Vaishali

Author(s): Vijayendrasuri
Publisher: Kashinath Sarak
Catalog link: https://jainqq.org/explore/035295/1

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zrI yazovijayajI jaina graMthamALA *alcloblo 'to?ll313 eeehdxe-2090 : lp@ 1859 5222008 vijaya 0000000 0000 2000 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat desara saMdhana 192 muMbai -vijayendrasUri. bhAra. Me www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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verAvaLanivAsI udAradIla e chi vaya zrI yu tu hari dA sa saubhA gya ca dubhA InI A thi ke sahAyathI A pustaka pragaTa karavAmAM AvyuM che te badala temanA AbhAra mAnIe chIe. - prakAzaka,

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, 26. ( ) :: kAra ) : :::: : :: Sit: SONGS G. :: : L Girl :: ' vizAlI (jaina, bauddha ane vaidika zAstronA AdhAre vaizAlIne sthAna nirNaya ane mahAvIra svAmInA janmasthAnanA nirNayane saMzodhanAtmaka aitihAsika graMtha. lekhaka - A A A A A A 288 ho hara hara hara kadI , vidyAbhUSaNa, vijJAvallabha itihAsa tatva mahedadhi jainAcArya zrI vijayendrasUri onararI kArapenDenTa membara opha oriyenTala InsTiTyUTa opha prAga (celaivAkiyA) zika kakaka kakaka kakaka ja kAkI kAkI kAkI kAkI kAkI ka prakAzaka kAzInAtha sarAka yazodharma maMdira 166 marjabAna roDa, aMdherI , , muMbaI naM 4 Rii ja zakIza karuM ke jemAM karI zake che

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prAptisthAna sarasvatI pustaka bhaMDAra hAthIkhAnA, ratanapoLa amadAvAda, AvRtti-1000 vIra saMvata 284 kiMmata ra-0-8 vikrama saMvata 2014 mudraka 5. maphatalAla jhaveracaMda gAMdhI mudraNasthAna : nayana prInTIMga presa DhIMkavAnIvADI, amadAvAda

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zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra. [ kusAna kAlIna mathurAmAMthI prApta thayela prAcIna pratimA ] DaoN. vAsudevAraNa agravAlanA saujanyathI..

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rASTrapatine abhiprAya dezaratna DokaTare bAbU rAjendraprasAdajInI amUlya sammati na - 9ii take anya tra) 99M ta jayati e che 8 kI mRta mana | kha che ra che -- - - 96 khita ke janmanI na ra te je ja jabarI he'je zire - { ne na vo add jA ane 6 la aa che je jo ki jo ja che ke karI anya ka0 x jaLa ta . ke . che ke jo ta ha - ka na ka 1 ane 8 2 3 4 14 . bhAratavarSanA prAcIna itihAsamAM vaizAlInuM mukhya sthAna che. keTalAka divasothI vihArIoe tyAMnI smRti kAyama rAkhavA mATe meLo bharavo zarU karyo che. jemAM te saMbaMdhI aitihAsika vivecanA ane anya prakAranA sAMskRtika viSaya upara lekho vAMcavAmAM Ave che. zrI vijayendrasUrijIe jaina, bauddha ane vaidika dRSTithI videha, vaizAlI ane bIjA sthAnane bhaugolika etihAsika paricaya karA vavAne prayatna A pustakamAM karyo che, je stutya che. Ane vAMcIne pAThake enA mahattvane jANaze ane ItihAsanA eka prAyaH vismaraNa thaI gayelA pAnAne pharIthI sahelAIthI prApta karI zakaze.

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samarpaNa jemanuM sAnnidhya jIvana sAdhanAnuM apUrva sAdhana banyuM te prAtakaramaraNIya jagatapUjya mahAprabhAvaka zAstravizArada jainAcArya gurUdevazrI vijayadharmasUrIzvarajI mahArAjanA hatakamalamAM sAdara samarpita vijayendrasUri

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zAstravizArada jainAcArya zrI vijayadharmasUrIzvarajI mahArAja

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zuddhipatraka pRSTha paMkti ja azuddha etae Khown malinAtha, bhagavAna Appeare nadI tIreSu zuddha ettae Known malilanAtha bhagavAna Appear nadItIreSu A ja ka jana ra R 2 = baha(kalpasUtra Aja yuvarAjana praNAma vazAlanA 8 9 = $ bRhatka9pasUtra A ja yuvarAjanA khUNAmAM vaizAlInA khaMDa pramANe adhikAra triSaSTi niSkarSa prastAvanA $ khaDa pramANu AdhakAra triSASTi niSkarSa $ $ $ - 2 tapasyA bauhaune kiMtI bhAratamAM tapAsyA bauhone kiMvadantI pazcima bhAratamAM 2 -

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zrIjJAnanAlaMdAra ttasarI brahane jae gira vaSoSAdha vihAraMbhUmI kAlAga zAlIthI zrIjJAna nAlaMdAra tIsarI buddhane je gIdhAra viSauSadhi vihArabhUmI ke lAga vaizAlIthI

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prastAvanA prakAzakanA be khela 1 A kSetra ka jaina dRSTie 5 bauddha daSTie ga vaidika dRSTie 2 videha 3 viSayAnukrama ka jaina dRSTie kha bauddha dRSTie ga vaidika dRSTie zAlI * bauddha dRSTie kha vaidika dRSTie ga jaina dRSTie 4 vaizAlI athavA Adhunika asADha ka aniyA ane cakarAmadAsa kha kAg 5 vaizAlImAM cInIyAtrI ka kAhiyAnanuM yAtrAvaNana kha huenasAMganuM yAtrAvaNu na 6 kSatriyakuMDa 7 khATI dhAraNAo 8 Adhunika mAnyatA 9 upasa dvAra abhiprAya Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat pRSTha fy `m 1 da 8 10 10 11 12 17 17 19 20 21 28 29 32 37 34 35 47 61 www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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prastAvanA vikrama saMvata 2003, dharma saM. 24 piSa sudi 11nA meM "vaizAlI' nAmanA eka pustakanI hindI bhASAmAM racanA karI hatI. jenA pragaTa thatAM sAkSaro, aitihAsika ane aSakAe ene Adara pUrvaka vAMcI ane vakhANI paNa. paraMtu keTalAka rUDhi pUjAkAe enI samAlocanA karI ane eka bhalA sAdhue "kSatriya-kuMDa nAmanuM pustaka paNa enI viruddhamAM lakhIne saMvat 2006mAM mahA sudi 11nA jana prAcyavidyAbhavana amadAvAdathI prakaTa karyuM. je mane te ja varSamAM mArA Agara (mAlavA) nA caturmAsamAM maLyuM hatuM. meM tenuM sAMgopAMga avalokana karyuM ane mane temanI bAlizatA upara dayA AvI. mAre tarata ja teno prativAda karavA joItA hatuM. paraMtu keTalAka anivArya kAraNane lIdhe huM tene uttara na ApI zakyA. jyAre bIjI tarapha vihArane kAraNe jarUrI sAdhane meLavavAmAM paNa aDacaNa AvavA lAgI. ane jema jema huM e pustaka vAMcate gaye ane emAM ApelI navI navI dalIla ane kalpanAone vicAra karate gaye, tema tema mane ema paNa lAgyuM ke-saMsAramAM samaya samaya upara evA evA paNa lekhake pAke che, je AgaLa pAchaLa kaI paNa jAtane vicAra karyA vinA, pitAnI yegyatAne tapasyA vinA jama Ave tema lakhavA lAgI jAya che. emanA manamAM evI bhAvanA hoya che ke ame paNa vahetI gaMgAmAM DubakI mArI laie, etihAsika banI jaI e, ane potAnA nAmane vikhyAta karI laIe

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parantu lekhakane kadAca e bhAna nahIM rahyuM hoya ke AvI bhAvanA- - vALAonA bhAgyamAM yazane badale apazaya ja sadA rahelA hoya che. have huM keTalAka udAha ane muddAo ApIne lekhakanA bALapaNane vAMcakenI samakSa upasthita karIza. jethI emane khabara paDaze ke lekhakamAM keTalI yogyatA che. meM A navI AvRttimAM te te sthAne upara A viSayamAM ghaNuM lakhyuM che. chatAM eka ThekANe badhA mudAo bhegA karavAnI dRSTithI temaja paSTatAnA hisAbe te badhA muddAo upara ahIM saMkSepamAM vicAra karuM chuM - 1-vivAdane prathama muddo che "kSatriyakuMDa athavA "Dapura (bhagavAna mahAvIranA janma)nuM sthAna, huM lekhakanA mAnelA kSatriyakuMDane jADuM nathI mAnate paraMtu tene "sthApanA-tIrtha tarIke mAnuM chuM, mULa janma-sthAna tarIke nahi, kAraNa ke bhagavAnane janma videha-dezamAM thaye hatuM, aMgadezamAM ke. magadha dezamAM nahi ja. 2-giaurane rAjavaMza budelakhaMDathI krame krame vihAramAM Avyo hato. A rAjavaMzane saMbaMdha caMdravaMzathI hato. IkvAku kula ke kAzyapanA gotrathI nahi. nadivardhananA pUrva

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kozala dezamAMthI videha dezamAM AvyA hatA, eenA vaMza ane gotra paNa kamazaH IkvAku ane kAzyapa hatA. 3-bhagavAna mahAvIra addha-mAgadhI bhASAmAM upadeza ApatA hatA, tethI teo magadha dezanA hatA. A anumAna paNa yuktisaMgata nathI. lekhakamAM keTalI yogyatA ke buddhimattA che te AvA anumAnethI heje jaNAI Ave che ilekhakanI dhAraNAmAM "pAvApurI kSatriyakuMDanI ghaNI ja pAse hatI. ane AmAM teo kAraNa e batAve che ke bhagavAnanA nirvANanA samAcAra emanA moTAbhAI naMdivardhanane pAvApurIthI tarata ja maLyA hatA. paraMtu vartamAna pAvApurI e paNa sthApanA-tIrtha ja che, e lekhakanA dhyAnamAM nathI lAgatuM. asalI pAvApurInuM mUla sthAna bhUlAI javAthI lakAe magadhadezamAM AvelI vartamAna pAvApurIne ja mUla pAvApurI mAnI lIdhI che, je jamaNuM che. sarva sAdhana saMpanna ane zaktizALI rAjAonI AgaLa dara ane pAsene to koI prazna ja nathI raheto. eTale bhagavAna nanA moTAbhAI naMdivardhanane bhagavAnanA nirvANanA jaladI samAcAra maLI gayA tethI kSatriyakuMDane pAvApurInI pAse mAnavuM e vAtamAM paNa kaMI vajUda nathI. A vAtane ame AgaLa vistArathI carcazuM.

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parAjadhAnInuM parvata upara hevuM, Ane mATe "milinda-prazna' nAmanuM pustaka vAcavuM ane prAcIna varNanamAM paNa evA aneka udAharaNa maLe che ke jemAM rAjadhAnIo nadInA kAMThe vasAvavAmAM AvatI hatI. A muddAone have ame vizada rIte carcAe chIe. ane "kSatriyakuMDa' pustakanA mULa utArA ApIne ame tene javAba ApIe chIe... lekhaka lakhe che- parantu mAre sakheda lakhavuM paDe che ke A lekhakemAMthI kaI kSatriyakuMDa gayA ja nathI. teoe mAtra dUra beThA beThA pAzcAtya vidvAnonA vicAronA AdhAre ja A kalpanAonA killAo ubhA karyA che, -kSatriyakuM. pRSTha 15. (prastAvanA) jyAM sudhI mArI sAthe saMbaMdha rAkhe che lekhakanuM A lakhavuM nitAnta bhUlabhareluM che. kAraNa ke huM mArA jagapUjya guru mahArAja zrI vijayadharmasUrijInI sAthe vi. saM. 1964mAM sametazikharanI yAtrA karavA jatAM vacamAM kSatriyakuMDanI yAtrA karavA paNa gayo hato. ane tyAMnI bhIgelika paristhitinuM avalokana karyuM hatuM. bIjuM e paNa kaI niyama nathI ke lekhaka koI paNa viSaya upara pitAnA ghare besIne te saMbaMdhI badhI sAmagrI ane sAdhana meLavIne na

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lakhI zake? keTalAe siddhahasta lekhake potAnI pAse rahelI sAhityika sAmagrIthI ane te te pradezanA mAnacitro meLavIne pitAnI AvaDatathI vastu-sthitinuM suMdara rIte citraNa derI zake che, paraMtu jeone gatAgama nathI ane asalI sthAne javA chatAM jeonI pAse pUrI sAmagrI nathI, teo paristhitine UMdhI rIte ja cItarI nAkhe che. jevuM ke "kSatriyakuDa' nAmaka pustakamAM thayuM che. bAkI lekhakanI kalpanAnA viSayamAM teoe ja ka9panA karI che, te te sarvathA bhrAmaka che, jene satyatAnI sAthe jarAya saMbadha nathI. ane bhagavAna mahAvIra addha mAgadhI bhASAmAM bolatA hatA, tethI temane janma magadha rAmAM thayo hato. A pramANe jemanuM kahevuM che, te paNa yukti saMgata nathI. 1ardhamAgadhI bhASA ane brAhmIlipi A badhA 2pA AryadezanI bhASA ane lipi hatI. badhA loke samajI zake A udezane lakSyamAM rAkhIne bhagavAne adbha-magadhI bhASAmAM upadeza Apyo hato. kAraNa ke te bhASA te vakhatanI sArvatrika temaja sArvajanika hatI. tethI ardhamAgadhI bhASAmAM upadeza ApavA mAtrathI teo magadha dezanA hatA e ma kahevuM, satya nathI. bhASAthI je janma dezano nirNaya karavAmAM Ave to mahAtmA buddha zAkya-dezanA hatA ane upadeza ApatA hatAra mAgadhI bhASAmAM te zuM temane magadhavAsI 1- prajJApanA sUtra. pRi 56/ 2- pAlo preparanemsa DikanerI bhAga, 2 pRSTha 44

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kahIzuM? AjakAla 5. javAharalAla neharu aMgrejI-bhASAnI bhASaNa kare che to zuM temane aMgreja kahIzuM? mATe bhASAthI janma-dezane nirNaya thaI zaka nathI. AgaLa lekhaka lakhe che-"A rIte paNa magadhanI pAse agnikoNAmAM vaseluM kSatriyakuMDa e ja bhagavAn zrI mahAvIra svAmInI janmabhUmi hatI, evuM nakkI thAya che, - kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 14, (prastAvanA) uparyukta pustakanA lekhakanuM A kathana svayaM ja e vAtanuM sAkSI che ke magadhamAM temane janma hete the, paraMtu magadhanI pAse agnikhUNAmAM je kaI kSatriyakuMDa hatuM, te temanI janmabhUmi hatI. lekhakanuM e mAnavuM ke bhagavAne janma magadha dezamAM thayo hato mAtra bhrama che. AgaLa teo lakhe che -"A AkhAya praznane upalabdha pramANathI ghaNA pramANenA AdhAre ja nakkI thAya che, tene ja aMtima satya tarIke ApavAmAM AvyuM che." -kSatriyakuMDa, pRSTha 17 (prastAvanA) uparanuM ApanuM lakhavuM ThIka che, paraMtu je pramANenI cAlaNa Apane maLI che te barAbara nathI. tenA kANAo

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eTalA meTA che ke temAMthI pramANenA AdhArene ThIka ThIka vibhAga nathI thaI zake. AgaLa teo lakhe che-"bauddho zaMkarAcAryanA samayamAM hiMdamAMthI hijarata karI gayA. ane bAreka sadIo pachI pAchA AvyA. te daramiyAna teo bauddha tIrthabhUmiene bhUlI gayA hatA. jeno paNa eja arasAmAM hindamAMthI nahi kintu pUrvadezamAMthI hijarata karI gayA hatA. ane madhyahinda, pazcimahinda tathA dakSiNamAM pahoMcI gayA hatA. -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 3 sauthI pahelAM ApaNe zaMkarAcAryane aitihAsika samaya tapAsIe etihAsika I. san 788 thI 820 sudhInA samayane zaMkarAcAryane samaya mAne che. baladeva upAdhyAya I. sana 688 thI 720 mAne che. rAjendraghoSa zaMkarAcAryanI AyuSya 34 varSa mAne che, jyAre bIjA leke 33 varSa mAne che, aitihAsika vidvAne zaMkarAcArya utkarSakAla 758 thI 854 sudhIno mAne che. zaMkarAcArye jaina ane bauddhone hAMkI kADhayA hatA, e vAta kola-kalipata che. zaMkara-digvijaya'mAM je e lakhyuM che ke himAlayathI kanyAkumArI sudhI zaMkarAcAryane prabhAva hato, e te kevala kiMntI mAtra ane temanI mahimA vadhAravA mAtrano prayAsa ja che, enI koI vAstavika kiMmata nathI.

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zaMkarAcAryanA vakhatamAM na te bhAratamAMthI bauddho cAlyA gayA ane na jene e paNa pUrva bhAratane choDIne bhAratamAM prayANa karyuM. kAraNa ke te vakhate te bauddhonI bhAratamAM prabalatA hatI. tenuM eka prabala pramANa e paNa che ke keTalAka vaidika dArzanikee ravayaM zaMkarAcAryane "pracachana baddha'nI upAdhithI vibhUSita karyA che. zaMkarAcAryanI pachI paNa dasamI zatAbdimAM bakhtiyAra khIlajInA samayamAM nAlandAmAM bauddhonI vizva vidyAlaya cAlatI hatI. ane sana 1026mAM bauddha rAjA mahipAlenAlaMdA vizvavidyAlayane sahAyatA karI hatI. AThamIthI bAramI zatAbdi sudhI pAla vazI rAjAonuM ja rAjaya hatuM. teo moTA bhAge bauddhadharmanA ja anuyAyI hatA. ethI e . na kahI zakAya ke bauddho bhAratavarSane cheDIne bahAra cAlyA gayA hoya. ane e te bIlakula asaMbhava che ke teo zaMkarAcAryane kAraNe bhArata choDIne kyAreya hijarata karI gayA heya. AvI brAnta dhAraNAone utpanna karavAnA kAraNe ja "zaMkara-digvijaya eka aprAmANika graMthanI keTImAM AvI gaye che, tethI tenI kaI paNa vAta etihAsika daSTie satyanA purAvA tarIke sAbIta nathI thaI zakatI. jema AsetorAtuSArAddhiAnAvRddhavAlakam / na hanti yaH sa hantavyo bhRtyAnityanvazAnRpaH / / -mAdhavIya zaMkaradigvijaya, 1: 93

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arthAta-kanyAkumArIthI laIne himAlaya sudhInA bauddhone mArI nAkhavA joIe pachI te bALaka hoya ke vRddha, je Ama nahIM kare tene mArI nAkhavAmAM Avaze. ema rAjAe nokarane AjJA karI. have ame nIce keTalAka prasiddha aitihAsika granthanA avataraNa ApIe chIe, jenAthI e spaSTa jaNAI Avaze ke na kevala zaMkarAcAryanA vakhatamAM ja paraMtu tenA pachI keTalIya sadIo sudhI bauddhadharmanuM bhAratamAM astitva rahyuM che. 1 (ka) "nAlandA vizvavidyAlaya vihArapradeze avasthita haileu vAMgAlIrA IhAke ApanAra baliyA mane karitena e khAne bahu bAMgAlI chAtra o adhyApaka chilena / vaMgera pAlarAjAdigera zAsanakAle vihAra pradeza tAhAMdera zAsanAdhIna chila takhana tAhArAI nAlaMdA maThera adhyakSa niyuktakaritena / rAjA devapAladevera rAjatvakAle AcAryavIradeva evaM nayanapAladevera rAjatvakAle dIpaGkara zrIjJAnanAlaMdAra saMghasthavira niyukta hana !" -zrI zaratakumAra rAyakRta 'bauddhabhArata' pR.87 (kha) " caturyapratAndi haIte dvAdaza zatAbdi paryanta nAlandA vihAra virAjamAna chila / " -bhI zaratakumAra rAyakRta 'bauddha bhArata' pR. 100

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- (ga) " 1028 gvRSTAnde dIpaGkara tibbatagamana kariyA saMskAra kArye vratI iIyA chilena / trayodazI zatAbdIra prArambhe yakhana vaktiyAra vihAra jayakarena, takhana musalamAnega vikramazIlA bNskre| pAlavaMzIya zeSanarapati indradyumnera zAsanakAle eI zocanIyakANDa ghaTiyAchila / ai samaye zAkyazrI vikramazilAra pradhAnapurohita chilena / --zrI zaratakumAra rAyakRta 'bauddha bhArata' pR. 105 . (gha) "musalamAnera AkramaNe bauddhadharma bhAratavarSe haite vilupta haiyA chila / e kathA balile satyera apalApa karA hy| ei deze musalamAna zAsana pratiSThita hai vAra vahupareu uDiSyAya baudhadharma pracalita chil| musalamAnadera magadhajayera pareu dAkSiNAtya, gujarAta, o rAjaputAnAya bauddhadharma pracalita chil|" --zrI zarata kumAra rAyakRta 'bauddha bhArata' pR. 216 There are some inscriptions written in Nagari Characters, in indicate that Jetavan remained a centre of Buddhism in the 8th or 9th Century A. D. Even as late as the 12th Century the great Convent of Jatavan continued to be centre of Buddhist learning and culture where lived a large community of Buddhist monks enjoying the royal favour of the king of Kanauj.' -Sravasti in Indian Literature' M. A. ___S. I. No. 50 (B. C. Law) Page 33 convalhist learof Bud

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arthAta nAgarI lipinA keTalAka zilAlekhethI e nizcita thAya che ke "jetavana-vihAra' AThamI athavA navamI. zatAbdimAM "bauddhadharmanuM kendra hato. bAramI zatAbdi sudhI 'jetavana ne A. vihAra bauddha dharma ane saMskRtinuM kendrasthala banI rahyo hate. temAM kannojanA rAjAne kRpA-pAtra eka meTa bauddha bhikSu-saMgha rahetuM hatuM. ___ "harSavarddhana ke bAda nAlaMdA mahAvihArakA saMrakSaNa pradhAnatA pAlavaMzI rAjAoMdvArA hotA rahA / pAloMke AdhipatyakA sUtra AThavIM IsavI sadIke prArambhameM hotA hai| usa samayase bArahavIM sadI taka vizvavidyAlaya unhIMke saMrakSaNameM rhaa|... isa vaMzake aMtima rAjA 'govindapAla' kA nAma bhI nAlandAse sambaddha hai| 'aSTa sAhasrikA prajJApAramitA' kA eka pratilipa nAlandA meM govindapAlake rAjyake cauthe varSa (i. sa. 1165) meM taiyyAra huI thii|" --dvivedI abhinandanagrantha, nAlandA vizvavidyAlapa lekhaka-vizvanAtha prasAda, pRSTha 320 4 " isavI pUrva tasarozatAbdise I. sa. kI bArahavIM zatAbdi taka sAranAtha bauddhadharmakA eka pradhAna kendra banA rhaa|" --sAranAthakA saMkSipta paricaya avataraNikA pRSa-1 5" ityeva nayarIe buddhAyayaNaM cii jatya samudavasIyA

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karAvalla, nariMdakulasaMbhUyArAyANo buddhabhattA anavi niyadevayassa purao mahagyAllaM pallANiyaM alaMkiyaM vibhUsibhaM mahAturaMgamaM ddhoaNti|" --ninAmata-vividhatIrthaha5, 4 70. arthAta--"A nagarImAM bukramaMdira che, jemAM samudravazanA "karAvala narendrakulasaMbhUta buddhabhakta rAjA Aje paNa (jinaprabhasUrinA samayamAM caudamI zatAbdimAM paNa) pitAnA devanI AgaLa mahAkiMmatI nathI alaMkRta-suzebhita evA moTA ghoDAne samarpaNa kare che." A ame DAka granthanA ja pramANe ApyA che. AvI rIte bIjA grAnA paNa pramANe ApI zakAya che. jenAthI e nirvivAda siddha thAya che ke zaMkarAcAryanA samayamAM ane temanI pachI paNa keTalIye sadIo sudhI bauddhadharmanuM astitva ja nahi, paraMtu ghaNI moTI saMkhyAmAM temanA anuyAyIo paNa bhAratavarSamAM rahyA hatA. udAharaNa mATe juo - "buhacaryA' pR 12-10 "eka tarapha ("zaMkara digvijya jevA granthAnA lekhake tarapha )thI te e kahevAmAM Ave che ke zaMkare bauddhone bhAratamAMthI hAMkI kADhayA hatA, jyAre bIjI taraphathI (aneka etihAsika vidvAne taraphathI) ame emanA pachI paNa Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat www www.umaragyanbhandar.com

Page #27
13 gauDadeza ( vihAra-khaMgAla )mAM pAla-vaMzIya baudgha rAjamAnu pracaMDa pratApazAlI sAmrAjaya phelAeluM joIe chIe. ane teja vakhate uddantapurI ( vihAra-zarIpha ) ane vikramazilA jevAM au vizvavidyAlayeAne sthApita thayelAM joie chIe. Aja vakhate bhAratIya bauddhone ame tibbata para dharmaviSaya karatAM paNa jAI e chIe. 11 mI sadImAM uparyukata 'zaMkara digvijaya'nI daMtakathAnA AdhAre kAI paNa bauddha na DhAvA joie. te vakhate paNa tibbatathI keTalAya bauddo bhAratamAM Ave che ane te badhe ThekANe bauddha gRDayA ane bauddha sAdhuone jove che..........gauDa rAkhta te musalamAnAnA vihAra- * baMgAla upara vijaya prApta karavA sudhI bauddhadharma ane kalAnA saMrakSaka hatA. aMtima samaya sudhI teonA tAmrapatro mudda bhagavAnanA prathama dharmopadeza sthAna 'mRgadAva (sAranAtha) nA sUcaka ' be haraNAnI vacamAM rAkhe...AM cakrathI suobhita hatAM. goDadezanA pazcimamAM kAnyakubja (kannauja) nuM rAjya hatuM. je yamunAthI gaMDakI nadI sudhI phelAyelu hatuM. tyAMnI prajAmAM ' ane rAjAomAM baudha pratye atyanta mAna hatuM. A vAta jayacaMdranA dAdA govindacandre (I. sa. 1114-1145) jetavana vihArane ApelA pAMca gAmAnA dAna-patra uparathI tathA temanI rANI kumAradevIe banAvelA sAranAthanA mahAboEma dirathI jaNAya che. gAvindacandranA pautra jayacantanI eka khAsa rANI

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bauddha dharmAvalambinI hatI. jenA mATe lakhavAmAM AvelI "prajJA pAramitA"nI pustaka haju paNa nepAla darabAranA pustakAlayamAM majada che, buddhacaryA pRSTha 13. zuM enAthI e siddha nathI thatuM ke zaMkaravaDe bauddha dharmane dezanikAla e kalpanA mAtra che. zaMkarAcAryane janma samaya I. sana 788 ( vikrama saM. 845) mAnavAmAM Ave che. teoe te vakhate dakSiNamAM zerImaTha, pazcimamAM dvArakAmaTha, uttaramAM badarI kedAramaTha, ane pUrvamAM purImAM govana maThanI sthApanA karI hatI. ethI jaNAya che ke e vakhate emane utkarSa bhAratanI cAre dizAmAM hato, evI sthitimAM "kSatriya-kuMDanA lekhakanuM e kahevuM sarvathA anucita che ke jene paNa AThamI sadImAM pUrvadezamAMthI uttara, pazcima ane dakSiNa tarapha cAlyA gayA hatA. kAraNa ke . uparanI traNa dizAomAM paNa zaMkarAcAryanA maThA hatA, ane temane prabhAva paNa vadhato jato hato. tethI zaMkarAcAryanA nUtana advaitavAdanA darzanane kAraNe jainenuM pUrva dizAne choDIne bIjI dizAomAM javuM baMdhabesatuM nathI. kAraNa ke jenA ahiMsA, aparigraha Adi siddhAnto temaja - anekAnta darzana, eTalA prabaLa hatA ke teo advaitavAdanI yaktio AgaLa barAbara TakI zake tevA hatA. bauddha dharmane lopa kevala zaMkarAcAryane lIdhe nathI thaye, zaMkarAcAryanA pachI paNa ghaNA vakhata sudhI bauddha dharma A dezamAM TI myo hate.

