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________________ jinadharma-vivecana jinadharma-vivecana (pUrvArddha) lekhaka : bra. yazapAla jaina, ema.e., jayapura sampAdaka: DaoN. rAkeza jaina zAstrI, nAgapura paNDita ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa e-4, bApUnagara, jayapura ha 302015 phona : 0141-2707458,2705581 . phaiksa : 2704127 E-mail: ptstjaipur@yahoo.com (1)
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________________ prakAzakIya paNDita ToDaramala smAraka TrasTa, jayapura kA nAma jaina samAja meM alpamUlya meM satsAhitya upalabdha karAne ke lie vikhyAta hai| saMsthA kA prayAsa nitanUtana sAhitya jana-jana taka pahu~cAne kA rahA hai| prastuta prakAzana 'jinadharma vivecana' bra. yazapAla jaina kI navInatama kRti hai, AzA hai yaha kRti sadA kI bhA~ti samAja meM samucita samAdara prApta kregii| yaha kRti kA pUrvArddha hai, isameM mukhyarUpa se dravya-guNa-paryAya kA hI vivecana kiyA gayA hai| viSaya ko sugama banAne ke uddezya se praznottara zailI kA prayoga kiyA gayA hai, AzA hai pAThaka Agama, yuktiyoM va udAharaNoM ke mAdhyama se viSayavastu ko saralatA se samajha skeNge| bra. yazapAlajI ne isa kRti ke nirmANa meM athaka parizrama kiyA hai| kRti ke uttarArddha meM ve sAta tattva, ahiMsA tathA hiMsA ke bheda Adi samAhita karane hetu kaTibaddha haiN| ve satat sAhitya sAdhanA meM tallIna rahate hue AtmakalyANa ke mArga para agrasara hoM - aisI bhAvanA hai| ___ DaoN. rAkeza jaina zAstrI, nAgapura ne manoyoga pUrvaka sampAdana kArya kara kRti ko vyavasthita rUpa pradAna kiyA hai, isake lie ve badhAI ke pAtra haiN| mudraNa vyavasthA meM sadA kI bhA~ti prakAzana vibhAga ke prabhArI zrI akhila baMsala kA zrama zlAghanIya hai| zrI kailAza zarmA ne kampojiMga kArya manoyogapUrvaka kiyA hai, isake lie unheM dhanyavAda / Apa sabhI jinadharma vivecana kA hArda samajhakara dravya guNa paryAya kA sahI svarUpa samajheM, isI bhAvanA ke sAtha hna DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla mahAmaMtrI
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________________ sampAdakIya apanI bAta jinadharma-vivecana par3hane ke pahale maiM pAThakoM se kucha kahanA cAhatA hU~ - isa kRti meM viSaya ke pratipAdana meM maiMne aneka sthAna para zAstroM ke AdhAra diye haiN| zAstroM kA AdhAra dete samaya jisa mUla prAkRta-saMskRta bhASA meM zAstra likhe haiM, unake hindI anuvAda kA upayoga hI kiyA gayA hai| yadi kahIM-kahIM para prAkRta-saMskRta kA upayoga kiyA bhI gayA hai to usakA hindI anuvAda bhI diyA hai| ___abhiprAya yaha rahA hai ki pAThakoM meM prAkRta-saMskRta bhASA ko jAnane vAle to bahuta kama loga haiM; ataH hindI anuvAda to denA Avazyaka hI hai| yadyapi, isa kRti meM vizva evaM dravya-guNa-paryAya ke sAtha-sAtha sapta tattva, ahiMsA, hiMsA ke bheda, deva-zAstra-guru - ina viSayoM kA vivecana bhI denA cAhie thA; tathApi ye viSaya pUrNarUpa se abhI taiyAra nahIM hai; isalie jinadharma-vivecana (pUrvArddha) ke nAma se yaha kRti pAThakoM ke kara-kamaloM meM dene kA prayAsa kiyA hai| zeSa viSaya, yathAzIghra uttarArddha ke rUpa meM prakAzita karane kA mAnasa hai| __maiM DaoN. rAkeza jaina zAstrI, nAgapura kA vizeSa AbhAra vyakta karanA cAhatA hU~; kyoMki unase yadi yaha kRti sampAdita nahIM hotI to itanI vyavasthita nahIM bntii| merI mAtRbhASA to kannar3a hai aura par3hAI, marAThI bhASA meM huI hai| isa kAraNa hindI bhASA meM kucha kamiyA~ rahanA svAbhAvika hai| una kamiyoM ko dUra karane kA kArya DaoN. rAkeza jaina ne kiyA hai| maiM bhaviSya meM bhI unase sahayoga kI apekSA rakhatA huuN| ___ jinadharma-vivecana par3hane ke bAda pAThaka apanA abhimata mujhe likheMge to mujhe unake abhiprAya ko jAnakara, jinavANI-sevA kA yaha kArya adhika zuddha/nirmala banAne meM avazya madada milegI; ataH unase unake abhimata likhane kA sAnurodha nivedana hai| - bra. yazapAla jaina, ema.e. isa pustaka kA sampAdana kArya mere hAtha meM kaise AyA? usakA saMkSipta vivaraNa dene kA yahA~ mana hai - maiM apane nijI kArya se jayapura gayA thA, usa samaya AdaraNIya bAla bra. yazapAlajI ne unakI isa racanA 'jinadharma-vivecana' ke kucha pRSTha mujhe par3hane ko die| maiMne apanI ora se usameM kucha saMzodhana sujhAe, ve saMzodhana unheM bahuta pasanda Ae; ataH unhoMne mujhe sampUrNa pustaka kA saMzodhana karane ke lie kahA / yadyapi maiMne apanI vyastatA darzAI, phira bhI unhoMne bahuta Agraha kiyA to maiMne isa racanA kA sampAdana, prUpha-saMzodhana, vAkya-vinyAsa, viSaya Adi samagra dRSTiyoM se avalokana kiyA hai| isa racanA meM 'dravya-guNa-paryAya' se sambandhita viSaya pramukhatA se liyA gayA hai - yaha merA bhI priya viSaya hai; kyoMki maiMne isI viSaya para apanA zodhakArya kiyA hai| ____ isaprakAra 'dravya-guNa-paryAya' kA viSaya atyanta gahana evaM vistRta hai, phira bhI vidvAn lekhaka ne ise atyanta sarala evaM sarvagrAhya banAne kA prayatna kiyA hai aura ve apane prayAsa meM saphala bhI hue haiN| pratyeka viSaya ko prastuta karane meM Agama-pramANa, yuktiyA~, udAharaNa evaM jAnane se lAbha Adi binduoM kA samucita upayoga kiyA gayA hai| viSaya-prastutikaraNa kI dRSTi se nimna bindu dRSTavya haiM - 1. mahattvapUrNa vAkyoM/vAkyAMzoM ko adhika kAlA kiyA gayA hai| 2. viSaya ko aura adhika grAhya banAne kI dRSTi se praznottara zailI kA prayoga __ kiyA gayA hai, jisase viSaya pratipAdana meM saralatA huI hai| 3. aneka sthaloM para mUla granthoM ko par3hane kI preraNA bhI dI gaI hai| 4. pustaka ko adhyAyoM meM vibhAjita karane ke sAtha-sAtha aneka sthAnoM para zIrSaka evaM upazIrSaka bhI lagAye gaye haiN| (3)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 6 5. mUla granthoM ke sandarbhoM kI zuddhatA banAye rakhane kA vizeSa prayAsa kiyA gayA hai / isaprakAra isa pustaka kA sampAdana-saMzodhana karate hue merA bhI viSaya ke sambandha meM vizeSa adhyayana huA hai aura jJAna meM nirmalatA vRddhiMgata huI hai| mujhe isa kArya ko karane kA avasara pradAna karake AdaraNIya yazapAla aNNAjI ne merA parama upakAra hI kiyA hai| yaha viSaya, hamAre apane kalyANa meM atyanta upayogI hai, ataH pAThakoM se isakA gaharAI se adhyayana karane kA AgrahapUrvaka nivedana hai| AdaraNIya aNNAjI ne mujhase kahA ki maiM yahA~ apane zodha grantha kA kucha paricaya likhU~, tAki pAThakoM ko usakI kucha jAnakArI ho sake, ata: yahA~ usakA saMkSipta paricaya prastuta karane kA prayAsa karatA hU~ "yaha zodha-prabandha, saMskRta bhASA meM zrI lAlabahAdura zAstrI rASTriya saMskRta vidyApITha, naI dillI ke aMtargata mAnanIya DaoN. vIrasAgara jaina dillI ke kuzala nirdezana meM prastuta kiyA gayA hai| isa zodha-prabandha kA mukhya zIrSaka 'jainadarzana meM artha ke dravyaguNa- paryAya kA svarUpa' hai; isameM sAta adhyAya haiM hra 1. prathama adhyAya meM 'prastAvanA' ke rUpa meM jainadarzana ke saMkSipta itihAsa ke sAtha-sAtha vizeSarUpa se dravya-guNa- paryAya ko jAnane kA prayojana batAyA gayA hai| 2. dvitIya adhyAya meM 'artha kA anuzIlana' kiyA gayA hai; kyoMki pravacanasAra kI gAthA 87 meM artha ke tIna prakAra batAye gaye haiM hra dravya, guNa aura pryaay| isameM artha kI anekAntAtmakatA, sattA kA nirUpaNa, dravyakSetra - kAla-bhAva ke Aloka meM loka / vizva kA svarUpa, isake antargata vizva, padArtha, vastu, astikAya, tattva, bhAva Adi kA pRthak-pRthak vivecana bhI kiyA gayA hai| (4) sampAdakIya 3. tRtIya adhyAya meM 'dravya kA anuzIlana' ke antargata dravya kyA hai ? dravya kA svarUpa, sattA, guNa, paryAya, utpAda-vyaya- dhrauvya Adi kI apekSA kyA hai ? isIprakAra dravya-guNa-paryAya kI paraspara bhinnatAabhinnatA, SaD dravya, dravya kI zuddhatA-azuddhatA kA svarUpa ityAdi viSayoM kA adhyayana kiyA gayA hai| 7 4. caturtha adhyAya meM 'guNa kA anuzIlana' karate hue, guNoM ke paryAyavAcI, guNoM kI dravyAzritatA, guNoM kI nirguNatA, guNoM kI nityAnityAtmakatA, guNa zabda ke anyatra prayoga; jaise- guNasthAna, paMca parameSThiyoM ke kramazaH 46, 8, 36, 25, 28 Adi vizeSa guNa, guNa kI padArtharUpatA, guNArthikanaya, guNoM kI pariNamanazIlatA, guNoM ke a prakAra se bheda-prabheda, saiMtAlIsa zaktiyA~ ityAdi viSayoM ko saMgRhIta kiyA gayA hai / 5. paMcama adhyAya meM 'paryAya kI vyAkhyA' kI gaI hai; usameM vizeSarUpa se paryAya kI vyutpatti svarUpa evaM lakSaNa, paryAya ke dravyaparyAya, guNaparyAya, svabhAvaparyAya, vibhAvaparyAya, arthaparyAya, vyaMjanaparyAya, zuddhaparyAya, azuddhaparyAya, kAraNazuddhaparyAya, kAryazuddhaparyAya, kramabhAvIparyAya, sahabhAvIparyAya, svaparyAya, paraparyAya, UrdhvaparyAya, tiryak paryAya, anAdiparyAya, sAdiparyAya, sadutpAda, asadutpAda Adi bheda-prabhedoM, paryAya kA kAla, cAra abhAva, kramabaddhaparyAya, paMca samavAya Adi viSayoM kA anuzIlana kiyA gayA hai| 6. SaSThama adhyAya meM vizeSarUpa se 'dravya-guNa- paryAya kI paraspara AzrayatA' ko udghATita kiyA gayA hai| eka hI dravya meM anyatva - ananyatva, dravya kI tAtkAlika va traikAlika ananyatA, nayadRSTi-pramANadRSTi se dravya guNa- paryAya kA svarUpa, dravya-guNa- paryAya kI pRthak-pRthak nityAnityatA, dravya- astikAya-padArtha-tattva kI dravya-kSetra-kAla- bhAvamayatA,
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana sAmAnyarahita vizeSa aura vizeSarahita sAmAnya kA niSedha, anvayavyatireka, zuddhAzuddha dravya-guNa-paryAya Adi viSayoM kA vistRta vivecana kiyA gayA hai| 7. saptama adhyAya meM 'vibhinna darzanoM ke sandarbha meM dravya-guNaparyAya kA vivecana' kiyA gayA hai; isameM veda-brAhmaNa-AraNyaka; upaniSadgItA; cArvAka-bauddha-jaina, vaizeSika-naiyAyika-sAMkhya-yoga-mImAMsAvedAnta Adi bhAratIya darzanoM tathA mAileziyana-pAithAgorasahereklAiTsa-sukarAta-pleTo -arastU-jIno-proklas - airijonA-brUnokempAnolA-brekana Adi pAzcAtya darzanoM ke sandarbha meM dravya-guNa-paryAya kI mImAMsA kI gaI hai| 8. aSTama adhyAya meM 'upasaMhAra' karate hue dravya-guNa-paryAya ke parijJAna kI mahatI AvazyakatA, prastuta zodha grantha kI maulikatA Adi viSayoM ke sAtha-sAtha aneka pariziSToM kA samAveza kiyA gayA hai, jinameM paNDita dIpacandajI zAha kAsalIvAla kI savaiyA TIkA tathA paramAtmapurANa ke saMskRta anuvAda evaM lekhaka ke 'pajjayamUDhA hi parasamayA' hra yaha lekha prakAzita kiye gaye haiN|" yaha zodha prabandha bhI zIghra hI prakAzita kiyA jAegA, jisase pAThakoM ko dravya-guNa-paryAya se sambandhita jijJAsAoM ko upazAnta karane meM avazya madada milegI hra aisA merA vizvAsa hai| - DaoN. rAkeza jaina zAstrI, nAgapura jinadharma-vivecana bhUmikA 1. pUrNa vItarAgI, sarvajJa va hitopadezI ko jinavaravRSabha yA jinendra kahate haiN| 2. sabhI munirAja evaM gaNadhara parameSThI jinavara haiM athavA chaThaveM-sAtaveM guNasthAna meM jhUlanevAle evaM zreNI meM ArohaNa karanevAle bhAvaliMgI munirAja ko jinavara kahate haiM / 3. jo vItarAgI, sarvajJa va hitopadezI jinendra bhagavAna kI AjJA kA anusaraNa karate haiM, unheM jina kahate haiM athavA sabhI samyagdRSTiyoM ko jina kahate haiM tathA jo apanI indriyoM ko jIta lete haiM, unheM jina kahate haiN| 4. jinendra bhagavAna ne jisa dharma kA kathana kiyA hai, use jinadharma kahate haiN| 5. jo jinavaravRSabha, jinavara, jina evaM jinadharma ke anuyAyI haiM, unheM jaina kahate haiN| zrI arahanta bhagavAna ko bhI jinendradeva kahate haiN| sabhI tIrthakara paramAtmA to jinendra haiM hii| anAdikAla se Aja taka ananta jIva jinendra ho cuke haiN| bhaviSyakAla meM bhI ananta jIva jinendra hoMge tathA vartamAnakAla meM bhI lAkhoM jIva videhakSetra meM jinendra avasthA meM vidyamAna haiN| ___ yadi koI sAmAnya munirAja bhI pUrNa vItarAgI hokara sarvajJa hote haiM, unako bhI jinendra kahate haiN| dhyAna rahe - divyadhvani se upadeza denA, jinendra banane ke lie anivArya nahIM haiM; kyoMki mUka kevalI bhI jinendra hI hote haiN| anAdikAla se jinendra bhagavantoM ne divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se jinadharma kA upadeza diyA hai arthAt anAdikAla se ananta jinendra bhagavantoM ne ananta bAra ananta jIvoM ke AtmakalyANa ke lie jisa anupama dharma kA upadeza diyA hai, use hI jinadharma yA jainadharma kahate haiN| Aja se karIba 70-80 varSa pahale gurunAM guru svanAmadhanya guruvarya paNDita zrI gopAladAsajI baraiyA ne aneka AcAryoM dvArA racita aneka zAstroM ke AdhAra se sAmAnya logoM ko jinadharma kA prAthamika jJAna karAne kI bhAvanA se hindI bhASA meM jaina siddhAnta pravezikA nAmaka racanA likhI hai| yaha racanA 671 praznottaroM meM nibaddha hai| (5)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana paravartI cintakoM ko baraiyAjI kI yaha kRti bhI vistRta jAna par3I to unhoMne ise hI AdhAra banAkara laghu jaina siddhAnta pravezikA kI racanA kI hai| jo vizeSarUpa se samAja meM pracalita hai| ____ isI laghu jaina siddhAnta pravezikA ke AdhAra se vayovRddha vidvAn zrI rAmajIbhAI mANikacandajI dozI ne zrI jaina siddhAnta praznottaramAlA ke tIna bhAgoM kI racanA kI hai| inhIM tIna bhAgoM ko AdhAra banAkara zrI jaina siddhAnta praveza ratnamAlA ke sAta bhAga evaM laghu jaina siddhAnta praveza ratnamAlA kI racanAe~ paNDita zrI kailAzacandajI bulandazahara vAloM ne kI hai| uparyukta sabhI kRtiyoM ke AdhAra se hI maiMne bhI jinadharma-pravezikA kI racanA kI hai| yadyapi karIba 10 varSa pahale maiMne apanI hI kRti jinadharmapravezikA ke AdhAra para jinadharma-vivecana likhA thA, tathApi usase maiM utanA santuSTa nahIM ho pAyA thA, isa kAraNa usakA prakAzana nahIM karAyA; ataH maiMne punaH naye prayAsa ke sAtha jinadharma-vivecana likha diyA hai| apane jIvana meM maiMne bhI apanI pAtratA ke anusAra jijJAsu pAtra jIvoM ko dharma samajhAne kA prayAsa kiyA hai| usa prayAsa ke AdhAra se maiM yaha kahanA cAhatA hU~ ki jinadharma-vivecana kA bhI samAja avazya lAbha legA; kyoMki jinadharma-pravezikA kA hindI, marAThI aura kannar3a mAtRbhASika logoM ne lAbha liyA hai aura le rahe haiN| lAbha lene vAloM kI saMkhyA kitanI hai, isa sambandha meM maiM adhika socatA nahIM; kyoMki sAkSAt tIrthaMkara kI divyadhvani jaba samavasaraNa ke mAdhyama se khiratI thI, taba bhI maryAdita jIva hI satyArtha tattva kA lAbha lete the| viSaya-kaSAya ke poSaNa se rahita vItarAgI tattva kA lAbha lenevAle loga niyama se hamezA maryAdita hI raheMge - aisA hI vastusvarUpa hai; ataH dharmalAbha lenevAloM kI saMkhyA meM kamI se maiM kabhI bhI prabhAvita nahIM hotaa| isa kRti meM jo kucha tAttvika viSaya batAyA gayA hai, vaha saba sarvajJakathita evaM AcAryoM dvArA racita jinavANI kA hI hai| maiMne to mAtra apane upayoga/jJAna ko nirmala banAne kI bhAvanA se hI yaha viSaya likhane kA vikalpa kiyA hai| isa kRti meM jo viSaya satya hai, vaha to jinavANI kA hai aura jo kamiyA~ haiM, vaha saba merI haiM - aisA merA namra nivedana hai / astu ! // vItarAgAya namaH / / jinadharma-vivecana maMgalAcaraNa deva-zAstra-guru ko namUM; namUM digambara dharma / vItarAgatA ho pragaTa; sahaja mile ziva zarma / / paMca parama pada vizva meM; Agama ke anusaar| unakI zraddhA bhakti se; houM bhavodadhi pAra / / zAsana vIra jinendra kA; varta rahA hai Aja / unake caraNoM meM namana; sahaja saphala saba kAja / / ghAti karma saba nAza kara; ananta catuSTaya paay| sapta dhAtu se rahita tana; audArika kahalAya / / doSa aThAraha haiM nahIM; zuddha jnyaan-bhnnddaar| haiM arahanta parameSThI; dhyAna dharo guNa-dhAra / / aSTa karma kA nAza kara; lie aSTa gunn-dhaar| jJAtA-dRSTA loka ke; nirAkAra avikaar|| loka-zikhara para vAsa hai; jJAnarUpa ghana piNDa / siddha sadA hI dhyAiye; ziva sukha mile akhnndd| kundakunda ko nita namana; diyA 'samaya' kA saar| bhUla sakegA kauna kaba; unakA yaha upakAra? hai yaha 'jinadharma-vivecana'; jina zAsana kA dvaar| kathana kare jinadharma kA; Agama ke anusaar|| - zrI bAbUlAlajI bA~jhala, gunA (6)
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________________ vizva-vivecana jinadharma pravezikA meM sarvaprathama 1. prazna hai - vizva kise kahate haiM? uttara - (jIvAdi) chaha dravyoM ke samUha ko vizva kahate haiN| 2. prazna - loka aura aloka donoM ko hI vizva kahanA athavA mAtra loka ko, spaSTa kIjie? uttara - loka aura aloka donoM hI vizva ke antargata Ate haiM, mAtra loka nhiiN| mAtra loka ko hI vizva mAnA jAe to hamane AkAza ke eka alpabhAga ko hI vizva mAna liyA aura bahabhAga AkAzadravya ko vizva meM liyA hI nahIM, yaha prasaMga upasthita ho jAegA, jo vastusvarUpa ke anukUla nahIM hai| vizva kI paribhASA meM chaha dravyoM ke samUha ko vizva kahA gayA hai; ataH pUrNa AkAza ko vizva meM samAhita karanA yogya hai| isa prakAra loka aura aloka donoM hI vizva meM sammilita hote haiN| hameM aisA nahIM samajhanA cAhie ki alokAkAza meM bhI chaha dravya hote haiM; kyoMki vahA~ to mAtra AkAzadravya hI hai| yadyapi zAstroM meM loka yA lokAkAza kI mukhyatA se hI adhikatara varNana milatA hai; ataH chaha dravyoM ke samUha ko loka/vizva kahA jAtA hai| ___ AcArya kundakunda ne bArasANuvekkhA nAmaka kRti meM isa viSaya ko gAthA kramAMka 38 meM atyanta spaSTa zabdoM meM kahA hai - jIvAdipayadrANaM, samavAo so Niruccae logo| tiviho haveI logo, ahmjjhimuddbheenn| jIva Adi padArthoM ke samavAya ko loka kahate haiN| loka tIna prakAra kA hai - adholoka, madhyaloka va uurdhvlok| koI pUcha sakatA hai - hameM jinadharma samajhanA hai| yahA~ vizva ko samajhane se kyA prayojana hai? hameM vyartha kA kAma nahIM karanA hai| vizva-vivecana bhAIsAhaba! yaha kAma vyartha kA nahIM hai| jaba taka hameM "isa vizva kA koI kartA-hartA nahIM hai, yaha vizva svayameva hai, anAdi se hai aura ananta kAlaparyaMta svayameva banA rahegA' - aisA pakkA vizvAsa yA bharosA nahIM hotA hai; taba taka jIva ko kAlpanika sarva sAmarthyavAn bhagavAna kA bhaya banA rahatA hai; isalie isa vyartha ke bhaya ko bhagAne ke lie vizva kisI kA banAyA huA nahIM hai - aisI zraddhA avazya honA caahie| jIvAdi chaha dravyoM ke samUha ko vizva kahate haiM - aisA nirNaya hone se hama nirbhaya rahate haiN| jo jIva, jIvana meM nirbhaya nahIM hogA; vaha dharma karane ke lie athavA dharma jAnane ke lie bhI samartha nahIM ho sktaa| dharma samajhane ke lie sabase pahale nirbhaya honA atyanta Avazyaka hai| bhayabhIta rahanevAlA vyakti dharma kaise karegA? dharma kaise jAnegA? isalie vizva kA yathArtha jJAna karanA Avazyaka hai| isa vizva ko jagata, loka, duniyA aura brahmANDa Adi nAmoM se bhI jAnA jAtA hai| isa vizva meM jAti apekSA chaha dravya haiM; unake nAma - jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla hai| isaprakAra vizva ko jAnanA vyartha kA kAma nahIM hai, balki anivArya kAma hai| 3. prazna - Apa to zAstra ke AdhAra para kaha rahe ho| kyA zAstra ke AdhAra se vastu-vyavasthA mAnanA ajJAna aura andhavizvAsa nahIM hai? uttara - vAstavika bAta to yaha hai ki jinendra bhagavAna sarvajJa evaM vItarAgI haiM, unhoMne jo vastu kA svarUpa dekhA-jAnA hai, vahI apanI divyadhvani meM kahA hai, vahI yukti evaM tarka se bhI siddha hotA hai tathA jo viSaya, tarka tathA yukti se siddha hotA hai, use hI zAstroM meM kahA jAtA hai| Apako lagatA hai ki zAstra para zraddhA karanA bhI ajJAna aura andhavizvAsa hai; para yaha bAta satya nahIM hai| hama bhI yahI kahate haiM ki satya ko jAnane ke lie parIkSApradhAnI honA Avazyaka hai| jinendrakathita zAstra kI paribhASA hI yaha hai ki "jo kathana, tarka (7)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana evaM yukti se siddha tathA pUrvApara-aviruddha hotA hai, use hI zAstra/Agama kahate haiN| isalie jinendrakathita zAstroM para zraddhAna karanA andhavizvAsa athavA ajJAna nahIM hai|" punaH yaha prazna bhI pU~chA jA sakatA hai ki jaba sAmAnya netA (manuSya) bhI apane anuyAyioM meM yadi kiMcita bhI pakSapAta karatA hai to usakI mahAnatA meM kalaMka laga jAtA hai| to kyA jinendrakathita zAstroM kA hI zraddhAna karane meM kyA pakSapAta kI gandha nahIM hai? uttara - dekho! jinendrakathita vastuvyavasthA meM kisI bhI prakAra pakSapAta kI gandha nahIM hai; kyoMki jinendra bhagavAna loka ke kartA yA niyantA nahIM hai, unhoMne apane ananta kevalajJAna meM jaisA vastu kA svarUpa dekhA hai, vaisA hI to batAyA hai| yadi hama unheM yA kisI anya Izvara ko jagat kA nirmAtA mAneM to pakSapAta kI gandha avazya aaegii| dekho! vizva meM to manuSyoM kI racanA meM aneka vividhatAe~/viparItatAe~ pratyakSa anubhava meM A rahI haiM hra 1. kucha manuSya dhanavAna haiM to kucha dhanahIna / 2. kucha janma se maraNa paryaMta niroga rahate haiM to kucha janma se hI aneka rogoM se pIr3ita rahate haiN| 3. kucha bhagavAna ke bhakta haiM to kucha bhagavAna ke bhaktoM aura bhagavAna ke bhI virodhI / 4. koI sajjanottama haiM to koI sajjanoM kA hI nAza karane ko tatpara / ataH yadi samatAsvabhAvI bhagavAna yadi isa vizva ko banAnevAle mAne jAe~ to unakI yaha pakSapAtapUrNa racanA atyanta azobhanIya pratIta hotI hai| ___ isa sandarbha meM ApakA yaha uttara sambhava hai ki ve bhagavAna pratyeka manuSya ko unake apane-apane pUrvopArjita pApa-puNya ke anusAra bAhya meM anukUlatAe~ tathA pratikUlatAe~ dete haiN| lekina yadi manuSya ke pApa-puNya ke anusAra hI bhagavAna phala dete haiM to bhagavAna apanI icchA ke anusAra phala dene meM samartha nahIM hai; aisA artha prApta hotA hai| isa kathana se to bhagavAna ke kartApane kI bAta hI samApta ho jAtI hai; hama bhI yahI kahanA cAhate haiN| vizva-vivecana 4. prazna - lekina Apake isaprakAra ke kathana se hamArA jinamandira jAnA aura jinendra bhagavAna kI bhakti-pUjA Adi karanA saba banda ho jaaegaa| hameM mandira jAnA cAhie athavA nahIM, yaha bhI spaSTa kIjie? uttara - bhAI sAhaba! hamArA ApakA mandira jAnA sArthaka hove tathA usakA yathArtha pratiphala prApta ho, isa bhAvanA se hI yaha saba kathana ho rahA hai| bhagavAna ke sacce svarUpa kA evaM kAryoM kA satya nirNaya ho jAne para unakI bhakti bhI jJAnapUrvaka hotI rhegii| vizva aura bhagavAna ke sambandha kA yathArtha nirNaya ho jAne para jinamandira meM jAne kA bhAva saccA aura acchA hI hogaa| bhagavAna ke pAsa bhaya se athavA bhogya padArthoM kI bhIkha ke uddezya se jAnA alaga bAta hai aura zAstrAdhAra sahita tarka aura yuktipUrvaka unake svarUpa ko satyArtha jAnakara sahaja bhakti se jAnA alaga bAta hai| prathama paddhati se manuSya ko na to nirbhayatA prApta hotI hai aura na icchita bhogya padArthoM kI prApti hotI hai| mithyA kalpanA karane se mAtra pApakarma kA hI bandha niyama se hotA hai| dvitIya paddhati se manuSya niyama se nirbhaya hotA hai| bhaya kA nikala jAnA hI svayaM sukha hai| nirbhaya manuSya, nizaMkatA se satyAsatya kA nirNaya karane meM samartha hotA hai| jJAnasahita nirbhaya pariNAmoM se puNyakarma kA sahaja Asrava-bandha hotA rahatA hai tathA yathAsamaya puNyakarma ke udaya se sAMsArika bhogyapadArtha bhI binA mA~ge hI milate rahate haiM; ataH parIkSApradhAna paddhati hI dharma ke lie atyanta Avazyaka hai| 5. prazna - jIvAdi chaha dravyoM ko kyA Apa tarka ke AdhAra se bhI siddha kara sakate ho? yadi hA~ to sabase pahale jIvadravya ko siddha kiijie| uttara - jagat meM aneka prakAra ke kArya dekhane-jAnane ko milate haiM, Apane dekhA hogA, unameM samajhanerUpa kArya hameM jIvoM meM hI milatA hai| skUla-kaoNleja meM to samajhane kA kArya vidyArthI karate hI haiN| anya sthAnoM para bhI samajhane tathA samajhAne kA kArya calatA rahatA hai| ghara meM putra, pitA (8)
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________________ 17 jinadharma-vivecana se vyApAra-dhandhe ke viSaya meM jAnatA/samajhatA hai| mA~, beTI ko roTI banAne kI kalA sikhAtI hai| relave se yAtrA karate samaya kucha galatI ho jAe to TI.sI. athavA anya yAtrI bhI galatI karanevAle ko samajhAte haiM aura vaha yAtrI unase samajhatA hai| par3hAnevAle zikSaka apane vidyArthiyoM se pU~chate haiM - samajha meM AyA? vidyArthI uttara detA hai - hA~ gurujI! samajha meM AyA; ataH ghara se lekara bAjAra taka saba sthAnoM para samajhane kA kArya calatA rahatA hai| isaprakAra 'samajhanA' yaha kArya ho gyaa| koI bhI kArya, kAraNa ke binA nahIM hotA - yaha niyama hai| samajhane rUpa kArya ke pIche to jJAna kAraNa hai hI, lekina samajhAne rUpa kArya ke pIche bhI jJAna hI kAraNa hai| jJAna ke binA samajhanA aura samajhAnA asambhava hai| isaprakAra jJAna arthAt jAnakArI lete-dete samaya hama manuSyoM ko rAtadina spaSTarUpa se jAnate hue dekhate haiM; ataH manuSya, jJAna karatA hai yA jAnatA hai - yaha viSaya spaSTa huaa| 6. prazna - kyA isa jagata meM mAtra manuSya hI jAnatA hai? gAya, baila, hAthI, ghor3e, kIr3e, makor3e, cIMTI macchara Adi prANI nahIM jAnate haiM kyA? uttara - are bhAI! gAya, baila, hAthI Adi prANI bhI jAnate haiN| yadi jAnavara nahIM jAnate hote to ve apane mAlika ko pahicAnane kA kAma kaise karate? cIMTI bhI jAnatI hai, isa kAraNa to vaha mIThI cIjoM ke pAsa jAtI hai aura mirca se dUra rahatI hai| are! anya kIr3e-makaur3oM kI kyA bAta kareM? vanaspati bhI jAnatI hai| jidhara dhUpa hotI hai, udhara per3a kI TahaniyA~ adhika jhukatI haiM; jisa dizA meM pAnI ho athavA gIlApana ho, udhara vRkSa kI jar3eM adhika mAtrA meM phailatI haiM; kyoMki vRkSoM ko unase poSaNa milatA hai| 7. prazna - ina udAharaNoM se Apa kyA samajhAnA cAhate haiM? uttara - jisake pAsa jJAna hai, vahI jIvadravya hai - aisA hameM nirNaya hotA hai| isa taraha tarka ke AdhAra se jIva kI siddhi hotI hai| vizva-vivecana 8. prazna - pudgaladravya kI siddhi tarka ke AdhAra se kaise hogI? uttara - yadyapi pA~ca indriyoM se jJAta hone yogya bhI eka dravya hai, use nAma kyA diyA jAe? yaha viSaya alaga hai; tathApi yaha viSaya spaSTa samajha meM AtA hai ki sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa aura zabda - inakA jJAna hameM indriyoM ke mAdhyama se hotA hai| indriyagamya mAtra eka hI dravya hai, jise jinavANI meM pudgala kahA jAtA hai| eka mAtra yahI dravya 'rUpI' hai| 'rUpI' zabda kA artha mAtra varNavAlA nahIM, 'rUpI' kA artha hai - jo sparza, rasa, gandha evaM varNa se sahita hai, use 'rUpI' kahate haiN| isIprakAra pUrana-galana kI kriyA jisameM ho, use pudgala kahate haiN| yaha lakSaNa satyarUpa se pratIta hotA hai; kyoMki sparzAdi guNoM se sahita aura pUrana-galana karanevAlA pudgala, sarvatra hI sabako anubhava meM AtA hai| jaise, atyanta mIThA evaM ucitarUpa se pake hue Ama kA ucita samaya para svAda liyA jAe to manuSya Anandita hotA hai| yadi bhUlavaza yogya samaya Ane para Ama ko kAma meM nahIM leMge to Ama kA sar3a jAnA svAbhAvika hai| jisataraha Ama kI bAta kahI, usItaraha pratyeka phala kI bAta samajha lenA caahie| Ama pahale to per3a para kairI ke rUpa meM dikhatA hai| dhIre-dhIre bar3A hotA hai arthAt usakA pUraNa honA cAlU hai aura bAda meM pUrNa paka jAne ke bAda jo prakriyA hotI hai, use galana kahate haiN| isaprakAra jo vastu atyanta spaSTarUpa se anubhava meM AtI hai, use na mAnane kI bAta kaise ho sakatI hai? jisataraha koI vyakti soyA ho to use jagAnA sarala hai; kyoMki duniyA meM sote hue manuSya ko hamezA hI jagAyA jAtA hai; lekina jisane jAnabUjhakara nIMda kA bahAnA banAyA hai, use jagAnA kaise sambhava hai? usI taraha pudgala nAmaka vastu kA jJAna hameM rAta-dina ho hI rahA hai; isalie pudgaladravya ko mAnanA hI caahie| 9. prazna - dharmadravya kI siddhi kaise hotI hai? uttara - eka jagaha se anya jagaha para jAne kA arthAt sthAnAntara kA (9)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana vizva-vivecana kArya dinabhara calatA hI rahatA hai| rela, moTara, sAikila Adi dvArA AdamI eka nagara se dUsare nagara ko jAtA huA sabako pratyakSa dekhane meM AtA hai| vidyArthI subaha 10 baje skUla jAte haiM aura zAma ko ghara Ate haiN| naukarI karanevAle roja hI subaha oNphisa jAte haiM aura zAma ko ghara Ate haiM; yaha saba satata calatA hI rahatA hai| gatirUpa-gamanarUpa-sthAnAntaraNarUpa kArya rAta-dina calatA hI rahatA hai to isa kArya ke lie nimitta kAraNa honA anivArya hai| usa nimitta kAraNarUpa dravya ko hI jinadarzana meM dharmadravya nAma diyA hai| mokSamArgasvarUpa dharma alaga hai aura yaha dharmadravya alaga hai| mokSamArga to sukhadAtA, nirAkulasvarUpa evaM mokSadAtA hai aura dharmadravya to lokavyApaka, acetana evaM akhaNDa eka dravya hai| jainadarzana ko chor3akara anya kisI bhI darzana ne isa dharmadravya ko svIkRta nahIM kiyA hai| 10. prazna - aba adharmadravya kI siddhi kIjie? uttara - dharmadravya ke kathana ke prasaMga meM aneka padArtha gamana karate haiM - yaha viSaya batAyA gayA hai| aba hama yaha bhI soceMge ki kyA gamana karane vAle sarva padArtha sadaiva gamana hI karate rahate haiM athavA viziSTa maryAdA paryanta gamana karane ke bAda ruka bhI jAte haiM? gamana karane vAle padArtha ruka jAte haiM yA thor3e samaya ke lie sthira ho jAte haiM - yaha bAta sarvavidita hai| isakA artha yaha huA ki sthira rahanerUpa bhI eka kArya isa duniyA meM hai| rela bhI gamana karate hue yogya sTezana para yogya samaya ke lie niyama se rukatI hI hai| kahIM na rukanevAlI rela athavA basa meM kauna aura kyoM baiThegA? tathA yadirela athavA moTara kahIM rukegI hI nahIM to yaha manuSya baiThegA bhI kaise? aura kahA~? isakA spaSTa artha yaha huA ki gamana karanevAlA kahIM na kahIM rukegA avazya / bhale hI havAIjahAja hI kyoM na ho, usakA rukanA anivArya hai| ___ gamana karate hue rukane ke viSaya meM hama anya padArthoM kA hI dRSTAnta kyoM dekheM? hama-Apa roja jinamandira jAte haiM to gamana karake jAte haiN| bhale vaha hamArA gamana pairoM se ho, kAra se ho yA kisI bhI sAdhana se ho| jinamandira jAne ke bAda pUjA-bhakti ke lie mandira meM kucha samaya taka rukate haiN| yaha jo rukanerUpa yA sthira rahanerUpa kArya hotA hai, use koI na koI kAraNa to avazya honA hI cAhie, kyoMki bAhya kAraNa yA nimitta kAraNa ke binA bhI koI kArya nahIM hotA; isalie sthira rahanerUpa jo kArya hai, usameM jo kAraNa ho, usa dravya kA nAma hI adharmadravya hai| hiMsAdi pA~ca pApa, sapta vyasana yA mithyAtva jaise pApoM yA mahApApoM ko bhI adharma kahate haiM; lekina yahA~ usa adharma kI bAta nahIM hai| isIprakAra bAhya vratAdi kAryoM ko vyavahAra dharma tathA zuddhopayogarUpa AtmAnubhavana Adi kAryoM ko nizcaya dharma kahate haiM, unakI bhI yahA~ bAta nahIM hai| yahA~ to dharmadravya yA adharmadravya nAmaka eka, akhaNDa, lokavyApI evaM jar3a dravya hai, use hameM apane jJAna meM svIkAranA caahie| dharmadravya tathA adharmadravya - ina do dravyoM kA vastu-vyavasthA meM svIkAra mAtra jainadarzana ne hI kiyA hai, anya kisI bhI darzana ne ina dravyoM ko mAnA hI nahIM; isa vizeSatA ko bhI hameM jAnanA caahie| 11. prazna - kyA AkAzadravya kI siddhi bhI tarka ke AdhAra se ho sakatI hai? use bhI hama jAnanA cAhate haiN| uttara - jainadarzana ko chor3akara anya aneka darzanoM ne bhI yadyapi AkAzadravya ko mAnA hai; tathApi jainadarzana kA kahanA kucha alaga hI hai| yahA~ to tarka ke AdhAra se AkAzadravya ko siddha karane kA prayAsa kiyA jA rahA hai| hama apanI A~khoM se AkAra meM choTe-bar3e AkAravAle aneka padArthoM ko dekhate haiN| yadi padArthoM ke AkAra choTe-bar3e ho sakate haiM to sarvotkRSTa AkAra bhI kisI na kisI dravya kA honA hI caahie| isa tarka ke AdhAra se bhI AkAzadravya hI sabase bar3e AkAravAlA siddha hotA hai| AkAzadravya, sabhI dravyoM ko avagAhana denevAlA mAnA gayA hai| aba, yahA~ avagAhana' dene kA matalaba samajhAte haiM - ananta jIvadravya, anantAnanta pudgaladravya, dharma aura adharmadravya eka (10)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana eka ina saba dravyoM ko rahane ke lie aura apanA-apanA kArya karane ke lie koI na koI sthAna honA Avazyaka hai| yadi koI sthAna hI nahIM hogA to ye dravya kahA~ rahakara apanA kArya kareMge? kahA~ gamana aura kahA~ sthitirUpa kArya kareMge? isaprakAra ina dravyoM ko sthAna denA bhI eka svatantra kArya huaa| isa kArya ko karane ke lie dravyoM ke AkAroM ke anurUpa koI ati vizAla eka dravya honA hI cAhie; jo ina saba dravyoM ko sthAna dene meM samartha ho| isa sthAna-dAna ke kArya ko karanevAle dravya ko hI AkAzadravya kahate haiN| 20 loka jIvana meM jala, aneka padArthoM ko sthAna / avakAza arthAt jagaha detA huA dekhane meM AtA hai| pAnI meM Apa dhIre-dhIre namaka DAlate jaao| pAnI kA AkAra to jitanA hai, utanA hI rahegA; lekina bahuta sArA namaka pAnI meM samA jaaegaa| phira usI pAnI meM dhIre-dhIre zakkara DAlate jAo to zakkara bhI usameM ghula jAegI; lekina pAnI kA AkAra utane kA utanA hI rhegaa| isIprakAra eka kaTorI meM labAlaba pAnI bhro| phira usa kaTorI ke pAnI meM dhIre-dhIre kaTorI bharakara hI rAkha DAlate jAo, rAkha usa pAnI meM samA jaaegii| tadanantara usI kaTorI meM eka kaTorI bharakara aneka suI ko Apa dhIre-dhIre usameM bharate / DAlate jAo to usameM utanI suiyoM ko bhI sthAna milegA / yahA~ kaTorI ne pAnI ko jagaha dii| pAnI ne rAkha ko jagaha dii| rAkha suIyoM ko jagaha dii| lekina kaTorI ko AkAza ne jagaha dI hai| kaTorI to bahuta choTI hai, AkAza ne to bar3e-bar3e parvatAdi ko bhI jagaha dI hai| yahA~ eka viSaya sahaja samajha meM AtA hai, A sakatA hai ki sabako jagaha denevAlA koI nA koI dravya avazya honA hI cAhie, usI sabase bar3e AkAra vAlI vastu ko hI AkAza kahate haiN| dazoM dizAoM meM hama kitanA bhI gamana karate jAe~ge to bhI AkAza (11) vizva - vivecana kA anta nahIM aaegaa| isa kAraNa sparzAdi rahita, arUpI aura akhaNDa tathA vizAla arthAt AkAza ananta hai- yaha viSaya samajha meM AtA hai| 21 isa AkAza ko lokAkAza evaM alokAkAza, isa taraha do rUpa meM bhI mAnA jAtA hai| yahA~ donoM AkAza meM itanA hI bheda hai ki jahA~ jIvAdika chahoM dravyoM kA astitva hai, usa AkAza ke vibhAga ko lokAkAza kahate haiM tathA jahA~ mAtra AkAzadravya hI hai, anya koI dravya nahIM; usa ananta AkAza ke bahubhAga ko alokAkAza kahate haiN| 12. prazna- kyA sUrya, candra, nakSatra, tAre Adi jahA~ dikhate haiM, usI ko AkAza kahate haiM athavA dUsare sthAna para bhI AkAza hai? uttara - sUrya, candra tAre Adi jahA~ dikhate haiM, use hI AkAza mAnanA asatya hai, kyoMki hama jisa sthAna para rahate haiM, vahA~ bhI AkAza hai| jamIna khodate jAe~ge to vahA~ bhI AkAza hai| khodane ke bAda vahA~ AkAza utpanna hotA hai aisA bhI nahIM hai| AkAza sabhI dizAoM meM hai| AkAza nahIM hai - aisA koI sthAna na loka meM hai, na aloka meM hai; isalie AkAzadravya ko sarvavyApaka kahate haiN| hama Apa, AkAza meM hI rahate haiM evaM gamanAgamana karate rahate haiN| 13. prazna- kyA kAladravya kI siddhi bhI tarka se ho sakatI hai? uttara - kyoM nahIM? duniyA meM naI-purAnI vastue~ dekhane ko milatI haiM - yaha nayApana aura purAnApana, kAla ke binA kaise ho sakatA hai ? duniyA meM karor3oM bacce choTI umra ke haiM aura karor3oM loga variSTha nAgarika haiM - yaha vibhAjana, vyavahAra kAla (samaya, muhUrta, dina-rAta, mahinA, varSa ) binA sambhava nahIM hai| yaha Sar3adravyamaya vizva anAdi se hai aura ananta kAla taka rahanevAlA hai - aisA kathana bhI kAla se hI hotA hai| prathama, dvitIya, tRtIya, caturtha, paMcama, SaSTha kAla Adi kAla ke bheda bhI kAladravya ke kAraNa hI haiN| subaha jaldI uThanA cAhie, rAta ko samaya para so jAnA cAhie - Adi saba kathana bhI kAladravya ko siddha karate haiN|
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana kAlarUpa vyavahAra, koI kavi-kalpanA yA bhramajAla nahIM hai, vastusthiti hai; jo satya ke dharAtala para sadA se avasthita hai| yadyapi isa kAlarUpa kArya ko mAtra hama bhAratavAsI hI mAnate hoM, anya videzI nahIM - aisA bhI nahIM hai; kyoMki kAla kI sattA samUce vizva ko svIkAra hai| kAlarUpa kArya kA vyavahAra bhUtakAla meM bhI thA, bhaviSya meM bhI rahegA aura vartamAna meM to cala hI rahA hai| ataH kAlAtmaka kArya ke lie nimittarUpa dravya kI sattA mAnanA bhI Avazyaka ho jAtA hai aura use hI zAstroM meM 'kAladravya' kahA jAtA hai| 14. prazna - Apane chaha dravyoM kI sattA kI siddhi tarka aura yakti se to kI, phira bhI Apa zAstra kI zaraNa nahIM chor3anA cAhate; zAstra kI zaraNa chor3ane meM kyA hAni hai? uttara - ApakA kahanA sahI hai ki hama zAstra ke viSaya ko tarka aura yukti se satya siddha karane kA prAmANika prayAsa karate haiM, asatya siddha karane kA nhiiN| hama zAstroM meM kathita sarvajJa bhagavAna ke parama satya viSaya ko chor3e bhI kyoM? zAstra kI bAta svayameva satya hai aura use satya siddha karane meM hI hamArA hita hai| jinadharma meM parIkSA kA artha hI jinendrakathita viSaya ko satya siddha karanA hai| jinendra bhagavantoM dvArA kathita tattvoM (viSaya) kI yaha vizeSatA hai ki ve tattva, tarka aura yukti se abAdhita hote haiN| isI tathya ko zAstra ke svarUpa' ke kathana meM AcArya zrI samantabhadra ne ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra meM nimna zloka dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai - AptopajJa - manullaMghya - mdRssttessttvirodhkm| tattvopadezakRtsArva, zAstraM kApathaghaTTanam / / 9 / / arthAt 1. jo sarvajJa-vItarAga ke dvArA kathita hai, 2. jo kisI vAdI-prativAdI dvArA ullaMghana nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, 3. jisakA dRSTa arthAt pratyakSa aura 4. iSTa arthAt anumAna pramANa dvArA virodha nahIM AtA, 5. jo tattva arthAt jaisA vastu kA svarUpa hai, vaisA kathana yA vizva-vivecana upadeza karanevAlA hai, 6. jo sarva jIvoM ko hitarUpa tathA kumArga arthAt mithyAmArga kA niSedha karanevAlA hai; isaprakAra jo chaha vizeSaNoM se sahita hai, use saccA Agama/zAstra kahate haiN| ___ AcAryakalpa paNDita ToDaramalajI bhI 'mokSamArgaprakAzaka' ke pRSTha 259 para parispaSTa karate haiM - "yadi jinavacana aura apanI parIkSA meM samAnatA ho, taba to jAneM ki satya parIkSA haI hai| jaba taka aisA na ho, taba taka jaise koI hisAba karatA hai aura usakI vidhi na mile. apanI cUka ko DhU~DhatA hai; usI prakAra yaha apanI parIkSA meM vicAra kiyA kre|" chaha dravyoM kI siddhi ke lie zrI rAmajIbhAI dozI dvArA mokSazAstra meM diyA gayA cintana bahuta yuktisaMgata hai; isalie yahA~ usake AdhAra se nimna kathana karate haiM - jIva aura pudgala dravya kI siddhi (1) 'jIva' eka pada hai, isIlie vaha jagat kI kisI vastu yA padArtha ko batalAtA hai| hameM yahA~ yaha vicAra karanA hai ki vaha kyA hai? isake vicAra karane meM hama eka manuSya kA udAharaNa lete haiM, jisase vicAra karane meM sugamatA ho| (2) hamane eka manuSya dekhA, vahA~ sarvaprathama hamArI dRSTi usake zarIra para par3I tathA yaha bhI jJAta huA ki vaha manuSya, jJAnasahita bhI hai| vahA~ zarIra ko cakSu Adi indriyoM se dekhakara nizcita kiyA; kintu usa manuSya ke jJAna kA nizcaya indriyoM se nizcita nahIM kiyA; kyoMki jJAna indriyagamya nahIM hai| jJAna kA nizcaya usa manuSya ke vacana yA zarIra kI ceSTA ke AdhAra para kiyA hai| isaprakAra hamArI netra Adi indriyoM dvArA zarIra kA nizcaya kiyA, isa jJAna ko hama indriyajanya kahate haiM, lekina usa manuSya meM jJAna hone kA nizcaya, anumAnajanya jJAna hai| (3) manuSya meM hameM do bheda jJAta hue - 1. indriyajanya jJAna se zarIra aura 2. anumAnajanya jJAna se jJAna / phira cAhe kisI manuSya meM vaha jJAna, (12)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana vizva-vivecana alpa mAtrA yA vizeSa mAtrA meM pragaTa ho| aba, hameM yaha nizcaya karanA cAhie ki ye donoM eka hI padArtha ke guNa haiM yA bhinna-bhinna padArthoM ke? (4) yahA~ jisa manuSya ko hamane dekhA, usake sambandha meM nimna prakAra se dRSTAnta dete haiM - 1. usa manuSya kA hAtha cAkU Adi se kaTa gayA aura zarIra se rakta (khUna) nikalane lgaa| 2. usa manuSya ne rakta nikalatA huA jAnA aura vaha rakta turanta hI banda ho jAe to acchA - aisI tIvra bhAvanA bhaayii| 3. lekina usa samaya rakta jyAdA nikalane lagA aura aneka upAya karane para bhI usake banda hone meM bahuta samaya lgaa| 4. rakta banda hone ke bAda hameM jaldI ArAma ho jAe - aisI usa manuSya ne nirantara bhAvanA karanA jArI rkhaa| 5. kintu bhAvanA ke anusAra pariNAma nikalane ke badale utanA bhAga sar3atA gyaa| 6. usa manuSya ko zarIra meM mamatva hone ke kAraNa bahuta duHkha huA, use usa duHkha kA anubhava bhI huaa| 7. dUsare sage-sambandhiyoM ne bhI yaha jAnA ki usa manuSya ko duHkha ho rahA hai; kintu ve usake duHkha yA anubhava kA kucha bhI aMza na le ske| 8. anta meM hAtha ke sar3e hue bhAga ko kaTavAnA pdd'aa| 9. yahA~ usakA zarIra to kamajora huA, tathApi jJAnAbhyAsa ke bala se use dhairya rahA aura zAnti bddh'ii| 10. yadyapi vaha hAtha kaTA, tathApi usa manuSya kA jJAna utanA hI rahA, balki vizeSa tattvAbhyAsa se vaha jyAdA bar3ha gayA; lekina bAkI bacA zarIra bahuta kamajora hotA gayA tathA vajana bhI ghaTatA gyaa| (5) aba hameM yaha jAnanA hai ki ukta bAteM kyA siddha karatI haiM - yahI ki manuSya meM vicAra zakti (Reasoning Faculty) hai aura vaha to pratyeka manuSya ke anubhavagamya hai| aba vicAra karane para nimna siddhAnta pragaTa hote haiM : 1. zarIra aura jJAna - donoM ko dhAraNa karanevAlI vastue~ pRthak-pRthak padArtha haiM / jJAna ko dhAraNa karane vAlI vastu ne 'khUna tatkSaNa hI banda ho jAe to acchA - aisI tIvra icchA kI; tathApi khUna banda nahIM huaa| itanA hI nahIM; balki icchA ke viruddha zarIra kI aura khUna kI avasthA huii| 2. yadi ve donoM vastue~ eka hI hotI to jaba jJAna karanevAle ne icchA kI thI, usI samaya khUna ko banda ho jAnA caahie| 3. Upara kramAMka 4-5 meM batAI gaI bhAvanA ke kAraNa zarIra kA vaha bhAga bhI nahIM sar3atA, isake viparIta jisa samaya icchA kI, usa samaya turanta hI ArAma ho jAtA; kintu donoM pRthak hone se vaisA nahIM huaa| 4. kramAMka 6-7 meM jo hakIkata batalAI hai, vaha siddha karatI hai ki jisakA hAtha sar3A hai vaha aura usake sage-sambandhI saba svatantra haiN| yadi ve eka hI hote to ve usa manuSya kA daHkha milakara yA eka hokara bhogate aura vaha manuSya, apane duHkha kA bhAga unako detA athavA ghaniSTa sambandhIjana, usakA duHkha lekara use svayaM bhogate; kintu aisA nahIM bana sktaa| ataH yaha siddha hotA hai ki ve bhI isa manuSya se bhinna svatantra jJAnarUpa aura zarIrasahita vyakti haiN| 5. kramAMka 8-9 meM jo vigata batalAI hai, usase siddha hotA hai ki zarIra saMyogI padArtha hai; isIlie hAtha kA utanA bhAga, usameM se alaga ho gyaa| yadi jJAna aura zarIra, eka akhaNDa padArtha hote to hAtha kA Tukar3A kATakara alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| punazca yaha bhI siddha hotA hai ki zarIra se jJAna svatantra hai, kyoMki zarIra kA amuka bhAga kaTA; tathApi utane pramANa meM jJAna kama nahIM huA, kintu utanA hI rhaa| kabhI-kabhI zarIra kamajora hotA jAtA hai| lekina jJAna bar3hatA jAtA hai| isaprakAra yaha siddha hotA hai ki zarIra aura jJAna, donoM svatantra vastue~ haiN| (13)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 6. kramAMka 10 se yaha siddha hotA hai ki kabhI-kabhI jJAna bar3hatA hai to bhI vajana nahIM bar3hatA, jabaki jJAna ke sAtha sambandha rakhane vAle dhairya, zAnti Adi meM vRddhi hotI hai| isIprakAra kabhI-kabhI zarIra vajana meM ghaTatA hai, lekina jJAna meM ghaTatI nahIM hotI; isalie jJAna aura zarIra ye donoM bhinna, svatantra aura virodhI guNavAle padArtha haiM / jaise, (a) zarIra vajanasahita aura jJAna vajanarahita; (ba) zarIra ghaTA, jJAna bar3hA; (sa) zarIra kA bhAga kama huA, jJAna utanA hI rahA yA phira bar3hA; (da) zarIra indriyagamya hai, saMyogI hai aura AtmA se alaga ho sakatA hai athavA kisI dUsarI jagaha usakA bhAga alaga hokara raha sakatA hai, jabaki jJAnavastu indriyagamya nahIM, kintu jJAnagamya hai, usake Tukar3e yA hisse nahIM ho sakate, kyoMki vaha asaMyogI hai aura sadA apane dravya, kSetra (AkAra), kAla aura bhAvoM se apane meM akhaNDita rahatA hai aura isalie usakA koI bhAga alaga hokara anyatra nahIM raha sakatA yA kisI ko de nahIM sakatA; 26 (i) yaha zarIra, saMyogI padArtha se banA hai, usake Tukar3e hisse ho sakate haiM; parantu jJAna vaisA nahIM hai| kisI saMyoga ke kAraNa koI apanA jJAna dUsare ko de nahIM sakatA, kintu apane abhyAsa se hI jJAna bar3hA saka vAlA, asaMyogI aura nija meM se AnevAlA hone se jJAna sva-AtmA ke hI Azrita rahane vAlA hai| 7. 'jJAna' guNavAcaka nAma hai, vaha guNI ke binA nahIM hotA, isalie jJAnaguNa ko dhAraNa karanevAlI vastu jIva hai; use AtmA, sacetana padArtha, caitanya ityAdi nAmoM se pahicAnA jA sakatA hai| isa taraha jIvapadArtha, jJAnasahita, asaMyogI, arUpI aura apane hI bhAvoM kA apane meM kartAbhoktA siddha hotA hai aura usase viruddha zarIra, jJAnarahita, ajIva, saMyogI (14) vizva - vivecana aura rUpIpadArtha siddha hotA hai; vaha pudgala nAma se pahacAnA jAtA hai| zarIra ke atirikta jo-jo padArtha dRzyamAna hote haiM, ve sabhI zarIra kI taraha pudgala hI haiM aura ve saba pudgala sadA apane hI bhAvoM ke apane meM hI kartA bhoktA haiM, jIva se sadA bhinna hone para bhI ve apanA kArya karane pUrNa sAmarthyavAna haiN| 27 8. punazca jJAna kA jJAnatva kAyama rahakara, usameM hAni - vRddhi hotI hai / usa hAni-vRddhi ko jJAna kI tAratamyatArUpa avasthA kahA jAtA hai| zAstra kI paribhASA meM use 'paryAya' kahate haiN| jo nitya jJAnatvarUpa se sthira rahatA hai, vaha 'jJAnaguNa' hai / 9. zarIra, saMyogI siddha hai, isalie vaha viyogasahita hI hotA hai| punazca zarIra ke choTe-choTe hisse kareM to aneka hisse hoM aura jalAne para rAkha ho jAe; isIlie yaha siddha hotA hai ki zarIra, aneka rajakaNoM kA piNDa hai / jaise, jIva aura jJAna, indriyagamya nahIM, kintu vicAra (Reasoning ) gamya haiM; usI taraha pudgalarUpa avibhAgI rajakaNa bhI indriyagamya nahIM, kintu jJAnagamya hai / 10. zarIra, yaha mUlavastu nahIM, kintu aneka rajakaNoM kA piNDa hai aura rajakaNa svatantra vastue~ haiM arthAt asaMyogI padArtha haiM aura ve svayaM pariNamanazIla haiN| 11. jIva aura rajakaNa asaMyogI haiM, ataH yaha siddha hotA hai ki ve anAdi ananta hai; kyoMki jo padArtha, kisI saMyoga se utpanna nahIM hotA, usakA nAza bhI nahIM hotA / 12. zarIra eka svatantra padArtha nahIM hai; kintu aneka padArthoM kI saMyogI avasthA hai| avasthA, hamezA prArambha sahita hI hotI hai, isalie zarIra zuruAta yA prArambhasahita hai, vaha saMyogI hone se viyogI bhI hai| (6) jIva, aneka aura anAdi-ananta haiM tathA rajakaNa bhI aneka
