avasthAmeM ina anupama mahApuruSake gauravamaya jIvanacaritrakA digdarzana kara lenA samucita aura Avazyaka hai / yaha hama pahale hI batalA cuke haiM ki ina anupama tIrthaMkarakA jIvana vRttAMta jaina granthoMmeM milatA hai aura yaha kSatriya rAjakumAra the / prastuta pustakako par3hane se pAThakoM ko svayaM mAlUma hojAyagA ki ve ikSvAkuvaMzI kAzyapa gotrI rAjA vizvasena athavA azvasena aura unakI rAnI brahmAdevIke suputra the aura unakA janma banArasa meM huA thA / brAhmaNa granthoM meM uparokta nAmakA koI rAjA nahIM milatA hai / hAM, azvasena nAmaka eka nAgavaMzI rAjA kA patA brAhmaNa sAhitya meM

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[12] . calatA hai| parantu use banArasake uparokta rAjA azvasena svIkAra kara lenA jarA kaThina hai kyoMki vaha nAgavaMzI haiN| itanepara bhI jaina zAstroMmeM rAjA azvasenako ugravaMzI batalAnA isa bAtako sambhava kara detA hai ki vaha nAgavaMzI hoM, kyoMki prastuta pustakameM yathAsthAna batA diyA gayA hai ki 'ugra' kA sambandha 'nAgoM'kI 'ukha' nAmaka jAtise pragaTa hotA hai / jo ho, brAhmaNa granthoMke atirikta bauddhagranthoMse bhI isI nAmake samAna eka rAjAkA patA calatA hai| dIghanikAyake pariziSTameM sAta rAjAjoMkA nAmollekha hai aura unheM 'bharata' kahA gayA hai / isase yaha to spaSTa hI hai ki vaha ayodhyAke rAjA bharatake vaMzaja arthAta ikSvAkvaMzI the / ina rAjAoMmeM eka vastabhU (vizvabhU) nAmaka bhI hai / isa nAmakI sAdRzyatA vizvasena hai ! kintu yaha nahIM batAyA gayA hai ki vaha kahAMke rAjA the ataeva saMbhava hai ki yaha banArasake rAnA vizvasena hoN| sArAM. zataH bhagavAna pArzvanAtha aura unake pitAkA astitva bhAratIya sAhitya meM milatA hai| bhagavAna pArzvanAthake jIvana sambandhameM race gae sAhityapara yadi hama dRSTi DAleM, to hameM kahanA bhagavAna pArzvanAthajI hogA ki vaha Anakala bhAratetara sAsaMbaMdhI sAhitya / hityameM bhI upalabdha haiN| amerikAke bAlTImora vizvavidyAlayake saMskRta prophesara zrI mArisa blUmaphIlDane zrI bhAvadevasuri kRta 'pArzvacarita'kA 1-kaibrija hisTrI oNpha inDiyA bhAga 1 pR. 154 / 2-pUrva pustaka pR0 174 /

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[63 ] aMgrejI anuvAda apanI vistRta bhUmikA aura TippaNiyoM sahita prakaTa kiyA hai / yaha " Life and Stories of Jaina Saviour Parshvanatha " nAmase sarvatra pracalita hai / dUsarA ullekhanIya grantha jarmana bhASAmeM " Der Jainismus'' nAmaka hai / isake racayitA baralina vizvavidyAlayake prakhyAta vidvAn prA. DA0 helmutha vaoNna glAsenAppa haiN| Apane jainadharmakA paricaya likhate huye, bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke jIvanapara bhI prakAza DAlA hai / inake atirikta videzoMmeM prakaTa huI jainadharma sambaMdhI pustakoMmeM inakA ullekha sAmAnya rUpase bhale hI ho, para vizeSa rUpase nahIM hai| idhara bhAratIya sAhityameM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha nIke sambandhameM digambara aura zvetAMbara jainoMke sAhitya grantha haiM / zvetAmbara jaina apane kalpasUtra Adi granthoMko mauryakAlIna zrI bhadrabAhu svAmIkI yathAvata racanA mAnate haiM, parantu yaha ThIka nahIM jaMcatA / pratyuta yaha kahanA par3egA ki yaha kSamAzramaNake samaya yA unase kucha pahalekI racanAyeM haiM; jaba ki yaha lipibaddha huI thiiN| astu; abataka hamAre jJAnameM isa viSayake nimna grantha Aye haiM:-- . digambara sampradAyake grantha / / 1. prathamAnuyoga-5000 madhyama pada ( ardhamAgadhI) mahAvIrasvAmI dvArA pratipAdita ( aprApya ) / 2. pArdhanAthacarita-zrI vAdirAjasUri praNIta (869 I.) yaha mANikacandra granthamAlAmeM mUla saMskRta aura jaina si0pra0 saMsthA kalakattA dvArA hindI anuvAda sahita prakaTa ho cukA hai| 3. pArzvanAthapurANa-zrIsakalakIrti AcAryakRta (saM0 1495)

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[ 54 ] mUla saMskRta aura hindI TIkA sa0 / mudrita aprApya hai / prasiddha jaina bhaMDAroMmeM i0 li0 milatA hai / 4. pArzvanAthapurANa - (mUla saM0) bha0 candrakIrti prathita (saM0 1654) ailaka pannAlAla sarasvatI bhavana baMbaI aura jaina maMdira f iTAvA AdimeM prApta hai / 5. pArzvAbhyudaya kAvya - zrI jinasenAcArya (658 - 672 I0) mUla aura saMskRta TIkA sahita baMbaIse mudrita hocukA hai / 6. uttarapurANa - zrI guNabhadrAcArya ( 742 I0) mUla saMskRta aura hindI anuvAda sahita indaura se prakaTa hocukA hai / 7. pArzvapurANa - (saM0) vAdicaMdra praNIta ailaka pannAlAla sarasvatI bhavanakI caturtha vArSika riporTake Ta0 9 ( granthasUcI ) para isakA ullekha hai / (saM0 1683) 8. uttarapurANa - prAkRta (apabhraMza) meM zrI puSpadaMta kavidvArA praNIta (965 I0) / 9. pArzvapurANa - prA0 ( apabhraMza) padmakIrti viracita / samaya ajJAta | isakI eka prati saM0 1473 phAlguNa vadI 9 buddhavAkI lipi kI huI kAra Ake bhaMDAra meM hai / 10. pArzvanAthapurANa - chaMdobaddha hindI - kavivara bhUdharadAsajI kRta / (saM0 1789) baMbaI se mudrita huA hai / 11. uttarapurANa - chaMdobaddha hindI kavi khuzAlacaMdakRta / ( saM0 1799 ) / 12. pArzvajIvana kavitta - (hindI) alIgaMja (eTA) ke jaina maMdirake eka guTakA meM apUrNa likhe hue haiN|

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[99] 13. bhagavAna pArzvanAtha - hiMdImeM mAsTara choTelAla dvArA anuvAdita (mudrita ) / 14. harivaMzapurANa - (hindI) jinasenAcArya ke mUla granthakA hiMdI anuvAda kalakattekI jaina saMsthA dvArA pragaTa huA hai / isameM bhI anya tIrthaMkaroMke sAtha pArzvacarita likhA huA hai / / 15. pArzvanAthapurANa - kanar3I meM pArzva paMDita grathita (1201 I0) Arake jaina siddhAMta bhavanakI granthasUcI meM bhI eka kanar3I pArzvapurANakA ullekha hai / mAlUma nahIM ki vaha yahI purANa hai / 16. pArzvanirvANa kAvya - (saM0) vAdirAja kavi praNIta aura cArukIrti kRta TIkA / ( dekho di0 jaina granthakartA aura unake granthaSTa0 9 aura 25 ) / 17. ciMtAmaNi pArzvanAthakalpa - (saM0) dharmaghoSakRta (uparokta grantha 80 13) / 18. pArzvanAtha bhagavAna - baMgalA bhASA meM zrIyuta harisatya bhaTTAcArya ema0 e0 dvArA 'jinavANI' patrikAmeM prakAzita / 19. tIrthaMkara caritre - (marAThI) tAtyA neminAtha pAMgalakRta / 20. nAgeMdra kathA - puNyAznava kathAkoSa - ba0 nemidatta viraciMta (saM0 ) / 21. cAmuNDarAyapurANa - zrI cAmuNDarAyakRta (10 zatAbdi ) 22. lArDa pArzvanAtha - aMgrejI meM mi0 harisatya bhaTTAcArya kRta / 'jaina mitramaMDala, billI' dvArA prakAzita / zvetAmbara sampradAyake granthaH- 1. kalpasUtra - zrIbhadrabAhu praNIta (ardhamAgadhI) (S. B. E.) 1

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[ 56 ] 2. pArzvanAtha caritra - ( saM0) zrI udayavIra gaNi (saM0 1502) 3. pArzvanAthacaritra - ( saM 0 ) zrI mANikyacaMdra (saM0 1276) 4. pArzvanAtha kAvya - (saM0) zrIpadmasundarakRta / 5. pArzvanAtha caritra - (saM0) zrIbhAvadevasUri | 6. zatruJjayamAhAtmya - (saM0) ke pahaleke 97 zlokoMmeM / 7. uttarAdhyayana sUtra vRtti - (saM0) zrIlakSmIvallabhakRta / 8. pArzvanAthacaritra - (prA0 ) devabhadrasUri (saM0 1168) - bIkAnera grantha sUcI (G. O. S) pR0 47 | 9. caturviMzati jinacaritam - ( saM 0 ) amaracaMdrasUri (pUrva 0 40 69 ) 10. magasIpArzvanAtha - mAnavijayakRta ( ai0 pa0 sa0 bhavana, bambaI ) / 11. triSaSTizalAkA puruSa caritra - zrIhemacaMdrAcAryakRta | ina granthoMke atirikta donoM saMpradAyoM meM bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke sambaMdha meM aneka stotra aura pUjA grantha bhI pracalita haiM / inameM se digambara saMpradAya ke vizeSa ullekhanIya stotra aura pUjA grantha nimnaprakAra haiM: 1. kalyANamaMdirastotra - zrI kumudacaMdrakRta / 2. pArzvanAthastotraM - padmaprabhadeva viracitaM / 3. ciMtAmaNipArzvanAthastotra - prAkRta bhASAmeM / 4. pArzvanAthastotra saTIka - padmanaMdIkRta | 5. pArzvanAtha stotra - ( saM 0 ) vidyAnandIsvAmIkRta | 6. pArzvanAtha aSTaka - ArAke siddhAMta bhavanakI sUcI meM hai / 7. pArzva pUjA - zrIvRndAvanajI, manaraMgalAlajI prabhRtikRta (hiMdI)

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[17] 8. kalikuNDa pArzvanAthapUjA-saMskRtameM haiN| 9. pArzvayajJa-dezabhakta paM0 arjunalAlanI seThI praNIt / zvetAMbara saMpradAyake katipaya stotra nimnaprakAra haiM, kintu unake koI pUnA grantha haiM yaha vidita nahIM hai: 1. gaur3I pArzvanAtha stavana-(saM0) ai0 50 di jaina bhavana -sUcI varSa 1 40 79 / 2. pArzvanAthastotraM-(saM0) pUrva0 varSa 2 Ta0 57. 3. pArzvastotram-(prA.) jaisalamerakI sUcI 0 65 / . uparokta granthoM ke atirikta alIgaMja (eTA)ke zrIzAMtinAtha 'di0 jaina maMdirake bhaNDArameM eka guTakA saM0 1608 bhAdra vadI 13kA likhA huA maujUda hai| usameM bhagavAna pArzvanAthake viSayameM nimnaprakAra 62 bAteM kahIM gaI haiM: zrI pArzvanAtha jina 62 sthAna kathayatiH 1. zrI pArzvanAtha nAma, 2. prANata vimAnAt, 3. nagarI vANArasI, 4. pitA azvasena rAjA, 5. mAtA vAmmAdevI, 6. garbha vaisAkha vadI 2, 7. janma pauSa vadI 11, 8. nakSatra vizAkhA, 9. zarIra haritavarNa, 10. uccatta hasta 9, 11. Ava variSa 100, 12. kumArakAla 30, 13. raajykaal||0, 14. adhika puurvaag|0, 15. tapa pauSa vadI 11, 16. tapakAla variSa 70, 17. hIna puurvaag||0, 18. chadmastha mAsa 4, 19. kevala caitra vadI 4, 20. kevala belA pUrvAnhe, 21. kevalakAla pUrvANi, 22. puurvaagaani||0, 23. variSa 69, 24. mAsa 8, 25. din||0, 26. samavazaraNa jo0 1, 27. gaNadhara 10, 28. sarvasaMgha 16000, 29.

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[5 ] pUrvadhara 350, 30. siSya 10900 31. avadhijJAnI 144, 32. kevalajJAnI 1000, 33. manaHparyaya jJAnI 750, 34.. vaikriyaka 1000, 35. vAdin 600, 36. ugravaMza, 37.. rAnA sahatapa, 300, 38. rAnA sahamokSa 36, 39. siddhaSetra sammedagiri, 40. lAMchana dharaNendra, 41. jinAMtara varSa 250, 42. hIna // 0, 43. anubaMdhakevalI 3, 44, saMtatakevalI // 3, 45. arjikA 38000, 46. zrAvaka 100000, 47. zrAvikA 300000, 48. jatIsiddhagati 6200, 49. anuttaragata 8800, 50. saudharma anuttaragata 1000, 51. vRkSanAma dhavalasara, 52. vRkSaucca dha0 108, 53. pAraNAdina 3 pASa, 54. nagarI dvArAvahapurI, 55. dAnapati dhanadattu, 56. caru goSIraM, 57. ratnavRSTi 58. jakSa dharaNeMdra, 59. jakSaNI padmAvatI, 60. mokSa zrAvaNa zu0 7, 61. mokSAsana baiTho, 62. yogadhyAna mAsa 1 / " isa prakArakA yaha sAhitya hai jisameM bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIkI jIvana ghaTanAyeM saMkalita haiN| ina evaM caritra graMthoM meM paraspara anya zrotoMke AdhArase hI hamane bhI antara kyoM hai ? prastuta graMthakI racanA kI hai| isa ___sAhAyyake liye hama ina saba granthakAroMke matIva kRtajJa haiM / kiMtu yahAMpara yaha dekha lenA bhI samucita hai ki kyA ina saba granthoMmeM eka samAna hI kathana hai athavA usameM kucha aMtara bhI hai / yaha to mAnanA par3egA ki bhagavAnakA jIvana caritra eka hI rUpakA rahA hogaa| unake jIvanakI eka hI ghttnaa|

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[19] dUsare rUpamaiM mila nahIM saktI / aura isaliye unake jIvanacaritra sambandhameM jo bhI graMtha upalabdha hoM, unameM koI bhI antara nahIM honA caahie| kiMtu bAta daraasala yUM nahIM hai| ina sAre granthoMmeM eka dUsarese vibhinnatA maujUda hai / aura yaha vibhinnatA kevala racanAbhedakI nahIM hai| pratyuta jIvana ghaTanAoMkI hai / digaMbara aura zvetAMbara sampradAyake granthoMmeM AmnAya bhedake anukUla viparItatA rahanA prAkata susaMgata hai; parantu svayaM digaMbara saMpradAyake granthoMmeM bhI nyUna rUpameM yahI bAta dekhaneko milatI hai / bezaka unameM jIvana ghaTanAoMmeM antara nahIM hai| parantu vivaraNameM hai / lekina prazna yaha hai aisA kyoM hai ? isake uttarameM hama svayaM kucha na kahakara prasiddha vidvAn sva. paM0 ToDaramalanIke nimna zabdoMko uddhata kara denA paryApta samajhate haiM __ "aise virodha liye kathana kAladoSase bhaye haiN| isa kAla virSe pratyakSajJAnI va bahuzrutInikA to abhAva bhayA aura stokabuddhi grantha karaneke adhikArI bhaye, tinako bhramase koI artha anyathA bhAsA tisako taisA likhA athavA isa kAla virSe kaI jainamata birSe bhI kaSAyI bhaye haiN| koI kAraNa pAya anyathA kathana unhoMne milAye haiM / isaliye jainazAstroMke virSe virodha bhAsane lagA / so jahAM virodha bhAse tahAM itanA karanA ki isa kathanavAlA bahuta prAmANika hai yA isa kathanavAlA bahuta prAmANika hai| aisA vicAra kara bar3e AcAryAdikanikari kahA kathana pramANa karanA / ityAdi" -mokSamArga prakAzaka adhi0 8 / ataeva kAla mahArAjakI kapAse pratyeka graMthakArane nisa

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/ 60 bhAdhArase jo bAta ThIka samajhI, usako digambara zAstroMmeM pragaTa kara dii| unake liye aura koI sAmAnya antara hai| upAya zeSa na thA / yaha hama bhI pahale svI kAra kara cuke haiM ki Ajakalake alpajJa mAnavoMke liye yaha saMbhava nahIM hai ki vaha purAtanakAlameM huye mahApuruSoMke jIvanacaritra yathAvidhi ThIka likha sakeM / jo kucha upalabdha sAhitya aura anumAna pramANase ucita pratIta hogA vaha usIko likha deMge / kintu isake yaha bhI artha nahIM hai ki jinavANI pUrvApara virodhita hai / yaha kisI taraha bhI saMbhava nahIM hai / jaina siddhAnta athavA darzana graMtha bar3I hoziyArIke sAtha sambhAlakara rakkhe gaye haiM / yahI kAraNa hai ki unameM kiMcita bhI antara nahIM par3A hai / jo jaina siddhAnta bhagavAna mahAvIrajIke samaya evaM unase pahale jainadharmameM svIkRta the, vahI Aja bhI jainadharmameM mojUda haiM / yaha hamArA korA kathana hI nahIM hai| pratyuta jainagraMthoMkA Abhyantara svarUpa aura bauddhAdi granthoMkI sAkSI isameM pramANabhUta hai / isake liye hamArA " bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha" nAmaka graMtha dekhanA cAhiye / astu, jainasiddhAntake akSuNNa rahate huye bhI, yadyapi usameM bhI vikRti lAneke prayatna huye the jisake phalarUpa zvetAmbarAdi AmnAya nigrantha saMghameM bhI maujUda haiM, jainapurANa graMthoMmeM bheda maujUda hai / yaha kyoM aura kaise hai yaha Upara batAyA hI jAcukA hai / ataeva yahAMpara hama pahile di. jaina saMpradAyake 'pArzvacaritoM' meM paraspara bhedako dekhanekA prayatna kareMge / sacamuca yaha prabheda kucha vizeSa nahIM hai / isase bhagavAnake jIvanacaritrameM kucha bhI antara nahIM par3atA hai yaha sAmAnya

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[ 61 ] hai aura upekSA karane yogya hai / kintu isapara bhI usako pragaTa kara denA sAhityika spaSTatA ke liye Avazyaka hai / ataeva usa ora dRSTi DAlane para hameM pahale hI bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIke prathama bhavAMtara varNanameM antara milatA hai / zrI guNabhadrAcArya, sakalakIrti, caMdrakIrti, (1 / 119 - 117) aura bhUdharadAsa (1-102) kRta granthoM meM kamaThake bhAI marubhUtiko usakI khabara kisI rAha calate bhIlase pAne kA ki nahIM hai; parantu vAdirAjasUrijI ke grantha meM (sarga 2 zlo0 63-64 ) yaha vizeSatA hai| zrI jinasenajI ke ' pAzvabhyudaya kAvya ' meM pUrvabhavoM kA ullekha vartamAna rUpameM hai / agAr3I araviMdarAjA muni samAgamakA ullekha prAyaH sabameM milatA haiM; paraMtu vAdirAjasu rijIke granthameM una munirAjakA nAma 'svayaMprabha aura unake Agamana kI sucanA mAlI dvArA rAjApara pahuMcAnekA vizeSa ullekha hai / (sa0 2 zlo0 102) marubhUti kI mRtyu uparAMta salakIvana meM hAthI utpanna hone kA ullekha bhI sabameM hai; kiMtu vAdirAjasUrijI graMtha meM yahAM bhI vizeSa rUpameM usa hAthI ke mAtA pitAkA nAma varbarI aura pRthvIghoSa likhA hai (sa0 3 zlo0 38-39 ) phira rAjA araviMdake muni hojAnepara, unheM ekadA vaizyasaMgha sAtha tIrthoMkI vandanA nimitta jAte huye aura sallakI vana meM zazigupta Adi zrAvakoMko upadeza dete, isa grantha meM likhA hai / (ma0 3 zlo0 61 - 61 ) kintu sakalakIrtinI (2/1617), guNabhadrAcAryajI (73 | 14) caMdrakIrtijI ( 24/2 ) ke granthoMmeM unheM saMgha sahita zrI sammedazikharajIkI yAtrA ke liye jAte likhA hai / uttarapurANa (73/24), sakalakIrtijIke pArzva

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[62] carita (2 / 53) meM vajraghoSa gajarAjako sahasrAra svargameM svayaMprabha deva hote likhA hai; kiMtu vAdirAjamUrine use mahAzukra svargameM zaziprabhadeva likhA hai / (3 / 108) inhoMne lokottamapurake rAjAkA nAma vidyudvega aura usake putra kA nAma razmivega likhA hai (4 / 27); paraMtu uttarapurANa (73 / 24-25), sakalakIrtinI (2 / 10), caMdrakIrtijI (3 / 140) aura bhuudhrdaasnii(2|69-71)ne rAjAkA nAma vidyutgati aura putra kA nAma agnivega batAyA hai / candrakIrtijIne pitAkI AjJAnusAra agnivegakA kisI vidyAdharase saMgrAmakaranekA bhI ullekha kiyA hai / (6 / 4) vAdirAjasUrinIne vijayA rAnIke sabako vijaya karanevAlA dohalA hote likhA hai| (4 / 12-14) uttarapurANameM na dohalA hai aura na svapnoMkA jikra hai (73 / 31-32) / kintu zeSa sabameM svapna dekhanekA ullekha hai / vAdirAjanIke granthameM vajanAbhi cakravartIko sUkhA vRkSa dekhakara virakta hote aura kSemakara munike pAsa jAte likhA hai ( 172-73 ) kintu uttA purANa (73-34), sakalakIrtinI (5/3), candrakIrtinI ( 5 / 2-4 ) aura bhUdharadAsa nI (3|74)ne unako kSemaMkara munikA upadeza sunakara virakta hote batAyA hai| agAr3I sakalakIrtinI (5 / 94), caMdrakIrtinI (188-90) aura bhUdharadAsanIne (3 / 107) vajanAmi muniko vanameM rahate huye kuraGga bhIla dvArA upasargIkata hote likhA hai / parantu pArzvacarita (8,80)meM vanake sthAnapara vipulAcala parvata batAyA hai aura uttarapurANameM (73 / 38) vana aura parvata kisIkA bhI ullekha nahIM hai / agAr3I vAdirAjamarinI rAjA AnaMdako ninayajJa (jinendra pUnA) karate aura muni Agamana huA batalAte haiN|

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[ 63 ] * (9/1 - 3) unane maMtrIkI preraNAkA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai aura na munivarakA nAma batAyA hai / kintu uttarapurANa (73 / 44-45), sakalakIrtijI (7139-41), caMdrakIrti ( 645 - 10 ) aura bhUdharadAsajI (4 / 18 - 24 ) ne svAmihita maMtrIkI preraNA se AnaMda * rAjAko jinayajJa racate aura vipulamatI munirAjako Ate likhA hai / uttarapurANa (73|18-60) sakalakIrti aura bhUdharadAsajI (4 |60) ne rAjA AnaMda ke samaya se sUrya pUjAkA pracAra huA likhA hai| kiMtu vAdirAjasUrijI ke granthameM (sa09 ) aura caMdrakIrtijIke carita (6/81 - 88 ) meM aisA koI ullekha nahIM hai / vAdirAjajIne rAjA AnaMdako sapheda bAla dekhakara nidhigupta munirAjake samIpa dIkSA lete likhA hai / ( 9/34-38) kiMtu caMdrakIrtijIne yadyapi sapheda bAla dekhanekI bAta likhI hai / parantu munikA nAma sAgaradatta likhA hai / ( 6 93 va 124 ) aura sakalakIrtijIne munikA nAma samudradatta batalAyA hai ( 8 (26), yahI nAma uttarapurANa meM bhI hai / (73 | 61) bhUdharadAsajIne sAgaradatta likhA hai / nAma agAr3I vAdirAjasUrijIne bhagavAna ke pitAkA nAma vizvasena (9/69) aura mAtA brahmadattA (9/78) batAI haiM; parantu unane inake kulavaMzakA ullekha nahIM kiyA hai / utarapurANa meM rAjA-rAnIkA nAma kramazaH vizvasena aura brahmA devI (73/74) likhA hai, tathA unakA vaMza ugra (73|95) aura gotra kazyapa (73/74) batAyA hai / sakalakIrtijI, caMdrakIrtinI aura bhUdharadAsajIne kAzyapagotra aura vaMza ikSvAkU likhA hai / parantu bhUvaradAsajIke atirikta unane rAjAkA nAma vizvasena batAyA hai / bhUradAsa jI unheM azvasena

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[64] batalAte haiN| (5 / 65) harivaMzapurANameM bhI yahI nAma hai (e0567) sakalakIrtinI rAnIkA nAma brAhmI (1041) aura caMdrakIrtinI brahmA ( 8151 ) batalAte haiN| kiMtu harivaMzapurANameM unakA nAma varmA likhA hai / (e0 567) bhUgharadAsajI unheM vAmAdevIke nAmase likhate haiN.| (5/71) pAzrvAbhyudaya kAvyameM unakaH ugravaMza likhA hai (zlo0 2) kintu AdipurANa (a. 16)meM AdivaMza ikSvAkse hI zeSa vaMzoMkI utpatti likhI hai| zAyada isI kAraNa bhagavAnako kinhIM AcAryone ugravaMzI aura kinhIMne ikSvAkvaMzI likhA hai / vAdirAjasurijIne bhagavAnakI garbha tithi nahIM likha' hai / zeSa saba graMthoMmeM vaizAkha kRSNa dvitIyA vizAkhA nakSatra (nizAtyaye) likhI huI hai / vAdirAjasUrijI janmAdi kisI bhI tithikA ullekha nahIM karate haiM; kintu aura saba jtha unakA ullekha karate haiM | vAdirAjamUrijI 'bhagavAnane ATha varSakI avasthAmeM aNuvrata dhAraNa kiye the| isakA bhI ullekha nahIM karate haiN| uttarapurANa aura harivaMzapurANameM bhI yaha ullekha nahIM hai / vAdirAjanIne bhagavAnake pitA dvArA unase vivAha karaneke liye anurodha kiyA thA, usakA ullekha mahIpAla sAdhuse milanekA bAda kiyA hai aura usase hI unheM vairAgyakI prApti hote likhI hai (11 / 1-14) parantu ubhameM ayodhyAke rAjA jayasena dvArA bheTa bhenanekA nika nahIM hai / uttara pugaNameM ( 73 120 ) jayasenakA ullekha hai / parantu usameM bhI rAjA vizvasenakA bhagavAnase vivAha karane ke lie kahanekA nikara nahIM hai| zeSa harivaMzapurANako chor3akara saba granthoMmeM yaha ullekha hai| vAdirAjasurike caritra meM jyotiSIdevakA nAma bhRtAnaMda aura zeSa

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[ 65 ] graMthoMmeM sevara hai / isa graMtha meM bhagavAna ke dIkSAvRkSakA bhI nAma nahIM likhA huA hai / harivaMzapurANa meM usakA nAma dhava hai / (Ta0 667) sakalakIrtimI aura bhUvaradAsanIne use bar3akA per3a batakAyA hai| uttarapurANa aura candrakIrti kRta caritrameM kevala zilAkA ullekha hai / (caMdrakAMta zilAtale ) / harivaMza meM dIkSAvana azvavanake. sthAnapara manorama vana hai / tInasau rAjAoMke sAtha dIkSita honA bhI vAdirAjajI aura guNabhadrAcAryajIne nahIM likhA hai / zeSa sabane likhA hai / jinasenAcAryane unakI saMkhyA 606 batAI hai (875-76) pArzvabhagavAna pAraNAke lie gulmakheTapura meM gae the, yaha bAta uttarapurANa (73 | 132) vAdirAjasUricarita (11 / 45 ) sakalakIrtipurANa, caMdrakIrticarit (12/10 ) aura bhUdharadAsanI (8/3) ne svIkAra kI hai; kintu harivaMgapurANameM yaha kAmyAkRtanagara batAyA gayA hai ( pR0 169) dAtArakA nAma sakalakIrtijI aura bhUvaradAsajIne brahmadatta likhA hai; parantu vAdirAjajIne gharmo - daya (11 / 4 ), aura guNabhadrAcAryane (73|133), jinasenAcArya (g0 169) aura caMdrakIrtijI (12 / 13) ne dhanya rAjA likhA hai / kevalajJAnakI tithi anya granthoMmeM caitra kRSNA caturdazI likhI hai; ; parantu harivaMzapurANa meM caitra vadI cauthako dopaharake pahale kevalajJAna huA likhA hai / ( 0 169) uttarapurANa sakalakIrtikRta purANa, candrakI rtikRta carita aura bhUdharadAsa prathitapurANameM 16000 sAdhuoMkI saMkhyA isa taraha batAI haiM: (1) daza gaNadhara, (2) 350 pUrvadhArI (3) 10900 zikSaka sAdhu, (4) 1400 avadhijJAnI, (6) 1000 kevalajJAnI,

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(6) 1000 vikriyAdhArI, (7) 750 manaHparyayajJAnI, (8) 600 vaadii| - harivaMzapurANameM inakI saMkhyA nimna prakAra likhI hai aura vAdirAjamUrine likhI nahIM hai: (1) 10 gaNadhara, (2) 350 vAdI, (3) 1090. zikSaka, (4 / 1400 avadhijJAnI, (5) 1000 kevalajJAnI, (6) 1000 vikriyAdhArI, (7, 750 vipulamatI : 8) 600 vaadii| harivaMzapurANameM AryikA 38000, zrAvaka eka lAkha aura tIna lAkha zrAvikAyeM likhI haiN| uttarapurANa, sakalakIrtikRta purANa, candrakIrtikRta carita aura bhUdharadAsanI praNIta purANameM zrAvaka aura zrAvikAoM kI saMkhyA harivaMzapurANake samAna likhI haiM; parantu AryikAoM kI saMkhyA bhUgharadAmajIke atirikta sabane 36000 likhI hai / bhUdharadAsanIne 26000 batalAI hai| uttara purANa, sakalakIrti, candrakIrti aura bhUdharadAsanIke granthoMmeM bhagavAnako mokSa lAbha pratimAyogase prAtaHkAla huA likhA hai; kintu harivaMzapurANameM kAyotsargarUpase sAyaMkAlako huA batalAyA hai| bhUdharadAsanI 36 munIzvaroM ke sAtha mokSa gaye batalAte haiM; jinasenAcArya inakI saMkhyA 536 likhate haiM / harivaMzapurANameM bhagavAnake kula 60200 ziSyoMko mokSa gayA likhA hai aura unake bAda tIna kevalajJAniyoM kA honA batalAyA hai| isa tarahapara saMkSepameM digambara granthoM kA paraspara bheda nirdiSTa kiyA gayA hai / yaha vizeSa nahIM hai / sAdhAraNa hai aura isalie kucha bhI nahIM hai.| zvetAMbara saMpradAyake graMthoM ke samAna vaha nahIM hai / zvetAMbara saMpradAyake graMthoM meM paraspara eka dUpa

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[67] rese bahata virodha hai / jo bAteM unake prAcIna graMthoMmeM nahIM haiM, vaha arvAcIna granthoM meM haiM / kintu digambara zAstroMmeM aisI bAta nahIM hai| unameM prAcIna ghaTanAkramameM kiMcita bhI bheda nahIM milatA hai| zve. graMthoMmeM sarva prAcIna kalpasUtra haiM; aura usameM bhagavAnake vivAha karanekA ullekha bilakula nahIM hai, parantu kinhIM digambara jaina zAstroMse bhI uparAMtake race hue zve zAstroMmeM bhagavAnake vivAha karanekA ullekha hai / yaha saMbhavataH zve. di ke pArasparika sAMpradAyika vidveSake pariNAma svarUpa hai / astu; jo ho yahAMpara zvetAMbaroMke granthoMmeM jo paraspara bheda hai usako bhI pragaTa kara denA anucita na hogaa| kalpasUtrameM (149-169) vivAhake atirikta bhagavAnake pUrvabhavoMkA bhI ullekha nahIM hai / usameM zvetAmbara zAstroM meM kamaTha aura nAgarAna 'dharaNa' (dharaNendra) paraspara vizeSa kA bhI nikara kahIM nahIM hai| zeSa mAtA antara hai| pitA, janma, nagara, Ayu AdimeM anya . caritroMmeM samAnatA hai / kintu bhAvadevasUrinIke caritra aura kalpasUtrameM jo unake ziSyoMkA varNana diyA hai, usameM vizeSa antara hai| kalpasUtrameM ATha gaNa aura ATha gaNadhara(1) AryaghoSa, (2) zubha, (3) vaziSTha, (4) brahmacAriNa, (6) saumya, (6) zrIdhara, (7) vIrabhadra, (8) aura yazapsa likhe haiM / bhAvadevasUrine daza gaNadhara-(1) Aryadatta, (2) AryaghoSa, (3) vaziSTha, (4) brahmanAmaka, (5) soma, (6) zrIdhara, (7) vAriSeNa, (8) bhadrayazasa, (9) jaya, (10) aura vinaya batAye haiM / (6)

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[ 68 ] 1350 - 1360) kalpasUtrameM AryadattakI saMrakSatAmeM 16000 zramaNa, puSpakalA ArthikAkI pramukhatA meM 38000 AryikAyeM, 164000 zrAvaka aura 327000 zrAvikAyeM batalAye haiM / bhAvadevasU ra granthameM yaha saMkhyA isa rUpameM dekhaneko nahIM milI hai / zatruJjaya mAhAtmya (141 - 97 ) meM bhI pUrvabhavoM kA varNana nahIM hai / usameM prApta rUpa se bhagavAnakA caritra prArambha kiyA gayA hai| isameM kama ullekha saMkSepa meM hai / (14-42. dazabhavAratiH kaThAsuraH), vivAhakA ullekha isameM bhI hai; parantu isameM pArzvanAthanIkI patnI prabhAvatIko prasenajituke sthAna para naravarmanakI putrI likhA hai / prasenajita naravarmanakA putra / bhAvadevasUrijIne prabhAvatIko prasenajitakI putrI likhA hai ( 1 / 145 .... ) kintu bauddhAdi granthoMse pragaTa hai ki prasenajita ma buddhake samakAlIna the / ' isa avasthAmeM na vaha aura na unake pinA bhagavAna pArzvanAthajI ke samaya meM pahuMca sakte haiM / isa kAraNa unakA yaha kathana niHmAra pratIta hotA hai ki bhagavAn pArzvanAthanakA vivAha huA thA / unake kalpasUtrAdi prAcIna graMthoM meM isakA koI ullekha nahIM hai, yaha hama pahale hI kaha cuke haiM / kiMtu inake upayantake granthoMmeM pUrvabhava varNana Adike vizeSa ullekha saMbhavrataH digambara sampadAyaka granthoMke AdhArapara isa DhaMgase likhe gae hoMge ki vaha svataMtra aura yathArtha pratIta hoM / ataeva nimna meM di0 aura zve0 granthoMmeM jo paraspara bheda hai usako dekha lenA bhI Adazyaka hai / C: 0 ke bhAvadevasUrikRta pArzvacaritase hI hama isa prabhedakA 1- kSatriya klensa ina buddhisTa inDiyA, pR0 128 - 129 /

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[69] nirIkSaNa karate haiN| pahale marubhUtibhavameM digaMbara aura zvetAMbara vizvabhUtike sAdhu ho svargavAsI honepara zAstroM meM paraspara bhed| kamaTha aura marubhUtiko vizeSa zoka karate aura harizcaMdra nAmaka mAdhuse pratibo dheta honekA jo ullekha bhAvadevamurine kiyA hai vaha digambara zAstroM meM nahIM hai / phira unane marubhUtikI strI vasundharAko kAmase janarita aura kamaThake sAtha usake gupta premako marubhUti bheSa badalakara jAna lene tathA rAnAse use daMDita karAne ityAdika bAteM kahIM haiM vaha bhI digaMbara zAstroMmeM nahIM haiM / digambarazAstroMmeM vasundharA pahale zIlavAn hI batalAI gaI hai aura marubhUtiko bhrAtRpremameM saMlagna tathA rAjAkA kamaThake anyAyake lie use daMDa denepara marubhUtikA use kSamA karane AdikI prArthanA karate vatalAyA gayA hai / di. zAstra meM rAnA arivinda aura marubhUtika eka saMgrAmapara jAnekA vizeSa ullekha hai| rAjA arivindake muni ho jAnepara zvetAMbarAcArya unheM mAgaradatta zreSTI Adiko jainadharmI banAte aura unake sAtha jAte huye hAthIkA unapara AkramaNa karate likhate haiM; parantu di0 zAstra tIrthayAtrApara jAnekA ullekha karate haiM / digambara zAstra agnivegakA janma sthAna puSkalAvatI dezakA lokottarapura nagara aura usakI mAtAkA nAma bidyutmAlA batalAte haiM; parantu zve. zAstrameM tilakAnagara aura tila kApatI athavA kanakatilakA mAtA batAI gaI haiN| inameM agnivegakA nAma kiraNavega hai| vaha apane putra himagiriko rAjya de muni huA di0 zAstra batAte haiM / zve. kahate haiM ki usake putra kA nAma kiraNatenasa thA aura vaha muni ho vaitAnyaparvatapara eka mUrti ke sahAre

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[7.] tapasyA karatA rhaa| zvetAMbarAcArya agAr3I vajanAbhiko janmase mithyAtvI aura sAdhu lokacaMdra dvArA samyaktvI lAbha karate batalAte haiN| vaha usake putrakA nAma zakrAyudha kahate haiN| digamvara zAstra unako janmase jainI batalAte aura unake putrakA nAmollekha nahIM karate haiM / vajanAbhikA janmasthAna zvetAMbara zubhaMkarA nagarI batalAte aura unakI mAtAkA nAma lakSmIvatI aura strI vijayA batAte haiN| di0 zAstroMmeM janmasthAna aparavidehake padmadezakA azvapura aura unakI mAtA va patnIke nAma kramazaH vijayA aura zubhadrA pragaTa karate haiN| zvetAmbara zAstra kuraMgaka bhIlako jvalana parvatameM rahate batAte haiN| digambara zAstroMmeM jvalana parvatakA koI ullekha nahIM hai| vajanAbhikI kuraMga bhIlake hAthase mRtyu huI batAkara zve. zAstra use lalitAMga svagaMmeM deva hote aura vahAMse cayakara surapurake rAjA vajabAhukI patnI sudarzanAke garbha meM Ate likhate haiN| inakI kokhase, janma pAkara vaha use svarNabAhu nAmaka cakravartI rAjA hote likhate haiM kiMtu digambara zAstroMmeM vajanAbhiko cakravartI batAyA gayA hai| isa bhavameM to marubhutikA jIva madhyama graivevikase cayakara Ananda nAmaka mahAmaNDalIka rAjA huA thA, yaha digaMbara zAstra kahate haiM / kiMtu donoM sampradAyake graMthoMmeM inake pitAkA nAma vajrabAhu hI hai / digambara zAstra inako ayodhyAkA rAjA batAte haiM aura inakI rAnIkA nAma prabhAkarI likhate haiN| zve. zAstra yaha bhI kahate haiM ki svarNabAhuko eka daphe unakA ghor3A le bhAgA aura vaha sAdhuoMke eka AzramameM phuNce| vahAM ratnapurake vidyAdhara rAjAkI kanyA padmApara vaha Asakta huye aura use le bhAge / isa padmAke sambaMdhiyoMkI sahAyatAse vaha

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[ 1 ] cakravartI rAjA huye batAye gaye haiM / padmA haraNakI kathA bahuta kucha saMskRtake zakuntalA nATakakI vArtAse milatI julatI hai / digambara zAstroM meM yaha kucha bhI ullekha nahIM hai| isake sthAnapara unameM Ananda rAjAko pUjA karate aura unake sUryavimAnastha maMdiroMkI pUjA karane se 'sUrya pUjA' kA prArambha hotA likhA hai | Ananda muni honepara kamaThake jIva zerane unakI jIvanalIlA samApta kara dI thii| ve bhautika zarIra chor3akara Anata svargameM deva huye / zve 0 zAstra svarNabAhuke muni hone aura zera dvArA mAre jAneko to svIkAra karate haiM, parantu unheM mahAprabhA vimAna meM deva hote likhate haiN| yahAMse cayakara yaha jIva ikSvAkuvaMzI rAjA azvasena aura rAnI vAmAke yahAM banArasa meM zrI pArzvanAmaka rAjakumAra hote haiM, yaha bAta donoM saMpradAya ke zAstra svIkAra karate haiM / kintu zve0 zAstra meM jo unakA pArzva nAma isa kAraNa par3A batAyA hai ki unakI mAtA ne apane 'pArzva' (bagala meM eka sarpako dekhA thA, digaMbara zAstroMke kathanase pratikUla hai| unameM indrane bhagavAnakA camakatA huA pArzva dekhakara unakA nAma pAtra rakkhA thA, yaha likhA hai / di0 zAstra unake vivAha kI vArtAse bhI sahamata nahIM haiM / zve0 zAstra meM kamaThake jIvako narka se nikalakara rora nAmaka brAhmaNakA kaTha nAmakA putra hote batalAyA hai / para digaMbara zAstra kahate haiM ki kamaThakA jIva narka meM se nikalakara saMsAra meM kiMcita rulakara mahIpAlapurakA rAjA mahIpAla huA, jo bhagavAna pArzvanAthakA isa bhavameM nAnA thA / isaprakAra pArzvajIke aMtima saMsArI jIvanameM kamaThase unakA sambaMdha punaH unake prathama bhava jaisA hojAtA hai / Akhira meM donoM ,

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[1] saMpradAya ke zAstra kamaTha jIvako paMcAgni tapatA huA sAdhu aura usase bhagavAna pArzvakA samAgama likhate haiM / i0 zAstra sarpako pAtAla loka meM dhAraNa nAmaka rAjA aura kamaTha jIvako meghamAlina asura hotA likhate haiM / di0 zAstra sarpako gharaNendra aura kamaTha jIvako saMvara nAmaka jyotiSIdeva huA batalAte haiM / donoM saMpradAya bhagavAnako tIsa varSa kI avasthA meM dIkSA dhAraNa karate pragaTa karate haiM; kiMtu khe0 zAstroMmeM dIkSAvRkSa azoka hai aura di0 zAstroM meM vaha bar3akA per3a batAyA gayA hai / usI taraha unake dIkSA lenekA kAraNa bhI donoM AmnAyoMke graMthoM meM vibhinna hai / digambara zAstra chadmasthAvasthAmeM unheM mauna dhAraNa kie hue batAte haiM; paraMtu bhAvadevasUrike caritameM unheM taba bhI upadeza dete likhA hai / yaha bAta unake AcArAMgasUtra ke kathanase bhI bAdhita hai; jisameM tIrthaMkara bhagavAnako isa dazA meM maunavRta gRhaNa kie hue vicarate likhA hai / uparAMta zvetAmbarAcArya asuradvArA bhagavAna para upasarga huA batalAte haiM aura usake antameM use bhagavAnakI zaraNa meM AyA kahate haiM / kintu di0 zAstra samozaraNa meM use samyakttatvakI prApti huI batalAte haiM / upasarga honeke bAda vaha kAzI pahuMce the, yaha zve. kahate haiM / parantu digaMbara zAstroM meM yaha ghaTanA svayaM kAzI meM huI batAI gaI hai / mokSa pAnepara bhagavAn ke nirvANa sthAna para devendra ne ratnajaTita stUpa banAyA thA, yaha bhI zve 0 zAstra kahate haiM / digaMbara granthoM meM zAyada koI aisA ullekha nahIM hai / kalpasUtra meM garmatithi caitrakRSNA 4 samaya ardharAtri likhI hai / di* zAstra meM yaha vaizAkhakRSNa 2 samaya ardharAtri batAI gaI hai / hAM,

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[53] donoM saMpradAyake granthoM meM bhagavAna ke pAMcoMkalyANakoMko vizAkhA nakSatrameM ghaTita huA batalAyA gayA hai / janmatithi bhI di zAstrameM zve ke pauSakRSNa 10ke sthAnapara pauSakRSNa ekAdazI hai / hAM, dIkSAtithi donoM saMpradAyoMmeM eka mAnI gaI hai / pAlaka kA nAma kalpasUtrameM 'vizAlA' aura di0 zAstrameM 'vimalA' hai / dIkSA samaya di0 zAstra bhagavAnako digaMbara muni huA batalAte haiM; parantu zve. zAstra unheM devadUSya vastra dhAraNa karate huye likhate haiM; yadyapi unakA yaha kathana niHsAra hai, kyoMki pahale to unhIMke zAstroMmeM sAdhukI sarvoccadazA nagna batAI hai aura usakA abhyAsa tIrthaMkaroMne kiyA, aisA likhA hai / tisapara isake atirikta bauddha aura vaidika matoMke graMthoMse bhI bhagavAn mahAvIrase pahale ke jaina sAdhuoM kA bheSa nagna hI pramANita hotA hai| vaidikakAlake jaina yati athavA jyeSTha vrAtya nana hote the, yaha hama kiMcit Upara dekha hI cuke haiM / astu; zve ke isa kathanapara sahasA vizvAsa nahIM kiyA jAsaktA / agAr3I di. zAstra bhagavAn kI chadmasthAvasthA 4 mAsa aura kevalajJAna prAptikI tithi caitrakRSNa caturdazI kahate haiM / zve * yaha avadhi 83 dinakI aura ukta tithi caitra kRSNa caturthI batalAte haiM / digaMbara zAstrameM gaNa aura gaNadhara daza batAye gae haiM; jaise bhAvadevamUrine bhI batAye haiM, parantu kalpasUtra meM ve 8 hI haiM / muniyoMkI saMkhyA digambara zAstroMmeM bhI 160 0 0 batAI gaI hai; parantu AryikAoMkI saMkhyA zve se viparIta unameM 36000 hai / zrAvaka bhI ekalAkha aura zrAvikA tInalAkha batAye gae haiM / sammedazikharase mukta hue di. 1-bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma* buddha pR. 64-65 /

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[7] zAstra bhI svIkAra karate haiM, parantu unakA kathana hai ki bhagavAnne eka mAsakA yoga sAdhana kiyA thA aura zrAvana sudI 7 ko 36. munIzvaroMke sAtha muktilAbha kiyA thaa| kalpasUtrameM unheM zrAvaNa zuklA ko 83 vyaktiyoM sahita nirvANapada pAte likhA hai / isa prakAra donoM AnAyake zAstroMmeM bhagavAn pAzvakI jIvanImeM paraspara bheda hai| zvetAmbaroMke arvAcIna graMthoM, jaise bhAvadevamUrike caritameM jo pUrvabhava varNana hai, vaha saMbhavataH digambara zAstroMse liyA gayA hai kyoMki usameM kucha vizeSa antara nahIM hai aura vaha varNana unake prAcIna granthoM meM nahIM milatA hai / tisapara bhAvadevasuri no digaMbarAmnAyake anusAra daza gaNadhara batalAte haiM, vaha bhI isI AdhArakA sUcaka hai / parantu isako nirNayAtmaka rUpase svIkAra karanA jarA kaThina hai| kintu anumAna zve0 kathanako digambara zAstroMkA RNI batalAtA hai| yaha bhI dhyAna rahe ki bhAvadevamUri Adike pArzvacarita digambaroMke pArzvacarita Adise uparAMtakI racanA hai / astu; bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke pUrvabhava varNanameM nisa prakAra marubhUti aura kamaThake bhavase paraspara do jIvoMmeM bhAratIya sAhityameM dazameM bhaktaka zatrutA calI AI batalAI aisI anya gaI hai, vaha jIvoMke kaSAyabhAvoMkI tIvratA kathAyeM aura usake kaTukaphalakI dyotaka hai aura . bhAratIya sAhityameM aise hI anya ullekha bhI milate haiM / citta aura sambhUtakI kathA isI taraha do jIvoMkA janmAntarataka eka dUsarekA sahAyaka prakaTa karatI hai| sanatkumArakI 1-brahmadattakathA-vAinA jarnala oNpha oriyanTala sTaDIja, bhA05va 6 /

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[ 75 ] kathA to bilkula pArzvanAthajIke pUrvabhavavarNana ke DhaMgakI hai / ' usameM bhI vairabhAvI mukhyatA hai / yahI hAla pradyumnasUrikI samagaditya kathAkA hai; jisameM rAjakumAra guNasena aura brAhmaNa agnizarman ke pArasparika vidveSakA khAsA digdarzana karAyA gayA hai| bauddhoMke 'dhammapada' meM (291) bhI eka kathA isI janmajanmAMtara meM vairabhAvakI dyotaka hai| isI prakArakI eka kathA 'kathAkoSa' meM do brAhmaNa bhAiyoMkI dI huI hai; jisameM eka bhAIne lobhake vazIbhUta ho dUsare bhAIke prANa lenekI ThAnI thI / Akhira pAMca bhavoMtaka yaha vaira calatA rahA thaa| sArAMzataH isa DhaMgakI kathAyeM bhAratIya sAhitya meM bahutAyata se milatI haiM / paraMtu hameM yaha svIkAra karanA par3atA hai ki marubhUti aura kamaTha jaisI pArzvakathAse sundara aura anupama kathA zAyada anyatra nahIM hai / isake lie hama 'pArzvAbhyudaya kAvya' keTIkAkAra yogirA paMDitAcAryake isa zlokako upasthita kiye vinA nahIM raheMge: - 4 zrI pArzvAtsAdhuH sAdhuH kamaThAtkhalataH khalaH / pArzvAbhyudayataH kAvyaM na ca kacidapISyate // 17 // ' arthAt - 'zrI pArzvanAthase bar3hakara koI sAdhu, kamaThase bar3hakara koI duSTa aura pArzvAbhyudayase bar3hakara koI kAvya nahIM dikhalAI detA hai / ' niSpakSa vidvAna ke liye isameM kucha bhI atizayokti nahIM hai / yahAMpara sthAna aura avasara nahIM hai ki hama pArzvAbhyudaya jaise anupama sAhityagraMthoM kA rasAsvAdana apane pAThakoM ko karA skeN| 1 - kathAkoSa, pR0 31 - lAipha eNDa sTorIja oNpha pArzvanAtha, bhU0 pR0 13 /

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[76] kintu uparollikhita vivaraNase pAThaka yaha na samajha leM, ki IsAkI 5vIM yA 6ThI zatAbdike pahale jaina purANa graMtha prAcIna- koI jainagrantha bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke kAlase upalabdha hai| divya caritrako prakAzameM lAneke lie racA hI na gayA thA / yaha bAta nahIM hai; kyoMki bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmIkI divyadhvanise pragaTa hue aura zrI indrabhUti gautamagaNadhara dvArA grathita prathamAnuyogakA astitva IsAse pUrvakI prathama zatAvdi taka rahA thA; aura usako lupta hotA huA dekhakara hI pUrvAcAryone usa samayake upalabdha aMzase granthoMko racakara unheM lipibaddha karanA prAraMbha kara diyA thaa| usake pahale Agama graMtha RSiyoMkI smRtimeM surakSita rahate the, yaha hama pahale batalA cuke haiM / ataeva isa AdhArase bane huye prAcIna purANa graMthoM ke astitvakA patA hameM zrI jinasenAcAryanIke kathanase calatA hai / ve likhate haiM: " namaH purANakArebhyo yadvakrAbje srsvtii| yeSAmanyakavitvasya sUtrapAtAyiMta vacaH // 41 // dharmasUtrAnugA hRdyA yasya vaangmnnyo'mlaaH| kathAlaGkAratAM bhejuH kANabhikSurjayatyasau // 51 // " yahAM pahale zloka dvArA prAcIna purANakAroMko namaskAra kiyA hai; jinake vacanoMke AdhArase dUsaroMne graMtha banAye haiM aura dUsa. remeM kANabhikSu nAmaka kavikI prazaMsA kI hai, jisane koI kathA grantha banAyA thA / itanA hI kyoM ? zrI jinasenAcAryajIke pahale . eka mahApurANa gadyameM zrI kavi paramezvara dvArA racA huA maujUda

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[ 77 ] thA, jisameM 24 tIrthaMkara aura avazeSa zalAkA puruSoMke caritra.. varNita the| zrI jinasenAcArya isa bAta ko spaSTa prakaTa karate haiM:' kaviparamezvara nigaditagadyakathAmAtRkaM purozcaritam / sakalachandolaGka tilakSyaM sUkSmArthagUDhapadaracanam // ' ataeva ina ullekhoM se yaha spaSTa hai ki jainAcArya praNIta uparokta caritragranthoMke atirikta prAcInakAla meM aura bhI aise purANa graMtha maujUda the jinameM zrI pArzvanAthajIkA caritra varNita thA / kiMtu sAmpradAyika vidveSa aura kAlamahArAjakI kRpA se vaha Aja upalabdha nahIM hai / sAtha hI yahAM para hama yaha bhI spaSTa kara denA Avazyaka samajhate haiM ki pArzvacaritra meM jo kamaTha jIvake kamaTha jIvakA vaira yathArtha vairabhAvakA varNana hai, vaha yathArtha hai / hai - rahasyapUrNa alaMkAra kevala kaviyoMne apane kAvyagranthoMko nahIM hai| sulalita banAne ke liye isakA aviSkAra. nahIM kiyA thA / digambara jaina saMpradA yake prAcInase prAcIna grantha meM isa viSayakA ullekha maujUda hai / kamaThake jIva arane bhagavAna para upasarga kiyA aMta meM bhagavAnako kevalajJAnakI prApti huI thii| saMpradAya meM eka spaSTa ghaTanA ke taurapara prakhyAta hai| itanA hI kyoM ? pratyuta bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIkI jitanI bhI pratimAyeM milatIM haiM; vaha sarpaphaNayukta milatIM haiN| aura ve isa ghaTanA kI pragaTa sAkSI haiN| vaha phaNamaNDala bahudhA sAta athavA nau phaNoMkA hotA hai; parantu : sau phaNAvAlI pratimAyeM bhI milI hai| ur3IsA aura mathurAkI thA aura usake yaha bAta jaina -

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[ 8 prAcIna pratimAyeM bhI isI rUpakI haiM kiMvA vividha stotroMmeM isa ghaTanAkA ullekha kiyA huA milatA hai| vikramakI dUsarI zatAbdike digambara jainAcArya zrIsamantabhadrasvAmI isa ghaTanAkA ullekha nimnaprakAra karate haiM:'bRhatphaNAmaNDalamaNDapena yaM sphurattaDiriGgarucopasamiNAm / jugUha nAgo dharaNo dharAdharaM virAgasandhyAtaDidambudo ythaa||' isI taraha zrI siddhasena divAkara praNIta kalyANamaMdira stotrameM bhI yahI ullekha maujUda hai; yathAH'yasya svayaM suragurugarimAmburAzeH, stotraM suvistRtamatirnavibhu vidhAtum / tIrthezvarasya kamaThasmayadhUmaketostasyAhameSa kila saMstavanaM krissye|| 'prAgbhArasammRtanabhAMsi rajAMsi roSAdutthApitAni kamaThena zaThena yAni / chAyApi taistava na nAtha hatA hatAzo grastastvamIbhirayameva paraM durAtmA / / 31 // ' somacaMdrakI kaThamahodadhi (zve0)meM bhI isa ghaTanAkA ullekha hai / ataeva isa ghaTanAmeM saMzaya karanA vRthA hai / jaina samAjameM bhagavAn pArzvanAthake sambandha meM kaI pavitrasthAna tIrtharUpameM mAne jAte haiM / sammedazikhara pArzvanAthajI sambandhI to nirvANasthAna honeke kAraNa bahuprakhyAta .. tiirthsthaan| hai parantu isake atirikta aura sthAna bhI . tIrtharUpameM pUje jAte haiM / banArasa garbha - janma aura kevalajJAna sthAnarUpameM prasiddha hai| kintu digambara saMpa dAyameM na mAlUma ahicchatrako kisa AdhArase kevalajJAna sthAna mAnA

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[79) nAtA hai ? hamAre khyAlase vahAMpara eka nAgarAjane bhagavAnakI vinaya aura bhakti kI thI aura unakI pavitra smRtimeM eka maMdira aura svarNalepayukta pratibiMba banavAI thI, usIke upalakSameM yaha sthAna pUjya mAnA jAne lagA hai / pArzvanAthanIke sambandhameM zAstra isake atirikta aura koI ullekha nahIM karate haiN| kalikuNDa athavA kalikuNDa pArzvanAtha nAmaka tIrtha bhI donoM saMpradAyoMmeM mAnya hai / yahAMpara karakaNDu mahArAnAne aneka jinamaMdira aura ratnamaI pArzvapratimA banavAye the, yaha digambara zAstroMkA kathana hai| isake atirikta zvetAMbara saMpradAyameM kukuMTezvara, staMbhanaka, mathurA, zaMkhapura, nAgahada, lATahada aura svarNagiri nAmaka sthAna pArzvanAthanIke samparkase pavitra huye tIrtha mAne jAte haiM / digaMbara saMpradAyameM bhI uparokta ke alAvA zrI khaNDagiri udayagiri, rAnagRhI (vipulAcala parvata), khajurAhA, atizayakSetra kuragamA (jhAMsI), bAlAbeTa atizayakSetra, gvAliyara, bhAtakulI ( amarAvatI), aMtarIkSa pArzvanAtha (sirapura), kuMDalapura, kukuTezvara, (indaura), droNAgiri, nainAgiri, muktAgiri, vinoliyA atizayakSetra, phAlodI pArzvanAtha, cauralezvara atizayakSetra, maksI pArzvanAtha, zrI vighnezvara pArzvanAtha, kacanera atizayakSetra, terapura (dhArAziva), bAbAnagara atizayakSetra, amInarA pArzvanAtha atizayakSetra, zrIkSetra tirumalai, mUr3abadrI, zravaNabelagolA ityAdi sthAnoMse bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIkA vizeSa sambaMdha mAnA jAtA hai / isa prakAra prakaTa hai ki prAcInakAlase hI bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke pavitra / smArakameM aneka sthAna pavitra mAne jAne lage the aura aneka caitya, maMdira, vihAra va guphAyeM. bhI bana gaye the|

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[ ] antameM hameM prastuta pustakake viSayameM kucha adhika nahIM kahanA hai / isameM jo kucha hai vaha pAThaprastuta grnth| koMke sAmane hai / bezaka usameM navInatA zAyada hI kucha ho-purAtana bhAva aura caritrako hI isameM sthAna diyA gayA hai / hAM; aitihAsika rItise vivecanA karane kA DhaMga ullekhanIya hai / ise hamArI samAjake kRtipaya vidvAn zAyada pasaMda bhI nahIM kareMge / paraMtu satyako khojake. liye yaha aitihAsika DhaMga paramAvazyaka hai| isI aitihAsika prasaMgameM jo bAteM hamane zvetAMbarAdi saMpradAyoMke viSaya meM kahIM hai, vaha bhI kevala satya khojake bhAvako lekara likhI gaI haiN| isameM vivaza aisI paristhiti hotI hai. nise eka itihAsa lekhaka meTane aura sarvapriya banAne meM asamartha rahatA hai / isase hamAga bhAka kisIkA dila dukhAne kA nahIM hai aura na unakI mAnyatAoM ko heya pragaTa karane kA hai| isake sAtha hI jo isameM jaina granthoM meM ullekhita sthAnoM ko yathAsaMbhava AnakI duniyAM meM khona nikAlane kA prayatna kiyA gayA hai, vaha anokhA hai aura isa viSayakA prathama prayAsa hai / AzA hai, vidvajana isapara niSpakSa ho vicAra kareMge aura ucita sammati hArA anugrahIta kreNge| bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke pavitra jIvana caritrako prakaTa karanevAle isa granthako maiM likha sakA hUM yaha kevala dharmakA hI prabhAva hai / varan mujha jaise alpajJakI kyA sAmarthya thI jo isa gahana biSayameM apanI ayogya lekhanIkA praveza karA saktA ! astu; jaya, prabhu, pAlakI jaya ! pAtrani0 divasa 2464] vinIta-kAmatAprasAda jaina /

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bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / ( uttarAI ) bhagavAnU kA dIkSAgrahaNa aura tapazcaraNa / sAketa nagare so'tha jayasenAkhya bhUpatiH / dharmaprItyAnyadAsau prAhiNochI pArzva sannidha / / niHsRSTArtha mahAdUta kRtsna kAryakaraM hitaM / bhagalAdezasaMjAtahayAdipAbhRtaH samaM / / --zrI sakalakIrtiH / rAjakumAra pArzvanAtha Anandase kAlayApana kara rahe the| pitAke rAjakAryameM ve unakA hAtha baTAye huye the / yuvAvasthAko prApta hocuke the / yuvaka vayasake ona pUrNa rasane. unake zarIrako aisA khilA diyA thA ki mAnoM kAmadeva bhI vahAM Ate khina rahA hai| bhagavAna to janmase hI atIva sundara aura sudRr3ha zarIrake dhArI the, para isa samaya unakI zobhA dekhe nahIM banatI thI / nIlAkAzameM jaise zarada-pUnoMkA candramA apanI sAnI nahIM rakhatA, vaise hI bhagavAnake nIlavarNake sundara zarIrameM yauvana anyatra usa upamAko nahIM pAtA thA / bhagavAn jisa orase hokara nikala jAte the usa orake. loga unake rUpa saundaryapara bAvale hojAte the| striyoMko yaha bhI patA nahIM rahatA thA ki hamArA aMcala vakSaHsthalase kaba skhalita

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204 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | hogayA hai aura hamArI lokalajjA kyA hai ? jaina zAstroMmeM bhagavAnake viSaya meM aisA hI varNana milatA hai / ' 1 eka roja yauvanasampanna rAjakumAra pArzvako dekhakara unake pitAko putrake vivAha karanekI sudha aaii| sacamuca bhAratIya maryAdA anumAra pahale brahmacarya Azrama meM pUrNa dakSatA prApta kara cukane para aura yuvA hojAne para hI loga gRhasthAzramameM praveza karate the / AjakalakI taraha nanheM 2 bAlakoMke vivAha usa jamAne meM nahIM hote the anamela aura vRddhavivAhoM kA bhI astitva usasamaya isa dharAtala para nahIM thA; kyoMki loga gRhastha AzramakA upabhoga karake vAnaprastha AzramakA abhyAsa karane lagate the / isaprakAra ke niyamita aura maMyamI sAmAjika vAtAvaraNameM hI AryasaMtAna phala phUla rahI thI aura saMsArabhara meM vaha apanI samAnatAmeM eka thI / usI purAtana Adarza arya janatA ke guNagAna Aja bhI sArA saMsAra muktakaMThase karatA hai kintu unhIM kI saMtAna Ajake bhAratIyoM meM koI kaur3I mola nahIM pUMchatA ! AryavaMzaja hote huye bhI vaha apane pUrvajoM kI maryAdA lAMchita banA rahe haiM / sacamuca jabataka bhAratIya samAjakA sAmAjika jIvana prAcIna AdarzanIvana nahIM bana jAyagA tabataka usakI unnati honA azakya hai / bhagavAna pArzvanAthake bhakta jainI bho Aja apane pUrvanoM AdarzajIvanase kosoM dUra haiM; yahI kAraNa hai ki unake jIvana hIna aura saMkaTApanna bana rahe haiM / vivAha niyamakI avahelanA vaha burItaraha kara rahe haiM / bAla, anamela aura vRddhavivAha jaisI kuprathAoM kA unameM bahu pracAra hai| jahAM 1 - pArzvanAtha carita 10 366-367 /

