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Sanskrit Sāhityaśāstra
113
of 'विरहः उपस्थितः' and 'ऊरुयुग्मं भग्नम्' the characters enter on the stage and abruptly remark '39ff4a:' and 71-774. In the passage from the Mudrārākşasa the character (Siddhārthaka) is already on the stage and his words 37657 Deat' get connected as a reply to the question agitating Cāņakya's mind.10
Rāghavabhatta points out Sakuntala IV. 3 as an example of the third Patākāsthānaka. No doubt, it is an excellent example of Patākāsthānaka but it cannot be taken as illustrating the third Patākāsthānaka as it does not satisfy the requirements of its definition. It would fall under the second variety.
The NS. defines the fourth Patākästhānaka as a statement, in verse (for purposes of rhetorical embellishment), which is paronomastic, is fittingly applicable in two ways and which also contains some suggestion relating to the future ‘prastuta' (the subject-matter or plot).
The stanza --Uddāmotkalikā etc.-quoted by the DR. as an example of Patākāsthānaka of the 'Tulya-višeşana species illustrates this Patākāsthānaka. The BP., the SD. and the R. quote this example. Here King Vatsa playfully suggests by using double entendre that his earnest gaze on the creeper, which has borne blossoms out of season, may cause jealousy in the queen. In the sequel the King's ardent gaze at Sāgarikā provokes Vāsavadattā's anger.
The NL. quotes a very fine example of this Patākāsthānaka from the Jānakirāghava. The stanza is full of paronomastic words. It is addressed by Rāma to Sitā. The stanza presages by a double entendre the Abduction of Sitā by Rāvana.11 The Abh. and the ND. quote Ratnāvali, Act I. 23 and the following speech of Sāgarikā as an example of this.12 The King's bard announcing the evening time employs paronomastic words and favours the action of the play enabling Sāgarikā to know that her ‘Kusumāyudha was none other than king Udayana himself whose bride she was intended to be by her father. 10. Ratnāvali Act. II. 4. It is worth noticing that the Abh. remarks :
उद्दामोत्कलिकां इति तु नोदाहरण, द्वयर्थताप्रतिपत्तावपि हि नात्रार्थन सहकारिता कुत्रचिदाचरिता । तस्मादेतद्वीथ्यङ्गस्य व्याहारस्यैवोदाहरणं युक्तम् ॥
Kane in his History of Sanskrit Poetics (p. 237) writes: "The age and its commentary Breton were probably composed before 37f7799 wrote the 37f777 hrat.” From this passage, however, we may safely conclude that Abhinava had the DR. in mind while making the pertinent remark and that the DR. with its Avaloka was definitely composed before Abhinava wrote the Abhinavathārati. 11. 19: atai alati
लङ्कासमृद्धिमापन्न: क्रीडारण्ये सपुष्पकः ।
कच्चिल्लोहितपत्रस्त्वामशोकोऽसौ हरिष्यतीति ।। where a means (i) the capital of Rāvana, (ii) branches.
7677 (i) Rāvana's celestial chariot, (ii) flowers and
qe (i) Rāvana's sword (or car), (ii) leaves. 12. The DR gives this to illustrate 'Bindu' (Germ.).
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