Swadhyay 1991 Vol 28 Ank 01 02

Author(s): R T Vyas
Publisher: Prachyavidya Mandir Maharaja Sayajirao Vishvavidyalay
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/536109/1

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra ZE dI pA tsa vI ne vasaMta paMcamI vi. sa. 2046-47 ( my lefolah tale, les he le leo TllelpXote_l>krej) www.kobatirth.org UIZ svAdhyAya ane saMzAdhananuM traimAsika phakta 28 THE MAHARAJA ay's 2-2 EXCHANGE COPY SAYA JIRAO HARAJA SAYAJI UNIVERSITY OF satyaM zivaM sundarama DhAMkanI brahmAmUrti prAcyavidhA mandira, mahArAnta sayAjIrAva vizvavidhAlaya, vaDodarA BARODA sa'pA daka rAmakRSNa tu vyAsa niyA ma ka, prAcyavidyA mandira, vArA

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saMDera prAcIna maMdiranA taLano nakazo [plehleep,bel>lbl> ltf ele g* Tle [[** ]]><9] ] citra 1 bhadrezvaranA lekha [citranI samajUtI mATe jUe A aMkamAM varlDa ga. AnIne lekha ]

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svA dhyA ya. (dIpensavI ane vasaMtapaMcamI ) pustaka ra8H aMka 1-2 vi. saM. 2046-47 okaTobara 1990-phebuArI 1991 prakAMka 1 veda bhASyakAra veMkaTa mAdhava-esa, jI. kAMTAvALA * 1-12 2 vAjasaneyi-mAdhyadina-saMhitAmAM hiraNyastuti maMtro 13-16 3 "aitareya-AraNyaka'mAM vaidika mahAvrata' vidhinAM saMdarbha, svarUpa ane mahatta--amRta upAdhyAya * 17-20 4 RvedamAM maharSi vAmadeva-madhumAlatI ga. trivedI * 21-26 5 allopaniSadvayam-. azA 42 * 2-34 6 prAcIna vizvamAM eka vihaMgAvalokana-bI. je. sAMDesarA * 35-40 7 DhAMkanI brahmAmUrti-narottama palANa * 41-46 8 saMDeranuM prAsolaMkIkAlIna maMdira-navInacaMdra AcArya * 47-48 9 vAtana zivimAna zata: sa gAhI? -prIti mahetA * 49-para | siddharAja siMhane kaccha-bhadrezvaranA cokhaMDA mahAdevane vi. saM. 119pane zilAlekha-varSA ga. jAnI * 53-56 11 saMskRta nATayazAstramAM nAyaka para visaMvAda-ema. pI. kAkaDiyA . 5762 para yitrI sItA-Ara. pI. mahetA For Private and Personal Use Only

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13 kavi khabahAranI gavalI-dharmendra ma. mAstara - 67-80 14 pAraDI kheDa satyAgraha- guNavaMta je. desAI * 8-92 15 zrImadda upendrAcAryajI racita "zrIkaNakatIsaMvAda" saMracanAnI dRSTie-kRSNakAMta kaDakiyA 93-104 16 nivApAMjali 105-110 17 graMthAvalokana 111-132 18 sAbhAra svIkAra *. 13-134 For Private and Personal Use Only

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*sh / 5[ / dIpAsavI ane vasaMtapaMcamI vi. sa. 2046-47 navembara 1991-phebruArI 1992 RgvedabhASyakAra veMkaTamAdhava Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir pu. 28 aka1-2 surezacaMdra gA, kAMTAvALA prastAvanA : bhAratIya sAhitya, prAcIna bhAratIya sAhitya ane saMskRta sAhityamAM Rgveda saMhitA sauthI prAcIna graMtha che. prAcIna bhAratamAM dvijane mATe vedAdhyayana Avazyaka ane jiyAta gaNavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. bhAratamAM vedAdhyayananI paraparA prAcIna kALathI AjasudhI avicchinna rahI che ane jaLavAi rahI che, paraMtu vedanI keTalIka zAkhAe lupta thaI che ane keTalIka vaidika zAkhAnA vaidiko arvAcIna kALamAM duSprApya thatA jAya che. vividha vaidika graMtho uparathI anumAna karI zakAya ke vedAdhyayanamAM vedanA artha samajavAnI AvazyakatA svIkAravAmAM AvI hatI. brAhmagrasAhitya, AraNyakasAhitya, upaniSatsAhitya, temaja nirukta ItyAdi thAmAM vedanA vividha maMtrAnuM ane zabdonuM vyAkhyAna maLe che ; padapATha paNa vedanA arthaghaTanamAM amuka rIte pradAna noMdhAve che. vividha vaidika graMtheAnA TIkAkAroe ane bhASyakArAe temanI dRSTie vaidA ghaTanamAM potAnuM kImatIpradAna ApyuM che. arvAcIna kALamAM bhAratIya ane pAzcAtya vidvAnoe ane vedavidyAe vedanA arthaghaTana paratve potAnA vidvattApUrNa kALo noMdhAvyuM che ane mAMdhAve che. For Private and Personal Use Only 'svAdhyAya ', pu. 28, aka 1-2, dIpeotsavI vasaMtapa'camI aMka, navembara 1991phebruArI 1992. pR. 1-12. *rAjasthAna saMskRta akAdamInA Azraye nAthadvArA ( rAjasthAna) mukAme tA. 29-2-12, 1-4-92 ane 2-3-92ne rAja samAyojita "akhila bhAratIya vaidika samelana ane vedazAkhAra saMgeTTI "mAM rajU karela zeAdhapatrane AdhAre. * zrIrAma ', krAMtArezrvara mahAdevanI pALe; bAjavADA, vAdarA-390001

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surezacaMdra che. kAMTAvALA vedArthaghaTana mATenA vividha pravanene itihAsa prAcIna kALa sudhI pahoMce che. prAcIna vedavyAkhyAnakArone be vibhAgamAM vahecI zakAya -(1) saMpUrNa saMhitA ane anya vedikagraMtha upara TIkA/bhAvanA racayitAe, dA. ta. sAyagrAcArya (I. sa. caudamI sadI) ane (2) pasaMda karelA maMca upara TIkA/bhAvanA racayitAo; dA.ta. hAyudha (I.sa. 1178 thI 6 1205 , temaNe "brAhmasarvasava"mAM gRha pagI lagabhaga 400 manTo upara vivaraNa lakhyuM che.' sAyaNa bhAgyamAM vaMkaTamAdhavane ulekha : vedanA bhASyakAramAM ane anya vedaka maMthanA bhaNakArAmAM sa.vaNAyAnuM eka viziSTa sthAne che. RgavedanA anya bhAkhyakAro-kaTamAdhava, uddagItha, muddagala, skandasvAmI-nAM bhAge pakAzita thayAM che, jayAre bhaTTa gevinda jevA bIjA bhASyakAranAM bhASyo/TIkAe atyAra sudhI prakAzita thayAM nathI. ulzItha, muzala ane skandasvAmInAM samagra javeda uparanAM bhAgyo upalabdha nathI, paraMtu vedanA amuka bhAga upara temanAM vyAkhyAna upalabdha che. sAyaNAcAryane pUrvavata veMkaTamAdhavanuM samagra javeda upara bhASya prakAzita thayeluM che. kadanA bhAgyakAromAM vyAkhyAnakAra mAM veMkaTamAdhava/mAdhavabhaTTa sAyaNAcAryanA pUrvavatI hovAne kAraNe sAyaNAcAryanA pUrvavatI bhASyakAra/TIkAkAmAM mahattvapUrNa sthAna bhegave che. sAyaNAcArya veda : 0.8 6.1nA pitAnA bhAgyamAM veMkaTamAdhavane abhiprAya TAMkatAM jaNAve che ke - "mAdhavabhaTrAstU "vi hi sotora" ityeSagindrANyA vAkyamiti manyante / uparyukta Rpha nIce mujaba che - vi hi sotosRkSata nendra devamamaMsata / yatrAmadadvaSAkapiraryaH puSTeSu matsakhA vimA : In Rveda 10.86.1. A sivAya veMkaTamAdhava aMge i. sa. 1929 sudhI koIpaNa vizeSa mAhitI upalabdha na hatI. veMkaTamAdhavakRta "gathadIpikA" (vedabhASya)ne prakAzanano itihAsa: . che ? : I. sa. 1929 ane I. sa. 1935mAM "trivendrama saMskRta graMthamAlA"mAM TAvara sarakAre vedanA prathamASTakanA pahelA be adhyAya upara skanda svAmI ane veMkaTamAdhavanA vyAkhyAna - saMthakamAMka 96 ane 11pamAM prakAzita karyA. AnuM be bhAgamAM saMpAdana sAdhya zAstrIe 1. Gonda Jan, Vedic Literature, Vol. I, Fasc. I (History of Indian Literature, Otto Harrassowitz, Wiesbaden, legy, 4.. 36. . For Private and Personal Use Only

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sadabhAgyakAra 'kaTamAdhava karyuM. I. sa. 1939 ane 1947mAM kulhana rAjAe " ayAra graMthamAlA"mAM (granthakramAMka 22 ane 61 ) RgavedanA prathamASTakanA prathama be adhyAya upara pheMkTamAdhavanuM ane mAdhavabhaTTanuM bhAgya prakAzita karyuM. i. sa. 194ramAM trAvaNakara vizvavidyAlaye trivendramathI "trivendrama saMskRta graMthamAlA ''mAM (pranthakramAMka 147) ela. e. ravivarmA saMpAdita RvedanA prathamASTakanA trIjA adhyAya sudhInuM veMkaTamAdhavaracita bhASya prakAzita karyuM. I. sa. 19 19, 1941, 1943 " ane 1955 mAM lakSmaNa svarUpe RvedanA sAtamA maMDaLa sudhInuM veMkaTamAdhavanuM bhASya prakAzita karyuM; dazamA maMDala sudhInA bhASyanI presapI temaNe tayAra karI hatI. paraMtu bhAratanA bhAgalAnA samaye A presapI lAhoramAM aprApya rIte guma thaI gaI. i. sa. 1965mAM ane ane tyAra pachInA varSomAM vizvabaMdhu zAstrIe hoziyArapura (paMjAba)thI "vizvarAnaMda vadika zodhasaMsthAna" dvArA ATha bhAgamAM veMkaTamAdhavaracita kada uparanuM "RgarthadIpikA" nAmaka bhASya "vizvarAnaMda-bhArata-bhAratI-graMthamAlA"mAM (graMthakramAMka 19-26) prakAzita karyuM. A graMthAvalimAM veMkaTamAdhavanI vyAkhyA sAthe skandasvAmI, ugatha ane mugalacita vyAkhyAo paNa temaNe prakAzita karI. I. sa. 1968nuM varSa veMkaTamAdhava mATe ane vedasiko mATe atizaya mahatvapUrNa banI rahyuM; kAraNake uparyukta cAreya bhASyanA saMpAdanakAryanI ane prakAzanakAryanI pUrNatAnI ghoSaNA kaTobara 1968mAM vizvabaMdhuzAstrIe vArANasImAM "saMpUrNAnaMda saMskRta vizvavidyAlaya 'nA Athaye jAyela "akhila bhAratIya prAcyavidyA pariSa'nA cAvIsamAM saMmelanamAM svakIya pramukhIya bhASaNamAM karI jIvanavRtAMta : saMskRta sAhityanA lekhake, dA.ta. bhAsa, kAlidAsa, vagere sAmAnyarIte pitAnA vize temanA graMthamAM mAhitI ApatA nathI; paraMtu bhavabhUti, bANa, jevA alpasaMkhyaka lekhake potAnA gharamAM potAnA vize thoDIghaNI mAhitI Ape che. "RgarthadIpikA'mAM veMkaTamAdhava AtmakathApaka mAhitI ekaja sthAnamAM ApatA nathI; paraMtu vividha achaMdAnA vividha adhyAyanI antimakArikAomAM Ape che; Ama chUTaka ApelI mAhitI anusAra temanuM vanavRtAMta nIce pramANe rajU karI zakAya - mAdhavanA pitAnuM nAma veMkaTArya hatuM (draSTaka, zrI vairArthau tanayo mAdhavAcaH | garthadIpikA, pR. 2433, 30 03, 3453) ane pitAmahanuM nAma mAdhava hatuM (kaccha kaH zrImAdhavAi ! ejana, pR. 1935, 2705, 282 6). temanA kula (gotra pravara)nuM nAma zika hatu (STravya zivanAM ane nANAM mApava: mukavarIyuta / ejana, pR. 2295). teo pitAnA kulane ulekha jafghana suta ( dravya ejana-pR. 2340 ), nAnA | dravya ejana, pR. 1735 ), jonapura (draSTravya ejana pR. 828), rAyata Conference, 24th 2 Proceedings of the All-India Oriental Varanasi, October (1968), 1972, pR. 10. session. For Private and Personal Use Only

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rApara khe. kAMTAvALo ( dravya ejana, pR. 2656) yaju(drajanya : ejana, pR. 990), rohita kula dravya ejana, pU. 576, 2478, dudhanIya nau, ena, pR. 1735), bharatakula ( vya jana, pU. 30, 2523, 138, tatvane), e pramANe paNa kare che. temanI mAtAnuM nAma sundarI hatuM. ane te vAsika kulanA bavAlanI putrI hatI. (bdha rAtA ramAya mAne sunvarI camagInanam / ejana, pR. 3040; mAdhava: mundrarImuta: / ejana, pR, 3772; duhitA moLAva mutarI amInanana/ejana, pR. 1576, 32880 maLonAM ca mAnuht samayaH / ejana, pR. 3161, mitrAvaruLayorje le ! ejana, pR. 3078, 1401; vasiSThane ejana, pR. 1358; kunikula, " ejana, pR. 1449, 3120, dhananArA kula, janma ejana, pR. 3212 )OM. sarlR veDhamAdhavanA nAnAbhAI hatA ane te " ka " tarIke pappu, jANInA hatA (vya ejana, 1, 1218, 2916 ), veTamAdhavane be putro hatA; meTA putranuM nAma hatuM vinDa ane bIjA putranuM nAma hatuM vaikaTa ( nyU ejana-pR. 1262, 2964 ). veMkaTamAMdhavanuM vaMzavRkSa nIce pramANe raju karI zakAya : - bhavagAla = ' / sArI no kaTa kAnti mAdhava = 0 , 1 mAdhava ( veMkaTamAdhava ) = 0 veTa Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir 1 saMkaNu keTalAka kuTamAM evA maLe che, tema ahIM paNa putranuM nAma pitAmahanA nAmathI ke ApavAmAM AvyuM che. For Private and Personal Use Only OM draSTa Sharma Umesh Chandra, The ViSvamitras and the Vasisthas, Viveka Publications, Aligarh, 1975, pR. 38, 62, 63, 104; matsyapurANa, 197.36 198.15; ziyALAnI sidhdhezvara, gAmAna caritrANa, ( hindI ), sAratIya caritra maMDala, punA, 1114, 4, 145, 154.

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dabANakAra 'mAdhaka dakSiNApathanA dhanadhAnyathI samRddha celadezamAM kAverInadInA dakSiNa kinAre Avela " gomata" nAmanA gAmanA teo nivAsI hatA. (draSTa ejana, pR. 3704, 3748, 3787, 3891, 3836, 1800, 1953, 2003). kanvedabhASyanuM zIrSaka: Rveda uparanA vyAkhyAnane vekaTamAdhava agarthadIpikA' evuM nAmAbhidhAna kare che (draSTa ejana, pR. 3003, 3453, 938, 1306); vaLI teo potAnA A vyAkhyAnane "vyAkhyAna' tarIke paNa oLakhAve che. A saMdarbhamAM teo vi + a + / hayA (draSTa e jana, pR. 3519 ), upa + + +/(draSTravya ejana, pR. 3748) zabda prayoga kare che. samaya : * vaMkaTamAdhava "RgarthadIpikA'mAM jaNAve che ke teo "ekavIra" (pAThabheda: "ekadhIra" ejana, pR. 3658, mahArAjanA rAjyamAM sukhethI rahetA hatA. (kagvya ejana, pR. 1882, 3658, 3704). upara jaNAvyuM tema, teo cAladezanA rahevAsI hatA; eTale "ekavIra" mahArAja cela samrATa hoI zake. celavaMzanA rAjAonI vaMzAvalimAMthI nIce jaNAvela pAMca rAjAonAM nAma "vIra" hatAM (1) vIra rAjendra (2) vIra calA (3) vIra cala (4) vIra cala (5) vIra rAjendra sana 1062-1070 sana 1078-1088 sana 1135-1149 sana 1183-1206 sana 12 07-1255 * * afriggers " upara lakSmaNasvarUpa lakhe che : "Madhava follows the southern method in his explanation" ( Nirukta : Indices & Appendics, Introduction, University of Punjab, Lahore, 1929. y. 40) ane A sandarbha mAM paM. bhagavadatta ane satyavA jaNAve che ke - " ni:sattera verAvaLa tAlibAhya vAtoSa naThThI thI " | (hi tAkamayaai " tAla, turA mar, veva mAdhyal2, gvAna, ti, 2676, pR para, Visaya): you. Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society, Bahglore, Vol. XXI, No. 1, July, 1930, pR. 44-46. 4 5864, Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society, Banglore Vol. XXI,, No. 1, July, 1930, pR. 44-46. For Private and Personal Use Only

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surezacaMdra che. kAMTAvALA " vaMkaTamAdhave je antima rAjA vIra rAjendranA samayamAM thayA hoya, te te vikramanI teramI zatAbdimAM thayA hoya; ane je te koI AgaLanA vIra rAjAnA samayamAM thayuM hoya, te tene samaya AnAthI pUrvene hoI zake " paM. bhagavadatta ane satyazravA uparyukta be vikalpo rajU kare che ane prathama vika95ne svIkAre che; arthAta temane samaya "lagabhaga saMvata 11001200 " ne temanA mate 4.7 kundana rAjA "durlora "ne "ghAmata gghana" mAne che. Ane ulekha eka abhilekhamAM "thora thI che; ane tene samaye I. sa. 90-952 che; tethI veMkaTamAdhavane samaya IsavI sananI navamI athavA dazamI zatAbdi gaNAvI zakAya. lakSamaNa svarUpa veMkaTamAdhavane IsunI dazamI zatAbdimAM mUke che. je "gvIro"ne "vIrAjendra prathama " gaNavAmAM Ave, te "gvIra "ne samaya agiyAramI sadI thaze, kAraNa ke "vIra rAjendra' ne samaya sana 1062-1070 che; tethI zakaya che ke kaTamAdhava dazamI zatAbdinA uttarArdhamAM ane agiyAramI sadInA pUrvArdhamAM thayA hoya; ahIM eTaluM kahevuM paDaze ke 'kaTamAdhavane ekadama kakasa samayanirNaya kara saheluM nathI; paraMtu eTaluM kahI zakAya ke veMkaTamAdhava skanda svAmI (IsunI sAtamI sadI) ane uddagItha (prAyaH skandasvAmInA samakAlavata )ne uttarakAlavata che ane sAyaNAcArya (InI caudamI sadI)nA pUrva kAlavatI che. 10 devarAja vAvo (lagabhaga saMvata 1370 ) pitAnA nidhaTubhASane uddhAtamAM vaMkaTamAdhavanuM smaraNa kare che. (dravya zrI rAtanA rAghavastha mAththata...nirIksa jiyate ) 11 6 paM. bhagavadratta ane satyazravA, ejana, pR. 49. 7 paM. bhagavadratta ane satyazravA, ejana pR. 45. 8 kuhanarAja, gavaeNdAnukramaNI, upaddhAta, madrAsa, pR. 27; Proceedings of the Fifth Indian Oriental Conference, pR. 246; draSTa... Ram Gopal, The History and Principles of Vedic Interpretation, Concept Publishing Company, New Delhi, 1983, pR. 102. 9 lamaNuM svarUpa, ejana, pR. 34; rAmagopAla, ejana, pR. 102. 10 draSTaya rAmage pAla, ejana, pU. 102; 5. bhagavadga ane satyavAnA mate skandaravAmIne samaya lagabhaga saMvata 187 athavA I.sa. 630 (ejana, pR. 24) ane ugIthane samaya lagabhaga saMvata 187(ejana, pR. 42) che. khAMDAnA mate skandasvAmIne samaya i. sa. 600 athavA 650 che. ( draSTabhya Gonda Jan, ejana pR. 40), AcArya baladeva upAdhyAyanA matAnusAra veMkaTa mAdhavane samaya 1200 vikrama saMvatanI AsapAsane lAge che, (vivAhiya mora saMdajAti, rarakAri, vArANasI, 67, pR. 61). paMDita sAmbazivazAstrI veMkaTamAdhakane samaya I.sa. 1850 thI 1150 ne mAne che. (draSTabhya AcArya baladeva upAdhyAya, ejana, pR. 61 ). 11 paM. bhagavadratta ane satyazravA, ejana, pR. 48. For Private and Personal Use Only

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dabhASyakAra kaTamAdhava bRhabhASya ane laghubhASya : kundana rAjae "aphavAralAyabrerI graMthamAlA" mAM RgavedanA prathamASTaka uparanuM veMkaTamAdhavanuM bhASya prakAzita karyuM che. A AvRttimAM "bRhadda-rUpAntara ("A") (version) ane ladhu rUpAntara(version) ApavAmAM AvyAM che. sAyaNAcArye Rda 10.86nA bhASyamAM mAdhavabhaTTanA bhASyane ullekha kare che. ( dravya mAdhavamaTTAtu...ti ) ahIM "be mAdhava' ne prazna upasthita thAya che. uparyuMkata baMne bhASyamAM-eTale "bahadubhASya " ( bRhadrUpAntara ) ane "laghubhASya" (laghu-rUpAna)mAM keTaleka sthaLe zAbdika sadazya jovA maLe che ane A zAbdika sadazyanAM sthaLe bhinnatAnAM sthaLA karatAM adhika che. "bRhaddabhASya " vikatRta che ane temAM uddhara ane udAharaNe vadhAre che, jayAre " laghubhASya " atisaMkSipta che ane temAM maMtro upara anuvAdAtmaka vyAkhyAna che ane temAM zabdavistAra nathI." devarAja yajavA potAnA " nidhaTubhASya " (1, 14. 18 )mAM veda 9. 97 54 ( mahIme asya' vRSanAma' zUSe mA~zcatye vA pRzane vA vadha / asvApayannigutaH gharavADAmitra vArita ata: in )nA vivaraNamAM veMkaTamAdhavanA "prathama bhASya ne ullekha kare che ane A banne vyAkhyAne maLatAM Ave che, ema te (eTale ke devarAja yajavA ) jaNAve che. A "bhASya " " sAyaNabhASya"nI sAthe paNa maLatuM Ave che; A uparathI anumAna karI zakAya ke veMkaTamAdhave be bhASya racyAM hAyaH 1. viratRta-(bRhad ) bhASya ane 2. saMkSapta-laghu ) bhAgya, arthAta "RgarthadIpikA," ke je saMpUrNa javeda upara upalabdha che ane A vistRta-(bRhad ) bhASya, ke je RgavedanA prathamASTaka sudhI prApta che. AnA uparathI anumAna karI zakAya ke veMkaTamAdhave javeda upara potAnI saMkSipta vyAkhyA " garthadIpikA "nuM racanAkArya pahelAM pUruM karyuM haze ane pachIthI vistRta vyAkhyA (bahabhAkhya) racavAne AraMbha karyo haze. A mahAna kAryane teo potAnA jIvanakALa daramiyAna saMpUrNa karI na zakyA hoya, 12 zabdasaMkSepanA vize dravya - vajaMcana visara... haiH siriti (draSTavya lakSamaNa svarUpa, ejana, pR. 70; paM. bhagadatta ane satyazravA, ejana, pR, 55. ) 14 draSTa" rAmapAla, ejana, pR. 100; paM. bhagavata ane satyavA, ejana, . paka, kutvanarAjanA mate A " "mAdhava " bhinna che, (draSTavya, rAmagopAla, ejana, pR. 99 ). anya mata pramANe bRhadbhAganA kartA "RgarthadIpikA "nA kartA veMkaTamAdhavanA pitAmaha hatA. Cavou S. S. Joshi, The Problem of Madhava in the Rgveda Commentaries, Proceedings of the All-India Oriental Conference, 12th Session, Benares Hindu University, Benares (1943-44), 1946 ( BHU ), Vol. of II, pR. 251, ahIMyA eTaluM te kahevuM paDaze ke je bRhadbhAgyanA kartA veMkaTamAdhavanA pitAmaha hoya, te veMkaTamAdha pitAnI bannararthadIpikA "mAM temAMthI uddhAraNe ApyAM hatA ane/athavA te temane ulekha paNa karyo hata; paraMtu temaNe (vaMTamAdhave) AvuM kazuM ja nathI. . . . . . . " For Private and Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra .. surezacaMdra gA. kAMTAvALA ane tethI te kA apUrNa rahyuM. bIjI ema paNuM anumAna karI zakAya OM vaiMkaTamAdhave saMpUrNa Rgveda upara '' vistRta ( bRhad ) bhASya '' racyuM hAya, paraMtu prathamASTakathI AgaLanA bhAga durbhAgyavazAt kAlanA gamAM lupta thai gayA hoya. atre vallabhAcAryanA brahmasUtra uparanA bRhaddamA ane " aNubhASya 'nA bhASyayanI samasyA saheje yAda Ave ema che. 19 www.kobatirth.org agnimILe purohitaM ' Rga dIpikAnI zailI : - RgadIpikA ''nI vyAkhyAnazazailI atizaya sakSipta che. jema sAyaNAcAya potAnA Rgveda uparanA '* vedA prakAza '-bhASyamAM je te RcAonA pratyeka zabda uddhRta kare che, tema vekaTamAdhava Rga dIpikA 'mAM je te RcAonA pratyeka zabda uSkRta karatA nathI. te vyAkhyAnamAM kAIka koIka vAra koika koka mantranA zabda zabdonA paryAyavAcaka athavA vyAkhyAnavAcaka zabda/zabdo ja Ape che, dA. ta.:-~~ Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir yajJasya devamRtvijam / DhotA rahtavAsamam // Rgveda 1. 1. 1. veMkaTamAdhava " Rga'dIpikA ''mAM A yAnuM vyAkhyAna A pramANe kare che-- agniM staumi / puro nihitamuttaravedyAM yajJasya dyusthAna sve sve kAle devAnAM yaSTAraM hAtAraM devAnAM ramaNIyAnAM dhanAnAM dAtRtamam / vai'kaTamAdhava ahIM vyAkhyAnamAM sakSipta che, e suspaSTa che. jayAre A jhyA uparanuM sAyaNAbhASya vistRta che (-anya RRyA upara paNa vistRta hoya che-)14 e suvidita che. sAyaNAcArya potAnA RgvedabhASyamAM vyAkaraNa viSayaka, viniyogaparaka, chandeviSayaka RtyAdi mAhitI Ape che, temaja bIjA vaidika ane anya graMthAmAMthI potAnA vidhAnanA/samajUtInA samarthanamAM uddharaNA Ape che; dA. ta. Rgveda 1. 1. 1nA bhASyamAM tathA ca zrUyate anine levAnAM hotA '--A aitareya brAhmaNu ( 3. 14 )nuM vidhAna TAMka che. 1 samu' pU'SNa gamemahi' yo N gRhA~ abhizAsti ima kheti ja vat // Rgveda 6. 54. 2 , For Private and Personal Use Only 4 atre e noMdhavuM joIe RgvedanA navama ma'Dala ( " pAnamAnIya ?' maMDala ) uparanuM sAyaNabhASya . anyama'DalA uparanA bhASyanI sarakhAmaNImAM sakSipta che; vaLI vyAkaraNa viSayaka ItyAdi mAhitI/carcA paNa prApta thatI nathI. AvAM ane anya kAraNAne lIdhe sAcabhASyanA " anekatva'nA prazna aMge carcA thavA pAmI che.

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dabANakAra velakamAdhava kaTamAdhava A RcAnuM vyAkhyAna nIce mujaba kare che- " pUSNA praNItA / tena saMgacchemahi / yo naSTAnAM gavAm / gRhANi corakha bhUtAni / mirajAti che ke jAta: gve 2 hRtam | gfsa 2 | nIti | ahIM paNa spaSTa che ke vekaTa mAdhava maMtrastha zabdane pitAnA vyAkhyAnamAM uddata karatA nathI, paraMtu tenA samAnArthaka zabda Ape che, jevI rIte ke "he...memadane mATe vyAkhyAnamAM "saMja"i zabda prayoje che. vaLI, mastramAM zabdone je krama hoya, te kamamAM ja teo vyAkhyAna kare che ane samajUtI mATe kramabhaMga karatA nathI. sAyaNAcArya upara veMkaTamodhavanI chAyA jovA maLe che; dA. ta. RvedanA prathama maMtra (Rveda 1.1.1)nA " sAyaNabhASya' ane veMkaTamAdhavanI " garthadIpikA 'nA tulanAtmaka adhyayanathI mAluma paDe che ke sAyaNAcArya veMkaTamAdhavane anusare che;5 vaLI teo kAIka koIkavAra veMkaTamAdhavanA zabdone paNa uddhata kare che : dA. ta. kaTamAdhava : muni tofma | sAyaNAcArya : ninAma deva Dha talanA baMne vyAkhyAnamAM " tauki" zabda sAmAnya che. uparyukta udAharaNa uparathI spaSTa thAya che ke sAyaNAcArya potAnA bhASyamAM mangastha zabdane uta kare che; dA. ta. mangastha zabda " ". kaTa mAdhavanI eka bIjI paNa viziSTatA che. RgledanA pratyeka aSTakanA prathama adhyAyanA prAraMbhamAM bhUmikAtmaka kArikAo teo Ape che. A kArikAomAM pratIkarUpe adhyAyanA prathama maMtrano prathama zabda teo Ape che. vaLI, arthadhaTane pagI keTalAka siddhAnto ane anya bAbatenI-svara viSayaka, chandAviSayaka, ItyAdi-rajUAta kare che. taduparAMta keTalIka kArikAomAM koIka koIka sUto vize saMkSepamAM teo cacarma kare che (draSTavya ejana, pR. 4, 3457, 3458, 3520 vagere). vaLI teo viniyogaparaka mAhitI paNa Ape che; dA. ta. Rda 1.20.5 * no kalAto..." nA viSayamAM veMkaTamAdhava jaNAve che ke " saMtA: suSmA sonA tIre tane mAravatA phaLa avaizva : rAgamiH" (ejana pR. 113). "vAvavA.. au ji." (Rveda 1.2.1)nA saMdarbhamAM teo jaNAve che keH " pUrva sUkta (Rve che. 2) kAtaranuvake sanIya aga sUvakhyAM prAta:kAvata: stara (ejana pu. 12 ). teo sUktanA RSine paNa ulalekha kare che; dA.ta. Rda 1.1 nA sandarbhamAM teo jaNAve che - nagNA vaivAmitra zreSaH " (ejana pR. 6 . 14 Sou Bhawe S, S., The Soma-Hymns of the Rgveda : A Fresh Translation, Part II, M. S. University Research Series, No. 5, MSU, Baroda. 1960,4. "I; Part III, M. S. University Research Series, No. 6, MSU, Baroda, 1962, 5. 1, 22 vagere. svA, 2 For Private and Personal Use Only

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surezacaMdra * kAMTAvALA arthaghaTananA siddhAnta ane duSya: svaranuM mahatva gaNe che11 ane A aMge teo arthadhaTananI bAbatamAM teo jaNAve che ke - prakRtI pratyaye vA'pi svaro yatra vyavasthitaH / tArArthe tatra drazU sthAti nihita che ( ejana, pR. 368). andhakAre dIpikAbhirgacchanna skhalati kvacit / ga aoN: gutAnAM mArAtha: chuTA ta che (ejana, pR. 830) arthadhaTananI bAbatamAM svaranA agatyanA siddhAntanuM pAlana teo sAmAnya rIte kare che, paraMtu tenuM sarvadA teo pAlana karatA nathI ema lAge che. dA. ta. nIcenI traNa RcAomAM " fao na" vALI upamAonA arthadhaTanamAM teo svarAnusArI arthaghaTana karatA nathI. Rveda. 4. 48. 1 vihi hotrA avItA vipo na rAyo aryaH / vAyavA candreNa rathena yAhi sutasya pItaye // tad va ukthasya. barhaNendrAyopastRNISaNi' / vipo na yasyotayo vi yad rohanti sakSitaH // yasya te agne anye agnaya upakSito vayA iva / vivo 1 zunnA ni je nAnA tava lagAna vacana che Rgaveda. 6. 44. 6 da. 8. 19, 33 uparyukata RcAomAM veMkaTamAdhava vivaH nuM vyAkhyAna karatAM jaNAve che - " "vika0 vanamAnadhya", "meghAIvara: rUDha marina carca," "vika0 ya ti: " Ama teo vivA ne SaSThI vibhakti eka vacana gaNe che, jyAre svaranI dRSTie vivaprathama vibhakti bahuvacana. ( dvitIyA vibhakti bahuvacana paNuM thaI zake ) che; Ama teo arthadhaTanamAM svarane avagaNe che.. kandasvAmIe paNa ahIM arthadhaTanamAM svaranI arthaparakatAnI avagaNanA karI che. 17 Rveda 11 zrIkRSNa sakhArAma bhAve vedanA arthadhaTanamAM pANininuM temaja svaranuM mahattva svIkAre che; Gocou Bhawe S. S., The Soma-Hymns of the Rgveda, Part I, M. S. University Research Series No. 3, MSU, Baroda, 1957, pR. 2; Part II, pR. 56, 70, vagere Part III, pR. 2 vagere; rAmagopAla, ejana, pR. 199-200 9950204 Jog K. P., On Venkata Madhava's Interpretation of the Similes in RV 4.48. 1; 6.44.6; 8 19.33., Journal of the Oriental Institute, (M. S. University of Baroda) Baroda ( = JOIP) Vol. 18, No, 3, March, 1969, pR. 187-197. For Private and Personal Use Only

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jAbhAgamara vekakamAdhaka 1.143.3mAM mAryAla: zabdanuM vyAkhyAna karatAM sAyaNAcArya tene prathamAM bahuvacananuM rUpa le che, jyAre kaTamAdhava ahI pachI ekavacana le che ane vaikalpika rIte sAyaNAcArya paNa pachI ekavacana le che. 18 pitAnA vyAkhyAnanA samarthanamAM veMkaTamAdhava kAtyAyana, jaimininuM nidAnasUtra, nidhaTuM, bRhadevatA, niruktane vadhAre TAMke che:9; dA. ta. Rveda 1.27,10nuM vyAkhyAna karatI vakhate " tat nAnAdi madhyastha thafkavAya to dvArA sanIyana"nA samarthanamAM yAskanA vidhAna nirava :..." (niyukta 10.7.8)ne TAMke che. anyatra nirutakAra yAkanA vidhAna nais: tharapAro cahero ti (nirakta 1.16)ne thoDA pherathI nais: thAneverSo yattamacho na yati tarIke veMkaTamAdhava TAMke che. Rgvada 1.2.1 nA vyAkhyAnanA sandarbhamAM rAvino vimati (pANini 8.1.63)ne TAMkIne jaNAve che ke yaH tiru neTa cite. (ejana-pR. 12 ). - varga, maMDala, sUkta ane manTonA sandarbhamAM teo jaNAve che ke aSTaka, adhyAya, varga ityAdi vibhAga prAcIna RSioe saMhitAnA sthAnane jANavA mATe karyo che ane A vibhAjana teo paNa svIkAre che. "varga "mAM vibhAjana ArSa che, kAraNa ke brAhmaNa sAhityamAM varga" zabda upalabdha che. RvedanI zAkalasaMhitAnI RcAo aMge teo jaNAve che ke dipadA maLIne RcAonI saMkhyA 10402 che; dipadA judI gaNavAmAM Ave, to tenI saMkhyA 10480 che ane RcAonI saMkhyA 10580 che.20 - vaMkaTamAdhava jaNAve che ke temaNe pratyeka manTane artha jaNAvyuM che; vizeSatA : temaNe brAhmaNagraMthanuM asAdhAraNa adhyayana karyuM che. temanuM vidhAna "ttarAmadAva" sUcave che ke teo aitareya zAkhAnA hoya. aitareya, 55lAda-atharvaveda ane tauttirIya graMthanA jAkArane teo "vRddha " tarIke varNave che. nirukta ane vyAkaraNamAM zramakaranAra vidvAnone teo "punAtana " kahe che, temane mata che ke AvA "mapunAtamA:" vidvAne vedane caturthAza jANatA hoya che. tAMDava, zAMcyAyana, zatapatha ane koSitakIbrAhmaNanA jANakAra vidhAnane teo "ifuta tarIke varNave che. teonuM kahevuM che ke brAhmaNonA arthane jANanAra 18 "tIra vo (eTale ke suder:, kuputa: ane mAvANa:) (kasa amAre). jo 4. ka. ( agIfTTa samA, kausa amAre ) je g. (= pachI vimavita jIvana, kosa amAra) jUja jAnavara cAra ranA pavitaghuvara tathA prasaMviAnuja hai ", (rAmagopAla, f-enrethA-vivecana, nezanala killA grAsa, nathI triI , 1976, pR 66-67). 19 dravya paM. bhagavaddata ane satyazravA, ejana, 5. 56. 20 draSTavya paM. bhagavadatta ane satyazravA, ejana, pR. 57; vaLI juo tragarthadIpikA paMcamASTaka paMcamAdhyAyanI bhUmikAmaka kArikAo. - 21 tulanIya paM. bhagavadatta ane satyazravA, ejana, pR. 55. For Private and Personal Use Only

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2 ane temAM parizrama karanAra vidvAna zabda ane rIti jANe che jANutA nathI. te noMdheche ke bhAllavi, maitrAyaNIya ane carakanuM vize nA maLatuM nathI.ke A tedha uparathI anumAna vidvAna tatkAlpana samAjamAM sulabhatAthI upalabdha na hatA. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir suza gA. hAthALA ane saMhitAnA pUrA a upabu haNa karavAvALA vidvAneA karI zakAya ke khA zAkhAnA vaikaTamAdhava potAnA bhASyanI viziSTatA jaNAvatAM kahe che ke jema zmA' ane * sahakAra " samAnArthavAcaka zabdo che, tema bhASyamAM phakta samAnA vAcaka zabdono prayoga athamaMTanamAM karavAmAM AvyA nathI; ane arthanA bheda spaSTatAthI batAvavAmAM AvyA che; ane A samajAvavA mATe teo "o" ane " ana '' zonuM udAhara Ape che, " vidvatApUrNa bhASya racavAne kAraNe ane vaidAvyayananI khALatamAM potAnI nagaruktAne kAraNe jyAre teo " hatu nAH '' ( ejana pU. 287) jevuM... AtmIyadaka vidhAna kare che, tyAre, kadAca A AtmavizvAsa, cyAtmaprazaMsA ane niktA asthAne na DAya, ema kahI zakAya. bhavabhUtinI AtmazlAdhA suvikti che, vaidA baTananA keTalAka Adhunika siddhAntAnI AgAhI vekaTamAdhavanA vyAkhyAnamAM thatI lAge che. teo prAcIna bhASyakAra che, paraMtu A siddhAntAnA pratipAdanamAM teo Adhunika lAge che, kAraNe ke teo guAve che ke " mantranA ghaTana karatI vakhate anyatra adhi matronI sAhAyyathI mantronuM artha ghaTana karavuM joIe." A siddhAnta vAcakanuM dhyAna AkarSe ema che; kAraNa ke vaidyArthadhaTananA Adhunika siddhAntA paikIneA eka siddhAnta che: " vedanA A vethA karavA joIe."25 Ama samagra rIte mUlavatAM RgvedabhASyakArAmAM veMkaTamAdhava eka agatyanuM ane anupama sthAna bhogave che; vaLI temanI " RgadIpikA " sAyabhASyanA pArkanA sandarbha mAM ane e. e. mekaDonela saMpAdita buDhatAnA " A '" rUpAntara ( version)nA sandarbhamAM mahattva dharAve che,21 k 22 gadhaiyIvikA, amASTaka prathamAdhyAya bhUmikAtmaka kArikAo, pR. 3457-58, 23 draSTaca Rga-dipA pR. 3659, " 24 rAmagopAla, ejana, pR. 2036 gaMdIpikA, pR. 351; aSTamASTaka tRtIyAkhyAma kArikA che. 25 rAmagApAla, ena, pR. 202. 26 dravya Sehgal S. R., Critical Value of the Bombay Edition of the Rgveda, JOIB, Vol. 3, No. 1, Septcmber, 1953, pR. 50-53; 5. bhagavatta ane satyamavA, ejana, pR. 56-57. tA. ka. A lekhamAM "RgathIpi nA sandarbho ane haraNA vizvadharAnA vaidika sa'zAdhana saMsthAna, DAziyArapura (pa'jALa ) thI prakAzita AvRttimAMthI ApavAmAM AvyA che. For Private and Personal Use Only

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vAjasaneyI-mAdhyadina-saMhitAmAM hiraNyastutimaMtrI ja. ka. bhaTTa* zukala yajurveda saMhitAmAM " hiraNyastutinA traNa maMtro Ave che, jemAM "hirAya | (sonuM)nuM mahattva varNaveluM che. A maMtromAM prathama maMtra kALuM vastra (a.34/50) che. bIje maMtra takari jillAnA: (a. 34/51 ) che ane trIjo maMtra vAdanana vAyamr. (a. 34/51) che. A traNa maMtramAM "hiraNya ' arthAta "suvarNa'nI mahattAnuM pratipAdana kareluM che. prathama maMtrArtha pramANe AyuSya mATe hitakAraka tejasvI, dhanadAyaka tathA svarga prakAzaka A 'hiraNya' che. te vijaya mATe mane prApta thAva. ahIM suvarNa AyuSyAthe hitakara tathA vijaya mATenuM pratIka kahyuM che. - - L - 1 karma kAMDamAM A traNa maMtrone " AyuSyamaMtra' tarIke viniyoga thayela che. grahazAMti, yajJayAgAdi vidhividhAnamAM yajamAna ane yajamAnapatnIne A traNa maMtra bhaNIne AzIrvAda apAya che. tethI A "hiraNyastuti ' maMtrane "AyuSyamaMtra" paNa kahevAmAM Ave che. svAdayAya', pR. 28, aMka 1-2, dIpotsavI-vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, okaTobara 1990, phebruArI 1991, 5. 13-16 * maharSi vedavijJAna akAdamI, amadAvAda-380015. 1 OM AyuSyaM varcasya5 rAyaspoSamaudbhidam / idae hiraNyaM varcasva jatrAyAvizatAdu mAm // (za. ya. saM. a. 34, maMtra. 50 ) 2 OM na tadrazAsi na pizAcAstaranti devAnAmojaH prathamajae hyetat / yo biti / dAkSAyaNae hiraNya" sa deveSa kRNute dIrghamAyuH sa manuSyeSu kRNute korSamA: n (yu. ya. saM. a. 34. maMtra pa1). 3 OM yadA badhnandAkSAyaNA hiraNya ezatAnIkAya sumanasyamAnAH / saja gAyanA isavAyA HIMdavAsan ! (za. yaja. saM. a. 37/52). For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #18
A hiraNyastutine bIjo ane trIjo maMtra (a. 3451-52 ) atharvavedamAM paNa maLe che. tyAM paNa te " yuvAna sUvara' tarIke ja Ave che ke ubUTa ane mahIdhara zukala yajurveda saMhitAnA bhASyakAro paNa jANa karaMjU (a. 34/50 ) viSe kahe che. vi rivuM sArtha-mAthu uThThAM vacaMdhya-vase giraayspossN-dhnsy vardhayita varcasvat annasaMyakta jaitrAya vijayAya mI AvizatAt mayi tiSThatu / mahIdhara zeDA pheraphAra sAthe upara pramANe ja artha kare che. bIjA maMtra (a. 34/5 )no artha joIe. A hiraNya ( suvarNa) dhAraNa karanArane rAkSase ke pizAca mArI zakatA nathI. kAraNuM ke devanuM prathama utpanna thayeluM A teja che. je manuSya A hirane alaMkAra tarIke dhAraNa kare che te devomAM lAMbA samaya sudhI rahe che arthAta cirakALa sudhI devakamAM vAsa kare che ane manuSyalekamAM paNa te dIrdhAyuSya bhogave che. trIja maMtra (a. 34/pa2 ) mAM kahyuM che ke dakSanAM saMtAne athavA dakSavaMzI pureDitAe A hira ( suvarNa sutra-rakSAsUtra ) zatAnIka rAjAne bAMdhyuM hatuM, te huM dIrdhAyuSyaprApti mATe tathA vRddhAvasthA bhogavavA mATe mane pitAne A " hiraNya-sUtra' bAMdhuM chuM. ' A trIjo maMtra karmakAMDamAM yajamAnanA hAthe kaMkaNabaMdhana mATe vaparAya che. agAu hiraNyasUtra' baMdhAtuM haze pachIthI kALe karIne tene sthAne raktasUtra ( lAla nADuM) yajamAnane jamaNe hAthe bAMdhavAmAM Ave che. AyuSya sAthe hiraNya ( suvarNa) ne gADha saMbaMdha hovAthI ja karmakAMDamAM A hiraNyastutimaMtrone " AyuSyamaMtro ' tarIke viniyoga tha che. mahIdhara ane uvaTa A traNa maMtro ( a. 34/50-51-52 ) mATe temanA bhASyamAM lakhe ja che ke A hiraNya svatinA maMtro che. atharvaveda AyuSkAma sUkata tarIke 1/135mAM 4 RcAo ApI che temAM be maMtro thayAdanana 1/135/1 ane ra takSati 1/135/2 che. kauzika sUtra A suktane (4) gayAvanagna hAlAcAH (atharvaveda 1/135/1) ane na takSazi ra vizArA ( atharvaveda 1/135/2 ). (5) zu. yaju. saM. uvaTa bhAgya a. 34/50. zu. yaju. saM. mahIdhara bhASya a. 34/50. 6 taddhiraNyaM rakSAMsi pizAcAzca na hiMsanti / devAnAM prathamajaM ojaH hi etat / ataH yaH ida' hiraNyamalaGkAravizeSeNa dhArayati sa deveSu dIrghamAyuH vasati / ciraM devaloke vasatItyarthaH / sa manuSyeSu dIrghamAyuH kurute arthAt sa ca mAnuSyamAyuratikramya jIvatItyarthaH / / (zu. 5. saM. ulUTa-mahIdhara bhASya-a, 34/51 ). 7 tinna: thitutiH (ubaiTa che. ya. saM. bhASya 34/50). fguthatuti-madIramALa ! (ze. ya. saM. 34/50). " For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #19
vAjasaneyI-sAyadina-saMhitAmAM hiraNayastutimaMtro rakSAbaMdhana-sUkta ' kahe che. A cAra RcAothI abhimaMtrita be kALA rudrAkSane hAthe bAMdhavAnuM paNa tyAM jANuveluM che. vaLI kauzikasutra para/20 mAM hiraNyamayI rAkhaDIne A sUkathI abhimaMtrita karI hAthe bAMdhavAnuM ane te vakhate sthAlIpAka karI vRtAta bhAtanAM bhajana karavAnuM sUcavyuM che. Aje paNa ApaNe tyAM bahene bhAIonA AyuSyanI kAmanAthI rakSAsUtra bAMdhe che. hiraNyanuM mahatva anAdikALathI AjasudhI akSaranuM rahyuM che. yAskAcArya * hiraNya' zabdanI je vyutpatti Ape che te yathArtha jaNAya che. bdhi mAtu ? divase bAyasthamAne yA, te nAjhanamati cA, hUitaranAM mAtara , hRdayarama masIti vA ! (nirukta adhyAya-2, pAda-3 pRSTha 48. ko. umAzaMkara Ana RSi saMpAvita. va. vi. ma. thArAjanI 6 48 ). arthAta ' hiraNya' 'kema te lAMbu karAya che, kheMcAya che, eka mANasathI bIjA mANasa pAse pahoMcADAya che tethI. vaLI auSadharUpe hitakAraka che. utara mavati dhAraNa karavAthI suMdara lAge che kAramI mavati darekane te ( suvarNa) meLavavAnI IcchA thAya che teH chellArmaLaH | Ama suvarNanI mahattA yAskAcArya jaNAve che. AyurvedamAM paNa hiraNya'nuM ghaNuM mahattvanuM sthAna che. hemacUrNa bALakane khavaDAvavAthI baLa, buddhi ane AyuSya vadhe che. eTaluM ja nahi, paraMtu suzrutamAM ja anyatra suvarNane svAdayukta, hadayane game tevuM, zarIrane puSTi ApanAra, rasAyanarUpa, doSa tathA Amayane nAza karanAru, Akhane ThaMDaka ApanAruM tathA viSavinAzaka paNa kahyuM che11. vaLI suvarNa dhAraNa karavAnA paNa aneka guNe caraka munie carakasaMhitAmAM varNavyA che. senuM dhAraNa karavAthI maMgaLa thAya che, AyuSya vadhe che. e samRddhinuM pratIka che, Apattine nAza kare che, harSadAyaka che ane teja vadhAre che. taduparAMta annamAM viSa jatuM rahyuM hoya te "hemacUrNa' 8 kozika sUtra 11/19. 9 suvarNa sukRta cUrNa kuNThaM madhu ghRta vacA / matsyAkSakaH zaMkhapuSpI madhu sarpiH sakAJcanam // markapuSpI madhu dhataM cUNita kanaka vacA / hemacUrNAni kaiDayaH zvetadUrvA ghRtaM mag | gharavAro mitA: prajJA: phorSeDu jatukarNapi 1 amArA vadhumeMdAvanavivardhanA: || ( suzruta-zArIrasthAna adhyAya-10, 1leka 60thI 70 ). . 1. suvarNa svAdu hRdyaJca bRMhaNIyaM rasAyanam / doSAmayApahaM zItaM cakSuSya . viSasUdanam // (suzruta-sUrasthAna a 46/326). 11 dhanyaM maGgalyamAyuSyaM zrImadayasanasUdanam / harSaNa kAmyamojasyaM ratnAbharaNadhAraNam // (caraka-sUtrasthAna 5/97) ratnavadAbharaNAni - ratna tu vizuddhamANikyahIrakamuktAphalasuvarNAdi / / (kALa-cATInA) For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #20
13 ApavAthI viSane nAza thAya che.12 Ama suvarNa zAstra paNa batAve che. AyuSya sAthe gADha saMbaMdha Ayurveda jotiSazAstramAM paNa suvaNane mahimA AyuSyamAthe batAvye ja che. bhinnabhinna prakAranAM ratna-senuM, mANeka, nIlama, pannA vagere zarIra para dhAraNa karavAthI prahathI utpanna thatI pIDA dUra thAya che. hiraNyastutine trIne maMtra yAnanuM sAkSAyA. ( a. 34/para mu. va. saMhitA)mAM hiraNya-sutranA baMdhananI vAta karI che, jemAM dakSanAM saMtAne e zatAnIkane A hiraNyasUtra bAMdheluM tene Azaya paNa dIrdhAyuSyaprAptine ja che. sAkSAyA: vat thanArAna tat zatazAradAya ahaM AbadhnAmi yathA yena pranyAreNa jaradRSTiH AsaM bhUyAsam / / dakSanAM saMtAne e je hirasUtra zatAnIkane bAMdheluM te huM se zaradaRtu jIvavA mATe bAMdhuM chuM. hiraNyano A rIte AyuSya sAthe ghaniSTha saMbaMdha hovAthI ane Ayurveda, jyotiSa vagera zAstromAM paNa suvarNa AyuSya sAthe saMbaMdha hovAthI hirastutimaMtrone " AyuSyamaMtro" tarIkene vinavega khUba ja ucita jAya che. 12 na sajjate hemapAle viSa padala'mbuvat // (caraka-cikitsAsthAna a. 23/240) hemapa iti / hema yaH pibati iti hemapaH / (cakrapANI-carakaTIkA) 23 sAkSAyanA:-akSaratha avasthAni vani vikhyA 1 (vA. sU. 4/1/ss) 2. vaju. saMhitA. a. 34/51nuM udvaTabhALyuM. te jaradRSTi:-jarAmaznute vyApnoThIti jaradRSTiH / (uvaTabhALyuM. zu. va. saM. 34/51) jarantI jarAM prAptA aSTiH zarIraM yasya sa jaradRSTiH / (mahIdharabhASya. za. ya. sa. 14/51) For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #21
"aitareya-AraNyakamAM vaidika "mahAvrata -- vidhinAM saMdarbha, svarUpa ane mahattva amRta upAdhyAya RvedIya aitareya-AraNyakane pradhAna uddeza " mahAvrata" vidhinuM nirUpaNa karavAne tema ja e vidhinuM rahasyAtmaka ane pratIkAtmaka darzana sphaTa karavAnuM che e spaSTa che. aitareya-AraNyakanA pitAnA bhASyanI bhUmikAmAM "mahAvata ne saMdarbha spaSTa karatAM sAyaNAcArya kahe che ke - mahAvatamahaH prokta prathamAraNyake sphuTam / / 6 / / gavAmayanamityukte satre saMvatsarAtmake / upAntyamasti yadahastanmahAvratanAmakam // 7 // satraprakaraNe'nuktiraraNyAdhyayanAditi / mahAvratasya tasyAtra hautraM karma vivicyate // 8 // eTale ke " prathama AraNyakamAM mahAvrata-divasa (vidhi )nuM spaSTa varNana karyuM che. A mahAvrata, eka varSa ke saMvatsara sudhI cAlanArA " gAmavana' nAmaka satranA aMtimathI AgalA (upanya) divase thanAra vidhi che. (aitareya-brAhmaNamAM "gavAmayana' -) satranuM varNana karatI vakhate A (mahAvrata)nI carcA karI na hatI kemake AnuM adhyayana araNyamAM karavAmAM Ave che. eTale ahIM (ArakamAM ) e ja mahAvratanAM hetAnAM karmaka vidhinuM vivecana karavAmAM Ave che. " sAyaNAcAryanA A prAstAvika zabdothI jANavA maLe che ke mahAvrata karma ke vidhi bhale saMvatsarAtmaka yajJa-karmane eka vibhAga hoya paraMtu enI AdhyAtmika, dArzanika vicAraNuM te araNyanA ekAMta sthAnamAM, brahmacaryAmAM nimagna RSio dvArA thavI joIe. kemake A "mahAvrata' karmanA gaMbhIra tema ja rahasyamaya arthanuM Akalana e ja AraNyaka-vidyA che. AvI rahasyAtmaka tathA gUDhArthapUrNa AraNyakavidyA dIkSitane ja prApta thAya che, adIkSitane nahIM. vastuta: adIkSita athavA agya vyakti A AraNyakavidyAnuM jJAna meLavavAnI adhikArI nathI. A ja Araka svAdhyAya', pu. 28, aMka 1-2, dIpotsavI- vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, aikabara 1990phebruArI 1991, 5. 17-20. bI/22, kapA epArTamenTsa, lAvaNya sosAyaTI pAse, vAsaNA, amadAvAda 380 007, vA, 2 For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #22
amRta uSAdayAya gata jJAnanI vizeSatA che. eTale ja A gaMbhIra jJAna jyAM-tyAM, jene tene ApI zakAtuM nathI. AraNyakonAM sarva rahasyomAM "mahAvratanuM rahasya pavitratama tema ja sarvotkRSTa che. kemake mahAvratanA yajJaparika saMdarbha karatAM ene AdhyAtmika tathA dArzanika saMdarbha ane enuM rahasyAmaka, rUpakAtmaka temaja pratIkAtmaka artha sAmartha ochuM mahattvapUrNa nathI. - 8 bahAne "mahAvrata' e saMjJAne atha-prathama AraNyaka(a. A. 1.1.5 )nA prAraMbhamAM ja * mahAvrata' e saMjJAno artha spaSTa karatAM, Idra dvArA vRtrane vadha thaye e AkhyAyikAne nirdeza karIne, aitareya-AraNyakanA draSTA RSi kahe che ke "vRtrane mArIne Indra mahAna bane. Indra mahAna banyA tyAre "mahAvrata' thayuM. A kAraNathI mahAvrata (e) mahAna vrata che." A purAkathAzrita, rahasyAtmaka vidhAnanI spaSTatA karatAM sAyaNAcArya mAmika Dhabe kahe che ke- " kRtiomAM prasiddha vRtravadha pachI ja indra mahAna banyo hato, enI pahelAM nahIM. indranuM nirbhaya banavuM e ja enuM mahAna banavuM e che." vRtravadha pahelAM Indra pitAnA bhayane ja jApa japato hato. A rIte bhItigrasta banelA IndranuM haravuM-pharavuM baMdha thaI gayuM hatuM. AthI enI tabiyata lathaDI gaI hatI ane te " a95 " banI gayo hato. paNa vRtra ke je IndranI badhI ja bhIti, alpatA, laghutA, hinatA, dInatA ane zithilatAnuM kAraNa hatuM teno nAza thavAthI IndranuM samagra vyaktitva badalAI gayuM ; e nirbhaya thaI gayuM. eTale enI alpatA, dInatA, zithilatA cAlI gaI. e "mahAna' banI gaye. kemake nirbhayatA e ja mahAnatA che. ane, eTalA mATe ja, vRtravadhanI yugaparivartaka ghaTanA banyA pachI, IndranI mahAnatAne ghotita karanAruM je karmaka vidhi thavA lAgI te "mahAvrata ' kahevAyuM. A rIte "mahAvrata " IndranA mahatvanuM ghI taka che. A ja vRtravadhanI purAkathAnuM tAtaparya che. mATe, mahAvratanI upAsanA, Indra jevA sarvazaktimAna (mahAna) tatvanI sAcI upAsanA che je samaya jatAM AdhyAtmika darzananI jananI siddha thaI zake tema che. mahAvratanuM yApaka mahAvratanuM yajJapaka svarU5:-vedika zauyAgaparaMparAmAM "mamhAvrata' e, varSa sudhI cAlanArA tathA saMvatsara (arthAta prajApati)nA pratIkarUpa "gavAmayana' satranA chellAthI AgalA (upanya) divase thanAruM karmaka vidhi che. A "mahAvata' vidhi paNa che, utsava paNa che. jAtinA pratIkarUpa che utsava paNa che. mahAvrata' vidhinAM traNa rU5 che. ekAharU5, ahInarUpa tathA satrarUpa. satrarUpa e mahAvratanI prakRti che paraMtu ekAharUpa e vikRti che. mahAvratavidhi ekadivasIya (ekAharU5) kama che ane enAM prAtaH havana, mAni savana tema ja sAyaMsavana e traNa savana che. somarasa kADhavAne vidhi "savana" kahevAya che jemAM prAta, madhyAha tathA saMsthAnA samayanAM anya vidhividhAna samAviSTa che. mahAvrata'nA prAtaHsavanane Ajya tathA prauga zastro eTale ke maMtrasamUha sAthe; mAdhyadina saMvanane mahatvatIya tathA nikavalaya zastra sAthe; ane sAyaMsavanane agnimAta ane vaizvadeva zastra sAthe saMbaMdha che. For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #23
"aitareya-AraNayakamAM nedika "mahAvata' vidhinA Adarbha, varUpa ane mahatva 19 mahAvratanAM ya savanenAM badhAM zastronuM pUruM varNana etareya-AraNyakanA prathama AraNyakama ApavAmAM AvyuM che. A varNana rUpakAtmaka hovAthI atyaMta arthabharapUra che emAM saMdeha nathI. A ja prathama AraNyakanuM, dArzanika daSTithI, dvitIya AraNyakamAM anusaMdhAna che. A dvitIya AraNyakamAM "mahadakatha' athavA mahAvratanA mahattvapUrNa "nikevalya ' zastranA AdhyAtmika svarUpane paricaya maLe che. A nirkevalya' zastranA viziSTa zAstrIya svarUpanuM pAMcamAM AraNyakamAM, sutrazailImAM, varNana thayeluM che. A "nikavalya' zastra mahAvratanA madhyadivasIya (mAryAdina) homanuM mahAna zastra che ane e zarmAnI vistRta carcAthI sabhara hovAne lIdhe paMcamAraNyaka prathamAraNyakanI sArI rIte pUrti kare che. bhAratIya saMskRtinA bahu prAcIna samayathI ja "mahAvrata' eka sAMskRtika utsavanA rUpamAM pracalita temaja lokapriya haze emAM zaMkA nathI kRSNayajurvedanI tattirIya saMhitA temaja kAThakasaMhitAmAM mahAvratane ulekha tathA prAraMbhika varNana maLe che. brAhmaNayugamAM "mahAvrata nuM kaDaka parivartita ke parivardhita svarUpa jovA maLe che. taittirIya brAhmaNa (1.2.6.1)mAM ' mahAvrata'nA traNa vibhinna artha ApyA che jene ulekha sAyaNAcArya, aitareya-AraNyakanA bhASya (e. e. 1.1.1, sA. bhA. )mAM kare che. ahIM mahAvrata ne eka artha 'mahAna vrata " paNa Ape che. jene chAMdogya-paraMparAmAM paNa nirdeza che. saMbhavataH A ja mahAvratanuM prAcIna, lokapriya svarUpa hatuM jemAM stromAM paNa bhAga letI hatI ane bahujanasamAjanA sarve vargonI utsavamAlIo e utsavamAM pratibiMbita thatI hatI. A mahAvrata varasamAM eka divasa, Indra dvArA vRtravadha'nA mahAna prasaMganI smRtimAM, janasAmAnyane mATe mahAna utsavanA rUpamAM supracalita haze. lagabhaga badhA ja vidvAnoe mahAvratanA mahotsavarUpa tarapha saMketa karyo che. tADavamahAbrAhmamAM mahAvratane anna kahIne ene prajApati sAthe saMbaMdha darzAve che. zAMkhAyana AraNyakamAM paNa * prajJAtiya saM varasa : | tasvaiSa AramAM mAtrataY I' e prAraMbhika zabda vaDe prajApatine varSa (saMvatsara ) kahIne, mahAvratane prajApatinuM zarIra ( AtmA ) kahyuM che. AgaLa jatAM mahAvratane IndranuM zarIra paNa kahyuM che. jo ke ahIM mahAvratane artha mahAvratane maMtrasamUha (zatra) che. Ama chatAM, mahAvrata karmane saMvatsara, prajApati tema ja Idra sAthe je maulika saMbaMdha che tene ahIM jarUra nirdeza che. tAMDayamahAbAhmaNamAM stotranuM pakSIrUpa che. aitareya-AraNyakamAM tetranA pakSIrUpanuM, avayavo sahita, thai ja vistRta nirUpaNa che ane "mahAvrata "nA "eNkha "-vidhinuM paNa ghaNA vistArapUrvaka varNana che. A varNana atareya-AraNyakanA viziSTa sAMskRtika aMzo che je "mahAvrata "nA pratIkAtmaka svarUpanA dyotaka che A badhA aMzonuM yathAsaMbhava rUpaSTIkaraNa A lakhanAre etareya-AraNyakanI svaracita hindI AvRttinAM TippaNamAM samAviSTa karyuM che. For Private and Personal Use Only