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana aura anAdi ananta haiN| eka jIva, kisI dUsare jIva ke sAtha piNDarUpa nahIM ho sakatA; parantu sparza guNa ke kAraNa rajakaNa piNDarUpa hote haiN|' jIva-pudgaladravya ke samAna AkAza aura kAladravya bhI siddha kiyA jA sakatA hai - 1. aneka rajakaNoM ke ekamekarUpa hone para unameM se nayA jIva utpanna hotA hai yaha mAnyatA asatya hai; kyoMki rajakaNa sadA jJAna rahita jar3a haiN| isIliye jJAna rahita kitane bhI padArthoM kA saMyoga ho to bhI jIva utpanna nahIM hotaa| jaise aneka aMdhakAroM ke ekatrita karane para unameM se prakAza nahIM hotA, usI taraha ajIva meM se jIva kI utpatti nahIM hotii| 2. aisI mAnyatA asatya hai ki jIva kA svarUpa kyA hai vaha apane ko mAlUma nahIM hotA; kyoMki jJAna kyA nahIM jAnatA? jJAna kI ruci bar3hAne para AtmA kA svarUpa barAbara jAnA jA sakatA hai| isaliye yaha vicAra se gamya ((Reasoning- dalIlagamya) hai, aisA Upara siddha kiyA hai| 3. koI aisA mAnate haiM ki jIva aura zarIra Izvara ne banAye, kintu yaha mAnyatA asatya hai; kyoMki donoM padArtha anAdi-ananta haiN| anAdiananta padArthoM kA koI kartA ho hI nahIM sktaa|' ___ AkAzadravya : loga avyaktarUpa se yaha to svIkAra karate haiM ki 'AkAza' nAma kA eka dravya hai| makAna Adi ke dastAvejoM meM aisA likhate haiM ki 'amuka makAna ityAdi sthAna kA AkAza se pAtAlaparyanta hamArA haka hai'; isase yaha nizcaya hotA hai ki AkAza se pAtAlarUpa koI eka vastu hai| yadi AkAza se pAtAlaparyanta koI vastu hI na ho to aisA kyoM likhA jAtA hai ki AkAza se pAtAla taka hamArA haka (dAvA) hai; vastu hai, isalie usakA haka mAnA jAtA hai| AkAza se pAtAla taka vizva-vivecana arthAt sarvavyApI vastu ko 'AkAzadravya' kahA jAtA hai| yaha dravya jJAnarahita aura arUpI hai, usameM raMga, rasa vagairaha nahIM hai| kAladravya : aba, yaha siddha kiyA jAtA hai ki 'kAla' nAma kI bhI eka vastu hai| loga dastAveja karAte haiM aura usameM likhAte haiM ki 'yAvat candradivAkarauM' jaba taka sUrya aura candra raheMge, taba taka isa para hamArA haka hai| isameM bhI kAladravya ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| vartamAna meM hI hamArA haka hai' - aisA nahIM, kintu bhaviSyakAla meM bhI hamArA haka rahegA; isaprakAra vartamAna evaM bhaviSyakAla ko svIkAra karatA hai| hamArA vaibhava bhaviSya meM aisA hI banA raheM' - isa bhAvanA meM bhI bhaviSyakAla ko svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| hama aisA bhI kahate haiM ki 'hama to sAta pIr3hI se sukhI haiM, vahA~ bhUtakAla bhI svIkAra karatA hai| ___bhUtakAla, vartamAnakAla aura bhaviSyakAla - ye samasta bheda nizcaya 'kAladravya' kI vyavahAra 'paryAya' haiN| yaha kAladravya bhI arUpI hai aura usameM jJAna nahIM hai| isa taraha jIva, pudgala, AkAza aura kAladravya kI siddhi huii| aba dharma aura adharma - ina do dravyoM kI siddhi karate haiN| dharmadravya : dharmadravya ko bhI hama avyaktarUpa se svIkAra karate haiM; kyoMki chaha dravyoM ke astitva ko svIkAra kiye binA koI bhI vyavahAra nahIM cala sktaa| AnA, jAnA, rahanA ityAdi kAryoM se chahoM dravyoM kA astitva siddha ho jAtA hai| cAra dravya to pahale hI siddha ho cuke haiN| aba bAkI ke do dravya siddha karanA haiN| yaha kahane se dharmadravya siddha ho jAtA hai ki 'vaha eka grAma se dUsare grAma ko jAtA hai|' isakA artha hai ki jIva aura zarIra ke paramANuoM meM gati hotI hai| eka kSetra se dUsarA kSetra badalatA hai| isa kSetra badalane ke kArya meM kisa dravya ko nimitta kaheMge? kyoMki aisA niyama hai ki pratyeka kArya meM upAdAna aura nimittakAraNa hote hI haiN| 1. mokSazAstra, adhyAya-5, upasaMhAra, pRSTha 378-381 2. vahI adhyAya-5, upasaMhAra, pRSTha 387-389 (15)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana aba, yaha vicAra karate haiM ki jIva aura pudgaloM ko eka grAma se dUsare grAma taka jAne meM nimitta kaunasA dravya hotA hai? gamana-kArya ke 'jIva' aura 'pudgala' ye donoM to upAdAna haiM, lekina upAdAna svayaM nimitta nahIM hotaa| nimitta to upAdAna se bhinna hotA hai, isalie jIva yA pudgala - ye svayaM kSetrAntara ke nimitta nahIM ho skte| kAladravya to pariNamana meM nimitta hai arthAt paryAya badalane meM nimitta hai, kintu kAladravya kSetrAntara kA nimitta nahIM hai, isI prakAra AkAzadravya, samasta dravyoM ko rahane ke lie sthAna detA hai| jaba ye pahale kSetra meM the, taba bhI jIva aura pudgaloM ko AkAza nimitta thA aura dUsare kSetra meM bhI vahI nimitta hai, isalie AkAza ko bhI kSetrAntara kA nimitta nahIM kaha sakate / isaprakAra yaha nizcita hotA hai ki jo kSetrAntararUpa kArya huA, usakA nimitta, ina cAra dravyoM ke atirikta koI anya dravya hai| gati karane meM koI eka dravya nimittarUpa hai, kintu vaha kaunasA dravya hai - isakA jIva ne kabhI vicAra nahIM kiyA, isalie usakI khabara nahIM hai; ataH kSetrAntara hone meM nimittarUpa dravya ko 'dharmadravya' kahA jAtA hai - yaha dravya bhI arUpI aura jJAnarahita hai| adharmadravya : jisataraha gati karane meM dharmadravya nimitta hai, usI taraha sthiti meM usase viruddha adharmadravya nimittarUpa hai| jaise, 'vaha eka kSetra se dUsare kSetra meM Akara sthira hotA hai' yahA~ sthira hone meM nimitta kauna hai? AkAza sthira rahane meM nimitta nahIM hai; kyoMki AkAza kA nimittapanA to rahane ke lie hai, gati ke samaya bhI rahane meM AkAza nimitta thA, isIlie sthiti kA nimitta koI anya dravya honA cAhie, vaha dravya 'adharmadravya' hai - yaha dravya bhI arUpI aura jJAnarahita hai| upasaMhAra - isaprakAra jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla - ina chaha dravyoM kI siddhi huii| ina chaha ke atirikta sAtavA~ koI dravya bhI hai nahIM aura ina chaha meM se eka bhI nyUna nahIM hai, barAbara chaha hI dravya haiM aura aisA mAnane se hI yathArtha vastu kI siddhi hotI hai| vizva-vivecana yadi ina chaha ke atirikta sAtavA~ koI dravya ho to yaha batAo ki usakA kyA kArya hai? aisA koI kArya nahIM hai, jo ina chaha se bAhara ho, isalie sAtavA~ dravya nahIM hai| yadi ina chaha dravyoM meM se eka bhI kama ho to yaha batAo ki usakA kArya kauna karegA? chaha dravyoM meM se eka bhI dravya aisA nahIM ki jisake binA vizva kA niyama cala ske| 15. prazna - kyA isa vizva meM mAtra chaha hI dravya haiM? uttara - Apane paribhASA meM prayukta 'jAti kI apekSA' - isa vAkyAMza kI ora dhyAna nahIM diyA; isalie Apako yaha prazna upasthita huA hai; kyoMki saMkhyA kI apekSA to kula milAkara dravyoM kI saMkhyA anantAnanta hai| 16. prazna - kula milAkara dravya anantAnta haiM - aisA Apane khaa| yahA~ hamArA pU~chanA yaha hai ki kyA isake lie kucha zAstrAdhAra bhI haiN| mAtra Apake likhane se hamArI zraddhA nahIM hotii| Apa viSaya spaSTa kareM? uttara hna ApakA pU~chanA galata nahIM hai| ananta jinendra (sarvajJa) bhagavantoM ke upadezAnusAra AcAryoM ne zAstra likhe haiM; unameM se atyanta prAcIna AcArya zrI kArtikeyasvAmI ne kArtikeyAnuprekSA nAmaka zAstra kI gAthA 224 meM likhA hai - saMtiaNaMtANaMtA tIsu vi kAlesu savva dvvaanni| arthAt saba dravya, tInoM hI kAloM meM anantAnanta haiN| jAti kI apekSA vibhAjana kiyA jAe to ve saba dravya mAtra chaha prakAra ke haiN| pratyeka dravya ko saMkhyA kI apekSA jAnanA cAheM to pratyeka dravya kI saMkhyA alaga-alaga hai / jaise, jIvadravya ananta haiN| pudgaladravya anantAnta haiN| dharmadravya mAtra eka hI hai| adharmadravya bhI eka hI hai| AkAzadravya bhI mAtra eka hI hai; lekina kAladravya lokapramANa asaMkhyAta haiN| 1. zrIrAmajIbhAI kRta mokSazAstra TIkA, adhyAya 5, upasaMhAra, pRSTha 378 se 389 ke (16) AdhAra pr|
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________________ hAtA jinadharma-vivecana 17. prazna - kula milAkara tIna loka meM anantAnanta dravya haiN| isakA samAdhAna zAstrAdhAra se huA, isakA hameM atIva Ananda hai; tathApi Apane chaha dravyoM kI saMkhyA jo bhinna-bhinna rUpa se batAI hai, tatsambandhI zAstrAdhAra jAnane kI jijJAsA mana meM utpanna huI hai, usakA bhI hama uttara cAhate haiN| zAstrAdhAra ke binA viSaya mana ko svIkAra nahIM hotA, kyA kareM? uttara - Apako zAstrAdhAra kI apekSA rahatI hai, isameM kucha bhI galata nahIM hai| zAstra, kevalajJAnI bhagavAna ke upadezAnusAra rahate haiN| sarvajJa bhagavAna to jinadharma ke prANa haiN| hama bhI Apako zAstrAdhAra batAne meM utsAhita haiM, ataH Apa kucha cintA nahIM kreN| hamane jIvAdi dravyoM kI saMkhyA gommaTasAra jIvakANDa, gAthA 588 ke AdhAra se likhI hai, isake racayitA AcArya nemicandra dvArA racita gAthA isaprakAra haiM - jIvA aNaMtasaMkhA, NaMtaguNA puggalA hu tatto du| dhammatiyaM ekke kka, logapadesappamA kAlo || arthAt jIvadravya ananta haiM, usase anantagune pudgaladravya haiN| dharma, adharma, AkAza - ye eka-eka dravya haiM aura akhaNDa haiM tathA lokAkAza ke jitane pradeza haiM, utane hI kAladravya haiN| lokAkAza ke pradeza asaMkhyAta haiM aura pratyeka pradeza para eka-eka kAlANu sthita hai; isalie kAladravya asaMkhyAta haiM - yaha viSaya spaSTa hai| isa viSaya ko nemIcandra siddhAntadeva ne dravyasaMgraha kI gAthA 22 meM bhI kahA hai| 18. prazna - vizva meM jIvAdi chaha dravya kisa prakAra rahate haiM? uttara - vizva meM jIvAdi chaha dravya dUdha aura pAnI kI taraha ekakSetrAvagAhI hokara rahate haiM; tathApi ve apane-apane svabhAva ko nahIM chor3ate; isalie jIvAdi anantAnanta sabhI dravya svatantra hI haiN| unake vizva-vivecana rahane kA kSetra/sthAna/AkAza eka hai; isalie ina dravyoM kA apanA svabhAva badala kara, saba dravyoM kA svabhAva eka ho gayA - aisA nahIM hai| ___ekakSetrAvagAha sambandha ko samajhane ke lie dUdha-pAnI ke dRSTAnta se bhI spaSTa samajha meM A jAtA hai| jaise, do lITara dUdha meM do lITara pAnI DAlo athavA dasa lITara pAnI DAlo - dUdha-dUdha hI rahatA hai aura pAnI, pAnI hI; phira bhI unameM ekakSetrAvagAha sambandha rahatA hai| kabhI aisA nahIM hotA kI tapelI meM pahale se do lITara dUdha thA, bAda meM do lITara pAnI DAlA to dUdha-dUdha nIce aura pAnI-pAnI Upara hI rahA athavA tapelI meM pahale se eka lITara pAnI thA, hamane usa tapelI meM do lITara dUdha DAlA to pAnI-pAnI nIce aura dUdha Upara rahA - aisA kabhI nahIM hotaa| ___yadi dasa lITara dUdha meM eka hI pAva pAnI DAleMge to bhI vaha pAnI sampUrNa dUdha meM ekakSetrAvagAhIrUpa se vyApta ho jAtA hai| 'ekakSetrAvagAha' zabda kA spaSTa artha hai - eka hI sthAna meM vyApta hokara rhnaa| jaise, jahA~-jahA~ dUdha hai, vahA~-vahA~ pAnI hai aura jahA~-jahA~ pAnI hai, vahA~vahA~ dUdha hai| donoM kA pRthak astitva dikhAI nahIM detA hai| ataH isa prasaMga para hameM yaha vicAra karanA hai ki donoM eka hI bartana meM eka sAtha ekakSetrAvagAhI hokara mila jAne para bhI kyA ve vAstava meM eka ho gaye haiM? paraspara milane para bhI ve apane-apane svabhAva/svarUpa tathA lakSaNa se abhinna aura paraspara bhinna-bhinna hI haiN| yadi ve bhinna nahIM hote to usI dUdha se mAvA banAte samaya pAnI sarvathA nikala kaise jAtA hai? isakA artha yaha huA ki jaba dUdha aura pAnI eka bartana meM mile hue dikhAI dete the, usa samaya bhI donoM niyama se bhinna-bhinna hI the tathA ve bhinna-bhinna the, tabhI to ve vidhipUrvaka eka-dUsare se bhinna ho ge| yadi ve svarUpataH pahale se hI bhinna-bhinna nahIM hote to kabhI bhI bhinna nahIM ho sakate the| (17)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana paNDitapravara daulatarAmajI ne chahaDhAlA (pA~cavIM DhAla, chanda 7) meM AtmA aura zarIra ke svarUpa ko spaSTa karane ke lie isI dRSTAnta kA prayoga kiyA hai, jo nimnAnusAra hai - 'jala-paya jyoM jiya-tana melA, pai bhinna-bhinna nahIM bhelA' arthAt pAnI aura dUdha ke samAna jIva aura zarIra meM mela / milApa dikhAI detA hai, parantu ye donoM bhinna-bhinna hI haiM, mile hue nahIM haiN| jaise, pAnI aura dUdha donoM mile hue hone para bhI niyama se bhinnabhinna hI haiM - yaha spaSTa jJAta hotA hai| vaise hI jIvAdi chaha dravya anAdikAla se paryAyApekSA paraspara meM mile hue haiM; phira bhI ve dravyApekSA paraspara ekadUsare se bhinna-bhinna hI haiM; kyoMki unakA svabhAva, svarUpa aura lakSaNa sarvathA bhinna-bhinna hai tathA bhinna-bhinna lakSaNavAle dravya ekarUpa kaise ho sakate haiM? 34 isa viSaya ko AcArya kundakunda ne paMcAstikAyasaMgraha kI 7vIM gAthA meM nimnaprakAra samajhAyA hai - aNNoNaM pavisaMtA, detA ogAsamaNNamaNNassa / melaMtA viya NiccaM, sagaM sabhAvaM Na vijahaMti // arthAt ve chaha dravya, eka-dUsare meM praveza karate haiM, paraspara avakAza dete haiM, kSIra- nIravat mila jAte haiM; tathApi sadA apane apane svabhAva ko nahIM chodd'te| 19. prazna Apane isake pahale vizva kI paribhASA samajhAte samaya bhUmikA meM hI 'isa vizva kA koI kartA-dhartA nahIM hai' - aisA saMketa to kiyA hai; tathApi yahA~ atyanta spaSTarUpa se samajhane ke lie hama pU~chate haiM ki isa vizva ko kisI ne utpanna kiyA hai yA nahIM? yadi kisI ne vizva ko utpanna kiyA hI nahIM to yaha AyA kahA~ se? aura yaha vizva kaba taka rahegA? kyoMki duniyA meM hama jo-jo vastu yA kArya dekhate haiM, vaha kisI na kisI ke dvArA banAyA huA hI jAnane meM (18) 35 vizva - vivecana AtA hai; isalie hameM yahI lagatA hai aura ja~catA bhI hai ki isa vizva ko utpanna karanevAlA koI na koI kartA honA hI caahie| uttara - isa vizva ko kisI ne banAyA yA utpanna nahIM kiyA; kyoMki isameM rahanevAle jIvAdi sabhI dravya, anAdi-ananta evaM svayaMsiddha haiM; isalie chaha dravyamaya yaha vizva bhI svataH siddha hai| vizva svataH siddha hai - isa ati mahattvapUrNa viSaya kA kathana zrI kArtikeyasvAmI ne apanI ekameva kRti kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM lokabhAvanA ke antargata nimna prakAra kiyA hai - " savvAyAsamaNaMtaM, tassa ya bahumajjhasaMThio loo / so keNa vi Neva kao, Na ya dhario hariharAdIhiM / arthAt AkAzadravya kA kSetra (pradeza) ananta hai, usake bahumadhyadeza (alokAkAza ke ThIka bIca ke asaMkhyAta pradeza) meM loka sthita hai, vaha kisI ke dvArA banAyA huA nahIM hai tathA kisI hari-harAdi ke dvArA dhAraNa (rakSA) kiyA bhI nahIM hai|" huA isa viSaya kA aura khulAsA karate hue hindI TIkAkAra paNDita zrI jayacandajI chAbar3A likhate haiM "anya matoM meM koI kahate haiM ki loka kI racanA brahmA karatA hai, nArAyaNa (viSNu), rakSA karatA hai, ziva, saMhAra (nAza) karatA hai tathA kachuA aura zeSanAga isako dhAraNa kiye hue haiN| jaba pralaya hotA hai, taba saba zUnya ho jAtA hai, brahma kI sattA mAtra raha jAtI hai punaH brahma kI sattA meM se sRSTi kI racanA hotI hai, ityAdi aneka kalpita bAteM kahate haiM; una sabakA niSedha isa gAthA se jAna lenA caahie| loka kisI ke dvArA banAyA huA nahIM hai, dhAraNa kiyA huA nahIM hai, kisI ke dvArA isakA nAza bhI nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki jaisA vastu kA yathArtha svarUpa hai, vaisA hI sarvajJa ne dekhA hai / "
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana loka ke sambandha meM zrI kArtikeyasvAmI aura bhI khulAsA karate haiM - "aNNoNNapaveseNa ya, davvANaM acchaNaM bhveloo| davvANaM Niccatto, loyassa vi muNaha nniccttN|| 116 / / arthAt jIvAdika dravyoM kI paraspara ekakSetrAvagAharUpa sthiti (milAparUpa avasthAna) ko loka kahate haiN| dravya haiM, ve nitya haiM ; isalie loka bhI nitya hai - aisA jAnanA caahie| isaprakAra chaha dravyoM ke samudAya ko loka kahate haiM / loka kA pratyeka dravya nitya hai; isalie loka bhI nitya hI hai|" sAmAnyajana meM prasiddha chahaDhAlA kI pA~cavIM DhAla meM bhI paNDita zrI daulatarAmajI ne lokAnuprekSA meM spaSTa zabdoM meM likhA hai - "kinahU na kasai, na dharai ko, SadravyamayI na harai ko| so lokamAhi bina samatA, dukha sahai jIva nita bhrmtaa|| arthAt isa loka ko kisI ne banAyA nahIM hai, kisI ne TikA nahIM rakhA hai, koI nAza nahIM kara sakatA aura yaha loka chaha dravyoM se paripUrNa hai - aise loka meM vItarAgI samatAbhAva ke binA yaha jIva sadaiva bhaTakatA huA duHkha sahana karatA rahatA hai|" zAstrAnusAra kathana to bahuta huA; tathApi yaha viSaya jaba taka hameM hRdaya se svIkAra nahIM hotA, taba taka kucha bhI kAryakArI nahIM hotA; isalie hama yahA~ tarka ke AdhAra se aura bhI vicAra karate haiM - mAna lo ki kisI bhagavAna yA Izvara yA allA ne isa vizAla vizva ko banAyA hai| yahA~ hama pU~chanA cAhate haiM ki vizva ko utpanna karanevAle usa bhagavAna ko kisane banAyA? Apa yaha bhI uttara de sakate haiM ki 'usa bhagavAna se bhI adhika jo balavAna bhagavAna hai, usane vizva ko utpanna karanevAle bhagavAna ko bnaayaa|" to punaH hamArA prazna hai ki 'usa adhika balavAna bhagavAna ko vizva-vivecana kisane utpanna kiyA?' isa taraha kA Apase hamArA prazna khar3A hI rahegA; isameM anavasthA nAma kA doSa bhI AtA hai, yaha bhI samajhanA caahie| phira Apako thakakara anta meM yahI uttara denA anivArya ho jAegA ki eka hI bhagavAna svayaMbhU hai| (usako kisI ne utpanna nahIM kiyA) apane Apa banA hai, akRtrima hai| aise prasaMga meM hama Apase kahate haiM ki yadi majabUrIvaza Apako eka jIva ko hI sahI AkhirakAra svayaMbhU mAnanA par3atA hai to jIvAdi chahoM dravyoM ko - sampUrNa vizva ko hI svayaMbhU kyoM nahIM mAnate? jisa viSaya ko ananta sarvajJa bhagavantoM ne apanI oMkArarUpa divyadhvani dvArA ananta bAra kahA hai| aura bhI eka tarka-jisa bhagavAna ne prArambha meM vizva kI racanA kI; usa bhagavAna ne kahA~ - kauna se sthAna para khar3e hokara athavA baiThakara vizva ko banAyA? usa sthAna kA nAma hama jAnanA cAhate haiN| uttara meM Apa kisI na kisI sthAna kA nAma batAoge hii| isakA artha yaha huA ki eka bhagavAna (arthAt jIvadravya) anAdi se hai - isakA artha jIvadravya, anAdi se siddha hotA hai| isIprakAra bhagavAna ne kisI na kisI sthAna para rahate hue loka ko banAyA - isakA artha hai ki vaha sthAna arthAt AkAzadravya bhI pahale se hai arthAt jIvadravya evaM AkAzadravya - ina do dravyoM kI anAdipane tathA akRtrimapane kI siddhi ho jAtI hai| lekina hamArA phira bhI prazna rahegA ki bhagavAna ne vizva kI racanA kaba kI? isakA uttara jo kucha bhI diyA jAe, usase kAladravya kI bhI anAyAsa siddhi to ho hI jAtI hai| yadi vizva-nirmAtA bhagavAna ne choTe-bar3e parvata, pahAr3iyA~ Adi banAe / nadI-nAle meM pAnI bhI bhagavAna ne hI utpanna kiyaa| manuSya, pazu Adi kA zarIra bhI to bhagavAna ne hI bnaae| sugandhita sundara-sundara (19)
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________________ 28 jinadharma-vivecana phUla, bagIce Adi bhI usane hI banAe to gande sthAna, kIcar3a Adi bhI to bhagavAna ne hI banAye haiM; kyoMki bhagavAna ke alAvA inheM kauna banAegA? saba kAma eka bhagavAna kA hI to hai| yahA~ yaha prazna svAbhAvika hai ki ina vastuoM kI nirmiti meM arthAta racanA ke lie mUla kaccA mAla bhagavAna ko kahA~ se milA? unhoMne kahA~ se ma~gavAyA? kisane diyA? Adi prazna khar3e hote haiN| uttara meM kisI vyakti kA nAma to batAyA nahIM jA sakatA; kyoMki vaha kahA~ se AyA? usako kisane utpanna kiyA? Adi aneka ApattiyA~/ prazna upasthita hote haiN| isalie aisA kahA jA sakatA hai ki 'nadI, pahAr3a, zarIra Adi ke lie kaccA mAla, sUkSma rIti se pahale se hI sarvatra thA athavA bhagavAna ke zarIra meM ve sarva atyanta-atyanta sUkSmarUpa meM vidyamAna the| unako bhagavAna ne hI cAhe jaisA rUpa apanI zakti se diyaa| isa kathana se acetana, rUpI, jar3a padArtha, jinheM jinadharma meM pudgaladravya kahA hai, ve padArtha bhI anAdi se hI siddha ho jAte haiN| parvata, nadI, bar3e-bar3e per3a ityAdi ke lie kaccA mAla idhara se udhara athavA udhara se idhara bhejanA-ma~gavAnA to par3A hI hogaa| isakA artha yaha bhI spaSTa hotA hai ki ina vastuoM kA AnA-jAnA athavA jAnA-AnA huA hogaa| isase dharmadravya evaM adharmadravyoM ke kArya (gati-sthiti) kI bhI siddhi hotI hai| ___ hA~, ina dravyoM ko nAma Apa dUsarA bhI de sakate haiN| hameM nAma se matalaba nahIM hai| hameM to kAma yA svarUpa se matalaba hai| hameM dravyoM kA anAdipanA tathA anantapanA apekSita hai| Apake prazna meM yaha vizva kaba taka rahegA?' yaha bhI pU~chA gayA hai| uttara spaSTa hai ki yaha vizva anantakAla paryaMta rhegaa| vizva kA kabhI nAza nahIM hogaa| jIvAdi chaha dravya anAdi-ananta haiM to chaha dravyoM vizva-vivecana ke samUharUpa yaha vizva bhI anAdi-ananta hI hai| jina dravyoM ke kAraNa se vizva banA hai, ve dravya naSTa nahIM hoMge to vizva ke nAza kA bhI koI kAraNa zeSa nahIM rahatA hai; isalie vizva anAdi to hai hI, niyama se anantakAla taka bhI banA hI rhegaa| aneka bAra ina dinoM vizva ke nAza kI carcA bhI samAcAra patroM meM par3hane ko milatI rahatI hai| vizva ke nAza ke viSaya ko lekara vaijJAnikoM ke naye-naye vicAra bhI sunane-samajhane ko milate haiN| yadi vAstavikatA ko dekhA jAe to jinadharma kA sAmAnya prAthamika jJAna bhI ho to vizva ke nAza hone yA na hone kI bAta sahaja aura spaSTarUpa se samajha meM A sakatI hai| vizva kahA~ se AyA? - isa prazna kA uttara itanA hI hai ki loka meM anAdi kAla se chaha dravya haiN| aloka meM mAtra AkAzadravya hai| ye sabhI apanI-apanI jagaha para hI the, haiM aura rheNge| aisI avasthA meM vizva kahA~ se AyA - yaha prazna hI upasthita nahIM hotA arthAt vizva jahA~ hai, sadA se vahIM hai| Aja se karIba 30 varSa pUrva vaijJAnika kahate the ki koI skAyalaiba giranevAlA hai aura usase jagata meM bahuta bar3A vinAzakArI kArya honevAlA hai - aisI carcA thI; tathApi vaha carcA mAtra carcA hI rahI, kucha vinAzakArI kArya nahIM huaa| vAstavikatA meM dekhA jAe to sarvajJa bhagavAna ke dvArA kathita tattva kA sAmAnya tathA prAthamika jJAna bhI isa jIva ko sukhadAtA siddha hotA hai; isalie jinadharma kA adhyayana karanA atyanta upayogI hai, itanA hI hama yahA~ batAnA cAhate haiN| duniyA meM jo-jo kArya hotA hai, use kisI anya vyakti ne banAyA hI hotA hai - yaha tarka yathArtha nahIM hai; kyoMki aisA pratyakSa dekhane meM nahIM AtA / udAharaNArtha - mora atyanta sundara hotA hai, jabaki moranI utanI sundara nahIM hotii| sAmAnyarUpa se nisarga-prakRti meM yaha jAnane ko milatA (20)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana hai ki puMvedI se strIvedI manuSya athavA tiryaMcanI, adhika sundara hotI hai; lekina mora aura moranI meM yaha ghaTita nahIM hotA; kyoMki ina donoM kA zarIra, kArya to hai; lekina unakA kartA koI vyakti yA bhagavAna nahIM hai / isI udAharaNa ke mAdhyama se Izvara ko kartA mAnanevAle yaha siddha karanA cAhate haiM ki yaha saba, Izvara kA kArya hai, dRSTibheda hai| lekina apanI alpa evaM sAmAnya buddhi se jo satya lagatA hai, use hI satya mAnanA yA use hI satya siddha karane kA prayAsa karanA, samajhadArI kA kAma nahIM hai| bhAgya se jinadharma ke mUla upadezadAtA sarvajJa bhagavAna haiM aura zAstra meM jo kathana haiM, ve sarvajJa bhagavAna ke upadezAnusAra haiM; isalie zAstra ke upadeza kA upayoga hameM karanA caahie| 40 kabhI-kabhI koI phala athavA vanaspati kisI devatA ke samAna dekhane ko milatI hai, isakA artha use bhagavAna ne banAyA hai aisA vicAra karanA ucita nahIM hai / hameM jo ThIka ja~catA hai, use satya mAnanA yaha pravRtti sarvatra galata to nahIM hai; tathApi isake pIche manana-cintana avazya cAhie tathA samajhadAra logoM kA vicAra bhI sunanA evaM samajhanA caahie| apane vicAra ko tarka kI kasauTI para bhI kasane kA prAmANika prayAsa karanA Avazyaka hai| 20. prazna - jinadharma ko chor3akara duniyA meM aura koI dharma, Izvara ko akartA mAnanevAlA hai kyA? athavA kyA eka jinadharma hI hai? uttara - jinadharma ko chor3akara anya aneka dharma / darzana bhI bhagavAna - Izvara ko kartA-dhartA nahIM maante| bauddhadharma ko IzvarakartAvAda mAnya nahIM hai| isItaraha sAMkhya mata (vaidika dharma kA eka bheda) evaM cArvAka mata bhI jagat kA kartA-dhartA kisI Izvara ko nahIM mAnatA / Aja kA bhautika vijJAna bhI aise kisI Izvara kI sattA se inkAra karatA hai| isaprakAra yaha vizva anAdi-ananta hone se isa vizva ke nAza kA - (21) vizva - vivecana 41 bhaya miTa jAtA hai aura isa jagat kA kartA-dhartA Izvara hai - yaha bhrAnti bhI nikala jAtI hai| 21. prazna - vizva ko jAnane se kyA aura bhI lAbha hote haiM? uttara - hA~ ! hA~ ! vizva ko jAnane se aura bhI aneka lAbha hote haiM; unako yahA~ krama se dekhate haiM - (1) jo vItarAgI, sarvajJa aura hitopadezI hote haiM, ve hI sacce deva (Apta ) haiM aisA pakkA nirNaya hotA hai| AcArya samantabhadra ne karIba 1800 varSa pUrva devAgama stotra (AptamImAMsA) kI racanA meM sacce deva kA svarUpa spaSTa kiyA hai| isa stotra meM 114 zloka haiM / ina saba zlokoM kA artha denA yahA~ sambhava nahIM hai evaM ucita bhI nahIM hai; isalie atyanta mahattvapUrNa cAra zloka arthasahita de rahe haiM; unameM se stotra kA prathama zloka - devAgama nabhoyAna - cAmarAdi vibhUtayaH / mAyAviSvapi dRSyante, nAtastvamasi no mahAn // arthAt he bhagavan! Apa hamArI dRSTi meM mAtra isalie mahAna nahIM ho ki Apake darzanArtha devagaNa Ate haiM, ApakA gamana AkAza meM hotA hai| aura Apa chatra-ca~vara Adi vibhUtiyoM se vibhUSita ho; kyoMki ye saba vizeSatAe~ to mAyAviyoM meM bhI dekhI jAtI haiM / doSAvaraNayorhAni-rniH zeSA'styatizAyanAt / kvacidyathA - svahetubhyo, - bahirantarmalakSayaH // 4 // arthAt he bhagavan! ApakI mahAnatA to vItarAgatA aura sarvajJatA ke kAraNa hI hai tathA vItarAgatA aura sarvajJatA asambhava nahIM hai| moha-rAgadveSAdi doSa aura jJAnAvaraNAdi AvaraNoM kA sampUrNa abhAva sambhava hai; kyoMki inakI kramazaH hAni hotI dekhI jAtI hai| jisa prakAra loka meM azuddha kanaka - pASANAdi meM svahetuoM se arthAt agni- tApAdi se antarbAhya mala kA abhAva hokara svarNa kI zuddhatA dekhI jAtI hai, usI prakAra
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana zuddhopayogarUpa dhyAnAgni ke tApa se kisI AtmA ke doSAvaraNa kI sampUrNa hAni hokara vItarAgatA aura sarvajJatA pragaTa honA sambhava hai| sUkSmAntaritadUrArthAH pratyakSAH kasyacidyathA / anumeyatvato'gnyAdi riti sarvajJasaMsthitiH // 5 // arthAt he bhagavan! paramANu Adi sUkSma, rAma-rAvaNa Adi antara evaM meru Adi dUravartI padArtha kisI ke pratyakSa haiM; kyoMki ve anumAna se jAne jAte haiN| jo-jo anumAna se jAne jAte haiM, ve ve kisI ke pratyakSa bhI hote haiN| jaise, dUrastha agni kA hama dhUma dekhakara anumAna kara lete haiM. to koI use pratyakSa bhI jAna sakatA hai, jAnatA hI hai; usIprakAra sUkSma, antarita aura dUravartI padArthoM ko hama anumAna se jAnate haiM to koI unheM pratyakSa bhI jAna sakatA hai, jAnatA hI hai| isaprakAra sAmAnya se sarvajJa kI sattA siddha hotI hai| 42 sa tvamevAsi nirdoSo, yuktizAstrA'virodhivAk / avirodho yadiSTaM te, prasiddhena na bAdhyate // 6 // arthAt he bhagavan! ukta vItarAgI aura sarvajJa Apa hI ho; kyoMki ApakI vANI, yukti aura zAstroM se avirodhI hai| jo kucha bhI Apane kahA hai, vaha pratyakSAdi prasiddha pramANoM se bAdhita nahIM hotA hai; ataH ApakI vANI avirodhI kahI gaI hai| jijJAsuoM ko ukta grantha kA pUrNa adhyayana karanA cAhie / isI taraha AcArya vidyAnandi ne karIba 800 varSa pUrva isa bhAratabhUmi ko pavitra kiyA thaa| unhoMne bhI AptaparIkSA nAmaka parIkSApradhAnI eka grantha likhA hai, usameM bhI sacce deva kI hI parIkSA kI hai| dharma ke AdhAra stambha svarUpa deva zAstra-guru kI parIkSA karake hI unakA svIkAra karanA cAhie yaha jinadharma kI rIti hai| (2) bhagavAna ke prati saccI bhakti pragaTa hotI hai| samAja meM yaha aksara dekhA jAtA hai ki bhagavAna hamArA burA na kare (22) vizva - vivecana 43 aura acchA kare; isI bhAvanA se bhaya evaM lobhavaza bhagavAna kI bhakti kI jAtI hai, jo kisI bhI prakAra se yogya nahIM hai / jaise, do mitroM yA riztedAroM meM paraspara apanepana kA vyavahAra ho / do meM se koI eka dhanavAna aura dUsarA nirdhana ho / sAdhAraNatayA nirdhana vyakti, dhanavAna se atyanta vinayasahita vyavahAra karatA hai, usake mana meM dhanavAna se kisI vizeSa prasaMga para vizeSa dhana prApta hone kI tIvra abhilASA banI rahatI hai| kabhI-kabhI dhanavAna mitra ko isa nirdhana vyakti ke mAnasa kA kucha patA bhI nahIM hotA; lekina nirdhana manuSya, dhanavAna ke sAtha viziSTa Arthika lAbha kI apekSA se hI saba vyavahAra karatA hai| aba hama isa prasaMga meM yaha socate haiM ki nirdhana vyakti ke vyavahAra ke pIche mAtra dhanalAbha kA hI kaise abhiprAya banA rahatA hai? vaha dhanavAna ko namaskAra karegA to bhI dhanalAbha kI apekSA / kucha zArIrika kaSTa sahana karake bhI dhanavAna kA kAma karegA to bhI dhanalAbha kA bhaav| jaba-jaba nirdhana manuSya, dhanavAna ko dekhegA, jAnegA, usase bolegA, usakA sAtha karegA; usa pratyeka samaya meM nirdhana ke mana meM dhanaprApti kI hI abhilASA kA bhAva dhArAvAhI rUpa se banA rahatA hai| usI taraha jo manuSya, Izvara ko jagat kA tathA anya jIvoM ke acche-bure kA kartA mAnegA to usake mana meM Izvara ke mAdhyama se apanA laukika kArya siddha karavAne kA bhAva rahegA hI, aksara rahatA hI hai| vaha bhagavAna ko namaskAra karatA hai to bhI vAstavika meM vaha dhana ko arthAt apane svArtha / matabala ko hI namaskAra karatA hai| aisI avasthA meM vaha bhagavAna kI bhakti karate samaya bhI bhagavAna kI bhakti kahA~ kara rahA hai? vaha to apane svArtha / matalaba se hI jur3A huA hai, yaha viSaya atyanta spaSTa hai| zAstra meM 'guNeSu anurAgaH bhaktiH' - aisI bhakti kI paribhASA milatI hai, parantu ajJAnI ko na guNoM kA patA hai aura na guNoM ke anurAga kI sudha
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana hai; isalie use to bhagavAna kI saccI bhakti ho hI nahIM sktii| jJAnI arthAt samyagdRSTi hone para hI saccI bhakti hotI hai| aisA jAnanA caahie| jaba taka bhagavAna kA saccA svarUpa samajha meM nahIM AegA, taba taka aisA hI calatA rahegA, isalie bhagavAna kA saccA svarUpa samajha meM Ane para bhagavAna ke sambandha meM saccI bhakti pragaTa hue binA nahIM rahatI; kyoMki sabhI galata pravRttiyoM kA abhAva ekamAtra jJAna se hI hotA hai| ataH satya kA svarUpa samajhanA hI ekamAtra upAya/sAdhana hai| (3) dharma arthAt vItarAgatA, zuddhi evaM ratnatraya pragaTa karane kA yathArtha puruSArtha kyA hai? - yaha samajha meM A jAtA hai| Aja taka mana meM yaha bhrAnti thI ki bhagavAna ko prasanna karane para bhagavAna merA kAma kara dete haiM - aisA cintana mukhya hone ke kAraNa dharma kA upAya karane meM bhagavAna ke bharose rahane kI bhAvanA nihita rahatI thI; lekina jaba se yaha samajha meM AyA ki - "kisI kA acchA-burA karanevAlA koI bhagavAna nahIM hai| bhagavAna to vItarAgI (unake jIvana meM kisI ke sambandha meM na prema-rAga hai aura na dveSa) haiM aura sarvajJa to haiM hI; isalie aba mere saba kAma merI jimmedArI para hI haiM; ataH aba dharma karane ke lie maiM pUrNa svatantra huuN|" - isa paripakva nirNaya ke kAraNa jIvana kI dizA hI badala jAtI hai| jIvana kI dizA badala jAne ke kAraNa aba duHkhamaya saMsAradazA meM rakhar3ate nahIM rahanA hai, sukharUpa mokSamArga meM agrasara hote hue mokSa kI prApti karanA hai - ye saba kArya maiM jaise karU~gA, jo karU~gA, vahI hogA - aisA jJAna bhI zAstrAdhAra se ho jAtA hai| __aba isa jJAna ke AdhAra se arthAt jJAna ke hI bala se zraddhA kI viparItatA ko haTAne kA arthAt samyaktva-prApti kA anupama kArya karanA cAhie / manuSya jIvana meM karane lAyaka vAstavika yahI ekamAtra kArya hai| samyaktva hI dharma kA mUla hai| yathArtha tattvajJAna kA svIkAra kiye binA vizva-vivecana samyaktva nahIM hotA; isIlie samyaktva kI prApti ke Avazyaka kAraNoM meM dezanAlabdhi arthAt tattvajJAna kI prApti ko sammilita kiyA gayA hai| (4) laukika evaM pAralaukika jIvana meM parAvalambana kA nAza hokara, svAvalambana pragaTa hotA hai| aba, jahA~ bhagavAna ke avalambana kI bAta bhI chUTa gaI arthAt eka dRSTi se sarvazreSTha mAne jAnevAle bhagavAna bhI hamAre svayaM ke puruSArtha binA kucha kAryakArI nahIM hai - aisA nirNaya hone para aba, anya kisakI apekSA rakhanA? isa kAraNa svayaM hI puruSArtha/prayatna karane kA ekamAtra mArga zeSa raha jAtA hai - aisI jAgRti jIvana meM pragaTa hotI hai| isake udAharaNa ananta siddha bhagavAna haiN| kyA kisI jIva ko siddha bhagavAna banane ke lie anya kisI jIva ne kabhI madada kI hai? jo-jo siddha bhagavAna bane haiM, ve saba apane svayaM ke puruSArtha se hI bane haiN| jo duHkhamaya saMsAra meM bhaTaka rahe haiM, ve apane hI aparAdha se athavA puruSArtha kI hInatA se saMsAra meM rakhar3a rahe haiN| ___ isa vartamAna kAla ke Adi tIrthaMkara bhagavAna AdinAtha/vRSabhanAtha jinendra ne bhI rizte meM svayaM kA potA aura bhagavAna mahAvIra ke jIva, mArIci ko kahA~ sahayoga diyA thA? jaba mArIci ke jIva ne svayaM apanA AtmoddhAra zurU kiyA, taba unakI kisane madada kI thI? yahA~ koI kaha sakatA hai ki cAraNaRddhidhArI munirAja ne zera ke bhava meM mahAvIra ke jIva ko upadeza to diyA thA na? ___ isakA uttara bhI spaSTa hai - upadezarUpa upakAra to tIrthaMkara zrI AdinAtha bhagavAna ne bhI kiyA thaa| lekina AtmotthAna kA kArya kahA~ huA? huA hI nahIM / jaba jIva svayaM puruSArtha karatA hai, taba hI tadanusAra kArya hotA hai| usI samaya jo anya anukUla upadeza Adi hotA hai, use hI nimitta kahate haiN| isaprakAra ke hajAroM dRSTAnta zAstra meM par3hane ko hameM mila jAte haiN| (23)
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________________ 46 jinadharma-vivecana ___ isa ghora vipattimaya saMsAra meM aneka jIvoM ne svataH puNyarUpa kArya se (dravyaliMgI munirAja banakara) navaveM graiveyakaparyanta laukika jIvana kA to uddhAra kara liyA; tathApi phira se bhaTakate-bhaTakate punaH nigoda avasthA ko prApta kiyaa| are! nigodarUpa nikRSTa kArya ke lie bhI koI dUsarA sahakArI nahIM aura siddhAvasthA ke utkRSTa kArya meM bhI koI madadagAra nahIM - aisA hI jagata kA vAstavika svarUpa hai| (5) saccI samajha hote hI bhagavAna ke sambandha meM nirantara parezAna karanevAlA vyartha kA bhaya bhI naSTa ho jAtA hai| paryaTana ke nimitta se bhArata ke aneka pradezoM meM hamArA aneka bAra jAnA hotA hai, vahA~ hameM jo dekhane ko milatA hai, usake kucha udAharaNa nimnaprakAra haiM - 1. koI bhagavAna to bhaktoM ko AzIrvAda dete hue dekhane ko milate haiN| 2. koI bhagavAna, zastroM dvArA duSToM ko DarAte hue milate haiN| 3. kahIM-kahIM bhakta loga sevA kara rahe haiM aura bhagavAna so rahe haiM - aise darzana bhI hote haiN| 4. aneka sthAna para, bhakta bhagavAna se atyanta bhayabhIta dikhAI dete haiN| 5. aneka sthAna para bhakta ro rahA hai aura bhagavAna DA~Ta rahe haiM - aisA dikhAI detA / 6. kahIM-kahIM bhakta kSamA mA~ga rahA hai aura bhagavAna kSamA karane ke lie rAjI nahIM haiN| tathA anta meM kSamA mA~gate-mA~gate bhakta mara jAtA hai; lekina bhagavAna use kSamA nahIM karate haiN| 7. hama dekhate haiM ki- koI bhagavAna apanI priya patnI ke sAtha rahate haiN| 8. koI bhagavAna apane parivAra evaM bhaktoM ke sAtha bhI virAjate haiN| 9. koI bhagavAna saMkaTa avasthA meM najara Ate haiN| ___ isI taraha hameM duniyA meM vividha prakAra ke bhagavAna dekhane ko milate haiM, lekina jinendra bhagavAna kA svarUpa duniyA se ekadama bhinnasvarUpa tathA sarvatra ekarUpa dekhane-jAnane ko milatA hai - vizva-vivecana 1. jinendra bhagavAna na kisI kI ora dekhate haiM, na kisI se bAta karate haiN| 2. unake AsapAsa, jinako ve apanA mAnate haiM - aisA na koI bhakta hai tathA jinako ve apanA zatru mAnate haiM - aisA na koI bairI hai| 3. jinendra bhagavAna kI A~kheM, na khulI haiM, na banda haiM, unakI to nAsAgradRSTi hai| 4. anya vastu kI to bAta hI chor3o, zarIra para vastra kA Tukar3A bhI nahIM hai, dhAgA bhI nahIM hai| 5. jinendra bhagavAna ne apane donoM hAthoM ko laTakA diyA hai; kyoMki unako hAthoM se karane yogya koI kArya hI nahIM rahA hai| 6. padmAsana mudrA meM ve hAtha para hAtha rakhakara baiThe hue haiN| mAnoM hameM samajhA rahe haiM - maiM to kisI kA kucha acchA-burA karatA hI nhiiN| vAstava meM jagat meM koI bhI jIva, kisI anya dravya kA kucha bhI nahIM krtaa| 22. prazna - itanA vistAra se kahakara Apa hameM batAnA kyA cAhate ho? uttara - are! hamane to lokamAnya aneka prakAra ke bhagavAna ke svarUpa kA mAtra jJAna karAyA hai| 23. prazna - Apake abhiprAya meM aura bhI kucha bAteM chipI huI haiM - aisA hameM lagatA hai| Apa apanI bAta spaSTa kyoM nahIM karate? uttara - isameM chipAne jaisI kyA bAta hai? jo jaisA honA cAhatA hai, jise jisa avasthA meM sukhI hone kA vizvAsa hai, vaha use hI apanA bhagavAna mAnatA hai, usake jaisA hone kA prayAsa karatA hai| adhika vistAra kI kucha AvazyakatA hI nahIM hai| dekho, jaba taka vItarAgI bhagavAna kA yathArtha jJAna nahIM hotA, taba taka bhagavAna se vyartha kA bhaya hotA hai| lekina aba vyartha ke bhaya kA kucha kAma nahIM hai| bhagavAna-sambandhI satya kA jJAna hone se nirbhayatA pragaTa ho jAtI hai| aba, ApakA bhI yathArtha puruSArtha prArambha ho jaaegaa| (6) bhagavAna se bhogoM kI bhIkha mA~gane kI bhikhArI-vRtti kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| (24)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana bhIkha mA~gane ke viSaya ko lekara jaina samAja kI eka camatkArika tathA anukaraNIya vRtti, jo sahajarUpa se samajha meM AtI hai, use batAne ke lobha ko maiM roka nahIM pA rahA hU~; batA hI detA huuN| tattvapracAra ke nimitta se samAja ke nimantraNAnusAra aneka prAntoM (mahArASTra, karnATaka, madhyapradeza, rAjasthAna Adi) meM merA jAnA hotA hai| kabhI bar3e-bar3e nagaroM meM, kabhI kasboM meM aura kabhI-kabhI gA~voM meM bhI jAnA hotA hai| lekina mujhe kahIM bhI jaina samAja kA koI vyakti, ghara-ghara jAkara bhIkha mA~gate hue apanA jIvana bitAte hue dekhane-jAnane ko nahIM milaa| isakA mujhe Azcarya hotA hai aura jaina samAja kI yaha vIra vRtti mujhe acchI bhI lagatI hai| dUsarI ora eka khedajanaka dRzya spaSTa dekhane ko avazya milatA hai, vaha yaha ki kisI gA~va kA mandira ho, siddhakSetra ho, mahAvIrajI yA padmapurA athavA tijArA jaise atizaya kSetra hoM to kyA pUchanA? vahA~ bhagavAna se bhIkha mA~ganevAloM kI bhIr3a dekhate hue hRdaya ko mahApIr3A hotI hai| isa bhikhArI vRtti ko kisI vidvAn yA tyAgI dvArA protsAhita karate hue dekhakara to mahAna pIr3A hotI hai| lagatA hai jala meM hI Aga lagI hai| ____ mahAvIrajI kSetra para santAnahIna loga jAte haiM aura putraprApti kI kAmanA karate haiM - aise samaya meM vicAra AtA hai ki yaha kaisI viDambanA? jisane zAdI hI nahIM kI, usase putra prApta hone kA prazna hI nhiiN| una bAlabrahmacArI mahAvIra bhagavAna se ajJAnIjana putra-prApti kI icchA rakhate haiM, isase adhika ajJAna kA aura kyA pradarzana ho sakatA hai? jo sampUrNarUpa se aparigrahI munirAja kI avasthA ko prApta karake, pUrNa vItarAgI jinendra banakara, vartamAna meM siddhAvasthA meM virAjamAna hokara ananta evaM avyAbAdha sukha kA Ananda le rahe haiM; unase dhanAdi parigraha kI bhAvanA rakhanA bhI ajJAnatA kI gahana mahimA hI mAnanA caahie| puNyapariNAma se puNyakarma kA bandha hotA hai aura puNyakarma kA udaya Ane para saMsAra meM anukUla padArthoM kA saMyoga binA mA~ge hI vizva-vivecana milatA hai; itanA ati sAmAnya jJAna to nAmadhArI jaina ko bhI honA hI caahie| isa jagat meM merA athavA kisI kA bhI acchA-burA karanevAlA koI bhagavAna hai hI nahIM - aisI samajha pratyeka jaina ko honA hI caahie| yadi itanA jJAna bhI nahIM hai to use jaina kulotpanna bhI kaise mAnA jAe? lekina kareM kyA? ___ yadi pUrvajanma ke viziSTa puNya kA udaya na ho to kisI-kisI ko jainadharma kA yaha ati prAthamika jJAna bhI nahIM rahatA; isalie jinadharma ke prAthamika saMskAroM kI prApti honA bhI ati mahattvapUrNa hai - aisA samajhanA caahie| are! bhogoM kI bhIkha meM ajJAnI jIva paMcendriyoM ke viSayoM ko hI cAhatA hai| lekina indriyoM ke sparzAdi viSaya jIva ko kabhI sukha nahIM de sakate / sukha to nirAkulatA arthAt vItarAgatA meM hI hai - aisA zraddhAna bhI jinavANI ke zravaNa se hI hotA hai| (7) jinendrakathita dharma kI zraddhA dRr3ha hotI hai aura dharmAbhAsoM kA bahumAna Dhaha jAtA hai| rela se yAtrA karate samaya rela meM, relave sTezana para athavA basa aDDe para bhI bhIkha mA~ganevAloM kI kucha kamI nahIM hotI hai| ve bhikhArI bhI hameM yadA-kadA samajhAte rahate haiM - 'dharma karo bhAI!, dharma kro| Apa mujhe eka hAtha se dAna/paisA doge to bhagavAna Apako sau hAthoM se degaa|' dekho! bhikhArI bhI yaha batAnA cAhatA hai ki mujhe Apa madada karoge to dharma hogaa| isakA artha yaha huA ki bhIkha denA dharma hai| ___ koI bImAra AdamI hai, usake pAsa auSadhopacAra ke lie Avazyaka dhanarAzi nahIM hai| vaha dhanavAna ko dhana dekara dharma karane ke lie nivedana karatA hai| (25)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana viziSTa korsa karanevAlA vidyArthI dhanavAnoM se kahatA hai ki mujhe par3hane ke lie paisA do to dharma hogaa| paropakAra meM saMlagna aisI saMsthA calAnevAle saMsthA saMcAlaka kahate haiM ki hamArI saMsthA ko Apa madada karoge to Apako dharma hogaa| aisI paristhiti meM dAna ke nAma para mAtra Arthika madada karanA hI dharma hai - aisA saba loga hameM samajhAte haiN| hameM vicAra yaha karanA hai ki vAstavika dharma kyA hai? kyA saMkaTagrasta vyakti ko madada karanA hI dharma hai? yadi yahI dharma hai to vItarAgI, sarvajJa evaM hitopadezI jinendra bhagavantoM ne bhI isI ko dharma kahA hai kyA? kyA ve bhI aisA hI dharma karate rahate haiM? yadi nahIM to kyoM nahIM? aura kyA isItaraha kA dharma karate-karate hI siddha bhagavAna bananA, mukta honA, mokSa jAnA sambhava hai? lekina maiM yaha jora dekara kahanA cAhatA hU~ ki jisa manuSya ko dharma kI alpa bhI samajha ho, vaha yaha samajhatA hogA ki paropakAra kitanA bhI karate raho, usase sadAkAla ke lie pUrNa sukhI honA sambhava nahIM hai arthAt arahanta-siddha athavA jinendra honA sambhava nahIM hai / paNDita zrI bhAgacandajI ne bhI bhajana meM kahA hai 50 pariNati saba jIvana kI tIna bhA~ti vrnii| eka pApa, eka puNya, eka rAga haranI // arthAt jIva ke pariNAma tIna prakAra ke hote haiM - 1. azubharAga 2. zubharAga 3. rAgaharaNI arthAt vItarAga pariNAma / vItarAgatA dharma hai, puNyapApa to karma hai; yaha jinadharma kA marma hai| eka dohA Apa sabhI ne bhI sunA hI hogA - dharma dharma saba koI kahe, dharma na jAne koya | dharma-marma jAne binA, dharma kahA~ se hoya // isa kAraNa vizva ko jAnane se jinendrakathita dharma kI zraddhA vizeSa dRr3ha hotI hai| (26) vizva - vivecana (8) apanA alpa (mati zruta) jJAna bhI kevalajJAna ke samAna vastu ke satyasvarUpa ko jAnane lagatA hai| 24. prazna jinAgama kA adhyayana karanevAle sabhI loga vizva, loka, aloka, chaha dravya, sAta tattva, sumeru parvata, akRtrima jinamandirajinabimba, svarga-naraka, karma, paramANu Adi sUkSma, antarita aura dUravartI padArtha ko jAnate haiM aisA sAmAnya jJAna to sAmAnya pAThakoM ko bhI hotA hai, usakA kyA kAraNa hai? usakA ekameva uttara yahI hai ki jinendra bhagavantoM ne parama satya vastusvarUpa ko apane kevalajJAna se pratyakSa jAna liyA hai| kevalajJAnI ne jo jAnA hai, use unakI vANI ke AdhAra para AcAryoM ne zAstra meM yathArtharUpa se lipibaddha kiyA hai| AcAryoM dvArA akSarabaddha / lipibaddha kiye hue viSaya ko sAmAnya buddhidhAraka jIvoM ne zAstra par3hakara hI jAna liyA hai| isI kAraNa kevalajJAnagamya aneka vastuoM ko alpajJa loga bhI mAno pratyakSavat hI jAnate haiM; kevalajJAnagamya vastu kA jJAna aura zrutajJAnagamya vastu kA jJAna; isameM mAtra pratyakSa aura parokSa kA hI antara hai| isa viSaya ko paNDita ToDaramalajI ne atyanta vizadarUpa se rahasyapUrNa ciTThI meM vyakta kiyA hai - "cauthe guNasthAna meM AtmA ke jJAnAdi guNa ekadeza pragaTa hote haiM aura terahaveM guNasthAna meM AtmA ke jJAnAdi guNa sarvathA pragaTa hote haiM / tathA jaise, dRSTAntoM kI eka jAti hai, vaise hI jitane guNa avratI - samyagdRSTi ke pragaTa hote haiM, unakI aura terahaveM guNasthAna meM jo guNa pragaTa hote haiM, unakI eka jAti hai| 25. vahA~ tumane prazna likhA ki eka jAti hai to jisaprakAra kevalI sarva jJeyoM ko pratyakSa jAnate haiM, usIprakAra cauthe guNasthAnavAlA bhI AtmA ko pratyakSa jAnatA hogA?