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bhagavAnakA dIkSAgrahaNa aura tapazcaraNa / [ 205 pahale unake pUrvaja apane putra-putriyoM ko yuvAvasthA prApta karane ka jaina upAdhyAyoMke supurda karake dhArmika aura laukika jJAnameM pAraMgata banAte the, vahAM aba unako nanhIMsI umarase hI gRhasthIkI jhaMjhaTa meM phaMsAdiyA jAtA hai / ve bAlaka aparipakka zarIra aura adhUre jJAnako hI rakhakara gRhasthIkA mahAna bojhA apane komala kaMdhoMpara lekara calane ko bAdhya kiye jAte haiM; jisakA pariNAma yaha hotA hai ki ve gRhastha - dharmakA samucita pAlana karanemeM asaphala rahate haiM / dharma, artha aura kAma puruSArthakA vaha bhalI bhAMti pAlana hI nahIM kara sakte haiN| vaha to pahale hI nAmako puruSa raha jAte haiM / isa dazA meM vRddhAvasthA taka unakI vahI asaMyamI dazA banI rahatI hai aura vAnaprasthadharma evaM sanyAsa dharmakA pAlana karanA unake liye muhAla hojAtA hai / isake sAtha hI apane pUrvajoM ke khilApha Ajake jainiyoMne apaneko alaga ra ToliyoM meM sImita kara rakkhA hai, jisase viva kSetra saMkucita hogayA hai aura yogya vara kanyAoMke ThIka sambaMdha nahIM milate haiM / isase bhI sAmAjika hAsa bahuta kucha ho rahA hai / kintu pUrvakAlake jainiyoMmeM yaha bAta nahIM thI / unakA vivAhakSetra vizada thA aura unake jIvana AdarzarUpa the / Aja unake pada'cihnoMpara calane meM hI hamArA kalyANa hai / astu; usa samaya ke Adarza sAmAjika jIvanake anusAra hI jaba bhagavAn pArzvanAtha pUrNa yuvA hogaye to unake pitAne unakA vivAha karanA Avazyaka samajhA thA / rAjA vizvasenane rAjakumAra pArzvake samakSa jaba vivAhakA prastAva rakkhA, to ve sakucA gaye / unhoMne apane bala - parAkrama

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206..: bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / aura yogyatApara dRSTa DAlI, kartavyAkartavyakI ora nigAha pherii| pitAne kahA-vaMza vela ko agAr3I calAneke liye bhagavAna RSabha. nAthakI taraha tuma bhI vivAha karalo paraMtu rAnakumAra pArzvane RSabhadevase ko apanI tulanA kI to unako isa prastAvase sahamata honA kaThina hogayA / unhoMne kahA-'maiM RSabhadevake samAna nahIM hUM, mAtra sauvarSakI mero Ayu hai, jisameMse solaha varSa to vyatIta hocuke haiM aura tIsa varSameM saMyama dhAraNa karanekA avasara aajaaygaa| isalie naragana ! aba mujhe isa jhaMjhaTameM na phasAiye / dekhiye cahuMorakA vAtAvaraNa kaisA asaMyamI bana rahA hai| loga brahmacaryake mahatvakohI nahIM samajhate haiN| gRhatyAgI logataka putrotpattikI AzAse vivAha karanA apanA dharma mAne huye haiN| gRhavAsa chor3akara jaMgaloM meM Akara vase huye loga bhI Ana iMdriyanigrahase muMha mor3a rahe haiN| isaliye hai pitA nau ! kartavya mujhe bAdhya kararahA hai ki maiM Apake prastAvako amvIkAra karU~ / alpakAla aura alpa sukhake liye Apa hI. batAiye maiM kyoM kara isa jhaMjhaTameM paDUM ? isa alpa prayojanake liye apane kartavyako kaise ThukarA dUM ?' .. rAjakumAra pAtrake isa prakAra sArapUrNa vaktavyako sunakara rAjA vizvasena cupa hogaye; parantu isa ghaTanAne unheM marmAhata banA diyA / vaha mana hI mana vilakhate huye netroMmeM hI AMsuoMko chupA le gaye / putra kA vivAha karanekI lAlasA kise nahIM hotI hai aura usa lAlasApara kahIM pAnI phira jAya to apAra duHkhakA anubhava kyoM nahIM hogA ? kintu rAnA vizvasena buddhimAna the| vaha kartavya akartavya aura hitAhitako jAnate the| pArzvanAthanIke mArmika

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bhagabAnakA dIkSAgrahaNa aura tapazcaraNa / [207 zabdoMkA unake pAsa koI samucita uttara nahIM thaa| unhoMne samajha liyA ki inake dvArA tInoM lokakA kalyANa honevAlA hai; isaliye inake paramArtha bhAvapara avalaMbita nizcayameM aDaMgA DAlanA vRthA hai / rAjakumAra pArzva isake uparAMta zrAvakoMke vratoMkA pAlana karate huye rahane lge| ___eka divasakI bAta hai ki vaha prasannacitta rAja-sabhAmeM baiThe huye the, usI samaya dvArapAlane Akara sUcanA dI ki ayodhyAke nareza rAjA jayasenakA dUta unake liye premopahAra lekara AyA hai aura sevAmeM upasthita honekI prArthanA kara rahA hai / dvArapAlakA yaha nivedana svIkRta huA aura usane rAja anumati pAkara dUtako sabhAmeM bheja diyA / dUtane praNAma karake jo kucha bheTa rAjA jayasenane bhenI thI vaha rAjakumArako najara kara dI / isa bheTameM bhagalIdezake sundara ghor3e Adi aneka vastuyeM thiiN| bheTakI ora nigAha pherate huye rAjakumAra pArzvane dUtase ayodhyA nagarakA pUrva mahatva varNana karaneko kahA / dUta to catura thA hI, usane bhagavAn RSabhadevase lagAkara usa samaya takakA samasta vRttAMta ayodhyAkA kaha sunAyA / tIrthaMkaroMke anupama kalyANakoMkA jikra bhI usane kiyaa| rAjakumArane dUtako puraskRta karake vidA kiyA; parantu usake cale jAnepara bhI vaha usake zabdoMko na bhulA sake / ayodhyAke vivaraNako sunakara unake hRdayameM vairAgyakI lahara umar3a pdd'ii| nAcIja dUtake bacana unake vairAgyakA kAraNa bana gaye / rAjakumAra pArzvanAthakA citta saMsArase virakta hogayA-unako saMsArakI saba vastueM niHsAra jaMcane lgiiN| unameM unako aba jarA

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208] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / mI mamatva na rahA ! sAMsArika sampatti aura viSayabhoga unako mahAduHkhadAyI bhAsane lge| viveka netroMke bala vaha unameM duHkha hI duHkha bharA dekhane lage! ve jJAnavAna the| tIna jJAnake dhArI janmase the-ve iMdriyananita viSaya-sukhoMke indrAyaNa sarIkhe asalI rUpako jAnate the ! phira bhalA unake liye yaha kaise sambhava thA ki vaha aura adhika samaya gRhastha avasthAmeM bane rahate ! viSase anabhijJa manuSya bhale hI viSa bhakSaNa kara le; parantu jo viSako jAnatA hai vaha usako kaise khA saktA hai ? rAjakumAra pArzvanAtha janmase hI nirmala samyagdarzanake jJAtA the-gRhastha dazAmeM bhI ve saMyamI jIvana vyatIta karaneke icchuka the, ve uttama mArgakA hI anusaraNa karanA jAnate the, isaliye unheM apane svarUpa rUpa mukti-dhAma pAnekI yojanA karanA prAkRta Avazyaka thii| vairAgyakA gAr3hA raMga unake manako sakhora kara degA, yaha sarvathA susaMgata thA / aneka doSoMke ghara svarUpa aura tyAjya viSayabhogoMse pIchA chur3A lenA aura paramArtha siddhike maga laga jAnA hI buddhimAnoMkA kArya hai| rAjakumAra pArzvanAthane socA ki jaba svargoke sukhoMse viSayatRSNAkI tRpti na huI, to aba manuSyapadameM usakI zAMti kyA hogI ? eka kavi yahI likhate haiM: 'jo sAgarake jalasetI, na bujhI tisanA tisa etii| so DAbha-anIke pAnI, pIvata aba kase jAnI ? iMdhanasauM Agi na dhApai, nadiyauM nahiM samApai / yoM bhoga viSai ati bhArI, tRpate na kabhI tana dhArI!" yahI vicAra karake rAjakumAra pArzvanAtha saMsArase bilkula

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bhagavAnakA dIkSAgrahaNa aura tpshcrnn| [209 virakta hogaye / ve anitya, azaraNa Adi bAraha bhAvanAoMkA citavana kara rahe the ki itane meM apane kartavya ke pare huye laukAMtika deva vahAMpara ApahuMce aura bhagavAna ke vairAgyakI sagahanA karane lge| kahane lage ki * puruSottama ! yadi apane jAtIya svabhAvake vazIbhUta hokara aura isa kAryako apanA kartavya samajhakara hama Apake nikaTa Aye haiM; paraMtu nAtha ! Apako prabuddha karane ko hamameM sAmarthya kahAM hai ? Apa svayaM vastuoMke kSaNabhaMgura vinAzIka svabhAvase paricita haiN| unase ApakA svayameva virakta honA koI acarajabharI bAta nahIM hai| trilokInAtha banane kA udyama karanA yaha Apake liye pahalese hI nirNIta hai / yaha to hamArI utAvalo hai, manako vyagratA hai jo hama Apako vairAgyaprAptimeM sahAyaka banane kA dama bharakara yahAM ApahuMce haiM / sacamuca hamArI yaha kriyA mUranako dIpaka dikhAneke samAna hai ! basa, caliye aura mahAvatoMko dhAraNa kIjiye / Apake isa divya kalyANakase hI hamArI AtmAoMko AnandakA AbhAsa milegaa|' itanI vinayake sAtha ve saba brahmalokako cale ge| idhara laukAMtika devoMkI isa binatIko sunakara bhagavAn vairAgyarasameM magna hogaye aura digambarI dIkSA dhAraNa karane kA dRr3ha nizcaya karane lge| isa paramocca bhAvake udaya hote hI saMsArameM phira eka daphe itanI prabala Ananda-lahara phaila gaI ki vaha vidyuta gatise bhI teja calakara saMsArake kone 2 meM bhagavAnke dIkSA kalyANakake samAcAra pahuMcA AI ! viziSTa puNya prakRtike prabhAvase mahAna puruSoMke nikaTa divya bAteM svameva hI hone lagatI haiM / bhagavAnke tapa dhAraNa karaneke samAcAra jAnakara devendra pulakita vadana hokara

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210]. . bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / caTa sarva hI deva devAMganAoM sahita banArasa nagarameM AyA aura bhagavAnakA aneka prakArase jayagAna karane lgaa| uparAMta saba devoMne milakara bhagavAn kA abhiSeka kiyA aura unheM divya vastrAbhUSaNoMse alaMkRta banAyA; ninako dhAraNa karake ve aise hI jAna par3ane lage ki mAnoM mokSarUpI kanyAko varaneke liye sAkSAt dRlhA hI hoM ! phira devendrane bhagavAnase nimnaprakAra prArthanA kI; yahI AcArya kahate haiM 'amaryAdavatAro'yaM paarorthkphlstv / kiM punastridivAdanyabhogAtizayahetavaH // nirvedastena devAyaM phalena pratimanyatAm / samunmIlyAstvayA caitAH satAmaMtAradRSTayaH / / ' 'he bhagavan ! devalokase jo ApakA avatAra huA hai, usakA 'phala para hitakA sampAdana karanA hai / isaliye svargase anya jitane bhara bhI bhoga haiM ve svargake bhogoMse adhika Apako acche nahIM laga sakte / dUsaroMkA hita sampAdana karanevAle Apa, viSaya bhogoMmeM nahIM phaMsa sakte / isaliye he bhagavan ! Apako jo vairAgya huA hai use saphala banAiye, digambarI dIkSA dhAraNa kIjiye aura kevalajJAna pAkara upadeza de bhavyanIvoM ke antaraMga netroM ko khola diijiye| (zrI pArzvanAthacaritra 40 381-382) indrane apane isa nivedanako pUrNa karate huye bhagavAnako apane hAthakA sahArA de diyaa| bhagavAnne indrake hAthako grahaNa karake caTa siMhApana chor3a diyA ? vahAM dera hI kisa bAtakI thI-vairAgya to pahale hI unako vahAMse uTha calaneko preraNA kara rahA thaa| bhagavAn to idhara tapa dhAraNa karanekA sAdhana karane lage aura udhara

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bhagavAnakA dIkSAgrahaNa aura tapazcaraNa / [ 211 raNavAsameM jaba yaha samAcAra pahuMce to inakI mAtA ekadama vihvala bana gaIM ! mAM kI mamatA eka sAtha hI umar3a par3I / 'hAya ! putra * nayanoMke tAre mujhe chor3akara kahAM jAte ho' aise hI aneka rItise vilApa karane lagIM / rAjA vizvasena bhI khinnacitta hogaye ! parantu prabuddha bhagavAnane inako AzvAsana baMdhAyA, mAtAko bar3e hI madhura zabdoM meM samajhAyA | unheM jagata ke vinAzIka padArthoMkA svarUpa - sujhAyA aura sAMsArika sambandhoMkI nissAratA jatalAI ! prabhuke upadezako sunakara - hitamita pUrNa bacanoMko grahaNa karake rAnI brahmadattAkA hRdaya zAMta huA / ' vaha jAna gaI ki unake mahAbhAgyavAna putrakA janma hI isI hetu huA hai aura ve isa avasthAmeM apaneko dhanya mAnane lagIM / mAtA - pitAko samucita rItise samajhA bujhA aura DhADhasa * aMdhAkara bhagavAn indrakI lAI huI vimalA nAmaka pAlakI meM baiThakara vanakI ora prasthAna kara gye| pahale naraloka ke bhUmigocarI aura vidyAdhara rAjAoMne kramase sAta2 paiMr3ha taka usa pAlakIko uThAyA aura phira samasta devasaMgha usako uThAkara le calA ! isa divya avasarapara AkAza devaduMdubhIke bajane se ghanaghora jhaMkAra se bhara gayA, deva kanyAyeM aneka prakArase nRtya karane lagIM aura cAroM ora se bhagavAna ke Upara puSpavRSTi hone lagI / Akhira bhagavAn nikaTake azvattha' nAmaka vana meM phuNce| yahAMpara indrakA izArA pAkara saba hI loga zAMta hogaye / bhagavAn pAlakI se utara Aye / zatru 6 1-zrI sakalakIrti, pAzvacarita sarga 16 zloka 130... aura pArzvapurANa pR0 119 / 2 - pArzvapurANa pR0 119 - pArzvacarita pR0 384 /

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212], bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / mitra aura tRNa-kaMcana sabameM samabhAva rakhakara unhoMne apane saba vastrAbhUSaNa utAra ddaale| itanemeM zacIne vahIMpara eka vaTavRkSake tale' sthita candrakAMta zilAko 'svastikA' se alaMkRta kara diyaa| bhagavAn pUrvakI ora mukha karake usI sphaTikamaNI pASANa zilApara birAna gae aura hAtha jor3akara ' namaH siddhebhyaH' kahakara unhoMne siddhoMko namaskAra kiyaa| phira bAhyAbhyaMtara parigrahako tanakara paMcamuSTi loMca kiyaa| isa prakAra digambara mudrAko dhAraNa karake ve dhyAnalIna hogye| naranArI aura devasamUha bhI bhagavAnakI abhivaMdanA karake apane2 sthAnoMko cale gye| usa digambara mudrAmeM bhagavAn bar3e hI sundara naMcane lage / kavi bhI yahI kahate haiM: 'sohai bhUSana vasana bina, jAtarUpa jinadeha / indra nIlamanikauM kidhauM, tejapuMja subha yeha // / poha prathama ekAdazI, prathama prahara zubha vAra / padmAsana zrI pArsajina, liyau mahAvrata bhAra // aura tInasai chatrapati, prabhu sAhasa aviloya / rAja chori saMyama dharayau, dukha dAvAnala-toya // taba sureza jinakeza suci, chIrasamuda pahuMcAya / kara thuti sAdha niyoga saba, gayau suraga surarAya // " bhagavAn vItarAgamayI dhyAna avasthAmeM lIna hogaye / tIna dina taka ve vahIM usI dhyAnamagna dazAmeM sthita rahe / unhoMne telA-upavAsa kara liyA ! muniyoMke aTThAIsa mUlaguNa aura caurA 1-pArzvapurANa pR0 119 / 2-caMdrakIrti AcArya-pArzvacarita a0 10 zlo. 113 / 3-pArzvacarita pR. 384 / 4-pArzvapurANa 120 /

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bhagavAnakA dIkSAgrahaNa aura tapazcaraNa / [ 213 sIlAkha uttara guNa una bhagavAnane dhAraNa kara liye / ve maune sahita yogasAdhana meM acala the / isI samaya unheM mana:paryaya jJAnakI prApti ho gaI thI / isake uparAnta ve nirmamatva, zAMtimudrA ke dhAraka, parama dayAvAna aura parama udAsa bhagavAn zarIrakI rakSA ke liye yoga nirodha kara khar3e hogaye aura dIkSAvanase eka orako vidhi sahita bhUmi zodhate huye calane lage aura kramakara gulmakheTa nAmaka nagara meM pahuMca gaye / vahAMke dharmodaye athavA dhanya nAmaka rAjAne unako bar3I bhakti se par3agAhakara - AmaMtrita karake zuddha: aura sarala AhAra karAyA thA, jisake puNyaprabhAvase usake rAjamaha meM devoMne paMcAzcarya kiye the / tIrthaMkara bhagavAnake samAna triloka pUjya paramotkRSTa uttama pAtrako nirvighna AhAradAna dekara usa rAjAne apanI kIrti tInoM kAlake liye tInoM loka meM phailAdI ! isa AhAradAna se svayaM rAjA dharmodaya apaneko saMsArase pAra pahuMcA samajhane lagA ! vaha thor3I dUra taka bhagavAnake sAtha gayA aura phira bhagavAna kI AjJA pAkara apane rAjamahalako lauTa AyA / bhagavAn vanameM jAkara tapazcaraNa meM lIna hogaye ! tapodhan bhagavAn pArzvanAtha vanameM Akara pratimAyogase durddhara tapa tapane lage aura dharmadhyAnameM magna rahane lge| usa samaya unakI parama pavitra zAMta mudrAke jo bhI darzana kara letA thA, vaha apane duHkha zoka saba hI bhUla jAtA thA, svabhAvataH vaha unake caraNoM meM natamastaka hojAtA thA ! parantu bhagavAna to paramocca uddezyakI 1 - pUrvavat aura pArzvacarita pR0 385 / 2 - pArzvacarita pR0 385 / 3 - harivaMzapurANa pR0 569 aura caMdrakIrti AcArya, pArzvacarita a0 12. zloka 13 /

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214] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / 'siddhimeM tanmaya the| unheM sivAya nijapada prApta karaneke aura kucha bhI dhyAna nahIM thA-ekacitta ho mauna dhAraNa kiye huye vaha usIko prApta karanekI ceSTAmeM prayatnazIla the| koI bhI bAdhAkaisA bhI pralobhana unheM unake iSTamArgase vicalita nahIM kara sakA thaa| ve eka vyavasthita aura niyamita DhaMgase Atmonnatike mArgameM paga bar3hA rahe the / vastu-svabhAvarUpa tatvoMkA cintavana karake aura indriyanigraha evaM vividha prakArakI tapa-kriyAyoM dvArA saMyamakA pAlana karate huye veha apanI AtmAko nirmala aura zuddharUpa paramazaktivAna banA rahe the| veha usa samaya aise pratibhASita hote the jaise kalloloMse rahita nistabdha nIla samudra hI ho athavA aDola sumerugirikI zikhira para nIlamaNikI suMdara pratimA hI birAnamAna hoN| unake cahuMora zAMtikA sAmrAjya phaila rahA thaa| sacamuca'varabhAva chADyau vana jIva, prIta paraspara kareM atIva / kehari Adi satAvai nAhiM, niviSa bhaye bhujaga vanamAMhi / / sIla sanAha sajau sucirUpa, uttaraguna Abharana anRpa / tapamaya dhanuSa dharayau nijapAna, tIna ratana ye tIkhatavAna / / samatAbhAva car3he jagazIsa, dhyAna kRpAna liyau kara Isa / cAritaraMgamahImeM dhIra, karmazatru vijayI varavIra // " isI avasthAmeM bhagavAna cAra mAsa taka rahe the aura uparAnta ve kAzaM ke nikaTa avasthita dIkSAvana meM pahuMca gaye the| kintu zvetAmbara saMpradAyake zrI bhAvadevamUri viracita 'pArzvacaritameM ' bhagavAnakA anya sthAnoMmeM pahuMcanekA bhI ullekha hai| vahAM bhagavAnakA pAraNA sthAna kopakaTaka sthAna batAyA gayA hai aura dhanyako

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bhagavAnakA dIkSAgrahaNa aura tapazcaraNa / [ 215 usa nagarakA eka gRhastha (Householder) likhA hai / yaha kopakaTaka nagara Aja kalakA dhanyakaTaka nagara anumAna kiyA gayA hai| isa nagara se prasthAna karake uparAnta unakA Agamana kAligirike nikaTa vAle kAdambarI vanameM honA likhA hai / vahAM ve kunda nAmaka sarovara ke taTapara eka jaina pratimAke nikaTa virAjamAna rahe the / isI avasarapara campAke karakaNDu nAmaka rAjAkA yahAM AnA aura bhagavAnakI vinaya karanA evaM devopanIta pratibimbake lie maMdira banavA denekA ullekha hai / isa kalikuNDase bhagavAnako zivapurIM pahuMcA batalAyA gayA hai; jahAMke 'kauzAmba' nAmaka vanameM ve kAyotsarga rUpa meM birAjamAna hue the / yahIMpara nAgarAja dharaNendrane Akara bhagavAnakI pUjA kI thI aura tIna dina taka unapara vaha chatra lagAye rahA thA, jisase yaha sthAna " ahicchatra ke nAma se vikhyAta huA thA yaha kahA gayA hai| yahAM se ve rAjapura pahuMce jahAMke rAjAko bhagavAna ke darzana karate hI apane pUrvabhava yAda Agae the / usane bhI bhagavAnakI vinaya kI thI aura jahAM para bhagavAna virAjamAna the, vahAMpara usane eka caitya banavA diyA thA jo kukkaTezvara nAmase prasiddha huA thA, yaha likhA hai / uparAnta bhagavAna anyatra vicarate batAye gae haiM aura isI antarAlameM kamaThake jIvakA unapara upasarga honA kahA hai aura phira unako kAzI dIkSAvanameM pahuMcA batalAyA hai| digambara jainazAstroM meM yaha varNana nahIM hai aura kamaThake jIvakA dIkSAvana meM upasarga karanA likhA hai / astu, isaprakAra hama bhagavAna ke dIkSA grahaNa karane ke avasara aura tapazcaraNa karanekA digdarzana kara lete haiM / 1- baMgAla, bihAra, or3IsA jaina smArka pR0 79 / pArzva0 sarga 6 zloka 120-214 / -- 2- bhAvadevasUri

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wwwwwwwwwwww 216] . bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / (14) mulaanggaali jbii smbr'uunthe ! "bRhatphaNAmaNDalamaNDapena yaM sphurattaDipiGgarucopasargiNam / jugUha nAgo dharaNo dharAdharaM virAgasandhyAtaDidambudo yathA // svayoganistriMzanizAtadhArayA nizAsa yo durjayamohavidviSam / avApadArhansamacintyamadabhutaM trilokapUjAtizayAspadaM padam // -zrI samantabhadrAcAryaH / __banArasake azvattha vanameM digambaramudrA dhAraNa kiye parama dhIra vIra aura gambhIra munirAnoMke indra sundara subhaga nIlavarNake zarIrako dhAraNa kiye hue kAyotsarga Amanase birAjamAna haiM ! na kisI jIvase rAga hai aura na kisIse dveSa hai| apanI zuddhAtmAke dhyAnameM ve lIna haiM / kintu yaha kyA ? ina munIMdrakI zAMtimudrAkA drohI kauna bana gayA ? kisane yaha parvatoMkA prahAra karanA inapara zurU kara diyA ? are, yahAM to tUphAna hI parpA hogayA ! pracaMDa AMdhI cala par3I / bar3e2 vizAla per3a ukhar3a2 kA ina prabhuke Upara girane lage ! vijaliyAM camakane lagI-vajagata hote dikhAI par3ane lge| na jAne usa zAMtamaya bAtAraNameM yaha kolAhala kahAMse khar3A hogayA? kintu jarA dekho to isa mahA bhayAnaka dazAmeM bhI ve munirAja pUrvavat dhyAnamagna haiM-ve apanI yoga samAdhise jarA bhI vicalita nahIM hue haiN| ve jyoMke tyoM nIla indramaNikI manamohanIya pratimAkI bhAMti vaise hI khar3e huye haiM ! .. pAThaka ! jarA saMbhaliye, idhara dekhiye, yaha vikrAlarUpa dhAraNa kiye hue kauna ArahA hai ? krodhake AvezameM isake netra lAla ho

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jJAna prApti aura dharma pracAra / [ 217 rahe haiM / mukha krUratAko dhAraNa kiye huye haiM aura zarIra bhayAnaka - tA ko liye huye hai / yaha dITha puruSa munirAja ke samakSa Akara garaja rahA hai / vaha kaha rahA hai ki re muni! maiMne tujhase yahAMse cale jAneko kahA. para tU apane pAkhaNDake ghamaNDa meM kucha samajhatA hI nahIM hai| para yAda rakha mune ! merA nAma zevaradeva nahIM jo maiM tujhe tere isa haThAgraha ke lie acchI taraha na chakA DhUM ! na mAlUma tujhe mere vimAnako roka rakhanemeM kyA Ananda milatA hai| mune ! aba bhI mAna jAo aura mere vimAnake mArgako chor3a do / ' kintu isa devake ina bacanoM kA kucha bhI uttara una munirAjase na milA, ve zabda unake kAnoM taka pahuMce hI nhiiN| una munirAjakA upayoga to apane AtmAke nijarUpa cintavanameM laga rahA thA / unakA ina bAhya ghaTanAoMse sambandha hI kyA ? zevaradevakA garjanA korA araNyarodana thA / usakI dhRSTatA una zAMta munirAjakA kucha na bigAr3a sakI thI / yaha dekhakara vaha bilakula hI AgababUlA hogayA / usake netroMse agnikI jvAlAyeM nikalane lagIM aura vaha bar3I bhayaMkaratA se una munigajapara ghora upasarga karane lagA / aneka siMhoM aura pizAcoM kA rUpa banAra kara vaha una munirAjako trAsa dene lagA / kabhI gahana jala varasAne lagA, kabhI zastroMkA prahAra unapara karane lagA aura kabhI agniko cahuMora prajvalita karane lagA ! yaha zaMvaradeva eka pUrvabhavaneM kamaTha nAmaka dvijaputra thA aura munirAja bhagavAn pArzvanAthake atirikta aura koI nahIM haiN| zaMbarake kamaThavAle bhavameM bhagavAna usake bhAI the aura tabahI se inakA

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218 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | ApasI vaira calA ArahA hai, yaha pAThakagaNa bhUle na hoMge / usI pUrva vairake vazIbhUta hokara jaba yaha kamaThakA jIva saMvara jyotiSIdeva apane vimAna meM baiThA huA azvattha vanameMse jArahA thA, taba munirAjake Upara niyamAnusAra vimAnake ruka jAnese vaha apanA pUrva vaira cukAne ke liye uparokta prakAra bhagavAnapara ghora upamarga karane lagA thA | IsAkI prAraMbhika zatAbdiyoM meM huye mahAn vidvAn zrI samaMtabhadrAcAryajI isa ghaTanA kA ullekha ina zabdoM meM karate haiM ki"upasarga yukta jo pArzvanAtha haiM unako dharaNendra nAmake sarparAja apane pIlI vijalIkI bhAMti camakate huye kAMtivAn phaNa samUhase veSTita kiyA hai ( arthAt upana dUra kiyA hai ) - jisa prakAra mAno saMdhyAkI lAlimA naSTa ho jAnepara usameM jo pIta vidyutase milA huA pItamegha parvatako AcchAdita karatA hai / " ( bRhad svayaMbhU stotra 80 71 ) pApAcArI duSTa saMvarakI duSTAkA patA jaba dharaNendrako lagA to vaha zIghra hI apanI devI padmAvatI sahita vahAM Aye / jinake pratApase ve nAga-nAginI bhavase deva - devI huye, unako vaha kaise bhulA sakte the ? ve phaurana hI bhagavAnakI sevAmeM Akara upasthita huye the / unhoMne bhagavAnko namaskAra kiyA aura maNiyoMse maMDita apanA phaNa unake Upara phailA diyA / padmAvatIdevIne unapara sapheda chatra lagAyA thaa| isI kA ullekha zrI samantabhadrAcAryajIne kiyA hai| eka anya AcArya bhI dharaNendrake isa sevAbhAva ke viSaya meM kahate haiM ki' asamAlocayanneva jinasvAjapyatAM paraiH / 1 cakre tasyorago rakSAmIdakSA hi kRtajJatA // 80 //

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jJAnaprApti aura dharma pracAra | [ 219 " bhagavAna jinendra ajayya haiM / dUsaroMse jIte nahIM jA sakate isa bAta kA vicAra na kara dharaNendra unakI rakSA ke liye pravRtta hogayA / kRtajJatA isIkA nAma hai / " (pA0 ca0 pR0 394) duSTa saMvara unake Anepara aura bhI bhayAnakatAse upasarga karane lagA, jisase banake mRga Adi jaMtu bhI burI taraha vyAkula hone lage / para vaha apane vikaTa bhAvako pUrI taraha kArya rUpameM pariNata karane meM jarA bhI zithila na huaa| pahalekI taraha upasarga karane meM vaha tulA hI rahA / kavi kahate haiM : ---- 'kilakilaMta betAla, kAla kajjala chavi sajjahiM / bhauM karAla vikarAla bhAla madagaja jimi gajjahiM / / muMDamAla gala dharahiM, lAla loyanani DarahiM jana / mukha phuliMga phuMkarahiM, karahiM nirdaya dhuni hana hana // ihi vidha aneka durbheSadhAri, kamaThajIva upasarga kiya / tihu~lokacaMda jinacaMdra prati, dhUli DAla nijasIsa liya / / " sacamuca saMvara devane una jinendracaMdra bhagavAna para upasarga karake candramA para maTTI pheMkanekA hI kArya kiyA thA ! vaha upasarga una bhagavAnakA kucha bhI na bigAr3a sakA; pratyuta unake dhyAnako ekAgra banAneneM hI sahAyaka huA; parantu usa saMvaradevane avazya hI apane AtmAke liye kAMTe boliye- vRthA hI pApa saMcaya kara liyA ! bhagavAna upasarga dazAmeM aura bhI dRr3hatApUrvaka samAdhilIna rahe / vAstavameM manISI puruSa bhayAnaka upadravake hote huye bhI apane iSTapatha se vicalita nahIM hote haiN| anekoM ghora saMkaTa unake magameM khar3e par3e hoM, para ve unakA kucha bhI nahIM bigAr3a sakte haiM / phira |

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220] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / bhalA tIrthaGkara bhagavAnakA vicalita honA bilkula asaMbhava thA ! pratyuta isa parIkSA samayapara-ghora upasarga dazAmeM bhI apane dhyAnako itanA prabala banAnemeM ve saphala huye the ki isI samaya unako kevalajJAna-sarvajJatAkI prApti hogaI thI ! saMvara devake bhayAnaka saMkaTamaya kRtya unake liye phUlamAla huye the| ve trilokyapUjya arhatpada-tIrthaMkara avasthAko prApta huye the / zuddha, buddha-jIvanmukta paramAtmA bana gaye the / zrIsamaMtabhadrAcAryajI kahate haiM ki "bhagavAna pArzvanAthane durjaya moha zatruko parama zukla dhyAnarUpa khaDgakI tIkSNa dhArase mArakarake acintanIya adbhuta guNoMyukta sthAna2 para tIna lokakI punAkA atizaya AdhAra, aisA jo "Arhantya" pada hai usako prApta kiyaa| arthAta upasarga dUra honeke pazcAt antarmuhUrta meM hI moha karmako nAzakara kevalajJAna lakSaNarUpa arhanta avasthA unheM prApta hogii|" (bR. svaM0 stotra 10 71) yaha caitra kRSNa caturdazIkA pavitra dina thA / pamaya dopaharase kucha pahalekA thaa| isI samaya pArzvanAtha bhagavAna tIrthakarapadako prApta huye the, svayaM buddha paramAtmA hogaye the| carAcara vastu tInoM lokakI unake jJAna netroMmeM spaSTa pratibhASita hone lagI thii| ananta darzana, anaMtajJAna, anaMtasukha aura anaMtavIryakI apUrva nidhi unako prApta ho gaI thii| unakA divya audArika zarIra aisA camakane lagA thA mAno sahasra sUrya-razmikA hI prakAza ho! duHkha, zoka, kSudhA, tRSA, rAga, dveSa Adi saba hI mAnavI kamajoriyoM ko unhoMne parAsta kara diyA thaa| ve aba unake nikaTa phaTakane bhI nahIM pAtI thIM / ve sazarIrI jIvita paramAtmA hogaye the

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[ 221 jJAnaprApti aura dharma pracAra / aura unake isa paramapada prApta karanekA utsava manAne indra va deva devAMganAyeM phira Aye the / AcArya kahate haiM ki -- tataH praghoSaM jayakAratUryedivaukasAM ullasitaM samaMtAt / niramya nirmucyarUpaM tadaiva vabhUva zatruH sa ca kAMdizIkaH // arthAt - ' kevalajJAnake pragaTa hote hI devoMkA bar3e jora se jaya jayakAra zabda hone lagA jise sunate hI bhUtAnaMda ( saMvara) kA sa ekadama zAMta hogayA aura vaha ekadama avAk raha gayA ! ' aura apaneko azaraNa jAnakara bhagavAnakI zaraNa meM AyA ! use vahIM zAMtikA lAbha huA / use hI kyA, sAre saMsArako isa divya avasara para AnaMdarasakA AsvAda mila gayA thA / 'prakaTI kevala ravikirana jAma, pariphUlyo tribhuvana kamala tAma / AkAsa amala dIse anUpa, disi - vidisi bhaI saba kamalarUpa // devoMne Akara bhagavAnakA kevalajJAna pUjana kiyA aura bar3e ThATha se bhagavAnakA samozaraNa - sabhAbhavana raca diyA / mAnastaMbha, pIThikA, Adikara saMyukta divyamaNiyoM kA banA huA vaha samavasaraNa tIna lokakI saMpadAko bhI lajjita kara rahA thA / bhagavAna ke sundara samozaraNako dekhakara pAkhaMDI logoM ko yaha bhaya hotA thA ki yahAM koI indrajAlakI mAyA phailA rahA hai / paraMtu bhagavAnake nikaTa Ane se yaha saba mithyA dhAraNAyeM dUra bhAga jAtIM thIM / samavazara isa ke ThIka madhya meM uttamottama padArthoM se banI huI bhagavAnakI gaMdhakuTI thii| isake bIco bIcameM 'udayAcala parvatakI zikhirake samAna siMhoM se cihnita, maNimayI siMhAsanapara virAjamAna parama tejasvI bhagavAna usa samaya namrIbhUta devoMko aise jAna par3ate the mAno ye

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222] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / sAkSAt sUrya haiM / ' unapara tIna chatra laga rahe the aura yakSendra caMvara DhAla rahe the| vahAM maMdara pavana cala rahA thA aura samavazaraNake. bAraha koThoMmeM alaga 2 muni-AryikA, deva-devAMganA, zrAvakazrAvikA, pazu-pakSI Adi bhavyajana baiThe huye apUrva zobhAko prApta ho rahe the / jinendra bhagavAnake prabhAvase samavazaraNakI bhUmi nirdoSa hogaI thii| vahAM usa samaya kisIke pariNAmoMmeM kisI tarahakA bhI doSa nahIM thaa| saba hI jIva sAmyabhAvase vahAM virAjamAna the| Atma-balakA pratyakSa sAmrAjya vahAM phaila rahA thA / AcArya kahate haiM ki isI samaya bhagavAnake pramukha ziSya svayaMbhU nAmaka gaNadhara bhagavAna unake nikaTa Akara unakA stavana bar3e bhaktibhAvase karane lage the, yathAdevastadA gaNadharaH prathamaM svayaMbhU rdevAdhidevamupaDhaukya kRtapraNAmaH / AnamramaulikatayA sthitimatsu pazcA diMdreSu vastugaNane hitamanvayuktaM // arthAt-"prathama gaNadhara svayaMbhU devAdhideva bhagavAn jineMdrake pAsa Aye / bhaktipUrvaka namaskAra karake unake samIpameM baiTha gaye tathA apane pIche mastaka namAkara indroMke baiTha jAnepara unhoMne padArtho ke vicArameM citta lagAyA aura ve isa prakAra bhagavAn jineMdrakI stuti karane lge|" ityAyanekanayavAdanigUDhatattvaM, jIvAdivastu khalu mAtmadRzAmabhUmiH / vaM vizvacakSurasi deva tava prasAdAta, sannirNayostu sulabhaH svymsmdaathaiH||

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jJAnaprApti aura dharma pracAra / [ 223 arthAta- 'aneka nayavAdoM se jisakA svarUpa chipA huA hai aise jIva ajIva Adi padArtha Apa sarIkhe mahAnubhAvoMke jJAnake agocara nahIM / yathArtha rUpase Apako unake svarUpakA jJAna hai / Apa vizvacakSu sarvajJa haiM / bhagavan! ApakI kRpAse hameM unakA nirNaya sulabha rIti se ho sakegA / ' ( pA0 ca0 pR0 406 -407) / prathama gaNadhara svayaMbhU ke isa prakAra nivedana karane para meghakI * garjanA ke samAna bhagavAnakI divyadhvani khirane lagI / usameM vastu svarUpameM anupama padArthoMkA nirNaya hone lagA aura saptabhaMgI namakara paripUrNa paramopAdeya upadeza huaa| isa divya upadezako saba hI jIva apanI2 bhASAmeM samajhane lage, yaha zAstroM meM likhA huA hai / jinendra bhagavAnake mukhase yathAvat tatvoMkA svarUpa jAnakara saba hI bhavyajIva Anandamagna hogaye / isI samaya bhagavAnakA jisase aneka pUrvabhavoM se vaira calA ArahA thA vaha bhUtAnaMda saMvara nAmaka deva bhagavAnake nikaTa hIna garva hokara apane vairako bhulA sakA ! use parama sukhakara samyagdarzanakI prApti hogaI / gharaNendra aura padmAvatI bhagavAna ke zAsana rakSaka devatA mAne jAne lage aura dharaNendra ke sambandha meM bhagavAnane kahA thA ki vaha mokSa jAyagA / - isa bhaviSya sandezako sunakara upasthita prANiyoM ke hRdaya praphullita hogaye the / vaha bhI bhagavAnake nikaTa se vinayapUrvaka yathAzakti cAritra niyamoMko gRhaNa karane lage the| AcArya kahate haiM ki:--- ' tathA dhamrmopadezena sabhAsatra jinAdhirAT / pArzvaH pralhAdayAmAsa caMdraH kairaviNImiva // 18 // sabhAsInA janAH kecitpItvA tadvacanAmRte /

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. 224] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / babhUva graMthanirmuktAH kAlalabdhA praNeditA // 19 // anUna lalanAH kAzciddhama' zrutvA jinoditaM / babhUvuzcAyikAdhIza sarvasaMgavivajjitAH // 20 // jagRhuH zrAvakAcAraM tatraikecinnRpAdayaH / lokAH prasannabhAvena pItAdvAk sudhArasA // 21 // 28 // " jinarAja pArzva bhagavAnake vacanAmRtoMko pIkara sabhAmadhya sthita prANiyoMmeMse kitane hIne to sarva parigrahakA tyAga karake nigraMtha munikA cAritra dhAraNa kara liyA, kinhIM lalanAoMne usa jina praNIta kalyANakArI dharmako sunakara saMsArI parijanakA sambaMdha tyAga diyA aura ve AryikA hogaI aura bahutere rAjAoMne zrAvakake vratoMko gRhaNa kara liyA ! tathApi jo kisI prakArake bhI vratoMko dhAraNa karanemeM asamartha the vaha bhagavAnke vacanoMko prasannacitta hokara sunane lage / sArAMzataH pratyeka upasthita prANIko bhagavAnke sadupadezase lAbha huA thA / vaha praphulla vadana unake guNoMmeM lIna thA / brahmacarya aura ahiMsAkA bhAva bhagavAnne svayaM apane cAritrase pragaTa kara diyA thA, jisakI usa samaya bar3I bhArI bhAvazyaktA thii| isI kAraNa unakI prakhyAti sarva lokameM "janapriya" ( Peoples' Favourite ) ke nAmase hogaI thI ! sacamuca ke bhamavAn janapriya hI nahIM the, balki 'prANI mAtrake priya' the / unhoMne vizvAtmaka jJAnako ( Cosmic Consciousness ) pAliyA thaa| unameM vizvapremake sAkSAt darzana hote the ! 1. zrI caMdrakI,cArya praNIta pArzvacarita sarga 28.. 2. kalpasUtra (S BE) pR. 249.

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jJAnaprApti aura dharma prcaar| [225 vizvAtmaka jJAna aura vizvapremake AgAra bhagavAn pArzvanAthakA jaba sarva prathama divya upadeza banArasake nikaTa avasthita vanameM huA to unakA yaza digantavyApI hogayA / ve bhagavAn jo kucha kahate the vaha prAkRta rUpameM kahate the| vahAM rAgadveSako sthAna prApta nahIM thaa| unakI kriyAyeM bhI prAkRtarUpa nirapekSa bhAvase hotI thiiN| isI anurUpa sarva lokoMkA kalyANa karaneke liye unakA vihAra bhI AryakhaMDa meM huA thA / eka tIrthaMkarake liye yatra-tatra bhramaNa karake saMsArake duHkhoMse chaTa paTAte huye jIvoMko dharmakA sukhakara pIyUSa pilAnA Avazyaka hotA hai| yaha unakI tIrthakara prakRtikA prakaTa prabhAva hai / isI anurupa bhagavAna pArzvanAthakA bhI pavitra vihAra aura dharmapracAra samasta AryakhaMDameM huA thaa| zrI vAdirAjasUri bhI yahI kahate haiM:devastu dharmamamRtaM varabhavyazasyaiH, saMgrAhayana pravijahAra vidhAya jiSNuH / svAbhAvikaH khalu raveH kamalArabodhI, dikSu bhramassa na vicArapathopasI // 44 // arthAt-'jisa prakAra kamaloMke khilAnevAlA; dizAoMmeM sUryakA bhramaNa svabhAvase hI hotA hai usake vaise bhramaNameM vicAra karanekI jarUrata nahIM par3atI usI prakAra jayazIla bhagavAn jinendrakA bhI bhavya jIvarUpI dhAnyoMke liye dharmAmRta varSAnevAlA vihAra svabhAvase hI hone lagA / Aja yahAM to kala vahAM vihAra karanA cAhiye isa prakAra icchA pUrvaka unakA vihAra na thA / ' (pA. ca0 40 416)

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226 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | isa vihAra meM bhagavAn binA kisI bheda bhAvake saba hI jIvoMko samAna rUpase dharmAmRta kA pAna karAte the / unakA vihAra devopanIta samavazaraNakI vibhUti sahita hotA thA / jahAM jahAM bhagavAna pahuMca jAte the vahAM vahAM indrakI AjJAse kuvera samavazaraNa kI racanA kara detA thA / jaina zAstroM kA kahanA hai ki tIrthaMkara bhagavAnakA prasthAna sAdhAraNa manuSyoMkI taraha nahIM hotA hai / unake nikaTase azubha rUpa cAra ghAtiyA karmoMkA abhAva hogayA thA / isaliye unakA parama audArika zarIra itanA pavitra aura hamavajana hogayA thA ki vaha pRthvI se Upara banA rahatA thA / usake liye pRthvIkA sahArA lene kI AvazyaktA nahIM rahI thii| isameM Azcarya karaneke lie bahuta kama sthAna hai; kyoM ke yogasAdhanake bala kiMcit kAlake liye chadamastha manuSya bhI adhara AkAzameM tiSThate batalAye gaye haiM / phira jo mahApuruSa sAkSAt yogarUpa hogayA hai, usake liye AkAza hI Asana hojAya to kucha bhI acarajakI bAta nahIM hai / yogazAstroMke pAraMgata vidvAn isa kriyAmeM kucha bhI alaukikatA nahIM pAyeMge / vAstameM isameM koI alaukikatA hai bhI nahIM; yadyapi yaha ThIka hai ki Ajakala aise yogI puruSoMke darzana pA lenA yahI nahIM yoga zAstroM meM batAye huye sAmAnya niyamoM ke pAlana meM pANDityaprApta manuSya hI muzkila se dekhane meM milate haiM / isaliye Ajakala ke loga ina bAtoMkI ginatI 'karizmo' athavA 'alaukika' -bAtoM meM karane lagate haiM aura aisI bAteM unake gale ke nIce sahasA nahIM utaratI haiM ! kintu vaha bhUlate haiM aura AtmAkI anantazakti meM apanA avizvAsa prakaTa karate haiM / AtmAmeM saba kucha kara asaMbhava hogayA hai / I

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[ 227 jJAnamAmi aura dharma pracAra | sakanekI mahodhazakti vidyamAna hai| usake liye koI kArya kaThina paramAtmapadako prApta alaukikatA nahIM 2 sahArA liye vinA 1 nahIM hai / astu AtmA ke svAbhAvika rUpa * huye bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke liye isameM kucha bhI thI ki vaha divya dehake dhAraka the, pRthvIkA hI adhara gamana karate the aura siMhAsanapara aMtarIkSa virAjamAna hokara meghagarjanakI bhAMti dharmopadeza dete the, jise haraeka prANI apanI 2 bhASA meM samajha letA thA / yadi ina bAtoMko alaukika mAna liyA jAya aura isa kAraNa svayaM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha manuSyoMse vilaga koI lokottara vyakti mAna liye jAMya, to unase hamArA kyA matalaba saMgha saktA hai ? hama manuSya haiM / hamArA pathapradarzaka bhI manuSya honA cAhiye / jainI karIba DhAI hajAra varSo se ina pArzvanAtha bhagavAna ko apanA mArga-darzaka pUjyanetA mAnate Aye haiM aura vaha inako eka hama Apa jaisA manuSya hI batalAte haiM / - isaliye unake viSaya meM alaukikatAkA anumAna karanA vRthA hai / vaha hamAre samAna manuSya hI the; parantu vaha apane kitane hI pUrva bhavoMse aise sadprayatna karate cale A rahe the ki unakI AtmA vizeSatara apane nijI guNoM ko prApta karane meM saphala huI thI aura unake bhAgya meM puNya prakRtiyoMkI hI adhikatA thii| isI kAraNa apane isa tIrthaMkara bhavameM vaha janmase hI itara manuSyoM se prAyaH - apanI saba hI kriyAyoM meM vilakSaNatA rakhate the / mahApuruSoMke liye sacamuca yaha vilakSaNatA svAbhAvika hai / vaha nirmita karate haiM / sAdhAraNa janatAke pITe huye - lenA jarUrI nahIM samajhate / isIliye yaha kahA gayA hai ki apanA mArga svayaM 1 rAste kA sahArA

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228 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / 'honahAra viravAnake hota cIkane pAta' aura 'mahAjanAH yena gatAH sA panthAH / ' astu; bhagavAn pArzvanAtha hamAre liye pUrNatAke eka anukaraNIya aura anupama Adarza haiN| unhoMne apane amalI jIvanase usa samayakI janatAko apane dharmopadezakI sArthakatA' spaSTa kara dI thii| ve grAma-grAma aura kher3e-khar3emeM pahuMcakara dharmakA prAkRta svarUpa saba hI jIvita prANiyoMko samajhAte the / unake nikaTa koI khAsa manuSya samudAya hI kevala dharma dhAraNa karanekA adhikArI nahIM thaa| unhoMne usa samayakI pragatike viruddha saba hI zreNiyoMke manuSyoMko dharmArAdhana karanekA adhikArI batAyA thA / UMca nIcakA bheda logoMmeMse haTA diyA thA ! pratyeka hRdayameM svAdhInatAkI pavitra jyoti jagamagA dI thI ! unhoMne spaSTa kaha diyA thA ki parAzrita hokara-dUsaroM ke muhatAja banakara tumako kucha nahIM mila saktA ! yadi tuma Atma-svAtaMtryako pAneke icchuka hosvAdhInatAke utkaTa punArI ho to dRr3hatA pUrvaka saMyamI banakara apane pairoMpara khar3A honA siikho| tumahI apane prayatnoMse apaneko svAdhIna aura sukhI banA sakoge ! unakA yaha prAkRta upadeza hara samaya aura hara paristhitike manuSyoMke liye parama hitakara hai / yaha eka niyamita sUtra hai jo tIna loka aura tIna kAla meM samAna rUpase lAgU hai / bhagavAna pArzvanAtha apane isa divyasaMdezako prAkRtarUpameM digantavyApI banAte hue samasta AryakhaMDameM vicare the| zrI sakalakIrti AcArya unake vihArakA vivaraNa isa prakAra likhate haiM: 'jinabhAnUdaye saMcaraMti sAdhu muniishvraaH| . tadAkuliMgino maMdA nazyati taskarA iva // 17 //

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jJAnaprApti aura dharma pracAra / [229 kurukauzalakAzI muhyAvaMtI puMDra mAlavAn / aMga baMga kaliMgAkhya paMcAlamagadhAbhidhAna ! 18 / / vidarbhabhadradezAkhya darzarNodIna bahUnjinaH / vihAramahAbhUtyA sanmArga dezinodyataH // 19 // 23 // arthAt-jinendrarUpI bhAnuke udaya honese sAdhu munIzvaroMkA saMcAra hogayA aura kuliMgI jaTila Adi pAkhaMDa rUpa aMdhakArakA usI taraha nAza hogayA jaise coroMkA hojAtA hai| phira bhagavAnkA pavitra vihAra kuru, kauzala, kAzI, avaMtI, puMDU, mAlavA, aMga, baMga, kaliMga, paMcAla, magadha, vidarbha, bhadra, darzArNa Adi dezoMmeM mahAvibhUtike sAtha hogayA thA / yaha sAre hI deza Ajakala isI bhAratake antargata mila jAte haiM / isI taraha eka anya AcArya bhagavAnke vihArameM Akara pavitra huye dezoMkA ullekha eka dUsare rUpameM yUM karate haiM: 'tatvabhedapradAnena zrImatpArzvaprabhurmahAn / janAn kauzaladezIyAna kuzalAn saMvyadhyadbhaza // 76 // bhiMdana mithyAtamogADhaM divydhvniprdiipkaiH| kAzIya dezIyakokAna sa cakre saMyamatatparAna // 77 // zrImanmAlavadezIya bhavyalokasucAtakAna / dezanArasadhArAbhiH prINayAbhAsa tIrtharAT // 78 // avatIyAn janAn sarvAna mithyAtvAnalatApitAn / rayAnirvApayAmAsa pArzvacaMdrAmRtaiH // 79 // gaurjarANAM janAnAM hi pArzvasamrAT jiteNdriyH| mithyAtvaM jarjaraMcakre sadvacaH shstrghaatnaiH|| 80 //

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230] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / mahAvratadharAn kAzcinmahArASTra janAn vyadhAn / dIkSopadezadAnena pArzvakalpadrumastahA // 81 // pArzvabhaTTAraka zrImAn paadnyaasevihaartH| sarvAna saurASTra lokAzca pavitrAn cidradhemazaM // 82 // aMge vaMge kaliMge'tha karNATe kokaNe tathA / medapAdaM tathA lATe liMtige drAviDe tathA / / 83 // kAzmIre magadhe kacche vidarbha ca dazAke / paMcAle pallave vatse parAbhIre manohare // 84 // isAyakhaMDa dezeSu vykriinnaatsmhaadhnii| darzanajhAnacAritraratnAnmevotayAnyalaM // 85 // 15 // " bhAvArtha-tatva bhedako pradAna karaneke liye mahAn prabhU zrI pArzva bhagavAnane kauzala dezake kuzala puruSoMmeM vihAra kiyA aura apanI divyadhyanirUpa pradIpase gAr3ha mithyAtamakI dhijjiyAM ur3A dii| phira saMyamameM tatpara kAzI dezake manuSyoMmeM dharmacakrakA prabhAva phailaayaa| zrI mAlavadezake nivAsI bhavyaloka rUpa cAtakoMne bhI tIrtharATke dharmAmRtakA pAna kiyA thA / avaMtIdeza jo mithyAnalase tapta thA lo pArzvarUpI caMdrake amRtako pAkara zAMta hogayA thA / gaurnara dezameM bhI jitendriya pArzvasamrATake sadvacanoMke prabhAvase mithyAtva bilakula jarnarita hogayA thaa| mahArASTra dezavAsiyoMmeM anekoMne pArzva bhagavAnase dIkSA grahaNakI thii| sarva saurASTra dezameM bhI pArzvabhaTTArakakA vihAra huA thA, jisase vahAM ke loga pavitra hogae the| aMga, baMga, kaliMga, karnATaka, kauMkana, medapAda (mevAr3a) 1-pArzvanAthacarita saMga 15 /

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jJAnaprAti aura dharma pracAra / [231 lATa, drAvir3a, kAzmIra, magadha, kaccha, vidarbha, zAka, paMcAla, pallava, vatsa ityAdi AryakhaMDake dezoMmeM bhI bhagavAnke upadezase samyagdazana, jJAna, cAritra ratnoMkI abhivRddhi huI thii| isa varNanameM Aye hue deza bhI vizeSakara Ajakalake bhAratameM hI garbhita haiM kintu pUrvo khase isameM karNATaka, kauMkaNa, medapAda, drAvir3a, kAzmora, zAka aura pallava dezoMkI adhika gaNanA kI gaI hai / karNATaka aura pauMkaNa, drAvir3a aura pallava deza to dakSiNa bhAratameM AjAte haiM / medapAda-meda athavA mer3alogoMkA nivAsasthAna AjakalakA rAjaputAnA hai| yahAMpara binauliyA pArzvanAtha nAmaka atizaya jainatIrtha Aja bhI mevAr3a riyAsatake aMtargata vidyamAna hai / yaha sthAna bhagavAna pArzvanAthake samavazaraNake Aneke kAraNa hI atizayakSetrameM parigaNita kiyA gayA hai| kAzmIra AjakalakA kAzmIra hI ho saktA hai / yahAM bhI usa prAcIna kalameM jainadharmakA pracAra huA jainazAstroMse prakaTa hotA hai / sikandara Ajama ke aura uparAnta cInI yAtriyoM ke jamAne meM jaba uttara pazcimIya sImAprAntameM evaM svayaM aphagAnistAnameM vizAla di0 jaina muni milate the to yaha bilakula saMbhava hai ki kAzmIrameM bhI unakI gati rahI ho! prAkRta yaha ThIka nahIM mAlUma detA ki sImAprAnta aura madradeza ( madri-paMjAba ) meM jainadharmakA bAhulya rahate huye kAzmIra usase achUtA baca gayA ho / agAr3I zAka dezakA ullekha hai / isase 1-rAjapUtAnekA itihAsa bhAga 1 pR02.| 2-jarnala Apha dI rAyalaaiziyATika sosAiTI, janavarI san 1855 / 3-kaninghama, ai0 jAga. Apha inDiyA pR. 617 //

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232] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / .. spaSTa nahIM hai ki kisa zAkadezakA bhAva yahAMpara iSTa hai ? bhAratameM ma0 buddhakA vaMza 'zAkya ' nAmase prasiddha hai aura unakA deza bhI 'zAkyabhUmi' se paricita hai / saMbhava hai, bhagavAna pArzvakA vihAra yahIMpara huA ho| yaha pradeza nepAlako tarAImeM thA aura nepAlakI kathAnakase bhI aisA prakaTa hotA hai ki bhagavAna pArzvakA Agamana vahAM huA thA / usameM kahA gayA hai ki kAzyapa buddha banArasase Aye the aura svayaMbhU maMdirameM rahakara unane upadeza diyA thaa| phira vaha gaur3a deza (baMgAla) ko cale gae the| vahAMke pracaNDa deva nAmaka rAjAne unako piNDapAtra diyA thaa| buddhane unase svayaMbhUkSetra ( nepAla ) jAneko kahA thaa| so vaha apanA rAjya apane putra zaktidevako dekara bhikSu hogayA thA aura zAstrAdhyayana karane lagA thA / uparAMta vaha nepAla gayA aura zAMtikara nAmase paricita huaa| yahAM bhagavAna pArzvanAthakA ullekha gotrarUpa ( kAzyapa ) meM kiyA gayA hai| unakA banArasase AnA aura baMgAlako jAnA spaSTa kara detA hai ki sacamuca kAzyapa buddha bhagavAna pArzvanAtha hI hoMge; kyoMki bhagavAnane dharmopadeza banArasase hI denA prArambha kiyA thA aura ve baMgAlameM bhI gaye the, yaha pragaTa hai / AjakalakI khojase yaha pramANita huA hai ki zrI pArzvanAthanIke dharma tathA upadezakA asara aMga-baMga aura kaliMgameM phailA huA thA / bhagavAn tAmraliptase calakara kopaka athavA kopa kaTaka pahuMce the; jo unake vahAM piNDa-AhAra grahaNa karaneke kAraNa uparAMta dhanya kaTaka kahalAne lagA thA aura jo AjakalakA kopArI 1-hisTarI Apha nepAla pR0 83-84 /

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jJAnaprApti aura dharma pracAra / [ 233 - grAma hai|' ina pradezoM meM bhagavAn pArzvanAthakI mAnyatA aura mUrtiyAM bhI bahu saMkhyA meM prAcIna milatI haiN| kaliMga dezake rAjA khAravela dvArA nirmitta hAthI guphA AdimeM ina tIrthaMkara bhagavAnkI sampUrNa jIvanI ke citra dIvAloMpara aMkita haiN| unhoMne pauMr3a, tAmralipta AdimeM vizeSa rItise apanA vihAra kiyA thaa| Aja bhI rAMcI, -mAnabhUma Adi jiloMmeM hajAroM manuSya kevala bhagavAn pArzvanAthake - nAmakI upAsanA karate haiM, unako apanA iSTadeva mAnate haiM - parantu unake dharma ke viSaya meM aura adhika Aja ve kucha bhI nahIM jAnate; yadyapi ve aba bhI sarAka ( zrAvaka ) nAmase prakhyAt haiM / isase spaSTa hai ki bhagavAnakA vihAra baMgAla meM bhI huA thA aura Upara zAka dezameM unakA pahuMcanA likhA hI hai, jo nepAlakI tarAIkA zAkya pradeza hI ho saktA hai / svayaM zAkyavaMzI rAjA zuddhodana ke gRhameM jainadharmakI mAnyatA thI, aisA bauddha granthoMke kathanase pramANita hotA hai| isa avasthA meM bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIkA hI nepAlameM dharma pracAra karanA saMbhavita hotA hai, jisakA ullekha pUrvokta prakAra nepAke itihAsa meM kiyA gayA hai / zAkya bhUmike atirikta kisI anya dezakA nAma 'zAka' bhAratameM to dekhaneko milatA nahIM hai / hAM ! inDo-grIka rAjAoMkI rAjadhAnI zAkala athavA sAkala ( AjakalakA syAlakoTa ) avazya zAkase sAdRzyatA rakhatI hai aura vahAM prakhyAt rAjA milinda ( Menander) adhikAMza yavanoMke 1-ArkelaoNjikala sarve oNpha mayUrabhaMja san 1911 aura baMgAla prAcIna jainasmArka pR0 79 / 2 - baMgAla, or3IsA, vihArake prAcIna jainasmArka pR0 89-90 / 3-pUrva0 pR0 42 aura 140-147 10 413 // 4 - bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha pR0 37 /

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234] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / .. sAtha eka samaya jainadharmAnuyAyI the, yaha bhI pragaTa hai| parantu yaha sAkala aura rAjA manendra athavA milinda Adi bhagavAn pArzvanAthase eka dIrghakAla uparAMta bhAratIya itihAsameM sthAna pAte haiN| isaliye ukta zAstrakA zAkadeza sAkala nahIM hosaktA hai / isake atirikta bhAratake bAhara zAkadvIpa (Sythia) meM bhagavAna pArzvanAthakA vihAra huAho, to koI Azcarya nahIM hai, kyoMki prAcInakAlameM bhArata aura zAkadvIpakA vizeSa sambaMdha thaa| logoMkA kahanA hai ki kRSNake putra zamba zAkahIpase Aye the aura vaha apane sAtha zAkadvIpastha brAhmaNoMko bhI lAye the jo sUryakI upAsanA karate the / yahI brAhmaNa Ajakalake bhojaka haiM,jo jaina sampradAyameM vizeSa paricita haiM / tisapara madhya aiziyA aura yUnAna taka jainadharmake astitvake cinha milate haiM / isaliye yaha bhI anumAna kiyA jAsaktA hai ki bhagavAnakA vihAra zAkadvIpameM huA ho, jo jaina dRSTise AryakhaNDameM AjAtA hai / aba sirpha dakSiNa dezoMke pradeza rahe haiM / jaina zAstroMmeM yahAM bhagavAna pArzvanAthake bahuta pahalese jainadharmakA astitva batalAyA gayA hai| kintu Ajakalake vidvAnoMko aisI dhAraNA hogaI hai ki samrATa candragupta mauke jamAne meM zrutakevalI bhadrabAhu dvArA hI sarva prathama vahAM jainadharmakA pracAra huA thA / isa dhAraNAmeM kucha adhika vajana hai yaha dikhatA nahIM, kyoMki jainetara zAstroMse vahAM isa kAlake bahuta pahalese jainadharmakA pracalita honA pratibhASita hotA hai / tisapara svayaM bhadrabAhusvAmIkI ghaTanAse hI yaha bAta pramANita hai| 1-'vIra' varSa 2 pR0 413 / 2-TaoNDakA rAjasthAna (vakeTezvara presa) bhA0 1 pR. 27 /

