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First Chapter
qah Avadhi. Visual knowledge. Direct knowledge of matter in various degree with reference to 74 Dravya, subject matter; Kshetra, space Kala, time, and #1 Bhava, quality of the object known.
:49 Manah paryay. Mental knowledge. Direct knowledge of another's mental activity about matter.
tietty Kevala. Perfect knowledge. Omniscence; knowledge of all things in all their aspects at all times.
Each of these five kinds of knowledge can be considered in its aspect of the knower, the knowledge and the means of knowing, so far as the soul is concerned. The outward substances which are known are not included in this.
wa Shruta or scriputural knowledge is also called : प्राप्त पचन Apta Vachana. भागम Agama. उपदेश Upadesh ऐतिहब Attahaba
I Amnaya. प्रवचन Pravachan fora 797 Jina Vachan,
SUTRA 10 तत् प्रमाणे ॥१०॥
Tat-pramane They (1. e., five kinds of knowledge are) the two Pramanas (and no others).
The Pramanas are of two kinds
FA Pratyaksha Direct. This is Visual (afu) Mental (#79974) and Perfect (Pim) knowledge.
ale Paroksha, Indirect. This is Sensitive (afa) and ya Scriptural knowledge.
But other systems of Philosophy believe in the following Prananas:
nam Charvaka believes in the Pratyaksa (Perception) only.
& agtfra Buddha and Varsesika, believe in Perception and sanii Anumana ( Inference),
