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THE BHASA-LAKSANA CHAPTER OF GITALAŃKĀRA HC Bhayanl
(Dedicated to the memory of Dr. A. N. Upadhye) 1. Introduction*
The Gitalankara, traditionally ascribed to Bharata, is a work on music It has been edited by Danièou and Bhatt from a single manuscript 1 The date of the work is not known. The editors are of the opinion that the Gutalankara is an ancient work, much earlier than the Natyasastra of Bharata, but the view considering it as a very late work is well-founded.
The last chapter of the Gitalankara numbered fifteenth and called Bhaşalakṣaṇa, gives a long list of Prakrit dialects and devotes one Gatha to each of them to illustrate a few of their characteristic words. The dialect list is in Sanskrit (like all the earlier chapters), but the illustrative verses aro in Prakrit.
It was S. M. Katre who first pointed out in 1939 the importance of this chapter of the Gitalahkara. He presented a list of the names of Prakrita given in the Gitalankara and published the text of the fifteenth chapter Now we have an edition of the whole work.
The text of the fifteenth chapter of the GT., especially that of its Prakrit portion is very badly preserved in its only available manuscript It is highly corrupt and full of serious errors, so much so that neither Katre nor Daniélou and Bhatt could attempt a translation or even a summary of the contents of the illustrative verses The text as it stands appears mostly chaotic On the face of it, it does not seem possible to make out any connected sense even from single lines or their portions. Under the
Abbreviations used.
ABH. Hemscandra's Abhidhanacintamani, edited and translated in Gujarati by Vijayakastura Suri, 1957 DB The text of the Prakrit portion of the Gitalankara as given by Danielou and Bhatt DN Hemacandra's Desṛnāmamala edited by R Pischel, second edition by P. V, Ramanujaswami, 1938 GT Gtalankara. Guj Gujarati. H. Hindi. IAL.. Turner's Comparative Dictionary of Indo-Aryan Languages MW: Monier Williams' Sanskrit Dictionary. PL.: Dhanapala's Palalacchinamamala edited by Bühler, translated in Hindi by Bechardas Doshi, 1960. PS. Prakyta-sarvasva of Markandeya, edited by K. C. Acharya, 1968 PSM H, Sheth's Palasaddamahangavo The reconstructed text of the Prakrit portion of the Gralankara SH: Hemacandra's Prakrit Grammar (the eighth chapter of the Sladkahemasabdanusasana) edited by P L. Valdya, 1958. SK. Sanskrit. SMP. A critical study of Mahapurana of Puspadanta by R. N. Shriyan, 1969.
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