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jJAnaprApta aura dharma pracAra / [235 yadi unake samayake duSkAlameM dakSiNameM jainI na hote to vaha vahAMko prasthAna kaise kara jAte ? kyoMki jaina muni zrAvakoMke yahAM savidhiH AhAradAna pAsakte haiM anyatra usakA milanA kaThina hai / isase yahI pragaTa hai ki vahAMpara jainadharma unake pahalese vidyamAna thaa| 'rAjAvalIkathe' nAmaka granthameM yahI kahA gayA hai aura isa kathanako vidvAn loga karIba 2 vizvasanIya bAlAte haiN|' tisapara bauhoMke 'mahAvaMza' nAmaka granthameM IsvI sanase pahale 437 ke karIba siMhala laMkA (Ceylon ) meM anuruddhapurake batAye jAnekA varNana diyA huA hai / usameM vahAMpara 'giri ' nAmaka eka nigantha (jaina) upAsakako sthAna dene evaM vahAMke rAnA pAMDugAbhaya dvArA nigantha kumbandha ' ke liye eka maMdara banavAneke ullekha Aye haiN| isa kathanase spaSTa hai ki siMhala-laMkAmeM IsAse pUrva pAMcavIM zatAbdimeM jainadharma maujUda thaa| isa dazAmeM dakSiNa bhAratakA usa samaya usake pracArase achUtA baca jAnA kucha jIko nahIM lagatA / isI kAraNa katipaya vidvAn isa bAtako mAnaneke liye taiyAra huye haiM ki zrI bhadrabAhasvAmIse pahale hI jainadharmakA astitva dakSiNa bhAratameM maujUda thaa| yahAM para yaha zaMkA karanA bhI vRthA hai ki jainadharma samudra mArgadvArA sIdhA siMhala-laMkAko pahuMca gayA hogA; kyoMki jaba vaha jahAjoMdvArA laMkA pahuMca sakatA hai to usI taraha dakSiNa bhAratameM bhI dAkhila ho saktA hai / dakSiNa bhAratase bhI sAmudrika vyApAra taba calatA thA / tisapara jainazAstra spaSTa kahate haiM ki vahAM para jaina .. 1-sTaDIja ina sAutha inDiyana jainIjma pR. 32 / 2-mahAvaMza pR. 49 / 3-sTaDIja ina sAutha iMDiyana jainIjma bhAga 1 pa033 /

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236 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / dharmakA astitva bahuta prAcIna kAlase hai / isaliye isameM zaMkA karanA vRthA hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthakA vihAra dakSiNa bhAratameM huA thaa| unake vahAM pahuMcaneke spaSTa pramANa vahAMparake unake Agamanake smAraka svarUpa atizaya tIrthakSetra Aja bhI milate haiN| kalikuNDapArzvanAtha nAmaka tIrtha dakSiNa bhAratameM hI hai|' isItaraha bhagava nakA vihAra madhyabhAratameM bhI huA thA, yaha uparokta zAstra uddharaNoMse pramANata hai / prAcIna 'nirvANakAMDa ' gathAse bhI yahI prakaTa hai:pAbassa samavaraNe sahiyA varadatta muNivarA paMca / ristidegirisihare, NivyANagayA Namo tesiM / / 19 / / yaha reziMdegiri pannA rAjyameM hai aura yahAM pahAr3Ipara cAlIsa di jaina maMdira haiN| inake atirikta zvetAmbarAcArya bhAvadevamUri bhagavAna pArzvakA vihAra-varNana isa prakAra karate haiN| vaha kahate haiM ki pahale bhagavAna ne gaMgA jamanAke kinArevAloM dezoM meM dharma pracAra kiyA aura phira vaha puMDradezako vihAra kara gaye the| vahAMke prasiMha sagara tAmraliptimeM unakA vizeSa upadeza huA thA / uparAMta bAraha varSa ke bAda ve bhagazana madhyabhAratakI nAgapurImeM pahuMce the aura ne unakA Agamana sammedAcala parvatapara huA batalAyA gayA hai / para vetAmbarAcAryane kevala una sthAnoMkA ullekha kiyA hai, jahAMpakI kimI khAsa ghaTanAkA varNana unako denA iSTa hai| isa di. jaina DAyarekTarI dekho / 2-pArzvacarita sarga 6 zlo0 258 // 3-pUrva ka. 8. o. 1-6 / 4-pUrva. sa. 8...zlo0 5-6 / 5-pUrva : 8-199. 6-pUrva0 8-363 /

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. jJAnaprApti aura dharma prcaar| [237 hAlatameM unakA anya pradezoMko achUtA chor3a denA ThIka hI hai / isataraha para jahAM2 bhagavAna pArzvanAthakA pavitra vihAra huA thA, vahAM vahAM kA varNana jainazAstroMmeM milatA hai| isa pavitra vihArameM avyAbAdha sukha ko dilAnevAle dharmakA bahu pracAra huA thA / bhavyarUpI cAtakoM ke liye durlabha dharmAmRtakI apUrva varSA huI thii| jo bhI bhagavAnake samavazaraNameM pahuMca gayA vaha kRtakRtya hogayA / yahI nahIM, jisa orase bhagavAnakA vihAra hogayA usa ora kosoMmeM sukAla phaila gayA thA-grAmINa loga Anandamagna hogae the| durbhikSakA vahAM patA hI nahIM milatA thaa| sAkSAt paramAtmA tIrthakara bhagavAnakI puNya prakRtise sabako saba Thaura sukha hI sukha najara par3atA thaa| isa taraha para bhagavAna kA sarvatra sukhakArI dharmapracAra aura vihAra huA thaa| 'bahudezana mAhI prabhu viharAhI bhavi jIvana saMbodhi dye| mithyAmata bhArI timira vidArI jinamata jArI karata bhye|| kachu icchA nArI vini DagadhArI hota vihArI paramagurU / jina prANina kerA tarava saverA titai nAtha maga hota shuruu| vAmAke pyAre jaga ujiyAre manasoM thAre pada prsoN| jina parase sAre pAtaka jAre aura savAre ziva drsoN||"

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238 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / mutaalaa miidby' ? 'tamottu mamatAtIta mamotta mamatAmRta / tatAmitamate tAta matAtItamRtemita // 10 // --zrI samantabhadrAcAryaH / 'he pArzvanAtha ! Apa mamatva rahita haiM !' mamatA-taskara Apase kosoM dUra rahatA hai| isIliye 'ApakA AgamarUpI amRta sarvotkRSTa hai / ApakA kevalajJAna bhI atizaya vizAla aura aparimita hai / ' usake dhavala AlokameM ajJAnatamase cuMdhiyAI huI AMkhe yathArtha satya ko dekhane meM samartha hotI haiM / usa vaijJAnika upadeza ke bala hI loka isa agAdha saMsArasAgarake pAra pahuMcanekA sAhasa kara pAtA hai / sacamuca bhagavAnake vastusvarUpamaya dharma-pIyUSa ko pIkara hI mahAn saMsAra-rogameM grasita manuSya upase mukti pAlete haiM / isIliye he bhagavan ! -- Apa sabake baMdhu haiM ! janmajarA maraNa rahita haiM tathA aparimita haiM / ' Apake ye caraNayugala merA hI kyA sAre saMsArakA ajJAnAMdhakAra dUra karadeM yahI bhAvanA hai / Apake paramapAvana caritrakA avagAhana karate huye Apake divyopadezaka darzana pAlenA bhI parama upAdeya aura Avazyaka hai| bhagavAna pArzvanAthake jIvanacaritra meM yahI eka avasara itanA mahatvazAlI hai ki isakA prabhAva usI kSaNa digantavyApI ho gayA thaa| tIrthakara bhagavAnakA sarvajJapadako prApta honA aura phira prAkRta dharmAmRtakI varSA karanA bar3A hI mahatvapUrNa aura prabhAvazAlI kArya hai| jisataraha bhagavAna mahAvIrake jIvana meM unake isa divya avasarakA prabhAva ma0

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza! [239 buddha aura makkhaligozAla jaise utkaTa pracArakoMpara par3A thA. vaise hI bhagavAna pArzvanAthake prabhAvase unake samayake dhArmika vAtAvaraNameM eka krAMti khar3I hogaI thI, yaha hama agAr3I dekheMge / yahAM para to yaha dekhanA mAtra iSTa hai ki bhagavAnane apane dharmopadezameM kahA kyA thA ? jaina mAnyatA hai ki tIna kAla aura tInaloka meM jabajaba jo jo tIrthakara hoMge, unake dharmo pradeza bhI vaise hI eka samAna hoNge| unameM eka dUsarese kiJcit bhI antara nahIM par3a saktA hai / yaha eka bar3A hI aTapaTA aura anokhA sA dAvA hai, parantu dhyAna denese isakI sArthakatA prakaTa hojAtI hai / bezaka yaha jIko nahIM lagatA ki hara samayake hara tIrthaMkarakA dharmopadeza eka hI prakArakA aura eka hI DhaMgakA ho| yadi unakA dharmopadeza eka hI prakAra aura eka hI DhaMgakA harasamaya hotA mAna liyA jAya, to phira vividha tIrthaMkaroMkA kAlAntarameM avatIrNa honA kucha mahatvazAlI rahatA bhI najara nahIM par3atA, kyoMki samayakI paristhiti hara samaya ekasI nahIM rahatI aura eka amuka prakArakI paristhitike anukUla kahA gayA upadeza eka anya prakArakI paristhitike liye samucita nahIM raha saktA aura yaha spaSTa hai ki pratyeka kSetra aura pratyeka kAla meM saMsArI jIvoMkI dazA kabhI bhI eka samAna nahIM rahatI hai / dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvake anusAra unakI dazA palaTatI rahatI hai| cauthe kAlake jIvoMse Anakalake jIvoMkI Ayu, kAya, buddhi, saMha. nana Adi saba bAteM bahuta hI alpa haiM aura abase agADIke jIvoMkI hAlata isase bhI badatara hogI, yaha jaina zAstroM kA kathana hai| svayaM

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240] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / cauthe kAlameM bhI sarvadA ekasA samaya nahIM rahA thA / jo Ayu, kAya, bala Adi zaktiyAM bhagavAna RSabhadevakI thIM, vaha bhagavAna pArzvanAthakI nahIM thIM, yaha pahale jainazAstrake uddharaNase prakaTa ho cukA hai| astu; isa dazAmeM jainiyoMkI tIrthaMkaroMke eka samAna sanAtana dharmopadeza denekI mAnyatA kucha asaMgatasI a~catI hai aura isa dRSTise yaha hai bhI ThIka ! parantu tIrthakara bhagavAna dravyoMkA yathAvata svarUpa batalAte haiM / jo vastukA svarUpa hai vahI vaha nirdiSTa karate haiN| vaha sarvajJakathita eka vaijJAnika bhASaNa hai| isaliye usameM antara par3anA kabhI aura kisI dazAmeM bhI saMbhava nahIM hai / jo siddhAnta aura jo tatva eka tIrthakarane batA diye haiM, vahI siddhAnta aura vahI tatva dUsaga tIrthakara bhI batAyagA; kyoMki saba hI tIrthakara sarvajJa hote haiM aura unakI sarvajJatAmeM kucha, bhI antara nahIM hotaa| isalie jo bAteM eka sarvajJa tIrthakara batAyagA, usake viruddha dUsarA sarvajJa kucha kathana kara hI nahIM saktA aura yaha pratyakSa pramANita hai| Aja bhagavAna mahAvIrake batAye huye jainadharmameM sAta tatva batalAye huye milate haiM / aba yaha kabhI bhI saMbhava nahIM hai ki kisI bhI tIrthakarake dharmopadezameM ina sAta tatvoM kI saMkhyA ghaTA bar3hA dI jAya athavA inakA krama badala diyA jAya ! Aja yaha vaijJAnika DhaMgase nirNIta haiM-jIva-ajIva mukhya do dravya isa lokameM haiN| upayoga cetanA lakSaNako dhAraNa karanevAlA jIva hai aura ajIvameM yaha lakSaNa nahIM hai / jIva ajIva pudgalake sambandhase sAMsArika duHkhasAgarameM gote lagA rahA hai| apane mana, vacana, kAyakI bhalI burI kriyAyoMkI va.SAya pravRttike anusAra vaha

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza ! [241 usI prakArakI paudgalika zaktiyAM, jinako karmavargaNAyeM kahate haiM, apanemeM khIMca letA hai| jaba yaha sukha dukha denevAlI karma vargaNAyeM saMsArI jIvase sambaddha honAtI haiM, taba vahAM apanI prabalatAke anusAra niyata sthitike liye Thahara jAtI haiM / astu; pahale do tattva to jIvaanIva huye aura uparAMta karmokA Agamana rUpa Azrava aura unakA jIvameM sthira hone rUpa bandha yaha kramase tIsare aura cauthe tatva pramANita hote haiM / yahAMtaka to prANIke sukha dukha bhugatanekA saMbaMdha spaSTa kiyA gayA hai ; aba agAr3I isa upAyakA batalAnA hI zeSa hai ki isa sukha dukhase kaise chUTA jAtA hai ? isake liye Avazyaka hai ki sukha dukha denevAlI karma vargaNAoMko Ane dene kA mArga roka diyA jAya / yahI kriyA pAMcavA saMvara tatva hai / aba jaba ki karmoM kA AnA to ruka gayA taba yahI kArya zeSa raha jAtA hai ki silakameMke karmoko naSTa kara diyA jAya / yaha chaThA nirnarA tattA hai| basa jaba saba karma hI naSTa hogaye taba jIva svAdhIna aura sukhI honAtA hai / yaha sAtavAM mokSa tattva hai / ina sAta tatvoMkI yaha vaijJAnika lar3I hai aura isameMkA eka bhI dAnA idharase udhara sArI lar3Iko tor3e vinA nahIM kiyA jAsaktA hai / isa kAraNa yaha kabhI bhI sambhava nahIM hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrase pahaleke zrI pArzvanAtha athavA kisI anya tIrthakarane inase kisI anya prakAra aura DhaMgake tatvoM kA nirUpaNa kiyA ho ! isa avasthAmeM yahAM para eka gorakhadhaMdhAsA netroMke agAr3I A upasthita hotA hai / samaya pravAhake anusAra tIrthaMkaroMke dharmopadezameM kiMcit antara par3anA Avazyaka ThaharatA hai aura vastusthiti athavA vaijJAnika rUpameM usakA sadA

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242 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | sarvadA ekasA honA jarUrI pramANita hotA hai / to phira yahAM kyA bAta hai ? isake liye tIrthaMkara bhagavAnake batAye hue syAdvAda siddhAM -takA Azraya lenA samucita pratIta hotA hai / pratyeka vastumeM aneka guNa haiM aura parimita zaktiko rakhanevAle manuSyake liye yaha saMbhava nahIM hai ki vaha eka sAtha hI usake saba guNoMkA nirUpaNa kara sake / vaha apekSA karake hI unakA ullekha karegA / yadi koI kahe ki kucalA prANa zoSaka hai, to usakA yaha kathana sarvathA satya nahIM hai, kyoMki kucalemeM prANa poSaka tattva bhI maujUda hai / vAtarogameM vaha bar3A hI lAbhaprada hai / isaliye yaha nahIM kahA jAtaktA ki kucalA prANa zoSaka hI hai / ataeva tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke dharmopadeza ke viSaya meM bhI yahI bAta hai / samaya pravAhakI apekSA usake vidhAyaka kramameM kiMcit antara usI hada taka hotaktA hai jo usake mUla bhAvakA nAzaka na ho aura mUla bhAva athavA saiddhAMtika tatva sadA sarvadA eka samAna hI raheMge / yahI bAta digambara aura zvetAMbara -sampradAya ke zAstroM meM nirdiSTa kI huI milatI hai / digambara sampradAya meM zrI vaTTakera nAmaka eka prAcIna aura prasiddha AcArya huye haiM / unakA 'mUlAcAra' nAmakA eka yatyAcAra viSayaka grantha vizeSa prAmANIka aura bahu pracalita hai / isa graMtha meM zrI - baTTa kerAcArya ne sAmAyika kA varNana karate huye spaSTa rIti se kahA hai kivAvI titthayarA sAmAiyaM saMjayaM uvadisaMti / chedovANiyaM puNa bhayavaM usaho ya vIro ya // 7-32 // -- arthAt - 'ajitase lekara pArzvanAtha paryaMta bAIsa tIrthaMkaroMne sAmAyika saMyamakA aura RSabhadeva tathA mahAvIra bhagavAna ne 'chedo

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza! [243 pasthApanA' saMyamakA upadeza diyA hai / ' yahAM mUla gAthAmeM do jagaha 'ca' (ya) zabda AyA hai / isako lakSya karake prasiddha jaina vidvAn paM0 yugalakizorajI likhate haiM ki 'eka cakArase parihAravizuddhi Adi cAritrakA bhI grahaNa kiyA jAsaktA hai aura taba yaha niSkarSa nikala sakatA hai ki RSabhadeva aura mahAvIra bhagavAnne sAmAyikAdi pAMca prakArake cAritrakA pratipAdana kiyA hai jisameM chedopasthApanAkI yahAM pradhAnatA hai | zeSa bAIsa tIrthaMkaroMne kevala sAmAyika cAritrakA pratipAdana kiyA hai|' yahAMpara yaha spaSTa hai ki yadyapi vartamAnakAlake 24 tIrthaMkaroMke dharmopadezake mUla bhAvameM koI vizeSa antara nahIM thA / parantu unake vidhAyaka kramameM bheda avazya thA ! aura yaha kyoM thA? isakA uttara yahI hai ki samaya prabhAvakI bajahase yaha bheda thaa| yahI bAta zrI vaTTakarAcArya nimna do gAthAoM meM batalAte haiM:'Aca khadaM vibhajidaM vigNAdaM cAvi suhadaraM hodi / edeNa kAraNeNa du mahatvadA paMca paNNattA // 33 // AdIe dundhisodhaNe NihaNe taha muSTha durnnupaaleyaa| purimAdya pacchimA vihu kappAkappaM Na jANaMti // 34 // ' __ arthAt-'pAMca mahAvratoM (chedoSasthApanA)kA kathana isa vanahase kiyA gayA hai ki inake dvArA sAmAyikakA dUsaroMko upadeza denA, svayaM anuSThAna karanA pRthak rUpase bhAvanAmeM lAnA sugama hojAtA hai aura aMtima tIrthameM ziSya jana kaThinatAse nirvAha karate haiM, kyoMki ve atizaya vakra-svabhAva hote haiN| sAtha hI 1-jainahitaiSI bhAga 12 aMka 7-8 pR. 325-326 /

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244 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / ina donoM samayoMke ziSya spaSTa rUpase yogya ayogyako nahIM jAnate haiM / isaliye Adi aura antake tIrthameM isa chedopasthApanAke upadezakI jarUrata paidA huI hai| yahAM yaha bhI dRSTavya hai ki AcAbane naM0 33 kI gAthAmeM chedo yasthApanAke liye paMca mahAvrata zabda vyavahRta kiyA hai / vAstavameM chedopasthApanAkI saMjJA paMcamahAvrata bhI hai aura isameM hiMsAdika bhedase samasta sAvadha karmakA tyAga karanA par3atA hai / zrIbhaTTAkalaMkadeva apanI ' tattvArtha rAjavArtika ' meM yahI likhate haiM; yathA "sAvA karma hiMsAdibhedena vikalpanihAttiH chedopsthaapnaa|" .. tathApi unhoMne sAmAyikakI apekSA vrata eka hI kahA hai aura chedopasthApanAkI apekSA usake pAMca bheda kiye haiM; jaise'sarvasAvadhanivRttilakSaNasAmAyikApekSayA ekaM vrataM / bhedaparataMtracchedopasthApanApekSayA paMcavidha vratam // ' astu; isa zAstrIya ullekhase hamAre pUrvokta vaktavyakA samarthana hotA hai / zrI vaTTakerasvAmI ina gAthAoMse kucha agADIvAlI gAthAoM dvArA bhI isI bhAvako spaSTa karate haiN| vaha tIrthaMkaroMkA. aura bhI zAsana bheda badalAte haiM / likhate haiM:--- 'sapaDikkamaNo dhammo purisassaya pacchimassa jiNassa / avarAha paDikammaNaM majjhimayANaM jiNavarANaM // 7-125 // jAvedu appaNNo vA aNNadare vA bhave adiicaaro| tAvedu paDikkamaNaM majjhimayANaM jiNavarANaM // 126 // iriyA goyara mumiNAdi savvamAcaradu mA va aacrdu| purima carimAdu savve savve NiyamA paDikkamadi // 127 //

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza! [245 . arthAt-'pahale aura aMtima tIrthaMkarakA dharma aparAdhake hone aura na hone kI apekSA na karake pratikramaNa sahita pravartatA hai / para madhyake bAIsa tIrthaMkaroMkA dharma aparAdhake honepara hI pratikramaNakA vidhAna karatA hai, kyoMki unake samayameM aparAdhakI bAhulyatA nahIM hotI / madhyavartI tIrthaMkaroMke samayameM jisa vratameM apane yA dUsaroMke atIcAra lagatA hai usI vrata sambandhI atIcArake viSayameM pratikra. maNa kiyA jAtA hai / viparIta isake Adi aura antake tIrthaMkaroM ( RSabha aura mahAvIra ) ke ziSya IryA, gocarI aura svapnAdise utpanna hue samasta atIcAroM kA AcaraNa karo yA mata karo unheM samasta pratikramaNa daMDakoM kA uccAraNa karanA hotA hai / Adi aura antake donoM tIrthaMkaroMke ziSyoM ko kyoM samasta pratikramaNa daMDakoMkA uccAraNa karanA hotA hai aura kyoM madhyavartI tIrthaMkaroMke ziSya unakA AcaraNa nahIM karate haiM ? isake uttarameM AcArya mahodaya likhate haiM:= " majjhimayAdiDhabuddhI eyaggamaNA amohalakkhAya / tamhAdu jamAcaraMti taM garahetA vimujjJaMti // 128 / / purima carimAdu jamhA calacittA ceva mohalatvAya / to sabya paDikkamaNaM aMdhalaya ghoDa-diluto / / 129 // " ___ 'arthAta-madhyavartI tIrthaMkaroMke zipya vismaraNazIlatArahita dRdabuddhi, sthiracitta aura mUr3hatArahita parIkSApUrvaka kArya karanevAle hote haiM / isalie pragaTa rUpase ve jisa doSa kA AcaraNa karate haiM usa doSase AtmanindA karate hue zuddha ho jAte haiM / para Adi aura antake donoM tIrthaMkaroMke ziSya calacitta aura mUDhamanA hote haiM / zAstrakA bahuta vAra pratipAdana karanepara bhI use nahIM

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246 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | jaante| unheM kramazaH Rju jar3a aura vakra-jar3a samajhanA cAhiye / isalie unake samasta pratikramaNa daMDakoM ke uccAraNakA vidhana batalAyA gayA hai aura isa viSaya meM aMdhe ghor3ekA dRSTAMta diyA gayA hai / ' * isa zAstrIya uddharaNa se spaSTa hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra aura bhagavAna pArzvanAthane apane dharmopadezameM cAritra nirUpaNa eka dUsare se vibhinna rItipara kiyA thA / bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA cAritranirUpaNa sAmAyika saMyama aura kRta aparAdha ke pratikramaNarUpa huA thA aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ne usakA nirUpaNa prathama tIrthaMkara kI bhAMti chedopasthApanA athavA paMcamahAvrata aura sarvathA samasta pratikramaNa daMDakA uccAraNa karanerUpa kiyA thA / yaha eka aitihAsika ghaTanA hai, jisakA ullekha varAcArya ne kiyA hai aura isameM samayapravAha hI mukhya kAraNa hai kintu isase mokSaprApti ke mUla uddezya aura samyagdarzana, jJAna, cAritrarUpa ratnatraya mArga kucha bhI antara nahIM par3A hai / vaha jyoMkA tyoM rahA hai, isaliye yaha kahA jA saktA hai ki donoM tIrthaMkaroM ke upadezakrama meM kucha bhI antara nahIM thA / mUla siddhAMtoM meM kabhI bhI koI antara nahIM par3a saktA hai / yahI kAraNa hai ki agAdha jaina sAhitya meM kahIM bhI prAyaH aisA ullekha nahIM milatA hai jisase eka tIrthaMkarakA upadeza dUsareke viruddha pramANita ho / isa avasthA meM yaha svIkAra kiyA jA saktA hai ki jisa jainadharmakA pratipAdana bhagavAna mahAvIra ne kiyA thA aura jo Aja hameM prApta hai vahI dharma pArzvanAtha kI divyadhvanise nirUpita huA thaa| Ajakalake * jainahitaiSI bhAga 12 aMka 7-8 pR0 326-327.

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza! [247 prAcyavidyAanveSakoM ko bhI yahI vyAkhyA yathArtha pratIta huI hai / unameM se ekakA kathana hai ki 'isa hI prakArake athavA isase milane hue prakArake dharmake mukhya vicAra mahAvIrasvAmIke pahale bhI pravartate the, aimA mAnane meM bhI koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| mUla tatvoM meM koI spaSTa pharka huA, aisA mAnane kA koI kAraNa nanara nahIM AtA aura isaliye mahAvIrasvAmIke pahale bhI jainadarzana thA, aisI jainoM kI mAnyatA svIkAra kI jAsaktI hai |....iske liye hamAre pAsa koI spaSTa pramANa nahIM hai, parantu sAtha hI isake viruddha bhI koI pramANa nahIM hai / jainadharma kA svarUpa hI isa bAta kI puSTi karatA hai, kyoMki pudgala ke aNu AtmAmeM karma kI utpatti karate haiM, yaha isakA mukhya siddhAnta hai aura isa siddhAnta kI prAcIna vizeSatAke kAraNa aisA anumAna kiyA jA sakatA hai ki isakA mUla I 0. sanke pahale 8vIM-9vIM zatAbdimeM hai / " ataeva bhagavAna pArzvanAthane bhI aisA hI dharmopadeza diyA thA, jaisA ki Aja jainadharma meM milatA hai, yaha mAna lenA yuktiyukta hai| zvetAmbara zAstroM ke kathanase bhI hamAre uparokta mantavyameM kucha bAdhA nahIM AtI hai / unakA bhI kathana digambara jaina zAstroMke anusAra isa vyAkhyAkI puSTi karatA hai ki mUla meM saba tIrthaMkaroMkA dharma eka samAna hotA hai, parantu samayAnusAra unake pratipAdana kramameM athavA cAritra niyamoM meM kucha antara par3a sakatA hai, yadyapi vaha mUla xGlassenapp, Ephemerids Orientales No. P.13, & Cambridge History of India-Anc. India Vol. I. P. 154. 1-jainajagata varSa 1 /

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248 bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | bhAvake pratikUla aura usako meTanevAlA nahIM hotA hai / zvetAmbaroMke ' uttarAdhyayana sUtra' meM aisA hI varNana hameM ' kezI aura gautama ' ke samvAdarUpameM milatA hai| kezI zrIpArzvanAthajIkI ziSya paramparAke eka AcArya haiM aura gautama bhagavAna mahAvIrajIke pravAna gaNadhara haiN| ina donoM mahAnubhAvakA saMghanahita Akara zrAvastIke udyAnoM meM ThaharanA aura phira paraspara samAdhAna karanA batAyA gayA hai | vahAM likhA hai : -- "puccha bhante jahicchante kesiM goyamantrI | tao kesI aNunnAe goyamaM iNamabbavI / / 22 // cAujjAmo ya jo dhammo jo imo paMcasikkhio / desio vaddhamANe pAseNa ya mahAmunI || 23 // egajjapatra nANaM visese kiM nu kAraNaM / dhamme dubi mehAvika vippaJcao na te / / 24 / / tao kesiM buvantaM tu goyamo iNamabbavI / pana samikkha dhammatattaM tattaviNicchiyaM // 25 // purimA ujjujaDA u vaMkajaDA ya pacchimA / -majjJimA ujjupannA uteNa dhamme duhA kae || 26 // ramANAM duvvisojjhou carimANaM duraNupAlao / kRppo majjhimANaM tu suvisojho supAlaya / / 27 // sAhu goyama panA te chinno me saMsao imo / " inakA bhAva yahI hai ki RSi kezIne gautamagaNadhara se pUchA thA ki yaha kyA kAraNa hai jaba ki donoM tIrthakkaroMke dharma eka hI uddezyake lie haiM tatra eka meM cAra vrata aura eka meM pAMca batAye gaye

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza ! [249 haiN| bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIne 'cAunjAma' dharma mukhya batalAyA thA aura bhagavAn mahAvIra 'paMcamahAvvaya' kA pratipAdana karate haiM / isapara gautama gaNadhara yaha uttara dete batalAye gaye haiM ki 'buddhi dharmake satyako aura yathArtha vastuoM ko pahicAnatI hai / pahaleke RSi sarala the parantu samajhake kotA the aura pIche ke RSi aspaSTavAdI aura samajhake kotA (Slov) the; kintu ina donoMke madhyake sarala aura buddhimAn the / isaliye dharmake do rUpa haiM / pahaleke muzkalase dharma vratoMko samajhate the aura pIcheke muzakilase unakA AcaraNa kara sake the; parantu madhyake unako sugamatAse samajhate aura pAlate the / '' yahAM bhI vahI bhAva hai / samaya pravAhake prabhAvako vyakta kiyA gayA hai; yadyapi dharmake mUlabhAvako buddhi nahIM bhulAtI hai yaha spaSTa kaha diyA gayA hai / digambarAcArya ke uparokta vaktavyake anusAra yahAM bhI bhagavan mahAvIrake cAritra dharmakA prati pAdana " pAMca mahAvrata " rUpa batalAyA gayA hai| aura vaha madhyake 22 tIrthakaroMke nirUpaNa kramase unhIM kAraNoMvaza vibhinna batalAyA hai, jinako digambarAcAryane prakaTa kiyA hai / yahAMpara yadi antara hai to sirpha 'cAryAmadharma' kA pratepAdana bhagavAna pArzvanAtha dvArA batalAne meM hai| digambarAcArya bhagavAna parvanAtha evaM madhyake anya tIrthaMkaroMkA dharma sAmAyika-saMyamarUpa bata. lAte haiM aura zvetAmbaramUtra meM vaha cAra prakArakA batalAyA gayA hai| zve ke mUlasutrameM isa 'cAturyAma' zabdakI kucha bhI vyAkhyA nahIM kI gaI hai, parantu uparAntake zvetAmbara TIkAkAra usakA bhAva 1-jainasUtra (S B E. ) bhAga 2 pR. 122-123 /

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250] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / ahiMsA, acaurya, satya aura aparigraha vratarUpa karate haiM / ipsa 206kA bhAva mUlameM isI rUpa thA, isa bAtako prakaTa karaneke liye koI pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai / hAM, yaha avazya hai ki bauddhazAstroMmeM bhI isI catura prakArake dharma kA nirupaNa jaina sAdhuoM ke saMbaMdha kiyA huA milatA hai parantu vahAM usake bhAva ahiMsAdi cAra vratoMke rUpa meM nahIM batAye gaye haiM; balika digambara saMpradAya ke prakhyAta AcArya zrIsamantabhadrasvAmIke nimna zlokase usakA sAmaJjasya ThIka baiTha jAtA huA vahAM milatA hai:'viSayAzAvazAtIto nirArambho'parigrahaH / jJAnadhyAnataporaktastapa vI sa prazasyate // 10 // " isa ilokameM tapasvI athavA muni vaha batalAyA gayA hai jo viSayoMkI AzA aura AkAMkSAse rahita ho, nirAmbha ho, aparigrahI aura jJa na dhyAnamaya tapako dhAraNa kiye huye taporatna hI ho / yahAM nigraMtha munike cAra hI vizeSaNa ginAye gaye haiM aura yaha ThIka vaise hI haiM jaise ki bauddhazAstra meM batAye gaye haiN| bauddhazAstra meM yaha ullekha sAdhu avasthA ( sAmanna phala ) ko vividha matoMke anusAra pragaTa karate huye AyA hai| isaliye yahAM ra RSiyoM kI dazAko spaSTa karanekA bhAva hai aura isI bhAva meM RSiyoM ke cAra vizeSaNa digaMbara jainAcAryane ukta prakAra ginAye haiN| ataeva nignatha dharmameM cAturyAma dharma kA bhAva ukta prakAra thA, yaha bau dazAstrake ullekhase spaSTa hai / isakA viSada vivecana hamane anyatra pragaTa kiyA hai / ataeva 1-dIghanikAya ( P. T. S.) bhAga 1 pR. 57-58 / 2-dekho * bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha' kA pariziSTa /

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza! [251 bhagavAna pArzvanAtha nIke sambandhameM bhI isa zabdakA bhAva isa rUpameM hI vyakta karanA vizeSa yuktiyukta pratIta hotA hai; kyoMki bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke samayameM bhI brahmacarya dharmakI AvazyaktA beDhaba thI, yaha hama pahale dekha cuke haiM / jisa prakAra kahA jAtA hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrajIke samayameM sAdhuoMmeM brahmacaryakI zithilatA dekhakara usakA alaga nirUpaNa karanA Avazyaka hogayA thA usI taraha vaha AvazyaktA bhagavAn pArzvanAyanIke samayameM bhI kucha kama nahIM thii| isa dazAmeM zve0 sUtrakI isa ghaTanAkathAkA paricaya ThIka nahIM baiThatA hai / zrI samaMtabhadrAcArya ke batAye huye vizeSaNarUpa cAturyAma dharma pArzvanAthanI aura mahAvIrajI donoM hI tIrthaMkaroMke zAsanameM milatA pragaTa hotA hai / phira yahAM aMtara kucha bhI nahIM rahatA hai aura isa hAlatameM ukta zve. kathanakA kucha bhI mahatva zeSa nahIM rahatA ! yaha sAmAnya rItise kucha aTapaTAsA mAlUma hotA hai; parantu zve. AgamagranthoM ke saMkalana-kramako dhyAnameM rakhanese isameM saMzaya athavA vismaya karaneko koI sthAna zeSa nahIM rahatA ! unhoMne apane saiddhAMtika bhedako spaSTa karaneke liye aneka pUrvApara virodhita ullekha kiye haiN| khAsakara unhoMne bauddhoMke sAhityako apanA AdarzasA mAnA hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki zve. sUtragranthoM meM bahuta kucha bauddha granthoMse liyA huA Ana mila jAtA hai| aura isa 1. 'digambara jaina ' varSa 19 aMka 9 se prakaTa hamArI 'zvetAMbara jainoMke Agamagrantha' zIrSaka lekhamAlA tathA dI hisTrI oNpha prI0. buddhisTika inDiyana philAsaphI pR. 375-377. 2. jArla cArapenTiyara. uttarAdhyayanasUtrakI bhUmikA aura noTa /

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252] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / avasthAmeM yaha koI anokhI bAta nahIM hai, yadi zvetAMbarAcAryane bauddha granthameM cAturyAma siddhAMtakA ullekha dekhakara usako apane zAstrameM sthAna diyA ho| agAr3I jo bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIko vastra dhAraNa karate huye batalAyA hai, usase yahI pramANita hotA hai ki yahAMpara vAstavika ghaTanAkA ullekha nahIM kiyA jArahA hai, kyoMki yaha svataMtra sAkSI dvArA pramANita hai ki bhagavAn pArzvanAtha bhI digaMbara veSa meM rahe the; jaise ki hama agADI dkheNge| tiptapara ukta zve. sUtra meM gautamagaNadharako alaga saMghasahita ekAkI vicarate pragaTa kiyA gayA hai| vahAM bhagavAna mahAvIrakA kucha bhI ullekha nahIM hai, kintu yaha prakaTa hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIra saMghasahita vihAra karate the aura unake pradhAna gaNadhara gautamasvAmI sadA hI unake sAtha rahate the / ze ke sUtrakRtAGgameM (2 / 6) gozAlane isI bAtako lakSya karake bhagavAna mahAvIrapara AkSepa kiyA hai / zvetAmbaroMke uvApsaga damAoM ke granthase bhI bhagavAna ke saMghameM gautama gaNadharakA sAtha rahanA pramANita hai| ataeva yaha kisa taraha para saMbhava ho maktA hai ki gautamasvAmI akele hI kezI RSiko zrAvastI meM mile hoM ? isa dazAmeM zve. sUtrake ukta kathanako yathArtha satya svIkAra karalenA jarA kaThina hai; parantu itanA to spaSTa hI hai ki usakA AdhAra eka aitihAsika tathya hai jo bhagavAna pArzvanAtha aura bhagavAna mahAvIrake dharmameM eka sAmAnya antara pragaTa karatA hai / astu; ____ 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra meM agAr3I bahutase choTe moTe matabhedoMkA ullekha kiyA gayA hai, jinameM mukhya muniliGga viSayaka hai / zeSameM pratikramaNa saMbaMdhameM vahAM kahIM bhI kucha ullekha nahIM hai| isa muniliGga

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza! [253 viSayaka ullekhakA vivecana hama agAr3I bhagavAna mahAvIrajIkA saMbaMdha pragaTa karate huye kareMge / kiMtu apane viSayako spaSTa karaneke liye usa uddharaNako yahIM dedenA hama Avazyaka samajhate haiM, jisase pAThakoMko tIrthakaroMke dharmopadeza saMbaMdhI hamArI prAraMbhika vyAkhyAkI sArthakatA aura bhI spaSTa ho jAvegI / uttarAdhyayana sUtrameM likhA hai: "anno vi saMsao majjhaM taM me kahaMsu goyamA // 28 // acelago ya jo dhammo jo imo sntruttro| desio vaddhamANeNa pAseNa ya mahAjasA // 29 // egakajjapavanANaM visese kiM nu kAraNaM / liMge duvihe mehAvI kahaM vippacao na te // 30 // kesimevaM buvANaM tu goyamo iNamabbavI / vinnANeNa samAgamma dhammasAhaNamicchiyaM / / 31 // paccayatthaM ca logassa nArabhAviha vigappaNaM / jattatthaM gahaNatthaM ca loge liMgapabhoyaNaM // 32 // ahabhave painnA u mokkhasabbhUya saahnnaa| nANaM ca daMsaNaM ceva carittaM ceva nicchae // 33 // yahAM kezIzramaNa gautama gaNadharase yaha pUchate batAye gaye haiM ki 'vaImAnasvAmIke dharmameM vastra pahinanA manA hai aura pArzvanAthajIke dharmameM Abhyantara aura bahira vastra dhAraNa karanA ucita hai| donoM hI dharma eka uddezyako liye huye haiM phira yaha antara kaisA ?' gautamagaNadhara uttarameM kahate haiM ki 'apane utkRSTa jJAnase viSayako nirdhArita karate hue tIrthaMkaroMne jo ucita samajhA so niyata kiyaa| dhArmika puruSoMke vividha bAhya cinha una ko vaisA samajhane ke liye

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254 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | batAye gaye haiM / lakSaNamaya cinhoMkA uddezya unakI dhArmika jIvanameM upayogitA hai aura unake svarUpako prakaTa karanA hai / aba tIrthakaroM kA kathana hai ki samyakjJAna, darzana aura cAritra hI mokSake kAraNa haiM ( na ki bAhya cinha ) / " kezIzramaNa ipa uttarase saMtoSita hojAte haiM / isa ghaTanA meM bhI aitihAsika satyako pAnA jarA kaThina hai; yadyapi Ajakala itihAsajJa isI mAnyatA se pArzvanAthajIkI ziSya paramparAko vastradhArI prakaTa karate haiM, kintu hama agAr3I dekheMge ki bAta vAstava meM yUM nahIM hai / jaina muniyoMkA bheSa prAcIna kAlameM bhI nagna hI thA / yahAMpara jisa saralatA se isa gaMbhIra matabhedakA samAdhAna kiyA gayA hai, yaha dRSTavya hai / usa jamAne meM jabaki saiddhAntika vAdavivAdakA saMgharSa carmasImA para thA taba isa matabhedakA rAjInAmA usa sarala DhaMgase hogayA hogA jaisA ki ukta o zve0 sUtra meM kahA gayA hai, yaha kucha jIko nahIM lagatA hai / phira bhI jo ho, isase hamAre kathanakI puSTi hotI hai ki samayapravAhakA prabhAva sAmAnya dhArmika kriyAyoM meM antara lAsaktA hai | bhagavAn pArzvanAtha aura bhagavAn mahAvIrajIke dharmopadezake madhya jo antara thA vaha hama Upara dekha cuke haiM aura usase yaha spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn pArzvanAtha dvArA pratipAdita dharma bhI prAyaH vaisA hI thA, jaisA ki Aja hameM mila rahA hai / astu; bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIne apane dharmopadeza dvArA usa samayake saiddhAntika vAtAvaraNako praur3ha banA diyA thaa| sAdharaNa janatA laukika aura pAralaukika donoM hI bAtoM meM parAzrita ho rahI thI / lau keka 1 jainasUtra (S. B. E ) bhAga 2 pR0 123.

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~ ~ bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza! [255 bAtoMmeM brAhmaNavarNa apanI pradhAnatAkA sikkA jamAye huye thA, yaha hama dekha cuke haiM / sAtha hI yaha bhI jAna cuke haiM ki IzvaravAdakA bolabAlA usa samaya horahA thA aura janatA pAralaukika bAtoMmeM bhI parAzrita banI huI thii| logoMko vizvAsa thA ki jagatameM jo kucha kriyA horahI hai vaha Izvara AjJAkA phala hai tathApi vipra logoMkI sahAyatAse yajJa Adi racakara itanA puNya kamA lenA iSTa hotA thA ki jisase prabhu prasanna hokara unheM svargasukhakA svAmI banA deN| isImeM pAralaukika dharmakI itizrI sAdhAraNa janatAke liye ho jAtI thI aura laukika dharmameM yenakena prakAreNa putra-mukhake darzana kara lenA Avazyaka horahA thaa| yahAM brahmacarya dharma kA prAyaH abhAva hI thA, sAdhAraNa janatA isa dazAse pUrNa saMtoSita nahIM thI, yaha bhI hama dekha cuke haiN| astu; isa avasthA meM logoMko parAzritAke duHkha. dAI paMjese nikAlanA Avazyaka thA / parAvalambI honA harahAlatameM burA hai, bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIke dharmopadezase logoMko yaha bAta bilkula hRdayaMgama hogaI thii| _ bhagavAn pArzvanAthane kahA thA ki yaha loka anAdinidhana hai / na kabhI isakA prAraMbha huA aura na kabhI isakA anta hogA, yaha jaisA hai vaisA hI rhegaa| paraMtu isameM parivartana hote rahate haiM / ina parivartanoM meM eka paryAya-hAlatakI utpatti, usakA astitva aura dusarIkA nAza hotA rahatA hai / isataraha isa lokameM koI bhI vastu sthAI nahIM haiM / saba hI parivartana zIla haiM, asthira haiM, pAnIke budabudeke samAna naSTa honevAlI haiM , isaliye isa parivartanazIla saMsArake. mohameM par3A rahanA ThIka nahIM haiN|

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256 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | jIva nitya hai / vaha anAdikAla se isa saMsArake jhUThe moha meM par3A huA duHkha bhugata rahA hai / parapadArtha jo pudgala hai usake saMbandha meM par3A huA yaha jIva eka bhavakA anta karake dUsare meM janma letA hai / isa taraha yadyapi saMsAra meM vaha janma-maraNarUpI paribhramaNameM par3A rulatA rahatA hai, paraMtu vaha mUlameM apane svabhAvase cyuta nahIM hotA hai / ' vaha apane svabhAvameM anaMtadarzana, anaMtajJAna, anaMta sukha aura anaMtavIrya rUpa hai; kiMtu paugalika sambandhake kAraNa usake yaha svAbhAvika guNa jAhirA pragaTa nahIM rahate haiM / vaha usI taraha chupa rahe haiM jisa taraha gaMdale pAnImeM usakA nirmala rUpa chupa jAtA hai / isa taraha jIva aura pudgala arthAt ajIvakI mukhyatAse hI isa loka meM vividha abhinaya dekhaneko mila rahe haiM / ajIva padArtha pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla rUpa haiM / pudgala sparza, rUpa, rasa, gaMdhamaya hai aura isakA jIvase kitanA ghaniSTa saMbaMdha hai. yaha Uparake kathanase prakaTa hai / yaha anaMta hai aura aNurUpa hai / dharma aura adharma dravyoMkA bhAva puNya-pApa nahIM hai / yaha eka svataMtra prakArakA padArtha hai jo jIvako kramase calane aura ThaharanemeM sahAyaka hai / jisa taraha pAnI machalIkI sahAyatA karatA hai usI taraha dharma dravya jIvakI gatimeM sahAyaka hai aura jaise vRkSakI chAyA 1. bauddhoMke 'brahmajAlasutta' meM prAcIna zramaNoMkA aisA hI zraddhAna batalAyA gayA hai / vahAM likhA hai ki zramaNoMke anusAra 'jIva nitya hai; loka kisI navIna padArthako janma nahIM detA hai / vaha parvatakI bhAMti sthira hai / yadyapi jIva saMsArameM paribhramaNa karate haiM vaise vaise rahate haiM / ' yaha ullekha bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke sambandhameM hai / isake lie dekho bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha pR0 220 / to bhI ve hamezA

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza ! [ 257 vaTohIko priya hai vaise hI adharma dravya jIvako sthira rakhane meM sahAyatA detI hai / AkAza dravya anaMta hai aura isakA kArya jIvAdi dravyoMko avakAza denA hai aura kAladravya bhI eka svataMtra aura akhaMDa dravya hai jo paryAyoMmeM antara lAne meM kAraNabhUta hai / isa prakAra jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla - ye chaha dravya isa lokako veSTita kiye batalAye gaye haiM / pradhAnatayA jIva aura ajIva meM hI ye saba garbhita haiM / aura saMsArI AtmA ke ullekhase ina donoM dravyoM kA bodha eka sAtha hotA hai / ataeva bhagavAn pArzvanAthane svayaM jIvako hI pUrNa svAdhIna batalAyA thA / isa lokakA niyaMtraNa kisI anya Izvara Adike hAthameM nahIM sauMpA thA aura na usake dvArA isa lokako sirajate aura nAza hote batalAyA thA | svayaM jIvAtmA hI apane karmoMse saMsAra duHkhameM phaMsA huA hai aura vahI apane satprayatnoM dvArA isa duHkhabandhanase mukta hosaktA hai / parAvalambI hone kI jarUrata nahIM hai| sacamuca isa prAkRta upadezakA asara usa samaya logoM para khAsA par3A thA / sabahIko apanA astitva banAye rakhane ke liye isa prAkRta saMdezake anurUpa kiMcit apane siddhAntoMko banA lenA par3A thA aura bahutere loga to svayaM bhagavAnkI zaraNa Agaye the, yaha hama agAr3I dekheMge | bhagavAnakA upadeza prAkRta rUpameM yathArtha satya thA, vaha agAdha thA aura eka vijJAna thaa| yahAMpara usake sAmAnya avalokana dvArA eka jhAMkIbhara lagAI jAtI hai / pUrNa paricaya aura usakA pUrNa mahatva jAnane ke liye to atula jainasaiddhAntikagraMthoMkA parizIlana karanA ucita hai / astu;

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258] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / . bhagavAnke usa svAdhIna saMdezakA samucita Adara huA / usa samaya loga yaha jAnaneke liye utsuka ho uThe ki Akhira saMsAramohameM phaMsA huA yaha jIva kisataraha sukha-dukha bhugatatA hai / isake bhale-bure kAryoMkA phala sukha dukharUpameM kyoMkara mila jAtA hai ? koI bAhyazakti to aisI hai nahIM jo ise sukha-duHkha pahuMcAtI ho aura yaha sukha-duHkhakA anubhava karatA hI hai / isakA bhI koI kAraNa honA cAhiye ! bhagavAna pArzvanAthake nikaTase unakI isa zaMkAkA samAdhAna hogayA thA / bhagavAnne batalA diyA thA ki isa lokameM eka aisA sUkSma pudgala (Matter) maujUda hai, jo saMsArI jIvAtmAkI mana, vacana, kAyarUpa kriyAkI pravRtti, jisako ki yoga kahate haiM, usake dvArA usakI ora AkarSita hokara kaSAyAdike kAraNa usase saMbaMdhita hojAtA hai / yahI use sukha aura dukhakA anubhava karAtA hai / jIvAtmA anAdise isa pudgalake saMbaMdhameM par3A huA hai aura isake mohameM par3A icchAkA gulAma bana rahA hai / isa icchA rAkSasIke pharamAnoMke mutAbika use apane mana, vacana aura kAyako pragatizIla banAnA par3atA hai, jisake kAraNa sUkSma pudgalaparamANu usameM usI taraha Akara cipaTa jAte haiM jisa taraha zarIrameM tela lagAye huye manuSyakI dehapara miTTI svayaM Akara jakar3a jAtI hai| jIvAtmAkI mana, vacana aura kAyarUpa kriyA mukhyataH krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobharUpa hotI hai / bapta jitanI hI adhikatA aura tIvratA ina krodha, mAna, mAyA, lobharUpa kaSAyoMke karanemeM hotI hai utane hI adhika aura tIvra rUpase sUkSma pudgala paramANuoM, jinako karmavargaNAyeM kahate haiM, kA Agamana usameM hotA hai aura utanA hI

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza ! [259 adhika aura tIvra usakA saMsAra baMdhatA hai| yadi koI vyakti bahuta hI mandakaSAyI hai to sacamuca hI usakA bhaviSya kiciMta sukhamaya hai aura isake baraaksa jo vyakti bahuta hI ugrarUpameM kaSAyoMmeM lIna hai to usake liye agAr3I duHkhoMkI jalatI bhaTTI taiyAra hai / isaliye yaha jIvAtmAke hI AdhIna hai ki vaha cAhe apane jIvanako sukharUpa banAle athavA use duHkhoMse taptAyamAna eka jvAlAmukhImeM palaTa de ! kintu use yaha bhI dhyAna rakhanA jarUrI hai ki isa saMsArameM baha pUrNa sukhI nahIM bana saktA hai / dhana-sampatti aura aizvarya use nirAkula sukhako nahIM dilA sakte haiM / strI, putra aura baMdhujana use sacce sukhakA anubhava nahIM karA sakte haiM / lokameM koI aisA padArtha nahIM hai jo use sthAI sukhakA rasAsvAdana karA sake ! jaba kabhI hama kisI kAraNase AnaMdamagna hojAte haiM, to yahI kahate haiM ki 'Aja hamane apane ApakA khUba AnaMda lUTA / ' (We well enjoyed ourselves) yaha udgAra sApha kaha rahA hai ki hamAre bAhira kahIM bhI AnaMda athavA sukha nahIM hai ! hama kahate haiM ki bar3hiyA miSTAnna yA sohanahaluemeM bar3A AnaMda hai, usake khAne se hameM AnaMda milatA hai, parantu yaha jhUThA khyAla hai / na to soha nahaluemeM Ananda hai aura na usake maThA2 svAda lenemeM kucha sukha hai / kitanA bhI khA lIniye, para usase tRpti nahIM hotI ki phira usako kabhI na khAneke liye tabiyata na cle| phira sohanahaluA sabako acchA bhI nahIM lagatA, koI 2 usake nAmase cir3hate haiM to phira bhalA sohanahaluemeM Ananda kahAM rahA ? yadi usakA guNa AnaMdarUpa hai to sabako hI usameM AnaMda milanA

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260 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / cAhiye, kintu sabako samAna rItise usameM AnaMda nahIM miltaa| isI taraha pAna bhAratIyoMko bar3A priya hai / usako khAnese unako AnaMda milatA hai, parantu yUropiyana loga usako eka bahuta burI cIna samajhate haiM, phira vaha AnandadAyaka vastu kahAM rahI ? rogI manuSyako vahI miSTAnna kaDuA mAlUma detA hai jisako baha pahale bar3e cAvase khAtA thA / ina pratyakSa udAharaNoMse yaha spaSTa hai ki bAhya padArthoMmeM sukha athavA Ananda nahIM hai| sAtha hI jarA aura vicAra karanese yaha bhI vidita honAtA hai ki iMdriyanita viSayoMkI tRpti karanemeM bhI sukha nahIM hai / loga kahate haiM ki miThAI khAnemeM bar3A Ananda milatA hai| dUsare zabdoM meM rasanA iMdriyakI manA lUTanemeM Ananda milatA khayAla kiyA jAtA hai; parantu yahA~ bhI bhulAvA hai / jisa samaya hama kisI gahana ciMtAmeM vyasta hote hai to hameM rasanA iMdriyakA manA tRpta nahIM kara saktA hai / hama usa vicAramagna dazAmeM yaha nahIM jAna pAte haiM ki hamane kyA aura kitanA khA liyA hai / yaha kyoM hotA hai ? yadi rasanA iMdriyameM Ananda dene yA sukhI banAnekI zakti hotI to vaha harasamaya AnaMdadAyaka honA cAhiye thI ? parantu pratyakSa aisA nahIM hotA hai / jabataka jIvAtmAkA upayoga usa iMdriyakI kriyAmeM lIna rahatA hai taba hI taka use Ananda jaisA anubhava hotA hai| isaliye kahanA hogA ki indriyajanita viSayavAsanAoMmeM bhI sukha nahIM hai / sukha svayaM hamAre bhItara hai-hamameM hai-hamArI upayogamaI mAtmAmeM hai / ataeva saccA sukha pAneke liye hamako saba hI aise sambandhoMko tyAga denA Avazyaka hai jo jIvAtmAke svabhAvake prati

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza ! [ 261 kUla haiM, aura ina parasambaMdhoM ko tyAga denA usI taraha saMbhava hai jisa taraha dehapara cipaTI huI miTTIko alaga kara denA sambhava hai / nAiTrojana aura hAiDrojana gaiseM apane sambaMdhitarUpameM apanI asalI hAlatako jAhirA gaMvA detIM haiM; parantu vaha apanI svAbhAvika dazA meM use phira prApta kara letI haiN| yahI saMsArameM rulate huye jIvake liye saMbhava hai, kintu yahAM para eka prazna agAr3I AtA hai ki sUkSmapudgala karmavargaNAyeM use duHkha aura sukha kaise pahuMcAtI haiM ? unase ekasAtha do taraha kI hAlata kaise paidA hojAtI hai ? bhagavAna pArzvanAtha dharmopadezameM isa zaGkAkA prAkRta nirasana kiyA huA milatA hai / unhoMne batalA diyA hai ki karma vargaNAoMke anekAneka bheda haiM / jitanI hI hAlateM isa saMsAra meM ho saktI haiM una sabake anurUpa karmavargaNAe~ maujUda haiM / zarIrako sirajane vAlA kevala eka nAmakarmarUpI sUkSma pudgala hI hai; parantu usake antarabheda bhI kaI haiM / haDDiyoMkA nirmANakartA eka 'asthikarma' usIkA bheda hai, kintu yaha samagra karma vargaNA meM mukhyataH ATha prakAra kI batAI gaI haiN| inhIM uttarabheda 148 hojAte haiM aura phira vaha agaNitameM bhI parigaNita kiye jAte haiN| usake mukhya ATha bheda isa prakAra batAye gae haiM: 1. jJAnAvarNIya karma - vaha zakti hai jo jIvAtmA ke jJAna guNako AcchAdita karatI hai / 2. darzanAvarNIya karma - vaha zakti hai jo jIvAtmA ke dekhanekI zakti meM bAdhA DAlatI hai / 3. aMtarAya karma - yaha AtmA ke nija balapara AcchAdana DAlatA hai /

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262] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / ___4. mohanIya karma-isake dvArA AtmAkA zraddhAna va cAritraguNa vikRta hotA hai| yahAMtaka yaha cAroM karma AtmAke nijI svabhAvake virodhaka haiM, isaliye ina cAroMko 'cAra ghAtiyA karma' kahate haiN| 5. vedanIya karma-vaha zakti hai jisake dvArA saMsArI jIvako sukha-duHkha kI sAmigrI prApta hotI hai / 6. nAmakarma-vaha zakti hai jisake dvArA jIvAtmA vividha zarIra dhAraNa karatA hai| 7. gotrakarma-vaha zakti hai jisake dvArA jIvAtmA ucca aura nIca kulameM janma letA hai| 8. aura Ayu karma-vaha zakti hai jisake dvArA jIvAtmA eka niyata kAlake liye manuSya, deva, tiryaMca aura narkagatimeM nirvAsita rahatA hai| ina ATha prakArakI karbhazaktiyoM ke kAraNa hI jIvAtmA saMsArameM sukha-duHkha bhugatatA rahatA hai / yaha karma zaktiyAM manuSyakI mana, vacana, kAyakI burI aura bhalI kriyAke anusAra jyAdA aura kama jaTila hotI rahatI haiM, yaha Upara dekhA jAcukA hai / jainazAstroMmeM bar3e vistArase ina karmazaktiyoM ke phala denekA vyaurA diyA hai| tatvArthadhigama sUtra aura gobhaTTasAranImeM isako isataraha spaSTa kara diyA hai ki manuSya apanA bhaviSya jaisA cAhe vaisA banA saktA hai| use prAkRta niyamoM kA pratyakSa anubhava ho jAtA hai, jisake bala vaha apane Aya-vyayakA lekhA barAbara milAtA rahatA hai| yaha karmavargaNAyeM harakSaNa jIvAtmAmeM AtI bhI rahatI haiM aura jhar3atI bhI

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bhagavAnakA dhrmopdesh| [263 jAtI haiM kyoMki jIvAtmA isa saMsAra meM kisI kSaNake liye bhI pratidina mana, vacana, kAyarUpI saMkalpa vikalpoMse rahita nahIM hai| yadi kisI vyaktine cir3hakara apane vipakSIke jJAnopArjanameM aMtarAya DAla diyA, usakI pustakoM ko chupAkara rakha diyA, usane vahAM apanI asat kriyAse apane AtmAke jJAnaguNako aura jyAdA Dhaka liyA; kyoMki dUsareke jJAnameM bAdhA DAlate samaya usake pariNAmoM meM vikalatA aura kAyakI asakriyA huI thI, jo tadrUpa sUkSmapudgalako apanI ora khIMcane meM mukhya kAraNa thii| isI taraha dUsareke darzana karane meM aMtarAya DAlanA, kisIko lAbha na hone denA Adi aisI kriyAyeM haiM jo AtmAmeM darzanAvarNIya antarAya Adi karmamalako adhikAdhika bar3hAtI haiN| inake baraaksa dUsaroMko jJAnadAna denA, par3hAnA, zaMkAkI nivRtti karanA, chAtravRtti denA, granthoM kA prakAza karanA Adi aise kRtya haiM jo jJAnako AvaraNa karanevAlI karmavargaNAko kSINa banA dete haiM aura isa dazAmeM jIvAtmAkA jJAna adhikAdhika pragaTa hotA hai / saMsArameM jo koI adhika jJAnavAna aura koI bilakula jar3abuddhi dikhalAI par3atA hai usakA yahI jJAnAvarNIya karmakI adhikatA athavA kamatAI kAraNa hai| isI taraha kisIko iSTadevake darzana karA denA, lAbhake mArgameMkA ror3A dUra kara denA, dharmAcaraNa karanA Adi sadasatya aise haiM jo AtmAke nijI guNoMko pragaTa hone dene meM sahAyaka haiN| isa taraha zubhAzubha karmoM dvArA AtmAkI vividha dazAeM hotI huI isa saMsAra meM dekhI jAtI haiN| _ bhagavAnne apane upadeza dvArA pratyeka manuSyake liye yaha sugama banA diyA hai ki vaha apane prayatnoM dvArA sacce sukhako

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264 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | pAle aura apane dainika maujAna roja lagA le / SaTlezyAyeM AtmAkI vividha dazAoMkA spaSTa digdarzana karA detI haiN| inake kAraNa AtmAmeM - kucha antara nahIM par3atA hai / AtmA to mUlameM darzana jJAnamaI aura nirAvaraNa haiM / yaha lezyAyeM usake sAMsArika dazAkI hInatA aura unnatAvasthAko batalAnevAlI haiM / yaha eka kAMTA hai, jisapara manuSya jIvana kI acchAI aura burAI hamezA andAjI jAsakatI hai| kucha -loga ina SaTlezyoMko makkhaligozAlake chaha abhijAti siddhAntake anusAra samajhate haiM; parantu yaha bhrama hai / gozAla jIvAtmAoM kA kAya apekSA vibhAga karatA hai aura usakI saadRshyt| bhagavAna ke batAye huye jIvoMke SaT kAya bhedase kicit avazya hotI hai ' yaha SaTlezyAyeM kRSNa, nIla, kApota, pIta, padma aura zuklarUpa batalAI gaI haiM / pahalekI tIna to niHkRSTa hai aura zeSa zubharUpa haiM / inakA bhAva samajhAneke liye jainazAstroM meM chaha manuSyoMkA udAharaNa diyA huA milatA hai / kahA jAtA hai ki chaha manuSya AmoM kA majA cakhaneke liye eka mitra ke bagIce meM pahuMce / mitra sAhaba bar3e santoSI aura zAMtipriya jIva the | unane vahAM para svataH gire huye jo Ama par3e huye the unako grahaNa karake apanI tRpti kara lii| inake eka ghaniSTa mitra jinapara inakA prabhAva kicit adhika par3A huA thA, inahIke pAsa khar3e rahakara per3ako hilA2 kara Ama lene lage / inase haTakara eka dUsare mitra the, unako itane se 10 ke zAstroMmeM kahA gayA hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIrake pitA nRpa siddhArtha kAya jIvoMkI pUrNa rakSA karate the / dekho prI0 buddhisTika -inDiyana philAsaphI pR0 303 /

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bhagavAnakA dhrmopdesh| [265 tasallI nahIM huI aura vaha caTase per3Ara car3ha gaye aura usaparase bIna2 kara AmoMse apanI jholI bharane lge| inake sAthI inase bhI eka kadama agAr3I bar3ha gaye / unane guMcedAra TahaniyoM ko tor3akara apanI hAtha bharakI jIbhakI lAlasA miTAnA cAhI / kintu ina mahAzayake par3osI inase bhI bar3e car3he nikale / unhoMne guddoM ko kATakara apanI havaza pUrI karanA caahii| parantu unake bhI guru inake hamajolI nikala par3e / unane jar3ase hI per3ako kATa lenekI ThaharAI / isataraha isa udAharaNameM Aye hue vyaktiyoM ke vyavahArase lezyAoMkA svarUpa spaSTa honAtA hai / pahale mitra sAhabake pariNAma zuklalezyArUpa the / vaha prAkRta rUpameM saMtuSTa the / unake AkAMkSAkA prAyaH abhAva thaa| dUsare per3ako hilAnevAle mahAzaya padma lezyAkI koTimeM A jAte haiM / inakI tRSNA manda rUpameM bhar3akatI kahI jAsaktI hai / per3apara car3hakara Ama tor3anevAle mahAnubhAvake bhAva pItalezyA rUpa the / yahAMtaka bhI ganImata hai / yaha pariNAma bhI jyAdA burA nahIM hai / isameM asaMtoSakI mAtrA sImAko ullaMghana nahIM kara gaI hai / kintu zeSake tInoM manuSyoMke pariNAma niHkRSTa haiM / vaha sImAko ullaMgha gaye haiM / unake kramase kApota, nIla aura kRSNa lezyAkA sadbhAva samajhanA cAhiye / isa prakArase ye lezyAyeM manuSyako usakI dainika pravRttikA spaSTa darzana karA detI haiM / pItalezyArUpa yadi usakA laukika vyavahAra hai to bhI ganImata hai / vahAMtaka vaha manuSya avazya rahegA aura avazya hI maukA pAkara padma aura zuklalezyA rUpa bhI apanI dainikacaryA banA sakegA / parantu jo vyakti kApota lezyAmeM jA phaMsA hai, usake