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana uttara- bhAIjI, pratyakSatA kI apekSA eka jAti nahIM hai, samyagjJAna kI apekSA eka jAti hai| cauthe guNasthAnavAle ko mati zrutarUpa samyagjJAna hai aura terahaveM guNasthAna vAle ko kevalarUpa samyagjJAna hai| tathA ekadeza- sarvadeza kA antara to itanA hI hai ki mati - zrutajJAna vAlA amUrtika vastu ko apratyakSa aura mUrtika vastu ko bhI pratyakSa va apratyakSa, kiMcit anukrama se jAnatA hai tathA sarvathA sarva vastu ko kevalajJAna yugapat jAnatA hai; vaha parokSa jAnatA hai, yaha pratyakSa jAnatA hai; itanA hI vizeSa hai| aura sarvaprakAra eka hI jAti kaheM to jisaprakAra kevalI yugapat pratyakSa aprayojanarUpa jJeya ko nirvikalparUpa jAnate haiM, usIprakAra yaha bhI jAne - aisA to hai nahIM; isalie pratyakSa-parokSa kA vizeSa jAnanA / aSTasahasrI meM kahA hai - syAdvAda ke valajJAne sarvatattvaprakAzane / bhedaH sAkSAdasAkSAcca, hyavastvanyatamaM bhavet // 52 (aSTasahastrI, dazamapariccheda, 105) arthAt syAdvAda arthAt zrutajJAna aura kevalajJAna- yaha donoM sarva tattvoM kA prakAzana karanevAle haiN| vizeSa itanA hI hai ki kevalajJAna pratyakSa hai, zrutajJAna parokSa hai, parantu vastu hai so aura nahIM hai / " 26. prazna - rahasyapUrNa ciTThI meM to samyagdRSTi ke jJAna ke sAtha kevalajJAna kI tulanA karake batAyA hai| yahA~ Apa to sAmAnyajanoM ke alpajJAna ke sAtha usakI tulanA kara rahe ho; phira donoM kA sumela kaise hove ? uttara - yadyapi samyagdRSTi ke jJAna ko to AtmAnubhava kA AdhAra hai| aura sAmAnyajana ke jJAna ko AtmAnubhava kA AdhAra to nahIM hai; tathApi sAmAnyajana ke jJAna ko bhI zAstra kA to AdhAra hai hii| paNDita banArasIdAsa ke jIvana kI eka ghaTanA, yahA~ ati upayogI hone se hama use apane zabdoM meM de rahe haiM - (27) vizva - vivecana 53 paNDita banArasIdAsajI ne apane jIvana meM aneka zAstroM kI racanA kI hai, lekina unheM samyaktva, zAstra likhe jAne ke bAda huA / samyagdarzana, prApti ke bAda unheM eka vikalpa huA 'samyagdarzana hone ke pahale maiMne jo jinavANI kI racanA kI hai, usameM kadAcit zAstra se viruddha kucha viSaya ho to use nikAlanA Avazyaka hai|' isa vicAra se paNDitajI ne apanA sarva sAhitya sUkSmatA se pddh'aa| par3hane ke bAda unheM nirNaya huA ki 'mujhase likhita zAstra meM tattva ke viruddha kucha bhI nahIM hai|' isakA artha yaha hai i samyaktva na bhI huA ho; tathApi zAstrAnusAra jo likhA jAtA hai athava bolA/kahA jAtA hai, vaha bhI pramANa arthAt satya hI rahatA hai| isaprakAra hameM yaha samajhanA Avazyaka hai ki sAmAnya pAThaka kA zAstrAnusAra jo jAnanA hotA hai, vaha jAnanA bhI yadyapi kevalajJAnI se jJAta viSaya ke samAna pramANa arthAt satya hotA hai; tathApi use samyagjJAna nahIM khte| (9) isa vizAla vizva meM maiM jIvadravya kahA~ rahatA hU~ tathA pud galAdi anya dravya bhI kahA~ rahate haiM? isakA patA laga jAtA hai| tIna lokarUpa isa jagat meM ananta jIva haiN| unameM se maiM bhI eka svatantra jIvadravya huuN| merA nivAsa isa loka meM hai| loka se bAhara ananta alokAkAza sarva dizAoM meM hai; tathApi vahA~ merA na nivAsa hai aura na kabhI vahA~ jAnA sambhava hai| jaise, kisI manuSya ko apane sambandhI yA mitra ko patra likhanA ho to jise patra likhanA hai, usake pUre pate kA jJAna honA Avazyaka hai / pate meM usakA nAma, gA~va, ghara kA nambara, mohallA, tahasIla, jilA, prAnta, pinakoDa Adi kA jJAna Avazyaka hotA hai; vaise hI jIvAdi dravyoM ko jAnanA ho to hameM unake rahane ke sthAna kA patA jAnanA Avazyaka hai| jIvAdi anantAnanta dravya alokAkAza meM nahIM rahate, mAtra lokAkAza meM
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana vizva-vivecana hI rahate haiN| mAtra AkAzadravya hI aisA hai, jo loka aura loka ke bAhara meM bhI rahatA hai; aisA nizcita jJAna ho jAtA hai| 27. yahA~ koI prazna karegA - loka se bAhara ananta AkAza hai to vahA~ jIva-pudgalAdi pA~ca dravya kyoM nahIM jAte? unake jAne meM kyA bAdhA hai? kama se kama jIva ko to jAnA hI cAhie; kyoMki vaha saba jAnatA hai| uttara - AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra ke dasaveM adhyAya ke 8veM sUtra meM isakA uttara nimna prakAra diyA hai - dhrmaastikaayaabhaavaat| arthAt dharmAstikAya kA abhAva hone se mukta jIva, lokAnta se aura Upara nahIM jaate| isa sUtra kI TIkA meM AcArya pUjyapAda sarvArthasiddhi grantha meM khulAsA karate haiM - 'gati ke upakAra kA kAraNabhUta dharmAstikAya lokAnta ke Upara nahIM hai, isalie mukta jIva kA aloka meM gamana nahIM hotaa| aura yadi Age dharmAstikAya kA abhAva hone para bhI aloka meM jIva kA gamana mAnA jAtA hai to lokAloka ke vibhAga kA abhAva prApta hotA hai|' 28. prazna - dharmadravya na hone se jIva kA alokAkAza meM gamana nahIM huA, isa kAraNa adharmadravya ne mukta jIva ke gamana ko roka diyA; isase eka dravya, dUsare dravya ke kArya meM bAdhA DAla sakatA hai; yaha viSaya siddha hotA hai, taba phira pratyeka dravya svatantra hai - yaha siddhAnta kahA~ rahA? uttara - adharmadravya acetana arthAt jar3a hai, vaha na apane ko jAnatA hai aura na anya jIvAdi ko jAnatA hai- aisA adharmadravya caitanyasvarUpa, ananta vIryavAna evaM ananta-avyAbAdha sukha ko bhoganevAle, sarvottama siddha bhagavAna kI gati ko kaise roka sakegA? arthAt vaha siddha bhagavAna ko roka nahIM sktaa| dUsarA yaha bhI mahattvapUrNa viSaya hai ki jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma aura kAla - ye pA~ca dravya loka meM hI rahate haiM, ye pA~coM dravya loka ke hI haiM arthAt lokAkAza meM rahane kI pAtratA/yogyatAvAle haiM arthAt loka meM hI rahanA, unakA anAdi-ananta svabhAva hai| ye dravya, apane svabhAva ke viruddha kaise kArya kareMge? isaprakAra inakA gamana, sthiti athavA avasthAna alokAkAza meM hotA hI nahIM - yaha vAstavika vastusthiti hai; tathApi vyavahAra (upacAra) se zAstra meM anya kathana bhI hotA hai| dravya, guNa evaM paryAya kI svatantratA kA viSaya Age AegA, vahA~ se jAna lenaa| (10) vizva ko jAnane se aura bhI adhika lAbha batAne kA bhAva ho rahA hai| isake samarthana meM hameM AcArya mANikyanandi kRta parIkSAmukha grantha kA samarthana prApta ho gayA hai| parIkSAmukha ke paMcama pariccheda kA pahalA sUtra tathA usakI TIkA isaprakAra hai ta ajJAnanivRttihAnopAdAnopekSAzca phlm||1|| arthAt ajJAna kI nivRtti, hAna, upAdAna aura upekSA - ye pramANa ke phala haiN| phala do prakAra kA hotA hai hna 1. sAkSAt aura 2. paramparA / vastu ko jAnane ke sAtha hI tatkAla milanevAlA sAkSAt phala hotA hai| pahale kisI pramANa se na jAnI huI vastu ko jaba hama jAnate haiM, taba tatkAla hI usa viSaya-sambandhI ajJAna dUra hotA hai; yahI ajJAna kI nivRttirUpa sAkSAt phala hai| jo phala tatkAla na milakara, kAlAntara meM milatA hai, vaha paramparA phala hotA hai| vaha hAna, upAdAna aura upekSA ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai| 1. jAnane ke pazcAt aniSTa yA ahitakara vastu kA tyAga karanA, hAna hai| 2. iSTa yA hitakara vastu kA svIkAra karanA upAdAna hai| 3. jo padArtha na hitakara hai, na ahitakara; unheM jAnane para na hI unakA grahaNa karanA aura na hI unakA tyAga karanA; unake prati sahaja udAsIna rahanA hna yaha upekSA hai|" (28)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana AcAryazrI mANikyanandikRta grantha parIkSAmukha ke uparyukta sUtrAnusAra vizva ko jAnane se honevAle lAbha nimnAnusAra haiM 1. vizva viSayaka hamArA jo ajJAna thA, usa ajJAna kA nAza vizva ko jAne se hotA hai| vizva kA viSaya par3hane ke pahale hameM jinadharma ke dvArA mAnya vizva kA jJAna nahIM thA; usakA jJAna honA yaha prathama lAbha hai| 2. ajJAnajanya paripATI ke anusAra vizva kA kartA koI na koI Izvara Adi hogA hI aisI jo aniSTa bhrAnti thI, usakA hAna arthAt tyAga hotA hai| - 56 3. yaha vizva chaha dravyamaya, anAdi-ananta, svayambhU evaM zAzvata hai; isaprakAra yathArtha jJAna kA upAdAna arthAt grahaNa hotA hai| 4. vItarAgI, sarvajJa evaM hitopadezI jinendra bhagavAna dvArA kathita vizva ko jAnakara, vizva ke sambandha meM kapola-kalpita anya aneka mithyA dhAraNAoM kI upekSA arthAt udAsInatA svAbhAvikarUpa se ho jAtI hai| 5. jagat ke kisI bhI jIvAdi dravya se kucha lAbha hotA hai - aisI mithyA bhrAnti nikala jAtI hai| anya jIvAdi dravyoM se nirapekSa rahane kI bhAvanA jAgRta hotI hai| isaprakAra yahA~ vizva sambandhI 28 praznottara ke sAtha vivecana pUrNa hotA hai| (29) dravya - vivecana 29. prazna - vizva ko jAnane ke anantara hI dravya kI paribhASA ko jAnanA kyoM Avazyaka hai ? uttara - vizva kI paribhASA meM 'dravya' zabda AyA hai, vaha dravya kyA hai ? - aisI jijJAsA mana meM utpanna honA svAbhAvika hai| usa jijJAsA ko zAnta karane ke lie aura dravya sambandhI vistRta jAnakArI prApta karane kI bhAvanA se yahA~ vizva ke bAda dravya kI paribhASA jAnanA Avazyaka hai / dravya kA vivecana prArambha hotA hai| dravya ke isa navIna prakaraNa meM - 30. prazna dravya kise kahate haiM? uttara - guNoM ke samUha ko dravya kahate haiN| aba, vistAra se isakI carcA karate haiM - jina jIvAdi chaha dravyoM ke samUha ko vizva kahate haiM, unhIM dravyoM kI carcA hameM yahA~ karanA hai| anya rupayA-paisA, dhana-sampatti Adi laukika dravyoM/padArthoM se yahA~ kucha bhI lenA-denA nahIM hai| ina dravyoM kA pRthak-pRthak kathana karane ke pUrva hameM sAmAnya rIti se dravya kise kahate haiM? - yaha jAnanA Avazyaka hai| isa dravya ke svarUpa ko ananta sarvajJa bhagavantoM ne apanI anupama 'divyadhvani' ke dvArA anAdikAla se batalAyA hai aura bhaviSya meM bhI anantakAla taka batAte raheMge / tIrthaMkara bhagavAna AdinAtha se lekara tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra paryaMta mAtra caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM ne hI nahIM; apitu sabhI kevalajJAnI, gaNadhara, AcArya, munivara aura sAmAnya jJAniyoM ne bhI dravya ke svarUpa ko isIprakAra se paribhASita kiyA hai| aneka jJAniyoM ke tAttvika kathana meM kabhI bhI paraspara matabheda
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana athavA virodha hotA hI nahIM hai - yaha bAta acchI taraha samajha lenA caahie| 31. prazna - ananta jJAniyoM ke tAttvika kathana meM paraspara virodha kyoM nahIM AtA? aneka logoM ke kathana meM paraspara virodha AnA svAbhAvika hI hai - aisA hameM lagatA hai| uttara - ananta jJAniyoM ke kathana meM virodha na Ane kA vAstavika/ saccA kAraNa yaha hai ki ve svataHsiddha, anAdi-ananta vastu-vyavasthA ko jaisI hai, vaisI hI kahate Aye haiM; kyoMki unhoMne vastu-vyavasthA kA kathana kiyA hai, vastu-vyavasthA ko banAne kA kArya nahIM kiyA hai| ___yadi koI vastu-vyavasthA kA kathana apanI mati-kalpanA se karegA to vaha niyama se asatya hI hogaa| jinadharma kI paramparA meM vastu kA kathana, jaisI vastu hai, vaisA hI kiyA gayA hai; ataH ananta jJAniyoM ke tAttvika kathana meM virodha kabhI A hI nahIM sktaa| 32. prazna - 'guNoM ke samUha ko dravya kahate haiM' - yaha paribhASA, kitane dravyoM para lAgU hotI hai aura kitanoM para lAgU nahIM hotI? uttara - dravya kI ukta paribhASA jAti-apekSA jIvAdi sabhI chaha dravyoM para aura saMkhyA kI apekSA sabhI anantAnanta dravyoM para lAgU hotI hai| isa vizva meM aisA koI bhI dravya nahIM hai, jisa para dravya kI yaha paribhASA lAgU nahIM hotI ho| maiM bhI eka jIvadravya hU~, ataH mujha para bhI dravya kI yaha paribhASA lAgU hotI hai, kyoMki maiM bhI svayaM ananta guNoM kA samUharUpa jIvadravya huuN| 33. prazna - vizva kI paribhASA meM 'chaha dravyoM kA samUha' aura dravya kI paribhASA meM 'guNoM kA samUha' - aisA AyA hai| yahA~ 'samUha' zabda kA artha donoM jagaha eka samAna hai yA alaga-alaga? uttara - donoM paribhASAoM meM Ae samUha zabda kA artha eka samAna na hokara alaga-alaga hai| vizva kI paribhASA meM samUha zabda kA artha dravya-vivecana pRthak-pRthak vastuoM ke saMyogoM ko batAnA hai| jaise - kisI kamare meM meja, kursI, palaMga, alamArI evaM anya vastue~, saMyogarUpa se eka sthAna meM pAyI jAtI haiM; usItaraha AkAza meM sarva dravya rahate haiN| lekina vizeSa dRSTi se dekhA jAe to pratyeka dravya kI sattA svatantra hai aura pratyeka dravya kA kSetra bhI bhinna-bhinna hai| ___ dravya kI paribhASA meM AyA huA samUha zabda guNoM meM paraspara tAdAtmya sambandha batAtA hai, ekarUpatA ko siddha karatA hai| guNoM ke samUharUpa dravya meM se hama kisI eka guNa ko anya guNoM se yA guNoM ko dravya se bhinna nahIM kara sakate, yahI guNoM kA tAdAtmyapanA hai| jaise - pudgala meM sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa Adi aneka guNa haiM; unameM se eka guNa ko dravya meM se athavA anya guNoM se bhinna nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isIprakAra jaise - jIvadravya meM jJAna, darzana, zraddhA Adi aneka guNa haiM; unameM se kisI eka guNa ko hama jIvadravya meM se athavA usake anya guNoM se pRthak nahIM kara skte| dekho, bhedanaya se dravya meM rahanevAle ananta guNoM meM se kisI eka guNa ko buddhi-bala dvArA alaga karake usa guNa ke sambandha meM adhika jAnane athavA kathana karane kA kArya to hama-Apa kara sakate haiN| jaise - zraddhAguNa kI pUrNa evaM nirmala kSAyika samyaktvarUpa paryAya, cauthe guNasthAna se lekara sAtaveM guNasthAna taka kahIM para bhI pragaTa ho sakatI hai| lekina jJAna, cauthe se lekara bArahaveM guNasthAna taka samyak to hotA hai, lekina jJAnaguNa kI pUrNa evaM nirmala kSAyika kevalajJAnarUpa paryAya sayogakevalI nAma ke terahaveM guNasthAna meM hI pragaTa hotI hai| 34. prazna - dravya kA kartA athavA dravya ko banAnevAlA kauna hai? uttara - isa prazna kA samAdhAna vizva kI vyAkhyA karate samaya bhI kiyA gayA hai ki jIvAdi pratyeka dravya anAdi-ananta svataHsiddha hai; ataH inakA koI kartA-dhartA nahIM hai| (30)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana yaha vastu-svarUpa kA niyama hai ki jo vastu anAdi-ananta hotI hai, vaha svataHsiddha bhI hotI hai / svataH siddha vastu kA koI kartA yA utpAdaka nahIM hotaa| yadi svataH siddha vastu kA bhI kisI ko kartA mAnA jAe to vaha vastu anAdi nidhana nahIM rahatI / yadi kisI eka dravya ko kisI eka anya dravya kA bhI utpAdaka / banAnevAlA mAnA jAe to sampUrNa vizva kA bhI vahI kartA / utpAdaka ho jAegA; phira vizva bhI anAdi-ananta, svataH siddha va svatantra nahIM rahegA / yadi hama vizva ko svayaMsiddha mAneM aura dravya ko svayaMsiddha na mAnakara kisI dvArA banAyA huA mAneMge to hamAre kathana meM paraspara virodha utpanna ho jaaegaa| jahA~ kathana meM paraspara virodha ho to vahA~ jinendrakathita zAstra kI kasauTI naSTa ho jAegI; ataH jaba vizva svayambhU hai to jinake samUha se vizva banA hai, ve sabhI dravya bhI svayambhU aura svatantra hI haiN| 35. prazna jaina siddhAnta pravezikA meM kathita dravya kI paribhASA kA samarthana karanevAlI Agamokta anya paribhASAe~ kauna-kaunasI haiM ? uttara - aneka prAcIna granthoM meM jo paribhASAe~ AI haiM; tattvArthasUtra grantha ke pA~caveM adhyAya meM dravya kA sAmAnya lakSaNa batAyA hai - 60 'sad dravyalakSaNam ||29|| arthAt dravya kA lakSaNa sat hai / ' yadi aisA hai to sat kyA hai? - ise batAne ke lie agalA sUtra kahate haiM - 'utpAdavyayadhauvyayuktaM sat // 30 // arthAt jo utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya ina tInoM se samanvita hotA hai, vaha sat hai / ' isIprakAra anya prakAra se dravya kA lakSaNa batAne ke lie isI adhyAya meM eka aura sUtra kahate haiM- 'guNaparyayavad dravyam // 38 // arthAt jo guNa aura paryAyavAlA hai, vaha dravya hai|' tAtparya yaha hai ki jisameM guNa aura paryAya, donoM eka sAtha rahate haiM, vaha guNa-paryAyavAlA kahalAtA hai aura vahI dravya hai| (31) dravya - vivecana 36. prazna - dravya meM guNoM kI saMkhyA kitanI hai ? uttara- dravya meM guNoM kI saMkhyA ananta hai| 37. prazna - guNoM kI anantatA kA kyA svarUpa hai ? uttara - isa vizva meM jIva ananta haiM, unase anantagune pudgaladravya haiM, unase anantagune tIna kAla ke samaya haiM, unase anantagune AkAza pradeza haiM aura unase bhI anantagune eka dravya meM guNa haiN| pRthvIkAyika, jalakAyika, agnikAyika, vAyukAyika aura pratyeka vanaspati - ye pA~coM sthAvara jIva, dvi-indriya se lekara asaMjJI - saMjJI paMcendriya tiryaMca paryanta ke sarva trasa jIva, nArakI jIva, deva jIva aura saMkhyAta manuSya jIva- ye saba milakara bhI jIvoM kI saMkhyA mAtra asaMkhyAta hI hotI hai / sAdhAraNa vanaspati arthAt nigodiyA jIvoM ko milA dene para hI jIvoM kI saMkhyA ananta hotI hai| ina ananta jIvoM se anantagune pudgaladravya haiN| eka choTI-sI pustikA bhI athavA kAgaja ke eka choTA Tukar3A bhI ananta pudgala paramANuoM se banA hotA hai to vizva meM vidyamAna sarva pudgala, jIva ke ananta parimANa se anantagunA honA svAbhAvika hai| 61 kAla tIna bhedavAlA hai - bhUtakAla, bhaviSyakAla aura vartamAnakAla / vartamAnakAla mAtra eka samaya kA hai| bhUtakAla ananta samayoM kA hai| bhaviSyakAla, bhUtakAla se hamezA anantagunA hotA hai| kAla ke sambandha meM yaha kathana traikAlika hai| 38. prazna samaya kise kahate haiM? uttara - kAla ke sabase choTe aMza ko samaya kahate haiN| umAsvAmI AcArya ne tattvArthasUtra ke pA~caveM adhyAya ke do sUtroM meM kahA hai- 'kAlazca / / 31 / / so'nantasamayaH // 40 // arthAt jIvAdi dravyoM ke samAna kAla bhI eka dravya hai aura vaha ananta samayavAlA hai|'
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana dravya-vivecana samaya kI vyAkhyA karate hue kahA gayA hai ki mandagati se gamana karanevAle eka pudgala paramANu ko AkAza ke eka pradeza se nikaTavartI dUsare pradeza para jAne meM jitanA kAla lagatA hai, use samaya kahate haiN| ___mAna lIjie ki hamane Aja isI samaya videhakSetra meM vidyamAna zrI sImandhara tIrthaMkara ke samavazaraNa meM jAkara bhagavAna se prazna pU~chA - 'bhagavan! bhaviSyakAla kitanA hai?' divyadhvani meM uttara AyA - 'bhUtakAla ke ananta varSa bIta cuke haiM, usase bhI anantagunA bhaviSyakAla hai|' __ punaH kalpanA kIjie ki ananta varSoM ke bIta jAne ke bAda hameM anya sarvajJa bhagavAna ke samavasaraNa meM jAne kA punaH suavasara milA aura hamane phira vahI prazna kiyA ki bhagavana! hamane ananta varSa pUrva videhakSetra meM sthita zrI sImandhara paramAtmA se bhaviSyakAla viSayaka prazna pU~chA thA to uttara AyA thA 'bhUtakAla se bhaviSyakAla anantagunA hai|' aba hama ananta varSa bIta jAne para punaH prazna pUcha rahe haiM ki 'bhaviSyakAla kitanA hai?' to divyadhvani meM vahI uttara AyA ki 'bhUtakAla se bhaviSyakAla anantagunA adhika hai| isataraha pudgaladravya se anantagune tIna ke kAla ke samaya haiM aura tIna kAla ke samayoM se bhI anantagune AkAza ke pradeza haiN| 39. prazna - pradeza kise kahate haiM? uttara - eka avibhAgI pudgala paramANu athavA kAlANu se vyApta AkAza ke kSetra ko pradeza kahate haiN| 40. prazna - paramANu kise kahate haiM? uttara - sabase sUkSma pudgala kA vaha aMza, jisakA dUsarA vibhAga na ho sake, use paramANu kahate haiN| paramANu tathA kAlANu kA AkAra samAna hotA hai| 41. prazna - AkAza kA antima chora-anta kaba prApta hogA? uttara - mAna lo ki hama daza dizAoM meM se kisI eka dizA athavA vidizA meM gamana karanA prArambha kareM aura nirantara gamana karate/ calate hI raheM, phira bhI AkAza kA chora/anta hameM kabhI nahIM milegaa| 42. prazna - hameM chora nahIM milegA yA chora/anta hai hI nahIM? uttara - vAstava meM dazoM dizAoM meM AkAza kahIM samApta hI nahIM hotA arthAt usakA chora/anta hai hI nahIM to hameM usakA chora/anta milegA kaise? 43. prazna - sarvajJa bhagavAna to AkAza kA anta jAneMge yA nahIM? uttara - jaba AkAza kA anta hai hI nahIM to bhagavAna bhI usakA anta kaise jAneMge? arthAt jAna hI nahIM skte|| 44. prazna - to kyA sarvajJa kA kevalajJAna apUrNa hai? uttara - nahIM, sarvajJa kA jJAna to pUrNa hI hai; apUrNa nhiiN| jaisI vastu hai, vaisI hI to ve jaaneNge| jaba AkAza kA anta hai hI nahIM to ve kevalajJAnI bhI usakA anta jAneMge kaise? AcArya umAsvAmI ke guru AcAryazrI kundakunda bhI paMcAstikAya grantha kI gAthA 9 meM kahate haiM - 'daviyadi gacchadi tAI, tAI sabbhAvapajjayAI jN| daviyaM taM bhaNNaMte, aNaNNabhUdaM tu sattAdo / / arthAt una-una sadbhAvaparyAyoM ko jo dravita karatA hai, prApta hotA hai; use (sarvajJa) dravya kahate haiM, jo ki sattA se ananyabhUta haiN| __ Age paMcAstikAya kI gAthA 10 meM bhI AcArya kundakunda kahate haiM - 'jo sat lakSaNavAlA hai, jo utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya saMyukta hai tathA jo guNa-paryAyoM kA Azraya hai; use (sarvajJa) dravya kahate haiN|' ___ AcArya kundakunda ne hI pravacanasAra grantha ke jJeyatattvaprajJApana kI gAthA kramAMka 95, 101, 102, 103 Adi meM bhI dravya ke sambandha meM bahuta spaSTatApUrvaka likhA hai| jijJAsuoM ko samagrarUpa se sUkSmatApUrvaka (32)
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________________ 64 jinadharma-vivecana dravya-vivecana ina gAthAoM aura inakI TIkAoM ko par3hanA caahie| ina gAthAoM ke adhyayana se vastu-vyavasthA kA jJAna atyanta spaSTa/nirmala hotA hai| ___ paNDita zrI rAjamalajI ne bhI paMcAdhyAyI grantha ke prathama adhyAya meM dravya ke sambandha meM vizeSa spaSTatA ke sAtha kathana kiyA hai, usakA bhI adhyayana dravya ke svarUpa ko samajhane ke lie bahuta upayogI hai| ukta donoM granthoM kA dravya sambandhI sampUrNa viSaya yahA~ denA sambhava nahIM hai aura ucita bhI nahIM hai; isalie pAThakoM ke jAnakArI ke lie unakA mAtra ullekha kiyA hai| zAstrAbhyAsI pAThakoM se nivedana hai ki ve mUlataH unakA adhyayana kreN| anya aneka prAcIna AcAryoM tathA vidvAnoM dvArA prAkRta evaM saMskRta bhASA meM likhita dravya viSayaka kathana, aneka granthoM meM aneka sthAna para milate haiN| paMcAdhyAyI grantha kI prastAvanA meM paNDita phUlacandajI siddhAnta zAstrI ne dravya kI aneka paribhASAoM kA sandarbha dete hue evaM anya aneka darzanoM ke sAtha usakI tulanA karate hue acchA khulAsA kiyA hai| usa prastAvanA kA kucha viziSTa bhAga hama pAThakoM ke lAbhArtha yahA~ de rahe haiM - dravya kA sAmAnya svarUpa "vizva, jar3a-cetana do prakAra ke tattvoM (dravyoM/padArthoM) kA samudAya hai| vedAnta darzana ke sivAya zeSa saba darzanoM ne inakI svatantra sattA svIkAra kI hai| yahA~ hama una saba darzanoM kI svatantra carcA nahIM kreNge| yahA~ hameM mAtra jainadarzana ke anusAra vizva kA vicAra karanA hai aura dekhanA hai ki cetana-jagat kA jar3a-jagat ke sAtha kyA sambandha hai| jainadarzana, jagat meM mUlabhUta chaha padArthoM (dravyoM) kI svIkRti detA hai| unake nAma haiM - jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla / ye chahoM 'dravya' zabda ke dvArA pukAre jAte haiN| isa dravya zabda meM do artha chipe hue haiM- 1. dravaNazIlatA 2. sthaayitv| jagat kA pratyeka padArtha pariNamanazIla (utpAda-vyayazIla) hokara bhI dhruva hai, isalie use 'dravya' kahate haiM - yaha ukta kathana kA tAtparya hai| sAdhAraNataH jainadarzana ke sivAya anya darzanoM meM dravya ke viSaya meM aneka mata milate haiM - 1. pahalA mata - jagat meM jo kucha hai, vaha eka hai, sadrUpa hai aura nitya hai| yaha mata mAtra eka cetana tattva kI pratiSThA karatA hai aura vizva kI vividhatA ko mAyA kA pariNAma batalAtA hai| 2. dUsarA mata - jagat meM jo kucha hai, vaha nAnA (aneka) hai aura vizaraNazIla (utpAda-vyayazIla) hai|| 3. tIsarA mata - sat ko to mAnatA hI hai, para isake sivA sat se bhinna asat ko bhI mAnatA hai| vaha sat meM bhI paramANu, dravya, kAla, AtmA Adi ko nitya aura kArya dravya ghaTa-paTa Adi ko anitya mAnatA hai| 4. cauthA mata - sat ke cetana aura acetana do bheda karatA hai; usameM cetana ko nitya aura acetana ko pariNAmI nitya mAnatA hai| 5. pA~cavA~ mata - eka mata aisA bhI hai jo jagat kI sattA ko hI vAstavika nahIM mAnatA hai| kintu jainadarzana meM dravya kI paribhASA bhinna prakAra se kI gaI hai| usameM kisI bhI padArtha ko na to sarvathA nitya hI mAnA gayA hai aura na sarvathA anitya hii| kAraNa dravya sarvathA nitya hai aura kArya dravya sarvathA anitya hai, yaha bhI usakA mata nahIM hai: kintu usake mata se - jar3a-cetana samaya sadrUpa padArtha, utpAda-vyaya aura dhauvya svabhAvI haiN| 1. apanI jAti kA tyAga kiye binA navIna paryAya kI prApti utpAda hai| 2. pUrva paryAya kA tyAga vyaya hai| 3. anAdi pAriNAmika svabhAvarUpa anvaya kA banA rahanA dhauvya hai| (33)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana isaprakAra utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya milakara dravya kA nijarUpa hai| 'utpAda-vyaya-dhauvyayuktaM sat, sad dravyalakSaNam' - yaha isa darzana kI ghoSaNA hai| 66 aba prazna yaha hotA hai ki eka hI dravya, utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvyarUpa kaise ho sakatA hai? kadAcit kAlabheda se use utpAda aura vyayarUpa mAna bhI liyA jAe; kyoMki jisakA utpAda hotA hai, usakA kAlAntara meM nAza avazya hotA hai; tathApi vaha aisI avasthA meM dhrauvyarUpa nahIM ho sakatA, kyoMki jisakA utpAda aura vyaya hotA hai, use dhrauvyasvabhAvI mAnane meM virodha AtA hai| samAdhAna yaha hai ki avasthA bheda se dravya meM ye tInoM mAne gaye haiN| jisa kAla meM dravya kI pUrva avasthA, nAza ko prApta hotI hai; usI samaya usakI naI avasthA, utpanna hotI hai, phira bhI usakA traikAlika anvayasvabhAva banA rahatA hai; isalie pratyeka dravya meM utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya, svabhAva se haiM - yaha siddha hotA hai| isa bhAva ko vyakta karate hue svAmI samantabhadra AptamImAMsA meM likhate haiM ghaTa- mauli suvarNArthI, nAzotpAda- sthitiSvayam / zoka pramoda mAdhyasthyaM jano yAti sahetukam // 'ghaTa kA icchuka usakA nAza hone para duHkhI hotA hai; mukuTa kA icchuka, usakA utpAda hone para harSita hotA hai aura svarNa kA icchuka, na duHkhI hotA hai, na harSita hotA hai, vaha madhyastha rahatA hai| eka hI samaya meM yaha zoka, pramoda aura madhyasthatA kA bhAva, binA kAraNa ke nahIM ho sakatA, isase mAlUma par3atA hai ki pratyeka vastu trayAtmaka hai| isa kAraNa dravya, utpAda, vyaya aura dhauvyayukta hai yaha siddha hotA hai| utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya- ye dravya kI avasthAe~ haiN| dravya, inameM vyApta hokara sthita hai; isalie dravya kathaMcit nityAnitya hai / utpAda aura (34) dravya - vivecana vyayarUpa avasthAoM kI apekSA vaha kathaMcit anitya hai aura dhrauvyarUpa avasthA kI apekSA vaha kathaMcit nitya hai / dravya kI yaha nityAnityAtmakatA anubhava siddha hai| dUsare zabdoM meM dravya ko guNa-paryAyavAlA bhI kahA jAtA hai; jisameM guNa aura paryAya ho, vaha dravya hai yaha ukta kathana kA tAtparya hai / guNa anvayI hote haiM aura paryAya vyatirekI / 67 pratyeka dravya meM kAryabheda se ananta zaktiyoM kA anumAna hotA hai| inhIM kI guNa saMjJA hai; ye anvayI svabhAva hokara bhI sadAkAla eka avasthA meM nahIM rahate haiM; kintu pratisamaya badalate rahate haiM / inakA badalanA hI paryAya hai| guNa anvayI hote haiM isa kathana kA yaha tAtparya hai ki zakti kA kabhI bhI nAza nahIM hotA / yadyapi jJAna, sadAkAla jJAna hI banA rahatA hai; tathApi jo jJAna, vartamAna samaya meM hai, vahI jJAna, agale samaya meM nahIM rhtaa| dUsare samaya meM vaha anya prakAra kA ho jAtA hai| pratyeka guNa apanI dhArA ke bhItara rahate hue hI pratisamaya anya-anya avasthAoM ko prApta hotA hai| guNoM kI ina avasthAoM kA nAma hI paryAya hai| isa kAraNa paryAya ko vyatirekI kahA hai| ve pratisamaya anyaanya hotI rahatI haiN| ye guNa aura paryAya milakara hI dravya kahalAte haiN| dravya inake sivA svatantra padArtha nahIM hai| ye donoM usake svarUpa haiN| isa viSaya ko ThIka taraha se samajhane ke lie sone kA dRSTAnta ThIka hogA - sonA, pItatva Adi aneka dharma aura unakI taratamarUpa avasthAoM ke sivAya svatantra koI padArtha nahIM hai| koI sonA kama pIlA hotA hai, koI adhika pIlA hotA hai, koI gola hotA hai aura koI trikoNa yA catuSkoNa hotA hai| sonA, ina saba pItatva Adi zaktiyoM meM aura unakI pratisamaya honevAlI vividha prakAra kI paryAyoM meM vyApta hokara sthita hai; saba dravyoM kA
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 68 yahI svabhAva hai| apane guNa aura paryAyoM ke sivA unakI svatantra sattA nahIM hai| isI se dUsare zabdoM meM use guNa-paryAyavAlA kahate haiN| pahale yadyapi dravya ko utpAda-vyaya dhrauvyasvabhAvavAlA batalA Ae haiM aura yahA~ use guNa-paryAyavAlA batalAyA haiM; para vicAra karane para ina donoM lakSaNoM meM koI antara pratIta nahIM hotA; kyoMki jo vastu utpAdavyaya aura dhrauvya zabda dvArA kahI jAtI hai, vahI guNa - paryAya zabda dvArA kahI gaI hai| 'utpAda aura vyaya' - ye 'paryAya' ke dUsare nAma haiM aura 'dhauvya' - yaha 'guNa' kA dUsarA nAma hai; isalie dravya ko utpAda-vyaya aura dhauvyasvabhAvavAlA kaho athavA guNa aura paryAyavAlA kaho, donoM kA eka hI artha hai / isa prakAra guNa aura paryAya ye lakSyasthAnIya hai tathA utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya- ye lakSaNasthAnIya haiN| guNa kA mukhya lakSaNa dhauvya hai tathA paryAya kA mukhya lakSaNa utpAda aura vyaya hai| jisakA lakSaNa kiyA jAe use lakSya kahate haiM aura jisake dvArA vastu kI pahacAna kI jAe, use lakSaNa kahate haiN| guNa kI mukhya pahacAna, usakA sadAkAla bane rahanA hai aura paryAya kI mukhya pahacAna, usakA utpanna aura vinaSTa hote rahanA hai| athavA yahA~ dravya ko lakSya tathA utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya ko yA guNa aura paryAya ko usakA lakSaNa kahA hai; isase sahaja hI inameM bheda kI pratIti hotI haiM, kintu vastutaH inameM bheda nahIM hai| bheda, buddhi meM AtA hai| vastu to akhaNDa aura eka hai| jaba use jisa rUpa meM dekhate haiM, taba vaha usI rUpa meM dikhAI detI hai| dravya kA yaha vicAra, use satsvarUpa mAnakara hI kiyA jAtA hai, isalie prakArAntara se dravya ko sat bhI kahA jAtA hai| Azaya, ina tInoM vyAkhyAoM kA eka hI hai|" (35) dravya - vivecana 45. prazna uttara - dravya aneka nAma bhI haiN| 46. prazna- yahA~ dravya ko tattvArtha yA padArtha bhI kahA hai? jabaki tattvArtha sAta hote haiM, padArtha nau hote haiM aura dravya chaha hote haiM; ataH dravya ko tattvArtha kaise kaha sakate haiM? 69 dravya ke aura kyA-kyA nAma haiM? vastu, sat, sattA, tattvArtha, padArtha, anvaya Adi uttara - bhAIsAhaba! AcArya kundakunda ne niyamasAra meM kahA hai - jIvA poggalakAyA, dhammAdhammA ya kAla AyAsaM / taccatthA idi bhaNidA, NANAguNapajjaehiM saMjuttA // 9 // artha - jIva, pudgalakAya, dharma, adharma, kAla aura AkAza - yaha tattvArtha kahe haiM, jo ki vividha guNa-paryAyoM se saMyukta haiM / 47. prazna- guNoM ke samUha ko dravya kahA / yahA~ guNoM ke samUha kA artha do guNoM kA samUha, tIna guNoM kA samUha, saikaDoM yA hajAroM guNoM ka samUha athavA asaMkhyAta guNoM kA samUha - kitane guNoM kA samUha lenA ? uttara- do, cAra, saikar3oM, hajAroM athavA asaMkhyAta guNoM kA samUha - aisA artha nahIM lenA; parantu niyama se ananta guNoM kA samUha hI lenA caahie| isakA spaSTa artha hai- anantaguNoM ke samUha ko dravya kahate haiM; kyoMki pratyeka dravya meM niyama se ananta hI guNa hote haiN| ekapradezI paramANu yA kAlANu ho athavA asaMkhyAtapradezI jIva, dharma yA adharma ho athavA anantapradezI AkAza ho, pratyeka meM ananta hI guNa hote haiN| 48. prazna - ekapradezI kAlANu yA paramANu meM bhI ananta guNa aura asaMkhyAtapradezI dharmAdi dravyoM meM yA anantapradezI AkAza meM bhI ananta guNa - yaha viSaya samajha meM nahIM aataa| kyA kareM? uttara - apanA kSAyopazamika jJAna ati alpa hai, usase saba viSaya spaSTa samajha meM Ae, yaha apekSA hI anucita hai| hama pratyakSarUpa se manuSya jIvana meM jJAna kI alpatA tathA vicitratA kA anubhava karate haiN|
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________________ 70 jinadharma-vivecana dravya-vivecana jaise, hama apanI A~kha ko Upara athavA nIce se aMgulI dvArA thor3A dabAte haiM to sAmane kI vastu do-do dikhatI hai| yadi kisI kAraNavaza cakkara A jAe to duniyA ghUma rahI hai - aisA lagatA hai| nIMda meM bhI jJAna bahuta kama jAnatA hai| samaya para anukUla bhojana-pAna na mile to bhI jJAna meM hInatA AtI hai| parasoM kaunasI sabjI bhojana meM lI thI, isakA bhI hameM smaraNa nahIM rhtaa| DaoNkTara behozI kA iMjekzana dete haiM to manuSya lakar3I ke samAna aceta jaisA hotA hai; isI avasthA meM DaoNkTara loga, marIja kA oNparezana kara sakate haiN| 40 varSa ke bAda cazme ke binA par3hanA nahIM banatA aura sUkSma jIva bhI nahIM dikhate / isataraha atyanta nikRSTa jJAna dvArA hama alaukika viSaya kaise jAna sakate haiM? 49. prazna - aisI avasthA meM hama tattvajJAna kI sUkSmatA yA loka meM vidyamAna adbhuta viSayoM ko jAna hI nahIM sakeMge? uttara - nirAza hone kI kucha AvazyakatA nahIM hai| hamAre pAsa bhI kucha viziSTa sAdhana haiN| jaise - jinendra bhagavAna, kevalajJAna se sampUrNa vastu-jagat ko spaSTa evaM pUrNa jAnate haiM; usItaraha hama bhI sampUrNa vastujagat ko kiMcit alpatAsahita jAna sakate haiN| 50. prazna - vaha kaunasA upAya athavA sAdhana hai? jisase kevalajJAna se jJAta viSayoM ko hama manuSya parokSataH jAna sakate haiM? uttara - kevalajJAna se jJAta viSayoM ko jAnane kA ekamAtra sAdhana jinavANI hai, zAstra hai| AcAryoM dvArA racita evaM vidvAnoM dvArA likhita, yA anuvAdita grantha haiN| kevalajJAnI arthAt sarvajJa jinendra bhagavantoM ne jo aura jaisA jAnA hai, vaisA hI zAstroM meM viSaya likhA gayA hai; isalie apanI buddhi kA bharosA na rakhate hue zAstra ke AdhAra se sUkSma evaM AzcaryakArI viSayoM ko hama jAna sakate haiN| kevalajJAna hI jinadharma kA mUla AdhAra hai; yaha svIkAranA ati Avazyaka hai| jo kevalajJAna ko nahIM mAnegA, use jinadharma samajha meM nahIM AegA aura aise apAtroM ko samajhAne kA vyartha prayAsa bhI nahIM karanA caahie| ___ ekapradezI kAlANu yA paramANu, asaMkhyAtapradezI jIva-dharmAdi dravyoM tathA anantapradezI AkAzadravya meM ananta guNa haiM; isakA AdhAra kevalajJAnI bhagavantoM dvArA prarUpita jinavANI/zAstra hI hai| isaprakAra pratyeka dravya meM niyama se anantaguNa hote haiM -aisA hameM pakkA nirNaya ho jAnA caahie| 51. prazna - yadi koI manuSya eka hI guNa ko dravya mAnegA to kyA Apatti AegI? uttara - eka to vastusvarUpa se viparIta jJAna hogA; kyoMki kisI bhI dravya meM mAtra eka hI guNa ho - aisA hotA hI nhiiN| dUsarI bAta sarvajJa bhagavAna ke viruddha mAnyatA hogI, sarvajJa bhagavAna kI AjJA kI avahelanA hogii| ___ yadi eka guNa ko eka dravya mAneMge to eka dravya meM ananta dravya mAnanA hogA; kyoMki pratyeka dravya meM ananta guNa haiM - yaha vAstavika sthiti hai| 52. prazna - pratyeka dravya meM ananta guNa haiM, usa ananta kA kyA svarUpa hai| uttara - isa vizva meM jIvadravya ananta haiM, unase anantagune adhika pudgaladravya haiM, unase anantagune adhika tIna kAla ke samaya haiM, unase anantagune adhika AkAza ke pradeza haiM aura unase bhI anantagune adhika eka dravya meM guNa hote rahate haiN| ___ saMkhyA sambandhI kathana jIvakANDa gAthA 588 evaM 590 meM nimnaprakAra AtA hai - jIvA aNaMtasaMkhANaMtaguNA puggalA hu tatto du| arthAt vahA~ dravya pramANa se jIvadravya ananta haiM; unase anantagune pudgala paramANu haiN| 'vavahAro puNa kAlo, poggldvvaadnnNtgunnmetto| tatto aNaMtaguNidA, AgAsapadesaparisaMkhA ||590 // (36)
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________________ 72 dravya-vivecana jinadharma-vivecana arthAt vyavahAra kAla jo samayarUpa hai, vaha pudgaladravya se ananta gunA jAnanA / una tIna - (kAla bhUta, bhaviSya, vartana) ke samayoM se anantagune AkAza ke sarva pradezoM kI saMkhyA jAnanI (tathA AkAza ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA (ananta) se bhI anantagune eka dravya meM guNa hote rahate haiN|)' 53. prazna - dravya kA kartA kauna hai? arthAt dravya ko kisane utpanna kiyA? yA banAyA hai? uttara - vAstavikarUpa se vicAra kiyA jAe to 'chaha dravyoM ke samUha ko vizva kahate haiM' - isa paribhASA ke mAdhyama se 'dravya bhI svayambhU hai' - yaha hameM samajha meM A jAnA caahie| jisataraha vizva anAdi-ananta evaM svayambhU hai, usItaraha pratyeka dravya (chahoM dravya) bhI anAdi-ananta evaM svayambhU hI haiN| kisI bhI dravya kA koI kartA arthAt utpAdaka nahIM hai| jisataraha vizva evaM dravya, anAdi-ananta tathA svayambhU haiM, usItaraha pratyeka dravya meM rahanevAle ananta guNa bhI anAdi-ananta evaM svayambhUhI haiN| paMcAdhyAyI grantha ke prathama adhyAya ke 8veM zloka meM yaha viSaya spaSTa rUpa se AyA hai, use hama Age de rahe haiM - 'dravyaM sallAkSaNika, sanmAtraM vA yataH svtHsiddhm| tasmAdanAdinidhanaM, svasahAyaM nirvikalpaM ca // arthAt dravya kA lakSaNa sat hai yA sanmAtra hI dravya hai tathA jisa kAraNa se vaha svataHsiddha hai; usI kAraNa vaha vinAzarahita hai, anAdi hai, anidhana hai, svasahAya hai aura nirvikalpa arthAt akhaNDa hai|' isa zloka meM dravya ke jo aneka prakAra ke lakSaNa batAye haiM, unase yaha atyanta spaSTa hai ki dravyoM kA koI bhI kartA-dhartA-hartA nahIM hai arthAt koI Izvara, dravya ko banAne vAlA/utpAdaka nahIM hai| 54. prazna - dravya meM guNoM ko kisane ekatrita kiyA? uttara - dravya meM guNoM ko kisI ne bhI ekatrita nahIM kiyA hai| dravya svayameva hI anAdikAla se ananta guNamaya hai aura ananta kAla taka ananta guNamaya hI rahegA; ataH dravya bhI vizva ke samAna svayambhU arthAt svayaMsiddha evaM svatantra hai| dravya meM guNoM ko kahIM se lAkara ikaTThA nahIM kiyA hai| anantaguNa apane Apa hI anAdi se ekatrita haiM arthAt ve eka hI vastu meM haiM aura usI vastu kI dravya saMjJA hai| 55. prazna - dravya ko jAnane se hameM kyA lAbha hai? uttara - 1. dravya ke sambandha meM anAdi se calatA AyA huA purAnA ajJAna naSTa hotA hai aura dravya sambandhI yathArtha jJAna pragaTa hotA hai| - yaha prathama lAbha hai| 2. vizva ke kAraNa kA patA calatA hai arthAt dravyoM se hI vizva banA huA hai - aisA spaSTa jJAna hotA hai| 3. vizva meM sarvatra hI jIvAdi dravya hI dravya haiN| eka pradezamAtra bhI sthAna dravyoM se rahita nahIM hai; isataraha vizva, dravyoM se labAlaba bharA huA hai; isakA patA calatA hai| 4. dravya kA abhAva mAnA jAe to vizva kA abhAva hogA, isa Apatti kA bhAna hotA hai| isa kAraNa dravya kA sarvatra astitva mAnanA anivArya hai| 5. apanA jJAna, kevalajJAnI athavA samyagjJAnI ke jJAna ke samAna yathArtha/samyak ho jAtA hai; kyoMki sarvajJa bhagavAna aura jJAnI loga, dravya kA astitva mAnate haiM aura maiMne bhI dravya kA astitva mAna liyA hai| 6. sarvajJa ke dvArA kathita dravya kA svarUpa jAnane se rAgI-dveSI evaM asarvajJa ke dvArA kathita dravya ke kathana kI upekSA ho jAtI hai| 7. pratyeka dravya, ananta guNAtmaka pUrNa vastu hai, zUnya nahIM; ataH pratyeka dravya kI pUrNatA aura paradravyoM se nirapekSatA kA jJAna hotA hai| 8. pratyeka dravya, vizva ke samAna svayambhU evaM svatantra hai; ataH (37)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana kisI bhI dravya kA koI bhI kartA-dhartA aura hartA nahIM hai isa satya kA jJAna hotA hai| 74 9. paraspara viruddha svabhAvI ananta dravya, eka hI vizva meM avirodharUpa se anAdikAla se rahate Aye haiM aura ananta kAla taka raheMge jAnane se saha-astitva kI zikSA milatI hai| - aisA 10. pratyeka dravya svatantra hone se, maiM jIvadravya kisI kA kucha acchA-burA nahIM kara sakatA aura anya dravya bhI merA kucha acchA-burA nahIM kara sakate aisA nirNaya hotA hai| 11. pratyeka dravya meM ananta guNa hote haiM; isa samajha se koI bhI dravya choTA-bar3A nahIM hai - yaha zraddhA dRr3ha hotI hai| 56. prazna hama kauna se dravya haiM ? uttara - hama arthAt hamArI AtmAe~ jIvadravya haiM; kyoMki hama jJAnamaya haiM aura jAnane kA hI kArya karate haiN| hamArA zarIra, sparzAdi guNamaya paudgalika jar3a hai, nAzavAna hai| 57. prazna hama manuSya haiM, mAnavatA hamArA dharma / kartavya hai - aisA Apa kyoM nahIM samajhAte ? uttara - yahA~ to kevalajJAnI arthAt sarvajJa jinendra bhagavAna ne jo alaukika tattva kahA hai, usakI carcA cala rahI hai| manuSya avasthA / paryAya to sau-pacAsa varSa taka rahegI, usakI kyA bAta karanA ? apane ko vAstavikarUpa se manuSya mAnanA hI to mithyAtva hai| isalie sthUla / upacarita/ tAtkAlika satya kI carcA karane meM hameM rasa nahIM hai| ananta sarvajJa bhagavantoM dvArA kathita alaukika tattva ko batAne kA hI hamArA mAnasa / bhAva hai / AcArya vAdIbhasiMha sUri ne kSatracUr3AmaNi grantha ( prathama lamba) zloka 78 meM nimna prakAra se apane AtmA ko jAnane kI preraNA dI hai| (38) dravya - vivecana 'ko'haM kIhagguNaH kvatyaH kiM prApyaH kiM nimittakaH / ityUhaH pratyahaM no cedasthAne hI matirbhavet // maiM kauna hU~? mujha meM kauna se aura kaise guNa haiM? maiM kahA~ se AyA hU~ ? isa bhava meM mujhe kyA prApta karane yogya hai ? aura usameM kyA yogya nimitta hai ? isaprakAra ke vicAra pratidina na hoM to buddhi ayogya kAryoM meM pravRtta ho jAtI hai| " 75 dekho! AcAryazrI ne prathamAnuyoga ke zAstra meM bhI pAThakoM ko apanI AtmA ko jAnane kI jo salAha dI hai, yaha bahuta mahattvapUrNa hai| 58. prazna- utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya eka hI samaya meM hote haiM; isaprakAra jAnane se kyA kucha hameM lAbha bhI hai ? uttara - 1. kisI bhI paryAya ko iSTa athavA aniSTa jAnanA, yaha galata hai; kyoMki dravya meM jo paryAya hone lAyaka thI, vahI huI hai - aisA jAnane se jIva kI AkulatA miTatI hai| 2. apanI kalpanA se ajJAnI jisa paryAya ko iSTa mAnatA hai, use nitya rakhanA cAhatA hai; lekina koI bhI paryAya nitya rahegI hI nahIM, paryAya kA nAza honA svAbhAvika hai aisA jJAna hone se jIva ko zAnti prApta hotI hai| jaise, yuvArUpa avasthA ko manuSya nitya cAhatA hai| dhana, yaza, Adi avasthA kI nityatA cAhatA hai; lekina koI bhI avasthA nitya rahatI hI nahIM - yaha vastusvarUpa hai| 3. kisI ko koI paryAya aniSTa lagatI ho to samajhadAra jIva yaha samajha sakatA hai ki yaha jo paryAya honI hai, vaha hogI hI, hameM kyoM parezAna honA ? - aisA jAnakara samAdhAna prApta kara sakatA hai| jaise, roga se pIr3ita vyakti ko dekhA nahIM jA sakatA hai| vartamAnakAla meM anukUlatA meM jIvana jI rahe vyakti ko dekhakara, ajJAnI usa avasthA ko cAhatA hai; lekina cAhane se koI bhI avasthA milatI nahIM aisA pakkA nirNaya hotA hai|