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rU. . prAcIna guja2 granthamAlA prAcIna phAgu-saha-saMpAdaka : DaoN. bhegIlAla ja. sAMDesarA ane DaoN. somAbhAI pArekha; devanAgarI TAIpa 10=50 vidyArthI AvRtti, gujarAtI TAIpa 6pa0 2 vaNaka-samuccaya, bhAga 1-mUla pATha-saM. : Do. bhe. ja. sAMDesarA 9=50 3 bhAlaNakRta nAkhyAna (trIjI AvRtti)-saM. : pra. ke. kA. zAstrI 11=50 4 udayabhAnumatavikramacaritrarAsa-saMpAdaka : sva. pro. ba. ka. ThAkora 2=50 5 bhAlaNa : eka adhyayana-lekhaka : pro. ke. kA. zAstrI (1971) 8=00 6 vaNakarasamuccaya, bhAga 2-sAMskRtika adhyayana ane zabdasacio. kartA : DaoN. bhegIlAla ja, sAMDesarA ane DaoN. ramaNalAla . mahetA 10=10 7 paMcAkhyAna bAlAvabodha, bhAga 1-saMpAdaka : DaoN. bhogIlAla ja. sAMDesarA ane Do. semAbhAI pArekha - - 24:00 sihAsanabatrIsI-saM. Do. raNajita ma. paTela 15=50 9 hammIraprabandha-saM. De. . ja, sAMDesarA ane De. se. pArekha 10 paMcadaMDanI vArtA-saM. De. somAbhAI dhuM. pArekha (1974) 31=00 11 vAgabhaTAlaMkAra bAlAvabodha-saM. DaM. bhegIlAla ja. sAMDesarA 12=00 sva. proba. ka. ThAkara granthamALA 1 vividha vyAkhyAne gucacha 1 2250 2 54 55 5 2 2=pa0 2=50 0 0 | 0 0 0 0 niruttamAM 5 vikramorvazI-(anuvAda: mananikA sahita) 2pa0 6 pravezake, gucacha pahele 4=50 7 pravezake, guccha bIje 3=90 8 aMbaDa vidyAdhara rAsa 9 mahAra seneTa (bIjI AvRttiH bIju punarmudraNa) 4=00 1. ApaNI kavitAsamRddhi (bIjI AvRtti; cha punarmudraNa) 4=00 navIna kavitA viSe vyAkhyAna (prathama AvRttinuM paheluM punarmudraNa) 4=00 che. ba. ka. ThAkora DAyarI, bhAga 1-saMpAdaka: DaoN. harSada ma. trivedI 2=00 che, ba. ka. ThAkara adhyayanagrantha 15=50 14 e, ba, ka. ThAkoranI DAyarI, bhAga 2- saMpAdaka : Do. harSada trivedI 9=75 15 vivecaka-pro. balavantarAya ThAkora 25=00 prAptisthAnaH yunivarsiTI pustaka vecANa vibhAga, mahArAjA sayAjIrAva yunivarsiTI presa, rAjamahela daravAjA pAse, rAjamahela reDa, vaDodarA-390 001 0 0. 13 For Private and Personal Use Only

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RvedamAM maharSi vAmadeva madhumAlatI ga, trivedI.* vAmadevaSinuM vyaktitva, kuLagaurava, samakAlIna vyaktio sAthenA saMbaMdhe -- | bhAratanA sAMskRtika itihAsamAM " vAmadeva' nAmadhArI aneka vibhUtio che. RgavedanA RSi vAmadeva te aMgirA kuLanA gotrakAra, maMtrakAra ane sUktadaSTA RSi che. tenA vaMzanA AdipurU aMgirasa ke atharnAgirasa che. pArthiva agninI kAtikArI zodha karIne aMgirase yugapravartaka banyA hatA, eTaluM ja nahi paNa temanI vIragAthAe tethI paNa prAcIna samayanI che. khuda indrane paNio vaDe apahata gAya pAchI apAvavAmAM aMgirasoe madada karI hatI. brahmAMDapurANa, kaMdapurANa, matsyapurANa, padmapurANa, zivapurANa, vAyupurANa, zrImadbhAgavatapurANa, va. mAM vAmadevaRSinA aneka ullekha maLe che. temAM vAmadevanAM tapa tathA zrIkRSNa, ziva, kaMda, parazurAma, va. sAthe temanI mulAkAte ulalekhAyelI che. matsyapurANamAM te vAmadevane eka zivAvatAra paNa gaNela che. zija ke zija, bhAva, bhugu, gotama, ucazya, dIrghatamasa, kakSIvAna, va. sAthe vAmadevaRSi gotra saMbaMdha dharAve che. gotama vAmadevaRSinA pitA ke pitAmaha hovA joIe. gotamanA putra ke vaMzaja hovAthI teo potAnI jAtane gotama tarIke oLakhAvavAmAM gaurava le che. vAmadevane agninI baMdhRtA pitA gAma pAsethI vArasAmAM maLI che. R. 4/21 mAM zijanA dharamAM soma vATatA Rtvijone, tema ja zijanA dharamAM chupAyeluM baLavAna bhArvaranuM baLa statAne pUrNa karavA tenA upara reDAya che e ullekha che. jo ke sAyaNe karinaH jAmajamAnA: barivana: tatsaMdhI saurinaH canagAnA ane mArvara: eTale tejasvI evo artha karyo che, paNa prIphItha nodhe che tema harija eka gotra che. saMbhavataH aMgiraso, UMzaja, kakSIvAna, gatima, bhagu, vAmadeva, badhA eka kuLanA che tethI parvatabhedananA bhavya parAkrama mATe darekane gaurava che. Ama gautamavaMzanA pUrvapuruSanAM nAmone vAmadevaRSinA paitRka nAma, upanAma tarIke vAparI zakAtAM hoya "svAdhyAya', pR. 28, aMka 1-2, dIpotsavI-vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, kabara-1990phebruArI-1991, pR. 21-21, zAmaLadAsa ArTasa kaoNleja, bhAvanagara 1 bhAgavata, 10, 84, 5, skanda 3, 4, 15-11, ziva-1, 22, pA u. 1. 38, vAyu 65. 100, brahmAMDa che. 1. 15, matsya 4. 27, 30, 4. 31, 23. 36 2 . 4, 4, 11, 31, 12, 32. 9. For Private and Personal Use Only

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madhumAlatI ma. trivedI evuM lAge che. kakSIvAna ane gautamane paitRka saMbaMdha te mahAbhArate paNa noMdhyuM che. behadevatA kakSIvAnane dIrghatamasUnA putra kahe che. Ama dIrdhatamasu ane kazIvAna e vAmadevaRSinA gautamavaMzanA ja che. vAmadevaRSi AtmasAkSAtkAra varNavatAM kahe che ke 'huM kakSIvAnaRSi chuM. huM Ajuneya kutsanuM prazAsana karuM chuM.'- pitRparaMparA mATe garva anubhavatA RSi pote ja pUrvapuruSa hovAnuM anubhave ane AthI paNa ucca Adarza prakAzanA putra aMgirasa banavA-seve, e dhaNuM svAbhAvika che. vAmadevamaMDaLamAM tatkAlIna saMbhAvita vibhUtio-rAjavIo ane RSionA ulalekha maLe che, ne vAmadevaRSine ane temane ghaniSTha paricaya darzAve che. khAsa karIne pujAtino pratApI rAjA purukunsa, je durgaha ane AjanIne putra hato, te te vAmadevaRSinA paurAhitya nIce hate ja, purukutsa mATe vAmadeve aneka yajJo karyA hatA ane Indra dvArA tene anekavAra vijaya apAvyuM hatuM. purukutsanA jIvananA chevaTanA bhAgamAM dAzarAjJayudhe tene mATe tema ja tenA pura rAjavaMza mATe kAramI kaTokaTI sarjI hatI. tyAre vAmadevaRSie saptarSione vizvAsamAM laIne purukutsanI pAse yajJa karAvyo hato, tene pariNAme trasadasyu jape ane puru rAjavaMzanuM patana thatuM aTakI gayuM. trasadasyujanmakathA uparathI kutsarAjA upara vAmadevaRSinuM pUrNa prazAsana hatuM te hakIkata suspaSTa thAya che. divodAsane putra sudAsa purukutsane samakAlIna ane pADozI rAjA hato. dArANayuddhamAM makAnA sthaLe purukusanuM sAmrAjya hovAthI tenI puSkaLa khuvArI thaI hatI enA spaSTa ulalekha RvedamAM maLe che. sudAsanA purohita vasiSTha maharSi (dAzarAjJayuddhanA zarUnA bhAgamAM te) purukutsane "prANapaNe sevA ApatA' kahe che. tethI lAge che ke pADozI rAjA chatAM baMne svAbhAvika zatru nahotA. samrATo mahAmAtyanI salAha pramANe ja cAle, tethI A sArA saMbaMdhamAM vAmadevaRSinI dIrdhadarzitA ane zANapaNu jaNAya che. sudAsanA mAtAmaha devavAta suMjayane mATe pradIpta thayelA agninI vAmadeve prazaMsA karI che. vaLI, jhuMjayane vaMzaja sahadevaputra somaka hato teNe vAmadevaRSine be jAtavAna azvo bheTa dharyA hatA. te sRjaya jAtine vAmadeva mATe samAdara darzAve che. bhRguo sAthe gotamavaMzane maMtrI hatI. anine vAmadeve bhUgu jevuM AcaraNa karate' kahyo che. vAmadevamaMDaLamAM saptarSionA ulekha anekavAra che. vAmadeva pote saptaSiomAMnA eka hatA ane dAzarAjJayuddhanA samakAlIna hovAthI vasiSTha, vizvAmitra, atri, bharadvAja, va.nA samakAlIna hatA. RgavedanuM caturtha maMDaLa lagabhaga AkhuM vAmadevaRSie joyeluM che, paNa rAmadevanA kuLamAM ghaNuM jJAnI sUktadaSTA thaI gayA che. sarasvatItaTathI sadAnIrI gaMDakI * sudhI sAmrAjave vistAranA videha mAdhavanA purohita gotama rahUgaNu te vAmadevanA pitA ke najIkanA pUrvapuruSa hatA. vAmadevanA bhAI nodhA gotama vedanA sUktadA RSi che. aMhamuya, 3 . 7, 19, 2-. For Private and Personal Use Only

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vaidamAM sAthei bAmadeva buddha kaya ane mUta vAmadaeNnka eTale vAmadevanA putra ke vAja che. zarata vAmadevanA pitarAI bhAI hato ane dInamasa gAtrasa'badhI hatA. aitareya brAhmaNu 8.4.23 pramANe bharata dauntinA rajyAbhiSeka dIyatamAM mAmaya karAvyo hato. mahAbhAratamAM magadhanI parvatIya uSakAo vacce gAnamayAna bAzrama lekhAyo che. tamavazIya zatAnaMda janaka videhInA purahita hatA. Ama vAmadevanI paitRka paraMparA gauravapUrNa che. thAyaRRSinu azrata jIvana!-- purANo noMdhe che tema, anupama saundaryavatI mahasyA, vAmadevaRSine temanA saMyamanA puraskArarUpe maLI hatI. A ahalyAne meLavavA indrasahita badhA devA Atura hatA ane te mATe temaNe kAvAdAvA pazu ajamAvyA hatA. pAime RSine mArga vavatI zatru: e kaTuM satyano sAkSAtkAra thayA hatA. chatAM RSie gRhasthathama samajIne patnIno tyAga karyA nahotA, jo ke amuka kAraNAsara tene zilA banAvI devI paDI hatI. indranA prasa`ga pachI paNa patnIne gharamAM rAkhavA badala viSano sAmAjika bahiSkAra thayA hatA. dANApANI pazu na maLe evI kaparI paristhitimAM nATaka ekavAra Sine pAnanAM AMtaraDAM pakAvavAM paDyAM hatAM. devadrA pappu lagabhaga UThI gai hatI. ardhAMganAnA cAritrika AkSepa varSanA AghAta jIravavA RSine behada sAmapAnA Azraya levA paDayA hatA. vAmadevanA zvAnamAMsabhakSaNane ullekha manusmRtimAM Apaddharma tarIke che.pa jayAre bRhRdevatA A jANe kAi gauravaprada bAbata kAya e rIte AnA ullekha kare che. budatA to ema paNa noMdhe che. kendra janmatAMveta pAmavaSine yuddhanuM AhavAna ApyuM. madha dasa divasa sAta laDIne jItI gayA ane parAjita indranI RSie hararAjI karI.yAyamAMDaLamAM A pazu ullekha che. Ama A ahalyAprasaMge baMne pakSe sArI rasAkasI tha hatI ane chevaTe kAMIka samAdhAna thayuM hatuM. mArI samaja pramANe pAkayAne trasadasyujanmakathA sAthe nikaTa sabaMdha chaeN ane e rIte . ahalyA nirdeSi Thare che ane vAmadevaRSi rAjabhaktithI prerAI te AtmabalidAna ApanAra mahAna vibhUti kare che. AnI vistRta gRAvaTa meM anyatra karI che. vAmadevamaMDaLamAM jAvA mATe ane putra mATe je dhanya maga jovA maLe che te kaSita gRhajIvanamAM na sabave, tema ja jo deSita haiAya teA ahalyA ahalyA ( nirdoSa ) banIne RSi sAthe rahI na zake ane jo rahe te vAmadevanI racanAe RgvedanA gAtramaDAmAM sthAna na pAme. aa. 4. 18, 13 * ma manu 10, 16 6 buddhadevatA 4, 126, 131 thI 166 . 4. 1. 15 23

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 24 www.kobatirth.org vAmadevaRRSinI siddhi, AtmAnubhUti, tattvaciMtana : vAmadevaRSine amuka siddhi, rahasyA, tAMtrika zakti vazapara parAgata rIte vArasAmAM maLyAM hatAM. vAmadevaRSi, agninI mitratAthI prApta thayelI baMdhutAne jore, jorAvara duSTa tattvAne bhagADavAnI zakti dharAve che te badhutA RSine tenA pitA gAtama pAsethI vArasAmAM maLI che. gatama AMgirasagotranA hovAthI, ane agni, agirasage tranA AdipuruSa heAvAthI, AkhI vaMzapara pagamAM agni sAthenA gAtrasa badha-baMdhutA UtarI Avela che. catu maMDaLanA vaizvAnara agninA sUktamAM vAmadevaRSi agnie potAne kAMi gahana ane bhavya anubhUti karAvI hovAne dAvA kare che. eka kALe A jJAna pragaTa haro, pazu vAmadevanA samaye teA te gAyanA bhUMsAyelA pagerA jevuM aprApya hatuM. te vAmadevane batAvIne agnie bhAre meATA pakSapAta dAkhavyA che. A mahAna jJAnadhana meLavavA badala kAi peAtAnI irSyA na kare. A jJAna, pRSTha nAme saptadhAtu sAmarUpe hatuM. grophItha mAne che ke pRSTha te mAdhya dinasavana vakhate vaparAtI viziSTa sAmaracanA che. jo ke sAyaNa AvuM kahetA nathI. vidhi sAmanI adbhuta zakti viSe aneka kathAe maLe che, tethI kalpI zakAya ke A sAmamAM kAi adbhuta zakti hatI. 4 vAmadevamaharSi te janma pahelAM ja AtmAnubhUti thaI hatI ema kahevAya che. RgvedamAM A bAbatA ekarAra che. aitareya AraNyaka 2/5mAM AnA nirdeza che. aitareya upaniSada vyaktinA traNa janma nirUpIte noMdhe che ke A jJAnane lIdhe vAmadevaRSine amaratA maLI hatI.8 vAmadevamaMDaLamAM AvatA Indra-aditi-vAmadeva sa vAdamAM IndranA janmanA vikalpe vAmadevanA janmane prasa`ga paNa mAnavAmAM Ave che. temane sAmAnya rIte janmavuM nahotuM. A jANIne enI mAtAe aditinuM dhyAna dharyuM tyAre aditi indra sAthe tyAM upasthita thaI ane vAmadevaRSie garbhAmAM ja rahIne Indra sAthe carcA karI. vAmadevanA janmasabaMdhI badhI kathAe rUpakAtmaka jaNAya che, jyAM garbhavAsane leAhakArAgAra kahela che. vAmadevaRSine garbhasthita avasthAmAM ja sarvAtmabhAvanI anubhUti thaI hatI. manu, sUrya ane uzanA kavarUpe potAnA pUrvajanme temane jJAta che ane hAla pote Ajneya kutsanuM prazAsana karanArA kakSIvAna (gotranA ) RSi bananAra che tene pazu temane khyAla che. bRhadAraNyaka upaniSada nAMdhe che ke jema vAmadevaRSie sarvAtmabhAva anubhavye ema je kAI brahmabhAva anubhave, te sarvavyApI brahma bane che. * Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir A sivAya punarjanma viSe vicAranArA tattvomAM vAmadevaRSi koi gaNAya che. R. 4/26/1mAM RSi peAtAnA pUrvajanmA gaNAve che ane RR. 4/2/17mAM devA punarjanmaparaMparAne, leDhAne dhamaNuthI phUMkIne gALavAnI jema, vizuddha kare che, ema kahyuM che. temAM sanAtana AtmAne karmo pramANe punarjanma bhAgavavAnA rahe che ane tenuM kramika vizuddhIkaraNa sAvadha puruSArthothI thaI zake, ave khyAla jaDDAya che. vekthI itara sAhityamAM vAmadevaRSinu aita. 3pani. 2, 1 thI 5 bRhadA. kRtti. 1. 4. . madhumAlatI ma. trivedI For Private and Personal Use Only

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karavAmAM maharSi vAmadeva tatvajJAna " janmatrayI" nAme suvikhyAta che. te pramANe prANImAtranA traNa janma thAya che. prathama janma mAtApitAnA samAgama vakhate, bIje janma gANa tarIke janma, ane trIjo janma te mRtyu pachI janma. amaratva meLavavA IcchatA sAdhakane mATe vAmadevanuM A tatvajJAna pramANabhUta lekhAya che. vinamra vyaktitva:- RgavedanA vataryamaMDaLanA daSTA hovAne ekarAra vAmadevaRSie karyo che. kavi ane RSi tarIke temane navIna kAvyaracanAne umaMga che. temane AtmavizvAsa che ke stutinA sAdhanathI pite devanI kRpA meLavI zakaze, pitAnA yajamAnane udaya, jANe te uSAkira dhAraNa karyA hoya ema, avasthaMbhAvI che-A badhuM kharuM; paNa tenI sAthe vAmadevaRSinuM vinamra vyaktitva ekadama dhyAna kheMce che. teo Atmagaurava jarUra dharAve che. AtmAbhimAna nahi. RSi namrapaNe svIkAre che ke pitAnuM je kaMI jJAna che te agnidevanI divya bakSisa che. are, e ja nahi. jJAnanA samasta viSayo agninI ja ANa nIce che. agnie pitAne viziSTa gaNIne je rahasya ApyuM te te jANe vRSabhanI dhAraNapAtra dhurAe vatsane joDayo hoya evI vinamratA RSi darzAve che.10 RSi spaSTa svIkAre che ke A kAMI pitAnI navIna zodha nathI, agninuM pradAna che ane te paNa Aje vAI gayuM hovAthI koI jANatuM nathI, paNa eka kALe vAmadevanA pUrvajo te jANatA. have pharIthI vAmadevane te jJAna maLyuM tethI jJAnaparaMparA khaMDita thatI aTakI. RvedanA anya samartha maharSioe prasaMgopAtta AtmAbhimAna darzAvyuM che, jemake 'vizvAmitranuM brahma A pragatizIla bhArata jAtine rakSe che' (R.3.62 ). "govALiyAnI soTI jevA TacUkaDA bicArA bharatane vasiSTha agresara banyA pachI abhyaya thaye." (R. 7.33.6)AvI koI AtmazlAghA vAmadevaRSi karatA nathI. vAmadeva te puraprajAnI kaTokaTI dUra thaI ane trasadasyu jevo lAyaka rAjA sAMpaDe te mATe mitra-varuNane lAkha lAkha dhanyavAda Ape che. Ama vAmadevaRSine vinaya AkarSaka bane che. vAmadevaRSinA gotamavaMzamAM paNa tejasvI maharSi thayA che ane dhaNA te vedanA sUktadaSTA paNa che, chatAM carthamaMDaLa te AkhuM vAmadeve ja racyuM che te RSinI AtmanirbharatA batAve che. bIja saMbhavita kAraNa e hoI zake ke dAzarAyanI taLAI rahelI kaTokaTI ane jahAjadhA pakSanI aptaraMgI nItirIti jotAM ema vicArAyuM hoya ke badhA ja pratibhAzALI RSio ekasAthe rahe te kadAca vinAza Ave te kaI ja na bace. enA karatAM jada jadA pradezamAM tejasvI RSione mokalyA hoya te sarvanAza thato aTake. Ama sudUra jaI vaselA gotamavaMzI maharSiemAM dIrdhatamasUnI ane gotama rahagaNanI AkhyAyikAo te prasiddha che. gotamavaMzI RSio puru rAjavaMzanA kAyamI purohiteA hatA ane ikvAkakaLa mATe jema sumaMtrane, ema puravaMza mATe vAmadevane atyaMta AtmIyatA hatI evI spaSTa chA5 RdamAM maLe che. , 4 5 6 10 * vA, For Private and Personal Use Only

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21 madhumatI ma. trile Ama avedamAM vAmadevaRSinuM teja svI chatAM vinayAnvita, samartha rAjakuLanA javAbadAra kuLagura tarIkenuM, saniSTha, AtmAnubhUtithI gauravAnvita, AzA-umAnuM pratsAhaka chatAM zAMti ane parama kalyANanuM cAhaka ane vyaktitva upasI Ave che. vAmadevaRSine samaya dAzarAjJayuddhane kAramo samaya hato chatAM vAmadevamaMDaLamAM vijaya ke zatruvaMsanI, yaza ke dhana meLavavAnI prArthanAo eTalI badhI nathI thaIke jeTalI zAMti ane kayANa mATe thaI che. Im zabda eTalo badhe vaparAya che ke RSinuM sarva Irita temAM ja samAI jAya che. Ama vAmadeva RSine sAcA tattvadaSTA RSi kahI zakAya ema che. For Private and Personal Use Only

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allopaniSadvayam prajJA ThAkara* - upaniSade eTale tatvajJAna, vedAne pUrNa arthavinyAsa, upaniSade e vedone aMtabhAga hoI te vedAMta kahevAya che ane tethI ja temAM vidika paribhASAnuM prAdhAnya jovA maLe che. AvAM keTalAMka upaniSade ApaNuM vedomAM gUMthAyelAM che. iza, kena vagere dasa ke tera upaniSade mukhya manAyAM hovA chatAM anekAneka upaniSada Aja paryata racAtAM rahyAM che. temAM pramANamAM Adhunika kahI zakAya tevA yoga upaniSada, sAmAnya vedAnta-upaniSada, viSNava, zaiva, zAkta tathA tAMtrika upaniSade paNa che. ahIM darzAvelAM bane upaniSada pikI prathama "moniya' e zAkta-upaniSada che. zAkta upaniSade kula aDhAra che. temAM mAnato niSa sivAyanAM sattara upaniSade tAMtrika che. uparAMta sAta zAkta upaniSadanA aMte "pratyAyane saubhAgyamA..3niSa samAva" evo nirdeza kare che. paraMtu atharvavedamAM kayAMya "saumAyA "ulalekha thayo nathI. jo ke, atno niSanA aMte te prakArane ulekha na hatAM 'tti mA-paniSat tamAzA' ema ja darzAvAyuM che. A alhA-sAnika (zAta-upaniSada ] traNa maMtronuM baneluM che. temAM IlA, varaNa, mitra, aryamA vagere devatAonAM nAmone ulekha vAraMvAra jovA maLe che. mukhyatve "ilA 'nI stuti karavAmAM AvI che. te A pramANe che: he pRthvI, tAra mAtRsvarUpa aneka divyane dhAraNu kare che; he IlA, varuNa rAjAe e rUpa pharIthI pAchAM ApyAM che. (vAraMvAra ApyAM che) , mitra, tAruM AvAhana karuM chuM. tAruM, IlAnuM AvAhana karuM chuM. he IlA, he IlA, tane bolAvuM chuM; tAruM AvAhana karuM chuM. jene tejanI kAmanA che, te mitra deva IlAnuM AvAhana kare che. (maMtra-1). huM IlA pAse gaye chuM; tuM paNa IlA pAse gayo che. tuM aryamA pAse paNa gayo che. varaNa paNa aryamA pAse gayo che. A dIrdhAyane dhAraNa karanAra va2Na A samagra saMsArane dhAraNa kare che. te dIrdhAyu che, bhakti vahana karanArane mATe te sugama che. Indra tenuM AvAhana karanAra pAse jAya che. sarvakoSTha evo Indra ane saptarSio-e badhAM tathA devo paNa saMtuSTa thAya che. (maMtra-2). sAyAya', pR. 28, aMka 1-2, dIpotsavI vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, ekabara 1990ziArI 191. pR. 2-74. * maharSi vedavijJAna akAdamI, amadAvAda For Private and Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 28 www.kobatirth.org hu ilAne aMgeA prasArIne, nIce namIne namana karu` chuM ( ma`tra-3 ). A upaniSadanuM nAma ajJAsaniSaya che paraMtu upaniSadamAM kyAMya nA zabdanA prayAga thayA nathI. * majjA 'nA artha - A mother, * The supreme Goddess '--arthAt mAtA kai sazaktimAna devI, evA thAya che. jo ke, upaniSadamAM mukhyatve jJAnI stuti karAI che. x phUla ' zabdanA artha bhUmi, gAya, vANI, vaivasvata manunI kanyA--evA thAya che. arthAt A mAtRzakti pAsethI Indra, aryamA, mitra, varuNu vagere devAe divyatva tema ja dIrdhAyu prApta karelAM che. A zaktithI ja te sarvazaktimAna che; tema A zAkta upaniSadamAM spaSTa rIte darzAvAyuM che. varuNu zabda paNa mAtra pazcima dizAnA deva athavA jalanA deva pUrato maryAdita nathI. paraMtu varuNu eTale parabrahma, paramazakita, izvara svarUpa tevA thAya che. athavA vAti si caLaH '--nA arthamAM varuNu zabda prayojAyA che. Ama samagra vizvane dhAraNa karanAra varuNu tathA sarvazaktimAna Indra ane saptarSi A vageree ilAnuM AvAhana karyuM che. tethI IlA A badhA ja devatAo karatAM sarvAparI che. udAharaNa : hUrtaH A zAkta upaniSada vikRtipAThanA ATha prakAro paikI gaTAvAnI paddhatine maLatuM Ave che. jo ke temAM zAstrazuddha jaTApAnA prayAga prApta thatA nathI. jaTApAThanAM lakSaNo tathA udAharaNu A pramANe che H brUyAt karmaviparyA sakamamIdRgvidhiM dizet / jaTAkhyAM vikRti dhImAn vijJAya kamalakSaNam // Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir agnimILa ILe'gnimagnimILe / ILe purohitaM purohitamILa I pu'roddatam / purohitaM ya'jJasya' ya'jJasya' pu'rohi'taM pu'rohi'taM ya'jJasya' / I pu'rohi'ta'mati' pu'raHvi'tam / prajJA kAra jaTA mAlA zikhA lekhA dhvajo daNDo ratho ghanaH / aSTau vikRtayaH proktAH kramapUrvA manISibhiH // For Private and Personal Use Only

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/ yazasya devaM devaM yajJasya yajJasya devam / devamRtvijamutvioM devaM devamRtvijam / Rtvijamitya'tvijam // uttarA hAtAraM ratnapAtama ratnadhAtAmaM hotAraM hotAraM ratnadhAtamam / ratnapAtamamiti ratnadhAtamam // A udAharaNa sAthe alAupaniSadane sarakhAvIe te temAM sAmyane AbhAsa najare paDe che. paraMtu tenA trIja maMtramAM ekanuM eka pada pAMca vAra ApavAmAM Avela che. jyAre vikatipAThamAM kayAMya eka ja padane prayoga pAMcavAra thayelo jovA maLatuM nathI. A dRSTie te jaTApAThanI paddhatithI juduM paDe che. zAkata upaniSadanuM udAharaNa A pramANe che. tene uparokta jaTApAThanA uddhA sAthe sarakhA. digyAni patte vase divyAni divyAni dhase / batta ilala ilale dhatte dhatta ilale / patta iti dhatta / / isasa baruNo varuNa ilala ilale varuNaH / ilala iti ilale / baruNo rAjA rAjA varuNo varuNo rAjA / rAjA punaH punaH rAjA rAjA punaDhuMH / punarnu riti punaH duH| hayAmi mitro mitro hvayAmi hvayAmi mitraH / mitra ilAmiyAM mitro mitra ilAm / ilAmilana ilala ilAmilAmilale / isasa ilAmilAmilala ilala ilAm / ilAM varuNo baruNa ilAmilA varuNaH / paNo mitro mitro varuNo varuNo mitraH / mitrastejaskAmastejaskAmA mitro mitrastejaskAmaH / tejaskAma iti tejaH kAmaH // maMtra-1 // 2 ilAmilAmilAmilAmilAm / ilelAkaba)'kabaha ilelaakbho'kbh ilelAkabADakabaha ilelAkabokabaha : ilelaaphbo'kbhH| akabo'smyakabo'smyakabahA~'smyakaboM 'smyakabo'smi / For Private and Personal Use Only

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have ApaNe bIja alepaniSada vize vicArIzuM. tene bhAvArtha A pramANe che. varuNanI divyatA bhUmi upara utare che. mitra ane varuNanAM divyarUpa dekhAya che; jasthAya che. rAja vaNe mane (vacana ke AzIrvAda ) pharIthI ApyuM che. huM mitranuM AvAhana karuM chuM. mAre tejanI kAmanA che. huM varuNa ane mitrane bolAvuM chuM. Indra devone utA che. mane hetAne paNa te bolAve che. Indra ane devo mane tyaje nahIM alA e sarvathI choDa che, sarvathI cha che, paramamahAna che; pUrNa che ane parabrahmanI zakti che. arthAta mAtA che. eka staMbha meM rAkhe che. huM yajJa vaDe, yajJamAM sUrya, caMdra, nakSatra vagerene Ahuti ApuM chuM. RSionA sarva atharvamaMtro vaDe huM Indrane pahelAM ane pachI tenI cheSTha mAyAne Ahati ApuM chuM. pRthvImAM je kAMI che te badhuM allAnuM che ane varuNa rAjA te pharIthI manuSyane Ape che. huM mitra, alA, mahAna dayAzIla evA bhagavAnane bolAvuM chuM. enAmAM pUrNatA bharelI che. allA anAdi svarUpa che. A atharvaNuM zAkhA manuSya, pazuo, jalacara vagere, badhA para anAdi kALathI kRpA karanArI che. allAnI zakti ane saMhAra karanArI che. - A upaniSadamAM prayojAyelAM-TrAya karajo, da, bI, sumarAja, fsahasattA vagere zabdo arabI ke anya koI bhASAmAMthI levAyA che. e rIte ahIM saMskRta tathA asaMskRta zabdonuM mizraNa paNa jovA maLe che. saMskRtanAM padonI chAyA mAtra jovA maLe che. kAraNa saMskRta pada je rIte prajAtuM hoya che tevo prayoga ahIM jovA maLato nathI. paraMtu anya koI bhASAnA niyama anusAra saMskRta padene upayoga karyo hoya tema lAge che. vaLI manAvajana 5damAM ba. va. laIe te ghare kriyApada yogya lAgatuM nathI. tevI ja rIte vanat trgApuna: paNa baMdhabesatuM nathI. kAraNu varUNa ekavacanamAM che. vaLI maMtra bIjAnI prathama paMktimAM kaMIka khUTatuM hoya ke kema tUTa hoya tevuM lAge che. marI: zabdano artha spaSTa thatuM nathI. tathA pUvaSNu e vicitra samAsa lAge che. maMtra sAtamAM darzAvela ida haka 6 zabdo dvArA janI athavaNa paddhatinAM darzana thAya che, je pAchaLathI taMtranA nAme jANItI thaI. A alopaniSada ghaNuM moDuM lakhAyuM hoya tema lAge che. chatAM temAM prathama darzAvela zAktaupaniSadanI chApa dekhAya ja che. A upaniSada sAta maMtronuM baneluM che, jo ke zAktaupaniSadanI jema te vikatipAThanI paddhati pramANe racAyeluM nathI. zAkta upaniSadanA aMtamAM ke maMtramAM kayAMya are no ke tenI zAkhAne ulekha thayela nathI. jyAre A upaniSadamAM maMtra sAtamAM 'mAvI gar" e ullekha karavAmAM Avyo che. temaja upaniSadanA aMtamAM paNa "f avayaMvaramAM sano rivallabhU che' e spaSTa nirdeza kare che. jo ke A alopaniSada atharvavedamAM kayAMya jovA maLatuM nathI. uparAMta ta atharvanarANamAM ema darzAvyuM che. paraMtu atharvavedanI kaI zAkhAnuM upaniSada che tene ulekha kayAMya nathI. For Private and Personal Use Only

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khonikAn 31 atharvavedanI nava zAkhAo che. ? vizvanA 2 no athavA taura 3 nauH 4 zaunIya 6 gAgaNa 6 gamata 7 8 8 heyara ane 1 pArA-A zAkhAo paikI fpacqnAra ane nA zAkhAnA keTalAka grantha Aje upalabdha che. jayAre anya zAkhAo lupta thaI che. A vizvAsa, nara zAkhAonA graMthomAM paNa uparyukta baMne upaniSade kayAMya prApta thatAM nathI. AthI ema jaNAya che ke A upaniSade pAchaLathI lakhAyelAM haze. uparAMta dvitIya avalopaniSadamAM keTalAka zabda te zAkta upaniSadamAMthI sIdhA ja UtarI AvelA hoya tevuM jaNAya che. zAkta upaniSadane prathama maMtra che philmAni patta nita no nA junA hayAmi mitro tane dUra karo mitro temanAma: jayAre bIjA alepaniSadane prathama maMtra A pramANe che. * hariH OM varuNAnudimyAnudAttaM illalla mitrA hI asmallAM illalle mitrAvaruNAdivyAni dhatte illalle varuNo rAjApunarvaduH hamAmi mitro illA illalle illAM varuNo mitro segama: | bIjA alopaniSadamAM prathama be paMkita vadhAre che te pachI tivyani je thI tenAma: sudhI baMne upaniSadomAM maMtra eka ja sarakhe jovA maLe che. taphAvata mAtra eTale che ke bIja ahale paniSadamAM ne sthAne allAM, ane te sthAne ane punarva ne sthAne punaraMtu zabdone prayoga jovA maLe che. punardu zabda vedomAM paNa kayAMka kayAMka jovA maLe che. paNa te zAstrIya prayoga nathI. pANinIya vyAkaraNa anusAra punaH prayoga vadhu ucita che. baMne upaniSadenA bIjA maMtramAM- "tAramo' zabda samAna che. taduparAMta zAktaupaniSadamAM "ko ma ko ' zabda che. jyAre bIjA alepaniSadamAM jo mANAsundrA zabda che, je bahu spaSTa thato nathI. zAkta upaniSadanA trIja maMtramAM eka ja padane pAMcavAra prayoga karavAmAM Avela che. jyAre A alepaniSadamAM A prAga kayAMya nathI. vaLI trathI sAta maMtro zAkta upaniSada karatAM judA paDe che. baMne upaniSadomAM Ijha, mitra, varuNu vagere devatAonAM nAmone ulalekha maLe che. zAsta upaniSadamAM zuddha saMskRta zabdone gaga thayeluM che. kayAMya anya bhASAnA zabdo jovA maLatA nathI, jyAre bIjA alopaniSadamAM phArasI, arabI, urdU zabdonuM mizraNa jovA maLe che. AvA anya bhASAnA zabdaprayogane kAraNe evuM anumAna karIe ke bolivara muslima sattAdhIzene For Private and Personal Use Only

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khuza karavA lakhAyuM haze te paNa prathama bonipara te dhaNuM vaheluM lakhAyuM che ane temAM mAM arthAta pRvI ke sarvazaktimAna mAtRzaktinI stuti che. bIjA alepaniSAmAM karA ane allA zahAnA ayoga. allAnA artha paya maav| thAya che. meTalA mana mallAnA zabdasAmyane kAraNe ja ene muslima zAsakone khuza karavA mATenuM upakaraNa gaNuAvavuM yogya lAgatuM nathI. te uparAMta anya bhASAomAM jema saMskRta ane ApaNuM saMskRtine gabhAva che tema A zabda paNa IslAme ApaNuM vaidika sAhityamAMthI ja nahi pAmo hoya ? e paNa sazAdhana bhAgatIpAta sAjecha. allAnA artha pA sazatibhAna yAya. pArasImAnA avestAmAM paNa RgavedanA aMza jevA maMtro che. vaLI islAma ane hiMdu saMskRtine eka karavAnA hetusara A prayatna karAyo hoya te mAnyatA paNa nakArI zakAya tema nathI. noMdha:-zAkta upaniSada tathA alle paniSadane pATha A sAthe sAmela che. [prathama masApanipAna ] zAkta-upaniSadaH allA-upaniSat vivyAni dhatte dhatte divyAni divyAni bhatte / dhatta ilala ilale dhatte dhatta ilale / dhatta iti bhatte / ilale varuNo varuNa ilala ilala varuNaH / ilala iti ilale / varuNo rAjA rAjA varuNo varuNo rAjA / rAjA punadUM: puna* rAjA rAjA punaDhuM: / punarduriti punaHduH / / hayAmi mitro mitro hvayAmi hvayAmi minaH / mitra ilAmilAM mitro mitra ilAm / ilAmilala ilala ilAmilAmilale / ilala ilAmilAmilala ilala ilAm / ilAM varuNo varuNa ilAmilAM varuNaH / varuNo mitro mitro varuNo varuNo mitraH / mitrastejaskAmastejaskAmo mitro mitrastejaskAmaH / tejaskAma iti tejaH kAmaH // 1 // ayAmilAmilAmayAmayAmilAm / ilAM tvaM tvamilAmilAM tvam / tvamaryamamayamaM tvaM tvamayaMmam / For Private and Personal Use Only

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nallopaniSadvayam aryamaM varuNo varuNo'yamamayamaM varuNaH / varuNo dama dama varuNo varuNo dadhma / dama dIrghAyurvIrghAyurdama dama dIrghAyuH / dIrghAyurvahate bahate dIrghAyurdI yubahate / dIrghAyuriti dIrgha AyuH / vahate suyaH suyo bahate vahate suyaH / suya iti suyaH / . . hotAramindra indro hotAraM hotAramindraH / indro hotAraM hotAramindra indro hotAram / indro mahAsurendro mahAsurendra indra indro mahAsurendraH / mahAsurendraH saptaRSayaH saptaRSayo mahAsurendro mahAsurendraH saptaRSayaH / saptaRSayaH saM saM saptaRSayaH saptaRSayaH sam / saptaRSaya iti saptaRSayaH / saM tuSTa tuSTa saM saM tuSTa / tuSTa devA devAstuSTa tuSTa devAH / devA iti devAH / ilAmilAmilAmilAmilAm / ilelAkabo'kabaha ilelAkaboDakabaha ilelAkabA~DakabaI ilelAkabo'kabaha ilelAkaba)'kabahaH / akabarho'smyakabo'smyakabahA'smyakabarho'smayakabosmi // 3 // iti allA-upaniSat samAptA / [dvitIya masApani 54] atha allopaniSat / hariH OM varuNanudivyAnudAttaM illalle mitrA hI bhasmallA illalle mitrAvaruNAdivyAni patte / illalle varuNo rAjApunarvaduH hayAmimitro illAM illalle illAM varuNo mitro tejaskAmaH // 1 // hU~ hotAramindro hotA indro rA mAhAsuritAH / bhallo jeSThaM zreSThaM paramaM pUrNa brahmaNa allAm // 2 // dro allo rasulamahaMmadarakabarasya allo bhallAM bhAbalAbumekakaM niravAtakam // 1 // 11.5 For Private and Personal Use Only

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.. allo yajena hutvaH bhallA sUryacandrasarvanakSatrA: allo RSiNAM sarvAcA indrAya pUrva mAyA . paramaM antarIkSAH // 4 // allo pRthivyAni dhatte Illalle varuNo rAjA punardada: / illalle kabaraillAM kabaraillAM illeti illalle // 5 // hariH OM asya illaM illalle mitrAvaruNo rAjA pUrNadaSyaH / hvayAmi mitro illAM kabara illAM rasulamahaMmadarakabarasya alle allo pUrNadadhyaH // 6 // hariH OM allA illallA anAdisvarUpAya AtharvaNI zAkhA hI janAnAM pazusiddhAn jalacarAn adRSTaM kuru kuru * phaT / asurasaMhAriNIM hUM allo * rasulamahaMmadarakabarasmalle allo illalle tillallAH // 7 // iti atharvaNazAkhAyAM allopaniSatsampUrNA // sayadhi: [1] aprakAzitA upaniSadaH / saMpA. DaoN. ci. kuMjanarAjamahAzaya, prakA. bI avAra lAyabrarI (thiyosophIkala sosAyaTI), madrAsa, 1933. / [2] Vedavikstilaksana--Samgraha.. [Al collection of twelvo tracts on vedavikitis and allied topics] Edited by: The Late Prof. K. V. Abhyankar and G. V. Devasthali. Pub, by-Hon. secretary, B.O.R.I; Poona-411004, June-1978. [3] The Practical Sanskrit-English Dictionary-Vaman Shivram Apto, Pub. : Motilal Banarasidass, Delhi, fourth Edition, 1978. [4] saMskRta-gujarAtI zabdaratnamahAdadhi-bhAga-1 saMzodhaka-paM. bhagavAnadAsa purabacaMda, prakA: zeTha bhogIlAla sAMkaLacaMda, ahamadAbAda, sana-1927. (saMvata-1993). [5] vaiyAkaraNasiddhAntakaumudI-tRtIyo bhAgaH / (bAlamanoramA-tattvabodhimIsahitA). paM. giradharazarmA caturvedaH, prakA. motIlAla banArasIdAsa, dilhI 1982. [6] vaidika sAhitya aura saMskRti-le. AcArya baladeva upAdhyAya, prakA. zAradA saMsthAna, 37 bI, ravIndrapurI, durgAkuNDa, vArANasI-5, 1980. [7] brahmanityakarmaH prakA. aruNa yajJadatta zAstrI, 29, bANagaMgA, muMbaI naM-400.06. For Private and Personal Use Only