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! bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / liye pItalezyAmeM AnA bhI kaThina hai| phira bhalA nIla aura kRSNalezyAvAloMkI to bAta pUMchanA hI kyA hai ? UparakI tIna zubha lezyAyoMrUpa niptakA jIvanavyavahAra hogA, vahI apane nijasvarUpa arthAt sacce sukhako jaldI pA sakegA! isataraha bhagavAnakA dharmoMpadeza haratarahase manuSyako svAdhIna banAnevAlA thaa| usako vastukA svarUpa, sacce sukhakA mArga aura mArgako prakaTa batalAnevAlA kutubanumA jaisA yaMtra bhI acchItaraha samajhA diyA gayA thA / ataeva yaha manuSyakI icchApara nirbhara thA ki cAhe vaha parAdhIna banA rahe aura cAhe to svAdhIna banakara sacce sukhako pAle / yaha bAta usa samayake logoMko bhagavAnake dharmopadezase bilakula spaSTa hogaI thI ki jIvAtmA svayaM apane hI balase sacce sukhako pAsaktA hai / isaliye vaha apane hI AtmAkA Azraya lenA hara kAryameM Avazyaka samajhane lage the| svAtaMtryapriya banakara vaha nyAyocita rItise jIvana yApana karate the aura apanA uddezya sacce sukha-mokSadhAmako pAne meM rakhate the| isake lie zrIkundakundAcAryake zabdoMmeM ve loga nimna Ayako kAmameM lAte theH "jaha NAma kovi puriso rAyANaM jANiUNa saddahadi / to taM aNucaradi puNo atthatthIo payatteNa // 20 // evaM hi jIvarAyA NAdavyo tahaya sadahe dayo / aNucaridavyo ya puNo so cevadu mokkhakAmeNa // 21 // " // samayasAra // bhAva yahI hai ki jisaprakAra koI dhanakA lAlacI puruSaH rAjAko jAnakara usameM zraddhA kara letA hai aura unakI sevA bhakti

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza / [ 267 bar3e prayatna se karatA hai usI taraha mokSasukhako cAhanevAle vyaktiko apane AtmArUpI rAjAkI pahicAna karake usameM zraddhA karanI cAhiye aura phira usakI ArAdhanA karanemeM lIna hojAnA cAhiye / usako jAna lenA cAhiye ki AtmAkA svabhAva rAgAdika bhAvoM se bhinna jJAna, darzana aura sukharUpa hai / AtmA anAdi, ananta aura eka akhaNDa padArtha hai, vaha saMkalpa - vikalpase rahita zuddha buddha hai, vaha sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa se bhI rahita hai, sAkSAt saccidAnaMdarUpa hai / saca pUcho jo AtmA hai vahI paramAtmA hai jo maiM hUM so vaha hai / isaliye anyakI zaraNa meM jAnA vRthA hai / isaprakAra AtmA ke zuddhasvarUpameM zraddhAna karake, samyagdarzana aura samyagjJAnako pAkara ke AtmAke guNoMmeM vicaraNa karanA zreSTha hai / yahI samyakcAritra hai / muktikA mArga isI samyagdarzana jJAna cAritrarUpa hai; parantu sAdhAraNa jIvAtmAoMke liye sahasA yaha saMbhava nahIM hai ki vaha ekadama isa ucca dazAko prApta kara leM / vaha saMmArake moha meM phaMse huye haiM / isa kAraNa unake liye vyavahAra mokSamArgakA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai, jisapara calakara vaha nizcaya ratnatraya dharmako pA lete haiM / vyavahAra se jinendra bhagavAna dvArA pratipAdita sAta tattvoM aura nava padArtharUpa dharma meM zraddhA rakhanA samyagdarzana hai / unakA jJAna prApta karanA samyagjJAna hai aura zrIjinendradevakI upAsanA karanA, sAmAyika jApa japanA; hiMsA, jhUTha, corI, kuzIla, parigraha rUpa pAMca pApoMse dUra rahanA Adi niyama samyak cAritra meM garbhita haiM / sAmAnya jainIko madhu - madya-mAMsakA tyAga karake uparokta prakAra apanA jIvana banAnA Avazyaka hotA hai / isaprakArakA AcaraNa banA 5

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268 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / karake vaha kramazaH unnati karatA jAtA hai aura isa lihAnase usake gyAraha darne bhI niyukta haiM; jinako gyAraha pratimAyeM kahate haiN| inameM cAritrakI zuddhatA kramazaH bar3hatI gaI hai, jo AkhirameM usa mumukSuko sacce mokSamArgake dvArapara pahuMcA detI hai / parvatakI zikharapara koI bhI vyakti eka sAtha chalAMga mArakara nahIM pahuMca saktA hai / yahI dazA yahAM hai-jIvAtmA duHkhoMke gArameM par3A huA hai, vaha usase taba hI nikala sakatA hai jaba apaneko saMbhAla kara kinAre kI orako paga bar3hAtA huA bAharakI orako nikale yahAMtakake kathanase saMbhava hai ki yaha zaMkAyeM bhI agAr3I AyeM ki kabhI jIvAtmAko saMsArameM pha~sA huA duHkhI batAyA gayA hai, kabhI usIko pUrNa sukharUpa kahA hai-kabhI karmako usake duHkhakA kAraNa batalAyA hai aura kabhI usako pUrNa svAdhIna kaha diyA hai / yaha to eka gorakha dhaMdhekA sA peca hai / logoMko bhulAvemeM DAlanA hai parantu bAta dara apsala yUM nahIM hai / gambhIra vicArake nikaTa aisI zaMkAyeM kAphUra hojAtI haiN| jIvAtmAko svabhAvameM zuddha aura sukharUpa kahA gayA hai parantu vaha anAdikAlase saMsArameM karmoM ke AdhIna huA duHkha uThA rahA hai| isaliye vaha apane svabhAvako purNa pragaTa karanemeM asamartha hai / usakI dazA usa cir3iyAkI taraha hai jisake paMkha sIM diye gaye hoM aura jo ur3a nahIM saktI hai / parantu isa parAdhIna avasthAmeM bhI usake ur3anekI zakti maujUda hai / yadi vaha prayatna karake apane baMdhanoMko kATa DAle to vaha avazya ur3a saktI hai| yahI dazA saMsArameM phaMse huye jIvAtmAkI hai / saMsArI avasthAmeM vaha svAdhIna nahIM hai / karmokI jaTilatA aura zithilatAke anu

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza ! [ 269 sAra hI vaha kama aura adhika rItise apanI svAdhInatAkA upabhoga kara saktA hai; parantu isake mAne yaha bhI nahIM hai ki jaisA karma use nAca nacAyeMge vaisA vaha nAcegA ! vaha apanI kiMcit vyakta huI Atmazaktiko maukA pAkara pUrNa vyakta karanemeM prayatnazIla hotA hai - barAbara prayatna jArI rakhanepara vaha jaTila se jaTila karma dhanako naSTa kara saktA hai, kyoMki Akhirako vaha svAdhIna aura pUrNa zaktivAna hI to hai / isaliye bhagavAnne sarva jIvana vaTanAoM ko bilkula pariNAmAdhIna athavA karmAzrita hI nahIM nAnA thA aura isataraha prAkRta rUpameM jIvAtmA ke do bheda zuddha aura azuddha athavA mukta aura saMsArI batAye the / muktanIva isalokakI zikharapara sadA sarvadA anantakAla taka apane sukharUpa svabhAvameM lIna rahate haiM aura saMsArI jIva isa saMsAra meM apane bhale bure karmo ke anusAra usa samaya taka rulate rahate haiM jabataka ki vaha sarvathA kase apanA pIchA nahIM chur3A lete haiM / saMsArI jIvoMkA daza prANoMke AdhAra para jIvana yApana hotA hai / ve daza prANa sparzana, rasanA, ghANa, cakSu, zrotrarUpa pAMca iMdriyAM; mana, vacana, kAyarUpa tIna bala; Ayu aura zvAsocchvAsarUpa haiM / yaha daza prANa bhI vyavahAra ke liye haiM varan mUlameM nizcayarUpase eka cetanA lakSaNa hI jIvakA prANa hai / iMdriyoMkI apekSA jIva ekeMdriya, do iMdriya, tIna iMdriya, cAra iMdriya aura pAMca iMdriyarUpa haiM / STathivIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika aura vanaspatikAyika aneka - prakAra ke sthAvara - eka jagaha sthira rahane vAle jIva ekeMdriya haiM aura zaMkha, kar3I, bhauMrA tathA manuSya yA pazu pakSI kramase hIndriya, 1

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270 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / trIndriya, caturindriya aura paMceMdriya jIva haiN| inako basa aura caturendraya takako vikaleMdriya bhI kahate haiM / jIvake zuddha aura azuddha vyavahArako samajhaneke liye hI bhagavAnke dharmopadezameM nayoMkA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai / naya mukhyarUpameM nizcaya aura vyavahArarUpa hI haiM / nizcayanaya padArthoM ke asalI svabhAvako vyakta karatA hai aura vyavahAranayase unakI vikrata dazAoM arthAt paryAyoMkA paricaya milatA hai| isI bhedako aura spaSTa karaneke liye syAdvAda siddhAMta athavA saptabhaMgI nayakA nirUpaNa kiyA huA milatA hai / * padArthoM meM aneka guNa haiM, vaha kevala do dRSTiyoMse bhI pUrNa vyakta nahIM hosakte isIliye sAla nayoM rUpa syAdvAdasiddhAnta usako spaSTa kara detA hai / yaha syA ___* syAdvAdasiddhAMta bhagavAn mahAvIrase bahuta pahale kA hai, yaha bAta hindUzAstroMse bhI prakaTa hai| 'anujita adhyAya' (Leg S. 2-12) para TIkA karate huye nIlakaMTha kahate haiM:-" sarva saMzayatimiti syAdvAdinaH saptabhaMgI nayajJAH / " (2 zlo0 a0 49) mahAbhArata, zAMtiparva, mokSadharma a0 239 zlo. 6meM bhI isakA ullekha hai| syAdvAda siddhAMtako saMzayAtmaka mAnanA jainiyoM ke sAtha anyAya karanA hai| zrI zaMkarAcArya usake mahatvako samajha nahIM sake the, yaha mahAmahopAdhyAya DaoN. gaMgAnAtha jhA sadRza brAhmaNa vidvAn spaSTa kaha cuke haiN| praoN0 dhruvake zabdoMmeM " syAdvAdakA siddhAnta bahuta siddhAntoM ko avalokana karake unake samanvayake liye prakaTa huA hai| yaha anizcayase nahIM upajA hai| yaha hamAre sAmane ekIkaraNakA dRSTivindu upasthita karatA hai| zaMkarAcAryane jo syAdvAdapara AkSepa kiyA hai, vaha isake mUla rahasyapara barAbara nahIM baitthtaa|......anek dRSTibinduoMse dekha vimA eka samagra vastukA svarUpa nahIM samajhA jAtA aura isalie syAdvAda upayogI tathA sArthaka hai|"

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- bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza! [271 dvAda siddhAnta syAt asti, syAt nAsti, syAt astinAsti, syAt avaktavya, sthAt asti avaktavya, syAt nAsti avaktavya aura syAt astinAstiavaktavya rUpa hai / syAta astinayase dravya apane dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvarUpa sattAmeM pragaTa hotA hai / syAtnA sta dRSTise dravya apane viruddha dravyake dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvoMko na rakhaneke kAraNa nAstirUpa hai / syAt asti nAstikI apekSA dravya hai aura nahIM bhI hai / syAt avaktavyarUpase dravya vaktavyake bAhira hai / yadi hama usako usake nija aurapara donoM rUpoMse eka sAtha kahanA cAhate haiM / syAt asti avaktavya apekSA dravya apane dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvarUpa aura sAtha hI apane evaM parake saMyukta dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvarUpase hai aura avaktavya hai / syAtU nAsti avaktavya batalAtI hai ki dravya para dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvakI apekSA aura usIsamaya apane evaM parake dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvake saMyukta rUpase nAstirUpa hai aura avaktavya bhI hai aura syAt asta nAsti avaktavya dRSTise dravya apane dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvase aura sAtha hI apane va parake dravya, kSetra, kAla, bhAvake saMyukta rUpase hai, nahIM bhI hai aura avaktavya bhI hai| isa prakAra syAdvAda siddhAMtakA pratipAdana bhagavAn pArzvanAthane bhI padArthoM ko spaSTa samajhaneke lie apane dharmopadezameM kiyA thaa| padArthomeM nitya, anitya, eka, aneka Adi paraspara virodhI guNa eka sAtha dekhaneko milate haiM; parantu yaha eka sAtha kahe nahIM jAtakte / isIliye isa syAhAdasiddhAMtakI AvazyaktA hai / yaha usa padArthakI khAsa apekSAse usake guNoMko ThIka tarahase pragaTa kara detA hai varan ekAMta pakSameM par3akara

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272] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / kabhI bhI padArthakA nirNaya nahIM hosaktA hai| isa ekAMta pakSake haThameM andhoMvAlI masala caritArtha hojAtI hai / jisaprakAra kaI adhoMne hAthIke vividha aMgopAMgameMse eka2 ko dekhakara hAthIko vaisA hI mAnanekI jida kI thI, usI prakAra ekAMta dRSTise hama vastuke eka pakSako hI pragaTa kara sakte haiM aura vaha pUrNataH satya nahIM hosaktA hai / anekAMta athavA syAdvAda siddhAMtameM yahI vizeSatA hai ki vaha vastuko sarvAMga rUpameM pragaTa kara detA hai aura paraspara virodhI jaMca. nevAlI bAtoMko meTa detA hai / ukta udAharaNake andhe puruSoMkA jhagar3A isa siddhAMtakI badaulata sahajameM sulajha jAtA hai / andhoMkA eka pakSase hAthIko usake pairoM jaisA lambA yA peTa jaisA caur3A Adi mAnanA ThIka nahIM hai / parantu unakA vaha kathana asatya bhI nahIM hai / hAthI apane pairoMkI apekSA lambA bhI hai, isataraha kahanese vaha ThIka rAstepara Asakte haiM aura paraspara bhedako bheTa sakte haiM / yahI isakA mahattva hai / eka AcArya kahate haiM ki:-- 'karmadvaitaM phaladvaita lokadvaitaM ca no bhavet / vidyA'vidyAdvayaM na syAt bandhamokSadvayaM tathA // 25 // bhAvArtha-'ekAMtakI haTha karanese puNya-pApakA dvaita, sukha duHkhakA dvaita, loka paralokakA dvaita, vidyA avidyAkA dvaita tathA baMdha mokSakA dvaita kucha bhI nahIM siddha ho skegaa|' isaliye syAdvAda siddhAMta hI sarvathA padArthakA satyarUpa sujhAne meM saphala hosaktA hai / ApasI bhedoMko bhI vahI miTA saktA hai / isI siddhAMtako dhyAnameM rakhanese koI bhI zaMkAyeM agAr3I nahIM AsaktIM haiM / astu ! . bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke dharmopadezakA mahattva itanese hI hRdayaM

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza ! [ 273 1 gama hojAtA hai / samyagdarzana, samyagjJAna, samyakcAritra rUpa hI mokSakA mArga hai / isa mArgakA anusaraNa karake jIvAtmA apaneko karmo ke phande se chur3A letA hai / gata janmoMmeM kiye huye karmoMko vaha kramakara naSTa kara detA hai aura AgAmI dhyAna - jJAnakI uccatama dazAmeM pahuMca kara unake AnekA dvAra mUMda detA hai / phira vaha apane rUpako pA letA hai / jo vaha hai so hI bana jAtA hai / jIvAtmAkI Atmonnati ke lihAja se hI bhagavAnane usake liye caudaha darje batAye haiM, jinako guNasthAna kahate haiM / mohanIya karma aura mana, bacana, kAyakI kriyArUpa yogake nimittase jo AtmIka bhAva utpanna hote haiM, unhIMko guNasthAna kahate haiM / jitane 2 hI yaha bhAva AtmAke zuddha svarUpakI ora bar3hate jAte haiM utane 2 hI jIvAtmA Atmonnati karatA huA guNasthAnoM meM bar3hatA jAtA hai / yaha caudaha guNasthAna kramakara mithyAttva, sAsAdana, mizra, aviratasamyaktva, dezasaMyata, pramattasaMyata, apramattasaMyata, apUrvakaraNa, anivRttikaraNa, sUkSmasAMparAya, upazAMtamoha, kSINamoha, sayogakevalI aura ayogakevalI rUpa haiM / inameM se pahale ke pAMca guNasthAnoMko puruSa, strI, gRhastha aura zrAvaka samAna rItise dhAraNa kara sakte haiM / gyArahavIM uddiSTatyAga pratimA paryaMta, jisameM gRha tyAgI vyakti ke pAsa kevala laMgoTI mAtrakA parigraha hotA hai, zrAvaka hI saMjJA hai| isa gyArahavIM pratimAparyaMta striyAM bhI zrAvakake vrata pAla saktIM haiM / zeSameM chaThe guNa1 sthAnake uparAMta saba hI guNasthAnoM kA pAlana tilatuSa mAtra parigraha take tyAgI nitha muni hI kara pAte haiM / ina guNasthAnoMkA svarUpa saMkSepa meM isa taraha samajhanA cAhiye -

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274 ] . bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / 1-mithyAttva guNasthAnameM mithyAttvakA udaya honese rAga : dveSa Adi rahita sacce deva, sarvajJa praNIta, yuktise siddha, pUrvApara virodha rahita, Agama aura vastusthiti ke yathArtharUpa tatvoMmeM zraddhAna nahIM ho pAtA hai / anAdikAlase saMsArameM ghUmate huye jIva isI mithyAtvaguNasthAnavartI hote haiN| isa guNasthAnase nikala kara jIva ekadama cauthe guNasthAnameM pahuMca jAtA hai| use kramazaH jAnekI jarUrata nahIM hai| ___2. sAsAdana guNasthAna-meM jIvAtmAkA Atmapatana hotA hai| cauthe guNasthAnameM pahuMcakara jIvake udayameM jaba anantAnubaMdhI kaSAyameM se eka arthAt krodhakA udaya hotA hai, taba jIvAtmA patana karatA huA isa dUsare guNasthAnameM hokara pahale guNasthAnameM pahuMcatA hai / basa pahale guNasthAna taka pahuMcaneke aMtarAlameM jo bhAva rahate haiM vaha sAtAdana guNasthAna hai| arthAt samyaktvake chUTanepara mithyAtvako pAne taka jo bhAvoMkI dazA ho vahI sAsAdana guNasthAnavartI hai| 3. mizraguNasthAna meM sacce aura jhUThe deva, zAstra aura padArthakA zraddhAna eka sAtha rahatA hai| cauthe guNasthAnase patana karake hI jIva isameM AtA hai / yaha jIvakI satya aura asatyake bIcameM DAMvADola avasthAkA dyotaka hai| 4. aviratasamyaktva meM jIvAtmAko sacce deva, zAstra aura padArthameM zraddhAna to hotA hai, parantu vaha vratoMko dhAraNa nahIM kara saktA hai / ahiMsA, acaurya, brahmacarya, satya aura aparigraha yahI eka dezarUpameM paMcavrata kahegaye haiN| inakA pAlana karanevAlA jIva kabhI bhI jAnabUjhakara mana, vacana, kAyase na apane liye aura na

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza! [275 dUsareke liye jIvita prANiyoMke prANoMko apaharaNa karatA hai, na girI par3I, bhUlI aura parAI vastu grahaNa karatA hai, na parastriyoMse saMbhoga karatA hai, na jhUTha aura na dUsaroMke prANoM ko saMkaTameM DAlanevAlA satya hI kahatA hai evaM tRSNAko ekadama bar3hane na deneke liye apanI sAMsArika AvazyaktAoMko niyamita kara letA hai / sacamuca grahastha avasthAmeM ina vratoMkA pAlana karanese eka grahastha saMtoSI aura nyAyapriya nAgarika bana saktA hai / parantu isa cauthe guNasthAnameM vaha ina vratoM ko dhAraNa karanemeM svabhAvataH asamartha hotA hai| usake mohanIyakarmakI itanI jaTilatA hai ki vaha sahasA vratoMko dhAraNa nahIM kara sakA hai, yadyapi usako sacce deva, zAstra aura tatvakA zraddhAna hotA hai / isa sacce zraddhAnakI badaulata hI jIvAtmA unnati karake pAMcave guNasthAna meM pahuMcatA hai| isIliye zraddhAnakA Thoka honA bahuta jarUrI hai / samyak zraddhAna hI sanmArgameM lagAnevAlA hai| 5. dezavirata-guNasthAnameM jIvAtmA vratoM kA eka deza pAlana kara saktA hai / vaha jAnabUjhakara hiMsAdi pAMca pApoMse dUra rahatA hai| zrAvakakI gyAraha pratimAoM kA samAveza isa guNasthAna taka hojAtA hai / ina gyAraha pratimAoM kA svarUpa isa taraha hai-yaha saMsArameM phaMse huye gRhasthako kramakara mokSake mArgapara lAnevAlI haiM / inameM pravRtti mArgase chur3Akara nivRtti mArgakI ora uttarottara bar3hAnekA dhyAna rakkhA gayA hai / pahalI darzana pratimAmeM eka vyaktiko jaina dharmameM pUrNa zraddhAna rakhanA hotA hai| use usake siddhAntoMkA acchA paricaya honA Avazyaka rahatA hai tathApi vaha mAMsa, madhu, madi

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276 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / rAkA tyAgI hokara yathAzakti pAMca aNuvratoMko pAlana karanekA prayatna karatA hai / dUsarI vratapatimAmeM use ahiMsAdi pAMca aNuvratoMkA pUrNa rItise pAlana karanA hotA hai| sAtha hI 3 guNavrata aura 4 zikSAvratoMko bhI vaha pAlatA hai / dUsare zabdoMmeM vaha prati divasa niyamita rItise apane AnejAneke kSetrakI dizAoM aura dUrIkA pramANa karaletA hai, vRthAkA bakavAda athavA pApamaya kAryoMkA vicAra aura unako karanese dUra rahatA hai / zikSAvratoMmeM vaha prAtaH, divasa apane khAnapAnake padArthoMko niyamita kara letA hai, prAtaH, madhyAnha aura sAyaMkAlako bhagavAnakI pUjana karatA hai, parvake dinoMmeM upavApta karatA hai aura AhAra, auSadhi, vidyA aura abhayadAna detA hai| isataraha vaha ina vratoMkA pUrNataH pAlana karake apane tyAgabhAvako uttarottara bar3hAtA jAtA hai, aura isataraha unnati karate huye vaha apane meM samabhAvoMko arthAt saba vastuoMmeM sAmyabhAva rakhanekA prayatna karatA hai / isake liye vaha niyamita rItise pratidina sabere, dupahara aura zAmako hoziyArIke sAtha dhyAna karanekA abhyAsa karatA hai / sAmAyikakI dazAmeM vaha apane pariNAmoMko samatArUpa banAne aura apane AtmaguNoMke cintavanameM lagAtA hai / sAmAyika pAThakA prathama caraNa hI usake bhAvako spaSTa karatA hai / jaise'nita deva ! merI AtamA dhAraNa kare isa nemako, maitrI kare saba prANiyoMse, guNijanoMse premko| unapara dayA karatI rahe jo duHkha-grAha-grahIta haiM, unase udAsI hI rahe jo dharmake viparIta haiN| yaha tIsarI sAmAyika pratimA hai| cauthI proSadhopavAsa

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza ! 1 [ 277 pratimAmeM usako pratipakSakI aSTamI aura caturdazIko hoziyArIke sAtha upavAsa karane par3ate haiN| pAMcavI sacittasAga pratimAmeM vaha sacita jinameM upajane kI zakti vidyamAna ho, aisI zAka bhAjI aura jala grahaNa nahIM karatA hai / chaThI rAtribhuktityAga pratimA meM vaha rAtri ke samaya na svayaM bhojana va jalapAna karatA aura na dUsaroMko karAtA hai| sAtavIM brahmacarya pratimA meM vaha apanI vivAhitA strI takase bhI saMbhoga karanA chor3a detA hai aura vaha pUrNataH mana-vacanakAya se brahmacarya kA pAlana karatA hai / AThavIM ArambhayAga pratimA meM vaha apanI AjIvikA ke sAdhanoM kA bhI tyAga kara detA hai / dhana kamAne, bhojana banAne Adise hAtha khIMca letA hai| nauvIM parigrahasAga pratimA meM vaha sAMsArika padArthoMse apanI icchA - vAJchAko bilkula haTA letA hai aura apanI saba dhana-sampattiko tyAgakara kevala ginatIke thor3ese vastra aura baratana rakhaletA hai / dazavIM anumatisAga pratimAmeM vaha sAMsArika kAryoMke saMbandha meM apanI rAya bhI nahIM detA hai aura gyArahavI evaM antima uddiSTayAga pratimA meM vaha apane zarIrako banAye rakhaneke liye bhojanako bhikSAvRttise grahaNa karatA hai; parantu vaha una vastuoM ko grahaNa nahIM karatA hai jo khAsa usake liye banAI gaI hoN| vaha eka cAdara aura laMgoTIko rakhakara ailaka padako pA letA hai| ailaka dazA meM vaha hAthoM meM hI lekara bhojana grahaNa karatA hai / yaha donoM mahAnubhAva apane sAtha eka kamaNDalu aura morapaMkhakI pIchI rakhate haiN| tathApi kSullaka eka piNDapAtra bhI rakhate haiM / inakI bhikSAvRtti bhI svAdhInarUpa hotI hai / yaha kisIse yAcanA nahIM karate haiM / jo AdarabhAva se unako

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m 278] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / niyamitarUpameM bhojanake samaya AmaMtrita karake zuddha AhAra dete haiM unhIMke yahAM vaha AhAra grahaNa karate haiN| ina gyAraha pratimAoMmeM kramazaH tyAgabhAva uttarottara bar3hatA gayA hai aura AkhirameM usa zrAvakakA jIvana eka sAdhu ke samAna hI karIba2 hogayA hai / yahAMtaka striye bhI isa cAritrako dhAraNa karasaktI haiM; parantu vaha apanI prAkRta lajjAke kAraNa vastratyAgakara nigraMtha avasthAko dhAraNa nahIM kara pAtIM haiM / isa pAMcabe guNasthAna taka jIvAtmA ina gyAraha pratimAoM rUpa hI apanA AcaraNa banAsaktA hai| pUrNa rItise vaha ahiMsAdi bratoMkA pAlana nahIM karasaktA hai / nigraMtha muni hI pUrNarItise ina vratoM kA pAlana karate haiN| 6. pramattasaMyataguNasthAnameM yadyapi puruSa digaMbara muni ho jAtA hai aura sarva prakArake parigrahako tyAga detA hai, parantu to bhI usake pariNAma zarIrakI mamatAmeM kadAcit jhuka jAte haiN| yaha pramattabhAva hai arthAt dhyAnakI ekAgratAmeM lAparavAI yA kotAI hai| yahAMse saba guNasthAna nigraMtha muni avasthAke hI haiN| ___7-apramattavirata-guNasthAnameM pramattabhAvako chor3akara muni pUrNarUpase mahAvratoMko pAlana karatA hai aura dharmadhyAnameM lIna rahatA hai / yahAMse AtmonnatikA mArga do zreNiyoM meM ba~Ta jAtA hai-(1) upazamazreNI, jiptameM cAritra mohanIya karmakA upazama ho jAtA hai aura (2) kSapakazreNI, jisameM isa karmakA bilkula nAza hojAtA hai| yahI mokSakA Avazyaka mArga hai, cAritra mohanIya karmake udayase jIvAtmAke samyakcAritra pragaTa hone meM bAdhA upasthita rahatI hai| isakA nAza hote hI samyakcAritrakA pUrNatAse pAlana hone lagatA

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza ! [ 279. hai, AtmadhyAnakI ekAgratA honAtI hai, jisase svasvarUpakI prApti: hotI hai / isIliye kahA gayA hai ki : 'khAnA calanA sovanA, milanA vacana vilAsa / jyauM jyauM paMca ghaTAiye, tyauM tyauM dhyAna prakAsa / / 62 / / AgamagyAna sadA vratavAna, tapai tapa jAna tihUM guna pUrA / dhyAna mahAratha dhArana kArana, hoya dhuraMdhara so nara sUrA // dhyAna abhyAsa lahai sivavAsa, vinA bhavapAsa parai dukha bhuuraa| karma mahAdi saila baDe bahu, dhyAna su vajra karai cakacUrA / / 63 / / bhASA dravyasaMgraha dyAnatarAyakRta || isa guNasthAna se dhyAnakI uttarottara vRddhi honA prArambha ho jAtA hai / 8. apUrvakaraNa - guNasthAna meM usa vicAra - kriyA (Thoughtactivity) ko muni prApta hotA hai jisako abhItaka unakI AtmA ne prApta nahIM kiyA hai| Arta, raudra dharma aura zukla ina cAra dhyAnoM meM sarva aMtima sarvocca zukladhyAnakA prathama anubhava isI guNasthAna meM hotA hai / AtmA zuddha rUpakA dhyAna zuddha rIti se yahIM hotA hai| Arta aura raudra dhyAna bure dhyAna haiM, yaha kaSAyoM ko liye huye haiM / dharmadhyAna inase acchA zubharUpa hai aura zukladhyAna to sarvocca AtmadhyAna hI haiM / 9. anivRttikaraNa - guNasthAna meM uparokta vicAra - kriyA (karaNa) aura adhika bar3ha jAtI hai jisameM aura bhI adhika zuddhadhyAna hotA hai, jo prathama zukladhyAnakA hI eka darjA hai / 10. sUkSmasAmparAya - guNasthAna meM bahuta hI mAmUlI tarI -

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280 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / kese moha zeSa raha jAtA hai| saba hI kaSAyavAsanAoMkA nAza athavA upazama honAtA hai, kevala sUkSma saMjvalana lobha-bahuta hI kama nAmakA lobha raha jAtA hai, yahAM bhI prathama zukladhyAna hai| 11. upazAntamoha-guNasthAnameM mohakA upazama hojAtA hai arthAt vaha daba jAtA hai, niSkriya hojAtA hai / yaha bhAva samasta cAritramohanIya karmoke upazamase hotA hai, yaha bhI prathama zukladhyAnakA bheda hai / yadi koI munijana vizeSa balavAna na huye to vaha yahAMse patana karake cauthe athavA dasaveM guNasthAnameM pahuMca jAte haiM / varan vaha dRr3hatApUrvaka AThaveM guNasthAnakI kSapakazreNImeM unnati karane lagate haiN| 12. kSINamoha-guNasthAnameM mohakA abhAva honAtA hai / samasta cAritramohanIya karmokA nAza yahAM hojAtA hai / zukladhyAnakA dUsarA darjA, jo pahalese adhika vizuddha hai, yahIM pragaTa hotA hai / muni daza guNasthAnase sIdhe isa guNasthAnameM Ate haiM, gyArahaveM guNasthAnameM jAnekI jarUrata nahIM hai, kyoMki vaha upazama zreNIse sambaMdhita hai| 13. sayogakevalI-guNasthAna cAra ghAtiyAkarma rahita jIvAtmAkI zarIrasahita zuddha dazA hai| yahAM jJAnAvarNIya, dazanAvarNIya, antarAya aura mohanIya karmokA sarvathA nAza hojAtA hai; jo AtmAke nijaguNoMke pragaTa hone meM bAdhaka haiM / basa inake naSTa honese AtmA zuddha, buddha, jIvita paramAtmA hojAtA hai, jisako arhata kahate haiN| . pUrNa jJAna, pUrNa darzana aura pUrNa sukhakA AtmA yahAM AdhikArI ho jAtA hai| sarvajJadazAmeM vaha dharmake tatvoMkA yathAvat pratipAdana karatA

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza 28 9 hai / isa dazA meM AtmAmeM sakaMpapanA maujUda rahatA hai / kintu -- 14- ayogakevalI guNasthAna meM yaha saMkapapanA bilakula mokSa prApta kara naSTa hojAtA hai / yaha guNasthAna sayogakevalIke ke sirpha itane antarAla kAlameM prApta hotA hai ki a, i, u, R, lR, ina pAMca akSaroMkA uccAraNa mAtra hI kiyA jAsake / isake bAda jIvAtmA zarIra chor3akara nijarUpa hokara pUrNa sukha aura zAMtika adhikArI anAdikAlake lie hojAtA hai aura siddha vahalAtA hai / vaha isa lokake zikharapara nijAnandamaya huA anaMtakAlake liye tiSThA rahatA hai / duHkha-zoka Adi vahAM use kucha bhI nahIM satA pAte haiN| vaha saccidAnanda rUpa hojAtA hai| isaprakAra bhagavAn pArzvanAthakA dharmopadeza prAkRta rUpameM saMsAra tApase tape huye bhayabhIta prANIko zAMtipradAna karAnevAlA saMdeza thA / vaha raGkase rAva banAnevAlA thA / parAdhInatA ke palese chur3Akara svAtaMtrya sukhako dilAnevAlA thA / sAMsArika viSayavAsanAoM aura vAMchA akAMkSAoMse kamajora huI AtmAoM ko siMha samAna nirbhIka aura balavAna banA denA, isa dharmopadezakA mukhya kArya thA / nigraMtha muniyoMkI caryA siMhavRttike samAna hotI hai / jisataraha prAkRta rUpameM nizaGka hokara araNya kesarI bana vihAra karatA hai, usI taraha digambara bheSako dhAraNa kiye huye munirAja bhI niDara hokara vana - kaMdarAoM meM vicarate rahate haiM aura sadaiva Atma svAtaMtryakA maMtra japate haiM / kintu siMhake pAsa jAne meM itara prANiyoMko bhaya mAlUma detA hai, para una Atma svAtaMtrya sthalI meM siMha samAna vicaranevAle munirAjake nikaTa harakoI nirbhaya hokara pahuMca saktA

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282] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / aura AtmakalyANa kara saktA hai| yahI munirAja apane prakhara AtmadhyAnake balase antameM trilokyapUjya aura saccidAnandarUpa sAkSAta paramAtmA hojAte haiM, yaha Upara batAyA hI jAcukA hai| - saMsArake indrAyaNa phalake samAna viSayabhogoMmeM phaMse huye jIvoMke lie yaha sugama nahIM hotA hai ki vaha ekadama apanI pravRttiko badala deM isIliye bhagavAnane eka niyamita DhaMgase kramakara apanI pravRttiko badalanA Avazyaka batalAyA thaa| zAsvata sukha prApta karaneke liye sAtvika manovRttiko utpanna karanA prArambhameM jarUrI hotA hai / usI anurUpa bhagavAnake dharmopadezameM mAMsa, madhu, madirA Adi padArthoko grahaNa na karanekI manAI thii| yaha akhAdya padArtha the| praNiyoMke prANoM kI hiMsA karake yaha mila sakte haiM / aura koI bhI prANI apane prANoMko chor3anA nahIM cAhatA hai / sabako hI apane prANa priya haiM / isaliye mAMsako grahaNa karanA prAkRta ayukta ThaharatA hai| isa niyamako grahaNa karate hI prANI sAmyabhAvake mahattvako samajha jAtA hai / vaha jAna letA hai ki jisataraha mujhe apane prANa, apanA dhana, apane baMdhu priya haiM, vaise hI dUsaroMko bhI vaha priya haiN| isa avasthAmeM vaha vizvamakA pATha khataH hRdayaMgama kara letA hai aura apanA jIvana aisA sarva hitamaI banA letA hai ki usake dvArA sabakI bhalAI hotI hai / phira vaha uttarottara apane samatAbhAvako bar3hAtA jAtA hai aura sAMsArika vastuoMse mamattva ghaTAkara apane AtmAke dhyAnameM lIna hone kA prayatna karatA rahatA hai / isake liye vaha niyamita tyAga aura saMyamakA pAlana karatA hai| saMsArake kolAhalase dUra rahakara tapazcaraNakA abhyAsa karatA hai / jisa taraha graha

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bhagavAnakA dharmopadeza ! [ 283 sthadazA meM rahakara vaha eka Adarza gRhastha hotA hai, usI taraha gRhatyAgakI isa avasthA meM vaha parama tapasvI hotA hai / tapakA mahatva akathanIya hai, vaha harahAlata meM upAdeya hai / praoN0 jemsa nAmaka eka 1 amerikana tatvajJAnI isa tapakA mahatva isaprakAra likhate haiM- 'vairAkI bhAvanA aura dehadamana upayogI hai| jisataraha vImA kampanI meM thor3Ara rupayA jamA karate rahane se antameM vaha rupayA upayogI hue. vinA nahIM rahatA, usI prakAra dehadamanake liye kI huI tapasyAyeM bhI AtmA meM aimA bala utpanna kara detI haiM ki kramakramase vaha AtmA jinapadako prApta kiye binA nahIM rahatA | "" sacamuca ekadama na uccakoTikA saMyama aura tapakA hI pAlana kiyA jApaktA hai aura na ekadama jJAna yA kalyANakI ho prApti hosakta hai| usameM dhAre2 hI gati hotI hai aura vaise2 hI jJAna aura kalyANa bhI prApta hotA hai / zurU meM yaha mArga nAgavAra mAlUma hotA hai; kintu jahAM tanika usa mAgameM gAte huI ki bar3e kaThina jaMcane vAle niyama bhI bilkula sugama dRSTi par3ane lagate haiM / isa taraha para pArzvanAthanokA dharmopadeza thA - yaha kisI bhedabhAva yA pakSapAtako liye huye nahIM thA / pratyeka prANo hara paristhitimeM apanA AtmakalyANa i kI ArAdhanAse kara saktA hai / bhIru aura kamajora AtmAoM ko vIra aura balavAna banAnevAlA yaha mArga thA / kSatriya. ziromaNi ikSvAku - kulaketu kAzyapaprabhU - mahAvIra pArzvadvArA pratipAdita huA yaha dharma sarvathA vIra AtmAoM dvArA to apanAyA hI jAtA rahA hai; parantu nIca aura bhIru cora - DAkU jaise pApI bhI isakI zaraNa meM Akara apanA AtmakalyANa kara sake the| bhagavAnake dharmamArgakA dvAra kevala

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284] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / manuSyoM ke hI liye nahIM balki pazuoMtakake liye khulA huA thaa| vaha sabako trANadAtA thA, zAMtisAmrAjyako sirajanevAlA thaa| sacamuca vaha thAH-- Adi anta Avirodha yathAratha, jo bhASata saba vastu vidhaann| jo anAdi ajJAna nivArata, jA samAna hitaheta na Anana / 'jAko sujasa tihUM jaga vyApata, indra alApata tanananatAnana bhavikasandako sobhadhAra hai, jo saba nigamAgamako Anana / / ghRmopadezakA bhAva 'yamIzvaraM vIkSya vidhUtakalmaSaM, tapodhanAste'pi tathA bubhUSavaH / vanaukasaH svazramavandhyabuddhayaH, zamopadeza zaraNaM prapedire // 134 // zrI samantabhadrAcAryaH / gahana gaMbhIra vanoM meM zItalajalamayI saritAoM ke kinAre vAnaprastha RSiyoM ke bar3e bar3e Azrama the / pratidivasa bar3e samArohake sAtha vahAM agnihotra vidhAna hotA thaa| naramedha, gaumedha Adike nAmase jIvita prANiyoM ke mUlyamaya prANa balivedIpara utsargIkRta kiye jAte the / svargasukhake lAlaca aura pitRRNake bhayake kAraNa parAvalambI banI huI janatA isa kAryako haThAt kara rahI thii| udhara svayaM jaTilAdi vAnaprastha RSigaNa apanI iMdriyaliptAko adhika sImita nahIM rakha sake the / putramukhake darzana karanA unake nikaTa bhI eka kartavya thA, yaha saba kucha hama pahale dekha cuke haiM kintu bhagavAn

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dharmopadezakA prabhAva / [285 pArzvanAthajIne jyoMhI satyakA siMhanAda prAkRtarUpameM ghoSita kiyA thA tyoMhI ina gahanavanoMke bhItaravAle AzramoM meM bhI halacala maca gaI thI, agnihotrikI ucca jvAlAyeM eka kSaNake liye thama gaI thiiN| ziSyagaNa evaM sAdhAraNa janatA dharmake nAmapara kI jAnevAlI isa hiMsAke viSayameM sazaGka ho spaSTarUpase isakA samAdhAna karanekA Agraha karane lage the / satyakA vahAMpara prAyaH abhAva dekha kara kaha bhagavAnakI zaraNameM Aye the / yahI kAraNa thA ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthakA sambodhana usa prAcInakAlameM "sarvajanapriya" ( People's Favourite ) ke nAmase hone lagA thaa| IsAkI prAraMbhika zatAbdiyoMmeM huye zrI samanbhadrAcAryanI bhI yahI kahate haiM ki jisa ghAtiyA karmoM ke nAza karanevAle tInalokake svAmI pArzvaprabhuko dekha vanavAsI kutapasvI, paJcAgni Adi sAdhanoMmeM viphala manoratha hote hue, bhagavAnake sadRza honekI icchAse, zAMtike upadeza bhagavAn athavA jisameM zAMtikA upadeza hai aisA mokSamArga usake zaraNIbhUta huye arthAta sacce mArga meM lage the / " zakasaMvat 736meM huye zrI jinasenAcArya bhI apane "pArzvabhyudaya kAvya" meM yahI kahate haiM, yathA'iti viditamahardi dharmasAmrAjyamindrA, jinamavanatibhAjo bhejire nAkabhAjAm / zithilitavanavAsAH prAktanI projjhya vRtti, zaraNamupayayusta tApasAH bhktinmraaH|| 69 // ' "TIkA-jaTilAdayaH kutApatAH nikAyakleze niSphalatvaM nizcinvantaH / tapomahimnA prAptodayaM pArzvatIrthakaraM tattapolabdhukAmAH zaraNaM yayuriti bhAvaH / yo girAT / " .

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286] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / ___ bhAva yahI hai ki jaTela Adi kutApasa jo the vaha apane paJcAgni AdirUpa kAyakleza evaM anya dhArmika kriyAyoMko niSphala hote dekhakara bhagavAn pArdhanAthakI zaraNa meM Aye the| bhagavAna ke prAkRta saMdeza meM zAMti aura sukha kA spaSTa vidhAna thA / vaha yuktise pratyakSa buddhigrAhya thA, usako pAkara apane ekAMta pakSameM vidharmiyoM kA vizvAsa kho baiThanA svAbhAvika hI thA ! vahAM haThapakSa to thA nahIM, saralatA thI, satya ko pAnekI abhilASA thii| yahI kAraNa thA ki bahujana bhagavAnakI zaraNameM Aye the| IsAkI AThanIM zatAbdike vidvAna maharSi zrI guNabhadrAcAryanI bhI apane " uttarapurANa " meM kahate haiM ki: 'tadA kevalapUnAM ca sureMdrA nirartayan / saMbaropyAttakAlAdi labdhiH zamamupAgamat // 145 / / prApatsamyaktvasaMzuddhiM dRSTvA tdvnvaasinH| tApasAstyaktamithyAtvAH zatAnAM sapta saMyamaM // 146 // gRhAtvA zuddhasamyaktvAH pArzvanAthaM kRtaadraaH| sarve pradakSiNIkRsa praNemuH pAdayordvayoH // 147 // arthAt jisa samaya bhagavAn pArdhanAthako kevalajJAna kI prApti hogaI thI to usI samaya iMdrAdi devoMne Akara kevalajJAnakI pUjA kI aura vaha saMvara nAmakA jyotiSIdeva bhI kAlAdi labdhike prApta honese atyanta zAMta hogyaa| usane zuddha samyagdarzana dhAraNa kiyA tathA use dekhakara usa vanameM rahanevAle sAtasau tapasviyoMne mithyAtva chor3akara saMyama dhAraNa kiyA, zuddha samyagdarzana svIkAra

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dharmopadezakA prabhAva / [287 kiyA aura una sabane bar3e Adarase zrI pradakSiNA dekara una (bhagavAn) ke donoM caraNakamaloM ko praNAma kiyA / " (uttarapurANa Ta0 578) yahI bAta uparAntake jainAcArya bhI kahate haiM / saM0 1464 meM huye zrI sakalakIrtinI bhI likhate haiM ki 'ninendrarUpI bhAnuke udayake hote hI sAdhu, munizvaroMkA saMcAra hogayA thA aura jaTilAdi kuliMgI tApasa jo the vaha taskaroMke samAna vilIna hogaye the / ' ('jinabhAnUdaye saMcaraM ti sAdhu munIzvarAH / tadA kuliMgino maMdA nazyati taskarA iva // 17 // 23 // ) saM0 1654 meM zrIcaMdrakIrti dvArA racita pArzvacaritameM bhI isa bAtakA samarthana kiyA gayA hai| vahAM likhA hai ki 'sAdhAraNa janatAne prasanna bhAvase bhagavAnake upadezAmRtakA pAna kiyA thA / ' (lokAH prasannabhAvena pItArhadvAksudhArA / ) zrI caMdrakIrtinIke samakAlIna zvetAmbarAcArya zrI bhAvadevamUrine bhI apane "pArzvanAthacarita meM aneka manuSyoMkA bhagavAnake dharmako grahaNa karanA likhA hai / (sarga 6, zlo0 256-257) antataH kavivara zrIbhUdharadAsajI bhI bhagavAnake isa divya prabhAvakA ullekha nimna prakAra karate haiM: "vacana kiranasauM mohatama, miTyau mahA dukhadAya / vairAge jagajIva bahu, kAla labdhi bala pAya / samyakadarasana Adasyo, mukti tarovara mUla / saMkAdika mala parihare, gaI janmakI mUla // tahAM sAtasai tApasI, karata kaSTa ajJAna / dekhi jinesura saMpadA, jagyau jathAratha gyAna //

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bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | / 288 ] daI tIna paradacchinA, paradacchinA, pranameM pArasadeva / svAmi- carana saMyama dhasyau, niMdI pUrava deva || dhanya jinesurake vacana, mahAmaMtra mahAmaMtra dukhata | mithyAmata - viSadhara - Dase, nirviSa hohiM turaMta // " ( pArzvapurANa ) sarvajJakathita vANIkA prabhAva sarvavyApI honA svAbhAvika hI hai / usake samakSa alpamativAle ekAMta pakSiyoMkA apane mArga meM rahanA kaThina hai / bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke usa samayakI dhArmika pragatipara yadi dRSTi DAlI jAve to vahAMse bhI isa hI vyAkhyAkI puSTi hotI hai| unake uparAntake prakhyAta matapravartakoM meM hama khAsa taurapara hiMsA kAryako dUsarI tarahase samarthana karate huye pAte haiM / vaha jIvAtmA aura pApa puNyako meTakara apanI ciragrasita jihvA - laMpaTatAkI siddhi karate huye pAye jAte haiM / ' itane se hI kArya nahIM calA thA, balki yaha khAsa matapravartaka apane mUla vAnaprastha dharma se alaga hokara naye matoMkA pracAra karane lage the| AjIvaka saMpradAyakA janma isI samaya vAnaprasthoMmeMse huA thA aura unhoMne bhagavAnake batAye hue dharmameM se bhI munike digaMbara bheSa aura pUrvomeM se kucha aMza grahaNa kara liyA thI / sAdhAraNa rIti se yahAM para ina khAsa parvatakoMkI caryA para eka dRSTi DAlakara yaha dekha lenA sugama hogA ki sacamuca bhagavAna pArzvanAthake upadezakA prabhAva usa samaya digantavyApI hogayA thA / 1 - bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha pR0 16-28 / 2 - bhagavAna mahAvIra pR0 163 aura vIra varSa 3 aMka 11-12 /

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dharmopadezakA prbhaav| [289 bhagavAn pArzvanAtha nIke uparAnta vaidika dharmameM hamako pippalAda nAmaka AcAryakA mukhyatAse patA calatA hai| inake siddhAMtoM kA vivecana 'praznopaniSada meM kiyA gayA hai| inake chaha samasAmayika RSi sukezasa bhAradvAja, zaivya satya kAma, sauryAyanina gArgya, kauzalya AzvalAyayana, bhArgava vaidarbhI aura kabandhina kAtyAyana the|' pippalAdakA samaya ma0 buddhase bahuta pahale khayAla nahIM kiyA jAtA hai, yadyapi jaina harivaMzapurANameM inakA ullekha yAjJavalkyake sAtha kiyA gayA haiM ' kintu bauddhagranthoM meM ma0 buddhake eka adhika vayaprApta samakAlIna matapravartaka kakuDa kAtyAyana (pakur3a kAtyAyana)kA ullekha milatA hai / yahAMpara kAtyAyana jo mukhya nAma hai vaha pippalAdake samaptAmAyika RSi kavandhinakAtyAyanakA bhI hai aura kabandhina evaM kakur3a vizeSaNa eka hI bhAvako pragaTa karanevAle batAye gaye haiN| isa kAraNa pippalAda kAtyAyanase pahale huye the, jo mabuddhakA samakAlIna thaa| dUsare zabdoMmeM jaba pippalAdakI avasthA acchI taraha bhara cukI thI taba kAtyAyana yuvAvasthAmeM paga bar3hA rahA thaa| isa dazAmeM bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke dharmopadezake kiJcit. bAda hI pippalAdakI prakhyAti huI svIkAra kI jA saktI hai / astu; ina brAhmaNa RSi pippalAdakI gaNanA umAsvAti AcAryake tatvArthasUtrakI TIkAmeM ajJAnavAda (ajJAnI kudRSTiH)meM kI gaI hai| yadyapi praznopaniSadameM vaha eka mAnya RSi svIkAra kiye gaye haiM; jo brAhmaNa dRSTise ThIka hI hai / pippalAdane IzvaravAdako jo nayA 1-prazropaniSad 1|1|2-hrivNshpuraann 0 249 / 3-prI-buddhisTika inDiyana philAsaphI pR0 226-227 / 4-rAjavArtikajI (81) pR0 294 /

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290] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / rUpa diyA thA, vaha una para kisI bAhya prabhAvako par3A vyakta karatI hai / unakA kahanA thA ki sRSTikA sadbhAva prajApatise huA hai jo sArvabhaumika puruSa (vaizvAnara puruSa) athavA sUrya hai jisakA svabhAva agni hai / sRSTi racanA karanekI icchA karake prajApatine apane svabhAvakA dhyAna kiyA aura usake bala apane zarIrameMse eka jor3A (mithuna) pudgala (rayi) aura prANako utpanna kiyA / inhIMse sRSTi hogii| 'yahI donoM-rayi aura prANa-sAMkhyamatake puruSa aura prakRtike samAna hI hai, jinakI sadRzatA jainadharmake jIva aura anIva bhedase bahuta kucha hai / ekadRSTi se pippalAdane apane ukta mantavyameM bhagavAn pArzvanAthake upadezakI nakala hI karanI cAhI hai / bhagavAnane kahA thA ki mUlameM jIvAtmA hI apanA saMsAra Apa banAtA hai aura svabhAva apekSA saba hI jIva ekase haiM / isaliye vahI svayaM sRSTi ke racayitA haiM, jisameM pudgala aura vyavahAra prANoMkI mukhyatA hai| yahI nahIM, vaha yaha bhI kahatA hai ki prANa (=cetanAmaI jIva) hI pudgalako eka niyamita zarIrakA rUpa dete haiM aura jaba vaha usase alaga hotA hai taba vaha zarIra naSTa honAtA hai / bhagavAn pArzvanAthane pudgalamaI zarIrase jIvakA alaga honA aura usake alaga honepara zarIrakA vighaTanA batalAyA hI thaa| pippalAda jo isa prakAra IzvaravAdako naye DhaMgase jainadharmase sadRzatA rakhatA huA, pratipAdana kara rahA hai, vaha bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke dharmaprabhAvake kAraNa hI kahA jA saktA hai| pippalAdase kauzalake AzvalAyanane katipaya prazna kiye the| 1-prI-buddhi0 inDi0 philA0 pR. 228 / 2-pUrva0 pR. 209 /

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dharmopadezakA prabhAva | [ 291 1 usane pUchA thA ki prANoMkI utpatti kahAMse hai ? vaha zarIra meM kaise Ate haiM ? zarIrako chor3a kaise jAte haiM ? isI sambandhake usane aneka prazna kiye the / pippalAdane ina praznoMko bahuta hI kaThina eka ' atiprazna ' batalAye the' to bhI yathAzakti uttara dete huye usane kahA thA ki prANoMkI utpatti AtmAse athavA apane nijI *svAbhAva (Inner cssence ) se hotI hai| jIvana meM AtmA usI taraha hai jisataraha sUrya meM parachAI par3atI hai / ( 'AtmanA eSaH prANo jAyate / yathaiva puruSe chAyA etasminnetad Atatam | praznopaniSad 3 / 3 / ') AtmA samrATvat zarIrake madhya hRdayameM rahatA hai jisase zarIrakI 101 nAr3iyAM nikalatI haiN| inhIMke dvArA Atma-samrATa apanI AjJAoM kI pUrti itara bhAgoMse karAtA hai / yaha AtmA zarIrako mRtyuse chor3a jAtI hai / maraNa samaya aura zAyada janmate - samaya bhI iMdriyanita jJAna (Sense - faculties) manameM kendrIbhUta rahatA hai | AtmA iMdriyajanita jJAnase svataMtra aura jJAnamaya hokara apane pUrva saMkalpita acche, bure yA mizrita loka ( yathAsaMkalpitam lokam ) ko jAtA hai / apane hI prakAzase vaha mArga dekhatA hai| aura apane prANoMkI zakti se yaha lejAyA jAtA hai / AtmA athavA puruSako usane zuddha upayogamaI ( vijJAnAtmA ) mAnA thA kintu usane apane khAsa zabdoM ko itanA aspaSTa kahA hai ki unakA artha lagAnA bhI muzkila hai / to bhI usane puruSake liye prANa, prakRtike lie rayI, vyaktake liye mUrta aura avyaktake lie amUrta 1- prI0 buddhisTika inDiyana philAsaphI pR0 231-232 / 2- pUrva0 pR0 232 / 3 - pUrva0 pR0 233 / 4- pUrva0 pR0 235 /

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292 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | Adi zabda bilkula naye naye hI vyavahRta kiye the|' isa sabakA kAraNa bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke dharmopadezakA digantavyApI honA kahA jA saktA hai kyoMki bhagavAn pArzvanAthane batalA diyA thA ki nizvayase AtmAkA nijasvabhAva - cetanA lakSaNa hI prANa hai parantu vyavahAra apekSA unane iMdriyAdi daza prANa batalA diye the, jinakA prAdurbhAva AtmApara hI avalaMbita thA aura isI bhAvako pippalAda bhI darzAne kI koziSa karatA hai, parantu vaha apanI asamarthatA pahale hI svIkAra karaletA hai / AtmAko jIvanameM parachAIM rUpa arthAt pUrNa vyakta na mAnanA bhI ThIka hai, kyoMki bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIne logoM ko batalA diyA thA ki sAMsArika jIvana meM AtmA apane asalI rUpa meM pUrNa vyakta nahIM rahatA hai / mRtyu samaya AtmAkA zarIrako chor3akara apane saMkalpita - nidAna kiye huye sthAnapara janma lete batalAnA bhI eka taraha se ThIka hai; parantu AtmAkA zarIra ke madhya hRdaya meM birAjamAna rahate kahanA Adi bAteM usakI nijI kalpanA hai / hAM, maraNoparAnta mArga meM AtmA apane hI balase jAtA hai yaha ThIka hai / usake prANoMkI zakti pUrvasaMcita karma vargaNAoM kI sadRzatA rakhatI haiM / vaha prANa, mUrta, amUrta Adi naye zabda vyavahAra meM lArahA hai, vaha bhI hamAre kathana ke samarthaka haiM; kyoMki yaha zabda jaina dharma ke khAsa zabda (Technical Terms) haiN| ataeva pippalAdake isa saiddhAMtika vivecanase yaha spaSTa hai ki usane purAtana vaidika mantavyoM ko bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke dharma ke sAdRzya banAne ke liye, ukta prakAra prayatna kiyA thA jisako jainAcArya ajJAna mithyAtvameM 1 - pUrva 0 pR0 233 /

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dharmopadezakA prabhAva / [293 parigaNita karate haiM / yaha bhagavAna pArzvanAthake prabhAvako spaSTa karatA hai| pippalAdane svAmakI paramocca dhyAnamagna avasthAmeM pahuMcakara AtmAkA 'para akSara AtmA' arthAt paramAtmA honAnA bhI svIkAra kiyA hai| jisa samaya svapnamagna dazAmeM saba saMkalpa-vikalpa thama jAte haiM aura AtmA paramAtma-dazA (Divine State)ko prApta honAtA hai| isaliye usane sabakA uddezya eka paramAtmA mAnA thA, jo usake nikaTa azarIrI, avarNI aura prakAzamAna hai| vaha yaha bhI kahatA hai ki jo koI usa paramAtmAko jAna letA hai vaha sarvajJa honAtA hai| yahAM bilkula hI bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke siddhAntakI nakala kI gaI hai| sacamuca zurUse Akhira taka pippalAda jIvAtmAko apane hI balase paramAtma pada prApta karaneko spaSTa karaneke lie prayatna karatA najara AtA hai| usane purAtana vaidika dharmako bhagavAnake dharmopadezase sadRzatA lAneke liye jAhirA prayatna kiyA thA aura yaha isIliye Avazyaka thA ki bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIkA dharmopadeza usasamaya bahu pracalita horahA thA ! pippalAdake sAtha hI dUsare prakhyAt brAhmaNa RSi bhAradvAja hameM milate haiM, jinakA siddhAnta 'muNDakopaniSad'meM garbhita hai| inakA astitva bhI bauddha dharmakI utpattise pahale arthAt bhagavAn pArzvanAtha nIke tIrthameM eka svataMtra 'muNDaka' saMpradAyake netA rUpameM milatA hai / bauddhoMke 'aGgutaranikAya meM inake matakI gaNanA 'muNDakasAvaka' ke nAmase eka alaga saMpradAyameM kI gaI hai / jaina rAjavA 1-pUrva0 pR. 236 / 2-pUrva0 pR0 239-240 / 3-DaoNyalaoNgsa oNpha dI buddha, bhAga 2 pR. 220 /

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294] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / tikameM inheM kriyAvAdI batalAyA gayA hai| muNDakoMne apaneko brAhmaNa RSiyoMse, jo banameM rahate, tapa tapate aura pazu yajJa karate the, evaM gRhasthAzramI viproMse pRthak vyakta karane ke liye apanA vaha saMpradAya alaga sthApita kiyA thaa| ve zira mur3Akara bhikSAvRttise udara poSaNa karate the| vaha jAhirA jaTAdhArI brAhmaga RSeyoMse alaga the, parantu mUlameM vaha pUrNataH vedavirodhI nahIM the| unane inameMse madhyapuruSakA sthAna grahaNa kiyA thaa| bhAradvAna muMDe sira rahanese 'muNDa' nAmase prakhyAt huA anumAna kiyA jAtA hai aura usake ziSya 'muNDa zrAvaka' kahalAte the| yahAMpara isataraha eka alaga saMpadAya sthApita karane kA koI kAraNa bhI avazya honA cAhiye / sAdhAraNaH koI kAraNa dikhAI nahIM par3atA, sivAya isake ki bhagavAn pArzvanAtha nIke dharmopadezakA prabhAva yahAM bhI kAryakArI huA ho ! bhagavAna ke batAye huye zrAvaka mArga meM sAtavIM brahmacarya pratimAke dhArI zrAvaka sira bhI muMr3Ate haiM aura bhikSAvRttise brahmacarya pUrvaka rahakara jIvana bitAte haiM aura AThavIM pratimAmeM pUrNataH Arambha tyAgI hoM nAte haiN| uparokta muNDaka saMpadAyake bhikSuoMkA jIvana bhI isI tarahakA thA aura unakA nikAsa brahmacAriyoM meMse huA kahA bhI jAtA hai tathApi jo unake sAtha 'zrAvaka' zabda lagA huA hai, vaha spaSTa prakaTa kara detA hai ki isa saMpradAyakI utpatti bhagavAna pArzvanAthake batAye huye gRhatyAgI zrAvakoMke anurUpameM huI thii| yahI kAraNa hai ki eka vidvAnne isakI 1-rAjavAsika (11) pR0 294 / 2-prI-buddhi0 inDi0 philA0 pR. 240 / 3-pUrva0 pR. 242-243 /

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dharmopadezakA prabhAva / [295 gaNanA jaina saMpradAyake aMtargata hI anumAna kI hai| sAtha hI jaba hama inake siddhAntoMgara dRSTe DAlate haiM to vahAM bhagavAn pArzvanAthake dharmopadezakA prabhAva par3A huA pAte haiM / ____bhAradvAjane pahale hI paramAtmA arthAt brahma ko gotrarahita aura varNahIna ( agotraH avarNaH ) mAnA thA aura isataraha para usane bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIke anusAra hI dharma meM jAti aura kulamadakA khulA pratikAra kiyA thaa| yadyapi adhikAMza bAtoMmeM usakA mata yAjJavalkya ke samAna thA, para usane bahutasI brAhmaNa kriyAyoM kA virodha kiyA thaa| usane kahA thA ki "AtmAkI prApti na kevala vedoMse, na kevala buddhise aura na adhika adhyayana karanese ho saktI hai, nisako apanA ApA (Self) cAhatA hai usIse usakI prApti ho saktI hai|....aur na isakI prApti usako ho saktI hai jo balahIna, avicArI aura ucita dhyAnako nahIM karanevAlA hai| yaha taba hI saMbhava hai jaba eka buddhimAna puruSa balavAn, vicAravAn aura dhyAnamagna hokara isake pAnekA prayAsa karatA hai ki vaha apaneko brAhmaNakI saMgatimeM pAtA hai / " ( muNDakopaniSad 3 / 213-4 "nAyam AtmA pravacanena labhyo, na medhayA....nAyam AtmA balahInena labhyo, na ca paramAdAt tapaso vArSyAlavigAta....eSa AtmA vizAte brahmadhAmA" ) bhAradvAnane vidyA do tarahakI mAnI thI (1) paga aura (2) aparA / dUsarI aparAvidyA meM usane cAra vedoM aura chaha vai deka jJAnoMko gRhaNa kiyA thA aura parA (Higher or Traus:ende.. 1-DAyolaoNgsa oNpha dI buddha, bhAga 2 pR. 221 / 2-prI-buddhisTika inDi0 philAsaphI pR. 253 /

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296] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / sntal) vidyAmeM kevala usako mAnA thA jisase 'akSara' (Undecaying) kI prApti hotI hai / isataraha usane yadyapi vedoMko svIkAra kiyA thA; parantu brahma-dhAma-paramAtmapadako pAne ke liye unako Avazyaka nahIM samajhA thA aura aThAraha prakArake yajJoM ko bhI sArahIna mAnA thaa| ThIka isI tarahakA virodha bhagavAn pArzvanAthake prAkRta dharmopadezase svayaM hocukA thaa| tisapara bhAradvAna jo yaha kahatA hai ki "jo apane manameM icchAoMko rakhatA hai vaha apanI icchAoMke anusAra yahAM-vahAM janma dhAraNa karatA hai; parantu jisakI icchAyeM pUrNa hocukI haiM use apane sacce 'ApA'kI prApti hocukI hai / isI janmameM icchAoMkA nAza ho saktA hai|"2 isameM jAhirA taurapara vaha bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke upadezako hI duharA rahA hai aura yaha bhagavAnke divya upadezake prabhAvazAlI honemeM prakaTa sAkSI hai! jahAM pahaleke vaidika RSiyoMne vivAha kArya mukhya mAnA thA, vahAM bhAradvAna brahmacaryapara jora detA hai / yaha isI kAraNa kahA jAtA hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthane kevala apane dharmopadezase hI nahIM balika amalI jIvanase brahmacaryakA mahatva digantavyApI banA diyA thaa| bhAradvAja ekAntadRSTise pratibodha dvArA (pratibodha-viditaM) hI brahma (paramAtmA ) ko jAna lenA mAnatA thA / yogako hI vaha brahmako pAneke liye Avazyaka samajhatA thaa| isa tarahapara muNDa zrAvaka saMpradAyakA nikAsa bhagavAn pArzvanAthake dharmopadezake prabhAva anurUpa huA prakaTa hotA hai / ___ DaoN0 hakamI svataMtrarUpase isI niSkarSa para pahuMce haiM ki __ -pUrva0 pR0 254 2-pUrva pR0 255 /

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dharmopadezakA prabhAva / [297 muNDakopaniSadake RSiyoM ne apane vicAra jainasiddhAntase liye the| vaha 'muNDakopaniSada ke kartAkA nAma bhAradvAjake sthAnapara aMgarisa batalAte haiN| saMbhava hai ki aMgarisakA gotra bhAradvAja ho aura usI apekSA DA0 bAruAne unakA ucchekha uktaprakAra kiyA ho / DA0 sA0 aMgarisakI mAnyatAko jainadharmAnusAra batAte haiM; jaise vaha lokakI AkRtiko puruSAkAra mAnatA thA aura isa puruSarUpI lokake madhya bhAgameM manuSyaloka; isake UparavAle hissemeM brahma svargaloka aura brahma svargalokase Upara 'paramaM sAmyam' arthAt muktisthAna mAnatA thaa| vaha kahatA thA ki jo manuSya yahAM bahuta acche 2 kAma karake vizeSa puNya saMcaya karatA hai, vaha manuSya sUrya hokara brahmalokameM janma letA hai aura vahAM uttama bhogopabhoga bhogatA huA zuddha AnandameM jIvana vyatIta karatA hai| kintu brahmalokako prApta huA AtmA jabataka icchA rahita nahIM hotA hai aura pUrva saMcita karma avazeSa rahatA hai, tabataka usakI mukti nahIM hotI, use saMsArameM phira AnA par3atA hai| aMgArisako dRr3ha vizvAsa thA ki jabataka AtmA rAgadveSa rahita nahIM hota , tabataka use avazya saMsArameM rahanA par3egA; phira vaha vedoMmeM batAI huI sArI kriyAyoM ko bhale hI kare ! kintu isake sAtha hI vaha kahatA thA ki jisa vyaktikA AtmA karmokI nirjarA kara DAlatA hai aura rAgadveSa rahita va pavitra hotA hai; tathA jo sadA tapasyA karatA huA ekAntameM rahatA hai va jIvanayApana bhikSAse karatA hai aura jisake pAsa samyajJAna hai, vaha AtmA muktilAma karatA hai| vahAMse vaha kabhI lauTakara nahIM aataa| -- aMgArisakI ina mAnyatAoM kA sAdRzya jainadharmameM nirNita

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298] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / mokSamArgase bilkula spaSTa najara par3atA hai| donoM hI siddhAMtoMke anusAra yaha loka puruSarUpa hai aura sanAtana hai / (muNDaka upaniSada " anaH" yaha vizeSaNa prayukta karatA hai ) aMgarisa usa lokameM brahmalokako AnandakI eka jagaha mAnatA hai kintu sarvottama sthAna mokSa hI svIkAra karatA hai / jainadharma meM bhI brahma evaM anya svarga aise hI AnandamaI sthAna mAne gaye haiM aura usameM bhI mokSa hI sarvottama sthAna mAnA gayA hai / kintu jainadharmameM svargase mukti honA svIkRta nahIM hai / yaha donoM matoMke anumAra ThIka hai ki rAgadveSa aura karma rahita AtmA mukti lAbha karatA hai tathA mokSamArgameM tapasyA eka vAstavika upAya hai| sAtha hI 'muNDakopaniSada' meM bahutase aise zabda prayukta huye haiM jo jainasiddhAnkameM pAribhASika zabdoMke samAna vyavahRta haiM; yathAkarma, nirveda, vItarAga, samyagjJAna, nigraMtha, ityAdi / nirgatha zabda jaina sAdhukA dyotaka hai| jaina sAdhu oM kI taraha muNDakopaniSadameM bhI kezaloMca karane jaisA vidhAna hai:'zirovrata vidhivadyaistu cI / ' ina sAdRzyoM ko dekhane evaM jainagraMtha 'paumacariya 'meM agarisako bhraSTa jainamuni batAnese, yaha spaSTa hai ki 'muNDakopaniSada'meM nisa zikSAkA samAveza hai, vaha avazya hI jaina dharmase lIgaI hai| (dekho 'dharmadhvana'-vizeSAMka varSa 5 aMka 1 Ta0 9-10) uparAnta minaciketas dvArA 'gotamaka siddhAntoMkI utpatti huI thii| yaha bhI bhAradvAjake samasAmayika vyakti the / naciketasUne vivAha, tapa aura yajJavAdako svIkAra kiyA thA; parantu 1-pUrva0 pR. 265 / -

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dharmopadezakA prabhAva / [299 unakA bhAva prAcIna RSiyoMse vilakSaNa mAnA thaa|' vaha prAcIna yajJavAdase svargakI prApti honA mAnatA thA, parantu unase amara jIvanako pAnA asvIkAra karatA thaa| usake nikaTa yajJakA bhAva jJAnayajJa thA; nisameM indriyanigraha karanA aura dhyAnako bar3hAnA mukhya thA / vaha vyakti (Being) ko ajanmA aura amara batalAtA thaa| vaha kahatA thA ki na usakI zUnyase utpatti huI hai aura na kucha usase utpanna huA hai / vyakti ajanmA, anAdinidhana aura prAcIna hai / zarIrake sAtha usakA nAza nahIM hotA / yadi hiMsaka yaha samajhatA hai ki maiM mAratA hUM aura mAranevAlA samajhatA hai ki maiM mArA jAtA hUM, to donoM mUr3ha haiM; na eka mAratA hai aura na dUsarA maratA hai|....jisne pApakarmase apaneko dUra karake zAMta nahIM banAyA hai aura jisane indriyanigraha nahIM kiyA hai athavA jisakA mana sthira nahIM hai vaha vyakti (Being) ko jJAnase bhI nahIM pAsaktA hai / ( kaThopaniSad 1 / 2 / 18 ) yoga hI usako pAnekA dvAra hai, jisakA mukhya bhAva indriyanigrahase thaa| (sthiraM indriya-dhAraNaM) isataraha naciketasne bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke batAye hue nizcayanayase kiMcit Atma-lAbha prApta karanekA upAya batalAyA thA aura vaha ekAMta pakSase pUrNataH saiddhAntika vivecana karaneko asamartha pratIta hotA hai ! parantu usakI isa zikSAse logoMne ulTA hI / matalaba nikAlA thA aura uparAMta hiMsAkAMDa vRddhipara hogayA thA; kyoMki logoMko yaha dhAraNA ho gaI ki hiMsA karanese jIvakA kucha ; nahIM bigar3atA hai / astu; yahAM bhI sAdhAraNataH bhagavAn pArzvanAtha 1-pUrva0 pR0 269 / 2-pUrva0 pR. 273 / 3-pUrva0 pR0 275 / .

