Studies In Sanskrit Sahitya Shastra

Author(s): V M Kulkarni
Publisher: B L Institute of Indology

Page 36

Studies in
Hemacandra (1088-1172 A. D.) while treating of this topic in his Kävyänusasana1 reproduces verbatim passages after passages from the Kavyamimas. He however. does not indicate his source.2
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Hemacandra does not give a definition nor the origin of the poetic conventions. If Rajasekhara divides the poetic conventions first under the headings Jäti, Dravya", etc., and then further into Satopyanibandhanam, etc., Hemacandra reverses this order. He ignores Rajasekhara's classification of the poetic conventions into Svargya etc. He brings under the heading 'niyama' all the Svargya and the Pataliya and Prakırṇaka -dravya-samayas of Rajasekhara.
Arisimha and Amaracandra (middle of the thirteenth century) in their Kavyakalpalatavṛiti treat of this topic. They appear to have made use of the Alahkaracintamani (and the works of Hemacandra and Rajasekhara) in their treatment of the Kavisamaya. They add only a few more conventions to the list already known, eg., (i) the celestial Gangă contains water-elephants (ii) the moonlight can be caught in the folded hands (iii) the valour is red and hot.
Deveśvara (beginning of the 14th century) in his Kavikalpalata treats of this topic. He seems to have borrowed freely from the Kavyakalpalatavṛtti. He omits a few lines from his predecessor and changes only a word here or there."
Viśvanatha (1300-1384 A. D.) in his Sahityadarpana (ch. VII) enumerates only. some poetic conventions mentioned by his predecessors and adds a few new ones, e.g.
i) With the advent of the rainy season the swans migrate to the Manasa lake. (ii) The Aśoka blooms beneath the touch of the beloved's foot. (iii) The Bakula, when sprinkled over with the wine of their mouths, blossoms. (iv) The necklaces on the breast of youthful lovers along with their hearts burst from the flames of separation. (v) The God of love bears a flowery bow furnished with flowery shafts and strung with a string of bees. (vi) His arrows pierce the heart of the young and so does the glance of a lady.
1 Edited by R. C. Parikh and published by Shri Mahavira Jain Vidyalaya, Bombay.
2 He defends literary borrowing in the opening passage of his Pramāṇamimāmsā thus.......
अनादय एवैता विद्याः संक्षेपविस्तर विवक्षया नवनवी भवन्ति तत्तत्कर्तु कान्ते ।... This passage reminds us forcefully of Jayanta's (9th Century) passage in the Nyaymañjari.... "fenfa mala àrafm विद्याः प्रवृत्ताः संक्षेपविस्तरविवक्षया तु तांस्तांस्तत्र कर्तृनाचक्षते ।”
3 He adds the word 'adi' after Jati-dravya-guna-kriya. He, however, does not indicate what other poetic conventions were meant to be covered by the word Adi.
4 KSS ed, 1931.
5 Bibliotheca Indica, ed, by Pt. S. C. Sastri, Calcutta, 1918.
6 e. g; Kavya-I. 5, 100b, 101b, 102a, etc.
7 eg विकाशिता for स्मेरता
भूत्वग् for भूर्जन्
8 Nirnaya Sagara Ed., PP. 436-438