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prAcIna vizva: eka vihaMgAvalokana che. bhegIlAla ja. sAMDesarA 'vizvadarzana' e bahu moTe zabda che. emAM zuM ane keTaluM kahI zakAya ? paNa sthAlIpulAka nyAye abhyAsIo ane itihAsavidoe je kahyuM che, tethI vizvamAM mAnavanI ane mAnavasaMskRtinI utkrAntinuM nidarzana te e dvArA avazya thAya che. prAga-itihAsakALamAM mAnava jyAre barbara dazAmAM hatA, hADakAMnAM hathiyArothI prANIone zikAra karI, kAcuM mAMsa khAI, sAmI ToLIo sAthe yuddha karIne jIvana gujArate hatA tyAre paNa guphAmAM citro te dorate hate; barbara avasthAmAM paNa kalAnI vRtti ane pravRttine e AviSkAra hate. TALIo yAyAvara hatI-rakhaDu hatI, ekathI bIjA sthaLe pharyA karatI hatI; 'TALI ' eTale kAma (-Tcha " javuM' e dhAtu uparathI ). jyAM eka karatAM vadhu ToLIo bhegI thAya ane yuddha kare e che + Fr=', pachI yAyAvara TALIo eka sthaLe sthira thaI hatI, e sthAnane paNa "grAma' (gAma-gAmaDuM) e nAma maLyuM. Adi mAnavanI saMskRta mAnava tarIMkanI utkrAntimAM be moTI zodha kAraNabhUta che--khetInI zAdha ane agninI zedha. khetIthI anna pedA thayuM ane tethI lekavyavahAra cAle, eTaluM ja nahi, paNa sikkAnA abhAvamAM viniyamanI paddhatithI mAlanuM AdAnapradAna thayuM; godhana ane dhAnya e kharAM dhana. bIjI mahatvanI zedha te agninI. aNikASTha dhasIne athavA cakamaka dhasIne agni saLagAvyA na hota te kAcuM dhAna raMdhAta kevI rIte ? AthI ja jagatamAM agninI pUjA thaI che ane veda'nI prathama RcA agnimILe purohitaM yajJasya devaM atvijam / hotAraM ratnadhAtamam // . - ema aninI stuti kare che ane emAM Ichata zAbdika parivartana thatAM "avestA 'nI kathA banI jAya che. lagnavidhi agninI sAkSIe thAya che. agnihotrane agni kadI khUjhAte nathI. asura, akkaDa, misama, grIsa ane misaranI prAcIna saMskRtimAM agninuM sthAna mahatvanuM che. yajJamAM arpaNa thatA havi devone pahoMcADavAnuM kAma aninuM che. moheMjo daDo ane harapAsaMskRtimAM paNa anapUjAne sthAna hatuM. ". "pAdhyAya', pR. 28, aMka 1-2, dIpesava-vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, ai kaTobara 1990phebruArI 1991, pR. 35-401 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Do. gItA ja. sAMDesarA khetI ane agni pachI trIjI zedha te mATInAM vAsaNa banAvavAnI. rasoI kaMI patarALAM paDiyAmAM na thAya. kuMbhAranA cAkaDA upara vividha prakAranAM mATInAM vAsaNa banyAM, tethI raI zakaya banI. kuMbhakAranAM sarjana e paNa ajaba sRSTi che. AthI kuMbhAra "prajApati kahevAya. " mATInAM vAsaNa pachI agatyanI zodha paiDAMnI. kuMbhAranA cAkaDA upara mATInAM vividha prakAranAM vAsaNa banatAM hatAM; te paNa Ijipta jevA saMskRta dezamAM, perunA I-kA sAmrAjyamAM, mekisake, gvATemAlA ane yukATAnanI maya saMskRtimAM tema ja e pachI tyAM vikaselI AjhaTeka saMskRtimAM paiDuM nahotuM, e Azcaryajanaka che. perumAMthI yuropane sikonAnuM vRkSa maLyuM jeNe jagatamAM meleriyAne roko paNa yurope badalAmAM bAkInA vizvane sIphIlisa Apya; (AyurvedanI prAcIna saMhitAomAM e roga nathI; pachInA granthamAM te 'phiraMgarega kahevAya che.) amIra-umarA ane dharmaguruo pAlakhImAM besatA, saMdezAvyavahAra jhaDapathI doDanAra kAsada mAraphata cAlato, smaraNa mATe amuka prakAranI gAMTha vALavAmAM AvatI. AjhaTaka leke pAse ghoDA nahatA temaja dArUgoLe na hato. tethI teo speniyADethI jaladI parAjita thaI gayA. penanA dharmAnja kethalika pAdarIoe AjhaTekanuM lagabhaga badhuM sAhitya bALI nAkhyuM ane temanI pAsethI senAne mabalakha bhaMDAra hato, te lUMTI lIdhA. saMskRta "hATaka" eTale "senuM '. pRthvIne pazcima golAdha e pAtAdeza. tyAM hATakezvaranuM mandira hatuM ane e pradezamAM puSkaLa senuM hatuM, enuM varNana purANamAM Ave che. (nAgare paradezathI AvelI prajA che; emanA kuLadeva hATakezvara che; jue devadatta bhAMDArakarane lekha Foreign Elements in Hindu Population) mekisakanI sarahada upara AvelA yu. esa. e. nA erijhonA rAjyanA sAna zaheramAM, yunivarsiTI opha erijhonAnA myujhiyamamAM meM eka citra jeya hatuM. peniyADa mukhyatve sonuM levA mATe AjhaTeka rAjya upara AkramaNa karatA hatA; AthI keTalAka AjhaTeka Iyine eka speniza saradAranuM paheluM pahoLuM karIne emAM sonAne UkaLato rasa reDI ene mArI nAkhe che. maya ane AjhaTekanuM thoDuMka sAhitya hajI bacyuM che, paNa enI lipi haja saMtoSakAraka rIte UkalI nathI; tethI maya ane AjhaTeka saMskRti viSenI mAhitI mukhyatve emanAM bhavya sthApatyomAMthI maLI che. saMskRtinI vaLI mahattvanI zodha te lipi. lipidvArA ja saMskRtine vAraso peDhI dara peDhI sacavAI rahe che. harapana lipine sara jahona mArzala eka rIte vAMce che, phAdhara herAsa bIjI rIte vAMce che, De. prANanAtha trIjI rIte vAMce che, phinalenDanA papelA bradharsa cothI rIte vAMce che ane bIjA keTalAka vidvAne vaLI pAMcamI, chaTTI ane sAtamI rIte vAMce che. kAraNa e ke sibdha skRtinI-lethalanI ekapaNa mudrA be lipimAM nathI ! grIka sikkAo upara mIka ane brAhmI ema be lipinI mudrAnI sahAyathI azokanA zilAlekhanI brAhmI lipi ane e ja rIte semiTika mULanI kharoSThI lipi (je jamaNethI DAbI bAja lakhAtI te) ukelI zakAI. IjiptanI "rojhITA sTona' nAmathI oLakhAtI pracaMDa zilA briTiza myujhiyamamAM che, tenI sahAyathI IjiptanI - hIrAlIkika' (Heiroglyphic)-citralipi vAMcI zakAI ane ijiptanI hajAro varSa jUnI For Private and Personal Use Only

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prAthana vizva eka hibAhona saMskRti upara apUrva prakAza pa. panuM IjituvidyA (Egyptology )ne susthira bhUmikA upara mukavAne yaza nepoliyana bonApArTa che. e je moTe vijetA hatA e ja vidyAsika hatA; teNe Ijipta upara caDhAI karI tyAre pratyeka zAstra ane vijJAnanA niSNAtone phrAnsamAMthI pitAnI sAthe te Ijipta laI gayo hato ane tyAMthI je vipula etihAsika sAmagrI lAvavAmAM AvI, te kAnsanA pabamAM brunena rAjavaMzanA mahela "lutra 'mAM goThavAyelA myujhiyamamAM rakSita che. paNa ijiptamAM ye 13 nahetuM-lAkaDAnuM paiDuM paNa nahotuM. e saMjogomAM pIrAmiDa jevI addabhuta imArate bAMdhavA mATe (jene prAcIna kALanA grIka Seven wonders of the World )-AlamanI sAta ajAyabIo paikI eka gaNutA ) hajaro gulAmo upara je julama thate enuM ghaNAjanaka citra purAvidoe IjiptanI citralipinA lekha uparathI doryuM che. esiriyA, akkaDa, khADiyA, mesopoTemiyA, pelesTAIna, zAma (sIriyA), arabastAna, IrAna Adi dezamAM rAjamahela ane madiramAM pustakAlaya hatAM. kAgaLa te tyAre have ja nahi, keTaluMka vRkSanI chAlamAMthI banelA padArtha "pepisa' (jemAMthI aMgrejI zabda Paper " kAgaLa vyutpanna thayo che) upara lakhAyuM hatuM, paNa moTe bhAge e pustakAlaya pakavelI mATI (TerraCotta)nI takatIo upara che. evI hajAre takatIo nAza pAmavA chatAM bIjI hajAre bacI che. esiriyAnA rAjA asura bAnIpalanI (jene keTalAka vidvAna " harivaMza'mAM varNavelI ane pachI gujarAtI vagere navya bhAratIya bhASAomAM prasiddha "uSAharaNa'-'okhAharaNa"nI kathAnI nAyikA uSAne pitA bANAsura mAne che) lAyabrerI ane bIjA prasiddha rAjA hamurabInA kAyadAnI (Code of Hammurabi) likhita takatIo suprasiddha che. cAmaDA upara lakhAyelA yahudI dharmanA prAcInatama dastAvejo mRta sarovara pAsenI eka guphAmAMthI paeNDAMka varSa pahelAM lagabhaga surakSita maLyA che: e Dead sea scroll tarIke oLakhAya che ane te upara yuropIya ane amerikana vidvAnoe sAruM kAma karyuM che. dhAtanI zodha thatAM tAmrAma yuga Ave ane te pachI lohayuga zarU thaye tathA lokhaMDanAM ejara ane hathiyAre banavA lAgyA ane saMskRtie Agekuca karI. bhAratamAM bauddhadharmanI sthApanA pachI traNeka sadIo sudhI buddhanI mUrti thaI nahotI, paNa emanA dharmacakrapravartananA pratIka tarIke cakranI pUjA thatI hatI. jena dharmamAM paNa ema ja hatuM, e mathurAne jaina stUpa, je atiprAcIna hoI jena Agama sAhityamAM paNa "devanirmita stUpa' tarIke oLakhAtA emAM tIrthakaranI mUrtine sthAne dharmacaka che. bhagavAna viSNunA sudarzana cakrane paNa ahIM yAda karavuM joIe. mAnave lokhaMDanA canI zodha karI ane jaMgalI ghoDAne paloTI savArImAM lIdhe ane rathanI sAthe je te sAthe prAcIna ItihAsamAM parivahanamAM AmUla krAti thaI, jenI tulanA ogaNIsamI sadInA AraMbhamAM javaLa varALa yaMtranI zodha sAthe thaI zake. ghoDesavAra ane ratha For Private and Personal Use Only

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* ! - ha gI ja. sirA na heta te sikaMdara grIsathI bhArata sudhI AvI zakata nahi ane caMgIjhakhAna (e musalamAna nahi paNa bauddha hata) kesTeTinepala- je romana samrAToe khristI dharma svIkAryA pachIpavitra romana sAmrAjya Holy Roman Empire-nuM pATanagara hatuM ane turko dvArA rAmana sAmrAjyanuM patana thayA pachI IstaMbula banyuM) sudhI pahoMcI zakata nahi lakhaMDa ane polAdanI zAdhane kAraNe tathA-bhale ochA pramANamAM paNa-bhUgarbha telanI prAtine kAraNe dhanurvedamAM ye #na thaI; bANunAM prANaghAtaka phaNAM banyAM, zatru sainya upara baLatAM bANa phekI zakAyAM, sUryakAnta maNinI sahAyathI pitAnI chAvaNImAM besIne zatrunya upara Aga lagADI zakAtI ane jheranuM tathA jherI vanaspatinuM jJAna thatAM jherI bAne varasAda varasAvI zakAte ane zatrune jherI pizAka paherAvI ene vadha karI zakAte. 'mudrArAkSasa' AdimAM varNavelI viSakanyAe aitihAsika havAne pAke saMbhava che. (gujarAtanA sulatAna muhammada begaDAne tenI dAIe bAlapaNuthI amuka pramANamAM aphINa khavarAvyuM hatuM. tethI te pukhta vayano thayo tyAre tenA zarIra upara mAkhI bese te te marI jatI ema phArasI tavArIkhakAre noMdhe che). gAmaDAM vistRta thatAM ane vinimaya dvArA paNa vyavahArano vistAra thanAM nagare thayAM. kizoralAla mazarUvALAe saMskRtinA be bheda pADayA che-saMta saMskRti ane bhadra saMskRti. RSionA AzramonI saMtasaMskRti hatI paNuM nAgarika jIvana e bhadra saMskRtinuM udbhavasthAna che. nagara e saMskRtinuM pracAra kendra che. saptasiMdhunA pradezamAM ane gaMgAyamunAnAM medAnamAM Aryo jyAre Azrama jevA nivAsamAM rahetA hatA tyAre moheM-jo-Dere ane harappAnA-saMbhavataH drAviDanagaravAsI saMskRtinI ucca kakSAe pahocelA hatA. grIka saMskRtine uddabhava ane vikAsa tyAMnAM nAnakaDAM nagara-rAjyomAM thaye hato; enuM sAtatya madhyakAlIna iTalInAM venIsa, jinoA Adi nagararAjyomAM jovA maLe che. pachInA samayamAM grIka saMskRtine vAra alekajhAnDriyA, rAma ane kasTanTinopala-e moTAM nagaroe sAcavyo hato. bhAratanA prAcIna ItihAsamAM pATaliputra, mathurA, takSazilA, pratiSThAna, rAjagRha- ujajayinI, vaizAlI, bharUca, ghoghA ane sapArA tathA madhyakAlIna itihAsamAM kaneja, dhArA, pATaNa ane vijayanagara jevAM nagaranA vRttAnta e ja satya rajU kare che. bhAratanA. hadayabhAgamAM AvelI vArANasI nagarI seMkaDo varSa thayAM samasta bhAratavarSamAM dharma ane saMskAritAne prasAra karI rahI che. gujarAtanA itihAsane, A dRSTie vicAra karatAM, keTalAMka pradhAna nagarane itihAsa ja kAlAnukrame najare paDe che. paurANika kALamAM zrIkRSNanI dvArikA ane pachI girinagara-jUnAgaDha, valabhI, zrIpAla-bhInamAla, aNahilavADa pATaNa ane chele amadAvAda-eTalAM nagaranA itihAsamAM gujarAtane rAjakIya temaja sAMskRtika itihAsa mukhyatve samAI jAya che. saMskRtamAM narane eka paryAya bIvana che. AthI nadIne lokamAtA kahI che. nagaro nadIkinAre vase ke samudrakinAre vase; tyAMthI dezaparadeza sAthe vepAra cAle. 'pattana -paNupATaNa eTale vyavahAra ane vepAranuM kendra pATaliputra, ujjayinI, aNahilavADa; Adi sthalapattane hatAM; dvArakA. sopArA Adi jalapattana hatAM. videzamAM eDane, jhAMjhIbAra, sekeTa Adi jalapattana For Private and Personal Use Only

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prAcIna vizva: eka vihaMgAvalokana hatAM; bhadrezvara, pArAdIpa (orissA), bharUca, surata, khaMbhAta, cIna, govA tathA videzomAM alekajhAnDrivA, TAyara, sIDena, kAyeMja, venIsa, jinoA, laMDana, mArsesa Adi ubhayapattana hatAM. " ... " prAraMbhanAM zAsana e nagararAja hatAM-prajAtaMtro hatAM. bhAratamAM aneka nagararAjyanA ullekho vizeSataH jaina ane bauddha sAhityamAM maLe che. yAdavonuM gaNarAjya hatuM; mahAvIranA pitA vaizAlInA gaNarAjyanA eka agraNI hatA paNa morya ane gupta sAmrAjyanA vistAravAde gaNarAjyone vinAza karyo, e ghaTanAnuM kalAtmaka nirUpaNa " darzaka'nI navalakathA "dIpanirvANa'mAM che. je vyavasthAzIla pracaMDa vijetA ane vIratvanA tapakhA jevA rAjavIonA saMdharSamAM aneka mahAkAvyonI sAmagrI paDI che"--"jaya somanAtha' navalakathAnI prastAvanAmAM munazInuM vAkya ahIM yAda Ave che.. grIsanAM nagararAje Adhunika arthamAM lokazAhI rAje (Democratic States) nahi, paNa amIrazAhI rAja (Plutocracy) hatAM; emAM nAgarike karatAM gulAmonI saMkhyA vadhAre hatI ! zikSaka, vaidyo ane philasUpha paDyuM moTe bhAge gulAma hatA ane amuka zaratee teo svataMtra thaI zaktA. (gulAme ane temanI svataMtratA viSe koTilyanA arthazAstra'mAM paNa prakaraNa che). mIka rAjya maMyakAlIna bhAratanAM rAjapUta rAjyanI jema-aMdarodara bAkhaDayA karatAM paNa paracAnI sAme meTe bhAge eka thaI jatAM. bopharansanI sAmudradhunI-jene zrI ke "helenTa' tarIke oLakhatA-AgaLa IrAnI samrATa dArAnA lAkhonA susajaja sainyane prakAe harAvyuM tyAre eka grIka AgevAne uddagAra kADhayo hato ke "IrAnI samrATa ApaNI garIbI luMTavA AvyA hatA ! " mahAna alekajhAnDara-sikaMdare-ijiptanA uttara kinAre alekajhA inagara vasAvyuM, e prIka ane Araba saMskRtinuM viziSTa drAvaNapAtra tathA vidyA ane saMskRti kendra hatuM. prAcIna jagatanuM kadAca sauthI vizALa pustakAlaya tyAre hatuM. kahevAya che ke eka khaliphAe te bALI nAkhyuM. (e mATenI pecIdI dalIla-Dilemma-evI che ke A pustakamAM je kaMI hoya te kurAnamAM paDyuM hoya te A pustakAlayanI jarUra nathI ane kurAnamAM je nathI te AmAM hoya te paNa enI jarUra nathI !) khalIphAonA samayamAM rAjasattA ane dharmasattA eka hatI-zAsaka dharmaguru paNa hatA (Theocracy); zIkha guruonI paNa dharmasattA hatI. moTA bhAganA pAzcAtya vidvAnoe ema mAnyuM che ke Aryo madhya eziyAmAMthI bhAratamAM AvyA; ne e mATe kaze etihAsika AdhAra Aja sudhI koI e A nathI! varuNa ane nAsatya (be azvinIkumAra ) e vaidika devanA saMmAnapUrvaka ulekha eziyA mAInaramAM bAgAjhakaI pAsenI guphAmAM che. lokamAnya TiLaka (Orion and Arctic Home in the Vedas), harmana yAkobI (bhAratIya khagoLazAma viSe temane jarmane mahAnibaMdha ), Daca vidhAna je, ponDA-J. Gonda-ne sadUgata che. raghuvIre pragaTa karela anya Sanskrit in Indonesia For Private and Personal Use Only

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Do, gAla ja, sAMDesarA ane mArA pravAsapustaka "pradakSiNA'mAM thAIpradeza ane kaDiyA viSeno patra tathA avinAzacandra dAsa (kalakattA yunivarsiTIe be bhAgamAM pragaTa karelo temane maLyuM Rigvedic India) Adi saMzAdhane darzAve che ke bedika Aryo bhAratamAMthI vizvabharamAM phelAyo che. vidhyAcalane namAvIne, pAchA AvavavAno vAyado karIne agatya muni dariyApAra gayA te gayA sarakhA bhAratIya kahevata " agatyanA vAyadA') temaNe ane temanI pachI agni eziyAmAM gayelA bhAratavAsIoe pitAne rAvaja nahi, paNa dharmavija tyAM pharakAvya; tyAMnI prajA mATe bhAge musalamAna thai chatAM hajI paNa InDoneziyAmAM garuDadhvaja pharake che ane sukarNanA dezamAM rAmAyaNanAM nATaka bhajavAya che. rAmAyaNane sarva prathama AMtararASTriya mahotsava jakArtAmAM thayo hate.. atyaMta kaThina bhASA ane lipine kAraNe cInanA itihAsa ane saMrakAritAne abhyAsa bAkInA vizvamAM jhAjho thayuM nathI. paNa kayuziyasa ane lAotsa ("kaMgaSi')nA upadeza amara che. kaphyuziyase e AzayanuM kahyuM che ke "mAre zikSaNa ApavAnuM hoya te huM vidyArthIne so pahelAM huM bhASA bolatAM ane lakhatAM zIkhavuM." rAjyanA amaladAra (Mandarin)nI niyukti mATenI saMpardhAtmaka parIkSA so pahelAM cInamAM zarU thaI hatI. bhAratanA bauddhadharmane sauthI kImatI vArase hInayAna (brahmadeza, zrIlaMkA, thAIpradeza, kaMboDiyA, viyeTanAma, InDoneziyA AdimAM) ane mahAyAnarUpe (tibeTa, cIna, meneliyA, keriyA, jApAna, AdimAM ) sacavAyo che. For Private and Personal Use Only

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Acharya Shri Kailassagarsur Gyanmandir DhAMkanI brahmAmAMrti nattama palANa rAjakoTa jillAnA upaleTA tAlukAnuM DhAMka gAma enAM mUtizi, guphA sthApatya ane vApIvidhAnathI gujarAtanA eka prAcIna kalAbhaMDAra tarIke suprasiddha che. arvAcInakALamAM jemsa bajesa pitAnA " eTiviTisaepha kAThiyAvADa eNnDa karacha' (1876)mAM DhAMkanI guphAo vize noMdha kare che. Do, hasamukha sAMkaLiyA potAnA thisisa "dha Akaryoleja opha gujarAta' (194)mAM saheja vadhu vigate DhAMkane paricaya Ape che. A pachI gujarAtanA rakhaDu phirastA ' evA De. harilAla gaudAnI " gujarAtane bhavya bhUtakALa ' (1968)mAM hAla hayAta purAvazenI lAMbI yAdI Ape che. ane purAtattva saMzAdhana maMDaLa, porabaMdaranA vorA tathA palANu dhArA * tasavIramAM DhAMka ' nAmane bAra chabIo sAthene vigatapracura lekha " svAdhyAya ' pu. 4, aMka 3 (eprila 1971)mAM prasiddha thAya che. A pachI DaoN. umAkAnta zAha ane DaoN. sonavaNe jevA abhyAsIoe A lekhako pAsethI judI judI tasavIra maMgAvI tenA vadhu saghana abhyAsa anyatra ApyA che. I. sa.nA AraMbhathI mAMDIne I. sa.nI teramI sadI sudhInA kramabaddha purAvazeSo DhAMkamAMthI prApta thAya che, khAsa karIne mUtikalAnA A avazeSe samagra pazcima bhAratamAM pravartelI kalAzailI vize ghaNuM badhuM avanavuM kahI jAya che. gujarAtanI kalA paraMparAmAM guptakALa eka mahAna ane ati rasika vaLAMka che. guptakALamAM paNa AraMbhanI kalA ane uttaranI kalA, bhale rAjakIya daSTie-guptazAsana mAtra paMcotera varSe ja gujarAtamAM kayuM hoya paNa kalAzelInI najare eNe eka bAjuthI kSatrapa to bIjI bAjuthI svataMtra evI pazcima bhAratIya zailIne janma Ape che. A saMkrAntikALanAM bahu ja ochAM zilpa ApaNI pAse che, tema ja je che (je prakAzamAM AvyAM che, tene abhyAsa paNa ApaNe kalAnA pariprekSyamAM karI zakyA nathI. Aje gujarAtanI kalA paraMparAnuM punaHmUlyAMkana eka tAtI jarUriyAta banI rahela che. atu. hamaNAMnA mArA DhAMkapravAsamAM najare caDelI adyApi aprasiddha evI eka brahmA thoDI carcA karavAnuM ahIM dhAryuM che. A pahelAM DaoN. gaudAnIe pitAnA uparyukta saMthamAM solaMkIkALanI eka brahmamUrtine ane rApalANe 'tasavIromAM DhAMka'mAM eka prAcIna brahmAmUrtine nirdeza karela che. saMbhavataH A trIjI brahmAmUrti che, kAraNa ke tenuM prAptisthAna, kalaulI ane samaya bhinna che. "svAdayAya', pu. 28, aMka 1-2, dIpotsavI-vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, okaTobara 1990phebruArI 1991, pR. 41-46. - 3, vATI pleTa, porabaMdara 3, 55. . . 4 , : . svAva, 6 For Private and Personal Use Only

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narottama 5es "tasavIramAM DhAMka'mAM je mUrtizilpa raja thayAM tenA kALanirNaya paratve ame cokkasa rahI zakelA nahiH zrI madhusUdana DhAMkI porabaMdara AvelA ane emanI sAthenI carcAnA aMte haju vadhu phoTogrAphasa bhegA karavA joIe' temaja amuka mUrtinI oLakhANa ane samaya pheravavA joI e-ema lAgeluM, tyAre mArA taraphathI "kumAra 'mAM " saurASTranI virala mUrtie vizenI lekhamALA cAlatI hatI. te koNImAM ' kumAra" sapTe. 1973mAM DhAMkanI pralaMbapAda khuTha mUrtine paricaya lakhAye. te pachInA mArA bIjA pravAsamAM mane DhAMkanI sakaMdamRti I. sa. 600nI lAgelI, jenI vistRta carcA mArA taraphathI ela. DI. InsTiTyUTa, amadAvAdanA gemAsika saMbodhi' (eprila 1975)mAM thayelI. hamaNAM prApta DhAMkanI A brahmAmUrtie kalA paraMparA vize eka na ja prakAza Apyo che ane ema lAge che ke DhAMka pAdaranA pIpaLezvaranA kubera, saMbadhi mAM prasiddha kaMdamUrti ane A brahmAmUrti eka ja kalAzailI dharAve che. bhAratamAM brahmAmUrtinI paraMparA ghaNI jUnI che. sAmAnyataH cAra mukha, cAra hAtha, dADhI ane vAhana tarIka haMsa emanuM pratimA vidhAna che. kayAMka eka mukha ane be hAtha temaja cAra mukha ane be hAthavALI mUrtio paNa che. dADhI vinAnI brahmAmUrtio te gujarAtamAM paNa ghaNI che. bhAratamAM prApta brahmAmUrtiomAM sauthI prAcIna prApta brahmAmUrti mATInI takatI upara maLe che. bhItaragAMva (kAnapura ) thI prApta A takatI upara brahmAnI eka mukhavALI AkRti upasAvelI che. kamalAsana ane dvibhuja A brahmAkRti I. sa.nA AraMbhanI jaNAya che, jo ke A Akati brahmA hovA vize ane tenA samaya vize matabheda che. niHzaMka brahmAnI kahI zakAya tevI mUrti mathurAmAMthI prApta thAya che je . sa.nI bIjI sadInI che. A pachI guptakALanI saMkhyAbaMdha mUrti prApta che. vikAsamanI najare brahmAmUrtinuM eka lakSaNa "dha DevalamenTa oNpha hindu AIkonogrAphI" (tRtIya AvRtti: 1974, pR. 517)mAM 3. jitendranAtha benarajI Ama noMdhe che ke brahmAnI prAcIna mUrtio be hAthavALI ane dADhIvihIna che.' gujarAtamAM maLatI brahAmUtio vize anyatra sArI evI carcA thaI che. eTale ahIM kalAzailInI daSTie gheDa vimarza karIe. vidita che ke kalAvivecananI Adhunika paraMparA UbhI karavAnuM hoya phargyusanane jAya che. kadAca emaNe pahelIvAra jagatabharanA kalAbhaMDAre nihALI mizra, grIka, madhyakAlIna yuropIya zailI, cIna ane bhAratIya zailI-evI pAMca mukhya kalAzailI darzAvI, vizALa phalaka para kalAvivecanAne atrapAta karyo. bhAratIya kalAne lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI phargyusane bhAratIya kalAne vyApaka paricaya Ape paNa tene saudaryabodha temane AtmasAta na thayuM. A kAma emanA pachI maMdirakalAnI bAbatamAM amerikana kalAmarmajJa vidUSI sTelA kemariza dvArA ane mUrti kalAnI 1 gujarAtamAM prApta brahmArtio vize vistRta mAhitI ApatA be lekhe te 1 'vizvabhraSTa brahmA" (kanaiyAlAla dave) "phArbasa gujarAtI sabhA mahotsava graMtha' mArca 1940, pR. 40 jemAM brahmAmUrtividhAnanA mULa saMskRta bhalA paNa ApavAmAM AvyA che. 2 "gujarAtamAMthI lapta thayelA brahmAnA saMpradAyane eka avaroSa' (narottama palANu) " gujarAta " dIpotsavI aMka 229 ( eka. 1971)-jemAM gujarAtamAM prApya badhAmationI yAdI che. For Private and Personal Use Only

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hakanI rAhAla bAbatamAM AnaMdakumAra svAmI dvArA amuka aMze siddha thayuM. vAsudevazaraNuM agravAle, vedika sAhityane potAno sUkSama abhyAsa kalAvivecanamAM kAme lagAvyo te Do. motIcaMdra jevA vicakSaNa kalAmarmare citrakalAnA anuSaMge " pazcima bhAratIya kalAmelI 'nA lAkSaNika aMze tAravavAnuM kAma karyuM. Ama te "pazcimI zailA ne prathama ulekha sattaramI sadInA tibeTanA itihAsalekhaka tArAnAthe " bauddha prati kalAnA saMdarbhe karela, jenA AdhAre kAle khaMDAlavAlAe ane pachI De. umAkAMta zAhe ene lagatA viziSTa kalAnamUnAo rajU karyA, pariNAme guptazAsananA aMta pachI, rAjakIya dRSTie mautrakakALa daramiyAna I. sa. nI chaThThI sadIthI svataMtra evI "pazcimI zailI ne uddabhava svIkArAya che. gujarAtanI kalA paraMparAne lAgevaLage che tyAM sudhI je kaMI gUMca athavA aspaSTatA che te ahIM che. pazcimI kalAzailInAM sarjaka paribaLe kayAM ? A zailInI pUrvavartI kalAzelIonuM zuM ? je samayagALe A zelIne svIkArAyo che te ja samayagALAmAM prApta anya kalAzailIonuM zuM ane sauthI vadhu kaThina samasyA A zailInI anugAmI zailIonI che. A uparAMta je te kalAzailI, enAM rUpavidhAna ane bhAvasaMvedanAnA prazno, enAM sthaLa ane kALanA prazno tema ja enuM nAmakaraNa' brAhmaNa, bauddha, jaina, muslima ema dharma pramANe nAmakaraNa ke maitraka, pratihAra, solaMkI ema rAjavaMza mujaba ke uttara gujarAta, dakSiNa gujarAta, saurASTa ema pradezamujaba-nAmakaraNanI ekavAkyatA lAvavA mATe zuM karavuM joie ? I. sa.nI chaThThI sadImAM pazcimI kalAe dekhA dIdhI tenI prArvabhUmAM guptakalA che. kalAnA pratyeka kSetramAM gupta suvarNane paryAya che. gujarAtamAM I. sa.nI pAMcamI sadIthI guptakalAnAM pagaraNa thayAM tyAre ahIM kSatrapakalA' che. (akSatrapakalA " e Ama dhAruM jADuM vidhAna che). e kalAne vadhu paDate jhoka lekakalA taraphane hate. jokakalAnI paraMparA e Adi paraMparA che, jenA nAmanA gaIkAla ane Aje paNa sarjAtA rahyA che. mAnavInA prathama ojArathI mAMDI. sidhu sabhyatA ane cheka moryakalA sudhInI kalA paraMparAne jokakalA (primiTiva ArTa)kahevAmAM Avela che. zRMga ane kuSANumAM rU5vidhAnanI amuka daSTi' noMdhI zakAya che, jyAre kSatrapa te Ama ja ardha kudaratI, ardha mAnavasarjita kalAkRti, jemAM prAkRta aMze pradhAna che. zRMga ane kuSANunA saMparkamAM AvyA hovA chatAMya kSatrapa pitAnI AgavI kalAzailI upajAvI zakayA nathI te sAMskRtika dRSTie temanI maryAdA gaNAvI joIe. 2 AjanA ApaNA ItihAsa purAtattavAhinA lekhake, sarakArI tema ja yunivarsiTI graMtha nirmANa borDa AdinAM prakAzano "gujarAta" eTale " uttama gujarAta' e artha kendramAM rAkhIne kAma karatAM jaNAya che, jyAre have 1960 pachI ' gujarAta " saMjJA ghaNI vyApaka banI che, emAM dakSiNa pajarAta, saurASTra ane kacchane samAveza thaI jAya che. have ' gujarAta' zabdamAM A pradezane paNa samatola vicAra ". A nahi samajanAra samayathI vaNe pAchaLa ane je te viSayanI Dissarvisa karanAra che. "lA kakalAnI dhAtumatio" viro jue, 'itihAsa vimarza' (1974)-naretama palANa. For Private and Personal Use Only

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* tarAtama palANu je kALamAM kSatrapakalA che te kALamAM zRMgakuSANu vagere te cAlu ja che. kanyAMka emanuM mizraNa che ane guptakalA praveze che. guptakalA pAte e miAjamAM cheH pUrvakAlIna ane uttarakAlIna. A be dhArAo je te pradezamAM paheAMcI anekavidha prAdezika zailIbhedyamAM pariName che, jemAMnI eka pazcimakalA zailI che. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir I. sa.nI chaThTho sadIthI pazrimIkalA, jene mukhya AzrayadAtA rAjavaMza maitraka hAI " maitrakakAlIna kalA ' evA sAmAnya nAmathI paNa oLakhAya che. jo ke i.sa.nI AThamI sadInA a`tamAM maitrAnA asta thayA chatAM gurjara-pratihArakalA ' evA vizeSa nAmathI pazcimIkalA ja satata rahelI gNAya che. navamIthI teramI sadInAM pAMcase| va Ama jue teA rAjapUta kalA ' che, jemAM prAraMbhe upara nAMdhyuM tema gurjara pratihAra ', rASTrakUTa, svaindhava, seAla kI Adi rAjapUtA mukhya che. i.sa.nI caudamInA ArbhathI muslimazAsana ane gujarAtanI kalAparaparAmAM eka aNudhAryo vaLAMka. Ama gujarAtanI kalAparaparAnA cAra yuga kalpI zakAya cheH AraMbhathI i.sa.nI pAMcamIne aMta, chaThThIthI AThamInA aMta sudhImAM traNa sa varSa pazcimI athavA maitrakakalA, navamIthI teramInAM pAMcase varSa ' rAjapUta kalA ' ane caudamIthI mizrakalA, ( A mAtra kAmacalAu Alekha che.) > I. sa. 60, enI AgaLanAM pacAsa varSa ane pAchaLanAM pacAsa va gUcavaSNubharelAM ati saMkula evAM se varasa che. DaoN. umAkAnta zAha Adi aneka kalAvivecakra ( ane saMbhavataH A lekhaka paNu) A samayagALAne spaSTa karavA jatAM bhinnabhinna aneka muzkelImAM mUkAyela che 1 DaoN. zAhe 'svAdhyAya' oNkaTobara 1973mAM A samayagALAnI kalAne spaSTa karavA ghaNI pAyAnI mathAmaNu karelI che, para`tu emanA saMkhyAbaMdha tasavIrA sAthene e lekha, paraspara-virodhI vidhAna ane kALaniNaeNyathI kaThina banI gayelA che. dvibhuja gaNezane tee cothI sadInA gaNe che, jyAre DhAMkanA dvibhuja skaMdane chaThThImAM mUke che, vAstavamAM zAmaLAjInA gaNeza karatAM DhAMkanA kada vizeSa prAcIna jaNAya che ! zAmaLAjInA gaNeze je dhAtI paherI che te mathurAnA viSNunI che, vaLI gaNezanI UbhA rahevAnI zailImAM eka ' ekazana ' che, jyAre skaMda sanmukha darzIna ane tethI vizeSa prAcIna che. kahevAnuM eTaluMja ke A dizAmAM haju vadhuM parIkSaNanI AvazyaktA che. zAmaLAjInA DhAMkanI brahmamUrtinI carcA karIe tenI pahelAM DhAMkanI kaI kaI bhUti e kayAM kayAM prasiddha thaI che tenuM sheja vid gAvaleAkana karI laIe H 1941mAM DaoN. hasamukha sAMkaLiyAe sUryasUryANI, pArzvanAtha aMbikA ane tItha karAnI penala 'AkalAjI Aka gujarAta 'mAM/1945mAM sArAbhAI navAe pArzvanAtha (UbhI pratimA) * jaina tIrthAjha 'mAM/1963mAM ema. Ara. majamudAre viSNu ' munazI phelIsITezana volyumamAM/1968mAM DaoN. gaudAnIe bhinnabhinna chApAMmAM, jo ke peAtAnA graMtha 'bhavya bhUtakALa'mAM eka paNa mUrti mUkI nahi/1971mAM maNibhAi verA, narotama palANu dvArA kubera, yakSa, yakSI, gaNeza, uttAnapAda- aditi (mujezvarI), uttAnapAda aditi ( phADezvarI), phADezvaranA traNa khaDA, balarAma, pArzvanAtha ( beThI pratimA), sUrya' (DhAMkanI kUI) For Private and Personal Use Only

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takanI bahAmUti tasavIromAM DhAMka, nAmaka lekhamAM " svAdhyAya' pu. 8, aMka 3/1971 (julAImAM nattama palANa "kumAra" aMkamAM/1973 (sapTe.)mAM pralaMbapAdabruddha narotama palANa dvArA " kumAra' aMkamAM/1973 (ekaTa.)mAM De. umAkAMta zAha dvArA nAgarAja, ajJAta mAtRkA ane skaMda svAdhyAya ' pu. 11, aMka 1 mAM/1981mAM bhagna viSNu-Do. pravINa parIkha dvArA "svAdhyAya " pu. 18, aMka 3mAM Ama DhAMkanI kula vIzeka mUrti o mArI jANa mujaba adyApi prakAzamAM Avela che. A sAthenI brahmAmUrti A saMgrahamAM ekane vadhAre che. DhAMka DuMgarezvara mahAdeva pUjArInI khaDa bharavAnI nAnI oraDImAM junA bhaMgAra sAthe A mUrti paDI che. jaTAmukuTa, kaMDalayukta traNa mukha dADhIvihIna che. gaLAmAM ekAvalI, dibhuja, UMce UThelA dakSiNa hAthamAM kamaLa, vAmahaste kaLaza, sapramANu beThI kAyA, dhotI ane sIdhA prAkRta paga, Azare traNeka phUTa uMcI A mUrtine paththara oLakhI zakAto nathI. brahmAnI A eka ati prAcIna mUrti che. AgaLa kheMcyuM tema A brahmAmRti kubera ane kaMdanI kalA paraMparAmAM che. traNeya mUrtimAM prAkRta pagavALI beThI kAyA, ekAvalI ane kuMDala ekasarakhI zailI dharAve che. takSaNanI dRSTie prathama kubera, pachI brahmA ane pachI sakaMda anumAnI zakAya che. kubera eka pATamAM sIdhuM takSaNa pAmyA che, gaLA uparAMta hAthapagamAM ekAvalI kuberapaNuM sUcave che. A kalAzailIne heja vikAsa bahmAmAM kalpI zakAya che. ahIM sAdI gAMThavALI detI che. skaMdamAM A zailI vadhu AgaLa vadhe che. ahIM detInI gAMTha upara alaMkRta kamarabaMdha tathA be paga vacce pATalI takSaNa pAmela che. kALanirNaya mATe A rekhAne haju paNa AgaLa laMbAvavI paDaze. kamarabaMdha ane pATalInuM A kAma viSNamUrtimAM AgaLa vadhe che. kamarabaMdha ane pATalI e ja che, mAtra chetImAM valarI AvI che. paga ekadhArA jADA ane prAkRta hatA te nIcenI tarapha pAtaLA ane paSTa banyA che. viSaya che eTale Ubhe mukuTa Abe ane caherAnI rekhAmAM saheja prasannatAnI jhalaka dazyamAna banI che. bIjI bAjuthI nAMdhIe te kubera ane bahAmatinI kalA, haju prabhAvaka sudhI pahoMcI nathI. kaMdamUrtimAM pAchaLanI pIThikAne uparane bhAga cakranA rUpamAM vikAsa pAmate joI zakAya che. A vikAsa viSajmRtimAM pUNuM banyuM che eTaluM ja nahi, sAdu prabhAcakra ahIM alaMkRta paNa banyuM che. A mUrtine prathama prasiddha karanAra majamudAra ane punaH prasiddha karanAra 4 kabaramUrtinA pheTA mATe juo * svAdhyAya"pu. 8, aMka 3 (eprila 1971 ) ane sakaMdamUrtinA pheTA mATe jue svAdhyAya" pu. 11, aMka 1 ( Aka, 1973), For Private and Personal Use Only

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* nazAna pA . kalpanA desAI A mUrtinA samaya I. sa.nI chaThThI ane sAtamInA sUcave che.pa. ApaNe have pAchA pagale gati karIe teA ska MdamUrti pAMcamI-ThTho ane brahmAmUti cothI--pAMcamImAM AvI rahe che. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir A brahmAmUrtinI chAtI, udara ane kaTInI bAhya rekhA gAMdhArakalAno khyAla Ubho kare che, jayAre khabhA ane prAkRta paga bharatakalAno satta race che. sabhava che . umAkAMta zAha anumAna che tema A khuda pazcima bhAratanI sAva svataMtra evI prAcIna kalAnA namUnA DhAya ! khera, DhAMkanI A brahmAmUrti ati prAcIna che ane eka sAthe aneka bAbata jema ke brahmApUrjA, brahmAmUrti, mUrti kalA vagere upara prakAza phe"ke che, ApaNA vimazane utteje che. 5 DhAMnI bIcha viSNumUrti Dau. prIyadra parIkha dvArA prasiddhimAM AvI che, paraMtu sA rolInI bAbatamAM emanI najara zAmaLAnA nirUpa viSNu upara rahI, vAstavamAM e mUrti DaoN. Ara. ena. mahetA dvArA prasiddhimAM Avela sUrata jillAnA teNe gAmanI viSNubhUti'nI paraMparAmAM che ane tenA samaca Do. parIkha kaheche tenAthI vadhu prAcIna che. DhAMnI majamudAravALI niyamUrti bhAvanagara gAMdhIsmRtimAM ane parIkhavALA mRti" saurASTra yunivarsi'DImAM samAyelI che. For Private and Personal Use Only

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saDeranuM prAlaMkIkAlIna maMdira navInacaMdra khAcAya + saMDera uttara gujarAtanA mahesANA jillAmAM Avela che. te pATaNanI najIka che. saMDera gAma eka aitihAsika sthaLa hoya tema lAge che. tene ulekha karNadeva 1lAnA sunakanA dAnapatramAM Ave che. ahIM prAcIna mUrtio jovA maLe che. mUrti vinAnAM tyAM be maMdire AvelAM che. mArI jAtatapAsamAM mane jANavA maLyuM che ke tyAM maMdirane samUha che. maMdire paikI eka maMdira prApholaMkIkAlanuM hoya tema lAge che. tenuM zikhara catuM koNa che. A maMdiranI zikhararacanA viziSTa prakAranI che. te TeDA zailInI che. nIcethI upara jatAM krame krame ochI laMbAI pahoLAi dharAvatA thara vaDe zikharanI uparanI Toca saMdhAya che pariNAme samagra dhATa pagathiyAMnI racanAvALA sarpAkAra (pirAmiDa) dhATanA bane che. dareka sthaLe cArebAjue eka yA ekathI vadhu rUpAMkana vaDe alaMkata karavAmAM Ave che. bAkInA pilANumAM mukhakamaLa ke mUrti mUkIne vadhu AkarSaka banAvavAmAM Ave che. solaMkIkAlamAM maMdiranA zikharanI paraMparA chAgha prAsAdathI bahudhA judI pADI khAvita zikhara zailIne anusare che. saMDeranuM A maMdira, prasiddha thayelI maMdirasthApatyanI be pramukha dvArA prAkRcaulukaya ane caulukyanA madhyAntara athavA saMkramaNa samayanuM hoya tema lAge che. talamAnanI dRSTie A maMdira mAtra garbhagRha ane tenI sanmukha Avela pravezaekanuM baneluM che. A maMdiranA garbhagRhanI dIvAla upara bhadra tema ja pratiratha nAmanAM nigame sAdhavAmAM Ave che. je maMdiranA jamInatalathI aDIne zikhara upara ce jatAM dekhAya che. maMdiranI pAchaLa bhAga kuMbha ane kalaza nAmanA tharAthI zobhe che. pravezacekInI bahAranI dIvAle vedikA ane AsanapaTTIthI zebhe che. * A maMdira pUrvAbhimukha che. tenI jadhA para keTalAMka zi AvelAM che. maMdiranI dakSiNa AMdhA para aSTabhuja nRsiMhazilpa AveluM che. tenA vartubhuja svarUpamAM nIcalA be hAtha hiraNyakazyapane vadha karatA darzAvyA che. upalA be hAthamAM cakra ane gadA darzAvelAM che. zi95nI banne bAjue suMdara nartakIonAM zilpa che. A uparAMta yama tathA brahmAnI mUrtio AvelI che. brahmAnI jamaNI bAjue temanuM vAhana haMsa che. svAdayAya', pR. 28, aMka 1-2, dIpotsavI-vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, oNkaTobara 1990 phebruArI 1991, pR. 47-48. * 451, jeThAbhAInI poLa, nAnI poLa, khADiyA, amadAvAda 1. 1 AcArya gi. va. (saM.) gujarAtanA aitihAsika lekhe bhA. 2, le. 143, prakAzaka dhI phArbasa gu. salA, muMbaI, 1935. For Private and Personal Use Only

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navIna AcArya pazcimanI jadhA upara varAhanuM zilpa che. A uparAMta nartakIonAM zilpa tema ja nAgayugala, vAdako, tathA varuNa ane bhairavanAM zilpa che. A maMdiranI uttaranI jaMdhAmAM mahISAsuramardinInuM zilpa che. dakSiNa pazcimanI dIvAla tathA bArazAkhamAM viSNunuM zi95 hoya tema lAge che. A uparAMta gaNapati, navagraha paTTa tema ja viSNunA dazAvatAra jovA maLe che. dazAvatAramAM zipa dhasAI gayelAM hovAthI oLakhI zakAtAM nathI. samaya gujarAtI AcArya girajAzaMkara, va-(saM.) gujarAtanA etihAsika lekho. bhA. 2-naM. 143. prakAzaka-dhI phArbasa gujarAtI sabhA, muMbaI, 1935. AcArya. na. A, gujarAtane cAvaDA rAjayane sAMskRtika itihAsa, prakAzaka-yuni. graMthanirmANa borDa, amadAvAda, 1973. mahetA. 2. nA., gujarAtane maLela zilpa sthApatyane vAra, prakAzaka-gu. yu. amadAvAda prathama AvRtti, 1968 prakaraNa-4. - muni jinavijayajI, gujarAtanA sAMskRtika ItihAsanI sAdhana-sAmagrI, prakAzaka-gujarAta sAhityasabhA, amadAvAda-1933. parIkha rasikalAla ane zAstrI (Do.) ha. gaM... gujarAtane rAjakIya ane sAMskRtika itihAsa, prakAzaka-bhe. je. adhyayana ane saMzodhana vidyAbhavana, amadAvAda, 1976. zAstrI (DaoN.) ha. ga, gujarAtane prAcIna itihAsa, prakAzaka-gu. yu, prathama AvRtti, 1964. zeTha ANaMdajI kalyANajI TrasTa-( saMda) jainatIrtha sarvasaMgraha bhAga 1-2-3, prakAzaka-ANaMdajI kalyANajI TrasTa, amadAvAda, 1953 aMgrejI barjesa je. ane kAunsa eca.-dhI ArkiTekacarala eNnTIkavITIja opha nordhana gujarAta, laMDana, 1930. semapurA ke. epha-dhI sTrakacarala Tempalasa eka gujarAta, prakAzaka-gu. yu, prathama AvRtti, 1968. 2 sthaLa upara karelI noba parathI. For Private and Personal Use Only

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katamena digvibhAgena gataH sa jAlmaH ? "prIti mahetA - kAlidAsanA vikramorvazIya nATakanA prathama aMkamAM sUryanI pUjA karIne pAchA pharI rahele pururavA sahAya mATe AjaMda karatI apsarAo pAse jAya che ane temanA bhayanuM kAraNa pUche che. apsarAo urvazIne paricaya karAvatAM kahe che ke -svarganA alaMkAra samI urvazI kuberabhavanathI pAchI pharI rahI hatI tyAre hiraNyapuranA kezI dAnave enuM citralekhA sAthe apaharaNa karyuM che mATe emane te asuranA trAsamAMthI bacAvavAnAM che. te dAnava IzAna-dizA tarapha gayo che tema jANIne rAjA pururavA apsarAone hemakUTazikhara upara pitAnI pratIkSA karavAnI salAha ApIne izAna-dizA tarapha ratha deDAvavAnI sArathIne AjJA Ape che. paraMtu prazna e che ke-kezI dAnava IzAna dizAmAM gaye hoi zake khare? paraMtu A prazna joIe te pahelAM bIjA prate paNa udabhave che-A ghaTanA kayA sthaLe banI hemakaTa parvata kayAM AveluM che? kazI dAnava kezu? kayA zaherane che ! A dhaTanA asarajatIrthanI bhUmimAM banI. mAtra eTale senAnA zikharavALA parvata. A parvata himAlayanI uttare Avela che. tenAthI pRthvInA eka bhAganI sImA nakkI thatI hoI tene "varSa parvata' gaNavAmAM Ave che.. duniyAnA bhAga pADatAM sAta varSa-parvatamAM te eka che. ema. Ara. kAlenuM paNa AvuM maMtavya che. maya nAmanA dAnave AmArAmAM senAnuM, havAmAM cAMdInuM ane pRthvI upara lokhaMDanuM nagara bAMdhyuM hatuM evI porAvi mAnyatA che. AkAzamAM rahelA senAnA banelA A hiraNyapuramAM kezI rAkSasa rahetA hatA. paraMtu mahAbhArata anusAra joIe to tArakAsaranA tArakAkSa, kamalAkSa ane vidyumAlI nAmanA traNa asuronAM traNa nagara, A lekhakoe brahmAnI AjJAthI mayadAnava dvArA A nagara pitAnA mATe banAvyAM hatAM. A nagaromAMthI eka sonAnuM hatuM je svargamAM sthira kahevAmAM AvyuM che, bIjanagara je cAMdInuM hatuM te aMtarikSamAM sthira mAnavAmAM AvyuM che. trIju nagara maTyaledamAM sthira loDhAvAmAM AvyuM che. Ama A rIte jotAM dezI dAnavanI vAta na hoI zake ema puravAra thAya che. A dezI dAnava IzAna dizAmAM gaye hoI zake kharo? kezI dAnava IzAna dizAmAM gayo haI zo nahi kAraNa zatapatha brAhmaNa anusAra IzAna khUNAmAM manuSyo ane dene vAsa che. kAMDa-1, a-6, bA-2, kaMDikA-4 anusAra IzAna khUNe e svargane daravAjo che. jyAM UbhA rahIne artha tema ja dakSiNA apAya che. A uparAMta etareya-brAhmaNa anusAra netAM devo ane asuro vacce yuddha thatAM, sAcAya', 5. 28, aMka 1-2, dIpotsavI ane vasaMtapaMyamI aMka, oba2 190phebruArI 1991, pR. 4-52. * 5, zAnamaMdira sosAyaTI, vAsaNA, amadAvAda- - jevA che For Private and Personal Use Only

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prIti mahetA asaroe dene krame karIne pUrva, dakSiNa, pazcima ane uttara dizAomAMthI hAMkI kADhayA. de IzAna khUNAmAM gayA, jyAM teo vijayI thayA. IzAna khuNe e evuM sthaLa che ke jyAM deva hAra khAtA nathI. janana-mana-mannanatitie vasijha zetravALA satyahavyane putranI madada vaDe, IzAna khUNA sivAyanI samasta pRthivI upara viMjaya meLavyuM tyAra pachI teNe sasahevyane putrane vinaMtI karI ke bAkI rahela IzAna khUNA upara te tene vijaya prApta karAvI Ape. satyahanyate putra rAjaputrane kahyuM ke IzAna khUNAmAM dene vAsa che jethI tyAM vijaya prApta karo e manuSya mATe azakya che te dAnanI to vAta ja kyAM ? A uparAMta ahIM vAstu-vaMtra pramANe paDyuM joIe te asara ke aniSTakAraka so dakSiNa, netraya ane vAyavyamAM vase che tethI dezI dAnava IzAna dizA tarapha gayo na hoya eTale te cekasa. pururavA ane urvazInuM kathAnaka Rda 10-95mAM paNa prApta thAya che. zatapathabrAhmaNa anusAra puravA ane urvazInuM kathAnaka A pramANe che- urvazI nAmanI asara hatI. have thI traNa zarate purAvA sAthe rahevA taiyAra thAya che. puravavA ane urvazI lAMbI mudata sudhI sAthe rahyAM. urvazIe garbha dhAraNa karyo. gaMdhane parasparamAM kahyuM, " urvazI ba lAMbe samaya manuSya sAthe rahI, teNIne ahI lAvavA kaMIka yukti karo. " ; . .. urvazI teNInA palaMga pAse be baccAM sAthe eka gheTI bAMdhatI, gaMdharvo temAMnuM eka baracuM uThAvI gayA. urvazIe ArtanAda karyo, "mAra hAlavuM teo upADI gayA, kema ja ahIM* javAMmaMda na hoya ! " tyArabAda gaMdha bIja upADI gayA. urvazIe te pramANe ArtanAda karyo. pururavA e vicAra karyo, huM jyAM che tyAM javAMmardanI khAmI kema dekhAya? nagnasthitimAM te hatA tevo ja gaMdharva pAchaLa doDayo. gaMdharvoe vIjaLIne jhabakAro karyo ane urvazIe paravAne nagna sthitimAM joye, tarata ja teNI adazya thaI gaI. pururavA pAchA pharyo tyAre teNe joyuM ke urvazI adazya thaI gaI hatI. dukhathI bUma pADate kurukSetramAM te sarva sthaLe bhaTakayo. paraMtu ahIM je karukSetrane nirdeza karavAmAM Aje che te AjanA hariyANAmAM AveluM karakSetra nahI. za. brA. anusAra kurukSetra eTale e kSetra jenI aMdara caru (kezukalaza) mUkavAmAM Ave che eTale ke garbha rahevAnuM sthAna, je IzAna khUNAmAM AkAzamAM ghaNe ce raheluM che. tyAM agni ane soma ekameka thatAM garbhAdhAna thAya che, Ama che. bA.mAM kurukSetra zabda vaparAya che paraMtu IzAna khUNAmAM AkAzamAM jANe ke rahela vidyutanA garbhanA sthAnane uddezIne lakhAyela che. vikramorvazIyamamAM paNa vidyutanA ulalekhe noMdhapAtra che. A saMdarbhamAM saMbhavataH jaLabharyA - vAdaLAmAM camakatI vIjaLInuM vAdaLa sAthe IzAnamAM AgaLa vadhavAnuM sUcana urvazInA apaharaNa doro thayuM hovAnuM mAnI zakAya. pururavAe gaMdharvo pAsethI agni meLavI. agnine traNamAM vahecI ArAdhI gaMdharva banyAnI vAta paNa A sAthe sucita gayA. For Private and Personal Use Only