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300] bhagavAna pArthanAya / jIke dharmApadezakA prabhAva par3A najara par3atA hai| bhagavAnke dharmopadezako uparAMta unakI ziSyaparaMparA sarvatra pracalita karatI rahI thI, yaha hama agAr3I dekheMge / naciketaske isa siddhAntako hI uparAnta pUrNakAzyapane bhI svIkAra kiyA thA / usakA kahanA thA ki jaba hama svayaM koI kArya karate haiM athavA dUsaroMse karAte haiM to usameM AtmA na kucha karatA hai aura na dUsarese karAtA hai| AtmA to niSkriya hai| isa dazAmeM jo kucha hama pApa puNya karate haiM, usakA saMptarga AtmAse kucha bhI nahIM hai| isIliye sUtrakRtAGga aura sAmannaphalasuttama usake matakI gaNanA 'akriyAvAda' meM kI gaI hai / isa siddhAntameM bhI bhagavAn pArzvanAthake dharmopadezakI hI jhalaka dRSTi par3a rahI hai| jaise ki naciketaske siddhAntase bhI vyakta hotA hama dekha cuke haiM / nizcayameM bhagavAn pArzvanAthane AtmAko sAMsArika kriyAoMse vilaga eka bizuddha dravya mAnA thaa| jisase pApa puNya kA koI saMbaMdha nahIM thA / yahI bhAva ekAntase pUrNakAzyapane darzAyA hai| vaha svayaM eka jaina muni thaa| zrIdevasenAcAryane (I0 9 vI zatAbdi) apane "darzanasAra" granthameM inako makkhAlI gozAlake sAtha bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIkI ziSyaparamparAkA eka muni likhA hai jo uparAnta bhRSTa hogaye the| inakA sAdhu bheSa bhI isa bAtakA samarthaka hai| vaha bhagavAna pArzvanAthake tIrthake jaina muniyoMkI taraha 'acelakara (nagna ) rahate the| isI kAraNa unakI prakhyAti acelaka rUpameM 1-pUrva0 pR. 279 / 2-puurvprmaann| 3-sU0 kR0-1|1|1|13| 4-darzanasAra gAthA 176 / 5-zrI* buddhi inDi* philA0 pR. 277 /

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dharmopadezakA prabhAva / [ 302 thI aura bahuta se loga unake saMpradAya ko acelaka samajhate haiM; 'parantu yaha bhrama hai / acelaka nAmakA koI sampradAya - vizeSa 'prAcIna bhArata meM nahIM thA / 'acelaka' zabdakA vyavahAra usa kAlameM saba hI saMpradAya ke nagna sAdhuoMke liye hotA thA; tisapara jaina sAdhuoMke liye vaha vizeSataH prayojita kiyA jAtA thA / astu; "jaina munidazAse bhRSTa hokara pUrNa kAzyapakA apane mUla vizvAsako vikRtarUpa denA svAbhAvika hI thA; kyoMki usapara bhagavAn pArzvanAthake dharmopadezakA khAsA prabhAva par3a cukA thA / pUrNa kAzyapakA sambandha AjIvika saMpradAyase rahA thA, aisA pratIta hotA hai| usakI - mRtyu IsA se pUrva 572 veM varSameM huI anumAna kI jAtI hai| 2 inake bAda kada kAtyAyana ( pakuDha kAccAyana ) ko le lIjie / yaha ma0 buddha ke pahale ho cuke the, aura brAhmaNa the, yaha prakaTa hai / buddhaghoSane likhA hai ki kAtyAyana zItajalako vyavahAra meM nahIM lAtA thA aura AvazyaktAnusAra uSNajalako kAmameM letA thA / vaha zIta jalameM jIva mAnatA thA / yahAM bhI bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke mantavya ke spaSTa darzana hote haiN| unhoMne zItajalameM jIva batalAyA thA aura jaina muniyoMko usakA vyavahArameM lenA manA thA, yaha bauddha graMthoMse 5 bhI prakaTa haiM, tathApi usane kAya, sukha, duHkha, jIva Adi zabda vyavahAra meM lie the aura ye mUlameM jaina zabda hI haiN| sAtha hI jo 1 - vIra varSa 3 aMka 11-12 / 2- prI0 buddhi 0 inDi0 philA 0 pR0 277 / 3 - pUrva0 pR0 281-282 / 4- sumaMgalavilAsinI bhAga 1 pR0 144 / 5 - pUrva0 pR0 168 / 6 - prI0 buddhi0 inDi0 phila0 pR0 285 /

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / usakI mAnatA thI, vaha bhI bhagavAn pArzvanAthake upadezase sahazatA rakhatI hai / usakA mata thA ki 'asattAse kucha bhI utpanna nahIM hotA aura jo hai usakA nAza nahIM hotA / ' bhagavAna pArzvanAthane bhI lokake padArthokA aisA hI svarUpa batalAyA thA; jisako unake uparAnta kAtyAyana vikRtarUpa detA pratIta hotA hai / inhIM tatvoMke anurUpa usane pRthvI, jala, agni, vAyu, sukha, dukha aura jIva yaha sAta tatva svIkAra kiye the| vaha inhIM sAtake milane aura vichur3anese jIvana vyavahAra mAnatA thaa| tatvoMkI saMkhyA ThIka sAta mAnanA bhI usa samaya bhagavAn pArzvanAthake batAe huye sAta tatvoMkI pradhAnatAkA hI dyotaka hai; varan unakI ThIka sAta saMkhyA mAnanA Avazyaka na thii| ina tatvoM kA milana vaha sukhatatvake kAraNa aura viccheda dukhatatvake hetuse batalAtA thaa| isa avasthAmeM vaha inakA pArasparika prabhAva eka dUsarepara par3atA svIkAra nahIM karatA thA, jisase kisI vyaktiko khAsa nukasAna pahuMcAnA bhI muzkila thaa| isaliye usake nikaTa kiptI jIvako mAranA kucha vizeSa mahatva na rakhakara kevala vyavasthita tatvoMko alaga kara denA thA, jisameM pApa-puNyakA bhaya hI nahIM thA / sacamuca prataradana, naciketasada aura pUrNakAzyapakA bhI aisA hI vizvAsa thA / bhagavadgItAmeM bhI yaha bhAva pragaTa kiyA gayA hai / AtmAko amara mAnate huye usake mUla bhAvameM yaha udgAra kahe pratIta hote haiM, para 1-sUtrakRtAGga 2 / 1 / 22 / 2-jainasUtra (S. B. E.) bhAga 2 bhUmikA XXIV. 3-prI0 buddhi0 inDi0 philA0 pR0 286 / 4-gItA 2 / 16-24 /

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dharmopadezakA prabhAva / ntu inake bala hiMsAvAdakI puSTi karanA anucita kriyA hai / isI kAraNa ina vidharmiyoM ko 'tatvArtharAjavArtika meM prANivadhameM pApabaMdhakA kAraNa nahIM hai', isa mAnyatAvAlA batalAyA hai|' (na hi prANivadhaH pApaheturdharmasAdhanatvamApatturmahati // 12 // 1 / 8 / ) isa prakAra kAtyAyanake samayameM bhI bhagavAna pArzvanAthake dharmakA prabhAva kAryakArI thA, yaha spaSTa hai / unake upadezase vAtAvaraNa kSubhita hogayA thA isameM saMzaya nahIM aura yaha vidita hI hai ki unakI ziSyaparamparA ma0 buddhake samAna vidyamAna thI, jaise ki hama dekheNge| usI samayake eka anya matapravartaka ajita kezakambali bhI bhagavAn pArzvanAthake dharmopadezake prabhAvase achUte nahIM bace the; yaha unake siddhAntoMse spaSTa hai| vaha vaidika kriyAkANDake kaTTara virodhI the aura punarjanma siddhAntako asvIkAra karate the / yajJa, balidAna, zrAddha Adiko vaha anAvazyaka batalAte the| kahate the ki yadi mRtaka puruSoMko bhojana pahuMcAnA saMbhava hai to phira paradeza gaye huye vyaktiko bhI usI taraha bhojana pahuMca jAnA cAhie, parantu yaha hotA nahIM, isalie zrAddha Adi kriyAkANDa vRthA haiN| sAtha hI vaha iMdriyanigraha aura dhyAnako bhI Avazyaka nahIM mAnatA thA / vartamAnako chor3akara bhaviSyasukhakI AzA karanepara vaha vizvAsa nahIM karatA thA / lokako vaha pRthvI, jala, ami aura vAyukA samudAya mAnatA thA aura AtmAko pudgalakA kImiyAI DhaMgakA pariNAma batalAtA thA / ina cAroM vastuoMke vighaTate hI AtmA bhI vighaTa jAtA hai, yaha vaha kahatA thaa| isIliye vaha jIvAtmA aura zarIrako eka 1-rAjavArtika pR0 294 / 2-prI0 buddhi0 inDi0 philA* pR0 289 /

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304] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / hI mAnatA thA aura prANiyoMkI hiMsA karanA burA nahIM samajhatA thaa|' isakI isa zikSAmeM bhI jaina siddhAMtake vyavahAranaya apekSA AtmA aura pudgalake saMmizraNakA vikRtarUpa najara AtA hai| bhagAvAn pArzvanAthane isa siddhAMtakA pratipAdana kiyA thA, usIko vikRta rItise pragaTa karanekA prayAsa ajitane apane ukta siddhAMtameM kiyA hai| isa taraha yahAM bhI pArzvanAthajIke dharmopadezakA prabhAva dRSTi par3a rahA hai / sArAMzataH hama usa samayake saiddhAMtika athavA dhArmika vAtAvaraNameM jainadharmakA khAsA prabhAva par3A spaSTa dekhate haiN| vidvAnoMkA bhI yaha mata hai ki uparokta matapravartakoMpara avazya jainadharmakA prabhAva par3A thA, sva0 mi. jemsaDe'lvisa mahodayakA vaktavya hai ki ma0 buddha ke samayameM bhI 'digaMbara' eka prAcIna saMpradAya samajhA jAtA thA aura uparollikhita mata-pravartakoMke siddhAMtoMpara jainadharmakA prabhAva par3A najara par3atA hai| pro. DaoN0 harmanakobI bhI yahI kahate haiM ki tIrthakoM ( pUrNakAzyapa, kAtyAyana Adi )ne una siddhAMtoM aura kriyAyoMko apanA liyA thA jo jainamatameM milatI haiM aura saMbhavataH yaha unhoMne svayaM jainoM hIse le lIM thiiN|....yh bhI pragaTa hai ki mahAvIrake samayameM bhI jainadharma vidyamAna thA aura so bhI unase svAdhIna ruupmeN| isase evaM anya kAraNoMse yaha pragaTa hai ki nigraMtha arthAt jainadharma bhagavAna mahAvIrase bahuta pahalese pracalita thaa| astu; isa dazAmeM hama jaina anthoMke ullekhoMko sArthaka pAte haiM aura bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke 1 bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha pR0 25 / 2-inDiyana eNTIkerI bhAga 9 pR. 161 / 3 pUrva* pR. 162 /

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bhagavAna ke pramukha shissy| [305 upadezakA mahatva aura prabhAva sugamataH hRdayaMgama kara lete haiM / sacamuca bhagavAnke dharmopadezakA prabhAva dekhakara kavikA nimna padya solahI Ane caritArtha hojAtA hai"Atama rasIko hai sudhArasako kuNDa 'vRnda', samyak mahIruhako mUla chaharAta hai| sakala samAja zivarAjako ajajja jAmeM, aiso jaina bainako patAkA phaharAta hai|" ljj mumuutru yebhtyu 'gaNIzA daza tasyAsan vidhAyAdi svayaMbhuvaM / sArdAni trizatAnyuktA munIndrAH puurvdhaarinnH|| yatayo yutapUrvANi zatAni nava shiksskaaH| catuH zatottaraM proktAH shsrmvdhitvissH|| sahasramaMtimajJAnAstAMbano vikriyddhikaaH| zatAni sapta paMcAzacaturthAvagamAH smRtaaH|| vAdinaH SaTzatAnyeva te sarvepi samuccitAH / abhyarNIkRtanirvANAH syuH sahasrANi SoDaza / ' __-uttarapurANa / bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIkA tIrtha sarvamAnya hogayA ! grAma 2 aura nagara pattanoMmeM una bhagavAnkA ahiMsAmaI aura avyAbAdha mukhakA saMdeza vyApta hogayA! hara dazA aura hara paristhitike logoMko - apane 2 mantavyoMkA pragaTa bodha hogayA ! koI sthAna aura koI

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306 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | deza aisA bAkI na bacA jisameM bhagavAn ke divya saMdezane apanA prabhAva digantavyApI na banA liyA ho ! isI anurUpa una bhagavAna ke prabhAvazAlI pramukha ziSya hajAroMkI saMkhyA meM the / yaha sarva hI ziSya gRhatyAgI aura paropakArI mahApuruSa hI the| inaseM veSTita hokara bhagavAn pArzvanAtha aise hI zobhita ho rahe the jaise tArikA maNDala meM candra manako haranevAlA hotA hai / yahI nahIM ki ina ziSyoM dvArA bhagavAnkI hI zobhA aura gaurava bar3ha rahA ho - unake to guNa svabhAvataH nirmala aura prakarSarUpa the / kintu anekoM bhavya puruSoM kA kalyANa inake dvArA huA thaa| inase bhAratakA gaurava bar3hA thA / ahiMsAmaI sArva prema aura AtmIka bhAva inhIMke satprayanoM se apanA apanA prakhara prakAza yahAM phailA rahe the / vizvapremakI 1 umaMga hara hRdayameM lahara mArane lagI thI / isameM mukhya kAraNa bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIkA dharmopadeza hI thA kintu unake pramukha ziSya bhI usameM pradhAna kAraNa the| zrI guNabhadrAcAryajI kahate haiM ki "bhagavAn pArzvanAthake samavazaraNa meM svayaMbhuvako Adi lekara daza gaNadhara the, gyAraha aMga aura caudaha pUrvako dhAraNa karanevAloMkI saMkhyA tInasau pacAsa thI / dazahajAra nauso zikSaka muni the aura ekahajAra cAra sau avadhijJAnI the| isIprakAra ekahajAra kevalajJAnI the, eka hI hajAra vikriyA Rddhiko dhAraNa karanevAle the / sAtasau pacAsa manaH payayajJAnI the aura chahasau vAdI the / isaprakAra zIghra hI mukta honevAle saba muniyoMkI saMkhyA solahahajAra thI !" " hI mahAna RSigaNa sarvatra vicarakara prANiyoM ko abhayadAna dete huye 1 - uttarapurANa pR0 580 /

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bhagavAnake mukhya ziSya / [307 unako AtmapaMthakA mArga darzAte the| usa samayake bhavya jIvoMko inake santasamAgamameM vizeSa puNyasaMcaya karanekA avasara prApta thaa| bauddha zAstroMmeM hameM inhIM jaina RSiyoMkA ullekha parokSarUpameM huA milatA hai / unake 'brahmanAlasutta meM pahalIse cauthI AlocanAtaka jina prAcIna RSiyoM ke mantavyoM kA nikara hai vaha jaina dRSTise jaina muniyoMkI mAnyatAke anusAra AtmAke nizcaya aura vyavahArarUpako lakSya karake likhA gayA hai / kinhIM RSiyoMko vahA~ saMkhyAta pUrvabhava batalAkara AtmA aura lokakA kathaMcit nityatva aura anityatva svarUpa siddha karate pragaTa kiyA gayA hai| yaha kathana kevalajJAnI aura avadhijJAnI muniyoMse lAgU hai jo zrI pArzvanAthanIkI zipyaparamparAmeM madeg buddhase pahale isI prakAra AtmA aura lokakI siddhi karate the| tathApi jo inhIM bAtoMko tarkavAdase siddha karate huye batAye gaye haiM, vaha bhagavAn pAdarvanAthake vAdI muniyoMko lakSya karake kahA gayA pratIta hotA hai| isataraha yaha RSigaNa kevala varSARtuke cAra mahInoMmeM eka sthAnapara Thaharate the, varan grAma-grAma aura nagara-nagarameM vicarate huye dharmopadezakA amRta tRSita janatAko pilAte the| inhIMke sadakRtyoMkA yaha pariNAma nikalA thA ki janatA dharmake nAmapara honevAlI hiMsAke viruddha AvAja kasane lagI thI aura purohitoMkI 'popaDama' kA anta karaneko utArU ho gaI thii| yaha mahApuruSa svayaM apanA kalyANa karate the aura prANImAtrake upakArameM dattacitta rahate the| yahI nahIM ki kevala puruSavarga hI apane AtmakalyANa aura dharmapracArameM saMlagna thA; balki Arya-lalanAyeM bhI 1-bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 budra0 pariziSTa pR0 222 /

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308 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | isa sevA mArga se vimukha nahIM thIM / komalAMgI ramaNIratnoMne apane vAsanA vilAsako uThAkara eka tarapha rakha diyA thA / jJAna aMjanase unhoMne apane divyacakSuoM ko prabhAmaI banA liyA thA / gRhakuTumbakA mamatva unakI 'basudhaiva kuTumbakam' kI nItimeM bAdhaka nahIM thA / vaha svayaM saMyamI jIvana vyatIta karatI huI apanA AtmakalyANa karatIM thIM aura deza meM sarvatra vihAra karatI huI vidvAnoMse zAstrArtha karatIM aura janatAko dharmAmRta kA pAna karAtIM thIM / vaha ramaNIratna thIM sAre saMsAra ke liye AdarzarUpa thiiN| inhIMke sAtha zveta vastroMko dhAraNa karanevAle udAsIna gRhatyAgI zrAvaka aura zrAvikAyeM bhI apanI zaktike anusAra dharmaprabhAvanAke kArya meM saMlagna the| ina sabake viSayameM zrI guNabhadrAcAryajI kahate haiM ki: " sulocanAdyAH SaT triMzatsahasrANyAyikA vibhoH / zrAvakA lakSamekaMtu triguNAH zrAvikArataH || 153 / / " arthAt - 'una bhagavAn ke samavazaraNa meM sulocanAko Adi lekara chattIsahajAra arjikAeM thIM, ekalAkha zrAvaka the aura tInalAkha zrAvikAyeM thIM / " yaha saba hI apanA AtmakalyANa karate sarvatra bhagavAn ke sAtha rahakara dharmakA udyota karate the / inake atirikta anekoM rAjA, seTha aura deva - deviyAM bhagavAn ke sAdhAraNa bhakta the / inameM mukhya bhagavAn ke mAtA-pitA the, ve ina tIrthaMkara bhagavAna ke zraddhAnI hokara unake zAsanakA yaza phailAne meM dattacitta the / yahI bAta zrI vAdirAjasUrijI ina zabdoM meM prakaTa karate haiM:rAjA punaH sa jinabhakti bharAvanamraH, 6 procya kairarAjyapadamaMDitamaNDalazrIH /

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bhagavAnake mukhya shissy| [309 devasya tIrthamaghasArthaharaM nareSu, prAbhAvayat trayavidhirnanu vishvsenH||43||' arthAt-'bhagavAn jinendrakI bhaktise namrIbhUta, uttama rAjyase zobhita tIna jJAnake dhAraka rAjA vizvasena pApoMke nAzaka bhagavAn jinendrake tIrthakI manuSyoMmeM prabhAvanA karane lage the| aise hI dharmavatsala bhaktoM ke dvArA zIghra hI bhagavAnke zAsanakI vijaya vaijayaMtI sarvatra phaharAne lagI thii| bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIkI pavitra smRtimeM aneka sthAnoMpara divya maMdira aura caityAgAra nirmita ho gaye the; jinameM sadA hI bhagavAnkA yazagAna huA karatA thA ! yahI nahIM ki bhagavAnke ziSya bhAratavAsI hI rahe hoM, balki videzoMke bhI bahujana Apake parama bhakta the| nIla-mahAnIla aura amitavega Adi vidyAdhara loga bhArata bAhya pradezake rAjyAdhikArI the| unhoMne bhAratameM tIrtha vandanA karate huye terapura (usmAnAbAda)ke nikaTa aneka jaina maMdiroMko nirmApita karAyA thA aura unameM maNimaI zrI pArzvanAthanIkI pratibimba birAjamAna kI thiiN| sArAMzataH bhagavAnakI bhakti-saurabhakA madhura guMjAra dig digAntaroMmeM phaila gayA thA ! bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke pramukha gaNadhara svayaMbhU nAmake the| yahI sarva prathama bhagavAnkI amRtavANIko grahaNa karanevAle nara-ratna the| inhoMne hI bhagavAnakI divyadhvaniko avadhAraNa karake dvAdazAGgarUpa, pUrvokara saMyukta jaina AgamakI racanA kI thii| vahI Agama bhagavAn mahAvIrake sarvajJa hone taka sarvatra pracalita rahe the / hatbhAgyase ina pramukha gaNadhara mahArAjake viSayameM kucha bhI vizeSa paricaya nahIM 1 muni kaNayAmara viracita 'karakaMDucaritra' saMdhi 5 / -

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310 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | milatA hai / kevala inhIMke saMbaMdha meM yaha bAta nahIM hai, balki usa samaya ke kisI bhI anya gaNadhara athavA munikA pUrNa paricaya abhAgyavaza prApta nahIM hai / saba hI digaMbara jaina zAstroM meM kevala yahI ullekha milatA hai ki bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke daza gaNadhara the, jinameM pramukha svayaMbhU the / ' gaNadharAdi maharSistotra ' meM bhI inakA kucha vizeSa paricaya nahIM milatA hai / vahAM bhI kevala nAmollekha hai; yathA: - 'nemiM pArzva svambhavAdyA gautamAdyAzca sanmatiM / nemyo gaNadharezebhyo datto'rthyodayaM punAtu vaH // ' svayaMbhU mahArAjake atirikta avazeSa nau gaNadharoMkA unameM - nAma bhI nahIM milatA hai / sacamuca itane prAcInakAlake mahata puruyoMkA vizeSa paricaya pAnA kaThina hai| hAM, zvetAmbara saMpradAyake arvAcIna sAhitya meM avazya hI ina sabake nAma diye huye milate haiM; kintu ve Apasa meM hI eka dUsareke khilApha haiM / itanA avazya hai ki prAyaH ve saba hI bhagavAn ke pramukha gaNadharakA nAma "Aryadatta " batalAne meM ekamata haiM / digambara aura zvetAmbaroMke isa matabhedakA koI vizeSa kAraNa to dRSTi nahIM par3atA hai / hosaktA hai ki donoM saMpradAyoMne apane ApasI matabheda ke kAraNa pUrva paTTAvaliyoM meM bhI antara rakkhA ho ! zvetAmbaroMke 'pArzvacarita' meM bhagavAna ke daza gaNadharoMke nAma yUM batalAye haiM: - Aryadatta, AryaghoSa, vaziSTha, brahmanAmaka, soma, zrIdhara, vAriSeNa, bhadrayazasa, jaya aura vijaya', kintu unake 'zatruJjaya mahAtmya' meM kevala 'AryadattakI adhyakSatA meM nau sUriyoMkA honA' likhA hai ' aura ' kalpasUtra' meM kevala gaNadhara AryadattakA hI 1 bhAvadevasUri, pA0ca* sarga 6 zlo0 1350 - 1358 / 2 zatruMjayamAhAtmya 1468

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bhagavAn ke mukhya ziSya / [ 311 pha ullekha hai / uparAMta ve0 muni AtmArAmajIne svaracita 'ajJAna - timirabhAskara' meM bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIkI jo ziSyaparaMparA dI hai, vaha inase bhinna hai / vaha bhagavAn ke pramukha ziSyakA nAma Arya samudra likhate haiM aura phira zrI zubhadatta gaNadhara, zrI svAmI prabhAsUrya, zrI haridatta aura zrI kezIsvAmIkA ullekha kramazaH karate haiM / isataraha para bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke mukhya gaNadharoMkA ThIkasara paricaya pAlenA Aja kaThinasAdhya hai aura isa avasthA meM kevala yahI niHsaMzaya spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn ke mukhya gaNadhara daza the / ina sabakI adhyakSatAmeM ukta munigaNa vicarate the / pramukha gaNadhara svayaMbhU mana:paryayajJAnI the aura uparAnta unako kevalajJAnakI prApti huI thI / inake atirikta zrI pArzvanAthajIkI ziSyaparamparAke vizeSa prakhyAt muni hamako zrI pihitAzrava nAmaka milate haiM / digaMbara jaina zAstroMmeM inakA vividha sthAnoMpara ullekha milatA hai / zvetAMbara yati AtmArAmajI bhI inake viSaya meM kahate haiM ki 'yaha svAmI prabhAsUrya ke kaI sAdhuoM meM se eka the / digambara jaina zAstroM meM inako bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIkI ziSyaparamparAkA eka sAdhu likhA hai aura batalAyA hai ki inake eka bahuzrutI ziSya buddhikIrti nAmaka the, jinhoMne bhraSTa hokara kSaNikavAdakA pracAra kiyA thA / yaha buddhikIrti bauddhadharmake saMsthApaka ma0 gautamabuddha ke atirikta aura koI anya vyakti nahIM the / ma0 buddhane svayaM apane mukha se eka sthAnapara jainamuni honA svIkAra kiyA hai| aisA mAlUma hotA hai ki ma0 1 kalpasUtra 161 / 2 jainahitaiSI bhAga 7 aMka 12 pR0 2 / 3-jaina hitaiSI bhAga 7 aMka 12 pR0 2 / 4- darzanasAra 6-10 / 53 - sAnDarsa gautamabuddha pR0 15 /

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312] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / buddhake pitRgaNa bhI zramaNabhakta the| nisa samaya ma0 buddhakA janma huA thA, usa samaya eka ajitanAmaka zramaNa RSine unako dekhakara AzIrvAda diyA thA tathApi jisa samaya ve kapilavastuse bAhira Arahe the, taba bhI unako eka zramaNake darzana huye the| yaha zramaNa bauddha bhikSu to nahIM ho sakte, kyoMki usa samaya bauddhadharmakA astitva nahIM thA kintu isake mAne yaha bhI nahIM hai ki ve nizcitarUpameM jainazramaNa hI the, kyoMki usa samaya AjIvika Adi sAdhu bhI zramaNa nAmase ullekhita kiye jAte the / yadyapi yaha ThIka hai ki mukhyataH isa ' zramaNa' zabdakA prayoga jainasAdhuoMke liye hI hotA thA, kyoMki jainadharmako 'zramaNadharma ' hI batalAyA gayA hai| tathApi RgvedameM jo zramaNoMkA ullekha hai vaha nisaMzaya jaina-zramaNoMse hI lAgU hai kyoMki AjIvika Adi itarazramaNoMkI utpatti IsAse pUrva 900 varSase huI batAI jAtI hai, jabaki Rgveda karIba cAra hajAra varSa itanA prAcIna batalAyA jAtA hai| rahI bAta ma0 buddhake samAgamameM Aye huye ukta zramaNoMkI, so jaba hama bauddha grantha 'lalitavistara meM yaha ullekha pAte haiM ki ma0 buddha apane bAlyakAlameM zrIvatsa, svastikA, nandyAvarta aura varddhamAna yaha cinha apane zIzapara dhAraNa karate the jinameM se pahaleke tIna cinha to kramazaH zItalanAtha, mupArzvanAtha aura arahanAtha nAmaka jaina tIrthaMkaroM ke cihna haiM aura aMtima varddhamAna svayaM bhagavAn mahAvIrakA nAma hai taba yaha kahanA ThIka hI hai ki saMbhavataH ukta zramaNa jaina muni hI the 1-buddhajIvana (S. B. E. XIX)pR0 11|2-inddiyn enTIkverI bhAga 9 pR. 246 / 3-kalpasUtra pR0 83 / 4-Rgveda 10 // 36 /

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bhagavAnake mukhya ziSya / [313 aura rAjA zuddhodana una jaina zramaNoMke bhakta the| isa prakAra zrI pihitAzrava munirAjake sarva pramukha ziSya buddhikIrtike pitRkula evaM unake uparAnta bauddhadharmake pravartakarUpameM varNana hai / vaha bhraSTa jaina muni the aura bhagavAn mahAvIrake samakAlIna the / "mauna ekAdazI vratakathA" meM bhI zrI pihitAzrava munikA kathana hai / isa kathAmeM kauzAMbIke rAnA harivAhana aura unakI 'paTTarAnI zaziprabhAkA apane rAjyavimukha putra sukauzalake sambandhameM zrI somaprabhu nAmaka munirAjase jijJAsA karane kA ullekha hai| munirAjane rAjA rAnIkA samAdhAna karate huye kahA thA ki 'kauzalya dezake kUTanagarameM rAjA raNasiMha aura usakI rAnI trilocanA thii| inake rAmatvakAlameM usI nagara meM eka kuNavI rahatA thA, jisake tuGgabhadrA nAmakI bhAgyahInA kanyA thii| tuGgabhadrAkI zaizava avasthAmeM hI usake mAtApitA kAlakavalita hogae the aura vaha jyoMtyoMkara bar3I huI ! ATha varSakI jaba vaha thI taba eka rona ghAsa kATaneke liye vanameM jAte huye use zrI pihitAzrava munirAjake darzana ho gye| usane bhI zrIguruke mukhAraviMdase dharma zravaNa kiyA aura unake parAmarzase ekAdazI vrata grahaNa kiyA ! vratako pUrNataH pAlakara vahI kanyA marakara tere yaha sukauzala nAmaka putra huA hai / yaha caramazarIrI hai, isI bhavase mokSalAbha kregaa| isIliye yaha rAjyakAnase vimukha rahatA hai|' rAjA apane putra kA yaha pUrvabhava sunakara saMsArase virakta ho calA aura rAjabhavanameM Akara usane sukauzalako to 1-bhagavAn mahAvIra aura ma. duddha pR0 37-38 / 2- jainakathAsaMgraha pR. 135 /

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314 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | .. rAjyasiMhAsanapara ArUr3ha kiyA aura svayaMne pihitAzrava AcArya ke. nikaTa jAkara dIkSA grahaNa karalI thI / idhara sukauzala rAjyAdhikArI to huye, parantu inakA citta sadA hI rAjyakAjase udAsa rahatA thA / naubata yahAMtaka pahuMcI ki eka maMtrIne inake viruddha SaDyaMtra bhI racaDAlA ki jisase yaha sugamatA se rAjyacyuta kiye jAsakeM; kiMtu dUsare rAjyabhakta maMtrIne isakA bhaMDA phor3a diyA ! pariNAmataH sukauzala rAjAne rAjyabhakta maMtrIko rAjyapada diyA aura svayaM mokSalAbha kiyA thA / isa kathA se bhI pihitAzrava munirAjakA bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIke tIrtha meM honA pramANita hai, kyoMki bhagavAna mahAvIra ke dharmapracAra ke samaya kauzAmbImeM rAjA zatAnIkakA rAjya honA likhA gayA hai, jinase pahale hI ukta ghaTanA ghaTita huI hogI! kintu isa kathA meM kauzAmbIko kauzalya deza meM avasthita batalAyA hai; 2 jo ThIka nahIM hai kyoMki kauzalakI rAjadhAnI zrAvastI thI aura kauzAmbI batsadezakA rAjanagara the| sAtha hI zrI 'uttarapurANa' jIke nimna aMzase isa kathAkI bahuta sadRzatA hai aura isameM ghaTanAsthAna campA batalAyA gayA hai; yathA: 1 2 "astyatra viSayogAkhyaH saMgataH sarvavastubhiH / nagarI tatra caMpAkhyA tatpatiH zvetavAhanaH // 8 // zrutvA dharma jinAdasmAnninirvegA hitAzayaH / rAjyabhAraM samAropya sute vimalavAhane // 9 // saMyamaM bahubhiH sArddhamatraiva pratipannavAn / 1 hamArA 'bhagavAna mahAvIra pR0 108 / 2 jaina kathAsaMgraha pR0 135 / buddhisTa inDiyA pR0 232 /

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bhagavAnake mukhya ziSya / [315 ciraM munigaNaiH sAkaM vihRtyaakhNddsNymeH||10|| dharmeSu rucimAtanvana dazasvapyanizaM jnaiH| prAptadharmaruciH khyAtiH sakhyaM yatsarvajaMtuSu // 11 // adya mAsopavAsAMte bhikSArtha prAvizatpuraM / puruSAH saMhatAstatra ttsmopmitaastryH|| 12 // naralakSaNazAstrajJasteSveko vIkSya tanmuni / lakSaNAnyasya sAmrAjya padavIprAptihetavaH // 13 // aTatyeSa ca bhikSAyai zAstroktaM tnmRssessau| vadannabhihitonyena na mRSA zAstrabhASitaM // 14 // tyaktasAmrAjyataMtroyamRSiH kenApi hetunaa| niviNNastanaye vAle nidhAya vyAtiM nijAM // 15 // svayaM svArtha samuddizya tapaH kartumihAgataH / maMtriprabhRtibhiH sarvaiH kRtvA taM zRMkhalAta // 16 // " yahAMpara campAke rAjA zvetavAhanako apane vimalAvAhana putrako rAjya dekara zrI vIra bhagavAnake nikaTa tapazcaraNa dhAraNa karate batAyA hai / uparAMta muni bheSameM unhoMne rAjagRhameM lakSaNa zAstra-vettAoMke mukhase apane putrakA maMtriyoM dvArA rAjyacyuta kiyA jAnA bhI sunA thA, yaha bhI ukta zlokoMmeM kahA gayA hai| pUrvokta sukauzala munivAlI kathA bhI isI DhaMga kI hai| isaliye bahuta sambhava hai ki uparAMta kAlake ukta kathAkArane sukauzala munikI kathAko vizeSatA deneke liye campApurake zvetavAhanavAlI ghaTanAko usameM jor3a diyA ho ! isIliye zAyada unhoMne kauzala dezake rAjAkA putra sukauzalako batalAyA hai / kauzalake eka rAjAkA nAma mahAkauzala bauddha

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316 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | zAstroM meM milatA hai, jinake putra prasenajita the / ' sAtha hI rAjAkA harivAhana nAma bhI zvetavAhana nAmase sadRzatA rakhatA hai / ina bAtoMke dekhate hue jaba hama 'ArAdhanA kathAkoSa' meM sukauzala nikI kathAko par3hate haiM, to yaha ThIka jaMca jAtA hai ki ukta "mauna ekAdazIvrata kathA' kA varNana aitihAsikatA ke viruddha hai / isI " kathAsaMgraha' kI eka anya kathA meM hama madhya kAlake rAjA narava-rmAkA sambaMdha dekha hI cuke haiN| jisako usa kathAmeM bahu prAcIna kAlameM jA rakhakhA hai / 'ArAdhanA kathAkoSa' meM sukauzala ayodhyA ke - rAjA prajApAlake samaya meM huye seTha siddhArthake putra batAye gaye haiM aura unheM dUsare bhavase mokSagAmI hote. batalAyA gayA hai / kintu isa saba varNana se itanA to spaSTa hI hai ki munirAja pihitAzravake nikaTa kisI vyaktine avazya hI dIkSA grahaNa kI thI, yaha vyakti saMbhavataH seTha siddhArtha hI pratIta hote haiN| sAtha hI aMgadezastha campApara rAjagRhake rAjA zreNikake putra kuNikakA rAjyAdhikArI hone kA bhI sambaMdha ukta varNanase spaSTa hai / campAke rAjA ayogya the aura maMtriyoMne unheM rAjya-bhraSTa kara diyA thA / isa maukepara kuNikakA vahAM para adhikAra prApta kara lenA sugama hI thA / isa taraha isa vivaraNa meM kuNikakA campApara rAja pAnekA kAraNa upalabdha ho jAtA hai, jo bhAratIya itihAsake liye bhI upayogI hai / astu ! zrI ' nAgakumAra carita' meM bhI eka pihitAzrava munikA ullekha hameM milatA hai; kintu jaina zAstroMmeM zrI nAgakumArajIko bhagavAn 1 - inDiyana hisTorIkala kvArTalI bhAga 1 pR0 158 / 2-ArAdhanA kathAkoSa bhAga 2 pR0 232 /

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bhagavAnake mukhya ziSya / [ 317 neminAthajIke tIrthameM huA batalAyA jAtA hai / ' aura usa ava-sthAmeM ina pihitAzrava munikA bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIkI ziSyapara-mparAkA muni honA azakya hai / parantu jaba nAgakumAra caritameM aneka aisI bAtoM kA ullekha hama pAte haiM jinakA sambaMdha bhagavAn - mahAvIra ke prArambhika kAlakI ghaTanAoMse prAyaH ThIka baiThatA hai, -to yahI pratibhASita hotA hai ki yaha pihitAzrava muni vahI haiM jo zrI pArzvanAthamIkI ziSyaparamparA meM the| ho saktA hai ki nAgakumA -rakA janma zrI nemanAthasvAmI ke tIrthameM hogayA ho aura vaha bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke tIrtha ke aMtima samayataka balki uparAntataka vidyamAna rahe hoM, kyoMki unakI Ayu bhI 1070 varSakI batalAI gaI hai / unakI kathAmeM jaya aura vijaya nAmaka muniyoMkA bhI ullekha milatA hai; aura isI nAmake muniyoMkA honA zrI pArzvanAthajIkI ziSyaparamparA meM bhAvadevasUrike "pArzvanAtha carita" se bhI prakaTa hai jaise ki hama Upara dekha cuke haiM / giritaTa nagarase nAgakumArakA zrI nemi - 1 nAthajIkI vaMdanA ke liye parvatapara jAnekA ullekha bhI isa bAtakA dyotaka hai ki usa samaya bhagavAn neminAtha vidyamAna nahIM the / . nAgakumArakI kathA meM siMdhudeza ke rAjA caMDapradyota batAye gaye haiM / " usa prAcInakAla meM isa nAmake eka prAmANika rAjA kevala ujjayanIke the aura vaha bhagavAn mahAvIra ke samaya meM bhI vidyamAna the / kintu yahAM para jo unako siMdhudezakA rAjA likhA gayA hai, vaha bhI ThIka 2 3 1 - zrI puNyAzrava kathAkoSa' pR0 180 / 169 / 4 - pUrva0 pR0 173 / 5 - pUrva0 pR0 pR0 23 / 2 - pUrvavat / 3 - pUrva0 pR0 172 / 6 - buddhisTa inDiyA

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398 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | 5. 3. hai, kyoMki jainAcAryoMne carmaNAvatI nadIko hI siMdhunadI mAnA hai; balki isa nAmakI eka nadI vahIM maujUda thii| isaliye hI isa nadI ke taTavartI dezako siMdhudeza jaina zAstroMmeM likhA gayA hai / rAjA ceTakakI rAjadhAnI vizAlAko bhI isI apekSA siMdhudeza meM jainAcAryoMne likhA hai / ujjayanIkA hI dUsarA nAma vizAlA thA / kavi kAlidAsane apane meghadUta kAvyameM usIke liye 'vizAlAM vizAlAm ' padakA prayoga kiyA thA / isIparase uparAntake jainAcAryoMne vizAlA (vaizAlI) ko siMdhudezameM batalA diyA thA; yadyapi vAstavame vaha videha dezameM thI, jaise ki Aja purAtatvakI khojase pramANita huA hai / Aja bhI jaina zAstrakAroM kI taraha katipaya vidvAna bhramase kavi kAlidAsake ukta padakA prayoga vaizAlIse sambaMdhita kara dete haiM; jabaki vAstavameM vaha ujjayanIke liye hI lAgU hai| ataeva isa kathana se yaha spaSTa hai ki uparokta caNDapradyota, jo siMdhupradezake rAjA batAye gaye haiM, vahI haiM jo uparAntameM ujjayanIke prakhyAt rAjAke rUpameM hameM hindU, bauddha aura jainazAstroM meM milate haiM / isa ullekhase bhI nAgakumArajIkA bhagavAn 1 - asya: sindhoH carmaNvatyAH / - yogirATa: - ' pArzvAbhyudayakAvya TIkA | 2 - bhavabhUtikA 'mAlatImAdhava nATaka' - kanandhima jAgaraphI ( nayA saMskaraNa ) noTa pR0 727 / 3-kavi dhanapAlane apane 'bhaviSyadatta carita' meM isa pradezakA siMdhu nAmase ullekha kiyA hai- dekho aMgrejI jainagajaTa varSa 22 pR 249 para merA lekha / 4 - zreNikacaritra pR0 aura uttarapurANa pR. 634 / 5 - vizAlAM ujjayinIpurIm / 'vizAlojjayinIsamA' ityAbhidhAnAt yogirATa: zrI pArzvAbhyudaya kAvya pR0 90-91 / 6 - dekho hamArA 'bhagavAna mahAvIra' pR0 63-68 / 7 - DaoN0 pada vaizAlIke liye batalAyA hai aura unake anusAra hamane aisA likhA thA / bI0 sI0 laoNne yaha

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bhagavAnke mukhya ziSya / [319 mahAvIrase kiJcit pahale taka vidyamAna rahanA pramANita hotA hai / yaha nAgakumAra magadhadezake kanakapura nAmaka nagarake rAjA jayaMdharakI rAnI pRthvImatIke putra the / inakA mUla nAma pratApaMdhara thaa| bauddhoMke "udenavatthu' nAmaka kathAnakameM kauzAmbIke eka rAjAkA nAma parantapa likhA hai / yaha ma0 buddhase kiJcita pahaletaka maujUda the aura inakA putra udAyana thA, jo vINAvAdanameM bahuprasiddha thA / saMbhava hai ki pratApaMdharakA hI ullekha bauddhoMne parantapake rUpameM kiyA ho| jo ho, ina pratApaMdharane apane pitA dvArA gharase nikAle jAnepara bahu dezoMmeM paryaTana kiyA thA aura vividha sthAnoMkI rAjyakanyAyoMse pANigrahaNa kiyA thA / antataH yaha apane nagarako vApisa pahuMca gaye the aura rAjA jayaMdharane inake supurda rAjya karake svayaM zrI "pihitAzrava munike nikaTa dIkSA grahaNa karalI thI!' isake ati. rikta pihitAzrava munikA ullekha isa kathAmeM kaI jagaha aura bhI AyA hai| zrI 'puNyAzrava kathAkoSa' meM zrI bhaviSyadattakI kathAmeM bhI pihitAzrava munikA kathana hai| vahAM likhA hai ki bhaviSyadattane pihitAzrava munise dIkSA lI thI; parantu isa graMthase prAcIna kavi dhanapAlake bhaviSyadatta caritrameM munikA nAmollekha nahIM hai / . zrI "samyaktva kaumudI" kI viSNuzrIkI kathAmeM bhI pihitAzrava munikA ullekha hai| dakSiNa dezake venAtaTa nagarake rAjA 1-lAipha eNDa varka Apha buddhaghoSa pR0 119 / 2-puNyAzrava kathAkoSa pR0 179 / 3-pUrva* pR0 192 / 4-zrI samyaktva kaumudI pR. 84 /

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320 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / somaprabhane yajJoMke dvArA jo phala nahIM prApta kara pAyA thA, vaha vahIMke eka garIbapara dAnazIla vizvabhUti nAmaka brAhmaNane muni pihitAzravako AhAradAna denese upArjana kara liyA thaa| isa dAnazIla brAhmaNake phala-prabhAvako dekhakara hI rAjA pihitAzrava munirAjake nikaTa gayA thA aura unase antataH zrAvakake vrata usane grahaNa kiye the| yaha kathA bhI saMbhavataH bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke tIrthake muni pihitAzravase sambaMdhita hai| inake atirikta anyatra hameM muni pihitAzravake viSayameM kucha adhika jJAta nahIM hotA hai / tathApi itane vivaraNase yaha to spaSTa hI hai ki muni pihitAzrava sarvatra vicara kara usa samaya dharmakA udyota kara rahe the| kintu kheda hai ki unake viSaya meM isase adhika aura kucha jJAta nahIM hai| digaMbara jaina zAstroMmeM inake atirikta saMjaya, vijaya, maudgalAyana Adi jaina muniyoMkA ullekha bhI hameM bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke tIrthakAlameM huA milatA hai aura ina sabakA ullekha hama agAr3I eka svataMtra paricchedameM kareMge / yahAMpara zvetAMbara saMpradAyake sAhityapara bhI eka dRSTi DAla lenA Avazyaka hai / vahAM hameM bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke tIrthake sarvAbhimukha munike rUpameM zramaNa kezIke. darzana hote haiN| yaha bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmIke samayameM vidyamAna the aura eka saMghake AcArya the| inhIMkI adhyakSatAmeM pArzvasvAmIke tIrthake muniyoMne zrI mahAvIrasvAmIkI zaraNa grahaNa kI thI, yaha zvetAMbara zAstroMkA kathana hai / isase adhika inake viSayameM hameM aura kucha jJAta nahIM hai| inake atirikta zrI bhAvadevasari bhagavAn 1-uttarAdhyayana sUtra 23 / -

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bhagavAna ke mukhya ziSya / [321 pArzvanAthanIke cAra khAsa ziSyoMkA ullekha karate haiN| ve ziva, suMdara, soma aura jaya nAmaka the / inako bhagavAnakI divyadhvanise jJAta hogayA thA ki ve usI bhavase siddhapada prApta kareMge aura isI anurUpa ve dhArmika jIvana vyatIta karane lage the / kintu jaba hI mokSa prAptikA samaya nikaTa AyA to unake hRdaya kSubhita hogae / Akhira ve bhagavAnakI zaraNameM aaye| jahAM unheM zIghra hI kevalajJAnakI prApti hogaI aura ve saba siddha hogaye / ' 'sUtrakRtAMga' meM bhI eka 'udaya peDhAlaputta' nAmaka munikA ullekha hai| yaha zrIpArzvanAthanI ziSyaparamparAke ziSya vahAM batalAye gaye haiM / (pAsAvaMcijje niyaMThe meyajje gotteNaM / ) inakA gotra medArya ( meyaja ) thaa| inhoMne kumAra putra nAmaka RSise 'pratyAkhyAna' saMbaMdhameM rAjagRhake lepa nAmaka gRhapatike bhavana meM carcA kI thii| yaha lepa mUlameM nAlaMdAke nivAsI the, jahAM inakI 'zeSa dravyA' nAmaka udakazAlA aura usake pAsa 'hastiyAma' nAmakA eka bar3A bagIcA thA / (purAtattva bhAga 2 aMka 2 pRSTha 133 ) isa prakAra bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke khAsa ziSyoM aura unake tIrthake mukhya muniyoM ke pavitra jIvana the / inake varNanase spaSTa hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIkA bhI eka saMgaThita munisaMgha thA aura vaha bhagavAna mahAvIrajIke samaya taka vidyamAna rahA thaa| yaha bAta na thI ki ma0 buddhake pahale koI saMgaThita munisaMgha bhAratameM nahIM hI thaa| bhagavAna pArzvanAthake bhavya ziSyagaNa eka niyamita saMghameM madeg buddhake pahalese jainadharmakI vinaya vaijayaMtI uDDAyamAna kara rahe the, bhavyoMko - 1-lAipha eNDa sTorIja oNpha pArzvanAtha pR0 170 /

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322 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / sacce sukhakA rAjamArga nisTara bhAvase javalA rahe the, raMkase lekara -rAva takakA kalyANa kara rahe the / bheda aura pakSase vilaga rahate ve - sabake hI Adara pAtra bana rahe the / ve apanA aura parakA upakAra karane meM sadA baddhaparikara the / lobha aura mamatva to unako apane zarIra taka nahIM thA / ve vIra the, pUrNa nisTahI the, apane jaise Apa the ! parama tyAmake sAkSAt Adarza the / paramapUjya zramaNa the / unake caraNoM meM saba hI natamastaka hote the ! kavikI tAna meM 1 tAna milAkara saba yahI kahate the: -- " jasa gAvata zArada zeSa kharo, aghavanta udhAranako tumaro / tihiMteM zaranAgata Ana paro, viradAvalikI kachu lAja dharo // dukha vAri prabhu pAra karo, duritAri haro sukhasiMdhu bharo / saba kleza azeSa haro hamaro, aba dekha dukhI mata dera karo / / " 10-310-01-01 ( 18 ) makkha ligozAla, maudgalAyana prabhRti zeSa ziSya / "masayari- pUraNa risiNo uppaNNI pAsaNAhatitthambhi | sirivIra samavasaraNe agahiyajhuNiNA niyatteNa // / 176 / / -bahiNiggaeNa uttaM majhaM eyArasAMgadhArissa / Nigga jhuNINa, aruho NiggayavissAsa sIsassa // 177 // Na muNai jiNakahiyasuyaM saMpai divakhAya gahiya goyamao / vippoveyanbhAsI tamhA mokkhaM Na NANAo // 178 //

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makkhaligozAla, maudgalAyana prabhRti zeSa ziSya / [ 323 aNNANAo mokkhaM evaM loyANa payau mANo hu / devo a NatthiM koI muNNaMjhAeha icchAe // 179 // " zrI darzanasAraH / aMtima tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra sarvajJapadako prApta kara cuke the ! kevalajJAna sUryakA prakhara udaya unake nikaTa ho cukA thA ! devoMne Akara usa samayapara harSita bhAvase Anandotsava manA karake aura sabhAmaNDapa racakara usa avasarakI divyazobhAko aura bhI adhika bar3hA diyA thA ! bhagavAna mahAvIra gaMdhakuTImeM aSTa prAtihAryasahita antarIkSa birAjamAna the; parantu to bhI unakI vANI nahIM khirI / devendra Adi tRSita cAtakoM ke ekaTaka nihArate rahane para bhI bhagavAna - dvArA dharmAmRtakI varSA na huI ! devendra AzcaryameM par3a gayA, usane apane viziSTa avadhijJAnake bala jAna liyA ki bhagavAna ke divyopadezako aba dhAraNa karanevAlA yogya vyakti yahAM maujUda nahIM hai| isIliye vaha rAjagRhake indrabhUti gautama nAmaka vadepAraMgata vidyA nako vahAM livAlAyA aura vaha bhavya brAhmaNa bhagavAnakI zaraNa meM prApta hokara Atura dharmAtmA cAtakoM ko bhagavAnakI divyadhvani se dharmapIyUSa pilAne meM sahAyaka huye / kintu isI samaya bhagavAnake samavazaraNameM zrI pArzvanAthajIkI ziSyaparamparAkA makkhali athavA mazkari gozAla nAmaka eka vayaprApta RSi maujUda thA / use isa ghaTanAse bar3A roSa AyA / vaha phaurana hI samavazaraNase uThakara cala diyA aura bAhara nikalakara kahane lagA ki 'dekho kaise AzcaryakI bAta hai ki maiM gyAraha aMgakA jJAtA hUM to bhI divyadhvani nahIM huI ! para jo jinakathita zrutako hI nahIM mAnatA hai, jisane abhI -

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~ 324] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / hAla hI dIkSA grahaNa kI hai aura jo vedoMkA abhyAsa karanevAlA brAhmaNa hai vaha gautama (iMdrabhUti) isake liye yogya samajhA gayA ! ataH jAna par3atA hai ki jJAnase mokSa nahIM hotaa|' basa isa nizcayake sAtha hI vaha apane isa matakA pracAra logoMmeM karane lagA aura yaha prakaTa karane lagA ki ajJAnase hI mokSa hotA hai / deva yA Izvara koI hai hI nhiiN| ataeva svecchApUrvaka zUnyakA dhyAna karanA cAhiye ! isaprakAra bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke tIrthameMke yaha eka anyaprakhyAta munikA paricaya hai ! yaha to bauddhazAstroMse bhI siddha hai ki makkhaligozAla nAmaka eka bahuprasiddha matapravartaka taba maujUda thA aura Akhira vaha AjIvika sampradAyakA mukhya netA bana gayA thA / unake 'dIghanikAya meM usako ajJAnamatakA hI prarvataka batalAyA hai| gozAlake mukhase vahAM para yaha kahalAyA gayA hai ki "na koI hetu hai aura na koI aisI pahalese sthita sattA hI hai jo sattAtmaka jIvoMke saMklezakA kAraNa ho / unakA azuddhapanA heturahita aura pahalese sthita kisI vastukI racanA nahIM hai / tathApi sattAtmaka jIvoMkI zuddhatAke lie na koI kAraNa hai aura na koI aisA tatka (Principle) jo pahalese maujUda ho / unakI zuddhatA ahetumaya aura vinA kisI pahalese sthita vastukI racI huI hai| unakI utpattike liye vahAM kucha nahIM hai jo vyaktiyoMke cAritrake phalarUpa 1-mahAparinivvAna sutta (P. T. S. Vol. II) pR0 150 / 2- vIra" vaSa 3 aMka 12-13 pR0 318-19 / 3-dIghanikAya (P. T. S. Vol. II) pR. 53-54 / 4-yahAMpara deva yA Izvarako nahIM mAnanekA bhAva spaSTa hai /

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makkhaligozAla, maudgalAyana prabhRti zeSa ziSya / [325 ho, dUsaroMke kAryoMke pariNAmarUpa ho athavA mAnavI prayatnoMkA natIjA ho / ' unakA prArdubhAva na vIryase aura na prayatnase hotA hai / tathApi na mAnuSika tyAgase aura na mAnuSika zaktise pratyeka sattAtmaka prANI, pratyeka kIr3A, makor3A, pratyeka jIvita padArtha cAhe vaha pazu ho athavA vanaspati; vaha saba AMtarika ( Intrinsic ) zakti, vIrya aura tAkatase rahita hai, kintu apane pariNAmAdhIna AvazyaktAmeM pha~sA huA vaha chaha prakArake jIvanoMmeM sukha duHkha. bhugatatA hai / isa taraha saMsAra meM pariNAmAdhIna bhaTakatA huA vyakti cAhe vaha mUrkha ho athavA paMDita ho niyata mahAkalpoMke uparAnta samAna rItise duHkhakA anta karatA hai / " mUrkha athavA paMDitako samAna rItise mokSa lAbha karate batalAnA, isa bAtakA dyotaka hai ki makkhaligozAla mokSa prAptike liye jJAnako Avazyaka nahIM mAnatA thaa| ataeva isa kathanase paricchedake prArambhameM dI huI gAthAoM kA samarthana hotA hai, jinakA bhAva vahI hai, jo hama Upara batA cuke haiM / yahAM jainAcAryane gozAlake maMtavya ThIka vahI batAye haiM, jo bauddhoMke ukta uddharaNameM nirdiSTa kiye gaye haiN| isI prakAra zvetAMbara jainoMke 'sUtrakRtAMga' meM bhI gozAlakI gaNanA ajJAnavAdameM kI gaI hai| sAtha hI pANini bhI makkhaligozAlakA mata isI tarahakA pratipAdita karatA hai| pANinisUtrameM kahA gayA hai ki-makkhali kahatA thA-karma mata karo, zAMti vAMchanIya haiN|' bhAva yahI hai ki kucha 1-isameM spaSTataH akriyAvAdako svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, jisakA bhAva yahI hai ki kucha mata karo, svacchanda raho, zUnyatAmeM matta bano ! jaise digambara zAstrakArakA kathana hai / 2-sUtrakRtAMga 2-1-345 / 3-AjIviksa bhAga 1 pR0 12 /