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jemake ame AgaLa lakhI cUkayA chIe. enA cheDI javAnuM kAraNa bIjuM che ane temAM khAsa karIne musalamAnonAM ajJAnamUlaka dharmavaMzI AkramaNe hatAM musalamAnanI dhanyatA ane karatAnA kAraNe bauddha dharma TakI na zakya. bIjuM hinduee bauddhane viSNune avatAra mAnIne potAnAmAM bheLavI lIdhA. jene te te vakhate paNa A dezamAM unnata mastake TakI rahyA hatA. ane zaMkarAcAryanA advaitavAdanI temanA upara kaMI paNuM asara na thaI. hA, eTalI vAta jarUra che ke teo paNa keTalAka aMze bauddhonI mAphaka hindu (vaidika) zAsakenA atyAcAranA bhoga banyA hatA. AgaLa lekhaka lakhe che-"....ane muIthI pazcimamAM 14 mAIla dUra nadI kAMThe lachavADa gAma che, je licchavionI bhUmi hatI." -kSatriyakuMDa pR4-4 kSatriyakuMDa jatAM pahelAM lachavADa gAmamAM rahevuM paDe che. A nagara licchavi rAjAonI rAjadhAnI tarIke prasiddha che -jene tIne ItihAsa pRNa 485 muMgera jillA gejheTiyaranA pRSTha 228mAM lakhyuM che ke-I. sa. 1874mAM murzIdAbAdavALA rAya bahAdura dhanapatasiMhajIe ahIM derAsara ane dharmazALA baMdhAvyA hatA, tyArathI

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lachuADathI kSatriyakuMDa javAne A mArga zarU thaye che. e pahelAM leke mathurApura thaine kSatriyakuMDa jatA hatA. e prAcIna tIrthamALa saMgraha" bhAga-1 saMvata-1750 mAM paM. saubhAgyavijyajI racita tIrthamALA, bIjuM lichivionI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI nagarI hatI. lachavADa nahi. vaizAlI ane lachavADane eka samajIne lekhakane A brAnti thaI lAge che. bAkI vaizAlI pAse gaMDakI nadI hatI, e nakara vAta che. -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 32, 34, lekhake vaizAlI samajIne A vAta lakhI che. paraMtu liSNuDanI pAse gaMDakI nahI nathI, e te bahuAra (Bahaar ) nadI che, je laMbAImAM mAtra ATha-nava mAIla che-- o mAnacitra 72, ela. 1) vaLI AgaLa jatAM lekhaka lakhe che ke-"mArA pAse vaDa nadI che. -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 46. A nadInuM sAcuM nAma vaDa nathI paratu baranara ( Barnar ) che. (jUo mAnacitra 72, ela. 5) cikanAnI caDAvathI pUrvamAM 6 mAIla jatAM levApAnI nAmanuM sthAna Ave che............. A bhUmi ja asalamAM la0 mahAvIranuM "janmasthAna che, jenuM bIjuM nAma pariyaDa che-sariyaDa pRSTha-5

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* lekhakanI mAnyatA pramANe je "ghApAnI" ne ja asalI "kSatriya-kuMDanI bhUmi mAnavAmAM Ave to paNa temane vartamAna "kSatriya-kuMDa' sthApanA tIrtha ja mAnavuM paDaze. zrIjinaprabhasUrie "vividha tIrthakalpa'nI racanA karI che temAM te A "kSatriyakuMDanuM nAma mAtra paNa nathI. nIcenI tIrtha mAlAeAmAM kSatriyakuMDanuM nAma Ave che. saMvata 159pamAM paM. haMsaseme racelI "pUrvadezIya citya-paripATI." saMvata 1664mAM paM. jyavijayajIe racelI "sammatazikhara tIrthamALA' saMvata 1717mAM paM. vijayasAgarajIe racelI "sakhkhatazikhara tIrthamALA saMvata 1946mAM paM.zIlaviyajIe racelI tIrthamALA. saMvata 1750mAM paM. saubhAgyavijayajIe racelI tIrthamALA giranA rAja pitAne rAja naMdivardhananA vaMza ja tarIke oLakhAve che. atyAre enI rAjadhAnI paraSaDAmAM che." - triyakuMDa pRSTha 6

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mahArAjA giddoranA saMbandhamAM "muMgera-jillA-darpaNa" nAmanI pustakamAM pRSTha 45-46mAM nIce pramANe lakhyuM che "yahAM eka bahuta purAne gharAneke rAjapUta jamIMdAra rahate haiN| inake pUrvaja pahale buMdelakhaMDake mahobA rAjyake svAmIthe / inako dillIke antima hindU rAjA pRthvIrAjane harAyA thaa| musalamAnoMse khadeDe jAne para ye loga mirjApura Aye / yahAMse vIravikramazAhane Akara muMgera jilemeM apanA rAjya kAyama kiyaa| zurUmeM ina logoMne khairA pahAr3Ike pAsa apanA kilA banavAyA jahAM aba bhI usake cihna maujUda haiN|" A uparanA uddharaNathI e jaNAI Ave che ke vartamAna giddara nRpatinA vaMzajo bula khaMDanA mahAnA rAjyathI anukrame AvIne ahIM vihAramAM rahyA hatA. AnA rAjyanuM nAma giddora, vaMzanuM nAma cadela athavA caMdravaMzI tathA gotranuM nAma candrAya hatuM. teja pramANe jUo-hindu bhAratanA utkarSa, lekhaka cintAmaNi vinAyaka vaidya pRSTha 63 tathA enI rAjadhAnInuM nAma parakhA nahi paraMtu pasaMA che. bIju A tarapha bhagavAnanuM netra kAzyapa hatuM. je kalpasUtranA nIcenA avataraNathI jajI Ave che.

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" nAyANaM khattiyANaM siddhatthassa khattiyassa kAsava ytara* -zrI kalpasa, sutra 29, sana 1941 amadAvAda, tathA vaMza "jJAtRvaMza ne arthe AvazyarUrNimAM vRSabha ravAmInA parivAranA ke karyo che je IkvAkuvaMzanuM ja nAmAMtara che. NAtA NAma je usamasAmissa sayanijjagA te NAtavaMsA / -AvazyakarNi bhAga-1, pRSTha 245 zrI jinaprabhasarie kahapasatranI "saMdeha viSaSAdha' vRtti (pRSTha 30,31)mAM Aja artha karyo che, je ame nIce ApIe chIe. tra jJAtA bIjAmasvaganapaMcanA vAraMvAra " "ghAtA rAjIva vizeSA -kalpasUtra, saMdehaviSauSadhi, nirmita saM.1364 ayodhyA A badhA pramANethI e jaNAI Ave che ke bhagavAna mahAvIranA pUrvaje pahelA kozala dezavAsI hatA. jemanI rAjadhAnI ayodhyA hatI. te pachI "giDhora rAjA naMdivardana vaMzanA hatA." eno meLa kevI rIte besI zake che!

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lekhaka lakhe che - saMzodhake vaizAlI pAse besADamAne che. -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 27 saMzodhake vaizAlI pAse sADhane mAnatA nathI, paraMtu vesAhane ja vaizAlI mAne che. matalaba ke vaizAlIne sADha judA judA nathI. AgaLa lekhaka lakhe che jo ke digambara zAstromAM bha0 mahAvIra svAmIne janma kuDapuramAM ja batAvyuM che..... -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 27 jema digambara videha dezamAM AvelA kuDapurane bhagavAnanuM janmasthAna mAne che. tevI ja rIte zvetAmbAe paNa Aja kuDapurane bhagavAnanuM janma sthAna mAnyuM che "jue kalpasUtramULasatra-66, 100, 101). Aryadeza ane kSatriyakuMDa AvuM mathALuM lekhake ja rAkhyuM che te bIlakula asthAne che. tIrthakaronI kalayANuka bhUmio ane vihAra bhUmie badhI AryadezamAM ja hoya che, pachI ene vivAdArapada ke praznArtha banAvIne e khulAso karavo ke-"tIrthakaronI kalyANaka bhUmio ane prAyAvihAra

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bhUmio te dezamAM ja AvelI che, lachavADa pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa tathA vaizAlI pAsenuM vAsukuMDa AryadezamAM che.' -kSatriyakuMDa, pRSTha 28, 29 bilakula anucita temaja asthAne lAge che je vAtamAM kAI vivAda ja nathI te vAtane cheDIne teno nIveDo lAva emAM keI navInatA nathI evuM koNa kahe che ke "kSatriyakuMDa athavA "vAsakuMDa AryadezamAM nathI, te sivAya vihArabhUmiene je "prAya vizeSaNa ApavAmAM AvyuM che, te te sAva nirarthaka che. kAraNa ke vihArabhUmie AryadezamAM ja hoya che, bahAra nathI hotI. tethI "prAya zabdane te kaMI artha ja rahetA nathI. prAyane artha to tyAre ucita lekhAta ke je ekAda vihArabhUmi AryadezanI bahAra paNa heta. bIjI vAta A prasaMgane laine AryadezanI sImAone bAMdhavAnA viSayamAM che. bhagavAne kevalajJAna prApta karyA pachI AryonI sImAmAM je nyUnatA karI ane e nizcita karyuM ke"mghaa kosaMviyA, zRNAvisao kuNAlavisao ya / esA vihAraMbhUmI, etAvaMtA'riyaM khetaM / ' ni. 3262 -bRhatkalpasUtra bhAga. 3 pRSTha 913 thI AtmAnaMda jaina sabhA (bhAvanagara) prakAzita

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Ane laIne Ape pitAnA manathI je zaMkA samAdhAna karyuM tene paNa ahiM A koI sthAna nathI. kAraNa ke bhagavAne pitAnA samayamAM AryadezanI je maryAdA bAMdhI lIdhI hatI. temAM vaLI pAchuM AryadezanI aMdara ja temane "dharma-pradhAnabhUmi' kahevI. ene kaMI artha nathI. dharmapradhAna bhUmi ja AryabhUmi che. bhagavAne pratipAdana karela Arya-bhUminI bahArane pradeza anArya ja che. samaya samaya upara Aryadeza anAryadeza thaI jAya che. ane anAryadeza Arya-deza thAya che. samrATe saMpratinA samayamAM bhagavAne je pradezane anAryo ghoSita karyo hato te paNa Arya thaI gaye. bAkI rapA Aryadeza hamezAMnA eja che. temAM bhagavAne potAne kevalajJAna thayA bAda kaMika ghaTADo karyo hato ane samrATa saMpratie te rapA AdezanI bhUmimAM paNa vizeSa vadhAre karyo hate. bhagavAne kevalajJAna prApta karyA pachI ja Aryadeza ane vihArabhUminI sImA bAMdhI, teTalI ja temanA samayamAM Aryadeza ane vihArabhUmio hatI. te sivAyanA badhA anAdeza ane avihAra bhUmio hatI. bhagavAne batAvelI bhUmione dharma pradhanabhUmi' kahIne tenI bahAranI rakSA dezonA aMdaranI bhUmine Arya mAnavI e ucita nathI. jo Ama ja "Arya dezanI kalpanA karavAmAM Avaze te pachI bhagavAne potAnA samayamAM "Aryadeza" ane "vihAra-bhUminI ja maryAdA bAMdhI

Page #37
tene kaMI paNa artha nathI. je rapA Aryaze ja badhA uttara-deze hatA, te pachI bhagavAne bAMdhelI sImAnI aMdaranA ja "Aryadeza mAnavA ane teTalI ja "vihAra-bhUmi' batAvavI nirarthaka thaI jaze. tethI ApanuM e lakhavuM--"AthI sADI paccIsa Aryadeze che ane madhyanA amuka deze pradhAna dharmabhUmi che, ema mAnavuM tarkasaMgata samanvaya che.kSatriyakuMDa.... | pRSTha 29 bilakUla asaMgata che. Aja sudhI itihAsa e sAbIta nathI karI zake gaMgAnA dakSiNamAM maenuM rAjya hatuM. malla ane malaya ne eka mAnavA e paNa ajJAnatAnuM sUcaka che. kAraNa ke ma nuM rAjaya gaMgAnI uttaramAM hatuM. "tema magadha, aMga, mALavA, sidhu, sIvIra vagere eka hathu sattAvALA eka sattAka aneka rAjyo paNa hatA." -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 31. sidhu-sauvIra alaga alaga rAja na hatA. tene rAjA eka ja hate. AgaLa lekhaka pRSTha 32 upara paM. kalyANavijayajI ane mArI vacce matabhedano ullekha kare che. saMbhava che 5. kayANavijayajI ane amArI vacce koI viSayamAM matabheda hoya paraMtu kSatriya vaizAlInI pAse hatuM. emAM te jarAye matabheda nathI.

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vaizAlI ane vANijya gAmanI vacce mAtra jaLamArga ja hatA rathaLa mArga ke pula na hate." --kSatriyakuMDa paddha 2. A lakhavuM yukti saMgata nathI, kAraNa ke vANijaya grAma javAne jema jaLa mArga hatuM, tema kSatriyakuMDathI karmAragAma, kAlAga sanniveza thaIne vANijaya gAma javAne sthalamArga paNa hatuM. kAraNa ke bhagavAna jayAre vANijyagrAma padhAryA ane bahAra kripalAza cityamAM UtaryA tyAre zrI gautamasvAmI bhagavAnanI AjJA laI vANijya gAmamAM gocarI gayA ane pAchA vaLatA pAsenA kollAga-sannivezamAM jyAM AnaMda zrAvake saMthAro karyo hato, tyAM gayA ane tyAMthI pAchA AvyA eTale vANijya grAma AvavAnA jala mArga ane sthalamArga (pulamArga) ema bane mArgo hatA. kSatriyakuMDa vaizAlInI samIpamAM hatuM e vAta te have nirvivAda siddha thaI cUkI che. mahAparinivANasatta' e dIghanikAyane ja eka bhAga che, e vAta lekhakanA dhyAnamAM nathI lAgatI. tethI "kSatriya-kuMDa' pRSTha 3ra upara bannene judA judA lakhyA che. zrI AcArAMga sUtra" tathA "kalapasatramAM ullekha che ke, bha0 mahAvIre vaizAlI nagarI ane vANijya gAmanI nizrAe bAra comAsAM kya." -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 3

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bhagavAnanA cemAsAnuM varNana mAtra kalpasUtramAM ja Ave che, AcArAMga savAmAM nahIM. vaizAlI nAza pAmI che, paNa Aje tenA sthAne vesADagaDha, je paTaNAnI uttare 27 mAIla dUra che." -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 34 vaizAlInA rathAne besADa gaDha nathI, paraMtu prAcIna vaizAlIne ja AjakAla vesAha le che. ane enI pAse ja gaDha che. vaizAlI paNa sarvathA nAza na hatI pAmI. AgaLa lakhe che - "kuDapurane badale vAsukuMDa zabda bane tene AdhAra pATha, paNa maLato nathI." kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 35. zaherAnA nAmamAM sarvathA 59 kema Ave che te mATe huM tamane mArA gAmanuM udAharaNa ApuM. sanakhatarAnuM pahelA nAma hemanagara hatuM. je ToDaramala rAjAnA chokarA hemarAjanA nAma uparathI paDayuM hatuM. paraMtu pAchaLathI sanakhatarA. nAmanA sAdhu uparathI tenuM nAma sanakhatarA paDI gayuM. eTale gAmanA nAme paNa sarvathA badalAtA rahe che. paraMtu A sADa ane baniyA vacce Aje te nadI nathI e vAta cokkasa che." -rAtriya, uSa A

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AjakAla vasADha ane baniyAnI vacamAM gaMDakI nadI nathI, parantu nadInA to pravAha badalAyA kare che, jenA aneka daSTAnto che, ane te vakhatanI arthAta 2500 varSa pahelAnI vAtane AjakAlanA samaya sAthe meLa besADo e kayAM sudhI ucita che? .. ane brAhmaNa gAma vagere zabado vaparAyA che. tethI samajAya che ke, kaMDapura nagara hatuM tenA be bhAga hatA. 1 pUrva mAM brAhmaNakuMDanagara ane 2 pazcimamAM kSatrijDanagara. -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 36 brAhmaNagAma to rAjagRhathI caMpA jatA mArgamAM AvatuM hatuM ane e kaI grantha nathI ke jemAM brANAkaMDa' gAmane brAhmaNa gAma lakhavAmAM AvyuM hoya. brAhmaNa gAmamAM nanda ane upananda nAmanA be bhAIo rahetA hatA. parantu teo brAhmaNa hatA, evuM kayAMya nathI lakhyuM. " A brAhmaNa grAma" teja "brAhmaNakaMDa gAma hoya to nakkI che ke kaMDapura gaMgAnI dakSiNe hatuM." -kSatriyakuMDa, pRSTha 10. paMkita 22-23 A vAkyathI e jaNAI Ave che ke lekhaka pote paNa A viSayamAM zaMkAzIla che.

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vaizAlI pAse dUti palAza caitya hatuM .zAla jhADa bahu heya e hisAbe paNa tyAM pahADI ke UMcI nIcI bhUmi hovAnuM kalpI zakAya che.? -kSatriyakuMDa, pRSTha 38. dUtipalAza caitya vaizAlInI pAse na hatuM, paraMtu te te vANijya gAmanA IzAna (uttara pUrva) khuNAmAM hatuM. vaizAlInI pAse "mahA-vana hatuM. tyAM koI pahADInI kalpanA karavI te paNa asaMgata che. "Ma havana A wood near vesali. It was partly natural, partly man-made and extended up to the Himalaya." -Di.of Pali Proper Names bhAga 2, pRi 555 artha-mahAvana nAmanuM vaizAlI pAsenuM jaMgala ane keTalAka bhAga kudaratI hatI ane keTaleka bhAga mANaso dvArA banAvela hato. ane je himAlaya sudhI phelAyeluM hatuM. e koI niyama nathI ke jyAM zAlanA vRkSo hoya tyAM pahADa ke pahADI hevI ja joIe. kSatriyakuMDa' pRSTha 32 nA zaizAlInA gAmo' mathALA nIce "satta-nipAta mAM AvelA 16 jaTAdhArIonA vihA

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ranA nagaronuM varNana che. je bIlakula asaMgata che. kAraNa ke mathALuM ApyuM che "vizAlInA gAma ane tenI nIce varNana ApavAmAM AvyuM che, sudUravatI gAme ane nagaronuM. te dara rahelA gAmo ane nagarane vihAra-kama A pramANe che - ""alathI nIkaLI kauzAmbI 1, sAketa, 2, (adhyA) zrAvastI 3, vetAmbI 4, kapilavastu 5, kuzInArA 6, kuzInagara) pAvA 7, bheganagara 8, vaizAlI 9, ane magadhapura 10 1 juo-dIdhanikAyanI sumaMgala vilAsinI TIkA bhAga-1, peIjha 309 , A badhA gAma ane nagara prAyaH vaizAlIthI ghaNuM dUra che. allaka paNa vartamAna "oraMgAbAdInuM nAma che. jyAre ghaNA AghA rahelA nagaro ane gAmanA nAmo ApyA che, pachI. emane "vaizAlInA gAme " zA mATe kahyA ? A eka ghaNI ja meTI asaMgatatA A pustakamAM rahelI che, jeno lekhake jarApaNa vicAra ja na karyo. AvI ja rIte "mahAparinivvANuM satta antargata rAjagRha, aMbalayikA, nAlandA, pATaligrAma (paTanA), bheganagara, pAvA ane kuzInArAnA saMbaMdhamAM samajavuM. A paNa badhA "zAlIthI dUra rahelA nagaro ane gAmonuM varNana che. bIjI Apatti janaka vAta e che ke "kuzInArA ane maMdira A be alaga alaga nAma nathI paratu ekaja nagara,

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29 nu nAma cha. bhUsamA 7 "kusInAraM ca maMdiraM / " 'mara' zahanA artha 'nA' paNa yAya cha. gama.... "mandiro makarAvAse mandiraM nagare gRhe"624 iti haimaanekaarth|| "agAre nagare puram // 183 // mandiraM ca" iti amarakoSaH tRtIyakANDa, pRSTha 235, saMvata 1986. bhAna artha 'nagaraM mandiraM dugai-' bhojakRta samarAGgaNa sUtradhAra bhAga-1, pRSTha 86, gAyakavADa oriyanTala sirijha mAM 5 yo cha. ____ maMdira-ghara, devAlaya, nagara, zivira, samudra-bRhat hindIkoza pRSTha-992. jJAnamaNDala limiTeDa banArasa. kuzInArA" ane "mandirane judA judA gaNAvavAnI bhUla "bucarcA nA lekhaka mahApaMDita rAhula sAMkRtyAyananA anuvAdanuM anukaraNa karavA thaI che. teoe buddhacaryAnA praka 3para upara ene anuvAda A pramANe karyo che - " setanyA, kapilavastu, kusInArA aura mandira // 37 // " AvuM ja vagara vicAryuM anusaraNa cInI yAtrI phAhithAnanA lekha-prasaMgamAM 'vaizAlI abhinandana grantha" pRSTha 15 uparathI eka azuddha blekanuM uddharaNa levAmAM thayuM che. " bhagavAn vaizAlIvanaM avizaraNa dakSiNena / / sarvakAryena nAmAvalokitena vyavalokayati" //

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AmAM uttarAno pATha A pramANe hevo joIe kAna nA vAjitena cAyati" sAnane artha che saMpUrNa zarIrathI che ane banAvaTAjitenane artha "buddhacarcA"ne hindI anuvAda pRSTha 497 upara 'nAgAvalokana (hAthInI jema AkhA zarIrane ghumAvIne jevuM) Ape che, ane Aja artha dIghanikAya'mAM paNa karyo che. A vakhate lekhake kALa tathA sthAnanA saMbaMdhamAM meTI bhUla karI che. Aja meTI bhUlanuM pariNAma cInI yAtrI phAhiyAna lakhe che ke buddhadeva pitAnA zive sAthe parinirvANa mATe jatA hatA tyAre AmrapAlI rayAnA bhAgathI vaizAlI pAse bhaMDagrAma gayA hatA. temanI jamaNI dizAmAM vaizAlI hatI vagere." A uparanA lekhamAM samaya-viSayaka-bhUla e che ke parinirvANa mATe jyAre buddhadeva vaizAlInA pazcima daravAjAthI nikaLyA tyAre temane saMbadha AmrapAlI vezyAnA bAga sAthe jarAya na hatuM. te bAganuM dAna ApavuM vagere badhA sambandha te teo zAlIthI mahAparinirvANa mATe nikaLyA te pahelAM ghaNA vakhata pUrve ja thaI cUkyuM hatuM. sthAnaviSayaka bhUla e che

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ke je vakhate buddhadeva parinirvANa mATe vaizAlInA pazcima daravAjAthI nikaLyA, te vakhate AmrapAlI vezyAno bagIce te nagaranA dakSiNamAM 3 "lI" upara hatuM, te tyAM ne tyAM ja rahI gaye tene vaizAlInA pazcima daravAjA sAthe keAI saMbadha na hato. pachI ema lakhavuM ke "AmrapAlI vezyAnA bAgathI vazAlI pAse thaI bhaMDagrAma gayA hatA. jyAM sudhI ucita che? vaizAlIthI pazcimanA daravAjAthI bhaMDagrAma jatAM vacamAM rastAmAM AmrapAlI vezyAne bagIce nathI Avato. te te enA dakSiNamAM ja rahI jAya che. vaizAlInA pazcimanI sAthe dakSiNano zuM sambadha ! AvI rIte phAhiyAnanA lekhanuM uddharaNa paNa lekhake ucita rIte nathI ApyuM. te ApavAmAM temanAthI ekamAM kaMI bIjuM bheLavavA jevI bhUla thaI che. jethI ema lAge che ke teo ene sAcA arthamAM nathI samajI zakyA. AgaLa teo lakhe che ke prAcIna kAlanAM vaizAlI vANijaya grAma ane kellAganI sAthe arvAcIna sADa, baniyA ane kAlavAnI mAtra nAma sAmyatA che. jyAre sADa ane baniyAnI vacce gaMDakI nadI nathI, ItyAdi bhinnatA paNa che." -kSatriyakuMDa, pRSTha 35 A uparanI vAta paNa sAva khoTI che. lithuDanI pAse mAnelI tamArI vaizAlI nI pAse kadAca nadI nahi hoya, paraMtu videDa-dezamAM rahelI vaizAlInI pAse te Aje paNa gaMDaka

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kara nadI vahe che. pharka mAtra eTaleA ja paDayo che ke pahelA ( bhagavAt mahAvIranA samayamAM) gaMDakI nadI vaizAlI ( vartamAna * basADha ' ) ane vANijayagrAma ( vartamAna 'baniyA' ) nI vacamAM ane vahetI hatI ane atyAre vANijaya gAmanI pele pAra thaine vahe che. bIjuM kAraNa A limbuAnI pAse vaizAlI na mAnavAnuM e che ke vamAna videhastha vaizAlInI pAse kAllAga (vata mAna DhAlavA')mAM azoka staMbha che, parantu ApanA mAnelA limbuADanI pAsenA kAlavAmAM nathI. AgaLa lakhe che ke--" paraMtu A vesADa ane khaniyAnI vacce Aje teA nadI nathI e vAta cAkkasa che." --kSatriyakuMDa, pRSTha 35. AjakAla basADha ane baniyAnI vacamAM gaMDakI nadI nathI. paraMtu nadInA pravAha badalAtA rahe che. enu` bhAna lekhakane nathI rahyuM. enA aneka dRSTAntA che. jema atyAre satalaja nadI 'harIke pattana' sthaLe vyAsa' nadImAM AvIne maLe che. A maLavuM che. san 1790mAM thayuM. AnI pahelAM ' bhAJa-kI. pattana ' sthaLe A nadI vyAsamAM maLatI hatI. ~~ Cunningham's Ancient Geography of India, New Edition 1924, Page 254, 255 * vaLI bhagavAnanA vihAramAM (1) vANiyAgAma pAsenu dAllAga, (2) kSatriyaku'Da pAsenu kAllAga athavA dAllA ane

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33 (3) nAlaMdA pAsenuM kalAga ema traNa kalAga sa-inavezo maLe che, caMpA pAse kAlAya gAma hevAnuM paNa maLe che. -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 44. lekhake 18 naMbaranI noTamAM caMpA pAsenA kalAyane paNa kalAgamAM gaNatarI karI. cAra kellAga gaNAvyA che. paraMtu vAstavamAM be ja kallAmAM che. vANiyA gAma ane kSatriyakuMDa pAsenuM kellAga e bhinna bhinna chellAga nathI, paratu eka ja che ane caMpA pAse "kAlAga" nahi paratu "kAlAya" hatuM je lekhake brAntivaza pheTanoTamAM chellA tarIke lakhyuM che. prAcIna kALanI rAjadhAnI pahADI upara rahetI hatI' kSatriya pRSTha 40. A lakhavuM paNa ThIka nathI. rAjAe potAnI rAjadhAnI kayAM banAvavI joIe, A praznano uttara zrI eca. ke. majUmadAre nIce pramANe Ape che - Capital-The King is directed to build his capital in a Fertile part. difficult of access and unfit to support invading armies. His fortress is to be in the centre, defensible, well furnished and brilliant; surrounded with water and trees."

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34 arthAta-"rAjAe potAnI rAjadhAnI evA pradezamAM banAvavI joIe je urvara, agamya temaja AkramaNakArI senAonI madada na pahoMcatI heya. kille paNa vasatinI vacamAM, surakSita, sarva sAdhanAthI yukta, camakadAra, tathA jaLa temaja vRkSAvalIthI pariveSTita hevo joIe. * The Hindu History' by A. K. Mazumdar 1920, Page 280 A uddharaNamAM rAjadhAnInA sthAna mATe "pahADa athavA pahADI'ne ucita jagyA nathI batAvI. tethI kSatriyakuMDa ? pahADI nagara hatuM, e kahevuM anucita che. zilpazAstramAM paNa rAjadhAnInA rathAna mATe pahADa athavA pahADI havAne ullekha nathI. moTAM moTAM zahere to prAyaH nadInA kAMThe ja vasatA hatA. jema prAcIna kALamAM-vaizAlI, paTaNA, prayAga, kAzI. vartamAnakALamAM-kAnapura, AgarA, dehalI, lAhera, amadAvAda, surata, jam, zrInagara vagere zahera vasAvavAnI upamA ApatAM "milinda praznamAM lakhyuM che ke - "mahArAja ! nayA zahara basAnekI icchA se iMjInIyara pahale koI aisI jagaha DhUMDhatA hai jo UbaDa khAbhaTa na ho, kaMkarIlI yA patharAlI na ho, jahAM kisI upadrava (bADha, aga

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35 laggI, cora yA zatrake AkramaNa ityAdi ) kA bhaya nahIM ho, jo aura bhI kisI doSase bacI ho aura jo bar3I ramaNIya ho| isake bAda UMcI nIcI jagahako barAbara karavAtA ho aura DhUMTha jhADIko kaTavAkara sApha kara detA hai| taba, zaharakA nakazA taiyAra karatA hai, sundara, nApa jokhakara bhAga bhAgameM bAMTa, cAroM ora khAI aura hAtA, majabUta phATaka. caukasa aTAriyA, kilAbandI, bIca bIcameM khule udyAna, caurAhe, dorAhe, cauka, sApha suthare aura barAbara rAjamArga, bIca bIcameM dukAnoM kI katAreM,ArAma. bagIce, tAlAba, bAvalI, kuyeM, devasthAna, sundara aura sabhI doSoMse rahita / --milinda prazna, anu0 bhikSujagadIza kAzyapa pRSTha 401, rAjadhAnIo nadIne kAMThe ja hoya che, tenuM eka jabbaradasta pramANa jUo-- ___ 'jaMbuddIve bharahavAse dasa rAyahANIo paM.taM. caMpA, mahurA, vANArasI, ya sAvatthI, tahaya sAtetaM hathiNaura, kaMpilaM, mihilA, kosaMbi, rAyagihaM / " / -ThANAMgasUtra vRttisahita pRSTha 477. 652 matAvalI 25, mathurA, manArasa, zrAvastI, ayodhyA, hastinApura, kAMpilya, mithilA, kauzAmbI ane rAjagRha A dase rAjadhAnIo nadIne kAMThe ja hatI.