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paramena nivibhAgena gataH sa nAmaH? porANika saMdarbho anusAra pararavA ane kuzInuM kathAnaka A pramANe che-eka apsarA tarIke te adanA kALathI prasiddha che. te anusAra rAjA nagna avasthAmAM dekhAvAnA kAraNe. urvazI tene choDIne jAya che te na jAya te mATe rAjA pAgalanI jema bhaTakato bhaTakato eka sarovara pAse Avyo tyAM te sakhIo sAthe kIDA karI rahI hatI. te sthAna para rAjA ane urvazIne saMvAda thayo. urvazI garbhavatI hatI eTalA mATe rAjAne pAse AvavAne asvIkAra karyo. prANatyAga karavA pravRtta rAjAne prANa tyajato aTakAvI urvazIe rAjAne svargamAM AvavAno upAya batAvyo tethI mRtyu pachI pururavA svargamAM Avyo ane tene sahavAsa prApta thayuM. Ama A dRSTie jotAM kyAMya dezI dAna apaharaNa karyAne nirdeza maLato nathI. tethI dezI dAnava apaharaNa karIne IzAna dizAmAM gaye hoI zake nahIM ema phalita thAya che. hiTalA moTApona bimahinA mAna ane mana : ( vikramarAMDa ! A baMne saMdarbhe vikame.rvazIyamAM prayojAyelA che. vidvAne temanA dvArA ujajayinI upara thayelA AkramaNanI aitihAsika ghaTanAne nirdeza thayuM hovAnuM mAne che. A AkramaNa IzAnamAMthI thayuM hovAnuM A ulekha uparathI mAnavuM rahyuM. zAka vagere paradezI prajAo bhAratamAM vAyavyamAM AvelA khebaraghATa ane bolanaghATanA mArge pravezI uttarabhAratamAM phelAI ane samaya jatAM temaNe AgaLa vadhIne ujajayinI upara IzAna khUNAnA koI mArge AkramaNa karyuM haze e A saMdarbha uparathI mAnI zakAya anyathA sAme vimAna uktine saMdarbha nirarthaka nIvaDe. A parAkramane kAraNe puravAne "vikramAditya'nI upAdhi prApta thaI hatI. jo ke A vikramAditya koNa e vize matabheda pravarte che. keTalAkanA kathana anusAra vikrama saMvata sthApanAra I. sa. pUrve padamAM thayele A vikrama che jyAre kAlidAsane guptasamayamAM mUkanAra kItha jevA vidvAne anusAra jeNe * vikramAditya ' evI upAdhi dhAraNa karI hatI te guptavaMzIya caMdragupta dvitIya ulekha che. Ama ujajayinI upara thayela AkramaNa eTale urvazInuM kezI dAna kareluM apaharaNa ane vikramAditya eTale puravA. A prathama arthadhaTana che. Ama pururavA-urvazIne prathama niTaza vadika-kathAmAM che. urvazI eTale vIjaLI e prakArane bIje nirdeza zatapatha brAhmaNamAM maLe che. IzAnamAM dUra jatAM vAdaLane pAchAM vALI puravAe vAyavyAstrathI varasAda prApta karyo hato. urvazI eTale nAyikA A artha paurANika kathAnA saMdarbhamAM dezI dAnave urvazI nAmanI asarAnuM apaharaNa karyuM ema sthULa arthamAM mAnavuM rahyuM paraMtu te bAbatamAM upara joyuM tema tenuM apaharaNa kazI dAnava dvArA thayeluM mAnIe to paNuM dezI dAnava IzAna dizAmAM gaye na hoya tema IzAna khUNAmAM dAnavonA parAjayanA kAraNe mAnavuM vadhAre gya jaNAya che. kAlidAsanI uti mAtra koI zatru hAre jayinI upara thayelA AkramaNanA saMdarbhamAM ja vadhAre ucita jaNAya che. saMdarbhagraMtha - zatapatha brAhmaNa-" tenI mahattA ane temAM raheluM vijJAna " lekhaka ane prakAzakapipaTalAla dayArAma rAvaLa-1949, For Private and Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra paM www.kobatirth.org prIni anA vikramAva zIyama-sa pAcho --ko, pI.yu. zAstrI, gA. jI. esa. zAha, prA. kalyANIbahena pannA, prA. zAntikumAra paDayA, prAH mahendra je. zala, janArdana pamA sarasvatI prakAzana. prathama AvRttie 105. 3 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vikrameAva zIyama-lekhaka-ema. Ara. kAle, prakAzana-meAtIlAla banArasIdAsa, dilhI, vArAI, paTaNA-1967, paurANika krosa-lekhA-rANAprasAda zarmA, prakAzakanamaba limiTeDa, vanathI! mAtRtti-prathama, sata-2 028, For Private and Personal Use Only

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siddharAja jayasiMhane kaccha- bhadrezvaranA khaMDA mahAdevane vi. saM. 1195ne zilAlekha varSA ga. jAnI vi. saM. 1995nA ASADha sudi 10ne ravivArane lekha agAu zrI girajAzaMkara va. AcArye gu. e. le. bhAH 3mAM 143-bathI prasiddha karyo che jenI nakala A sAthe sAmela che.' zrI girajAzaMkara AcAryane pATha vAMcatAM tema ja A aMge zrI rAmasiMha rAThoDe temanA prasiddha pustaka "kacchanuM saMskRtidarzana mAM Apela pATha ane tenI chabI tema ja ratilAla da. desAIe temanA prasiddha graMtha " bhadrezvara vasaI mahAtIrthamAM Apela chabI sAthe zrI AcArya ane rATheDanA pAThane sarakhAvatAM temAM dhaNI azuddhi jaNAI che. AthI A zilAlekhanI gujarAta sarakAranA purAtatva khAtAnA karacha vartuLanA tatkAlIna adhyakSa zrI dinakara pI. mahetA mAraphate spaSTa chabI meLavavAmAM AvI ane tenuM navesarathI vAMcana karatAM emAMthI maLato zuddha pATha atre raju karyo che. A pAThane uparyukta girajAzaMkara AcAryanA pATha sAthe sarakhAvatAM lagabhaga 25 jeTalA sudhArA maLyAnuM vartAya che jemAM traNa cAra bAbate vizeSa noMdhapAtra che. 1 zrI girajAzaMkare mahAmAtya zrI dhAraka evuM vAMcyuM che (paM. 2) temAM kharekhara mahAmAtya zrI dAdA vaMcAya che. vastuta: bIjA abhilekhene AdhAre jaNAya che ke siddharAjanA mahAmAtyanuM nAma dAdAka hatuM. (2) A ja paMktimAM zrI garajAzakare ja mAra vAMcyuM che je kharekhara ha. maMje che. Ama kacchamaMDalane A abhilekhamAM spaSTa nirdeza thayela che. "svAdhyAya', pu. 28, aMka 1-2, dIpotsavI- vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, kaTobara 1990phebruArI 191, pR. 53-56. * lAlabhAI dalapatabhAI bhAratIya saMskRti vidyAmaMdira, gujarAta yunivarsiTI pAse, amadAvAda-380009. 1 AcArya girajAzaMkara vallabhajI, " gujarAtanA aitihAsika lekhe bhA. 31, pra. phArbasa gujarAtI sabhA, muMbaI, 1942, lekha naM. 144ba, pR. 160. 2 TheTha rAmasiMha kA., "kacchanuM saMsatidarzana, pra. rAyasiMhajI ke. rAThoDa, kumAra kAryAlaya li. 1454, rAyapura amadAvAda, 159, A. 1, 5. 274-ra76. 3 jesAI ratilAla da, * zrI bhadrezvara vasaI mahAtIrtha, amadAvAda, 1977, pR. 159-600 For Private and Personal Use Only

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54 varSa ma. jAnI ( 3 ) thothA patimAM prabhuti paMcajalamapAha oma zrI sAyAyeM vAMsyu che ne spaSTataH paMcakulamadhye che. (4) zrI mAyAyeM zrIbhadrezvara belAtala vAMgyu ke pate parapare zrI bhadrezvara menAjhula che ane vastutaH bhadrezvara baMdara che te bAbatanI AnAthI spaSTa pratIti thAya che. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir (4) paMDitaH mAM bhadrezvaramale mahArAjaputra toDi tatra zrI prAsappalasutazrI kurapAlena ema vAMcavAmAM AveluM che jyAre vastutaH tene zuddha pATha A pramANe vaMcAya che. bhadrezvara madhye mahArAja udalasIha. tatha. zrI AsapAlasutazrI kumArapAlena kacchamAM bhadrezvara pAse cAkhaNDA mahAdevamAMnA zilAlekha 'x vi. saM. 1185 ASADha 10 svativikramasaMvat 1195 varSe ASADha sudi 10 pUrvAyAM titho'viha zrImadaNahilapAThakAvipita samastarAjAvalI virAjitamahArAjAdhirAja paramezvara tribhuvanamaMDa siddhacakravartI varvaraka ( barbaraka ) jiSuavaMti - nAthadhArAviDaMbaka trailokyamala zrIjayasiMghadeva apratihatabala pratApaka karaprabhRti paMcajalamapAha zrIbhadrezvaravelAktala - kama pratibadvavalA * bahudevAdipaMcakulapratipratrIsArAna likhyatepavA ravI asyAM saMvatsara mAsapadmadivasa lyANavijayarAjo (jye) tatpAdapazo ( dyo ) pajIvinimahAmAtyazrIdAraekazrI zrIkaraNAdau amAtavitAM kurvvatItyetasminkAle pravattamAne ihabekamaMDale ati0 mAM vikArAMmAtAM / mahaM0 zrIdadi / heva bhadrezvaramale mahArAjaputra toDi0 taMtra * zrIprAsappalasutazrIkurapAlena kAritanavataraMdevA panan zrIUdalezvara zrIkumarapAlezvara devapoH prajA'rthaM udIvajAtyAMdrA. tavalI zrImahAha kadramANAvataH zataiH, pratyenajAtavikrItaM navanidhisahitaM catrurApATavizvaiMdevarAya pratyarthapava. mAthArtha giralaza 52. gurAtanA saitihAsika kSeNeo. bhA. 3 naM. 144 - siddharAja jayasiMhanA kaccha-bhadrezvaranA cAkhaDA mahAdevanA vi. sa. 195nA zilAlekha For Private and Personal Use Only 1 OM svasti vikramasaMvata 1195 (va) bairSo ( rSe ) bhASADha sudi 10 ravI / asyAM saMvatsaramAsapakSadivasa pUrvvAyAM titho'dheha zrImadaNahilapATakASi (SThi) tasamastarA ( jA ) valI. [-]

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siddharAja jayasiMhane kaccha-bharanA kheDA mahAjane zilAlekha 55 2 virAjitamahArAjAdhirAja parameM( me )zvaratribhuvanagaMDasiddha cakravatri (tti ) va (ba) va (baM) rakajiSu (SNu) avaMtInAthadhArAviDaMbakatrailokyamalla zrI jayasiMSadeva apratihata balapratApaka [-] lyANa vijayarAjye tatpAdapayopajIvini mahAmAtya zrI dAdAkazrI zrI karaNAdI amAtya citAM kuvaMtItyetasmina kAle pravartamAne ihava kachamaMDale ati. mAM. 4 karaprabhRti paMcakulamoha zrI bhadrezvaravelAkUla-kamamuMru bikAsaMjAtyA / mahaM. zrI dAdAprativa (ba) dabalA. va (ba) hudevAdipaMcakulapratipatrI (to) sA (zA) za (sa) na likhyatethavA. [1] ihaiva bhadrezvaramadhyemahArAjaUdalasIha. tatha. zrI AsapAla sutazrI kumArapAlena kAritanavataradevAyatana zrI Udalezvara zrI kumArapAlezvaradevayoH pUjA (5) the udIcajAtyA brA (vA). nabanidhisahitaM ca 6 ...tavalI...zrImahAha...kadamANAMcandrazrIteH sAyenajAtavikrIta yugapATavizvadvaMdevarATasadAyana* * A lekhanA pAkanA vAcanamAM che. bhA2tIbena zelate sahAya karI. For Private and Personal Use Only

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zrI sayAjI sAhityamALA 333 kailAsa-svAmI praNavatIrthajI 13=00 334 aMbikA, keTezvara ane kuMbhAriyA-(sva.) zrI. kanaiyAlAla bhA. dave -5=50 335 aitihAsika lekhasaMgraha-sva.) zrI paMDita lAlacaMda bha. gAMdhI 18=00 336 haribhadrasUri-o. hIrAlAla 2. kApaDiyA 11=00 338 bhavAInA vezanI vArtAo-(sva) zrI. bharatarAma bhA. mahetA 3=00 - 339 zrImad bhAgavata (gujarAtI anuvAda): bhAga 1, skaMdha 1-3 (sva.) zrI nAgaradAsa amarajI paMkha (1965) 340 gujarAta sthaLanAma saMsada vyAkhyAnamAlA, bhAga 1 (1965) 9=00 342 kudaratanI rIte vadhu Arogya-bI. zAMtilAla pra. purohita (1967) 7=50 343 bhArata-ratna zrI. upendrarAya ja. sAMDesarA (1967), 15=50 344 mahAgujarAtanA musalamAno, bhAga 1-2-zrI karIma mahaMmada mAstara 1=00 346 peTroliyama-zrI padmakAnta 2. zAha (1970) 13=00 347 paMcadazI tAtparya-svAmI praNavatIrtha: (1971 ) 348 akhe ane madhyakAlIna saMtaparaMparA-sva.) De. . ja. tripAThI 14=50 349 zrImad bhAgavata : bhAga 2-(sva.) nAgaradAsa a. paMkhA (1972) 11=50 350 carakano svAdhyAya, bhAga 1-(sva) . bApAlAla ga. vava (1973) 2=00 351 gujarAtane peTarI udyoga-bI. zAMtilAla pI. purohita (195) 8=05 35ra UMDANane tAga-zrI choTubhAI suthAra (1975) 15=00 353 bhAratIya vINA-(sva.) pro. rasikalAla ema. paMDyA (1978) 31=00 354 carakane svAdhyAya, bhAga 2-(sva.) De. bApAlAla ga. vela (1979) 9=00 355 cAMpAnera: eka adhyayana-De. ramaNalAla nA. mahetA (1980) 3600 356 dvArakAnA pradezane sAMskRtika itihAsa-(sva.) zrI ka. na. joSI 4=00 357 Adhunika gujarAtanA saMto, bhAga 2-. kezavalAla Thakkara (1979) 45=00 358 suryazakti-zrI. pAkAta 2. zAha (1981). para 50 359 kavi giradhara : jIvana ane kavana-De. devadatta jozI 51=00. 36. vanauSadhi keza-pro. ke. kA. zAstrI 35=5 361 sahastraliMga ane rudramahAlaya-(sva.) zrI kanaiyAlAla bhA. have 362 vaiSNavatIthI DAkera (sva.) De. maMjulAla 2. majamuMdAra 48=00 361 vRddhatracI ane ladhutrayI- sva. ) . bApAlAla ga. vala 33=00 363 vaDodarA eka adhyayana-De. Ara. ena. mahetA 364 mahArAjA sayAjIrAva trIjA-(sva.) pro. hasita bUya 49=00 365 nAbhAjIkRta bhaktamAlanA aitihAsika bhakata-eka adhyayanazrI mULazaMkara hi. kevalIyA =00 366 lasara--zrI. padmakAnta 2. zAha. 48=00 317 AhAravijJAna-(punaH mudraNa) che. jayazaMkara dha. pAThaka ane (sva.) anaMtarAya ma. rAvaLa (1991) prAptisthAnaH yunivarsiTI pustakecANa vibhAga, mahArAjA sayAjIrAva yunivarsiTI presa, rAjamae karavA jAo, rAjAo paha, vara -90 001 For Private and Personal Use Only

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saMskRta nATayazAstramAM nAyaka paratve visaMvAda ema. pI. kAkaDiyA saMskRta nATayazAstranI eka sudIrdha paraMparA ApaNane tenA likhita svarUpe prApta thAya che. alabatta, A paraMparA upara bharatanA nATayazAstrane prabhAva vartAya che, te paNa dazarUpaka ke nATayadarpaNane prabhAvanI avagaNanA thaI zake nahi. saMskRta nATayazAstranI paraMparA upara eka daSTipAta karatAM evuM spaSTa jaNAI Avaze ke bharata nATayazAstramAM je koI nATayalakSaNanI pUrNa sthApanA karI che tyAM paravartI AcAryo mukhyatve tenuM anusaraNa karavAmAM ja pitAnuM gaurava samaje che, paraMtu nATayazAstramAM evAM paNa keTalAMka sthaLa che, jyAM bhArate eka ja viSayanuM ekIsAthe nirUpaNa karI Apela nathI athavA to tene vAM-ochuM mahattva ApyuM che, jemake AlaMbana vibhAvarU5 nAyaka-nAyikA, nATayAlaMkAra, pUrva vidhAna, nATikA, prakaraNikA vagere. saMskRta nATayazAstranI paraMparAmAM AvA prasaMge visaMvAda janmAvavA nimitta bane che. AvA visaMvAdane mULa strota bharatanA nATayazAstranI nirUpaNapaddhati athavA te temanA Azayane samajavAmAM niSphaLa rahela paravatI nATayazAstrIya paraMparA heI zake che. game tema, paNa saMskRta nATakanA nAyaka paratve kaMika A ja visaMvAda pravarte che. bharatanA mate nATakane nAyaka prakhyAta, udAtta ane rAjavI hovA uparAMta divya AzrayavALo hoya che. ahIM bharata evuM mAnatA jaNAya che ke nATakane nAyaka divya sahAyane prApta karanAra hovA sAthe maryakoTine te avazya levo joIe. temaNe pitAnA nATayazAstramAM nAyakanA divya hovA aMge koI saMketa, tarapheNa ke vizvAsa karela nathI. AthI bharata-saMmata evuM vidhAna karavAmAM koI Apatti hoI zake nahi ke matyakoTine ane jene divya Azraya ke sahAya prApta hoya te nATakane nAyaka banavA sakSama che, paraMtu paravatI AcAryo dvArA A muLa strotanuM enA e rUpe avataraNa thaI zakayuM nathI. pariNAme eka bIjI vicAradhArAne sUtrapAta thayo, jenuM koya dhanaMjayanA phALe jAya che. teo nAyaka saMbaMdhI bharatanA matanuM atikramaNa karI " svAdayAya', pR. 28, aMka 1-2, dIpotsavI-vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, kaTobara 1990phebruArI 1991, pR. 57-62. saMskRta vibhAga. bhavansa zrI e. ke. dezI mahilA kaoNleja, jAmanagara, ........................kahavato nAyaka | rifjarjaritta tathA 6 divyAbAbu 20. 10. bharatanATayagam-saM. zarmA baTukanAtha ane upAdhyAya baladeva ma. caukhaMbA saMskRta saMsthAna, vArANasI, dvitIya AvRtti, 1980, pR. 227, For Private and Personal Use Only

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50 ema. pI. kAkaDiyA che. evuM sthApe che ke nATakane nAyaka martya koTinA hovA uparAMta divya paNa hoI zake che. dhanaMjayane A mata bharatavirodhI hovA chatAM temanI mAnyatAne zAradAtanaya ane ziMganUpAla vaDe samana maLI rahela che. 3 vizvanAtha ane rUpagAsvAmI A ja para'parAmAM vicAratA hovA chatAM temanI nirUpaNupaddhati ka Mika alaga tarI Ave che. tae noMdhe che ke nATakrane nAyaka divya, divyAdivya ane adivya hoI zake peAtAnA vidhAnanA samarthanamAM anukrame zrIkRSNa, zrIrAma ane duSyaMtane niSTi kare che. vAstavamAM bharata nAyakanI divyata!nA svIkAra karavAnA pakSamAM nathI. vaLI tene divya tattvanI sahAya prApta thavAmAM virodha paNa nathI. zrIkRSNa vagerene divya pAtra mAnyA pachI pa nATakamAM tene vyApAra manuSyavat nirUpA ati Avazyaka che. AthI nATakano nAyaka martya koTine kahevAmAM ja lakSaNanI sAthe katA rahelI che. nATakomAM nAyakanuM divyarUpe nirUpaNuM nevAyela nathI. bhAsa, bhavabhUti ke rAjazekhara vagerenAM nATakomAM te A nAyako mAnavIya svarUpe ja darzAvAyA che. lataH dhana jaya vagerene mAnya divya nAyakanuM vidhAna vAstavika bhUmikAe TakI zake tema nathI. saMbhavataH nATyazAstramAM prayukta vikhyAtrayovetam zabdane lIdhe A AcAryAe nAyakanI divyatAnu` grahaNuM karyuM haze. vaLI saskRta Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir nAyaka divya nahi paNa matya koTinA ja hovA aMgenuM bharatanuM valaNa vyAjakhI ane yAgya jAya che. e bhAgye ja kahevAnI jarUra rahe ke martya koTine nAyaka, savizeSa karIne rAjiSa nAyaka vadhu AkAMkSAvALA hAya che, jyAre divya pAtra AkAMkSAvALuM hoya te paN atyaMta muzkela kArya potAnI icchAmAtrathI siddha karI levA samartha hoya che. nATakamAM AzA-nirAzAnuM dhUndha-pratidvandra khelAya che ane te AvakAya che, nahi ke IcchA mAtrathI abhyudayaprApti. nAyaka pRthak manuSya jevA banI sahAya vagerenI zodha Adare temAM ja nATaya avasthAnI sAkatA rahelI chaeN, je divya pAtranA rahevAthI caritArtha thai zake nahi. A sAthe e tevuM joi e ke dhArmika mAnyatAnA saMdarbhaCmAM paNa divya nAyakanuM samarthAMna karI zakAya nahi. ApaNA dRDha vizvAsa che ke divya pAtranuM AcaraNu manuSyajAta mATe anukaraNurUpa ke upadezarUpa manAyuM nathI. nATayadarpaNuMkAra A ja kAraNathI divya nAyakane mAnyatA ApanAra AcAryAMnA matane virAdha 2 dhana jaya-zam--sa. vyAsa (OM ) bhAlAzakara, pra. caukhammA vidyAbhavana, vArANusI, tRtIya AvRtti, 1967, pR. 163, 3. 23, 3 zAradAtanaya-mAtrAzanam-sa.... yadugiri yatirAja svAmI tathA ke, esa. rAmasvAmI zAstrI, pra. gAyakavADa erienTala sIrIjha, barADA, dvitIya AvRtti, 1968, pR. 233, lITI 20. tathA ziMgabhUpAla-sarjiyasudhAra:-sa. TI. veiMkaTAcArya, pra. aDayAra lAyabrerI, madrAsa, 1909, pR 390, 3, 132. 4 vizvanAtha-sAhityavarnaMga:--sa'. siMha ( DaoN. ) satyavrata, pra. yaukhammA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI, dvitIya AvRtti, 1963, pR. 363, 6. 9. tathA rUpagAsvAmI--nATaya skriA--sa. zukla bAjIlAla zAstrI, pra. caukhambhA saMskRta sIrIjha Aphisa, vArANasI, prathama AvRtti, 1964, pR. 2, 3. For Private and Personal Use Only

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saMskRta nATayazAstramAM nAyaka para visA kare che. AthI divya zabdane abhipreta artha-divya tatvanI pradhAnatA darzAvatA matya nAyakaevo levAnuM rahe che. nATakane saMpUrNa jIvananuM vivecana karanAra ane nIti saMbaMdhI upadeza ApanAruM mAnavAthI divya caritanuM Alekhane AvakArI zakAya nahi. - bharatanuM nAyaka-vidhAna eka anya visaMvAdanuM paNa kAraNa bane che. temaNe nATakane nAyaka udAtta hevAnuM noMdhyuM che. vAstavamAM bharata vaDe pariNita cAra prakRti pramANe rAjarSinuM udAtta koTimAM grahagu thaI zake nahi. teo nAyakanuM prakati pramANe vargIkaraNa karatI vakhate spaSTa nAdhe che ke deva dhIrehatta, rAjA dhIralAlata, senApati ane amAtya dhIrAdAtta tathA brAhmaNuM. ane vaNika dhIrazAMta hoya che. A vargIkaraNa rAjAne dhIralalita koTimAM sthApI Ape che. paraMtu bhArate nATakamAM tenA udAtta havAmAM vizvAsa mUkayo che, je temanI gaNanA pramANe senApati ane amAtyanI prakRti manAyela che. kharekhara te nATakanA nAyakane rAjarSi kahyA pachI udAtta gaNavA aMge temane zuM abhipreta haze e vicAraNIya che. moTA bhAganA paravatI AcAryo paNa bharatane abhipreta artha grahaNa karavAmAM niSphaLa rahe che. nATyazAstramAM prayuta udAtta zabdanA AdhAre dhanaMjaya nATakane nAyaka dhIredAra koTine hovAnuM mAne che.8 dhanaMjya dvArA prasthApita A mAnyatAne zAradAtanaya, vizvanAtha ane ziMgabhUpAla anusarI nAyakane dhIrAdAtta koTinI aMtargata mUke che. saMbhavataH bharate nAyakane apekSita guNa odAtya mAnya hoI, jene 5 tena ye divyamapi netAraM manyante na te samyagamaMsateti / pR 20. rAmacaMdra-guNacaMdra-nATayarvA:- saM. DaoN. nagendra vagere, pra. dilhI vizvavidyAlaya, dilahI. prathama AvRtti, 1961. vADI1, tat, 6 bharata-nATayazAstram-saM zarmA baTukanAtha ane upAdhyAya baladeva, pra. cIkhambA saMskRta saMsthAya, vArANasI, dvitIya AvRtti, 1980, pR. 227, 20. 1. che tevA vIrokattA jevA nitAnuM nar: HTT: !. senApatiramAtyazca dhIrodAttau prakIrtitI // dhIkAntA viyat TiT rgatathai | 34. 18-19 ejana. pR. 458. ( dhanaMjaya-jANaTH-saM. vyAsa (Do.) bhAlAzaMkara, pra. caukhammA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI, tRtIya AvRtti, 1967, pR. 163, 3. 23. 9 zAradAtana-mAvavApAnadU-saM. yadugiri yatirAja svAmI tathA ke. esa. rAmasvAmI zAstrI, pra. gAyakavADa erienTala sIrIjha, baraDA, dvitIya AvRtti, 1968, pR. 22 : lITI ) tathA vizvanAtha-sacinaH --- saM. siMha (Do) satyavrata, pra. caukhaMbA vidyAbhavana, vArANasI, dvitIya AvRtti, 1963, pR. 363, 6. 9. tathA zigabhUpAla-sAsughAra:- sa. TI. kaTAcArya, pra. aDayAra lAyabrerI, madrAsa, 1979, pR. 390, 3, 132. For Private and Personal Use Only

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36 ema. pI. kAkaDiyA dhIrAdAtta mAtra mAnIne A AcAyeluM nAyakanI prakRti nakko karatA jaNAya che. paraMtu vyavahAramAM A niyamanuM koi pAlana thayeluM jovA maLatuM nathI. nATakane nAyaka kevaLa dhIrAdAtta ja heAya evuM mAnavAne koi kAraNa paNuM nathI. sa`skRtanAM ghaNAM evAM nATako che, jemAM dhIrAdAtta uparAMta dhIrAddhatta, dhIralalita ane dhIrazAMta koTinA nAyakonuM rita vavAyeluM che, jemake svapnavAsavadattamAM dhIralilata koTine nAyaka che. veNIsaMhAramAM bhIma dhIrAddhatta nAyaka che jyAre yuddha ane mahAvIra dhIraprazAMta nAyako che. A dizAmAM rUpagAsvAmInuM valaNa kaIMka aze udAra jaNAya che. temaNe nATakanA nAyakanI prakRtinA vistAra dhIrAdAtta uparAMta dhIralalita sudhI karI Apyo che.10 paraMtu AnAthI paristhitimAM koI vizeSa taphAvata paDatA nathI, kemake teo dhIrAddhatta ane dhIraprazAMta nAyaka paratve mauna seve che. AthI mAnavAne kAraNuM rahe che ke dhIrAdAtta nAyakane pakSa lenAra AcAryanA mata sa'kucita ane avyavahAru che. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir vAstavamAM bharate nAyakanuM prakRti pramANe karela vargIkaraNu Adhunika vidyAnAmAM paNa mizra pratyAdhAta janmAve che. DaoN. ke. eca. trivedI noMdhe che ke nATayazaamAM maLatuM vargIkaraNu-deva dhIrAddhatta, rAjA dhIralalita vagere vAstavika jaNAtuM nathI,11 kemake brAhmaNu ke vaNuika senApati athavA amAtya hoI zake che ane pariNita dhIraprazAnta koTine badale temane dhIrAdAtta gaNavA paDaze. bhaTTAcA eka navA ja abhigama rajU kare che. temanA mate bharata vaDe apAyela vargIkaraNunA saMdarbha vadhyuM ke jAtiparaka mAnavA karatAM guNulakSI ghaTAvavA ne e ane e rIte mintaja pramANe ekanI eka vyakti uddhRtta, udAtta vagere koIpaNa varga nI hoi zake che.12 game tema, paNu bharata vaDe kahevAyela udAtta zabdane lIdhe visaMvAda AkAra pAme che. alabatta, A visavAdanuM samAdhAna meLavavA sa MskRta nATayazAstranI jaina para parA avazya upayegI thaI paDe che. A saMdarbhamAM AcArya hemacaMdranA prayatna ullekhanIya rahyo che. teo noMdhe che ke udAttane vIrarasayeAgya kahela che ane tenAthI cAreya kATinA nAyakAnuM grahaNa karavAnuM che.13nAkmada NukAra vadhu spaSTatA sAthe kahe che ke rAjA dhIralalita ke dhIrAdAtta hoya che paraMtu te dhIrAddhatta ke dhIrazAMta paNa hoi zake u.14 e kharuM che ke nATakanA Ama thavAthI teonI A sAthe zrI vizvanAtha 10 rUpagAsvAmI--nATayadriAsa'. zukla bApulAla zAstrI, pra. cokhammA sa`skRta sIrIjha Aphsi, vArANasI, prathama AvRtti, 1964, pR. 2, 3, 11 Trivedi (Dr.) K. H.The Natyadarpana-A critical study, pub. L. D. Institute of Indology, Ahmedabad, 1966, P. 21. 12 Bhattacharya Biswanath--Sanskrit Drama and Dramaturgy, Pub. Bharat Manisha, Varanasi, First ed. 1974, P. 158. 13 hemacaMdra- yAnuzAsana-sa, parIkha Ara. sI., pra. mahAvIra jaina vidyAlaya, muMbaI, 1964, pR. 433. 14 rAmaya guNacaMdra--nATayayarvana--sa, DI. nagendra vagere. x. dilhI vizvavidyAlaya, dilhI, prathama AvRtti, 1961, pR. 26. For Private and Personal Use Only

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saMskRta nATapazAmAM nAyaka para visaMza nAyaka udAtta guNasaMpanna have joIe paraMtu e uparAMta anya koIpaNa guNavALA hoya che, saMbhavataH udAttanuM vidhAna karavA pAchaLa bharatane paNa A ja Azaya rahyo haze, kema ke nAyazAstramAM evo koI ullekha nathI ke nAyaka dhIralalita ke dhIradAna ' ja hoya, paraMtu te dhIrehatta ane dhIrazAMta paNa hoI zake. bharatane te kevaLa audAnya ja apekSita che. saMskRta nATyazAstramAM nATakanA nAyaka saMbaMdhI pravartatA visaMvAdanuM pratibiMba nATakomAM jholAyuM nathI. saMrakata nATakakAree te nAyakane maryakaTine nirUpavA sAthe pariNita cAramAMnI koIpaNa prakRtithI saMbaddha havAmAM vizvAsa mUke che. Ama saMskRta nATyazAstramAM jovA maLato visaMvAda vyAvahArika bhUmikAne dUSita karatA nathI. For Private and Personal Use Only

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lekhakane : 1 pAnanI eka ja bAjue, TAIpa karelA ane e zakya na hoya te zAhIthI suvAcya akSara lakhelA lekha mokalavA. TAIpa nakalamAM TAIpakAmanI bhalene sudhAryA pachI ja lekha mokalo. gUjarAta vidyApIThanA joDaNIkoza pramANe joDaNI rAkhavI Avazyaka che. lekhanI mULa prava ja mokalavI. lekhanI kArbana nakala mokale tyAre te aMgenuM spaSTa kAraNa jaNAvavuM. 2 lekhamAM avataraNe, anya vidvAnanAM maMtavya TAMkavAmAM Ave che te aMgenA saMdarbha pUrepUrI vigata sAthe Apa anivArya che. pAdaTIpamAM e saMdarbhanI vigata ApatAM lekhaka athavA saMpAdaka/saMzodhaka (aTaka pahelI), graMtha, prakAzaka, prakAzanavarSa, AvRtti pRSTha, e krama jALavo jarUrI che. 3 svAdhyAya'mAM chapAyela sarva lekhene kaoNpIrAITa mahArAjA sayAjIrAva yunivarsiTI, vaDodarA hastaka che. lekhake athavA anya koIe lekhamAM koI aMza lekhita paravAnagI vagara punarmuti kare nahIM.' * saMkSepazabda prayojatA pahelAM e zabda anya sthAne pUrepUrA prayojelA hovA joIe. 5 pAdaTIpane kema saLaMga rAkhI je te pRSTha upara te te pAdaTIpane nirdeza jarUrI che. svAdhyAya savAdhyAya ane saMzodhananuM mAsika saMpAdaka rAmakRSNa tu vyAsa varSamAM cAra aMka bahAra paDe che-dIpotsavI aMka, vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, akSayatRtIyA aMka ane janmASTamI aMka, lavAjama : -bhAratamAM... 20 = 00 5. (TapAla kharca sAthe) -paradezamAM... yunAITeDa sTasa eNka amerikA mATe...6 Dolara (TapAlakharca sAthe) -yuropa ane anya deza mATe... 250 (TapAla kharca sAthe) AkhA varSanA grAhako lavAjamanA varSanI zarUAtathI ja noMdhavAmAM Ave che. lavAjama agAuthI svIkAravAmAM Ave che. lavAjama mokalatI vakhate kayA graMtha mATe lavAjama mokalyuM che te spaSTa jaNAvavuM. lavAjamavarSa navembarathI okaTobara sudhInuM gaNAya che, je A saranAme mokalavuM-niyAmakazrI, prAcyavilA mandira, mahArAjA sayAjIrAva vizvavidyAlaya, lokamAnya TiLaka reDa, vaDodarA-390 002 jAherAta : A trimAsikamAM jAherAta ApavA mATe lakhe- sa pAka. svAdhyAya', rAmyavidyA maMdira, lokamAnya TiLaka raDa, vaDodarA-390 002 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kavayitrI sItA* Ara. pI. mahetA* kavitvasaMskAra liMgasApekSa nathI; Atmasamaveta che. AcArya rAjazekhara (I. 885-975) mAne che-vRSayajJa yovato thImag: ' saMdaro haramana samati, na straiNaM pauruSa vA vibhAgamapekSate zrayante dRzyante ca rAjaputryo mahAmAtyaduhitaro gaNikAH kautu. kibhAryAzca zAstraprahatabuddhayaH kavayazca // 2 saMskRta sAhityanA itihAsamAM kavayitrIonI paraMparA rahI che. prA. suzIlakumAra ne AkSepa che ke A lokonI racanAo koI vizeSa noMdhapAtra lakSaNa dharAvatI nathI. paraMtu A AkSepa savaze satya nathI. sUktisaMgrahamAMthI upalabdha lagabhaga 40 kavayitrIonAM 150 jeTalAM padya emanI pratibhAnAM ghotaka che. ballAlasena (I. 16mI sadIne anta*)nA "bhejaprabaMdha'mAM mALavAnA rAja bheja deva (I. 11mI sadIne uttarArdha )nA Azrita kavimaMDaLanI vigata che. AmAM kAlidAsa jevAM atijJAta nAmanI sAthe citta jevAM ajJAta nAme papyuM che. spaSTa che ke A kAlidAsa zAkuntalAdinA kartA nathI. bhejanA Azrita A kAlidAsa nAnArthazabdaratnakoza" nA kartA ---- --- --- - "svAdhyAya', pR. 24, aMka 1-2, dIpotsavI-vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, kAbara-1990phebruArI-1991, pR. 63-66. saMskRta vibhAga, bahAuddIna ArTsa, koleja, junAgaDha-362001 1 varmA (DA.) zyAmA-AcArya rAjazekhara; madhyapradeza hindI anya akAdamI, movANa; 172; vrathama saMdarana; 6 12. 2 kAvyamImAMsA-dazamo'dhyAya; bihAra rASTrabhASA pariSad paTanAH 1954 3 De S. K., A history of Sanskrit Literature Vol. I; University of Calcutta, Calcutta; 1962; Second edition; p. 418 4 Ibid-p. 429 5 Ibid.-p. 509 gujarAta rAjya saMskRta adhyApaka maMDaLanA mArca 81nA zAmaLAjI mukAme yojAyela adhivezanamAM vaMcAyela nibaMdha. For Private and Personal Use Only

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64 Ara. pI. mahetA che. AnA para kartAnA mitra nicalanI TIkA " taralA ' che. zrI du. ke. zAstrIe A TIkAnuM prAraMbhika padya ane pupikA ApyAM che. badalAlasene nirdezelA alpajJAta kaviomAM kavayitrI sItAne samAveza thAya che. sItAnI mAhitI mAtra "bheja'mAMthI ja maLe che. . te 5DitA hatI. vidvAnonA samUhamAM vandanIya hatI. bhojarAjAne enA mATe pUjyabhAva hatuM, Adara hatuM. AthI jude jude prasaMge ene rAjA taraphathI puraskAra maLyA karatA. bhejanI kavisabhA pratye sItAne saddabhAva hato. koI vaNakara kavie A kavisabhAnI nindA karI. tyAre sItAe tene upAlabha Ape vipulahRdayAbhiyogye khidyati kAvye jaze na maulye sva / nindati kaJcakameva prAyaH zuSkastanI nArI // 7 A kavisabhAmAMnA eka kavi kAlidAsanA bacAvamAM sItAne bauddhika abhigama jaNAya che. kAlidAsa paranA vezyAsaktinA kApavAdane kAraNe bheja nArAja hatA. AthI sItAe ekavAra kahyuM - doSamapi guNavatI jane dRSTvA guNarAgiNo na khidyante / prItyaiva zazini patitaM pazyati loka: kalamapi // 8 kavione rAjyAzraya jarUrI che; A nirvivAda satyane sItA A rIte pragaTa kare che- .. hatA devena kavayo varAkAste gajA api / zobhA na jAyate teSAM maNDalendragRhaM vinA // sItAnI pAse Akavitva che. temAM paNa vyaMjanAne camatkAra heya che. rAjAe ekavAra ene kahyuM ke suratanuM varNana kare. tarata ja eNe jaNAvyuM - suratAya namastasyai jagadAnandahetavaH / AnuSaGgi phalaM yasya bhojarAja bhavAdRzAm // 10 6 zAstrI durgAzaMkara kevaLarAma-aitihAsika saMzAdhana; gujarAtI sAhitya pariSada, amadAvAda 1970; punarmudraNa pU. 158-60. 7 mogakASa-17; motIni ranArasIvAsa, ranA; 115s. 8 vahI-2 3. 2 6 vahI-232. .. 10 vaNI-201.. For Private and Personal Use Only

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kavayitrI sItA AvI ja rIte ekavAra mahArAje sItA se prabhAtavana sAMbhaLavAnI apekSA pragaTa karI, tyAre tarata ja sItAe je varNana ApyuM; temAM bedabhA rItine sarasa aviSkAra che viralaviralAH sthUlAstArAH kalAviva sajjanA mana iva muneH sarvameva prasannamabhUnamaH / apasarati ca dhvAntaM cittAtsatAmiva durjano vrajati ca nizA kSipraM lakSmIranugamanAmiva // bheja 0 mAMthI upalabdha sItAnAM pavo. nisaha kavitva dharAve che. A anyanI aitihAsika racanA tarIke pratiSThA nathI. ema. kRNamAyAriyarane saMdeha che ke bhojanA kavimaMDaLamAMnAM keTalAMka nAma kadAca kAlpanika paNa hoya. paraMtu sItA kAlpanika nAma che, ema mAnavAne pramANa nathI. vaLI sAhityane je protsAhana bhejanA samayamAM maLyuM hatuM, te candragupta bIjA ke harSavardhananA samayamAM paNa maLyuM na hatuM te etihAsika satya che. A daSTie paNa, sItAne--ke bIjA koIne-kAlpanika nAma mAnI levuM jarUrI nathI. 11 mahI-262. 12 Krishnamachariar M.-History of Classical Sanskrit Literature; Motilal Banarasidass, Delhi 7; 1970; first reprint; p. 392 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Journal of the M. S. University of Baroda The Journal is published every year in three parts. These parts are devoted respectively to topics relating to (I) Humanities, (2) Social Sciences and (3) Science. Advertisement tariff will be sent on request. Communications pertaining to the Journal should be addressed to : The Editor (Humanities/Social Sciences/Science ) Journal of the M. S. University of Baroda Faculty of Arts Compound Baroda-390 002 (India) For Private and Personal Use Only

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kavi khabaradAranI gadyazailI dharmendra ma. mAstara(madhurama ) lakSaNe (1) svAbhAvika pArasIzAI laDhaNa - khabaradAranI sAhityasevAmAM pradhAnapaNe to kavitA ja gaNAya che. emaNe i. sa. 1897 nA arasAmAM lakhelA " so daSTAMtika deharA "thI sAhityalekhanI zarUAta karI ane chelle I. sa. 1953mAM "kIrtanikA" nAmane kAvyasaMgraha pragaTa karyo. Ama, emanI pahelI ane chellI kavi kavitA ja che ane emanI kAvyasaritAnA pUra AgaLa gadyasaritAnuM pUra pramANamAM ochuM che. emAM khabaradAranuM vyaktitva ane emanI vidvattA pragaTa thAya che. temanuM kavipaNuM paNa DhAMkaryuM rahetuM nathI. emanAM ciMtanamananane emAM aviSkAra thAya che. emanI gadyazailI ajita prakAranI nahi paNa svabhAvika prakAranI che. kema ke emanA svabhAvanI saraLatA, emane jIvananI chA5 ane pArasIzAI laDhaNa emAM tarI Ave che. kasamAkarane lakhelA patromAM joya, maTha sthApavuM nathI, yAda kIdhe, dalagIra, huM ahIM bahAra bahAra Avyo, gaDabaDa, TreIna pUgatAM, pazo;" viSaNuprasAda trivedIne lakhelA patromAM " pusatakonA thokabaMdha buphe", maMjulAla majamudAra paranA patromAM " tenuM saurabha, kusumanI ghAna;", "mAsikamAha" paranA patramAM "jagatanI eka ja brahma cakSa," phIrojhazAha mahetA paranA patramAM "vADo", vasaMtotsavanA pramukhapadethI ApelA bhASaNamAM " prabhunI deharUpa, svArI, pitAnI hadayathALa, AtmAne mIThuM suvAsa, keya," "gujarAtI bhASA ane pArasIo "nA vyAkhyAnamAM "gayelA, zuddhatA, jolI," jAme jamazedane zatavaSI utsava" lekhamAM " kArasA, AlA, dharmanI mobarI, " "kaumudIkAranI zirajorI " nAmaka carcAlekhamAM " mithyA kaDavAza e UbhuM kare che." "tIravastane abhyAsa " nAmaka lekhamAM "agyArI, tANa (TANenA arthamAM), pANIvAlo, gADIvAlI, " " marahuma eravada edalajI pha. mAdananI pavitra yAdamAM " nAmanA lekhamAM " mArI virodhamAM, suddhA, prahastha"--vagere zabdaprayogomAM pArasIbhAI bhASAlaDhaNa ane khoTA liMgaviniyoga thayelA joI zakAya che. "saTha" puliMga che, ane "saurabha " strIliMga che. paNa svAdhyAya', pu. 28, aMka 12, dIpotsava-vasaMtapaMcamI aMka, A kaTobara 1902 phebruArI 1991, 5, 67-80, - khabaradAranA patro ane gAthA graMtha sivAyanA gadyanI zailIne ahIM vicAra karyo che. lekhakanA kavi khabaradAra viSayaka pIeca.DI. mahAnibaMdhano apragaTa bhAga. + /1 bajAja kolonI, pI. ema.Ai.DI.sI. vAja,431136 vA, auraMgAbAda, mahArASTra For Private and Personal Use Only

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18 paddha ma. mAstara (madhurama) kavie ahIM upara darzAvyA mujaba e baMnene nAnyatara jAtimAM prayoga khoTI rIte karyo che. vaLI ja ghena" ane "yakSa" jevA nAnyatara jAtinA zabdone prayoga strIliMgamAM karyo che. "thALa" ane "deha " jevA paliMga zabdano prayoga cIliMgamAM karyo che, ane "suvAsa " tathA kaDavAza" jevA strIliMga patinA zabdone prayoga puliMgamAM karyo che. " karyuM" ne badale "kIdhuM", "pahoMcyAnA arthamAM "pUgyA", "jaI" ane "koI" ne badale "neya" ane "kAya" jevA zabdaprayogo te vAraMvAra vaparAya che. A rIte temanuM pArasIpaNuM hatuM thaI jAya che. Ama, pArasIpaNAnI svAbhAviktA temanA gadyanuM mukhya lakSaNa banI rahe che. (2) saraLatA emanI gadya zailInuM bIja lakSaNa che saraLatA. emaNe sAhityamAM saraLatAnI himAyata karatAM jaNAvyuM che-"he saraLatAne pUjaka che. sAhityalekhanamAM saraLatA eTale vicAranI nItarI saritA, vicAranAM gUMchaLAM lekhakanA manamAM dhummasa peThe gherAyelAM hoya, lekhakane pitAne ja pitAne bhAva ke vicAra nirmaLa svarUpamAM samajAte nahIM hoya, ane enI AMkha AgaLa taratAM citroe spaSTa rekhAmAM Akati dhAraNa karI na hoya to pachI e bhAva, e vicAra ke e citra tenAthI spaSTapaNe saraLatAthI vyakta karI zakAtAM ja nathI. mahAtmAnuM nUra e ja tenA zarIranuM AchAdana che. mATe saraLatA e lekhanakaLAne ane lekhakane mahAgaNa che. saraLatA e sAhityakaLAnuM UMcAmAM hayuM rUpa che. vicAranI spaSTatA hoya te ja vANunI saraLatA paNa AvI zake che. kaheLAyelAM pANumAM vastunuM pratibiMba AbAda paDI zakatuM ja nathI.' teo saMskRtaniSTha gujarAtI bhASAnA prayoganA virodhI hatA ane gujarAtInuM gujarAta cheDI tene pravAha pAcho saMskRta tarapha vALavAnuM pasaMda karatA nahotA. Ama, saraLa taLapadI raDha bhASA vAparavAnuM temane racata. " sAMdhyagIta "nA pravezakamAM temaNe AjanI aMgrejI bhASAnuM daSTAMta ApIne jaNAvyuM che-"kavi jesananA kALamAM base varSa pUra jevI bhArI ne pAMDityazailIthI aMgrejI bhASA sAkSaravargamAM lakhAtI tevI lakhavA hamaNuM koI aMgreja lekhaka hiMmata paNa nahIM kare. badhI saMskRti ne pragati chatAM AjanI aMgrejI bhASA saraLa sacoTa dezya mULanA zabdothI te dezya rUDhithI lakhAya che, te tevI ja zailI utama manAya che. A rIte, kavitAmAM jema * sAmAnya bAlabhASAnA derA'nA sAtatyanI teo himAyata kare che tema gadyamAM paNa teo enI ja tarapheNa kare che. e bAlabhASAne mULa rasa jhIlavAthI ja lekahaiyAne sparza thAya che ane ene ja sAhityane lagatuM sanAtana satya hovAnuM teo mAne che. gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA caudamA 1 prabhAra janAdana, "vihAriNuM" prakAzaka-lekhaka pita, mu. UMDAca (ji. sUrata), i. sa. 1920, AvRtti-1, prastAnanA" pRSa 22-23. 2 desAI maganabhAI lA. "malaka", "sAMgagIta ", prakAzaka-kavi pote, vilepArale (muMbaI), I. sa. 1929, AvRtti-1, "pravezaka', pR. 12. 3 desAI harSadarAya che. maMtrI "khabaradAra smAraka samiti", rIjharva beMka sTApha kavATasa, muMbaI, khabaradAra smAra graMtha, mAmaza-maMtrI pote. I. sa. 1956, AvRtti-1, 5. 23. For Private and Personal Use Only

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kavi khabarakAranA mahetA adhivezananA pramukhapadethI paNa temaNe sarala, ziSTa ane miSTa bhASAnI himAyata karIne jaNAvyuM che tema teo "akAraNa saMskRta zabdothI khIcokhIca bharelI gujarAtI bhASA "nI tarapheNa karatA nathI. "gujarAtI bhASA ane pArasIo '' nAmaka vyAkhyAnamAM bhASAmAM saralatA ane sAdAInA vicArane Take ApIne teo vaLI spaSTa kare che ke saralatA eTale grAmyatA ( Slang ) nahIM. temanI AvI mAnyatA hovAne lIdhe temanI bhASAmAM durbodhatA ke kilaSTatA nathI, vAkyone durA-vaya ke jaTilatA paNa nathI. bhASAnI saraLatAne lIdhe vizadatA, pAradarzaktA ane subodhatA paNa temanI zailInAM lakSaNo bane che. govardhanarAmamAM je saMskRtamayatA che, baLavaMtarAyamAM je artha dhanatA che, narasiMharAvamAM je saMkulatA che te khabaradAramAM nathI. bIje pakSe joI e te temAM nAnAlAlane zabdADaMbara nathI ane narmadanI asthiratA nathI. naMdazaMkaranI pralaMba behUdI vAkayaracanA nathI ane maNilAlanI bhArekhamatA nathI. ahIM to narI saraLatA che ane sAdAM sIdhAM vAkayomAM te vyakta thaI che. sAdI bhASA, sAdI kaDI, sAdI vAtaviveka, sAdAmAM sAdu kathe te ja kavijana eka" e zAmaLakathita uktimAM khabaradAra mAnatA hoya tema lAge che. teo zuddha gujarAtIne Agraha rAkhe che ane temane mana zuddha gujarAtI eTale rUDha gujarAtI bhASAnI sacoTatA. viSaya pramANe bhASA ane zailI joIe ane te mATe koIpaNa khAsa zAstrane lagatA viSayamAM khAsa paribhASAno upayoga paNa karavAmAM te mAne che. paNa je viSayane anurUpa zuddha ziSTa zabda rUDha bhASAmAMthI maLI AvatA hoya te dUranA ajANyA saMskRta, phArasI ke bIjI koI bhASAnA zabdo vAparavAnI jarUra nathI evI temanI mAnyatA che. A vize temaNe sAtamI sAhitya pariSadanA sAhityavibhAganA pramukha tarIkenA bhASaNamAM Takora karIne kahyuM hatuM te dhyAnapAtra che-" je zakhe. .janasamAjamAM calaNI rUpiyAnI mAphaka zuddha rUpe ja cAlatA hoya, te choDI daI mAtra paMDitAI batAvavA ja je paLepaLa saMskRta zabda-ane te paNa aparicita-vAparavAmAM Ave te tevI bhASAne gujarAtI kahevI ke.." zabda e saMskRta vyAkaraNe gujarAtI samajavI" (khabaradAra smAraka maMya pR. 40) vaLI caudamI sAhitya pariSadanA pramukhasthAnethI ApelA bhASacchamAM paNa temaNe akAraNa agharI bhASA vAparavAne virodha karIne jaNAvyuM che-"zuddha gujarAtI-gujarAtI ja lakhavuM joIe. ene bhArebhAra saMskRta zabdothI ja lAdIe te gujarAtI bhASA zatarUpe gujarAtI rahetI nathI. jyAM sudhI koIpaNa arthane darzAvate zuddha gujarAtI zabda bhASAmAM hoya tyAM sudhI te artha darzAvate bIje navo ne aparicita saMskRta zabda lAvavAnuM kazuM kAraNa nathI. " AvI temanI mAnyatA hovAthI temanI raulInuM lakSaNa saraLatA hoya, emAM navAI nathI. temanI " vihAriNuM "nI ke "dAdIsatasaI"nI prastAvanA ja, temanuM sAhitya pariSadanA pramukhapadanuM ke vasaMtotsavanA pramukha tarIkenuM vyAkhyAna jue, temane carcAlekha 4 ejana, 5. 92. 5 ejana, pU. 77. For Private and Personal Use Only

