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First Chapter
30 c
king Edward etc Or asking your boy: have you been to school ? "you" in grammar refers to more than one. Samabirudha, specific; Giving a word, one fixed meaning out of several which it has had. As "nut" by common consent of leaders of fashion and society has come to mean an extra smart man. 'Dreadnought which means the condition of fearing nothing, has come to mean a worship of a particular type. Evambhuta, Active. Restricting a name to the very activity which is conducted by the name, e g. calling Strat-ford-on-Avon hy that name, only so long as the town stands on the banks of the river Avon, and not after that, calling 'tripod as such, only when it has got three legs to suport it.
7.
Note III. Naya may he distinguished from Nikshepa. Nikshepa is an
a spect of the thing itself Naya is a point of view from which we make some statement about the thing The distinction is exceedingly fine at times, e. g. between Dravya nikshepu and Naiyananaya. In Dravy nikshepa we artıbute its past qualities to the object in the present, e.g., calling an exiled king, a king. We do the same in Narma Naya But the distinction is this: In Dravya Nakshepa, we know that the man bas been aking in the past the fact of his having been a king is the aspect of the man's personality which is denoted by Dravya Nikshepa Naigama Naya only refers to the mode of our speech, to the point of view from which we make the statement that he is hing If we consider the statement merely as such, its point of view is Nava, if we consider the fact which
Justifies the point of view it is Nikshepa. Note IV. Of the 7 Nazas, the first four Nargama, Sangraha, Vya
vahara, Ryu Sutra are Arthanava object stand point 1. e, stand points relating to the object considered The remaining three Sanda, Samabhirudha and Evambhuta are Sabda na ya word stand-point, 1.e. relate to the word by which object is expressed
Note V Paryaya or modification is (1) Sahabhavi, which co-exists with the substance always.
It is called Guna or attribute also, and (2) Krama bhayı,