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323 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / * mata karo, zUnya meM garta hojAo / pariNAmavAdake hAthoM meM kaThaputale * bane nAcate raho / niyata kAlameM tumhArA svayaM hI nivaTerA hojAyagA / kintu 'darzanasAra' kI uparokta gAthAoM meM 'maskari - pUraNa' kA eka sAtha ullekha kiyA gayA hai, mAno yaha donoM eka hI vyakti hai athavA inakA itanA ghaniSTa sambaMdha hai, jo ina donoM kA ullekha eka sAtha kiyA jA sake / yaha bAta di0 jainAcArya ke isa kathana se hI kevala pragaTa nahIM hai, kintu bauddhoMke ' aGguttaranikAya ' nAmaka - granthase bhI yahI pramANita hai / ' vahAM makkhaligozAlake chaH abhijAti siddhAMta ko pUrNakA batalAyA gayA hai aura usImeM anyatra "usako makkha ligozAlakA prAyaH ziSya hI batalAyA hai / isI kAraNa Adhunika vidvAn pUrNakAzyapa aura makkhaligozAlake ApasI saMbaMdha ko svIkAra karate haiM aura isaliye jainAcAryakA ukta prakAra . ina donoM vyaktiyoMkA eka sAtha ullekha karanA kucha anokhA nahIM hai| hAM ! zvetAMbara jainoMkI mAnyatA isa viSaya meM isake viruddha hai / ve makkha ligozAlako svayaM bhagavAn mahAvIrakA ziSya batalAte haiM aura unakI chadmastha avasthAmeM vaha bhagavAna mahAvIrake nikaTa dIkSita huA thA yaha kahate haiM / kintu yaha ThIka nahIM hai / unake anya granthoMse yaha bAdhita hai, kyoMki unameM yaha pragaTa kiyA gayA hai ki chadmasthAvasthA meM bhagavAna bolate nahIM the-mauna rahate the| isa dazA meM gozAlakA bhagavAn mahAvIrakA ziSya batalAnA galata hai aura isa .. 1 - aMguttaranikAya bhAga 3 pR0 383 / 2 - inDiyana enTIkverI bhAga 43 / 3 - bhagavatI sUtra 15 - 16 / 4 - AcArAMga sUtra (S. B. E.) pR0 80 / +

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makkhaligozAla, maudgalAyana prabhRti zeSa ziSya / [327 kAraNa unake anya kathanapara bhI sahasA vizvAsa nahIM kiyA jA saktA ! Adhunika vidvAn bhI isI niSkarSapara pahuMce haiM ki gozAla bhagavAn mahAvIrakA ziSya nahIM thA; parantu sAtha hI vaha zvetAMbara graMthoMke AdhArase jo svayaM use bhagavAna mahAvIrakA guru batalAte haiM aura bhagavAnane nagna bheSa usase grahaNa kiyA thA, jo yaha kahate haiM vaha bhI ThIka nahIM haiM ! jaina mAnyatAke anusAra pratyeka tIrthaMkara svayaM buddha hotA hai aura isI anurUpa kisI bhI jaina athavA ajaina zAstrase yaha pramANita nahIM hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIra athavA kisI anya tIrthakarane kisI vyaktise koI zikSA grahaNa kI ho / jisa zvetAMbara grantha ke bala Adhunika vidvAna gozAlako bhagavAnakA guru batalAte haiM svayaM usase bhI yaha pramANita nahIM hotA ki gozAlase bhagavAnane kucha sIkhA ho / nagna bheSa grahaNa karanekI bAta bhI ulTI hai ! bhagavAna mahAvIrake nikaTa Akara gozAlane nagna bheSa grahaNa kiyA thA / taba phira bhalA yaha kaise saMbhava hai ki bhagavAnane usase nagna bheSa grahaNa kiyA ho ! isa dazAmeM Adhunika vidvAnoMkI yaha saba korI kalpanA hI hai ! gozAlake viSayameM yaha spaSTa hai ki usane apane siddhAMta 'pUrvo' se liye the aura yaha pUrva sivAya jaina pUrvoke aura koI the nhiiN| yaha Adhunika vidvAna bhI mAnate haiN| sAtha hI usake siddhAMta bhI jainasiddhAMtoMse liye huye pragaTa hote 1-AjIviksa bhAga 1 pR0 17; jainasUtra (S. B. E. YOL. XLV) bhAga 2 bhUmikA 1 / 2-pUrva donoM pramANa; hisTArIla glIniMgsa 10 38-41 aura prI. bUddhisTika inDiyana philAsaphI pra0 374 aura 381 / 3-bizada vivecanake lie "vIra" varSa 3 aMka 12-13. dekhanA caahiye| 4-AjIviksa bhAga 1 pR. 42-45 /

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328]... bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / . . haiN| vaha AtmAkA astitva aura usakA svarUpa karIbara jainadharmake anusAra mAnatA thA / AtmAko vaha arogI sAMsArika maloMse vilaga svIkAra karatA thA evaM saMsAra paribhramaNa siddhAMtako bhI svIkAra karatA thA / bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIne isI taraha AtmA saMbaMdhI siddhAMta pratipAdita kiyA thA / yahI nahIM, aNuvAda (Atomic Theory) jo khAsa jainiyoMkA hI siddhAnta hai, vaha bhI usako ThIka jainadharmake anusAra mAnya thaa| usakA nagna bheSa bhI bhagavAna pArzvanAtha nIke anurUpa thaa| aSTAMga nimitta jJAnako usane pUrvose grahaNa kiyA hI thA, jinakA pradipAdana bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIkI divyadhvanise hocukA thaa| usakA cattAripANagAyaM cattAriapANagAyaM siddhAMta jainiyoMke sallekhanA vratake samAna hI thaa| usane savve sattA, savve jIvA, adhikamma, saMjJI, asaMjJI zabda jo vyavahRta kiye the, vaha khAsa jainiyoMke zabda haiN| makkhaline apanA chai abhijAti siddhAMta bhI bhagavAna pArzvanAthake SaTakAya jIvabhedase grahaNa kiyA thA aura jaina zAstra spaSTa rItise usake jaina muni honekI ghoSaNA karate hI haiM / ataeva jaina muni-dazAse bhraSTa hokara ukta prakAra jainadharmase sAdRzatA rakhate huye siddhAMtoM kA pratipAdana karanA usake lie Avazyaka hI thA ! usakA ziSya upaka nAmaka AjIvika jaina tIrthakara ananta jinakI bhI upAsanA karatA thA / sacamuca AjIvika saMpradAyakI utpatti bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke 1-jainasUtra S. B. E. bhAga 1 bhUmikA / 2-insA zlo. Apha rilIjana eNDa ithiksa bhAga 2 pR0 199 / 3-AjIviksa bhAga 1 pR0 41 / 4-dIghanikAya (S. B. E.) bhAga 2 pR. 53-54 / 5-prI-buddhisTika inDiyana philAsaphI pR. 303 /

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makkha ligozAla, maudralAyana prabhRti zeSa ziSya / [ 329 divya upadezake prabhAva anurUpa huI thI aura makkhaligozAlane bhI antataH usakA netRtva svIkAra kara liyA thA / isI kAraNa bauddhazAstroM meM usakA varNana hameM ma0 buddhake samaya meM eka svAdhIna mata"pravartaka ke rUpameM milatA haiN| Adhunika vidvAna bauddhoMke tatkAlIna -kathanako usase pahale ke samaya se bhI lAgU kara dete haiM, yadyapi yaha ThIka hai ki ma0 buddhake dharmopadeza deneke pahale hI svataMtra matapravataka rUpameM vaha prakaTa ho gayA thA / kintu isake artha yaha nahIM hote ki makkhali kabhI jaina muni nahIM thA aura bhagavAna mahAcIrane usase hI saiddhAMtika vicAra karanekI yogyatA prApta karake eka nayA saMgha sthApita kiyA thA; ! jaisA ki kinhIM logoMkA khyAla hai / AjIvika saMpradAyakA udgama jahAM jainadharmase huA thA, vahAM usakA anta bhI jainadharmake utkRSTa prabhAvake samakSa huA thA / uparAMta kAlameM AjIvikoM kA ullekha di0 jainoMke rUpameM hotA thA aura ve di0 jaina hogaye the / ( halza, sAutha iMDiyana iMsakripazansa, bhA0 9 80 88 va AjIvika bhA0 1) / isaprakAra bhagavAna pArzvanAthajI ke tIrthavartI eka anya prakhyAt RSikA varNana hai | bhagavAna mahAvIrake sarvajJapada pAte hI vaha unase vilaga hogayA thA aura AjIvika saMpradAyakA netA banakara pariNAmavAda aura ajJAnakA pracAra karane lagA thA ! makkha ligozAla ke atirikta saMjaya, vijaya aura maudgalAyana nAmaka muni aura the jo bhagavAn pArzvanAthakI ziSyaparamparAmeM 1-bhagavAna mahAvIra pR0 173 aura 'vIra' varSa 3 aMka 12-134 2- dIghanikAya - sAmaNNa phalasuta /

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / ullekhanIya haiN| saMjaya aura vijaya yaha donoM cAraNa (AkAzagAmI) jaina muni the aura yaha bhagavAna mahAvIrake janma samaya taka vidyamAna the / inako kisI prakArakI saiddhAMtika saMzaya vidyamAna thIM; nisakA samAdhAna inako bhagavAna mahAvIrake darzana karate hI hogayA thA / zvetAMbaroMke 'uttarAdhyayanasUtra' meM bhI eka saMjaya nAmake munikA ullekha hai parantu yaha pragaTa nahIM ki ve bhI yahI muni the / kiMtu udhara bauddha zAstroM meM bhI eka saMjaya nAmaka matapravartakakA ullekha milatA hai aura unake ziSya maudgalAyana evaM sArIputta vahAM batalAye gaye haiM / maudgalAyana jaina muni the, yaha bAta zrI amitagati AcAryake nimna zlokoMse pragaTa hai: "ruSTaH zrIvIranAthasya tapasvI mauddilaaynH| ziSyaH zrIpArzvanAthasya vidadhe buddhadarzanam // 68 // zuddhodana sutaM buddhaM paramAtmAnamabravIt / prANinaH kurvate kiM na koparvariparAjitAH // 69 // " ina zlokoMmeM mauDilAyana athavA maudgalAyana nAmaka tapasvIko zrI pArzvanAthanIkI ziSyaparamparAmeM batalAyA hai| usane mahAvIra bhagavAnase ruSTa hokara buddha darzanako calAyA thA aura zuddhodanake putra buddhako paramAtmA mAnA thA yaha bhI kahA hai ! yahAMpara maudgalAyanako bauddhamatakA pravartaka isIliye likhA hai ki maudgalAyana vizeSa prakhyAta aura bauddha dharma kA utkaTa pracAraka thA / isa apekSA maudgalAyanako 1-uttarapurANa pR0 608 aura mahAvIracarita pR0 255 / 2uttarAdhyayana ( S. B E. ) pR. 82 / 3-mahAvagga 1-23-24 / 4-dharmaparIkSA adhyAya 18 / 5-hisTArIkala glIningAsa pR0 45 /

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5 makkhaligozAla, maudgalAyana prabhRti zeSa ziSya / [ 331 hI bauddhadharmakA pravartaka kahA jAya to kucha atyukti nahIM hai / isa dazAmeM yaha spaSTa hai ki jainAcArya bhI unhIM maudgalAyanakA ullekha kararahe haiM; jinake guru saMjaya batAye gaye haiM aura jaba svayaM maunalAyana jaina muni the, to usake guru bhI jaina muni honA cAhiye / saubhAgya se inake guru saMjayakA jaina muni honA anyarUpameM bhI pramANita hai / aura yaha saMjaya evaM jaina zAstra ke cAraNa RddhidhArI muni saMjaya saMbhavataH eka hI vyakti haiM / pahale saMjayakI zikSAyeM jo bauddha zAstroM meM aMkita hai vaha jainiyoM ke syAdvAda siddhAMtakI vikRta rUpAntara hI haiM / isase isa bAtakA samarthana hotA hai ki syAdvAda siddhAMta bhagavAna mahAvIra se pahale kA hai, jaise ki jainiyoMkI mAnyatA hai aura usako saMjayane pArzvanAthajIkI ziSya paraMparAke kisI munise sIkhA thA; parantu vaha usako ThIka taura se na samajha sakA aura vikRta rUpameM hI usakI ghoSaNA karatA rahA / jaina zAstra bhI aspaSTa rUpameM isI bAta kA ullekha karate haiM, arthAt vaha kahate haiM ki saMjayako zaGkAyeM thIM jo bhagavAna mahAvIra ke darzana karane se dUra hogaI ! yadi yaha bAta isa taraha se nahIM thI to phira bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 buddhake samaya ke itane prakhyAt matapravartakakA kyA huA, yaha kyoM nahIM vidita hotA ? isalie hama jaina mAnyatAko vizvasanIya pAte haiM aura dekhate haiM ki saMjaya athavA saMjaya vairatthIputra jo maudgalAyanake guru the, vaha jaina muni saMjaya hI the / dUsarI ora isa vyAkhyAkI puSTi isa taraha bhI hotI hai 1 - samannaphalamutta' "DAyolaoNgsa Apha buddha" ( S. B. B. II) 2- mahAvastu bhAga 3 pR0 59.

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[332 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | ki ina saMjayakI zikSAkI sAdRzyatA yUnAnI tatvavettA paira hokI zikSAoMse batalAI gaI hai / eka tarahase donoMmeM samAnatA hai aura isa paira hone jaimnophiTsa sUphiyoMse, jo IsAse pUrvakI cauthI - zatAbdimeM yUnAnI logoMko bhAratake uttara pazcimIya bhAga meM mile the, yaha zikSA grahaNa kI thI / " yaha jaimnophiTsa tatvavettA nigraMtha (digambara) sAdhuoMke atirikta aura koI nahIM the / yUnAniyoMne ina sAdhuoMkA nAma 'jaimnosUphiTsa' rakkhA thA / ataeva "jaina sAdhuoMse zikSA pAye huye yUnAnI tatvavettA pairahokI zikSAoMse ukta saMjayakI zikSAoM kA sAmaJjasya baiTha jAnA, hamArI ukta vyAkhyAkI puSTimeM eka aura spaSTa pramANa hai / isa avasthAmeM bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIkI tIrthaparamparA ke saMjaya aura maudgalAyana nAmaka prakhyAt sAdhuoMkA spaSTa paricaya pragaTa hojAtA hai / sacamuca bhagavAna pArzvanAthajI kI ziSyaparamparAmeMse ma0 buddha, makkhaligozAla aura maudgalAyanakA vilaga hokara apane naye mata sthApita karanA isa bAta kA pratyakSa pramANa hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke. divyopadezakA prabhAva usa samaya prabala rUpameM sarvavyApI hogayA thA aura usake kAraNa saiddhAntika vAtAvaraNameM halacala khar3I hogaI thI ! isaprakAra bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIkI ziSyaparamparAke prakhyAt zeSa ziSyoMke caritrakA bhI sAmAnya digdarzana hama yahAM kara lete haiM / inake atirikta aura bhI kinhIM muniyoMkA ullekha bhagavAnake tIrthavartI mahApuruSoM kA paricaya karAte huye agAr3I svayameva ho 1 1 - hisTArIkala glIni0 pR0 45. 2- pUrva pramANa. 3 - insAiklope - DiyA breTenikA bhAga 35.

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makkha ligozAla, maudralAyana prabhRti zeSa ziSya / [ 333 jAyagA ! isake agAr3I hama zvetAMvariyoM ke pArzvacaritameM Aye huye kinhIM prakhyAt vyaktiyoMkA vivaraNa dedenA ucita samajhate haiM, jaba ki hamArA uddezya bhagavAnake zAsanakA yathAsaMbhava pUrNa paricaya upasthita kara denA hai / astu; (19) sAgaradatta aura bandhudatta zreSTI !* 'strI nadIvat svabhAvena capalA nIcagAminI / unhattA ca jar3AtmAsau pakSadvayavinAzinI // " bhAvadevasUriH / puMDradeza meM tAmralipti nagara prakhyAt thA ! yahAMpara bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke samayameM eka sAgaradatta nAmakA zreSTI putra rahatA thA / sAgaradatta bharapUra yauvana meM paira rakha cukA thA, para to bhI vaha kAma - zarase bIMdhA nahIM gayA thA / use svabhAvase hI striyoMkI sUratase ghRNA thI, vaha unakA nAma sunate hI bahaka uThatA thA / kAmadevase usane isataraha pratyakSa hI virodha ThAna liyA thA, kintu vaha isa virodhameM saphala na huA ! kAmadeva ke zaroMne use vyathita avazya kiyA, para vaha usake hRdayako palaTa na sake ! eka dina sAgaradattakI dRSTi eka vaNika sutAke sundara rUpa - saundaryapara jA aTakI thii| usake manamohaka saundaryane sAgaradattako vihvala banA diyA thA / vaha usake mukharUpI kamalakA bhauMrA to * inakI kathAyeM zvetAmbarAcAryake varNita haiM / digambara zAstroMmeM inakA pAzvanAtha carita " ke AThaveM sargameM ullekha nahIM hai / 88 5

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334] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / avazya hI banagayA para vaha dUrase hI usake saundaryase apane netra saphala karanA cAhatA thaa| striyoMke prati jo usake kaTubhAva the, unako use kAminIkI rUpa-rAzi bhI dUra na kara sakI thii| kiMtu itanA hote huye bhI sAgaradattake bandhujanoMne usakA vAgdAna saMskAra usa kanyAratnase kara diyA ! saMbhava thA ki isa sambandhase sAgaradattakA manobhAva badala jAtA; para aisA na huA aura isa bAtakA patA usa kanyAko bhI calagayA ! vaha bar3I hI kheditamanA ho gaI; para nirAza na huii| usane eka zloka likha kara sAgaradattake pAsa bheja diyaa| jisameM usane likhA thA ki 'he buddhimAna puruSaratna! Apa isa mahilAkA anAdara kyoM karate haiM, jo sarvathA ApakI ananugAminI banI huI haiM ? pUrNimA caMdrako apane Apa camakA detI hai, vaise hI bijalI samudrako aura strI gRhasthako prakAzamAna banA detI hai / ' sAgarane isa zlokako par3ha DAlA aura yaha bhI usake hRdayako palaTane meM asaphala huA !- usane isake uttarameM uparokta zloka likha bhejA, nipakA bhAva thA ki 'eka nadIke samAna strI svabhAvase hI capala aura nIcagAminI hai| jisa samaya baha bandhacakI apekSA nahIM karatI hai to donoM pakSoMkA nAza karatI hai| basa vaha jar3a buddhi hai|' sAgaradattake isa uttarako pAkara vaha catura vaNikasutA jAna gaI ki jarUra kisI strIke asadavyavahArane inake hRdayako dUSita kara rakkhA hai / isaliye hatAza honekI koI bAta nahIM hai / bAta bhI vAstavameM yUM hI thI / sAgaradatta apane pUrvabhavameM eka vipra thA aura isakI strIne ise viSa dekara mAranekA prayatna kiyA thaa| yahI.

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sAgaradatta aura bandhudatta zreSTi / [ 335 duHkhadAyI vyavahAra usake hRdayase isa bhavameM bhI nahIM utarA thA / - isIlie vaha strI mAtra se dveSa karatA thA / kintu zAyada pAThaka yahA~ para vaNika kanyAkA usake sAtha isataraha patravyavahAra karanA anucita samajheM ! Ajakala jarUra nanhIM umarameM vaNikoMkI kanyAoMke vAgdAna saMskAra aura vivAha lagna ho jAte haiM aura vara-vadhUko eka dUsareke svabhAvakA bhI paricaya nahIM ho pAtA hai / isI kAraNa Aja dAmpatyasukhakA prAyaH hara gharameM abhAva hai aura Adarza dampati milanA muzkila horahA hai / kintu usa jamAne meM yaha bAta nahIM thI / taba pUrNa yuvA aura yuvatiyoMke vivAha hote the aura paradA unake paraspara paricaya pAnemeM bAdhaka nahIM thA / isI kAraNa ukta vaNika sutAne vinA kisI saMkocake sAgaradattako premapatra likhA thA / jaba usakA vaha patra bhI icchita phalako na de sakA, to usane eka aura patra likhA, isameM usane kahA ki sacamuca yaha to bar3A hI anyAya hai ki kevala eka strIke doSako lekara sArI hI strI jAtiko doSI ThaharA diyA jAya / kyA zuklapakSake pUrNa- mAkI rAtri se isIlie ghRNA karanA ThIka hai ki usake pahale kRSNa pakSa meM usakI bahina bilkula aMdherI hotI hai ?' sAgaradatta isa sAragarbhita uttarako pAkara avAk raha gayA ! rUpa-saundarya avazya hI usake manako palaTane meM asaphala rahA thA, parantu jJAnamaI viveka - vacana apanA kArya kara gaye / sAgaradatta usa vaNika - kanyAkI buddhimattAke kAyala hogaye / unako apanI galatI najara par3a gii| unhoMne jAna liyA ki sacamuca sArI strIjAtiko dUSita ThaharAnA anyAya hai / isa jAtiko hI yaha saubhAgya prApta

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336 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | hai ki vaha trilokabaMdanIya tIrthaMkara bhagavAnako janma dekara jagatakA kalyANa karatI haiN| isalie strI mAtra se ghRNA karanA buddhimattA nahIM hai / vaha hamAre AdarakI pAtra haiM / unakI avahelanA karanA, striyoMko pairoMse ThukarAnA apanA apamAna karanA hai / basa jaba sAgaradattakA hRdaya isa taraha palaTa gayA, to sAnaMda donoM yuvaka yuvatIkA zubha lagna meM vivAha hogayA / vaha sukhapUrvaka gRhastha jIvana vyatIta karane lage ! una dinoM bhAratIya vyApAra AjakalakI taraha heya avasthAmeM nahIM thA | tabake vyApArI bhI kore dalAla nahIM the / sutarAM ve deza videza ghUmakara apane dezake vyApArako unnata banAte the aura yahAMkI Arthika dazA phalatI-phUlatI dekhate the| taba yaha bAta bhI na thI ki rAjanItike nAmase vividha dezoM meM vyApArika pratisTaddhA calatI ho aura mAyAvI cAloMse nirbala athavA parAdhIna jAtiyoM ke jIvana saMkaTApanna banAye jAte hoN| sAtha hI usa samayake vyApArameM yaha bhI vizeSatA thI ki usa samayake vyApArI svayaM hI deza videza meM jAyA karate the / videzoM meM jAnA taba pApa nahIM samajhA jAtA thA aura na dhanika vyApArI svayaM parizrama karanA apanI zAna ke khilApha samajhate the / isI anurUpa sAgaradattane bhI vyApArake liye videza jAnekI ThaharAI ! vaha sAtavAra videza gayA, paraMtu sAtoM hI daphe usake jahAja samudrameM naSTa hogaye / lAbhAntarAya karma usake mArgameM aisA Ar3A ArahA thA ki use bAra 2 prayatna karane para bhI lAbha nahIM hotA thA, kintu kisIke sarvadA ekase hI dina nahIM rahate haiN| AThavIM bAra use apane vyApAra meM khUba hI naphA

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sAgaradatta aura bandhudatta zreSTi / [ 337. huA - usake parizramakA phala mila gayA ! vaha harSakA phUlA ghara lauTA aura devAlaya nirmita karanemeM usa dhanakA eka bhAga kharca karanA usane ThAna liyaa| logoM ke kahane se vaha puMr3adezameM sthita bhagavAn pArzvanAthake samavazaraNa meM darzana karane gayA aura vahAM apane manobhAvako prakaTa kiyA ! kahate haiM ki bhagavAnakA parAmarza pAkara usane devAlaya meM zrI arhat bhagavAnkI bimba bar3e samArohase sthApita kI aura vaha AnaMdase dharmArAdhanameM kAlakSepa karane lagA ! vAstava meM usakA yaha kArya eka Adarza kArya thA / " apane vyApAra se jo lAbha uThAo usameM se eka bhAgako samayakI AvazyaktAnusAra mahApuruSoM kI sammati lekara dharmArtha kharca do" mAno isa saMdezako hI vaha Ajake vyApAriyoMke liye vyakta kara rahA thA ! isI samaya sAgaradattake pariNAmoMkI dazA sudhara calI thI aura usane bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke nikaTase vrata grahaNa karane kI ThAna lI thI kintu hatbhAgyavazAt use vidita huA ki bhagavAn kA vihAra anyatra hogayA ! vaha dila masosa kara raha gayA ! phira usakA kyA huA yaha vidita nahIM hai ! bhagavAn pArzvanAthajI vahAMse vihAra karate huye nAgapurImeM pahuMce the| usasamaya nAgapurImeM dhanapati seThake bandhudatta nAmaka putra bar3A hI suzIla thA ! bandhudattakA vivAha vasunanda seThakI putrI candralekhAse huA thA; parantu ThIka usa avasara para jaba kaMkaNa badhUke karameM bAMdhA jA rahA thA, eka sarpane use Dasa liyA / raMgameM bhaMga ho gaI - AnandameM krandanAda hone lagA ! saMsArakI kSaNika dazAkA pratyakSa citra hI khiMca gayA ! so bhI eka daphe hI nahIM,

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338] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / balki ThIka chai daphe yahI ghaTanA ghaTita huI ! loga bandhudattako "viSahasta' kahane lage aura koI bhI usake sAtha apanI kanyAkA vivAha karaneko rAnI na hotA thA / bandhudattako bhI apane bhAgyapara roSa A rahA thA ! buddhimAn pitAne isa samaya use siMhaladvIpako vyApArake liye bheja diyA ! bandhudattane vahAM khUba dhana kamAyA, parantu lauTate samaya abhAgyase usakA jahAna naSTa ho gayA aura vaha eka takhtAkA sahArA pAkara eka sampattizAlI dvIpake kinAre jA lgaa| vahAMpara eka maNimaI parvata thA / bandhudatta usakI zivirapara jA pahuMcA aura vahAM bhagavAn neminAthajIke bhavya maMdirake darzana kiye evaM vahAM usane zrAvakake vratoM ko grahaNa kiyA ! usake isa sarala bhAvako dekhakara citrAMgada nAmaka samyaktvI vidyAdhara bahuta hI prasanna huA / usane isakA vivAha karavA denekI vyavasthA karado ! kinhIM vidyAdharoMke sAtha baMdhudattako usane kauzAmbI bhijavA diyaa| vahAM vaha bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke maMdirameM darzana kararahA thA ki vahAMke jinadatta seThane inako dekha liyA aura inake sAtha apanI priyadarzanA nAmakI kanyAkA vivAha kara diyA ! bandhudatta khuzI2 yahAM rahane lagA, kintu Akhira usane apane ghara jAnekI ThaharAI / __bandhudatta garbhabhArase jhukI huI apanI priyAko lekara nAgapurIko jArahA thA ki mArgame bhIloMne ise lUTa liyA aura ve priyadarzanAko bhI isase chIna le gaye / ina bhIloMkA svAmI candrasena * yaha jIko nahIM lagatA ki bhagavAnke sAkSAt vidyamAna rahate hue unake bimba banagaye hoN| isa apekSA ina ghaTanAoMkA spaSTa ghaTita huA samajhanA jarA kaThina hai|

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sAgaradatta aura bandhudatta zreSTa | [ 339 thA, usane jaba priyadarzanAko jinadattakI putrI jAnA to vaha bar3e asamaMjasa meM par3a gyaa| jinadattane usakA bar3A upakAra kiyA thA ! -isaliye priyadarzanAko upane bar3I hoziyArI se rakkhA, aura baMdhudattako DhUMDhane ke liye AdamI daur3A diye ! parantu bandhudattakA patA na calA / - isI antarAla meM priyadarzanAko vahIM eka putraratnakI prApti huI ! idhara baMdhudatta apanI priyA ke viraha meM vyAkula huA vizAlAko jA rahA thA / vahAM usake cAcA the; kiMtu mArga meM sunA ki usake cAcA kuTumbako vahAM rAjAne kisI aparAdhake liye bandhI gRha meM DAla diyA hai / bandhudattake sirapara AphatakA pahAr3a hI TUTa par3A / use usasamaya apane kRtakarmoM ke phala pAnekA rahasya samajhameM AyA ! vaha duHkhitahRdaya hokara vahAMse nAgapurIkI ora cala diyA, kiMtu mArga meM use usake cAcA mile aura sAtha hI azaraphiyoMse bharA eka sandUka milA ! isI samaya vahAMke kotavAlane inako rAjyakI - corI karane kI AzaGkA se bandIgRha meM DAla diyA ! kiMtu baMdIgRhameM pahu~cane ke sAtha hI usake bhAgyane palaTA khAyA ! rAjAkI corIkA 'patA cala gayA | asalI cora pakar3A gayA, bandhudatta aura usakA cAcA chor3a diye gaye, ve chuTakArA pAkara apanI rAha lage / mArga meM candrasenake AdamiyoMne inheM pakar3a liyaa| eka Aphatase chUTe to dUparImeM phaMsa gaye, parantu isameM unakI bhalAI hI thii| unakA zubhodaya thA jo bhIla unako pakar3akara candrasena ke pAsa -le cale | vahAM bandhusenakA apanI priyA aura putrase samAgama huA, AnandapUrvaka vahAMse vidA hokara apane ghara pahuMce ! sabane baMdhudattakA bar3A sammAna kiyA aura bahuteroMne unakI AtmakahAnI 1

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v 340] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / sunakara jainadharmameM zraddhAna kiyA ! idhara jaba bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIke samavazaraNake nAgapurI pahuMcanekA samAcAra bandhudattako mAlUma huye, to vaha bar3e modabhAvase bhagavAn kI vandanA karaneko gayA / vandanA karake usane bhagavAn se apane pUrvabhava sune aura vaha atyanta harSita huA / uparAnta usane bhagavAnke dharmopadezako sunA aura unase paMcavratoMko gRhaNa kiyaa| bhagavAna ke mukhase yaha sunakara ki vaha aura usakI patnI dUsare bhavase mokSalAbha kareMge, use bar3A hI saMtoSa huA! vaha bhagavAnko namaskAra karake ghara lauTa AyA aura dharmamaya jIvana vyatIta karake sahasrAra svargameM jAkara deva huA ! jainadharmakI kRpAse use svargasukhoMkI prApti huI ! satdharma sadA hI sukhadAI hotA hai ! isaprakAra bhagavAnke samayake do seTha-putroMke darzana karake hama zeSameM unake tIrthake katipaya anya mukhya vyaktiyoMkA digdarzana kareMge aura phira bhagavAnkA mokSakalyANakakA divya varNana dekhakara unakA bhagavAn mahAvIrajIse jo sambandha thA, usako prakaTa kareMge / mahArAjA karakRNDa "tahiM desiravaNNaI dhaNakaraNa puNNaI, achiNayari sumaNohariya! jaNa NayaNa piyArI mahiyalasArI, caMpANAmai gunnbhaariy||3||" xx 'tahiM ari vidAraNu bhayataru vAraNu dhADIvAhaNu pahu huyuN|" -muni kaNayAmara ! rAjA dantivAhana usa bhuvanamohinI yuvatIkI ora ekaTaka nihArate hI raha gaye / vaha usakI atularUpa rAzipara vimugdha ho

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mahArAjA krknnddu| [341 gye| unakI samajhameM na AyA ki vaha manuSya hai athavA yakSa hai yA apsarA hai / tisapara yaha jAnakara vaha aura bhI acaMbhemeM par3a gaye ki jisa sundarIne unake manako moha liyA hai, vaha usa kusumapura nagarake kusumadatta mAlIkI kanyA hai / aise sAdhAraNa manuSyake gharameM isa zubha lakSaNoMvAlI, bar3I 2 rAjakumAriyoMke rUpako cinautI denevAlI kanyAkA janma lenA unakI samajhameM na AyA ! jaMgalI phUloMke bIca gulAbakA pAlenA eka ajIba hI bAta thii| vaha saMzayameM par3a gaye, rAnAjJA honekI dera thI ki kusumadatta vahAMpara mA upasthita huA / rAjA daMtivAhanane usase pUchA ki tere yahAM yaha kanyA kahAMse AI ? jo satya bAta hai usako kaha de, isImeM terI bhalAI hai ! becArA garIba mAlI avAka rahagayA ! vaha mana hI mana socane lagA ki yaha Aphata kahAMse AgaI ? isa kanyAko maiMne nAhaka hI pAlA / na jAne isane rAjAkI kyA avajJA kI hai jo ve mujhapara kupita haiM ? aba to saba bAta jyoMkI tyoM kaha denemeM hI bhalAI hai / yaha socakara vaha bolA ki mahArAnakI duhAI : yaha kanyA merI nahIM hai / gaMgAnadImeM bahatA huA eka sandUka mujhe. kaI varSa hue taba milA thaa| usameM yaha kanyA navajAta dazAmeM banda thI / mahArAjake vizvAsa hetu maiM vaha sandUka abhI liye AtA hUM yaha kahakara mAlI vahAM sandUka le AyA / rAjAne usa sandUkako dekhA / usameM use eka mudrA ( mohara ) dikhAI par3I, jisase usane jAna liyA ki vaha rAjavaMzakI putrI hai| yaha dekhakara usake harSakA pArAvAra na rahA / vasa phira derI kAhekI thI ? rAjA dantivAhanane zubha lagnameM bar3e hI Anandase usa sundara padmAvatI nAmakI.

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342] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / - rAja-kanyAkA komala kara vivAha-vedI para grahaNa kara liyA / thor3e hI dinoMmeM ina navadampatimeM gAr3ha prema hogayA ! padmAvatI rAjA dantivAhanakI bar3I priya rAnI bana gaI ! rAnA dantivAhana aMgadezameM campAnagarake rAnA the| usa samayake rAjAoMmeM yaha bhI mukhya the / vAstavameM padmAvatI bhI rAjakanyA thI aura vaha kausAMbIke rAjA vasupAlakI putrI thii| ('karasaMvie rAyaho pasariya chAya ho, vasupAlahu paumAvai duhiyAiyA maNivirAe' ) yaha rAjadampati AnaMdapUrvaka kAlakSepa kara rahe the ki rAnavaMzako AlhAdake kAraNa yaha samAcAra sunAI diye ki rAnI padmAvatIke zubha garbha hai / rAnIke yaha dina bar3I khuzIse kaTane lage / use nisa bAtakI AkAMkSA hotI usakI pUrti kara dI jAtI thii| hara taraha use harSamanA rakhane kA prabaMdha thaa| mAtA aura paristhitikA prabhAva garbhastha bAlakapara bhI par3atA hai, isa bAtakA pUrA dhyAna rAnI padmAvatIke viSayameM rakkhA jAtA thA / isa dazAmeM garbhastha bAlakakA prabhAva bhI mAtAkI cAlaDhAlameM pragaTa hone lagatA hai / mAtAkI bhAvanAoMse hI usakA paricaya mila jAtA hai / rAnI padmAvatIke hRdayameM bhI aTapaTI bhAvanA uTha khar3I huI / vaha asAdhAraNa thI, jo garbhastha bAlakake asAdhAraNa prabhutvako pragaTa kara rahI thI, usakI icchA huI ki kuRtumeM hI meghamaNDalase AcchAdita AkAzake hote huye rAnAke sAtha hAthIpara baiThakara vanavihAra karanA cAhiye / rAjA dantivAhana isa samaya apanI priyAkI pratyeka icchAko pUrI karanemeM tatpara the| unheM isa bAtako pUrI karanemeM bhI dera na lgii| unhoMne apane vidyAdhara mitrakI sahAyatAse mAyAmaI

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mahArAjA krknnddu| mevoMko bhI siraja liyA / usa z2amAnemeM bhI padArtha vijJAna itanA unnata avazya hI thA ki AnakalakI taraha kRtrima bAdala taba bhI vidyAke balase banAye jA sakte the| meghoMke Ate hI rAjAne narmadAtilaka nAmaka hAthIko sajavAyA aura usapara rAnIko baiThAkara vaha vanavihArake liye cala diyaa| vAtoM hI bAtoM vaha bahuta dUra nikala Aye aura itanemeM hI haThAt hAthI bhI bijaka gayA / vaha rAnArAnIko le bhAgA / kisI taraha bhI usane aMkuzako na mAnA / yahI bAta muni kaNayAmara kahate haiM:-- "so kuMjaruhau~ cittipahihAM bhaggauM jAi kiliNjrho| tAjaNava u dhAviu kahevaNa pAviu vADigau soNiyapura ho||12 duSTa hAthI vetahAzA bhAgatA hI calA gyaa| usane eka gahana vanameM praveza kiyA / rAnAne isa samaya yahI ucita samajhA ki yadi maiM isase baca sakU to kisI na kisI taraha ise pakar3avA lUMgA / isI bhAvako dRr3ha karake vaha eka vRkSakI zAkhA pakar3akara laTaka gaye / hAthI unako chor3akara bhAgatA hI calA gyaa| bicArI padmAvatI rAnI usapara akelI baiThI raha gaI ! usake bhAgyameM azubha karmakI rekhAyeM khiMca rahIM thIM aura vaha isa samaya purNa phalavatI thii| bicArIko anAyAsa hI pativiyogakA kaSTa sahana karanA par3A / kahAM to prasannacitta hokara vanavihAra karane nikalI thI aura kahAM yaha viraha-dAha utpanna hogayA! usake vivekane use DhADhasa bNdhaayaa| dhIraja bAMdhe vaha apane bhavitavyakI bATa johane lgii| hAthI bhAgatA huA bar3hatA hI gayA / rAjA jabataka lauTakara caMpApura pahuMce hI pahuMce ki tabataka vaha kosauM dUra calA gyaa| patA lagAnA bhI muzkila

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344] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / . ho gyaa| hAthI roSameM bharA huA jAkara eka tAlAbameM ghuma par3A aura yahI mAlUma huA ki rAnI padmAvatIko vaha pAnImeM Dubo hI degA; kintu yahAM ThIka maukepara rAnIkA puNya sahAyaka hogyaa| vanadevIne prakaTa hokara rAnIko usa tAlAbake nikaTavAle suramya upavanake eka vRkSake tale baiThA diyA ! yaha upavana daMtipura nagarake nikaTa thA, yaha bhI 'karakaMDucariya' meM likhA hai; yathAH"tA dihau UvavaNu kharukhku / mayarahiyauNI rasuNAyamukhu // tahiM rukaho tale vIsamai jaam| NaMdaNuvaNu phulliu phaliu taam|| tA daMtIpuri keNavivicitta / bhaDa mAlihi aggaha kahiya vtt|| xx x teM taru talita tali dihIdivyavAlANavaNasirisohaI gunnvmaal|| puNu ciMtai Nau sAmaNNa eha / ruveNa auchI divbadeha // " inase yaha bhI prakaTa hotA hai ki upta upavana meM baiThI huI padmAvatIko vahAMke bhaTa nAmaka mAlIne dekhA thaa| vaha usako dekhakara AzcaryameM par3a gayA thA / rAnIkI divya dehako dekhate huye vaha sahasA yahI na nizcaya kara sakA ki vaha yakSI hai athavA koI rAjaputrI hai / Akhira vaha mAlI usake nikaTa Akara saba hAla pUchane lagA aura saba hAla sunakara usane rAnIko sAntavanA dii| uparAMta vaha rAnIko apane ghara livA legayA / usane duHkhIjanoMko Azraya denA apanA kartavya samajhA aura usane rAnIko bar3I hoMziyArIse apane yahAM rahane diyA ! usakA yaha suvarNa kRtya bhAratIya -sabhyatAke AdarzakA eka namUnA thA / duHkhI aura abalA janakI sahAyatA karanA sacamuca eka khAsa dharma hai; kintu Ajake bhAratameM

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mahArAjA krknnddu| [345 yaha maryAdA prAyaH uThasI gaI hai| yahI kAraNa hai ki Aye dina abalA striyoM aura garIboMpara atyAcAra honeke samAcAra sunAI dete haiN| yaha bhAratIya maryAdAko kalaMkita karanekA prayAsa hai, jo sarvathA tyananIya hai / bhaTa mAlIkA anukaraNIya udAharaNa isa ora samucita kartavya nirdiSTa kara rahA hai| rAnI padmAvatI isa mAlIke yahAM raha to rahI thI; parantu isa bhale mAnasakI mAradattA nAmakI strI bar3I hI krUrA aura duSTA thI / vaha padmAvatIko caina nahIM lene detI thI / eka roja usakI bana AI / mAlI to dUra bAhiragAMva gayA thA / gharapara vahI akelI thii| usane caTase rAnIko bAhara kara diyaa| vaha apane duSTa svabhAvase lAcAra thii| use rAnIkI dayanIya dazApara jarA bhI dayA nahIM AI ! lAcAra hokara rAnI padmAvatI rotI huI nagarake bAhira smazAna bhUmitaka pahuMcI thI ki vahIM use prasavavedanAne aadheraa| usI smazAnameM usane putra prasava kiyaa| - dekho karmokI vicitra gati ! rAnamahaloMmeM phUloMkI senapara sonevAlI rAnI padmAvatI akele hI nirjana smazAnameM putra prasava karatI hai| usake nikaTa eka mAmUlI paricArikA bhI nahIM hai / hai to kevala bhArata-vasundharAkA snehamaI aMcala hai / usIke sahAre vaha vahAM bhI sAnanda putra prasava kara sakI! putrotpanna hogayA-rAnIke viSAdameM harSake bAdala umar3a aaye| aura vaha phaladAtA bhI huye| navajAta zizukA sitArA camaka gayA ! usa smazAnabhUmikA mAtaMga . bar3I vinayabhAvase rAnIke nikaTa Akara kahane lagA ki 'mAtA' AjJA kIjiye-Apa merI svAminI haiN|' padmAvatI rAnIne yaha

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346 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | anokhI bAta sunakara usase pUchA - "tuma kauna ho, jo mujha duHkhinako apanI svAminI kahate ho ? bhAI, maiM to tumheM nahIM jAnatI hUM / " vaha mAtaMga bolA- " vidyutprabha nagara ke rAjA vidyutprabha aura rAnI vidyullekhAkA maiM bAladeva putra hUM / eka dina maiM apanI strI kanakamAla ke sAtha dakSiNakI ora krIr3A karaneko jArahA thA / mArga meM kaliMgadezake uparAMta zrI vidhyazailakI rAmagiri ziSirapara zrI vIra nAmaka munirAja virAjamAna the / ( 'hauMtAe samau dari disihaM ramamANu gayaNuya legaDaM, aMdhakaliMga ho aMtariNa, bijhaya selu aggaha ThiyauM // 2 // ) isaliye merA vimAna unake Upara se nahIM jAsakA / ( muNIsaru diTThaU tahoNAU callaha divva vimANu) mujhe bar3A bhArI kroSa utpanna huA kyoMki maiMne samajha liyA ki inhoMne hI mere vimAnako rokA hai / ataeva vIra muniko maiMne upasarga karanA prAraMbha kiyaa| (vikiu uvasaggu tAsu ) parantu unake puNyaprabhAva se merI saba vidyA naSTa hogaI / maiM bhauMcakkA se raha gayA | mujhe ceta huA / maiMne aneka prakArase una munivarakI stuti kI aura uparAMta unase vidyA siddha honekA nimitta pUMchA / unhoMne kahA ki caMpApurake rAjA dantivAhanakI padmAvatI rAnIko duSTa hAthI le bhAgA thA, so vaha daMtIpurameM mAlIke yahAM rahatI haiM / kintu mAlina unako apane ghara se nikAla degI aura vaha bhImamasAnameM putra prasava karegI / usa bAlakakI tU jaba rakSA karegA aura 1 - puNyAzrava kathAkoSa pR0 20 isa graMtha meM agAr3I padmAvatIkA sahAyaka honA aura hastinApurakA smazAna batAyA gayA hai, jo isase prAcIna muni kaNayAmara viracita 'karakaMDu mahArAya cariya se bAdhita hai /

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mahArAjA karakaNDu | [ 347 vaha rAjyAdhikArI hojAvegA taba usake rAjya meM hI tujhe vidyA siddha hoNgii|' so he svAmin ! isa mAtaMgabheSa meM maiM vahI vidyAdhara putra bAladeva hUM | ( mAyaMgaho ruveM kheyaraiM ) usa dina se mAtaMgake veSameM isa smazAna kI dekharekha rakhatA huA yahIM rahatA hUM / " bAladevakI yaha Azcarya bharI vArtA sunakara rAnI padmAvatIko saMtoSa huA / usane dhIraja gharake apane navajAta zizuko use de diyA / aura usase kahA- 'to isa bAlakakA lAlanapAlana tU hIM kara / ' bAladevane bhI snehapUrvaka vaha bAlaka le liyA aura ghara leM jAkara apanI patnIko sauMpa diyA ! usane bhI bar3e premase use apane vakSasthalase lagA liyA / bAlakake hAthoMmeM khujalI thI; isa kAraNa usakA nAma unane kagkaMDu rakha diyA / (taho paurakaMDu derake ve karI, karakaMDuNAmu kiu payaDudhAra ) 1 - terUsivi puNu maho daSNu evau / NahubhagAla sahi vijjAu // te sAve vijjau gau khaNeNa / mai ciMtiurvAhaNieM niyamaNeNa // ehu muNivaru u sAmaNu hoi / taM hoi khaNadvejaM bhaNei // ima maNi vicalahiM laggu tAsu / kiM munivara maho kiuvijjaNAsu // kiMkaru tumheM he deva deva / jammeviNa chaMDau tujha setra // kohANatu sAmahi sAmisAla | mApasarau taNu vaNeM sayaNa kAla // to vayaNe uvasamu gau muNiMdu / matANa pahAveNa phaNiMdu // ( isase to svayaM munivarakA kupita honA pragaTa hai ? ) dhattA-so muNivaru jANivi tu maNu, kamakamala evi piNu paNi ca | he muNivaru karuNaI kahahiM maho, kaha hosai vijjauramaNiyau // 4 // taM suNivi muNIsaru paramaNANi, maho saMmmuhuM volai divya vANi / he kheyara caMpArAhi vAsu, sirI dhADI vAhana baMdhurAsu // pomAvai tahIM bhAmaNi gaeNa, NevenI duTThe kari viteNa / pAMve vIsA puNu mAlieNa, daMtIpure vI turiya eNa // taho dhariNie kalahuM kareti sAvi, NIsAriya avisai ihAvi / tahoNaMdaNu hosaI pavaraveu, pAlesahi so tuhuM guNaNikeDaM // 10

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348 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | duHkhinI rAnI isataraha apane putrako svarakSita sthAnameM chor3akara pAsa eka zramaNoMke nagarameM calI gaI aura vahAM eka ArthikA Azraya meM rahane lagI / ' eka dina usake sAtha jAkara usane samApta munirAja ke nikaTa ( NAmeNa samAhiguttaparu ) dIkSAkI yAcanA kI / kintu munirAjane use usa samaya dIkSita nahIM kiyA aura kahA ki 'pUrvabhavameM tUne tInavAra apane vrata bhaMga kiye haiM, unake phalarUpa tIna duHkha tujhapara AnevAle haiM / so unakA upazabha ho cukane para tathA putra rAjyakA sukha dekhakara usIke sAtha tU bhI tapa dhAraNa karegI / ' yaha sunake padmAvatI usI sAdhvI ke sAtha rahane lagI / idhara karakaMDu bAladevake yahAM dinoMdina bar3hane lagA / ucita kAlameM bAladeva vidyAdharane use dhIre 2 saMpUrNa kalAoM meM catura banA diyA ! isaprakAra karakaMDu Adi usa bhIma smazAnameM sukha se samaya vyatIta karane lage / eka dina zrI jayabhadra aura vIrabhadra nAmake do munirAja usa - smazAna meM Akara virAjamAna hogaye / (te bhIma mamANayaM Aya jAna ) usasamaya eka mudake netroMmeMse tIna vAMsa ugate huye dikhalAI diye / isapara kisI sAdhune una AcArya mahArAjase jijJAsAkI ki 'bhagavAna' yaha kyA kautuka hai ? AcAryane kahA - 'isameM Azraye kucha nahIM hai, ima nagarakA jo koI rAjA hogA, ina tIna vAMsoM se usake aMkuza chatra aura dhvajAke daMDa banAye jAyage / usasamaya yaha bAta - tAdukhIya maNi pomAvai, samaNiyara ho gayara ho, khaNi gayAi, samaNirayA ajjiyakaM tiyA haiM, achaMtiyaja malaItAva tarhi / - puNvAzravameM gAMdhArI brahmacAriNI Azraya meM rahate batAyA hai / pR0 21.

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mahArAjA karakaNDu / [349 brAhmaNane suna lI, so vaha una vAMsoMko usI samaya kATa legayA aura pIche kisIprakAra karakaMDune usase unheM le liyaa|" una bAMsoMko karakaMDune kyA liyA, sacamuca vahAMkA rAjya hI unake hAthoMmeM AgayA ! kucha dinoMmeM vahAMkA rAjA kAlake gAlameM jA phaMsA ! vaha putrahIna thA-usakA koI uttarAdhikArI nahIM thaa| nagarabhara hAhAkAra karane lagA thaa| (sunAmuhAhArauTThiu puravarammi, 'aidukhu pavihiMunaNavayammi) isasamaya eka rAjAkI khonameM pATavaDa hAthI chor3A gayA thA / vaha hAthI karakaMDuko hI apanI pIThapara baiThAkara nagarameM le AyA thA / (Nijhara jharaMtamaya gillAMDe karakaMDu car3iu tAkari payaMDe / kavilIlA maNaharaM paha vaheiM-NaM mukhai aharAvaI saheI) nagaravAsiyoMne isapara karakaMDuko apane nagarakA rAjA banA liyA aura khuba Annada manAyA thaa| ___karakaMDurAnA hogaye -unako vaibhavakI prApti huI ! unhIke sAtha bAladevakI bhI vidyA siddha hogaI / mahApuruSoM kA satsaMna sadA sukhadAI hotA hai / vaha vidyAdhara prasannatApUrvaka karakaMDu ko namaskAra karake apane nivAsasthAna vijayAIko calA gyaa| idhara karakaMDu Anandase rAjya karane lge| 1-puNyAzrava kathAkoSa pR021-2212-muni kaNayAmara viracita karakaMDu carita'meM yahAMpara kanaujake eka rAkSasakA AkhyAna aura diyA hai, jisane karakaMDukI sevA svIkAra kI thii| tathApi banArasake eka vaNikakA bhI ullekha hai; yathA:"vANamarasiNayara ho mittavevi, desattarugaya ANANatevi / dhaNu ajivi Avahi balivijAma, tA aMtari rakkhasu riThThatAma / so parikavite bhayabhIvaNaTaTha. pAviTTha jematava caraNa bhaha / Nau muNahiM kiM himavae avANa, te pAvieteNa palAyamANa / vaNArasi Nayari maNAMhirAsu, ariviMdu NarAhiu~ atthi NAmu"

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350 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | eka roz2a kisI vaNikane Akara inase kahA ki 'mahArAja, soraThadeza meM girinagarake rAjA arisirake bar3I hI rUpavatI madanAvatI nAmakI kanyA hai / vaha sarvathA Apake yogya hai / ' karakaMDu isa samAcArako sunakara girinagara pahuMce ! saubhAgyase svayaM madanAvatIne inako dekha liyA aura vaha inako dekhate hI kAmabANase vyathita hogii|" yaha jAnakara usake pitAne karakaMDuko bar3e Adarase apane yahAM ThaharAyA aura zubhalagna meM madanAvatIkA vivAha karakaMDuse karA diyA / ( suvisuddha dihiM raMjie maNAhaM, sAmaMtahiM kiyau vivAhu tAhA) nisa samaya vivAhakA maMgalIka utsava horahA thA, ThIka usI samaya rAnI padmAvatI bhI vahAM pahuMca gii| unane harSita hokara karakaMDuko AzISa dii| vivAha uparAnta rAjadampati daMtipura lauTa aaye| denapura meM bhI khUba utsava manAyA gayA / yAcaka janoM ko dAna diyA gayA aura zrI jinamaMdira meM pUjanabhajana kiye gaye ! phira rAjA karakaDu AnandapUrvaka madanAvatI ke sAtha kAlayApana karane lage kintu isake kucha dinoM bAda hI caMpAse rAjA daMtivAhanakA dUta bUre samAcAra lekara aayaa| usane kahA ki yAto karakaMDu mahArAja rAjA 1 - " etthathideva soraTTha desu, suralou viDaMviu jeM asesu / tahiM pAyaru niraNayaru NAmu surakheyara Nara NayaNAhirAmu / tahiM rAu asthi arisiMra kayaMtu, ajava muNau ajiyaMgi kaMtu / " 2- karakaMDu geya AyaNaNeNa, mAvali pIDiya kAmaeNa | AyaNa vivAlehi taNipavatta, rAeNalihAviya hariNaNeta / " - " tahiM avasari pomAvara vimAya, NiyaNaMdaNu dekhahuM turiya Aya | sAdiTThI kara kaMDeNiveNa, puNu paNamiya bhAveNa vaNNaveNa / NiyaputtavivAheM harisiyAM AsIsayadaNIturiu tAI / ciru jIvahi NaMdaNu puhaiNAha, kAlindI surasarijA vavAha / " ( AsIsa devisAgaya turaMti ) / 6- caMpA hivaduvaDa ANi etthu / "

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mahArAjA karakaNDu / [ 351 tivAhanakI AjJA svIkAra kareM, varana raNakSetra meM AjAveM ! karakaMDu kSatriyaputra the | unane raNakSetrameM AnA hI svIkAra kiyA, dUta lauTa - gayA | caMpAnareza usake mukhase karakaMDukA uttara sunakara AgababUlA hogae / unhoMne raNabherI bajavA dI aura kUcakA bigula phUMka diyA gayA / niyata samaya meM caMpAnareza dalabala sahita daMtipura ke nikaTa ApahuMce / ' karakaMDu bhI senA sahita mukAbilA karaneko taiyAra the / donoM daloMkI muThabher3a honevAlI thI / raNakSetrameM yoddhA hUMkArane hI - lage the ki itane meM rAnI padmAvatI vahAM ApahuMcI / unhoMne pitAputrakA Apasa meM paricaya karA diyA aura isataraha khUna kI nadiyAM bar3hate bahate baca gaI, raNacaMDikAkA khappara na bharane pAyA, kintu AnandadevIkI bahubhAMti arcanA hone lagI ! rAjA dantivAhana apanI priyA aura putrako pAkara bar3e prasanna huye aura bar3e Adara se unako caMpAnagara livAle gaye / vahAM pahuMcakara kAlAntara meM rAjA dantivAhanane rAjapATakA bhAra karakaMduke hAthameM chor3a diyA aura Apa digaMbara muni hogaye, duddhara tapazcaraNa tapakara antameM ziva ramaNIke galahAra banagaye / idhara karakaMDu nItipUrvaka rAjya karane lge| 1 - " iyekhivi Niu karakaMDu NAmu / gajajaNaNa Nayaru guNagaNiya dhAmu // ghattA - je saMgari suivara kheyaraha, bhaujaNiyauM ghaNuharama asarahiM, te vediu paTTaNa caudisahi, gaya turayaNa gariMdahi duddharahiM // 12 // " puNyAzrava meM karakaMDukA caMpAkI ora bar3hanA likhA hai / 2 - ' tA duddhararAyahaM jo dharadu, karakaMDo vau rAya paTTu / puNu appaNu rAya tarakaNeNa, taNumaMDiu tavasiribhUsaNeNa / kammala gaMDhi NiuvaNa sAru, taucari visududdharu kAmamAru / taNu chaMDe vikhaMDivihimayagaMDa, so laggau sivavahutaNae kaMThu / ghattA - gau dhAr3IvAhaNa, siyaNilau, kaNayAmara vaNNauM guNahaM dharu | karakaMDu karata rajju puri, so acchaiM maNiNihiyayahakaru // 22 // 22

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352 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / / eka samaya maMtriyoMne karakaMDuse kahA ki-'he deva, drAvir3a, ceram, cola, pAMDya Adi dezake rAjA ApakA zAsana nahIM svIkAra karate haiM; yadyapi anyathA ApakA zAsana niSkaNTaka digantavyApI horahA hai / isaliye he prabhu, unako jItanA cAhiye / '' karakaMDuke manameM bhI yaha salAha car3ha gaI aura usane senA susajjita karAkara dakSiNa bhAratakI ora payAna kara diyA ! kucha dinoMmeM yaha loga terapura nAmaka nagarameM pahuMca gaye / karakaMDu vahIM DerA DAlakara Thahara gyaa| dUsare roja inhoMne eka pratIhArase pUchA ki vahAM koI ramaNIka dekhaneyogya sthAna bhI hai / usane bar3e harSase vahIM pAsameM pazcimakI aura eka darzanIya parvata batalA diyaa| karakaMDu phaurana hI usake darzana karaneko gaye / parvatake Upara unhoMne eka manohara vApI dekhI aura guphAke bhItara zrI vItarAga jinendrabhagavAnakI manojJa pratimAke darzana kiye| unhoMne darzanavaMdanA karake apanA janma saphala mAnA ! uparAMta vaha dUsare parvatapara bhI zIghra car3ha gaye ! vahAM unhoMne dekhA ki eka kuNDameM jala bharA huA hai aura kamala khila rahe haiM / eka hAthI unameMse eka kamalako tor3akara bApIke hArapara car3hA rahA hai / isa kRtyako dekhakara karakaMDuko yaha vizvAsa 1-"so mahvarupa bhaNai deva deva, tujjamahiyalu sayaluvikarai seva / pArIdovar3adeseNiva athighiTTha, teNamahiMNakAsu viddiNaiduTTha / siri cor3ipaMDiNameNa cera, Nau karahiM tuhArI deva kera / "2-e agghideva pachimadisAhi, aiNiya duu pavvau rmmutaahi| 3-puNu diTThau teM jiNa vIyarAu, saMthuNaNahiM laggau sANu rAuM / puNyAzravameM pahale lar3AI huI batalAI hai / pR. 23. 4-jiNesahavAdavi pachiva vevigiriMdaho uppari siggha caDevi / NihAlayatehiM dissahaM muhAI, maNAmma NivAhaI jAi suhAiM / ityAdi.

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mahArAjA krknnddu| hogayA ki isa vApImeM avazya hI koI pUjyanIya deva hai ! isaliye usane usa vApIko khudavAyA, jisameM se eka maMjUSA ( sandUka ) meM rakkhI huI pArzvanAtha bhagavAnakI ratnamaI pratimA niklii| usa manohArI pratimAke darzana karake karakaMDune bar3A harSa mAnA aura usakA argaladeva nAma rakhakara usa guphAmeM sthApanA krdii| yaha bhavyasthAna unhoMne 'kali' nAmase saMjJita kiyaa| (govaddhaNu hariNA kaliuNAMi) isI anurUpa vaha Aja bhI kalikuNDa nAmase paricita hai| pratimAjIkI sthApanA kara cukanepara unake sAmane eka UMcI beDhaMgI jagaha mAlUma par3I ( harivIDhahoppari diTTha gaMTThi) karakaMDune ise sApha karanekI AjJA dedii| kArIgarane jala nikalane kI saMbhAvanAse use phor3anA ucita nahIM batAyA; parantu karakaMDune usako sApha karA denA hI munAsiba smjhaa| kArIgarane vaha jagaha phor3anA zurU karadI aura phor3ate hI usameMse athAha jalapravAha baha nikalA, jisase sArI guphA pAnIse bhara gaI / (taM bhariya uluyaNu jaleNa savvu, logoMkA vahAMse nikalanA muzkila hogayA / isakAraNa rAjAne vahAMpara eka kuza Asanapara saMnyAsa grahaNa kara liyA aura AtmaciMtanameM dhyAna lagAyA / 'itanemeM eka nAgakumArane pragaTa hokara kahA ki-"he rAjan ! kAlake mAhAtmyase Ajakala isa ratnamaI pratimAkI rakSA nahIM hosaktI thI, isakAraNa maiMne yaha guphA jalapUrNa kI hai / isaliye tujhe jalake rokaneke liye Agraha nahIM karanA cAhiye / " aura bar3e Agrahase rAjAko uThAyA / ' rAjAne usa guphA aura pratimAke banAnevAlekA hAla nAgakumArase jAnanA caahaa| isapara 1-jiNuviMbavi Niggau titthu tAva / 2-puNyAzrava kathAkoSa pR0 24.