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36 mRgAMka caritramAM nagarInuM varNana A pramANe karavAmAM AvyuM che : tatrAsti nagarI ramyA vArANasI janAkulA / prottAlavapraparikhA-vApIkUpasaro'nvitA // 6 // vihAravarNavAmAGgIvAgmivAraNavAjibhiH / vaNiya-vAcaMyamavRndavaidyaizca parizobhitA // 7 // arthAtu--tyAM manuSyathI vyApta vArANasI nAmanI suMdara nagarI che. je uMce kille, khAI, vAvaDI, kuvA ane taLAvathI yukta che. tathA maMdira, jAti, (cAre varNa) vaktA, hAthI, ghoDA, vANiyA, sAdhu-samudAya ane vaighothI zobhe che. temAMja vaLI lakhyuM che ke vApIvapravihAravarNavanitAvAgmIvanaM vATikA vaidyo vipakavArivAdivibudhA vezyA vaNigvAhinI / vidyAvIravivekavittavinayo vAcaMyamA vallikA vastraM vAraNavAjivesaravaraM rAjyaM ca vaiH zobhate // 8 // artha-vAvaDI, vapra (kille), vihAra (madira), varNa (cAra jAti, vanitA (mi), vaktA, vana, vaidha, vipra, vari (pANI), vAdi, vibudha (paMDita), vezyA, vaNika, vAhinI

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raha) (nadI yA senA), vidyA, vIra, viveka, vitta, vinaya, vAcaMyama (sAdhu), vela, vastra, vAraNa (hAthI), vAja (ghaDo), vesara (khaccara), A pramANe vavAothI rAjya zame che. uparanA baMne sthaLe rAjayanuM varNana karatAM parvatane kayAMya ullekha nathI. jyAre nIcenA zlokamAM "vAhanI' zabdathI nadIne zaheranI zobhA tarIke gaNAvI che. bIjuM rAjadhAnInuM varNana "papAtika sUtra" (uvavAI sUtra)mAM paNa Ave che. temAM aMgadezanI rAjadhAnI campAnuM vistArathI varNana ApeluM che. temAM paNa parvatane kyAMya ullekha mAtra nathI. ane te nadInA kinAre hatI ema batAvyuM che. -upAsagadesAo-saMpA. pI. ela. vaidya pRSTha 110-20 I. san 1930 AvI ja rIte upamiti bhava prapaMca kathAmAM paNa nagarInuM varNana Ave che kauTilIya arthazAstramAM paNa rAjadhAnInA nagara vasAvavAnuM je varNana Ave che te vAMca athavA rAjAe potAnA rAjatvanA sthAna (samuyasthAna) tarIke pitAnA rAjayanA madhyabhAgamAM, killebaMdIlALuM eka, rAjadhAnInuM nagara (sthAnIya) rAkhavuM ene mATe kudaratI rIte uttama gaNAya tevA sthaLamAM eTale ke nadIonA saMgama AgaLa,

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niraMtara vahetA pANIvALA UMDA taLAva ke sarovaranA kAMThA upara-eka goLAkAra ke catuSkoNa ke samarasa AkRtine durga baMdhAvo ane tene pharatI, pANIthI bharelI rahetI eka kRtrima nahera karAvavI ane temAMthI jAva Ava karavA mATe jaLamArga ane bhUmimArga paNa racAvavA." - kauTilIya arthazAstra gujarAtI anuvAda prakaraNa 3ju pRSTha 71. 'ApAya prasAro vA janapadamadhye samudayasthAnaM sthAnIya nivezayet / vAstukaprazaste deze nadI saGgame hRdasya vA avizoSayAGke sarasastaTAkasya vA vRttaM dIrgha caturakhaM vA vAstukavazena pradakSiNodakaM pnnyputtbhednmsNcaariprthaastrAkuveta' | --aurijhIya arthazAstra (vaM@1) pravarakha 21, pRSTha 5 -- , (yAtrAnuvAda) tRtIya gaNAya pRSThapa varNakasamuccaya' bhAga-1 pRSTha 21 upara nagaranuM je vistArathI varNana ApyuM che, temAM paNa parvata upara nagara hevuM joIe, evuM lakheluM maLatuM nathI. vaizAlInI pAse moTuM zahera na hoI zake e lakhavuM, paNa mAtra bhramaNA che. jAo kalakattAnI pAse hAvaDA che ja tethI ja vazAlInI pAse kSatriyakuMDa, moTI nagarInA rUpamAM rahyuM hoya te emAM kaMi Azcarya mAnavA jevuM nathI.

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32 " vaSa~ jatAM magadharAja kANika vaizAlIne bhAMge che ane gadheDAnA haLathI kheDAvI nAkhe che." --kSatriyakuM Da pRSTha 49 kalpasUtramAM 122 mA sUtramAM bhagavAnanA cAmAsAnu varNana karatAM lakhyu che ke--bhagavAne vaizAlI nagarI ane vANigrAmanI sAnnidhyamAM bAra cAturmAsa vItAvyA. e bAre cAturmAsAonA krama A pramANe hatA. cAturmAsanA varSoMnI krama saMkhyA 11 14 15 17 20 21 23 28 30 31 32 35 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat cAturmAMsanuM sthAna vaizAlI "" vANijayagrAma 99 vaizAlI vANijyagrAma ,, "" ,, vaizAlI ,, ,, www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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40 26 muM cAturmAsa mithilAmAM karyuM. ane te ja vakhate magadha ane vanyajIeAmAM yuddha zarU thayuM. 20 mA caturmAsa vakhate gozAlAnuM maraNa thayuM. ane yuddhane aMta vANijaya gAmamAM thayelA 28 mA comAsAnI vakhate thaye. ahIM khAsa dhyAna devA jevI bAbata e che ke yuddha pUruM thayA pachI paNa vANijaya gAmamAM eka ane vaizAlImAM traNa cAturmAsa bhagavAne karyA. jema kahevAmAM Ave che tema je vaizAlI yuddhanA vakhate ja sarvathA naSTa thaI gaI hota to bhagavAne je pachIne traNa mAsA karyA te kevI rIte karyA ? zuM te cAturmAsa khetara ane khaMDere upara karyA ke zaheranI samIpamAM je zaheranI samIpamAM karyAM hatAM, to eno artha e ja che ke vaizAlI pUrNa rUpathI nAza chetI pAmI. ane kadAca nAza pAmI hatI te tene pAchI vasAvavAmAM AvI hatI. bIjuM bhagavatI satramAM magadha ane vajajIo vacce be vakhata laDAI thavAnuM varNana Ave che. ethI jaNAI Ave che ke je magadha ane vajajIenI laDAI bAra varSa sudhI cAlI. te barAbara bAra varSa sudhI niraMtara nathI cAlI paraMtu vaca-vacamAM baMdha paDI gaI ane pAchI cAlatI rahI. ane e kahevatanA rUpamAM evuM pracalita thaI gayuM ke- "laDAIkeTalA varSa cAlI? to ke bAra varSa." laDAIomAM vidhvaMsa ane punaracanAnuM kArya kevI rIte

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karavAmAM Ave che enuM udAharaNa ame gata mahAyuddhamAM seviTa rUsanI je hAlata thaI hatI enAja utArAthI spaSTa karIe chIe. pahelA nAzanI sthiti tapAse "khuzI ane prasannatA amArA jIvananuM aMga banI gayuM hatuM. paraMtu laDAIe te badhuM nAza karI nAkhyuM. ame je kaMI banAvyuM ane racyuM hatuM te badhuM dhULamAM maLI gayuM." have punanirmANanI sthiti tapAse AvI rIte potAnA prayatnamAM keI uNapa nathI rAkhatA. ane pitAnA rAjyanI madadane upaga karIne ame yuddhanI pachInA pahelA cAra varSomAM ja, yuddhanA pahelAnA bAra varSo daramiyAna ame je cIjonI racanA karI hatI, te badhAne pharIthI sthApita karI lIdhI. eTaluM ja nahi paraMtu ame ethI paNa vadhAre AgaLa vadhIne ane amArA jIvanano mApadaMDane yuddhanI pahelAnI apekSA tethI paNa vadhAre UMce UThAvI lIdhe. seviyaTa bhUmi, pAkSika patrikA, naM. 15. agasta 1952. pR4 11 siddhArtha rAjAne "videha tarIke paricaya maLatuM nathI." kSatriya kuMDa pRSTha 50

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videha' zabdathI siddhArthane paNa bedha thaI zake che, jema janakane thAya che. kema ke "videhane artha videhavAsI e thAya che. kSatriyakuMDanA lekhake DA, jekebInA je kathanane laine e batAvyuM ke vaizAlImAM bauddhonuM varcasva (prabhAva) na hatuM. e mAtra emane nitAnta bhrama che. kAraNa ke DaeN. jokebInA kathanamAM koI pramANa nathI. AgaLa ame Do. jekebInA kathananuM paNa temanA pustakathI uddharaNa ApIe chIe. jenuM kSatriyakuMDanA lekhake anukaraNa karyuM che teo lakhe che ke - "But the Gains Cherished the memory of the maternal uncle and patron of their prophet, to whose influence we must attribute the fact, that Vaisali ueed to be a stronghold of jainism, while being booked upon by the Buddhists as a seminary of. heresies and dissent " -Gaina Saturas, Part 1. Introduction P. XIII. arthAta-jaina lekee temanA bhagavAnanA mAmA ane saMrakSaka (ceTaka) nI smRti banAvI rAkhI hatI. kAraNa ke A te (ceTaka)ne ja prabhAva hato ke vaizAlI jainadharmanuM prabhAvazAlI kendra (Stronghold) banyuM hatuM. jyAre bauddhonI najaramAM te mAtra eka pAkhaMDIone maTha' hate. ulaTuM vaizAlImAM bauddhonA paNa varcasvanuM nimnalikhita pramANa maLe che.

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bhagavAna buddha vaizAlInA licchaviyenI sarakhAmaNI trAyasiMza lokanA deva sAthe karI hatI. - saMyukta nikAya' bhAga-1, bhUmikA, pRSTha 3 The Bhuddha once compared them to the gods of Tavatimsa. --Dictionary of Pali Proper Names Vol; 11-299 avalokana karo mikSuo! licchaviyoMkI pariSadko / avalokana karo bhikSuo ! licchaviyoMkI pariSadko / bhikSuo ! licchavi-pariSadko trAyastriMza (deva)-pariSad namo (upasaMhAratha) 1-budacA -I. san 1952 pRSTha 494 2-doghanikAya anuvAda I. san 1936 pRSTha 129 According to the buddhist books, the Licchavis were devaut followeres of the Buddha and held him in the highest eteem. - Dictionary of Pali Proper Names | Vol. II 780 arthAt bauddha gaje pramANe licchavi buddhanA bhakta temaja anuyAyIo hatA ane temanuM ghaNuM ja sanmAna karatA hatA. kSatriyakuMDanA lekhake praNa 53 upara zAlImAM bauddhadharmanuM

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44 varcasva na hovAmAM eka hetu e paNa Avyo che ke"gautama buddhe zaizAlImAM eka ja comAsuM karyuM hatuM." paratuM A vAta sAcI nathI. buddhe vaizAlImAM eka nahi paNa be comAsA ryA hatA. eka pAMcamuM ane bIjuM 46 muM, ane teo tyAM ghaNI vakhata gayA hatA. ethI keIe e samajavAnI te bhUla na karavI joIe ke tyAM jainadharmane kaI prabhAva ja na hatuM. temane te ghaNe prabhAva hato ja paraMtu sAthe bauddhono paNa hatA. trIjI vAta "kSatriya-kuMDanA pRSTha 53-54 para lekhake e lakhI che ke-buddha vaizAlIne pAkhaMDIone eka maTha' kahIne varNavI che. AnA uttaramAM amAre eja kahevuM che ke A vAta paNuje svayaM buddhanA mukhathI bolAvarAvI che. amane ucita nathI lAgatI. kAraNake je buddhe licchaviyene trAyasiMza-deve nI upamA ApI che. te ja mahAtmA buddha vaLI pAchA kyAreka teja liviyenA zaherane pAkhaMDIone maTha kahe, e vAta to amArI buddhimAM nathI AvatI.potAnI buddhithI jarA paNa vicAra ryA vinA bIjAnuM AMdhaLuM anukaraNa karavAthI prAya AvI bhUlo thaI jAya che. emAM jarA paNa Azcarya nathI. nAyasaMDavaNo ujjANe kalpasatra patra 39-1 sUtra 115 ahIM A udyAnanuM "jJAtakhaMDavana nAma paDavAnuM kAraNa e che ke "khaMDa kahe che samUhane. ane A "vana sAta kenuM

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hovAthI ene lekee jJAtakhaMDa vana evuM nAma ApyuM che. eka ja prakAranA vRkSo jemAM hoya te vana" kahevAya che. AgaLa pRSTha 62 mAM lakhe che ke bhagavAn madhyama pAvAmAM nirvANa pAmyA che. tyAMthI vaizAlI lagabhaga 8 ejana (65 mAila) ane lachavADa pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa lagabhaga 4 yajana (36 mAIla) thAya che." pAvApurI kayAM hatI? e praznano uttara ame prasiddha purAtattvAnveSaka zrI kaniMdhamanA zabdomAM nIce ApIe chIe. " The distance between Kasia and Vaisali, by the route which I marched, is just 140 miles; but this was along the new straight lines which have been laid out by the British authorities. By the old winding native tracks the distance would have been much greater, or Certain not less than ( 160 miles y Ancient Geography of India. P. 494 buddhanA aMtima vihAramAM pAvA pachI kuzInArA Ave che, jemake- "vaizAkhI pInAra che ane kriyA ! - je vairATIsa mahAma, mULAma, hastikAma, gALAma, monanAra, vAva gauzInA mi che - zazInA tihAsa -27 De. kaniMghama ane rAhula sAMkRtyAyana pahelA kuzInArA mAne che ane pachI pAvA. AthI paraspara virodha utpanna thAya che. ke pahelA pAvA ke pahelA kuzInArA A paraspara vireAdha eTalA mATe utpanna thaye ke che ane pachI ,palA kuzInAra, utpanna thayA

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46 - kaniMdhame vamAna paDaraunAne pAvA mAnyuM che, je kuzInagaranI uttara-pUrvamAM che, rAhula sAMkRtyAyane paNa AnuM ja anusaraNu karyuM che. jyAre daraasala pAvA hAvu joIe dakSiNa-pUrva mAM te ja yuddhanA vihAranI sAthe enI sati besI zake che. AnA samAdhAnamAM kArlAile ane bauddha bhikSu dharakSita je sthAna batAve che te ja vAstavika pAvA che. je kasiyA ( kuzInArA ) thI pUrva-dakSiNamAM lagabhaga nava mAIla dUra che. jene atyAre saThiyAMvaDIha kahe che. sayiAMvaDIhuthI phAjilanagara uttara--pUrvamAM aDadhA mAIla dUra che. DaoN. kaniMdhame kuzInArA ane vaizAlI vacce nIce pramANe 'tara mAnyuM che, sIdhe raste 140 mAIla ane cakrAvAnA raste 160 mAIla kusInArAthI pAvA 9 mAIla che. tethI niSka enA e che ke vaizAlIthI pAvA sIdhe raste 131 mAIla ane cakrAvAnA raste 151 mAIla hatI. DhInikAya bhASAMtaramAM je mAnacitra ApavAmAM AvyuM che, te paNa ThIka nathI. emAM pahelA kuzInArA batAvyu che ane pachI pAvA. vihAra krama jotAM A sthiti paNa barAbara nathI. rAhula sAMkRtyAyane A je mAnacitra doryu` che, te papaurane pAvA mAnIne dAreluM che, tethI te paNa ThIka nathI. DaeNA. vimalacaraNa lAe jyeAgrAphI ek alI buddhijhamamAM je mAnacitra ApyuM che, temAM vaizAlI, pAvA ane kuzInArA batAvyuM che, te barAbara ThIka che.

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ane kuzInArAthI pAvA (dakSiNa-pUrvamAM) vartamAna mAI lanA hisAbe 8 mAIla upara hatI. (kuzInagarane itihAsa pR. 24). A hisAbathI vaizAlIthI pAvA sIdhe raste 131 mAIla ane pheravALA raste 151 3/4mAIla hatI. Aja pustakanA pRSTha 25 upara pAvAnagaranuM yathArtha sthAna A pramANe ApyuM che. "sayiAMvaDIha ja jUnuM pAvAnAra che. je ke kuzInagarathI 10 mAIla dUra pUrva-dakSimAM che. saThiyAMvathI aDadho mAIla uttara-pUrvamAM phAjila-nagara che, je saThiyAvane ja eka bhAga che." - kuzInagarane ItihAsa pRSTha. 25) Aja pustakanA pRSTha 20 upara pAvAnu anyatra hevAmAM nIce pramANe Apatti batAvI che. "AvI rIte pAvA jenenuM mahAtIrtha che. paraMtu jene Ane bhUlI gayA che. teo atyAre vihAra-zarIphathI Aneya (dakSiNa-pUrva khUNAmAM) sAta mAIla dUra pAvAnI sthiti batAve che. amane "kalpasUtra thI jaNAya che ke pAvAmAM jyAre mahAvIra-svAmI nirvANa pAmyA tyAre malloe teonA sanmAnamAM dIvAlI manAvI hatI. je vihAra-zarIphanI pAse "pAvA mAnavAmAM Ave to male dvArA dIvALI mAnAvAne keAI meLa ja khAte nathI. bauddha gra pramANe paNa A ThIka nathI lAgatuM. -kuzInagarano ItihAsa pRi 20.

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48 pAvA jaine (nirgaTha-nircA ) nuM kendrasthAna rahyuM che. enI puSTi mATe jUo Pava was also a centre of the Niganthas and, at the time mentioned above, Nigantha Nathputta had just died at Pava...... -Dictionary of Pali proper Names Vol. II Page 194. Aja nA pahelA bhAganA pRSTha 654mAM vaizAlI kuzInArAthI 10 ejana (1 jana lagabhaga 8 mAIla barAbara) ane pAvApurIthI 18 jana Aghe batAvI che. tethI lachavADa pAsenuM kSatriyakuMDa asalI nathI, mAtra rasthApanAtIrtha che. vartamAna pAvApurI tIrtha paNa asalI nathI. kAraNa ke vartamAna pAvA magadhamAM che. jayAre uparanI (pramANethI prasiddha) pAvApurI maladezamAM che. bha. mahAvIranA nirvANanA vakhate te samayanA ceTaka mahArAjAnA 18 gaNa rAjAo (8 malakI ane 8 licchavI) uparanI pAvApurImAM bhegA thayA hatA. (jUo kalpasUtra, 128) temAM lakhyuM che ke "nava mallaI nava lecchaI kAsIkAsalagA aTThArasavi gaNarAyANo..." magadharAja kaNikanuM vIra-nirvANa kalyANakamAM nahi AvavuM paNa e vAtane puSTa kare che ke je magadhanI aMdara AvelI vartamAnamAM mAnelI pAvApurI ja bhagavAnanI nirvANapurI heta te magadharAja kRNika svayaM nirvANa-kalyANaka vakhate

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49 hAjara thAta. athavA pitAnA pradhAnane pratinidhi banAvIne ekalata. parantu evuM koI paNa graMthamAM jovAmAM ke saMbhaLavAmAM nathI AvyuM. ulaTuM te vakhate je 18 gaNarAjAo hAjara hatA ane jeoe bhautika divALI manAvIne nirvANukalyANakane utsava karyo hato te badhA malle ane vajacha dezanA licchavio hatA. AgaLa lekhaka lakhe che ke-"tethI ja bha. mahAvIra svAmInA nirvANanA samAcAra rAjA naMdivardhanane jaladI savAre ja maLI gayA hatA. -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 61 tethI A saMbaMdhamAM amAruM kahevuM e che ke-ahIM pAse . ane dUrane koI prazna ja nathI rahetuM. kAraNa ke jyAre bhagavAna amAvAsyAnI rAtrie prAta:kALamAM cAra ghaDI rAta bAkI rahI tyAre nirvANa pAmyA. tyAre e samajavAnI jarUra che ke temanI pAse keTalA rAjAo hAjara hatA. bIjuM te kaMI nahi paraMtu eTaluM te nizcita che ke je sthaLe bhagavAne nirvANu-prApta karyuM, te sthaLano rAjA te temane ja bhakta hatA. ane e paNa nizcita che ke rAjAonI pAse badhA prakAranA sAdhane hoya che. * teo ghaDeravAthI paNa TapAla mokalI zake che. ane temAM samaya paNa keTale lAge ? muhammada bina tugalakanA vakhatamAM (14 sadImAM) TapAla laI janArA ghaDAo 15 mAIla ane anuSyo 7 mAIla eka kalAkamAM bhAgatA hatA.

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50 --jUe pazuenI gatinA saMbadhamAM ame nIcenuM pramANa ApIe chIe. 1-' amArA janAvarA ' pRSTha 24 pustakanA lekhakanA mata pramANe dhADA dara kalAke 40 mAila cAlI zake che. dhADAnI eka mAIlanI resamAM 1 miniTa ane 42 sekanDa lAge che, bAkI resanA gheADAnI gati dara kalAke cAlIsa gAu batAvI che. 2- ' kauTilya arthazAstra' ( gujarAtI ) pRSTha 199 thI e jaNAya che ke rathyAzva eka divasamAM 6, 8, 12, ceAjana sudhI ane pRSThAzva (bhAra upADanArA dhADAo) 5, 8, 10 yAjana sudhI cAle che. sandezA laI janAra kamUtarAnuM varNana 'arthazAstra'mAM Ave che ane Aja kAla paNa kabUtarI 95 mAila sudhI paNa uDatA jovAmAM Ave che. --jU 'hinduratAna sAptAhika' 6 phebruArI, 1955 3- vimala prabandha, lAvaNyasamaya kRta, ( saMvata-1568 ) pRSTha 227 mAM lakhyu che ke-- sAthiI sAMDhi palANI yeya ghaDiyA joyaNa jAiyeya // 68 // arthAta--sAthe je sAMDhaNI cAlI tenI gati 24 mini8mAM 8 mAIla hatI, eTale ke eka kalAkamAM 20 mAIla. Pattan has lwo forts, one of stone and of lat. 23 30', It brick, lt lies in long. 117 10',

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produces fine oxen that will travel 50 kos in half a day. A in-l- Akabari vol II, page 249. arthAta-pATaNa (uttara-gujarAta) mAM evA suMdara baLado thatA hatA ke te aDadhA divasamAM 50 gAu cAlatA hatA, samrATa akabaranI pAse paNa lagabhaga 20 hajAra saMdeza-vAhaka kabutare hatA. 5 " zatranI ke araNyavAsI jAtionI caLavaLanA saMbadhamAM (rAjAne) khabara ApavAne arthe temaNe rAjAthI paLAyelA (kabUtare gRha-pato) te ciThThIo saha (mudrAyukta) karIne uDADI mUkavA, athavA te pamADe tathA agninI paraMparA anukrama pUrvaka goThavIne te dvArA khabara pahoMcatA karavA. - kauTilIya arthazAstra (gujarAtI anuvAda) anuvAdaka jayasukharAya jozIpurA ema. e. prakaraNa 34muM pRSTha. 211 -koTilIya arthazAstram (saMskRta) pRSTha 141 - 9 ) (bagalAnuvAda) khaMDa 1, pR 177 kahevAno matalaba e che ke-AjanI mAphaka pUrva samayamAM paNa sadeza-vAhaka pazu-pakSio dvArA dUra dezamAM paNa 'jaladI khabara pahoMcADI zakAtI hatI. te pachI jaladI samAcAra maLavAthI amuka sthAna pAse hovuM joIe, e yukti nisAra che.

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para " AcArya vijayendrasUri mahArAja DhInikAyamAM khatAvela vaizAlI, bhaMDagrAma, hutigrAma ane jabUtrAmamAMnA hastigAmane asthikagrAma tarIke mAne che, je cAkakhA zabdabhrama ja che." kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 45. lekhaka upara jene cAkakhA zabda bhrama lakhe che, teja vAta lekhakanA utAvaLapaNAne kAraNe buddhi vibhramane jaNAve che. jo emane buddhi vibhrama na thayeA hAta te te AvuM na ja lakhata. kAraNake--jema me mArI * vIra-vihAra-mImAMsA ' nAmaka - pustakamAM pRSTha 4 upara lakhyuM che tema--' caDhI sthigAma sambhavataH asthikagrAma hai / bauddha granthoM meM varNita hatthigAma aura jaina sAhitya meM varNita asthika grAmameM thoDAsA uccAraNa bheda hai / parantu donoM sAhityoM meM ise videhadeza ke antargata tathA vaizAlI ke nikaTa honA batAyA hai / - uparokata pustakanA trIjA pRSTha upara vaLI lakhyu che ke" somavaMzI bhavagupta prathamake tAmrapatra meM jo hastipada nAmaka sthAna AyA hai vaha bhI saMbhavataH itthigrAma hai / " Aja vAtanI puSTimAM zrIdinezacandra sarakAra ane pI. sI, ratha IMDiyana hisTArIkala kavArTaralInA bhAga 20, aMka 3 pRSTha 241 upara lakhe che ke

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53 Hastipada is mentioned in a number of reeords as the original home of some Brahmana families. Its identification is uneertain; but it reminds one of the Celeprated Hastigram near Vaisali ( modern Research in the Muzaffarpur district, North Bihar) A hastipada athavA hastigrAmanuM astitva I. sanI navamI zatAbdi sudhI hatuM. kAraNa ke zalendra vaMzIya rAjA bAlaputradevanA kahevAthI devapAla rAjAe nAlandA vizvavidyAlayane je pAMca gAmo bheTa ApyA hatA. temAM hasti (hastigrAma) paNa eka hatuM, devapAlane rAjyakALa I. san 810-850 che. ane pitAnA rAjayakALa daramiyAna ja temaNe pAMca gAmo bheTa ApyA hatA. ane te pAMca gAmomAMthI nAtikA ane hati (hatigrAma)no tAmrapatramAM spaSTa ullekha kare che. jao-hisTrI opha beMgAla volyuma 1 saMpA. Ara. sI. majUmadAra pRSTha 121, 176. sAkSara zrIyuta vizvanAtha prasAda mizra, brahmanAla kAzIthI pitAnA eka patra tA. 25-8-46mAM lakhe che ke "bauddha granthonuM "hatyigrAma ane janavADamayanuM arithagrAma eka ja che. vAstavamAM uccAraNa pharakane lIdhe ja "asthika'nuM "hatyi thaI gayuM che. bhASA vijJAnanA AdhAre A pUrNatayA pramANita che. saMskRta "thi' zabdanuM pahelAM

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54 * gaTTI ' thAya che ane pachI haDDI banI jAya che. zarUAtamAM AvelA 'a'ne ThekANe 'hu' khAlAtA Ne ThekANe jovAmAM Ave che. ' Akha 'nu' ' hATha ' thai jAya che. ' amIra 'tu` 'hamIra' thaI jAya che.'' " AthI e spaSTa jaNAI Ave che ke hastigAma ane asthikagrAma judA judA nathI parantu eka ja gAmanA nAma che. " hastigrAma bihAra prAntake hathuvAse 8 mIla pazcima zivapurakoThI ke pAsa thA / Ajakala usake naSTAvazeSako hAthIkhAla kahA jAtA hai / buddha kAla meM yaha hastigrAma vajIdezameM paDatA thA / kuzInagarakA itihAsa pRSTha - 17 hAthIAla e vajjI dezamAM nathI kAraNa ke vajjI deza pazcimamAM gaMDakI nadI sudhI ja che, jyAre A hAthIla te pazcima dizAmAM gaMDakI nadrIthI cAlIsa mAIla dUra che. eTale uparanA banne lekhakeAnuM lakhavu ThIka nathI. bIjI vAta hAthIAla te| kAzala dezamAM hatuM ane hastigrAma vajjI dezamAM hatu. eTale e banne hAthIAla ane hastigrAmanI zI tulanA ? * lavADathI agnikhUNe 2 mAIla para bahuraMgA ane 25 mAila para (basabuTTI) gAme che. " Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat --kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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55 '' kadAca kalpanA karIe teA paNa kuMDagrAmane sthAne vAsukuMDa banyuM che, ema mAnavA karatAM vaizyagrAmane sthAne vAsukuMDa banyu che, ema mAnavuM vadhu tarka-saMgata che. --kSatriyakuM Da pRSTha 35 kSatriyakuMDa ane vAsukuMDa e bannemAM 'kuMDa ' zabdanu sAmya che, parantu itihAsa siddha ane prasiddha evA kuDapura ke kSatriyakuMDane sthAne vAsuDe evu nAma paDe e kAyaDA aNu ukela banI jAya che. vAsukuMDa te kSatriyakuMDa nahi paNa vaizyagAma hAya e vastu vadhu tarka sa Mgata che. '' 66 --kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 45 " lacchavADathI agnikhaNAmAM basabuTTI gAma che, tene vaizAlInA baniyA gAma sAthe sarakhAvI zakAya. saMbhava che ke te eka samaye vaizyapaTTana haze. --kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 47 ahIMA lekhaka kharekhara bhIta bhUlyA che. lekhake lavADane vaizAlI kahapIne A badhA kalpanAonA dhADA deADAvyA che. parantu lachavADe livienI rAjadhAnI na hatI ene prativAda tA ame pahelAja karI AvyA chIe. ke licchavionI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI hatI. vazAlI (vartamAna basADha ) thI lagnuADa lagabhaga 91 mAila dUra che. ane basADha (paisAlI) cI gagA lagabhaga 25 mAila dUra che. bIjI vAta gaMDakI nadI

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54 himAlayanA dhavalagiri nAmanA zikharanI khINamAM rahelA dAmodara kuMDamAMthI nikaLe che, jene sama gaMDakI paNa kahe che. gaMDakI nadInA prAcIna nAma nArAyaNI, zAligrAma ane sadAnIrA che, ane enI laMbAI 192 mAIla che. ethI lacchaADanI pAse ApanI mAnelI gaMDakI nadI nathI paraMtu bahu Ara nAmanI nadI che jenI laMbAI ATha-nava mAIla che. trIjI vAta basabuTTI gAmane teo vaizAlI pAsenA baniyAgAma sAthe sarakhAve che paraMtu baniyA gAma te gaMDakI nadInI pazcimamAM hatuM, je badalAI javAthI enI pUrvamAM AvI gayuM che A pravAha kevI rIte badalAI jAya che, enuM vivecana ame pahelA karI cukyA chIe. pachI lachuADanI pAse A baniyA grAma kevI rIte AvI zake ? cothI vAta ame ema nathI kahetA ke kSatriyakuMDamAMthI vAsukuMDa nikaLyuM che. parantu kSatriyakuMDane sthAne vAsukuMDa nAma pracalita thaI gayuM che nAmamAM kevI rIte rUpAntara thaI jAya che. te mATe meM mArI ja janmabhUminuM gAma je pahelAM hemanagaranA nAmathI oLakhAtuM hatuM sanakhatarA nAmamAM kevI rIte parivartana thaI gayuM enuM daSTAnta pahelAM lakhI AvyA chIe. eTale lekhake lachuAne vaizAlI, bahuAra nAmanI nadIne gaMDakI,vaizyagrAmane vAsukuMDa, kSatriyakuMDane vaizyAmane ane basabuTTIne baniyAgrAma mAnIne eka evI jALa ubhI karI ke teo svayaM phasAI gayA ane gorakha

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57 dhaMdhAmAM paDI gayA che. A rIte e lekhakanuM cAlata teA te AkhA videha dezane lacchuADamAM lAvIne mUkI deta ane aitihAsikAmAM peAtAnuM nAma * amara' banAvI deta. " vaLI lekhaka AgaLa lakhe che " tenI ane kAlavAnI vacce karmoragAma, nadInA jaLamArga ane sthaLamArga hAvA joIe te nathI, mAtra sthaLamA che." --kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 63 66 tatra ca pathadvayam - eko jalena, aparaH sthalyAM tatra bhagavAn sthalyAM gatavAn gacchaMzca divase muhUrtazeSe karmAragrAmamanu prApta : hAribhadrIya TIkA - pRSTha 188 , --kSatriyakuMDa, pRSTha 89. gAmanuM sAcuM nAma kAlavA nahIM parantu kAluA che. - bIjI vAta e che ke- aDhIhajAra varSa pahelAnI vAtanI sAthe AjanI vAtane badha besatI karavI ete sAva niraka che. nadInA vheNA kevI rIte badalatA rahe che, enuM pratipAdana ame pahelA ja karI cukyA chIe. banArasathI rAmanagara javA mATe jema be mArgo che. eka pANI raste nAva dvArA ane bIjo pula upara thaIne tevIja rIte kATA ane kanADI gAma vacce paNa jaLamArga ane putramArga ema be rastAo che.

