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The Jainas and the Western Scholar
131
Doctrines of the meraka in Kamta, Praarganasara, sec
N
10 Religions of Ancient India, P 119 This observation made in 1956 is still valld to
day. A recent thirty minute video tape on Jainism by David Knipc (Department of South Asian Studies, University of Wisconsin, Madison) deyotes less than three minutes to the Digambaras, who constitute more than 40% of the total Jaina popula
tion 11 "Arvikas' by A FR. Hoernle in Encyclopaedia of Religian and Ethics, Vol I (Now
York 1913) pp. 259–268, History and Doctrines of the Arvikas (London 1951) pp 181 ff Portions quoted from Bhāvasangraha in Kamta Prasad Jain's Bhagavan Mahaygra aur Mahātma Buddha (Surat 1929), p 20 For Daršanasara, see AN dhye's article 'Darkanasära of Devasena Critical Text,' in the Annals of B, O , Vol.
XV, 3-4, pp 198-206 14 We quote below the relevant portions from the texts of Devasena (a) Masayarl-Parana-risimo uppanno Pāsanaha-titthammi
sirl-Vira-samarasarane agahyajhuninā ulyattena 1 vahl-nig gahena uttam majjham eyarasanga-dharissa nlggal jhunt na aruho niggaya vissāsa-sisassa // na munal jina-kahiya-suyam sampai dikkhaya gahiya Goyamaa
vippo veyahbhāsy famhà mokk ham na nānão || Bhāvasangraha, 76-8 (b) sirl-Varanaha-titthe bahussudo Päsasamgha-gant-s180/
Makkada-Parana-sahu anņānam bhāsae loe // annānado mokkho param natthi tri mutta-Jiyūnam! punaragamanam bhamayam bhave bhave patthł fivassa lI.. fina-magsa-bahiram jam taccam samdaristana pava-mano/ ricca-nigoe patto satto mafjesu viviesu || Darsanasāra, 20-3.
Tha Digambara version of Makhbal's fall into the nitya-nigoda seems to reflect an ancient and well-known tradition attested in Buddhaghosa's commentary to the Puggala-paflaatit "sakim mimusgo nimnggo va hotel. etassa hi puna bhavato vurphanam Rāma natthuri vadanl Makkhall-gosaladayo niya hertha herpha rarakaggham yeva ahara honti (71) Also see iny article 'On the Saulrantika theory of bitja,
BSO AS, Vol XXII, Part 2 (London 1959) P 246, 1 2 15 See my article. "Predestination in Jainism & Buddhism the Doctrines of bhavyatra
and abhavyatva,' awaiting publication in the Bhagawan Mahavira and his Teachings,
Bombay 16 Edited by Pandit Phoolchandra Siddhantasliastri, Shri Todarmal Granthemala, Jaipur. 17 Max Weber The Religion of India (Tr and edited by Hans H Gerth and Don
Martindale), The Free Press, New York 1958, pp 193-204 18 Nevaskar : Capitalists without Capitalism (The Jains of India & the Quakers of the
West), Connecticut 1971 19 R. Williams Jalna Yoga, London 1963,
Religion af Ancient India, P 114, 21 A particularly noteworthy instance of such relations may be found in the Punjab,
where, at the begining of this century, the Jaina community was overwhelmed by the Arya-hamaj in their drive for integration of the Hindu Society. "The more one studios Jainism, the more one 19 struck with the pathos of its empty heart. The Jalnas believe strongly in the duty of forgiving others, and yet
have no hope of forgiveness from a higier power for themselves" (p. 289). - 23 Jagmanderinl Jaini A Review of the Heart of Jainism, Ambala 1925, 24 Srimad Rajachandra, Agas 1951, pp 924
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