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________________ 76 jinadharma-vivecana 4. kisI ko zatru athavA mitra mAnane kI bhAvanA anucita hai - aisA jJAna hone se manuSya ko samAdhAna milatA hai, iSTAniSTa buddhi nikala jAtI hai| 5. iSTAniSTa buddhi nikala jAne se jIva, jJAtA dRSTA banane meM samartha hotA hai, use dharma pragaTa karane ke mArga kA samyagjJAna hotA hai| 6. heya (chor3ane yogya) aura upAdeya ( grahaNa karane yogya ) kA yathArtha jJAna hotA hai| heyopAdeya kA jJAna karanA yahI zAstra- svAdhyAya kA phala hai| 7. kramabaddhaparyAya kA saccA nirNaya hotA hai| 8. dhauvyadRSTi ho jAtI hai arthAt 'maiM bhagavAna AtmA hI hU~ - aisA zraddhAna karane kA puruSArtha jAgRta hotA hai| jIvadravya kA sAmAnya svarUpa 59. prazna jIva kise kahate haiM? uttara - jisameM cetanA arthAt jJAna-darzanarUpa zakti hai, use jIvadravya kahate haiM? 60. prazna jIva ke kitane bheda-prabheda haiM? uttara - bhinna-bhinna apekSAoM se jIva ke aneka bheda / prakAra haiM1. saMsArI aura mukta aise do bheda haiN| 2. bahirAtmA, antarAtmA evaM paramAtmA aise tIna bheda haiN| 3. gatiyoM kI apekSA - nArakI, tiryaMca, manuSya aura deva - aise cAra bheda haiN| - 4. indriyoM kI apekSA - ekendriya, dvIndriya, triindriya, caturindriya evaM paMcendriya - aise pA~ca bheda haiN| 5. SaTkAya kI apekSA - eka trasa evaM pRthvIkAyika Adi pA~ca - aise chaha bheda haiN| (39) jIvadravya-vivecana 6. ekendriya ke do bheda - bAdara aura sUkSma, vikalatraya ke tIna bheda - dvIndriya, triindriya, caturindriya, paMcendriya ke do bheda - saMjJI, asaMjJI - aise sAta bheda haiN| ina sAta ke hI paryApta aparyApta kI apekSA caudaha bheda hote haiN| 77 anya-anya apekSAoM se 18, 19, 57, 98 Adi bheda bhI hote haiN| jijJAsu pAThakagaNa gommaTasAra jIvakANDa kA jIvasamAsa adhikAra dekheN| 61. prazna - jIva ko bheda-prabhedoM ke sAtha jAnane se hameM kyA lAbha hai? uttara - 1. jIva ke sambandha meM hamAre ajJAna kA vyaya ( nAza) hotA hai aura jJAna kA utpAda (navIna avasthA) hotA hai| isaprakAra ajJAna kA nAza aura jJAna kI prApti - yaha prathama lAbha hai| 2. jIva ke sUkSma - bAdara Adi bhedoM kA jJAna hone se jIvadayA kI preraNA milatI hai| kahA bhI hai hra jIva jAti jAne binA, dayA kahA~ se hoya / 3. jIva kA cAroM gati meM du:khadAyI bhramaNa jAnane se manuSya paryAya kI durlabhatA samajha meM AtI hai aura svayameva vairAgyabhAva jAgRta hotA hai| 4. jIva ke bheda-prabhedoM ko jAnane se jIvAdi ke sarva dravya-guNaparyAyoM ko jAnanevAle kevalI bhagavAna ke sUkSma va vizAla jJAna kA bodha hotA hai evaM sarvajJatA ke prati zraddhA atyanta dRr3ha hotI hai| 5. jIva ko jAnane se svayameva hI 'maiM eka svatantra jIvadravya huuN| anya jIva evaM pudgalAdi dravyoM se merA kucha bhI sambandha nahIM haiM' hra aisA bhedajJAna hotA hai| 6. jIva ko pudgala se bhinna jAnate hI tattva kA sAra samajha meM AtA hai| isa sambandha meM AcArya pUjyapAda iSTopadeza grantha meM kahate haiM hra jIva judA pudgala judA, yahI tattva kA sAra / 7. jJAna evaM Ananda kI nirantara vRddhi hotI hai|
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 8. isa vizva meM jIva ananta haiM evaM sabhI svatantra haiM- aisA jAnane ke kAraNa maiM kisI jIva kA bhalA-burA nahIM kara sakatA aura merA bhI koI jIva, kucha bigAr3a - sudhAra nahIM kara sakatA aisI saccI pratIti hotI hai| 78 9. isa vizva meM eka loka vyApaka brahma hI cetana hai, aMguSThamAtra AtmA hai, jagat meM jIva jaisA koI cetana dravya hai hI nahIM; ityAdi mithyA mAnyatAoM kA nirAkaraNa hotA hai| 10. nijAtmasvarUpa kA jJAna hone se parakartRtva kA bhAva TUTatA hai| 11. jIva ko jAnane ke kAraNa jIvatattva se jIvadravya bhinna hai aura merA nija jIvatattva hI dRSTi kA viSaya evaM dhyAna kA dhyeya hai - aisA nirNaya hotA hai evaM dharma pragaTa karane kA puruSArtha jAgRta hotA hai| pud galadravya kA sAmAnya svarUpa 62. prazna - pudgala kise kahate haiM? uttara - jisameM sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa- ye vizeSa guNa hote haiM; use pudgala kahate haiN| tattvArthasUtra ke pA~caveM adhyAya ke 5veM sUtra meM kahA hai- 'sparza-rasagandha-varNa-vantaH pudgalAH / ' isI adhyAya ke 23 veM sUtra meM 'rUpiNaH pud galAH / ' - aisA bhI kahA hai| 'jisameM sparza, rasa, gandha evaM varNa - ye vizeSa guNa pAye jAte haiM; use mUrtika kahate haiN| ataH pudgala rUpI arthAt mUrtika hai' tathA pudgala ke sambandha meM AcArya akalaMkadeva ne anya prakAra se evaM AkarSakarUpa meM kathana kiyA hai " jaise 'bhA' ko karanevAlA 'bhAskara' kahalAtA hai, usI taraha jo bheda, saMghAta aura bheda-saMghAta se pUraNa aura galana ko prApta hoM, ve pud gala kahalAte haiN| paramANuoM meM bhI zakti kI apekSA pUraNa aura galana hotA hai tathA pratikSaNa agurulaghuguNakRta guNa- pariNamana, guNa-vRddhi aura guNa (40) pudgaladravya - vivecana hAni hotI rahatI hai; ataH unameM bhI pUraNa aura galana vyavahAra mAnane meM koI bAdhA nahIM hai| athavA puruSa arthAt jIva, jinako zarIra, AhAra, viSaya aura indriya-upakaraNa Adi ke rUpa meM nigaleM yA grahaNa kareM; ve pudgala haiN| paramANu bhI skandha dazA meM jIvoM ke dvArA nigale hI jAte haiN|" pudgala se sambandhita anya mahattvapUrNa viSaya - 1. vAstava meM paramANu hI pudgaladravya hai| 2. mAtra pudgala hI mUrtika dravya hai| 3. pudgaladravya anantAnanta evaM kriyAvAna haiN| 79 4. pud gala meM svabhAva evaM vibhAva ye donoM paryAyeM hotI hai| 5. jala bhI pudgala kA vikAra hone se pudgalAtmaka hai, isalie sparzAdi sarva guNa jala meM hai| jala hI jinakA zarIra hai, ve jalakAyika jIva haiM; yaha to sabako mAnya hI hai / 6. isI prakAra havA, agni, pRthvI, vanaspati Adi bhI paudgalika haiN| vAyu, vAyukAyika jIvoM kA zarIra hai tathA agni, pRthvI, vanaspati Adi bhI una una jIvoM ke zarIra haiN| 63. prazna - sparzAdi guNoM kI kitanI aura kaunasI paryAyeM haiM ? uttara - sparzAdi guNoM kI kula 20 prakAra kI paryAyeM haiM; ve nimna prakAra haiM sparza guNa kI ATha paryAyeM - 1. snigdha, 2. rUkSa, 3. zIta, 4. uSNa, 5. halakA, 6. bhArI, 7. mRdu aura 8. kaThora / rasa guNa kI pA~ca paryAyeM - 9. khaTTA, 10. mIThA, 11. kaDuvA, 12. kaSAyalA aura 13. caraparA / gaMdha guNa kI do paryAyeM - 14. sugandha aura 15. durgandha / varNa guNa kI pA~ca paryAyeM - 16. kAlA, 17. nIlA, 18. pIlA, 19. lAla aura 20. sapheda /
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana pudgaladravya-vivecana 64. prazna - mAtra eka pudgala paramANu meM sparzAdi guNoM kI kitanI aura kaunasI paryAyeM hotI hai? uttara - AcAryazrI kundakunda ne paMcAstikAya grantha kI gAthA 81 meM isakA sAmAnya jJAna karAyA hai| AcAryazrI amRtacandra ne isI gAthA kI TIkA meM isakA spaSTa khulAsA kiyA hai| "sarvatra paramANu meM sparza-rasa-gandha-varNa sahabhAvI guNa hote haiM aura ve guNa, kramavartI nija paryAyoM sahita vartate haiN| vaha isaprakAra - 1. pA~ca rasaparyAyoM meM se eka samaya meM koI eka rasaparyAyasahita rasa vartatA hai| 2. pA~ca varNaparyAyoM meM se eka samaya meM kisI eka varNaparyAyasahita varNa vartatA hai| 3. do gandhaparyAyoM meM se eka samaya meM kisI eka gandhaparyAya sahita gandha vartatA hai| 4. zIta-snigdha, zIta-rUkSa, uSNa-snigdha aura uSNa-rUkSa - ina cAra sparzaparyAyoM ke yugaloM meM se eka samaya meM kisI eka yugalasahita sparza vartatA hai|" isakA spaSTa artha yaha hai ki sparzAdi kI 20 paryAyeM pudagala meM rahatI haiM; tathApi halkA-bhArI, komala-kaThora-ye sparza guNa kI cAra paryAyeM mAtra skandharUpa pudgala meM hI pAyI jAtI haiN| aisA samajhanA caahie| 65. prazna - pudgala ko jAnane se hameM kyA lAbha hote haiM? uttara - 1. pudgala ke sambandha meM jo ajJAna thA. usakA nAza hokara usakA jJAna hotA hai - yaha prathama lAbha hai| 2. sparzAdi kI paryAyeM, zarIra meM hone se apanA yaha zarIra, pudgalamaya hai - aisI jAnakArI ho jAtI hai| isa kAraNa svazarIra ke prati Asakti kA pariNAma zithila ho jAtA hai| 3. strI, putra, mitra, parivAra Adi kA zarIra bhI pudgalamay nAzavAna hai - aisA jAnane se vairAgyabhAva meM vRddhi hotI hai| 4. 'maiM cetanarUpa jIva hU~ aura zarIra nAzavAna haiM' - aisA jAnakara bhedajJAna kA bhAva udita hotA hai| 5. zarIra, pUraNa (puSTa honA) aura galana (naSTa honA) rUpa hai - aisA pakkA nirNaya hotA hai; isase vAstavika tattva arthAt Atmatattva kI mahimA AtI hai aura zarIra ke prati upekSAbhAva vyakta hotA hai| 6. sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa evaM zabda - ye saba jJeya padArtha sparzana Adi indriya ke viSaya haiM - aisA jJAna hone se sparzanendriya Adi se sambandhita indriyajJAna mAtra pudgala ko jAnatA hai; isalie indriyA~ AtmajJAna ke lie anupayogI hai - aisI pakkI zraddhA hotI hai| 7. pudgala zabda, pud aura gala - ina do zabdoM se milakara banA hai| 'pud' kA artha 'jur3anA' aura 'gala' kA artha 'bikharanA' hai| pudgalaskandhoM meM hamezA jur3anA aura bikharanA hameM dikhAI detA hai, vaha pudgala kA svataHsiddha svabhAva hai; usameM 'maiM kucha nahIM kara sakatA hU~' - aisA bodha hone se pudgala meM kucha pheraphAra karU~ - aise kartApane kA bhrama naSTa ho jAtA hai| 66. prazna - pudgala ke kitane bheda haiM? uttara - pudgala ke do bheda haiM - 1. paramANu aura 2. skandha / 67. prazna - paramANu kise kahate haiM? uttara - jisakA dUsarA Tukar3A arthAt vibhAga nahIM ho sakatA - aise sabase sUkSma (choTe) pudgala ko paramANu athavA aNu kahate haiN| 68. prazna - aNubama kA ina paramANuoM se koI sambandha hai kyA? uttara - nahIM, aNubama jinase banA hai; ve pudgala na aNu haiM aura na prmaannu| jinendrakathita aNu-paramANu to atyanta sUkSma haiN| vaijJAnikoM ko isa aNu-paramANu kA kucha patA hI nahIM hai| ve jinako aNu mAnate haiM, ve to ananta paramANuoM ke piNDarUpa skandha haiN| 69. prazna - paramANu ke bhI kucha bheda haiM kyA? uttara - paramANu ke bheda sambandhI kathana AcArya kundakunda ne niyamasAra (41)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana gAthA 25 meM kiyA hai; TIkAkAra munirAja padmaprabhamaladhArideva ne bhI thor3A vistAra kiyA hai - 'paramANu do prakAra kA hotA hai- 1. kAraNaparamANu 2. kAryaparamANu / ' jabaki isakI TIkA meM aura do bheda kiye gaye haiM - 3. jaghanya paramANu aura 4. utkRSTa paramANu / 70. prazna- paramANu sambandhI vizeSa jAnakArI ke lie Agama meM samAgata sandarbha kyA-kyA haiM? uttara - sarvArthasiddhi meM adhyAya 5 ke sUtra 25 kI TIkA meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne kahA hai 1. "eka pradeza meM honevAle sparzAdi paryAya ko utpanna karane kI sAmarthya - rUpa se jo 'aNyante' arthAt kahe jAte haiM, ve aNu kahalAte haiN| 82 tAtparya yaha hai ki aNu ekapradezI hone se sabase choTA hai, isalie vaha aNu kahalAtA hai| yaha itanA sUkSma hotA hai ki jisakA vahI Adi hai, vahI madhya hai aura vahI anta hai| kahA bhI hai 12. jisakA Adi, madhya aura anta eka hai tathA jise indriyA~ nahIM grahaNa kara sakatIM aisA jo vibhAgarahita dravya hai, use paramANu samajho / AcArya kundakunda ne niyamasAra gAthA 26 meM kahA hai - 3. "jo (pRthvI, jala, teja aura vAyu - ina) cAra dhAtuoM kA hetu hai, use kAraNaparamANu jAnanA cAhie tathA skandhoM ke avasAna ko (pRthak hue avibhAgI antima aMza ko) kAryaparamANu jAnanA caahie|" AcArya kundakunda ne hI paMcAstikAya gAthA 76 meM kahA hai - 4. "bAdara aura sUkSmarUpa se pariNata skandhoM ko 'pudgala' - aisA vyavahAra hai; ve chaha prakAra ke haiM, jinase tIna loka niSpanna hai|' 5. isI grantha kI gAthA 75 meM 'avibhAgI (jisakA dUsarA bhAga nahIM hotA) pudgala ko paramANu kahA hai|' AcArya jinasena ne harivaMzapurANa, sarga 7, zloka 32 meM kahA hai - (42) pudgaladravya - vivecana 6. "jo Adi, madhya aura anta se rahita hai, nirvibhAga hai, atIndriya hai, vaha mUrta hone para bhI apradeza- dvitIyAdika pradezoM se rahita hai, use paramANu kahate haiN| vaha paramANu, eka kAla meM eka rasa, eka varNa, eka gandha aura paraspara meM bAdhA nahIM karane vAle do sparzoM ko dhAraNa karatA hai, abhedya hai, zabda kA kAraNa hai aura svayaM zabda se rahita hai|" AkAza ke eka pradeza meM eka paramANu vyApatA hai athavA eka paramANu se vyApta AkAza ke vibhAga ko eka pradeza kahate haiN| AkAza ke eka pradeza meM mAtra eka paramANu hI sthAna / jagaha prApta karatA hai - aisA nahIM / eka pradeza meM do paramANu, tIna, cAra, pA~ca, saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta, ananta paramANu bhI sthAna prApta kara sakate haiN| isI taraha eka pudgala paramANu meM bhI anya aneka, asaMkhyAta, ananta paramANu ko bhI jagaha dene kI sAmarthya hotI hai; isalie pudgala ke pradeza saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta tathA ananta bhI kahe jAte haiN| 71. prazna skandha kise kahate haiM? uttara - do yA do se adhika paramANuoM ke bandha ko skandha kahate haiN| AcArya kundakundakRta paMcAstikAya grantha kI gAthA 75 kI TIkA meM amRtacandrAcArya ne kahA hai- 1. 'anantAnanta pudgala paramANuoM se nirmita hone para bhI jo eka ho, vaha 'skandha' nAma kI paryAya hai|' AcArya pUjyapAda ne sarvArthasiddhi zAstra meM kahA hai - 2. "jinameM sthUla rIti se pakar3anA, rakhanA Adi vyApara kA sambandha arthAt saMghaTanA hotI hai, ve skandha kahe jAte haiN| " tattvArthasUtra ke pA~caveM adhyAya ke 26veM sUtra meM AcArya umAsvAmI ne kahA hai - 3. "bheda, saMghAta tathA bheda aura saMghAta hna ina donoM se skandha utpanna hote haiN|" paramANuoM meM svAbhAvikarUpa se unake snigdha va rUkSa guNoM meM
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana hAni - vRddhi hotI rahatI hai| vizeSa anupAtavAle guNoM ko prApta hone para ve paraspara meM ba~dha jAte haiM, jisake kAraNa sUkSmatama se sthUlatama taka aneka prakAra ke skandha utpanna ho jAte haiN| 84 pRthvI, jala, prakAza, chAyA Adi sabhI pudgala skandha haiN| loka ke sarva dvIpa, candra, sUrya, svarga-naraka, tInaloka kI akRtrima racanAe~ Adi sabhI mahAna pudgala skandha, eka mahAskandha ke antargata haiM; kyoMki pRthakpRthak rahate hue bhI ye sabhI madhyavartI sUkSma skandha ke dvArA paraspara meM ba~dhakara eka haiN| skandha ke chaha bheda (udAharaNa ke sAtha) nimna prakAra haiMbhUmi, parvata, kASTa, pASANa Adi / tela, dUdha, jala Adi / 1. sthUla-sthUla skandha 2. sthUla skandha ghI, 3. sthUla sUkSma skandha chAyA, Atapa cA~danI, andhakAra Adi / 4. sUkSma-sthUla skandha- A~kha se na dikhanevAle aura cAra indriyoM se jAnane meM Ane yogya sparza, rasa, gandha, zabda / 5. sUkSma skandha - indriyajJAna ke agocara kArmaNavargaNArUpa skandha / 6. sUkSma-sUkSma skandha - kArmaNavargaNA se bhI sUkSma- dvyaNuka Adi choTe-choTe skandha / dharmadravya kA sAmAnya svarUpa 72. prazna - dharmadravya kise kahate haiM? uttara - svayaM gamana karate hue jIvoM aura pudgaloM ko gamana karane meM jo nimitta ho, use dharmadravya kahate haiN| jaise- gamana karatI huI machalI ko gamana karane meM pAnI nimitta hotA hai| 73. prazna - dharmadravya ke uparyukta kathana ke lie kucha zAstra kA AdhAra bhI hai kyA ? uttara - kyoM nahIM, aneka zAstroM kA samAdhAnakAraka AdhAra hai| (43) dharmadravyadravya - vivecana 85 jaise - sarvArthasiddhi grantha ke pA~caveM adhyAya ke sUtra 17 kI TIkA meM AcArya pUjyapAda kahate haiM - 74. prazna - 1. dharma aura adharma donoM dravya tulya balavAna haiM, ataH gati se sthiti kA evaM sthiti se gati kA pratibandha honA cAhie / uttara - nahIM; kyoMki ye (dharma-adharmadravya) donoM apreraka haiN| 2. jisaprakAra jagat meM pAnI machaliyoM ko gamana meM anugraha karatA hai, usIprakAra dharmadravya, jIva- pudgaloM ko gamana meM anugraha karatA hai| (nimittabhUta hotA hai) - aisA jAnanA caahie| 75. prazna dharmadravya ko jAnane se kyA lAbha hai? uttara - 1. aneka sthAnoM se maiMne aneka padArthoM ko ma~gavAyA hai, isameM maiM ma~gavA sakatA hU~' - aisA samajhanA asatya hai, yaha nizcita hotA hai; kyoMki kisI bhI dravya kA gamana / sthAnAntara, usa dravya kI kriyAvatI zakti (sthAnAntara karanerUpa zakti) se hotA hai aura usameM dharmadravya hI nimitta hai| maiM to vAstava meM nimitta bhI nahIM hU~ aisA patA calatA hai| 2. maiM apane hAtha-pairoM ko calA sakatA hU~- yaha bhAva bhramarUpa siddha hotA hai| lakavA lagane para to sabako aisA pakkA nirNaya hotA hI hai| hAtha-pairoM meM halana calana karane kI apanI svayaM kI zakti rahatI hai| calane meM dharmadravya nimitta rahatA hai tathA jIva kI icchA to gauNa nimitta hai| 3. yuvA geMda ko acchI taraha uchAla sakatA hai - yaha nimitta kI apekSA satya hone para bhI usa geMda kI apanI kriyAvatI zakti se yaha kArya huA hai tathA mukhya nimitta, dharmadravya hai aura gauNa nimitta, yuvA puruSa hai| 4. teja havA ke ( tUphAna ke) kAraNa aneka per3a gira gaye, bijalI ke khambhe Dhaha gaye, phasala naSTa ho gaI, makAna ke TIna ur3a gaye - yaha saba kathana, bAhya nimitta-sApekSa haiM; vAstavika mUla kAraNa to svayaM per3a, khambhe, phasala aura TIna meM hI haiM tathA mukhya nimitta, dharmadravya hai aura tUphAna bhI eka bAhya nimitta hai /
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________________ adharmadravya-vivecana jinadharma-vivecana 5. dharmadravya ke sambandha meM jo ajJAna thA, usakA nAza hotA hai aura yathArtha svarUpa kA jJAna hotA hai| 6. ajJAniyoM ke kartApradhAna kathana kI sahajarUpa se upekSA ho jAtI hai| 76. prazna - dharmadravya ko svIkAra na karane se kyA hAni hotI hai? uttara - dharmadravya ko svIkAra na karane se jIva-pudgala ke gamana karAne ke vikalpa se tathA tatsambandhI ajJAna ke kAraNa ajJAnI jIva svayaM dharmadravyarUpa banane kA mithyA abhimAna karatA hai, jisase vaha duHkhI hotA adharmadravya kA sAmAnya svarUpa 77. prazna - adharmadravya kise kahate haiM? uttara - svayaM gatipUrvaka sthitirUpa pariNamana karanevAle jIvoM aura pudgaloM ko Thaharane meM jo nimitta ho, use adharmadravya kahate haiN| jaise - calate hue pathika ko rukane meM vRkSa kI chAyA nimitta hotI hai| dharmadravya ke samAna adharmadravya ke sambandha meM bhI Agama meM aneka sandarbha haiM - 1. bhagavatI ArAdhanA, zloka 2139 meM kahA hai - "adharmadravya ke nimitta se siddha bhagavAna loka-zikhara para anantakAla taka nizcala Thaharate haiN|" 2. AcArya kundakunda, paMcAstikAya grantha kI gAthA 86 meM kahate haiM - "jisaprakAra dharmadravya hai, usIprakAra adharma nAma kA dravya bhI jAno; parantu vaha (gatikriyApUrvaka) sthitikriyAyukta ko pRthvI kI bhA~ti kAraNabhUta hai arthAt sthitikriyApariNata jIva-pudgaloM ko nimittabhUta hai|" 3. zrI nemicandra siddhAntadeva ne dravyasaMgraha kI gAthA 18 meM kahA hai - "sthira hue pudgala aura jIvadravyoM ko sthira rahane meM sahakArI adharmadravya hai| jaise - musAphiroM ko chAyA, kintu vaha adharmadravya calate hue jIva aura pudgala, dravyoM ko kadApi roka nahIM sktaa|" 78. prazna - adharmadravya ko jAnane se hameM kyA lAbha hai? uttara - jaise - girate hue per3a ko maiMne sthira rakhA, gaDDhe meM girate hue AdamI ko maiMne girane se bacAyA, ityAdi prakAra ke ajJAna kA abhAva ho jAtA hai; kyoMki sthira honevAle padArtha apane kAraNa se sthira hote haiM, unake sthira hone meM adharmadravya pradhAna nimitta hai, sthira karane kI ceSTA karanevAle AdamI kA rAga, ceSTA Adi bhI aneka anya nimittoM meM eka nimitta hai - aisA yathArtha jJAna hotA hai| yahA~ dharmadravya ke lAbha ke samAna tarka ke AdhAra se adharmadravya ke bhI aneka lAbha ko jAna lenA caahie| 79. prazna - adharmadravya kI paribhASA meM se 'svayaM gatipUrvaka sthitirUpa pariNamana karanevAle' vAkyAMza ko nikAla diyA jAe to kyA Apatti hai? uttara - svayaM gatipUrvaka sthitirUpa pariNamana karanevAle jIvoM aura pudgaloM ko hI adharmadravya sthiti meM nimitta hai - aisI vizeSa maryAdA na rahane se sadaiva sthira rahanevAle dharmadravya, adharmadravya, AkAza dravya evaM kAladravya ko bhI sthiti meM adharmadravya kA nimittapanA mAnane kA prasaMga upasthita ho jAegA, jo tarka, yukti aura Agama ko sammata nahIM hai| 80. prazna - adharmadravya ko na jAnane se kyA hAni hotI hai? uttara - adharmadravya ko na jAnane ke kAraNa ajJAnI jIva, svayaM gatipUrvaka sthitirUpa pariNamana karanevAle jIva-pudgaloM ko ThaharAne meM nimitta hone kA vikalpa karatA huA mithyAbhimAna karatA hai tathA apane ko svayaM adharmadravya jaisA hI mAna letA hai arthAt mithyAtva kI puSTi karatA hai aura apanI hI mithyA mAnyatA se duHkhI rahatA hai| 81. prazna - dharma-adharmadravya kI paribhASA meM mAtra jIva aura pudgala - ina do dravyoM ko hI kyoM liyA hai? uttara - jIvAdi chaha dravyoM meM mAtra jIva aura pudgala hI gamanarUpa aura gamanapUrvaka sthitirUpa pariNamana karate haiM; ataH ina do dravyoM ko hI liyA hai|
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________________ AkAzadravya-vivecana 89 88 jinadharma-vivecana 82. prazna - dharmadravya kI paribhASA meM 'svayaM gamana karate hue' zabdoM kA prayoga kyoM kiyA hai? uttara - gamanarUpa kArya to jIva aura padagala svayameva hI karate haiM. usa samaya dharmadravya mAtra usa kArya meM udAsInarUpa se nimitta hotA hai, vaha svayaM gamanarUpa kArya kA kartA nahIM - yaha batAnA hI AcAryoM kA abhiprAya hai; ataH paribhASA meM svayaM gamana karate hue' zabdoM kA prayoga kiyA hai| isI prakAra adharmadravya kI paribhASA meM prayukta 'svayaM gamanapUrvaka sthiti rUpa' zabdoM kA artha samajhanA caahie| 83. prazna - dharma tathA adharmadravyoM kI AkAza meM kyA sthiti hai? uttara - dharma tathA adharma, donoM dravya lokAkAza meM vyApaka tathA lokAkAza pramANa haiN| ve svatantra, arUpI aura anAdi-ananta rahate hue sadA zuddha hI rahate haiN| 84. prazna - jinavANI meM dharma-adharmadravya ko samajhAne ke lie 'machalI ko gamana karane meM pAnI' aura 'pathika ko vRkSa kI chAyA' Adi udAharaNa bhI vahI ke vahI diye jAte haiM. inakA kathana bhI bahata hI alpa mAtrA meM hai; inheM adhika vistAra se aura aneka udAharaNoM se kyoM nahIM samajhAyA gayA hai? uttara - dekho! AcAryoM ko to mukhyarUpa se isa jIva ko dharma/sukha kaise prApta ho - yahI samajhAnA hai; ataH pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAladravya kA jJAna bhI utanA anivArya nahIM hai; jitanA jIvadravya kA jJAna Avazyaka hai| ___ jIva ko samajhane ke lie hI jitanA pudgalAdi dravyoM kA jJAna anivArya hai, utanA hI ati Avazyaka viSaya samajhAne meM granthakartA AcAryoM ko rasa hai| jIvoM ko bhedajJAna karAnA mukhya prayojana hai| isakAraNa dharmAdika dravyoM kA jJAna bhI ati saMkSepa se karAte haiN| pudgala kI bhI saMkSepa meM hI jAnakArI dete haiN| jaise, jIva se sambandhita AhAravargaNA Adi pA~ca vargaNAoM kA kucha jJAna karAte haiN| kA kucha jJAna karAta hA jabaki vargaNAe~ to teIsa haiM, una sabakA ati saMkSepa meM hI jinavANI meM nAmamAtra kathana kiyA gayA hai| AkAzadravya kA sAmAnya svarUpa 85. prazna - AkAzadravya kise kahate haiM? uttara - jo jIvAdika sabhI dravyoM ko rahane ke lie sthAna/jagaha detA hai; use AkAzadravya kahate haiN| AkAzadravya sarvavyApaka hai, sarvatra hai| AkAzadravya kI Agama sammata anya paribhASAe~ - AcAryazrI umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra ke 5veM adhyAya ke sUtra 4, 6, 7.18veM satra meM nimna prakAra AkAza kA jJAna karAyA hai1. "AkAzadravya nitya, avasthita aura arUpI hai tathA eka, akhaNDa niSkriya dravya hai aura avagAha denA isakA upakAra hai|" paMcAstikAya gAthA 90 meM AcArya kundakunda ne kahA hai - 2. "jIvoM ko aura pudgaloM ko vaise hI zeSa samasta dravyoM ko jo sampUrNa avakAza detA hai, vaha AkAzadravya hai|" dhavalA, pustaka 4, pRSTha 7 para AyA hai - 3. "AkAza sapradezI hai aura vaha Upara, nIce aura tirache sarvatra phailA huA hai; use hI kSetra yA loka jAnanA caahie| jinendra bhagavAna ne use ananta kahA hai| AcArya kundakunda ne bArasa aNuvekkhA ke gAthA 39 meM kahA hai - 4. "jIvAdi chaha padArthoM kA jo samUha hai, use loka kahate haiM aura vaha adholoka, Urdhvaloka va madhyaloka ke bheda se tIna prakAra kA hai|" sarvArthasiddhi grantha meM pRSTha 210 para AyA hai - "jahA~ dharmAdi dravya viloke jAte haiM, use loka kahate haiM; usase bAhara sarvatra ananta alokAkAza hai|" 86. "prazna - loka kise kahate haiM? uttara - jisameM jIvAdi padArtha dekhe jAte haiM arthAt upalabdha hote haiM, use loka kahate haiN| (45) (45)
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________________ AkAzadravya-vivecana jinadharma-vivecana 87. prazna - AkAza ke kitane bheda haiM? uttara - yadyapi AkAza eka hI akhaNDa dravya hai; tathApi chaha dravyoM kI upasthiti va anupasthiti (AkAza kI upasthiti) ke kAraNa usake lokAkAza va alokAkAza - ye do bheda hote haiN| AkAza se sambandhita kucha mahattvapUrNa viSaya 1. khAlI jagaha ko AkAza kahate haiN| 2. AkAza ko eka, sarvavyApaka, akhaNDa, amUrtadravya svIkAra kiyA gayA hai| 3. AkAza, apane andara sarva dravyoM ko samAne (avagAhana) kI zakti rakhatA hai| 4. yadyapi AkAza akhaNDa dravya hai, parantu isakI vizAlatA kA jJAna karAne ke lie isameM pradezarUpa khaNDoM kI kalpanA kI jAtI hai| 5. AkAza svayaM to ananta hai; parantu isake madhyavartI kucha bhAga mAtra meM hI anya dravya avasthita haiM; isa bhAga kA nAma hI loka yA lokAkAza hai aura usase bAhara zeSa sarva AkAza kA nAma aloka yA alokAkAza hai| 6. AkAza kI avagAhanA zakti kI vicitratA ke kAraNa choTe se loka meM athavA isake eka pradeza para bhI anantAnanta dravya sthita haiN| 88. prazna - AkAzadravya ko jAnane se hameM kyA lAbha hai? uttara -1. AkAzaviSayaka ajJAna kA nAza hokara jJAna kI prApti hotI hai, yaha pramukha lAbha hai| 2. AkAza sambandhI anya darzanoM kI viparIta mAnyatA kA parihAra hotA hai| 3. rela athavA basa meM yA anya prasaMga meM bhI manuSya, iSTa vyaktiyoM evaM mitroM ko baiThane ke lie sthAna dekara maiMne bahuta bar3A kAma kiyA - aisI mithyA mAnyatA kA poSaNa karatA hai, parantu usakI yaha asatya mAnyatA naSTa hotI hai kyoMki; avagAhana denA to AkAzadravya kA kAma hai, usa kAma ko maiMne kiyA - aisA samajhakara svayaM jJAtA-dRSTA cetanarUpa jIva hote hue bhI abhiprAya meM apane ko AkAzadravya mAnatA hai, jo ki asatya hai| 4. asatyatA kA parihAra hone se jJAna kA jhukAva satya kI ora DhalatA hai aura Ananda prApta hotA hai| 5. AkAza dazoM dizAoM meM ananta hai - aisA pakkA vizvAsa hotA hai| 6. loka ke adholoka, madhyaloka, Urdhvaloka - aise tIna bheda haiN| isa camatkArI viSaya kA jJAna hone se sAttvika Ananda hotA hai| 7. zAstra ke alaukika viSayoM ko jAnane kI jijJAsA utpanna hotI hai| 8. jinadharma kI gambhIratA ko jAnane se jinendra bhagavAna kI mahimA AtI hai tathA sacce bhagavAna kI zraddhA bhI dRr3ha hotI hai| 89. prazna - AkAza kA bhI koI anya AdhAra honA cAhie? uttara - nahIM, vaha svayaM apane AdhAra para hai| usase adhika pramANavAle dUsare dravya kA abhAva hone ke kAraNa bhI usakA AdhArabhUta koI dUsarA dravya nahIM ho sktaa| yadi kisI dUsare AdhAra kI kalpanA kI jAe to usase anavasthA doSa kA prasaMga AegA, parantu svayaM apanA AdhArabhUta hone se vaha doSa nahIM A sakatA hai| (sarvArthasiddhi, pRSTha 210) 90. prazna - AkAza ko rahane ke lie kauna sthAna detA hai? uttara - AkAza se bar3A koI dravya nahIM hai; ataH AkAza hI AkAza ko rahane ke lie jagaha detA hai arthAt AkAza, AkAza meM hI rahatA hai| 91. prazna - AkAza ke samAna hI anya jIvAdi dravyoM ke rahane ke sambandha meM bhI aisA hI kyoM nahIM kahate? uttara - vAstava meM dekhA jAe to pratyeka dravya apane-apane meM hI rahatA hai| aisA hI saccA svarUpa hai, kintu AkAza sabase bar3A dravya hai; ataeva AkAza ne anya dravyoM ko rahane ke lie jagaha dI ha aisA vyavahAra hotA hai| (46)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 92. prazna - AkAzadravya ko nahIM mAnane se kyA hAni hotI hai ? uttara - jIvAdi dravyoM ko sthAna / avagAhana denevAle AkAzadravya ko jo nahIM mAneMge to laukika vyavahAra meM yaha jIva svayaM anya kisI ko svayaM sthAna dene kA vikalpa karatA huA vaha mithyAtva kA poSaNa karatA rahegA aura Agama arthAt ananta tIrthaMkarAdi jJAniyoM kA virodha karane kA mahApApa hotA rahegA, mokSamArga durlabha ho jAegA tathA nigoda jAne kA kArya calatA rhegaa| 92 kAladravya kA sAmAnya svarUpa 93. prazna - kAladravya kise kahate haiM? uttara - apanI-apanI avasthArUpa se svayaM pariNamate hue jIvAdika dravyoM ke pariNamana meM jo nimitta hotA hai use kAladravya kahate haiN| jaise, kumhAra ke cAka (cakra) ko ghUmane meM lohe kI kIlI / 94. prazna- kAladravya ke kitane aura kauna-kauna se bheda haiM? uttara - kAla ke do bheda haiM- 1. nizcayakAla aura 2. vyavahArakAla / lokAkAza ke pratyeka pradeza para sthita kAladravya yA kAlANu, nizcaya kAla haiM aura dina, rAta, mahinA Adi vyavahArakAla I tattvArthasUtra ke pA~caveM adhyAya, sUtra 22 kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA meM AcArya pUjyapAda likhate haiM "1. odana - pAka - kAla ityAdi rUpa se kAla saMjJA kA adhyAropa hotA hai, vaha usa saMjJA ke nimittabhUta mukhya kAla ke astitva kA jJAna karAtA hai; kyoMki gauNa yA vyavahAra, mukhya kI apekSA rakhatA hai| 2. paratva aura aparatva do prakAra kA hai kSetrakRta aura kAlakRta / prakRta meM kAlakRta upakAra kA prakaraNa hai, isalie kAlakRta paratva aura aparatva liye gaye haiN| ye saba vartanAdika upakAra, kAla ke astitva kA jJAna karAte haiN| " 95. prazna- kAladravya ke sambandha meM saMkSipta jAnakArI dIjie ? (47) kAladravya - vivecana uttara - kAladravya kA saMkSipta vivaraNa nimnaprakAra hai 1. kAladravya asaMkhyAta haiN| 2. kAladravya, ratnoM kI rAzi kI taraha eka-dUsare se pRthak rahate hue loka ke samasta pradezoM para alaga-alaga, eka-eka sthita haiN| 3. pratyeka kAlANu jar3a, ekapradezI aura amUrtika hai / 93 4. kAla meM sparzaguNa nahIM hai; isalie eka-dUsare ke sAtha milakara skandharUpa nahIM hotA / 5. kAla meM mukhyarUpa se yA gauNarUpa se pradezasamUha kI kalpanA nahIM ho sakatI; isalie use akAya bhI kahate haiN| 6. vaha niSkriya hai arthAt (kAladravya) eka pradeza se dUsare pradeza meM nahIM jAtA, usakA gamana nahIM hotaa| 96. prazna - asaMkhyAta kAladravya mAnane kA kyA kAraNa hai? uttara - tattvArthazlokavArtika grantha ke pA~caveM adhyAya ke 17veM sUtra kI TIkA meM AcArya vidyAnandi kahate haiM - "kAladravya aneka haiM; kyoMki eka hI samaya meM paraspara viruddha ho rahe aneka dravyoM kI kriyAoM kI utpatti meM nimittakAraNa haiM arthAt koI rogI ho rahA hai aura koI niroga ho rahA hai|" 97. prazna eka samayarUpa vyavahArakAla kise kahate haiM aura vaha kisa kAraNa se hotA hai? uttara - niyamasAra gAthA 31 kI TIkA meM zrI padmaprabhamaladhArI muni mahArAja ne isaprakAra kahA hai- "eka AkAzapradeza meM koI paramANu sthita ho, use dUsarA paramANu mandagati se lAMghe; utanA kAla vaha samayarUpa vyavahArakAla hai|" 98. prazna - kAladravya ko jAnane se hameM kyA lAbha hotA hai? uttara - kAladravya ko jAnane se hameM nimna lAbha prApta hote haiM1. kAladravya ke sambandha meM pracalita ajJAna kA nAza hotA hai aura sarvajJakathita kAladravya kA jJAna hotA hai|
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________________ 94 jinadharma-vivecana 2. kAladravya ke kAraNa hI hama subaha, dopahara aura zAma aise vyavahArakAla ko jAna sakate haiN| 3. maiM choTI umra kA, mAtAjI - pitAjI bar3I umra ke aura yaha bar3A bhAI, yaha choTI bahana - yaha vyavahArakAla kA upakAra hai| 4. abhI paMcamakAla cala rahA hai, isake bAda chaThavA~ kAla AegA; * aisA jJAna hotA hai| 5. bhUta, bhaviSya evaM vartamAna ke caubIsa tIrthaMkaroM kA jJAna hotA hai| 6. laukika vyavahAra meM nae-purAne padArthoM kA jJAna bhI hameM isI kAladravya (vyavahArakAla) ke kAraNa hI hotA hai| 7. isa duniyA meM sthita pratyeka padArtha meM jo parivartana hotA hai, usameM pramukha nimitta kAladravya hI hai| maiM athavA anya koI manuSya, padArtha-parivartana meM mukhya nimitta bhI nahIM haiM - aisA yathArtha jJAna hotA hai| - 8. kisI bhI vastu ke pariNamana meM maiM nimitta bhI nahIM hU~ to kartA hone kA prazna hI nahIM hai aise nirNaya se jIva ko akartA hone kA suvarNa avasara prApta hotA hai| akartA kaho athavA jJAtA, mokSamArgI bananA yA sukhI honA - ina sabakA eka hI artha hai| 9. kAladravya ke kAraNa hI yaha vizva, jIvAdi chaha dravya, jJAnAdi guNa, guNoM kI paryAyeM - anAdi se haiM aura anantakAla paryaMta niyama se hotI raheMgI hI aisA bodha prApta hotA hai| 10. apane dA~toM ko maiMne aneka prakAra ke maMjana ke prayoga se majabUta banAkara rakhA hai| usa AdamI ne apane dA~toM kI ThIka vyavasthA nahIM kI, isa kAraNa 50 varSa kI umra meM hI usake saba dA~ta gira gaye; yaha mAnyatA yogya nahIM hai| dA~ta kA apanI pAtratA / yogyatAnusAra bane rahanA athavA gira jAne kA kArya hotA hai| dA~ta ke sthira rahane meM kAladravya mukhya nimitta hai| Apake maMjana kA prayoga karanA vagairaha bhI dA~ta majabUta rahane meM gauNa nimitta haiN| (48) kAladravya - vivecana 99. prazna - bhAIsAhaba! paradravya ke pariNamana meM jIva ko athavA mujhe nimitta to rahane do! nimitta kA bhI niSedha kyoM karate ho? itanA kaThora honA acchA nahIM lagatA, niSedha kI bAta acchI nahIM lagatI / 95 uttara - padArthoM ke pratyeka pariNamana meM kAladravya hI mukhya nimitta hai - aisA ananta sarvajJa bhagavantoM ne batAyA hai; tathApi Apako nimitta hone kA vikalpa nahIM chUTatA to mata chodd'o| ajJAnI jIva, para-padArtha ke pariNamana meM maiM nimitta hU~; aisA mukha se to kahatA hai; tathApi abhiprAya meM apane ko usakA kartA mAnane kI mithyAtvarUpa tIvra vAsanA rakhatA hai| pratyeka dravya ke pariNamana meM upAdAnakAraNa (mUlakAraNa) to vaha dravya svayaM hai aura nimittakAraNa kAladravya hai aura anya bAhya nimitta anekAneka hote haiM aisA vastusvarUpa hai| kAladravya ke sambandha meM paMcAstikAya grantha kI gAthA 100-102 meM tathA unakI TIkAoM meM bhI acchA viSaya AyA hai; jijJAsu pAThaka ina prakaraNoM ko avazya dekheN| yadyapi kAla ko nimitta to mAnA gayA hai, tathApi isase use bAdhaka yA sAdhaka nahIM mAnA jA sktaa| sAdhAraNatayA paMcamakAla ko mukti ke lie bAdhaka mAnA jAtA hai - isa sambandha meM 'jinAgamasAra' ke pRSTha 288 kA praznottara, vizeSatayA upayogI jAnakara yahA~ prakaraNa ke anusAra acchA lagA; isalie Age de rahe haiM hra 100. "prazna - 'paMcamakAla meM mukti nahIM hotI' - zAstroM ke isa kathana kA kyA Azaya hai ? uttara - vAstava meM koI bhI kAla, mukti meM bAdhaka athavA sAdhaka nahIM hai| zAstroM ke ukta kathana kA Azaya yaha hai ki bharatakSetra kA jIva, isa kAla (paMcamakAla) meM tIvra puruSArtha ke abhAva meM moha-mukti, jIvanamukti athavA videha - mukti nahIM prApta kara sakatA; lekina dRSTi-mukti avazya prApta kara sakatA hai| tIvra puruSArtha kA abhAva, jIva kA apanA doSa hai; kAla kA nahIM /
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana zAstroM meM isI kAla (paMcamakAla) meM muni jambUkumAra Adi ke mokSa jAne kA ullekha bhI hai| sAtha hI videhakSetra ke muni ko, yadi koI pUrvabhava kA bairI isa bharatakSetra meM abhI le Ae to vaha muni, ugra puruSArtha ke bala se yahA~ se bhI isI paMcamakAla meM mokSa prApta kara sakatA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki mukti meM doSa, kSetra - kAla kA nahIM, balki svayaM kA hai|" gommaTasAra jIvakANDa gAthA 577 meM AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne kahA hai - "yaha vyavahArakAla, manuSyakSetra meM hI samajhanA caahie| manuSyakSetra ke andara hI jyotiSI devoM ke vimAna gamana karate haiM aura inake gamana kA kAla aura vyavahArakAla, donoM samAna haiN|" 96 harivaMzapurANa, sarga 7 ke zloka 10 meM kahA hai- "ye kAlANu, ananta samayoM ke utpAdaka hone se ananta bhI kahe jAte haiN|" 101. prazna - loka ke bAhara alokAkAza meM kAladravya kA abhAva hone se usakA pariNamana kaise hotA hai? uttara - jisaprakAra bahuta bar3e bA~sa ke eka bhAga ko hilAne para pUrA bA~sa hila jAtA hai athavA jaise, sparzana-indriya yA rasanA - indriya ke viSaya kA sukhada yA duHkhada anubhava, eka aMga meM karane para samasta zarIra meM sukha yA duHkha kA anubhava hotA hai; usI prakAra lokAkAza meM sthita jo kAladravya haiM, vaha AkAza ke eka deza meM sthita hai to bhI unake nimitta se sarva alokAkAza meM pariNamana hotA hai; kyoMki AkAza, eka akhaNDa dravya hai| 102. prazna- kAladravya ko na mAnane se kyA hAni hotI hai? uttara - kAladravya ko na mAnane se yaha ajJAnI jIva, svayaM pariNamana karate hue jIvAdi dravyoM ke pariNamana ko svayaM pariNamana karAne kA mithyAbhAva rakhatA hai| mAno vaha svayaM kAladravya hotA huA mithyAtva kA poSaNa karatA hai; usa kAraNa usase mokSamArga dUra calA jAtA hai| (49) kAladravya - vivecana 97 103. prazna chaha dravyoM kA vibhAjana kisa-kisa prakAra se ho sakatA hai ? uttara - 1. cetana-acetana kI apekSA 2. mUrta-amUrta kI apekSA, 3. kriyAvatI - bhAvavatIzakti kI apekSA tathA 4. pradezoM kI apekSA | ina cAroM kA khulAsA karate haiM - cetana-acetana (jIva- ajIva ) kI apekSA chaha dravyoM kA vibhAjana1. AcArya kundakunda, pravacanasAra grantha kI gAthA 127 meM kahate haiM - " dravya, jIva aura ajIva haiM; unameM jo cetanAmaya tathA upayogamaya haiM, ve jIva haiM aura pudgaladravyAdika acetana dravya, ajIva haiN|" 2. AcArya kundakunda hI paMcAstikAya zAstra kI gAthA 124 meM batalAte haiM- "AkAza, kAla, pudgala, dharma aura adharma dravyoM meM jIva ke guNa nahIM haiM; kyoMki unheM acetanapanA kahA hai tathA jIva meM cetanatA kahI hai| " 3. pA~coM paramAgama evaM anya granthoM meM prApta aliMgagrahaNa kI gAthA meM 'jIva ko cetanAguNavAlA' kahA hai| 4. zrI nemicandra siddhAntadeva viracita dravyasaMgraha zAstra ke maMgalAcaraNa meM hI kahA hai - "devendroM ke dvArA vandita jinavaravRSabha bhagavAna ne jIva aura ajIva dravyoM kA varNana kiyA hai|" 5. AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra grantha ke 5 veM adhyAya ke sUtra 1 se lekara sUtra 5 taka yahI siddha kiyA hai - "chaha dravyoM meM pA~ca dravya acetana haiM aura eka jIvadravya cetana hai|" mUrta-amUrta kI apekSA chaha dravyoM kA vibhAjana - 1. AcArya kundakunda ne paMcAstikAya gAthA 97 meM kahA hai- "AkAza, kAla, jIva, dharma aura adharma dravya amUrta haiM aura pudgaladravya mUrta hai; unameM jIva vAstava meM cetana hai|" 2. AcAryazrI umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra ke pA~caveM adhyAya ke pA~caveM sUtra