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58 tevIja rIte kalakattA ane hAvaDAnI vacce paNa jalamArga ane pulamArga che. ema te vakhate paNu karmAragAma javA mATe be mArgI hatA eka jala mArga ane bIjo puladvArA sthaLamA eTale buddhithI vicAra karIe te| Aja artha vadhAre cita lAge che. jema Aje pulo baMdhAya che tema te vakhate paNa pule baMdhAtA hatA. jevA pATha maLyA tevAja artha karavA te cita nathI. parantu prakaraNane anukULa saMgata pAnA artha karavA emAM ja buddhimattA rahelI che. eTale ame ahIM enA baMdha besatA pATha ane tenA artha ApIe chIe je susaMgata che. karmAragrAmamAnayeti vAkyazeSaH / tatra ca pathadvayam eko jalenApara: pAlyA / tatra ca bhagavAn pAlyA gatavAn, gacchaMzca divase muhUrtazeSe karmAragrAmamanu prAptaH tatra ca prtimAAM sthitaH / '' 46 -- malayagirIya Avazyaka TIkA bhAga 1, patra 267 / 1 / arthAt-- karmArAma javA mATe ATaluM vAkya joDavu tyAM javA mATe be mArga che. eka pANIthI ane bIjo pula upara thaine. AmAMthI bhagavAn pula upara thaI ne gayA. jatAM jatAM jyAre muhUrta jeTalA divasa bAkI rahyo tyAre karmAra gAmamAM pahoMcyA ane tyAM nizcala banI dhyAnamAM sthira thaI gayA. keTalIka pratimAM vAyA ne ThekANe sthAM evA pATha

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a maLe che, parantu vALyA pATha ThIka lAge che. amArI pAse je Dustalikhita haeNribhadrIya Avazyaka vRttinI prati che, temAM 'vAhI 'lakhyuM che, evI ja rIte amArI ' Avazyaka niyukti avasUrNi 'nI hastalikhita pratinA 23mA patramAM paNa 'pAchI ' ja lakhyuM che. haribhadrasUrinI chapAyelI TIkAmAM thatyAM pATha che, parantu amArI pAse haribhadrIya Avazyaka vRttinI prati che temAM pANI lakhyuM che. evI ja rIte amArI Avazyaka niyukti ava cUrNonI hastalikhita pratinA 23mA patramAM paNa pAchI ja lakhyu che. zabdASA pramANe have ame ' vI'nA artha ApIe chIe.-- ?-pAthA--seto--miSAdhinAmAM mALa pRSTha 385 2--pAhI--seto--zabdArthacintAmaLI mAtra 3, 14 142 2. pAhi--Bridge-Sanskrit-English Dictionary by Monier-Williams page 633, Sanskrit Eng. Dict, by APTE Page 615 4. parI--Bridge pali-End Dictionary, page 78

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60 --pAhI-vAMdha, puru vRddata hindI vhorA'pRthru 788 6--pAjI-nI vagerenI pAla ' zabdaranamaheAdhi - bhAga-2 pRSTha 1357 (" " AgaLa lekhaka lakhe che ke " jUe zrImatI sTIvansananu` ' hIsTrI ek jainijhama ' pRSTha 21-22" " -kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha 74. upara je pustakanuM nAma ApavAmAM AvyuM che, te ThIka nathI. te A pramANe joIe.--hArTa eka jainijhama' gAmAnA nAmeA sabaMdhamAM paNa lekhake dhaNA geATALA karyAM che. tenI zuddhAzuddhi ame nIce ApIe chIe. zuddha nAma azuE nAma kAvAlA-(kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha-7) kaukAla- jAe-mAnacitra 72 eca-13(gayA. jilAdarpaNa pRSTha. 45) kamAragrAma-(kSatriyakuMDa pR. 8) kumAragAma---- --jrA mAnacitra 72-ela-1 kauvA kulAma-(kSatriyakuMDa pR. 8 kaukAla jame! mAnacitra 72-ela-1 krAnAga-( kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha, 9 ) kAlDanAbahuraMgA--( kSatriyakuMDa pRSTha-9 ) bahurAmA Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat vadhuAnI pAse www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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bIjuM basabuTTI gAma tamArI mAnelI gaMDakI nadIthI pUrva dizAmAM paDe che. jayAre vANiyAgAma mULa gaMDakI nadInI pazcimadizAmAM che, eTale e rIte paNa basabuTTI ane vANiyAgrAmanI kaI sAmyatA nathI. kSatriyakuMDanA nakazAmAM lekhake je bhUla karI che te A che- temAM devasthAna parvatanA zikharanI UMcAI samudrataLathI je 1266 phUTa lakhI che, tene badale 1268 phUTa joIe. ane zikharanuM nAma paNa IrakhAra nahI paraMtu eraAra jaIe. --jUo mAnacitra hara-ela. e. zAstronA AdhAre ApaNe vicAra karIe to-kalpasUtranA satra 66mAM ekavAra. 100mAM be vAra. 101mAM ekavAra ane 11pamAM ekavAra ema pAMca sthaLoe kuDapurano ullekha Ave che. evI ja rIte Avazyaka sUNi- jinadAsa gaNi mahattare banAvelI che temAM paNa aneka sthaLoe kaMDagAmane ullekha thayela che. te mATe nIcene pATha khAsa dhyAna devA yogya chejessttaa kuMDagAme baddhamANasAmiNo jeTThassa naMdivaddhaNassa diNNA kU jhAvara mULa uttarArdha gSTa 14. arthAt ceTaka rAjAnI jayeSTha putrIne kaMDagrAma rahelA zrIvardhamAna svAmInA meTAbhAI naMdivardhanane ApI. A kuDapurane nAmAntara kSatriyakuMDa hato. ane kaMDapura videha dezamAM AvyuM hatuM ema digambaroe thANu spaSTa lakhyuM che, ane ApaNe tyAM te che ja.

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jeo ema kahe che ke bhagavAna mahAvIra pachI digambarIya cAritra-grAno prAraMbhakAla daDheka hajAra varSa pachI zarU thAya che temane kharI rIte digambarIya cAritra grAnA samayanuM jJAna ja nathI ema kahI zakAya. dAkhalA tarIke digambarIya AcArya pUjyapAde vikramanI pAMcamI zatAbdimAM daza-bhakti nAmane grantha banAve che. jemAM "kuDapura' zabdano ullekha Ave che. evI ja rIte AcArya jinasena ane AcArya guNabhadra ke jeo vikramanI AThamI zatAbdimAM thayA che, ane jeoe kramazaH harivaMzapurANa ane uttarapurANa nAmanA gra banAvyA che emAM "kuDapurano ullekha karela che. pachI tame kayA AdhAre digambarIya cAritra granthane prAraMbhakAla deDheka hajAra varSa pachI mAno cho ? uparokata digambara-cAritra grantha nathI zuM? athavA A utAvaLIyuM anumAna tamArI rAlasavRtti prakaTa nathI karatI zuM ? bIjI vAta nemicaMdrasUri jeoe prAkRtamAM "mahAvIra cariyaracyuM che, teo vetAmbara che. ane Ape paNa ApanA banAvelA jaina paraMparAne itihAsa" pRSTha 401 upara temane ullekha karyo che, pachI ahiM Ape emane digambara kyAMthI banAvI dIdhA ? keTalIye asaMgatio ApanA lakhANamAM sthaLe sthaLe javAya che, je vicAraNIya che. | mAhaNakuMDagrAmane kaI ThekANe brAhmaNagAma tarIke lakhyuM

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nathI. jyAM jyAM zAstramAM ene ullekha AvyA che tyAM mAha kaMDagrAma tarIke ja Ave che. ane paM. saubhAgyavijyajI paNa potAnI tIrthamALAmAM "mAhathakaMDagrAma ja lakhe che. ane sAthe lakhe che ke hAlamAM te gAma nathI ja. vartamAnamAM tame ja "mAhaNane mANakuMDagrAma kahe che ane tene brAhmaNa grAmane Azraya laIne kSatriyakuMDanI sAthe bheLavI dyo che te kyAM sudhI ucita che? ane tamArA mAnelA mAhaNa tamArA mAnelA kSatriyakuMthI kaI dizAmAM che? tene jarA abhyAsa karI leze. atamAM-mArA A kAryamAM eka yA bIjI rIte je ja mahAnubhAvoe madada karI che, temane dhanyavAda Apavo paNa nahIM bhUlI zakuM. sauthI prathama mahAmahima Do. rAjendraprasAdajIne AbhArI chuM ke jeoe hindI AvRtimAM amulya abhiprAya ApI pustakanuM gaurava vadhAryo che. presakopI karavAmAM ane prapha sudhAravAmAM paMDita zrIyuta amRtalAla tArAcaMda desI, jarUrI pustako meLavavAmAM ane bAkInA badhA kAryomAM niraMtara sahAyatA karanAra zrIyuta kAzInAtha sarAka, pustaka chapAvavAmAM Arthika sahAya karanAra verAvaLa nivAsI udAradila zreSThivarya zrIyuta haridAsa saubhAgyacaMda tathA te te mahAnubhAva ane saMsthAone jeoe pustaka lakhavAmAM temaja pustake vaDe sahAyatA karI che temane aMtaHkaraNathI AzIrvAda ApuM chuM temaja zrIyuta Do. vAsudeva zaraNa ema. e. pI. eca. DIne

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paNa nahIM bhUlI zakuM ke jemaNe hindI "vaizAlI pustakanI prastAvanA lakhI ApI pustakanI zobhAmAM vadhAre karyo hato. e kahevAnI bhAgyeja jarUra che ke A pustaka hindI vaizAlI nA parivardita bIjA saMrakaraNanI AvRtti che. prAte huM vAcakone e anurodha karIza ke teo pustaka vAMcatA je kaMI gUTi jove, te mane lakhI mokale, jethI huM tene bIjI AvRttimAM sudhArI zakuM. huM je kaMI lakhuM chuM, te badhuM traTi rahita ja che, ema huM nathI mAnate. eTale mArA lakhavAmAM je kaMI khalanAo jovAmAM Ave te tarapha mAruM dhyAna dere. huM teonI sUcanAo upara khAsa dhyAna ApIza. kAraNa ke huM paNa chadmastha chuM. zAsananI sevA karavI mAro dharma che. e bhAvanAthI ja meM A pustaka lakhyuM che. vijayendrasUri zeTha bhegIlAla laheracaMda TApahIla baMgale, marjabAna roDa ! aMdherI muMbaI naM. 41 saMvata 2014 phAgaNa zudi pUrNimA dharma saMvat 36

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be bola pratihAsa tattva maheAdaSi jainAcAya zrI vijyendrasUrIzvarajI mahArAja Aje lagabhaga 60 varSathI jaina-zAsana ane jaina-sAhisanI mahAna sevA karatA AvyA che. samAja temanI A mahAnU sevAothI suparicita nathI e AzrayanI vAta che. tenuM eka kAraNa e paNa che ke temanI e sevAone teezrIe peAtAnA gurudevanA nAme caDAvI che. peAtAnA mahAna vyaktitvane temaNe gurunI sevAmAM ja samAvI dIdhuM hatuM. jagata pUjya zAstravizArada mahAtmA vijaya dhama sUrijIe te vakhate jaina samAjanA sarvAM kSetromAM je apUrva krAnti lAvyA hatA,ane pAzcAtyanA prakAMDa vidvAneAne jainadhama prati AkarSita ane anurAgI banAvyA hatA temAM khAsa pIThabaLa temanA A pradhAnaziSya AcAya zrI vijyendrasUrijI mahArAjanuM ja hatuM. ane peAtAnI badhI zaktione gurunI sevAmAM samarpaNa karIne ziSya tarIkenuM eka ujjavala udAharaNa temaNe jagat samakSa mUkayu che. antamAM gurudevanI kRpAthI vamAnamAM paNa zAsananI sevAmAM niraMtara lAgI rahyA che. AcAryazrIjI lagabhaga pacAsa varSoMthI saracAonu paNa kArya karatA AvyA che. antamAM vizeSa lAbhane abhAva joI udAsIna thaIne mAtra sAhityika kAryoMmAM ja temaNe hamaNA peAtAnuM badhuM lakSya kendrita karyuM che, e dRSTithI temanu A pahelu kAya thaze. prAraMbhamAM emanA hRdayamAM e mahAnU icchA hatI ke zivapurInI 'sthA jagamAM potAnI yogyatAnA kAraNe prathama nakharanI saMsthA ane parantu sahAyakAnI samajavAnI azakti, praznantrakAnI avyavasthA ane a5natAne lIdhe AcAya zrIjIe pAtAnI bhAvanAne khIjI tarapha vALIne lagAvI dIdhI. kharI rIte jovAmAM Ave te| . AcArya zrIjIe saMsthAne AgaLa laI javA mATe kAi

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6 vAta bAkI na rAkhI peAtAnA sAhityika kane dhakko lagADIne paNa temaNe saMsthAnI unnati mATe zakaya badhA prayatnA karyAM. parantu aMtamAM icchita pariNAma nahIM AvavAthI A mAga lIdhe. jee itihAsanA prAraMbhika vidyArthio paNa na hatA temane paNa udAratA pUrvaka jagatanI samakSa aitihAsika vidvAna tarIke gaNuAvyA che. e AcArya zrIjInI ja kRpAnu phula hatuM ke (1) sUrIzvara ane samrATa aitihAsika sajhAyamALA bhAga. 1 (3) aitihAsika rAsa saMgraha bhAga-4, ane (4) jaina zilAlekha saMgraha bhAga-1 tathA khIjA aitihAsika lekhe lakhavAmAM lekhakA sama thayA hatA. ethI ja Apa anumAna karI zake che ke AcArya zrI chanA zAsananI prati keTalA anurAga che; parantu emanAthI ja itihAsanuM jJAna prApta karIne emanA ja pratye kRtaghnatA batAvavAmAM teeAe kaMi paNa kasara nathI rAkhI. AcArya zrIjIe sAhityanA kSetramAM kayAreya paNa pauatya ane pAzcA tyanA bheda nathI rAkhyA je temanI pAse AvyA. temane udAra hRdaye sahAyatA karI che. * DaoN. hala, De. jekeAkhI, De. eka Dabalyu theAmasa, De. kaisITArI, DeA. sTInAne, DA. e gerIteA, DeA melenI prIlobI, DeA. teAna brAuna, DA. sI. eca. krautre pI. eca. DI. (zrImatI subhadrAdevI) vagere vidvAnA paNa AcAya zrIjInA RNI che ke jeeAnI sAhityika pravRttione vega ApavA AcAya zrIjIe bharataka keziza karI che. te mATe ame ahI mAtra De. heTalanA abhiprAya TAMkIzuM je jaina kAransa hairalDanA julAi-akaTobara san 1915nA aMkamAM chapANA che: "ema sauthI vadhIne zrI yazeAvijaya je bhArata varSoMmAM sarvottama saskRta ane prAkRtanI utsAha pUrvaka dhaNA ja ki`matI granthAne prakAzita Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat jaina granthamALA granthamAlA che. karI rahI che. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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67 pUjyapAda zAstravizArada jainAcAya zrI dharmavijayasUri, je bhArata vanA pramukha vidvAnAmAM che ane e banArasanI zrI yazeovijayajI jaina pAThazAlAnA sthApaka che. na kevaLa peAtAnA ziSya 5. haragovindAsa ane 5. khecaradAsa dvArA ja sArA granthA sastI kiMmate prakAzita karAvI bhAratIya bhASA vijJAnanI mahAna sevA karI rahyA che Apa teo pote svayaM paNa hemacandrAcA'nI peAtAnI banAvelo TIkA sahita yegazAsranA uttama-sakaraNa jevA granthA prakAzita karI rahyA che. ane jaineAnI sabhyatA temaja khAsa karIne sAhityamAM anurAga rAkhanAra yurApiyana vidvAnAne hastalikhita pratie je yurApamAM maLavA Ilakula asaMbhava mAnavAmAM Ave che. e kAma dhaNuM ja upayegI ane dIdha dRSTitAnuM che. evuM ja emanA suyeAgya pradhAna ziSya muni indravijayajI kare che. hA eriyanTala sirIjanA bAramA bhAgamAM me A prasiddha vidvAnanuM mArA upara keTaluka RNa che, e prasannatA pUrvaka batAvyuM che. ane mAruM bhAratavarSanA kathAnaka zAstramAM anveSaNa karatA rahevuM, temaja e siddha karavuM. ke 'bhArata -va bharane prAyaH badhA ja kathA-sAhitya vibhAga jaitAnI kRtie che. ane jeTalA gadyamAM racelA che, te badhA evI saMskRta bhASAmAM lakhennA che, je kharI rIte belI-cAlonI saMskRta bhASA hatI. paraMtu tenI vAstavika paristhitinA saMbaMdhamAM dhaNI ja gerasamaja phelAyelI che. ane tenA abhyAsa tarake vidvAne yeAgya rIte upekSA seve che. enI ja kRpAnuM kula che huM huMmezA dhanyavAda pUrvaka e svIkAra karIza -mArA kA` mATe parama Avazyaka sAmagrI Aja e mahAbhAoe pUrI pADI che.' A sivAya suprasiddha hindI mAsika patrikA 'sudhAmAM zrIyuta kantAmalajI ema. e. cIz2ajja dheAlapura sTeTa AcAya zrInA sabaMdhamAM je vacanA uccAryAM hatA te paNa ame ahIM ApIe chIe.

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* zrI vijya dharmasUrijInA svargavAsa pachI emanA utarAdhikArI tarIke emanA suprasiddha ziSya zrI viyendrasUri birAjamAna thayA. jeo A saMsthAmAM rahe che. athavA ahiMthI bhinna bhinna sthAnamAM jaI dharmopadeza kare che. teo hindI, gujarAtI saMskRtanA uMcA vidrAna che ane aMgrejI bhASA tathA sAhityathI paNa suparicita che... zrI viyendrasUrijI mahArAja, jeo atyAre AcArya padavI upara che. jaina dharmanA eka Adarza sAdhu che. ATalI uMcI padavI upara hovA chatAM paNa teone ahaMkAra ane abhimAna te sparyA paNa nathI. evo koNa mANasa che je teone maLIne prasanna ane praphullita na thaI jAya darzana karatAM ja temanI pavitra, prasanna ane divyamUrtine bIjA upara prabhAva paDI jAya che. teo ghaNuM ja milanasAra che. kevaLa jane upara ja temane prabhAva nathI. balake hindu, musalamAna, IsAI Adi badhA dharmanA leke upara che. temanuM sammAna sau kare che. temanI dharma ane leke saMbaMdhI jANakArI eTalI vadhI gayelI ane apa-TU-DeTa che ke tame kaI paNa viSaya upara vAtacIta karo, te ja vakhate barAbara uttara maLaze.' AcAryazrIjIe etihAsika jagatamAM apUrva prakAza pAthanAra nIcenA granthanI racanA tathA saMpAdana karyo che. 1 vaizAlI hindI 2 vIra vihAra mImAMsA (hindI) 2 hastinApura (hindI) 4 guru guNa ratnAkara (saMskRta) saMpAdita 5 zAntinAtha caritra (saMskRta) saMpAdita 6 vIravihAra mImAMsA (gujarAtI)

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7 azokanA zilAlekha upara daSTipAta (gujarAtI) 8 prAcIna bhArata varSanuM siMhAvakana (gujarAtI) 8 mahAkSatrapa rAjA ddhadAmA (gujarAtI) 10 mathurAno siMha dhvaja (gujarAtI) 11 jagat aura jaina darzana (saMskRta-hindI) 97 Reminisences of Vijay Dharmsuri ( English ) kauzAmbI, kusana zrI bAhubali (gemaTezvare) vagere upara paNa AcAryazrIoe samaya samaya upara lekho lakhyA che. A uparAnta hindI-gujarAtInI UMcI mAsika patrikAomAM paNa ApanA mahattvapUrNa lekha prakaTa thatA rahyA che. atyAre Apane badhe samaya sAhityanA lekhanamAM temaja mananamAM ja vyatIta thAya che. ane ApanI haMmezA e bhAvanA rahe che. ke huM bIjA paNa sArA sArA grantho lakhuM ane pragaTa karAvuM. AcAryazrIjI atyAre 78 varSanI jaipha unne pahoMcyA che. lagabhaga 35 varSothI emanA manamAM eka bhAvanA ghoLAyA karatI hatI ke Adhunika jagatane saMtoSI zake evuM aitihAsika pramANu purassara uttama mahAvIra caritra lakhuM te bhAvanAne svataMtra rIte mUrta svarUpa ApavAnI hamaNuM teoe zarUAta karI che. je temanI svayaM nirbhara zaktinuM mahAna pramANa che. jemAM lagabhaga traNa varSa lAgaze temanA ja eka aMza rUpe hindI bIjI AvRttinA parivahiMta saMskaraNa rUpe gujarAtImAM vaizAlI (basADha) ne prakAzita karI rahyA chIe. emAM kSatriyakuMDanA asalI sthAnanI zubha sthApanA vaizAlInI pAse karavAmAM AvI che. jethI vAcakone e sArI rIte jaNAI Avaze ke sAcI vastu sthiti zuM che? ane ataHkaraNa pUrvaka IcchIe chIe ke AcAryajI bhagavAna mahAvIranuM hAsika jIvana-caritra

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lakhIne janatAne AgaLa mUke jethI jagata ene vAMcIne bhagavAna mahAvIrane enA sAcA svarUpamAM oLakhe. AcAryazrIoe Aja sudhI pakSa rIte jainadharmanI je sevA karI che, have tene jagatanI sAme mUkavAnI jarUra che. jethI jaina samAjane temanA aparicita jJAnane lAbha maLe. ane saMsAra e jANe ke kevI rIte eka ziSya jJAna meLavyuM, pacAvyuM ane Aje kevI rIte enuM phaLa saMsArane maLI rahyuM che. huM Aje aDhAra varSathI temanI sevAmAM rahuM chuM. ane hamezA meM temane emaja kahetA saMbhaLyA che ke-Aje mane je kaMI A alpajJAna maLyuM che, te mAtra gurukRpAnuM ja phaLa che. bAkI kaMi nahI.' have te mATe jena-samAjane e anurodha che ke teo parama vizrata evA A AcAryazrIjInA jJAnane jeTaluM bane teTale lAbha uThAve ane temanA A mahAna kAryamAM sahAyaka banIne jaina zAsananI unnatinA bhAgI bane, basa eja IcchA. -prakAzaka

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// jagatpUjya-zAstravizArada-zrIvijayadharmasurigurubhyA nmH|| vizAlI sAlI athavA vaizAlI e ghaNuM ja jUnuM zahera che. enI sAthe bhAratanA bhinna bhinna dharmone UMDo saMbaMdha che. bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmInA "vaizAlika' nAma uparathI e spaSTa thAya che ke temane A nagaranI sAthe khAsa saMbaMdha hatuM ane temanI janmabhUmi kuDapura (kSatriyakuMDa) AnI ja pAse hatI. tethI ahIM emanI sthiti vagerenA saMbaMdhamAM vicAra karIe chIe. Arya kSetra AryAvarta athavA madhyadeza jaina, bauddho ane vaidikanI daSTithI ye hato? A traNeya dharmonA anusAra temanA zAstromAM enI vyAkhyA A pramANe karavAmAM AvI che. ka jaina daSTie | gRhat kalpa-sUtra vRtti sahita, vibhAga 3 pRSTha 913 (saMpAdaka-Agama prabhAkara munirAjazrI puNyavijayajI) mAM

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Ayaradeza ane temanI rAjadhAnIo A pramANe batAvavAmAM AvI che. Adeza rAjadhAnI 1 magadha rAjagRha 2 aMga cazmA 3 naMga tApralipti 4 kaliMga kAMcanapura 5 kAzI vArANasI 6 kezala saMketa gAjapura (hastinApura) 8 kuzArta zaurika (sIripura) 9 pAMcAla kapilya 10 jaMgala (jAMgala) ahicchatrA 1 "jAMgala' dezane artha che jaMgalamAM vaseluM nagara athavA sthAna (Worst Land). te je dezanI samIpamAM AvatuM te nAmathI bolAtuM, jema "kuru-jAMgala" ke "mAya jAgala. uttara pAMcAla deza ane gaMgAnI vacamAM "kurujAMgala" nAmane deza vaseluM hatuM. ane temAM "kAmyaka nAmanuM vana hatuM. kurudeza traNa bhAgamAM vaheMcAele hatekuru, kurukSetra ane kuru jAMgala. mahAbhArata pramANe "ahicchatrA uttara pAMcAlanI rAjadhAnI hatI. keTalAka ahicchatrapura athavA ahicchatrAne vartamAna nAgara (nAgapura)" mAne che. paraMtu

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11 saurASTra 12 videha 13 vatsa 14 zAMDilaya 15 malaya 16 mI 17 asya (a) 18 dazArNa 19 cedi 20 sidhu-sauvIra 21 zUrasena 22 bhaMgI dvAravatI mithilA kauzAmbI nadipura bhadilapura vairATa varuNa mRtikAvatI zukitamatI vItabhaya mathurA pAvA temanuM A mAnavuM yathArtha nathI. teo nAgarane nAgapuranuM vAcaka mAnIne ane ahicchatrAne paNa te ja artha thavAthI A samAnArthaka dRSTithI banene eka mAne che, paraMtu samAnArthakane kAraNe koI vastu eka nathI thaI zakatI. ame kuru-jAMgalanuM je sthAna batAvyuM che te rAmayaNanA ayodhyAkAMDanA 68 mA sarganA 13 mA lekamAM, mahAbhAratanA Adi parvanA 109 mA saganA 1 tathA 24mA plekamAM tathA vanaparvanA 10 mA sarganA 11 mA zlokamAM ane 5 mA sarganA trIjA zlokamAM AvyuM che.