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pana ma mArata2 (madhurama), ke " cAMpazIbhAInuM khaMbhAtI tALa" nAmaka prAsaMgika lekha ja-sarvatra saraLatAnuM lakSaNa jovA maLe che. temanA saraLa sAdA gadyane eka namUne joI e. "mahApunI jIvanakathA eTale mahApuruSomAM vaselA paramAtmAnA amara aMzanI aihika jIvanakathA che. paramAtmA te agocara ane akala che, paNa paramAtmAne amara aMzanI divyatA ane prabhutA mahApuruSe dArA utarIne siddha thAya che ane aMdhArAmAM paDIne phAMphAM mAratA pRthvI paranA aneka kSadra ne e divyatA ane prabhatAne prakAza mahApuruSe mArA ekavAra pharIthI paramAtmA tarapha dorave che. ethI ja mahApuruSonA jIvana sAmAnya duniyAne haMmezAM pUjApAtra ane mArgadarzaka hoya che.' 3 sacoTatA saraLatAnI sAthe temanI gadyazailImAM je eka vizeSa lakSaNa dekhAya che te sacoTatA. gujarAtI bhASA ane pArasIo" nAmanA vyAkhyAnamAM teo jaNAve che ke bhASA eTale zabdazuddhi, vyAkaraNa, anvaya, saMpUrNa arthavistAra ne samagra saTatAne ziSTa uddagAra. AvI mAnyatAthI TUMkAM vAkya dvArA kavi je kathana kare che temAM jema Ave che ane eka prakArane abhiniveza AvavA pAme che. AvuM lakSaNa dharAvate namune joI e te kathananI pratIti thaze. judI judI prajAonI unnati ke adhogati te prajAonA sAhityanI unnati ke agati sAthe paraspara saMkaLAyelI rahe che, sAhityanI unnatimAM prajAjIvanane utkarSa che, ane prajAjIvananA utkarSamAM sAhityanI unnati che. prajA-prajAonA samartha sAhityamaMthe le te te te mathe prathita thayA te kALamAM te te gAo saMskRtinI parama sthitimAM hatI evuM turata pratyakSa thaze. sAhityanI unnati eTale prajAnA manobaLanAM prakhara darzana, prajAnI puNya bhAvanAonuM devamaMdira, prajAnI AtmazaktinA vipula dhabakArA. koIpaNa prajA sUtelI che ke jAgatI che, te tenAM samakAlIna sAhityanI dazA vaDe Devatte aMze jarUra spaSTa thaze. pRthvInA rAjya karatAM AtmAnAM manorAjya vadhAre vizALa ane vadhAre baLavaMtAM che. prajanI agati eTale e mane rAjyanI adhogati. " naMdanavananA prAsAdanI Taca" parathI sarI paDato e mane rAjyane vijayavaja jyAre pRthvInI dhULamAM raNadeLA thAya che, tyAre tenI sAthe e vijayadhvajane dhAratI prajA paNa dhULamAM havAtiyAM mAre che. jyAM sudhI e vijayadhvajane pitAnAM hadaya nicavIne tenA raMgothI e pAcho na raMge, ane tene pAchA samartha hAthe jhAlI vIratAthI te ja naMdanavananA amarakumanI Toce caDhAvI pharapharato na kare, tyAM sudhI e prajAnuM prajA tarIkenuM jIvana astavyasta ja rahevAnuM. ene parAI hAMDalI devI paDaze, pArakA cUlA jaMkavA paDaze, pheMkI dIdhelAM vastro dile caDhAvavAM paDaze, aradhA karaDIne nAMkhelA TUkaDA khAvA paDaze, parAyAM bALakonA hAlaraDAM gAvAM paDaze, enA tanamanane gulAmInuM snAna levuM paDaze, ane pavitra gaMgAdakanI amRtadhArA najara sAme vahetI jatI chatAM enA AtmAne vAlAmukhI parvatanA jevo dhagadhagate 6 malabArI, " malabArInAM kAvyarane "(saMpAda-khabaradAra aradezara pharAmajI) prakAzakasaMpAdaka pita, madrAsa, I. sa. 1917, Apatti-1, padhAta-pR. 4, For Private and Personal Use Only

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kavi khabaradAranI magharolI rahI AjubAju ardhagatinI ja agnidhArA uDAvavI paDaze. prajAnuM jIvana e prajAnA sAhityabhavananuM nivAsI che."7 4 uddabodhanAtmaka chaTA . kayAreka emanI zailImAM udabodhanAtmaka TA ane vAtacItiyA Dhaba paNa pragaTa thAya che. emAM prerakatA ane protsAhanane bhAva hoya che. kaMIka AtmIyatA sAdhIne emAM teo jaNe vAcakane dore che ane prere che. paNa narI bedhakatAne te temAM abhAva ja hoya che. enA namunAne AsvAda karIe. gujarAtI sAhitya saMskana jevuM prauDha na hoya, aMgrejI jevuM vizALa na hoya, kadAca enA bAlabaMdha baMgAlI jevuM navasamUha paNa na hoya, paNa e suMdara ane madhura to che ja ane ApaNuM potAnuM hovAthI vahAluM paNa che ja. ene ApaNA sivAya bIjA koNa lADa laDAvaze, enI abhilASAo bIja koNa purI karaze, enI nAnI moTI sevA bIjA koNa uThAvaze ane duniyAmAM ene AgaLa paDatuM karavA mATe bIja koNa ene mAthe kItinI kalagI khAsaze, evA evA koDa ApaNu sarva gujarAtI baMdhuomAM satata uchaLatA rahevA joIe. ene mATe premAnaMde jIvanabhara mAthe pAdhaDI bAMdhI nahIM, ene mATe narmada kesariyAM laI peTe pATA bAMdhe. ene mATe dalapatarAme darabAre darabAre vakIlAta karI lakSmIjIvIo pAse bhikSA mAgI ane ApaNI najara sAme ene mATe govardhanarAme lakamIjhanAM suvarNa dhAma choDI vanavAsa se. bahene ane baMdhuo, evI e ApaNI gujarAtI bhASA ane evuM e ApaNuM gujarAtI sAhitya kene priya na hoya ? enuM abhimAna ApaNe kema na rAkhIe ? enI sevAmAM ApaNe kema nAnama mANIe ? enuM rakSaNa karavA ApaNe kema pAchI pAnI karIe? jevuM che evuM e sAhitya ApaNuM che. 8 5 gaMbhIra prauDha bhASAraulI A uparAMta, savizeSa lakSaNa e che ke khabarahAramAM gaMbhIra prauDha vicAra dhaNIvAra gaMbhIra prauDha bhASAzailImAM vyakta thayela che. e sAhityane mahimA gAya ke kavitAnI jarUra samajAve ane vasaMtanA AgamananI vAta kare ke yovananI navavasaMtanI preraNAnA vAyunuM varNana karatA hoya tyAre emanuM gadya jarUrI gaMbhIratA dhAraNa kare che. enuM udAharaNa joIe. " vasaMta RtunA Agamana AgaLa pRthvI upara tIvra pavana vAya che, ane e pavananA sapATAthI jema pRthvI upara paDelAM pAMdaDAM dhasaDAI jAya che tema jhADa upara laTakatAM sUkAM patro paNa chevaTanAM kharI paDe che, ane Akhare te para dhIme dhIme navI kaMpaLA (TIne pitAnA alaukika hAsyathI vasaMtane vadhAve che. jema dara varSe kudaratamAM cAlatA A kama ApaNe anubhavIe chIe, tema 8 " khabaradA2 mArakasaMpa", 5, 23-14, sAtamI gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA sAhityavibhAganA pramukhapadethI ApeluM bhASaNa. For Private and Personal Use Only

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R pInA ma mAstara (madhurama) mAnavasRSTimAM paNa vakhateAvakhata banatuM Ave che. garama mAsamamAM jema bane tema thoDAM halakAM ane suvALAM vacce ArAma Ape che, te ThaMDImAM jADAM, garama ane kharabacaDAM vo zarIrane krU ApIne tenuM rakSaNa kare che. prasaMga tevuM vartana, e tA jIvananA prathama Adeza che, ane e AdezamAM ja jIvananeA saMvAda ( harmony) maLI zake che. jeTalA vyakti mATe teTale ja samaSTi mATe paNa A niyama khare che, ane duniyAnA ItihAsa upara najara nAkhatAM ApaNe e ja joIe chIe ke je je prajAe badalAtI sthitine dezakAlAnusAra AdhIna thaIne peAtAnA rItiravAjomAM yogya pheraphAra karatI rahI te sava prajAe potAnuM vyaktitva ane koSThatva jALavI zakI hatI. pANInA baLavAna rAhanI shAme thavAmAM vIratva raeN DahApaNa kAma lAgatAM nathI, paNa tene yogya mArga ApIne anukULa vATe deravavAthI AsapAsanI tamAma bhUmine Ladrupa karavAnuM te sAmarthya dharAve che, ane evI rIte te virodhI nA thatAM ulaTA upakAraka bane che. AryabhUminA ItihAsamAM UMDI dRSTithI jotAM ApaNane evuM ja kAMI dekhAya che, kAraNa jyAre jyAre dezakALa pharyA, tyAre tyAre e prajAnA vicArako ane netAoe te te sthitine anurUpa navAM zabdo ghaDyAM ane evI rIte bharatakhaMDanI jUnAmAM jUnI paNa ajaba AMtarazakita dharAvatI prajAnuM jIvana kALanA aneka mArA chatAM akhaMDa ane samagra rahevA pAmyuM.9 6 lekhaka mAnasanI tAdRzatA Alekhatu gadya lekhakamAnasanI tAdazatA AlekhatuM gadya paNa khabaradAranI zailInuM eka lakSaNa che. tenA daSTAMtarUpe gujarAtI bhASA ane pArasIe"nA vyAkhyAnamAMnA nIce ApelA gadyakhaMDa TAMkI zakAya. . Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir ' 'huM tamArA ja hatA ane tamArA ja sArI gujarAtanA ....Aje je haMmadIneA mane peAtAnA nathI gaNutA, te koi dahADe potAnI bhUla jarUra eraze. te nahIM te tenA vArase te jarUra joze, kAraNu ke A dezamAM je navA yuga bese che, tenAM pagalAM te kadAca potAnI TUMkI dRSTithI pichAnI zaktA na hAya, paNa e te spaSTa che ke A dezamAM A dezanI te prAMtanI ja mukhya bhASAmAM badhA rAjyavahevAra cAlaze ane A dezanI ja bhASAnAM mUlya aMkAro. te te vakhate pArasI gujarAtI, khAjA gujarAtI, musalamAna gujarAtI ke khAravA gujarAtInA bheda nahIM rahe, te saue eka ja rAjabhASA zuddha gujarAtI khelavuM te lakhavuM paDaze. ' 7. kavitvamaya aza emanA gadyamAM emanA abhyAsa ane emanI rasikatA pragaTa thAya che ane sAthe sAthe ja temAM kavitvamaya aza paNa bhaLe che. khabaradAra pradhAnataH ane prathamataH kruSi che eTale e je kaI lakhe temAM emanuM kavitva tarI AvyA vinA rahetuM ja nathI. ala kArapracuratAne lIdhe temanI zailImAM kavitAzailInI pradhInatA Ave che. jANe temanA vicArA kavitAnI phremamAM maDhAIne ja Ave che. zuM dharmAMtI carcA hoya ke zuM patralekhana hoya, zuM sAhityacarcAne lekha hoya ke zuM & " malabArInAM kAvyaranA " pADyAta pu. 21, 22, 45-41. For Private and Personal Use Only

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kavi abarakAranI mathakohalI AbhAra darzananuM bhASaNa heya-e saghaLI jagyAe "kavi khabaradAra"-nAM ja darzana thAya che. AnuM daSTAMta noMdhIe. navalakathA ane navalikA vacce taphAvata teo pariSadapramukhanA bhASaNamAM AlaMkArika zailImAM samajAve che. kavitAmAM " epIka" ane " lIrIka" vacce je mahavane phera che, lagabhaga te ja phera navalakathA ane navalikAmAM che. eka mahAkalanamaMDita-aneka meTAM nAnAM ratnathI maDhele suvarNa mugaTa che, bIjI suMdara ratnajaDita kanakanI vIMTI che.0 grAmahAranuM sAhitya vikasAvavAne anurodha karatAM caudamI sAhitya pariSadanA pramukha sthAnethI teo sarasa zailImAM kahe che-" ApaNe ApaNe jamaNe hAtha ApaNAthI jJAnamAM AgaLa vadhelAonA khabhA para mUkIne temanI sAthe upara caDhavA IcachIe, tema ApaNe DAbo hAtha ApaNI pAchaLa AvatA ne ApaNI nIce rahI jatA baMdhuonI AMgaLI pakaDavA paNa dhamya IcchAthI kAmamAM levo joIe.11 e ja bhASaNamAM temaNe kavine sUrya ane vivecakane caMdra kahIne sarasa rUpaka vaDe baMnene taphAvata samajAvyuM che-sUrya svayaM prakAzita che paNa caMdra te e sUryanA prakAzane jhIlIne ochIvattI kaLAthI e prakAzane pitAmAM dhAraNa karIne pRthvIne te pAche darzAve che. ema karavAmAM tenI kaLA svAbhAvika che, sarjaka paNa che, paNa tethI cAMdanI te kadI taDako thaI zakaze ? punamane cAMda paNa kadI sUraja kahevAtuM ke thato nathI."12 kavi dAdI tArAporavALAnA kavi tarIkenA mulyAMkanamAM khabaradAre vanasamRddhinAM nAnAMmoTAM kSo, moTI vaDavAIo, AMbAe tathA nAnA ropAo, velAo ane dhAsa vagerenA yogya sthAnane ulekha karIne kavi dAdIne nAnA paNa suMdara repanI sAthe sarakhAvyA che.13 8 sUtrAtmaktA - kAvyasulabha guNothI sabhara evI temanI gadyazailI kayAreka preraka sutrAtmakatA paNa dhAra kare che. gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA sAtamA adhivezananA sAhityavibhAganA pramukhapadethI temaNe ApelA vyAkhyAnanI bhASA prauDha, madAra, rasika ane sUtrAtmaka che. tenAM keTalAMka udAharaNe A rahyAM. 1 "ApaNu prajA tarIkenI adhogati ApaNA sAhityanI adhagatinuM ja pariNAma che."14 2 "pRthvInA rAjya karatAM AtmAnAM manorAjya vadhAre vizALa ane vadhAre baLavaMtAM che. prajAnI adhogati eTale mane rAjyanI adhogati.",15 10 pAdaTIpa 3 mujaba, 5. 81, 11-12 ejana, pR. 83 tathA pR. 88 ane pR. 72. 13 tArAporavAlA dAdI, "dAdI satazAI" prakAzaka-kavi pote, muMbaI, I. sa. 1915, Apati-1, prastAvanA pU. 4. 14-15 pAdaTIpa 3 mujaba, 5. 10 tathA pa. 5 For Private and Personal Use Only

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A vAkyAmAM kevI sUjhAtmakatA ane vicAragarbha tA che? ra navA zabdo vAparavAnI sUjha Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir page ma mAstara (madhurama) khabaradAramAM AvazyakatA mujaba navA zabdo vicAravAnI ane vAparavAnI paNa sUjha hatI. jo ke ThAkora, narisaMharAva, navalarAma ane kAlelakarane mukAbale khabaradAre AvA navA zabdo AchA ApyA che, paNu ahIM te eTaluM ja noMdhapAtra che ke temanAmAM A prakAranI sUjha hatI. emaNe je keTalAka zabdo ApyA che temAM svaritatva ( Accent ), kathAgIta ( Ballad ), pazcAdbhUmikA ( Background), akhaMDa padya ( Blank Verse ), adhikArazAsana ( Bureau. cracy ), rUpapradhAna (Classical), saMvAda ( Harmony ), sugama sAhitya ( light literature ), pratikAvya ( Parody), vANInuM DeAlana ( Rhythm ), adbhuta rasAtmaka, raMgapradhAna ( Romantic ), AkArazuddha (Symmetrical) ane varSAM zruti ( Syllable ) noMdhapAtra bane che. temaNe paribhASA barAbara rIte satra ekadhArI voparI nathI paNa AvA keTalAka pAribhASika zabdo ApaNane ApyA che. temanI gadyazailInuM A paNa eka nAMdhavA jevuM lakSaNu che. maryAdAo-(1) kaDhaMgI paribhASA khabaradAranI gadyazailInI A ujaLI bAju joyA bAda tenI kALI bAju tarapha paNa najara karavI joie. emanI gadyazailInI sauthI moTI khAmI te che emanA vivecananA lekhAmAM dekhAte paribhASAnA abhAva, kaDhaMgI paribhASAthI emanI vivecanacaryAmAM aspaSTatA UbhI thAya che ane vicAra-vyaktine hAni paNa thAya che. " rasaniSpanna thAya che'11 kahe che. 'bhAvadarzIna" ane " vicAra darzIta '' jevA zabdaprayogo . vAparIne te temAM viniyoga pAmelA '" darzana ''te amAM paraspara virodha ANe che.17 vaLI " AkAMkSita tRpti " ne badale " mananI mAnI lIdhelI tRpti '' zabdanA prayoga karIne vaktavyanI aspaSTatA pedA kare che.18 kavitAnA AnaMdanI carcA karatI vakhate vaLI teo kavitAnA AtmAnA ane dehanA Ana'ne ekarUpa mAnI levAnI ane rasabha`ga' zabdane prayAga " ekatAnatAnA bhaMga '' nA atha mAM karavAnI bhUla karI bese che.19 A khAmIne lIdhe zrI vizvanAtha bhaTTa kahe che tema temanI zailImAM bhASAnI zAstrIya cokasAI athavA spaSTA tA pUrepUrAM jaLavAtAM nathI ane alaMkArapracuratAne lIdhe dhumasanA jevuM apAradarzaka AvaraNa vyApI rahe che.20 16 khabaradAra aradezara phAma, " gujarAtI kavitAnI racanAkaLA " mArA, mu`baI yunivarsiTI, muMbaI, I. sa. 1979, AvRtti 1, 5. 4, For Private and Personal Use Only 17, 18, 19 ejana, pR. 13, 30 tathA 31. 20 bhaTTa vizvanAtha maganalAla, "niSarekhA " prakAzaka lekhaka, surendranagara, I. sa. 1946, AvRtti-1, pR. 311.

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ka ikhabahAranA bhAgelI 2 tarajumiyA zailI temane gadyamAM kayAreka tarajAmiyA zailInA namUnA maLI Ave che. videzI sAhityamAMthI preraNu levAthI gujarAtanA dhaNuM sAkSaronI bhASA tarajamiyA banI gaI hovAnI phariyAda " sAhitya" mAsike eka vAra karI hatI. e ja pramANe khabaradAranI gadyazailImAM paNa AvA namUnA prApta thAya che. emanA A doSa tarapha zrI vizvanAtha bhaTTe paNa dhyAna kheMcyuM che. 1 gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA sAtamA adhivezananA pramukhapadethI ApelA emanA bhASaNamAM AvelAM nIcenA vAkaye temanI tarajamiyA zailInI kSati darzAvI jAya che. enA para aMgrejInI asara jaNAI Ave che. 1 e evo te kevaka pArasamaNi haze ke je pitAnA saMparzathI vANInA lehane sAhityanA kAMcanamAM pheravI nAkhe? 2 paramezvare potAnI uttamamAM uttama kRtine sarpanI dayA para pheMkI dIdhI hatI. 3 jJAna e te vastuo ane vastuonA saMbaMdhone lagatI samaja zakita pradazita kare che tyAre prajJA-alaukika DahApaNa-e te satyane yAcita sAdhanonI tema ja satyane yathecata pariNAmonI cUMTaNI karI mana ane AtmAne saMga karAve che. 2 3 azuddha prayoga khabaradAra ekadhArI joDIne ane zuddha bhASAne Agraha rAkhe che, paNa temanI ja bhASAmAM joDaNI ane vyAkaraNanA azuddha prAge jovA maLe che. sAtamI sAhitya pariSadanA sAhityavibhAganA pramukhapadethI karelA bhASaNamAM satata, nirogI, zudro, riSi vA9imakI, sthala, satva, pradipta, prasaMsA, tene suvAsa, hariphAI, ulaTI, vaccenuM aMtara ane vyaktitva " " kanakotsava" prasaMge karelA AbhAradarzananA bhASaNamAM " nadIne pATa", vikAsatI, bharachaka, taLabadI, jJAnagoSThi, " saMpAdita ' ne badale " taMtrita" zabdano prayoga, ane " gujarAtI bhASA ane pArasIo nA lekhamAM vaLaNa, vahevArU, rAjyakartA ane " nAmAMkita "nA arthamAM "nAmacIna " zane gayega; " pArasIonI gujarAtI bhASA" nAmanA lekhamAM zaDha, " caMcaLa magaja " zabdomAM "catura"nA arthamAM vApare caMcaLa zabda, " artha pramANe yathArtha " tathA " mAna ane Adara" jevA zabdonA pragomAM Avate punarukti doSa, "kaumudIkAranI zirajorI" . nA carcAlekhamAM "emaNe jANavuM ja che te huM batAvIza"mAM " emane "ne badale "ema"ne thayela praga; " malabArInAM kAvyaratna nI prastAvanAmAM AvatA sahAya (" cAhe "nA arthamAM), kaDavAza Ubho thatA, nAma amara kIdhuM, puruSane lAgavaga Akhare vijayI nivaDa, 21 ejana, pR. 35 22 pAdaTIpa 3 mujaba, pu. 1, 28, 34, 44, For Private and Personal Use Only

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dhanne ma. mAstara (madhurama) bIjI gamathI haDaselIne, pavitra AtmAne ApaNe namaskAra he ! e mahAtmA, satkAra kIdhe, aniSTa, lane mULa suvAsa, pratyeka pAMdaDImAM hoya che, ane kartA ', " vihAriNIonI prastAvanAmAM AvatA" jeya che, ThIka thatuM, kIdho hato, parivartana, hAnI, TApaTIpA, urmikAvya, e je kare ke je neya ("jue" joIe) temAM tenA prItamane ja kaI paDachAye paDate lAge che, ane premamatti," jevA gayo, " sAMdhyagIta "nA pravezakamAMnA "pharajyota, ekAda bhAvane mane, jAya che, pUrti, vinaMtI kIdhI, emane paNa snehagAMTha bane che, kavitAracanA kIdhelI, grAmyagIte," jevA gayo. gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA sAtamA adhivezananA sAhityavibhAganA pramukha sthAnethI ApelA bhASaNamAMnA " sthApanA kIdhI, mukhyatve, sATuM ThokavAnuM, pUgeluM, parISada, vyakata kIdhuM" jevA zabdaprayogo vagere duSita pragAne tenA samarthanamAM TAMkI zakAya. vaLI " anekavidha halakanAma tarIke "vaiyAkaraNa" ane "dhUmra" jevA vyAkaraNaviruddhanA apaprayoga "mahAchaMdanI carcA ane zrI saMjanAnA papeTA" nAmanA carcAlekhamAM emaNe vAparyA che. temanI gadyazailInI A eka moTI khAmI che. 4 anya kSatie - A uparAMta temanI bhASAmAM rahelI bIjI kSatio tarapha paNa dhyAna jAya che. pArasIenI gujarAtI bhASA"nA vyAkhyAnamAM "vicAra karI juo" ne badale "vicAra karI nee" ne zabdaprayoga thayo che. "ba. ka. ThAkoranI sAkSaratAnI saphaLatA"nA lekhamAM "gaNanApAtra vivecakoe kAvyamAM kAMI paNa khUbI jAya te rA. ThAkora jevA mahAsAkSaranI buddhi sahana karI zake tema nathI"nA vAkayamAM "ja" ne badale "jeya"ne ane potAnI tulanAzaktinI DAMDI "nA pramANamAM " dAMDI" ne badale je DAMDI" zabdaprayoga thaye che. "tIrathastane abhyAsa "nA lekhamAM " yunivarsiTI " zabda traNa vAra vaparAya che, paNa traNe prayogomAM joDaNInI ekavAyatA jaLavAI nathI. temAM be vakhata enI joDaNI "yunivarasITI" thaI che ane trIjI vakhata " yunivarsiTI " thaI che, paNuM zuddha joDaNI te " yunivarsiTI" che. e ja lekhamAM sApanA arthamAM vaparAyela zabda "ahI"nI joDaNI zuddha nathI. tene badale 4 ahi " zabda prayoga tha joIe. gujarAtI sAhitya pariSadanA sAtamA adhivezananA sAhityavibhAganA pramukha tarIkenA bhASaNamAM "javAbadAra" zabdane badale "jokhamadAra" zabdane baga temaNe " ApaNuM jokhamadAra sAhityasaMsthAoe A sthiti vadhu vAra calAvavA devI na joIe"nA vAkyamAM karyo che te barAbara nathI. A badhA apaprayogo temanAmAM rahelI ekasAI ane cIvaTane abhAva darzAvI jAya che. 5 aparicita zabdaprayoga A uparAMta temanI bhASAmAM AvatA aparicita zabdaprayogo paNa arthagrahaNanI sagamatAmAM kayAreka avarodhaka thaI paDe che. " gujarAtI bhASA ane pArasIo " nAmanA vyAkhyAnamAM temaNe darzAvyuM che tema gujarAtImAM rUDha thayA hoya tevA ke jaladI samajAI rUDha thavAnI zakti dharAvatA hoya tevA kArasI mULanA zabda gujarAtImAM vAparavAne mata teo dharAve che, paNa bhASAnI For Private and Personal Use Only

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kavi khabaradAna mathakSe rUDhi Ama karatAM badalavI na joIe e paNa teo sAthe sAthe Araha rAkhe che. " gujarAtI bhASA ane pArasIo" nAmanA lekhamAM vaparAyelo "Ayade" " pArasIonI gujarAtI bhASA " mAMnA A olAda ane dAnA," " tIrayastane abhyAsa" lekhamAMnA "basArata, muvakala, mabeda, gAhAbAra, bahedAne" ane " marahuma eravada edalajI ka. mAdananI pavitra yAdamAM " nAmanA lekhamAMnA atharanAna, ahurA, majadA, spensAmanyu, Athavana, daene, hAdasAe, zahAdata (sAkSI purAvAnA arthamAM), vaMdIdAda, saMpha, aSojana, ravAna, ahunavaIti gAthA, tIra 55 vagere zabdo aparicita hovAthI sAmAnya vAcakavargane durbodha thaI paDe che ane tethI kavine saraLatAno siddhAMta bara AvatuM nathI. temanI gadyazailInI A paNa eka maryAdA che. A badhI maryAdAo temanI prakRtinA pratibiMbarUpa che ane ba. ka. ThAkora kahe che tema koi paNa mANasanI zailImAM tenI prakRtinuM pratibiMba UDyA vagara rahetuM na hovAthI keTaleka aMze A maryAdAo svabhAvika bane che. 6 "Amra' yamI vAyaracanA khabarakAranA gavamAM apamayoge jovA maLe che ane kayAreka temanI vAkyaracanAmAM anvayane gUMcavADe hoya che. A kAraNathI zrI jahAMgIra saMjAnA temanI vAkyaracanAne "dhUjha" jevI kahe che. 1 enA samarthanamAM khabaradAre "mahAchaMdanI carcA ane saMjAnAnA parapoTA" nA lekhamAM vAparelAM nIcenAM vAkaye teo TAMkI batAve che 1 " emanI kaTila TIkAnuM darzana te e kahe che ke mArAM vyAkhyA karavAne eka mukhya Azaya mArA " mahAchaMda uke gujarAtI " blekavarsa " nI jAherAta karavAno hato." 2 zrI saMjanA ke kaMI mAru e AkhuM vyAkhyAna vAMce temAMthI eo je bhAva ke artha kADhI batAvavA Icche che, te nIkaLatuM nathI." 3 " gujarAtanA mAnanIya vaiyAkaraNAo, jeo gujarAtI zabdonA zuddha uccAra kema thAya che te batAvI ApavAnA jokhamadAra che, ane temaNe ja ne daSTAMta ApIne A asvarita atie batAvI ApI che. te pachI zrI saMjAnA mArA A punarvidhAnane "bamajanaka" zA mATe kahe che ?" 425 A prakAranI amAsAdika vAyaracanA temanA gadyamAM kayAreka jovA maLe che ane te temanA gadyamAM kSatirUpa thaI paDe che. 2. desAI ramaNalAla ha. 'divyacakSu', prakAzaka-Ara. Ara. zeThanI kaM, muMbaI-2, AvRtti-11, I. sa. 190, pravezaka-5. 2. 24 saMkhanA jahAMgIra, "gujarAtI ... aThavADika, tatrI-desAI naTavaralAla IzArAma, varSa22, aM-17, tA. 4 me, 1941, 5. 15. 25 khabaradAra aradezara pha. "gujarAtI" aThavADika, taMtrI-desAI naTaralAla IcchA rAma varSa-22, aMka-15, tA. 29 eprila, 1941, pR. 22. For Private and Personal Use Only

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samApana khabaradAranA gadyasarjanamAM vividhatA nathI, eTale ke temaNe navalikA, nATaka, caritra, navalakathA, pravAsa ke nibaMdhikA jevA sAhityaprakAra kheDayA nathI. paNa temanI kalame mAtra nibaMdhanA kSetramAM ja vihAra karyo che ane te paNa vyAkhyAna tathA vivecananA rUpamAM ja. A kArathI temanI gadyazailImAM vividhatA bahu maLatI nathI. temAM lAlitya, prasAda ane pravAhitA che. temAM gAMdhIjInI sAdAI che, alaMkAra tathA ka95nAthI racAyeluM kAkA kAlelakara jevuM kavitva che ane munazI jevI vakatRtvachaTA che. emAM narmada je taravarATa tathA utsAhajanya jema che. emAM nAnAlAlanAM vivecanamAM che tevuM viSayAMtara nathI paNa viSayanA rahasyabiMdu taraphanuM sIdhuM prayANuM che. emAM vyavasthita nirUpaNa jovA maLe che paNa narasiMharAvanA jevI carcAnI zAstrIyatA nathI. emAM ceTa ane baLa che paNa maNilAla ke govardhanarAmanA jevuM pragADha pAMDitya nathI. emAM nAnAlAla ke narasiMharAva para garane AkSepa kyAreka thayelA hovAthI emAM navalarAmanA jevI taTasthatA ke ziSTatA jovA maLatA nathI. gadyanI bAbatamAM khabaradAre AnaMdazaMkara, gAMdhIjI ane kAlelakaranI jema mAtra nibaMdhanI ja sAdhanA karI che paNa emanI pUrvagraharahitatA emanAmAM nathI. emanI zailImAM baLavaMtarAya ThAkoranA jevI vicAraprerakatA che paNa ojasa nathI. emAM bhASAnI duravahatA nathI paNa vyAkaraNanI truTio che. emAM saraLatA che, nirarthaka piSTapeSaNa nathI, paNa paribhASAnA upayogane abhAve kayAMka aspaSTatA rahI jAya che ane punarukitadoSa paNa dekhAI Ave che. khabaradAra kaMI bhASAbaMdhAraNIA nathI paNa jeTale aMze temanuM vyaktitva emanI zailImAM pratibiMbita thAya che teTale aMze teo zailIkAra che. Ama chatAM, temane gujarAtI sAhityane narmada, navalarAma, maNilAla, govardhanarAma, narasiMharAva, AnaMdazaMkara, baLavaMtarAya ThAkora, kAlelakara, munazI ke rAmanArAyaNa pAThaka jevA samartha zailIkAra na gaNI zakAya. zailInA je prakAre ApaNe prAraMbhamAM joyA te paikInI sAdhAraNu sArI zailI ane asarakAraka zailInAM udAharaNe temanA gadyasarjanamAM maLe che paNa adabhuta zailInuM daSTAMta temAM maLatuM nathI. zailInA keTalAka prakAre vicArIe te pahelo prakAra che vyAsazelI. temAM eka ja mata yA vastu vidhavidha rUpa dvArA vistArathI AlekhAya che. bIjo prakAra che dhArAzailI. temAM nadInI jaLadhArAnI jema lekhakanA bhAva pravAhI rIte avirbhAva pAmyA hoya che. trIjo prakAra che vikSepa lI. temAM kaMIka durbodha bhASAne lIdhe arthagrahaNumAM vikSepa paDe che ane sAMkaDA moMDhAnI telanI zIzImAMthI TapakatA telanI jema lekhakanA bhAva dhImedhIme vyakta thAya che. pANImAM taraMga prathama uddabhave che ane pachI vilIna thaI jAya che. tevI rIte AmAM bhAvonAM utthAna tathA patana thAya che. ene taragazailI paNa kahe che. e prakAra che samAsazailI ane te vyAsazailIthI UlaTI che. emAM vistAra nahi paNa saMkSepa che ane ochAmAM ochA zabdomAM bhAvanI abhivyakti thayelI hoya che. saMskRta AlaMkArika mammaTanI " kAvyaprakAza"mAM jovA maLatI zailI AnuM udAharaNa pUruM pADe che. pralApazailI e che pAMca prakAra. emAM prabhAvotpAdaka zabdo ane arthavAhI zabdAvali hoya che, paNa bhASA ane bhAvanI akamikatA hoya che ane tethI te For Private and Personal Use Only

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vi khabasAranI mavaronI pralApaulo kahevAya che. paNa e nAmane rIte ApI zakAya. rolInA A pAMca tene dhArAzailInA prakAramAM mukI zakIe. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir F badale ene " Ukrama ke ucyUkhala zailI 'nuM nAma yogya prakAranI daSTie khabaradAranI gadyazailI vicArIe te 7 AvI che khabaradAranI gadyazailI. pArasIo gujarAtI bhASA pratyenA anAdathI a gujarAtI jyAre lakhatA hatA ane pArasI mAlikInAM vartamAnapatro e ahiMne yuddha karatAM hatAM tyAre khabaradAre prAraMbhathI ja pramANamAM zuddha gujarAtI lakhavAnI zarUAta karI hatI. malabArI ane kAkharAjI pachI jo koi pArasI sAhityakAre zuddha gujarAtIne jhaMDI pharakAvyA hoya teA te khaLarahAre ane temAM ya khAnadezakara dhruvanA mata muLyuM e banne lekhako karatAM kAMIka vadhu dra ane pUrIpUrI sarala chatAM gauravazALI bhASA ApaNane temanA taraphathI maLe ja. temaNe potAnI sa skArI, zuddha ane dharagaththu gujarAtI bhASAzailI dvArA gujarAtInA kamanasIbarUpa pArasIgujarAtInuM dUrlR nAbUda karavA prayatno karyAM ane te mahedarI saphaLa thayA. emanI gadyazailInI mA sevA nAnIsUnI na kahI zakAya. .. 26 dhruva AnaMdazaMkara bApubhAI, "digdaza*na ", prakAzakra-lekhaka, AkAroTha kUvAnIpALa, amadAvAda, I.sa. 1937, AvRtti-1, 5. 275, For Private and Personal Use Only

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dalah MULIHI Rs. 12. THE GAEKWAD'S ORIENTAL SERIES GOS. Nos. 30 TATIVASANGRAHA--Vol. I ( Sanskrit Text)-Edited by Pandit Embar Krishnamacharya (Reprinted; 1984) Rs 165.00 156 GANGADASA-PRATAPAVILASA-NATAKAM-by Ganga dhara- Edited by B. J. Sandesara and Pandit Amritlal M. Bhojak (1973) 157 ZAFAR UL WALIH BI MUZAFFAR WA ALIHI-An Arabic History of Gujarat Vol. II-by Abdullah Muhammad AlMakki Al-Asafi Al-Ulughkhani Hajji Ad-Dabir, Translated into English by M. F. Lokhandwala (1974) Rs. 50.00 158 A DESCRIPTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE PRINTED TEXTS OF THE PANCARATRAGAMA, Vol. I-by Daniel Smith (1975) Rs. 50.00 159 SATYASIDDHISASTRA-of Harivarman, Vol. 1-Sanskrit Text from Chinese translation by N. A. Sastri (1976) Rs. 65.00 160 AGAMAPRAMANYA-of Yamunacarya-Edited by M. Narasimhachary (1976) Rs. 18.00 161 SMRTICINTAMANI-of Gangaditya-Edited by Ludo Rocher (1976) Rs. 26.00 162 VRDDHAYAVANAJATAKA-of Minaraja, Vol. 1-Edited by David Pingree (1976) Rs. 94.00 163 VRDDHAYAVANAJATAKA-of Minaraja, Vol. II-Edited by David Pingree (1977) Rs. 64.00 164 SODHALA-NIGHANTU ( Namasangraha and Gunasangraha) of Vaidyacarya Sodbala-Edited by Priya Vrat Sharma (1978) Rs. 53.00 165 SATYASIDDHI SASTRA-of Harivarman-Vol. II (English translation by N. A. Sastri (1978) Rs. 92.00 166 SAKTISANGAMA TANTRA-Vol. IV : CHINNAMASTA KHANDA-Edited by Late B. Bhattacharyya & Pandit Vrajavallabha Dvivedi (1978) Rs. 49.00 167 KRTYAKALPATARU-of Bhatta Laxmidhara : PRA TISTHAKANDA Vol. IX-Edited by Late K. V. Rangaswami Aiyangar (1979) Rs. 53.00 168 A DESCRIPTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE PRINTED TEXTS OF THE PANCARATRAGAMA-Vol. II-AN ANNOTATED INDEX TO SELECTED TOPICS by H. Daniel Smith (1980) Rs. 41.00 169 NYAYALANKARA-of Abhayatilaka Upadhyaya Edited by A. L. Thakur & Late J. S. Jetly ( 1981) Rs. 143.00 170 TRCABHASKARA by Bhaskararaya Edited by R. G. Sathe ( 1982 ) Rs. 53.00 171 SRI GANESAVIJAYAKAVYAM Edited by B. N. Bhatt Rs. 46.00 2. Can be had of : MANAGER, UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS SALES UNIT, University Press Premises, Near Palace Gate, Palace Road, Baroda-390 oor, Gujarat, India. For Private and Personal Use Only

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pAraDI kheDa satyAgraha guNavaMta je. desAI prAstAvika-pAraDIne etihAsika satyAgraha tA. 1-9-1953 nA divase zarU thayo hato. ane tA. 5-7-1967nA divase pUro thayo hatoAma, A satyAgraha cauda varSa sudhI cAle hate. A kheDasatyAgraha aneka rIte adabhUta hatuM. pAraDInuM bhUmidelana e dezanA kRSiviSayaka mALakhAmAM sAmAjika- Arthika parivartananI dizAmAM sAmUhika janazakita dvArA. gaTa thato eka ahiMsA satyAgrahane prayoga hatuM. sthAna ane vistAra gujarAta rAjyanA valasADa jillAnI dakSiNe pAraDI tAlukA Avele che. (bhAratanA nakazAmAM A vistAra 20. 30deg . akSAMza ane 70deg pUrva rekhAMza para Avela che.) enI parva mAM dharamapura tAluke, pazcime arabI samudra, uttare valasADa tAluko ane dakSiNe umaragAma tAluko Avelo che. - pAraDI tAlukAne vistAra 42.8 ki.mI. che. 1981nI vastIgaNatarI pramANe kula vastI 205538 nI che, jemAM 70 TakA AdivAsIo che. mukhyatve dhAsiyA pradeza che. khetIlAyaka jamIna ochI che. jamInanA aneka kAyadAonA pariNAme paNa sImAMta kheDatoe pitAnI jamIna gumAvI che. khetamajura jevA ahIMnA AdivAsIonI paristhiti ghaNI vikaTa banI tyAre tenA pariNAma svarUpe dhAsiyA jamIna delana ane mikrAni thaI. " satyAganI pravAmikA:--I. sa. 1950mAM te samayanA surata jillAmAM 17 lAkha ekara jamIna khetIlAyaka hatI, temAMthI trIjA bhAganI eTale ke sADA pAMca lAkha ekara jamInamAM pAsa UgatuM hatuM. te paikI pAraDInI kula 98 hajAra ekara jamInamAMthI Azare 50 hajAra ekara jamIna para ghAsa UgatuM hatuM. tAlukAmAM trIjA bhAganI jamIna mAtra se jeTalA jamInadAranAM kuTuMbonI mAlikInI hatI. teo sothI traNe hajAra ekara sudhInA jamInamAliko hatAM. temane mukhya vyavasAya dhAsane vepAra hato. temaNe chelalA pacAsathI pozAse varSanA gALAmAM AdivAsI pAsethI ane nAnA madhyamavarga pAsethI dhaNI kharI jamIne kabaje karI hatI. . jamInanI pherabadalIne, Akhe itihAsa chetarapiMDI ane sitamagArIthI bhareluM che. saurASTranI garAsadArIne paNa TapI jAya tevI pAraDInI dhAsiyA jamInane ItihAsa che. A isiyAnA mAlikee pitapatAnA sthAna upara kevaLa ApakhudazAhI calAvI hatI. briTIza , , : 'vAcAya.', pu. 28, aMka 1-2; dIpotsavI- vasaMtapaMyamI aM, oNkaTobara 192 - zaArI 193, 5. 81-92 : ", : " * je. pI. pAraDIvAlA ArTasa enDa marja leja,khijA pArasa, ji. valasA For Private and Personal Use Only

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guNata je. desAI amala daramyAna kharI sattA paNa A jamInadAroe ja bhogavI hatI. gAmanI jamInanA rekaDe je gaNotadhArAnI cAvIrUpa hatA e rekarDo jamInadArInA darabAramAM ja dhaDAtA ane rAtorAta badalAtA. pilIsataMtra ane adhikArI vargane temane pitAnA hAthamAM rAkhyAM hato. 3. * * * kisAno potAnI jamInanA mAliko maTI gatiyA banyA. uparAchAparI gaNAtakAyadAo heThaLa jamIna parathI UkhaDI jaIne chevaTe majariyA banyA. jyAM annanI khetI thatI tyAM dhAsiyA UbhA thayA. A jamInadArae AdivAsIo pAsethI jamIna laIne sAcA arthamAM khetI karI hota to khetamajUrI tarIke paNuM teo TakI rahyA hatA. A garIba sImAMta kheDUtenI rahIsahI gaNatanI jamIna paNuM 1952nI sAlamAM gatakAyadA heThaLa gumAvavAno vakhata AvyA. kabajA choDavAnI noTIsa maLavA lAgI hatI. khUnarejI sudhI vAta pahoMcI gaI hatI. te samaye 195nI sAlamAM sarearanI pahelI tArIkhe pAraDInA aitihAsika kheDa satyamahana zaruAta thaI. A sratyAgrahanI zarUAta pAraDI tAlukAnA DuMmalAva gAmamAMthI thaI. . kheDasatyAgrahanuM svarUpa ane viziSTatAo:-- - cauda karatAM vadhu varSa sudhI cAlelA A satyAgrahanuM svarUpa saMpUrNa zAMta ane ahiMsaka hatuM. satyAgraha gAMdhIeMdhyA mArge, asahakAranA svarUpe zistabaddha cAlyo hato. 1953thAM zaru thayela A satyAgraha 1967 sudhI cAlyuM. te daramyAna AjhAdI pachInA bhAratamAM rASTrIya kakSAe ane rAjyakakSAe aneka parvane thayAM. pAraDI tAlukA zarUAtamAM muMbaI rAjapanA surata jillAmAM samAviSTa hatuM. me 1960 pachI mahArASTra ane gujarAta rAjya alaga thatAM pAraDIne prazna gujarAta sarakAre hAthamAM lIdho. dezamAM AjhAdI pachI kRSikSetre jamInanA kAyadAo sahita thayelAM aneka parivartanane kAraNe bhUdAnapravRtti, sarvodaya pravRtti, nakasalavAdI pravRtti vagere sAthe pAraDI kheDa satyAgraha jevA banAvoe samasa deza ane videzavAsIonuM dhyAna kheMcyuM. A kheDayAmanuM eka rAjakIya pAnuM khAsa yAna kheMce che. mULa koMgresanA kAryakartAone AjhAdI pachInA divasomAM koMgresanI nIti-rIti sAme matabheda UbhA thayA. samAjavAdathI ApavA dezanA prazno jaladI ukelI zakAze evI bahAthI teo koMgresamAMthI chUTA paDI ane samAjavAdI pakSamAM joDAyA. ghaNAM varSo sudhI koMgresa sarakAra sAme eka ke bIjI rIte temaNe virodha vyakta karyo. pAraDI satyAgrahanA mukhya praNetA sva. IzvarabhAI choTubhAI desAI, azoka mahetA ane sthAnika AdivAsI netA uttamabhAI paTelanI rAjakIya kArakirdIne itihAsa A bAbate spaSTa kare che. sauthI Azcaryajanaka bAbata e hatI ke zrI IzvarabhAI tathA zrI uttamabhAI paTela jevA netAoe prathama prajA samAjavAdI pakSanaM charAsabhya tarIke ane pAchaLathI 1964 pachI koMgresanA dhArAsabhya tarIke sarakAra sAthe saMgharSa karyo ane pAraDIne ahiMsaka satyAgraha saphaLa karyo. sarakAramAM ane pakSamAM rahIne e rIte zAMta-ahiMsaka pratikAra ka e AjhAddha pachInA ItihAsamAM dazAMtarUpa che, e. For Private and Personal Use Only

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pANISatpApa satyAgrahanA mukhya netAo : 1 sva. IzvarabhAI choTubhAI desAI, 2 azoka mahetA 3 zrI uttamabhAI paTela (sthAnika AdivAsI netA ) : zrI hakumata desAI 5 hai. amUla desAI 6 zrImatI kamabena desAI (IzvarabhAinAM patna) 7 zrI govidajIbhAI desAI (sthAnika eDavokeTa ). satyAgrahamAM bhAga lenAra anya AgevAno - 1 zrI sanata mahetA 2 jayaMtibhAI dalAla 3 nAnubhAI nI chAbhAI paTela (mAjI saMsadasabhya) 4 jazavaMta mahetA pa naaralAla modI 6 DAhyAbhAI modI 7 parama bhagata 8 vasaMta dalAla. satyAgrahane baLa ApanAra netAo :( 1 zrI vinobA bhAve ra zrI jayaprakAza nArANuM 3 pU. ravizaMkara mahArAja 4 AcArya kRpalANI 5 ka hadIsI' (paMDita javAharalAlanAM bahena ) 6 naTavaralAla zAha (pIkara, gujarAta vidhAnasabhA) 7 premabhAsina 8 mahiuddIna herisa 9 jagatarAma dave 10 babalabhAI mahetA 11 zrI nabhakemsa caudharI ( te samaye erasAnA mukhya pradhAna) 12 zrI esa. ema. joSI 13 zrI nArAyaNa desAI 14 harSakAMta vorA 15 harivalabha parIkha. satyAgrahanuM yaH pAraDI tAlukAnI kula jamInamAMthI Azare 50% jeTalI jamIna upara dhAsiyA hatA. ' A ghAsiyAne lIdhe garIba khetamajurone agiyAra mahinA bekAra besI rahevuM paDatuM, jyAM aDadhI jamIna para ghAsa UgatuM ane jyAM garIba kisanenI atigIca vastI hatI evA pAraDI vistAranA kisAnI mAMga khetI mATe bhUmisaMpAdana karavAnI ane dhAsiyA jamInamAM jamInanmAlike pAse khetI karAvI majUrI meLavavAnI hatI. te mATe satyAgraha daramyAna nIce mujaba kAryakama nakkI karavAmAM Avyo hato. 1 pAraDIvistAranI Azare 50 hajAra ekara dhAsiyA jamInamAMthI 32 hajAra ekara jamIna eTale ke huM bhAganI jamInane annanI khetI nIce lAvavI. 2 A batrIsa hajAramAMthI 25 hajAra ekara jamIna tAlukAnAM 5000 mihInenAM kahebane athavA nAnA sImAMta kheDUtone vahecavI. te mATe jamInanI TocamaryAdA nIcI lAvavI. , bAkInI 7000 ekara ghAsiyA jamIna kheDavAnI kheDUta-jamInadArone taka ApavI. For Private and Personal Use Only

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4 chevaTe bAkI rahetI ? bhAganI jamInamAM sAruM pAsa pAke te mATe prayatna karavA tathA pratyeka gAmanA DherenA pramANamAM gaucara mATe dhAsiyA anAmata rAkhavA. satyAgrahanuM pariNAma - Azare 25000 ekara jamIna meLavavAnuM dhyeya hatuM ane te bhUmihIne vahecavAnI hatI. tenI sAme satyAgrahanA aMte 14000 ekara jamIna judA judA svarUpe meLavI zakAya. paraMtu dhAsiyA jamInamAM khetI zarU karavAnuM svapna mahad aMze sAkAra banyuM nahi. satyAgrahanI zarUAta ane saMkSipta ItihAsa: AjhAdInI laData daramyAna gAMdhIjInA netRtva heThaLa kheDA, bAraDolI vagere aneka ThekANe nAnA moTA satyAgraha thayA hatA. paraMtu svarAjya pachI kogresa sarakAranI prajAnA AthikasAmAjika prazno udelavAnI paddhati "je se the" jevI hatI. je kAyadAo thatA tene lAbha upalA ane vAcALa vargone maLa. dezanI annasamasyAne mATe jamIna sudhAraNAnA kAyadAo ane tenA amalIkaraNanI kSatio javAbadAra hatAM ane te mATe khetInA pAyA para AdhArita tathA khetapedAza para nabhatA odyogika samAja (Agro Industrial society)nuM citra arthe zAstrIoe rajU karyuM hatuM. nabaLI paDatI dareka kakSAnI netAgIrIne kAraNe koMgresamAMthI eka jUtha prajA samAjavAdI pakSamAM joDAyuM. A pramANe prajA samAjavAdI pakSamAM joDAnAra va. IzvarabhAI choTubhAI desAI paNa hatA. - 1952nI cUMTaNImAM pAraDInI sAmAnya beThaka para kamelA zrImaMta umedavArane harAvI pI. esa. pI.nA AdivAsI umedavAra jaMgI bahumatIthI cUMTAyA te samaye cUMTaNInI kAmagIrI mATe IzvarabhAI vAraMvAra pAraDI AvatA. temaNe pArakInA kisAnonA praznomAM rasa lai pAraDI kisAnapaMcAyata nI sthApanA karI. teo pAraDIvistAramAM kheDa ane jamInamAlikonA praznone abhyAsa karatA. satyAgraha vagara pAraDIne prasa ukelI zakAya tema nathI evI IzvarabhAIne khAtarI thavA lAgI, 195thI 1953nA julAI sudhImAM zrI IzvarabhAI, zrI uttamabhAI paTela, zrI sanatabhAI mahetA vagere muMbaI rAjyanA mahesUla pradhAna zrI hIrene maLyA. temane eka Avedanapatra pazu ApyuM. ghAsanI paDatara jamIne menejamenTa heThaLa levA ane temAM khetI karAvavA pagalAM sUcavyA paraMtu sarakAra sAthenI vATAdhATo niSphaLa nIvaDI. 12 oNgasTa, 1953nA roja jamInavihoNA kisAnI relI kADhavAmAM AvI. temaNe mAmalatadArane Avedanapatra ApyuM paMdara divasamAM sarakAra pAse javAba meLavavAnI vinaMtI karI. ne tema na thAya te pahelI sapTembara 1953nA divase kisAne mAnava adhikAra, satya ane nyAyanI sthApanA kAje AkharI mArga tarIke dhAsiyA jamIna para ahiMsaka satyAgraha karaze, evI naverAta karI.. For Private and Personal Use Only

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pANI saradhArA * * * A satyAgrahano udeza pAsiyA jamInamAM beThA karI anna utpanna karavAno hato. tethI A satyAgraha pAra karIne "anakheDa satyAgraha" athavA "pAraDI ghAsiyAsatyAgraha " tarIke jANItA banyA. tA. 20mI ogasTa 1953nA divase pharIthI kisAna relI yojavAnI jAherAta thaI. emAM zrI azAka mahetAne netRtva levA AmaMtraNa ApavAmAM AvyuM. tA. 27mInI relImAM satyAgrahane kAryakrama jAhera thaze. te mujaba 3000 ekara jamInanAM mAlika zrI amaratalAla lallubhAI zAhanI malAva gAmamAM AvelI jamInamAM sAta tADa nAmanI jagyAethI satyAgrahanI zarUAta karavAnuM nakkI thayuM. " A jAherAta thatAM ja AkhA gujarAtamAM tathA dezamAM tenA paDadhA pA. satyAgrahane AraMbha : : tA. 1lI sapTembara 1953: prathama satyAgraha: 1 - - Ayojanabaddha satyAgraha zarU thaze. 15 thI 20 hajAra AdivAsIo ekatra thayA. sarakAre kAyade-vyavasthA jALavavA meTI saMkhyAmAM baMdUka ane lAThIdhArI polIsanI TukaDI mokalI. satyAgrahIone ahiMsaka rahevAnI pratijJA levaDAvI hatI. barAbara bAra vAgye 97 bahene sahita 1054 kisAnee azoka mahetAnI AgevAnI heThaLa amaratalAla lalubhAInI jamInamAM praveza karyo. aoNka mahetAe haLa pakaDayuM. kheDavAnuM zarU karyuM ane kisAnee kodALIthI kheDavA mAMDayuM. sAMjanA cAra vAgye satyAgrahIone pakaDavAmAM AvyA. pAchaLathI agiyAra jaNAne aTakamAM laI bAkInAne choDI mUkavAmAM AvyA. azoka mahetAnI dharapakaDane kAraNe AkhA dezanuM dhyAna pAraDI tarapha kheMcAyuM : ? . AgevAne pakaDAI javA chatAM satyAgrahanA netAoe ghaDI kADhelA kAryakrama pramANe zistabaddha rIte, satyAgraha cAlu ravo. sapTembara ane okaTobara 1953 daramyAna judAM judAM sthaLee maLIne agiyAra jeTalA satyAgraha thayA. 1 tA. 5 sapTembara 1953-bIne satyAgraha sthaLa -moTADhA (dharamapura ) mahilA satyAgraha. netA:-raNachoDabhAI paTela. 1500 jeTalI bahenoe bhAga lIdhe. nirIkSaka - zrI "zudIna si. dhapAI ATha satyAgrahIonI. + 2 tA. 19 sapTembara, 1953-trIne satyAgraha, sthaLa -dhagaDamALa (pAraDI) nirIkSaka - zrI jayaMtIlAla dalAla, dharapakaDa-29 atyAgrahIonI. tA. 5 sapTembara, 1958tha " satyAgraha, sthaLa :-senavAI (pAraDI) nirIkSaka -bI daMDavata, zrI sayasUra tathA chabIladAsa mahetA. dharapakaDaH-12 satyAgrahIonI. ' tA. 25 sapTembara 15 pAMcame satyAgraha. sthaLa :-dhagaDamA (pAraDI) (mahilA salAmaha) dharapakaDa:276 mahilA satyAgrahIonI. sa:-darekane 25 che. daMDa, For Private and Personal Use Only

