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Studies in
(9) Paribhāvanā : Words full of curiosity or wonder on finding something extraordinary constitute paribhāvanā. Draupadi, who is doubtful whether war would break out between the Pāņdavas and the Kurus hears the war-drum that was being beaten loudly and repeatedly. Naturally she is struck with wonder and asks Bhima why it was thus being beaten.
(10) Udbheda : According to the NS., the Abh., the ND. and SD., Udbheda is the sprouting of the bija.50 Bhima's declaration of his determination to kill all the Kurus and not to see Draupadi before doing it (Veņi I. 26) illustrates it.
According to the DR., it is the disclosing of something previously hidden, Sāgarikā thus learns through the words of the bards that it was not the god of love whom the queen worshipped but Udayana the king for whom she was destined as a bride. As already said, it cites Veņi I. 24 also as an illustration of Udbheda.
(11) Karana (Kārana--NL.) is the beginning made (by the hero or the heroine) to accomplish the object of his desire. Sahadeva and Bhima thus announce at the close of Veņi I that they are proceeding to fight a battle against the Kurus.
The ND. sets forth the view of some theorists that Karana is the allaying of calamities. It is brought about by benediction or the like. Draupadi's benediction to Bhima—“May bliss attend on you, as on Hari prepared for battle with the asuras" illustrates this.
(12) Bheda is the exit of the characters from the stage in pursuance of their respective ends, Bhima thus at the end of Veņi I. addresses Draupadi, asks her not to be anxious on their (i.e. his and Sahadeva's) account as they are experts in warfare, indicates their readiness to join war and leave the stage. This is how the Abh. and the ND. understand Bheda.
The DR. defines it as 'the heartening up and cites the closing portion of the Veni I. as an illustration. Here Bhima cheers up Draupadi, who is overcome with gloom, by pointing out that the Pāņdavas are well-versed in the art of war.
The SD. defines it as 'a breach of union'. It quotes Veņi (p. 9) where Bhima speaks of breaking his alliance with his brothers as an example.
The ND. mentions yet another view which regards Bheda as the political expedient of that name whereby the adversaries standing in the way of realizing the aims of the hero are estranged.
of the twelve subdivisions of this sandhi the following six must always be used : 1 Upaksepa 2 parikara 3 parinyāsa 4 yukti 5 udbheda and 6 samadhāna.
The mukha sandhi is well illustrated by Veņi I. where the bija is seen in Yudhisthira's readiness to declare war on the failure of Krsna's mission of peace. Bhima's
50 The Abh. (III. p. 41) and the ND. (p. 32) particularly note that Udbheda does not mean Udghātana, which is connected with the pratimukha sandhi.