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ja 23 vartara 24 kuNAla 25 lADha 2pA kekaya (adbhadeza) mAsapurI zrAvatI koTivarSa vevikA A 2pA Adeza kAyamanA che. Ano ulekha prajJApanA sUtra, sUtrakRtArganI TIkA prathama bhAga, pravacana sAreddAra vageremAM paNa che. ane bhagavatI sUtranA 1pamA zatakanuM sUtra 554mAM paNa 16 janapada gaNAvyA che, jemanA nAma A che - 1 aMga, 2 naMga, 3 magadha, 4 malaya, 5 mAlava, 6 accha, 7 vaccha, 8 kaccha, 9 pADha, 10 lADha-rAddha, 11 vajana (vajI), 12 meli (mala), 13 kAzI, 14 kesala, 15 avAha ane 16 suhetara. AmAM "mahAjanapada " zabda nathI. ane bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmInA samayamAM Arya 2 "pArzvanAtha caritam (zrI hemavijayagaNi viracita) mAM pRSTha 90 upara Ane "vRtta' tarIke lakhyuM che, kAraNa ke enuM prAkRta rUpa "vaphTa' che. ane tenAM saMskRtamAM vatta ane vRtta evA bane rUpa bane che. saMbhava che ke Aja kAraNe lekhake vRttane prayoga karyo che. kAvyamImAMsA tathA bRhatsaMhitA vageremAM vartaka' dezanuM varNana che. tethI amArI mAnyatA pramANe ahIM "vata' rUpa ja vadhAre upayukta che.

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kSetranI maryAdA nIce pramANe hatI. ___ "kappai niggaMthANa vA niggaMthINa vA purathimeNaM jAva aMgamagahAo ecae, dakkhiNeNaM jAva kosambIo, paJcatthimeNaM jAva thUNAvisayAo, uttareNa jAva kuNAlAvisayAo etae / etAva tAva kappai / etAva tAva Arie khete / No se kappai etto bAhiM / teNa paraM jattha nANa-dasaNa carittAI ussapaMti tti bemi // 50 // -bRhatkalpasUtravRttisahita, vibhAga 3, pRSTha 905-6, asya vyAkhyA-kalpate nigranthAnAM vA nigranthInAM pUrvasyAM dizi yAvadaGga-magadhAn / etuM' vihartum / aGgA nAma campApatibaddho jnpdH| magadhA rAjagRhapratibaddho dezaH / dakSiNasyAM dizi yAvat kauzAmbImetum / pratIcyAM dizi sthUNAviSayaM yAvadetum / uttarasyAM dizi kuNAlAviSayaM yAvadetum / sUtre pUrvadakSiNAdipadebhyastRtIyAnirdezo liGgavyatyayazca prAkatatvAt / etAvat tAvat kSetramavadhIkRtya viha kalpate / kutaH / ityAha etAvat tAvad yasmAdAya kSetram / no "se" tasya nirgranthasya nigrandhyA vA kalpate ' ataH' evaM vidhAd AryakSetrAd bahirvihartum / " tataH paraM" bahirdezeSu api sampratinRpatikAlAdArabhya yatra jJAna-darzana-cAritrANi 'utsapaMnti' sphAtimAsAdayanti tatra viharttavyam / ' iti' parisamAptau / bravImi iti tIrthakara-gaNadharopadezena, na tu svamanISikayeti sUtrArthaH / -bRhatkalpasUtravRttisahita vibhAga 3, pRSTha 907,

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uparanA pAThanA AdhAre AryakSetra pUrva dizAmAM magadha ane aMganI sImA sudhI, dakSiNamAM kauzAmbInI sImA sudhI, pazcimamAM sthaNa (kurukSetra )nI sImA sudhI ane uttaramAM kuNAladezanI sImA sudhI hato. A ja AryakSetramAM sAdhuone ane sAdhvIone vihAra karavAno Adeza hato. khabauddhonI mAnyatA pramANe madhyadeza nIce pramANe hato. The boundaries of the Buddhist Majjhimadesa as given in the Mahavagga (Vol. V. P. P. 12-13) may be described as having extended in the east to the town of Kajangala beyond which was the city of Mahasala; in the south east to the river salalavati (Saravati) in the south to the town of satakannika; in the west to the Brahmana district of Thuna; in the north to the Usiradhaja mountain. -Geography of Early Buddhism Page 1-2. mahAvaganA anusAre madhyadeza pUrva dizAmAM kajaMgala sudhI, dakSiNa-pUrva (Agneya ) mAM salalavatI (sarAvatI) sudhI, dakSiNamAM satakaNika sudhI, pazcimamAM thananA brAhmaNa pradeza (kurakSetra) sudhI ane uttaramAM uzIradhvaja parvata sudhI hate. 2 majjhimadeso nAma purathimadisAya kajaMgalaM nAma

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nigamo, tassa aparena mahAsAlA, tato paraM paJcantimA janapadA orato, majjhe punbadakSiNAya disAya salalavatI nAma nadI, tato paraM paJcantimA janapadA orato majjhe, dakSiNAya disAya setakaNikaM nAma nigamo, tato paraM paJcantimA janapadA orato majhe, pacchimAya disAya dhanaM nAma brAhmaNagAmo, tato paraM pacantimA janapadA ogto majjhe, uttarAya disAya usIraddhajo nAma pabbato, tato paraM paJcantimA janaMpadA orato majjheti evaM vinaye vutto pdeso| -jAtakaTThakathA-bhAratIyajJAnapIThakAzI dvArA prakAzita, pRSTha 38 3-madhyadezanI pUrva dizAmAM kajaMgala (vartamAna kaMkajela, chelle saMthAla paragaNuM (vihAra) nAmanuM meTuM gAma che. tenI AgaLa moTuM zAlavRkSonuM vana che, ane pachI AgaLa sImAnta deze. vacamAM salalavatI (vartamAna silaI nadI, hajArIbAga ane medanIpura jille) nAmanI nadI che. tenI AgaLa sImAnta deza che. dakSiNa dizAmAM saMtakaNika nAmane kare chetenI pAchaLa sImAnta deza che. pazcima dizAmAM dhUna (thAnesara) nAmanA brAhmaNanuM gAma che, tenI pachI sImAnata deza che. uttara dizAmAM uzIravija nAmaka parvata che, tenA pachI sImAnta deze che." -bauddhacarcA pRSTha 1. A upara batAvelA bauddhonA madhyadezamAM 16 mahAjana pada hatA. te A che -

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1 kAzI 2 kAzala 10 pAMcAla 3 aMga 11 maccha (masya) 4 magadha 12 zUrasena 5 vajajI 13 asaka (amaka) 6 mala 14 avantI 7 cetiya (cedI) 15 gadhAra 8 vaMza (vasa) 16 kaMbe ja ga. vaidika granthanA anusAra madhyadeza athavA AryAvarta nIce pramANe hato. 1. In the Dharmasutra of Baudhayana, Aryavarta or the Country of the Aryans (which is practically indentical with the country later on khown as Madhyadesa ) described as lying to east of the region where the river saraswati disappears, to the west of the Kalakavana or Black Forest (Identified with a tract some where near Prayaga ), to the north of Paripatra and to the south of Himalayas. -Geography of Early Buddhism. Page 1. arthAta-AryAvarta athavA madhyadeza sarasvatInadInA pUrva sudhI, kAlaka vananA pazcima sudhI, pAripAtranA uttara sudhI ane himAlayanA dakSiNa sudhI phelAyela hato..

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2 manue madhyadezanuM pramANa uttaramAM himAlaya sudhI, dakSiNamAM vikhya sudhI, pazcimamAM vinazana sudhI ane pUrvamAM prayAga sudhI batAvyuM che. himavadvindhyayormadhyaM yatmAvinazanAdapi / pratyageva prayAgAca madhyadezaH prakIrtitaH / -manusmRti 2-22 3 bRhatsaMhitAnA 14mA adhyAyamAM madhyadezanI aMdara nIcenA pradeze batAvyA che. bhadrArimedamANDavyasAlvanIpojihAnasaGkhyAtAH / maruvatsaghoSayAmunasArasvatamatsyamAdhyamikAH // 2 // mAthurakopajyotiSadharmAraNyAni zUrasenAzca / gauggrIvoddehikapANDuguDAzvatthapAzcAlAH // 3 // sAketakaGkakurukAlakoTikukurAzca pAriyAtranagaH / audumbarakApiSThalagajAhvayAzceti madhyamidam // 4 // arthAt bhadra, aribheda, mAMDavya, sAlva, nIpa, ujihAna, saMkhyAta maru, vatsa, ghoSa, yamunA ane sarasvatIne lagato pradeza, masya, mAdhyamika, mathurA, upayotiSa, dharmAraNya, zUrasena, gIragrIva, udehika, pAMDu, guDa, azva, pAMcAla, sAketa, kaMka, kura, kAlakeTi, kukara, pAriyA-parvata, audumbara, kApijhala ane hastinApura.

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vis : A madhyadeza athavA AryAvartamAM videha nAmanA prAMta hato. jeno ullekha upara karavAmAM Ave che. AnA saMbaMdhamAM jaina, bauddha ane vaidika granthamAM ghaNuM lakhyuM che. -jaina mAnyatA pramANe vihaha nAmanA sana5 (1) hatuM ane tenI rAjadhAnI mithilA hatI. 1-" iheva bhArahe vAse puradese videhA nAma jaNavao, saMpai kAle tIrahuttideso tti bhaNNai / jattha paigehaM mahuramaMjulaphalabhAroNayANi kayalIvaNANi dIsati / pahiyA ya civi. . DayANi duddhasiddhANi pAyasaM ca bhuMjaMti / pae pae vAvIkUbatalAyanaIo a mahurodagA, pAgayajaNA vi sakayabhAsavi- . sArayA aNegasatthapasatya ajjhathi niuNA ya jnnaa| tattha ridvitthamiasamiddhA mihilA nAma nayarI hunthA / saMpayaM jagaitti pasiddhA / eyAe nAidare jaNayamahArAyassa bhAuNo kaNayassa nivAsaTTANaM kaNaipuraM vtttti| -vividhatIrthakalpa pRSTha 32 1 A ja nagarImAM mallinAtha, bhagavAna zrI neminAtha bhagavAna, akapita gaNadhara ane nami nAmanA pratyekabuddha Adi thayelA che. ahIM bhagavAna mahAvIrasvAmIe 6 mAsAM sryA tai.

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musApharo 9 phanA bhAgathI prasiddha che che. arthAta- Aja bhAratavarSamAM pUrvadezamAM videha nAmano deza che. je granthakAranA samayamAM tirahutanA nAmathI prasiddha hate. jyAM pratyeka gharamAM mIThA suMdara phalanA bhArathI namelA keLanA vane dekhAya che. musAphara dUdhamAM pakAvelA piA ane khIrane khAya che. sthAne sthAne mIThA pANIvALI vAvaDIo, mUAo, taLAvo ane nadIo che. sAmAnya mANasa paNa saMskRtabhASAmAM dakSa che ane aneka prazasta AdhyAtmika zAstramAM nipuNa che. tyAM aneka addhiothI samRddha evI mithilA nAmanI nagarI che. atyAre "jagaI' nAmathI prasiddha che. enI pAse janaka mahArAjAnA bhAI kanakanuM nivAsasthAna kanakapura che. 2-'mihila videhA ya'-mithilAnagarI videhAjanapadaH / -pravacana sAroddhAra vRtti sahita, pRSTha 446 eja pramANe prajJApanA sUtra, sUtrakRtAMga TIkA, triSaSTi zalAkA puruSa caritra-parva-2 ItyAdimAM videha dezane ullekha maLe che. kha-bauddha graMtho pramANe vidvAnoe videhanA saMbaMdhamAM nIce pramANe prakAza pADyo che. 1-videha deza 300 jana vistAravALe ane enI rAjadhAnI mithilA sAta jana vistAravALI hatI. e videha dezamAM 16000 gAme, 16000 kaThAro ane

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11 16000 nAcanArI cheAkarI hatI. mithilAthI caMpA sudhI eka saDaka hatI, jenI laMbAi sATha ceAjana hatI. videhane paDakhe kAzI ane kAzala nAmanA be dezA hatA. jIe--gaMdhAra jAtaka (406) ba'gAnuvAda khaMDa-3 pRSTha 208 tathA -Dictionary of Pali proper names Part II Page 635 & 879 Mithila was the Capital of the Videhas and is celebrated in the Epics as the land of king Janaka. At the time of Buddha the Videha country was one of the eight constituent principalities of the Vajjian confederacy of these eight principalities of the Licchavis of Vesali and the Videhas of Mithila were, however, the most important. -Geography of Early Buddhism. Page 30 arthAt-mithilA videhanI rAjadhAnI hatI. mahAtmA bunA samayamAM vajjIsaMdhanA ATha pramukha sa MdhAmAMnI te eka hatI, ga-vaidika graMthAmAM 1 zatapatha brAhmaNanA prathama kAMDa [4a, 1 A.] nA anusAre videha nAma eTalA mATe paDayu ke Ane videha mAthave vasAvyu hatuM. 1 The videhas are mentioned in the Brahmana portion of the vedas as a people in a very adva

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13 sahovAca / videho mAthavaH ka'vAhaM bhavAnItyata eva he prAcInaM bhuvanamihi hovAca / saiSA tarhi kozala videhAnAM maryAdA tehi mAthavAH | 17 | 66 (2) zakti saMgama--taMtramAM lakhyu che ke gaNDakItIramArabhya campAraNyAntakaM zive / videhabhRH samAkhyAtA tIrabhuktyAbhidho manuH // gaMDakI nadIthI laIne campAraNya sudhInA pradeza videha athavA tIrabhukti [tirahuta] nAmathI prasiddha che. nced stage of civilisation. The part of the country where they lived appears to have been known by the name of Videha even in the still more ancient times of the Samhitas, for the Yajurveda Samhitas mention the cows of Videha. which appeare to have been particulary, famous in ancient India. -Tribes in Ancient India. Page 235 brAhmaNa anyAmAM videhAne ucca saMskRti ane sabhyatAmAM zreSTha mAnavAmAM AvyA che. videha nAma sahitA karatAM paNa pahelAnu jaNAya che. kAraNa ke yarjuveda saMhitAmAM videhanI gAyAnA ullekha karelA che, je ke prAcIna bhAratavarSamAM vizeSarUpe prasiddha hatI.

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3 bRhavipurANanA mithilA khaMDamAM nIcene bleka che. temAM pArAzara ane maitreyanA saMvAdamAM vaidehI tathA mithilAnuM varNana che. eSA tu mithilA rAjan viSNusAyujyakAriNI / vaidehI tu svayaM yasmAt sakRt granthivimocinI / bIjuM paNa gaGgAhimavatomadhye nadIpaJcadazAntare / tairabhuktiriti khyAto dezaH paramapAvanaH // kauzikI tu samArabhya gaNDakImadhigamya vai / yojanAni caturviMzat vyAyAmaH prikiirtitH|| gaGgApravAhamArabhya yAvaddhamavataM vanam / vistAraH SoDazaH prokto dezasya kulnndn!|| mithilA nAma nagarI tatrAste lokavizrutA / paJcabhiH kAraNaiH puNyA vikhyAtA jagatItraye // A kalekenA artha pramANe videhanA pUrvamAM kauzikI (AjakAlanuM kozI), pazcimamAM gaMDakI, dakSiNamAM gaMgA ane uttaramAM himAlaya che. pUrva dizAthI pazcimanI tarapha 180 mAIla (24 jana) ane uttaradizAthI dakSiNanI tarapha 125 mAIla [16 jano che. A tairabhukti athavA videhamAM mithilA nAmanI nagarI che.

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15 4 Aja bRhaviSNu purANanA mithilAkhaMDamAM mithilAnA bAra nAmeA gaNAvyA che. mithilA tairamuktizva, vaidehI naibhikAnanam / jJAnazIlaM kRpApIThaM, svarNalAGgalapaddhatiH / jAnakI janmabhUmizra, nirapekSA vikalmaSA | rAmAnanda kaTI, vizvabhAvanI nityamaGgalA || iti dvAdaza nAmAni mithilAyAH // sadA bhuvanasampanno nadI tIreSu saMsthitaH / tIreSu yuktiyogena tairabhuktiriti smRtaH // nadInA kAMThA upara Avela hAvAthI A prAnta (bhukti)nu nAma 'tIrabhukti ' rAkhavAmAM AvyuM che. jenuM Adhunika rUpa ' tirahuta' che. yAnAM pyAra nAbhI upara gaeNAvavAmAM yAvyA che. I (5) gaGgAyAH uttarataH videhadezaH / dezo'yaM vedopaniSatpurANagIyamAnAnAM janakAnAM rAjyam / asyaiva nAmAntaraM mithi - lA | rAjyasya rAjadhAnyA api mithileva nAmadheyaM babhUva / samprati nepAladezasannikRSTA janakapurI nAma nagarI janakAnAM rAjadhAnI sambhAvyate / mithilAnAmnA nRpatinA sthApitaM mithilArAjyamiti purANAni kathayanti / -bhArata-bhUgoja pRSTha 37. arthAta-gaMgAnA uttaramAM videha deza che. AnuM ja bIjuM nAma mithilA che. AnI rAjadhAnI paNa mithilA hatI. hAlanI

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janakapurI eja prAcIna rAjadhAnI hatI. purANomAM lakhyuM che ke-mithilA nAmanA rAjAe A mithilA rAjyanI sthApanA karI hatI. 6 bhaviSyapurANa pramANe niminA putra mithie mithilA nagarI vasAvI hatI. nimeH putrastu tatraiva mithirnAma mahAn smRtH| pUrva bhujabalaiyana tairahUtasya pArvataH // nirmitaM svIyanAmnA ca mithilApuramuttamam / purIjananasAmarthyAjanakaH sa ca kIrtitaH / / zrImad bhAgavatamAM niminA putra janake mithilA athavA videha vasAvAne ullekha che. arAjakabhayaM nRNAM manyamAnA maharSayaH / dehaM mamanthuH sma nimeH kumAra samajAyata / / janmanA janakaH so'bhUt vaidehastu videhajaH / mithilo mathanAjjato mithilA yena nirmitA / uparanA uddharaNethI e spaSTa thAya che ke videha nAmano eka prAnta hato. enA bAra nAmamAM tIrabhukti paNa eka nAma che. bhaktine artha thAya che prAnta. bhakti zabdane prAnta artha eka te upara ApelA zaktisaMgamataMtranA zlekathI prakaTa thAya che, ane bIjuM udAharaNa-guptakAlIna zilA

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. 17 lekhAmAM eka ThekANe ' bhukti ' zabda vAparelA che, jenA artha paNa prakaraNa pramANe jotA bhuktinA artha prAnta thAya che. matalaba ke AryAvartanA eka prAnta vidyu hatA, ane te prAntanI rAjadhAnI mithilA hatI. vaizAlI A videha dezanI rAjadhAnI pAchaLathI mithilAmAMthI bahulAIne vaizAlImAM gaI hatI. vaizAlInA sambandhamAM traNa mukhya dharmAMnI mAnyatA nIce pramANe hatI, * bauddha dRSTikANa 1. The Vajjis, like the Licchavis, are often associated with the city of Vesali which was not only the Capital of the Licchavi clan, but also the metropoli's of the entire confederacy. 'A Buddhist tradition quoted by Rockhill (Life of the Buddha, P. 62.) mantions the city of Vesali as consisting of three districts. these districts were probably at one time the seats of three different clans. -G. of Early Buddhism Page 12 arthAt-vaizAlI devala licchavionI ja rAjadhAnI na hatI, paraMtu saMpUrNa vaDsaMdhanI rAjadhAnI hatI, vaizAlImAM traNa gaDha hatA.

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. gaDhanA pramANa mATe ame ahIMA khAtakakathA'nuM (bhAratIya jJAnapITha kAzI) ' ekapaNa jAtaka' pRSTha 366nuM uddharaNa ApIe chIe. "rerAsTina nAgutagAputAre tohi pakArehi parikkhitaM, tIsu ThAnesu gopuraTTAlakoTTakayuttaM / " arthAta- "vaizAlI nagaramAM babbe mAIla (nAgutAlu) pachI eka eka gaDha hatuM ane temAM traNa sthAno upara agAsIo sahita pravezadvAra banelAM hatAM. AvI ja rIte, lema haMsa jAtaka" pRSTha 283mAM paNa lakhyuM che. jemake - ...retA iri pApa gajjare......." Ajatasattu is called Vedehiputto or Vaidehiputra......goes to show that king Bimbisara established metrimonial alliance with the Licchavis by marrying a Licchavi princess. - G. of Early Buddhism page-13 ajAtazatrune vaidehIputra kahevAmAM Ave che, ethI spaSTa che ke bibisAre (zreNike) licchavI rAjakumArI sAthe lagna karIne licchavio sAthe vaivAhika sandhi-saMbaMdha bAMdhyo hate. 2. videhane rAjA karAla janaka bahu kAmI hato ane eka kanyA upara balAtkAra karavAne kAraNe prajAe tene mArI nAkhe hato. ghaNuM karIne karAla videhano chello rAjA hatA prAyaH tenI hatyA pachI ja tyAM rAjasattAne aMta AvI gayo

Page #103
ane saMdha-rAjaya sthApita thayuM. sAtamI- chaThThI zatAbdi I. pU. mAM videhanI pADozamAM vaizAlImAM paNa saMdha. rAjaya hatuM; tyAM licchavI leke rahetA hatA. videhe ane licchavIonA judA judA saMghe ApasamAM maLIne eka ja saMdha ke gaNarUpe banI gayA hatA ane tenuM nAma vRji (ke vajija) gaNa hatuM..... AkhA vRjisaMghanI rAjadhAnI paNa vaizAlI ja hatI. enI cAre tarapha traNa gaDha hatA. jemAM ThekANe ThekANe moTA meTA daravAjA ane paherA bharavAnA mInArAe banelA hatA. -bhAratIya itihAsanI rUparekhA bhAga 1, pRSTha 10-313 kha. vaidika daSTikoNa 1. rAmAyaNanA bAlakAMDamAM sarga 47mAM lakhyuM che keikssvaako'stu naravyAghraputraH paramadhArmikaH / alambuSAyAmutpanno vizAla iti vizrutaH / / - tera jANI9i sthAne virAti puchatA 22-22! ikvAku rAjAnI rANu alaMbujAnA putra vizAle vizAlA nagarI vasAvI. 2. bhAgavata purANanA navamA skandha a. 2, zloka 33mAM vizAle vaizAlI nagarI vasAvI, evuM varNana che. . "vizANo vaMza nA vaipANI nirmae gaNA"

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20 The seat of the central government shifted from Janakapura in the Nepal Tarai to Vaisali (Modern Basarha in the district of Muzaffarpur ) which came into prominence in the 6th century B. C. --History of Tirhut By S. N. Singh. page-54-35 arthAt--janakapura ( mithilA) nI kendrIya sarakAra ahIMthI UThIne vaizAlI ( Adhunika basADha, mujaphpharapura jIllAnI aMdara AveluM ) mAM AvI gaI hatI.1 ga. jana dRSTikANa itazca vasudhAvadhvA maulimANikyasannibhA / vaizAlIti zrIvizAlA nagaryastyagarIyasI // 184 // AkhaMDala iva/khaMDazAsanaH pRthivIpatiH / ceTIkRtAribhUpAlastatra ceTaka ityabhUt // 185 / / - triSaSTizalAkA puruSa caritraparva - 10 pRSTha 77 arthAta dhanadhAnyathI bharapura vizAla vaizAlI nAmanI nagarI che. tenA para ceTakanu zAsana hatuM. - tae NaM se kUNierAyA tettIsAe dantisahassehi tettIsAe Asasahasserhi tettIsAe rahasa hassehi tettIsAe maNussakoDI hiM 1 rAisa DeviDsanI mAnyatA pramANe videhanI rAjadhAnI mithilA vaizyalIthI uttara-pazcimamAM 35 mAIla upara hatI. --jue buddhisTa inDiyA, pRSTha 26

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saddhi saMpurikhuDe saciDDhIe jAva raveNaM subhehi vasaIhiM subhehi pAyarAsehiM nAivigiTeDi antarAvAsehiM vasamANe vasamANe aMgabaNavayassa majjhaM majheNaM jeNeva videhe jaNavae jeNeva vesAlI nayarI, teNeva pahAretya gamaNAe -nirayATiyAgo, 98-2 arthAta- tyAre rAjA keNike 33 hajAra hAthIo sAthe, 33 hajAra ghoDAo sAthe, 33 hajAra rathe sAthe ane 33 koDa manuSya sAthe badhI sulabha sAmagrIo sAthe aMga janapadanI vaccethI nikaLI videha janapadanI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI nagarI tarapha prayANa karyuM. vaizAlI athavA Adhunika basADha rAjA vizAle vasAvI hoya te kAraNe AnuM nAma vizAlA athavA vaizAlI paDayuM hoya ke pachI bhI tene traNa vAra dUra khaseDIne ane vizAla karavAne lIdhe AnuM nAma vaizAlI paDayuM hoya paraMtu A eka vizAla nagarI jarUra hatI. Aja kAla 1 che. tribhuvanadAse prAcIna bhAratavarSa' nAmanA pitAnA pustakamAM aMga dezane madhyapradezanA nAmathI oLakhAvyo che. Aja pustakanA bhAga pahele pRSTha 46 nA nakazA pramANe je kuNiya rAjAnA mArganI zodha karavI hoya te rAjA kuNiyane magadhadevanI vacamAM thaIne videha javuM paDayuM haze. upara batAvelA "nirayAvaliyAonA pATha pramANe aMgathI videDamAM javA mATe vacamAM koI deza hete paDanetethI Do. sAhebanI mAnyatA kevala mAtra kalpanA ja che.

Page #106
A sthAna basADha nA nAmathI prasiddha che. basAnI AsapAsa mAIla sudhI phelAyelA junA khaMDere A vAtanI sAkSI pUre che. atyAre je sthAna upara basADha, baniyA, kahuA, kumana chaparAgAchI ane vAsukuMDa vaselA che. te potAnA pUrvavartI prAcIna nagara vaizAlI, vANijayagrAma, kellAga sanniveza, karNAgrAma ane kuDapuranI sUcanA mAtra Ape che. prAcIna vAcha1 gaNataMtranI rAdhAnI vaizAlI hatI. A dezanA zAsaka licchavIra kSatriya hatA. ane teo gaMgAnA uttara videhadezamAM vasatA hatA. jenA pramANe ame. nIce ApIe chIe. A pramANenA AdhAre vAcake pitAnI buddhithI e vAtane nirNaya kare ke jeo lakavADa (muMgera challe-modAgiri)ne licchavionI bhUmi athavA rAjadhAnI hatI ema mAne che. teonI dhAraNe keTalI brAnta ane anarthamUlaka che. 1 licchavi ane videhanA rASTranuM nAma "vajajI' hatuM. vajajI koI judI jAti na hatI. mahAparinivvAnasuranI TIkAmAM lakhyuM che ke-dhrusa na vaLI mA " arthAt "vajI' rASTranuM nAma hatuM. 2 divyAvadAnamAM AnuM nAma "lichivi che. che paraMtu mahAvastumAM Ane ja levI' rUpe lakhyuM che. bauddha granthane je anuvAda cInI bhASAmAM thayo che, temAM licchavI" ane lechavI" banne rUpe maLe che. "sUtrakRtAMga" ane "kalpasUtra" Adi jena-zAstromAM AnuM prAkRta rUpa "lecchaI' che. jenuM saMskRta

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" Vesali-a city, capital of the Licchavis -Dictionary of Pali proper Names Part II page~940 arthAt-vaizAlI livienI rAjadhAnI hatI. vaizAlI vivienI rAjadhAnI DhAvAne lIdhe te magadha ke aMga dezamAM na hoI zake. kAraNa ke tyAM licchavienuM kyAreya rAjya na hatu. temanu rAjya videhradezamAM gaMgAnI uttaramAM hatuM. 17 " kha- vajjI ( licchavI ane videaAnuM rASTra ) ane magadha janapadeAnI vacce gaMgA nadrInI sImA hatI. '' mrutta nikAya, bhUmikA prathama bhAga, pRSTha 3 rUpa TIkAkArAe karelA pramANe ' lecchakI * che. kullUkabhaTTa ane rAdhavAnanda nAmanA baMgAlI TIkAkAroe Ane * nicchitiva' rUpe lakhyuM je. je dhaNu karIne prAcIna baMgalA bhASAmAM lakAra ane nakArane samAna mAnavAne kAraNe bhramathI thaI gayuM lAge che. manusaMhitA ' moM jolI ane khulahara bannee ' li Ava ' pATha rAkhyA che ( jIeTAimsa Ina enthiyanTa InDiyA, pRSTha 694 thI 296) kullUka bhaTTathI medhAtithi 600 varSa pahelA ane gAvindarAja 300 varSa pahelA thaI gayA che. A bannee licchivi' pATha ApyA che. - pAIasada mahuvA'mAM 'linrI' ane leI banne paryAyavAcI che ane leInuM saMskRta 358 lecchakI ' che. ' Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat C www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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(-1) " We are told that king Bimbisara had . the road all the way from Rajagaha to the Ganges decorated with flags and garlands, and that the Licchavis too had decorated the road from the Ganges to Vesali" -Geography of Early Buddhism, page-10 arthAta-rAjagRhathI laIne gaMgA sudhIne Akho rasto bimbisAre vajA patAkAothI zaNagArI rAkhyuM hatuM. ane teja pramANe lichavioe gaMgAthI vaizAlI sudhIne mArga zaNagAryo hate. (a) " North of the Magadhas and on the other side of the Ganges were tribes of Vajjis. (chief town of Vesali ) and still farther north the Mallas " -The life of Buddha by E. J. Thomas. page-13 lichavi ane vajajI (saM. vRji) paryAyavAcI che; (dekhe TrA. I. e. InDiyA, pRSTha 311) manue livione vAtya lakhyA che. (manusmRti adhyAya 10, zleka 10 ) arthAta licchava manunA mate hIna kSatriya hatA. paraMtu lichavi hIna kSatriya na hatA A leke brAhmaNa dharmanA anuyAyI na hevAthI tathA arvata ane citya (jinAlaya) nI pUjA karatA hatA tethI manue A lekene vAtya tarIke lakhyA lAge che. AnuM varNana atharvavedamAM paNa maLe che.