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / vaha kahane lagA ki 'pahale vijayAIkI dakSiNa zreNIke rathanUpura nagarameM nIla aura mahAnIla nAmake vidyAdhararAjA the| ve rAjabhraSTa hokara yahAM terapurameM Akara rAjya karane lage the| unhoMne hI pArzvanAthanIko utsargIkata yaha guphA aura unakI pratimA banavAI thiiN| yaha donoM rAjA uparAnta tapasyA karake svargagAmI huye the| inake bAda nabhastilakapurake rAnA amitavega aura suvegane AryakhaDake jinAlayoMkI vaMdanA karate huye malayagiripara rAvaNake banavAye huye jinamaMdiroMke darzana kiye the| vahIM bhramaNa karate huye inheM bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIkI ratnamaI pratimA milI thii| ve usako eka maMjUSAmeM rakhakara lecale the ki eka jagaha mArgameM use rakkhA aura phira vaha usako vahAMse nahIM uThA sake the / ataeva unhoMne terapura jAkara eka avadhijJAnI munise isakA kAraNa pUMchA; jisase mAlUma huA ki suvega Ayu pUrIkara janmAntarameM vahIM hAthI 1-tahiM atthi Nayaru kheyaraSa mAlu-NAme rahaNeuru ckvvaalu| tahiM kheyara bhAyara atthinevi-NAmeNa NIlamahaNIlatevi / dhaviterANayaru Aya tahiM, thAivakIpau rajju bhab / 2-kaha pAsajiNiMdahodariyaNAsi, sueyakvahidiNamuNivara ho pAsi |mnnirynnhiN maNi NimmAvippahiM, kiuTThAutehiMjiNa paDimappahaM / 3-bevadahe uttaradisahiM Nayaha atyahiM ve vibhAya aNNoNaNiDiu saMbaMddha sama sasiketa divAyara paura dhAma / te amIyaveyasuvvepaNAma / sunisuddha sIla saMgo ahaMga, pammaturayaNaparibhUtiyaMga / te panvidivaMhivaMdaNakaraMti, sacalliya ekahiM diNemahaMta / dakhNidisilaMkahiM jaMtaehiM, malayammivisaI tAdiTTha tehiM / siripUdINAmegirivaridu. jahiMkolaNuchu Avai suriMdu / tahouvari khaNeddhavir3Iya, NaMsaggaho suravai parivaDiya / dhattA-te pekhivichuhapakayadhavalu, cauvIsa jinAlaya gayagayaNu; taM pekhivi harisahiM tahiM * jipaya, viNivArikdUraho jehiM magraNu // 4 //

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mahArAjA karakaNDu | [ 355 hogA aura jaba rAjA karakaMDu vahAM Akara maMjUSAko kholeMge taba vaha hAthI sanyAsamaraNa karake svargako jAvegA / yaha sunakara vaha donoM rAjA una munirAjake nikaTa dIkSA le gaye aura Ayuke antameM ativega to brAhmottara svargako gayA aura suvega ArtadhyAna ke kAraNa marake hAthI huA ! amitavegake jIva devake samajhAnese suvegake jIva hAthIne samyaktvayukta hokara vratoMko grahaNa kiyA thA / so vaha niraMtara vahAM pUjA kiyA karatA thA / so he rAjan ! devake kahe. anusAra jaba tumane bAMbI khudavAI, taba hIse yaha hAthI samAdhisthita ho rahA hai, yahI isa guphA ke sambandhakI kathA hai / ' isa prakAra kathA kahakara nAgakumAra to nAgavApikAko calA gayA aura rAjAne usa hAthIko dharmazravaNa karAke samAdhimaraNa karAyA, jisase vaha sahasrAra svarga meM jAkara deva huA / pIche karakaMDune vahAM para guphAyeM evaM jinamaMdira banavA diye the / (layaNovae karakaMDuyaNu, kArAviu jiNavara vara bhavaNu ) / karakaMDu terapura meM jinamaMdira Adi banavAkara agAr3I bar3ha gaye aura phira vaha siMhaladvIpa jApahuMce / ' zAyada usa samaya apane zatruoM para AkramaNa karanA unane munAsiba na samajhA hogA / isI liye vahAM se vaha siMhaladvIpako cale gaye the| vahAM ke rAjAne eka cAraNa munike mukha se inakI bAbata pahale hI suna liyA thA / so usake sipAhiyoMne inake Agamana kI sUcanA use dI thI / ( jo bhAsiu cAraNa muNivareNa - varu Ayau NaravaisobhareNa ) rAjA inako 1 - tA ekvahiM diNi karakaMDa eNa-puNudiNu payANau turiyaeNa / gau siMhaladIvahI NivasamANu- karakaMDu NaNahiu NaraprahANu /

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356] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / bar3e Adarase apane yahAM livAle gayA thA aura zubhalagnameM apanI putrIkA vivAha unase karadiyA thaa| (vevAhu kiyaulahutAhUkevi) karakaMDu yahAM navavadhUke sAtha kucha dina rahakara anyatra cale gaye the| aura vidyAdhara kanyA Adike sAtha vivAha karake ghUmate phirate drAviDadezameM cola, cerama, pANDya Adike rAjAoMke sanmukha jA DaTe the| yahAM ghora yuddha huA thA aura Akhira ina rAjAoMko karakaMDuse parAsta honA par3A thaa| jisa samaya karakaMDu inake mukuToMko pairoMse kucalatA agADI bar3ha rahA thA, to usane unameM jinapratimA oMko banA dekhA / unako dekhate hI vahI sthaMbhita hogyaa| usane samajhA yaha bar3A anartha ho gayA ! apane sAdharmI bhAiyoMko maiMne vRthA hI kaSTa diyA / vaha bahuta hI duHkha karane lagA aura usane unase kSamAyAcanA karake maitrI karalI ! vAtsalyapremakA yaha anUThA citra hai ! zrAvakoMmeM gaUvatsavat prema honA cAhiye, isakA yaha eka namUnA hai ! Ajake zrAvakoMko mAnoM vAtsalyabhAva dhAraNa karanekA pragaTa upadeza derahA hai-kaha rahA hai ki jainI jainImeM paraspara bheda nahIM honA cAhiye / unako paraspara milakara rahanA cAhiye ! karakaMDu mahArAjakA yaha Adarza kArya sarvathA anukaraNIya hai ! karakaMDu mahArAjane una rAjAoMse vidA hokara terApaTTanako prayANa kiyA / vahAMpara unakI madanAvalI rAnI unase Akara mila 1-tahiM atthi vikitiya diNasarAu-saMcalliu tA karakaMDu rAu / tA divir3adesamahi alu bhamaMtu-saMpattauM tahiM macharuva haMtu / tahiM caur3e cora paMDiya NivAMha. keNAvikhaNadve te milIyAhi / 2-karakaMDaeM dhariyAte viraNe, siramaur3a maliya caraNehiM taho maur3a mahiM dekhivi jiNapaDima, karakaMDavojAyau vahulu duhu // 18 //

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mahArAjA karakaNDu | [ 357 gaI / ' phira ve aura rAniyoMko lekara caMpApura pahuMca gaye aura vahAM Anandase rAjya karane lage ! eka roja banapAlane Akara rAjadarabAra meM khabara kI ki mahArAja, binA Rtuke hI sArI phulavArI phala phUla gaI hai / udyAna meM jJAnavAna zrI zIlagupta nAmaka munirAjakA Agamana huA hai / banapAlake mukhase yaha zubha samAcAra sunakara karakaMDune bar3e harSabhAbhAvase munirAjako parokSa namaskAra kiyA aura phira vaha saparivAra munivandanA ke liye gaye ! mArgameM jAte huye unane eka duHkhiyA strIko vilakha vilakhakara rote dekhA / ( ehaNAri barahi kiM ruvaeM, vilavaMtI hiyavai duhu karahaM ) so usane isakA kAraNa pUchA ! logoMne kahA ki mahArAja, isake putrakA janma huA thA / use akAla meM hI mRtyuke mukhameM jAnA par3A hai / isIliye yaha strI ro rahI hai / yathAuppaNNau NaMdaNu vihivaseNa, so NIyau Ayahi vaivaseNa / teM rubai sadurakara mahilaeha, appaNiu dhallaivaddhadayeha // yaha sunate hI karakaMDuke netroMke agAr3I saMsArakA vAstavika rUpa khiMca gayA ! vaha isake kSaNika rUpako dekhakara bhayabhIta ho gae ! unake hRdaya meM vairAgya udaya hogayA / ApA - parakA bheda 'jahi 1-'karakaNDu tahatauNIsariu, gau sammu hu terApaTTaNa ho / sundari mayaNAvali hariya, sampattau taMpae suvavaNa ho // 19 // ' 'gau campai sAhivigahi NivaI, so rajju karantau bahuya diI // 2 - campAhi ubuhayaNa veThiyau muhalIlaI achai jAvatahi; tA AyaDa UjjANAhivaI atthANiviurAu jahiM / " " dhammAlausaMjama NilaumAi-kiM jiNavarUmANa veseMNarAi / tarhi Ayau muNivara NANajuta, NAmeNa siddhau sIttu // " 'karakaMDu suNeviNuttaM vayaNu satyANajo aTThiutArayaNeNa / '

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358 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / dRSTi par3a gayA ! ( taM suNiMvi vayaNu rAyAhi rAu- saMsAra houvari viratta bhAu ) vaha rAjAdhirAja inhIM zubha bhAvoMko liye huye naMdana- vana meM pahuMca gaye / ( saMpatta uNaMdaNu taNa bhamahu ) vahAM unhoMne bhakti - bhAvase una munIMdra kI vaMdanAkI aura saMstutikI thI / jainAcArya yahI kahate haiM: - ' bhAmareti deviNu thui karevi / puNu caraNa dAmalajubalausarevi || jaya timira biNAsaNa kharadiNiMda / paya pADiya paI suraNAra phaNiMda || jaya mANa mahAgiri vajja daNDa | jaya Nirumamokkhaho bhariya kuNDa | jaya moha biDavi chiMdaNakuTThAra | jaya caugara sAyara taraNa pAra // tuhuM dUri NamaMta haM harIhapAU~ / jahaM diyaru tama pheDaNa sahAUM / / yaha sumara aNudiNu jo maNeNa / so sivapuri pAvai tarakaNeNa || kamakamalai vaMdivi muNivasu / Uvaviu agge etavadharAsu / so bhaNai bhaDArA hariya chammu / maho kovipayAsahi parama dhammu ||' karakaMdu munirAjakI vinaya karake unake sAmane baiTha gayA aura taba una kRpAlu bhaTTArakane parama sukhakArI dharmakA upadeza diyA, jisako sunakara sabake hRdaya prasanna hogaye / uparAMta sabane apane 2 pUrvabhava una mahArAjake mukhAravindase sune / usase unane jAnA ki - kuMtala deza ke terapura nagara meM pahale eka gvAlA thA / usane bar3e prema aura bhaktibhAvase eka hajAra pAMkhurIvAle kamalase zrI jinendradevakI pUjA kI thI aura Ayuke antameM zubhabhAvoMse marakara vahI gvAlAkA jIva rAjAdhirAja karakaMDu hue ! agAr3I unane jAnA ki zrAvastI nagarImeM (bharahi atthi sAvatthipura ) sAgaradatta seTha aura nAgadattA

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mahArAjA karakaNDu | [ 359 nAmakI usakI strI thii| apanI strIko somazarmA nAmaka eka viprameM anurakta jAnakara usane dIkSA le lI aura Ayu pUrNa karake vaha svargadhAma pahuMcA / vaDIMse cayakara vaha caMpApurakA rAjA dattivAhana huA ! idhara vaha somazarmA brAhmaNa marakara kaliMga dezameM narmadAtilaka hAthI huA / ( uppaNNau kubhikaliMga desa ) yahI hAthA rAnI padmAvatIko lebhAgA thA / prANiyoM kA moha aura vaira janmajanmAntarameM bhI nahIM jAtA hai| isaliye vRthA hI rAga, dveSa ke vazIbhUta hokara kisIkA ahita karanA burA hai / khaira ! agAr3I zeSa jo vyabhicAriNI nAgadattA rahI thI vaha bhI maragaI aura bahuta kAlataka bhramaNa karake tAmralipti nagarImeM vasudatta vaNikakI strI huI / ( ettha tthi bharahi puri tAmalitti, jovaMtaNu sukhai lahaititti / vasumittu tarhi vaNi atthi ....) isake do putriyAM dhanavatI aura dhanazrI nAmakI huI thIM / dhanavatIkA vivAha NAlaMdA nagarake seTha dhanadatta aura seThAnI ghanamitrA ke putra dhanapAlake sAtha huA thA / (NAlaMdaNayari ghaNudattavaNi-ghaNamattA gehiNi taho suyaU.....) dUsarI dhanazrIko kauzAmbIke vaizya vasupAla aura vasumatIke putra vasumitra ne vyAhI thI / (kausaMviNayari vasupAla seTThi - ityAdi) vasumitra jaina dharmAvalambI thA / isase dhanazrI bhI unake saMsarga se jainI hogaI / eka daphe usakI mAtA nAgadattA bhI vahAM AI ! dhanazrIne zrI munivara ke pAsa livAjAkara apanI mAtAko aNuvrata / layA diye, kintu apanI dUsarI putrI ke samAgama meM pahuMcakara usane una vratoMko chor3a diyA / usane tInavAra yaha vrata liye aura tInoM hI vAra chor3a diye (jahatehaMvau bhAu ekkavAra, tahatiNivAra bhaggau muttAra )

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360 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | uparAnta cauthI bAra vaha vratoMmeM aTala hogaI ! nidAna jainadharmako - pAlate huye usakI mRtyu huI aura vaha kauzAmbIke rAjA vasupAla aura rAnI vasumatI bure muhUrta meM putrI huI; jimase imako maMjUSA meM rakhakara gaMgA meM bahA diyA gayA thA / phira kusumadattamAlIke yahAM lAlanapAlana pAkara yaha rAjA daMtivAhanakI priyA huI thI ! zrI munirAjake mukha se sabane apane pUrvabhava varNana sunakara vairAgyako prApta kiyA ! una sabako kAlalabdhikI prApti ho gaI-ve mokSake mArga meM laga gaye ! rAjAdhirAja karakaMDu apane putra vasupAlako campAkA rAjA banAkara muni ho gaye / unake sAtha cerabhAdi kSatri1 yoMne bhI dIkSA lI thii| sAtha hI padmAvatI mAtA evaM unakI striyAM AryikA hogaI ! karakaMDu mahArAja sAMsArika vaibhavako tinakeke samAna tyAga karake muni ho gaye / zrI guruke caraNoMkI unhoMne vaMdanA kI aura vaha virakta ho gye| (jiNacaraNa laggu dUkhAu bhIu * saMsAra ho uvari viratti thIu ) yaha unhIM jaise mahApuruSa ke yogya kArya thA karakaMDu mahArAjane muni avasthA meM ghora tapazcaraNa kiyA aura Ayuke anta meM unhoMne sarvArthasiddha vimAna meM jA janma liyA ! ( savvatthasiddhi saMpatukhaNe, kaNayAmara muNivara ghayahalaI | ) eka gvAlAkA jIva zrI jinendra bhagavAn ke caraNoMkA sevaka banakara manu* dhyaloka meM manuSyoM dvArA pUjya rAjAdhirAja huA aura phira deva Ayuko prApta huA ! yaha jainadharmakI zikSAkA marma samajhAnevAlA prakaTa udAharaNa hai / karakaMDu mahArAjane zrI pArzvanAtha bhagavAna ke tIrthameM janma lekara unhIM bhagavAnke mUlanAyakatvake maMdira dhArAziva (terapura ) meM | banavAye the ! jahAM Aja bhI hajAroM jainI jAkara Apake puNyamaI

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jinendrabhakta seTha / [361 kAryake nimittase dharmopArjana karate haiM ! isa taraha bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke tIrthameM huye prakhyAta nRpakA yaha caritra hai / + * zvetAmbara granthoMmeM inakI gaNanA cAra pratyeka buddhoMmeM kI hai; jo bauddhasAhityameM bhI bahuprasiddha haiN| vahAM inako karmanAza karake kevalajJAna prApta karake mokSa lAbha karate likhA hai / DA0 jArla cArapenTiyarane inake caritrapara kucha prakAza DAlA hai| (21) jitendrabhakta khela !* 'natvA zrImajjinaM bhaktyA svarga mokSasukhapradam ! vakSyejinendrabhaktasya satkathAM sopagRhane / ' brahmanemidatta / sAtamajale mahalakI aMtima maMjilapara samyagdRSTi ziromaNi seTha jinendrabhakta dvArA nirmita sundara ninacaityAlaya thA ! sUrya nAmaka _.. + muni kaNayAmara viracita karakaMDucaritra ke AdhArapara hI yahAM yaha varNana diyA gayA hai parantu isa caritrake mUla paricayake lie mUla grantha hI dekhanA cAhie / muni kaNayAmara saMbhavataH 10vIM zatAbdike kavi the| dekho ilAhAbAda yUnIvarsiTI jarnala pR0 174 / 1-jArla cArapenTiyara, uttarAdhyayanasUtrakI bhUmikA pR0 44 / 2-uttarAdhyayanasUtrakI vRttimeM ullekha haiM:-'iha ca yadyapi namipravajaiva prakRnnA tathApi yathAyam pratyekabuddhas tathAnye'pi karakaMDvAdyas traya etatasamakAlara ra lokacyavana pravarjayA grahaNakevalajJAnotpattisiddhigatibhoja iti prasaMgato vineyavairAgyotpAdanArtham tadvaktavyatApya abhidhIyate / ' pUrva0 bhAga 2 pR0 312 / 3-Pacceka-buddhages chichten. PP. 41-56-86-164, * pUjya bra0 sItalaprasAdajIne inaseThako zrI pArzvanAthajIke tIrthameM batalAyA hai |(bNgaal jainasmAraka pR0 121)

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362] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / cora kSullakaveSameM vahAM pahuMca gayA! bhavya caityAlayako dekhakara usakA hRdaya gadgada ho gayA ! manohara vedikAmeM zrI pArzvanAtha bhagavAnkI ati manojJa aura ratnamaI pratimA birAjamAna thI jisapara ratnanaTita tIna chatra apUrva hI zobhA derahe the| ina chatroMmeMse ekameM vaiDUryamaNi nAmaka atyanta kAMtimAna bahumUlya ratna lagA huA thA ! veSadhArI kSullakakA hRdaya usako dekhate hI bAMsoM uchalane lagA ! usako solaha Ane nizcaya hogayA ki yaha bahumUlya ratna to aba mila hI gayA ! lobhake vazIbhUta hokara usa kSullaka veSadhArI corane kucha bhI kArya akArya na pahicAnA ! use kevala vaiDUryamaNiko pAnekI phikara thii| ___yaha sUryacora coroMke eka nAmI girohakA sadasya thA aura usa girohakA netA saurASTra dezake pATalinagarake rAjA yazodhvaja aura rAnI susImAkA putra suvIra thA ! suvIra mahAvyasanI aura cora thA ! umane tAmralipta nagarake jinendrabhakta seThake caityAlayameMke mUlyamaI ratnakA hAla sunA thA ! isI kAraNa usane apane sAthiyoMko usa ratnako kisI taraha bhI le Aneke liye kahA thaa| isapara isa sUryacorane usa ratnako le AnekA bhAra apane Upara le liyA thA ! surya corako mAlUma thA ki jinendrabhakta seTha apane nAmake anusAra hI jinabhagavAnke paramabhakta haiM aura ve dharmAtmA puruSoMse bar3A prema karate haiM / seThanIkI isa dharmavatsalatAse anucita lAbha uThAnA usa corane ThAna liyA / aneka jIrNa maMdiroMkA uddhAra karAnevAle, AvazyaktAnusAra anekoM bhavya maMdiroM aura pratimAoMko banavAnevAle evaM cAroM saMghoMko dAna dene aura satkAra karanevAle una seThako isa

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jinendrabhakta seTha / [363 taskarane ThaganekA pUrA irAdA kara liyA ! vaha jhaTase kSullaka bana gayA aura seThanIke nagarameM jA phuNcaa| vaha ratnake lAlacase vrata upavAsa Adi bhI karane lagA ! seThajIne dharmAtmA kSullakakA Agamana jyoMhI sunA tyoMhI ve usakI vandanAko gaye ! kSulukakA kSINazarIra dekhakara seThajIkI zraddhA usapara hogii| unane kSullakako praNAma kiyA aura vaha usako apane mahala livaalaaye| saca hai ki 'aho dhUrtasya dhUrttatvaM lakSyate kena bhUtale / yasya prapaJcato gADhaM vidvAnsazcApi vNcitaaH|| arthAt-"jinakI dhUrtatAse acche2 vidvAn bhI ThagA jAte haiM, taba becAre sAdhAraNa puruSoM kI kyA manAla jo unakI dhUrtatAkA patA paaskeN|" aise hI dhUrta sAdhujanoMko badanAma karate haiM ! kSullakanI mahalameM pahuMcakara usa maNiko le ur3anekI tAkameM the ! rAta Ate hI unakA dAMva laga gyaa| ve maNiko lekara mahalake bAhira ho calate bane; para abhAgyase mArga meM kotavAlane unako pakar3a liyA ! vaha jyoM tyoMkara Akhira jinendrabhakta seThakI zaraNa Aye ! seTha dharmAtmA the, ve aparAdhI para bhI kSamA karanA jAnate the| unane kSullakake duSkarmakI ora dRSTipAta bhI nahIM kiyA ! pratyuta kotavAlake sipAhiyoMko hI DAMTa diyA ki vRthA hI tuma eka tapasvIko cora batalAte ho / isa ratnako to yaha mere kahanese lAye haiN| yaha bar3e acche sAdhu haiN| minendrabhaktake yaha vacana sunakara sipAhI loga to namaskAra kara calate bane, aura seThajI una kSullaka mahAzayako ekAnta sthAnameM lejAkara kahane lage ki-'yaha bar3e duHkhakI bAta hai ki tuma aise pavitra veSako dhAraNa karake use nIca karma 11

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364] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / karake lajA rahe ho ! tumheM aise nIca kArya karanA kyA ucita haiM ? ina kAryoMse veSakI nindA aura tumhArI AtmAkA ahita hotA hai| tumheM aise duSkAryoMkI badaulata kugatiyoMkA hI vAsa milegA ! zAstrakAroMne to spaSTa hI kaha diyA hai ki: 'ye kRtvA pAtakaM pApAH poSayanti svakaM bhuvi / saktvA nyAyakramaM teSAM mahAduHkhaM bhavArNave // " arthAt-"jo pApI loga nyAyamArgako chor3akara aura pApake dvArA apanA nirvAha karate haiM, ve saMsAra-samudrameM anantakAla duHkha bhogate haiN|" yAda rakkho ki anItiko gRhaNa karane aura adhika tRSNA rakhanese jaldI hI nAzake garta meM jAnA par3atA hai / isa amUlya nara janmako pAkara barbAda na kara do| kucha Atmahita krlo|' isaprakAre zikSA dekara jinendrabhakta seThane usa kSullakako apane sthAnase alaga kara diyA ! bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke tIrthameM huye yaha jinendrabhakta seThakA caritra hai| dharmAtmA puruSoMko kaisA Adarza jIvana vyatIta karanA cAhie, yaha unake vyavahArase spaSTa hai / aparAdhI para bhI roSa na karanA-pApIse ghRNA na karanA-yaha unake Adarzase pragaTa hai / pApase dUra rahanekA vaha upadeza de rahe haiN| dharmAtmA sAdhujanake bheSakA Azraya lekara jo pAkhaMr3I puruSa svayaM dharmako badanAma karate haiM, unake prati zrAvakoMkA kyA kartavya honA cAhiye, yaha bhI jinendrabhakta seThake ukta udAharaNase spaSTa hai / aMdhazraddhAke vazavartI hokara pAkhaMDI logoMko dharmApavAda karane denA bhalA dharma ho hI kaise saktA hai ?

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vidyuccara muni / ~ (22) vidyuccara muni| "sarvasaukhyapradaM natvA jinendraM bhuvanottamam / vakSye vidyuJcarAkhyAnaM vikhyAtaM munibhASitam // " -brahmanemidatta / mithilAnareza vAmaratha apane ekAMta bhavanameM baiThe huye the| Ananda vArtA horahI thI / sAmane hI sundara veSabhUSAko dhAraNa kiye huye eka puruSa upasthita thaa| vaha mahArAnako mana mohanevAlI bAteM sunA rahA thaa| bAtoM hI bAtoM rAjAkA hAra lekara baha campata hogayA ! saba loga dekhate hI raha gaye ! isa ghaTanAse mithilAnarezako bar3A roSa AyA ! unhoMne apane yamadaNDa nAmaka kotavAlako bulA bhenA aura sAta dinake andara corakA patA lagA lAnekI AjJA car3hAdI ! ____ yamadaNDa parezAna thaa| vaha apane jAnemeM corako khoja nikA*laneke lie jamIna AsmAna eka kara cukA thA; para to bhI patA lagAnemeM saphala na huA thA ! chai roja hocuke the-dUsare hI roja rAna darabArameM corako hAz2ira karanA thA ! vaha isI phirAka meM nagarake bahAra nikalA ! yUM hI eka sUnasAna maMdirameM vaha jA niklaa| vahAM usane eka kor3hIMko par3A pAyA ! kotavAlako usapara kucha zaka huA aura vaha usako pakar3a lAyA ! dUsare roz2a rAjadarabArameM usI koDhIko upasthita karake kaha diyA ki 'mahArAja, ApakA cora yahI hai|' kotavAlane usako cora to batA diyA; parantu usake pAsa koI pramANa nahIM thA, jisase vaha use cora siddha kara saktA ! darabAriyoMkI

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366] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / salAhase yaha viSaya vicArakoTimeM par3a gyaa| usa roz2a kucha nizcaya na huaa| kotavAla use apane ghara leAyA aura usakI khUba acchI taraha marammata kI / parantu usane taba bhI corI karanA na kabUlA / dUsare roz2a rAnasabhAmeM usI kor3hIko kotavAla phira legaye aura rAjAse bole-"mahArAja, yahI pakkA cora hai / " kintu kor3hone phira bhI inkAra kiyA ! ___Akhira rAjAne usako abhayadAna dekara pUMchA ki tU saccA hAla batAde-hama terA aparAdha kSamA kara degeM / isataraha rAnAse jIvadAna pAkara usa kor3hIne corI karanA kabUla karalI / vaha bolA-'rAjAdhirAja' aparAdha kSamA ho / maiM hI vAstavameM cora huuN|' rAjA yaha sunakara cakita hogayA / unane pUchA ki 'itanI vikaTa mAra sahate rahane para bhI tUne yaha bAta nahIM kabUlI! tU bar3A sAhasI hai, tUne kaise yaha vedanA sahalI ?' usane kahA ki-'mahArAna, maiMne eka munirAnake mukhase narkoke duHkhoM kA varNana sunA thA / so mujhe nizcaya thA ki isa vedanAse kahIM adhika bedanA toM maiM pahale aneka vAra noM meM bhugata cukA huuN| vahIM bhayabhIta na huA to isa vedanAse vicalita honA phijUla hai / ' rAjA yaha uttara sunakara bar3e harSita hue / unane use vara dAna diyA; para usa corane Apa kucha bhI na mAMgakara yamadaNDa kotavAlako hI saba kucha denekI prArthanA kI ! yaha dekhakara rAnA aura bhI acaMbhemeM par3a gayA ! unane usase pUchA ki yamadaNDa to terA bairI hai-tU use mitra mAnakara premakA vyavahAra kaise kara rahA haiM ? vaha cora bolA-'mahArAja, yaha mere mitra hI haiN| isakA khulAsA yUM hai so suniye-dakSiNake AbhIra prAntameM

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vidyuccara muni| [367 venA nadIke taTapara venAtaTa nagarameM rAjA jitazatru rAjya karate the| unakI rAnI jayAvatIse vidyuccara nAmakA unake putra thaa| vahAMke kotavAla yamapAza the / unakI yamunA strIse yamadaNDa nAmakA putra huA thA / Apake kotavAla vahI yamadaNDa haiM / vidyuccara aura yaha eka guruke pAsa par3hate the / inane kotavAlIkA jJAna prApta kiyA thA aura vidyuccarane caurya zAstrakA maMthana kiyA thA / eka roja vidyuccara aura inameM zapatha hogaI ki jaba tuma kotavAla hoge taba maiM corI karUMgA aura fira dekhUgA tuma kitane hoziyAra ho ! kAlAntarameM nitazatru aura yamapAza jaina muni hogaye / so vidyuccara rAjA huye aura yamadaNDa kotavAla padake adhikArI huye| parantu yaha apanI pUrva zapathake bhayase yahAM cale Aye / rAjan, maiM hI vidyuccara huuN| so maiM inakI hoziyArIkI bAnagI lene yahAM calA aayaa| dinameM kor3hIke veSameM rahatA thA aura rAtako apanI zapathake anusAra inako chakAtA thaa| isaliye yaha hamAre mitra hI hai / ' uparAnta vidyuccara yamadaNDako lekara apane zaharako vApasa calA aayaa| kintu isa ghaTanAse use vairAgya utpanna hogayA thaa| usane zIghra hI apane putrako rAjyakA bhAra sauMpa diyA aura jina dIkSA legyaa| inake atirikta kaI anya rAjakumAra bhI muni hogae the| bhavyAtmAoMke aise hI AdarzanIvana hote haiN| vaha bar3ese bar3A tyAga bAtakI bAtameM kara dete haiN| vidyuccara muni hogaye / khUba hI Atmonnatike mArgameM bar3hane lage aura sarvatra unakA vihAra hone lgaa| eka roja ve ghUmate hue tAmralipta nagarImeM jaaphuNce| vahAMkI cAmuNDadevIne inako vahAM

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368 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / ghusane se rokA; kintu ziSyoMke Agraha se yaha nagarI meM cale gae aura vahAM pazcima parakoTeke pAsa pavitra sthAnapara Asana mor3akara baiTha gae | cAmuNDadevIko yaha bAta burI lagI / usane inapara ghora upasarga karanA prAraMbha kara diyaa| aneka prakArake upadrava hone lage, para to bhI yaha munirAja apane dhyAna se vicalita na hue / pratyuta inakA dhyAna bar3hatA gayA aura antameM inhoMne karmoMkA nAzakara mokSaarat prApta kiyA / vidyuccara munirAja ke pAdapadmoMse tAmRlipti nagarI pavitra ho gaI vaha nirvANa sthAna bana gayA / yaha rAjaputra vidyuccara muni bhI bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke tIrthameM hue mAne jAte haiN| ( dekho baMgAla, vihAra jaina smAraka Ta0 121 ) ( 23 ) rAjA vasupAla aura citrakAra ! 'pAdapadmadvayaM natvA jinendrasya zubhapradam / upaghAnakathAvakSye yataH saukhyaM bhajAmyaham ||' - brahmanemidatta / - zrI pArzvanAtha bhagavAna kI manojJa pratimApara catura kArIgarane bar3I sundaratA se lepa car3hAyA; parantu rAtake bIca meM vaha svayameva hI utara pdd'aa| citrakAra bar3A vismita huA ! usane samajhA ki koI truTi hogaI hogI, isI kAraNa yaha lepa utara par3A hai| paraMtu dUsare dina aura tIsare dina bhI yahI ghaTanA ghaTita huI / citrakAra bar3e asamaMjasa meM par3a gayA ! kaI dina use aise hI bIta gaye / usakI samajhameM na AyA ki aisA kyoM hotA hai ?

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rAjA vamupAla aura citrakAra ! [369 __ zrI ahicchatrapurake rAjA vasupAla bar3e buddhimAna the / jaina dharmameM unako gAr3ha zraddhA thii| unakI rAnI vasumatI bhI bar3I buddhimatI aura dharmapara prema karanevAlI thii| rAjA vasupAlane ahicchatrapurameM 'sahasrakUTa' nAmakA bhavya jinamaMdira banavAyA thA aura usameM zrI pArzvanAtha bhagavAnakI manohara pratimA virAjamAna kI thii| isI pratimApara lepa car3hAneko rAjAne citrakAra bulAyA thaa| yaha citrakAra mAMsabhakSI thaa| isakI apavitratAke kAraNa usake dvArA car3hAyA huA lepa pratimAnIpara nahIM ThaharatA thaa| aura rAjA evaM saba anya loga isa ghaTanAse duHkhI the| unakI samajhameM isakA kAraNa nahIM AtA thaa| ___ Akhira vaha citrakAra kisI munimahArAnakI zaraNameM pahuMcA aura unase isa ghaTanAkA kAraNa puuchaa| munirAjane batalA diyA ki'pratimA atizayavAlI hai; koI zAsanadevI yA deva usakI rakSAmeM niyukta rahate haiM / isalie jabataka yaha kArya pUrA ho tabataka use mAMsake na khAnekA vrata lenA caahie|' lepakArane vaisA hI kiyaa| munirAjake samIpa usane mAMsa na khAnekI pratijJA grahaNa krlii| isake bAda jaba usane dUsare dina lega kiyA to vaha pratimAparase nahIM chUTA-vaha usapara Thahara gayA / vratakA mAhAtmya hI aisA hai / vratI puruSako hara kArya meM siddhi hotI hai / isa harSa samAcArako sunakara rAjA vasupAla bhI bar3e prasanna huye aura unane citrakArako vastrAbhUSaNa dekara usakA satkAra kiyaa| ve rAjA rAnI usa bhavya mUrtikI pUjA vaMdanA dIrghakAla taka karate rahe aura unhIke puNyakAryase Aja bhI anekoM zrAvaka una prabhUkI pUjA arcanA karane

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370 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | ahicchatrako jAte haiM-vahAMse puNyakI poTa bAMdhalAte haiM / astu; isaprakAra bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke tIrthameM huye evaM unase sambandhita puruSoMke divya jIvanAkhyAnoMkA paricaya hama pAlete haiM / sacamuca unake nirvANalAbha kara cukaneke uparAnta taka huye pradhAna puruSoMke darzana hama kara lete haiM / aba agAr3I kevala ina prabhukA nirvANa kalyANaka aura unakA bhagavAna mahAvIrajI se sambaMdha dekhanA hI zeSa hai / B9998CCE ( 24 ) bhagavAnakA nirvANalAbha ! "kurvANaH paMcabhimAsairvirahI kRtasaptatiM / saMvatsarANAM mAsaM sa saMhRtya vihatikriyAM / / 155 // SaTtriMzanmunibhiH sArddhaM pratimAyogabhAsthitaH / zrAvaNe mAsi saptamyAM sitapakSe dinAdi me / / 156 // bhAge vizAkha nakSatre dhyAnadvayasamAzrayAt / guNasthAnadvaye sthitvA sammedAcala mastake || 157 // tatkAlocitakAryANi vatayitvA yathAkramaM / niHzeSakarmIrnAzAnnirvANaM nizcalaM sthitaH // 158 // - zrI guNabhadrAcArya | manda manda pavana cala rahI thI, nIlAkAza suhAvane bAdaloMse maNDita horahA thA / aruNa sUryodaya apanI mandamuskAna chor3ate huye eka jhAMkI bhara lagA rahe the; mAno bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke atula vibhavakoM dekhakara vaha apanA muMha hI chipA rahe hoM ! pAvasa Rtu thI / zrAvaNakA mahInA thA / vRkSa - latA, pazu-pakSI aura nara-nArI sabake

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bhagavAnakA nirvANalAbha! hRdayoMmeM modabhAva chArahA thA / sabahI prasanna huye mIThe 2 rAga alApa rahe the ! zuklapakSa apanI vimalatAkA paricaya derahA thaa| mAnoM spaSTa hI kaha rahA thA ki maiM sArthaka nAma huuN| jaisA merA nAma hai vaisA merA kAma hai| zuklabhAvoMkA pUrNa prArdubhAva mere hI zukla AlokameM hosaktA hai| mere hI dhavalarUpakA sAthI isa vizAkhA nakSatrameM Aja apanA vaibhava dikhalA saktA hai / AjakA dina hI isa punIta saMsargase hamezAke liye pavitra aura pAvana bana gayA hai| vaha dekhiye prAkRta saMketoMko pAkara isa divya avasara para svargalokake devagaNa bhI A rahe haiM / indra-indrANI aura deva devAGganAyeM apane 2 vimAnoMmeM baiThe huye jayajayakAra karate huye cale Arahe haiN| saba hI pulakitabadana horahe haiN| idhara pRthvIpara dekhiye to saba hI rAjA-mahArAnA, seTha aura sAhUkAra prasannatApUrvaka bhagavAna pArzvanAthakI viradAvali gAte bar3he cale Arahe haiM / pazu-pakSI aura vRkSa * latAyeM bhI praphulata huye dRSTi par3arahe haiN| jarA aura nanara pasAriye, dekhiye / dizAyeM nirmala hogaI haiM-bhavya zaila mahAmanohara dIkha rahA hai| yaha zrAvaNa zuklA saptamIkA divasa hI anupama hai| bhalA yaha divapta anupama kyoM hai ? isa roja indra aura deva, rAjA aura prajA kaba aura kyoM Ananda manAne Aye the ? Aye the to kahAM Aye the ? ina saba praznoMkA samAdhAna bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke zeSa jIvanapara najara DAlanese hala honAtA hai| zAstroMmeM batalAyA gayA hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIne vihAra aura dharmapracArameM pAMca mahIne kama sattara varSa vyatIta kiye the / uparAnta ve zrIsammedAcala parvatakI paramocca zikharapara Anakara virAjamAna huye the /

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372] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / nisa mahApavitra parvatarAjakI TokoMparase paramaguNadhArI anaMte munIndraH . aura kaI tIrthakara bhagavAn samasta karmoMkA nAza karake mokSa padhAre the, vaha ina bhagavAnko apane aGkameM dhAraNa karate phUlA na samAyA thA ! devadundabhikI pratidhvanirUpa jo mahApriya Anandadhvani usakI guphA. oMmeMse nikalatI thI, vaha usake prasanna bhAvoMko prakaTa kararahI thI! trijagapUjya bhagavAnko apane aJcalameM pAkara bhalA vaha kyoM na pramudita hotA ? vaha unako pAkara hamezAke liye pavitra hogayA / dezavidezoMmeM usakA nAma hogayA! devoMne bhI usakI guNagrAhakatAkA mUlya usI samaya cukA diyA / unane usakI sarvoccazikharakA nAma, jisapara bhagavAn pArzvanAthanI A virAjamAna hue the, suvarNabhadrakUTa rakha diyA ! usake usa suvarNamayI kUTapara virAjita bhagavAn parama zobhAko dhAraNa kiye huye the| tisapara devoMdvArA kI gaI puSpoMkI vRSTi bhagavAnke liye svayaMvaramAlA sarIkhI hI jAna par3atI thI; mAno mokSasuMdarIne svayaM hI Akara una bhagavAnko vara liyA ho! bhagavAnne zrIsammedazikhirapara Akara apanI samavazaraNa vibhUtikA tyAgana kara diyA thaa| vaha vibhUti svayaM hI vighaTa gaI thii| bhagavAn isaprakAra samasta sabhAse vimukta hokara eka mAsakA yoga nirodha karake virAjamAna hogaye the| unake sAtha chattIsa munirAja aura the| ve bhagavAn pratimAyogameM tiSTha rahe the| zrAvaNa zuklA saptamIke sabere hI unane tIsare aura cauthe zukladhyAnoMkA Azraya liyA thaa| aura zeSa cAra aghAtiyA karmokA nAza karake ve a, i, u, R, la, ina pAMca zabdoMke uccAraNa karane jitane 1-pArzvanAthacarita (kalakattA) pR. 417 /

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bhagavAnakA nirvANalAbha ! [ 373 samayataka ayogakevalI padameM prApta rahakara muktidhAmameM jA virAjamAna huye the / acala mokSasthAna meM vaha parAmatmArUpameM jAkara tiSTha gaye the| - lokakI zikharapara hamezA ke liye pUjyapaneko prApta hogaye the ! sabase bar3e padako ve pAcuke the, samasta prANI unake caraNoM ke Azra meM raha rahe haiM ! bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke mokSa prApta karate hI iMdrAdi devoM ne unake nirvANakalyANakI pUjA kI aura bar3I bhaktise una prabhukI vaMdanA karane lage / uparAMta unhoMne zrI jinendra bhagavAn ke divya dehakI dagdhakriyA kI ; yathA: " taba iMdrAdika surasamudAya, mokha gaye jAne jinarAya / zrI nirvAnakalyAnaka kAja, Aye nija nija bAhana sAja // paramapavitta jAni jinadeha, munisivikApara thApI teha | karI mahApUjA tihiM bAra, liye agara caMdana ghanasAra // 307 // aura sugaMdha darava suci lAya, nameM surAsura sIsa namAya / aganikumAra iMdra taiM tAma, mukuTAnala pragaTI abhirAma ||308|| tatakhina bhasma bhaI jinakAya, paramasugaMdha. dasauM disithAya / so tana bhasma surAsura laI, kaMTha hiye kara mastaka ThaI / / 309 // bhaktibhare sura caturanikAya, iha vidha mahA puNya upajAya / kara AnaMda nirata bahU bheva, nija nija thAna gaye saba deva // 310||" 1- kinhIM logoMkA kahanA hai ki tIrthaMkara bhagavAnkI divyadeha kAphUkI taraha khira jAtI hai aura devaloga apanI bhaktiko pradarzita karaneke liye mAyAmaI zarIra racate evaM usakI dagdha kriyA karate haiM / tathA nakhazikhako lejAkara ve kSIrasamudrameM sthApana karate haiM /

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374 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | isaprakAra nirvANa utsava manAkara devagaNa suralokako cale -gaye the| kinhIM zAstrakAroM kA mata hai ki devoMne bhagavAna ke nirvANasthAnapara maNimaI stUpa banA diyA thA ! isataraha bhagavAn pArzvanAthajI paramapadako prApta hogaye the / eka sAmAnya hAthIkA jIva Atmonnati karate2 paramoccadazAko prApta hogayA ! yaha dharma kI mahimAkA phala hai ! niyamita iMdriyanigraha aura satya adhyavasAya bar3e se bar3e kAryakI pUrti pAr3a detA hai / kitanI bhI choTI dazAkA jIva upekSaNIya nahIM hai / vaha bhI apane Atmabala athavA saprayatnoM dvArA saba kucha kara saktA hai / nIca dazA ke prANiyoM ko sAhasa dilAnevAlA bhagavAnkA pavitra jIvana sarva sukhakArI hai ! usakA adhyayana aura manana bhalA kisako AnandakA kartA na hogA ? bhagavAn pArzvanAthakA nirvANa antima tIrthakara bhagavAn mahAvIrajIke nirvANakAlase DhAIsau varSa pahale huA, zAstroM meM batalAyA - gayA hai / aura bhagavAna mahAvIrajIkA janmakAla Ajakala IsavIsanase 599 varSa pahale mAnA jAtA hai| isa apekSA bhagavAn pArzvanAthakA janmakAla IsavIsanse 849 varSa pUrva pramANita hotA hai aura cUMki unakI avasthA sau varSakI thI; isaliye unakA nirvANasamaya IsA pUrva 749 varSa ThIka baiThatA hai / kintu koI 2 mahA- zaya unakA janma samaya IsA se pahale 817 varSameM mAnate haiM / parantu hamane vizeSa rIti se bhagavAna mahAvIrakA nirvANakAla IsAse 4 1 - zrI bhAvadevasUrine aisA ullekha apane pArzvanAthacarita' meM kiyA hai| 2- uttarapurANa pR0 607 / 3- bhagavAn mahAvIra pR0 213 aura jainasUtra (S. B. E.) bhAga 2 bhUmikA / 4 - lAipha eNDa sTorIja oNpha pArzvanAtha, prastAvana pR0 9 noTa 2

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bhagavAnakA nirvANalAbha! [375 pUrva 545 varSameM sthApita kiyA hai| ataeva bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke mokSalAbha karanekI ghaTanA IsAse pUrva 770 varSa meM ghaTita huI mAnanA ThIka jaMcatA hai aura isa dazAmeM bhagavAnakA janma IsAse pUrva 870 varSa meM, gRhatyAga IsavIsanse 840 varSa pahale aura kevalajJAna IsAse pUrva cAra mahIne kama 840 varSameM huA siddha hotA hai| isaprakAra bhagavAn pArzvanAtha kaba huye yaha spaSTa hojAtA hai| kintu dekhanA yaha hai ki yaha parvatarAja zrI sammedazikhira kahAM thA ki jahAMse bhagavAnane mokSalAbha kiyA thaa| Ajakala hajArIbAga nilekA sammedAcala hI yaha parvata mAnA jAtA hai aura hajAroM zrAvaka prativarSa usakI vaMdanA karane jAte haiN| prAcInakAlase isIko sammeda zikhira mAnakara loga yAtrA karane Ate the, yaha prakaTa hai / 'uttara pazcimase AnevAle paTanA aura navAdAse khar3agadiha hokara pAlagaMja Ate the / vahAMse yaha parvata nikaTa hI hai| dUsarI ora dakSiNa aura pUrvake yAtrI usa sar3akase Ate the jo mAnabhUmake jaiyura sthAnase cala kara navAgar3ha hotI huI pAlagaMjako jAtI hai / ye sar3akeM san 1770 I0 se pahale kAmameM AtIM thiiN| ataeva yahI pratibhASita hotA hai ki jisa parvatase bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIne mokSalAbha kiyA thA vaha yahI parvata hai / pahaleke eka paricchedameM rAvaNakI digvijayakA ullekha karate hue bhI yaha dekhA jAcukA hai ki Adhunika himAlaya aura madhyaprAntake bIcavAlI pRthvImeM kahIM para sammedAcala thA / mAhiSmatI nagarase calakara rAvaNako kailAza pahuMcane ke 1-bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha pR0 111-114 / 2-baMgAla bihAra jaina smAraka pR. 40 /

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376 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAthaM / 'pahale sammedazikhara ke darzana hogaye the / astu; yaha mAnanA ThIka hai ki AjakalakA sammedazikhara yA pArasanAtha hila hI prAcIna sammedAcala hai / 0 bhagavAn pArzvanAthake nirvANasthAna honekI apekSA hI sammedazikhira adhunA pArasanAtha hilake nAmase prakhyAta hai / yaha vihAraor3IsA prAntastha choTenAgapura ke hajArIbAga meM 23 - 98' uttara aura 86 - 8' pUrva akSarekhAoMpara sthita hai / krUkasAhaba isakI prazaMsA ina zabdoM meM karate haiM ki - "parvata saMkIrNa parvatamAlA se veSTita hai, jisameM aneka zikhareM haiM / yaha parvatamAlA ardhacaMdrAkAra hai aura sabase UMcI coTI 4480 phITa kI hai / yaha jainiyoMke tIrthasthA-noMmeMse eka hai| jainI ise sammedazikhira kahate haiM / isa parvata para se bIsa tIrthaMkara mokSa huye batalAye jAte haiM / isakA 'pArasanAthahila' nAma 23veM tIrthaMkara pArzvanAthakI apekSA hI par3A hai| jaina saMpradAyakI jo ekAntavAsakI prakRti hai usIke anusAra unane isa nirApada sthAnako jisake prAkRta saundarya ko dekhate huye ThIka hI apanA pavitrasthAna mAnA hai / madhupurase calakara jaba tIna mIla parvatapara car3ha jAte haiM to jhaTa eka mor3ake sAtha hI jainamaMdira dRSTi par3ane lagate haiN| yahAM se maMdiroMkI tIna paMktiyAM eka dUsare ke Upara sthitasI najara par3atI haiM; jinameM karIba pandraha camakatI huI zikhireM dikhAI detI haiM / ina zikharoM para sunahale kalaze car3he huye rahate haiM tathApi zvetAMbaroM ke maMdira meM lAla aura pIlI dhvajAyeM phaharAtI rahatI haiM / yaha saba hI parvata ke zyAmavarNa meM sapheda mahaloMkA camakatA huA bar3A samudAya hI dIkhatA hai| yahAM tIna mukhya maMdira haiM.... (eka pArzva

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bhagavAnakA nirvANalAbha! [377 nAthajIkA bhI inhIMmeM hai) ina maMdiroMmeM ava yorUpiyana logoMke pahuMcanekI manAI hai, kintu san 1827 I0meM eka igrejane inake darzana kiye the| unhoMne pAzvanAtha bhagavAnakI nagna mUrtiko dhyAnAkArameM unake sarpacinhase maMDita yahAM pAyA thA / samUce parvatapara aura bahutase maMdira haiM, jinakI pratyeka jainI avazya hI vaMdanA karatA hai| yaha pravarti bhagavAn pAzvanAthanIke maMdirakI vaMdanA aura parvatakI parikramAke sAtha pUrNa hotI hai, parikramA karIba tIsa mIlakA hai / "2 yahAM sarva prAcIna maMdira 1765 I kI hai| digambara sampradAya bhI yahAM prAcInakAlase pUjA-vandanA karatI AI hai aura mUlameM isI saMpradAyakI pratimA zrI pArzvanAthanIkI TauMkapara virAjamAna rahI haiN| isa bhavya sthAnake darzana karate hI Anandase zarIra romAMca ho uThatA hai, aura yAtrI pulakitavadana ho sAre duHkhasaMkaTa bhUla jAtA hai| tIrthakara bhagavAnke caraNakamaloMse pavitra huA sthAna avazya hI apanA prabhAva rakhatA hai| jina burI AdatoMko manuSya anyatra lAkha prayatna karanepara bhI nahIM chor3atA unhIMko vaha yahAM bAtakI bAtameM tyAga detA hai / yaha isa puNya sthAnakA pavitra prabhAva hai, jainiyoMmeM isakA Adara vizada hai / pratyeka jainIko vizvAsa hai ki isakI 6-In recent times no European has been allowed to enter the temples; but a visitor, who examined them in 1827 found the image of Parsvanath to represent the saint, sitting naked in the attitude of meditation, his head Shielded by the snake, which is his special emblcm. "-W. Crooke. in ERE. ... 2-insAilkopeDiyA oNpha rilIjana eNDa ithiksa-pArasanAthahila / 3-0 bi. ke. jainasmArka pR0 40 / .

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378] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / ekavAra vandanA karanese hI durgatikA vAsa chUTa jAtA hai| isa taraha bhagavAnake pavitra nirvANa dhAmakA paricaya hai| ___bhagavAnake nirvANa kalyANakake digdarzana karake pratyeka hRdaya apaneko krata Rtya mAnatA hai / isa paricchedameM usoke parokSadarzana horahe haiM aura yaha Atma-kalyANakA prakaTa kAraNa hai| isake smaraNa mAtrase hI sukhoMkI prApti hotI hai; kyoMki jinendradevakI bhakti sarva sukhoMko pradAna karanevAlI hai / isalie zrI jinendra bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke prati vArambAra namaskAra hai / (25) taalu ghumul jiih mur`aar'iibaasii, "pArzvezatIrthasantAne paMcazadadvizatAbdake / tadabhyantaravAryumahAvIrotra jAnavAn // 279 // " -uttarapANa / bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIko muktilAbha hogayA; kintu phira bhI unakA tIrtha mahAvIra svAmIke janma samaya taka calatA rahA / bhagavAn pArzvanAthase mahAvIra svAmI DhAI sau varSa bAda huye the| isa antarAla kAlameM unakI Ayu bhI garbhita thii| bhagavAn pArzvanAthaH vartamAna yugake 23 veM tIrthaGkara the aura bhagavAna mahAvIra 24 veM athavA sarva antima tIrthaMkara the| pratyeka yugameM sanAtana rItise cauvIsa tIrthaMkara hote haiM / inakA paraspara saMbaMdha jAhirA kucha nahIM hotA ! yaha eka samAna mahAn puruSa hote haiM / isItaraha bhagavAna pArzvanAtha bhI eka jIvita paramAtmA the aura anupama the| aura mahAvIra

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bhagavAna pArtha va mhaaviirjii| [379 svAmI bhI sazarIrI paramAtmA aura lAsAnI the| hAM, pratyeka tIrthakarakA saMbaMdha hotA hai to kevala itanA hI ki pUrvAgAmI tIrtha karakI ziSyaparaMparA uparAntake tIrthakarakI zaraNameM svataH pahuMca jAtI hai| vaha pUrva tIrthakarake pavitra mukhase paraMparINa yaha suna cukatI hai ki AgAmI amuka tIrthakara hoMge unake dvArA jainadharmakA udyota punaH hogA usI anurUpa una tIrthakarake ziSya AgAmI tIrthakarake AgamanakI vATa johate rahate haiN| unake Agamanake sAtha hI ve unakI zaraNameM pahuMca jAte haiM / prAkRta eka tIrthakarake samAgamase vilaga hokara ve dUsare tIrthakarake mamAgamameM pahuMcaneke utsuka rahate haiN| unake liye yaha Avazyaka nahIM hotA hai ki ve alaga bane raheM / unako to tIrthakara bhagavAna ke AmanakI utkaNThA rahatI hai aura usI anurUpa ve unakI zaraNa me svataH hI pahuMca jAte haiN| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIra svAmIke viSayameM bhI yahI huA thaa| pArzva bhagavAnase 83750 varSa pahale zrI nemanAtha svAmIne, no 22veM tIrthakara the, apanI divyadhvanise yaha batalA diyA thA ki AgAmI itane2 antarAlakAlase pArzva aura vaImAna nAmaka do tIrthakara aura hoNge| sAtha hI unane ina tIrtha- - karoMkI khAsara jIvana ghaTanAoMko bhI batA diyA thA / yahI bAta bhagavAn mahAvIrajIke sambandhameM huI thii| bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke mukhArabiMdase logoMko mAlUma par3a gayA thA ki aMtima tIrthaMkara bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmI dvArA ekavAra jainadharmakA udyota honA aura zeSa : hai| jisa taraha bhagavAna mahAvIrake upadeza anusAra aAja hamako 1-harivaMzapurANa pR0 566-576 / / 12

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380 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / AgAmo honevAle tIrthakaroM ke nAma AdikA patA cala cukA hai, usI taraha pArzanAyanIkI ziSyaparaMparAko mahAvIra svAmIke honekA paricaya mila cukA thA / isaliye bhagavAna pArzvanAtha nIkI ziSyaparaMparAke ziSya bhagavAn maha vIrake AgamanakI bATa joha rahe the aura ve svataH unakI zaraNameM Aye the| kintu kinhIM ajaina vidvAnoMkA yaha anugana hai ki bhagavAn 'pArzvanAtha aura mahAvIrasvAmIke tIrthakarapanemeM antA thA aura ina donoM tIrthaMkaroMke ziSya bhagavAn mahAvIrasvAmIke mamayameM bhI alaga the; yadyapi ve Akhira donoM milakara eka ho gaye the| isake liye ve zve ke uttAdhyayanasutrakI vaha ghaTanA upasthita karate haiM jo zrI gautamamvAmI aura kezI zramaNake saMvAda rUpameM vahAM milatI hai| DaoN. benImAdhava bAruA mahodaya, isI bAtako lakSya karake donoM tIrthakaroMke ApamI sambandhako ina zabdoMmeM prakaTa karate haiM / ve likhate haiM ki-" mahAvIra svayaM apane ziSyoMmeM niganTha athavA nigraMtha nAmale paricita the| yahI nAma arthAt 'nagrantha pAke tIrtha saMghape bhI lAgU thA, jinheM jainI 23veM tIrtha kara batala te haiN| yahAM yaha prazna samu cata hai ki vastutaH mahAvIrake saiddhAMtaka pUrvAgAmIrUpameM kyA pArzva svIkAra kiye jA sakte haiM ? nAhirA nahIM; kyoMki aisA koI bhI mAdhana prApta nahIM hai jisase pArzva eka siddhAntavettA (Phil sopher) pramANita ho sakeM / pArza mahAvIrake pUrvAgAmI avazya the. kintu eka vibhinna prakArake ! vaha prAcIna tApatoM kI bhAMtike eka mAdhu the; jinane ki mahAvIra aura burake pUrvAgAmI 1-utagadhyayana sUtra 23 /

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bhagavAna pAca va mhaaviirjii| [381 (ninoM, bodhisatvoM) jaise mithilAke rAjA ni me aura ariSTanemike samAna hI tyAga dharma (Life of renunciation) para adhika jora diyA thA / yaha vidita hotA hai ki mahAvIrane gRha tyAgakara usa saMghakA Azraya liyA thA jo pAtrake batAye huye niyamoM kA pAlana karatA thaa| nAthavaMzI kSatriyoMkI samUcI saMpradAya dekho uvAmagadasAo 6) athavA mahAvIranIke pitRgaNa to avazya hI (AcArAta 2 // 15-16) bhagavAna pArzvake saMghake upAsaka the / isa avasthAmeM yaha anumAna karanA sugama hai ki mahAvIrakI dRSTi svabhAvataH pArzvasaMghakI ora gaI hogii| ( hArTa oNpha jainIjma 40 31 ) pro. jaikoSAne pArzva aura mahAvIra tIrthakaroMke pArasparika sambandhapara ThIka prakAza DAlA hai / (jaina sUtra S. B. E bhAga 240 19-22 bhUmikA ) unane ThIka hI kahA hai ki pahale do vibhinna nargantha saMgha the, jinake siddhAntoMmeM kevala 'cAra vrata' athA 'cAra niyA' hI samAna the| aura Akhira isI bhedake kAraNa upAMta do bar3e bheda ho gaye the / ' sAmannaphalasutta' nAmaka bauddha granthameM jo siddhAnta mahAvIrakA batAyA gayA hai use mUlameM kamase kama 'cAtuyAm saMvara zabdarUpameM to avazya hI pAvakA batAnA ukta pro0 sA0kA Thoka hai| isa siddhAntameM batAyA gayA hai ki mahAvIrajIke anupAra mAtma-saMyama, Atma nigraha aura dhyAnaM ekAgratAkA mArga 'cAturyAmasaMvara'meM sImita hai| yaha saMvara pAnIke vyavahArase vilaga rahane, pApase dUra rahane Adi rUpa hai|....pro bIsa De veDmane pro0 kobIke bhAvako samajhA nahIM hai, taba hI vaha kahate haiM ke 'unake matase cAra niyama pArzvake cAra ta the| pro. jaikobIne yaha kahIM nahIM

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382] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha dahA hai / .... isa taraha jaikobIke sAtha yaha mAnanA ThIka hai ki. sAmantaphalasutameM jina cAra niyamoM kA ullekha kiyA gayA hai vaha galata hai aura jo siddhAMta mahAvIrakA batAyA gayA hai vaha na unakA. hai aura na unake pUrvAgAmI tIrthaMkarakA; yadyapi usameM kisIke viruddha bhI kucha nahIM hai / kyoMki jaina granthoMke atirikta bauddhoMke majjhimanikAya (2/31 - 36 ke eka sUtrase jJAta hotA hai ki mahAvIrakI dRSTimeM mokSamArga ahiMsA, acaurya, zIla, satya aura tapoguNa jaise nagnaparISaha, upavAsa, AlocanA Adi rUpa thA / .... isaliye jaina aura bauddha donoMke AdhArase yaha kahA jAsaktA hai ki inameM se pahaleke cAra niyamoMkA vidhAna pArzva dvArA huA thA aura unameM aMtima mahAvIrajI dvArA bar3hA diyA gayA hai / "aba apane 2 samayake pratiSThita tIrthaMkaroM, pArzva aura mahAvIrakA pArasparika antara spaSTa najara par3atA hai athavA yUM kahiye ki aba isa praznakA uttara diyA jA saktA hai ki vastutaH kyA pArzva mahAvIrake saiddhAMtika purvAgAmI puruSa the ? pArzvakA jo thor3AsA jIvana vivaraNa prApta hai vaha spaSTa dikhalAtA hai ki vaha amalIkAkI ora adhika ruci rakhate the / unakA vyavasthApaka guNa ullekhanIya thA / jisa saMghakI sthApanA unake dvArA huI thI vaha apane ucca aura kaThina darjeke sAdhu cAritrake lie prakhyAta rahA thA / unane cAra naitika niyamoM kA pAlana karanA apane ziSyoMke lie: khyAvazyaka batalAyA thA / inhIM niyamoMkA pAlana karanA buddha aura mahAvIra ne bhI ucita ThaharAyA thA / pArzvake viSaya meM yadi inhIM cAra niyamoM meM unake cAritra vidhAnakA anta samajha liyA jAya, to

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bhagavAna pArzva va mahAvIrajI / [ 383 ThIka na hogA / vastutaH inake atirikta unake cAritravidhAna meM aneka niyama sAdhu aura upAsakoMke lie aura the| yaha kahanA bhI atyukti nahIM rakkhegA ki niganthasamAjake samagra cAritraniyama pArzva aura unake ziSyoM ke anusAra the / kintu isa cAritraniyamake sAtha eka aura kaThina naitika niyamAvalI vinayavAda yA zIlavrata thI. jisako mahAvIra aura buddhane eka svarase ucita ThaharAyA thaa| dUsare zabdoM meM pArzvake cAritraniyama yadyapi acche the, parantu unake nirmANakrama aura aucitya darzAneke liye saiddhAMtika vyavasthA kI AvazyaktA bhI; jisase ve uchRMkhala na jaMce aura samAjakI suvidhA meM bhulA na diye jAMya / .... (uttarAdhyayanake saMvAdase spaSTa hai ki, pArzvakA kevala eka dhArmika saMgha thA jabaki mahAvIrakA kevala eka dhArmika saMgha hI nahIM balki eka saiddhAMtika matakA pRthak darzana the) / " isake agAr3I DaoN0 bAruA mahAvIrasvAmIkA saiddhAMtika guru gozAlako anumAna karate hue kahate haiM ki - "jaba kAlAntara meM mahAvIra apanA nayA saMgha sthApita karane meM saphala hue aura use kucha aMza meM AjIvakoM ke samAna aura zeSameM pArzvake ziSyoM ke anusAra rakkhA to donoM (nirgrantha) saMghoM meM pragaTa bheda najara par3ane lagA / jaba ki navIna saMghakI saiddhAMtika utkRSTatA purAne saMghako andhakAra meM DAla rahI thI, taba usake anuyAyiyoMne kisI taraha apane astitvako banAye rakhanA Avazyaka samajhA thA | jAhirA pratirodha athavA prati spardhA isakA upAya na thA / upAya kevala samajhaute meM thA ! uttarAdhyayana ke sambAdase pragaTa hai ki eka samaya avazya hI purAne saMghake 1 - dI hisTrI oNpha prI-buddhisTika iMDiyana philAsaphI pR0 377-380 //

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bhagavAna pArdhanAya / anuyAyI samajhautekI phikarameM the|...bauddhoNke pAsAdika aura sAmagAma sUtroMse usa samayakA bhI patA calatA hai jabaki mahAvIrajIkI muktike sAtha hI unake ziSya do bhAgoMmeM vibhakta ho gaye the / pArzvake anuyAyiyoMko isa samajhautese naye saMghake siddhAntavAda (Philosophy)ko pAnekA lAbha huA thA / "' isa samasta kathanameM ina bAtoMko pragaTa kiyA gayA hai ki: (1) bhagavAna pArzvanAtha yadyapi mahAvIrasvAmIke pUrvAgAmI tIrthaMkara the; parantu unake nikaTa vaha siddhAMtavAda upasthita na thA jo. mahAvIrasvAmIke nikaTa thaa| (2) mahAvIrasvAmIne pArzvanAthanIke saMghakA Azraya liyA thA / uparAMta usase sambandha viccheda karake ve makkhaligozAlake sAtha rahe the; jisase nagnadazA Adi niyama grahaNa karake unane apanA navIna saMgha sthApita kiyA thaa| (3) mahAvIrajIke samaya meM bhI nirgrantha saMgha pRthakara maujUda the, jinameM 'caturyAmavrata' athavA 'caturyAmasaMvara' samAna the / (4) 'sAmanna phalasutta' meM caturyAmasaMvarameM jo bAteM ginAI gaI haiM vaha ThIka nahIM hai| vaha na mahAvIrasvAmIke dharmopadezameM milatI haiM aura na pArzvanAthajIke / tathApi cAturyAmasaMvara niyama mahAvIrakA batalAnA galata hai| vaha kevala cAturyAma rUpameM pArzvanAthanIse lAgU hai, jisakA bhAva pArzvanAthajIke cAturyAmavrata, jisakA ullekha zvetAMbaroMke 'uttarAdhyayana sutra' meM hai, usase hai| mahAvIrasvAmIne ina vratoMmeM aMtima arthAt pAMcavA vrata svayaM bar3hA diyA hai aura unakA 2-pUrvapustaka pR0 383 //

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bhagavAna pArzva va mahAvIrajI / [ 385 vivecana saiddhAMtika DhaMgase kiyA hai| zIlavrata niyama bhI unake khAsa the / pro0 hIsa De viDsa jo pro0 jaikobIko cAturyAma niyamase pArzvanAthajIke cAra vratoMkA bhAva grahaNa kahate batalAte haiM vaha galata hai / aura (5) pArzvanAthajIke aura mahAbIrasvAmIke saMghoM meM paraspara 1 pragaTa bheda thA, jisake kAraNa yadyapi pahale donoM saMgha alaga the; parantu uparAMta ve eka hogaye / Akhira mahAvIra svAmI ke nirvANake. uparAMta hI vaha phira do bhAgoM meM vibhakta hogaye; jaise ki bauddhoMke granthoMse pragaTa hai / ataeva Aiye pAThakagaNa ! ina pAMca bAtoMke aucityapara bhI eka dRSTi DAla leM / uparokta kathana meM bhI pArzvanAthajIko mahAvIra - svAmIkA pUrvAgAmI to svIkAra kiyA gayA hai, parantu unako eka sAmAnya sAdhu batalAyA hai, jinako apane saMghakI vyavasthA aura cAritra niyamoMse hI matalaba thA / siddhAMtavAda (Philosophy) na unake liye Avazyaka thA aura na vaha unake nikaTa maujUda thaa| koI bhI aisA pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai, jisase yaha siddha kiyA jA sake ki pArzvanAthasvAmI eka saiddhAMtika vaktA athavA tattvavettAH (Philosopher ) the; kintu isake sAtha hI aisA bhI koI pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai jo jainiyoMkI mAnyatAko galata ThaharAkara bhagavAn pArzvanAtha ke nikaTa siddhAMtavAda nahIM thA, yaha pragaTa kara sake / pratyuta DaoN0 helmutha vaoNna lagesenappane yahI pragaTa svIkAra kiyA hai, jaise ki hama pahile dekha cuke haiM ki jainadharmake 'mUla tatvoMmeM koI spaSTa pharka huA, aisA mAnanekA koI kAraNa najara nahIM AtA aura isaliye mahAvIrasvAmI ke pahale bhI jaina darzana thA, aisI jainoMkI

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- 386] , bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / mAnyatA svIkAra kI jAsaktI hai|....jaindhrmkaa svarUpa hI isa bAtakI puSTi karatA hai| kyoMki pudgalake aNu AtmAmeM karmaka' utpatti karate haiM, yaha isakA mukhya siddhAMta hai aura isa siddhAMtakI prAcIna vizeSatAke kAraNa ainA anumAna kiyA jAsaktA hai ki isakA mUla I. sanke pahale 8vIM zatAbdimeM haiN|'' pro0 DaoN0 jArla cArapenTiyara bhI spaSTa likhate haiM ki 'pArzvakI zikSAke sambandhameM hameM vizeSa acchA paricaya milatA hai / yaha prAyaH khAmakara vaisI thI jaisI ki mahAvIra aura unake ziSyoMkI thI ?' (dekho kembina hisTrI Apha inDiyA bhAga 1 40 154) bhAratIya aNuvAda (Atomic Theory)kA itihAsa bhI jainadarzanakI prAcInatAko pragaTa karatA hai jaise ki Upara DaoN0 glesenappane vyakta kiyA hai / sacamuca bhAratIya darzanoMmeM jainadarzanameM hI isa siddhAntakA nirUpaNa sarva prAcIna mAnyatAoMke AdhArapara kiyA gayA hai| hinduoM meM kevala vaizeSika aura nyAyadarzane isako svIkAra kiyA hai; parantu vahAM vaha prAcInarUpa isakA nahIM milatA hai jo jaina dharmameM prApta hai / (dekho insAiklopeDiyA Apha rilIjana eNDa Ithiksa bhAga 1 pR0 199-200) isaliye yaha siddhAnta bhagavAn mahAvIrake pahalese jainadarzanameM svIkRta thA, yaha spaSTa hai / sAtha hI bauddhoMke majjhimanikAya (bhAga 1 40 225-226) meM nirgrantha putra saccAkA kathAnaka diyA hai, jisameM usake buddhase saiddhAMtika vivAda. karanekA ullekha hai / yaha nirgranthaputra buddhakA samasAmayika thaa| isa kAraNa isakA pitA ma0 buddhase pahale hI maujUda hotA I-Glassenapp Ephemerides Orient : 25. P. 13.