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yAta che. desAI 5 28 sapTembara 1953 - satyAgrata. eka sAthe, trakhya sthaLoe satyAgrahanI jasarAta sthaLaH-meTApeDhA, dhamaDamALa ane bAladA parata prAnta emisare 3119 ekara jamIna bhUmihIna kheDUtone ApavAnI jAherAta karI. AthI meTApeDhAnA satyAgraha mera rakhAya paraMtu dhagaDamALa ane bAladA mAM satyAgraha thaze. dharapakaDa :-ra-1 satyAgrahI enI. sajA - 25 , daMDa, be mAsanI jelanI sajo. * 6 tA. 31 sapTembara, 1953 sAtame satyAgraha sthaLaH- navADA ane dhagaDamALa (be sthaLe.e) dharapakaDa :- 00 satyAgrahIonI. cha tA. 1 okaTobara, 1957 - AThame satyAgraha. sthaLa -bAlA, dhagaDamALa ane sonavADA. dharapakaDa:-73 satyAgrahonI (bALAne paNa pakaDavAmAM AvyAM). * daramyAnamAM pAraDImAMthI azaka mahetA, IzvarabhAI ane tamabhAI paTela sAme kesa AvyA. teone agiyAra mAsanI sajA karavAmAM AvI. bIja nava satyAgrahIone cAra mAsanI sajA thaI prajAmata prabaLa banate jete hato. sarakAra lAMbo samaya temane jelamAM rAkhI zake tema na hatuM. aDhI mahinAmAM ja teone choDI mUkavAmAM AvyA. A satyAgrahanI saphaLatAthI kAMgresamAMnA jamInamAliMkA taraphI netAone ciMtA thaI. navasArInA zrI lAlabhAI nAyaka nAmanA eka kAryakara medAne pA. temane khetene satyAgrahathI dUra rahevA salAha ApI. pAraDI satyAgrahanI viruddha pratikAe chApIne bahAra pADI. AnI koI asara thaI nahIM. satyAmahe cAlu . . 8 tA. 5 okaTobara. 1953 -nAme satyAgraha. sthaLa -sAnavADA. 9 tA. 7 okaTobara, 19 paDa-dasame satyAgraha. sthaLa :- pa (pAraDI) gAme che. dharapakaDa:-35 bALakene pakaDIne rimAnDa homamAM mokalI ApavAmAM AvyAM. 10 tA. 10 okaTobara 1957 -agiyArame satyAmaha. sthaLa -AvAla dharapakaDa-16 satyAgaDIonI. tA. 1* okTobara 1953nA divase kheDaatyAgrahane bahAranuM navuM varUpa apAyuM. A divase hAjarImAM zrI jayaMti dalAle lAla jhaMDo pharakAvI kisAne pAse saMda95 karAvya -A dhAma kisAnane lehI cusanAra che mATe ke tene kApaze nahiM tema joIne te kApavA deze nahi. tA. 26, 27, 28 navembara 195ka-pU. ravizaMkara mahArAja pAraDI tAlukAnA pravAse AvyA. zarUAtamAM jamInadAroe pI jamIna bhUdhanamAM apI. mahArAjanA mana upara jaDI chA5 5DavA prayatna karavAmAM AvyA. phebruArI-1954travizaMkara mahArAja pharIthI 10 divasa mATe pAranA pravAse AvyA. temaNe kheDaatyAgrahanA kAraNonI buTa karatuM eka nivedana bahAra pADayuM. For Private and Personal Use Only

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pAraDI ahI . rI. 10 okaTobara-1954-ravizaMkara mahArAje " pAraDI vikAsa samiti ''nI nimaNUka A samitie 130 pAnAMnA eka ahevAla bahAra pADyo jemAM satyAgrahInI mAgaNI nyAyI che ane ghAsiyA jamInamAM annanI khetI thavI joIe e spaSTa nirdeza karavAmAM AvyA. tA. 28 okaTobara 1954-" DrAivara samiti "nI nimaNuka-sarakAre punA yunivarsiTInA prAdhyApaka DrAIvaranA adhyakSapaNA heThaLa dasa khetIvADIadhikArInI banela samitine vigatavAra abhyAsa karavAnuM kAma soMpyuM, leAkAe ahevAla taiyAra karavAmAM sahakAra ApyA. A samitinA ahevAla bahAra paDe te pahelAM izvarabhAIe sAta muddAnA kAryakrama ghaDIne bahAra pADaye. 1954:----satyAgrahane khIne tabakako :-1954thI 1959 1954mAM muMbaI rAjyanA mukhya pradhAna morArajI desAIe pAraDIne pravAsa karyAM. keTalAMka nivedano karyA. paraMtu koI nakkara pagalAM lIdhAM nahIM. A ja samaye prA samAjavAdI pakSanA pramukha AcArya kRpalANI pAraDI AvyA. temaNe pAraDInA satyAgraha gAMdhIvicAra pramANe umadA satyAgraha che ema jalyuAvyuM. 1954nA varSa daramyAna 25000 karatAM vadhu khetamajurA A asahakAranI laDatamAM jeDAyA hatA. satyAmahIeAe dhAsiyA para upakeTIMganA kAryakrama apanAvI asahakArane saphaLa banAvyA. jInArAe 5000 ekara jamIna ApavAnAM niz ya jAhera karyAM. pikeTIMga baMdha karavAmAM AvyAM paNa asahakAra cAlu rahI. 1955-56muMbaI sarakAre rAjyanA bajeTamAM dharamapura-pAraDInI ghASiyA jamInamAM anAjanI khetI karavA rUA. 30 lAkhanA khuMvALI eka yojanA taiyAra karI. kheDUtonI sakArI maMDaLI racI te mAraphata dhAsiyA jamInamAM khetI karavAnuM nakkI karyuM. paraMtu samaya jatAM A prazna pakSIya rAjakArabhunA viSaya banI gayeA eTale kSamama gejanA niSphaLa gaI. A samaya daramyAna 1956-57: ---aa samaya darmyAna IzvarabhAI haMmaNuM satyAgrahane lIdhe gAvAnI jelamAM hatA. temanI gerahAjarImAM pAraDImAM zrI uttamabhAI, zrI goviMdabhAI, vakIla, kumudaeNbana desAI tathA zro hukumata desAI vageree satyAgrahanA kAryakrama thAtu rAkhyA. jamIradArAe hArka kArTamAM apIla karI hatI. nyAyamUrti zrI cAgalAe dhAsiyA jamInane khetIlAyaka gaNAvI gaNotadhArAnI 65mI kalamane AdhAre evI jamIna sarakAra menejamenTa heThaLa lai zake evuM jAhera karyuM.... 1957 -lekrasamA ane vidhAnasabhAnI cUMTaNI thaI. pAraDImAM pI. esa. pI.nA umedavAra zrI uttamabhAI paTela cUMTAya cUMTaNI pachI pharIthI satyAgrahanI zarUAta thaI. A varSamAM pahelI eprila 1954thI amalamAM AvelA nave gaNatadhArA AkhA rAjyane lAgna po. gujarAtamAM 5 lAkhathI vadhu kissA gaNetiyA upara kADhavAmAM AvI, e paikI 5000 nATikA For Private and Personal Use Only

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yakRta, je. desAi pAraDIvistAranA gaNAtiyA kheDUtAne maLI jamInadAre e gaNAtiyA sAme korTa mAM dAvA karyAM. Ama, krAryanta ane pratikrAntinAM baLA sAmasAme AvyAM. pAraDInA kisAnakA rtAone vitAbAjInI bhUdAnapravRttimAM zraddhA beThI. temaNe 21mI sapTembarathI 2jI oNkaTobara sudhI 12 divasanI padayAtrA karI. DIsembara 1957mAM pAraDI tAlukAnAM dhaNAM gAmemAM zibira yojavAmAM AvyA. temAM grAmadAnanuM mahattva samajAvavAmAM AvyuM. 1958 :-31 jAnyuArI, 1958-A divasathI IzvarabhAi e karIthI grAmadAnaAMdalanuM aMge pravAsa zarU karyA. jamInadArAe thADI meADI jamIna ApavAne sarpa nahera . bhUdAnaAMdolana aMge vinobAjI sAthe mukta carcA karavAmAM AvI. bhUdAnaAMdolananI paNa sthApita hIteA para khAsa asara thai niha. 19593-1959mAM vinebAjI gujarAtanA pravAse AvyA, kAryakramanA AyojAe temanAM sUrata jillAnA pravAsamAMthI pAraDI--dharamapura tAlukAne bAdha rAkhyA hatA. tethI pAraDInA 1000thI vadhu krisAtA vinAbAjInAM darzana karavA pAraDIthI 20 ki. mI. pagapALA pravAsa karIne sUrata gayA. vinAbAe pAraDI kheDasatyAgrahane biradAvyA. 1959mAM jenInaTocamaryAdAmAM kAyadAmAMthI chaTakavA jamInadAre e jamInanA kRtrima bhAgalAe karyA. kuTuMbanI judI judI vyaktinA nAme jamIna caDAvavA mAMDI. zrI uttamabhAinA upara hiMsA va*vigraha karavAne Aropa mUkI temane tAlukAmAMthI taDIpAra karavA noTisa kADhI, zrI uttamabhAI dhArAsabhya hatA chatAM temanI sAme AvAM pagalAM levAyAM tathA samagra tAlukAmAM skrarATa phelAye. sapTembaraAkaTAbara 1959mAM jamInadArInAM kAvatarAM taraph sarakAranuM dhyAna deravAmAM AvyuM. te aMgeno purAvAo rajU karavAmAM AvyA. sAta sAta varSanA satyAmaha pachI paNa AvI paristhiti satAM pharIthI AMdolanane ugra banAvavAnI taiyArI thai. 1960-satyAgrahanA ' trIne taLo-phebruArI 1960mAM orissAnA mukhyapradhAna ane jANItA bhUdAnakArya kara zrI nabhakRSNa caudharI pAraDInA pravAse AvyA temaNe satyAgrahIone baLa ApyuM. ahIMnI ghAsiyA jamIna khetIlAyaka che evA mata jAhera karyAM F me 1960-mAM muMbaI rAjyanuM vibhAjana thayuM. gujarAtanI navI sarakAra racAI. tenA mukhya pradhAna DaoN. jIvarAja mahetA hatA. gujarAta sarakAre muMbaI sarakArane jamInanI TAMca maryAdAnAM dhArA cAlu rAkhyA. paraMtu jamInanA bhAgalAnI pravRtti sAme tAkAli karyuM karyuM nahi. egasTa 1960-mAM relI ane vividha stare matraNA-tA. 16 ogasTanA roja pAraDIdharamapuranA kisAneAnI eka .relI mejAi. pharIthI satyAgrahanI tayArI thaI. sattvAmahanA netA IzvarabhAI sAthe DaoN. rasikabhAi parIkha, zrI jIvarAja mahetA ane zrI merArajI desAinI mAtrA cAjAi, na For Private and Personal Use Only

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pAraDI kheDatyAgraha - 1lI sapTembara, 1960 pAraDI mukAme maLelI pI. e, pI.nI kArobArImAM sarakAra sAthe thayelI maMtraNAnI carcA karavAmAM AvI ane tA. 16 sapTembara 1960nA roja payiAmAM velavAgaDa mukAme pharIthI relI yojavAnuM nakkI thayuM. sarakAre "jillA vikAsadaLa"nI racanA karI. paraMtu temAM ahIMnA koI pratinidhine sthAna na ApyuM. 1961 :-sarakAranI zubhanidhAmAM vizvAsa mUkI satyAgraha cheDA samaya mATe sthigita karyo. - 1962 mArca 1962mAM rAjyanI vidhAnasabhAnI cUMTaNI thaI. pAraDI satyAgrahanA be mukhya netA zrI IzvarabhAI gAdevImAMthI ane zrI uttamabhAI pAraDI vibhAgamAMthI pI. esa. pI. pakSamAMthI cUMTAyA. pAraDImAM zrI rAmabhAI kAMgaSanA amedavAra sAme vijayI banyA hatA eTale pAraDI tAlukAnI prajAne A kheDa satyAgrahane Teko hato ema spaSTa thatuM hatuM. 1lI sapTembara 1962 :- 1lI sapTembaranI kisAnarelImAM sarakArane eka varSamAM pAraDIne prazna ukelavA AkharInAmuM ApavAmAM AvyuM. sarakAra pAraDI tAlukAnI jamInanI majaNunuM kAma hAtha dharyuM. - 1lI sapTembara 196a :-1lI tArIkhanI relImAM akhila bhArata pI. esa. pI.nA mahAmaMtrI zrI premabhAsina AvyA hatA. A relImAM sarakArane pharIthI AkharInAmuM ApavAmAM AvyuM ane 10 sapTembara 1963nA divasathI sAmudAyika dhoraNe zarIthI anakheDA satyAgraha zarU karavAnuM nakkI thayuM. tene kAryakrama nIce mujaba nakkI karavAmAM AvyA. kAryakrama -. 10 sapTembara, 1963-maMgaLavAra malAva gAme satyAgraha. 2. 15 sapTembara, 1963-ravivAra-moTApoMDhA gAme satyAgraha 3. 20 sapTembara, 1963-zukravAra- vigaDamALa (pAraDI) khAte mahilA satyAgraha 4. 30 sapTembara, 1967-somavAra-navADA gAme satyAgraha 5. 2 okaTobara, 1963-budhavAra eka sAthe nakkI karelAM dasa gAmamAM sAmudAyika satyAgraha. -koparalI-dhaDakavA-malAva da gAma -pAraDI umarIgarane pahADa-gAma-cIkhA -moTADhA-dhagaDamALa-garIsenavADA. A vyApaka satyAgrahanI jAherAtathI vAtAvaraNa taMga banyuM ane AkharInAmAne javAba sarakAre manAI hukama pragaTa karIne Age. tA. 5 sapTembara, 1963 surata jillAnA kalekaTare pAraDI-dharamapura vistAramAM hathiyAra sAthe karavAnI ane sutrocAra karavAnI manAI pharamAvI. tA. 8 sapTembara, 1963 nA roja sarakAre eka jAhera nivedana bahAra pADayuM. temAM jaNAvyuM ke, "10 sapTembara thI zarU thanAra kheDasatyAgrahanA vicArane amalamAM mUkavAnuM salAha bharyuM nathI. tenAthI azAMti sarjAze. baMdhAraNa anusAra khAnagI mAlikInI jamIna kAyadAmAM jaNAvela svA, 11 For Private and Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra to gulamata je. desA siddhAMta anusAra ja prApta karI zakAya, satyAgrahathI nahiM ", sarakAranuM A nivedana 9 sapTembara 1963 nA rAja vatamAnapatramAM pAryuM, chatAM 10mI tArIkhanA satyAmaDhanI taiyArI pUradezamAM thavA lAgI, sarakAra 1200thI vadhu khelIsA ane esa.Ara.pI.nA javAnone kAyado ane vyavasthA jALavavA mUkayA. 10 mI sapTembara-1963 DumalAva gAme sahAya thayA. polIse sattAmaDhIo paika prathama zrI IzvarabhAIne aTakamAM lIdhA. pachI bIna zuddha satyAgrahIone pakaDavAmAM AvyA. 4 vAgyA sudhI pAsiyA jInamAM polIsa tathA bhADAnI doDAdoDI cAlu rahI. 4 vA uttamabhAIe badhAMne pAchA karavAnA Adeza ApatAM mAtra 10 miniTamAM 20 thI 25 hajAra sekA pAsiyAmAMthI nIkaLI gayA. daramyAna rAjyakakSAe tathA rASTrakakSAe mA mahattvanA banAvo banI jA, je pAraDInA praznane paNa sparzI gayA hatA. 1964 :~ pI. esa. pI. pakSamAM babANa --baLavatabhAI mahetA ane pArasI kisAna 'cAyata vacce karAra-rASTrakakSAe aA mahetA ane tenA keTalAka sAthI risamAM kheDAyA. rAjyakakSAe jIvarAja mahetA pachI khaLavatabhAI mahetA mukhya pradhAna banyA. temanI sAthe pAraDInA prazna bAbatamAM samAdhAnanA karAra thayA. jamInanA sarvenuM kAma zarU karavAmAM AvyuM. bAvatarAya mahetA sAthenI carcA pachI pAraDI kheDasatyAyananA netAo koMgresamAM neDAyA. 4 AkarAbara 1964 tenA kAryasa prarveza pachI mahinAmAM pAraDIno prazna zakelavAnA hatA. paraMtu sarakAranuM kAma taddana dhImuM paDI gayuM. sarakAra taraphathI nirAzAjanaka javAba maLavA lAgyA. tA. 1lI sapTembara 196panI lImAM gujarAta sarakArane cetavaNI ApavAnuM nakkI thayuM, OM ne rAjya. enA ApelA vacananuM pAlana nahIM kara nA chevaTanA upAya tarIke kisAno pAsane bALIne DAMgaranI rApaNI karaze ane te mATe 25 julAI 1965 sudhImAM gujarAta sarakArane evuM karelI jAherAtano amala karavA jaNAvyuM. daramyAna deza para pAkistAnanuM aAkramaNa thayuM. sarakAra vacanapAlana karI zakI nahi. satyAgraha cAlu rahyo. tA. 17 sapTembara, 1965-IzvarabhAI ane sarakAra vacce maMtraNA yojAI. daramyAna hAIkorTanA cukAdA pragaTa thayo. te mujaba-jamIna TocamaryAdAnA dhArA DhaMDhaLa bAsiyA jamInane DAMgaranI khetI mATe kheDANu heThaLa lai zakAya che ema nahera thayuM. AnAthI sarakAranA mA mekaLA thayA. tA. 21 mArca 1966 nA divase izvarabhAi sAthe gujarAtanA mukhya pradhAna hitendra desAI ane mahesUla pradhAna utsavabhAI parIkha vacce pAsiyA janInanA praznanA chevaTanA nizcaya karyo eka mulAkAta goThavavAmAM AvI. paraMtu e mulAkAtanI mAtra 20 miniTa pahelAM IzvarabhAInA jnmanadIpa bujhAI gayeo. be divasa agAdhu temane kAlerA thaI gayA hatA. thayAne asAsa temane ne temanA sAthIone rahI gayA. pAraDInA prazna purA na For Private and Personal Use Only

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pArI kheDaus ma cothA ane a Mtima tabakko ane pAraDIpraznanA uddelaH-izvarabhAInA mRtyu pachI temanAM dhama patnI kumumbena desAInI pAraDI kisAna paMcAyatanA pramukhapade varaNI thai. zrI uttamabhAI, goviMdasAi, DaoN. amUla desAI, hakUmata desAI vagere emanA sAthIoe kheDasatyAgrahanu kA AgaLa dhapAvyuM. aMte gujarAtanI navI racAyelI sarakAranA mahesUlapradhAna zrI premajIbhAi Thakkara sAthe jamInadArAnA pratinidhi ane pAraDI kisAnapa`cAyatanA pratiniSioe avirata 14 kalAkanI maMtraNA karI. tA. 5-7-'67 nA divase sarakAra ane jamInadArA vacce rAjyanA sacivAlayamAM karAra thayA jene sArAMza A pramANe che. ( 1 ) jamInamAlikrA 14000 ekara jamIna bhUmihIna AdivAsIene vaheMcavA mATe jala pADI Apaze. ( 2 ) A 14000 ekara paikI TAyamaryAdAnA kAyadA heThaLa 6000 ekara jamIna nIkaLaze. bAkInI 8000 ekara jamIna, jamInamAlikA pAsethI svaicchika rIte kuLo laI sarakAra lai zakaze. je 8000 ekara jamIna sarakAra haste seAMpAya tenI ki`mata mukhyamaMtrIzrI nakkI kare te jamInadArAne maMjUra raheze. ( 3 ) dhAsiyA jamInamAM khetI thAya te mATe prayatna karavAnI jamInadArAe khAtarI ApI. karAra mujaba maLelI jamInanI vaheMcaNI bhUmihIneAmAM karavA dareka tAlukA mATe sarakAre samitinI racanA karI. A samitimAM pAraDI tAlukAmAM zrI uttamabhAI paTelanI sajagatA ane parizramane kAraNe yogya vahecaNI thai zakI, bIjA tAlukAmAM saMtoSakAraka kAma thayuM nahi. zrImatI IndirA gAMdhInA haste bhUmihIneAne jamInavaDe caNI ( 1968 ) : pAraDI vibhAganA bhUmihIna AdivAsIone maLelI jamInanI vaheMcaNInuM kArya bhAratanAM te samayanAM vaDApradhAna zrImatI indirA gAMdhInA haste karavA temane AmaMtraNu ApavAmAM AvyuM, je temaNe svIkAryuM. pAraDImAM pAra nadIne kAMThe virATa. relImAM bhUmivaheMcaNInAM patrako pAtAnA varadahaste ApI zrImatI indirA gAMdhIe pAraDImAM thayelI bhUmikrAMtine biradAvI. khIjIvAra paNa cUMTaNI daramyAna zrImatI indirA gAMdhIe pAraDInI kisAnarelIne sakhAdhI hatI, satyAgraha pachI H--je dhAsiyA jamIna AdivAsIne maLI temAM anAja pAkI zake tema nathI ema kahevAtuM tyAM hAlamAM eka ekare 65 maNu jeTalI DAMgara AdivAsI kheDUta pakave che, karavaDa gAme tA. bhUmihInAne maLelI jamInamAM sahakArI khetIne paNu saphaLa prayoga thayA che. 23 jeTalAM raMjana ane AdivAsI kuTuMbane eka sthaLe jamIna ApavAmAM AvI ane jhUMpaDAM bAMdhI vasavATa karAvI khIA' sAdhanA ApavAmAM AvyAM. A prayogathI kendra sarakAra ane rAjya sarakAra khUba prabhAvita thaI. For Private and Personal Use Only

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gupata che. mAI upasaMhAra -pAraDIvistAranA bhUmihIna AdivAsI mATe A kheDasatyAgraha AzIrvAdasamAna puravAra thayuM ema kahI zakAya. keTalAye garIba kisAne khetI karatA thayA. temanI Arthika-sAmAjika sthitimAM sudhAro thaze. tA. 1lI sapTembara 1953 e temane mATe mahAna parva gaNAya che. prativarSa A tArIkhe hajAronI saMkhyAmAM pAraDI tAlukAnA kisAne nakkI karelA sthaLe bhegA maLI vizALa relInuM Ayojana kare che. che ke satyAgrahanA badhA uddeza saMpUrNapaNe saphaLa thayA nathI. tA. 5-7-67nA roja jamInadAra ane sarakAra vacce thayelA karAra pachI A satyAgrahane aMta Avyo ema kahevAya che. hakIkatamAM meTA jamInadAroe pitAnI dhAsiyA jamInamAM ghAsa ugADavAnuM cAlu rAkhyuM hatuM ane TocamaryAdAnA kAyadAmAM chUTachATa meLavI hatI. pariNAme kheDasatyAgrahanA netAoe I. sa. 1975 sudhI bahiSkAra ane ahiMsaka satyAgrahanA svarUpe pitAnI laData cAlu rAkhI hatI. A laDatane baLa ApanAra tA. 1lI sapTembara, 1953ne divasa temane mATe preraSTrAipa bane che. tethI ja gata varSa' (1985nI) pahelI sapTembaranI relI je selavAsa (dAdarA nagara havelI) khAte yojAI hatI tene ahevAla dilhIthI pragaTa thatA dainika samAcAra patra PATRIOT "ma tA. 19-9-85nI AvRttimAM pragaTa thaye hato. te anusAra pAraDI kheDa satyAgrahane vaDApradhAna rAjIva gAMdhI ane rASTrapati jJAnI jhelasiMhe bhAratanI kisAna caLavaLanA aitihAsika banAva tarIke gaNAvela che. Patriot vadhumAM lakhe che. "The khed Satyagraha was unique in many ways. Not a single police bullet was fired. Not a tear-gas shell was lobbed. Not a Lathicharge was made. The protest and demands were made at the highest order of Ahinsa following the true ideals of Satyagraha, There was never any need for provocation or violenco. RNasvIkAra - A lekha taiyAra karavA mATe pAraDI kheDa satyAgrahanA praNetA ane mukhya netA zrI uttamabhAI paTela (saMsadasabhya) tathA mAjI dhArAsabhya zrI ramaNabhAI paTela sAthe satyAgrahanAM aneka pAsAonI barU carcA karavAmAM AvI tathA be satyAgrahanA keTalAka hayAta AdivAsI kisAna bhAI-bahenanI mulAkAta yojavAmAM AvI. te sarvene AbhAra : saMdabha -(1) desAI hakumata jhINAbhAI " aNanama yoddho " - 1976, prakAzaka: sva. IzvaralAla choTubhAI desAI smArA samiti, sUrata. (2) desAI IzvaralAla TabhAI " dezane bhUmimagna ane pAraDI" surata-1960 (3) mumakina-mAsika aka 7-8, 1974 (4) cetanA-pAkSika, taMtrI zrI I che. desAI ake 1954 thI 1960. For Private and Personal Use Only

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zrImad upendrAcArya racita "zrI krRSNa--kuntIsaMvAda"" saracanAnI daSTie ' "" zrImad upendrAcArye aracita kRSNakAnta kaDakriyA ApaNe je " zrI kRSNa-kuntIsaMvAda " e kRtinA vivecananI TATAlITI siddha karavA mAgatA hAie to nAma-savAthI mAMDIne saMskRti sudhInA vyApAramAM sacanAzeAdha, je mAdArI Ape che te, noMdhapAtra rIte upayogI thaze. eTaluM ja niha paNa bhASA-vijJAnanI kaI vadhArAnI zista A kRtine AtmasAt karavA anivArya banI che te pazu samajAze. padyane sIdhuM tema ADakataru' dAkhala karIne saMyuta, custa ane khAsa tA niyamita DhAya evI saMracanAnA lAbha A saMvAdanATyane maLyA che ane enAM rUDha upakaraNI yuktie laya tema laya-savAdanI niyata bhAtAe atha sa`bhavamAM nirNAyaka bhAga bhajavyeA che. yAkobsanA poeTika phrenkazananA khyAlane dhyAna para laI kAvyomAM pasaMdagIdharInA prakSepa kuvA che te juo. kavi kahe che ke " gRhonAM, nayanarasa jevuM amRtanA " saMbhavita zabdomAMthI 93 * ,, amRta zabda pasadagI pAmyA. ane nayanarasa sAthe asAdhAraNa rIte sayAye. pasaMdagIne A prakSepa jema emanI kavitAne sattvazIla banAve che tevI ja rIte gadyamAM " mArA netrarmANa' jevAM vidhAnA tapAse. spaSTa samajAze ke kAvyabhASAnI pelI samaja sAhityika bhASAnI samajamAM paNa e ja rIte vikasI che. saMvAdamAM padyamaya gadyanA upayAga krAvyAtmaka rasAne anubhava karAve che. padya pAta pazu rasaniSpattinI kriyAmAM madada karavA Ave che. nATakamAM suMdara tema preraNAzIla kAvyamaya gadyanA upayAga enA kAvyAtmaka rasAne anubhava karAvavA ApaNe karIe chIe tevI ja rIte padyakAvya athavA sa'gIta sIdhuM paNa rasaniSpattinI kriyAmAM upakAraka thAya ja che. viziSTa sAmAjika baLoe je yugamAM gujarAtI nATakamAMthI saMgItane tilAMjalI ApI e yugamAM upendrAcAryajInA savAde tema nATakAmAM kAvyanuM sat svarUpa prakAzI UThayuM hatuM. sAmAjika baLAnA evA aMkuza nIce paNa nATayakSetre kAvyanuM svarUpa sthApavuM e dhaNI mATI siddhi gaNAya. zrI kRSNa-kuntA savAdanAM kAvye paNa eja vAtanAM ghotaka che. sthAyAya', pu. 28, a 1-2, dIpeAtsathI-vasa'tapaMcamI aMka, AkaTobara 1990phebruArI 1991, pR. 96-104, " rasa na, dvitIca guccha, gadya pR. 15-59, 5. A., 1986 mA koca;sAyakra adhikArI vaga', vaDAdarA, ema 82/785, sarasnatInagara, AjhAda seAsAyaTI pAse, amadAvA-15, phona naM. 466590, For Private and Personal Use Only

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kAnta kaDakiyA Aje jyAre evAM sAmAjika baLAne aMkuza tUTe che tyAre navA sAmAjika saMjogonA bhAvonuM vAhana banavA e kAvyabhASA keTalI upakAraka gaNAya ? A saMvAdamAM emaNe darabArI kAnaDe, zikhariNI ane kIrtanane hya kuzaLatAthI upayogamAM lIdhA che. Umie, bhAvo ane rasenuM zeTha vAhana mAtra kAvyAtmaka chUTachATa sAthe bolAtuM gadya ja mAtra che ema nahi, paNa chaMdabaddha pAThayarU5, karakasaratAvALuM, cIvaTavALuM: padya paNa eka moSTha vAhana che ja, emaNe prayojelA chaMda vagere ApaNuM bhAvi vAhana thaze ke kema e prazna ja che paNa eTaluM te cokkasa che ke nATakamAM je dhArmika AtmA saMkrAMta tharyo che temAMthI keja emaNe pitAne chaMda zodhI lIdho che. padya-gadyanuM, are gadyanuM paNa zuddha uccAraNa karavA mATe prAraMbhamAM ja kRSNanI svagatoktimAM emaNe pada uparAMta gadyamAM TALyuM TALyuM TALyuM vagere dvArA judI judI svara-vyaMjanAonI saMkalanA goThavI che. kayAreka "sarva kaMI thaI gayuM " "thanAra saheje thaI gayuM", thanAra saheje thaI gayuM" jevI punaruktio vagere dvArA emAM cArutA saI che. kharAba Te kharAba zikSaNa vagere kAraNe sAmAnya jIvanamAM bhASA belavAnI je kaDhaMgI ane asarakAraka na haya tevI paddhati je ApaNe joIe chIe temAMthI bahAra nIkaLavAne A prayatna lekhI zakAya eTaluM ja nahi paNa nATakamAM pATha kevaLa zrAvya vastu ja nathI paNa bhAvane dRzyAtmaka citramaya rIte raju karI zakAya te rIte lakhAvA joIe tene paNa e prayatna upakAraka raho gAya. kRSNa, pravezatAM ja, darabArI kAnaDAmAM gAvA mAMDe che ne pachI svagatokita kare che. bhale e svagatokti lAMbI che chatAM emAM judA judA raNakAro pedA karavAnI zakyatA che. vAka Traka TUMkAM che tathA saMvAdita ane tAlabaddha rIte kahevAyAM che tethI zabdo paDI jatA nathI ke uracAraNa vagara chaTakI jatA nathI. ardhavirAma vagere dvArA lekhake je eka karI ApyA che te naTane vAkayomAM yogya virAma levAnI zakti pUrI pADe che tathA naTa phephasAMmAM zvAsa bharI devAnI zakti meLave che. bIjI eka vAta agatyanI che ane te e ke cAlatAM cAlatAM cAra pAMca pagalAM cAlatAM vAkya pUruM thaI jAya che vaLI keTaluMka UbhA rahIne paNa bolI kADhe e kriyA digdarzaka vyavasthita rIte goThavI Ape eTale svagatinuM badhuM laMbANa emAM ogaLI javAnuM. ghaNA yuniTo naTane lAMbu calAvIne paNa digdarzaka vyavasthita rIte ane jhaDapathI pUrA karI zakavAne, khAsa karIne lAMbI svagatoktiomAM digadarzakane kaI rIte anukULa thavuM teno abhyAsa A prakAranI svagatoktie pUrA pADe che, te daSTie paNa tenuM ucuM mUlya aMkAvuM joIe. yAkobsana pramANe A saMvAda-vAcAnA ghaTako Ama goThavI zakAya. saMvAda-kRti :-eka saMracanA, saMracanAbaddha ukti saMdarbha (context) (sAruM zuM boTa: za vagere) saMdeza ( Message ) (mahAbhAratane, saMskRtine) pAtro (vakta) ( kaNa- kuntI jevAM) motA ("sva", anyapAtro tema prekSako) saMparka (Contact) (vaktA vagerethI) saMketa (Code) (vANuM lekhana vageremAM) artha: samagra kriyAmAM. For Private and Personal Use Only

Page #99
"zrI kRSa- tIsaMvAda" rAjayanAnI dRSTie N saMvAdamAMnI saMmadhaTanA je saMdezanI banelI che te kaccha-kuntI jevAM pAtrothI thAya che ne emanI vANI vagerene virAma " sva" anya pAtra tema prekSake che. babhita vyAkaraNune AdhAre racAyelI A saMvAda-kati pite te eka saMracanAbata ukti mAtra che paNa e bhAvanane dore che ane bhAvananA astitvamAM ja enI ghaTanAone katimAM kazuM astitva che. saMracanAvAdIo bhAvakane kendramAM lAve che. te darata ane bAthe te e vAtane khUba vistArI paNa che. thiyeTaranI saMkata paribhASAmAM, vANIlekhana tema tenA vidhAyako, nyAtmaka saMjaka tathA AhArya vagere anya mAdhyamo vageremAM te mUrta thAya che. sAruM zuM khoTuM zuM ? dharma zuM? adharma zuM ? vagere saMdarbhane enA vaDe nirdeza maLe che, ane artha samama kriyAne pariNAme maLe che. saMvAda-tattvanuM saMpaTanasutra vastugUMphanamAM pAtro je bhAga bhajave che, tenI tapAsamAMthI jaDe che, ane emAM rahelI saMracanA samagra saMvAdarUpane dhAraNa karatuM noMdhapAtra tattva che. e pArakhI zakAya tevI ane punarAvartanazIla che. pAtronAM kAryonA yiAkSetranI daSTie duryodhanane khalanAyakanA yiAkSetramAM juo te kRSNa dAtA, madadakartA, nAyaka vagere rUpe dekhAya che. yuniTa vagerenI je vAta karI temAM punarAvartana jevAM devanisAmenI je vAta karI tene tathA yathAsthAne laya tema layasaMvAdanI je vAta karI che tene letmananI dRSTie tapAse. spesaavakAzamAM sAhityane bodha thavo ema je te kahe che tene kAraNe sAmAnya bhASA karatAM upendrA- : cAryanI bhASA kaI rIte judI paDe che te samajAze. emanuM gadya-padya mAtra mAhitI ja jhaDapathI pahoMcADe che ema nahi paNa prekSakonI sayitAne paNa e uzkarI mUke che. prekSako pAsethI je kaMI te mAge che. te bhAvanavyApAramAM navA ja artha saMbhAranuM Akalana thatuM ApaNe joI zakIe chIe. letmana pramANe emanI kRtinI e deNa che ema kahI zakAya. e arthamAM e bhAvana-vyApAra sAhityane sArvatrika saMracanA vyApAra che. ' sTrakacara "mAM lemane kalApaka saMtavijJAnanuM je nirUpaNa karyuM che, temAM e te kalAne eka bhASA tarIke ja Alekhe che. e arthamAM A saMvAdakatAmAM bIjAM saMmothI judI ja rIte evuM saMkramanuM pAyAnuM kArya je thAya che, je paNa kalAne kAraNe thAya che, je pote ja eka bhASA che. emanA saMvAdasvarUpe aneka jagyAe nATakanAM to apanAvyAM che. zrIkRSNanA pravezathI mAMDI saMkoca, vAtanuM palaTavuM, AzIrvAdamudrA karI rahevuM vagere e saMdarbhe sUcita karI zakAya. tethI A saMvAda paNa emanA-nATya-saMvAdenuM svarUpa dhAratA saMvAdanI haroLamAM bese che. zAMta rasa emAM mukhya rasa che. saMgIta jevA vibhAgo paNa ene Toca para pahoMcADavAnI kriyAnA uddIpako che. have ApaNe e joIe ke e badhA vaDe saMskRtine vyApAra kaI rIte thayo che. mULa mahAbhAratamAM kRSNane hetu samagra kacchamAMthI bahAra nIkaLI zAMtinI sthApanA karavI te tarapha svo che. e ja hetu. satya taraphanI gati A nATakanI paNa che. prAraMbhe ja ka dharmathI viparita evI karuNa gatine kaI rIte DAmI. te varNave che ane temAMthI bahAra nIkaLI zAMta rasa tarapha gati kare che. Ama hetulakSI nATakaH havA. nAM hetu sIdhA prayAsarUpe esTe ke For Private and Personal Use Only

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kAnta kaDakiyA nATyadharmathI viparita gatie nathI. je ema thayuM hatuM te saMskArajIvananA mULamAM saDo peThA heta. naTanA abhinayanI zakti kSINa banI hatI ane A dRzyanATakanuM sthAna mevadA cenacALAe lIdhuM heta. nIcenA AtmarUpa saMbaMdhathI nATakane temaNe vikasAvyuM che. 1 emane mATe te avasthAnukRti che, 2 rasa e A nATyasarjanane AtmA che. 3 kRSNane mATe mAtRvatsala kuntI bAla vibhAva che tevI ja rIte kuntI mATe kRSNa paNa bAya vibhAva che, jene vAstavika anubhava nATakanA pAyAmAM che. 4 baMne pAtronA aMtaH karaNanA bhAva paNa satyatAnI ja pratIti karAve che. 5 je abhiyana janme che tenuM darzana lokadharmI che ane tamAma satyathI avaLI evI gatie kaccha tema kustInI uktio tathA abhinayamAM caLAI jAya che, temAM ja te A nATakanI saphaLatA rahelI che, jema ke mamatta thaI gayela duryodhana gayo, dropadInI paNa si ithaI vagere evI rIte kahevAyuM che ke mazkarI uDAvavAnA, ayArabaSTatAne mAge thavAnI zakyatAo ja rahetI nathI. A AkhAya nATakamAM evA prayogo lekhake ogALI dIdhA che ane kevaLa pilA satyane lekhake AtmarUpa ApavAnI ja mathAmaNa karI che. e gati nATyarasathI viparita na hovAne kAraNe lekhakane saphaLatA apAve che. nATaka pite ja eka dharmapravRtti che, utsava che. jIvanazuddhine abhivyakta karavAnuM mAdhyama che ane jIvanane eka AnaMdajanaka vyApAra che e hetuo siddha karavA upendrAcAryajI je vividha svarUpone Azraye gayA temAM kavitA uparAMta rasika ektio ane saMvAda jevAM svarUpa paNa mAyamIpe rahyAM. upayukta traNe sAhityatane nATakamAM athavA nATaka thavAmAM sIdhe saMbaMdha rahyo che, tethI svAbhAvika rIte ja teo raMgabhUmi tarapha vaLyA. bhale te hetulakSI rahI paNa eTalA kAraNasara ja je te upekSita rahI hoya te te ghaNI moTI bhUla che. pracAradaSTi meTuM bhayasthAna hovA chatAM kalAnI sImAmAM rahIne ja je e kArya pratipakSI thaIne karyuM hoya te paNa kalAne upakAraka rahe che. dharmavivaraNa ke dharmane nitya vyavahAramAM utAravAnI agatyatA athavA dhama ane jIvanane samavaya AvuM koI paNa kArya upendrAcAryanA saMvAdamAM thayuM che. tyAre pAtro ane paTanAone AMca na Ave evI kuzaLatA emaNe kevI rIte sevI che, te ApaNe emanI kRti " zrI kR-kuntI saMvAda"nA pRthyakara dvArA joI zakIe chIe, 'Apane joI zakIe chIe ke prekSanA manamAM pracAra ApoA5 kai rIte sarI paDe che. . jo ke kalA sAthe AnaMda sivAyane hA joDAya che tyAre e ghaNIvAra mela thaI jAya che. ane rasakSati kare che paNa evuM na thatuM hoya tyAre paNuM ame te salA khAtara kalAvAdIo chIe ema kahIne moM pheravI levuM te barAbara nathI... For Private and Personal Use Only

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"zrI kRSNa-kuztIsa'vAda" sazyanAnI daSTie ha ApaNI rAsalIlAo ke maNipurI na na vagere sahetuka rahyAM heAvA chatAM kalAsUjha dAkhave ja che e dRSTie ja upendrAcAyanI pravRtti mUlavavI rahI ane abhinayanirmANulekhanamAM je kalAsUjha dAkhavavAmAM AvI sAyatA ( eTale ke saMvAda je rIte uccArAyA hoya emAM kathA vagere je rIte kahevAyAM hoya, tema je rIte pAtronI sthiti hoya te badhAMmAM jenAra prekSAne savAda-lekhathI kaIka vizeSa joI zakavAnI zakyatA rahI hoya teA ) tyAM thiyeTara thatuM hoi raMgabhUminA ItihAsamAMthI ene kAMkarA kADhI nAkhI zakAya ja nahi. ta. maNipurI na maNipurIonA samAjanuM lAkSaNika aMga DhAvA chatAM emane mATe e caitanya-prerita rAdhA-kRSNanI bhaktinuM sAdhana che chatAM ucca rASTriya kalAnuM e ghotaka che. aneka aTapaTA tAle, vaividhyabharI rAga-rAgiNI, vividha bhAve prakAzita karI rasa utpanna karI zakavAnI zakayatA vagere vividhatAbharI lAkSaNiktAthI e abhivyakta thAya che. te ja rIte upendrAcArya jInI pravRtti hetupradhAna heAvA chatAM vAkayeAmAM emaNe pADelA ekame, saMgItano praveza, rasaniSpattinI zakyatA, nATyadharma thI vitarita nahi evI gati vagere je A lekhamAM carcAyuM che te badhI lAkSaNuiktAovALI e che. je pelA savAdalekhane kazIka vizeSatA ape che ane te thiyeTara thavAmAM upakAraka evI pravRtti bane che. e kalAsUjha kramazaH umerAtI gaI DhAya to pazu dhaDAtA itihAsane e pravRtti anupakAraka tA nathI ja. . mAtra vAcana mATenA savAdamAMthI bahAra nIkaLI thiyeTara thavA sudhI e vikasI che. e vAta itihAsalekhake teAMdhavI ja paDe. eka AgavA saMketatantranI dRSTie e zuM viziSTa astitva dharAve che, te samajAze. anya sAmAjika-sAMskRtika tantronI jema e sadaitatantra ItihAsa-nirapekSa na hovA chatAM eTaluM tA tAMdhavuM paDaze ke e vaDe te ThIka ThIka Aba che ane sAmAjika-sAMskRtika paribaLAnI nIpaja che. mAtra kavitA ja nahi. emanuM gadya paNa ghaNI saMkula mAhitI vyakta kare che ane e kAya enI samagra saracanAne AbhArI che. kheAdhatI je saMkulatA emAM che tene kAraNe padya-gadya tattva, khAsa prakAranA artha-paraka bhAranuM vahana karatAM hoya evuM spaSTa dekhAya che. " svAda '" e ekamamAMnuM cintana bhale kRSNa tema kuntI e be pAtronuM cittaparaka hoya paNa te eka sa'nA che ane kazA paNa sUcana ke medhanA prArabha kare che. jo ke nATakamAM te kazuM ja nahi sUcavanArA arthahIna dhvanie paNa prayAAya che. khuda bharate paNa thaSTa eTale ke A hIna AkAro jemAM Ave tevI dhruvA zRSTAvakRSTA paNa prayAjavAnuM kahyuM che. zuSTa eTale arthahIna akSarAthI banelI avakRSTA nAmanI dhruvA te ja sRSTAvakRSTA ane te jajaranA loko dekhADanAra che. ema bharate adhyAya pAMcamAM pUra'gaprayAgamAM utthApanavidhinI kriyAonA vaSNu tamAM zlAka 25mAM kahyuM che. dhruvA degata nRtto vaDe pragaTa karI zakAya che. vividha chaMdI vaDe banAvelAM ane kAvyapaNAne pAmyAM che evAM kuvAonAM mukha ane pratimukha vagere che. sukha ane pratimukha avasRSTA e kuvAnAM `ge che. nATakanI vastunA cAlatA prayoga ke je rasa ane bhAvane Azraye karI rahelA che tene tema ja deza kAla ane avasthAne jANIne prayAjakoe dhruvA karavI ema svA. 13 For Private and Personal Use Only

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kahyuM che. avakRSTa duvA karuNarasayukta che. jajora lekanI zreSTA avakRSTa dhruvA gavAI gayA pachI taMtra tema vAdyo tarapha DagalAM bharI dIdhA pachI vidUSake sutradhArane hasavuM Ave evI lagabhaga asaMbaddha jevI takAlika carcAkathA karavAno paNa bharate Adeza Apyo che. e ja adhyAyamAM cheka 134mAM e Adeza che. emAM mithyAvAda, aTapaTI tio vagere paNa viSake vacce vacce bolI jene virU 5 karela che ane sutradhAre jenuM samarthana karyuM che te paripAzvakanI vAto trigatamAM prayojAya che, ema kahyuM che. paNa upendrAcArya evA svaniothI bacyA che, athavA evA dhvanionI emane A nATakamAM jarUra paDI nathI. eTale ke amuka eka nizcita tatramAM e haMmezA arthapUrNa rahyA che. AkhuM nATaka arthapUrNa saMjJAonuM baneluM che. eTale ApaNe vividha saMjJAtanta tema temanI vaccenA sabaMdhenI eka saMkula jaLano anubhava karIe chIe. kRSNa ke kuntI dvArA bolAyelI koIpaNa ukti ke uktisamUha saMvAdanA mAdhyamathI ekabIjA sAthe joDAya che ane viziSTa arthadhaTana pAme che. artho tema arthe nabhA karanArI evI patharAyelI jALane ApaNane ahIM anubhava thAya che. e ApaNe A nATaka samajavA je saMtavijJAnane AdhAra levA mAgIe chIe tenI sAmagrI che. e sAmagrI samajavA prayatna karIe paNa te pahelAM e khyAla rAkhavo jarUrI che ke upara je saMtavijJAnanI vAta kare te A nATakamAMthI pIasa patine anusare che. kema ke mULabhUtapaNe kRSNa tathA kuntI dvArA thayelA tane e bheTe che. e sAmagrI tathA upayukta jALamAM je vizva patharAyuM che tenA aneka padArthonA saMparkamAM ApaNe AvIe chIe, emAMthI jaya pAmavuM, parAjaya tha, mitrakRtya, zatrukRtya, mAtRtva vagerene ApaNe paricaya karIe chIe. te ja pramANe zarIranI bAhaya tema AMtarika paristhitio, pravezavuM, namavuM, smita karavuM vagerene paNuM paricaya ApaNane thAya che. saMvedane tArA prApta thatA e jJAnane saMgaThita svarUpamAM ApaNe je anubhava karIe chIe, eTale ke pUrNa nATakane paricaya karIe chIe tyAre, nATaka enA jIvanamAM kaI rIte kAbu rahyuM che te samajAya che. saMracanAnI daSTie zrIkRSNa-kuntIsaMvAdane pAmavAnI prakriyA Perception-pratyakSIkaraNamAMthI ApaNe pasAra thavuM rahyuM. eTale ke nATakane pAmavA mATe Patterns-mAM arthapUrNa tarAhomAM sanene anubhava ApaNe kaI rIte karIe chIe te samajavuM rahyuM. - je sAmagrInI vAta karI temAM naTa tema anya vidhA tathA tenI sAthenAM kalAnAM mAdhyama paNa Avaze. kendramAM saMracanA kaI rIte che te samajavAthI vAta samajAze. e te paNa che ke artha hamezAM prekSakone eTale ke dhaTanAkArane maLe che paNa tene madAra te saMracanA para bAMdhavAne che. prekSakenI pratibhA, sthAyI bhAvo vagerenuM saMracane Avazyaka niyaMtraNa karaze te bIjI tarapha arthanuM ghaTana karanAra naTa tema anya vidhAyaka tathA mAdhyame vagara e saMracanA thavAnI nathI. kema ke nATakane artha bhale naTa tema prekSake vaDe ja astitvamAM Ave che. chatAM e pitAnA dhakatAnI sabazvAmikAne paNa AbhArI che. Ama ahIM bhASAkRti tenA vidhAyake vagere ane arthadhaTanakAra prekSaka vacce je sAyujya racAya che, te kRtithI saMskRti sadhIne eka vaijJAnika setu che ane ApaNe A vivecanamAM tenuM ja pathakaraNa karI rahyA chIe, For Private and Personal Use Only

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" - na " nA dara prathama naTa lo. kRSaNanI eNkAtimAM uracAraNanuM je vaividhya lekhake goThavI ApyuM che te saMbhASaNa naTanI AMkha upara je gherAya che te ghaNuM agatyanuM che. " sarva", "parAjaya', "jaya" jevA zabda e saMdarbhe je rIte siddha thayA che te tapAse. ardhavirAma, AzcaryavirAma, prazno vagere tema pAMDa ane konuM sarakhApaNuM ke virodhAbhAsa vagere to paNa temAM upakAraka thAya che. "kaurane parAjaya karAvyuM " e vAkyane mAne ke digdarzake nIcA svaramAM goThavyuM te tenAthI virodhI vAkaya "pAMDavone jaya karAvyo ane tarata ja UMcA svaramAM goThavavAnI digdarzakane taka rahe che. evI ja rIte " draupadInI siddhi karAvI" karNa sAthe zatrukRtya karyuM, arjuna sAthe mitratya karAvyuM vageremAM pragaTatuM jIvana tapAse, umA, gati, kriyA vagere to tapAse, je emAM raMga pUravA digdarzakane mATe jarUrI che te lekhake pacAvI ApyA che. prathama pariccheda le. mRtyu che, mazAna vagere je che, tyAM avAja nIce paDate jAya che. parIkSitane jivADavA, arjuna sAthe mitrakRtya karyuM vageremAM zakitanAM pUra caDhe che ane avAja khIlI UThe che. A rIte AkhuM nATya, yiAo, saMracanAnI daSTie tapAsatAM emAM ekAukitane goThavavAmAM lekhakanI saphaLatA spaSTa varatAze. | mukha ane enA upAMgonI jema hAtha paNa zrIkRSNane rola karatA naTa mATe kevuM agatyanuM aMga bane che te juo. sUcita je pariccheda ApaNe lIdhe che temAM " sarva kaMI thaI gayuM " "korane parAjaya karAvyo, pAMDavone jaya karAvyo" eTalA eka vAkyamAM ja hAthanAM upAMgo keTalI badhI asaro paramANe che ane pragaTa kare che ? " koravone parAjaya karA ''mAM hAtha zaktinA pratIka tarIke vaparAze ane pAMDavone jaya karAvyo ema naTa bole te pahelAM ja e vAta hAtha dvArA naTa prekSakAne pahoMcADI zakavAne. parAjaya vakhate hAtha vadhAre kaThaNa ane jaya vakhate mulAyama haze. e bhAvo badalAya tyAre AMkha ane tarata ja hAthamAM kevA vAMcI zakAya che ? hAthanI saMvedanazIlatA vagerene nATyanA vidyAthIne abhyAsa karAvavA mATe A ane AvA prakAranI ektio keTalI badhI upakAraka rahe te samajI zakAya che. e daSTie paNa enuM mUlya aMkAvuM rahyuM. tevI rIte uparokta vAkaya uccAratA naTe mulAyamatA, aMkuza, saMyama, AdhAta, pratyAdhAta, dizA-rekhA vagere mATe potAnA pagane kaI rIte vAparyA haze te vicAro ane te ja rIte e vakhatanAM enAM zarIra, gati-kriyA, vagere vize vicAre eTale upendrAcAryajInI A ane AvA prakAranI ekaeNkitaone A nATakamAM tema emanAM nATakomAM eTale ke nATakanA jIvanamAM zabhA rahevAnI zakyatA keTalI badhI che te samajAze. arthAt naTanI AMtarapravRttinI sAthe bAtharaMgI kasaba vikasAvavA paNa e upakAraka rahevAnI ane Ameya AMtarika sarjanAtmaka prakRttine vahetI karavA bahiragI kasaba paNa na keLavavo ja paDe che. kema ke te ja abhinaya sAkAra, suMdara ane manoraMjaka bane dA. ta. sUcita paricchedamAM naTa "pAMDavone jaya karAvyo " ema bole che tyAre ene jamIna sAthe paganA paMjAnI barAbara pakaDa laIne cAlavuM paDaze." te ja mulAyamatA Avaze. eTale ke enI sarala sahaja capaLa gatimAMthI e pedA thaze. e aMkuza zarIrane kalAtmaka sthiti bakSaze. bhArate paNa nATyazAstramAM paganI yiAmAM " cArI' karmane ghaNI agatyatA ApI che. "korone parAjaya karAvyuM e vidhAna ucAratI vakhate paganI gati paNa sacoTa For Private and Personal Use Only

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dhyAne kamAM zakitamAna dekhAvI joIe, te ja joItuM sAmarthya pedA thaze. jevI cAla bhAvavAhI haze tevA AghAta-pratyAghAta maLaze. 5tiomAM je bhAva ane vicAra ane tenI dizArekhA tevI paganI 5Na dizA-rekhA naTane zIkhavA maLatI hoya che. e daSTie AvA prakAranI ektio keTalI badhI upakAraka rahe te samajI zakAya che. bharatamunie vAcika abhinayane saMbaMdha veracaMjana sAthe meLavyo che. ene pAye te zabda. nAthyane e deha che. nAyane dazya banAvavA mANasanuM gaLuM je kriyAo kare che emAM eka vArtAlApa paNa che. sAhitya te A vArtAlApa paNa che. zabdone pATha je vAcika abhinayathI naTa kare che te kriyApada, dhAta, samAsa, vagere sAthe saMbaMdha dharAve che. tethI tenA para bharate dhaze bhAra mukaye che. enA abhinaya mATe yatna karavo ja rahyo. vinA yane te siddha na thAya ema bharata spaSTa mAne che. bhAratanI daSTie te tenuM mukhya vAhana vAcA che ke anya so enA arthane vyakta kare che e ja saMdarbhe A kRtinA vArtAlApane tapAsa rahyo. ' gIe Agraha sevyo hato ke zuddha bhASA tArA nATakanI rajuAta karavI joIe. ahIM akasmAte zuddha gujarAtI bhASA dvArA A nATaka bhajavavAnI zakayatA rahe che. tethI tenAM kriyApada, dhAtu, samAsa vagerenuM UrvIkaraNa karavAne prazna ja UbhuM thatuM nathI. dAsI ekAda vAkya mAtra bole che tene e pAtrane anukuLa bhASA ApI zakAya te sivAya samagra saMvAda kRSNa ane kuntI vacce thAya che. e baMne pAtro uracaMkaTinAM hAI saMvAda zuddhabhASA zIkhavI zake ane zuddhabhASAne pracAranuM vAhana banI zake tevI zaktivALo rahyo che. tethI naTo belInA vaLAMkanI kheDa jeTalI dUra kare teTalA vadhu saphaLa A saMvAdamAM rahI zake. tatsama zabdonI ThIka ThIka asaravALe te hAI rase tathA bhAvonA uccAlana mATe naTane raNakAra ja khUba upakAraka thaI paDavAne. kayAMka vAkayane Akhe ekama paNa saMskRtamAM lakhAya che. "bheTuM ke caraNamAM leTuM ?' jevAM kutInAM vAko mAM svarabhaMjananI saMkalanAthI ke kRSNa dvArA, "mAtA! mAtA!" jevI punarutinI cAratAthI naTanI mananaprakriyAmAM arthane Avega, jusso, bhAnuM AMdolana ugADavuM vagere saMdarbhe lekhaka sahAyaka rahyA che. A prakAranuM lakhANuM naTA citrAtmaka dhvanipUNuM uccAraNa karI zake te mATe upakAraka rahyuM gaNAya. kRtinA sAhityatatva mATe saMracanAvAda yathAsthAne eka cetavaNI paNa uccAre che ane te, upara dAsIe vAparelI bhASAnI je vAta karI che te sAme che. saMracanAvAdI te ahIM prazno pUchavAne ke enI bhASA vyavahArabhASA che ? dAsI zuM evA vargamAMthI Ave che ke te mAnyabhASA... bele ? ke lekhake kazI viziSTa vyakti tarIke e bhASA-prayoga karyo che ? te AvA prazno, eTalA mATe pUche che ke tenA mate sAhityabhASA vyavahArabhASAthI jadI nathI. dAsInI vyavahArabhASA kRNa tema kutInI vyavahArabhASAnI samakakSa dekhAtI hoya tyAre saMracanAvAdIe uracArelI cetavaNImAM kazuMka vajuda che ema lAge. Ama chatAM uparokata cetavaNI bAda karatAM eTale te noMdhavuM paDaze ke upendrAcAryajI dvArA ahIM thayelo bhASAprayoga koI viziSTa vyakitarUpetha nathI eTaluM ja nahi paNa e bhASA vyavahArabhASAthI tAtvika rIte judI nathI evAM be pAyAnAM valaNe saMracanAvAdanAM ahIM dekhAya For Private and Personal Use Only