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arthAta-magadhanA uttaramAM ane gaMgAnI pele pAra yajIonI jAti hatI. [mukhya nagara vaizAlI ane tenAthI paNa uttaranI tarapha male rahe che. " The City of Vaisali (Basarh in the Muzaffarpur district of Bihar ) the Capital of powerful Licchavi clan, was a strong hold of Buddhism in the early days." -- 2500 years of Buddhism, page-320 arthAta licchavivaMzanI zaktizALI rAjadhAnI vaizAlI (vihAranA mujaphapharapura jillAnuM basADha) nagara zarUAtanA divasomAM bauddhadharmane eka kille hate. jainagranthamAM 6 Arya jAtionuM varNana che. te jAtienAM nAma A pramANe hatA:-1 uca, 2 bhAga, 3 rAjanya,4 jJAta', 5 kura, ane 6 IvA rattI paragaNAmAM basADha gAma che. 1 jJAtane mATe prAkRtamAM nAya, nAta ane nAtha zabdane prayoga thayela che. jJAta zabdano prayoga paNa ghaNe sthaLe thayela che. - juo bahatakapasatra vRti sahita vibhAga-5, patra -12-14

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26 ahIM jayariyA leke rahe che. rAhula sAMkRtyAyananA matAnusAra Aja prAcIna jJAtake che. A ja A gaNataMtranA saMcAlaka ane tIrthakara bhagavAna mahAvIranA janmadAtA hatA. A jAtimAM janma levAne lIdhe bhagavAna mahAvIra "nAtapura, "jJAtaputra athavA "jJAtRputra" kahevAya che. buddhanA samayamAM gaMgAthI basADha athavA vaizAlI 3 jana (24 mAIla) dUra hatI. AjakAla paTaNAthI 27 mAIla. ane hAjIpurathI 20 mAIla uttaramAM mujaphapharapura jillAmAM basADha gAma che. basADhathI be mAIla dUra bakharAnI pAse azoka stambha che. AnuM prathama nirIkSaNa seMTa mATina ane janarala, kanidhAme karyuM hatuM. Aja pheMkAe basADhanA prAcIna khaMDere. tarapha dhyAna kheMcyuM hatuM. 1903-4mAM Do.blAkhanI dekharekha nIce khedakAma thayuM hatuM. tyAra pachI 1913-14mAM DaoNkaTara pUnare khedAI-kAma karAvyuM hatu. khAsa karIne mehare. ane mATInA banelA padArtho maLyA che. A sthAna AjakAla "rAjAvizAlane gaDha' nA nAmathI prasiddha che. A vistRtAkAra che. IMTothI bhareluM UMcuM sthAna che. Ane gherAvo lagabhaga eka mAIlamAM che. De. blAkhanA mApanA hisAbe A gaDha uttaramAM 7pa7 phITa, dakSiNamAM 780 phITa, pUrvamAM 1655 phITa tathA pazcimamAM 1650 phITa lAMbe che. AjubAjunA khetaro karatAM khaDerAnI uMcAI lagabhaga

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27 8 phITa che. AnI traNa bAju-dakSiNa dizAne cheDIne eka khAI jevuM che. A atyAre 125 phITa paDhALI che. paraMtu kanidhAme AnI paheALAI 200 phITa lakhI che. jethI gaDhanA traNa tarap taLAva DhAvAnuM anu ziyALAmAM dakSiNa bAju mAna thAya che. varSA RtumAM ane thaIne gaDha upara jaI zakAya che. gaDhanI pAse lagabhaga 300 gaja dUra dakSiNa-pazcimamAM eka stUpa che. A iTAnA banelA che. ane AjubAjunA khetarAthI 23 phITa ane 8 IMca UMcA che. dharatI upara enA vyAsa 140 phITa che. A stUpanI carcA cInIee nathI karI. ahIMA stUpanI pAse khAdAi kAma karatAM madhyakAlIna yuganA be suMdara kAtarelA pattharanA thAMbhalAo maLyA che. gaDhanI pazcime bAvana taLAvAnI uttarIya TekarA upara eka nhAnu evuM Adhunika ma Mdira che, tyAM keTalIe madhyakAlIna khaDita buddha, bodhisattva, viSNu, hara-gaurI, gaNeza, saptamAtRkA temaja jaina tIya karAnI pratimA prApta thai che. ahIM A sauthI vadhAre mahattvapUrNa` je cIjo maLelI che, te mahArAjAe mahArANIe tathA bIjA adhikArIonI peAtAnA nAmathI akti sekaDA mArA che. te meAharA upara je kaMI lakheluM che tenA keTalAka namUnA nIce ApIe chIe. 1 mahArAjAdhirAjazrI candragupta - patnI mahArAjazrIgo

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20 vindaguptamAtA mahAdevI zrI dhruvasvAminI. artha - mahArAjAdhirAjA zrIcaMdraguptanI patnI, mahArAja zrI gevindaguptanI mAtA mahAdevI zrI dhruva svAminI. 2. yuvAnamaTTAra--navIya cAdhistaraNa | artha-mAnanIya yuvarAjana sainyanI ophIsa 3 zrI paramabhaTTAraka pAdIya kumArAmAtyAdhikaraNa | a- rAjAnI sevAmAM lIna kumAranA maMtrInI ophIsa, 4 daNDapAzAdhikaraNa / a - polIsanA vaDAnI AmrIsa, 5 tIraktyuparikAdhikaraNa | artha - tirahuta (tIrabhukti)nA rAjyapAlanuM kAryAlaya. 6 tIrabhuktau vinayasthitisthApakAdhikaraNa | artha - tIrabhuktinA samAcAra-saMzodhakanuM kAryAlaya. 7 vaizAlyadhiSThAnAdhikaraNa | artha - vaizAlI nagarInA rAjya-zAsananuM kAryAlaya. aniyA ane cakarAmadAsa basADha gaDhathI uttara-pazcimamAM lagabhaga eka mAIla dUra aniyAgAma che. enA dakSiNI bhAga cakarAmadAsa che. eca.

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bI. Dablyu. airike ahIM be pattharanI mUrtio hovAne ullekha karyo che. je ra" 2"x144 3 ane 1" 10 x 1" 43" hatI. ahIMA keTalAka mATInA padArtho, mUrtio ane sikkAo maLelA che. mATIno banelo dI (dIveTa) paNa temAM eka che. gaLAmAM paheravAnI keTalIka cIjo paNa maLelI che. gaDha ane cakarAmadAsanI vacce lagabhaga aDadhe mAIla lAMbu eka taLAva che. je ghoDadauDa nAmathI prasiddha che. cakarAmadAsanA dakSiNa pazcimamAM keTalAka UMcA sthaLe che. jenA upara prAcIna khaDere maLelA che. kahuA gaDhathI uttara-pazcimamAM be mAIla upara huAmAM azoka staSNa, bakharAthI dakSiNa-pUrva dizAmAM 1 mAIla ] stUpa ane markaTa hada (Adhunika nAma rAmakuMDa) che. vaizAlInA saMbaMdhamAM huenasAMge je varNana karyuM che, te barAbara Ane malatuM Ave che. huenasAMge vaizAlInA rAjaprAsAdane gherA - palI batAve che. ane gaDhano gherAva 5000 phITathI kaMIka ocho che. A banne bAbato eka bIjAne ghaNI ja maLatI Ave che. A cInI parivrAjake lakhyuM che ke -"uttara pazcimamAM azake banAvela eka stUpa hato ane 50 ke 60 phITa uMco eka thAMbhale hatA, jenA zikhara upara siMha katarela hate. thAMbhalAnI dakSiNe eka taLAva hatuM. jayAre buddha A ThekANe rahetA

Page #114
hatA tyAre temanA vaparAzane mATe A khAdavAmAM AvyuM hatuM. taLAvaDAthI kaMIka dUra pazcimamAM eka bIjo stUpa hatA. A te sthAne banela hato ke jyAM vAnarAoe buddhane madha ApyuM hatuM. taLAvaDAnA uttara pUrva khUNAmAM vAMdarAnI eka mUrti hatI." AjakAla AnI sthiti nIce pramANe jovA maLe che-- kahuAmAM eka thAMbhale che jenA upara siMhanI AkRti che. AnA uttaramAM azeke banAveluM eka stUpa che. stUpanA dakSiNa tarapha rAmakuMDa nAmathI prasiddha eka taLAva che. je bauddha-iti. hAsamAM "markaTahRda'nA nAmathI prasiddha che. azoka stanma "bhImanI lAThInA nAmathI ahIM prasiddha che. A jamInathI 21 phITa 8 IMca UMcuM che. thAMbhalAne Uparane bhAga 2 phITa 10 iMca UMce che, ane ghaMTInA AkArano che AnA upara patharanI zilA che jenA upara uttarAbhimukha siMha beThele che. janarala kaniMdhAme 14 phITa nIce sudhI AnuM khodakAma karAvyuM hatuM. ane te pAye nIce paNa evo ja cIkaNe jaNa hatuM, je upara che. thAMbhalAthI uttaramAM 20 gaja dUra eka TUTele stUpa che. A 15 phITa UMce che. jamIna upara A vyAsa 65 phITa che, ane AmAM lAgelI IMTanuM mApa 1ra 4 9 23 che, stUpanI upara eka Adhunika maMdira che. temAM vivalanI

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nIce bhUmiparza mudrAmAM beThelI buddhanI eka vizAla mUrti che. je muguTa hAra ane kAnanA AbhUSaNa sahita che. buddhanA masta* nI banne bAjue muguTa ane AbhUSaNa paherelI be beThelI mUtio che. temanA hAthe evI rIte rahelA che ke jANe teo prArthanA na karI rahyA hoya. A banne hAnI mUrtionI nIce nIcenI paMktio nAgarI lipimAM lakhelI che. -- 1 deyadharmo'yam pavaramahAyAnayAyinaH karaNikocchAha (=utsA) mA (f) javA-sutA. 2 yadatrapuNyam tat bhvtvaacaaryopaadhyaay-maataapitoraatmvaca pUchAma (4)- 3 tvA sakala-sa(da ) tvarAzeranuttara-jJAnAvAptayati / " arthAt - mANikyanA putra lekhaka ane mahAyAnanA parama anuyAyI utsAhe dharmapUrvaka kareluM A dAna che. AnAthI je kaMI puNya upArjana thAya te AcArya, upAdhyAya, mAtA-pitA ane pitAnAthI laIne samasta prANImAtranA anaMta kalyANanI prApti mATe thAo." stambhathI 50 phITa dUra rAmakuMDa athavA markaTada che. jenA kAMThA para kUTAgArazAlA hatI. TAgAzAlAmAM ja budde Anandane pitAnA nirvANunI sUcanA ApI hatI. khedakAma karatAM prarvathI pazcima tarapha jatI eka moTI bhIMta maLI che. je

Page #116
pAkI IMTonI banelI che. IMTe 15" x 8 42" che. bhIMtanA pazcima cheDe eka nhAnA stUpanA avazeSo maLyA che. A stUpanI ghaNI IMTa Amatema paDelI che. savA sAta IMcanA vyAsavALI eka goLa IMTa hatI jeno uparano bhAga goLa hate. AnA vacamAM eka goLa kANuM hatuM. kaniMdhAmanuM mAnavuM che ke A IMTa stUpanA zikhara paranI haze. kehuA, baniyA ane basADhanI pazcimamAM bArI nAlA" nAmanI nadIne paTa ghaNe dUra sudhI phelAyelo che. atyAre AmAM khetI thAya che. ahIMA eka evI lekekti cAle che ke prAcIna vaizAlInI cAre tarapha khUNAomAM cAra zivaliMga hatA. parantu Ane keI AdhAra maLatuM nathI. ane enI sAbItI mATe na kAI pramANa che. uttara-pUrvI "mahAdeva je kUmanachAparAgAchImAM che te vAratavamAM buddhanI mUrti che. je caturmukha che. uttara-pazcimamAM eka ArasapAhaNanuM liMga baneluM che je bilakula Adhunika che. ahiMnA leke A bannene mahAdevanA rUpamAM khUba ja bhaktibhAvathI pUje che. vaizAlImAM cInI yAtrI - vaizAlImAM phAhiyAna ane huenasAMga vagere cInI yAtrIo AvyA hatA. e lekoe pitAnA pravAsa-varNanemAM enuM varNana karyuM che.

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phAhiyAne lakhyuM che ke- vaizAlI nagaranA uttaramAM rahelA "mahAvanamAM kUTAgAravihAra che ke je buddhadevanuM nivAsasthAna che. AnaMdano ardhAMga svapa che. zaheramAM aMbapAlI nAmanI vezyA rahetI hatI. teNe buddhadevane stUpa banAvarAvyuM, te haju sudhI te ja che. zaheranA dakSiNamAM traNa lI upara aMbapAlI vezyAno bagIco che, je teNe buddhadevane dAnamAM Avyo ke teo AmAM rahe. buddhadeva parinivaNane mATe jayAre zikhyo sAthe vaizAlInA pazcima daravAje thaIne nikaLyA to jamaNI tarapha vaizAlI nagarane joIne ziSyane kahyuM ke A mArI chellI vidAya che, pachI leke e tyAM stUpa banAvarAvyuM. ahIMthI pazcima tarapha traNa cAra "lI" upara eka stUpa che. buddhadevanA parinirvANa pachI se varSa bAda vaizAlInA bhikSakoe vinaya daza-zIlanI viruddha AcaraNa karyuM hatuM. A sthaLethI cAra yojana AgaLa cAlIne pAMca nadIenA saMgama upara pahoMcyA. Ananda parinirvANa mATe magadhathI vaizAlI gaye. devatAoe ajAtazatrune khabara ApI. ajAtazatru tarata ja senA sAthe ratha upara caDIne nadI upara pahoMcyo. vazAlInA lichavioe paNa AnaMdanuM Agamana sAMbhaLyuM ane satkAra karavA nadI upara jaI pahoMcayA. Ananda vicAryuM ke, AgaLa jaIza te ajAtazatrune khoTuM lAgaze ane pAchA vaLIza to licchavio rAkaze. pariNAme teoe nadInI vacamAM

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ja "terolina' (tenA ) samAdhivaDe parinirvANa prApta karyuM. zarIrane be bhAgamAM vibhakta karI eka eka bhAga bane kAMThAo upara pahoMcADyo ane banne rAjAone aDadhe aDadhe zarIrane bhAga maLe. teo te laIne pAchA vaLI gayA ane potapotAnA sthAne stUpa banAvarAvyA." huenasAMge pitAnI yAtrA-prakaraNamAM lakhyuM che ke - A rAjyanuM kSetrapala lagabhaga pAMca hajAra lIra che-bhUmi uttama ane upajAU che. phala ane phUla khUba thAya che, khAsa karIne karI ane keLAM, ane leke ene upaga paNa khaba kare che. havA-pANI svabhAvika ane anukULa Ave evAM che, ane manuSyanAM AcaraNa zuddha ane pavitra che. ahIMnA lokonI dharma-pratye ruci che, ane vidyAnI khUba ja kadara karanArAM che. vireAdhI ane bauddho bane maLIne rahe che. keI seMkaDe saMdhArAme ahIM hatAM paraMtu te badhAM khaMDera thaI gayA che. keI becAra 1 eka prakArane yogAbhyAsa che; jemAM AMkhane teja khaMDa upara lagAvIne dhIre dhIre AkhA bhUmaMDalane tejomaya jevAnI bhAvanA karavAmAM Ave che. buddhacaryA - pRSTha 583 2 kaniMdhAmanI enaziyansa jiogrAphI opha InDiyA (saM. zrI. surendranAtha majamUdAra)mAM pRSTha 657 upara 1 mAIlane 5.925 athavA 6 lI lagabhaga mAnI che. eka janAmAM 8 mAIla mAnavAmAM Ave che. 3 AjakAla paNa eja sthiti che.

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bAkI che paraMtu temAM sAdhuo nathI. keI ThekANe che te bahu ja cheDA. dasa vIsa mandira devatAonA che, jemAM aneka matAnuyAyIo upAsanA kare che. jainadharmane mAnanArAo moTI saMkhyAmAM che. vaizAlInuM pradhAna zahera bIlakula ujajaDa che. AnuM kSetraphala 6thI70 lI sudhI ane rAjamahelane vistAra cAra ke pAMca balInA gherAvAmAM che. ghaNA ochA leke AmAM rahe che. rAjadhAnInA pazcimottara pAMca ke cha lI dUra eka saMdhArAma che. AmAM keTalAka sAdhuo rahe che. A leke sammatIya saMsthA pramANe hInayAna saMpradAyanA anuyAyI che. kSatriyakuMDa basADhanI pAse vAsukuMDa nAmanuM sthAna che, je prAcIna kSatriyakuMDanuM sthAnApanna che. jaina zAstramAM Ane sthAna nirdeza karatAM lakhyuM che ke - 1 asthi iha bharahavAse majjhimadesasma maNDaNaM paramaM / sirikuNDagAmanayaraM vasumaismaNItilayabhUyaM // 7 // -nemicandrarikRta mahAvIracariyaM patra 26 bhAratanA majajhama (madhyadeza) mAM kuMDagrAma nagara che. 2 jambuddIve dIve mArahe vAse ... dAhiNamAhiNakuMDapurasaMnivesAo uttarakhattiyakuMDapurasanivesi nAyANaM khatiyANa

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ka6 siddhatthassa khattiyassa kAsavaguttassa tisalAe khattiyANIe vAsiTThasaguttAe asubhANaM puggalANaM avahAraM karittA subhANaM puggalANaM pakkheva karittA kucchisi gambhaM shiri| -mavA IFsUtra (Ta sahita). patra 208 jabUdvIpanA bhAratavarSamAM dakSiNa brAhmaNakuDapura-sani- vezathI (cAlIne)uttara kSatriyakuDapura sannivezamAM jJAtukSatrinA kAzyapagotrIya siddhArthakSatriya (rAjA)nI (patnI) vAsigotrIya trizalA kSatriyANI (rANI)nI kukSimAM azubha pudgalene dUra karIne zubha-pudagalone nAkhIne garbha-praveza karAve che. - 3 bhagavAnane AcArAhmasUtramAM videhavAsI kahyA che. je ke TIkAkAroe AnA ekaja jevA artho karyA che, parantu te ThIka nathI. nIce ame kalpasUtramAM AvelA "videha' zabdano pramANapUrvaka khulAse karIe chIe. te uparathI vAcake satya samajI zakaze. (ka) kalpasUtramAM Avela videha saMbaMdhI pATha nIce pramANe che. "nAe nAyaputte nAyakulacande videhe videhadinne videhajacce videhasUmAle tIsaM vAsAI videhaMsi kahu~ / " sUtra 8. Aja pATha AcArAMgasUtramAM paNa che.

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37 ' zrI vinayavijayajI upAdhyAye banAvelI 'kalpasUtra' uparanI potAnI 'subeAdhikA' nAmanI TIkAmAM 'vidyu' zabdanA artha " (videhe) vajraRSabhanArAcasaMhananasamacaturasrasaMsthAnamanoharatvAt viziSTo vaido yasya nA viveda:''(4 262,63) karyo che, je sa gata nathI lAgatA. ema lAge che ke AvazyakaNi 'neA pATha teeAnA jovAmAM nathI AvyA. jo joyA hAta teA AvA a na karata. AvazyakacUrNinA pATha ame nIce ApIe chIe, jAte NAtapute NAtakulaviNivaTTe videhe videhadine videhajacce videhasramAle sattussehe samacauraMsa saMThANasahite vajJarisabhaNArAya saMghayaNe aNulomavAyuvege kaMkaragahaNI cothAme / ' 66 * 9 . ke. peDhI. tAmaprANita ' AvazyamULi. ' rR. 262 AmAM videha zabda hAvA chatAM paNa kalpasUtranA TIkAkArAe videha zabdanA je artha karyo che te ahIM judI 4 rIte samacauraMsa saMThANasahite vajjarisibhaNArAyasaMghayaNe " A zabdomAM rahelA che. AnAthI e spaSTa thAya che ke temanuM dhyAna bhagavAnanI janmabhUmi tarapha----je khAsa bAbata hatI, na jatAM temanA zarIranA baMdhAraNa (vaRSabhanArAca saMdhayaNu ane samacaturasasaMsthAna) nI tara vadhAre gayuM. DaoN. jaikAbIe 'vijJa' zabdanA artha khuba saMgata karyuM che. teeAe 'sacred books of the East' nA 22mA

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38 vibhAganA pRSTha 256 upara Ane artha A videha %0 arthAt 'videhavAsI karcI che. parantu ' vive62 'nA artha A native of videha * arthAt 'videha nivAsI karyo che. je ke ThIka nathI. * vilena< ne artha 'videha dezamAM zreSTha ' hovA joIe, kAraNa ke ' no nAya : 'nA artha utkRSTa ' karavAmAM AvyeA che. jema ' nAhyaH sarjAi tyartha:| * ( Avazyakaniyukita hAribhadrIya TIkA patra 183 | 1. ) 1 ( kha) have ame amArA uparanA arthanA samana mATe kalpasUtra 'nI ' sandehaviSauSadhiTIkA ' [zrI jinaprabhasUriSkRta] nuM urdUraNa ApIe chIe: " ,, eteSAM ca padAnAM kApi vRrttinaM dRSTA, ato vRddhAmnA cAnthAvi mAnanIyAna " ( pRSTha 95) arthAt A padenI vyAkhyA kAI paNa ThekANe jovAmAM nathI AvI. tethI paramparAthI judA artha paNa tenA thaI zake che. A uddharaNathI amArI dhAraNAne pUrepUrA TekA maLe che, emAM jarA paNa sandeha nathI. - (ga ) amArI mAnyatAnu vizeSa samarthana kalpasUtranA baMgAlI anuvAda (vasantakumAra caTTopAdhyAya ema. e. kRta) thI paNa thAya che. teo lakhe cheH " dakSa,dakSapratijJa, Adarza rUpavAna, AlIna ( kAcabAnI mAphaka salIna vRtti), bhadraka (sulakSaNa), vinIta, jJAta (suvi

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37 dita, prasiddha), jJAtiputra, jJAtikulacandra, vaideha, videhadattAtmaja, vaidehaNa, videhasukumAra, zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra triza vasara videha deze kATAIyA mAtApitAra devatva prApti haile gurUjana e mahattaragaNera anumati laiyA pratijJA samApta kariyA chilena." -kalpasUtra, vasantakumAra caTTopAdhyAya ema. e. kalakattA vizvavidyAlaya, 1953 pR. 87 A badhA pramANethI e tAtparya nikaLe che ke bhagavAnane janma videha dezamAM ja thayo hato. magadha ke aMga dezamAM nahi. chevaTe ame A vAtane vadhAre puSTa karavA mATe digambara graMthanA paNa pramANe ApIe chIe. (4) digambara-zAmAM paNa kuDapurane jaMbUdvIpanA bhAratavarSamAM videhadezanI aMdara batAvyuM che. (ka) unmIlitAvadhidazA sahasA viditvA tajanmabhaktibharataH prnntottmaanggaaH| ghaNTAninAdasamavetanikAyamukhyA diSTayA yayustaditi kuNDapuraM surendrAH // 17-61 // (mahAkavi asaga (I. sa. 888) viracita vardhamAna caritra)

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(kha) siddhArthanRpatitanayo bhAratavAsye videhakuNDapure / devyA priyakAriNyAM susvapnAn saMpradaya vibhuH||4|| (mAyArtha pUjyapAda (vi. 5bhI zatA) vi2thita zasti pR. 116) (ga) atha dezo'sti vistArI jambUdvIpasya bhArate / videha iti vikhyAtaH svargakhaNDasamaH zriyaH // 1 // tatrAkhaDalanevAlIpadminIkhaNDamaNDanam / sukhAMbhaH kuNDamAbhAti nAmnA kuNDapuraM puram / / 5 // (AyArya linasena (di. 8bhI zatA) virathita harivaMzapurANa 571, sa 2) / (gha)......... bharate'smin videhAkhye viSaye bhavanAGgaNe // 251 // rAjJaH kuNDapurezasya vasudhArApatatpRthuH / .............. // 25 // . . . (mAyArya zuzama (vi.bhI zatAhi) vizthita sattara zaNa . 460, bhAratIya jJAnapI azIthI prazita) (Ga)............................. videhaviSaye kuNDasajJAyAM puri bhUpatiH // 7 //

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4 nAtho nAthakulasyaikaH sidvArthAkhyastrisiddhibhAk / tasya puNyAnubhAvena priyAsIt priyakAriNI | 8 || ( uparyukta- pRSTha 482. ) upara ApelA pramANeAmAM kSatriyakuDagAmane majijhama dezamAM rahela videhradezanI aMdara batAvela che. uparanA nirdeza pramANe ' majhimadeza ' AryAvartanu bIju nAma che. enI aMdara ja videha deza che. bIjI rIte vicArIe te kSatriyakuMDa e videha dezanuM eka svataMtra nagara ja che, " bhagavAnane zAstromAM vesAliya" arthAt "vaizAlika'nA nAme lakhyA che. " vaizAlika"nI vyAkhyA karatAM teoe lakhyuM che ---- (1) vizAlA jananI yasya vizAlaM kulameva ca / trizAlaM vacanaM cAsya tena vaizAliko jinaH // -- sUtrakRtAGga zIlAMkAcArya TIkA a0 2 udde0 3. vizAlAputra ( vijJAAH apatyaM vaizAlikaH ) prabhu, vizAla rAjAnA kulanA heAvAthI ane vizAla vacanavALA DhAvAthI vaizAlika kahevAtA hatA. (2) tattha NaM sAvatthIe nayarIe piMgalae NAmaM niyaMThe 'vesAlisAvara parisara ( mula chAyA ) - tasyAM zrAvastyAM

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4* nagaryo piGgalako nAma nirgrantho vaizAlika zrAvakaH parivasati -bhagavatIsUtra saTIka, bhAga 1, pRSTha 231 te zrAvasto nagarImAM piMgalaka nAmanA ninga vaizAlika zrAvaka rahetA hatA. bhagavAnanA vaizAlika nAmathI temane vaizAlI sAthe gADha. sabandha hatA e spaSTa thAya che. jevI rIte videhamAM vasavAne lIdhe teo 'videha' (vaideha)nA nAmathI sabAdhAtA,te ja pramANe vaizAlI dezathI temanA sabandha hAvAthI te 'vaizAlika paNa kahevAtA. C " ' * vaizAlika ' zabdanI vyAkhyA vizAre (leze) manna: vaizAhinda:evI karavAthI pUnI sAthe anI saMgati ThIka bese che, jema videha (vedeha) nA artha videhadezavAsI karyo che. videtu dezanI jema 'vaizAlI * paNa deza tarIke ja khelAtA hatA, jevI rIte dIdhanikAyanA mahApari nivvANu sutta (pR. 128, mahAmAdhi graMthamAlA-puSpa 4, i. sa. 1936)mAM ammapAlI gaNikA sabhikSu-sa'dha buddhane ApelA. peAtAne Ama traNane licchavioe peAtAne ApavA mATe karelI prArthanAnA javAbamAM kahe che ke huM AryaputrA ! jo vaizAlI-janapada: Ape te paNa A mahAn bhAta (bheAjana) ne nahIM ApuM.. "

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43 tenu bInuM pramANa e che ke ,, "The Vaisali country is described by the pilgrim as being above 5000 li in circuit. On Yuan Chwanges, vol II page-63 -- arthAt-yAtrI (huenasAMge) vaizAlI dezanuM varNana karatAM tenA gherAvA 5000 lI' karatAM vadhAre batAnyA che. tethI AjasudhI 'vizAlA' ke 'vaizAlI'ne zahera samajIne je arthA karavAmAM AvyA che te badhA bhrAmaka che. ane kuDapura je vaizAlInI samIpamAM hatuM te tenuM paru(suburb) nahi paraMtu svata Mtra nagara hatuM. temAM ja bhagavAnanA janma thayA hatA. brAhmaNakuM DagAma kSatriyakuMDanI samIpamAM hatuM. ane A bannenI vacamAM bahuzAla caitya hatuM. ekavAra bhagavAn vihAra karatA karatA brAhmaNakuMDa padhAryA ane A gAmanI pAse bahuzAla caityamAM AvIne UtaryAM hatA. A AkhI kathAne bhagavatI sUtranA trIjA bhAgamAM pRSTha 16rathI zarUthI lakhI che, temAM lakhyuM che ke-- 66 tassa NaM mAhaNakuMDaggAmassa Nayarassa paJcatthimeNaM ettha NaM khattiyakuMDaggAme nAme nayare hotthA / "

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"brAhmaNakuMDagAmanI pazcima dizAmAM kSatriyakuMDa gAma hatuM. A kSatriyakuMDagAmamAM jamAli nAmane kSatriyakumAra raheto hato. jayAre bhagavAnanA bahuzAla cityamAM pahoMcavAnI sUcanA kSatriyakuMDamAM pahoMcI te tyAMthI eka meTe jana-samUha kSatriyakuMDanI vacamAM thaIne brAhmaNakuMDanI tarapha cAlyuM. jyAM bahuzAla caitya che, tyAM AvyuM. A bhIDane joIne jamAli paNa tyAM AvyuM. bhagavatI sUtramAM lakhyuM che ke "jAva egAbhimuhe khattiyakuMDaggAmaM nayaraM majhaM majjheNaM niggacchai, niggacchiittA jeNeva mAhaNakuMDaggAme nayare jeNeva / caMdulAtraNa re......" bhagavAnanA pravacanathI jamAlinA hRdayamAM dIkSA levAnI bhAvanA jAgRta thaI. tethI te potAnA mAtApitAnI AjJA levA mATe pAcho kSatriyakuMDa gaye. AjJA meLavyA pachI eka moTA loka-samUha sAthe ___ "satyavAhappabhiyao purao saMpaTThiyA khattiyakuMDaggAme nayare majjhaM majheNaM jeNeva mAhaNakuNDaggAme nayare, jeNeva bahu sAlae cehae, jeNeva samaNe bhagavaM mahAvIre teNeva pahArettha

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45 kSatriyakuMDa gAma nagaranI ThIka madhyamAMthI nIkaLIne brAhmaNa kuMDa gAmanI tarapha bahuzAla caityamAM jyAM bhagavAn mahAvIra svAmI hatA tyAM (jamAli) AgnyA. A varNanathI e spaSTa thAya che ke kSatriyakuMDanI samIpamAM ja brAhmaNagAma hAvAnA sa'bhava che, , A kSatriyakuMDa gAmamAM ' jJAta ' kSatriyo rahetA hatA tethI A gAmane bauddha-granthAmAM jJAtika jJAtika ke nAtika kahIne ullekha karyo che. nAtika sivAya nAdikanA nAmathI paNa Ane ullekha maLe che. nAmanA pheraphAranA sabandhamAM ? sayutta nikAyanI budhASanI sAratyavakAsinI TIkAmAM lakhyu che ke-- " JAtioti dine trAtAnAM gAme '' r dvIdha nikAyanI sumaMgala vilAsinI TIkAmAM lakhyuM che kenaadikaati evaM talAka nissAya dviSNaM cullapitu mahApituputtAnaM dve gAmA | nAdiketi ekasmi jAtigAme / " A pramANe gAtika [jJAtika] ane nAdika banne nAme eka ja sthAnanA hatA. jJAti gAma [jJAtigAma] hAvAthI jJAti nAma paDayu che. ane nArdika taDAga (taLAva)nI pAse hAvAthI nAdika kahevAtuM hatuM.

