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A comparative study of the Jivandhara Story...
(iii) In the Up., the father of Gandharvadatta knew that his daughter was going to get married to Jivandhara.1 But in the Cc., till Civakan won Kantaruvatattai in the lute competition, nobody knew that she was going to marry Civakan. As the Cc, omits the section in which Matisagara, the minister of Garudavega, related the future of Gandharvadatta, this section is also excluded.
Difference found between the Up. and the Ce.
(i) According to the Up., Gandharvadatta's father Garudavega, who was skilled. in diplomacy, became the mediator between the parties who were fighting and pacified them. This event is not found in the Cc. Here Civakan fought with his enemies and defeated them.
4. Kupamalaiyar ilampakam
As will be shown later in the section about characters, 3 the names Guņamālā and Suramanjari are interchanged. The story of Gupamala in the Cc. is narrated as the story of Suramanjarı and vice versa in the Up. Except for the change in names, all the other incidents are more or less the same.
During the spring the citizens of Rajapuram went to enjoy sports. Two friends. Suramañjarī and Gunamālā started an argument over their scented powder. Their maids took the powders and went to Jivandhara for judgement. Jivandhara. decided that the powder of Suramanjari (Kunamālai in the Cc.) was the better one. To prove it he took both powders in his hands and scattered them. A swarm of bees, attracted by the sweet smell, ate the powder of Suramanjari. Both girls departed. After this incident, some naughty boys harassed a dog, and the dog out of fear jumped into a pond, and there it was about to die. Jivandhara had it retrieved and spoke into its ears the words of veneration. As soon as it heard the words of veneration it became a yakṣa called Sudarjana. Sudarjana asked Jivandhara to think of him whenever he was in any calamity. Having said that he returned to his abode.
When Suramanjari was returning home after the sports, the elephant Ajanivega became intoxicated and ran towards the carriage of Suramanjari. Using his skill Jivandhara controlled the elephant. From the time of this incident Suramanjari fell in love with Jivandhara. Her parents, who came to know about her love, gave her in marriage to Jivandhara with the permission of his foster-parents.
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The wicked king Kaṣṭhāngāraka attacked Jivandhara with an army for humiliating his elephant. When Jivandhara defeated that army, Kasthängaraka, sent another army,4 As Jivandhara thought that there was no use in fighting and killing the innocent army, he remembered his friend the yaksa and went with him to his abode. Variations found in the Kunamalaiyar ilampakam
(i) According to the Up., after hearing the judgement made about the the scented powders by Civakan, the two girls went away without any enmity. But in the Co.,
3 Infra.
1 Up. loc. cit. vv. 310-312.
4 This is only narrated in the Up.
2 Up. loc. cit. v. 343.
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5 Up. loc. cit. v. 354.
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