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________________ 98 jinadharma-vivecana - meM - 'rUpiNaH pudgalAH' isa sUtra ke dvArA 'pudgala mUrtika haiM' aisA kahA hai| 3. AcAryazrI nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne gommaTasAra jIvakANDa kI gAthA 563 - 564 meM kahA hai- "dravya ke sAmAnyatayA do bheda haiMeka jIvadravya, dUsarA ajIvadravya; inameM bhI pratyeka ke do-do bheda haiN| - eka rUpI dUsarA arUpI / jIvoM meM jitane saMsArI jIva haiM, ve saba rUpI haiM; kyoMki unakA karma - pud gala ke sAtha ekakSetrAvagAha sambandha hai| tathA jo jIva, karma se rahita hokara siddha avasthA ko prApta ho cuke haiM, ve saba arUpI haiM; kyoMki unase karmapudgala kA sambandha sarvathA chUTa gayA hai| ajIvadravyoM ke pA~ca bheda haiM- pudgala, dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kaal| inameM eka pudgaladravya rUpI hai aura zeSa dharma, adharma, AkAza, kAla- ye cAra dravya arUpI haiN|" kriyAvatI evaM bhAvavatIzakti kI apekSA chaha dravyoM kA vibhAjana - kriyAvatI zakti - eka kSetra se (AkAza ke eka pradeza se ) dUsare kSetra meM (AkAza ke dUsare pradeza meM) gamana karane kI sAmarthya ko kriyAva zakti kahate haiN| yaha zakti, mAtra jIva evaM pudgaladravya meM hai arthAt dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAladravya meM yaha kriyAvatI zakti nahIM hotI hai| isa sambandha meM tattvArthasUtra ke adhyAya 5, sUtra 7 evaM usakI TIkAoM AcArya pUjyapAda evaM AcArya akalaMkadeva vistAra se likhate haiM - niSkriyANi ca / // 7 // arthAt dharmAdika cAra dravya niSkriya haiN| 'antaraMga aura bahiraMga nimitta se utpanna honevAlI jo paryAya, dravya ko eka kSetra se dUsare kSetra meM prApta karAne kI kAraNa hai, vaha kriyA kahalAtI hai aura jo isaprakAra kI kriyA se rahita haiM, ve niSkriya kahalAte haiN| (50) sAmAnyadravya - vivecana 99 104. prazna - yadi dharmAdika dravya niSkriya haiM to unakA utpAda nahIM bana sakatA; kyoMki ghaTAdi kA kriyApUrvaka hI utpAda dekhA jAtA hai| aura utpAda nahIM banane se unakA vyaya bhI nahIM banatA; ataH saba dravya, utpAda Adi tIna rUpa hote haiM - isa kalpanA kA vyAghAta ho jAtA hai ? uttara - nahIM, kyoMki inameM bhI utpAda Adi tIna, anya prakAra se bana jAte haiN| yadyapi ina dharmAdika dravyoM meM kriyAnimittaka utpAda nahIM hai to bhI inameM anya prakAra se utpAda mAnA gayA hai| utpAda-vyaya do prakAra kA hotA hai - svanimittaka aura parapratyaya ke nimitta se / svanimittaka ke antargata pratyeka dravya meM AgamapramANa se ananta agurulaghuguNa ( zaktyaMza arthAt avibhAga-praticcheda) svIkAra kiye gaye haiM, jinakA SaTsthAnapatita vRddhi aura hAni ke dvArA vartana hotA rahatA hai; ataH inakA utpAda aura vyaya svabhAva se hotA hai| - isI prakAra parapratyaya ke nimitta se bhI utpAda aura vyaya hotA hai| jaise ye dharma-adharma aura AkAzadravya, krama se azva Adi kI gati, sthiti aura avagAhana meM kAraNa haiN| cU~ki unakI gati Adi meM kSaNa-kSaNa meM antara par3atA hai, isIlie inake kAraNa bhI bhinna-bhinna hone caahie| isa prakAra ina dharmAdi dravyoM meM bhI parapratyaya kI apekSA utpAda aura vyaya kA vyavahAra kiyA jAtA hai| 105. prazna- yadi dharmAdika dravya niSkriya haiM to ye jIva aura pudgaloM kI gati Adika ke kAraNa nahIM ho sakate; kyoMki jalAdi padArtha kriyAvAn hokara hI machalI Adi kI gati Adi meM nimitta dekhe jAte haiM, anyathA nahIM? uttara - yaha koI doSa nahIM hai; kyoMki cakSu-indriya ke samAna ye balAdhAna meM nimittamAtra hai; jaise - cakSu-indriya, rUpa ko grahaNa karane meM nimittamAtra hai; isalie jisakA mana vikSipta hai, usake cakSu-indriya ke rahate hue bhI rUpa kA grahaNa nahIM hotA; usI prakAra isa prakaraNa meM samajha
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________________ 100 jinadharma-vivecana lenA caahie| isaprakAra adhikAra prApta dharma, adharma aura AkAza ( evaM kAla) dravya ko niSkriya mAna lene para jIva aura pudgala sakriya haiM; yaha apane-Apa prakaraNa se siddha ho jAtA hai|" bhAvazakti- jIvAdi dravya meM pratisamaya pariNamanarUpa kArya hotA hai, use bhAvavatI zakti kahate haiN| isa zakti kA vizeSa spaSTIkaraNa paMcAdhyAyI, adhyAya dUsarA, zloka 25-27 ke artha evaM bhAvArtha meM AyA hai, vaha isaprakAra hai - "bhAva aura kriyAvAn padArthoM ke nAma jIva aura pudgala - ye donoM dravya, bhAva aura kriyA donoM se yukta haiM tathA sabhI chaha dravya, bhAvavatIzakti vizeSa se yukta haiN| kriyA aura bhAva kA lakSaNa jo pradezoM ke halana calanarUpa parispanda hotA hai, vaha kriyA kahalAtI hai aura pratyeka vastu meM honevAle pravAharUpa pariNamana ko bhAva kahate haiN| yaha bAta asambhava bhI nahIM hai; kyoMki sabhI padArtha, prati samaya pariNamana karate rahate haiM; unameM se kitane hI dravya kadAcit pradeza- calanAtmaka bhI dekhe jAte haiN| yahA~para padArthoM meM do prakAra kI yogyatA kA vicAra kiyA gayA haieka kriyArUpa aura dUsarI bhAvarUpa / pradeza- calanAtmaka yogyatA kA nAma kriyA hai aura pariNamanazIla yogyatA kA nAma bhAva hai- ina donoM meM yaha antara hai ki kriyA meM pradezoM kA parispanda dekhA jAtA hai, para bhAva meM paryAyAntararUpa honA hI vivakSita hai| kriyArUpa yogyatA to kevala jIva aura pudgala ina do dravyoM meM hI hotI hai; para dUsarI prakAra kI yogyatA chahoM dravyoM meM pAyI jAtI hai| isI kAraNa tattvArthasUtra meM chahoM dravyoM ko utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya svabhAvavAlA mAna karake bhI dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla - ina cAra dravyoM ko niSkriya mAnA gayA hai| (51) sAmAnya dravya - vivecana 101 isaprakAra jIva aura pudgala, ye donoM prakAra kI yogyatAvAle tathA zeSa cAra dravya, kevala bhAvarUpa yogyatAvAle siddha hote haiN| para yaha kriyArUpa yogyatA ayogI jIvoM ke aura siddhAlaya meM sthita siddha jIvoM ke nahIM pAyI jaatii| itanA vizeSa hai aura mukta hone para jIva kA yadyapi Urdhvagamana dekhA jAtA hai, para taba bhI unake pradezoM meM cAMcalya nahIM hotaa|" samayasAra zAstra kI TIkA likhate samaya AcAryazrI amRtacandra ne 47 zaktiyoM kA varNana kiyA hai| vahA~ bhAvazakti kA artha isa prakaraNa se alaga hai| pradeza kI apekSA jIvAdi dravyoM kA vibhAjana - isake pahale bhI pradeza kI paribhASA batAI gaI hai; tathApi yahA~ astikAya evaM akAya ke sandarbha meM pradeza kI paribhASA phira se batAI jA rahI hai| 1. pradeza kI vyutpatti tattvArthasUtra ke adhyAya 2 ke 38veM sUtra kI TIkA meM AcAryazrI pUjyapAda ne nimnAnusAra batAI hai - "pradizyante iti pradezAH paramANavaH / arthAt eka paramANu jitane sthAna para dikhAI detA hai, vaha pradeza hai| " 2. pravacanasAra kI gAthA 140 kI TIkA meM AcArya amRtacandra pradeza sambandhI kahate haiM- "eka paramANu jitane AkAza ke bhAga meM rahatA hai, utane bhAga ko 'AkAzapradeza' kahate haiM aura vaha sUkSmarUpa se (pariNata jagata ke) samasta paramANuoM ko avakAza dene meM samartha hai| " 3. kaSAyapAhur3a meM bhAga 2/22/12/7/10 meM AcAryazrI guNadhara ne kahA hai- "jisakA dUsarA hissA nahIM ho sakatA - aise AkAza ke avayava ko pradeza kahate haiN|" AkAza ke pradeza ke mAdhyama se hama yahA~ jIvAdi chaha dravyoM ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA jAnane kA prayAsa karate haiM arthAt kitane aura kaunakauna se dravya astikAya haiM aura kauna akAya haiN|
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________________ 102 jinadharma-vivecana sAmAnya dravya-vivecana 103 nemicandra siddhAntadeva viracita dravyasaMgraha zAstra kI gAthA 24 va 25 ke anusAra astikAya kA lakSaNa evaM unakI pradeza saMkhyA isaprakAra hai - "jIva, pudgala, dharma, adharma aura AkAza - ye pA~ca dravya haiM, isalie inheM 'asti' kahA jAtA hai aura kAya kI bhA~ti bahupradezI haiM, isalie inheM 'kAya' kahate haiN| isa prakAra se ye pA~ca dravya 'astikAya' haiN| kAlANu eka-eka pradeza vAlA hotA hai; isalie isakI kAya saMjJA nahIM hai, usameM kAyapanA nahIM hai, isa kAraNa se use astikAya meM nahIM ginA jaataa|" tAtparya yaha hai - 1. pratyeka jIva, samasta lokAkAza meM prasArita ho sakatA hai aura lokAkAza ke asaMkhyAta pradeza haiM; isalie jIva bhI asaMkhyAta pradezI hai| 2-3. dharma aura adharma bhI samasta lokAkAza meM tila meM tela kI bhA~ti vistRta haiM, isalie ve donoM dravya bhI asaMkhyAta pradezI haiN| 4. AkAza ke ananta pradeza haiM; kyoMki AkAza lokAkAza ke bAhara bhI hai, usakI koI maryAdA nahIM hai| 5. pudgala ke ananta paramANu haiM, parantu eka paramANu svatantra bhI hotA hai aura do, cAra, bIsa, hajAra, lAkha Adi saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta paramANu milakara choTe-bar3e skandha banate haiN| isa kAraNa se pudgala ko saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta tathA ananta pradezI kahA jAtA hai| 6. kAlANu, eka-eka alaga-alaga svatantra rahatA hai, ve milakara skandha nahIM hote; isa kAraNa kAladravya kAyavAna nahIM haiM arthAt akAya hai| isI apekSA se zAstra meM inheM anastikAya bhI kahA hai| 106. prazna - jIvAdi dravyoM kA svarUpa jAnane se hameM kyA lAbha hai? uttara - jIvAdi dravya ko jAnane se hameM aneka lAbha hote haiM - 1. jIvAdi ananta dravyoM meM se kisI bhI eka dravya kI pUrNatA ke lie kisI anya dravya se kucha bhAga udhAra lenA bilakula Avazyaka nahIM hai; ataH maiM jIvadravya anAdi se paripUrNa hU~, mujhe kisI se kucha lenA Avazyaka nahIM hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra kI AtmA ne anya siddha bhagavantoM se kucha hissA udhAra liyA hogA tabhI pUrNa siddha bane hoMge - aisA bilakula nahIM hai| ve pururavA bhIla aura mArIca kI avasthA meM tathA isase pUrva kI anya avasthAoM meM bhI anAdikAla se svayameva hI paripUrNa the| samasta pudgala aura dharmAdi anya cAroM dravya bhI paripUrNa aura paradravyoM se nirapekSa hI haiM; ataeva kisI bhI dravya ko anya kisI bhI dravya kI aNumAtra kI bhI apekSA nahIM hai| 2. yadi kisI bhI jIvadravya athavA pudagalAdi pA~ca ajIvadravyoM meM se kisI bhI eka dravya kA kartA bhagavAna ko mAna liyA jAe to vizva, anAdi-ananta aura svayaMsiddha nahIM hotaa| isa Izvara-kartRtva kI mAnyatA kA AgamapramANa se virodha hone se ananta arahantAdi pA~ca parameSThiyoM se bhI virodha kA bhAva evaM mahA viparItatA kA prasaMga aaegaa| 3. jaba bhagavAna mahAvIra kA AtmA mArIci evaM pururavA bhIla kI avasthA meM thA, usa samaya bhI usa jIva meM tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra banane kI paryAya supta/gupta rIti se (bhaviSya ke garbha meM athavA zaktirUpa se) vidyamAna thii| merI bhaviSyakAlIna saMsAra kI zeSa avasthAe~ tathA AgAmI siddhaparyAya Aja bhI mere meM nizcitarUpa se hai - aisA sahaja hI vizvAsa utpanna hotA hai| 4. jIvAdi sabhI dravyoM meM paraspara bhinnatA kA bodha jAgRta hotA hai - * jIva cetana hai aura pudgalAdi pA~coM dravya acetana haiN| * dharmadravya gamana meM nimitta hai to adharmadravya Thaharane meM nimitta haiN| pudgaladravya rUpI hai, zeSa sabhI dravya arUpI haiN| (52)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 105 kAlANu aura paramANu ekapradezI haiM to skandharUpa pudgala, jIva, dharma, adharma aura AkAzadravya anekapradezI haiN| jIva aura pudgala sakriya arthAt kriyAvAna haiM, zeSa sabhI dharmAdi cAroM dravya niSkriya haiN| isaprakAra aneka prakAra kI vibhinnatAe~ evaM virodha dikhAI dene para bhI anAdikAla se anantAnanta dravya avirodha rIti se isa loka meM rahate A rahe haiM aura anantakAla taka sAtha-sAtha hI raheMge; ataH hama manuSyoM ko bhI Apasa meM kucha matabheda hoM to bhI Ananda se sAtha-sAtha rahanA caahie| 5. pratyeka dravya kA apanA abhedya svarakSA kA surakSA kavaca hai, jisake kAraNa koI dravya kisI anya dravya meM praveza kara hI nahIM sakatA hai to kauna, kisakA acchA yA burA kaise kara sakegA? / jaba maiMne Apake ghara meM praveza hI nahIM kiyA to Apake ghara se kucha lUTakara/curAkara le gayA - yaha kaise sambhava hai? ataH koI bhI dravya kisI kA acchA-burA karatA yA karAtA hai - yaha mAtra bhrama hai| jaise, ghar3I Adi vATara-prUpha, phAyara-prUpha Adi rahatI haiM; vaise hI jIvAdi pratyeka dravya, anya ananta dravyoM se svatantra hI rahate haiM, kisI kA kisI meM praveza nahIM hai| 6. pratyeka jIva ananta guNoM kA bhaNDAra hai, cAhe vaha naraka kA jIva ho yA nigoda kA, pazu-pakSI ho yA kIr3A-makor3A, rAjA ho yA raMka, par3hA-likhA ho yA anapar3ha, hAthI ho athavA cIMTI, bar3A vRkSa ho yA laghu vanaspati / sabhI jIva samAnarUpa se guNoM ke bhaNDAra hI haiM, koI choTAbar3A hai hI nhiiN| siddha bhagavAna kA jIva ho athavA eka zvAcchocchvAsa meM 18 bAra maranevAlA jIva ho; sabhI jIva, jIva dravya kI apekSA samAna hI haiM; kyoMki donoM meM ananta-ananta guNa haiN| ukta kathana jIvadravya kI apekSA se kiyA gayA hai, isI taraha pudgala ke pratyeka paramANu ke sambandha meM bhI samajha lenA caahie| dharma, adharma sAmAnya dravya-vivecana aura AkAzadravya meM bhI ananta-ananta guNa hote haiN| kAladravya, paramANu ke AkArarUpa haiM, ataH unheM kAlANu bhI kahate haiN| lokAkAza ke pratyeka pradeza para eka-eka kAlANu sthita hai; inake nimitta se hI anya dravyoM meM pariNamana hotA hai| pratyeka kAlANu meM bhI ananta-ananta guNa hote haiN| 7. dravya kA svarUpa jAnane se nija bhagavAna AtmA kI mahimA AtI hai; kyoMki AtmA bhI eka svayaMsiddha, ananta guNoM kA bhaNDAra jIvadravya hai| AtmA kI mahimA AnA aura anya dravyoM kA AkarSaNa miTa jAnA - eka hI sikke ke do pahalU haiM; ataH apanI AtmA kI mahimA Ate hI anya dravyoM kA AkarSaNa miTa jAtA hai - yaha sahaja siddha hai| 107. prazna - hameM kauna-sA kAma pahale karanA cAhie? apanI AtmA kI mahimA lAnA athavA anya dravyoM kA AkarSaNa miTAnA? uttara - bhAI! jo kAma hamAre AdhIna aura hamAre hAtha meM ho, use hI karanA buddhimAnI hai| anya dravyoM kA AkarSaNa miTanA to svayameva ho jAnevAlA kArya hai, usameM karanA kyA hai? jaba hama Agama ke avalambana, guru ke upadeza aura svayaM ke cintana/manana ke sAtha yuktipUrvaka nija AtmA ko sarvaprathama jAneMge to nizcitarUpa se AtmA kI mahimA AegI hI; ataH hameM sabase pahile AtmA ke svabhAva kA jJAna karAnevAle zAstroM kA adhyayana karanA caahie| zAstra adhyayana ke lie hameM satsamAgama bhI bahuta upakArI hai| 108. prazna - Apa AtmA kI mahimA kI hI bAta kyoM karate haiM? paMca parameSThI kI mahimA kI bAta kyoM nahIM karate? ___uttara - jise paMca parameSThI kI mahimA AtI hai arthAt jinakI zraddhA meM paMca parameSThI hI sarvopari haiM, unake lie hI Age kI yaha carcA hai| jinheM abhI paMca parameSThI ko chor3akara anya rAgI-dveSI devI-devatAoM kI mahimA AtI hai; unheM to sacce deva-zAstra-guru kA nirNaya hI sarvaprathama karanA hI caahiye| hamane pUrva prazna ke uttara meM Agama kA abhyAsa aura guru ke (53)
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________________ 106 jinadharma-vivecana upadeza se AtmA ko jAnane kI bAta bhI kahI hai| Apako bhI hamArI vivakSA samajhane kA prayAsa karanA caahie| 109. prazna- jaba deva zAstra-guru kI mahimA karate-karate hI AtmA kI mahimA AegI to Apa dravya kA svarUpa jAnane se AtmA kI mahimA AtI hai - aisA kyoM samajhA rahe haiM? uttara - bhAI ! prathamAnuyoga aura caraNAnuyoga meM deva -zAstra-guru kI vizeSa mahimA kI bAta kI jAtI hai| jabaki yahA~ dravyAnuyoga ke anusAra kathana cala rahA hai| yahA~ to AtmA hI sarvopari hai| kucha kAla ke lie sahI, paMca parameSThI ko atizaya vinayapUrvaka gauNa karake apanI bhagavAna AtmA kI atizaya upAdeyabuddhipUrvaka nizcaya samyagdarzana - samyagjJAna prApta karake hI Atma-kalyANa sambhava hai| 110. prazna - yaha kaise ? kucha samajha meM nahIM AyA ? uttara - samajha lIjie ki tIrthaMkara bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM aneka munirAja unake darzana aura divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se upadeza sunane ke lie gaye haiN| inameM se kucha muni mahArAja usI samavasaraNa meM baiThe-baiThe hI kevalajJAna prApta kara lete haiN| batAie ki munirAjoM ko kevalajJAna prApta hone meM - 1. bhagavAna kI divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se upadeza sunanerUpa kArya, 2. tIrthaMkara bhagavAna kA darzana karanerUpa kArya aura 3. nija zuddhAtmA kA dhyAna karanerUpa kArya - ina tInoM meM se kauna-sA kArya karate-karate kevalajJAna kI prApti huI? sAmAnya abhyAsI zrAvaka bhI kahegA ki AtmadhyAna karate-karate hI munirAja ko kevalajJAna kI prApti huii| isakA spaSTa artha yaha huA i kevalI bhagavAna banane ke lie AtmA kA dhyAna hI upayogI arthAt kAryakArI hai| vAstava meM dekhA jAe to jise mokSa kI prApti karanA hai, use mAtra nija zuddha AtmA kA dhyAna karanA hI ekamAtra upAya hai, anya koI (54) sAmAnya dravya-vivecana 107 - upAya nahIM hai| jaba AtmadhyAna hI ekameva upAya siddha huA to paMca parameSThI sahaja hI gauNa ho gae aisA viSaya spaSTarUpa se samajha meM A jAtA hai| Apa yaha spaSTa samajha leM ki aisA karane se paMca parameSThI kI avinaya kadApi nahIM hotI hai, balki atizaya vinaya pradarzita hotI hai; kyoMki unhoMne svayaM yaha kArya kiyA hai tathA unakA svayaM kA upadeza bhI yahI hai ki hamane isI vidhi se apanA kalyANa kiyA hai aura tuma bhI isI vidhi se apanA kalyANa karo / 111. prazna - mokSa kI prApti kA ekamAtra upAya 'AtmadhyAna' hI hai - yaha to Apane yukti se siddha kara diyA, kyA isake lie koI zAstra kA AdhAra bhI hai? uttara - kyoM nahIM hai, viSaya kI prAmANikatA ke lie nimna prakAra zAstrAdhAra prastuta haiN| AcArya zrI pUjyapAdasvAmI ne 'samAdhizataka' grantha meM zloka 31 dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai - yaH paramAtmA sa evA'haM yo'haM saH paramastataH / ahameva mayopAsyo, nA'nyaH kazciditi sthitiH / / arthAt jo paramAtmA hai, vaha hI maiM hU~ aura jo maiM hU~, vaha hI paramAtmA haiN| isa kAraNa maiM hI mere dvArA upAsya hU~, dUsarA koI upAsya nahIM hai - yaha hI vAstavika sthiti hai / granthAdhirAja samayasAra kI prathama gAthA kI TIkA karate samaya AcArya zrI amRtacandradeva ne bhI dhyeyasvarUpa nija bhagavAna AtmA ko bimba batAyA hai aura ananta siddhoM ko pratibimba kahA hai / samayasAra meM aneka gAthAoM evaM kalazarUpa zlokoM meM tathA paramAtmaprakAza Adi granthoM meM isI viSaya ko punaH punaH kahA gayA hai| hameM sUkSmatA evaM bahumAna se tathA AtmakalyANa kI bhAvanA se adhyAtma granthoM kA svAdhyAya karanA Avazyaka hai, isase viSaya pUrNataH spaSTa ho jAtA hai| isaprakAra yahA~ dravya-vivecana 89 praznottara ke sAtha pUrNa hotA hai| *
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________________ guNa-vivecana guNa-vivecana aba yahA~ se guNa kA vivecana prArambha hotA hai| yadyapi pahale dravyavivecana meM bhI guNa kI paribhASA dI gaI hai, paryAya evaM dravya ke sAtha guNoM ke sambandha meM bhI kucha likhA gayA hai; tathApi aba yahA~ guNa kA svatantra prakaraNa likhate haiN| cU~ki yahA~ guNa ke sambandha meM vistArapUrvaka likhanA hai| isa kAraNa yahA~ phira se guNa kI paribhASA denA anivArya ho gayA hai| pAThakoM ko viSaya acchI rIti se AtmasAt ho - isa bhAvanA se yahA~ punarAvRtti ho rahI hai, use doSa na jAneM - yaha nivedana hai| 112. prazna - dravya-vivecana ke pazcAt guNa kA svarUpa samajhanA kyoM Avazyaka hai? uttara - dravya kI paribhASA meM 'guNoM kA samUha' yaha vAkyAMza AyA hai; isa kAraNa se guNa kyA haiM? - aisA prazna svAbhAvika hI mana meM utpanna hotA hai; ataH dravya ke svarUpa ko vistArapUrvaka samajhane ke turanta bAda guNa ke svarUpa ko jAnane kI jijJAsA udita honA svAbhAvika bhI hai| 113. prazna - guNa kise kahate haiM? uttara - jo dravya ke sampUrNa bhAgoM meM aura usakI sampUrNa avasthAoM meM rahate haiM, unheM guNa kahate haiN| 114. prazna - dravya meM guNa kisa prakAra rahate haiM? uttara - dravya meM guNa kisa prakAra rahate haiM - yaha tathya dRSTAnta dvArA samajhAne kA prayAsa karate haiN| jaise - koI dhanavAna manuSya, garmI ke dinoM meM 20 vastuoM ko milAkara ThaNDAI banAtA hai| usa ThaNDAI meM choTI suI ko Dubokara nikAlA jaae| phira isa suI ke agrabhAga para lagI huI ThaNDAI ko apanI jIbha para rakhakara svAda lene ko kahA jAe aura Apase pU~chA jAe ki suI kI noka para vyApta ThaNDAI ko cakhane para kitane padArthoM kA svAda AyA? ApakA sahaja uttara AegA ki jitane padArthoM se milAkara ThaNDAI banI hai, utane sabhI padArthoM kA svAda AyA arthAt eka sAtha usa atyalpa ThaNDAI meM bhI 20 padArthoM kA svAda A gayA; usIprakAra jIvadravya athavA pudgaladi dravyoM ke eka-eka pradeza para bhI niyama se ananta-ananta guNa eka hI sthAna para hote rahate haiN| 115. prazna - 'guNa, dravya ke sampUrNa bhAgoM meM rahate haiM' - isakA kyA Azaya hai? uttara - guNa aura dravya kA kSetra eka hI hai, kisI kA choTA yA bar3A nahIM hai; unheM eka-dUsare se alaga bhI nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| isaprakAra guNa aura dravya kI kSetra sambandhI akhaNDatA kA jJAna hotA hai| dharma-adharmadravya lokAkAza meM sarvatra (tila meM tela ke samAna) arthAt lokAkAza ke pratyeka pradeza meM vyApta haiN| lokAkAza kA eka pradeza bhI dharma-adharmadravya se rahita nahIM hai, sahita hI hai tathA dharma-adharmadravya kA jitanA kSetra hai, utanA hI kSetra gatihetutva, sthitihetutva ityAdi guNoM kA bhI hai| yahI 'dravya ke sampUrNa bhAga' se tAtparya hai| 116. prazna - yadi dravya ke kucha kSetra (hisse/bhAga) meM guNa na hoM to kyA Apatti hai? uttara - Apatti hI Apatti hai| dravya ke jisa kSetra (vibhAga) meM guNa nahIM hoMge to vahA~ dravya bhI nahIM rahegA; kyoMki guNoM ke samUha ko hI to dravya kahate haiN| yadi vahA~ guNa nahIM ho to vahA~ dravya bhI kaise hogA? ___ jaise, jisa lokAkAza ke kSetra meM dharmadravya to rahegA, lekina gatihetutva guNa nahIM rahegA to vahA~ ke jIva-pudgaloM ke gamana meM dharmadravya kaise nimitta hogA? guNoM ke binA dravya kA astitva hI zakya nahIM hai| isalie guNa, dravya ke sampUrNa kSetra meM rahate hI haiM - aisA hI vastusvarUpa hai, use avazya svIkAranA caahie| jaise, mere hAtha meM yaha pustaka hai, yaha pudgaladravya hai| pudgaladravya meM (55)
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________________ 110 jinadharma-vivecana sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa - ye cAra vizeSa guNa pAye jAte haiN| yadi hama pustaka ke eka kone meM sparza, dUsare meM rasa, tIsare meM gandha aura cauthe meM varNa guNa mAneMge to guNa tathA dravya kI kSetra sambandhI akhaNDatA naSTa ho jAegI; ataH hameM pustakarUpa pudgaladravya ke pratyeka aNu-aNu meM sparzAdi cAroM guNoM kI sattA svIkAranI hogI, tabhI guNa aura dravya kI kSetra sambandhI akhaNDatA siddha hogii| jaise- gur3a kA DhelA ho, usa Dhele ke mAtra UparI bhAga meM miThAsa ho aura andara ke bhAga meM miThAsa na ho to use gur3a kaise kahA jAegA? yadi miThAsa na ho to vaha gur3a na hokara miTTI kA DhelA hI bana jAegA; lekina aisA hotA hI nahIM / guNa to niyama se dravya ke saba bhAgoM meM rahate hI haiM, isalie guNa kI paribhASA meM spaSTa batAyA gayA hai ki guNa, dravya ke sampUrNa bhAgoM meM rahate haiM / isa kAraNa 'guNa, dravya ke sampUrNa bhAgoM meM rahate haiM' - yaha vAkyAMza dravya kI kSetra sambandhI akhaNDatA kA jJAna karAtA hai| hama Apa jIva haiM, jIva jJAnAdi 'guNamaya' haiM, jJAnAdi 'guNavAlA' nahIM hai| 'guNamaya' zabda meM to dravya aura guNa kA tAdAtmya sambandha samajha AtA hai| 'guNavAlA' kahane se dravya aura guNa kI bhinnatA kA hotA hai, isalie 'dravya guNamaya hai' - aisA jAnanA hI yathArtha hai| dravya kI guNamayatA ko spaSTa karane ke lie hI dravya ke sampUrNa bhAgoM meM guNa rahate haiM aisA kathana jJAniyoM ne kiyA hai| 117. prazna - guNa kI paribhASA meM ' (jo dravya kI) sampUrNa avasthAoM meM rahate haiN|' isa vAkyAMza kA kyA Azaya hai? uttara - guNa aura dravya traikAlika haiM, ataH guNa kA dravya meM kabhI abhAva nahIM hotA / isaprakAra guNa aura dravya kI kAla sambandhI akhaNDatA kA patA calatA hai| pustakarUpa pudgaladravya meM sparzAdi guNa kisI vizeSa samaya para hI rahate hoM arthAt mAtra rAtri meM hI rahate hoM, dina meM nahIM to isa mAnyatA se (56) guNa- vivecana 111 guNa aura dravya kI kAla sambandhI akhaNDatA khaNDita ho jAtI hai| pustakarUpa pudgaladravya meM anAdi se sparzAdi guNa rahate Aye haiM aura bhaviSya meM bhI anantakAla paryanta rheNge| yahI to guNa aura dravya kI kAla sambandhI akhaNDatA hai| jaise subaha to dravya meM ananta guNa rahate haiM aura dopahara meM atidhUpa ke kAraNa se guNoM kI saMkhyA kucha kama ho jAtI hai tathA rAta ko to andhere ke kAraNa dravya meM se guNa vizeSarUpa se kama ho jAte haiN| phira subaha punaH ananta guNa ho jAte haiM - aisA nahIM hotA / na 24 ghaNToM meM guNa hInAdhika hote haiM, na varSA-dhUpa- ThaNDa ke kAraNa guNoM kI saMkhyA kama-jyAdA hotI hai| anAdikAla se anantakAla paryanta pratyeka dravya meM ananta hI guNa rahate haiN| 118. prazna - prathamakAla, dvitIyakAla, tRtIyakAla, caturthakAla, paMcamakAla, SaSThakAla, bhogabhUmi, karmabhUmi, AryakhaNDa, mlecchakhaNDa ityAdi kAraNoM se to guNoM ke svarUpa meM bheda (antara ) to hotA hogA nA ? uttara- Upara kahA gayA hai ki anAdikAla se anantakAla paryanta pratyeka dravya meM ananta hI guNa rahate / hote haiM; ataH ukta kAraNoM se bhI guNa ke svarUpa meM kucha bhI antara nahIM hotA - aisA hameM nirNaya karanA caahie| 119. prazna- guNa kA jJAna karAnevAlI anya bhI aneka paribhASAe~ zAstra (Agama) meM haiM kyA? uttara - hA~ ! anya aneka paribhASAe~ haiM; unameM se nIce kucha paribhASAe~ de rahe haiM - 1. paMcAstikAya gAthA 10 kI TIkA meM AcArya amRtacandra ne guNa kI paribhASA dI hai- 'vastu ke anvayI vizeSa guNa haiM, jo ki dravya meM eka hI sAtha pravartate haiN|' 2. tattvArthasAra meM AcArya amRtacandra ne hI adhyAya 3, zloka 9 meM
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana guNa ke sambandha meM kahA hai- 'kisI dravya meM zakti kI apekSA se bheda kalpita karanA, yahI guNa zabda kA artha hai|' 3. kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM kArtikeyasvAmI ne gAthA 241 ke pUrvArddha meM likhA hai - 'jo dravya kA pariNAma sadRza (pUrva-uttara saba paryAyoM meM samAna) tathA anAdinidhana hotA hai, vahI guNa hai|' 112 4. munirAja zrI yogIndudeva ne paramAtmaprakAza gAthA 57 meM kahA hai - 'guNa to dravya meM sahabhAvI haiM, anvayI haiM, sadA nitya haiM; kabhI dravya se tanmayatA nahIM chodd'te|' 5. AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra meM adhyAya 5 ke sUtra 41 dvArA spaSTa kiyA hai - 'jo dravya ke Azraya se hoM aura svayaM dUsare guNoM se rahita ve guNa haiN|' aneka granthoM meM anya bhI aneka paribhASAe~ haiM una sabakA bhAva eka hI jaisA hone se vistArabhaya se mAtra yahA~ pA~ca hI paribhASAe~ dI haiN| 120. prazna guNa ko anya kina nAmoM se jinavANI meM kahA hai? uttara - pANDe rAjamalajI ne paMcAdhyAyI ke adhyAya 1 meM guNa ke aneka paryAyavAcI nAma diye haiM- 'zakti, lakSma, vizeSa, dharma, rUpa, guNa, svabhAva, prakRti, zIla aura AkRti - ye saba ekArthavAcI zabda haiN| arthAt ye saba vizeSa yA guNa ke paryAyavAcI nAma haiN|' 121. prazna guNa aura dravya meM paraspara kaunasA sambandha hai? uttara - guNa aura dravya meM cAra prakAra ke sambandha hai - 1. nitya tAdAtmyasiddha sambandha - guNa aura dravya meM zakkara aura miThAsa ke samAna nitya tAdAtmyasiddha sambandha hai, zakkara aura Dibbe ke samAna saMyogasambandha nahIM / dravya aura guNa ekarUpa haiM, tanmaya haiN| dravya se guNa ko athavA guNoM se dravya ko kabhI bhI alaga nahIM kiyA jA sktaa| mithyAdRSTi / ajJAnI jIva, jina padArthoM kA saMyoga sambandha hai, unake sAtha bhI tAdAtmya sambandha mAnatA hai, isa kAraNa duHkhI hotA hai| jaise - (57) guNa- vivecana 113 putra, mitra, patnI Adi pratyakSa meM hI bhinna haiN| unakI bhinnatA jAnane ke lie adhika sUkSma cintana kI bhI kahA~ AvazyakatA hai? yadyapi manuSya ko patnI kA saMyoga, vivAha ke kAraNa hotA hai, bAda putra kI prApti hotI hai; tathApi ajJAnI, strI-putra ko apanA hI mAnatA haiN| loka meM hama dekhate haiM ki pariNAmoM kI aisI vicitratA hai ki mAtA-pitA kA saMyoga to janma se rahatA hai; parantu vivAha ke bAda mA~bApa dUra ke ho jAte haiM aura patnI adhika najadIka kI ho jAtI hai| sahI dekhA jAe to ina sabhI kA saMyoga sambandha hI hai| dekho! isa jIva ko saMyogajanita padArtha ajJAna ke kAraNa vAstavika apane jaise lagane lagate haiM; isalie unake viyoga se use duHkha hotA hai| tathA jo jJAnAdi guNa vAstavika apane haiM, unako apanA nahIM mAnatA; isalie vAstavika sukha prApta nahIM hotA hai| satya bAta to yaha hai ki jJAnaguNa ke sAtha hI jIva kA tAdAtmya sambandha hai, jabaki krodhAdi vikArI pariNAmoM ke sAtha bhI jIva kA saMyoga sambandha hai / isa viSaya kA vivecana samayasAra gAthA 69-70 kI TIkA meM zrI amRtacandrAcAryadeva ne kiyA hai, use jarUra dekheM / jo apanA (jJAna) hai, vaha kabhI AtmA ko chor3akara jAtA nahIM aura jo (paradravya evaM krodhAdi vikArI bhAva) apane ko chor3akara cale jAte haiM, ve apane nahIM; yahI satyasvarUpa hai| 2. aMza aMzI sambandha - guNa ko vibhAga bhI kahate haiN| vibhAga aura aMza kA eka hI artha hai| isakA spaSTa artha hai ki guNa ko aMza bhI kaha sakate haiN| paMcAdhyAyI, pUrvArddha ke zloka 48 ke bhAvArtha meM aMza ko guNa kahA bhI hai| arthAt guNoM yA aMzoM ko jo dhAraNa karatA hai, use aMzI yA guNI arthAt dravya kahate haiM / tattvArthasUtra adhyAya 5, sUtra 34- 35 - 36 kI sarvArthasiddhi TIkA meM AcArya pUjyapAda ne guNa kA artha snigdha-rUkSarUpa sparzaparyAya kiyA hai, parantu vahA~ snigdha-rUkSarUpa zaktyaMzoM ko guNa kahA gayA hai|
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 3. Adheya- AdhAra sambandha - dravya aura guNa meM AdhAra-Adheya sambandha hai| dravya, AdhAra dene vAlA hai aura guNa, Adheya arthAt AdhAra lene vAle haiN| jaise- Tebala para zAstra rakhe haiM / yahA~ Tebala AdhAra hai aura zAstra Adheya haiN| 114 sarvArthasiddhi grantha ke adhyAya 5, sUtra 41 meM 'dravyAzrayA nirguNA guNAH' - yaha sUtra AyA hai| isa sUtra ke vizeSArtha meM paNDita phUlacandajI siddhAntazAstrI ke dvArA viSaya acchA spaSTa huA hai; isalie use hama yahA~ de rahe haiM - 'dravya ko 'guNa aura paryAyavAlA' batalAyA hai, isI se spaSTa hai ki guNa, dravya ke Azraya se rahate haiM arthAt dravya AdhAra hai aura guNa A haiM, para isase AdhAra aura Adheya meM kuNDa aura dahI ke samAna sarvathA bhedapakSa kA grahaNa nahIM karanA cAhie; kyoMki guNa, dravya ke Azraya se rahate hue bhI ve usase kathaMcit abhinna haiN| jaise- taila, tila ke saba avayavoM meM vyApta hokara rahatA hai; vaise hI pratyeka guNa, dravya ke sabhI avayavoM meM samAnarUpa se vyApta hokara rahate haiN|' 4. vizeSaNa- vizeSya sambandha saphedI aura zakkara meM vizeSaNavizeSya sambandha hai / guNoM ko vizeSaNa kahate haiM aura dravya vizeSya hai / adhika jAnakArI ke lie jijJAsu pAThaka, paMcAdhyAyI, adhyAya 1, zloka 38 se 43 dekheM / 122. prazna - guNa aura dravya meM kisa apekSA antara hai ? uttara- guNa aura dravya meM nimnAnusAra antara hai - 1. saMjJA (nAma) apekSA antara guNa kA nAma 'guNa' hai aura dravya kA nAma 'dravya' hai - isa taraha nAma (saMjJA) kI dRSTi se guNa aura dravya meM antara hai| 2. saMkhyA (gaNanA) kI apekSA antara - guNoM kI saMkhyA ananta hai| kisI bhI dravya meM niyama se guNa ananta hI hote haiM / ananta se kama (58) 115 guNoM ke samUha ko dravya nahIM kahate, ananta guNoM kA samUharUpa piNDa hI dravya hai| dravya eka hai| (jAti kI apekSA se dravya chaha haiM aura vizva meM eka-eka dravya ko bhinna-bhinna samajhanA cAheM to dravya anantAnanta haiM) yahA~ to guNa aura dravya kI saMkhyA kI apekSA vicAra cala rahA hai; isalie guNa ananta haiM aura anantaguNamaya dravya eka hai aisI apekSA jAnanA caahie| - 3. lakSaNa (svarUpa) kI apekSA antara guNa kA lakSaNa bhinna hai; jaise, 'jo dravya ke sampUrNa bhAgoM meM aura usakI sarva avasthAoM meM vidyamAna rahate haiM, unheM guNa kahate haiN|' jabaki dravya kA lakSaNa (svarUpa) bhinna hai; arthAt 'guNoM ke samUha ko dravya kahate haiN|' 4. prayojana kI apekSA antara- guNoM kI svatantratA kA jJAna karAne kA prayojana yaha hai ki dravya meM ananta guNa rahate haiN| pratyeka guNa svarUpa/kArya/lakSaNa bhinna-bhinna haiN| eka guNa, anya ananta guNoM ke sAtha rahate hue bhI apane svarUpa (lakSaNa) ko kabhI bhI nahIM chor3atA / jaise, jIvadravya meM jJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya, zraddhA, cAritra, kriyAvatI zakti, astitva Adi ananta guNa anAdikAla se jIva ke eka-eka pradeza meM anya ananta guNoM ke sAtha rahate hue bhI jJAnaguNa jAnane kA hI kAma karatA hai; vaha darzana, sukha Adi anya guNoM kA kArya nahIM karatA / yahI kAraNa hai ki kSAyika samyagdRSTi hone para bhI jIva cAritra meM apekSita vikAsa nahIM kara pAtA / isaprakAra guNoM kI paraspara svatantratA / svAdhInapanA samajhAne kA prayojana hai| isIprakAra pudgalAdi ke guNoM kA jJAna karAne kA bhI apanA prayojana hai - jaise, Ama eka pudgala kA skandha hai; usameM sparzAdi vizeSa tathA astitvAdi sAmAnya guNa ananta - ananta rahate haiM / Ama, yogya samaya para per3a para bar3A hotA hai| yadyapi kucha samaya taka bar3A hone kA kArya
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________________ 116 jinadharma-vivecana 117 to hotA hai; tathApi vaha harA rahatA hai, pakatA nahIM hai, usa samaya usakA rasa khaTTA rahatA hai, mIThA nahIM hotA / sparza bhI kaThora rahatA hai, mRdu sparza nahIM hotaa| gandha bhI apekSita sugandharUpa se pariNata nahIM hotaa| usake bAda kucha kAla vyatIta hone para Ama kA raMga pIlA to ho jAtA, lekina rasa mIThA na hokara khaTTA hI banA rahatA hai; ataH pIlA raMga hone para rasa mIThA hI honA cAhie - yaha niyama nahIM bana sakatA; kyoMki raMga (varNa) guNa meM anukUla avasthA hone para bhI rasa guNa meM mIThApana nahIM AyA hai| ___ isa taraha pratyeka guNa evaM usakA pariNamana svatantra batAne kA prayojana guNa kA jJAna karAne ke pIche chipA hai| isIprakAra dharmAdi dravyoM ke sambandha meM bhI samajhanA caahie| mUlabhUta vivAda (jhaMjhaTa) jIva evaM pudgaladravya ke sAtha hI rahatA hai, kyoMki ina donoM meM hI vibhAvabhAva (viparIta pariNAma) hote haiN| dharmAdi dravyoM kA pariNamana hamezA zuddharUpa hI rahatA hai| 123. prazna - jisaprakAra Apane gaNoM kA jJAna karAne kA prayojana batAyA hai, usIprakAra dravya kA jJAna karAne kA bhI kyA kucha prayojana hai? yahA~ koI kahegA ki mujhe to mAtra sukha se prayojana hai| zraddhA ko samyakpa banAo yA AtmamagnatArUpa cAritra meM bhI apekSita vikAsa karate raho - ina saba bAtoM se hamArA kyA prayojana hai? uttara - dekho! sabhI guNoM kA piNDarUpa jIvadravya eka hai| jIva ke eka-eka pradeza meM ananta-ananta guNa virAjamAna haiN| Apa mAtra ananta sukha kI apekSA rakhoge to yaha sambhava nahIM hai| jIva ke sabhI guNoM meM arthAt guNoM ke samUharUpa dravya meM yathAyogya mokSamArga evaM mokSa ke lie parivartana Avazyaka hai| Agama meM yaha bhI kathana AyA hai ki koI eka hI guNa mokSamArgarUpa nahIM hotA / dRSTi samyak hote hI ananta guNoM meM samyakpanA, AtA hai; isalie dravya se guNa kathaMcit hI svatantra haiM, sarvathA svatantra nahIM haiN| guNa-vivecana jaise, laukika meM koI kahegA ki mujhe to Ama kA mAtra mIThA-mIThA rasa hI caahie| isake sAtha sparza, gandha, varNa Adi guNoM kI paryAyoM se mujhe kucha lenA-denA nahIM hai to usase yahI kahanA hogA - 'bhAI! AmarUpa pudgala ke sparzAdi guNoM meM se kisI bhI eka guNa ko tuma sarvathA bhinna nahIM kara skte| ananta guNamaya dravya ko svIkAra karanA bhI anivArya hI samajhanA caahie| yadi Apa Ama kA mAtra mIThA rasa hI cAhate ho tathA Ama ke jo sparza, gandha, varNa Adi anya guNa haiM, unako nahIM cAhate to pratyakSa meM mAtra rasa kA bhoga karane kA prayAsa karo, parantu Ama to niyama se sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNasahita hI prApta hogaa| isaprakAra dravya ke yathArtha svarUpa kA jJAna karAne kA prayojana (matalaba/ abhiprAya) samajha lenA caahie| 124. prazna - tattvArthasUtra meM guNa ko nirguNa kyoM kahA hai? uttara - jisaprakAra dravya meM guNa hote haiM; usI prakAra eka guNa meM koI anya guNa nahIM hotA arthAt eka guNa, anya guNa se rahita hotA hai; isalie pratyeka guNa ko nirguNa kahA hai| jaise, AtmA meM jJAnaguNa hai, jJAnaguNa kA kArya jAnanA hai| isa jJAnaguNa meM cAritraguNa kA praveza nahIM hai, cAritraguNa meM jJAnaguNa kA praveza nahIM hai; kyoMki pratyeka guNa kA svarUpa bhinna-bhinna hai| eka AtmA meM hI jJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya, zraddhA, cAritra Adi ananta guNa haiM, para pratyeka guNa kA kisI anya guNa meM praveza nahIM hai| yadi eka guNa, dUsare guNa meM praveza kara jAe to koI bhI guNa, apane svarUpa meM nahIM raha pAegA tathA pratyeka guNa bhI apanA kArya svatantrarUpa se kisa prakAra kara sakegA? isa vivakSA se hI guNa kI paribhASA meM prayukta 'nirguNa' zabda kA artha samajhanA caahie| pudgala kA sparzaguNa sadaiva sparzaguNarUpa svatantra hI rahatA hai| sparzaguNa kA praveza, rasAdi guNoM meM nahIM hotA hai aura rasAdi guNoM kA praveza sparzaguNa meM nahIM hotA hai| (59)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana eka guNa kA rUpa anya guNoM meM rahatA hai, yaha viSaya bhI satya hai, kintu usakI apekSA alaga hai / cidvilAsa Adi granthoM meM usakA varNana kiyA gayA hai| pUjya AdhyAtmikasatpuruSa zrI kAnajIsvAmI ne bhI isakA varNana apane pravacanoM meM vistAra se kiyA hai / 198 125. prazna guNa kA dravya meM kyA sthAna hai ? uttara- dravya, dravya-kSetra kAla aura bhAva tathA guNa, ina cAroM meM se akele bhAvasvarUpa hai| 126. prazna guNoM kA kartA kauna hai ? uttara - vizva tathA dravya kA kartA koI nahIM hai arthAt vizva evaM dravya, donoM jisataraha anAdi-ananta, akRtrima tathA svayambhU haiM, usI taraha guNa bhI anAdi - ananta, akRtrima tathA svayambhU hai / vAstavika rUpa se vastu - vyavasthA kA vicAra kiyA jAe to isa jagat meM koI vastu dravya, kisI anya dravya kA kartA nahIM hai| sarva dravya evaM sarva guNa, vizva ke samAna hI anAdi-ananta evaM svayambhU haiM; isalie kisI bhI guNa kA na koI kartA hai aura na hartA hai| saba dravyoM ke sabhI guNa svayambhU haiM- isa parama satya kA svIkAra karanA hI caahie| 127. prazna guNoM meM parivartana hotA hai yA nahIM? uttara - guNoM kA svarUpa nahIM badalatA, isalie guNa aparivartanIya aura nitya haiM, kintu guNa kI avasthAe~ badalatI haiM; isIlie unameM parivartana bhI dikhAI detA hai| jaise, sAmAnya dRSTi se jJAna nitya hai, phira bhI vaha kabhI ghaTa ko jAnatA hai aura kabhI paTa ko, isIlie anitya bhI kahA jAtA hai| ina cAroM svarUpa hai jaise, Ama meM varNaguNa sadA rahatA hai, isa apekSA se yadyapi varNaguNa nitya hai to bhI Ama kI harI, pIlI Adi avasthA badalane ke kAraNa vaha anitya bhI hotA hai| isa viSaya kI spaSTa jAnakArI ke lie 'paMcAdhyAyI' adhyAya 1 ke zloka 109 se 114 paryanta dekhie / (60) guNa- vivecana 119 jaise - jJAna, guNa hai; jAnanA, usakI paryAya hai| paryAya kA artha hI avasthA hotA hai| jJAnaguNa kA svarUpa 'jAnanA' hai, isakA yaha jAnanajAnanasvarUpa to kabhI badalatA nahIM hai| jAnanA chor3akara jJAnaguNa kA svarUpa kabhI pratItirUpa yA cAritrarUpa nahIM hotA; kyoMki pratIti karanA to zraddhA kA kArya hai, sthiratA karanA, cAritraguNa kA kArya hai ityAdi / isI prakAra sabhI guNoM ke svarUpa ko samajhanA caahie| isa apekSA se sabhI guNa aparivartanazIla arthAt nitya haiN| guNa kI avasthAe~ badalatI haiN| jaise- jJAnaguNa kI avasthAe~ mati, zruta, avadhi, mana:paryaya athavA kevalajJAnarUpa hotI haiN| saMkSepa meM kaheM to jJAnaguNa alpajJAnarUpa athavA pUrNajJAnarUpa rahatA hai| alpajJAna bhI aneka avasthAoM ko dhAraNa karatA rahatA hai| bAlapane meM jJAna atyalpa avasthArUpa rahatA hai; kintu vikAsa krama Ayu bar3hane ke sAtha jJAna, vikAsa ko prApta hotA hai| jaise- adhyayana / manana karane se jJAna meM vRddhi hotI hai, praur3hAvasthA taka pahu~cate-pahu~cate jJAna meM bahuta abhivRddhi ho jAtI hai; kintu bur3hApA Ate hI usameM kamI AnA prArambha ho jAtA hai aura vaha punaH alpajJAnarUpa raha jAtA hai| yahA~ jisaprakAra jJAnaguNa kA vivecana kiyA, usI prakAra cAritra Adi guNoM para bhI hama isa viSaya ko spaSTa samajha sakate haiN| manuSyaparyAya meM munirAja, 6 veM - 7veM guNasthAna ke yogya cAritraguNa kA vikAsa karate haiM, para svarga meM pahu~cate hI punaH cauthe guNasthAnavartI asaMyamI ho jAte haiN| isI prakAra pudgala ke sparzAdi guNoM meM bhI jAnanA caahie| jaise sparzaguNa, sparza svarUpa se to ekarUpa hI rahatA hai, parantu avasthAoM parivartana se vahI sparzaguNa, zIta-uSNa, halkA bhArI, rUkhA-cikanA aura komala-kaThorarUpa badalatA rahatA hai| sparzaguNa ke samAna hI rasa, gandha aura varNaguNa ke sambandha meM bhI samajha lenA cAhie /
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 128. prazna - guNa kI paribhASA/svarUpa jAnane se hameM kyA lAbha haiM? uttara - 1. guNoM se dravya kI siddhi hotI hai, jisase hameM dravya kA paricaya prApta hotA hai, usakI mahimA AtI hai| ___ jIvadravya kA paricaya prApta karanA ho to hama jJAnAdi guNoM se jIvadravya kA paricaya prApta kara sakate haiN| eka apekSA se guNoM ko dravya kA utpAdaka bhI kaha sakate haiM; kyoMki jJAnAdi guNoM se hI to jIvadravya banA hai| yadi guNa nahIM hote to dravya bhI nahIM hotA; kyoMki guNoM kA samUha hI to dravya hai| yadi jJAnAdi guNa nahIM hote to jIvadravya bhI nahIM hotA; tathA yadi sparzAdi guNa nahIM hote to pudgaladravya bhI nahIM hotaa| isIprakAra anya dravyoM ke sambandha meM bhI samajha sakate haiN| 2. eka guNa, usI dravya ke anya guNoM meM kucha nahIM kara sakatA; kyoMki pratyeka guNa kA lakSaNa/svabhAva bhinna-bhinna hotA hai - aisA bodha hone se AkulatA miTatI hai aura kartAbuddhi kA nAza hotA hai| udAharaNa ke lie hama Ama ke phala ko pudgaladravya ke rUpa meM sAmane rakhate haiN| sAmAnyataH jaba Ama pIlA hotA hai, taba mIThA ho jAtA hai; kintu pIlA Ama mIThA hI ho - yaha niyama nahIM hai| kyoMki kucha Ama atyanta pIle ho jAne para bhI mIThe nahIM hote, khaTTe hI rahate haiN| sAtha hI bahuta se hare-hare se dikhanevAle Ama kA rasa bhI atyanta mIThA hotA hai| isakA spaSTa artha yaha huA ki pIlA raMga, Ama ke rasa ko mIThA nahIM banA sakatA aura harA raMga, Ama ko khaTTA nahIM rakha sakatA hai| isaprakAra jaise, eka Ama nAmaka rUpI-pudgala meM rahanevAlA varNa guNa, usI Ama meM rahane vAle rasaguNa meM kucha kArya nahIM kara sktaa| isI taraha jIvadravya para bhI ghaTita kiyA jA sakatA hai - jaise - jaba AtmA kA zraddhAguNa, pUrNa nirmala avasthArUpa arthAt kSAyika samyaktvarUpa pariNata ho jAtA hai; taba bhI zraddhA kI vaha pUrNa nirmala, siddhoM jaisI paryAya, cAritraguNa kI pariNati ko siddha jaisI pUrNa nirmala nahIM guNa-vivecana banA sakatI; kyoMki cAritra kI pUrNa nirmala paryAya ko to cAritraguNa hI banA sakatA hai| isI prakAra anya guNoM ko bhI samajha sakate haiN| jaba eka dravya meM rahane vAlA eka guNa, usI dravya ke anya guNoM meM kucha nahIM kara sakatA to manuSya, ghara-gRhasthI calAve, bAla-baccoM kA kalyANa kare, samAja kA sudhAra kare, rASTra kA uddhAra kare, ityAdi bAteM kaise sambhava ho sakatI haiM? - aisA jJAna hone para kartAbuddhi kA sahaja hI abhAva hotA hai aura AkulatA miTa jAtI hai| 3. maiM jIvadravya, ananta guNoM kA piNDa hU~; isalie maiM bhI mahAna hU~, daridrI, hIna-dIna yA bekAra nahIM hU~ - aisI buddhi pragaTa hotI hai| tathA dUsare manuSyoM ko vizeSa dhanavAn athavA zarIra se vizeSa balavAna yA sundara jAnakara ajJAnI, jaise dInatA kA anubhava karatA hai, vaisI pravRtti naSTa ho jAtI hai| 4. cAroM ora dikhAI denevAle jIvoM ko bhI samabhAva se dekhane kI bhAvanA utpanna hotI hai| jagat meM pratyeka jIva (kIr3A, makor3A, gadhA, kuttA Adi) apane samAna hI hai - aisA pariNAma utpanna hotA hai| isa kAraNa mAnasika samAdhAna milatA hai aura dveSabhAva manda hotA hai athavA naSTa hotA hai| 5. atyanta durgandha evaM azobhanIya paudgalika padArthoM ko dekhakara bhI ghRNA utpanna nahIM hotI; kyoMki ve pudgala bhI ananta guNoM ke dhanI haiM - aisA jJAna meM svIkAra ho jAtA hai| 6. guNa sambandhI ajJAna kA nAza hotA hai arthAt guNa kA spaSTa jJAna hotA hai, isakAraNa Ananda bhI hotA hai| 129. prazna - guNoM ke kitane bheda haiM? uttara - guNoM ke do bheda haiM - 1. sAmAnyaguNa aura 2. vizeSaguNa / 130. prazna - sAmAnyaguNa kise kahate haiM? uttara - jo guNa, sarva dravyoM meM rahate haiM; unako sAmAnyaguNa kahate haiN| 131. prazna - vizeSaguNa kise kahate haiM? /