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46 A nAtika gAma karyAM hatuM enA saMbaMdhamAM ame nIcenA uddharaNAthI eka nirNaya upara AvI zakIzuM-- (1) Natika (V, L. Nadika-Natika) A locality in the vajji country on the high way between kotigama and vesali. arthAt jJAtika (nAdika, nAtika)--vajajI dezanI aMdara vaizAlI ane kATigAmanI vacamAM eka sthAna che. Dictionary of Pali-proper Names vol I page-976 (ra) Aja DikzanerI ek pAlI propara nemsa ' nA bIjA bhAgamAM pRSTha 723 upara rAjagRDa ane kapilavastunI vacamAM AvelA sthAnAne 'mahAparinizvANu sutta ' pramANe gaNAvyA che. " From kapilvatthu to Rajagaha was sixty leagues. From Rajagaha to Kusinara was a distance of twenty-five leagues' and the Mahaparinibbana Sutta gives a list of the places at which the Buddha stopped during his last Journey along that road-- Ambalatthika, Nalanda, Pataligama ( where he crossed the Ganges), kotigama, Nadika, Vesali, Bhandagama' Hatthigama, Ambagama, Jambugama. Bhoganagara, Pava, and the Kakuttha River,

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4s beyond which lay the Mango grove and the Sala grove of the Mallas. arthAtu-kapilavatyuthI rAjagRha 60 jana hatuM ane rAjagRhathI kuzInArA 25 pejana hatuM. budde jayAre ahiMthI pitAnI chellI yAtrA karI te rastAmAM AvanArA sthAnene mahAparinivANasuttamAM A pramANa gaNAvyA cheaMbalathikA, nAlandA, pATaligAma, (ahIM gaMgA nadI utaryA hatA) keTigAma, nAdikA, vaizAlI, bhaMDagAma vagere vagere. AthI rapaSTa rUpe e nirNaya thAya che ke "kSatriyakuMDagAma athavA "jJAtika va deza [videha)nI aMdara che. buddhanI je chellI yAtrAnuM vivaraNa maLe che, enAthI e jaNAya che ke A sthAna keTigAma ane vaizAlInI vacamAM hatuM. amArA A kathananI puSTi zAstrothI, aitihAsika sAdhanathI ane purAtattvavibhAge saMgrahelA pramANethI thAya che. khoTI dhAraNAo Do. hAranala ane De. je kebIe jena-zAstro upara AlecanA karatAM keTalAka evAM mantavya raju karyA che ke jenAthI bhrama thaI jAya. teonA mAnavA pramANe- (1) vANiyagAma [saM. vANijyagrAma] A vaizAlI nAmathI prasiddha zaheranuM bIjuM nAma hatuM.

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48 mahAvIra tIrthakaranI janmabhUmi' nAmane che. hAranala ne lekha. juo jaina sAhitya saMzodhaka khaMDa 1, aMka 4, pRSTha 218 (2) kuMDagAma nAma paNa vaizAlInuM ja hatuM ane vaizAlI ja bhagavAnanI janmabhUmi hatI. -De. hAranalane uparane lekha 1930mAM De. ekAbIe eka lekhamAM lakhyuM hatuM ke vaizAlI-bhUlazAlI, vANiyagAma ane kuMDagAma A traNenA samUha rUpe hatuM. kaMgAmamAM kallAka nAmanI eka zerI hatI - bhAratIya vidyA siMdhI smRti graMtha, pRSTha 186 (3) A kelyAga-sannivezathIyukata paraMtu tenAthI bahAra kripalAza nAmanuM eka caitya hatuM. sAdhAraNa caityanI mAphaka temAM eka maMdira ane tenI AsapAsa bagIco hato. A kAraNathI vipAka-sUtra (12)mAM tene dUIpalAsa ujANa" rUpamAM lakhyuM che, ane te nAyakulanuM ja hatuM. tethI tenuM varNana nA sava-kA' athavA "nAtha e pramANe (kalpasUtra 115 ane AcArAMga sUtra 2, 15 sU. ra2) karavAmAM AvyuM che. -je. sA. saM. naM. 1 naM 4 pRSTha 219

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(4) mahAvIranA pitA siddhArtha kaMDagAma athavA vaizAlI nagaranA kellAga nAmanA latAmAM rahenArI nAyajAtinA kSatriyonA mukhya saradAra hatA.....siddhArthane kuDapura athavA kuDagAmanA rAjA tarIke badhe ThekANe varNavyA nathI. paraMtu enAthI viparIta eka sAdhAraNa kSatriya tarIke (sile rije) sAmAnya varNana karyuM che, je eka be ThekANe tene rAja (sintha rAyA) rUpamAM lakhyAM che. tene apavAda rUpe ja samajavA joIe. -De. hAranalane uparane lekha. siddhArtha kaI meTe rAjA na hatA, paraMtu umarAva mAtra hatA, (lekha- De. harmana jekebInI jainasUtronI praratAvanA anuvAdaka zAha aMbAlAla caturabhAI bI. e.) - . sA. saM, kha. 1. aM. 4.4 71 (5) mahAvIranI janmabhUmi kelAgai hatI ane tethI ja jyAre saMsArano tyAga karyo tyAre svAbhAvika rIte ja pitAnI janmabhUminI pAse rahelA pilAza nAmanA pitAnA ja kulanA cayamAM pahelA jaIne rahyA. (juo ka9pasUtra 115-16) -DaoN. hAranalane uparyukta lekha. (6) te (siddhArtha)nI patnI, jenuM nAma trizalA hatuM. tenuM

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pa0 paNuM varNana eka sAdhAraNa kSatriyANInA rUpe ja karavAmAM AvyuM che. jayAM sudhI mane yAda che tene devI pe kyAMya lakhavAmAM nathI AvyA. -De. jekebIne uparane lekha, (7) sanniveza athavA latto. -Do. hAranalane lekha. kuMDagAmane AcArAMga-sUtramAM eka "sanniveza tarIke lakhyuM che. TIkAkAe ene artha "yAtrI athavA saMdha (sArthavAha) nuM vizrAma sthAna karyo che.' --Do. jekebIne lekha. (8) uvAsagadAsAomAM sUtra 77 ane 78mAM vANiyAgAmanA prakaraNamAM prayoga karelA "phanIramArAmarA arthAt UMca, nIca ane madhyamavargavALuM vizeSaNa "duva" (rakhilanuM buddha caritra. 62 pR.) mAM AvelA nIcenA varNanathI maLe che. vaizAlImAM traNa vibhAga hatA. jemAM pahelA vibhAgamAM senA nA kaLazavAlA 7000 ghara hatA. vacalA vibhAgamAM cAMdInA kaLazavALA 14000 ghara hatA ane chellA vibhAgamAM tAMbAnA kaLazavALA 21000 ghara hatA. A vibhAgamAM UMca, madhyama ane halakA varganA leke kramazaH rahetA hatA. De. hAranalane uparyuMkata lekha

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para parantu Do. hAranala ane Do. jekebI bannenI mAnyatAo jaina-zAstro sAthe baMdha besatI nathI. ame ahIM zAstronA pramANe ApIne TiNione bArIkAIthI tapAsIzuM. (1) triSaSTizalAkApuruSacaritamAM bhagavAn vaizAlIthI vANijayagAma tarapha gayA, e ullekha che. AthI A baMne judA judA nagara havAnuM nakkI thAya che nAtho'pi siddhArthapurAd vaizAlI nagaroM yayau / zaMkhaH pitRmuhRttatrAbhyAnarca gaNarAT prabhum // 138 // tataH pratamthe bhagavAn grAma vANijakaM prati / mArge gaDakikA nAma nadI nAvottatAra ca // 139 // tri. - pu. 2. parva 10, sa , patra 41 arthAt bhagavAn vaizAlIthI vANiyAgAma tarapha gayA ane vacamAM temane gaMDakI nadI utaravI paDI. AthI e paNa paSTa thAya che ke banne gAma judA judA hatA, eTaluM ja nahi parantu vacamAM gaMDakI nadI paNa paDatI hatI. (2) upara ame pramANa pUrvaka e sAbita karyuM che ke vaizAlI, brAhmaNakuMDa, kSatriyakuMDa e gaMDakI nadInA pUrva kinArA upara hatA, ane karmAragAma, kellAsanniveza, vANijyagAma

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tathA dvipalAzacaMtya pazcima kinArA upara hatA. vAstavamAM A ekaja nagaranA nokhAM nakhAM nAmo na hatAM. zAstromAM ThekANe ThekANe bhagavAnanuM eka gAmathI bIje gAma javAnAM varNana maLe che. A sivAya jayAM koI ThekANe be nAma eka sAthe AvyA heya tene vartamAna belavAnI paddhati pramANe samajavA joIe. jevI rIte ApaNe bhASAmAM bolIe chIe lagaDIleMgIA, dilhI-AgarA, jayapura-jodhapura, lahera-amRtasara, baniyA-basADha. Ama eka sAthe belavAnI paddhati kevala te te gAmanI samIpatAne laIne paDe che. (3) De. hAranale kalAka sannivezanI pAse eka kripalAza caitya udyAna hRpAsa 3jJAna) batAvyuM che ane tenA upara nAyakalano adhikAra batAvyA che. DA. sAhebanI sammatimAM "nAyabdava 3 gALa ane phUpAsa 3nA ekaja hatA. 1 zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra nAmanA pustakanA pAMcamA pAne A pramANe varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che-"vairAtrI che ghazcima sara gaNDakI nadI bahatI thii| usake pazcima taTapara sthita brAhmaNakuNDapura, kSatriyakuNDapura. vANijyagrAma, karmAragrAma aura kolAkasaniveza jaise aneka ramaNIya upanagara aura zAkhApura apanI atulasamRddhise vaizAlI kI. zrIvRddhi vara rahe che " amArI mAnyatA pramANe A varNana ThIka nathI. zrI baladeva upAdhyAye dharma ane darzana' nAmanA puratamAM A ja mAnyatAne pRSTha 85 upara pharIthI lakhI che. anumAna thAya che ke vidvAna lekhaka paNa teja brAtinA zikAra banelA che.

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pa3 Do. sAhebe je graMthonA pramANe ApyA che, te pramANe sUradAsa vinA te vANijyagAmanI uttara-pUrvamAM hatuM ane bAyasaMhavA ujJAna (jJAtavAna ghAna) kuDapura (kSatriyakuMDa) nI bahAra hatuM. (ka) vipAkasUtramAM lakhyuM che ke tassa NaM vANiyagAmassa uttarapurasthime disimAe duIpalAse nAma ujANe hotthaa| -vivAgasuyaM pRSTha 16 (kha) kalpasUtra subodhakA TIkAmAM patra 111mAM lakhyuM che ke __ kuNDapuraM nagaraM majhaM majjheNaM niggacchai, niggacchittA jeNeva nAyasaMDavaNe ujANe asogavarapAyave teNeva uvAgacchai / A baMne uddaraNethI e nakkI thAya che ke nApasaMDava" ane hipAla varALa baMne judA judA che. (4) Do. hAranala ane De. jekebI bannee siddhArthane rAjA na mAnatAM eka umarAva athavA saradAra tarIke mAnyA che. teonuM e mAnavuM che ke eka be sthAnane choDIne bAkI badhe ThekANe zALAmAM siddhArthane "kSatriya tarIke ja varNavyA che. paraMtu AnAthI taddana viruddha jaina graMthomAM siddhArthane mAtra rAjA tarIke nathI varNavyA paraMtu temanI adhInatAmAM rahenArA bIjA

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adhikArIonuM paNa varNana karavAmAM AvyuM che. ka9pasUtramAM lakhyuM che ke- "ta, i se siddhaze vAyA visarA variyALI..." AmAM siddhArthane rAjA tarIke ullekha karyo che. (ka. sU. mU sUda 51) AgaLa cAlIne sUtra 62 mAM lakhyuM che ke ___"kapparukkhae viva alaMkiyavibhUmie nariMde, sakoriMTamalladAmeNaM chatteNaM dharijjamANeNa seyavaracAmarAhiM uddhanbamANIhiM maMgallajayasaddakayAloe ajeggnnnaayg-dNddnaayg-raaiisara-tara-jAuM vA-uMdhiya-maMti-mAmati-ana-jovAriyAma-ra-vima-nagara-niyama-siddhi meLava-sIvAda-sUra-saMdhivADhakSaddhi pugiche..." Ane bhAvArtha e che ke rAjA siddhArtha kalpavRkSanI jema mukuTa vastro vagerethI vibhUSita "narendra hatuM. prAcIna sAhityamAM narendrano prAga prAya: karIne rAjAo mATe thayo che. AvA naredranI sattA nIce nIcenA adhikArIo rahetA. (1) gaNa nAyaka (2) daMDanAyaka, (3) yuvarAja, (4) talavAra (koTavAla) (5) mADambika (kara lenAra) (6) kauTuMbika(9) mastrI, (8) mahAmaMtrI, (9) gaNuka, (10) dauvArika, (11) amAtya, (12) ceTa, (13) pIThamA~ka (14) nAgara, (15) nigama, (16) zreSThI, (17) senApati, (18) sArthavAha(19)

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55 dUta ane (20) sandhipAla. rAjA siddhArtha A adhikArIethI yukta hatA. AvazyakaNi" mAM paNa AnA jevuM ja varNana maLe che. je jekebInI mAnyatA pramANe teo mAtra umarAva heta te zreSThI" zabdane praveza karyo hota, nahi ke rAjA zabdane prayoga. kSatriyane artha sAdhAraNa kSatriya sivAya rAjA paNa thAya che. A vAtane Teke TIkAkAro ane kAzethI maLe che. "kSatra tu satra zAnA rAjA vIdumavA" -abhidhAnacintAmaNi saTIka pRSTha-344 A pramANe kSatriya, kSatra vagere zabdano prayoga rAjA mATe paNa thAya che. pravacanasAroddhAra patra 84mAM " ya ratti upara TIkAkAra TIkA karatAM lakhe che rAma5 mAraka kSatriya rAgA" | AthI e spaSTa che ke prAcIna paramparAmAM rAjAnA ThekANe prakAre kSatriya zabdane paNa praveza karatA hatA. amArI A mAnyatAnI puSTi TrAIbsa Ina ensiyanTa IMDiyA' pRSTha 3raramAM De. vimalacaraNa le e paNa karI che. Savaraswami in his commentary in the Purvamimansa Sutra, Book II, says that the word c .

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56 'raja' is a synonym for Ksatriya and states that even in his time the word was used by the An. dhras to designate a Ksatriya.' pUrvamImAMsA satranI TIkAmAM zavarasvAmIe lakhyuM che ke rAjA zabda kSatriyane paryAyavAcI hatI ane TIkAkAranA samayamAM paNa AMdhranA lokA kSatriyamATe rAjA zabdane pravega karatA hatA. vajaLa saMdhane adhyakSa rAjA ceTaka hato, ema nirayAvaliyAonA puSTha 27 mAM lakhyuM che. AnI sahAyatA mATe saMdhamAMthI 9 livio ane 9 mae zAsana calAvavA mATe cUMTavAmAM AvatA hatA. AgaNa rAjA kahevAtA hatA. A gaNa saMghamAM jAtaka-pramANe 770 7 sadaye hatA. jemAM rAjA kahevAtA hatA. AmAMnA darekane uparAja senApati, bhAMDAgArika (koSAdhyakSa) paNa hatA. A mATe jAtakane purAvo nIce pramANe che - " tattha niccakAlaM rajjaM kAretvA vasantAnaM yeva rAjanaM sattasahasasAni sattasatAni sata ca rAjAno hoti, tattakA yeva uparAjAno, tattakA senApatino tattakA bhaMDAgArikA / " -u50nAtaka-266 mAratIya jJAnapITha zI. A 770 7 rAjAomAM eka rAjA siddhArtha paNa hato.

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5-bhagavAna mahAvIra svAmInI janmabhUmi Do. hAranalanI mAnyatA pramANe kalAga sanniveza che. kAraNake killAga e vaizAlInuM eka paruM hatuM, ema Do. sAhebanuM mAnavuM che. ane tethI vaizAlIne paNa janmabhUmi mAne che. parantu ame upara e spaSTa karI dIdhuM che ke kAlAga ane vaizAlI bane bhinna bhinna nagara hatAM, eka bIjA pAse jarUra hatAM. bhagavAnanI janmabhUmi vAstavamAM kuDapura (kSatriyakuMDa) hatI. ahIM bhagavAne 30 varSanI umara sudhI pitAnuM jIvana gALyuM hatuM. A zaheranI bahAra rahelA nAyasaMDavaNamAM bhagavAne dIkSA lIdhI hatI. ane ahIMthI pulamArge karmIgrAma pahoMcyA ane rAtri vitAvI. bIje divase savAre karmAragAmathI vihAra karIne kellAga sannivezamAM gayA. ghaNuM karIne Do. sAhebane brAti eTalA mATe thaI ke kuDapuramAM jJAtakulanA kSatriyo rahetA hatA ane kalyAgamAM paNa zAkulanA kSatriye. tethI teoe banene eka samajIne varNana karyuM che. (6) Do. jekebInuM mAnavuM che ke jana granthamAM trizalA mAtAne badhe ThekANe kSatriyANI rUpeja lakhyA che, devI tarIke nahi. ame e upara batAvI cUkyA chIe ke kSatriyane artha kAza ane TIkAkAronI mAnyatA pramANe "rAjA" paNa thAya che. e rIte kSatriyANIne arthe devI

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58 athavA "rANI paNa thAya che. sAdhAraNa rIte bhAratIya zabda prayAganI paraMparA evI che ke kSatriyavaMzanI sAthe saMbaMdha hovAthI vAraMvAra kSatriya zabdane upaga nathI karAte, paraMtu kSatriyavaMza sAthe saMbaMdha hovA chatAM je kaMI bahAdurInuM kAma karyuM hoya athavA rAjakulanI sAthe saMbaMdha hoya to ema kahevAmAM Ave che ke "che te kSatriya putrane tenA sanmAna mATe kSatriya zabdano prayoga karavAmAM Ave che. A sivAya jaina zAstromAM trizalA mAtAne ghaNe ThekANe devIrUpe varNavyA che. pahelA kahelA kSatriyakuMDavALA prakaraNamAM ame AcArya pUjyapAde racelI "dazabhakitathI eka zleka ubUta karyo hato. temAM mAtA vizalA mATe devIzabda prayoga karyo che. te paMkti A pramANe che 'devyA priyakAriNyAM susvapnAn saMpradaya vibhuH' bIjA granthamAM paNa devIne pravega karavAmAM Avyo che (ka) vavAra trizAvI yuti karmamaLyutam rUrU I (kha) 3jhuvAna gAthAvA%i hI pa4 . (ga) ghara 2 mAvati nivAra sapA (1) savAra trirAva sare nararvamAM 42 . -triSASTizalAkApuruSacaritra parva 10, sarga 2

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(ka) tANa re taM sAdA tirAvI siAvA (kha) ni ya na viNAvI ya pAyA ca dazama mahAvIravayaM kramazaH patra 28 ane 33 upara (7) Do. hAranala sannivezane artha "latto' kare che. ane Do. kebInI mAnyatA pramANe tene artha "paDAva thAya che. A pramANe baMne vidvAnoe ukata zabdane khoTo artha karyo che. kAraNa ke sanniveza zabdanA ghaNA artha thAya che. temane eka artha gAma paNa che, je ahIM upayukta che. (ka) parisadamawva nA pRSTha 1054 upara sannivezanA artho nIce pramANe lakhelA che. 1 nagaranA bahArane pradeza, 2 gAma, nagara vagere sthAna, 3 yAtrI vagerene paDAva, 4 grAma, gAma vagere, 5 racanA vagere. (5) sanniveza ghoSAdiH eSAM dvandvastatasteSu, athavA grAmAdayo ye sannivezAste tathA teSu / ' --zrImad bhagavatI sUtra TIkA, prathama khaMDa, pRSTha 85. (ga) nizItha cUrNimAM sannivezane artha Ape che. __ "satyAvAsaNatyANa saNiveso gAmA vA pIDito saMniviTTho jatAgato vA logo sanniviTTho so saNNivesaM bhaNNati / " abhidhAnarAjendra, bhAga saptama pRSTa 307

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(4)" nivezo nAma yatra sArtha AvAsitaH, Adi grahaNena grAmA vA anyatra prasthitaH san yatrAntarAvAsamadhivasati yAtrIyAM cA gatA leAko yatra tiSThani, eSaH sarve'pi niveza ucyate" - vRDhapasaTI vibhAga 2, patra 342-345 8 "uvAsaga dasAomAM vAparelA "34nIvamasimA nA AdhAre De. hAranale vANiyAgAmanA traNa vibhAga karavAne prayatna karyo che. duHvamAM AvelA vaizAlInA varNana sAthe tene saMbaMdha joDavAno prayatna karIne vaizAlI ane vANiyA gAmane eka batAvavAno prayatna karyo che, jaina zAstramAM sAdhuo mATe niyama che ke sAdhu kyAMya paNa gAma, nagara, sanniveza, ke karbhaTa vageremA-bhikSA mATe jAya tyAM koI paNa jAtanA varga ke varNanA bheda sivAya UMca, nIca ane madhyama kaLAmAM bhikSA grahaNa kare. je prakaraNane DokaTara sAhebe ullekha karyo che tyAM paNa bhagavAne gautamasvAmIne bhikSAnI anumati ApatAM UMca, nIca ane madhyama badhA vargomAM bhikSA levAnI AjJA ApI che. gocaraH-uttamAdhama-madhyamakuleSvaraktadviSTasya bhikSATanam dazavaikAlikasUtra, hAribhadrIyaTIkA patra 163 1 zrI mahAvIra kathA ( saM. gopAladAsa jIvAbhAI paTela ) mAM pRSTha 70 thI 85 nI vacamAM DaoN. hAranalanA AdhAre rAjA siddhA

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A uparathI Ane AdhAra tarIke mAnavAne prayAsa kara e nakAmuM che. A ja pramANe "aMtagaDadasAo" mAM paNa eja kahevAmAM AvyuM che ke bhagavAne pulAsapura, dvArikA vageremAM UMca, nIca ane madhyama kulemAM bhikSA levAne Adeza karyo hato. e ja pramANe bhagavatIsUtra vagere anya granthamAM paNa evuM ja varNana Ave che. enI tulanA dutva mAM AvatA vaizAlI prakaraNathI paNa karI zakAya che? AvI ja rIte zrImatI sTIvensane Do. hAranalanI bhUlanuM punarAvartana karavA sAthe eka bhayaMkara bhUla e karI che ke bhagavAnane vaizya-kalAtpanna batAvyA che. (juo Heart of Jainisim pRSTha 21-2) paraMtu A mAnyatAnI keAI paNa rIte puSTi thatI nathI. Adhunika mAnyatA AjakAla kSatriyakuMDa kyAM mAnavAmAM Ave che ene khyAla amane zrImuMbaI jena svayaM sevaka maMDala rajata mahotsava thane sAmAnya kSatriya batAvavA chatAM paNa temanA rAjApaNane svIkAra karyo che. (juo pRSTha 78). evI ja rIte videha, mithilA, vaizAlI ane vANijaya gAmane eka mAnavAmAM AvyA che. jene upara prati kAra karavAmAM Avyo che. e pramANe pRSTha 81 upara "kulane artha vara karyo che, te paNa ThIka nathI. ene artha khAnadAna thaI zake che para nahIM. pRSTha 289 upara AnaMdane jJAnakulanA lakhyA che. je sarvathA jAtimAM nAkhanAruM che. AnaMda kauTumbika hatA, jJAtRka nahi, .'