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praNa-topa saMjanAnI krie che. samAjajIvananuM ucuM ghaDatara karavAmAM adhyAmavidyA-bhakti, karma, jJAnanA vicAro darzAvatAM kIrtane lokapriya nATanA DhALamAM ke saMvAda-nATakanA mAdhyamamAM racAya te te sabaLa sAdhana che. e gaNatrIe thayelA A prayoga hoI e kazIka paristhiti che ane bhASAthI siddha thaI che ema svIkAravAmAM ke I muzkelI paDe tema nathI. A kRtine koI paNa aMza le. kAvya, kRSNa, dAsI, kutI kai paNa aMza. e ApaNI saMskRtine aMza che. eTale A kRti mAtra sAMskRtika AviSkAra che. pachI e dharmanetAnI che ke kavinI che e prazna rahetuM nathI. kRSNa ane kutInAM vidhAnAmAM je sAMketikatA che te ApaNane te samayanA sAmAjika stare tema sAMskRtika staramAM laI jAya che ane Aja sudhInA sAmAjika tema sAMskRtika vikAsa pAmatA staramAM e ja saMketenAM vividha rUpane bodha thAya che. pachI e jaya aMgenI vAta hoya ke parAjaya aMgenI. sadaitanAM A rUpAtaronI hAramALAthI ja ApaNane ApaNI saMskRti samajAya che. saMracanAvAda je mULe rU5vAdI darzananuM samarthana kare . che, te saMdarbhe A kRtine jotAM tenuM evuM mUlya samajAya che ke te saMskRti che ane tenA dvArA jIvanavizeSane bodha thAya che. emAM " sarva kaMI thaI gayuM' jevAM vAkyanI anivAryatA samajAya che ane bAkInAM vAkayo kema paDatAM mUkAyAM che tene uttara paNa pelI sAMskRtika vicArasaraNInA saMdarbhamAM ja jaDe che. bhale pachI enI bhASA, je vAkayane saMbhava niNita kare che te, rUDhithI vegaLA rahIne racAI. hAya. te paNa eTaluM te cokkasa che ke e saMbhavanI racanA thavAmAM jIvanaviSayaka paristhitie ja mahattvano bhAga bhajavyo che. have e joIe ke upayuMkata pRthakkaraNamAM anivAryapaNe ApaNe aneka jAtanA saMkatIkaraNamAM utaravuM ja paDe che. dA. ta. A kRtinA nATyasaMvAdamAM vArtAne je aMza che, te ghaNu sahelAIthI arthapUrNa che. kemake saMskRtinA tarkavyApAramAM bhAva sArA ane khATA vacce dharma ane adharma vaccene, darzana ane pradarzana varace, neha ane virAga vacce tema kRSNanAM vividha rUpe vagere vacce virodha saMta pAmI cUkyA che. e virodha saMketita ( koDiphAIDa) thaye hevAne kAraNe ja arthavistAramAM pAmI zakAya che. badhA khAvA mATe jyAM AvAM virodhasvarUpe che. tyAM arthane saMbhava che ja. eTale ApaNe katinuM je pRthakaraNa karIzuM temAM e tane saMracana-vyApAramAM paNa ApaNe utaravuM paDaze. jaya-parAjaya je virodha vandana svIkAravAno adhikAra ne kRSNane ke kutIne ? jevA taphAvata, darzana che tenuM adarzana kara jevI viSama paristhiti, sneha ane virAga jevA bede vagere nATakanA arthane astitvamAM lAvavAmAM sahAyaka rahyA che. ' praveza 1mAM kaThaNanI avagaktinA mAdhyamathI A kRti kevA opojhizansa " kankazanala " nI banelI che te samajAya che. levI-sTrAsane dvividha virodhane siddhAMta ene samajavA khUba upakAraka thaI paDe. AkhI kRtinA svarUpadhaDataramAM e tane agatyane phALe ravo che. ene For Private and Personal Use Only

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kathA kayA bodha ethI paNa vadhu balavattara mAtrAmAM praveza : 2nA aMtima bhAgamAM kutInI ukitao karAve che. lIlavA vistAranA e vire saMvAdane parAkrAkAe pahoMcADe che nIce keTalAMka agatyanAM opijhizananuM pRthakkaraNa mUkayuM che. "jenuM mane darzana che tenuM adarzana kara, ane jene mane adarzana che tenuM darzana karAva. je jANyuM che te bhulAva, je jalAyuM che te jaNAva jemAM sneha che, temAM virAga lAve, jemAM -------- virAga che temAM sneha lAva. mArA netramaNi daSTithI dUra thAya te bhale, paNa huM zuM karuM chuM ? ee he o mArAM hadaya kRSNa!. hadayathA dUra na thato.. darzanaH adarzana jANyuM bhulAva daSTithI dUra thAya te bhale hadayathI dUra na thatA vAga lAvyuM jaNAva (jJAna). ( bhAvanA) (bhautika) meTAphijhikasa paNa Antara! bAva, laukika! alaukika jevA virodhane svasthApanA mATe jarUrI gaNe che. virodhe bhedane kAraNe astitvamAM Ave che. paNa vAgarthasaMktinI kSaNe e zamI jAya che. vaicArika sthApanAe paNa evI che sAthe ja saMkaLAyelI hoya che. mATe vANInI A prakatinuM mahatva rahevAnuM ja. saura jevA saMracanAvAdIoe e mahimA gAya paNa che. jo ke daridA jevA te bhedane kendramAM mUkIne zabdo ane vicAra sAthe enuM sahavistaraNa che. ema kahe che. chatAM moTAbhAganI vicAradhArAomAMthI eTaluM te phalita thAya che ke bhASAvicArane pAye upasthiti che ane vAcAne emAM viziSTa sthAna maLavuM joIe. For Private and Personal Use Only

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"zrI kaNa-kuratIsAda " saphathanAnI daSTie sAhitya lekhana" banyuM ane eka prakAranI saMkula sabhAnatAne ApaNane anubhava kaI rIte thayuM te carcAmAM Avaze nahi paDIe paNa eTaluM te svIkAravuM ja paDaze ke pUrve je kaMI kahyuM che ke te matalabanuM kaMI paNa kahevAthI lekhananuM mahattva ke lekhana tathA vANInA saMbaMdhe sIdhu thaI jatA nathI. kema ke aMte te lekhana paNa vAcAne raju karavAnI eka paddhati che. khudA daridAe paNa lekhanane navesarathI mUkAyelI vANI tarIke oLakhAvyuM che. Ama upara kahyuM tema kharI rIte te epojhizanala ( virAdha-savarUpa) lekhI zakAya evI A kRtinI saMracanA che. A virodha svarUpane samajAvavA ApaNe bhale greImAsa, deva, phAulara, sUra, dariDAnA ke levI sTasa vageranA vicArone pagamAM laI paDyuM rahasyavAdIne prApya thatA tatvadaSTinA vyApaka svarUpane samajavA jema ApaNA RSioe AvAM svarUpane upayoga karyo ja che tema upendrAcAryajI paNa A kRtinI racanA athe evI zelIne Azraye jAya che. IzAvAsya upaniSada kahe che ke te hAle cAle che, te hAlatuM cAlatuM nathI' vagere (e mATe maganabhAI desAI, IzAvAsya upaniSada, prakA.: maganabhAI desAI sanmAna TrasTa, 1962, loka-5 vagere) zrI kaNa-kuntI saMvAdamAM prathama ja uSATananuM kAvya bhautika tema abhautika vijJAnanI vibhinnatAomAM sarva sAdhAraNa varacanA che ane virodhadharmitAe astitvamAM Ave che. u. ta. mAyApatinI nArI gatine teo balihArI tarIke biradAve che. te "katuM akata anyathA kad'' evA prayoga dvArA sAhityika bhASAnA svarUpaghaDataramAM pojhizansa 'phankazanala ne upayoga emanA kAvyamAM kaI rIte thayo che te spaSTa varatAya che, eTaluM ja nahi emAM ide laya vagere rUDha upakaraNe je che tene kAraNe virodhamUla kalAno anubhava thAya che. pachI kavitAnA virodhe gaDhane gama thayo. temAM je kalAtmaka nirUpaNa thayuM che te vAstaviktAthI virodha race che. prekSakonA kRtibAha virodhe lekhakane saMketothI virodha paDelA che ane ethI virodhaparaka vicAra vika, jeNe A kRtine bAMdhI che. dA. ta. yudhiSThiranA rasoDAmAM kRSNa eThAM patarALAM vALa-sarjakanA evA saMketonA virodha presakonA virodhe hoI zake je viredhaparaka vicAra vikasAve che ane e mATe lekhake e uparAMta virAme tema banIya taphAvata vagere siddha karI bhASAnuM astitva hAtha para laI tene vikasAvI ApI che. jema ke A nATaka jenAra prekSako kAMI sAva svataMtra-mUkta nathI. emanA para hiMdu dharmanuM svAmitva che. kRSNa eka bhagavAna che evA baMdhana nIce teo A nATaka jue che eTale ke e vibhAvanA emanA mastaka para caDhI beThI che. vaLI "sarva kAMI thaI gayuM" ema kahI kA je kaMI varNave che tenA nepathyamAM baddha teo 04 pherave che badhuM emane kAraNe, eTale ke bhagavAnane kAraNe ja palaTAyuM che evuM svagatoktimAM prAraMbhathI ja varatAyA kare che. kRSNa mATe bhagavAna tarIkenA saja ke mukelA A saMketa che. bIjA parirakedamAM paNa evA saMketa cAlu rahyA che. jema ke, yudhiSThiranA sabhAmaMDapamAM rAjaarthe svIkAranAra ane ene zata dharmanIti zIkhavanAra, arjunane kaTila rAjanIti upadezanAra, evA bhagavAna ke, te pote jyAre e patarALAM vALyAM ema kahe che tyAre ane bhagavAna tarIkenA je je For Private and Personal Use Only

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14 zukana.kaDakiyA saMke kRSNa mATe mUkayo che tenA virodhe prekSakonA virodhe haiI zake che ne evA virodha preraka vicAranA vikAsane mATe sarjake kRpAnA vyaktitvanA mAnava tema ja devatvanA guNo ekasAthe eka vAkayamAM ja mUkI ApyA che. paNa ardhavirAma ke alpavirAma vagere uparokta taphAvatane siddha karI ApavA mATe upayogamAM lIdhA che ne ema karI bhASAnuM astitva hAtha para laI tene vikasAvI ApI che. rU5, laya, azvAsa ane vyaMjanA jevAM viziSTa tatvo dvArA sAmAnya vANu para saja ke sugaThita AkramaNa karI tathA pa tema gadha dvArA sAhityiktA apa e dvArA emaNe A sAhitya-kRti saI che. For Private and Personal Use Only

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nivApAMjali pra. ke. TI. ema. hegaDene nivApAMjali 1992nA sapTembaranI 14mI tArIkhe 62 varSe TUMkI mAMdagI pachI thayela pro. karuNAkarana kiMgale maMjaya hegaDenA avasAnanA samAcArathI purAvastuvijJAna ane bhAratIya itihAsa ane saMskatikSetre samagra deza tema ja videzanA viThAne e jabarajasta AghAta ane ghaDA dukhanI lAgaNI anubhavI che. temane janma 1930nA 18mI julASTanA roja karNATakanA dakSiNa kAnarA jillAmAM Avela thiMgale gAmamAM thayo hato. vijJAnazAkhAmAM (B.Sc. ) padavI prApta karyA pachI pro. hegaDee pitAnI kArakirdInI zarUAta vizvavikhyAta ajaMtAnI guphAonAM bhitti-citronI sAcavaNI mATe kemIkala AsIsTanTa tarIke ArkiyolojIkala sarve opha InDIyAnA nejA heThaLa karI hatI. A pachI tarata ja 1960mAM pro. bI. subbArAve temanI nimaNuka DipArTamenTa oNpha Arkiyoleja, ema. esa. yunivarsiTI, vaDodarA khAte kemesTrInA vyAkhyAtA tarIke karI. ahIM temaNe ukhanana daramiyAna maLela purAvastuone kemIkala tathA phIjhikala pRththakkaraNanI vividha paddhatio dvArA sAcavaNI mATe leboreTarInI sthApanA karI ane teo nivRtta thayA tyAM sudhI A leboreTarIne pazcimI Dhabe AdhunikIkaraNa karyuM. A leboreTarImAM prAcIna dhAtuvijJAna (Metallurgy) tathA rAsAyaNika temaja phijhIkala pRththakaraNa paddhatio dvArA prAcIna paryAvaraNa (Environmental archaeology) ane prAcIna mATIkAmanA udyoga (Petrological studies) vizenAM saMzodhana mATe prayoga karavAnI sAdhana-sAmagrI, sagavaDe upalabdha che, je temanI dIrdhadaSTinuM pariNAma che. pro. hegaDe eka vidvAna vijJAnika-purAvastuvida tarIke deza-videzamAM vikhyAta hatA. bhAratIya purAvastuzAstranI samasyAo ukelavAmAM te pAraMgata hatA. 1970mAM pazcima bhArata ane rAjasthAnanA raNapradezanA prAcIna paryAvaraNanA (Quaternary Environmental strI. 14 For Private and Personal Use Only

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rat prA. ke. TI. esa. hegaDene...... ApatA rahyA hatA. Archaeology ) kSetre kembrIja yunivarsiTInI TIma sAthe saphaLatApUrvaka saMzodhana karyuM', 1960nA dazakAmAM tAMbA ane lekhaDanI kAcI dhAtune zuddha karavAnI prAcIna dhAtuvidyA vize sazAdhana karanAra teo ApaNA dezanA prathama vidvAna gaNAyA. tyArathI Aja sudhI pro. hegaDe bhAratIya prAcIna dhAtuvijJAnanA viSayamAM abhyAsaCyegA tema ja sa`zAdhanAtmaka lekhA dvArA khahumUlya phALA 1983mAM udayapura (rAjasthAna) najIka Avela jhAvara khAte utkhanana daramyAna jasata zuddha karavAnI prAcIna bhaThThIo maLI AvI hatI jyAre pAzcAtya vidvAnonA mata pramANe jasata dhAtune A paddhatithI zuddha karavAnI prakriyA 19mI sadImAM yuropamAM sau prathama zodhAI. tenI sAme jhAvara utkhananamAMthI prApta prAcIna jasata zuddhIkaraNanI bhaThThIonAM UMDAM sa`zeAdhanA ' dvArA pro. hegaDee sAbita karI batAvyuM ke kAcI jasata dhAtune ' Urdhva-zuddhikaraNa pati ' ( Vertical Distillation) dvArA jasata prApta karavAnI paddhati prAcIna jhAvara tema ja pazcima bhAratamAM khUba jANItI hatI. Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir taduparAMta pAzcAtya purAvAnA mata viruddha uttara gujarAtamAM haDappana sa`skRtinI zakavatAe temaNe ja puravAra karI hatI ke jemAM 1980-90nA dAyakAmAM purAvastukIya sarvekSaNa daramyAna haDappana saMskRtinA TIMbA para prakAza pADyo. nAgezvara, ratanapurA ane nagavADAnAM utkhanAmAMthI maLela avazeSoe gujarAtanI 'haDappana sa skRtinA abhyAsamAM eka navIna dizAsUcaka sa'zAdhananuM pradAna karyuM che. A prAcIna avazeSAnAM pradarzInA paNa bharavAmAM AvyAM hatAM. pro, hegaDene deza-videzamAM skolarazIpa ane leoNzIpathI sanmAnita karavAmAM AvyA hatA. 1965mAM erIjhonA yunivarsiTI Taskana ( yu. esa. e )mAM teee smItha-muntha-phulabAITa skrolara tarIke lebAreTarImAM sazodhanakArya karyuM 1986mAM hArDa yunivarsiTI ane erIjhonA yunivarsiTImAM mukhya phulabrAiTa phlA tarIke AmatraNu pAmyA. nivRtti pahelAM 1990mAM temane philADelphIyAnI yunivarsiTImAM ezIyana ArkiyAlAjInI prephesarazIpathI sanmAnita karAyA. A pachI samagra jIvanakALa daramiyAna karela prayogA, saMzAdhanA ane anubhavanA niceDasamA prAcIna bhAratIya dhAtuvijJAna vize saMzodhanAtmaka pustaka prasiddha karyuM. 14mI sapTembara-1992mAM avasAna pAmyA, paratu cheka julAI-'92 sudhI nagavADA utkhananane ripeTa lakhavAmAM vyasta rahyA. vaijJAnika abhigama dharAvanAra, purAvastuvijJAnane samarpita pre, ke TI, ema hegaDee athAga parizrAma tathA samarpaNu dvArA bhAratIya purAtattvamAM dhAtuvijJAna, paryAvaraNa vigere purAtattvasa zeAdhanamAM eka anekhuM ucca pradAna karyuM" che, je AvatAM dhaNuAM varSoM sudhI amara raheze. vI. esa. pArekha Di. * AkriyAlAjI enDa eziyanTa hisTrI, vaDedarA For Private and Personal Use Only

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navApAMjali semAbhAi pU. pArekha janma 13/6/1918; svargavAsa 9/6/1993 9 janane budhavAre sAMjanA Azare sADAcAranA sumAre semAbhAIne sauthI nAnA putra suMdara maLavA Avyo. tenI zakagherI mudrA joine koipaNa prazna pUchuM te pahelAM ja teNe ! tUTaka avAje " kAkA ! moTAbhAI gayA ane saMdeza saMbhaLAvyo. moTAbhAIne nAme bALakonA priya, somAbhAI dhU. pArekhanA aNucitavyA avasAnane AghAta aneka atItanI smRtio saMkorate rahyo. somAbhAInI jIvanayAtrA mukhyatve rANIA, sAdhI, pAdarA ane vaDe darAmAM thaI. bhAdaravA pAse vaDodarA jillAnA rANu A gAmanA nApita kuTuMbamAM janmelA somAbhAInuM mosALa sAdhI, mosALanI paristhiti dharanI paristhitine mukAbale kaMIka sArI tethI mAmAe bhANejane hAIskUlamAM bhaNAvavAnI hAma bhIDI sAdhIthI pAdarAnuM Azare daza kilomITaranuM aMtara vAraMvAra kApavuM, pAdarAmAM thoDe vakhata rahevuM, ane adhyayana cAlu rAkhavAnuM bhagIratha prayatna karatA rahevAnI somAbhAInI nijhAmAM prAcIna jJAnaparaMparAnA saMskAre dekhAya che. pAdarAmAM jazubhAI zAha ane temanAM kuTuMbamAM somAbhAIne sAMtvana maLatuM. e kuTuMba temane putravat gaNatuM. keTalIkavAra bhejananI sagavaDa karI ApatuM ane somAbhAInI aneka pravRttimAM protsAhana ApatuM. kaSTamaya AjivikA vacce adhyayana karIne somAbhAI dhU. vALaMda meTrikanI parIkSAmAM uttIrNa thayA. nabaLI Arthika sthitimAMthI pagabhara thavA mATe prAthamika zikSaka tarIke bAmaNagAmanI zALAmAM joDAyA. paraMtu AgaLa vadhavAnI temanI adamya icchAthI teo baroDA kolejamAM joDAyA, ane gujarAtI mukhya viSaya sAthe 1944mAM bI. e. nI parIkSA pAsa karI. potAnI Arthika sthiti sudhAravA mATe temane bI. e. ne greDa maLavo joIe evI arajI karatAM khAtAmAMthI aneka prazno ane vidane UbhAM thatAM temaNe nekarImAMthI chUTA thaIne, revenyu, jaMgala Adi gAyakavADI rAjyanAM khAtAMomAM nokarI karatAM karatAM ema.e. gujarAtInI parIkSA bIjA vargamAM pasAra karI. ema. e. thayA bAda temaNe bI. e.nI parIkSA pasAra karI ane vaDodarAnI muslima eNjyukezana sosAyaTInI hAIskUlamAM zikSaka tarIke nokarI svIkArI. temanI A vidyAkIya For Private and Personal Use Only

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h@uwure 2. nA mahetA pravRtti daramiyAna temanuM vAcana, carcAvicAraNa, kAvyalekhana vagere temanA mitro sAthe cAlu rahetAM hatAM. A varSo daramiyAna temanuM lagna paNa thaI gayuM hatuM ane temanI vasaMta, gautama, suMdara ane haMsA e saMtati che. somAbhAInAM patnI narmadAbahena atyaMta mAyALu ane mRdu svabhAvanA, dhIra prakRtinAM hatAM. temaNe samAbhAI ne bhAratIya sannArInI paripATI anusAra AjIvana sAtha Apyo hato. temane somAbhAinA pahelAM svargavAsa thaye hate. somAbhAInI zAMta ane sanniSTha prakatithI cAlatI sarasvatInI sevAne mahArAjA sayAjIrAva yunivarsiTInA gujarAtI vibhAge AgaLa vadhArI. prAcIna gujarAtI kRtionuM saMpAdana karIne gujarAtI bhASAne aitihAsika daSTie deza teyAra karavAnI samagra janAmAM anveSaNa mATe temanI akSaka arthAta risarca AsisTanTa tarIke nimaNUka thayA bAda temanI 1978 sudhInI aDhI dAyako upara vistaranI pravRttimAM temaNe hastaprato vAMcI, tenAM pAThAMtare taiyAra karyA ane temanA parizramane lIdhe gujarAtI vibhAganI "prAcIna gurjara granthamALA 'ne AMtararASTrIya khyAti maLI che. De. pArekhanI A kSetramAM thayelI pravRttimAM lekhaka ke saMpAdaka tarIke nAma Ave ke na Ave te pratye upekSAvRtti rAkhelI hAI prAcIna kAcusaMgraha temanA nAma sAthe saMkaLAyelo graMtha che. paraMtu temanA kAryanI pUrvabhUmikA prAcIna gurjara graMthamALAmAM pAyArU5 che, hastapratonAM vAcana mATe Avazyaka lipi ane bhASAjJAnane abhAve kSINa thatI jatI A vidyAzAkhAmAM De. somAbhAI pArekhanI khaTa lAMbA vakhata sudhI sAlaze. janI gujarAtInA temanA adhyayanane lIdhe teo paMcadaMDanI kathA tarapha AkarSAyA ane tenuM vyavasthita adhyayana karIne temaNe vidyAvAcaspatinI padavI prApta karI. A kArya mATe temaNe hastaprata vAMcI tenI samIkSita AvRtti teyAra karIne tenI vistRta prastAvanA lakhI. A prastAvane sAthe prasiddha thayelI temanI kRti A kSetramAM kAma karanArane mATe sAru dRSTAMta pUruM pADe che. somAbhAInI A pravRttione lIdhe teo risarca AsisTanTane badale prAcyavidyA maMdiramAM riyarsa ophisaranI jagyA para nimAyA hatA. tyAra bAda temanA pitAnA anveSaNa uparAMta temanI javAbadArIo vadhI hatI. te paNa teo vyavasthita rIte adA karatA hovAthI temanA vakhatamAM prAyavidyA maMdiranAM prakAzane sArI jhaDapathI ane ekasAipUrvaka karavAthI temanA uparI adhikArIo De, umAkAnta e. zAha tathA De. bhogIlAla ja, sAMDesarAnI manokAmanAo pUrNa thatI rahetI hatI. somAbhAI A kAryo karatAM karatAM zarUAtamAM te kALe banAvatA, te paikI " gulamahora' jevAM prasiddha thayAM che. paraMtu temanuM dhyAna tyAra bAda nibaMdha lakhavA tarapha rahyuM che ane tethI temanI A kRtio avAranavAra prasiddha thatI hatI. For Private and Personal Use Only

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nivApAMjali A lekhanapravRttiomAM temane ghaNo samaya jate ho, taduparAMta zikSaka tarIke paNa teo kAma karatA. ThIMgaNI kAyAvALA semAbhAInuM zArIrika vyakti taMdurasta paNuM eAchuM prabhAvazALI hatuM. te prabhAvanI kheTa emanI buddhinI tejasvitA, temanI vinoda karavAnI ane vinoda sahana karavAnI vRtti pUrNa karatI. vidyArthIo taraphanI temanI sadabhAvanA, temane madada karavAnI temanI taiyArIne lIdhe samabhAI nAnA moTA vidyArthIonI prIti saMpAdana karatA. temanA kAryakSetramAM ema. e. sudhInAM vyAkhyAno samAveza thato. temanI zikSaNazAstranI bI. e. ane ema. eDa. DIgrI mATe karelI kAmagIrI mATe teo saMgrahAlayamAMthI citro Adi ekatra karIne temane zikSakone prabhAvita karatA eTaluM ja nahIM paNa temanAM vyAkhyAmAM paNa matagata sAmagrIne yathAsthAne upayoga karatA. A sAmagrIne upayoga karavAnI temanI bhAvanA parathI temane mUrtizAstra jevA kSetramAM rasa vadhe hato ane De. umAkAnta zAhanI preraNAthI te viSayamAM sArI pragati karI hatI. temanA putra hai. vasaMta pArekhanA zaivamUrtionA adhyayana vakhate paNa temane A viSayane utsAha spaSTa thata hatA. e viSaya aMgenAM puratako vAMcavAM, citro jovAM tathA mUrtio jevI Adi temanI pravRttio mAM temanA zikSaka ane anvekSaka svabhAvanuM sAruM pratibiMba paDatuM. AvA kSetramAM pradarzana yojavAM, pradarzanamAM vividha pravRttiomAM bhAga levAmAM paNa samabhAI pArekhane utsAha ghaNe upayogI nIvaDato. pradarzananAM lakhANo. lebalo AdinI gujarAtI bhASA tapAsI javI, tenI joDaNInI zuddhi Adi nAnAM moTAM aneka kAryomAM temanI muka sevAo vaDodarA vizvavidyAlayamAM mahattvanuM cagadAna banI rahetI hatI. Ama vidyAkIya kSetramAM kArya rata che. somAbhAI pArekhanuM jIvana sAdAIpUrNa hatuM. prAthamika zikSaka tarIke sakaracha dhotiyuM, baMdha kolarane jodhapurI Dhabane koTa ane sapheda TopI emane pozAka hato te badalIne bahAra khuzazarTa ane pATalune paheranAra somAbhAI dharamAM sAdAM vacce paheratA. khorAka saMpUrNa zAkAhArI. temane khIcaDI ane zIre ghaNAM priya hatAM. teo mahemAnagati paNa sArI karatA. tathA potAnA mitravartuLamAM hamezAM madadagAra thavAnI koziza karatA. temanA mitrone temaNe gharakAmamAM, sAmAjika kAmamAM aneka prakAranI sahAya ApI hatI. teo bALako pratye mamatALu vartana rAkhatA hevAthI somAkAkAnI hAjarI bALakomAM apUrva utsAha jagADatI. makarasaMkrAti para pataMga uDADavAnI temanI maryAdita AvaData temanA apUrva utsAhathI DhaMkAI jatI. temanuM kauTuMbika jIvana paNa sAmAnyataH AnaMdapUrvaka vyatIta thayuM hatuM. paraMtu temanI putrInI mAnasika asvasthatAthI somAbhAI para zokanI chAyA rahetI hatI, For Private and Personal Use Only

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18. 2. nA, mahetA yunivarsiTImAMthI nivRtta thayA bAda temanI nabaLI paDatA AMkho, dhIme dhIme ghaTatI smRtine lIdhe temane kAryAnvita karavAnA prayatna niSphaLa thatA, teo potAnuM nivRtta jIvana pitAnAM bALako sAthe vitAvatA hatA. temanuM sAmAnya svAstha vaNuM sAruM rahetuM tethI temanA svargavAsanA samAcarane zrI. raNajitabhAI paTela (anAmI) ne pratibhAva hato ke "parama dahADe to huM temane maLe tyAre teo sArA hatA." paraMtu IzvaranI akaLa sattAmAM che. somAbhAI pArekha temanI lIlA vistArI gayA. 2maNalAla nA. mahetA , koyalsa sAsAyaTI, sakorsa, vaDodarA For Private and Personal Use Only

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graMthAvalokana jJAnagaMgotrI graMthazreNI-bhAratadazana 4 (svAtaMtryasaMgrAma-2) ; le. bhegIbhAI gAMdhI, mukuMdarAya muni ane dineza zukala, saMyojaka Do. dilAvarasiMha jADejA, mukhya saMpAdaka bhegIbhAI gAMdhI, pra. saradAra paTela yunivarsiTI, vallabhavidyAnagara, AvRtti-1, 1990, pR. 20 + 216 (Dabala krAuna), kiMmata rUA. 40 = 00. saradAra paTela yunivarsiTI, vallabhavidyAnagara taraphathI je 30 graMthanI jJAnagaMgotrI kaMthakoNI pragaTa thaI rahI che temAMne A 27mo graMtha che. te bhAratadarzanane 4the ane bhAratane svAtaMtryasaMgrAmane 2je graMtha che. A graMthane saMyojaka kulapati Do. dilAvarasiMha jADejA ane mukhya saMpAdaka zrI bhogIbhAI gAMdhI che. graMthanA lekhake sarvazrI bhogIbhAI gAMdhI ( jANItA lekhaka tathA vicAraka ), mukuMdarAya muni (lekabhAratI, saNosarAnA nivRtta prAdhyApaka) tathA dineza zukala (gujarAta yunivarsiTI, amadAvAdanA prAdhyApaka) che. A graMthoNInA 27 maMthe prasiddha thaI cUkyA che. eTale enI pejanA ane amalathI gujarAtanA vidvAne paricita che. lokone vividha viSayenuM aghatana jJAna saraLa bhASAmAM maLI rahe e A yojanAne hetu che. jJAnanI sImAo satata vistaratI jAya che. eTale dara pacAsa ke se varSe AvI ekAda zreNI apAya che ke chellAmAM chellI zodhe ane saMzAdhanothI vAkepha rahI zake. graMthanI zarUAtanA nivedanamAM kulapati Do. dilAvarasiMha jADejAe maMthakoNInA udeze jaNAvyA che jyAre "saMpAdakIyamAM zrI bhogIbhAI gAMdhIe A graMthanI pUrvabhUmikA samajAvI che. zrI jogIbhAInA saMpAdana nIcene A chele graMtha hovAthI " AbhAradarzana 'mAM emaNe A yejanA kevI rIte ghaDAI, amalamAM mUkAI ane emAM pheraphAra thayA ene ke itihAsa ApI madada karanAra vidvAne tathA lekhakone AbhAra mAne che. pustakane "pravezaka rAjyazAstranA vidvAna ane AMtararASTrIya rAjakaraNanA abhyAsI gA. paraSottama gaNeza mAvaLaMkare lakhe che. bhAratanA svAtaMtryasaMgrAma viSe teo jaNAve che, "bhAratanA svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanI gAthA samRddha ane gauravavaMtI che. ApaNe deza prAcIna ane vidhavidha saMskRtiothI sabhara hovA chatAM, eka prakAranI samAna bhAratIya sabhyatA dharAvatA hovA chatAM, becAra saikAothI nahi paNa hajAro varSathI TakI rahyo che. e ja "pravezaka 'mAM AgaLa jatAM teo jaNAve che, "svAtaMtryanI caLavaLa ApaNA dezamAM anerI rahI che. bhAratanI prajAe aneka Adarzone vAgoLatA rahIne svAtaMtrya mATe saMmAma khele che. emAM prajAe ane prajAnA AgevAnoe avanavAM svapna sevyAM che tema anekavidha Adarzo sAthenAM mUlyone paNa saMbhAryA che ane sAcavyAM che.' For Private and Personal Use Only

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mugaTalAla pa. bAvIsI mayamAM kula 7 khaMDa che. prathama khaMDa 1 kAMgresI uddAmo' viSe che. enA prathama prakaraNuM javAharalAlane ajape 'mAM gAMdhIjI ane javAharalAlanA vicAramAM rahelI bhinnatA spaSTa karavAmAM AvI che jyAre bIjA prakaraNa " subhASabAbunI tAlAvelI 'mAM subhASabAbue chUpA veze chaTakIne hiMda choDayuM tyArathI vimAnI akasmAtamAM temanA avasAna sudhInI romAMcakArI pravRttionI silasilAbaMdha hakIkata ApavAmAM AvI che. prakaraNane aMte subhASabAbue raMgUna cheDatI vakhate AjhAda hiMda phojanA sAthIone lakhelo patra ane subhASabAbue gAMdhIjInuM kareluM mUlyAMkana khAsa ullekhanIya che. emAM subhASabAbue gAMdhIjI vize keTalAMka kaDavAM satya uccAryA che. A vigate anya koI gujarAtI pustakamAMthI prApta thatI nathI. tethI A prakaraNa ane A maMthanuM mUlya vadhe che. khaMDa-2 " samAjavAdI AMdolana' I. sa. 1934mAM maeNcesa samAjavAdI pakSanI sthApanA ane tenI pravRttio viSe alabhya mAhitI pUrI pADe che. AcArya narendradeva, jayaprakAza nArAyaNa, mInu masANI, amRta paTavardhana, rAmamanohara lohiyA, azoka mahetA, arUNA asaphaalI vagere koMgresa samAjavAdI pakSanA mukhya netAo hatA. emaNe keMgresamAM rahIne samAjavAdI vicAronA pracAra mATe karelI mathAmaNone ahIM nirUpaNa karavAmAM AvyuM che. khaMDa-3mAM hiMdamAM sAmyavAdanA praNetA tathA leninanA nIkaTa paricayamAM Avela prakhara vicAraka zrI ema. ena. roya (mAnavendranAtha raiya)nuM sAhasika jIvana, krAMtikArI vicAradhArA tathA e vicAradhArAne amalamAM mUkavAnA saMniSTha prayAsone vizada khyAla ApavAmAM Avyo che. khaMDa-4mAM be prakaraNa che. emAM prakaraNa-5 "2sI kAMti ', I. sa. 1917mAM thayelI sAmyavAdI krAMti tathA hiMda para thayelI tenI asaranuM Alekhana kare che. prakaraNa-6 hiMdanA sAmyavAdI pakSanI racanA, tenA siddhAMte tathA tenA kramika vikAsane Alekha 2ja kare che. khaMDa-pamAM hiMdamAM dezI rAjanI samasyAnuM svarUpa samajAvI tenA ukelamAM saradAra vallabhabhAIe batAvela kuneha ane kaDakAIne vistRta khyAla ApavAmAM AvyuM che. saradAra valabhabhAIe dezI rAjyone samajAvI jarA paNa lehI reDyA vagara bhAratanI ektA siddha karI e mATe emane yogya rIte ja " savAI bismArka' kahevAmAM Ave che. khaMDa-6mAM hiMdanA kisAna-AMdolanane ane khaMDa-7mAM kAmadAra-AMdolanano ItihAsa AlekhavAmAM Avyo che, bhAratanI AjhAdInI caLavaLamAM A be vargone paNa mahatvano phALo che. chelle "puravaNI'mAM raziyAmAM mikhAIla gebacavanA zAsana daramiyAna apanAvAyela "peresroIka" viSe samajUtI ApavAmAM AvI che. "perenjhoIka ne jyAre amala thAya tyAre sarvee tene AvakAra Apya hato. e vakhate koIne khabara na hatI ke garbhAva ane "perenjhoIka" raziyAmAM sAmyavAdanA aMta ane rASTrane, vidhaTana tarapha dorI jaze. Ama, jJAnamaMgetrI maMthakone graMtha-27 bhAratane arvAcIna itihAsa Alekhe che e sAthe bhAratanA svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanI jhalaka rajU kare che. jo ke A graMthamAM svAtaMtryasaMgrAmanI vigate alpa pramANamAM che jyAre bhAratamAM uddAmavAda, samAjavAda ane sAmyavAdane itihAsa For Private and Personal Use Only

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granthAlAna 113 vizeSa pramANumAM che. zrI bhAgIbhAI gAMdhI paNa eka samaye sAmyavAdanA raMge raMgAyA hatA ane emaNe ene UMDA abhyAsa karyAM hatA. eTale bhAratamAM samAjavAda ane sAmyavAdanA itihAsa emanI kalame AlekhAya e pramANabhUta ane vizvasanIya hoya e svAbhAvika che. ema. TI. khI. ArTsa kaeNleja, aThavA lAinsa, ta-395 001 A graMtha bhAratanA itihAsanAM keTalAMka pAsAMo para navA prakAza pADe che. khAsa karIne netAjI subhASacaMdra mAjha gAMdhIjI viSe kevA vicAre ane abhiprAyA dharAvatA hatA e viSe A graMthamAM sau prathama rajUAta karavAmAM AvI che. kaeNAMgresamAMnAM uddAma jUthA tathA vicArasaraNIe viSe zu emAMthI ghaNI jANukArI maLe che. e dRSTie A graMthanuM mUlya ghaNuM vadhI jAya che. mugaTalAla aa. bAvIsI * Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir * baidha zAlananAM pustakA (1) rojidA Ayuve, prakAzanavarSa 1990, AvRtti 6, pRSTha 224, ki. 25 = 00 (2) Ayurveda ApaNA saunA, 1991 A. 1, pRSTha 221, ki. 30 = 00 (3) uttama icchita satAna, 1991, A. 1, pR. 223, ki'. 25 = 00 ( 4 ) divya auSadhi ( bhA. 1) 1990, A. 3, pR. 112, ki, 15 = 00 (5) AyurvedIya vArtAlApa, 1991, A. 1, pR. 134, kiM. 20=00. (6) nitya nirogI, 1991, A. 2, pR. 137, kiM. 17 = 00 (7) kAkaDA, 1991, A. 2. pR. 46, kiM. 5 = 00 (8) ArAgya ane auSadha, 1991, A. 1, pR. 211, ki. 25 = 00, savaiyanA prakAzaka jagadIza vasANI, Ayu prakAzana, sarvodaya, bIjo mALa, rilIpha sinemA pAse, amadAvAda-380001. Arogya ane auSadha (meA bhAga)mAM nADIprakaraNamAM lekhake nADIvijJAna vize pUrI samaja ApI doSAnusAra nADInI gati darzAvI che. teA cikitsA karatI vakhate nADI na onAra vaidya anADI vaidya kahevAya tevI ramUja paNu karI lIdhI che. Ayika rogomAM nADI te khAsa jovI joI e evuM kathana che. For Private and Personal Use Only vajana vadhAravAnAM kAraNeA darzAvI te vadhAravAnA upAya paNa jaNAvyA che. citA-bhramaatisamAgama-kRzatA lAvanAra khArAka cheoDI nirbhayatA-nizciMtatA tathA madhura ane guru khArAka ja vajana vadhArI zake che tema jaNAvyuM che, mAM, jIbha, tALavuM tathA hoThanA sAdA rAgonA IlAja devaLa irimedAdi tela ja che tevuM bhArapUrvaka kahyuM che. tA rAjiddI sAravAramAM upayeAgI keTalIka kriyAo jevI ke lA~dhana-snehana-kavAtha-pakava jalapAna-zirpAka abhyaMga-upanAha, svedana, lepa-pralepa zubaMdhana tathA nasya jevI sAmAnya phriyA vize janasamAjane upayogI samaja svA. 15

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nikhilakumAra ja. paMDayA ApI che. pIpaLAne vividha rogamAM upayoga kevI rIte karavo te paNa kahyuM che. putra janme te mATe jema puMsavana vidhi karAvavAmAM Ave che tema putrI janme te mATe paNa puMsavanavidhi paNa UlaTA kramamAM karAvI lekhake eka navIna rAha batAvyo che. jenA gharamAM putrI na hoya tenI vedanAne citAra darzAvI putrInI agatyatA samajAvI che. samAjamAM ne vaidyomAM jANItA evA dazAMgalepanA vividha upayogo batAvyA che, je sAmAnya mANasa paNa vinA ciMtA upayogamAM laI zake che. vyasanonI AjakAla phezana thaI paDI che, tevA ja eka vyasana bIyaranA tathA madhanA aMtasevana pratye ciMtA pragaTa karI yuvAne vAlIo-Arogya khAtuM-kesara zaMzAdhana taMtra-nazAbaMdhI khAtA vagerene A aMge vicAravA bhArapUrvaka jaNAvyuM che. tamAku vizenI temanI sUjha jANItI che ane mAnavajAtane duzmana hovAnuM tene mAne che- sAro svara e manuSyanI suMdara abhivyakti che. tene keLavI zakAya che. juo temaNe prAcIna lekoktine upayoga karI jaNUAvyuM che ke " dUdha-sAkara ne elacI variyALI ne darAkha je gAvAne zokha hoya te pAMceya vastu cAkha. paNu-hiMga maracuM ne AmalI sopArI ne tela jo gAvAne zekha heya te pAMceya vastu mela" Ama kahI svara mATe pathyApathya batAvyuM che. svara mATe sarvottama jeThImadha che je dUdhamAM ukALI pIvAnI temanI salAha che. AyurvedanA abhyAsI tarIke temaNe zAstrIya jJAna meLavavAnI bhalAmaNa karI che ane naryA nusakhA upara AdhArita na rahevA samajAvyuM che. A zAstranA jJAnane prauDhazikSaNa-reDI-TIvI tathA vartamAna patra dvArA samAjanA tamAma staranA leko sudhI pahoMcADavAnI temanI mAMga che. kAkaDA (Tonsils) vize temaNe alaga pustaka paNa lakhyuM che, jemAM tenA thavAnAM kAraNe-pathyApathya ane pUrNa tema ja apUrNa rUpanI evI be prakAranI cikitsA batAvI che. prAyaH kaphajanya vikAra bALakomAM vizeSa pramANamAM jovA maLato hovAnI ane oparezana ja tene IlAja che evuM na mAnavA kahI temaNe kALajIpUrvaka cikitsA karavA salAha Apela che. haLadarajeThImadha ane haraDe tenAM rAmabANa auSadha hevAnuM lakhyuM che. AyurvedanI daza vizeSatAo (paMcakarma-satta-kASTauSadhejaTharAgninuM mahattva-bhULagAmI upacAra) vigere upara temaNe TUMkI samaja ApI che, to nabaLA mananA rogIonA rogo maTADavA muzkela paDe che tema darzAvI vAyunA rogomAM ajamodAdi cUrNa vAparavA salAha ApI che. - vartamAna samayamAM nAnAM-moTAM-yuvaka-yuvatIone vALanI samasyA hoya che. akALe vALa dhoLA thavA-vALa kharavA-udarI paDavI vagere ukhe temaNe hitakArI auSadhe jevAM ke jeDImadha-gaLo-azvagaMdhA-AmaLAM haraDe-zatAvarI-brAhmI-bhAMgaro vize samaja ApI che. vALanA For Private and Personal Use Only

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thAvalokana rakSaNa mATe keTalAka prayogo paNa darzAvyA che. DAyAbITIsa mATe sArivAghAsavane prayoga karavAnuM temanuM sUcana vyavahAru ne cikitsopayogI che. yuvAna-yuvatIoe ajamAvavA jevuM kaMkumAgha tela temaNe vizeSa anubhavathI samajAvyuM che. rAmAyaNa-mahAbhAratanA samayamAM AyurvedanI je mahattA hatI te temaNe lakSamaNajInI mUccha dUra karavA saMjIvanI auSadhi lAvavA vaidya suSeNujI hanumAnajIne mokale che te dvArA pratipAdita karyuM che. uttama Icchita saMtAna meLavavA mATe temaNe eka suMdara pustaka lakhyuM che jemAM garbhAzayamAM garbhane vikAsa-putra ke putrI, uttama gatpatti tema ja te aMgenA prazya Avara-divara para kaDuM, adhyayanapUrvaka nirUpaNa karyuM che. puruSapradhAna samAjamAM dareka mAtA putra ja I 2che che tevI mAtAone puMsavanaprayoga dvArA putra prApti mATenA prayogo darzAvyA che ane te aMge garbhadhAraNathI mAMDI kayAre zuM karavuM te samajAvyuM che. putra-prApti pratyenA pakSapAtanAM kAraNe vize vistRta samaja ApI kevaLa putro ja IcchavA te yugya nathI ema kahI lAlabattI paNa dharI che. * divya auSadhi" pustakamAM davAo jenAthI bane che te auSadhio paNa sArI sattvavALI ane divya hovI joIe tema kahyuM che. * divya auSadhi raDatI ' evI temanI eka kavitA uraHsaMvedanA nAmanA temanA pustakamAM meM vAMcI che. prabhAte jyAM jalasiMcana thatAM hatAM tevI tulasI pratyene saune abhigama jANItuM che te kazAya hetu ane jJAna sivAya ukheDI nAMkhavAmAM AvatI vanaspati pratye teo laMDa udana kare che. raDe lImaDo raDe pIpaLe gaLe DUsakAM bharatI A divya auSadhi raDatI" kavinA hadayane A bhAvAveza to je samaje te ja jANe ke auSadhi paNa sajIva che ne saMvedanA dharAve che. tenI rakSA karavI ja joIe. te ja sArI tevI rasadAra vanaspati uttama auSadhe ApI zake. Ayuve ane jIvatA rAkhavA tenA siddhAMtane jJAnane pracAra the jarUrI che. dinacaryA- rAtricaryA-RtucaryA-savRtta, AhAranA vihAranA viSayo tathA jIvanarakSA mATe zuM karavuM-zuM choDavuM te vize rejide Ayurveda' nAmanA pustakamAM samajAvyuM che. dUdha-dahIM-chAza-mAkhaNa-ghIanAja-kaThoLa-zAkabhAjI tathA marImasAlAnA guNo batAvI ApaNane te kaI rIte upayogI che te samajAvyuM che. vividha samAcAra mAdhyamo dvArA AyurvedanA siddhAMtanA pracAranA bhAgarUpe AkAzavANI upara temaNe ApelA vArtAlApa mAraphata samAjamAM ghara karI gayela rogo keTalIka kuTeva tema ja vyasanothI thatA vikAronI samaja ApI che. keTalAka dhammathu nusakhA paNa batAvyA che te praznottarI dvArA judA judA rogo vize pUrI samaja ApI che. sarakArI Ayurvedika kaoNleja AjavA roDa, vaDodarA 380 019. nikhilakumAra ja, paMDayA For Private and Personal Use Only

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116 esa. ke. rasAI. guptasamayanu` bhArata. (aitihAsika pariprekSyamAM lalitakaLAone eka abhyAsa) saradAra paTela yunivarsiTI, vallabhavidyAnagara, ( ji. kheDA ), DaoN. jI. DI. zukla prakAzakaH 1989, kiMmata rUA. 38 = 00, Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir upara darzAvela pustaka kula 181 pAnamAM lakhAyeluM che. Ama danI dRSTie nAnuM kahI zakAya tevuM A pustaka viSayanI rajUAta ane mAvajatanA saMdarbhamAM ullekhanIya ne che. lekhakanAM A viSayane samajavA mATe je kharyaMta ane dhagaza che te vAcakane jarUra dekhAI Ave che. litakaLA jevA kSetranA abhyAsa mATe khAsa kha'ta, samajaNu ane vaijJAnika abhigamanI AvazyaktA hoya che. lekhake A kaLAe guptakALamAM kevI rIte vikasita thavA sAthe pUNutAe paheAMcI. tenI suMdara samagra prakaraNa 2mAM ApI che. " AvI ja rIte sthApatyakaLA, mUrtikaLA ane citrakaLAnI paNa judAM judAM prakaraNo dvArA vistRta mAhitI ApI che. saMgIta, nRtya ane abhinayakaLAone paNa lekhaka nyAya ApavAno ahIM prayatna karyo che. lalitakaLAonA vikAsanI rajUAta karatAM pahelAM lekhake " gupta yutra-eka vihaMgadarzana " nAmanA prakaraNathI vAMcakane guptayuga ane lalita kaLAo vizenI pUrvabhUmikAnI samaja AApI che. A prakaraNa kho" eTalA mATe Avazyaka banyuM che ke sAmAnya rIte khApA vAcakava pAse laliMta kaLA jevA gahana viSayanA zAstrIya jJAnanI apekSA rAkhI zakAya nahiM ane chatAM pazu te AvA gahana viSaya dye samajI zake e dvaituthI A prakaraNa lakhAyuM che. lekhake Ama A prApya lakhIne sAmAnya vAcakane paNa pustakanA vastuviSayamAM pravezavAnI pIThikA pUrI pADI che. te dvArA prAcIna bhAratanA ItihAsane samajavA mATe ApaNuM vividha abhigamo apanAvI rahyA chIe. A jJAnapravRttinA Azaya kevaLa mApaNI jJAnipapAsA satoSavAnA nathI paNuM ApaNe ApaNI Identity zAdhavAne prayatna karIe chIe. ApaNA itihAsadhaDataramAM prAcIna samayanA phALAne yogya rIte samajavAnI Aje vadhu jarUra che kAraNu ke te dvArA ja mAjanA samAjamAM udbhavelI mU"kaTokaTIne sabaLa sAmano karI zakAya. sAmAnya rIte ApaNe prAcInakALamAM " suvarNayuganI '' zodha karatA gAIe chIe. ane A " suvarNa yuganI ' sAdhanI pravRttimAM ApaNe guptakALane suvaNaeN yuganuM lekhala lagAvIe chIe. A kaiTale zuM sAcuM? "" For Private and Personal Use Only .