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bhagavAna pArtha va mahAvIrajI! [387 pramANita hai / isa apekSA prAcIna jainadharmameM bhI saiddhAMtika vijJAna honekA samarthana hotA hai / dUsare zabdoMmeM bhagavAna pArzvanAthake nikaTa bhI jaina darzana maujUda thA, yaha spaSTa hojAtA hai / tisapara svayaM DaoN0 bAruAne bhagavAn pArzvanAthamI dvArA kiye huye jIvoMke SaTU kAya bhedako svIkAra kiyA hai| aba yadi unake matAnusAra yaha mAna liyA jAya ki bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke pAsa koI saiddhAMtika krama padArtha nirNayakA nahIM thA, kyoMki ve tatvavettA hI nahIM the, to phira yaha kaise saMbhava hai ki unane jIvoMkA SaTakAyabheda nirUpita kiyA ho ? isase to yahI pragaTa hotA hai ki pArzvanAthanIne avazya hI padArthanirNayarUpa eka siddhAMtavAdakA nirUpaNa kiyA thaa| jaba ki jainazAstroMmeM bhagavAn pArzvanAtha aura mahA. vIrasvAmIke dharmopadezameM pArasparika antarako spaSTa batalAyA gayA hai, taba yaha kucha nIko nahIM lagatA ki unhoMne isa bhArI bhedako pragaTa karanA Avazyaka na samajhA ho ! pratyuta bauddha zAstroMke ullekhoMse anyatra hama dekha cuke haiM ki bhagavAn pArzvanAtha nIke ziSyagaNa svataMtra rItise AtmavAdako siddha karate the aura unameM vAdI bhI the| tisapara pUrvapTaSThoMmeM jo hama bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIke samaya evaM unake bAdake mukhya mata pravartakoMke siddhAMtoMpara bhagavAn pArzvanAthanIke saiddhAMtika upadezakA prabhAva par3A dekha cuke haiM, usase spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn pArzvanAtha dvArA bhI vaisA hI jaina darzana nirupita huA thA jaisAki bhagavAna mahAvIrajIkI divyadhvanise pragaTa 1-prI-buddhisTika iMDiyana philAsaphI pR. 303 / 2-iMDiyana . hisTaoNrIkala kvATi- bhAga 2 pR. 708-709 /

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388]. bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / huA thA / tIrthaMkaroMke dharmopadezameM mUlatatvoMkI sthApanA eka samAna hotI hai, yaha hama pahale hI dekha cuke haiN| isalie yaha mAnanA kucha ThIka nahIM jaMcatA ki bhagavAn pArzvanAthajI dvArA siddhAMtavAdakA pratipAdana nahIM huA thA aura ve eka siddhAMtavettA nahIM the| kintu DaoN. bAruAne yaha niSkarSa uttarAdhyayanake usa aMzase nikAlA hai jisameM kahA gayA hai ki 'pahaleke RSi saralathe, parantu samajhake kotA the aura pIcheke RSi aspaSTavAdI aura samajhake kotA the; kintu ina donoMke madhyake sarala aura buddhimAna the|....phleke. muzkilase dharma-voMko samajhate the aura pIcheke muzkilase unakA AcaraNa kara sakate the / parantu madhyake unako sugamatAse samajhate aura pAlate the| isake sAtha hI digambaroMke 'mUlAcAra' jImeM bhI karIba2 aisA hI kathana milatA hai, jaise ki pUrva meM dekhA jAcukA hai| vahAM likhA hai ki Adi tIrthameM ziSya muzkilase zuddha kiye jAte haiM, kyoMki ye atizaya sarala svabhAvI hote haiN| aura antima tIrthameM ziSyajana kaThinatAse nirvAha karate haiM, kyoMki ve atizaya vakra: svabhAva hote haiN| sAtha hI ina donoM samayoMke ziSya spaSTarUpase yogya ayogyako nahIM jAnate haiN|' ina kathanoMse avazya hI yaha pramANita hotA hai ki madhyavartI tIrthaMkaroMke ziSya, jinameM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha nIke ziSya bhI sammilita haiM sarala, buddhimAn aura dharmako niyamita DhaMgase pAlanevAle the / ve usaprakAra vakra nahIM the aura na utanI hIla hujjata dhArmika viSayoMmeM karate the jitanI ki pahale zrI RSabhadeva aura antima zrI vardhamAna svAmIke ziSya 1-uttarAdhyayana 23 /

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bhagavAna pArzva va mahAvIrajI ! [389 karate the| isaliye avazya aMtima tIrthaMkarake ziSyoM ko vizeSa rItise dhArmika kriyAyoMko samajhAnekI AvazyaktA yuktiyukta pragaTa hotI hai; parantu isake mAne yaha nahIM hosakte haiM ki bhagavAn pArzvanAthane jaina siddhAMta athavA darzanakA nirUpaNa nahIM kiyA thaa| jainasiddhAMtakA nirUpaNa to unane prAyaH usI taraha kiyA thA jisa tarahabhagavAna mahAvIrane kiyA thaa| hAM, unake ziSya sacamuca itane sarala aura buddhimAna the ki unako samajhAneke liye unheM utanA adhika prayatna nahIM karanA par3atA thA / isaliye jainazAstroMke uparokta kathanoMse yaha pramANita nahIM hotA ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIne darzanavAda (Philosophy) kA pratipAdana hI nahIM kiyA thA / DaoN0 bAruA yadyapi karIba2 satyakI tahataka pahuMce haiM; parantu unane ziSyoMkI saralatA aura buddhimattAke kAraNa bhagavAn pArzvanAtha nIke nikaTa dazanavAda na mAnane meM atyuktise kAma liyA hai yaha kahaneke liye hama bAdhya haiM / bhagavAnakI divya dhvanise tatvoM kA nirUpaNa avazya huA thaa| dUsare mahAvIrasvAmIko pahale pArzvanAthanIke saMghameM sammilita hone aura phira alaga hokara AjIvikasaMghameM milane kI bAta bhI korI kalpanA hai / usake liye koI bhI jaina athavA ajaina pramANa upalabdha nahIM hai| avazya hI jainazAstra kahate haiM ki nAthavaMzI kSatrI aura bhagavAn mahAvIrake pitRgaNa bhagavAn pArzvanAthake saMghake upAsaka the; kintu isake sAtha hI ve bhagavAn mahAvIrako eka svAdhIna zramaNa honekA bhI ullekha karate haiM, kyoMki tIrthakara bhagavAn 'svayaMbuddha' hote haiM / ve dUsaroM ko apanA guru nahIM banAte haiN| yahI 'bAta bhagavAna mahAvIrake sambandhameM jainazAstroMmeM kahI gaI hai| unako

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390 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / vahAM kevala siddhoM ko namaskAra karake zramaNa dharmakA abhyAsa karate likhA gayA hai| isa hAlata meM jaina granthoM ke bala para yaha nahIM kahA jA saktA ki mahAvIrasvAmIne pahale zrI pArzvanAthanIke saMghakA Azraya liyA thaa| hAM, Anakalake vidvAna avazya aisI kalpanA karate haiM aura isa kalpanAmeM kitanA tathya hai, yaha uparokta paMktiyoMse spaSTa hai / isake sAtha hI AjIvika saMpradAyake netA makkha ligozAlako mahAvIrasvAmIkA gurU batalAnA bhI nirAdhAra hai / jaina athavA ajaina zAstroMse yaha sambandha ThIka siddha nahIM hotA ! zvetAmbaroMke 'bhaga. vatIsUtra ke kathanako yathAvat aitihAsika satya svIkAra kiyA hI nahIM jA saktA, yaha bAta svayaM DA0 bAruAne svIkAra kI hai| usakA kathana svayaM apane evaM anya ve0 granthoMke kathanase vilaga par3atA hai / isaliye usake kathanase itanA hI svIkAra kiyA jA saktA hai ki gozAlakA jaina dharmase sambandha thA aura mahAvIrajIke kevalajJAna kalyANakake pahalese vaha apaneko 'jina' ghoSita karane lagA thA / usake siddhAntoMpara jainadharmakA prabhAva par3A thA-balika usakA mata jaina dharmase hI nikalA thA, yaha hama pahale aura anyatra dikhalA cuke haiN| isaliye usakA prabhAva mahAvIranI para par3A ho, yaha svIkAra nahIM kiyA jAsaktA ! jaba bhagavAna mahAvIrajIkA divya prabhAva madeg buddha jaise bar3e aura prabhAvazAlI matapravartaka para par3A thA, 1-uttarapurANa pR0 610, bhagavAn mahAvIra pR0 93 aura jainasUtra (S. BE.) bhAga 1 pR. 76-74|2-aajiiviks bhAga 1 pR0 10 // 3-uvAsagadasAu ( Biblo. Indica ) pariziSTa pR0 111 / 4-bhagavAn mahAvIra pR0 173 aura vIra varSa 3kA jayaMtI aMka / 5-bhagavAna maha vIra aura mA buddha pR0 103-106

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bhagavAna pArtha va mahAvIrajI! [391 taba phira bhalA yaha kaise saMbhava hai ki makkhaligozAlane aMtima jaina tIrthakarako prabhAvita kiyA ho ? mahAvIrajIpara gozAlakA sabase bar3A par3A huA prabhAva ' nagnadazA' kA batalAyA jAtA hai| kahA jAtA hai ki nagna veSa unane gozAlase liyA thaa| kintu yaha kathana svayaM 'bhagavatIsUtra' se bAdhita hai, jisake AdhArapara hI yaha mata sthApita kiyA gayA mAnA jAtA hai| usameM spaSTa kahA hai ki jisa samaya gozAla mahAvIrajIke pApta dIkSA yAcanAke liye AyA thA, usa samaya vaha bastra pahine huye thaa| sAtha hI bauddha granthoMse prakaTa hai ki vaha pahale vastradhArI thA kintu uparAMta apane mAlikake pAsase nagna veSameM hI bhAga jAnese vaha nagna hogayA thaa| isase bhI pragaTa hai ki vaha pahale nagna nahIM thA; parantu vauddhoMkI yaha kathA vizvAsake yogya svIkAra nahIM kI gaI hai / isaliye isakA kucha bhI mahatva nahIM hai / 'bhagavatI sUtra' kI kathA aura yaha kathA donoM eka hI koTimeM rakhane ye gya hai| kintu isake viparIta digambara jaina zAstra 'darzana sAra' kI sAkSI vizeSa prAmANika hai| bezaka yaha grantha navIM zatAbdikA hai, parantu isakA AdhAra eka prAcIna grantha hai| eka tarahase yaha prAcIna matoMkA saMgraha grantha hai aura isataraha vizvAsake yogya hai tisapara usameM jo bAteM ma0 buddhake bAremeM kahI gaI haiM, vaha prAyaH bilakula satya hI pramANita huI haiN| isa kAraNa hama isa digaMbara 1-jainasUtra (S. B. E.) bhUmikA aura AjIvika bhAga 1 / 2-uvAsagadasAo (Biblo. Ind.) pariziSTa pR0 110 / 3-AjI. viksa bhAga 1 pR0 11|4-jainhitaissii varSa 13 aMka 6-7 pu0 262 / 5-bhagavAn mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha pR0 49-50 /

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bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / jaina granthako aitihAsika ko TakA eka prAmANika grantha mAnaneko bAdhya haiN| isameM makkhaligozAlako bhagavAna pAna thanIke tIrthakA zramaNa batalAyA hai aura vaha bhagavAna mahAvIrajIke samazaraNase divyadhva'na khi neke pahale hI ruSTa hokara ajJAnavAdakA pracAra karane lagA thA, yaha kahA hai, jaise ki pahale dekhA jA cukA hai| isa avasthAmeM yaha bAta ThIka nahIM baiThatI ki bhagavAna mahAvIrajIne makkhaligoza lame kucha grahaNa kiyA ho / uparokta digambara zAstrake matase bhI yaha pragaTa hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIrajIke dharmopadezake pahalese hI makkhaligozAla apane matakA pracAra karane lagA thA; yadyapi vaha antara vizeSa na thaa| mAtha hI di0 zAstroMmeM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha athavA unake ziSyoM ko vastragArI nahIM batAyA gayA hai / yaha kevala zvetAMbaroMkI mAnyatA hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAtha aura unake ziSya stra dhAraNa karate the; yadya pa unake AcAgaMgasUtra meM nagna veSako hI sarvocca zramaNa dazA batalAI hai' aura tIrthakaroMne use dhAraNa kiyA thA, yaha kahA hai| unake uttarAdhyayana sUtra' meM jahAM ke sI zramaNako bilakula hI AmAnIse isa matabhedakA samajhautA karate likhA hai, vaha jarA jIko khaTakatA hai / jaba kesI zramaNako yaha vizvAsa thA ki vastradhArI dazAse muktilAbha ho saktA hai; taba phira unako yaha kyoM Avazyaka thA ki ve nagnaveSa dhAraNa karake vRthA hI isa kaThinAIko mola lete ? yadi yaha kahA jAya ki upa samaya bhagavAn mahAvIra 1-jainasUtra . S. B. E. ) bhAga 1 pR. 55-56 / 2-pUrva. pR0 57-58 /

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bhagavAna pArzva va mhaaviirjii| [.393 jIke digambara saMghakA itanA adhika prabhAva bar3ha gayA thA ki prAcIna saMghako unase alaga rahakara apanA astitva banAye rakhanA kaThina thA, to vaha bhI ThIka nahIM vidita hotA, kyoMki yaha to jJAta hI hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIkA saMgha vizeSara time vyavasthita DhaMgapara thA aura usa samaya bauddhAdi vastradhArI sAdhu-saMpAya maujUda hI the| jisa prakAra yaha bauddhAdi vastrabarI saMpradAya apane mvAdha'na astitvako banAye rakhane meM saphala rahe the, vaise prAcIna nigraMthapaMdha bhI raha saktA thaa| usake pAsa acche darjekA siddhAnta to thA hI, isalie aisA koI kAraNa nahIM thA, jisakI banahase upakA nUnamadha mila jAnA anivArya thA ! isake sAtha hI yaha bhula yA nahIM jA saktA hai ki 'uttarAdhyayana sUtra' kiMvA sarva hI zvetAmbara Agamagrantha sarvathA eka hI samaya aura eka hI vyakti dvArA saMkalita naha hue the| tathApi unameM bauddha granthoM kA prabhAva par3A vyakta hotA hai / aura nipta samayameM vaha kSamAzramaga dvArA lipibaddha pheiye jA'he the, usake kiJcita pahale eka kezI nAmaka AcArya uttara bhAtameM hocuke the, jo magadhake rAjA saMgrAmake purohita aura buddhaghoSa pAMcavI zatAbdi I0) ke pitA the| yadi yaha kezI uttara bhAratameM bahu prakhyAta rahe ho aura inakA jaina samparka rahA ho to kahanA hogA ki inhIM kezIke AdhArase ukta AkhyAna racA gayA ho to koI Azcarya nahIM ! itanA to spaSTa hI hai ki kezI nAmakA eka vyakti deva 1-jainasUtra (S B. E. ) kI bhUmikA prI budeisTika inDiyana philAsaphI pR0 376 / 2-jAlacArapenTiyarake 'udhAna kI bhumekA aura "digaMbara jaina" varSa 19-20meM prakaTa hamArA le / / 3-lAipha eNDa varka Apha budaghoSa pR0 21 /

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394] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / .. rSigaNi kSamAzramaNake kucha pahale avazya ho cukA thA aura prAcIna evaM navIna nigraMthasaMgha kiMcita nAmamAtrakA bheda thaa| astu, jo ho usako chor3akara thor3I derako yaha mAna liyA jAya ki prAcIna arthAta pArzvasaMghameM vastra dhAraNa karanA jAyana thA-dUsare zabdoMmeM tapazcaryAkI kaThinAI kama thI-to phira buddhako apanA eka nUnana saMgha sthApita karane kI AvazyaktA zeSa nahIM rahatI; kyoM ke buddhane tapa. caraNakI kaThinAI aura brAhmaNoM ke kriyAkANDake khilApha apanA mata sthApita kiyA thA, so yaha donoM bAteM prAyaH uparokta mAnatAse unako prAcIna nigraMthasaMghameM milatI hI thiiN| isase bhI yahI prakaTa hotA hai ki prAcIna jaina saMghameM bhI nagnaveSa hI mokSa-liGga mAnA gayA thaa| ma0 buddhake pahalese hI nagnaveSa AdarakI dRSTise dekhA jAtA thA. yaha bAta pUrNakAzyapake nagnasAdhu honeke kathAna kase spaSTa hai / vaha nagna isIliye huA thA ki usakA Adara janasAdhAraNameM adhika hogaa| aba yadi bhagavAn pArzvanAthake dvArA nagnaveSakA pracAra nahIM hocukA thA, to phira nagnaveSakA itanA Adara usa samaya kaise bar3ha gayA thA ? yaha prazna agAr3I AtA hai| hinduoMke upaniSada kAlIna vAnaprasthaRSi isa veSake kAyala nahIM the aura yaha bhI pragaTa nahIM haiM ki makkhaligozAlake AnIvika pUrvAgAmI nagna rahate the; pratyuta unako to 'vAnaprastha DhaMga' kA sAdhu likhA hai| magnaveSa, pUrvoke ATha nimita Adi siddhAnta AjIvika saMpradAyameM jaina dharmase liye huye pramANita hote haiN| isa kAraNa anya koI 1-bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha pR0 82-83 / 2-inDiyana enTIkverI bhAga 9 pR. 162 / 3-AjIviksa bhAga 1 pR. 3 / .

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bhagavAna pArzva va mahAvIrajI / [ 395 aisA vyakti nahIM dIkhatA jisake dvArA mahAvIra svAmIke pahalese nagnaveSakA pracAra kiyA gayA ho, sivAya bhagavAn pArzvanAthajIke ! isaliye haThAta yaha mAnanA par3atA hai ki bhagavAn pArzvanAthajI bhI nagnaveSameM rahe the aura unake ziSya bhI vaise hI rahate the / jaina sAdhuoMkI sarvocca avasthA nagna thI, yaha bAta digambara, zvetAMbare, donoM hI jaina saMpradAyoMke zAstroM aura brAhmaNaM evaM bauddha graMthoM se bhI pramANita hai / tathApi anyatra hamane bauddha zAstroMke AdhArase yaha siddha kara diyA hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke ziSya bhI nagna veSameM rahate the, kyoMki 'mahAvagga' meM jina 'titthiya' zramaNoMko nagna aura hAtha kI aMjuli meM bhojana karate batalAyA hai vaha jaina sAdhu haiM aura yaha pragaTa hI hai ki buddhane apanese prAcIna sAdhuoM kA ullekha isa vizeSaNa se kiyA hai evaM mahAvagga meM uparokta ullekha usavakta AyA hai jaba ma0 buddha apanA saMgha sthApita karate hI jArahe the aura mahAvIra bhagavAna chadmastha avasthA meM the / ataeva isa saba vivaraNako dekhate huye yaha svIkAra nahIM kiyA jAsaktA ki bhagavAna pArzvanAtha aura unake ziSya nagnaveSameM na rahe hoM aura bhagavAna mahAvIrane makkha ligozAlase nagnaveSa grahaNa kiyA ho / 1- AcArAGgasUtra ( S. B. E) bhAga 1 pR0 56 / 2 - Rgveda 10- 136, varAhamihirasaMhitA 19 - 61 va 45-58; mahAbhArata 3-26-27; rAmAyaNa bAlakANDa bhUSaNa TIkA 14-22 / 3- divyAvadAna pR0 165; jAtakamAlA bhAga 1 pR0 145; vizAkhAvatthU dhammapadatthakathA bhAga 1 khaNDa 2 pR0 384; DIpIlaoNgsa oNpha buddha 3-14; mahAvagga 81-5, 3-1, 38-16; culavagga 4,28,3; saMyuttanikAya 2, 3, 10, 7; dhammapadam 50 3 ityAdi / 4 - bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0 buddha pariziSTa pR0 237-238 / 13

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396 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | : isa vyAkhyAkA samarthana aba takake upalabdha jaina purAtatvase bhI hotA hai / isa samaya bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIkI saMbhavataH sarvaprAcIna mUrtiyAM jaina samrAT khAravela mahAmeghavAhana (IsA se pUrva 2ya zatAbdi ) dvArA nirmita khaMDagiri-udayagirikI guphAoM meM milatI haiM aura yaha nagnaSa meM haiM / isase spaSTa hai ki Ajase ikkIsasau varSa pahale bhI bhagavAna pArzvanAthajI nanaveSameM hI pUje jAte the / isa samaya digambarazvetAM prabheda bhI jaina saMghameM nahIM huye the| isake bAda kuzAnakAla (Ind-Scythian Period) kI mathurAvAlI mUrtiyoM meM bhI bhagavAna pArzvakI mUrtiyAM nagnaveSameM milI haiN| Azrarya yaha hai ki inameM se eka zvetAmbara AyAgapaTa meM bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kI padmAsana mUrti nagna hI haiM / isameM kAnha zramaga eka khaMDa- vastra ( aMgoche ) I ko hAthakI kalAI para laTakA kara nagnatAko chute huye pragaTa kiye gaye haiN| vaise vaha saMpUrNataH nagnaveSa meM haiN| zvetAmbara saMpradAya ke sAdhuoM kI taraha unake pAsa abhyantara aura bahiravastra nahIM haiM aura na u narahake ekavastradhArI sAdhu hI haiM, jaise ki zve0 saMpradAya meM mAne jAte haiM / 330 saMpradAya ke anusAra khaMDavastradhArI tIrthaMkara bhagavAna eka prAcIna citrameM laMgoTI lagAye dikhAye gaye haiM / isa ava yaha kAnhabhramaNa pUrNa zvetAmbara sAdhukI koTimeM nahIM Ate hai / unakA svarUpa bhaTTAraka ratnanandi kRta 'bhadrabAhu carita' meM batAye hue 'ardha phAlaka' (ardhavastra) vAle jaina sAdhuoMse ThIka milatA hai / hAraka ratnanandine zrutakevalI bhadrabAhunIke samaya meM zithi 1 # na 1- sUtra (S. B. E) bhAga 1 pR0 71-72 / 2 - jU jainisamasa pleTa naM0 8 3 - bhagavAna mahAvIra pR0 227 / 4 jainahitaiSI bhAga 13 pR0 266 /

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bhagavAna pArzva va mahAvIrajI / [ 397 lAcArI muniyoM dvArA isa saMpradAyakI utpatti mAnI thI aura phira jinacandra dvArA pUrNataH zvetAmbara bheda huA unane kahA hai / isa mUrtike svarUpase unakA kathana pramANIka ThaharatA hai / hamane isake pahale bhI ardhaphalaka' saMpradAyakA astitva svIkAra kiyA thA; yadyapi paM0 nAthUrAmajI premIne ise eka kalpanA hI khayAla kiyA thA / aura yaha prAyaH sarvamAnya hai ki digambara - zvetAmbara bhedakI jar3a yadyapi dravahu zrutakebalIke nikaTavartI kAlase hI par3a gaI thI, parantu usakA pUrNa viccheda IsavIsan 80 yA 82 meM huA thA' / isake madhya kAla meM avazya hI ardhaphAlaka zithilAcArI zramaNasaMgha rahA pragaTa hotA hai, jo vaise to prAcInarUpameM arthAt nagnaveSameM rahana the; paraMtu lajjA nivAraNake liye khaMDavastra rakhatA thA / isa dazA meM digaMbara jaina kathana vizvAsa na karaneke yogya nahIM ThaharatA hai| ataeva yaha spaSTa honAtA hai ki zvetAmbara saMpradAyako bhI pahale nagna svIkAra thA / yahI kAraNa hai ki mathurAke kaMkAlI TIlA se nikalIM huIM pUrNa nagna tIrthaMkara mUrtiyoM para itre0 AmnAyake AcAryoM kA nAma aMkita hai / isa prakAra prAcIna purAtatvase bhI zrI pAsAtha evaM anya jaina tIrthaMkaroM kA nagnaveSa meM rahanA pramANita hai| sira rAmakRSNa gopAla bhAMDArakara mahodaya ne bhI yaha pragaTa kiyA thA ki "prAcIna jaina mUrtiyAM prAyaH nagna hI milatIM haiN| guphA maMdiroM meM bhI digaMbara pratimAyeM milatI haiM / " 1- kaimbija hisTI oNpha inDiyA bhAga 1 pR0 165 inDiyana sTaDIja bhAga 1 0 25 ityAdi / 2 - jainahitaiSI pR0 291-292 / 3 - pUrva0 bhAga 5 0 25 / aura sAutha bhAga 13

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398 ] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha | ataeva aisA koI sAdhana upalabdha nahIM hai, jisase yaha svIkAra kiyA jAsake ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIka saMgha meM vastradhArI avasthA ke nigraMtha muni the aura bhagavAna svayaM vastradhAraNa kiye rahe the; jaise ki 0 kA kathana hai | o tIsarI aura cauthI bAtoM meM kucha tathya avazya hai / yaha nirvi bAda siddha hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIrajIke prAraMbhika jIvana taka ava zava hI bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIkA saMgha maujUda thA / kintu jyoM hI navIna saMgha utpanna huA tyoMhI prAcIna saMgha ke RSi usameM mila gaye the / unameM vizeSa antara nahIM thA aura vaha bhagavAna mahAvIra jIkI bATa joha rahe the, yaha hama dekha hI cuke haiM / cAturyAm niyama jo donoM saMghoM meM samAna batalAyA jAtA hai, vaha usI rUpameM eka mAnA jAtA hai nimarUpameM vaha sAmannaphala suttameM milatA hai / jaina zramaNake vahI cAra lakSaNa the jo isa bauddhasuttameM batAe gaye haiM, jaise ki hama pahale dekha cuke haiM / yaha bAta di0 jaina grantha 'ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcArase pramANita hai, yaha pahale hI dikhAyA jAcukA hai / ataeva yaha kahanA ki bauddhoMne mahAvIrasvAmIke prati jisa cArtuyAma saMvarakA nirUpaNa kiyA thA vaha galata hai kucha tathya nahIM rakhatA ! bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samakAlIna na buddhame aisI galatI honA asaMbhava hI hai| bauddha zAstroMmeM jina siddhAMtoMko "noMkA batalAyA gayA hai vaha hameM ThIka haiM; yadyapi unakI vyAkhyA karane meM kahIM2 bauddhoMne atyukise kAma liyA hai| isalie yaha nahIM svIkAra kiyA jAsaktA ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke nikaTa cAturyAma niyamakA bhAva cAra 1- bhagavAna mahAvIra aura ma0. buddha, pariziSTa /

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bhagavAna pArtha va mhaaviirjii| [399 vratoMse thA aura bhagavAna mahAvIranIne unhIMmeM aMtima vrA bar3hA diyA thA / bauddhoMke majjhima nikAyameM bhagavAna mahAvIranI ke 'pAMca vana ThIka hI batAye haiM; para unake kisI graMthameM bhI bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke una cAra vratoM kA ullekha nahIM hai, jinako zvetAmbara grantha pragaTa karate haiN| phira bhagavAna mahAvIra dvArA yadi una vratoMmeM hI eka aura bar3hAyA gayA thA, to vaha aMtima 'tapoguNa' athavA aparigraha vrata na hokara brahmacaryavrata thA / isa avasthAmeM DaoN. bAruAkA yaha kathana bhI ucita pratIta nahIM hotA / tathApi DaoN. jaikobIne yadyapi pAlIke 'cAturyAma' aura prAkRtake 'cAtujAma' zabdoMko samAna batalAyA hai; parantu yaha bhI unane spaSTa svIkAra kiyA hai ki 'cAtujAma' se bhagavAna pArzvanAthanIke cAra vrata pragaTa hote haiN| isaliye sva0 DaoN0 dvIsa DeviDsakA praoN. jaikobIko 'cAturyAma' se zrI pArzvanAthajIke cAra vrata grahaNa karate batalAnA ThIka hai aura vaha jo isase cAra vratoMkA bhAva nikalanA galata batalAte haiM, vaha bhI ThIka hai / isa taraha di. jaina granthoM evaM bauddhoMke zAstroMse yaha pragaTa nahIM hotA hai ki bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIke cAra vrata the / sAtha hI Upara jaba hama yaha dekha cuke haiM ki pArzvanAthanIke nikaTa bhI saiddhAMtika krama maujUda thA, to yaha nahIM kahA jAsaktA ki vratoMko unane niyamita rItimeM na rakkhA ho ! tathApi zIlavratoMkA prArdubhAva aMtima tIrthakara dvArA huA khyAla karanA bhI korA khyAla hai; kyoMki zIlavratoMmeM paMca mahAvrata bhI haiM aura inakA astitva bhagavAna pArzvanAtha nauke saMghameM milatA hai| 1-jainasUtra (S. B.E) bhAga 2 mikA pR0 20 /

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400] bhagavAn pArdhanAya / yadyapi yaha ThIka hai ki donoM saMghoMmeM cAritrabheda kevala AcaraNameM lAnekI dRSTise avazya thA; jaise ki jaina zAstroMse pragaTa hai| * sarva aMtima jo yaha kahA gayA hai ki donoM saMghoMkA mela, yadyapi samayakI mAMgakI vajahase jAhirA hogayA thA, jisase pArzvasaMghako vIra-saMghakA siddhAMta pAnekA lAbha huA thA; parantu vaha jyAdA dina na TikA aura mahAvIrasvAmIke nirvANa uparAnta punaH bheda hogayA ! kheda hai ki yahAM bhI hama DA0 bArUAke sAtha sahamata nahIM ho sakte / yaha satya hai ki bhagavAna mahAvIrajIke kaivalyapada prApta karane aura saMgha sthApita karane ke sAtha hI pArzvasaMghake RSi Adi sadasya bhagavAnke saMghameM sammilita ho gaye the; kintu Uparake kathanako dekhate huye yaha nahIM svIkAra kiyA jAsaktA ki unako isase siddhAntavAda (Philosophy) pAnekA lAbha huA thA ! sAtha hI bauddhazAstroM ke kathanase yaha bhAva nikAlanA ki bhagavAn mahAvIrajIke nirvANa hote hI vIrasaMgha do bhAgoMmeM vibhakta ho gayA thA, ThIka nahIM pratIta hotA ! yaha digaMbara aura zvetAmbara donoM AnAyoMke graMthoMke viruddha hai| bhagavAna mahAvIrajIke uparAnta jabataka unake kevalajJAnI ziSya, jinameM sarvaaMtima jambUsvAmI the, maujUda rahe the, tabataka to kisI tarahakA bhI koI prabheda par3A dRSTi nahIM par3atA hai, kyoMki donoM AmnAyoMmeM kevalajJAniyoMke sambandhameM kucha bhI antara nahIM hai| ApasI prabhedakI jar3a zrutakevaliyoMke jamAnese aura bahutakarake bhadrabAhujIke jamAnese hI par3I pratIta hotI hai / isa samaya nigraMthasaMghakI ThIka vahI dazA horahI thI jo bauddhazAstroM meM ktalAI gaI hai| aura yaha vidita hI hai ki isa samaya athavA

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bhagavAna pArzva va mahAvIrajI / [ 401 isase kiJcita uparAnta hI bauddha zAstra usa rUpa meM saMkalita kiye gaye the, jaise ki aba milate haiM / isI kAraNa unhoMne sAdhAraNataH bhagavAn mahAvIrake nirvANa bAda saMghabheda batalAnekA bhAva usa sama yI ghaTanAko lakSya karake likhA thaa| bauddhazAstroMmeM yahI eka udAharaNa nahIM hai jisameM yaha bhramAtmaka bAta ho pratyuta aura bhI udAharaNa haiM jisameM ajAtazatruko usake samayake uparAMtakI ghaTanAoMse sambaMdhita batalAyA gayA hai| isase bauddhagranthoMke kathanakA bhAva yahI hai ki bhagavAn mahAvIrajIke uparAnta eka kAphI samayake bAda saMgha - bhedakI nIMva par3I thI / kamasekama bhadrabAhu zrutakevalI ke samayataka to saMbhavataH saMpUrNa saMgha eka thA / kinhIM ajaina vidvAnoMkA bhI yahI mata hai / ' astu; isa prakAra yaha spaSTa hai ki bhagavAn pArzvanAthajI aura mahAvIrasvAmIkA pArasparika sambaMdha kyA thA ? donoM hI mahApuruSa eka samAna tIrthaMkara the aura unakI zikSA bhI prAyaH eka samAna thI; kintu unake saMghameM cAritra niyamoMko pAlane meM kiMcita antara ava - zya thA / aura yaha antara mUlameM kucha nahIM thA ! jaina dharmakI, yaha khAsiyata rahI hai ki vaha prAcIna se prAcInatara kAlase apane siddhAntoMko vaise hI pragaTa karatA calA ArahA hai, jaise ki ve Aja upalabdha haiM / " yadyapi usake bAhyarUpa kriyAkANDa AdimeM avazya hI sAmayika prabhAva par3A pragaTa hotA hai / 1 - kaimbrija hisTrI Apha inDiyA bhAga 1 pR0 165 / 2 - pUrva 0 pu0 169 /

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402] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / (26) upsNhaar| 'jayatastava pArzvasya zrImadbhartuH padadvayam / kSayaM dustarapApasya kSayaM kartuM dadajjayam / ' -zrI samantabhadrAcAryaH / he prabho pArzvanAtha ! 'Apa mohAdika sampUrNa aMtaraMga zatruoMko jItanevAle ho, sabake svAmI ho / he deva ! Apake caraNakamala atizaya zobhAyamAna haiN| sarvatra vijaya denevAle haiN| atizaya gahana pa.poMko bhI nAza karaneke liye samartha haiM / he bhagavan ! Apake aise caraNakamala merA aMdhakAra dUra kro|' avazya hI tribhuvanavandanIya bhagavAnkI pavitra saMstuti bhaktajanake ajJAnatamako nAza karanemeM mUla kAraNa hai / patitapAvana prabhUke pAda-padmoMkA bhramara bana jAnese pApa-paGkameM phaMsA rahanA bilkula asaMbhava hai / prabhUkI bhakti prabhUkI vinaya pariNAmoMmeM vaha vizuddhatA lAtI hai ki svayameva hI saba saMkaTa naSTa honAte haiM aura bhaktavatsala prANI AnandasarameM gote lagAtA hai / bhagavAn pArzvanAtha eka aise hI patitapAvana upAsanIya paramAtmA the| unhoMne mohamAyAko apanese dUra bhagA diyA thA / krodha, mAna, mAyA lobha Adi mAnavI kamajoriyoMko unane pAsa phaTakane nahIM diyA thA ! bAhirI zAna-gumAnake kAraNoMko to vaha prabhU pahale hI naSTa kara cuke the| prAkRtarUpameM ve vivasana hokara nirbhIka vicaraNa karate the / jaise bAhira the, vaise bhItara the| na nAhirA dekhanemeM koI zArIrika doSa thA aura vaise hI na manameM koI maila thA, ve khUbasUrata anUThe the / prakRtike aJcalameM jyoM

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bhagavAna pArtha va mhaaviirjii| [403 nIlAkAza zobhatA hai, tyoM hI ve bhagavAna apane nIlavarNa zarIrameM apUrva sundaratAko pArahe the ! unakA saundarya apUrva thA ! saundarya hI kevala nahIM, balki ananta guNoMse pUrNa unakA cAritra anupama thA / isaliye ve khUbasUrata aura khUba sIrata donoM the / saba logoMko ve priya the / saba unako apanA svAmI kahate the| apane jIvanameM hI ve isa parama pUjya prabhutAko pahuMca cuke the| usa samayake loga hI unheM apanA parama hiteccha samajhate the yahI bAta nahIM thI, balki Aja bhI unakA nAma aura kAma usI taraha puna rahA hai aura sacamuca jabataka AstikatAkA astitva dharAtala para rahegA tabataka vaha barAbara punatA rhegaa| jIvita paramAtmAke guNagAna bhalA kaise bhulAye jAsakte haiM ? unake guNa unakA upadeza aura unakA svarUpa hara samaya aura hara paristhitike prANiyoMko sukhadAI hai unakA divya caritra isa vyAkhyAkI pragaTa sAkSI hai| ve anupama the unase akele ve hI eka the ! kamAlameM dvidhA bhAvakoM jagaha milanA asambhava hai ! kAnoMse ha nAroM nAma sune jAte haiM / parantu prabhU pArtha jaisA nAma kahIM sunanemeM nahIM AtA ! yugase vIta gaye para vaha nAma Ana bhI jItA jAgatA camaka rahA hai / unake dibya darzana pAnekA saubhAgya isa yugake kisI bhI bhavyAtmAko prApta nahIM huA hai, para to bhI unake nAmakI mAlA eka nahIM do nahIM hajAroM lAkhoM prANI japA karate haiN| so bhI kevala bhAratIya hI nahIM ! unake caraNakamaloMkA smaraNa karanevAle aMgarena bhI haiMjarmana bhI haiN| pUrva aura pazcima, duniyAMke donoM bhAgoMmeM bhagavAna ke guNagAna gAye jAte haiM ! yaha kyoM ? kyoM sarva dizAyeM prabhU pAyakI

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404] bhagavAn pArzvanAtha / advitIya kIrtise gUMja rahIM haiM ? isaliye ki unameM ananta prema thA-ananta vIrya thA-ananta jJAna thA ! saba jIvoMke kalyANakA dvAra unake bhavya darzanameM milanAtA hai / vijayalakSmI unake upAsakoMke sammukha A upasthita hotI hai; kyoMki unakA divya caritra sAmyabhAva aura utkaTa vizvapremakA pATha par3hAtA hai| unake upAsaka parama ahiMsAvratako pAlate haiM-dayAke darzana unake dainika jIvanase hote haiN| aura dayA satyakI sahodarA hai| phira bhalA kahiye ki dayApremI prabhU pArzvake upAsaka satyake hRdayameM nivAsa karate huye kyoM nahIM vijaya-lAbha kareMge ? unake sarva kArya avazya hI siddhiko prApta hoNge| prabhU pArzvakI bhakti-zrI tIrthaMkara bhagavAnakI upAsanA avazya hI manuSya jIvanako suphala banAnevAlI hai| isIlie kavi kahate haiM kiH"janaraMjana aghabhaMjana prabhupada, kaMjana karata ramA nita kel| cintAmana kalpadruma pArasa, vasata jahAM sura citrAbela / so pada sAgi mUr3ha nizivAsara, sukhahita karata kRpA anmel| nIti nipuna yoM kahaiM tAhivara, 'vAlU peli nikAlai tela // " sacamuca prabhU pArzvake pAda-padmoMkA sahavAsa chor3akara anyatra sira mAranemeM kucha phala hAtha AnekA nahIM hai| bhagavAna pArzvanAthakA pavitra jIvana hameM svAdhIna ho sacce sukhI banane kA upadeza detA hai| parataMtratAkI parAdhInatAse vilaga rahanA vaha sikhAtA hai / jIbita prANImeM ananta zakti hai-AstikoMko yaha bAta unake divya saMdezase hRdayaMgama hojAtI hai| vaha jAna jAte haiM ki kIDI-makor3I,

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upasaMhAra / [405 vRkSa-latA, sabhya-asabhya saba hI prANI samAna zaktiyoMko rakhanevAle haiM-kucha mujAyakA nahIM jo usa dazAmeM vaha hIna horahe haiM / nimitta milate hI-kAlalabdhiko pAte hI ve apanI avyakta zaktiko prakaTa kara deNge| bhagavAna pArzvanAthakA jIva eka bhavameM madamatta hAthI thA; parantu vahI saMyamamayI tyAgamArgameM lagakara trilokavandanIya paramAtmapadako prApta hogayA / isaliye kisI bhI vyaktiko heya samajhanA ghRNAkI dRSTise dekhanA anyAya mArgameM paga bar3hAnA hai / pratyeka prANI hamArA baMdhu hai-jyoM hameM jIvanapriya hai tyoM use hai-isI bhAvako bhagavAna pArzvake nikaTase grahaNa karake vizvapremakA sAmrAjya isa jagatameM sirana denA bilakula saMbhava hai / sAmyabhAvakA pracAra digaMtavyApI usI rona hogA jisa roja bhagavAna pArzvakA batAyA huA mArga logoMko dRSTi par3egA ! bAhirI cakAcauMdha meM phaMse rahanese kArya na sadhegA-rivAjoM aura kriyAkANDoMkI upAsanA karanese kucha hAtha na AyagA ! tyAga mArgameM paga bar3hAne aura saMyamako apanAnemeM hI saMsArakI mukti zeSa hai-isa bAtako isa divya caritrase gAMTha bAMdha lene meM hI kalyANa hai / bhagavAna pArzvanAthane kamaThake jIva tApasIko yahI bAta sujhAI thii| ataeva svAdhInatAke upAsakoMke lie bhagavAnakA divya jIvana usI taraha mahatva pUrNa hai jisa taraha dizAbhAnake lie nAvikoM ke lie dhruva tArA hai / sarala prAkRta jIvanasAdA libAsa aura sAdA bhojana aura hRdayameM vizvapremakA vAsa isa dharAtalako bhI svargavAsa banA detA hai, yaha vizvAsa hI trANadAtA hai ! satyake hRdayameM sadaiva banA rahanA hI sarva sukhako pAlenA hai / bhagavAna pArzvanAthajIne yahI sukhasaMdeza jagatako sunAyA thA isIliye

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406 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | unake caritra ke eka razmi prakAzako pAkara unake pavitra caritrako pUrNa karate hue Aie pAThakagaNa unake caraNoMmeM natamastaka holeM; kyoMki: -- " naranAraka Adika joni viSai, viSayAtura hoya tahAM urajhe hai / nahiM pAvata hai sukha raMca taU, parapaMca prapaMcanimaiM murajhe hai || jina pAraza soM hita prIti binA, cita ciMtita Aza kahAM surajhai hai | jiya dekhata kyoM na vicAri hiye, kahuM osakI bUMda soM pyAsa bujhe hai // itizam - OM zAntiH ! Azvina zukA 2 saM0 1983 maMgalavAsare paripUrNam / tA0 7-12-1926 /

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granthakArakA pricy| [407 andhakArakA paricaya / saMsArameM bhaTakate hue kSudra jIvakA paricaya hI kyA ? jisa prakAra aura saba jIva haiM vaisA hI yaha prANI hai ! eka hI nigodarUSI jananIke udarase janme huye bhAiyoMmeM antara hI kyA ? unameM parasthara vizeSatA ho hI kyA saktI hai ? phira merA aura terA paricaya kyA ? pudgalake saMsargameM AyA huA yaha jIva isa ananta saMsArameM nAnArUpa rakhatA hai, una vividha rUpoM ke phera meM par3anA bahurupiyeke tamAzeke dRzyase kucha adhika mahatva nahIM rakhatA ! parantu saMsArakA ahaMkAra usane deDhaba ulajhA huA hai vaha usake sArAsArako dekhane nahIM detaa| use nanara hI nahIM par3atA ki vaha to anantadarzana, anaMtajJAna, anantavIrya aura anantasukharUpa hai, siddha hai, zuddha hai, parama buddha hai / sacamuca merI anantaguNamaI samRddhi hai| dekhanemeM deha parimANa bhale hI hUM, parantu nizcaya jAno maiM asaMkhya pradezI hUM aura amUrtika hUM, anantarUpa hUM, paramAnanda hUM, sahaja hUM, nitya hUM, cidAnanda hUM, merA cetanA lakSaNa hai, maiM caitanya hUM akhaNDa hUM aura lokAlokakA prakAzaka huuN| ratnatraya mere aMgakI zobhA bar3hAte haiM / sahana svarUpako darzAkara maiM siddha samAna dedIpyamAna hUM / saMsArakI gagadveSa kAlimAse rahita zubhAzubha karmakalaMkase vihIna niSkalaMka hUM, samantabhadra hU zAsvatAnanda hUM, para hUM kahAM ? ahaMkArakA pardA phaTe aura 'so'' kI bhUmi pragaTa ho taba kahIM jo hUM so dRSTi pdduuN| Aja to duniyAM mujhe kAmatAprasAda kahakara pukAratI hai| manuSya jAtimeM merI gaNanA hotI hai, jainadharmakA mujhameM anurAga prakaTa hotA hai / maiM bhI jainI bananeke prayatnameM huuN|

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408 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | vaise janma merA aise sthAnameM huA jahAM jainamatakA nAma sunaneko nahIM thA aura bacapana bhI jinendra bhagavAnakI zaraNase dUra2 vItA para isakA artha yaha nahIM hai ki puNyodayase merA janma eka jaina kulameM nahIM huA hai ? maiM janmase jainI avazya hUM | parantu jaina kulameM janma lenese hI koI jainI nahIM hojAtA ! isIliye maiM kahatA hUM ki maiM jainI bananekI koziSameM huuN| jainadharma hai vijayamArga ! vijayI - vIra hI isako apanAneke adhikArI haiM ! manuSya meM jitanI nIcatA hai, saMsArakA jitanA ahaMkAra hai, usa sabapara vijaya pAneke liye jaba kahIM taiyArI kI jAya taba koI jainI ho ! athavA kavi 'bhASake zabdoM meM 'sakalajanopakAra sajjA sajjanatA jainI' jainI hai / - manuSya mAtra ke upakAra karanekA sajjanottama bhAva hRdaya meM jAgRta honA kaThina hai ! phira bhalA koI jainI kaise hove ? apanemeM isI bhAvako jAgRta karanekI utkaTa abhilASAse vijayI vIroM-mahAvIroMke cari meM mana paga rahA hai / zAyada maiM kabhI sacamuca jainI ho jAU~ ? phira bhalA kahiye ki isa avasthA meM merA paricaya likhane se kisIko kyA phAyadA hogA ? yaha bhI to eka ahaMkAra hai / para saMsArakI mamatA aura logoMkA kautUhala jo karAle so thor3A hai ! vaise unameM aura mujhameM athavA anya kisImeM antara hI kisa bAtakA hai| aMtarake kapATa khuleM to saccA darzana ThIka paricaya mila jAve ! mere isa vartamAna rUpakA avataraNa bhAratavarSa meM saMyukta prAMtake eka jaina kuTumbameM huA hai / usa samayakI bAta hai ki jaba mugala sAmrAjya chinna bhinna hogayA thA, taba vividha prAMtoMke zAsaka svAdhIna rAjA aura navAba bana baiThe the / pharrukhAbAda meM bhI eka aisI

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granthakArakA pricy| [409 hI navAbI thii| AgarA prAMtake jilA eTAmeM tahasIla alIgaMnake antargata maunA koTa hai| kahate haiM ki taba isI grAmake eka sajjana navAbake 'nAyaba' the aura ina nAyabake bhaNDArIkA kArya samajhiye eka jaina kuTumba karatA thaa| usI jamAne meM yaha huA ki pharrukhAbAdake navAbakA koI sambaMdhI koTake pAsa mA nikalA ! kahate haiM ki usakA nAma navAbakhAM bahAdura thaa| usane alIgaMjakI nIMva jamAI / jaba alIgaMja vasane lagA taba bahutase loga bAharase bulAkara vahAM vaptAye gaye / kahA jAtA hai ki usI samaya koTake ukta jaina kuTumbake loga bhI alIgaMja Agaye / unako yahAM bhUmi dI gaI tathA eka bAga bhI milA, jo Ajataka isa kuTumbameM hai| isa kuTumbameM eka sajnana lA0 nirmaladAsa nAmaka the| unako saMtAnameM zrI phUlacandanI nAmaka huye / koTa grAmase Aneke kAraNa yaha jaina kuTumba tabase barAbara ' koTavAle ' nAmase prakhyAta hai| vaise yaha vaizya jAtikA hai| jainoMmeM vaizya aneka upajAtiyoM meM vibhakta haiM, yaha vaMza bur3helavAla kahalAtA hai / aitihAsika zodhase mAlUma huA hai ki bur3heloMkA nikAsa lagabhaga 16vIM zatAbdameM lambakaMcuka jAtise huA thaa| laMbakaMcuka jAtikI utpatti yaduvaMzI rAjA lomakaraNakI saMtAnase huI kahI jAtI hai / vaise to dvArikAke sAtha sAre yaduvaMziyoM kA nAza hogayA thA; parantu jaratkumAra niHzeSa rahe the| vaha kaliGgameM jAkara. rAjya karane lage the / unake bAda kaliGgameM bahutase rAjA huye; parantu unameM koI bhI lomakaraNa nAmaka nahIM hai / ataH mAlUma aimA hotA hai ki yaduvaMzI rAjA bhagavAna mahAvIrake bAda kaliMgake rAjA nitazatrukI saMtAnameM koI huA

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410 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | hogA | kaliMgase ina logoMko IsavI pUrva 4 thI yA tIsarI zatAbdimeM bAhara calA jAnA par3A thA aura taba yaha lambakAJcana deza meM jArahe the / yaha deza kaliMgake nikaTa kahIM dakSiNa bhAratameM honA ucita hai | zrI samantabhadrAcAryake bhramaNa vRttAntameM dakSiNasthaM nagaroMke sAtha eka ' lAmbuza' nAmaka nagarakA ullekha huA hai / aura 1 dakSiNa meM kAMcIpura jainoMkA prAcIna kendrasthAna hai / ataeva 'lAmbuza aura kAMcIpurake madhyavartI dezakA ullekha lambakAJcana nAmase honA saMbhava ho saktA hai / isa dazA meM yahAMke nivAsI rAjabhraSTa yaduvaMziyoMkI saMtAna lambakaMcuka jAti kahI jAsaktI hai / isI jAtikA aSararUpa bur3helavAla hai / ukta kuTumba isI bur3helavAla vaMzodbhava hai / ukta zrI lA0 phUlacandajI vyApAra nimitta meraTha phuNce| vahAM eka phaujI aphasara se unakI bheMTa ho gii| ve paraspara upakRta hogaye / phUlacandanI phaunI kamasariyaTa meM kAma karane lage / dhIre2 phaunI khajAMca' hogaye, unakA pharma dUra2taka prasiddha hogayA / zrI phUlacandajI ke cAra putra the - (1) lA0 paramasukhajI, 2) lA0 kundanalAlanI, (3) lA0 jhammanalAlajI, (4) lA 0 giradhArIlAlajI / unake uparAnta yaha cAra bhAI pharma ke kAryako samucita rIti se na calA sake aura vaha pharma phela hogayA / lA * kundanalAlajIke tIna putra huye (1) zrI paM0 tejarAyajI, (2) lA0 dhannAmalanI, (3) valA0 govindaprasAdajI / ye tInoM bhAI gAnavidyA vizArada haiM; yadyapi sarvalaghu isa samaya unake bIca meM nahIM hai / paM0 tejarAyamI saMskR-jJa aura dharmajJa vayaprApta vidvAna haiN| Apake suputra bAbU aMbAprasAdajI 'miliTrI akAunTa DipArTamenTa' meM ekAunTenTa the| durbhA c

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. granthakArakA pricy| [ 411 gyase unakA gata caitramAsameM asamayameM hI svargavAsa hogyaa| lA0 giradhArIlAla nIke ekamAtra putra zrI lA0 prAgadAsanI haiN| lekhakake pUjya pitA yahI haiM, purAne pharmake phela honeke bAda pitAjI apanA eka svataMtra 'benkingarma' sthApita karanemeM saphala huye the / tabase yaha pharma barAbara cala rahA hai, cUMki isakA sambandha sarakArI phaunase hai; isaliye bhAratake vividha prAntoMmeM pharmako jAnA par3atA rahA hai| aise hI jisa samaya pitAjI sImA prAntakI chAvanI kaimpa velapurameM the, usa samaya mitI vaizAkha zuklA trayodazI budhavAra saMvat 1958ko mere isa rUpakA janma huA thaa| mAtAjI dhArmika cittavRttikI dhAraka thIM, yadyapi mujhe bacapanameM jainadharmake sAdhaka sAdhanoM kA saMsarga prApta nahIM huA; parantu mAtAnIkI dhArmikavRttine mere hRdaya meM usakA pratibimba jyoMkA tyoM aMkita kara diyaa| rAtako jaba maiM pahAra tAroMke viSayameM prazna karatA to vaha samAdhAna karatI huI mujhase yaha va halavAke sulA detIM ki 'jinavara tAre mana bhara kUce, jahAM nIva tahAM tIna kinAre / jA maMDalImeM uccare tAhi zrI pArzvanAthakI Ani, taba isakA matalaba kucha samajhameM nahIM AtA; kintu jaba Aja socatA hUM to isa sarala uktimeM jainadharmakI khAsa bAtoM kA upadeza bharA huA pAtA huuN| jinendra bhagavAna hI tAre haiM, unhIMko manameM sthApita karake tAlA baMda karado / kisI anyako hRdayake uccApana para mata baiTha'o, saMsArasAgarameM bhaTakate huye isa prANIke liye sirpha 'tIna'-ratnatraya-kinAre haiM, unheM nahIM bhUlanA caahiye| zrI pAcanAthake zAsanakI chAyAmeM saba Anandase kAlakSepa kareM ! isa sarala DhaMgase gahana upadeza bhalA aura kaise hRdayaMgama ho saktA ? isIkA

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412 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha | * pariNAma thA ki jaba haidarAbAda siMghameM maiM 'navalarAya hIrAnaMda aike'DemI' nAmaka skUla meM aMgrejI par3hatA thA, taba anya chAtra jahAM guru nAnakajIke bolameM dharmaparIkSA dete the, vahAM maiM jaina stotra aura sAmAyikapAThako sunAtA thA / isa taraha dhArmika bhAvukatAkI jar3a mere hRdaya meM bacapana se jama gaI thii| bacapana meM meraTha va alIgaMja meM maiMne hindI aura urdU par3hI thI / haidarAbAdameM maiTrikataka aMgrejIkA adhyayana kiyA thA; dUsarI bhASA phArasI thI / alIgaMja meM eka paMDita mahAzaya se saMskRta bhASA par3hanekA prayatna kiyA, para asaphala rahA / san 1911 ke lagabhaga merA vivAha kara diyA gayA / san 1918 meM mAtAjIkA svAsthya kharAba ho gayA aura unhIM kI sevAmeM vyasta rahaneke kAraNa merA adhyayana bIcameM hI chUTa gyaa| isake bAda hI mAtAnI aura patnIkA dehAMta ho gayA, ghara sUnA hogayA, hRdayameM apaneko pahicAnane kA bhAva jAgRta huA parantu vyApAra meM laga jAne se vaha jyAdA panapA nahIM ! haidarAbAdake atirikta barelI meM bhI pharmakA kArya cala nikalA / maiM barelI rahatA thA / dharmapustakoM ke dekhane kA saubhAgya mujhe sva0 kumAra devendrapra sAdanI ke vijJApanoM se prApta huA thA / unhoMne mujhe ekadama apanI saba pustakeM bheja dI thIM / maiM unakA adhyayana karatA rahA / phira mere abhinna mitra aura premI zrIyut bAbU zivacaraNalAla nIke yahA~ vedIpratiSThA mahotsava huA / usa samaya bra0 zItalaprasAdajI ma0 se bheTa huI | unhoMne jainadharmake adhyayana aura prabhAvanA ke liye utsAhita kiyA / maiM 'jaina mitra' va 'digambara jaina' maMgavAne lagA / inake par3hanese lekha likhane kA zauka huA / lekha likhe parantu satra |

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granthakArakA paricaya | [ 413 na chape / ba0 jIne utsAha varddhanArtha kinhIM 2 ko 'mitra' meM sthAna diyA / phalataH likhanA na chuuttaa| likhatA rahA to likhanA AgayA / barelImeM to kavitA racanekA bhI udyoga calatA rahatA thA / isI samaya zrImAn bAbU campatarAyanI veriSTarakI mUlyamaI racanAoM kA lAbha hindI janatAko karanekI utkaTa abhilASA se maiMne unake iMgrejIke granthoM kA hindI anuvAda karanA prArambha kara diyA / beriSTara sAne 'asahamata saMgama' ke kaI adhyAyoMkA anuvAda mujhe karane denekA avasara pradAna kiyA / yahIMse merI grantha racanAkI ora pravRtti hogaI / jaba maiM barelImeM thA taba hI merA dvitIya vivAha ho gayA / isake pahale hI maiM samAnonnati ke kAryoMmeM bhAga lene lagA thA / kAnapura aura lakhanaU kI mahAsabhA meM zAmila huA thA / mahAsabhAkI kUTanIti se mana ucaTAsA thA / tisapara dillIke adhivezanameM paMDitadalakI durnI tine samAja netAoM ko usake vimukha kara diyA / samAjakA saccA hita karane ke nAte 'bhA 0 di0 jaina pariSada' kA janma huA ! jahAM maiMne 'jainagajaTa' meM mahAsabhAkI saphalatA ke liye kaI lekha likhe the aura usake sudhAra karane kI dhuna meM thA; vahAM sudhArakA avasara na dekhakara ulTe zaktikA durupayoga samajhakara maiMne pariSadakI ora dhyAna diyaa| pariSada ke karNadhAroMne mere ayogya kandhoM para 'vIra' patrake sampAdanakA bhAra DAla diyA va yathAzakti upakA pAlana kara rahA hUM / saubhAgyase hindIke pratiSThita lekhaka usako apanAne lage haiM aura videzoM meM bhI vaha nainadharmakA paricaya karAne meM sahAyaka hai| udhara ina dinoM svAsthya hIna rahA aura tabiyata ekAMta meM magna rahane lgii| isa ekAMta meM kabhI 2 bhagavAna ke

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414 ] bhagavAna pArzvanAtha / divya caritroMko avalokana karanekA avasara milA, jisake pariNAma rUpa caritra graMtha likha gaye / iTAvAmeM mahAvIrajayaMtIpara jaba koI upayukta mahAvIracaritra na milA, taba eka caritra likhane kA sAhasa huaa| tabahIse 'bhagavAna mahAvIra' 'mahArAnI celanI' Adi karIba 1213 choTemoTe grantha likha gaye / isa samaya dhyAnAdhyayanameM hI samaya bItatA hai / bhagavAna mahAvIra viSayaka eka nibaMdhapara 'yazovijaya jaina granthamAlA'kI orase svarNapadaka milA / indaurakI nibaMdha jAMca-kameTIne 'jaina saMkhyAke hAsase bacaneke upAya' sambandhI nibaMdhoMmeM lekhakakA nibaMdha sarva prathama ThaharAyA ! udhara 'rAyala aiziyATika sosAiTI-landana'kA bhI sadasya lekhaka cunA jAcukA hai / aMgrejIke vividha bhAratIya aura videzIpatroMmeM jainadharmaviSayaka lekha pragaTa hote rahate haiN| jainoMkA koI bhI prAmANika itihAsa na honeke kAraNa taraha 2ke apamAna unheM sahana karane par3ate haiM / isa kamIko dUra karaneke liye ' saMkSipta jaina itihAsa ' kaI bhAgoMmeM likhanA prAraMbha hogayA hai aura usake do bhAga likhe bhI jAcuke / haiN| satyAnveSaNa ke bala mujhe pracalita jainadharmakA svarUpa vikRta dRSTi par3atA hai aura usake sudhArake liye maiM sadA tatpara rahatA huuN| isa sudhAra kAryako apane AsapAsa amalI sUrata dene meM mujhe apane sambaMdhiyoM takakI nAkhuzI sahana karanI pdd'ii| para maiM satyamArgase vicalita nahIM huA ! janopakArakI bhAvanA hRdayameM ja gRta rahe yahI vAMchA rahatI hai / zAyada kisI dina yaha bhAvanA mujhe saccA jainI banA de ! adhika abhI kyA likhU ? astu, vande vIram / .. -kAmatAprasAda jaina /

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7 en em bAbU kAmatAprasAdajIkRta granthabhagavAna mahAvIra ) 2) bhagavAna mahAvIra aura mahAtmA buddha 1 // ) saMkSipta jaina itihAsa prathama bhAga // 7) mahArANI ghelanI bhagavAna pArzvanAtha 2 // ) satya mArga saMkSipta jaina itihAsa dUsarA bhAga milanekA patAmainejara, digNbrjainpustkaaly-suurt|