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Study of Civakacintamani
Thus it is our opinion that the two works of Vādībhasimha are not of earlier origin than Cc. and derive a good deal of inspiration from the Cc. This would mean that the date of Vadybhasimha, if ascertained, could set the lower limit to the date of the Cc. We therefore consider the question of the date of Vadıbhasimha next.
Vādibhasimha's date has been a problem for scholars and there have been many controversial ideas about it. The references we find about him in other baoks and the references which are found in his books, help to decide that he is the contemporary of the Cola king Rajaraja 1 (A.D. 985-1016).
Pandit Bhujabali Sastril is of the opinion that Vādıbhasimba must be placed in the latter half of twelfth century A.D. and was the contemporary of Rajaraja Il (A.D. 1146-1173). He comes to this conclusion by analysing some of the inscriptions which are published by Sithala Prasad in his book Madras va Mysore Pränta ka Pracina Jaina Smāraka (The old Jaina monuments of Madras and Mysore states). But, most of the inscriptions he quotes could have been also written after Vadibhasimha's death, as they refer to him as a teacher of some one, or say that there were monuments built in his memory. The earliest dated inscription belongs to A.D. 1077. Therefore it is possible only to say that Vadibhasimha lived before this period.
In the last verse of the Kc., a name Rājarāja is mentioned. rä jatäm rajara jay'an räjarä jo mahodayaih / te jaså vayasā šūraḥ kṣatracūdamanir gunaiḥ 1/2
(May that lord of kings who is an emperor (rājaraja) by his loftiness, warrior by his lustre and his age, best of the kings by virtues, be glorious.)
There are three Rajarājas in the history of Colas, Rajari ja I (A.D. 985-1016), Rajan ja II (A.D. 1146-1173), Rājarāja III (A.D. 1218) and there is also Rajarāja Nagendra of Vengi, who was the son-in-law of Cola Rajendra I (A.D. 1022–1963). As Srikantha Sastris says, among these four kings Rājaraja I was the most famous and the one who deserves to be called Ksatracūdāmaņi. He further says that “the Tamil inscriptions mention Kşatriyașikhāmapipuram probably named after Rājarāja I, who seems to have had the tit's Ksatriya śikhāmaņi". 4
Similary when describing the country Rajapuri is bis work, Vadıbhasimha refers to it as a country which served as a model for the creator for the construction of Rajarājapurs.
tątra rajapurināma räjadhani virä ja tel rajarajapurissiau sraştur yä mātskàyste//5
There shines a capital name.Rajapuri, which serves as a model for the creator for the construction of Rajarajapuri) 2 K. Bhujabali Sastri, Jaina Siddhanta Bhaskara, Vol. VI, Part 2, 1939 pp. 79 ff. 3 Kc. 11 : 106. 1 Srikantha Sastri, Jaina Antiquary, December 1939, Vol. III; pp. 89-95, 4 Srikantha Sastri, op. cit. p. 91 5 Kc. 1 : 5.
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