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana uttara - jo guNa, sarva dravyoM meM na rahakara, apane-apane dravya meM rahate haiM; unako vizeSaguNa kahate haiN| 122 132. prazna sAmAnyaguNa kitane haiM? uttara - sAmAnyaguNa ananta haiM, unameM mukhya chaha haiM - 1. astitva 2. vastutva 3. dravyatva 4. prameyatva 5. agurulaghutva aura 6 pradezatva / 133. prazna - dravya meM sAmAnyaguNa nahIM mAneMge to kyA hAni hogI ? uttara - dravya meM sAmAnyaguNa nahIM mAneMge to dravya kI siddhi hI nahIM hogI arthAt dravya ke abhAva kA prasaMga AegA / 134. prazna - dravya meM vizeSaguNa nahIM mAneMge to kyA hAni hogI ? uttara - dravya meM vizeSaguNa nahIM mAneMge to eka dravya se dUsarA dravya bhinna siddha nahIM hogA, sarva dravya eka ho jAe~ge; kyoMki vizeSaguNa bheda-vijJAna ke sAdhaka haiN| 135. prazna - sAmAnya va vizeSa guNa meM kisa apekSA se antara hai ? uttara - sAmAnya va vizeSa guNoM meM nimna cAra prakAra se antara hai - 1. sAmAnyaguNa, niyama se jIvAdi sarva dravyoM meM rahate haiN| jabaki vizeSaguNa, mAtra apanI-apanI jAti ke dravyoM meM hI rahate haiN| 2. sAmAnyaguNa se pratyeka dravya kI siddhi hotI hai| jabaki vizeSaguNa se dravyoM meM jAtibheda siddha hotA hai| 3. yadi sAmAnya guNa na hoM to jIvAdi koI dravya hI na rhe| jabaki yadi vizeSaguNa na hoM to sarva dravya milakara ekameka ho jaaeN| 4. sAmAnyaguNa, dravya - sAmAnya ke lakSaNa hote haiN| jabaki vizeSaguNa, pRthak-pRthak dravyoM ke lakSaNa banate haiN| jaise - dravya kA lakSaNa to astitva hai; jabaki jIvadravya kA lakSaNa jJAna darzana hai| 136. prazna sAmAnya va vizeSa guNoM meM kauna adhika haiM? uttara - donoM ananta-ananta haiM, koI adhika nahIM, koI kama nhiiN| 137. prazna - sAmAnya va vizeSa guNoM meM saMjJA saMkhyA Adi ATha apekSAoM se bhedAbheda darzAie / (62) guNa- vivecana 123 uttara - saMjJA, saMkhyA Adi apekSAoM se sAmAnya aura vizeSa guNoM meM bhedAbheda nimnaprakAra haiM 1. 'saMjJA' kI apekSA donoM meM bheda hai; kyoMki donoM ke nAma bhinna-bhinna haiN| eka kA nAma sAmAnyaguNa hai aura dUsare kA nAma vizeSa guNa haiN| 2. 'saMkhyA' kI apekSA donoM meM abheda hai; kyoMki donoM kI saMkhyA ananta ananta hai| 3. 'lakSaNa' kI apekSA donoM meM bheda hai; kyoMki donoM ke lakSaNa bhinnabhinna haiN| 4. 'prayojana' kI apekSA donoM meM bheda hai; kyoMki sAmAnyaguNa se dravyasAmAnya kI siddhi hotI hai aura vizeSaguNa se dravyavizeSa kI siddhi hotI hai| 5. 'dravya' kI apekSA donoM meM abheda hai; kyoMki donoM ke AzrayabhUta dravya eka haiN| 6. 'kSetra' kI apekSA donoM meM abheda hai; kyoMki donoM hI apane-apane dravya ke sarva bhAga (pradeza) meM rahate haiM / 7. 'kAla' kI apekSA donoM meM abheda haiM; kyoMki donoM guNa, dravya kI sarva avasthAoM meM rahate haiM arthAt trikAlI haiN| 8. 'bhAva' kI apekSA donoM meM bheda hai; kyoMki donoM ke lakSaNa bhinnabhinna haiM / 138. prazna - chaha sAmAnya guNoM ke krama kA sArthakya darzAie? uttara - astitvAdi chaha sAmAnya guNoM ke krama kI sArthakatA nimna prakAra hai - 1. astitvaguNa - kisI padArtha kA astitva hone para hI anyaanya bAtoM kI carcA prayojanIya hai, isalie 'astitvaguNa' sabase pahale haiN| 2. vastutvaguNa - jo koI vastu hai, usakA koI na koI prayojanabhUta kArya avazya hotA hai, anyathA vaha vastu hI nahIM ho sakatI hai; isalie dUsare sthAna para 'vastutvaguNa' hai|
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________________ 124 jinadharma-vivecana 3. dravyatvaguNa - yadi vastu meM pariNamana hI na ho to usameM prayojanabhUta kArya honA bhI sambhava nahIM hai, isalie tIsare sthAna para 'dravyatvaguNa' hai| 4. prameyatvaguNa - ukta tInoM bAtoM kI siddhi tabhI ho sakatI hai, jaba vaha vastu, kisI na kisI ke jJAna kA viSaya bana rahI ho; isalie cauthe sthAna para 'prameyatvaguNa' hai| 5. agurulaghutvaguNa - pariNamana karate hue apane svatantra astitva kI rakSA avazya honI cAhie, tAki vaha dravya badalakara, dUsare dravyarUpa na ho jAe; anyathA sabhI dravya mila-julakara ekameka ho jaaeNge| isI se pA~caveM sthAna para 'agurulaghutvaguNa' guNa ko rakhA gayA hai| 6. pradezatvaguNa - yadi guNoM kA koI AdhArabhUta yA Azraya na ho to vaha dravya hI raha nahIM sakatA tathA AzrayabhUta vastu pradezavAn hI hotI hai; isalie anta meM pradezatvaguNa' kahA gayA hai| 139. prazna - kRpayA apane (jIvadravya) meM chaha sAmAnya va vizeSaguNa ghaTita karake dikhAie? uttara - mujha jIvadravya meM chaha sAmAnya guNa aura vizeSa guNa nimnaprakAra se siddha hote haiN| 1. maiM hU~, yaha mere astitvaguNa ke kAraNa hai| 2. jAnanA-dekhanA merA prayojanabhUta kArya hai, yaha mere vastutvaguNa ke kAraNa hai| 3. maiM vartamAna meM pratikSaNa bAlaka se vRddhatva kI ora jA rahA hU~ yA mere jJAnAdi guNoM kI avasthAe~ nirantara badalatI haiM, yaha mere dravyatvaguNa ke kAraNa hai| 4. mujhako, maiM svayaM va Apa saba jAnate haiM, yaha mere prameyatvaguNa ke kAraNa hai| 5. maiM kabhI bhI badalakara, cetana se jar3a nahIM bana sakatA, yaha mere agurulaghutvaguNa ke kAraNa hai| guNa-vivecana 6. maiM vartamAna meM manuSya kI AkRti yA saMsthAnavAlA hU~, yaha mere pradezatvaguNa ke kAraNa hai| isI prakAra jJAna-darzana Adi mere vizeSaguNa haiM, yaha sarva pratyakSa hai| 140. prazna - sAmAnyaguNa ananta hone para bhI Apa astitvAdi chaha sAmAnyaguNoM ko hI mukhya kyoM batA rahe haiM? uttara - astitvAdi chaha sAmAnyaguNoM ko mukhya batAne ke aneka kAraNa haiM; unameM se kucha kAraNa Age de rahe haiM - 1. jinadharmakathita vastu-vyavasthA kA parama satya jJAna hotA hai aura maiM jIvadravya, kisI ke upakAra se nahIM haiM; parantu anAdikAla se hI svatantra haiM evaM anantakAla paryaMta svatantra hI raha~gA - aisA pakkA nirNaya hotA hai| 2. mokSamArga pragaTa karane kA abhUtapUrva puruSArtha jAgRta ho jAtA hai, jo hameM apekSita hai| 3. astitvAdi sAmAnyaguNoM kI yaha eka khAsa vizeSatA hai ki inakA pariNamana anAdikAla se kabhI vibhAvarUpa haA hI nahIM arthAta inakA pariNamana Aja taka zuddharUpa hI huA hai aura ananta bhaviSyakAla meM bhI zuddharUpa hI pariNamana hotA rhegaa| 4. sAmAnyaguNoM kA jJAna, bhedajJAna ke lie atizaya upayogI hai| 5. samayasAra Adi granthoM meM zuddhAtmA evaM dravya-guNa-paryAya kI svatantratA kA jo joradAra udghoSa hai, usakA parijJAna janasamAnya ko ina astitvAdi chaha sAmAnyaguNoM se hI hotA hai| maiM Apako apane bAre meM satya kahatA hU~ ki mujhe granthAdhirAja samayasAra kA marma, jitanA samayasAra zAstra ko par3hane se samajha meM nahIM AyA; utanA astitvAdi sAmAnyaguNoM ke jJAna se samajha meM AyA hai - yaha kahane meM mujhe koI saMkoca nahIM hai| yahA~ guNa-vivecana 28 praznottara ke sAtha pUrNa hotA hai; aba Age, astitva Adi chaha sAmAnyaguNoM kA krama se vistRta vivecana prArambha karate haiN| (63)
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________________ astitvaguNa-vivecana astitvaguNa-vivecana bra. gulAbacandajI jaina (sonagar3ha) ne chaha sAmAnyaguNoM ke marma ko padya zailI meM atyanta saMkSipta aura viziSTa zabdoM meM spaSTa kiyA hai| vaha pAThakoM ke lie atyanta upayogI hone ke kAraNa hama pratyeka sAmAnyaguNa kA varNana karane se pahale maGgalAcaraNa ke rUpa meM eka-eka chanda ko prArambha meM hI arthasahita de rahe haiM - / / maGgalAcaraNa / / kartA jagata kA mAnatA jo. 'karma yA bhagavAna ko': vaha bhUlatA hai loka meM, astitvaguNa ke jJAna ko| utpAda-vyayayuta vastu hai, phira bhI sadA dhravatA dhare: astitva guNa ke yoga se, koI nahIM jaga meM mre|| isa jagat meM yadi koI manuSya, kisI bhagavAna yA karma ko vizva kA kartA mAnatA hai to vaha astitvaguNa ke jJAna ko bhUla jAtA hai| vAstavikarUpa se pratyeka dravya utpAda-vyayasahita hone para bhI apane dhruva (nitya) svabhAva ko kabhI bhI nahIM chor3atA; isIlie isa astitvaguNa ke kAraNa se hI isa jagat meM koI bhI jIva maratA nahIM hai| ataH pratyeka jIva arthAt vastu avinAzI/ajara-amara hai| isa kAraNa maraNabhaya sahaja hI Tala jAtA hai| 141. prazna - sAmAnyaguNa ananta hone para bhI kevala astitvAdi chaha guNoM ko hI Apa mukhya kyoM batA rahe haiM? uttara - astitvAdi chaha sAmAnyaguNoM kI mukhyatA kA pramukha kAraNa yaha ki unakA yathArtha jJAna karane se aneka lAbha hote haiM hra 1. jinadharmapraNIta vastu-vyavasthA kA parama satya jJAna hotA hai aura maiM jIvadravya, kisI ke upakAra se nahIM hU~; parantu anAdikAla se hI svatantra hU~ evaM anantakAla paryaMta svatantra hI rahU~gA - aisA pakkA nirNaya hotA hai| 2. mokSamArga pragaTa karane kA abhUtapUrva puruSArtha jAgRta ho jAtA hai, jo hameM apekSita hai| 3. astitvAdi sAmAnyaguNoM kI yaha eka khAsa vizeSatA yaha hai ki inakA pariNamana, anAdikAla se kabhI vibhAvarUpa huA hI nahIM arthAt inakA pariNamana Aja taka zuddharUpa hI huA hai aura ananta bhaviSyakAla meM bhI zuddharUpa hI hotA rhegaa| 4. sAmAnyaguNoM kA jJAna bhedajJAna ke lie atizaya upayogI hai| 5. samayasAra Adi granthoM meM zuddhAtmA, dravya-guNa-paryAya kI svatantratA kA jo joradAra udghoSa hai, usakA parijJAna janasAmAnya ko ina astitvAdi chaha sAmAnya guNoM se hI hotA hai; ataH aba yahA~ kramazaH astitvAdi pratyeka sAmAnyaguNa kA Agama tathA tarka se vistArapUrvaka sulabha rIti se kathana karate haiN| 142. prazna - sAmAnyaguNoM meM sabase pahale astitvaguNa kA hI kathana kyoM kiyA jA rahA hai? kyA kucha vizeSa kAraNa hai ? uttara - 1. jaba taka vastu kI sattA hI siddha nahIM hogI, taba taka vastu-viSayaka vicAra karane kI bAta hI kahA~ se hogI? sabase pahale to vastu kI sattA/upasthiti cAhie, jisa para vicAra kiyA jA ske| ataH yahA~ sarvaprathama dravya kI sattAsUcaka astitvaguNa kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| 2. ajJAnI jIva ko anAdikAla se aisI vAsanA banI huI hai ki maiM kisI bhI purAnI vastu kA nAza kara sakatA hU~ tathA navIna vastu bhI utpanna kara sakatA hU~ - isa vAsanA kA abhAva karanA Avazyaka hai| isI taraha hamane sRSTi ko utpanna karane meM koI Izvara, sRSTi ko banAye rakhane aura nAza karane meM bhI kisI anya bhagavAna sambandhI mithyA mAnyatA banA rakhI hai; usake parihArapUrvaka samAdhAna ke lie hI astitvaguNa kA jJAna karAyA jA rahA hai| (64)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 129 3. jIvAdi dravyoM kI anAdi-anantatA kA jJAna karAne ke lie bhI astitvaguNa kA prathama kathana karanA Avazyaka hai| 4. ajJAnI manuSya ko maraNabhaya kA nirAkaraNa karane ke lie tathA 'jIva' janma-maraNa se rahita hI hai - isakA samyak bodha karAne ke lie astitvaguNa kA kathana sarvaprathama kiyA jA rahA hai| 143. prazna - jaise, kisI ko gAliyoM se bharA huA patra AyA, par3hakara vaha duHkhI huaa| tadanantara usane usa patra ko dveSa se jalAkara bhasma kara diyA to batAiye, usane kisakA nAza kiyA aura kisakA nahIM? uttara - usane nimittasvarUpa patrarUpa pudgalamaya paryAya kA nAza kiyA, patra meM likhe gaye akSaroM/vAkyoM kA bhI nAza kiyA, patra ke AkAra kA bhI nAza kiyA; tathApi usane patra meM vidyamAna pudgalamaya paramANuoM kA nAza nahIM kiyA, una pudgaloM ke sparzAdi guNoM kA nAza nahIM kiyaa| saMkSepa meM hama yaha kaha sakate haiM ki usane patrarUpa paryAya vizeSa kA hI nAza kiyA hai, pudgaladravya aura usake guNoM kA nAza nahIM kiyA hai| 144. prazna - astitva kA kyA artha hai? uttara - asti + tva = astitva / asti = honA, upasthiti yA sattA / tva = panA arthAt usarUpa honA / saMskRta bhASA meM 'as' kriyAdhAtu hai| usake tRtIya puruSa ke eka vacana kA rUpa 'asti' hai| asti zabda kA artha hai' hai, yAni kisI kI maujUdagI' hotI hai| 145. prazna - astitvaguNa kise kahate haiM? uttara - jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotA aura vaha dravya, kisI se utpanna bhI nahIM hotA, use 'astitvaguNa' kahate haiN| ___astitvaguNa kI paribhASA meM do bAteM mukhya haiM - prathama to vidyamAna dravya kA kabhI nAza nahIM hotaa| dUsare, koI navIna dravya kisI se utpanna bhI nahIM hotaa| astitvaguNa ko aura adhika spaSTa samajhane ke lie nimna prakAra bhI use paribhASita kara sakate haiM hra astitvaguNa-vivecana 'jisa zakti ke kAraNa upasthita/vidyamAna dravya kA kabhI bhI nAza nahIM hotA aura navIna/nayA dravya kisI se utpanna nahIM hotA, use astitvaguNa kahate haiN|' ___hamane naI paribhASA meM upasthita/vidyamAna, navIna/nayA dravya zabda jor3e haiM, ve mUla paribhASA meM bhI apragaTarUpa se samAviSTa haiN| hamane to mAtra unheM jor3akara viSaya ko spaSTa kiyA hai| 146. prazna - dravya ko sat yA sattA kina AcAryoM ne kaunakaunase granthoM meM kahA hai? uttara - 1. AcArya kundakunda ne paMcAstikAya zAstra kI gAthA 10 meM kahA hai - "jo sat lakSaNavAlA hai; jo utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyasaMyukta hai athavA guNa-paryAyoM kA Azraya hai; use sarvajJa bhagavAna 'dravya' kahate haiN|" 2. paMcAstikAya zAstra kI gAthA 10 kI TIkA meM hI AcArya jayasena ne dravya kA eka artha 'dravita hotA hai arthAt prApta hotA hai'- aisA kiyA hai| taduparAnta 'dravati arthAt svabhAva-paryAyoM ko prApta hotA hai aura gacchati arthAt vibhAva-paryAyoM meM gamana karatA hai| - aisA dUsarA artha bhI vahA~ kiyA gayA hai| 3. pravacanasAra gAthA 98 meM kahA hai - "dravya, svabhAva se siddha aura svabhAva se hI 'sat' hai - aisA jinendradeva ne yathArthataH kahA hai; isaprakAra Agama se siddha hai| jo ise nahIM mAnatA, vaha vAstava meM parasamaya hai|" 4. pravacanasAra meM hI gAthA 99 meM AyA hai - "svabhAva meM avasthita hone se dravya, 'sat' hai| dravya kA jo utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyasahita pariNAma hai, vaha padArthoM kA svabhAva hai|" 5. AcArya umAsvAmI ne to tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 5 ke sUtra 29 meM spaSTa zabdoM meM satdravyalakSaNam arthAt 'dravya kA lakSaNa sat haiM' - aisA kahA hai| (65)
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________________ 130 jinadharma-vivecana 6. munirAja zrI padmaprabhamaladhArideva ne niyamasAra, gAthA 34 kI TIkA meM likhA hai - 'asti' ityasya bhAvaH astitvam arthAt 'padArtha kA asti (hai, astitva, honA) - aisA bhAva hI astitva hai|' AlApapaddhati Adi granthoM meM bhI yadyapi 'sat' viSayaka kathana AyA hai, tathApi vistAra-bhaya se unake uddharaNa dene se virAma lete haiN| 147. prazna - 'maiM tumhArI sattA kA hI nAza kara dUMgA' - aisI bhAvanA rakhane se kauna-sA pApa hotA hai? tathA kitane jJAniyoM kA virodha hotA hai? uttara - isa prazna kA saMkSepa meM uttara nimna prakAra hai - 1. mithyAtvarUpa pApa hotA hai; kyoMki aisA mAnane meM vastusvarUpa se viruddha zraddhAna hotA hai| 2. deva-zAstra-guru kA bhI avinaya huA; kyoMki unake upadeza kA svIkAra nahIM karane se aura tIvra kaSAya hone se satya upadeza kA virodha hotA hai| 3. cauthe guNasthAna se lekara caudahaveM guNasthAna paryanta vidyamAna saba samyagjJAnI sAdhaka jIvoM kA - samyagdRSTi se lekara arahanta va siddhoM kA bhI virodha hotA hai; kyoMki isameM jJAnIjanoM ke samyagjJAna kA virodha hotA hai| 148. prazna - astitvaguNa ko na mAnane se mAtra dravya ke abhAva kA prasaMga AtA hai to Ave, usase hamArA kyA bigAr3a hai? uttara - astitvaguNa ko na mAnane se mAtra dravya ke abhAva kI hI Apatti nahIM AtI; parantu dravya ke abhAva ke sAtha-sAtha anya bhI aneka prakAra kI ApattiyA~ upasthita hotI haiM, jo nimna prakAra haiM - 1. dravya kA abhAva hone para vizva ke abhAva kI bhI sthiti utpanna ho jAtI hai; kyoMki chaha dravyoM ke samUha ko hI vizva kahate haiN| 2. dravya, jina guNoM kA samudAya hai yA jina guNoM se dravya banA hai, una guNoM kA bhI abhAva ho jAtA hai| astitvaguNa-vivecana 131 3. guNoM kA abhAva hote hI unake kAryarUpa paryAyoM kA bhI abhAva anivArya ho jAtA hai| 4. samasta vizva-vyavasthA hI samApta ho jAtI hai| 5. hama-tuma kahA~ raheMge? arthAt sarva zUnyatA kA prasaMga upasthita ho jAtA hai| 149. prazna - astitvaguNa ko jAnane se hameM kyA-kyA lAbha prApta hote haiM? udAharaNa ke sAtha salabharUpa se spaSTa kreN| uttara - astitvaguNa ko jAnane se aneka lAbha prApta hote haiM - 1. manuSya ko hI nahIM, apitu cAroM gati meM nArakI ko chor3akara pratyeka jIva ko apanI vartamAnakAlIna paryAya ke nAza kA arthAt maraNa kA sadaiva bhaya banA rahatA hai| naraka ke nArakI bhI mAraNAntika vedanA nirantara bhogate haiM aura svarga ke devoM ke maraNajanya duHkha ko hama-Apa pratyakSa dekha-jAna nahIM sakate, isake lie to hameM jinAgama hI pramANa hai tathA manuSya aura tiryaMcoM ke janma-maraNa ke duHkha to hama pratyakSarUpa se dekha hI rahe haiN| tiryaMcoM ke janma-maraNa kI carcA ko hama yahA~ gauNa kara dete haiM; kyoMki hama tiryaMca nahIM haiN| vartamAna bhava meM to hama paryAya kI apekSA manuSya jIva haiM; ataH manuSyoM ke hI duHkhoM para thor3A vicAra/manana/cintana pragaTa karate haiN| ___ hamane mA~ ke garbha meM 9 mAha rahakara vahA~ zabdAtIta duHkha bhogA hai| usake pazcAt isa jagat meM hamane janma liyaa| isa janmajanita duHkha ko bhI hama prApta paryAya meM magna hokara bhUla hI gaye, ataH janmajanita duHkha ko bhI hama gauNa karate haiN| mAtra manuSya ke maraNa-viSayaka duHkha para vicAra karate haiM - ___ kaisI vicitra bAta hai ki manuSyabhava meM maraNa kA duHkha to hama-sabako niyama se eka hI bAra bhoganA par3atA hai; kintu maraNa kA bhaya hamezA/ pratyeka samaya, hama sabako banA hI rahatA hai| (66)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana astitvaguNa ko svIkAra karate hI hamArA maraNa-bhaya sadA ke lie nikala jAtA hai; kyoMki astitvaguNa ko mAnane para hameM apane amaratva kA pakkA nirNaya ho jAtA hai| 132 hamArI laukika meM bolacAla kI bhASA se bhI jIva kA amaratva spaSTa hotA hai / jaise, hama dina-rAta bolate haiM ki 'amuka vyakti mara gayA' yA 'gAya mara gaI' aura usI samaya hama kahate haiM ki 'jIva to calA gayA, miTTI yahIM par3I raha gaI ;' isase jIva kA amaratva siddha hotA hai| vAstava to anAdi-ananta hai, janma-maraNa se rahita hai| phira mujhe maraNa kahA~ ? isaprakAra maraNa kA bhaya sahaja hI nikala jAtA hai| 2. maiM kisI kI rakSA nahIM kara sakatA aura na merI koI rakSA karane samartha hai tathA maiM kisI ko mAra nahIM sakatA aura na koI mujhe mAra sakatA hai - aisA vicAra karane se arakSA kA bhaya bhAga jAtA hai| koI dhanavAna ho yA daridrI, rogI ho athavA nirogI, samAja meM prasiddha ho yA aprasiddha; lekina tattvajJAna se rahita manuSyoM ko saMkaTa kAla tathA vizeSatayA bur3hApe ke samaya merI sevA kauna karegA? mujhe surakSita kauna rakhegA ? - aise vicAra Ate haiN| aise vyaktiyoM ko astitvaguNa mAnoM varadAna hI hai; kyoMki jIvadravya hI nahIM, apitu sabhI dravya anAdikAla se mAtra astitvaguNa ke kAraNa hI parama surakSita haiN| anAdi se Aja paryanta saMrakSaNa kI cintA se vyartha hI bhayabhIta /santrasta jIva bhI cAhe mAne athavA na mAne, samajheM yA na samajheM, para ve sabhI astitvaguNarUpI abhedya kavaca se sadaiva atyanta surakSita haiN| jIva athavA pudgala ko aneka logoM ne naSTa karane kA prayAsa karake pApa hI kamAyA hai; kintu koI unheM naSTa nahIM kara pAyA hai| hA~, paryAya meM kucha bAdhA yA duHkha pahu~cAne ke prayAsa se sAmanevAle meM jo kucha acchAburA parivartana hotA huA dekhane meM AtA hai, vaha paryAya apekSA satya hone para bhI dravya kI anAdikAlIna sattA meM / astitva meM kucha bhI badalAva nahIM hotA hai| (67) astitvaguNa - vivecana 133 150. zaMkA - bar3e-bar3e rAjanetAoM kI hatyA karake unakA astitva miTAyA jAtA hai, yaha hama pratyakSa dekha rahe haiM; isalie ApakI bAta hameM satyarUpa pratIta nahIM hotI; ataH hama kyA samajheM? samAdhAna - ApakI bAta paryAya apekSA se to satya hai; kyoMki jisa netA Adi ko lekara manuSya ko tIvra dveSa hotA hai aura usa netA vyakti kI usa paryAyamAtra ko nAza karane meM vaha nimitta hotA hai / jaise, zrImatI indirA gAMdhI kI hatyA karane se unake pradhAnamantrItva pada evaM unakI strI-paryAyarUpa manuSya avasthA kA nAza huA hai; kintu zrImatI indirA gAMdhI nAmarUpa strI paryAya kA jisa samaya nAza huA hai, usI samaya unakA jIva kyA naSTa ho gayA hai yA usa jIva ne anyatra kahIM jAkara janma le liyA hai? isa prazna para yadi vicAra karate haiM to astitvaguNa ke kAraNa uttara yahI milatA hai ki usa jIva ne kisI dUsarI jagaha jAkara janma le hI liyA hai| aba Apa hI batAie ki 'jIvadravya' surakSita hai yA nahIM? are! jIvadravya kI surakSA meM to kabhI kucha A~ca AtI hI nahIM hai / yahA~ paryAyadRSTi se bhI usa kArya ke nimitta - naimittika sambandha ko avazya batAyA jA rahA hai, lekina yahA~ una duSkRtyoM, hatyA, hiMsA Adi kA samarthana nahIM kiyA jA rahA hai| 3. astitvaguNa ke kAraNa se punarjanma para zraddhAna hotA hai| pratyeka jIva anAdikAla se vizva meM hai aura anantakAla taka rahanevAlA bhI hai| maiM bhI anAdikAla se hU~ aura anantakAla taka rahU~gA / isakA artha yaha huA ki maiM manuSyarUpa se janma lene ke pUrva bhI kisI anya avasthA meM thA aura ananta bhaviSya meM bhI rahU~gA - aisA pakkA zraddhAna hotA hai| vartamAnakAla meM punarjanma kI aneka ghaTanAe~ sunane ko milatI hai| punarjanma mAnanA andhazraddhA nahIM hai - yaha viSaya bhI atyanta spaSTa hotA hai| punarjanma ke viSaya ko aneka AcAryoM ne prathamAnuyoga ke granthoM meM apanI asIma anukampA se pAtra jIvoM ko samajhAyA hai; ataH hameM prathamAnuyoga ke zAstra bhI par3hanA caahie|
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________________ 134 jinadharma-vivecana isaprakAra hameM yaha patA calatA hai ki yadi maiM mokSamArga pragaTa karU~gA to mokSa prApta karake anantakAla taka mokSa meM hI rahU~gA, kintu yadi maiM mokSa jAne kA sarvotkRSTa puruSArtha nahIM karU~gA to saMsAra kI cAra gatiyoM meM paribhramaNa karanA hI pdd'egaa| 4. AcArya kundakundadeva ne samayasAra grantha ke bandhAdhikAra meM jIvoM ko jilAne aura mArane ke vikalpoM kA Agamagarbhita yuktiyoM ke dvArA vizeSarUpa se khaNDana karate hue spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| use tattvajijJAsuoM ko avazya par3hanA caahie| 5. pratyeka jIva anAdi-ananta hai, ataH isa vizva ko kisI ne banAyA hai aura koI ise naSTa kara sakatA hai- aisI mithyA mAnyatA miTa jAtI hai| 6. astitva kI apekSA sabhI dravya samAna hI haiM; ataH unameM viSamatA kA bhAva svayameva nikala jAtA hai| vAstava meM dekhA jAe to astitva Adi ananta sAmAnyaguNa, saba dravyoM meM samAnarUpa se vidyamAna rahate haiN| itanA hI nahIM - jJAna, darzana, sukha, vIrya Adi vizeSaguNa bhI sabhI jIvoM meM samAnarUpa se pAye jAte haiN| isa apekSA se hI 'AlApapaddhati' nAmaka grantha meM granthakartA ne jJAnAdi guNoM ko jIva ke sAmAnyaguNoM meM garbhita kiyA hai; ataH sabhI manuSya samAna haiM, koI U~cA-nIcA nahIM haiM - yaha viSaya bhI samajha meM AtA hai| vastusthiti to ekendriya se lekara sainI pancendriya taka sabhI jIva, sAmAnya apekSA se samAna hI haiM - yaha ananta sarvajJa bhagavantoM dvArA pratipAdita anAdinidhana parama satya upadeza hai; ataH sarva jIvoM ke prati samatAbhAva udita hone se viSamatA svayameva hI nikala jAtI hai| 7. pratyeka dravya kA astitva svatantra hai - aisA jJAna hone se paradravya meM ekatva, mamatva, kartRtva aura bhoktRtvabuddhi kA sahaja nAza ho jAtA hai| astitvaguNa-vivecana 135 dravya, satsvarUpa hai arthAt astitvaguNa se sampanna hai; isakA artha hai ki dravya anAdinidhana, svayambhU evaM svatantra hai| dravya kI svatantratA svIkArane para, dravya meM rahanevAle guNoM ko bhI anAdinidhana, svayambhU evaM svatantra svIkAra karanA anivArya ho jAtA hai; kyoMki guNoM se hI to dravya banA hai tathA dravya kI svatantratA meM hI vizva, akRtrima siddha hotA hai; kyoMki dravya ke samUha ko hI vizva kahate haiN| dravya aura guNoM kI svatantratA ke kAraNa hI unameM honevAlI paryAyeM bhI para kI apekSA se rahita siddha ho jAtI haiN| paryAya kI itanI vizeSatA samajhanA Avazyaka hai ki eka dravya yA usake guNoM kI paryAyoM ke utpanna hone ke samaya anya dravya kI paryAyoM para anukUlatA athavA pratikUlatA ke nimittarUpa vyavahAra kA Aropa AtA hai; ataH paryAya kA kathana nimittasApekSa bhI hotA hai, lekina eka dravya kI paryAya ko anya dravya kI paryAya utpanna karatI hai - aisA nahIM hai; ataH sahaja hI para ke kartRtva-bhoktRtvapane kA mithyAbhAva naSTa ho jAtA hai| 8. maiM kisI anya jIva ko utpanna nahIM kara sakatA aura mujhe bhI kisI anya jIva ne utpanna nahIM kiyA hai - aisA svIkAra karane para abhimAna aura hInabhAva kA nAza hotA hai| __ anya jIva ko janma dene kA bhAva abhimAna kA utpAdaka hai| yathArtha vastusvarUpa kA vicAra karane para koI jIva kisI anya jIva ko utpanna kara hI nahIM sakatA; kyoMki pratyeka jIvadravyasvatantra hai| mAtA-pitA, apanI santAna ke zarIra kI utpatti meM mAtra nimitta haiM tathA ve bhI zarIra kI utpatti meM mAtra nimitta bhI taba hote haiM, jaba koI jIva kisI anya gati se mAtA ke peTa meM svayameva apane pApa-puNya ke anusAra AtA hai; ataH mAnakaSAyarUpa abhimAna kA bhAva, astitvaguNa ko jAnakara nahIM ho sktaa| (68)
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________________ 136 jinadharma-vivecana maiM jIvadravya kisI kA utpAdya hU~ arthAt kisI se maiM banAyA gayA hU~ - aisA vicAra hone para hInabhAva / dInatA kA bhAva AnA svAbhAvika hai / jisane mujhe utpanna kiyA hai, usake prati kRtajJa honA cAhie - aisA vicAra sahaja hI utpanna hotA hai, kintu vastusvarUpa yaha hai ki maiM svayameva hI sahaja svayaMsiddha hU~, ataH dInabhAva / hInabhAva udita bhI nahIM ho sakatA / 151. prazna astitvaguNa kI siddhi kaise hotI hai ? uttara - 1. punarjanma kI aneka ghaTanAe~ zAstra meM par3hane ko milatI hai| 2. abhI vartamAnakAla meM bhI aneka logoM se punarjanma kI jAnakArI milatI hai; isase jIva ke astitva kI siddhi hotI hai| 3. zarIra ke parivartana se bhI hameM astitva kI siddhi samajha meM AtI haiN| jo zarIra bacapana meM choTA rahatA hai; vahI zarIra, krama se lambA-caur3A evaM balavAna hotA jAtA hai| 4. kucha viziSTa kAla bIta cukane para yuvAvasthA kA moTA zarIra dhIre-dhIre kSINa hotA jAtA hai, lekina janma se maraNaparyanta eka hI zarIra rahatA hai, isase usakI nityatA kA jJAna hotA hai| 5. zarIra naSTa hone para bhI jinase zarIra banA thA, una paramANuoM kA sarvathA nAza to hotA hI nahIM, isase pudgala kI nityatA bhI samajha meM AtI hai| paramAtmaprakAza zAstra meM munirAja yogIndudeva kA kathana bhI atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai; ve adhikAra 1, gAthA 56 meM likhate haiM "yaha AtmA kisI se bhI utpanna nahIM huA aura isa AtmA se bhI koI anya dravya utpanna nahIM huA / dravya, svabhAva se nitya jAno, jabaki paryAyabhAva se vinAzIka hai|" isaprakAra 'astitvaguNa' kA 11 praznottara ke sAtha vivecana pUrNa hotA hai| * (69) vastutvaguNa - vivecana // maGgalAcaraNa / / vastutvaguNa ke yoga se ho, dravya meM sva-sva kriyA; svAdhIna guNa - paryAya kA hI, pAna dravyoM ne kiyA / sAmAnya aura vizeSatA se, kara rahe nija kAma ko; yoM mAnakara vastutva ko, pAo vimala zivadhAma ko / / isa vastutvaguNa ke kAraNa hI pratyeka dravya meM hamezA apane-apane svabhAva ke anusAra kArya hotA rahatA hai; ataH sabhI (anantAnanta) dravyoM ne apane-apane guNa-paryAyoM kA mAnoM rasapAna hI kara liyA hai| eka vastutvaguNa ke kAraNa hI dravya, apane-apane sabhI sAmAnya athavA vizeSa kArya karatA hai / isataraha satyArtha vastu-svabhAva ko jAnakara / mAnakara bhavya jIva jJAtA dRSTA hokara pAvana zivadhAma ko prApta kreN| 152. prazna - astitvaguNa ke turanta bAda vastutvaguNa kA kathana kyoM kiyA hai? vastutvaguNa ko dUsarA kramAMka dene meM koI kAraNa hai kyA ? uttara - 1. astitvaguNa ke kAraNa dravya kI sattA to siddha ho jAtI hai; parantu usase dravya ke svabhAva kA patA nahIM calA; ataH pratyeka dravya ke svabhAva kA nirNaya karane ke lie vastutvaguNa kA kathana kiyA hai| 2. maiM jIva, jAnanA - dekhanA chor3akara anya koI kArya (jaise, samAja kA sudhAra, dezoddhAra, zarIra ko svastha rakhanA Adi ) kara sakatA hU~ - aisI ajJAnI kI viparIta mAnyatA dUra karane ke lie vastutvaguNa kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai| - 3. jIva ko apanI jAnana dekhanasvarUpa sImA kA jJAna karAne ke lie vastutvaguNa kA kathana kiyA gayA hai| 4. jIvAdi pratyeka dravya kA apanA-apanA svatantra svabhAva arthAt kArya hai, koI bhI dravya vyartha arthAt bekAra nahIM hai - aisA jJAna karAne ke lie astitva ke pazcAt vastutvaguNa kA kathana kiyA jA rahA hai|
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________________ 138 jinadharma-vivecana 153. prazna - vastutvaguNa kise kahate haiM? uttara - jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya meM arthakriyAkAripanA (prayojanabhUtakriyA) hotA hai, use vastutvaguNa kahate haiN| 154. prazna - arthakriyAkAripane se kyA Azaya hai? uttara - pratyeka dravya, apane svabhAva ke anusAra hI kArya karatA hai athavA dravya meM jo apanI prayojanabhUta kriyA hotI hai, use hI 'arthakriyAkAripanA' kahate haiN| isaprakAra hama kaha sakate haiM - jisa zakti ke kAraNa pratyeka dravya, apane-apane svabhAva ke anusAra hI kArya karatA hai athavA pratyeka dravya meM jo apanI prayojanabhUtakriyA hotI hai, usa zaktivizeSa ko hI vastutvaguNa kahate haiN| 155. prazna - vastutvaguNa ke sambandha meM Agama meM kahA~-kahA~ kina-kina zabdoM meM kathana AyA hai? uttara - vastutvaguNa ke sambandha meM nimna Agama-pramANa prApta hote haiM - 1. AcArya kundakundakRta samayasAra zAstra kI gAthA 71 kI TIkA meM AcArya amRtacandra likhate haiM - "isa jagat meM jo vastu hai, vaha (apane) svabhAvamAtra hI hai aura sva kA bhavana (honA) vaha svabhAva hai; isalie nizcaya se jJAna kA honA yA pariNamanA so AtmA hai aura krodhAdi kA honA pariNamanA, so krodhAdi hai|" 2. AcAryazrI devasena viracita AlApapaddhati zAstra ke guNa-vyutpatti adhikAra ke sUtra 95 meM AyA hai - "vastuno bhAvaH vastutvaM, sAmAnyavizeSAtmakaM vastu arthAt vastu kA jo svabhAva arthAt sAmAnya vizeSAtmaka svabhAva hai, use vastutvaguNa kahate haiN|" 3. "vastu kA jo utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyAtmaka arthakriyAkAritva hai, use vastutva kahate haiN|" 4. kArtikeyAnuprekSA meM gAthA 225 meM AyA hai - "jo vastu vastutvaguNa-vivecana 139 anekAnta-svarUpa hai, vahI niyama se kAryakArI hai; kyoMki loka meM aneka dharmayukta padArtha hI kAryakArI dekhA jAtA hai|" 156. prazna - vastutvaguNa ke svarUpa ko udAharaNa dekara spaSTa kIjie? uttara - vastutvaguNa arthAt pratyeka dravya kA svabhAva ke anusAra kArya karanA, yaha vastu kA vAstavika svarUpa hai| jaise- koI vRddha vyakti hai, use A~khoM se spaSTa dikhAI nahIM detA hai; vaha cazme ke nambara ko badalate-badalate parezAna ho jAtA hai| yadi vaha kalpanA kare ki bhaviSya meM mujhe kAnoM se dekhanA aura A~khoM se sunanA sukhadAyaka hogA; jisase mujhe cazme ke nambara bhI nahIM badalane par3eMge aura apanA kAma bhI hotA rahegA; kyoMki apane pAsa kAna bhI do haiM aura A~kheM bhI do / mAtra unakA kAma badalanA hai| yahA~ Apase prazna hai ki isa A~kha-kAna ke kAma ko badalane ke vicAroM se kyA Apa sahamata haiM? kyA yaha sambhava hai ki koI manuSya kAnoM se dekha sake athavA A~khoM se suna sake? ApakA spaSTa uttara hogA ki yaha nahIM ho sakatA: kyoMki pratyeka indriya apanA-apanA hI kAma kara sakatI hai| nimittarUpa se A~kheM, dekhane kA kAma chor3akara aura kucha nahIM kara sakatI / kAna, sunane kA kAma chor3akara aura kucha nahIM kara sakate / ise hama isa prakAra bhI kaha sakate haiM - 1. kAnoM (karNendriya) kA svabhAva yA kArya 'zabda sunanA' hai| 2. A~khoM (netrendriya) kA svabhAva yA kArya 'varNa dekhanA hai| 3. nAka (ghrANendriya) kA svabhAva yA kArya 'gandha sa~ghanA' hai| 4. jIbha (rasanendriya) kA svabhAva yA kArya 'rasa cakhanA' hai| 5. sparzanendriya kA svabhAva yA kArya 'sparza jAnanA' hai| arthAt pratyeka indriya kA kAma apane svabhAva ke anusAra pRthakpRthak hI hai; ataH hama vicAra kara sakate haiM ki jahA~ pA~coM indriyoM kA kAma apane svabhAva ke anusAra hI kArya karane kA hai| isaprakAra jaba loka meM saba vastuoM kA svabhAva bhinna-bhinna hai to jIvAdi chahoM dravyoM kA svabhAva bhI bhinna-bhinna kyoM nahIM ho sakatA? (70)
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________________ 140 jinadharma-vivecana avazya hI chaha dravyoM kA svabhAva bhinna-bhinna hI hai| ananta sarvajJa bhagavantoM kI isa sambandha meM kyA AjJA hai? hameM bhI yaha viSaya tarka aura yuktiyoM se kisa prakAra samajha meM A sakatA hai; yaha vicAraNIya hai| atyanta alpabuddhi manuSya ko pA~coM indriyoM ke sarva kArya aura svabhAva jAnane meM Ate haiN| pudgala ke svabhAva / lakSaNa ko AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra grantha ke adhyAya 5, sUtra 23 meM kahA hai - 'sparzarasagandhavarNavantaH pudgalAH arthAt sparza, rasa, gandha aura varNa guNavAle pudgala hote haiN|' kyA yaha pudgaladravya apane lakSaNa arthAt svabhAva ko chor3akara kucha anya kAma kara sakatA hai? jaise TI.vI. ko hI le lIjie, vaha blaikaeNDa vhAiTa ho yA raMgIna, vaha darzakoM ko usa para prasArita honevAle citrAdi ko dikhAegA hI, para vaha svayaM kabhI nahIM dekha / jAna sakatA hai; kyoMki jisakA jo svabhAva hotA hai, usI ke anusAra vaha kArya karatA hai, anya prakAra se nahIM / isIprakAra phaiksa mazIna se deza-videza ke patra, kSaNabhara meM chapakara sAmane A jAte haiM, para vaha mazIna una patroM ko par3ha nahIM sakatI, jAna nahIM sakatI; kyoMki yaha usakA svabhAva hI nahIM hai| aise hI hameM Tepa rikArDara Adi pudgaloM para ghaTAkara bhI vastusvabhAva ko samajhanA caahie| AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra ke dUsare adhyAya, sUtra 8 meM jIva kA lakSaNa / svabhAva upayogo lakSaNam kahA hai| 'upayoga arthAt jJAnadarzana jIva kA lakSaNa / svabhAva hai|' jIva, kisI bhI avasthA meM ho, cAra gatiyoM meM ho athavA paMcama gati 'siddha' avasthA meM ho; vahA~ bhI vaha mAtra jAnane-dekhane kA hI kAma karegA, anya kAma- jaise dukAna calAnA, kuTumba kA saMcAlana karanA, deza kA uddhAra karanA, apane zarIra ko svastha rakhanA Adi kArya kara hI nahIM sktaa| itihAsa hamAre sAmane hai| bhArata meM aneka sthAnoM para mUrti-bhaMjakoM ne bhagavAna AdinAtha Adi tIrthaMkaroM kI pratimAoM ko khaNDita kiyA hai| elorA Adi aitihAsika sthAnoM para bhI mUrtibhaMjakoM ne tIrthaMkara sarvajJa (71) vastutvaguNa - vivecana 141 bhagavantoM kI mUrtiyA~ tor3I haiN| kyA jisa samaya ve mUrtiyA~ khaNDita / tor3I jA rahI thI, usa samaya usa duSkRtya kA jJAna, ananta sarvajJa bhagavantoM ko huA thA yA nahIM? are! unheM ananta kAla pahale hI yaha jJAna ho gayA thA ki isa samaya yaha kArya hogaa| yahA~ yaha prazna upasthita honA bhI svAbhAvika hai ki aisA aniSTa kArya hotA huA dekhakara bhI ve kyA kara rahe the? hamArA uttara hai ki ve kucha nahIM kara rahe the| punaH 157. prazna utpanna hotA hai ki kucha nahIM kaise ? isakA samAdhAna yaha hai ki are! ve sarvajJa bhagavAna bhI jJAnasvabhAvI AtmA haiM, ataH apane svabhAva ke anusAra jAnane kA kAma avazya kara rahe the| punaH 158. prazna upasthita hotA hai ki ve jAnate hue bhI una duSTa puruSoM ko aisA nindya kArya karane se roka kyoM nahIM rahe the? ve to anantavIrya ke dhanI the, ataH unheM to rokanA cAhiye thaa| ve kisI anya vyakti ke aniSTa kArya ko bhale hI na rokeM; para apanI tathA apane samAna anya tIrthaMkara bhagavantoM kI mUrtiyA~ to unheM surakSita rakhanA cAhiye thaa| apanI hI mUrtiyoM ko sarvajJa bhagavAna ne surakSita kyoM nahIM rakhA ? - yaha hamArI samajha meM nahIM AtA? isa prazna kA bhI yahI uttara hai ki bhagavAna ananta vIrya ke svAmI hone para bhI ve apane jAnana dekhana svabhAva kI maryAdA kA ullaMghana kaise kara sakate haiM? jaise- bhArata kA pradhAnamantrI bhI apane deza meM jo cAhe parivartana kara sakatA hai, para anya kisI bhI deza ke kAryoM meM hastakSepa karane kA adhikAra pradhAnamantrI ko bhI nahIM hai| isItaraha eka jIvadravya, pudgalAdi pA~ca ajIvoM tathA apane ko chor3akara, anya ananta jIvadravyoM meM kucha nahIM kara sakatA hai; kyoMki yaha usake adhikAra kSetra se bAhara kI bAta hai| jJAtA-dRSTA rahanA arthAt jAnanA-dekhanA hI jIva kA apanA kAma hai; anya kucha karanA, usakA kArya hai hI nhiiN| imalI khaTTI bhI rahe aura namaka ke samAna khArI bhI ho jAe, yaha kaise sambhava hai? isIprakAra jIva, jAnatA-dekhatA bhI rahe aura ghara-gRhasthI tathA dukAna-makAna kI vyavasthA kA kAma bhI karatA rahe yaha sambhava nahIM hai /
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________________ 142 jinadharma-vivecana vastutvaguNa-vivecana 143 159. prazna - hama laukika-vyavahArika jIvana meM pratyakSa dekhate haiM ki aneka vyakti apanA dukAna-makAna kA kArya karate haiN| aneka loga sevAbhAva se aneka saMsthAoM aura deza-sevA kA kArya bhI karate haiM to unheM karane do, rokate kyoM ho? uttara - hama unheM rokate kahA~ haiM? hama to vastu-vyavasthA kA yathArtha jJAna karAte haiN| bhAI! koI apanI manamarjI se maiM saba kAma kara sakatA hU~yA kara rahA hU~ - aisI mithyA mAnyatA karatA rahe to use kauna roka sakatA hai? gRhastha ko apane jIvana meM vidyamAna rAgavaza kucha kArya karane kA bhAva AtA hai, usakA bhI yahA~ niSedha karane kA prayojana nahIM hai| hameM to vastutvaguNa kI paribhASA ke paripekSya meM yaha samajhAnA hai ki jIva, apane svabhAva ke anusAra mAtra prayojanabhUta kArya hI kara sakatA hai, anya nhiiN| jIva kA svabhAva to mAtra jAnanA hai - isakI mukhyatA se hI yahA~ kathana cala rahA hai| AdhyAtmika kavi DaoN. hukamacanda bhArilla ne eka kavitA meM kahA hai - zuddhAtama hai merA nAma, mAtra jAnanA merA kaam| yaha kAvyAMza bAlabodha pAThamAlA' se liyA gayA hai; ataH yaha bAlakoM ke lie hai, praur3hoM ke lie nahIM - aisA socanA bhI yuktisaMgata nahIM hai| yaha tathya to jinAgama ke anusAra adhyAtma kA prANa' hai| eka apekSA se to yaha dvAdazAMga arthAt sampUrNa jinendra vANI kA saMkSipta sAra hai| koI viSaya, kadAcit hamArI samajha meM nahIM AtA ho to vaha viSaya hI asatya hai, yaha to nahIM kahA jA sktaa| aisA kathana karanA to jinendra bhagavAna dvArA prarUpita parama satya tattva kA sIdhA virodha karanA hai aura jo nigoda kA hI kAraNa hai| 160. prazna - vastutvaguNa ke kAraNa dravya ko kyA kahate haiM? uttara - vastutvaguNa ke kAraNa se dravya ko 'vastu' kahate haiN| 161. prazna - vastutvaguNa ko na mAnane se kyA hAni hai? uttara - vastutvaguNa ko na mAnane se dravya ke nirarthakapane kA arthAt kArya-zUnyatA kA prasaMga upasthita hotA hai| 162. prazna - vastutvaguNa ko jAnane se hameM kyA-kyA lAbha prApta hote haiM? uttara - vastutvaguNa ko jAnane se hameM nimna lAbha prApta hote haiM - 1. prayojanabhUtakriyA kA artha yaha hai ki pratyeka dravya apane-apane svabhAva ke anusAra kArya karatA hai| pratyeka dravya svatantra hai, usameM usakA apanA pRthak vastutvaguNa hai, usake kAraNa vaha dravya nirantara apanA kArya karatA hI rahatA hai| jaise, kahIM ghAsa par3I ho aura vaha sar3a rahI ho to vaha sar3anA bhI usakA vaibhAvika svabhAva hai, use aniSTa jAnanA to rAgamizrita jJAna hai| usakA saDanA bhI usake parAzrita vaibhAvika svabhAva kI sArthakatA hai tathA na sar3ate hue surakSita rahanA bhI svabhAva ke anusAra hI hai; isaprakAra jagata kA koI bhI padArtha nirarthaka nahIM hai - aisA jJAna hotA hai| 2. Izvara ke kartRtva kA niSedha ho jAtA hai| kyoMki kisI bhI eka dravya meM honevAlA kArya, kisI bhI anya dravya ke kAraNa se nahIM hotaa| isaprakAra pratyeka vastu ke honevAle kArya meM parAdhInatA kA sarvathA niSedha ho jAtA hai| isaprakAra pratyeka dravya kI prayojanabhUta kriyA, usake vastutvaguNa ke kAraNa se hotI hai; anya kisI kAraNa se nahIM - aise pratyeka vastu kI svatantratA kA jJAna hotA hai| 3. apane kArya meM para kI pratIkSA yA apekSA kA bhAva, sahaja hI chUTa jAtA hai tathA apanA kArya, svayaM karane meM umaMgapUrvaka utsAha bar3hatA hai| 4. jaba jIva, kisI bhI kArya ko iSTa yA aniSTa mAnatA hai to rAgadveSa utpanna hote haiM; kintu vastutvaguNa ke kAraNa koI bhI kArya iSTaaniSTa lagatA hI nahIM hai; pariNAmasvarUpa samatAbhAva utpanna hone se vItarAgatA kA prAdurbhAva hone lagatA hai| 5. jAnanA, jIva kA svabhAva hai; svabhAva, kabhI daHkha kA kAraNa ho hI nahIM sktaa| svabhAva to sukha se paripUrNa rahatA hai - aisA patA calatA hai| jaise - jaba hama koI vastrAdi kharIdate haiM, taba yadi kisI mitrAdi ke dvArA use mahaMgA saudA batAyA jAe to hameM kharIdA huA sAmAna mahaMgA lagane lagatA hai; taba hama socate haiM ki hamArA paisA anAvazyakarUpa se adhika kharca ho gayA, yaha jAnakara hameM duHkha hone lagatA hai; ataH jAnanA, (72)