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smArakagrantha saMvata 2001 pRSTha 50 thI paNa prApta thAya che, tyAM lakhyuM che "lakakhIsarAya jaMkazana utarIne 18 mAIla dara rahelA licchavADa ane kSatriyakuMDa gAmamAM baLada gADI athavA moTarabasathI avAya che. moTI dharmazALAnI vacamAM zrI mahAvIra prabhunuM manohara maMdira che. dharmazALAthI dakSiNa tarapha kSatriyakuMDa parvata tarapha javAno rasto che. taLeTI be mAIla che. tyAM sAme sAme be nhAnA maMdira che. ahIMthI parvatano caDhAva zaru thAya che. aDadho kaThaNa rasto caDhayA pachI AgaLa vadhAre kaThaNa ane kAMkarAvALo mArga zara thAya che. ahIM siMha ane vAghane bhaya hovAthI prakAza thayA pachI ja caDhavuM vadhAre zreyasakara che. sapATa medAnanI vacamAM killAvALuM zrImahAvIra prabhunuM maMdira che. ahIMA ja chellA tIrthakara (zrImahAvIra svAmI)nuM svavana, janma ane dIkSA rUpa traNa kalyANaka thayA hatAM." digambaranI mAnyatA A viSayamAM A pramANe che - nAlandAnI thaDothaDa lagabhaga be mAIla dUra eka kuMDalapura nAmanuM gAma che, je bhagavAna mahAvIranI janmabhUmi che." -jUe janasiddhAntabhAkara, bhAga 10,kiraNa 2, pRSTha 2 A mAnyatAone kaI khAsa AdhAra nathI. ame pAchaLa batAvI gayA chIe ke bhagavAnanA vizeSaNe videha, vaidehadatta,

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videhatya ane videha sukamAla tathA vaizAlika-thI eja pratIta thAya che ke bhagavAnane videhAntargata vizAlInI sAthe dhanika siMbaMdha hatA. ane tenA bIlakUla pAsenA sthAnamAM temanI janmabhUmi hovI joIe. e sivAya temanI bahuzAlacaityamAM karelI sthitithI paNa temane A sthAna sAthe saMbaMdha jaNAya che. ane vaizAlImAM karelA bAra comAsA paNa Aja vAtanuM samarthana kare che. sAkSara munirAja zrI kalyANavijayajIe zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIramAM Aja vAtanI puSTi karI che. teo e ja pustakanI prastAvanAnA pRSTha 27 mAM lakhe che ke - (1) bhagavAnanI dIkSAnA bIjA divase kellakasannivezamAM pAraNA karavAno ullekha che. jainasatro pramANe kallAka-sanniveza be hatA, eka vANijaya gAmanI pAse ane bIju rAjagRhanI pAse. je bhagavAnanI janmabhUmi Adhunika kSatriyakuMDa mAnavAmAM Ave te bIje divase kollAmAM pAraNuM karavAnuM azakya hatuM. kAraNake rAjagRhavALuM kalAka-sanniveza tyAMthI lagabhaga cAlIsa mAIla dUra pazcimamAM Ave che. ane vANijya gAmavALuM kallAka enAthI paNa ghaNuM dUra. tethI eja mAnavuM yukti yukta thaze ke bhagavAne vizAlInI pAse rahelA kSatriyakaMDanA jJAtakhaMDavanamAM dIkSA lIdhI ane bIje divase vANijya gAmanI pAse "kallAmAM pAraNuM karyuM. (2) kSatriyakuMDamAM dIkSA laIne bhagavAne karmAragAma

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64 kAllAka-sanniveza, merAsanniveza vageremAM vidvAra karIne asthikagAmamAM cAturmAsa rahyA. ane cAmAsA pachI paNa meArAka, vAcAlA, kanakappala Azramapada ane zvetavikA vagere sthAnAmAM vicaryA pachI rAjagRha tarapha prayANa karyuM. ane bIjI' caturmAsa rAjagRtumAM karyuM. uparanA vihAra-varNanamAM be muddAo evA che je 'Adhu nika kSatriyakuMDa asalIya kSatriyakuMDa nathI' evuM sAbita kare che. prathama muddo e che ke bhagavAn paheluM cAturmAsa purU karIne zvetavikA nagarI tarapha jAya che ane bojo muddo e ke tyAMthI vihAra karIne gaMgA nadI utarIne tee rAjagRhu tarapha jAya che. caitavikA zrAvastIthI kapilavastunI tarapha vihAra karatAM rastAmAM AvatI hatI. A bhUmipradeza kezalanA pUrvottaramAM ane videhanA pazcimamAM paDatA hatA, ane e paNa nizcita che ke tyAMthI rAjagRhanI tarapha jatAM vacamAM gaMgA nadI utaravI paDatI hatI, Adhunika kSatriyakuMDanI AsapAsa natA dhRtavikA nagarI hatI. ane na tA te taraphathI rajagRha tarapha jatAM gaMgA ja ALaMgavI paDatI hatI. ethI e nizcita thAya che ke bhagavAnanI janmabhUmi Adhunika kSatriyakuMDa je AjakAla dakSiNa vistAramAM giDDora sTeTamAM ane pUrvakAlIna prAdezika sImAnusAra aMgadezamAM paDe che, e nathI. paraMtu gaMgAthI uttaranI tarapha uttara vihAramAM kayAMya hatI. ane te sthAna pUkita pramANeA anusAra

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vaizAlInI pAse raheluM kSatriyakuMDa ja hoI zake che. - . -zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra pRSTha 2-28 (3) bahizrA ya NAyasaMDe ApucchittANa nAyae savve / / divase muhRttasese kammAragAma samaNupatto / bahirdhAca kuNDapurAt jJAtakhaNDa udyAne ApRcchaya jJAtakAnsvajanAn sarvAn-yathAsannihitAn tasmAt nirgataH kAragrAmagamanAyeti vaakyshessH| tatra ca pathadvayam / tatra ca eko lena, aparaH sthalyAm , tatra bhagavAn sthalyAM gatavAn , gacchazva divase muhUrtazeSe karmAragrAma samanuprApta iti gAthArthaH |.......tdivs sAmissa chaTThapAraNaya, to bhagavaM viharamANo gao kollAgasaNNivese tattha ya bhikkhaTThA paviTTho bahulamAhaNagehaM jeNAmeva kullAesanivese bahule mAhaNe / teNa mahughayasaMjutteNa paramaNNeNa pddilaabhiyo| AvazyakasUtra haribhadrasUrikRTaTIkA sahita 187-188, arthAta-kaMDapuranI bahAra jJAtakhaMDa udyAnamAM pitAnA jAti baMdhuone pUchIne karagAma tarapha javA nikaLyA. tyAM

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javAnA be rastA hatA-eka jaLamArga ane bIje sthalamArga. bhagavAna rathala-mArga (pula)thI cAlyA ane divasa AthamavAmAM eka muhUrta bAkI hatuM, tyAre tyAM pahoMcI gayA. (rAtre smaragAma rahyA ane bIje divase).kalAkamAM praveza karatI vakhate temane chanuM pAraNuM hatuM. kallAka-sannivezamAM pahoMcyA pachI bhagavAne bhikSA mATe bahula nAmanA amalANanA gharamAM praveza karyo. tyAM bahula brAhmaNe sAkara ane zIthI mizrita kharathI pAraNuM karAvyuM. triSaSTizalAkApuraSacaritramAM lakhyuM che ke navamAM caturmAsa pachI anukrame vihAra karatAM vaizAlIthI nAva dvArA gaMDakI nadIne pAra karIne bhagavAna vANijayarAma padhAryA. tata : pratasthe bhagavAn grAma vANijakaM prati / mArge gaNDakikA nAma nadI nAvottatAra ca // trivadizA namarga, rja 48 % 12, arthAt vaizAlIthI vANijakajhAmanI tarapha javA mATe bhagavAne gaMDakI nadI pAra karI. AnAthI nirNaya thAya che ke A badhA gAmo ekabIjAnI pAse pAse hatA-vaizAlI, kuDapura,

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karmIcAma, kalAga, vANiyagrAma ane duipalAsaya. () vaizAlI ane vaNigrAma pAse pAse hatA vesAliM nagari vANiyagAma ca nIpsAe duvAlasa antarAvAse vAsAvAsaM ubaage| ......vaizalyAH nagaryAH vANijyagrAmasya ca nizrayA dvAdaza caturmAsakAni vrssaavaasaarthmupaagtH| -abhivAnarAjendrakoSa bhAga 6 pRSTha 1884 (5) abhidhAnarAjendrakeSamAM vANijayagrAma, dvipalAzacaitya ane chellAgasannivezane pAse pAse batAvyA che. " teNaM kAleNaM teNaM samaeNaM vANiyagAme nAma nayare hotthaa| vaNao / / tassa vANiyagAmassa nayarasma bahiyA uttarapurathime ditImAe dUipalAsae nAma cehae |..........tss NaM vANiyagAmarasa bahiyA uttarapuratyime disIbhAe etya NaM kollAe nAmaM saMnivese hotthaa|..........vaanniygaam nayaraM majhaM majheNaM niggacchai, 2 tA jeNeva kollAe saMnivese, jeNeva nAyakule, beNeva posahasAlA, teNeva uvAgacchaI |......tennN se bhagavaM goyame vANiyagAme nayare, mahA paNattIe tahA, jAva miksvAyariyAe aDamANe ahApajjataM bhattapoNa mamma paDiggADU

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2 cA vANiyagAmAo paDiNiggacchai, 2 tA kollAyassa sanivesassa adUrasAmanteNaM voIvayamANe, bahujaNasaI nisAmei / bahujaNo annamannassa evamAikkhai 4 -vANakAgo, saM5. vI. pra. vaiva, gg 3 se 18 arthAtte kALa ane te samayamAM vANiyAgAma nAmanuM nagara hatuM. varNana, te vANiyAgAma nagaranI bahAra uttarapUrva dizAmAM dvipalAza nAmanuM citya hatuM. te vANiyAgAmanI bahAra uttara-pUrva dizAmAM ahIM kallAga nAmano sanniveza hato...vANiyAgAma nagaranI bIlakula vacamAM thaIne nikaLe che, jyAM ke lAga nAmane sanniveza che, jyAM jJAtala che, jayAM pauSadhazAlA che, tyAM ja (AnaMda-zrAvaka) Ave che. te vakhate bhagavAna gautamasvAmI vANiyAgAma nagaramAM, jevI rIte lagavatI sUtramAM batAvyuM che tevI rIte bhikSA mATe pharatAM jema batAvyuM che tema bhojana-pANI sArI rIte grahaNa kare che. grahaNa karIne vANiyAgAmathI pAchA phare che. pAchA pharatAM chellA sannivezanI samIpamAM paraspara belatAM ghaNuM mANasanA zabdone sAMbhaLe che. ghaNA mANase ApasamAM A pramANe bole che.

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upasaMhAra : 69 have sakSepamAM ame je niSkarSa upara pahoMcyA, te lakhIye chIe. 1. Adhunika sthAna jene kSatriyakuMDa kahevAmAM Ave che ane je limbuADanI pAse batAvavAmAM Ave che, te muMgera jillAnI aMdara che. mahAbhAratamAM A pradezanA eka svataMtra rAjya- meAdyAgiri 'nA nAmathI ullekha karyo che. je a'tamAM aMgadezanI sAthe bheLavavAmAM AvyA hatA, matalaba ke prAcIna aitihAsika yugamAM A sthAna videha dezamAM na hatuM. parantu aMgadeza athavA mAdyAgirinI aMtargata hatu. tethI A sthAna bhagavAnanI janmabhUmi na heAI zake. 2. Adhunika kSatriyakuMDa paryaMta upara che, jyAre prAcIna kSatriyakuMDanI sAthe zAstrAmAM paryaMtanu kAI varNana nathI maLatuM. vaizAlInI AsapAsa krAI pahADa nathI, tethI teja sthAna bhagavAnanuM janmasthAna hovAnA vadhAre saMbhava lAge che. 3. Adhunika kSatriyakuMDanI taLeTImAM eka nALu che. te ga'DakI nadI nathI. gaMDakI nadI Aje paNa vaizAlInI pAse

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so ja nirantara vahe che. 4 zAstromAM vaizAlInI pAse kSatriyakuMDa batAvyuM che, jyAre Adhunika kSatriyakuMDa vaizAlInI pAse nathI. 5. videha-deza guMgAnI uttaramAM che, jyAre Adhunika kSatriyakuMDa gaMgAnI dakSiNamAM che. uparanA niSkarSoMthI e spaSTa sAbIta thAya che H limbuAnI pAsenA pata upara rahelA sthAnane bhrAntivaza kSatriyakuMDa mAnI levAmAM Avyu che. ahIMA bhagavAnanu cyavana, janma ke dIkSA kAI paNa kalyANaka nathI thayuM. zAstronA AdhAre amArUM e mAnavu che ke je sthAna atyAre sADhanA nAmathI prasiddha che, te ja prAcIna vaizAlI che. AnIja pAse svata tra kSatriyaku DagAma hatuM. jyAM bhagavAnanA traNa kalyANakA thayAM hatAM. Aja sthAnanI pAse Aje paNa vANiyAgAma,manaparAgAchI ane kAlluA vidyamAna che. A kSatriyakuMDa AjakAla vAsukuMDanA nAmathI prasiddha che, Aki yAlAjikala vibhAga paNa vAsukuMDane ja prAcIna kSatriyakuMDa mAne che. ahIMnA nivAsIo paNa emaja mAne che.

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ke bhagavAnane janma ahIMyA ja thayuM hatuM. san 41mAM ame svayaM ahIM traNa cAra divasa rahIne basADha, kamanachapazagAchI, huA, vANiyAgAma ane azokastaMbha vagerenuM nirIkSaNa karyuM hatuM. paraMtu nadIne pravAha badalAI javAthI vANiyAgAma, chellAga, ane karmArAma nadInA pUrva bhAgamAM AvI gayAM che 1 Aja vahAlImAM je kaMgAya che te ja zrImahAvIra svAmInuM janma sthAna che. tyAM tIrthakaronI mUtio nikaLavAthI A vAha pragaTa thAya che. -jhAlIna jaina smAraka (bAhyAcArI zItalaprasAdajI) pRSTha 2

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'vaizAlI' nA sambandhamAM keTalAka mahattvanA abhiprAyo. ( 1 ) " bhAratIya ItihAsanA saMbaMdhamAM hajI ghaNI zeAdhakheALa karavAnI jarUra che, khAsa karIne ItihAsanA prasiddha sthAnAnAM sabaMdhamAM hajI leAkeA bahu ochuM jANe che. suprasiddha vidvAna mahAtmA zrA, viyendrasUrijIe A dizAmAM khUba mahattvapUrNa kAma karyuM che. bhAratIya itihAsamAM suvikhyAta prAcIna nagarAmAM vaizAlInuM zreSTha sthAna che. bauddha ane jaina granthAmAM Ane dhaNA ja ullekha thayelA che. AvA mahattvapUrNa zaheranA saMbaMdhamAM A prAmANika ane upayogI pustaka lakhIne lekhake hindI sAhityanI prazaMsanIya sevA karI che. ( ekapatra) (2) vaizAlI baudh-samayanuM eka prasiddha nagara hatuM. A nagaranu jaina ane bauddha granthAmAM khUba varNana Ave che. prastuta pustakamAM zrI vijayendrasUrijIe te prAcIna nagaranA sthAnanI eLakhANa karAvavAne parizrama karyAM che. temanA e niNya ke Adhunika sADha ja prAcIna vaizAlI che, ThIka lAge che. Aya kSetra, videha, vaizAlI AdinA sabaMdhamAM jaina, vaidika tathA bauddha granthAnAM pramANeA ApavAmAM AvyA che. jaina ane vaidika granthAnA uddaraNa te mUla pustakamAMthI ApelAM lAge che, parantu bauddha granthAnA mUla uddaraNu na ApIne aMgrejImAMthI avatArita karavAmAM AvyA che; te paNa mUlamAMthI ja levAmAM AvyA haiAna te| sAruM thAta.

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73 prastuta pustaka vAMcavAthI e jaNAya che ke vaizAlInI pAse keTalAka evA sthAna che, jene mahAvIra svAmInI sAthe dhaniSTha saMbaMdha che. A sthAne vANijyagrAma, kalyAga-sanniveza, kamaragrAma, ane kSatriyakuDapura che. lekhake AnI oLakhANa Adhunika vANiyAgAma, kahuA, phUmanachAparAgAchI ane vAsukaDathI karI che. jo ke jenI Adhunika mAnyatAnusAra mahAvIrasvAmInuM janmasthAna lithuAnI pAse athavA nAlandAnI pAse che. paraMtu lekhake prAcIna granthAnA AdhAre e siddha karyuM che ke A banne mAnyatAo ThIka nathI. paraMtu je sthAnanI oLakhANa lekhake karI che, te ja sthAne mahAvIra svAmIthI saMbaMdha rAkhe che. AvI ja rIte jaina zAstro upara vivecana karatA Do. hAranala ane Do. jekobIe kaMIka vibhinna sthApanA karI che. saMbhavataH te bhUle bhAratIya paraMparAne nahIM samajavAne kAraNe thaI che. A banne vidvAnonA pakSanuM nirAkaraNa paNa lekhake atyanta vidvatApUrNa rIte ekaMdara pustaka atyaMta upayogI tathA mananIya che. kevala sAmAnya vAcakane ja nahi, paraMtu itihAsanA vidyArthIo mATe paNa kaMika navI sAmagrI prastuta kare che. sAptAhika "vIra arjuna" tA. 28 saMvata. 2003 zrAvaNa bhagavAna mahAvIranuM mosALa vaizAlImAM hatuM. je licchivI kSatrionI rAjadhAnI hatI. Adhunika mujaphapharapura jillAnuM basADha gAma prAcIna vaizAlInuM ja pratirUpa che. tyAM ja vaizAlI vaseluM hatuM. tenI pAse ja jJAtakSatriyAnuM pramukha zahera kuMDagrAma hatuM.

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jyAM bhagavAna mahAvIra janmyA hatA. khedanI vAta che ke jene pitAnA A banne gAmane bhUlI gayA. evI avasthAmAM pastuta pustakanuM prakAzana samaya upara thayuM che jenA lekhaka AcArya viyendrasUri che, teoe A pustakamAM vaizAlInuM prAcIna ane arvAcIna rU5 spaSTa rIte camakAvI dIdhuM che ane brAnta dhAraNAonuM khaMDana karyuM che. purAtattvapremIoe Ane jarUra vAMcavuM joIe. jenee Ane vAMcIne vaizAlI ane kuMDagrAmane oLakhIne tene uddhAra karavo joIe. pustakamAM bhagavAna mahAvIra tathA lekhakane pheTa, tathA basADhane nakazo paNa Apyo che. lekhake bhagavAna mahAvIranA samayamAM Aryadezane pUrvamAM aMgamagadha sudhI, dakSiNamAM kauzAmbI sudhI, pazcimamAM kurukSetra sudhI ane uttaramAM kuNAla deza (zrAvastI) sudhI batAvyo che. A amane ThIka nathI lAgatuM. te vakhate ATalA pradezamAM dharmanI mAnyatA nibaMdha thatI hatI. tethI kalpasUtramAM ene AryakSetra kahI dIdhuM. tethI e vAta samajavAmAM nathI AvatI ke bAkInuM bhArata AryakSetra na hatuM. jena-zAstromAM te Arya khaMDanI sthiti ane vistAra te ghaNo vadhAre che. tethI bhAratano eka bhAga ja Arya-deza kema mAnI zakAya ? vIra tA. 28-12-46 Ape jaina sAhityanA AdhAre prAcIna vaizAlI upara je prakAza pADyo che, te ghaNo ja agatyanuM che. che. metIcandra, prinsa opha vesa pUjiyama muMbaItA. 6-9-46 (5) kharekhara Ape Adhunika baniyA-basADhane mahAvIrasvAmInI

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04 janmabhUmi siddha karIne jaina samAjamAM pracalita eka mAsa bhramane dara karyo che. te mATe jaina-samAja ja nahIM parantu samasta dvitsamAja Apane RNI raheze. mArI sammattimAM jainasamAjanI tarathI vaizAlImAM eka vizALa anusanmAna bhavana ane atithizALAnI racanA thavI joie. vaizAlImAM A vastumAnI nyUnatA ghaNI ja khaTake che. jainasamAjamAM jevA dhama prema che, te ja pramANe tenI pAse dhananI bahulatA pazu. che. tethI A kArya kaI muzkela nathI. prA. megendra mizra ema. e. sAhityaratna itihAsa vibhAga, muzIsiMha kAleja meAtIhArI, tA. 8-9-4 ( 6 ) ItihAsa prasiddha vaizAlI nagarInI bhaugelika sthitine pramANita karavA mATe jainAcAya zrI. viyendrasUrijInI " vaizAlI '' nAmaka " pustaka sapramANa ane upayegI che. Avu AdhArayukta vivecanApU pustaka pragaTa karavA mATe ame AcAya' sUrijIne hArdika abhinaMdana ApIe chIe. AzA che ke aitihAsi| AmAM ApelA pramANeA ane ta upara sArI rIte vicAra karIne zrI. mUrijInA prayatnAnA Adara karaze. (1) vizvezvaranAtha ska jodhapura tA. 19-8-46 ApanI pustaka zaizAlI dhyAnapUrvaka vAMcI. suMdara temaja sarvAMga

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76 pUrNa racanA thaI che. ukata nagarInI bhaugolika paristhiti nizcita karavA mATe Ape vaidika bauddha ane jaina traNe dharmovalakhienA dRSTikANanA AdhAra lIdheA che. temaja temanuM manana karIne nizcayA upara paheAMcyA che, A eka vizeSatA che. pAzcAtya vidvAnAe sthAnIya (Local ) bhUgAlanI ajJAnatAnA kAraNe je bhrAnta vArtA lakhI mArI che, te sudhAravAnA paNu Ape prazaMsanIya prayatna karyo che. ApanI A pustaka itihAsakArA mATe ghaNI ja madadagAra thaze. Ane vAMcyA pachI emaja thAya che ke AnA pracAra prAcIna bhAratIya ItihAsanA badhA vidyAneA ane vidyAthI emAM thAya. prAcIna bhAratIya ItihAsanI bIjI lupta nagarInA sabaMdhamAM paNa pharIthI AvI pustikAo prakAzita thAya eja IcchA thAya che. AzA che ke ApanI A pustikA te leAkeA mATe mA da ka khanaze. mahArAja kumAra raghuvIrasiMhuM sItAmau, (mAlavA) tA. 19-8-4} (<) "vaizAlI upara lakhelA nibandhanI eka prati mAkalIne mane yAda karyAM, e ApanI kRpA che. meM Ane dhyAnapUrvaka vAMcI. A upayAgI sUcanAmAtho paripUNaeN che. ane ethI vadhIne AmAM pratyakSa joyelI sthitine vistAra pUrvaka samAveza che. huM hRdayathI cAhu chuM ke samaya kADhIne Apa AvA prakAranA nibandha zrAvastI vagere upara paNa lakhA, pro. DA. e. ena. upAdhyAya rAjArAma DhAleja, kAlhApura 15 agasta 1946

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GO (9) 3 agastanu pesTikArDa ane ApanI vaizAlI upara lakhelI pustaka mukapAsTathI prApta karIne mane ghaNA ja AnaMda thayo. pustaka vAMcIne kharekhara mane atyanta prasannatA thai. huM 'nagaranI oLakhANa nA ApanA daSTikANuthI pUrUpathI sahamata . DaoN. pI. ela. audya--pUnA 14 agasta 1946 (10) vaizAlInI pustaka maLI, sAdyanta ene vAMcatAM manamAM ghaNIja prasannatA thaI. bhAratanI prAcIna nagarI mATe AvA abhyAsapuN pramANa puraskara lekhAnI dhaNIja jarUra che. Ape vaizAlInA bhaugAlika sthAnanA nizcaya vaidika, baudhdha ane jaina pramANeAthI karyo tethI te mAnanIya che. sAthe ja gheADA rAjakIya itihAsa ApavAthI pustakanI mahattA vadhI jAta. tA. 16-8-4} pro. DaeNAlararAya raMgIladAsa mAMkaDaH gujarAta nagara, kAMcI 5 (11) banne pustaka vAMcI, vaicAlInI keTalIka vAtA mArA mATe navI che. enA upayoga mArA 'bhAratavarSanA itihAsamAM karIza. Ape dhA viSaya eka ThekANe bhegA karavAnA mahAna parizrama karyo che. te mATe ame ApanA AbhArI chIe. ApanI sukSma vicAraNAthI khUba ja AnaMdR thayA. tA. 13-9-46 Shree Sudharmaswami Gyanbhandar-Umara, Surat bhagavatta bI. e, vaidika risarca insTITyUTa lAhAra. www.umaragyanbhandar.com

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. (12) Ape . te ( 'vaizAlI'--pustaka)mAM je parizrama karyo che te zlAdhya che. hu' tA hajI eTalAthI paritRpta nathI thayA. baizAlInA prAcIna jaimava ane svarUpanuM varNana jarA vistArathI thAya te kevuM sAruM ! 400--500 pAnAnuM pustaka kaiMka upayogI thAya. chatAM Ape je sthApanA karI che temAM zodhakhALanI pracura sAmathrI bharI che. eka vinati che: zuM rezamI akSaramAM aMgrejI lakhavAne badale nAgarI--akSarAmAM na lakhI zakAya ? jo evuM banI zake te kaivala nAgarI akSarAnA jANakAra ane mAtra hindI jANakArI mATe pustaka vizeSa lAbhaprada nivaDaze evI mArI dhAraNA che. AzA che Apa zAkhALa sabadhI ApanI bIjI pusta| paNa mane samaya upara mAchalI AbhArI karA. bAnAla kAzI 25-8-4} vizvanAthaprasAda mitra (13) mArI sammatimAM baizAlI' pustaka atyanta zreSTha che. saMkSepamAM je kahevAtu che, te sapramANa kahI dIdhu che. AvIja rIte khIjA sthAnA mATe paNa AvA prayatna karaze tA jarUra abhinaMdanIya thaze. 5. becaradAsa jIvarAja tA. 19~~~4} amadAvAda (14) prastuta pustakamAM zrIyuta jainAcAyajIe vaizAlInI aitihAsika ane bhaugolika sthiti para vivecanAtmaka prakAza pADayA che, mApe

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hasAhitya, jenasAhitya ane vaidika sAhityanA dRSTikoNanuM paNa samanvayAtmaka saMkalana karyuM che. AjanA bhAratanA nakazAmAM vaizAlInI bhaugolika sthiti kayAM hoI zake che. ene zodhakhoLa pUrvakano eka nakazo ApIne paNa stutya kArya karyuM che. bhAratanI prAcIna rAjadhAnIonI purAtatva vibhAga dvArA je zodhakheLa thaI che, enuM aitihAsika rUpe vivecana thavuM joIe. ane Aja pustakanI mAphaka anya rAjyadhAnIo upara paNa pustaka prakAbita thavI joIe, yadyapi jainAcAryajInuM zaizAlInI prati AkarSaNa mahAvIra svAmInuM janmasthAna hevAnA kAraNe ja tevuM joIe; paraMtu pustakamAM kayAMya eka pakSIya dRSTikoNa dekhAtuM nathI. pustaka etihAsika, bhaugolika dRSTikoNathI mahatvapUrNa, padanIya temaja saMgrahaNIya che. tA. 15-12-46 -navayuga sAptAhika (15) ApanI dauzAlI pustikA dhyAna pUrvaka vAMcI. Ape khUba ja parizrama laIne vauzAlI saMbaMdhI gAmenI tapAsa karI che. vANijayagrAma, kellAga, kuMDapura Adi gAmenA saMbaMdhamAM ApanA matathI huM sahamata chuM. emAM saMdeha nathI ke ApanI pustaka prAcIna ItihAsa ane bhUgoLanA saMzodhakone khUba ja upayogI nivaDaze. kAzI vizvavidhyAlaya anaH sadAziva alakaraH tA. 18-11-46 (16) Apano bane pustake maLI. bethAlI" vAMcIne ghaNe ja

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AnaMda thayo. jaina-sAhityanI sAthe mAre vizeSa paricaya nathI. chatAM paNa ApanI AlocanA saMpUrNa rIte etihAsika praNAlikAthI mAnya che. Ape je kaMI lakhyuM che te jainagranthanA ja AdhAre nahIM, paraMtu pratyeka vAtane upalabdha badhA pramANe dvArA niSpakSapAta rIte cacI che. AlocanAtmaka viSayanI mImAMsA karI che. prAcIna bhAratanA bhaugolika tatvasaMbaMdhI zodhakhoLa karavA mATe A banne pustake ghaNuM ja upayogI nivaDaze. uparanA viSaya Ape evI sarala bhASAmAM lakhyA che ke mArA jevA sAdhAraNa pAThakane paNa ApanI yukitanuM anusaraNa karavAmAM jarAye muzkelI paDI nathI. che. surendranAtha sena.. tA. 20-8-46, bhUtapUrva--upakulapati. dilhI vizvavidyAlaya. (17) ...ApanAM mekalelAM badhAM pustako maLyAM che. "vaizAlI" ane "dAmA." mane khUba ja gamyAM. Ape mane jainadharmanAM pustake mekalyAM tethI mane have jaina purAtana sAhitya viSe jANuvAnI utkaMThA thaI che. Apa mane emAM daravaNuM Apaze to AbhAra." zAhapura-amadAvAda -anubhaTTa tA. 23-1-54 (18) "...ApanI "zaizAlI' pustaka maLI, te badala dhanyavAda. Apane prayAsa atyanta prazaMsanIya che." - jainadharmadivAkara zrI AtmArAmajI mahArAja tA. 20-17-46 -lavIyAnA ane "rudradAmajI mane have ja emAM deravaNa

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w (19) 66 ...vaizAthI pazu maLI. mApanI kRpAnA bhAbhAra zabdomAM kvI rIte vyakta karuM! pustaka khUba ja gaveSaNA pUN ane suMdara che. pU vAMcIza." kAcI bhAdaravAdi trIja sa. 2003 (20) e batAvavu niraka che ke vaizAlI ane kSatriyakuMDa AdinA sabandhamAM Ape je niSNuya ApyA che te sAhitya tathA zilAlekhA sambandhI ullekhA dvArA eTale siddha thaI cUkayA che ke have enA sambandhamAM matabheda TakI ja nathI zakatA. ApanA mata e sambandhamAM antima niNaeNya che. vAdarA tA. 29 agasta 1946 vicArAthI pUrNa sahamata chuM. --murArIlAla kaDiyA DaoN. khI. bhaTTAcA DAyarekaTara AriyanTala InsTITayUTa (21) pustaka vAMcavAthI mane vAstavika mAna thayA. huM. ApanA DI. liT ( perIsa) DaoN. pI. ela. bela. ema. e. prAsara A saskRta ane tatsaMbadhI bhASA navarAjI vADIyA kAleja, punA.

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(22) ApanA banne prakAzane-vaizAlI" ane " vara-vihAramImAMsA' maLyA. jaina tathA bhAratIya ItihAsanA sambandhamAM Apa je anveSasunuM kArya karI rahyA che. temAM A banne grantha prazaMsanIya vicAradhArA che. jena sambandhI vistRta sAhityathI bhAratIya ItihAsane haju ghaNuM meLavavAnuM che. Ape je vidvatApUrNa rIte pitAne pakSa sthApana karyo che, to ane anya bAbata para je kamabaddha rU. vicAro prakaTa karyA che tathA prAcIna matanuM je pAMDityathI jaDana karyuM che tenAthI pratyeka vAcakane saMtoSaja thaze. ApanA A bane prakAzane anuzIlana-kAryanA AdarzarUpe svIkAravA joIe. lImena, beDIkeTa Apane ena Ara, barI Do. e. Da zemasa. tA. 21 agasta, 1948 (23) ApanA grantha "vaizAlI " mAM Ape jana paraMparAo, samasAmAyika sAhitya tathA anya sUtro sabaMdhI ApanI vizALa bahuzrutatAno ucita upayoga karyo che. ane vibhinna dharmothI saMbadha rAkhanAra vaizAlIne bihAranA mujaphapharapura jillAnI aMdara vartamAna basAhanA rUpamAM hovAnI khUba sudaDha puSTi karI che. AzA che bhaviSyamAM purAtatva sambandhI je khedAI-kArya thaze, tenAthI ApanI vAtane vadhAre puSTi maLaze ane A vivAda prasta praznano aMta AvI jaze. che. lIvara lekhe kalakattA, 1 mI mArca 1947 InsTITayUTa da sivilAIjezana IdI sArAne, perIsa

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zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra zramaNa bhagavAna mahAvIra paramAtmAnuM jIvanacaritra taiyAra thaI rahyuM che. A pustaka AgamagraMthA, zA, zilAlekho ane Itara graMthAnA ullekho vigerenA AdhAre taiyAra thaI rahyuM che.

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yazovi, alcohlo yaritaito