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graMthAvalokana - zuM sAmAnya samAjajIvana sukhI saMpanna hatuM ? ke pachI bhadra samAjanA saMteSa ane sukha mATe rAjya AdarelI pravRttio, A samayane "suvarNayuga' tarIke oLakhAvavA prere che. A rIte joIe te gupta samayamAM je lalita kaLAo vikasI te kevaLa bhadra lekanA saMdarbhamAM uddabhavelI tema kahevuM . zuklanA parizramane anyAya karavA barAbara gaNAze. bauddha ane hiMdu sAdhusaMtenA mane vyApAra, ke dharmanI pratikRti ane dharmagraMtha dvArA kalAkAranA mAnasa para paDelI asaronuM vizeSarUpe A samayamAM nirUpaNa thayeluM che. Da zukale temanA lakhANamAM jANe ajANe A bAbatane vyakta karI che kalAkAra sAmAnya janajIvanathI 5ra nathI ane tenI kalAnI abhivyakita tene maLelA vAtAvaraNanI preraNAmAMthI udabhave che. A hakIkatane dhyAnamAM rAkhI lekhake tenA para prakAza pADayo hota te graMtha vadhu upayogI thAta. Do. zukalane A graMtha mAhitIsabhara che kAraNa ke te eka ItihAsavidanI dRSTithI lakhAyelo che ane A kAraNe lalita kalAnI mAvajata, tenA tajajJanI daSTi temAM na hoya te svAbhAvika che. vAcako ane saMzodhanakArene te upayogI thaI paDaze ema mAnuM chuM. ItihAsa vibhAga, esa ke. desAI ma. sa. yunivarsiTI, vaDodarA. zrI zreyassAdhaka adhikArI varga-le. De. lavakumAra ma. desAI, pra. rajisTrAra, ma. sa. yuni., vaDodarA, 1992, A. 1, pR. 8 + 507, kiM, rU. 123 = 00. traNeka matiH 'ne abhuta maMtra samAja ane sAhityane arpanAra " zrI zeyasUsAdhaka adhikArI varga vize eka AdhArabhUta adhyayanagraMtha prApta thayuM che te gujarAtI sAhityanuM sabhAgya che. prA. De. lavakumAra ma. desAIracita, A graMtha ', zrI yasAdhaka adhikArI varga ', eka saMzodhana-mahAnibaMdha che. tenA prakAzananuM mahattva Aje e rIte anekagaNuM vadhI jAya che ke te eka evA samayane saMdarbha laIne Ave che, jene mAtra gujarAta ke bhAratanA ja nahIM paraMtu samagra mAnavajAtanA itihAsamAM nizcitapaNe gauravabharyuM sthAna maLeluM che. . I. sa. 1945mAM " zrI sayAjI sAhityamALA'ne 194mAM puSpa tarIke, prAcyavidyA maMdira, vaDodarA dvArA prakAzita, zrI mahendrakumAra me. desAI (A graMthakartAnA pitAzrI) racita, " zrImannasiMhAcArya' graMthanuM anusaMdhAna laIne joI e te A graMtha A viSaya para A prakArano bIjo prayatna gaNI zakAya. For Private and Personal Use Only

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kaha5nA bAreTa pUrvAvasthAmAM eka zikSaka, saMgItA kavi zrImannasiMhAcAryajI dvArA I. sa. 1882mAM vaDodarAmAM sthapAyela A varga vizenuM talasparzI adhyayana A graMthamAM rajU thayuM che. zrI kAyasAdhaka, adhikArI varga ne e samayamAM prabhAva ane varganI dhyAnapAtra viziSTatAone khUba jahematapUrvaka, cIvaTapUrvaka saMzodhanakAre rajU karIne gujarAtI sAhitya ane samAjanI amUlya sevA karI che ema kahevAmAM jarA ya atizayokti nathI. janacetanA, janajAgRti, janakalyANa ane mAnavotkarSanI racanAtmaka vibhAvanAnA baLa para racAyela A varganA sthApaka zrImannasiMhAcAryajI vize svAmI. zivAnaMdajI noMdhe che ke, He was not an ordinary man. He was a yogi. He was a Swayam Siddha." zrI kizanasiMha cAvaDAe paNa kahyuM che, "gujarAta ane gujarAtI sAhitya upara A alaukika vibhUtinI asara aitihAsika banI jAya eTalI vyApaka hatI, ane gujarAtanI saMskAritAnA vikAsamAM A mahAnubhAvanuM arpaNa avismaraNIya banI jAya teTaluM apUrva hatuM". prastuta graMthanA AraMbhamAM zrImannasiMhAcAryajInA dIptivaMta jIvanakAryanA ulekha mAthe varganA mahApuruSe, nArIratna ane samagratayA saMsthAe gujarAtane karelA sevA pradAna aMge pazcAdabhUmikA ApI che tethI varganI sthApanAnuM hArda ane tene samayasaMdarbho spaSTa thAya che. maeNDama oNskI jemane gujarAta thiyosophIkala sosAyaTInuM netRtva soMpavA irache ke mahArAjA sayAjIrAva trIjA jemane sAmethI maLavAnuM cAhe evA zrImanRsiMhAcAryajI, apratima namratAnA pratIka mahAmA vizvavaMdya' ane bhagavAna zrImada upendrAcAryajI-e traNeya AdhArastaMbha samI mahAna vibhUtionA vizALa preraka sAkSarajIvanane vistRta abhyAsa raju karyo che. vaLI varganA vAtAvaraNamAM prabuddha thayelI anekavidha pratibhAone paricaya ApavA prayAsa karyo che temAM keTalAMka ghutimaMta nArIratnone paNa samAveza thAya che. te uparAMta varganAM vividha sAmayiko ane utsavoe sAhityasaMskAranI pITha tarIke je sevA bajAvI che tene khyAla atima prakaraNamAM Apyo che. A graMthanuM mahattva sAMpratakALamAM e rIte paNa vadhI jAya che ke, "hajAre pRthyomAM patharAyelA, varganA vipula sAhityamAM kayAMya koInI-koI dhamatatvanI zAkhAnI-deSapUrNa TIkA ke niMdAne anusAra ya jovA maLato nathI eTaluM ja nahI paNa je te viSayanI tenA lekhakanA hAthe taTasthapaNe, nIDara ane samyapha rIte, saMpUrNataH sAMgopAMga samAlayanA thayelI jovA maLe che. e hakIkata enI binasAMpradAyikatA ane udAra sahiSaNatAnI dyotaka che." tenI pratIti lekhake karAvI che. zrI jyotIndra davenA zabdomAM "varganuM sAhitya mAtra dhArmika sAhitya nathI." A graMthakartAe e batAvI ApyuM che ke vaijJAnika abhigama sAthe prajAjIvanane surucipUrNa rIte paDanAra, vyavahAru A varga dvArA samagrapaNe eka moTuM kAma cAlI rahyuM hatuM ane te ApaNI samasta prajAnA kAyAka65nuM. For Private and Personal Use Only

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uthAvalokana | kavi hasitakAnta bace to zrImadda upendrAcAryajIne eka sAhityika ke dharmAcArya ja nahIM paraMtu eka rASTrazipI tarIke navAjyA che. mahAtmA gAMdhI mATe "eka bhAratane sAce mAnavI-" garabe racanAra, mIThAnA satyAgraha pachI mIThuM khAvAnuM choDI denAra, rASTrapremI zrImad upendrAcAryajI ane sahaja rIte yoganI kriyAo zIkhavI detA Adarza zikSaka, sAdhaka, yogI, samAjasevaka, saMyojaka, kavi, sAhityakAra, taMtrI vagere anekavidha rUpamAM jhaLahaLatA mahAtmA vizvavaMdya dvArA nirmita ane saMvardhita A vargane zrI ramaNalAla va. desAIe vedAMta, upaniSadanI dhArAne navA dezakALanA saMdarbhamAM maulika rIte abhivyakata karatA varga tarIke biradAvyo che te sarvathA yathArtha che. vaLI varganA agaNita kavio ane dhuraMdhara vidvAne e dharmatatva ane jIvana pagI viSayo para maMthe ane lekha lakhyA che ane samAjanI ane sAhityanI utkRSTa koTinI sevA karI che. pracAranI ke prasiddhinI khevanA karyA vagara vage karelI samAjanI vividhalakSI sevA aitihAsika dRSTie paNa atyaMta noMdhapAtra che. A graMthanA racayitAe noMdhyuM che tema zaizvaryasaMpanna AcAryapuraSoe ane nArIranee * camatkAra " nAmanA pratane vargamAM pravezavA dIdhuM nathI e sAce ja A varganI vilakSaNatA che. vaLI zrImamnasiMhAcAryajInAM yoganAM sUma rahasyane bodha ke "vizvavaMgha'nI "ginI kumArI'nA yoga ane gakriyA ane tenI vividha mudrAonA AlekhanamAM A graMthanA lekhakanAM jJAna ane abhyAsanI pratIti thAya che. khUba UMcI kakSAnA, sAdhanAne aMte ja samajAya tevA sAhityane vistRta paricaya, eka sAdhakanA suputra hovAthI tathA pote paNa eka sAdhaka hovAne nAte, graMthakartA sahajapaNe karAvI zakyA che. A varganI vATikAne vikasAvanAra zrImad upendrAcAryajI para lekhaka mana mUkIne varasyA che--heta, gurabhakti ane ahobhAvathIane sAbita karI ApyuM che ke gasiddha pitAne vAra meLavanAra, pratibhAvaMta dharmAcArya upendrAcAryajI pitAnA samayathI ghaNA AgaLa hatA. jIvataka ane dezonnati saMbaMdhI ghaNu sArI bAbatanA puraskartA athavA projaka ane saMpaSaka hatA. tejasvI tArakadanA paricaya dvArA lekhake varganA samasta namaMDaLanuM tAdazya darzana karAvyuM che. varganAM je nararatna ane nArIratanAM virATa vyakitane ulekha karyo che. te paikInA pratyekanA jIvana ane sAhityakarma vize svataMtrapaNe saMzodhana karI zakAya tevI zakyatAo che. ema kahI zakAya ke prastuta graMtha dvArA lekhake bhAvi saMzAdhane mATe jANe ke aneka dvAra kholI ApyAM che. varganA ciMtanAtmaka gadya ane pravAhI zailImAM AlekhAyelA sAhityanA A darzanathI jeo A varganA sAdhako nathI ke varga sAthe sIdhI rIte saMkaLAyelA nathI tevA sujJajane ane jijJAsuo paNuM varga tarapha AkarSAya evI khUbI A graMthamAM che. For Private and Personal Use Only

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devadatta jozI - varganA variSTha zreyassAdhaka kavivara zrI rAjendra zAhane arpaNa thayela A graMthamAM graMthakartAe varganA vipula gadya-padya sAhityanI vistArathI samAlocanA karI che. graMthanA aMte Apela sAhityasUci parathI paNa varganA sAhitya paranA prabhAvane khyAla Ave che. varganA 101 jeTalA saMghe uparAMta anya lekhakonA 75 jeTalA pratha, hiMdI-aMgrejI pustako ane 25 jeTalAM sAmayikonI vipula sAmagrIne vidvattApUrNa abhyAsa karIne lakhAyela A mahAnibaMdha A varganI saMskArasevA ane sAhityasevAnI agatyanI noMdha karate eka mahatvane dastAveja che ema kahI zakAya. A vizada kArya mATe lekhaka prA. DaoN. lavakumAra ma. desAI dhanyavAdanA adhikArI che. sAthe sAthe AvA uttama graMthane prakAzita karavA mATe mahArAjA sayAjIrAva vizvavidyAlayane paNa abhinaMdana dhaTe che. ka95nA bAroTa 29, sujAtA sosAyaTI, akoTA, vaDodarA. ApaNI vAta" le. raNajita ema. paTela, "anAmI', . anAmI prakAzana, 22/2 aruNodaya sosAyaTI, vaDedarA-390 005, A. 1, 1991, pR. 8 + 160, kiM. rUA 50 = 00. - achAMdasanI bolabAlAmAM " anAmI ne kAvyasaMgraha jatAM paheluM dhyAna kheMce che chebahatA, je A saMgrahanuM AkarSaka pAsuM che. bahudhA zikhariNIne prayoga che. e noMdhavA jevuM che ke je kavie hade AtmasAta karyA hoya enI achAMdasa kavitAmAM paNa koIke chaMdane laya laherAto hoya che, je saMtarpaka nIvaDe che. udAharaNa tarIke achAMdasathI UdhaDatA "timire teja'mAM paraMparita manahara chaMdanuM layaguMjana saMbhaLAyA vinA rahetuM nathI jemake- " ATha ATha dAyakAne sahakAra mU--phaLe mukti-zAkhe" (pR. 69 ). chAMdasa-achAMdasa sAthe gItakA, gajhala paNa ThIka ThIka saMkhyAmAM che. pratikAvya jevA prayoga che te madhyakAlIna zAmaLazAI chappA paNa che. prakAravi sAthe viSayavaividhya noMdhapAtra banI rahe che. praNaya, prakRti, prabhu, tattvaciMtana, zaherIjIvana,, paurANika pAtro, mAnavIya sthiti ke paristhiti ema vividha viSaye sAthe nirveda, viSAda, vismaya, prasannatA, kRtArthatA, Arata, prArthanA, svIkRti ema aneka bhAvonI sRSTimAM avagAhana thatuM rahe che viSAdanA bhAvamAM bahudhA saMsmaraNonI bhUmikA nimitta banyA kare che, vitelAM varSonA phalaka para citro pasatAM kaMI AchAMgherA, kaTu-madhu smRtithI ubharatAM, ", (vItelAM varSonA pu. 4) For Private and Personal Use Only

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thathAvalokana 1 e bhAva "ApaNI vAta ne kendrastha bhAva che. praNayanuM saMvedana paNa moTebhAge smaraNa rUpe ja abhivyakta thayuM che. saMgrahamAM jIvananI dhaNIbadhI gatividhione Alekha che. adaSTanI vIkati sAthe niyativAdane svIkAra che. mRtyu mATenI taiyArI ane aktanI anubhUti mATenI jhaMkhanA che. paheluM ja kAvya "have ?'-kendrathI parigha tarapha kAlpanika rIte jaI AvyAne varasa vItI gayAM. kharekhara parigha para pahoMcyA pachI kendra tarapha jaI zakAya kharuM? bAlyAvasthAmAM dAdAnI bhUmikA bhajavI zakAya paNa dAdA banyA pachI pharIthI bALaka banI zakAya kharuM? vRddhAvasthAmAM smaraNene sathavAre mANasa jIve che. dAdAnI pAdhaDI, lAkaDI vagere laI dAdA banavAnI zizukrIDA karelI te bhUmikA vAstavika banatAM jIvanane uttamakALa vahI javAne viSAda sArvajanInatA pAmIne zikhariNInA layamAM AsvAdya banI rahe che. "have?' mAMne praznArtha-gaLe bheravAI gayeluM praznArthaciha mUguM UMDuM saMvedana sUcavI jAya che. "have ?"nA praznano uttara bIjA ja kAvya nirveda 'mAM che, jIvavuM e manuSyanI niyati che. jIvana kSaNabhaMgura che paNa e kSaNa paNa jIvI zakAya che. sukhanI kalpanAnA kephamAM jIvatAM, jIvana pUruM thayA pachI maraNa Ave tene amRtanA kuMbha tarIke svIkArI levAnI kalpanA maraNane sava banAve. saMdhyAkALathI rAtri sudhInI pratilIlA ane emAMthI janmatuM saMvedana maLe pitAnuM mAM che. AkAzarUpI bIna upara adaSTa nakhalIthI sarjAtuM saMgIta jIva-zivanI ekatAnI anubhati sudhI laI jAya che. sUryane potAnuM AkAza maLI gayuM che evuM ja darekane potAnuM AkAza maLI jAya te AbhA nIkhare kharI. rAtrinA AkAzadarzane kavine mugdha karyA che. dUrgadharati "mAM " sahaja durgadha zuM rati" che. hospiTalamAMnI aneka prakAranI gadhonI vAta karI e pratyenI rati pachI " vizvama mati ?" evA prazna mUke che paNa kaTAkSa chato thAya che. " navI saMskRtinAM pradUSaNa, havAmAna, salile, nabhene pAtAle a! khuzanazIbI manujanI!" " sahIne dUrgadha manuja-prakRtinI asaha je sugaMdhe suSTinI, virala guNa bhAre zakuM sahI !" (pR. 11) maMtharA navA navA svarUpe samAjamAM hoya ja che. badhA matyamAM e sanAtana pAtra a-mRta che. ne game te jaga-jIbha jaje, nave nave rUpa huM, ka65 kape." ("huM maMtharA '...pu. 21) - enA vyakitatvanuM eka ujaLuM pAsuMsvA 16 For Private and Personal Use Only

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12 devadatta jozI " hitaSiNa kema banuM na jenuM, sadAya khAdhuM lUNa : rAjamahele ? kuMjA zI dAsI ! mara maMtharA gati? calAvuM nA rAjanIti viSe matI ?" (pR. 20) maMtharAnI A svagatoktimAM e duSTapAtrane navesarathI vicAra thayo che. umAzaMkare paNa maMtharA ' padyanATakamAM maMtharAnI ukitarUpe A pAtranuM navuM arthadhaTana karyuM che. maMtharAne mAnavaparimANathI dUra laI jaI vidhAtAnI kAramI zakti jevuM svarUpa ApavAno prayatna karyo che huM durita huM asIma, agAdha, aparimeya, - AkhA ya A brahmAMDane bukaDo huM karI dauM." maMtharA", "samagra kavitA', pR. 619) evuM ja "duryodhana sI yuga mAM duryodhananA pAtranI sanAtanatA varNavI che. kuMbhakarNane "mAM kuMbhakarNane baMdhunika, sItA pratye mAtRbhAva anubhavanAra tarIke biradAvI duSTa pAtra pratye no daSTikoNa (premAnaMda jeTale jane) Ape che. "ApaNI vAta 'mAM vyathA jAne jIravI javAnI vAta che. vyathA koIne kahevAnI nahi. pitAne krosa te pite upADavo !" (pR. 25) rAjendra zAhanA gIta " bhAI re, ApaNA duHkhanuM keTaluM jora ?"nuM smaraNa thAya. "cala re sakhI ! ' e kRSNaviSayaka kAvyane upADa ja upaDavAne mijAja (Mood) pragaTa kare che-"cala, re sakhI ! vRMdAvana" (pR. 25) TI. esa. eliyaTanI Let us go then, you and I paMktine upADa manamAM camakI jAya. calatArAma'nI upADapaMkti "ApaNe to ja calatArAma "mAM sahaja svAbhAvika jIvananI mastI pragaTa thAya che. saMskRtinI sauthI vadhu phikara kavine hoya che. vAnarathI AInasTAIna'mAM utkrAntinA kramamAM candraloka sudhI pahoMcyA pachI manuSyasaMskRtine zikhare AsurI baLe pahoMcI jatAM lAgatAM utkrAtikramamAM vinipAtanI khINamAM paDavAne to krama nathI ne ? ema kavi dahezata anubhave che. ahaMnA aMdhakArane badale mAnavyanA udayathI saMskRtine sAco krama jaLavAya ema sUcave che - " dUkAra vAdaLa vace dhana aMdhakAra, mAnavyanA udayathI UghaDe havAra " (5. 29) eka vAra' mAMnuM madhya AsvAdya che "meM to ekavAra darpaNamAM joyuM, 'ne mana mAruM mehyuM, ke vADImAM AMbale maMjarIo mahe". (pR. 30) For Private and Personal Use Only

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thAvalokana muMbaI-amadAvAda-surata jevAM zaheranI badalAtI sUrata-badasUratanAM kAvyanA anusaMdhAnamAM vaDodarA viSenuM " A sAluM zahera che?" kAvya che. jenAM sarva sAmAnya lakSaNe lagabhaga dareka zaheramAM hoya evI zaherajIvananI kRtrimatA viSamatAnuM citra che. "A te sAluM zahera che ? ke kALo kera che! " bIjI ja paMktimAM 5risthitinI vakratA pratye kaTAkSane kAku che je avataraNacihna dvArA pamAya che - " "baroDA sITInI mahIM e ya lIlAlahera che,' nAnAmoTA cha vibhAgamAM patharAyelA kAvyamAM saMsakAranagarI vaDodarAne vAstavika cahero batAvatAM zaheranA vaibhavI vistAra alakApurIthI prAraMbha karatAM kahe che-" alakApurInuM nALu ! jANe narakApurInuM hAruM !" vizvAmitrI nadI eTale pradUSaNane pravAha-"rIvyuleTa kahe, ati 3kti " gade vaheLA !'" e satyokita !" (pR. 31 ). A te sAluM zahera che? e dhruvapaMkti che. gAya-bheMse-gheTAM-muMDa vagerene kAraNe rAjamArgo gaMdA banyA che. e citra ApyA pachI bharavADo ahistA ahistA cAle che je "gokulavRMdAvana dhaDadIyA go-pAla-bharavADo-bhaiyA" che kahI paristhitine virodhAvI che. pradUSaNavyAsa zaheramAM "taraNuM tUTe je dharaNI para, tAraka tUTe to nabha upara" ane "slamathI bhUMDI aneka cAla " pachI kaTAkSa "kevI lIlAlahera che !' alakApurImAM lako-"soDA-zarAba-pAne jhUme alabelA alabelI ghUme!" ane "alakApurI nathI baraDA ! jhAjhA dukhiyA, sukhiyA thoDA." AvuM zahera netAvihoNuM che "phahe, kevuM A zahera che ? koI nathI mahAjana ke netA ? ' lokahadayane koI vijetA ? ' dore, poSe, dizA dAkhave, nirbhakatA kaTu satya bhAkhave! (pR. 33) dizA-daSTahIna maMjhila kevI? aMdhe-aMdha daravaNa jevI ! " mAM akhAnI paMkti "sAmasAme beThAM dhUDa"nuM smaraNa thAya. "karaNa karaze te "bharavAnA", dIvA nIce aMdhera che" jevAM sarvasvIkRta samAjamAnya sabhyo vaNAI gayAM che. chuM, zuM karuM chuM!' gajhalamAM-"have zeSa jIvanamAM gatane smaruM smaraNathI, jIvana-khAlIpAne bharuM chuM." huM teyArI chellI ghaDInI karuM chuM." (pR. 40) A bhAva ghaNI kavitAmAM prasarelo jaNAya che. A dharA gurjarI' jhUlaNAnA layamAM gujarAtanuM gauravagAna che, "A ja ApaNe bhAratadeza?'mAM bhAratanuM mahimnastotra che. "A ja amArI bharatabhUmi ke ?'mAM aitihAsika parivatanAne Alekha ApI " zIkhyAM na samajyA kazuM itihAse bhUlanI kUMDI veNukAra" chatAM deza akhaMDa enI asalI tAkAtane lIdhe che. e tAkAta vizvazAMti, sarvodaya, prema, For Private and Personal Use Only

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14 devadatta saMza ahiMsA "eka pitAnAM so saMtAne 'nI bhAvanAmAM che ema kavi kahe che. " A aSADhanI helI ?' mAM "gagana-jogInI megha-jaTAthI gaMgAjI rahetAM relI" jevI sarasa rUpakAtmaka sachavApaNuyukta paMkti che. " chakelI ' relI " "keli' " navelI " " belI" jevA prAsAnuprAsa vaNAyA che. eka vAra basa'mAM...akhaMDa bhArata mATe kRSNane prArthanA karatA kavine kRSNasamayanAM pAtro vartamAnamAM dekhAya che. e paristhitimAM kRSNanI anivAryatA jaNAya che. 'bhale pralaya thaI jAya 'mAM-" karAla daSTA evI khAla bhasma asadda thaI jAya ". ema kALaprabhune prArthanA paNa karI le che. "dhanya jazodA 'mAM jazodAnI dhanyatA vrajabhASAnI chAMTa sAthe gavAI che, jemAM "karmanakI gata, RNAnubaMdha saba" kamanI philasUphI che. mAnavInI vizeSatA" manahara chaMdamAM dalapatarAmanA " uMTa kahe'nA pratikAvya jevuM che. prANIo pitatAnI viziSTatA kahe che. pachI " adhikatA ApaNI ja Ave rUDA khyAlamAM," pazupariSadane A TharAva sAMbhaLI mAnavIne pratinidhi kahe che guNa avaguNa sahu ApamAM te eka eka jAtimAM amArI te aDhAre ekasAmaTA !" (5. 78 ) tamArI e vANI mAM praNayanAM saMvedane saMsmaraNAtmaka bhUmikAethI AlekhAyAM che. soneTanI zarUAta pahelAM "hadayamAtra jANe che prItiyoga paraspara ' e bhavabhUtinI, anuvAdita paMkti koMsamAM avataraNacihamAM kahevAI che. priyatamAnA vatanamAM " paNa aNuyAnubhUti maraNorUpe che. emAM "tUTyA vINA-tAre asala sUrane nA dharI zakuM"nI nirAzA sAthe "lIlA sarve mAnuM samayanI ! kazuM nA kaLI zakuM'" jevo niyativAda che. "dhAryuM te 'mAM paNa A ja pAraMparika zraddhAne sura che. caMdramaNa'mAM " kuraMga mAtaMga pataMga bhaMga"...e zleka saMdarbhamAM mAyAvI jIvanI sthiti vicAryA pachI " are! A niyati devI! mAnavInI ! pravAhamAM karmanA, DhasaraDAnuM chA, saMka95 nA kazuM?" (5. 84) aMte jIvAtmA e amRtasya putrA : che evuM samAdhAna-AzvAsana lIdhuM che. "have huM thAkyo chuM " sarI gayelA samayane sadupayoga na karI zakavAnA pazcAttApa sAthe maraNanA AkarSaNanI vAta paNa kahI jAya che--vihaMge jAvAnuM charaNanIDa chAMDI, navanIDe?" ane " have laDe haMsA ! avanavalA ko gaganamAM. " "neti-Iti mAM prakRtinAM virATa to, pu5, bALaka. mAtA badhAne brahmatatva tarIke jovAno prayatna karatAM sauneTanA aMte neti-Iti gahana tattva kazuM na jANuM, pratyakSa je zvasI rahyuM, sahaje pramANuM " (5. 96) ane kahe che te " A pratyakSa mukhemukha vAte kare " nA sahaja tattvanI svIkRti che. "mA : 'mAM " jAbAli-ketAnaci" jevI zabda lIdhI che. jepha ne tRSNA'mAM karAyAnI ukti aMge galita palitaM muMDa" vagerenI preraNuM joI zakAya. "nayana mAM For Private and Personal Use Only

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thAvakane (25 veNIbhAI jene "unAM re pANInAM adabhuta mAchalAM " kahe che te nayanamAM vyaktitva samagra pragaTa thAya che. e viSe-"badhAye bhAnI carama abhivyakti nayanamAM". chaganabhAne mATe lakhAyelA pAMca vibhAganA kAvya "mukharSamAM dukhapradhAna sukha apathakI bharelI mAnavajIvananI ghaTamALanI vAtamAM--" vidyuprabhA kSaNa zuM mauktika vIMdhavAnAM ". e paMktimAM anya saMdarbhe vIjaLIne jhabakAre motI parovavuM pAnabAI !" e gaMgAsatInI paMktine smaraNajhabakAra thAya. saMmatamAM bhagavAna buddha, pU. yogezvarajI, gAMdhIjI, vinobAjI, saradAra paTela, jayadeva zukala jevAM vyakita/vibhUtiviSayaka anya kAvyo dhyAnArha che. "nA mAM nakArAtmaka anubhUti geya DhALamAM kAvyAtmaka banI rahe che"mArI AMkhonI sAme aTavAya, dekhAya nA ! mArA manaDAnI kevI A rIta ! | (pR. 126 ) kaLAya nA. mUka ajape 'mAM mukta gagananuM Ahata paMkhI purAyuM zuM nIDe! jevAM janAM pratIkone viniyoga che. cAra bhAgamAM vistaratA dhanaprazasti'mAM zAmaLazAI chApAne saphaLa prayoga che- vizvacakranuM aMjana maMjana mahelAtanuM, kalA-kavitA raMjana, bhaMjana bhaDa vAtanuM." (pR. 143) jevA prAsAnakAsa sAthe chapAne aMte "bhaNe anAmI 2ka"nI kavichA5 che. kriniMga 'mAM AjhAdInA cAra dAyakA pachInI dezanI dazAnuM citra "bhItarathI te varavo veza" dhruvapada dvArA darzAvyuM che. "keTakeTalAM rU52'mAM virATa Izvarane prANapriyA tarIke anubhavI enA svarUpamAM bhaLavAnI Adata che. "mAro sAyabo to' prakRtikAvyanI paDa che IzvaraviSayaka gItakAvyane namUne banI rahe che. nathI joItuM' mAnava ane prabhu vaccenI saMvAdAtmaka abhivyakti che, jemAM mana hevuM e mAnava sevAne purAvo che, mana che te manana che, mananAM saMcalanothI akaLAvAnI jarUra nathI vagere vicAro rajU thayA che. enA anusaMdhAnamAM mananAM vividha rUpone darzAvatAM mana muja ' "mana tuM?" "kema karI samajAvuM!" "gA, manI' jevAM manaviSayaka kAvyo joI zakAya. maLI jAya 'mAM pakSI jIvanane biradAvatAM pAMkhanA abhAvanI manuSya jIvananI adhUrapa darzAvI che. pelA paMkhIne joI mane thAya" e upendrAcAryajInA bALagItanuM anusaMdhAna dekhAya. * keTakeTalAM?'mAM saMskRta sAhityanI asara joI zakAya-vAje nAnatA miM dimI ane ja ane saMsAra kimatamaya: fka viSamaya ne vicAravistAra jaNAya. saMskRtapracura bhASAvALA kAvya parabrahma" AgaLa sUcaka rIte " ApaNI vAta pUrI thAya che. Ama samagratayA jotAM ke, subhASa dave kahe che tema " avasAda ane AnaMda-evI paraspara virodhI bhAvasthitionI anubhUti " ApaNI vAta "nuM bhAvajagata che. grAmyavidyA mandira, ma. sa. yunivarsiTI, devadatta jozI vaDodarA, For Private and Personal Use Only

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tbo THE GAEKWAD'S ORIENTAL SERIES GOS. Nos. 30 TATIVASANGRAHA-Vol. 1 (Sanskrit Text )-Edited by Pandit Embar Krishnamacharya (Reprinted; 1984) Rs 165 oo 156 GANGADASA-PRATAPAVILASA-NATAKAM-by Ganga dhara-- Edited by B. J. Sandesara and Pandit Amritlal M. Bhojak (1973) Rs. 12.00 157 ZAFAR UL WALIH BI MUZAFFAR WA ALIHI-An Arabic History of Gujarat Vol. II-by Abdullah Muhammad AlMakki Al-Asafi Al-Ulughkhani Hajji Ad-Dabir, Translated into English by M. F. Lokhand wala (1974) Rs. 50.00 158 A DESCRIPTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE PRINTED TEXTS OF THE PANCARATRAGAMA, Vol. I-by Daniel Smith (1975) Rs. 50.00 159 SATYASIDDHISASTRA-of Harivarman, Vol. 1 Sanskrit Text from Chinese translation by N. A. Sastri (1976) Rs. 65.00 AGAMAPRAMANYA-of Yamunacarya-Edited by M. Narasimhachary (1976) - Rs. 18.00 bI SMRTICINTAMANI--of Gangaditya-Edited by Ludo Rocher (1976) Rs. 26.00 162 VRDDHAYAVANAJATAKA-of Minaraja, Vol. 1-Edited by David Pingree (1976) Rs. 94.00 163 VRDDHAYAVANA JATAKA-of Minaraja, Vol. II--Edited by David Pingree (1977) Rs. 64.00 SODHALA-NIGHANTU ( Namasangraba and Gunasangraha ) of Vaidyacarya Sodhala-Edited by Priya Vrat Sharma (1978) Rs. 53.00 165 SATYASIDDHI SASTRA-of Harivarman-Vol. II (English translation )-by N. A. Sastri (1978) Rs. 92.00 166 SAKTISANGAMA TANTRA-Vol. IV : CHINNAMASTA KHANDA-Edited by Late B. Bhattacharyya & Pandit Vrajavallabba Dvivedi (1978) Rs. 49.00 167 KRTYAKALPATARU--of Bhatta Laxmidhara : PRA TISTHAKANDA Vol. IX-Edited by Late K. V. Rangaswami Aiyangar (1979) Rs. 53.00 A DESCRIPTIVE BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE PRINTED TEXTS OF THE PANCARATRAGAMA-Vol. II-AN ANNOTATED INDEX TO SELECTED TOPICS by H. Daniel Smith (1980) Rs. 41.00 169 NYAYALANKARA-of Abhayatilaka Upadhyaya Edited by A, L. Tbakur & Late J. S. Jetly (1981) Rs. 143 00 170 TRCABHASKARA by Bhaskararaya Edited by R. G. Sathe (1982) Rs. 53.00 171 SRI GANESAVIJAYAKAVYAM Edited by B. N. Bhatt Rs. 46.00 Can be had of : MANAGER, UNIVERSITY PUBLICATIONS SALES UNIT, University Press Premises, Near Palace Gate, Palace Road, Baroda-390 001, Gujarat, India. * 168 For Private and Personal Use Only

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agnikuMDamAM UgeluM gulAba 127 agnikuMDamAM UgeluM gulAba-nArAyaNa desAI, pra. amRta medI, maMtrI, zrI mahAdeva desAI janmazatAbdI samiti, gAMdhI smAraka saMgrahAlaya, harijana Azrama, amadAvAda380027 A. 1, 2, oNkaTobara, 1992, pR. 800, kiM. rU. 50 = 00 zrI nArAyaNa desAIe " agnikuMDamAM UgeluM gulAba' lakhI pitAnA pitA, gAMdhIbhakta, gAMdhIjInA saciva tathA mAnasaputra zrI mahAdevabhAI ha. desAInuM sarvathA ucita pitRtarpaNa karyuM che. te aMge temane keTalAya graMtha UthalAvyA tathA keTalAya mANasanI mulAkAta lIdhI tathA keTaluMye aprakaTa patrasAhitya paNa dhyAnathI joyuM. gAMdhIsAhityanA prakhara abhyAsI zrI cI. nA. paTele "mahAdeva desAI : gAMdhIjInA gaNeza ane hanumAna" zIrSakathI prastAvanA lakhI mahAdeva desAInA vyaktitva ane kRtitvanI vizeSatAo batAvI che. zrI nArAyaNa desAIe pustakane smRti, prastuti, prIti, dhRti tathA Ahuti-ema pAMca vibhAgomAM vaheMcyuM che. smRtimAMnuM " mahAdeva, UTha mahAdeva ! oNgasTa 15, 1942 " prakaraNa yaravaDA jelamAM thayelA mahAdevabhAIne mRtyu ane pUrvApara dhaTanAone mAmika varNana kare che. mahAdeva desAI TUMkuM jIvyA e vAtane svIkAra na karatAM gAMdhIjIe kahyuM hatuM. :-" mahAdevanuM kAma pUruM thaI cUkyuM hatuM. temaNe pacAsa varSa mAM se varSanuM kAma karyuM hatuM te vadhu vakhata zA sAru rahe? bhagavAne tene zA sAru rahevA de ?" ( pRSTha 11). - I. sa. 1915mAM gujarAtI kArbasa sabhAnI InAmI jAherAtamAM lorDa morlInI "mona jowomAdA' nuM bhASAMtara karavA sAru temanI pasaMdagI thaI ane rUA. 1000/nuM InAma temaNe meLavyuM. te ja varSamAM juna mAsamAM amadAvAdanI DisTrikaTa korTamAM vakIla tarIke sanada lIdhI. temaNe baMgALIne abhyAsa karI TAgoranI "vitrAMjA' nuM gujarAtImAM bhASAMtara karyuM. 1916mAM pitA zikSakanI nokarImAMthI nivRtta thatAM temaNe sahakArI benkanA i-sapekaTara tarIke nokarI svIkArI. 2-11-17nA divase godharAnI rAjakIya pariSada vakhate durgAbahena sAthe gAMdhIjI pAse AvyA ne chakI navebare gAMdhIjI sAthe caMpAraNanI yAtrAmAM joDAyA. 13mAM nebarathI temaNe DAyarI lakhavAne prAraMbha karyo ane 25-11-1917nA divase pitAnI rajA laIne gAMdhIjIne jIvana samarpaNa karI dIdhuM. teo 1918mAM amadAvAdanA milamajUronI laDatamAM, kheDA satyAgraha vakhate tathA sainikabharatInA kAmamAM gAMdhIjI joDe hatA. 1919mAM paMjAba pravezane manAI For Private and Personal Use Only

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navA a'bAhae yAsa hukama bhaMga karatAM gAMdhIjI pahelI vAra giraphatAra thatAM temaNe mahAdevabhAIne potAnA "vAsa" kahyA. mahAdevabhAIe potAne evo koI adhikAra na svIkAratAM hanumAnane Adarza rAkhe. te ja varSe teo sAbaramatI AzramamAM TAIphreMiDanI lAMbI mAMdagImAM paTakAyA. I. sa. 1921 mAM motIlAla naheranA rAjamAra patranA taMtrIpade teo alhAbAda gayA ane presa baMdha thatAM temaNe hastalikhita dainika kAryuM. 24-12-21nA roja teo pahelI vAra giraphatAra thayA ane jela gayA. I. sa. 1922mAM teo nainI, AgrA ane lakhanaunI jelamAM rahyA. lakhanaunI jelamAM paMDita javAharalAla naheru temanI joDe hatA. paNa temaNe A samaya daramyAna DAyarI nathI lakhI. A samaya daramyAna temaNe zaradabAbunI virAjavahu ane traNa vArtAone gujarAtImAM anuvAda karyo tathA urdU bhASA zIkhyA. jAnyuArInI 27mIe temane lakhanau jelamAMthI choDavAmAM AvyA. tyArabAda teo navajIvana mATe lakhavA lAgyA ane kAkAsAheba jela jatAM 'navajIvana'nA taMtrI banyA. A badhI ghaTanAonuM zrI nArAyaNa desAIe khUba ja saraLa ane prabhAvazALI bhASAmAM nirUpaNa karyuM che. lekhakanI prAsAdika ane madhura zailI pustakanI upayogitAmAM vadhAre kare che. 1924mAM epenDIsAITIsanA oparezana pachI pUnAthI jelamAMthI chUTatAM gAMdhIjIe jyAre kahyuM ke "navanIvana' ane "vaMja nikA'nuM taMtrIpada pote saMbhALI leze tyAre mahAdevabhAIne AnaMda laMkAthI pAchA AvI rAmacaMdra rAjyabhAra saMbhALyo tyAre bharata-zatrunane thayelA AnaMdathI lagIre ochA nahIM hoya. (54 340) aMgrejo vize gAMdhIjInI mukhya phariyAda e hatI ke temaNe A dezane zArIrika rIte, mAnasika daSTie ane AdhyAtmika dRSTie nAmarda banAvyuM. A vAta emaNe bIjarUpe hi tharAda mAM kahI che ane jIvananA aMta sudhI teo A vAta kahetA rahyA, mahAdevabhAI desAI 5NuM vividha rIte A vAtanI samajUtI ApatA rahyA. zrI nArAyaNa desAI jaNAve che tema mahAdevabhAInAM bhASyone lIdhe gAMdhIjInI vAta vadhAre saraLa ane vadhu sacoTa banatI. lekhakanA mata mujaba "1925 thI 1927, eTale ke gAMdhIjI koMgresanA pramukha banyA tyArathI bAraDolI satyAgraha thaye (1928) tyAra sudhInA kALanA mahAdevabhAInA jIvana vize je eka vAkya vAparavuM hoya te ema ja kahI zakAya ke te kALamAM temaNe gAMdhIjInI sevAmAM pitAnI jAtane zUnyavata banAvI dIdhI hatI. ema te gAMdhIjInI sevAmAM pitAnI jAtane zunya banAvavI e mahAdevabhAInA AkhA jIvanane maMtra che, paNa A kALamAM te vizeSarUpe eTalA sAru lAgu paDI zake ema che ke te vakhate mahAdevabhAI akhaMDa gAMdhIjInI sAthe ne sAthe ja hatA. (pR4 392 ) zrI nArAyaNa desAInA jaNAvyA pramANe "gAMdhIjInAM bhASaNanI ne dvArA mahAdevabhAIe bamaNa vaphAdArInuM kAma bajAvyuM. pahelI vaphAdArI gAMdhIjI pratye ke jene lIdhe emanA zabdone marma samajIne e zabdone jhIlyA. bIjI vaphAdArI deza pratye jenA lokone gAMdhIjInA dareke dareka bhASaNathI mahAdevabhAI e vApheka rAkhyA." (pRSTha 549) For Private and Personal Use Only

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agnikuMDamAM UgeluM gulAba , bIjI geLamejI pariSadamAMthI gAMdhIjI 1931nA Disembara mAsamAM khAlI hAthe pAchA pharyA te pachI temanI 1932nA jAnyuArInI 4 thI tArIkhe pAchI dharapakaDa thai. te vakhate mahAdevabhAI , paNu pakaDAyA ane mArca mAsamAM teo yaravaDA jelamAM gAMdhIjI sAthe joDAyA tyArathI prAraMbha : karIne 1933nA oNgasTanI 10mI sudhInI emaNe emanI DAyarIonA prathama traNa bhAgamAM gAMdhIjI, valabhabhAI ane pitAnI vacce thayelA vArtAlApa, saMvAda, aspRzyatAnivAraNuM tathA gAMdhIjInA upavAsa ItyAdeinAM suMdara citraNa ApyAM che. mahAdeva desAI gAMdhIjI mATe dAsa, saradAra mATe kheDUta ane pitAne mATe hamAla zabdano prayoga kare che. A badhI ja dhaTanAone nArAyaNa desAIe sAMgopAMga varNana karyuM che ne temanAM varNanamAM tathA temanI bhASAmAM svAbhAvika madhuratA tathA sundaratAnAM ApaNane darzana thAya che. have ApaNe 'agnikuMDamAM UgeluM gulAba' prakaraNa para vicAra karIe. jema " mahAdeva, UTho mahAdeva ! ogasTa 15, 194ra" A pustakanuM mahattvanuM prakaraNa che, tema A prakaraNa paNuM A pustakanuM mahattvapUrNa ane jIvananI vividha anubhUtionuM tAdazya varNana karatuM prakaraNa che. A prakaraNanA zIrSaka parathI ja graMthanuM zIrSaka nizcita thayuM che te sarvathA cogya che. 1938mAM orissAnA jagannAthapurI ji9lAnA DelAMga gAmamAM gAMdhI sarva sevA saMghanuM adhivezana maLatAM kasturabA, durgAbahena, lAMbahena ItyAdi bahene jagannAthapurInA maMdiranA darzane jAya che. mahAdeva desAI temanI joDe ja hatA. maMdiramAM jatAM badhAne kema na rokyAM e saMbaMdhI gAMdhIjIe mahAdevabhAI desAIne sakhata Thapako ApatAM pote gAMdhIjIne yogya nathI ema mAnI gAMdhIjIne choDI javAne nizcaya kare che, paNa gAMdhIjI temane choDIne javAnI rajA ApatA nathI. mahAdeva desAI gAMdhIjIne choDIne jAya te paNa durgAbahena tathA nArAyaNa desAI te gAMdhIjIne cheDIne javAnAM ja nahotAM. A ghaTanA dvArA kusumathI paNa mRdu gAMdhIjI pitAnA mAnasaputra, ziSya ane saciva pratye vajathI paNa kaThora kevI rIte banI gayA ane te vakhate mahAdeva desAInA manamAM UThatA bhAvonuM lekhake AbehUba varNana karyuM che. A pustakanuM nAma yajJakuMDamAM UgeluM gulAba' rAkhavAmAM Ave evo zrI nagInadAsa pArekhane mata hato ane te aMge temaNe nArAyaNa desAIne kahyuM paNa hatuM, paNa lekhakanA jaNAvyA mujaba mahAdevabhAI zahAdatanA prasaMge zAkasaMdeza mokalatAM ApaNuM rASTrIya zAyara zrI jhaveracaMda meghANIe temane mATe desAInI "agnikuMDamAM UgeluM gulAba' zabdano prayoga karyo hato. tethI etihAsika saMdarbhamAM A zIrSaka ja vadhu yogya che ema lekhakanA kathana sAthe ApaNe sau saMmata thaIzuM. * saMta sevatAM sukata vAdhe' nA lekhaka dvArA ApaNane temanA pitA ane gujarAtanA yazasvI sapUta zrI mahAdevabhAI desAInuM sarvAgasundara jIvanavRttAMta maLyuM che. mahAdeva desAInA avanavRttAMtanI sAthe sAthe ja ApaNane tatkAlIna gujarAtanI tathA bhAratanI rAjanaitika, aitihAsika, tathA sAmAjika sthitimAM paNa darzana thAya che. Ama " agnikuMDamAM UgeluM gulAba' kevaLa mahAdeva desAInuM jIvanavRttAMta na rahetAM bhAratanA nAgariko mATe rAjatika. vA. 17 For Private and Personal Use Only

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10 and 414 aitihAsika tathA sAmAjika paristhiti samajavA mATe amulya dastAvejanI garaja sAre che. A pustaka aMgrejI uparAMta bhAratanI vibhinna bhASAomAM anuvAda karavA cogya che. gujarA sAhityamAM te A pustake potAnuM agrima sthAna prApta karI ja lIdhuM che. ApaNe AzA rAkhIe ke zrI nArAyaNa desAI potAnI zaikSaNika tathA sAmAjika pravRttiomAMthI samaya kADhI AvAM bIjAM utkRSTa pustakonuM sarjana karaze. bI-2, AnaMdabAga (sAutha) navayuga skUlanI pAse, nyU samA roDa vaDodarA 390 008 nAlAla abAlAla vyAsa For Private and Personal Use Only

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra anyAyona www.kobatirth.org An cijJAnamayI mA gAyatrI : Alekha--zAntavanajI, prakAzaka-trimUrti krAsana, rilIph sinemAnI galI, plAjhA haoNTela sAme, amadAvAda 380001, AvRtti-1, pu. sakhyA 10+ 366 : kiMmata rU. 32-00 Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir - ekamevAdvitIya savyApI brahmanI sAthe tAdAtmya sAdhavAmAM madadarUpa thanAra gAyatrI eka adbhuta ma`tra che. veda e hiMndu dharmAMnuM vyavacchedaka lakSaNa che ane e vaidika vADmayamAM gAyatrI eka chaMda tarIke Ave che. enI vyutpatti japamAM kAmo evI ApavAmAM Ave che. gAyatrInI chaMda tarIkenI carcA lagabhaga moTAbhAganA dhyAAyumayAmAM maLI Ave che. vizvAmitra enA RSi che ane savitu enA devatA che. RgvedamAM savitAne sASAyelAM badhAM sUkatA gAyatrI chaMdamAM che. tripadA gAyatrIne vaidyanuM mukha gaNavAmAM AvyuM che, aSTAkSarA ane kAra sAthe traNatAM navAkSarA gAyatro evAM enAM be rUpo che. samaya jatAM pRthvIne ja gAyatrI nAmAbhidhAna maLyAnA ullekha zatapatha brAhmaNamAM Ave che. ( zatapathaH 6. 1.1.1 ) athava vedamAM gAyatrone mAtA kahI che. ( athava vaidaH 19,71.1 ) ane e mantrajapa karanArane dIrghAyuSa, saMtati, kIrti, nya, bAvarcas vagere badhuM ja maLI rahe che evA spaSTa ullekha che. gAyatrI eka chaMda teA che ja paNa sAthe sAthe eka mahattvanA mantra paNa che. smRtikALamAM gAyatrInuM, chanda karatAM paNa mantra tarIkenuM sthAna spaSTa rIte nakko thaI cUkaryuM che. vasiSTha dharmasUtra, zakhasmRti ane chelle manusmRtimAM pazu enI sArI evI carcA che. gAyatrInuM amRtamantra tarIke eka viziSTa sthAna che. gAyatrImantranA krAyika, vAcika ane mAnasika japathI parivruta thayelA mahAtmA pU. zAntavanajI mahArAjanI pavitra lekhinImAMthI A pavitra vicAradhana pustakarUpe bahAra AvyuM che lekonA hita mATe. nama dAtIravAsI pU. zAntavanajI mahArAja gAyatrInA parama upAsaka che, enuM zAazuddha vivecana karI jANe che ane tethI ja A pustaka samrAhI banyuM che. pustakamAM cAra khaMDa che. prathamakhaMDamAM (pR. 1 thI 134) upAsako mATe khUba upayukta mAhitI ApI che. dA. ta. gAyatrI mantranAM mULabhUta sALa a MgA, samagra yAganA cAra gAyatrI, anuDhDhAnakrama, pUrNAttuti ane laprApti jevA viSayAnI carcA Ave che. khInna khaMDamAM (pR. 137 thI 326 ) pratyakSa mantranAM dareka panI atyaMta zAstrazuddha carcA karI che. tAM bahuvidha tAparyAM, ' * bhUH bhUvaH . sva jevA viSayAne emAM samAveza thAya che. pU. zAntavananA bahuvidha abhyAsanAM darzana dareka sthaLe thAya che. trIjA khaMDamAM (pR. 327 thI 358) judA judA sAdhanAgayAgAnI vistRta mAhitI ApI che. dA. ta. mantralekhanaprayAga, yaHpAnayoga yiAdi, je sAdhakone mATe khUba upayogI che. cothA khaDa khUba nAnA che (pR. 360 thI 363) emAM rakta stavana ane zrI na`dAka ja ApyAM che. . " 6 pustakanI zarUAtamAM pU. zrIrAmazarmA AcArya jInA avinAza vyAsanI zaktizALI lekhanImAMthI Amukha atyaMta namrabhAve zarUAtamAM ja emaNe kahyuM che ke, " bArAkhaDIne ramADI ramAr3Ite keTalI ramADI zakuM? ' pR For Private and Personal Use Only bhAvakArAra che ane padmazrI astitvanuM mauna AlekhAyuM che. ...e mahAna ciSanA sAme huM

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Shri Mahavir Jain Aradhana Kendra 132 vijayA esa. leho A suMdara pustakamAM eka zapa jarUra che ane te addhienI. khAsa karIne sauMskRta .avataraNAtI-ke je sAMkhI levAmAM khUba mAnasika kaSTa thAya che. A pustaka gAyatrImantra vize che, paNa gAyatrImantra dareka sthaLe khATA lakhAyA che ane e hakIkata A pustaka mATe khUbaja hAnirUpa che. dhiyo yo na: ' te badale dareka sthaLe ' Siyo yoga: ', cheka pahelA pAnAthI chellA pAnA sudhI-lakhAyuM che. jue pAna naM 1 ( ke jyAM sakhIja gAyatrIma`tra lakhAyA che.), 51 136, 324, 334 vigere. tyAra bAda saskRta avataraNAnI AvI aneka bhUla batAvI zakAya ema chaeN. A uparAMta dhaNuM sthaLa avataraNAnA sadarbha ApyA nathI, jue pAna naM 83, 145, 181, vigere. yogya kALajI levAI hota to A bhUle TALI zakAI hota. evuM che. www.kobatirth.org C/o vizAkhA lele, madhuvana sAsAyaTI; Ara. vI. desAI reDa, jaDAdarA * Acharya Shri Kailassagarsuri Gyanmandir A bhUle bada karatAM ekadare A pustaka sAmAnya samAjane cokakasa upayogI nIvaDe sAbhAra-svIkAra ** agnimAM UgeluM. 'gulAma (mahAdevabhAinuM jIvanacaritra) : le. nArAya desAI, pra. matrI, zrI mahAdeva desAI janmazatAbdI samiti, gAMdhI smAraka sagrahAlaya, harijana Azrama, amadAvAda-380 027, x. AvRtti-1992, pR. * 20 + 40 " phATAe + 756 + 1-16 hastAkSaramAM lakhAyelA patrA, kiMmataH za. 50 = 00 vijayA esa. lele 2 gujarAtanI 'hi'dudevInu pratimA-vidhAna : ( I. sa. 1600 sudhI ) le. rAmajIbhAI ThAkarasIbhAI sAvaliyA, 'pre. AzutASa sAvaliyA, e-4, yajJapuruSanagara, OM kama cArI nagara zApiMga senTara pAchaLa, ratnApArka, dhATaleADiyA, amadAvAda-380 061, x AvRtti-1991, pR. 14 + 3 + 304 + 8, ki Mmata : ` rUA. 150 = 00. For Private and Personal Use Only 3 joDAkSaravicAra. le, munirAjazrI hitavijayajI mahArAja, pra. sva. mULIbahena aMbAlAla `stanaca'da khaMbhAtavALA, C/o. bI. e. zAha eNnDa bradharsa, 7, * jhaverIbajAra, muMbaI-400 002, 3. AvRtti, Ir sa, 2519, vikrama saM. 2049, I. sa. 1993, pR. 32 +196, phri'mata H 12500,

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mAbAra vIkAra 4 sagAda: le. sureza dalAla, 5. rajisTrAra, kImatI nAthIbAI dAmodara ThAkarasI mahilA vidyApITha, 1, nAthIbAI ThAkarasI roDa, muMbaI- 00, pra. AvRtti 1992, 5. 12 + 52, hiMmataH che. 30 = 00. 5 paMthakA paTa khela; saM, uSA Thakkara, pra. upara mujaba, pra. AvRtti: 1992, pR. 22 + 144, kiMmata : rU. 80 = 00. 6 rAjA rAmamohana roya : (paricaya pustikA pravRtti : 1821, Adya saM. vADIlAla DagalI), le. mugaTalAla bAvIsI pra. paricaya TrasTa, mahAtmA gAMdhI memerIyala biDiMga, netAjI subhASa reDa, canI raDa, muMbaI-400 002, e. Atti: pU. 32, kiMmata rUA. 4 = 07. , , " . " samaktivicA2 : (samyaga darzana vicAra) (prAkRta anya pariSada ansAMka-26), le. pAnAcaMda bhAIcaMda mahetA, ma. sekeTarI, prAkRta TeTa sosAyaTI, ela. DI. IsTiTa eka, InDoleMjI, navaraMgapurA, amadAvAda-380 009, pra. AvRtti 1993; . 16 + 108 + 1che, kimata . 30 = 00. For Private and Personal Use Only

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JOURNAL OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE M. S. UNIVERSITY OF BARODA, BARODA TL 1 Editor : R. T. Vyas . . Tho JOURNAL OF THE ORIENTAL INSTITUTE, BARODA is a Quarterly, published in the months of Soptember, December, March and June pvery year. SPECIAL FEATURES : : Articles on Indology, Vodic studies, textual and cultural problems of the Ramayana, Epics & Puranas, noticos of Manuscripts, reviews of books, survey of contomporary Oriental Journals and the rare works forming the Maharaja. Sayajirao University: Oriental Sories, are some of the special foatures of this Journal. . . . . . . . CONTRIBUTORS TO NOTE: . . . 1. Only typewritten contributions will be accepted. A copy should be retained by the author for any future reference, as no manuscript will be returned. 2. In the body of the article non-English stray words/Sanskrit/Prakrit line/vorse must be writton either in Devanagari or in transliteration with proper diacritical marks. 3. The source of citations/statements of any authority quoted should be invariably mentioned in the footnotos which must be written in the following order: (1) surname, initials of the author or editor, (2) title of the work, (underlined), (3) publisher, (4) place and year of publication and (5) page No. 4. Whonever an abbroviation is used in an article, its full form should be stated at the first oocurrence and should not be repeated. 5. Give running foot-note numbers from the beginning to the end of the article. 6. The copyright of all the articles published in the Journal of the Oriental Institute will rest with the M. S. University of Baroda, Baroda. SUBSCRIPTION RATES : ANNUAL : (From Vol. 40 onwards ) Inland Rs. 60- (Post-free), Europe PS0.00 (Post-free ) U.S.A. $ 20.00 (Post-free ) Subscription is always payable in advance. The yoarly subscription is accepted from September to August every year. No subscription will be accepted for less than a year. Subscription/Articles may be sont to :The Director, Oriental Institute, Tilak Road, Opp. Sayajigunj Tower, Vadodars-390 002, Gujarat, India. For Private and Personal Use Only

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Regd. No. 9219763 citra-1 saMDeranA mandira samuha [ citranI samajutI mATe juo A aMkamAM navInacaMdra AcAryane lekha ] mudraka : zrI prahalAda nArAyaNa zrI vAstava, meneja2, dhI ma. sa. yunivarsiTI oNpha baraDA presa (sAdhanA presa ), rAjamahela roDa, vaDodarA; saMpAdaka ane prakAzaka: mahArAjA sayAjIrAva yunivarsiTI opha baraDA vatI DaoN. rAmakRSNa tu yAsa, niyAmaka, prAcyavidyA mandira, ma. sa. vizvavidyAlaya, vaDodarA-360 002, gag, 1993. For Private and Personal Use Only