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________________ 144 jinadharma-vivecana duHkha kA kAraNa hai yaha bhrAnti utpanna hone lagatI hai| lekina vAstava meM dekhA jAe to jo adhika paisA kharca hone se duHkha huA hai, vaha lobha kaSAya jAgRta hone se huA hai; parantu ajJAnI, jJAna ko hI duHkha kA kAraNa mAnane lagatA hai, jo sarvathA asatya hai / 6. AtmA ke jJAtA-dRSTApane kI zraddhA karanA hI siddhatva-prApti kA saccA kAraNa hai| vastusvarUpa ke satya zraddhAna ko hI samyagdarzana kahA gayA hai| maiM jAnanasvabhAvI bhagavAna AtmA hU~, isakI svIkRti hote hI mokSamArga kA patha prazasta ho jAtA hai, isI mArga para calanA, yahI to saccA mokSamArga hai aura yahI vAstavika vItarAgatA hai| jaise laukika jIvana meM hama jAnate haiM ki yadi kisI garIba vyakti ko dhanI bananA hai to vaha viziSTa dhanavAna puruSa kI sevA karatA hai tathA jisa vidhi se dhana kamAyA jAtA hai, use sIkhatA hai aura usI prakAra se dhana kamAne kA prayatna karatA hai to use bhI nizcitarUpa se dhana kI prApti hotI hai| isI vidhi se aneka dhanArthI manuSyoM ko dhana kamAne kA kArya karate-karate karor3apati banate hue hama pratyakSa meM dekhate haiN| isIprakAra yadi hama arahanta-siddha banane kI bhAvanA rakhate haiM to hameM bhI jAnanA cAhie ki ve kisa vidhi se arahanta-siddha bane haiM, usa vidhi ko hameM apanAnA caahie| jaise- arahanta-siddha bhagavAna anukUlapratikUla parivartanoM ko mAtra jAnate-dekhate haiM, rAga-dveSa nahIM karate; vaise hI saMsAra avasthA meM rahanevAle jIva ko bhI mAtra jAnane kA hI apanA prayojanabhUta kArya (svabhAva ke anusAra kArya) karate rahanA cAhie to nizcita hI saMsArI jIva bhI krama-krama se pragati karate hue arahanta-siddha bane binA nahIM rahe / purANoM ke anusAra gajakumAra munirAja, sukamAla munirAja, sukauzala munirAja Adi isake pratyakSa udAharaNa haiN| 163. prazna muni banane para to 'mAtra jAnanA merA kAma' - yaha bAta satya pratIta hotI hai; kintu gRhastha avasthA meM to yaha asambhava hai, yahI samajhanA cAhie na ? (73) vastutvaguNa- vivecana 145 uttara - nahIM, nahIM; gRhastha jIvana meM bhI 'mAtra jAnanA merA kAma ' aisI svIkRti asambhava nahIM hai| prathamAnuyoga ke granthoM meM aise zrAvakoM ke aneka udAharaNa mila jAe~ge, jinhoMne 'mAtra jAnanA merA kAma' svIkAra karake pratyakSa dikhAyA hai| jaise- seTha sudarzana para viSayAsakta rAnI ke kAraNa phA~sI para car3hAye jAne kA prasaMga upasthita huA thA, kintu sudarzana ne apane prANoM kI bhIkha nahIM mA~gI, ve to mauna hI rahe the| unhoMne 'mAtra jAnanA merA kAma' - aise apane AtmasvarUpa ko svIkArate hue apane satya zraddhAna aura dhairya kA paricaya diyA thaa| hA~, pUrva puNya ke udaya se vaha phA~sI kA phandA, sundara puSpahAra bana gayA thA, yaha pRthak viSaya hai| 'mokSamArgaprakAzaka' grantha ke racayitA tathA krAntikArI vicAraka paNDitapravara ToDaramalajI ne bhI rAjA dvArA hAthI ke paira se kucalakara mAre jAne ke Adeza para bhI 'maiM jAnanasvabhAvI AtmA hU~ - isa zraddhA kA paricaya dete hue apane prANoM kI Ahuti dI thI, kSamAyAcanA nahIM kI thIM / jaise - rAmAyaNa meM sItAjI kI surakSA hetu lakSmaNajI ne lakSmaNa-rekhA khIMcI thI aura kahA thA ki 'Apa isa rekhA ke bAhara mata jaanaa| rekhA ke andara Apa pUrNa surakSita haiM, bAhara khatarA hai' parantu sItAjI ne lakSmaNa kI bAta na mAnakara usakA ullaMghana kiyA, pariNAmasvarUpa unake sAmane khatarA upasthita huA aura chadmabheSI rAvaNa ke dvArA unakA haraNa kara liyA gayA / vaise hI jaba taka yaha jIva 'maiM jAnanasvabhAvI hU~- isa sImA meM rahatA hai; taba taka use para kartRtva kI vAsanA, mithyAbhAva tathA nahIM rhtii| lekina apanI jAnanasvabhAvI sImA ko pAra karate hI yathArtha / samyak matirUpI sItA ko ajJAnarUpa para-kartRtva-buddhi kA rAvaNa haraNa kara letA hai aura saMsAra paribhramaNarUpI rAmAyaNa ghaTita ho jAtA hai; ataH 'mAtra jAnanA merA kAma' - isa vastutvaguNa ke marma ko apane jIvana meM utArane kA prayatna avazya karanA caahie| isa prakAra 'vastutvaguNa' kA 12 praznottara ke sAtha vivecana pUrNa hotA hai|
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________________ dravyatvaguNa - vivecana / / maGgalAcaraNa / / dravyatvaguNa isa vastu ko, jaga meM palaTatA hai sadA; lekina kabhI bhI dravya to. tajatA na lakSaNa sampadA / svadravya meM mokSArthI ho, svAdhIna sukha lo sarvadA; ho nAza jisase Aja taka kI, duHkhadAyI bhava kathA / / 'dravyatva' nAmaka sAmAnyaguNa, pratyeka vastu kI payAryoM ko sadA badalatA/palaTatA rahatA hai; lekina pratyeka vastu, pratisamaya badalate hue bhI apanI lakSaNarUpI sampadA kA kabhI tyAga nahIM karatI; ataH pratyeka jIva ko mokSArthI hokara svadravya meM hI lIna honA cAhie tathA apanA svAdhIna sukha bhoganA cAhie; jisase bhavya jIvoM ke anAdikAla ke saMsArajanita duHkha kA nAza hove aura avinAzI ananta sukha kI prApti hove / 164. prazna - dravyatvaguNa ke kathana kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? uttara - dravyatvaguNa kA mahattva hama nimna binduoM ke mAdhyama se samajha sakate haiM - 1. jIvAdi chaha dravya anAdinidhana hone se nitya hI haiM; tathApi paryAya kI apekSA se ve dravya satata badalate rahate haiM arthAt nitya dravya, anitya paryAya aMza ke sAtha hI rahatA hai; ataH vastu nityAnityAtmaka hai - isa parama satya kA jJAna karAne ke lie dravyatvaguNa kA kathana Avazyaka hai| 2. vastu kI pariNamanazIlatA arthAt kisI bhI vastu kI sthii sadaiva eka-sI nahIM rahatI - yaha spaSTatayA samajhane ke lie bhI dravyatvaguNa kA vivecana karanA ati Avazyaka hai| 3. maiM kisI bhI vastu kI avasthA badala sakatA hU~ - isa mithyA mAnyatA ko dUra karane ke lie bhI dravyatvaguNa kA kathana karanA anivArya hai| (74) dravyatvaguNa - vivecana 4. apanA hita-ahita maiM svayaM hI karatA hU~, koI Izvara yA karmAdika nahIM - aisA satyArtha jJAna karAne ke lie dravyatvaguNa kA jJAna karanA atyanta Avazyaka hai / 147 165. prazna- dravyatvaguNa kise kahate haiM? uttara- jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya kI avasthAyeM nirantara badalatI rahatI haiM; use dravyatvaguNa kahate haiN| 166. prazna - dravya kI avasthAyeM nirantara badalatI rahatI haiM; isakA artha to yaha huA ki dravya nahIM badalatA, mAtra usakI avasthAyeM hI badalatI haiM; isalie hameM prazna utpanna hotA hai ki dravya aura unakI avasthAyeM kyA alaga-alaga rahatI haiM? uttara - nahIM, dravya aura usakI paryAyeM koI pRthak-pRthak nahIM rahatI haiM - isakA spaSTIkaraNa AcArya kundakunda ne paMcAstikAya zAstra meM kiyA hai / tatsambandhI gAthA 11 evaM usakI saMskRta TIkA kA hindI anuvAda isaprakAra hai - " dravya kA utpAda yA vinAza nahIM hai, sadbhAva hai| usakI paryAyeM hI vinAza, utpAda aura dhruvatA karatI haiN| yahA~ donoM nayoM ke dvArA dravya kA lakSaNa vibhakta kiyA gayA hai| (arthAt do nayoM kI apekSA se dravya-lakSaNa ke do vibhAga kiye gaye haiN|) sahavartI guNoM aura kramavartI paryAyoM ke sadbhAvarUpa trikAla - avasthAyI (trikAla sthita rahanevAle), anAdi-ananta dravya ke vinAza aura utpAda ucita nahIM haiM, parantu usakI paryAyoM ke sahavartI kucha (paryAyoM) kA dhrauvya hone para bhI anya kramavartI (paryAyoM) ke vinAza aura utpAda honA ghaTita hote haiM; isalie dravya, dravyArthika- Adeza (dravyArthikanaya ke kathana) se utpAdarahita, vinAzarahita, sat svabhAvavAlA hI jAnanA cAhie aura vahI (dravya), paryAyArthika- Adeza (paryAyArthikanaya ke kathana) se utpAdavAlA tathA vinAzavAlA jAnanA cAhie yaha saba niravadya (nirdoSa, nirbAdha, aviruddha) hai; kyoMki dravya aura paryAyoM kA abheda (abhinnapanA) hai / "
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________________ 148 jinadharma-vivecana 149 167. prazna - phira kyA dravya aura usakI paryAyeM sarvathA abhinna hI hotI haiM? uttara - aisA bhI nahIM hai| dravya aura usakI paryAyeM, kathaMcit bhinna aura kathaMcit abhinna hotI haiN| ananta sarvajJa jinendra bhagavantoM dvArA kathita vastu-vyavasthA hI Azcarya aura AnandakArI hai| pratyeka dravya nitya rahate hue bhI badalatA hai aura badalate hue bhI nitya rahatA hai| vastusvabhAva hI nityAnityAtmaka hai| jabaki dravyArthikanaya se nitya aMza dravya kahalAtA hai aura paryAyArthikanaya se anitya aMza paryAya / jaise - bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIva - pururavA bhIla, mArIci, zera Adi kI paryAyoM se anitya rahate hue bhI sarva paryAyoM meM jIva, jIvarUpa se akhaNDa aura nitya hI rahA hai| manuSya bhI bAla, yuvA, vRddha avasthAoM ko prApta karate hue manuSyarUpa hI rahatA hai| bhagavAna pArzvanAtha kA jIva apane pUrva dasoM bhavoM meM aura vartamAna siddha avasthA meM bhI jIva hI hai| __anAdi-ananta mAtra jIvapane ko dekhate haiM to nityatA dhyAna meM AtI hai, isa nityatA ko jIvadravya kahate haiN| jIva, jIvarUpa meM rahakara bhI aneka avasthAoM ko prApta karatA rahatA hai, una avasthAoM ko hI paryAya kahate haiN| isaprakAra dravya aura paryAyoM ko eka sAtha rahane meM koI bAdhA nahIM aatii| yaha jo jIvAdi dravyoM meM aneka avasthAoM kA parivartana/badalAva calatA rahatA hai| yaha parivartanarUpa kArya, dravyatvaguNa ke kAraNa hotA hai; yahI viSaya yahA~ samajhanA hai| dravyatvaguNa kI paribhASA meM jo nirantara zabda AyA hai, vaha bhI atyanta mahatvapUrNa hai| nirantara arthAt bIca meM antara rahe binA sadaiva hai| kucha miniTa yA eka saikeNDa yA samayamAtra ke lie bhI avasthA kA badalanA rukatA ho - aisA nahIM hai| saikeNDa se bhI atisUkSma kAla samaya dravyatvaguNa-vivecana kA hai| 'samaya' se koI choTA kAla kA vibhAga hotA hI nahIM hai| samayasamaya para pratyeka avasthA niyama se badalatI hI rahatI hai| 168. prazna - paNDitoM ke paNDita zrI gopAladAsajI baraiyA ne jaina siddhAnta pravezikA meM dravyatvaguNa kI jo paribhASA dI hai, vaha kyA anya zAstroM meM bhI milatI hai? uttara - hA~, hA~; kyoM nahIM milatI? aneka AcAryoM ne apane granthoM meM dravyatvaguNa kA kathana kiyA hai, jo nimnAnusAra hai - 1. AcAryazrI kundakunda ne pravacanasAra gAthA 9 meM kahA hai - jIvo pariNamadi jadA suheNa asaheNa vA saho asuho| suddheNa tadA suddho, havadi hi pariNAma sabbhAvo / / jIva, pariNAmasvabhAvI hone se jaba zubha yA azubha bhAvarUpa pariNamana karatA hai, taba zubha yA azubha hotA hai aura jaba zuddhabhAvarUpa pariNamita hotA hai, taba zuddha hotA hai| 2. pravacanasAra gAthA 164 ke tRtIya caraNa meM 'pariNAmAdo bhaNidaM' - aisA kahakara pariNamana svabhAva arthAt dravyatvaguNa batalAyA hai| AcArya amRtacandra aura AcArya jayasena ne bhI gAthA kI TIkA meM pariNamanasvabhAva kA spaSTIkaraNa kiyA hai| 3. kArtikeyAnuprekSA grantha kI gAthA 217 meM svAmI kArtikeya evaM usakI utthAnikA meM paNDita zrI jayacandajI chAbar3A likhate haiM - "pariNamana kI zakti svabhAvabhUta saba dravyoM meM hai| saba dravya apaneapane pariNamana ke upAdAnakAraNa haiN|" 4. AcAryazrI amRtacandra ne samayasAra kI TIkA karate hue kalaza 52 meM likhA hai - "vastu eka hI sadA pariNamita hotI hai, eka ke hI sadA pariNAma hote haiM aura eka kI hI pariNati (kriyA) hotI hai; kyoMki anekarUpa hone para bhI vastu eka hI hai, bhedarUpa nhiiN|" 5. samayasAra gAthA 372 kI TIkA meM bhI AcArya amRtacandra ne pariNamana-svabhAva ko udAharaNasahita acchA spaSTa kiyA hai|
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________________ 150 jinadharma-vivecana 6. AcArya devasena ne AlApapaddhati grantha ke guNa-vyutpatti adhikAra ke sUtra 96 meM atyanta spaSTa zabdoM meM batAyA hai - "dravya kA jo bhAva, use dravyatva kahate haiN| jo apane-apane pradezasamUha ke sAtha apanIapanI svabhAva-vibhAvaparyAyoM ke prati anvayarUpa se dravaNa yA gamana karatA hai, bhaviSya meM sadA gamana karegA tathA bhUtakAla meM gamana karate hue AyA hai; use dravya kahate haiN| dravya, trikAla avasthAyI hote hue bhI pratisamaya pariNamanazIla haiN|" 169. prazna - dravyatvaguNa ke kAraNa vastu ko kyA kahate haiM? uttara - dravyatvaguNa ke kAraNa vastu ko 'dravya' kahate haiN| 170. prazna - dravyatvaguNa ko nahIM mAnane se kyA hAni hai? uttara - dravyatvaguNa ko na mAnane se dravya ke sarvathA kUTastha/nitya hone kA prasaMga AtA hai| 171. prazna - dravyatvaguNa ko jAnane se hameM kyA-kyA lAbha haiM? uttara - sAMkhyadarzana nAma kA eka mata hai; usake anusAra dravya sadA kUTastha hai, nitya hI hai, usameM kabhI parivartana nahIM hotaa| deza-videza meM rahanevAle buddhaanuyAyiyoM kA bauddhamata hai; unake anusAra dravya mAtra kSaNadhvaMsI hai, vaha kabhI nitya ho hI nahIM sktaa| isaprakAra sAMkhya aura bauddhamata meM paraspara atyanta virodha hai| 1. inake virodha (sarvathA kSaNika evaM nitya ekAnta) ko miTAnevAlA jinadharma arthAt jainadarzana hai| jinendra bhagavAna kA mata hai ki dravya to nityAnityAtmaka hai| 172. zaMkA - jainadarzana ne sAMkhya tathA bauddha, donoM matoM kA mAtra samanvaya kA kArya kiyA hai, kevala unheM milAkara apanI baddhimAnI batAI hai; isameM jainadarzana kA svataMtra mata kahA~ rahA? samAdhAna - nahIM bhAI! aisA nahIM hai| jainadarzana kA mata arthAt ananta sarvajJa bhagavantoM kA mata; kyoMki sarvajJa bhagavantoM ke jJAna meM vastu dravyatvaguNa-vivecana kA jaisA svarUpa jJAta huA hai, vaisA hI vAstava meM vastusvarUpa hai aura unhoMne divyadhvani ke mAdhyama se vaisA hI batAyA hai| usa divyadhvani ke anusAra hI AcAryoM ne vastu-svarUpa ko lipibaddha kiyA hai; isameM caturAI/ hoziyArI athavA samanvaya/samajhautA karane kI koI bAta nahIM hai| ___dravya arthAt vastu kA svabhAva anAdikAla se svayameva hI nityAnityAtmaka hai| zrAvakAcAra ke prathama praNetA athavAnyAyazAstra ke pratiSThApaka mahAna tArkika AcArya samantabhadra ke zabdoM meM vastu to nityAnityAtmaka hI hai, usakA niSedha karanevAle hama kauna ho sakate haiM? 'dravya jaisA hai, usakA vaisA hI kathana karanA'- yahI jinadharma kA mata hai| sAMkhya tathA bauddha, donoM hI vastu ke eka aMza kA kathana karanevAle hone se asatya ke pratipAdaka haiM - aisA hameM pakkA nirNaya honA Avazyaka hai| dravya kI avasthAe~ badalanevAlA - yaha dravyatvaguNa, sAmAnyaguNa hone se chaha jAtiyoM ke dravyoM athavA pRthak-pRthak anantAnanta samasta dravyoM meM rahatA hai; ataH pratyeka dravya meM apane-apane dravyatvagaNa ke kAraNa hI parivartana hotA thA, ho rahA hai aura hotA rahegA - aisI satya vastuvyavasthA samajha meM AtI hai| 173. zaMkA - yadi kisI padArtha kA koI upayoga na kiyA jAe to vaha jaisA hai, vaisA hI anantakAla taka rahegA; usameM parivartana kahA~ ho rahA hai? samAdhAna - bhAI! parivartana (badalAva) ke binA koI vastu rahatI nahIM hai| mAna lIjie ki koI bAlaka 7-8 varSa kI umra meM hI dA~toM se cabAkara khAnA banda kara de; roTI, canA, mUMgaphalI Adi sabhI padArtha miksI meM pIsakara yA pAnI athavA dUdha meM galAkara/patalAkara nigalatA rahe to bhI usake dA~ta viziSTa umra vyatIta hone para hilane lageMge aura samaya pAkara gira bhI jAe~ge; kyoMki dA~ta, skandharUpa pudgala haiM, unameM bhI dravyatvaguNa hai, isa kAraNa unameM pratisamaya parivartana hotA hI rahatA hai| isI kAraNa dA~ta viziSTa umra bIta jAne para hilane lagate haiM, DhIle ho jAte haiM; ataH isa svAbhAvika pariNamana ko kauna roka sakatA hai? (76)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 174. zaMkA- kyA akRtrima jina-mandira aura jina-bimboM meM bhI parivartana hotA rahatA hai? samAdhAna - hA~, unameM bhI parivartana hotA hI rahatA hai; para itanA vizeSa samajhanA cAhie ki unameM honevAlA parivartana sadRzya pariNamanarUpa kahalAtA hai| 152 sAdi - ananta aise ananta siddha bhagavantoM ke jIvadravya meM bhI pratisamaya parivartana hotA hI rahatA hai| dravyatvaguNa, sAmAnyaguNa hai arthAt vaha sabhI dravyoM meM pAyA jAtA hai| yadi eka bAra hama isa vyavasthA ko svIkAra kara lete haiM to hamArI sabhI zaMkAe~ dUra ho jAtI haiN| anantAnanta sabhI dravyoM meM pratisamaya parivartana to hotA hI hotA hai; usameM koI bhI dravya apavAda rIti se bhI chUTa nahIM sktaa| vastu-vyavasthA meM chUTa kaisI ? chUTa lenA yA denA to rAgavaza kiyA jAnevAlA kArya hai| mAtA / bahineM, rAgavaza apane pAsa aneka sAr3iyA~ rakhatI haiM; unameM se kucha sAr3iyoM kA upayoga to varSa meM do-tIna bAra hI kara pAtI haiM; phira bhI samaya pAkara ve sAr3iyA~ phaTane lagatI haiN| isakA kAraNa dravyatvaguNa se honevAlA pariNamana hI samajhanA caahie| yaha svIkAra karane se parapadArthoM meM kartRtvabuddhi kA nAza ho jAtA hai| parapadArthoM meM honevAlA parivartana, usa padArtha meM sthita dravyatvaguNa ke kAraNa hI hotA hai, mere kAraNa nhiiN| isa taraha dravyatvaguNa ke nirNaya ke kAraNa kartAbuddhi kA sahaja hI abhAva ho jAtA hai| koI vyakti, rasoI ke upayoga ke lie bar3I kulhAr3I ke dvArA kisI bar3I lakar3I ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e karanA cAhatA hai| dekhanevAlI bAta yaha hai ki yadi kulhAr3I se lakar3I ke Tukar3e hote hoM to eka hI bAra lakar3I para kulhAr3I paTakane se lakar3I ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e ho jAnA cAhie, lekina aisA hotA nahIM hai| prathama bAra kulhAr3I paTakane para to mAtra sAmAnya nizAna bana pAtA hai| usake pazcAt usI nizAna para bAra-bAra kulhAr3I (77) dravyatvaguNa - vivecana 153 paTakane para lakar3I meM thor3I darAra bana jAtI hai| phira vaha vyakti, usI darAra meM lakar3I kA khU~TA pha~sA kara, usa para punaH punaH kulhAr3I paTakatA rahatA hai| - aisA karane para mAtra lakar3I ke do Tukar3e ho pAte haiN| aisA punaH punaH karane para hI lakar3I ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e hote haiN| lakar3I ke Tukar3e hone kA kArya lakar3I ke dravyatvaguNa ke kAraNa huA hai, anya kisI se nahIM; kyoMki lakar3Igata parivartana meM kAraNa lakar3I kA dravyatvaguNa hI hai| 175. zaMkA - lakar3I ke Tukar3e hone kA kArya, vyakti aura kulhAr3I ke nimitta se huA hai aisA kahane meM Apako saMkoca kyoM ho rahA hai? nimitta kA kathana karane meM Apako bhaya lagatA hai kyA? samAdhAna - are bhAI! nimitta kA kathana karane meM na hameM koI saMkoca hai, na bhaya; kyoMki nimitta kA kathana to sarva jJAniyoM ne sarvatra kiyA hai| kisI bhI kArya ke hone meM nimitta kAraNa to hotA hai, use svIkAra karanA hI caahie| hama bhI nimitta ko nimittarUpa se svIkAra karate hI haiN| para bhAI! yahA~ viSaya dravyatvaguNa kA cala rahA hai; ataH hama dravyatvaguNa kI mukhyatA se hI kathana karanA cAhate haiN| jisakI mukhyatA hotI hai, usakA kathana karanA hI nyAyasaMgata hai| 2. dUsarI bAta yaha hai ki sAre jagat kI dRSTi nimitta kI mukhyatA karane kI hai| anAdikAla se hama yaha jAnate A rahe haiM ki kulhAr3I ke nimitta se lakar3I ke Tukar3e-Tukar3e hote haiM, parantu yaha saMyogadRSTi hai| saMyogadRSTi meM to saMsAra hI khar3A rahatA hai| dravyatvaguNa ke kAraNa lakar3I ke Tukar3e hote haiM - yaha kathana svabhAvadRSTi kA hai| svabhAvadRSTi se hI saMsAra kA nAza hotA hai; ataH lakar3I ke Tukar3e hone ke kArya kA mUla kAraNa dravyatva guNa ko mAnanA hI ucita hai| 3. lakar3I ke Tukar3e hone meM kauna nimitta hai? aisA nimitta kI ora se prazna ho to uttara meM hama nimittoM kA jJAna karAne ke lie avazya kaheMge
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________________ 154 jinadharma-vivecana ki kAladravya, lakar3I ke Tukar3e karanevAlA majadUra, majadUra ko AjJA denevAlA mAlika, kulhAr3I, yaha kArya dina meM ho to sUrya kA prakAza, rAtri meM ho to bijalI kA prakAza, jisa makAna meM kAma cala rahA ho vaha makAna, jisa jamIna para lakar3I par3I ho vaha jamIna, majadUrI meM vyaya honevAlA dhana, Adi saba nimitta hI to haiM; nimittoM kI kahA~ kamI hai? kintu nimittoM kI mahimA aura nimittoM meM upAdeyabuddhi karane se to mithyAtva kA hI poSaNa hotA hai, dharma hone kA to prazna hI nahIM hai| 4. dravyadRSTi se parAzrita buddhi kA nAza hotA hai| hama apane meM dharma / ratnatraya pragaTa karanA cAhate haiM to apane nija AtmA ke Azraya ke bala se hI arthAt kevala svAvalambana se hI dharma pragaTa kara sakate haiM - aisA vizvAsa utpanna hotA hai| yadi anukUla nimitta, caturthakAla, sadguru, zarIra kI anukUlatA, ghara kA anukUla vAtAvaraNa, anukUla par3osI, yogya upadezaka, vizeSa zAstrajJAna, paryApta dhana Adi hoM to dharma kara sakatA hU~ - aisI mithyA buddhi kA svayameva abhAva ho jAtA hai| 5. mere puNyarUpa, pAparUpa athavA vItarAgatArUpa pariNamana kA maiM svayaM hI kartA huuN| mere pariNAmoM kI jimmedArI mere Upara hI hai| anya kisI viziSTa bhagavAna athavA paravastu para nahIM - aisA nirNaya hote hI manuSya, svayaM hI apane nija zuddhAtmA ke sanmukha ho jAtA hai| jaba mere sarva kArya mujhe hI karanA hai to maiM kisake bharose merA kAma chor3a dU~? ghara meM athavA kisI saMsthA meM eka kAma kI jimmedArI aneka logoM para ho to kAma samaya para nahIM hotA aura hotA bhI hai to acchA nahIM hotA; kyoMki kArya karanevAle vyaktiyoM kI ekAgratA usa kArya ke prati nahIM hotI, ataH manoyoga se kArya nahIM krte| jaba kisI eka kAma kI jimmedArI kisI eka hI vyakti para ho to vaha usa kAma ko pUrNa manoyogapUrvaka uttama se uttama karane kA prayatna karatA hai aura kArya zreSThatama hotA hai| (78) dravyatvaguNa - vivecana 155 isIprakAra merA AtmakalyANa mujhe hI karanA hai, maiM hI use kara sakatA hU~, anya nahIM aisA nirNaya dravyatvaguNa se hotA hai; ataH nirNAyaka vyakti ko Atmasanmukha kArya meM bala AtA hai| 6. mokSamArgaprakAzaka zAstra ke sAtaveM adhyAya meM AcAryakalpa paNDita ToDaramalajI dharma kA svarUpa samajhAte hue likhate haiM- "jaba tattvajJAna ke abhyAsa se koI padArtha iSTa-aniSTa bhAsita na hote; taba svayameva hI krodhAdika utpanna nahIM hote, taba saccA dharma hotA hai|" krodhAdika utpanna nahIM hote, isakA artha- rAga-dveSa utpanna nahIM hote - aisA samajhanA caahie| zAstra meM krodha mAna ko dveSarUpa aura mAyA-lobha ko rAgarUpa kahA hai| hAsya, rati tathA tInoM vedoM (strIpuruSa-napuMsaka) ko bhI rAgarUpa aura arati, zoka, bhaya evaM jugupsA ko dveSarUpa mAnA gayA hai| jaba koI bhI manuSya, dravyatvaguNa ke svarUpa ko yathArthataH jAna letA hai| to vaha tattvajJAna kA abhyAsI ho jAtA hai evaM use rAga-dveSa utpanna hI nahIM hote aisA samajhanA caahie| vartamAna meM koI rogI hotA hai to use yaha samajhanA Avazyaka hai ki yaha roga -avasthA hamezA rahanevAlI nahIM hai, niroga avasthA bhI avazya hogii| jo abhI niroga hai, use bhI roga avasthA Ane kI sambhAvanA ko svIkAra karanA anivArya hai| jo dhanavAna hai, vaha nirdhana ho sakatA hai; jo nirdhana hai, vaha bhI dhanavAna ho sakatA hai ina sabakA kAraNa vastu kI sthiti sadA eka-sI nahIM rahatI; kyoMki dravyatvaguNa ke kAraNa pratisamaya parivartana hote rahanA vastu kA svarUpa hI hai| 7. vartamAna meM ajJAnI rAga-dveSa-moha se duHkhI to hai hI; parantu use usameM parivartana karAnevAle dravyatvaguNa kA jJAna hote hI apane duHkha ke nAza hone kI AzA aMkurita ho jAtI hai| vizva kI vastu vyavasthA jIva ke hita meM hai- yaha niyama Azcarya
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________________ 156 jinadharma-vivecana tathA AnandakArI hai| duHkhamaya saMsAradazA se mukta hone kI vyavasthA to vastu ke svarUpa meM hai hI aura sukhamaya siddha avasthA kA bhI sAdi anantakAla taka cirasthAyI rahane kA niyama hai| sukhamayI siddha avasthA se koI jIva duHkhamayI saMsAra avasthA meM kabhI AtA hI nahIM hai / isakAraNa hI jainadarzana meM kisI bhagavAna ne avatAra liyA ho, yaha bAta hai hI nhiiN| ___saMsAra meM avatAra lene kA koI kAraNa bhI nahIM rahatA hai; kyoMki siddhAlaya meM virAjamAna siddhajIva ko vahA~ kabhI koI kamI yA AvazyakatA kA anubhava hI nahIM hotA, jisakI pUrti hetu ve saMsAra meM avatAra lekara kreN| vAstava meM to saMsAra se siddhAlaya meM jAne kA eka taraphA mArga (One way Traffic) hai| saMsAra se siddhAlaya meM jAne kA mArga to hai. lekina siddhAlaya se saMsAra meM Ane kA koI mArga hI nahIM hai| 8. kisI bhI iSTa-avasthA ko sukhadAyaka mAnakara, usameM sthAyIpane kA bhAva rakhanA hI paryAyamUr3hatA hai| dravyatvaguNa ko jAnane para paryAya meM sthAyIpane kA bhAva hI utpanna nahIM hotA; ataH paryAya kA yathArtha jJAna to hotA hI hai, para duHkhadAyaka paryAyamUr3hatA kA sahaja hI parihAra ho jAtA hai| 9. karma ko balavAna mAnane kI khoTI mAnyatA naSTa ho jAtI hai| dravyatvaguNa ke jJAna binA ajJAnI jIva nimittAdhIna dRSTivAna banakara yaha mAnatA hai ki krodhAdika kaSAya- pariNAmoM ko karma hI karAtA hai, karma hI mujhe duHkha de rahA hai - isa mAnyatA se hI vaha duHkhI hokara bhramita ho jAtA hai| jaba vaha vastusvarUpa kA yathArtha nirNaya hI nahIM kara pAtA to dharma kahA~ aura kaise kara sakatA hai? dravyatvaguNa ke kAraNa krodhAdi vikArI pariNAma bhI jIva kA kArya hai aura vaha aparAdha bhI jIva kA hI hai - aisI yathArtha mAnyatA hone para karma ke balavAnapane kA mithyAbhAva sahaja hI nikala jAtA hai aura svAvalambana kA yathArtha puruSArtha jAgRta hotA hai| isaprakAra 'dravyatvaguNa' kA 11 praznottara ke sAtha vivecana pUrNa hotA hai| . prameyatvaguNa-vivecana / / maGgalAcaraNa / / saba dravya guNa prameyatva se, banate viSaya haiM jJAna ke; rukatA na samyagjJAna para se, jAniye yoM dhyAna se| AtmA arUpI jJeya nija, yaha jJAna usako jAnatA: hai sva-para sattA vizva meM, sudRSTi unako mAnatA / / pratyeka dravya meM anAdikAla se prameyatva nAma kA eka sAmAnya guNa hai| isa guNa se hI sabhI dravya-guNa-paryAya, jJAna ke jJeya (viSaya) banate haiN| kisI bhI paradravya ke nimitta se jIva kA samyagjJAnarUpI kArya bAdhita nahIM hotA - yaha sAdhaka ko acchI taraha jAnanA/svIkAranA caahie| apanA arUpI AtmA bhI prameyatvaguNa ke kAraNa hI jJAna kA jJeya banatA hai| isI guNa ke kAraNa samyagdRSTi jIva, vizva meM sthita sva-para padArthoM kI sattA ko svIkAra karatA hai| 176. prazna - prameyatvaguNa ke kathana kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? uttara - hameM prameyatvaguNa ko jAnane kI kyA AvazyakatA hai? - yaha nimna binduoM se spaSTa parilakSita ho jAtA hai - 1. rUpI hone se mAtra pudgaladravya hI jJeya hoM - aisI bAta nahIM hai| prameya hone se arUpI jIva Adi pA~ca dravya bhI jJeya haiM - yaha bAta spaSTa hotI hai| 2. jIva arthAt merA, bAkI sabhI dravyoM se mAtra jJAtA-jJeya sambandha hI hai; anya koI kartA-karma Adi sambandha nahIM hai - yaha viSaya bhI sahajarUpa se atyanta spaSTa ho jAtA hai| 3. jJAtA samyagdRSTi jIva, apane ko svajJeya banAkara, AtmAnubhavI ho sakatA hai - yaha bAta sahaja samajha meM A jAtI hai| (79)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 4. jaba jIva, nija zuddhAtmA ko dhyAna kA dhyeya banAtA hai, taba dharma utpanna hotA hai; paMca parameSThI ke dhyAna se bhI nahIM - isa yathArtha bAta kA jJAna karAne tathA mokSamArga utpanna karAne ke lie prameyatvaguNa kA jJAna vizeSarUpa se upayogI hai, jo samyagdarzana kI prApti kI preraNA denevAlA hai| 158 5. aNuvrata yA mahAvrata svIkArane se hI AtmAnubhava hotA hai; isa mAnyatA kA bhI svayameva khaNDana ho jAtA hai| jaise, rAjA zreNika Adi ke udAharaNa zAstroM meM milate haiN| narakagati evaM devagati meM to vratoM kA abhAva niyama se hI rahatA hai, phira bhI vahA~ asaMkhyAta jIva AtmAnubhavI samyagdRSTi pAye jAte haiN| 177. prazna prameyatvaguNa kise kahate haiM? uttara - jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya, kisI na kisI jJAna kA viSaya ho arthAt jJeya ho, use prameyatvaguNa kahate haiN| 178. prazna - kisI na kisI jJAna kA viSaya / jJeya ho to kyA jJAna bhI aneka hote haiM? yadi jJAna aneka hote haiM to unheM nAma sahita batAie / uttara - dekho, AtmA meM jJAnaguNa to eka hI hai, parantu usakI paryAyeM aneka haiM, unheM pA~ca prakAra se batAyA gayA hai- 1. matijJAna 2. zrutajJAna 3. avadhijJAna 4. mana:paryayajJAna aura 5. kevalajJAna / 179. prazna jJAna kise kahate haiM? - uttara- jisase jIva, jJeyabhUta padArthoM ko jAnatA hai, vaha jJAna hai| paryAyoM kI apekSA vahI jJAna, ukta pA~ca prakAra kA kahA gayA hai| 180. prazna jJeya kise kahate haiM? uttara - jJAna jise jAnatA hai, vaha jJeya hai| jaise jJAna, ghaTa ko jAnatA hai to ghaTa, jJAna kA jJeya huaa| jJeya ko hI prameya bhI kahate haiN| isa jagat meM jIvAdi anantAnanta dravya haiN| jIvAdi dravyoM meM rahanevAle anantAnanta guNa haiM, una guNoM kI anantAnta paryAyeM haiM / isaprakAra sarva dravya, sarva guNa aura sarva paryAyeM jJAna ke jJeya arthAt prameya haiN| 181. prazna - jJAtA kise kahate haiM? (80) prameyatvaguNa - vivecana 159 uttara - jo jAnatA hai, vahI to jJAtA hai| vizva meM ananta jIvadravya haiM, ve jAnate haiM; ataH ve sabhI jJAtA haiM / 182. prazna- 'prameyatva' zabda kA kyA artha hai ? uttara - pra = vizeSarUpa se, meya= jAnane meM Ane yogya, tva = bhAva (yogytaa)| isaprakAra prameyatva zabda kA artha huA vizeSarUpa se jAnane meM Ane kI yogyatA / 183. prazna - prameyatvaguNa ke kAraNa dravya ko kyA kahate haiM? uttara - prameyatvaguNa ke kAraNa dravya ko 'prameya athavA jJeya' kahate haiN| 184. prazna - jIvAdi chaha dravyoM meM jJeyarUpa dravya kitane haiM evaM jJAtArUpa dravya kitane aura kauna-kauna se haiM? uttara - jIvAdi sabhI chaha dravya 'jJeya' haiM; kyoMki sabhI dravyoM meM 'prameyatva' nAma kA guNa haiM, jabaki mAtra eka jIvadravya hI jJAtArUpa dravya bhI hai| 185. prazna jJeya aura jJAtArUpa dravya kauna hai? uttara - kevala eka jIvadravya hI jJeyarUpa bhI haiM aura jJAtArUpa bhI hai| 186. prazna prameyatvaguNa kA kathana Agama meM kina-kina granthoM meM AtA hai? uttara - AcAryoM ne aneka granthoM meM prameyatvaguNa kA kathana kiyA hai| hama yahA~ saMkSepa meM unakA vivaraNa prastuta karate haiM - 1. AcArya kundakunda ne granthAdhirAja samayasAra kI gAthA 319320 meM atyanta spaSTa evaM sulabha zabdoM meM dRSTAnta ke sAtha kahA hai - "aneka prakAra ke karmoM ko na to jJAnI karatA hI hai aura na bhogatA hI hai; kintu una puNya-pApa rUpa karmabandha ko aura karmaphala ko mAtra jAnatA hI hai| " "jisaprakAra dRSTi (netra), dRzya padArthoM ko dekhatI hI hai, unheM karatI
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana bhogatI nahIM hai; usIprakAra jJAna bhI akAraka va avedaka hai tathA bandha, mokSa, karmodaya aura nirjarA ko mAtra jAnatA hI hai|" 2. samayasAra kalaza 198 meM bhI yahI viSaya spaSTarUpa se vyakta huA hai - AcArya kundakunda hI pravacanasAra gAthA 28 meM likhate haiM - "jJAna jJeyoM meM praveza nahIM karatA aura jJeya bhI jJAna meM nahIM aate| jisaprakAra rUpIpadArtha netra ke jJeya haiM; usIprakAra sabhI padArtha jJAnasvabhAvI AtmA ke jJeya haiM; phira bhI ve jJAna aura jJeya, eka-dUsare meM praveza nahIM krte|" 3. samayasAra kalaza 222 meM bhI yaha viSaya AyA hai - "jisaprakAra dIpaka, dIpaka se prakAzita honevAle padArthoM se vikriyA ko prApta nahIM hotA; usIprakAra zuddhabodha hai mahimA jisakI - aisA yaha pUrNa, eka aura acyuta AtmA, jJeyapadArthoM se kiMcitmAtra bhI vikriyA ko prApta nahIM hotaa| aisI sthiti hone para bhI jinakI buddhi isaprakAra kI vastusthiti ke jJAna se rahita hai - aise ajJAnI jIva apanI sahaja udAsInatA chor3akara rAga-dveSamaya hote haiM - yaha bar3e kheda kI bAta hai, Azcarya kI bAta hai|" 4. zrI kArtikeyasvAmI ne kArtikeyAnuprekSA zAstra kI gAthA 256 meM bhI prameyatvaguNa kA khulAsA kiyA hai - "jJAna jIva ke pradezoM meM rahatA huA hI sabako jAnatA hai| jJAna, jJeya meM nahIM jAtA hai aura jJeya bhI jJAna ke pradezoM meM nahIM jAtA hai| apane-apane pradezoM meM rahate haiM to bhI jJAna aura jJeya ke jJeya-jJAyaka vyavahAra hai| jaise - darpaNa, apane sthAna para hai aura ghaTAdika vastue~ apane sthAna para haiM to bhI darpaNa kI svacchatA aisI hai, mAno ki darpaNa meM ghaTa Akara hI baiTha gayA ho - aise hI jJAna-jJeya kA vyavahAra jAnanA caahie|" isIprakAra nATaka samayasAra, sarvavizuddhi adhikAra, chanda 53, AlApapaddhati, guNavyutpatti adhikAra, sUtra 98; anubhavaprakAza, jJeyAdhikAra, pRSTha 66 evaM samayasAra, pravacanasAra Adi granthoM meM aneka sthAnoM para prameyatvaguNa ke sambandha meM spaSTIkaraNa AyA hai| prameyatvaguNa-vivecana 187. prazna - prameyatvaguNa ko na mAnane se kyA hAni hotI hai? uttara - prameyatvaguNa ko na mAnane se dravya ko ajJAta mAnanA hogA, jisase jJAna aura jJAtA kI bhI siddhi nahIM hogii| yadi jJAna, jJeya aura jJAtA kA abhAva hogA to sarva zUnyatA kA prasaMga A jAegA, jo pratyakSataH viruddha hai| jJeya aura jJAtA kI siddhi na hone se kevalajJAnAdi kI bhI siddhi nahIM hogii| jagat meM jo koI jJeya hai, usakA koI na koI jJAtA avazya hai| jaise - rogI kI chAtI kA 'eksa-re' nikAlA jAtA hai| usa samaya yadyapi rogI ko to usa eksa-re se kucha bhI jJAna nahIM hotA hai; kintu DaoNkTara usa eksa-re ko dekhakara jo jAnanA cAhie, vaha saba jAna letA hai| hindI bhASA-bhASI manuSya, tamila aura telagu Adi bhASAoM ko nahIM jAnate; kintu tamilanADu aura Andhrapradeza Adi ke manuSya, una bhASAoM ko jAnate hI haiN| tamila-telagu bhASA, hamAre jJAna kA jJeya nahIM hai; kintu una bhASAoM ko jAnanevAloM ko to vaha sahajarUpa se jJeya hai| ____ jagat meM kisI bhI alpajJa jIva ke jJAna ke jo viSaya/jJeya nahIM haiM, ve padArtha, sarvajJa bhagavAna ke kevalajJAna ke jJeya to baneMge hI baneMge; ataH prameyatvaguNa ke kAraNa koI bhI padArtha, jJAna se ajJAta yA ajJeya nahIM raha sktaa| isIprakAra AtmA meM prameyatvaguNa ko na mAnane se honevAlI kucha bar3I-bar3I hAniyA~ nimnaprakAra haiM - 1. yadi AtmA meM prameyatvaguNa ko na mAnA jAe to koI bhI jIva apane __ko jAna hI nahIM sktaa| 2. yadi jIva, svayaM ko hI nahIM jAna sakatA to vaha AtmajJAnI kaise bana sakatA hai? 3. yadi AtmajJAnI nahIM ho sakatA to na zrAvaka ho sakatA hai aura na muni; ataH mokSamArga kA hI abhAva hone kI Apatti AtI hai| (81)
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________________ 162 jinadharma-vivecana prameyatvaguNa-vivecana 163 4. yadi mokSamArga hI nahIM rahatA hai to mokSa bhI siddha nahIM hotA hai| 5. yadi mokSa siddha nahIM hotA hai to Namo siddhANaM' kA mantra bhI anupayogI siddha ho jAtA hai| 6. isI prakAra mokSamArga siddha nahIM hone se AcArya, upAdhyAya, sAdhu Adi hamAre prANapriya guruoM kI upayogitA bhI siddha nahIM hotii| 7. jaina jagata meM sarvamAnya 'chahaDhAlA' (pA~cavIM DhAla) meM bhI kahA hai - 'jaba hI jiya Atama jAne, taba hI jiya zivasukha ThAne' isaprakAra prameyatvaguNa ko svIkAra karanA atyAvazyaka hai| 188. prazna - prameyatvaguNa ko jAnane se hameM kyA-kyA lAbha prApta hote haiM? yaha vistArapUrvaka spaSTa kreN| uttara - prameyatvaguNa ko jAnane se hameM aneka lAbha prApta hote haiM - 1. pratyeka jIva meM prameyatvaguNa hone se vaha apanI AtmA ko jAna sakatA hai - aisA sahaja vizvAsa utpanna hotA hai| 2. jo prameyatvaguNa ko yathArtharUpa se svIkAra karatA hai, vaha yaha jAna jAtA hai ki usake pApa-kAryoM ko arahanta-siddha bhagavAna apane kevalajJAna meM jAna rahe haiM, jisase use pApa-kAryoM ko chor3ane kI bhAvanA hue binA nahIM rahatI, ataH apane pApa-kAryoM ko chor3akara dharma pragaTa karane ke lie usa jIva ko anukUlatA hotI hai| jaise - laukika jIvana meM bhI apane bar3e-bUr3hoM tathA AdaraNIya vyaktiyoM ke sAmane sAmAnya anucita kArya karane meM bhI manuSya ko saMkoca hotA hai to phira ananta kevalajJAniyoM ke jAnate hue pApa-kArya karane meM svAbhAvikarUpa se zithilatA AtI hai aura jIvana sadAcAramaya ho jAtA hai| yahI sadAcAramaya jIvana - svAbhAvika, sthAyI aura sukhadAyaka vItarAgI dharma prApta karane kA nimitta banatA hai| 189. zaMkA - chipakara kiye gaye pApa koI nahIM jAnatA - isa kathana meM kahA~ taka satyatA hai? samAdhAna - isameM satyatA kA aMza bhI nahIM hai; pApa karanevAlA svayaM jIva hai, vaha to apane pApa ko svayaM jAna hI rahA hai tathA chipakara kArya karanA bhI svayaM pApa hai, ataH sAmAnyataH pApa to ho hI gyaa| isaprakAra chipakara kiyA gayA pApa koI nahIM jAnatA - yaha vicAra hI mithyAtvajanya tathA ajJAnajanya mahApApa hai; kyoMki isameM - * ananta sarvajJa bhagavAna kA virodha hotA hai| * prameyatvaguNa kI mAnyatA nahIM rahatI hai| ananta siddha bhagavantoM evaM lAkhoM vidyamAna kevalajJAna arahanta bhagavantoM ke astitva kI svIkRti nahIM hotI hai| avadhijJAniyoM tathA manaHparyayajJAniyoM kI sattA kA bhI niSedha ho jAtA hai| isaprakAra hamAre pApa-kAryoM ko arahanta aura siddha bhagavAna jAnate haiM - aisA jJAna hone se pApa chor3ane kI preraNA milatI hai| 3. sabhI dravyoM meM prameyatvaguNa pAyA jAtA hai| ataH ve kisI na kisI jJAna dvArA jAne jA rahe haiM; isataraha kevalajJAna kI siddhi hotI hai| 4. 'ananta siddha jIvoM ke samAna maiM bhI kevalajJAnasvabhAvI AtmA huuN| mere jJAnaguNa meM se abhI nahIM to bhaviSya meM jJAnaguNa kI kevalajJAnaparyAya avazya pragaTa hogI; jisase maiM svayaM anantajJAnI evaM anantasukhI ho jAU~gA' - aisA AtmavizvAsa utpanna hotA hai| 5. paradravyoM ke sAtha merA mAtra jJeya-jJAyakasambandha hai. kartA-karma yA bhogya-bhoktA yA Adi sambandha nahIM hai - aisA jJAna hone se paradravyoM ke prati kartRtva-bhoktRtvabuddhi miTa jAtI hai| jaise - mere hAtha meM yaha pena hai| yaha chaha dravyoM meM kaunasA dravya hai - aisA pU~chane para ApakA sahaja uttara hotA hai ki yaha pudgaladravya hai; kyoMki isameM sparzAdi vizeSaguNa haiN| ApakA yaha uttara sahI hai, phira bhI merA yahA~ Apase dUsarA prazna hai ki prameyatvaguNa kI apekSA isa pena ko kyA kahate haiM? pena meM prameyatvaguNa hai yA nahIM hai? - aisA prazna hone para Apa svIkAra karate haiM (82)
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________________ 164 jinadharma-vivecana ki pena meM bhI prameyatvaguNa hai - isa apekSA se hama pena ko bhI prameya arthAt jJeya kaha sakate haiN| yahA~ punaH prazna hotA hai ki yadi pena prameya/jJeya hai - yaha bAta satya hai to usa jJeya kI apekSA hama-Apa kauna haiM? isakA sahaja uttara AtA hai ki hama isa jJeya ke jJAyaka/jJAtA/pramAtA/jAnanevAle haiM; ataH pena jJeya aura hama jJAyaka- aise sahaja hI jJeya-jJAyaka sambandha siddha ho jAtA hai| isaprakAra svayaM vicAra kareM ki prameyatvaguNa kI apekSA yaha pena acchA hai yA atikaSTa se maiMne prApta kiyA hai yA yaha merA hai yA ise maiM kisI ko nahIM dUMgA; ityAdi cintana kyA yathArtha haiM? athavA yaha pena mAtra jJeya hai, - yaha mAnyatA yathArtha hai? jaba prameyatvaguNa kI mukhyatA se socA jAe to yaha pena mAtra jJeya hI hai, yahI parama satya evaM sukhadAyaka tattva-cintana hai| ___ vAstava meM yathArtha rIti se dekhA jAe to saMsAra ke sabhI anantAnanta dravya jJeya hI haiM aura maiM mAtra inakA jJAtA hI huuN| isa jagat se merA mAtra jJeya-jJAyaka sambandha hai| kartA-karma yA bhoktA-bhogya Adi anya koI sambandha nahIM hai| isaprakAra hameM tattva/satya kA yathArtha aura sukhadAyaka nirNaya sahaja ho jAtA hai| 6. prameyatvaguNa ke kAraNa padArtha jJAna meM sahaja hI jJAta hote haiM; ataH unako jAnane kI AkulatA/jJeyalubdhatA kA bhI nAza ho jAtA hai| jagat meM bhI jo kAma sahaja niSpanna hotA hai, vaha sukhadAyaka lagatA hai aura jisa kAma ko karane meM asahajatA yA kaThinAI hotI hai, vaha duHkhadAyaka lagatA hai| jagat meM pratyeka dravya kA pariNamana svatantra hai| jagat ke sabhI padArtha apane-apane svabhAva se jJeya haiM, jAnane meM Ane yogya haiM to ve padArtha apane nizcita krama meM mere jAnane meM Ae~ge hI; to phira maiM kyoM unako jAnane kA bhI bojhA DhotA phirU~? isaprakAra prameyatvaguNa ke kAraNa vicAroM kI dizA badalatI hI hai aura jIvana meM sukha kA srota pravAhita hone lagatA hai| 7. pratyeka padArtha apanI sImA meM rahakara jJAna kA jJeya banatA hai - aisA jAnane se jJAtA aura jJeya kI bhinnatA kA bhedajJAna hotA hai| prameyatvaguNa-vivecana 165 yadyapi ananta siddha bhagavAna loka ke agrabhAga meM siddhAlaya meM zAnti se virAjamAna haiM; tathApi ve kisaprakAra anantAnanta padArthoM ko jAnate haiM, isakA vicAra praznAtmaka zailI meM karate haiM - 1. kyA ve siddha bhagavAna, tIna loka ke anantAnanta padArthoM meM praveza karake unako jAnate haiM? 2. kyA anantAnanta jJeyapadArtha, siddha bhagavantoM ke jJAna meM praveza karate haiM? 3. kyA ve jJeyapadArtha, siddhoM kI AtmA ke pAsa pahu~cate haiN| 4. kyA arahanta-siddhoM kA kevalajJAna, anantAnanta jJeyoM taka pahu~catA hai? vAstava meM dekhA jAe to siddha bhagavAna ke jJAna meM ukta aneka jijJAsAoM meM se kucha nahIM hotaa| siddhAlaya meM to siddha bhagavAna apane kSetra meM hI yathAsthAna virAjamAna rahate haiN| isIprakAra anantAnanta jJeyapadArtha bhI jahA~ - jaise virAjamAna hai, unheM bhI siddha bhagavAna meM praveza karane kI AvazyakatA nahIM hai| siddha bhagavAna kA jJAna bhI apanI AtmA meM hI rahatA hai, bAhara kahIM nahIM jAtA hai aura anantAnanta jJeyapadArtha bhI apanA sthAna chor3akara siddhoM taka nahIM pahu~cate haiN| phira bhI siddha bhagavAna ke jJAna meM sarva padArtha darpaNa kI taraha jhalakate haiN| vastu kA yaha svatantra pariNamana kaisA adbhuta, alaukika, AzcaryakArI aura AkarSaka hai; isase hameM jJAtA aura jJeya kI bhinnatA kA vizad jJAna hotA hai aura svAbhAvika zAnti milatI hai| 190. prazna - kyA digambara muni athavA vratI zrAvaka hone para hI AtmA ko jAnanA sambhava hai? kyoMki usake binA AtmA ko jAnanA kaise sambhava hai? uttara - bhAIsAhaba! yaha Apa kyA soca rahe haiM? digambara muni athavA vratI zrAvaka hue binA kyA AtmA ko jAnanA sambhava nahIM hai? are! muni hue binA mukti nahIM - yaha bAta to satya hai; parantu mokSamArga athavA samyagdarzana prApta karane ke lie vratI athavA muni honA anivArya nahIM hai| Agama meM cauthe guNasthAnavartI avratI zrAvaka ko bhI mokSamArgI/samyagdRSTi/ AtmAnubhavI mAnA hai| (83)
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________________ 166 jinadharma-vivecana bhagavAna mahAvIra ke samavasaraNa meM 60 hajAra prazna pUchanevAle rAjA zreNika ko kSAyika samyagdRSTi zrAvakottama saMjJA dI gaI hai| seTha sudarzana bhI apane gRhastha jIvana meM aSTamI, caturdazI, amAvasyA tathA pUrNimA ke dina meM zamazAna meM sAmAyika/AtmadhyAna karane ke lie jAte the - isa bAta ko jaina jagata kA baccA-baccA jAnatA hai| are bhAI! mAtra manuSya hI kyA? tiryaMca bhI cauthe-pA~cave guNasthanavartI rahate haiM. unheM bhI mokSamArgI kahA jAtA hai| ataH svAnubhavarUpa kArya ke lie vratI yA muni hone kI koI zarta Avazyaka nahIM hai| bhagavAna mahAvIra aura bhagavAna pArzvanAtha ke jIvoM ne bhI zera tathA hAthI kI paryAya meM samyagdarzana/AtmAnubhava prApta kiyA hI thaa| 191. prazna - kyA samyagdarzana aura svAnubhava eka hI hai? uttara - samyagdarzana aura svAnubhava eka to nahIM hai; kyoMki samyagdarzana zraddhAguNa kI paryAya hai aura svAnubhava jJAnaguNa kI paryAya hai| kahIM-kahIM svAnubhava ko zraddhA, jJAna tathA cAritra - ina tInoM guNoM kI sammilita paryAyarUpa athavA ananta guNoM kI akhaNDa paryAyarUpa bhI batAyA jAtA hai| 192. prazna - phira Apa yahA~ samyagdarzana aura AtmAnubhava donoM kA eka hI artha kyoM batA rahe haiM? uttara - hamane donoM ko eka nahIM batAyA hai, kintu samyagdarzana svAnubhava ke binA utpanna nahIM hotA; ataH donoM kI eka sAtha utpatti hone kI mukhyatA se donoM ko eka kahA hai - aisA samajhanA caahie| dhyAna rahe - samyagdarzana to pratItirUpa hai aura vaha sadaiva rahatA hai, parantu vahI samyagdRSTi jaba nija zuddhAtmAbhimukha puruSArtha karatA hai, taba svAnubhava bhI bIca-bIca meM hotA rahatA hai| yahA~ samyagdarzana kI utpatti ke lie aura usako banAye rakhane ke lie svAnubhava/svAnubhUti/zuddhopayoga anivArya hI hai - isa bAta ko spaSTa karane ke lie hI samyagdarzana aura AtmAnubhava ko kathaMcit eka kahA gayA hai| ___ isaprakAra 'prameyatvaguNa' kA 16 praznottara ke sAtha vivecana pUrNa hotA hai| agurulaghutvaguNa-vivecana || maGgalAcaraNa / / yaha guNa agurulaghu bhI sadA, rakhatA mahattA hai mahA; guNa-dravya ko pararUpa yaha, hone na detA hai ahaa| nija dravya-guNa-paryAya saba, rahate satata nija bhAva meM: kartA na hartA anya koI, yoM lakho sva-svabhAva meN|| vastu-vyavasthA meM agurulaghutvaguNa bhI hamezA hI bahuta bar3A mahattva rakhatA hai| yaha guNa, vastugata dravya-guNa-paryAya ko apane svabhAvarUpa hI rakhatA hai; anya svarUpa hone nahIM detaa| dravyagata sarva hI guNa evaM paryAyeM satat hI apane-apane svabhAva meM hI rahate haiM arthAt ve svabhAva kA ullaMghana nahIM krte| isa agurulaghutvaguNa ke kAraNa hI koI bhI dravya, anya kisI bhI dravya-guNa-paryAya kA kartA nahIM hotaa| 193. prazna - aba yahA~ agurulaghutvaguNa kA kathana kyoM kiyA jA rahA hai? uttara - pratyeka dravya pariNamana karate hue apane svarUpa ko chor3akara kyA anya dravyarUpa ho jAtA hai? - isataraha kI zaMkA kA nirAkaraNa karane hetu agurulaghutvaguNa kA kathana AcAryoM ne kiyA hai, jo Avazyaka hai; anyathA jIvAdi sarva dravyoM kI apanA-apanA svarUpa chor3akara, anya dravyarUpa ho jAne kI Apatti A sakatI hai| 194. prazna - eka dravya dUsare dravyarUpa pariNamita nahIM hotA hai, mAtra itanA hI siddha karane ke lie agurulaghutvaguNa kA kathana kiyA jAtA hai yA aura bhI kucha prayojana hai? agurulaghutvaguNa kA svarUpa spaSTarUpa se btaaie| uttara - mAtra itanA hI nahIM, anya viSayoM ke spaSTIkaraNa ke lie bhI agurulaghutvaguNa kA kathana kiyA jA rahA hai| jaise - (84)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana agurulaghutvaguNa-vivecana 1. jIvAdi kisI bhI dravya kA koI bhI guNa usI dravya ke anya guNa meM bhI kucha bhI pariNamana nahIM kara sakatA hai - isa parama satya evaM sUkSma viSaya ko bhI spaSTa karane kA prayojana hai| 2. jIvAdi sabhI dravyoM meM anAdi se rahanevAle ananta guNa bikhara kara pRthak-pRthak nahIM ho jAte; isalie dravya ke astitva meM koI parivartana nahIM hotA; dravya choTA-bar3A nahIM hotA; dravya jitanA hai, utanA hI rahatA hai; dravya, svabhAva se jaisA hai, vaisA hI hamezA rahatA hai - yaha bhI agurulaghutvaguNa ke kAraNa se spaSTa ho jAtA hai| 195. prazna - agurulaghutvaguNa kise kahate haiM? uttara - jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya meM dravyapanA kAyama rahatA hai arthAt (1) eka dravya dUsare dravyarUpa nahIM hotA (2) eka guNa dUsare guNarUpa nahIM hotA aura (3) dravya meM rahanevAle ananta guNa bikharakara alagaalaga nahIM ho jAte, use agurulaghutvaguNa kahate haiN| 196. prazna - 'agurulaghutva' zabda kA kyA artha hai? uttara - a = nahIM, guru = bar3A, laghu = choTA, tva = svtv| arthAt pratyeka dravya apanA svatva/svarUpa kAyama rakhatA hai, apane meM paripUrNa rahatA hai, kabhI choTA-bar3A nahIM hotA hai| 197. prazna - agurulaghutvaguNa ke sambandha meM anya granthoM meM bhI granthakAra ne kyA kucha kathana kiyA hai? uttara - aneka granthoM meM agurulaghutvaguNa kA kathana AyA hai, use hama yahA~ de rahe haiM, jisase Apake jJAna meM nirmalatA tathA paripakvatA AegI - 1. AcAryazrI devasena AlApapaddhati grantha ke guNAdhikAra meM kahate haiM - agurulaghutvavikArAH svabhAvaparyAyAH te dvaadshdhaa| SaTsthAnapatitahAnivRddhirUpAH - 1. anantabhAgavRddhiH 2. asaMkhyAtabhAgavRddhiH 3. saMkhyAtabhAgavRddhiH 4. saMkhyAtaguNavRddhiH 5. asaMkhyAtaguNavRddhiH 6. anantaguNavRddhiH - iti SaTvRddhiH tathA 1. anantaguNahAniH 2. asaMkhyAtaguNahAniH 3. saMkhyAtaguNahAniH 4. saMkhyAtabhAgahAniH 5. asaMkhyAtabhAgahAniH 6. anantabhAgahAniH - iti SaThAniH / evaM SaDvRddhi-hAnirUpA jJeyA agurulghutvshktiH|| 17 / / " ___ arthAt agurulaghutvaguNa kI paryAyarUpa svabhAvaparyAyeM bAraha prakAra kI haiM - SaTsthAnapatita hAni-vRddhirUpa haiN| unake nAma ukta prakAra se varNita SaTvRddhi-SaThAnirUpa jAnanA caahie| 2. AcArya devasena hI AlApapaddhati grantha meM guNavyutpatti adhikAra meM likhate haiM - agurulaghorbhAvo'gurulaghutvam / sUkSmA vAgagocarAH pratikSaNa-vartamAnA, AgamapramANAdabhyupagamyA agurulghugunnaaH| sUkSma jinoditaM tattvaM, hetubhi va hnyte| AjJAsiddhaM tu tadyAyaM nAnyathAvadino jinaaH|| arthAt agurulaghuguNa ke bhAva ko agurulaghutva kahate haiM / agurulaghuguNa sUkSma haiM, vacana ke agocara haiM, unake sambandha meM kucha kahanA zakya nahIM hai, ve pratisamaya pratyeka dravya meM vartamAna rahate haiM aura Agama-pramANa ke dvArA hI jAne jAte haiN| kahA bhI hai - 'jina bhagavAna ke dvArA kahA gayA tattva sUkSma hai, yuktiyoM se usakA vyAghAta nahIM kiyA jA sakatA, use AjJAsiddha mAnakara hI grahaNa karanA cAhie; kyoMki jinadeva anyathAvAdI nahIM hote haiM arthAt jinadeva ke dvArA kahe gaye Agama ko pramANa mAnakara agurulaghuguNoM ko svIkAra karanA cAhie, (- dravyasvabhAvaprakAzakanayacakra, AlApapaddhati, pRSTha 291) 3. pANDe rAjamalajIkRta paMcAdhyAyI ke adhyAya 2, zloka 10091010 meM kahA hai - koI bhI guNa, kahIM kisI dUsare guNa meM antarbhUta nahIM hotA / na eka guNa dUsare guNa kA AdhAra hai, na Adheya hai, na hetu hai aura na hetumAn hI hai; kintu sabhI guNa apanI-apanI zakti ke yoga se svatantra haiM aura ve vividha prakAra se aneka hokara bhI padArtha ke sAtha paraspara meM mile hue haiN|" (85)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana 4. agurulaghutvaguNa ko samajhane ke lie paNDita zrI kailAzacandajI dvArA likhita zrI jaina siddhAnta praznottara mAlA bhAga 1, prazna 127- 128, pRSTha 39 kA viSaya, vizeSa upayogI hai; use hama yahA~ prastuta karate haiM - 198. "prazna - kyA guru se jJAna, pustaka se jJAna athavA cazme se jJAna hotA hai, Adi mAnyatAe~ ThIka haiM? 170 uttara - bilkula nahIM ! jJAna, jJAnaguNa meM se hI utpanna hotA hai / guru, pustaka, athavA cazme se jJAna hone kI mAnyatAvAle jIva ko agurulaghutvaguNa kA samyagjJAna nahIM hai| eka dravya ke ananta guNoM meM se eka guNa, dUsare guNa meM nahIM jAtA to phira bhinna dravya ke guNa, dUsare dravya meM kaise jAe~ge? eka vastu kA koI bhI guNa, dUsarI vastu ko milatA hai arthAt guru kA jJAna, ziSya ko prApta hotA hai - aisI mAnyatAvAlA agurulaghutvaguNa ko nahIM maantaa| tathA para se AtmA kA aura AtmA se para kA kArya ho to dravya badalakara naSTa ho jAe, lekina aisA nahIM hotA; ataH guru, pustaka Adi se jJAna huA - aisI mAnyatAvAle ne agurulaghutvaguNa ko nahIM maanaa|" 5. AcArya amRtacandradeva ne bhI samayasAra kI 47 zaktiyoM meM 17vIM zakti kA nAma hI agurulaghutvazakti rakhA hai| 199. prazna - agurulaghutvaguNa ko na mAnane se honevAlI hAniyoM ko vistAra se samajhAie; kyoMki vastusvarUpa ko samajhane meM hama kisI prakAra kI kamI nahIM cAhate / uttara - agurulaghutvaguNa na mAnane se dravya-guNa- paryAya kI svatantratA nAza kA prasaMga AtA hai tathA jainadarzana kI pramukha vizeSatA 'vastusvAtantrya' kI mAnyatA para kuThArAghAta hotA hai, jisase dravya meM dravyapanA kAyama rahatA hai, use agurulaghutvaguNa kahate haiN| vAstava meM dekhA jAe to agurulaghutvaguNa kI mUla paribhASA to mAtra itanI hI hai, kintu 'dravya kA dravyapanA kAyama rahatA haiM isa mUla viSaya kA vistAra nimna tIna binduoM se kiyA jAtA hai - (86) agurulaghutva guNa- vivecana 171 (1) eka dravya dUsare dravyarUpa nahIM hotA hai isake spaSTIkaraNa ke lie mAna lIjie ki koI vyakti bur3hApA, bImArI, riztedAroM kI upekSA, Adi kAraNoM se atyanta duHkhI hai aura vaha ina duHkhoM se mukti pAne ke lie nirantara 'maraNa kyoM nahIM AtA?' - isakA vicAra karatA rahatA hai; lekina yadi vaha duHkhI manuSya, apanA jIvatva miTAkara jar3a honA cAhe to usakI yaha kAmanA kabhI pUrNa ho sakatI hai athavA nahIM? isakA uttara sahaja hI tarkajJAna tathA pratyakSajJAna ke AdhAra para yahI hotA hai ki vaha duHkhI manuSya, kabhI bhI jar3arUpa parivartita nahIM ho sakatA hai| jaise - do sage bhAI bhI yadi cAheM ki hamArA jIvana eka-dUsare ke sarvathA samAna ho jAe to yaha sambhava nahIM hai| isI prakAra jIvadravya bhI anya pudgalarUpa kabhI nahIM ho sakatA tathA pudgala bhI anyadravya yA jIvarUpa nahIM ho sktaa| yaha vastu-vyavasthA kI svatantratA kA niyama hai| isa prAkRtika kaThora anuzAsana se hI vizva anAdikAla se sucArurUpa se calA A rahA hai| - yadi isameM kisI kAraNavaza kiMcit bhI zithilatA A jAe to vizva kI sarva vyavasthA hI sarvathA naSTa ho jAe aura manuSya kA jInA, kaThina hI nahIM, azakya ho jaae| (2) eka guNa, dUsare guNarUpa nahIM hotA hai isa kathana kA vistRta vivaraNa isaprakAra hai - jaise pIlA Ama, sAmAnyataH mIThA hotA hai, kintu use mIThA honA hI cAhie - aisA sarvathA niyama nahIM hai| kabhIkabhI pIlA Ama bhI khaTTA nikala jAtA hai aura harA dikhanevAlA Ama bhI mIThA ho jAtA hai| yahA~ pIle raMga ne khaTTe rasa ko mIThA nahIM banAyA aura hare raMga ne rasa ko khaTTA banAne kA kAma nahIM kiyA hai| isIprakAra jIvadravya ke zraddhAguNa kA kSAyika samyaktvarUpa nirmala pariNAma (siddha bhagavAna ke samyaktva jaisA) hone para bhI cAritraguNa ke pariNamana meM samyakpanA to avazya hotA hai, parantu pA~caveM yA chaThaveMsAtaveM guNasthAna ke yogya cAritraguNa ke pariNamana kA vikAsa honA
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________________ 172 jinadharma-vivecana Avazyaka nahIM hotA hai| yahA~ zraddhAguNa kI nirmalatA ne cAritraguNa ke vikAsa meM kucha bhI hastakSepa nahIM kiyA hai- yaha samajhanA Avazyaka hai| zraddhAguNa ke pariNamana kI yaha vizeSatA hotI hai ki vaha jaba bhI mithyAtva se samyaktvarUpa yA samyaktva se mithyAtvarUpa pariNamita hotI hai, usameM parivartana kI prakriyA zIghra hI pUrNa ho jAtI hai| vaha krama-krama se pariNamana karate hue dhIre-dhIre samyaktvarUpa yA mithyAtvarUpa nahIM hotii| pahale samaya meM jo pariNamana mithyAtvarUpa hai, vahI badalakara dUsare samaya meM samyaktvarUpa hotA hai| zraddhA ke kisI bhI pariNamana meM kramazaH dhIre-dhIre vikAsa karate hue pUrNa / zuddha hone kA krama nahIM hai / cAritraguNa ke nirmala pariNamana kI svatantratA hI kucha alaga paddhati kI hai| zraddhA samyakrUpa hote hI cAritra bhI usI samaya samyak / yathArtha hotA hai, yaha bAta to satya hai; para cAritra ke pariNamana meM samyakpanA hote hI tatkAla pUrNa nirmalatA nahIM AtI hai / cAritra ke pUrNa aura nirmala pariNamana ke lie viziSTa kAla evaM krama apekSita hai| isa kAraNa se hI prathama to cAritraguNa kA pariNamana cauthe guNasthAna meM samyakrUpa hotA hai; phira usa jIva ko paMcama guNasthAna prApta hokara to cAritra ekadeza vikasita hotA hai; isake pazcAt pramatta- apramattarUpa viziSTa cAritra ko munirAja pragaTa karate haiM; phira apUrvakaraNa Adi uparima guNasthAnoM meM cAritra aura bhI krama-krama se adhika adhika vikasita hotA huA yathAkhyAtarUpa hotA hai| kSINamohI yathAkhyAta kSAyikacAritrarUpa avasthA meM antarmuhUrta kAla vyatIta hone ke pazcAt kevalajJAna ke sAtha vaha kSAyikacAritra, paramayathAkhyAtarUpa pariNamamita hotA hai| isake pazcAt siddha avasthA meM vaha kSAyika cAritra, paripUrNa hokara vaisA hI vAstavika aura nirmala sadAkAla banA rahatA hai| isaprakAra 'eka guNa, dUsare guNarUpa nahIM hotA' - yaha niyama, zraddhAguNa aura cAritraguNa ke svatantra pariNamana se samajha meM AtA hai| (87) agurulaghutvaguNa - vivecana 173 (3) dravya meM rahanevAle ananta guNa bikhara kara alaga-alaga nahIM hote - isa bindu ko nahIM mAnane se aneka ApattiyA~ sAmane AtI haiN| yadi kisI eka dravya meM se eka yA do guNa bikharakara, alaga-alaga ho sakate haiM to usa dravya meM rahanevAle sabhI ananta guNa bikharakara, alaga-alaga kyoM nahIM ho sakate? lekina yadi dravya ke sabhI guNa bikharakara alaga ho jAveM to usa dravya kA astitva hI naSTa ho jaae| yadi nikale hue ve guNa jina-jina dravyoM meM jAkara mileMge, ve dravya bar3e ho jaaeNge| isataraha sampUrNa vastuvyavasthA hI naSTa ho jAegI, jo kabhI sambhava nahIM hai| I 200. prazna - agurulaghutvaguNa ko na mAnane se honevAlI hAniyoM ke dUsare bindu ko aura vistAra se spaSTa kIjie ? uttara- zraddhAguNa kA samyaktvarUpa yA kSAyika samyaktvarUpa pariNamana hote hI yadi cAritraguNa ke pariNamana meM bhI pUrNatA mAnI jAe to tatkAla siddhAvasthA kI prApti kA prasaMga AtA hai aisA mAnane para aneka ApattiyA~ sAmane Akara khar3I hotI haiN| jaise - 1. caraNAnuyoga kI vyavasthA hI naSTa ho jAtI hai, jisase chaThesAtaveM guNasthAnavartI AcArya, upAdhyAya aura sAdhu bhI nahIM rahate haiM, phira unako AhAra denerUpa kArya bhI nahIM rahatA hai to zrAvaka saMsthA bhI naSTa ho jAtI hai| kyoMki na to AhAra denA siddha hotI hai aura na AhAra lenA / 2. AhAra denevAle paMcama guNasthAnavartI zrAvaka nahIM mAne jAe~ to aNuvrata, guNavrata- zikSAvrata kahA~ evaM kaise saMbhava haiM? kyoMki ye saba vrata sAdhakadazA meM hI hote haiN| yadi samyaktva hote hI siddhAvasthA mAna leM to sAdhaka kI avratI vratI aura dezavratI mahAvratI Adi avasthAe~ kaise ho sakatI haiM? 3. cauthA aviratasamyaktva guNasthAna bhI nahIM rahatA hai| 4. mAtra mithyAtva guNasthAna hI mAnanA hogA / 5. isIprakAra na zreNI sambhava hogI aura na zreNI ke guNasthAna / karaNAnuyoga kA bahubhAga, jisameM guNasthAnoM kI paribhASAe~ likhI haiM, ve
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________________ 174 jinadharma-vivecana anAvazyaka ho jaaeNgii| kyoMki mithyAtva kA abhAva hone para samyaktva ke sAtha hI siddhAvasthA hamane mAna lI hai; kyoMki zraddhAguNa kI nirmalaparyAya kSAyika samyaktvarUpa hone ke pazcAt hI cAritra kI nirmalaparyAya meM vikAsa, krama-krama se mAnane para hI sarva guNasthAna evaM zrAvaka-sAdhu kI sarva avasthAe~ sambhava haiM, ataH jinavANI bhI cAritra meM kramika vikAsa kI poSaka hai| 6. prathamAnuyoga bhI siddha nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki prathamAnuyoga meM samyaktva-prApti ke pazcAt vizeSa puNya ke kAraNa svarga, bhogabhUmi, cakravartI, tIrthaMkara Adi padoM kI prApti batAI hai; kintu samyaktva ke sAtha hI siddhAvasthA mAnane para bhogabhUmi, cakravartI, nArAyaNa-pratinArAyaNa, balabhadra, tIrthaMkara Adi padoM kA sthAna hI nahIM banatA hai| 7. dravyAnuyoga bhI siddha nahIM hotA hai; kyoMki zraddhAguNa ke samyaktvarUpa pariNamana ke sAtha hI cAritraguNa kA pUrNa nirmala pariNamana mAna liyA hai, jo dravyAnuyoga ko mAnya nahIM hai| ___isaprakAra eka guNa, anya guNarUpa pariNamana nahIM karatA - yaha svIkAra karane meM hI AtmakalyANa nihita hai| samyaktva hone ke bAda cAritraguNa kA yathArtha pariNamana krama-krama se dhIre-dhIre athavA jaldI-jaldI bar3hate hue sAdhaka mahApuruSa, siddhAvasthA ko prApta karatA hai, jo Agama evaM vastusvarUpa ko mAnya hai| 201. zaMkA - yadi agurulaghutvaguNa nahIM mAnate haiM to arahanta avasthA rahegI yA nahIM rahegI? kRpayA isakA khulAsA kiijie| samAdhAna - yadi Apa samyaktva hote hI siddha-avasthA kI prApti mAnoge to mithyAtva chor3ane ke bAda jaba eka bhI guNasthAna nahIM rahegA to terahaveM guNasthAna meM prApta honevAlI arahanta avasthA kaise rahegI? nahIM raha sakatI; kyoMki hamane samyaktva hote hI siddha avasthA mAna lI hai; ataH aisA mAnanA mithyA/asatya hai| agurulaghutvaguNa-vivecana 175 202. zaMkA - to kyA phira divyadhvani ke dvArA upadeza sunane kI jo pAtratA hai arthAt dezanAlabdhi kI pAtratA kA bhI kyA abhAva mAnanA anivArya ho jAegA? samAdhAna - bhAI! ghabarAo mata / yadi cAritra meM krama-krama se vikAsa nahIM mAnoge to kaisI-kaisI viparItatA AegI - isakA jJAna hama karA rahe haiN| dezanA kA artha hotA hai upadeza aura 'labdhi' kA artha hotA hai prApti arthAt upadeza kI prApti ko dezanAlabdhi kahate haiN| paMca parameSThiyoM meM sabase pramukha arahanta bhagavAna icchArahita evaM sarvajJa haiM, unakI divyadhvani sahaja arthAt icchArahita nikalatI hai; ataH unakI dezanA to sarvopari aura sarvazreSTha mAnI jAtI hai| AThaveM guNasthAna se bArahaveM guNasthAnavartI munirAja to zreNI para ArUr3ha hone se dhyAnamagna rahate haiM, ve upadeza kA kArya nahIM krte| isI prakAra sAtaveM guNasthAnavartI munirAja bhI zuddhopayogI hone se dhyAnamagna hI rahate haiN| lekina upadeza dene kA kArya zubhopayoga ke kAla meM hI ho sakatA hai; ataH sAdhu avasthA meM mAtra pramattavirata munirAja hI upadeza dete haiM, anya munirAja nhiiN| pramattavirata munirAja, dezavirata zrAvaka aura cauthe guNasthAnavartI avirata samyaktvI - ye tInoM hI sAdhaka avasthAvAle haiM, dezanA dene ke lie adhikArI haiM, dezanA dene ke yogya haiN| lekina ye tInoM niyama se alpajJa hote haiM; icchAsahita to haiM hii| __ isataraha terahaveM aura cauthe se chaThe guNasthAnavI jIvoM ke nimitta se bhI dezanA kI prApti pAtra jIvoM ko bhUtakAla meM milI thI, vartamAnakAla meM bhI mila rahI hai aura bhaviSya meM bhI milatI rahegI; ataH samyakcAritra kI paryAya meM krama-krama se vikAsa mAnanA hI rAjamArga hai, use hameM avazya svIkAra karanA caahie| 203. prazna - paramANurUpa pudgala meM cAra prakAra kA sparza hotA hai; kintu paramANu jaba anya paramANuoM ke sAtha milakara skandharUpa ho jAtA hai to ATha prakAra kA sparza ho jAtA hai; aisA kyoM? (88)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana uttara - vAstava meM dekhA jAe to paramANu meM zIta, uSNa, snigdha aura rUkSa - ye sparzaguNa kI cAra hI paryAyeM hotI haiM; usa samaya halkA, bhArI, komala, kaThora - ye sparzaguNa kI cAra paryAyeM nahIM hotI haiM; ye to skandha avasthA meM vyakta honevAle sApekSa dharma haiN| lekina guNa na to kabhI bar3hate haiN| aura na kabhI ghaTate haiN| are! kevalI bhagavAna dvArA kathita vyavasthA meM kahIM virodha Ane kI bAta hI nahIM hai| 176 204. prazna jJAnaguNa meM kevalajJAnarUpa pariNamana kahA~ aura kaba hotA hai? uttara - zraddhAguNa kA pUrNa nirmala kSAyika samyaktvarUpa pariNamana cauthe, pA~caveM, chaThaveM evaM sAtaveM guNasthAna meM se kisI bhI eka guNasthAna meM ho sakatA hai| jJAnaguNa ke pariNamana meM samyakpanA samyaktva hote hI usake sAtha utpanna ho jAtA hai| paNDita daulatarAmajI ne chahaDhAlA kI cauthI DhAla ke dUsare chanda meM kahA bhI hai- samyak sAthai jJAna hoy| lekina jJAna kA pUrNa nirmala pariNamana mAtra terahaveM guNasthAna meM hI hotA hai, isake pahale nahIM / jJAna kA pUrNa nirmala pariNamana hI kevalajJAna kahalAtA hai| 205. prazna jJAnaguNa ke kevalajJAnarUpa pUrNa nirmala pariNamana kA krama kaisA hai ? zraddhAguNa ke samAna hai athavA cAritraguNa ke pariNamana ke samAna ? uttara - cAritraguNa ke pUrNa nirmala pariNamana ke krama se kevalajJAna kI prApti kA krama alaga hai| cAritraguNa meM vikAsa to guNasthAna ke kramAnusAra Age-Age vRddhiMgata hotA hai| cauthe guNasthAna se cAritra meM samyakpanA aura samyakatvAcaraNa cAritra pragaTa hotA hai aura usake Age vratAdika ke rUpa meM pA~caveM, chaThaveM sAtaveM Adi guNasthAnoM meM samyakcAritra kA vikAsa kramazaH bar3hate-bar3hate siddhAvasthA meM pUrNatA ko prApta ho jAtA hai| jJAna meM samyakpanA to cauthe guNasthAna meM hotA hai| usake pazcAt pA~caveM Adi guNasthAnoM meM jJAna kI paryAya meM vikAsa Avazyaka nahIM hai; honA ho to ho aura na honA ho to na ho| jJAna kI avasthA, bArahaveM guNasthAnaparyaMta sAmAnyatayA AvazyakarUpa meM samyak mati zrutajJAnarUpa hI rahatI hai, terahaveM (89) agurulaghutvaguNa- vivecana 177 guNasthAna ke prathama samaya meM hI kSAyopazamika pUrNa zruta jJAnaparyAya kA vyaya hokara pUrNajJAnarUpa kevalajJAnaparyAya kA utpAda ho jAtA hai| kisI-kisI sAdhaka munirAja ko mati zruta aura avadhijJAnarUpa avasthA bArahaveM guNasthAna ke pahale vyakta ho sakatI hai athavA matizruta-avadhi aura mana:paryayajJAnarUpa cAroM jJAnoM kA vikAsa bhI ho sakatA hai; kintu aneka munivaroM ke aise bhI ho sakatA hai, jinheM ukta jJAnoM kA vikAsa hue binA hI sirpha mati zrutajJAnapUrvaka kevalajJAnarUpa vikasita jJAnaparyAya kI prApti bhI ho sakatI hai| 206. prazna - sukhaguNa kI paryAya kA vikAsa-krama kaisA hai ? uttara - sukhaguNa kI paryAya kA vikAsa-krama, cAritraguNa ke pariNamana ke sAtha jur3A huA hai| cAritraguNa meM jitanI jitanI vItarAgatA bar3hatI jAtI hai, usI krama se sukhaguNa kI paryAya meM bhI atIndriya Ananda kI vRddhi hotI jAtI hai| 207. prazna Apane mAtra zraddhA, jJAna, cAritra aura sukha guNa kA hI vikAsa-krama batalAyA hai, anya guNoM kA vikAsa-krama bhI batAie na ? uttara - bandhuvara! hamArA prayojana to mAtra mokSamArga se hai| vaha mokSamArga bhI hameM zAzvata sukha ke lie hI caahie| ataeva hamane zraddhA, jJAna, cAritra aura sukha - ina cAroM guNa kA hI vikAsa-krama samajhAyA hai| jIvadravya meM to ananta guNa haiM aura una sabakA bhI apanA-apanA vikAsa-krama sambhava hai, kintu unase hamArA koI vizeSa prayojana siddha hotA nahIM hai; ataH unakA vikAsa-krama AcAryoM ne bhI nahIM samajhAyA hai| 208. prazna - agurulaghutvaguNa ko jAnane se hameM kyA-kyA lAbha hote haiM? uttara - agurulaghutvaguNa ko jAnane se hameM aneka lAbha hote haiM; jinakA saMkSipta vivaraNa nimna prakAra hai - 1. vizva kA pratyeka dravya, pratyeka dravya kA pratyeka guNa aura pratyeka guNa kI pratyeka paryAya apanI-apanI apekSA se sat, ahetuka evaM nirapekSa hai; isaprakAra vastu-vyavasthA kA spaSTa aura pakkA nirNaya hotA hai|
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________________ 178 jinadharma-vivecana 2. pratyeka vastu kA dravya-kSetra-kAla-bhAva bhinna-bhinna hI hone se eka vastu kA anya vastu se kisI bhI prakAra kA koI sambandha nahIM hai arthAt pratyeka dravya pUrNarUpeNa svatantra hI hai- aisA vastusvarUpa kA yathArtha jJAna hotA hai| yaha bhedajJAna hI mokSamArga ko pragaTa karane kA ekamAtra upAya hai| 3. eka dravya, anya dravyarUpa pariNamita nahIM hotA arthAt jIvadravya kabhI pudgalAdi anya dravyarUpa nahIM ho sktaa| 4. jIva aura pudgalAdi anya dravyoM kI bhI apanI-apanI svatantra sattA hai| jIvadravya, sadaiva jIvadravyarUpa aura pudgalAdi, sadaiva pudgalAdirUpa hI rahate haiN| jaise - pudgalarUpa zarIra kabhI bhI jIvarUpa nahIM ho sakatA; isIprakAra TI.vI., Tepa-rikArDara, reDiyo, sIDI-pleyara, mobAIla Adi pudgala kabhI jIva nahIM ho skte| rAma kA jIva. usake svarUpa meM hI rahegA, lakSmaNa kA jIva usake apane svarUpa meM hI rhegaa| kisI meM bhI isa svatantra pariNamana meM parivartana karane kI zakti nahIM hai; ataH kartAbuddhi kA sahaja hI nAza ho jAtA hai| 5. pratyeka guNa kA pariNamana bhinna-bhinna aura svatantra hotA hai; ataH eka hI dravya meM rahanevAle eka guNa kI paryAya, usI dravya meM rahanevAle anya guNa kI paryAya se kathaMcit svatantra hai - aisA nirNaya hotA hai| 6. zraddhAguNa kI paryAya kSAyika samyaktvarUpa siddha bhagavAna kI samyaktva paryAya ke samAna pUrNa nirmala hone para bhI sAdhaka ke jJAna aura cAritraguNa kI paryAyeM apUrNa aura avikasita rahatI haiN| 7. paryAyoM kA pariNamana svatantra aura nirapekSa hone ke kAraNa hI zrAvaka aura sAdhu ke bhinna-bhinna aneka guNasthAna hote haiM - yaha viSaya agurulaghutvaguNa se spaSTa samajha meM AtA hai| 8. zraddhA kI paryAya cauthe guNasthAna meM, jJAnaguNa kI paryAya terahaveM guNasthAna meM evaM cAritra kI yathAkhyAtarUpa paryAya bArahaveM guNasthAna meM evaM siddhAvasthA meM pUrNa nirmala hotI hai; aisA pakkA jJAna ho jAtA hai| 9. bhAvaliMgI munirAja bhUmikA ke yogya krodhAdi kaSAyarUpa pariNamita hote hue bhI unakA bhAvaliMgIpanA surakSita rahatA hai| isIprakAra vratI agurulaghutvaguNa-vivecana 179 zrAvaka pUjAdi zubhakArya aura avratI-zrAvaka, yuddhAdi azubhakArya rUpa pariNamita hote hue bhI unakA sAdhakapanA banA raha sakatA hai - yaha viSaya samajha meM AtA hai| 10. dravya aura guNoM kA, dravya-kSetra-kAla eka hI hone se dravya meM se guNa bikharakara alaga-alaga nahIM hote| jaise - bore meM bhare hue gehU~ bikharakara alaga ho jAte haiM; vaise jIvadravya meM se jJAnAdi guNa tathA pudgaladravya meM se sparza Adi guNa bikharakara alaga-alaga nahIM hote haiN| 11. jIva-pudgalAdi dravyoM meM jJAnAdi yA sparzAdi guNa jitane aura jaise haiM, ve utane aura vaise hI bane rahate haiM; na hInAdhika hote haiM aura na unakA abhAva hotA hai| 209. prazna -tadabhava mokSagAmI bhagavAna rAmacandra apanI patnI sItA ke viyoga meM itane zoka-vihvala the ki vaha per3a-paudhoM se bhI sItAjI ke sambandha meM pU~chate the tathA bhAI lakSmaNa ke zava/murde ko apane kandhe para chaha mAha taka Dhote evaM rote phire the; vahA~ hameM yahA~ kyA samajhanA cAhie? uttara - zraddhAguNa kI kSAyika samyaktvarUpa paryAya to prabhu rAmacandra ke jIvana meM vyakta/pragaTa thI, kintu cAritraguNa kI paryAya samyak (samyaktvAcaraNarUpa) hone para bhI cAritra meM apekSAkRta vikAsa nahIM huA thA, cAritra meM kamajorI thI - aisA samajhanA caahie| cakravartI, kAmadeva evaM tIrthaMkara - ina tIna-tIna padavI ke dhAraka zAntinAtha, kunthunAtha aura aranAtha, apane vartamAna bhava kA ujjvala bhaviSya jAnate hue bhI chaha khaNDa ke adhipati evaM 96 hajAra rAniyoM ke pati bane the| isase siddha hotA hai ki zraddhAguNa kI nirmala paryAya, cAritraguNa ke pariNamana meM kiMcit bhI jabaradastI nahIM kara paatii| yadi hameM kabhI kisI samyagdRSTi ke jIvana meM apekSAkRta cAritra kA vikAsa dekhane meM na Ave to hameM agurulaghutvaguNa kA sAra - eka guNa dUsare guNarUpa nahIM hotA, eka guNa dUsare guNa kA kArya nahIM karatA - isa tAttvika viSaya para vicAra kara, vastu-sthiti samajha lenA caahie| isaprakAra 'agurulaghutvaguNa' kA 17 praznottara ke sAtha vivecana pUrNa hotA hai| (90)
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________________ pradezatvaguNa-vivecana || maGgalAcaraNa / / pradezatvaguNa kI zakti se, AkAra dravya dharA kareM; nijakSetra meM vyApaka raheM, AkAra bhI palaTA kreN| AkAra haiM saba ke alaga, hoM lIna apane jJAna meM; jAno inheM sAmAnyaguNa, rakkho sadA zraddhAna meN| dravya meM rahanevAle pradezatvaguNa ke kAraNa pratyeka dravya ko apanAapanA svatantra AkAra prApta hotA hai arthAt pradezatvaguNa se hI dravya apane AkAra ko dhAraNa karatA hai| pradezatvaguNa se hI dravya apane yogya AkAzakSetra ko vyApatA hai, gheratA hai; isalie dravya apanA AkAra grahaNa karane meM svAdhIna hai| pratyeka dravya kA AkAra bhinna-bhinna hai - aisA jAnakara he jIva! apane jJAnasvabhAva meM DUba jAo, magna ho jAo, lIna ho jaao| 210. prazna - AcAryoM ne zAstroM meM pradezatvaguNa kA varNana kyoM kiyA hai? uttara - ajJAnI jIva zarIra evaM anya pudgaloM ke anukUla AkAroM se rAga aura pratikUla AkAroM se dveSa dina-rAta karatA rahatA hai aura vyartha hI duHkhI hotA hai| sabhI dravyoM kA apanA-apanA AkAra to mAtra unakI dravyagata yogyatA se pradezatvaguNa ke kAraNa hI hotA hai| AkAra-sambandhI ajJAnI ke sabhI vikalpa vyartha to hote hI haiM sAtha hI duHkhadAyaka bhI hote haiN| koI jIva jJAnI ho yA ajJAnI, vaha kisI bhI dravya ko apanI icchA ke anusAra AkAra to de hI nahIM sktaa| isa vAstavika vastu-vyavasthA kA jJAna karAne ke lie hI AcAryoM ne zAstroM meM pradezatvaguNa kA varNana kiyA hai| 211. prazna - pradezatvaguNa kA kathana, chaha sAmAnya guNoM meM sabase anta meM kyoM kiyA hai? uttara - 1. guNoM kA samUha na ho to dravya kI svatantra sattA siddha nahIM pradezatvaguNa-vivecana ho sktii| 2. guNoM kI samUharUpa sattA kisI na kisI AdhAra/Azraya ke binA Tika nahIM sktii| 3. AdhAra/Azraya pradezavAna vastu kA hI hotA hai| 4. ataH pradezatvaguNa kA kathana sabase anta meM kiyA gayA hai| 212. prazna - pradezatvaguNa kise kahate haiM? uttara - jisa zakti ke kAraNa dravya kA koI na koI AkAra avazya hotA hai; use pradezatvaguNa kahate haiN| 213. prazna - kyA pradezatvaguNa kA kathana anya zAstroM meM bhI AyA hai? yadi hA~, to batAne kA kaSTa kreN| uttara - 1. AcArya kundakunda ne niyamasAra zAstra kI gAthA 3536 meM chaha dravyoM ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA batAI hai| ve kahate haiM - "mUrta (pudgala) dravya ke saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradeza hote haiN| dharma, adharma tathA eka jIva ke asaMkhyAta pradeza hote haiN| lokAkAza ke, dharma, adharma tathA eka jIva kI bhA~ti asaMkhyAta pradeza hote haiN| zeSa alokAkAza aura sampUrNa AkAza ke ananta pradeza hote haiN| kAla ko kAyavAnapane kA abhAva hai; kyoMki vaha ekapradezI hai|" 214. zaMkA - yahA~ to pradezatvaguNa ke kAraNa dravya ke AkAra kI bAta cala rahI hai aura Apa to chaha dravyoM ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA kI carcA kara rahe ho? kucha bAta samajha meM nahIM A rahI hai| samAdhAna - isameM samajha meM na Ane kI bAta kyA hai? dekho, 1. dravya kA AkAra to pradezoM ke kAraNa hI banatA hai; isalie yahA~ dravyoM ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA batAI jA rahI hai| 2. AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra ke pA~caveM adhyAya ke sUtra 811 meM bhI chaha dravyoM kI pradezoM kI saMkhyA batAI hai, jo krama se isaprakAra hai - "dharma, adharma aura eka jIva ke asaMkhyAta pradeza haiN| AkAza ke ananta pradeza haiN| pudgaloM ke saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradeza haiN| paramANu ke pradeza nahIM haiM arthAt usakA eka pradeza hai|" (91)
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________________ 182 jinadharma-vivecana 3. AcArya amRtacandra ne samayasAra pariziSTa meM 47 zaktiyoM ke varNana ke prasaMga meM zakti kramAMka 24 meM pradezatvazakti kA varNana kiyA hai| vahA~ AcArya ne isakA nAma niyatapradezatvazakti diyA hai| usakA svarUpa hai - "anAdikAla se saMsAra-avasthA meM saMkoca-vistAra se lakSita aura siddha-avasthA meM caramazarIra se kiMcit nyUna-parimANa tathA lokAkAza ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA ke barAbara asaMkhyAta pradezI AtmA ke avayavavAlI niyatapradezatvazakti hai|" 4. zrI nemicandra siddhAntadeva ne apanI kRti dravyasaMgraha kI gAthA 25 meM bhI chaha dravyoM ke pradezoM kI saMkhyA kahI hai - "eka jIva tathA dharmaadharma dravyoM meM asaMkhyAta pradeza haiM / AkAza meM ananta pradeza haiN| pudgala meM saMkhyAta, asaMkhyAta aura ananta pradeza haiM tathA pratyeka kAladravya, eka pradezavAlA hai, isalie vaha kAyavAna nahIM hai|" ina granthoM ko chor3akara bhI pravacanasAra gAthA 137 evaM 144 tathA inhIM gAthAoM kI TIkA meM bhI pradezoM kA varNana tarka dvArA siddha kiyA gayA hai, jo mUlataH paThanIya hai| yahI viSaya paMcAdhyAyI ke prathama bhAga, zloka 28 tathA 187 meM bhI milegaa| 215. prazna - 'AkAra' zabda se hameM kyA samajhanA cAhie? uttara - dravyoM kI kucha na kucha lambAI-caur3AI vibhinna AkRtiyoM meM gola, caukoNa, trikoNa, SaTkoNa Adi meM se koI na koI eka AkRti avazya honA cAhie; kyoMki AkRtirahita vastu ho hI nahIM sakatI; bhale hI vaha AkAra choTA-bar3A Adi koI bhI ho| 216. prazna - kyA amUrtika dravyoM kA bhI koI AkAra hotA hai? uttara - amUrtika dravyoM kA bhI AkAra avazya hotA hai; parantu katipaya mUrtika pudgala-skandhoM Adi ke samAna amUrtika dravyoM kA AkAra hameM A~khoM se dikhAI nahIM detaa| 217. prazna - dravya kA AkAra sadaiva eka-sA hI rahatA hai athavA badalatA bhI rahatA hai? pradezatvaguNa-vivecana 183 uttara - saMsArI jIva aura pudgala-skandhoM kA AkAra sadA badalatA rahatA hai| jaise, ekendriya se lekara paMcendriya taka ke samasta jIva saMsArI haiN| unakA unake zarIra ke sAtha ekakSetrAvagAha sambandha hai| zarIra kA AkAra choTA-bar3A, moTA-patalA hotA rahatA hai, jisake kAraNa jIva kA AkAra bhI satata badalatA rahatA hai| dina bhara manuSya uThatA-baiThatA hai, sotA-jAgatA hai, apane zarIra ke aMgoM kA bhI anya-anya kAryavaza halana-calana karatA rahatA hai, vyAyAma Adi bhI karatA hai; jisake kAraNa manuSya kA AkAra bhI badalatA rahatA hai| yaha hameM pratyakSa hI dekhane meM AtA hai| loka siddhaparyAya se pariNamita zuddhajIva, pudgalaparamANu, kAlANu, dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya evaM AkAzadravya kA AkAra kabhI nahIM badalatA hai| kyoMki - 1. siddha jIva, antima puruSAkAra se kiMcit nyUnatA sahita siddhAlaya meM virAjate haiN| vahA~ jIva ke AkAra badalane kA koI nimittakAraNa bhI nahIM hai aura upAdAna kI yogyatA bhI usa prakAra kI nahIM hone se anantakAla taka unakA AkAra eka jaisA hI banA rahatA hai| 2. paramANu aura kAlANu kA AkAra eka pradeza mAtra hI hai; ataH unakA AkAra bhI sadA eka samAna rahatA hai; kyoMki pradeza kA AkAra sadaiva eka samAna mAnA gayA hai| 3. dharmAstikAya aura adharmAstikAya lokAkAza pramANa haiM; ataH ve bhI sadaiva eka hI AkAra meM rahate haiN| vahA~ AkAra badalane kA koI kAraNa bhI nahIM hai| vizAlakAya AkAza kA bhI ananta pradezI AkAra jaisA hai, vaisA hI sadaiva banA rahatA hai| AkAza, dazoM dizAoM meM anantatA ko prApta haiN| 218. prazna - pradezatvaguNa ko na mAnane se kyA hAniyA~ hotI haiM? uttara - pradezatvaguNa ko na mAnane se dravya kA koI AkAra siddha nahIM (92)
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________________ 184 jinadharma-vivecana hotA hai, jisake kAraNa dravya ke sarvathA nirAkArapane kA prasaMga AtA hai arthAt dravya ke hI abhAva hone kA prasaMga AtA hai / dravya kA AdhAra / Azraya pradeza hI to hai| pradezoM ke kAraNa hI dravya kA astitva rahatA hai| yadi pradeza hI nahIM raheMge to dravya kA AzrayabhUta svakSetra kauna rahegA? ataH Azraya ke binA dravya ke hI abhAva kA ( nyAyasaMgata ) prasaMga AtA hai| 219. prazna- pradezatvaguNa ko jAnane se hameM kyA-kyA lAbha hote haiM? uttara - pradezatvaguNa ko jAnane se hameM aneka lAbha hote haiM - 1. jIva ke choTe-bar3e AkAra se sukha duHkha kA koI sambandha nahIM hai| aisA nirNaya hotA hai| udAharaNArtha vizAlakAya kAmadeva bAhubalI, siddha bhagavAna banakara siddhAlaya meM apane bar3e AkAra ke sAtha virAjamAna haiM aura cakravartI bharata siddha bhagavAna ke rUpa meM unase thor3e choTe AkAra ke sAtha virAjamAna haiM; para donoM ke avyAbAdha ananta kSAyikasukha meM koI antara nahIM hai| 2. kisI choTe AkAra ke vyakti ko krodha AyA tathA dUsare vizAlakAya vyakti ko krodha AyA; para donoM ko apane vibhAva pariNAmoM ke kAraNa samAna hI duHkha huA hai| isaprakAra bAhya kAyA ke AkAra ke kAraNa duHkha meM hInAdhikatA nahIM huii| 3. pratyeka dravya kA AkAra, usake pradezatvaguNa ke kAraNa hI hai; ataH hama kisI dravya kA AkAra banA sakate haiM- aisI mAnyatA nikala jAtI hai| jaise - choTe bacce khela-khela meM gIlI miTTI yA reta meM apanA paira pha~sAkara gharauMdA banAte haiN| Apane bhI aise khela khelakara manovinoda kiyA hI hogaa| aba yahA~ hama vicAra kareM ki baccoM ne miTTI yA reta meM jo gharauMdA banAyA hai, vaha unake pairoM ke kAraNa banA hai athavA miTTI meM yA reta meM jo pradezatvaguNa hai, usake kAraNa banA hai? - (93) pradezatvaguNa - vivecana 185 yadi Apa kahoge ki pairoM ke kAraNa gharauMdA banA hai to phira paira to sadaiva vidyamAna rahate haiM; ataH gharauMdA hamezA hI banate rahanA cAhie; kintu aisA nahIM hotA hai| isase siddha hotA hai ki baccoM dvArA banAyA gayA gharauMdA unake pairoM ke kAraNa nahIM, apitu miTTI athavA retarUpI pudgala ke pradezatvaguNa ke kAraNa banA hai; anya kAraNa se nahIM / 4. hamane kisI lakar3I meM kIla ThokI aura vaha kIla usameM pha~sa gii| kucha kAla vyatIta hone para kIla nikAlane se lakar3I meM eka choTAsA gaDDA bana gyaa| usa gaDDerUpa AkAra kI racanA kIla athavA vyakti ke kAraNa nahIM; apitu lakar3I ke apane pradezatvaguNa ke kAraNa banI hai| aisA samajhane se hamArI kartAbuddhi kA sahaja hI nAza ho jAtA hai - 220. zaMkA - hama pratyakSa A~khoM se dekha rahe haiM ki vyakti ne lakar3I meM kIla ThokI, jisase lakar3I meM eka choTA gaDDA bana gayA, para Apa samajhA rahe haiM ki yaha kArya pradezatvaguNa ke kAraNa huA; yaha hamArI samajha meM nahIM AtA? samAdhAna - Apako yahA~ atyanta gambhIratApUrvaka vicAra karane kI AvazyakatA hai, jisase sahaja hI vastusthiti samajha meM A jaaegii| 1. hamArI-ApakI dRSTi, saMyogoM para TikI huI hone se saMyogadRSTi hai yA bAhyadRSTi hai| yahA~ vivecana svabhAvadRSTi se cala rahA hai| sarvajJa bhagavAna ko athavA vastusvarUpa ko svabhAvadRSTi hI mAnya hai| jaba hama vastusvabhAva kI mukhyatA se dekheMge to saba samajha meM A jaaegaa| 2. anAdikAla se ajJAnI saMyoga-dRSTi se dekhatA calA AyA hai| aura use mithyAtvavaza chor3anA bhI nahIM cAhatA, isIlie duHkhI hotA hai; ataH hameM svabhAva - dRSTi svIkArane kA prayatna karanA cAhie / svabhAva dRSTi kA svIkAra karate hI hameM apanA tathA para ke akartApane kA sahaja nirNayAtmaka jJAna ho jaaegaa| akartApanA aura jJAtApanA, donoM
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________________ 186 jinadharma-vivecana kA eka hI artha hai| yaha jJAtApanA hI sukhI hone kA satya aura paramArtha tathA ekameva upAya hai; jise ananta sarvajJa bhagavantoM ne anAdi se ananta jIvoM ke kalyANa ke lie divyadhvani dvArA ananta bAra kahA/batAyA hai| 3. arUpI dravyoM kA AkAra bhI bhinna-bhinna hone se unakI bhinnatA kA nirNaya hotA hai| jaise - dharmAstikAya, adharmAstikAya, ananta siddha bhagavantoM kA AkAra aadi| dekho, dharmAstikAya evaM adharmAstikAya, ina donoM dravyoM kA AkAra samAna hai, samAna hone se eka jaisA bhI hai, phira bhI donoM kA AkAra eka nahIM hai; kyoMki pratyeka dravya kA pradezatvaguNa pRthak-pRthak hai| 4. jIva, saMsAra avasthA meM zarIrAkAra hone para bhI usakA AkAra zarIra ke kAraNa nahIM; apitu apane pradezatvaguNa ke kAraNa hai| 'dravyasaMgraha' zAstra kI gAthA kramAMka 2 meM jIva ko 'sadehaparimANo' kahA hai, para yaha kathana vyavahAranaya kI apekSA se kiyA gayA hai| ataH kisI bhI dravya kA jo AkAra ho, vaha mAtra pradezatvaguNa ke kAraNa hI hai, anya ke kAraNa nahIM; yahI svIkAra karanA cAhie; yahI vAstavika hai, kAlpanika nhiiN| 5. siddha bhagavAna bhI jIvadravya haiM, jIva hone se unameM bhI pradezatvaguNa hai, isalie ve sAkAra kahe jAte haiM, kintu pudgala-skandhoM ke jaisA unakA mUrta AkAra nahIM hai, ataH unheM nirAkAra bhI kahA jAtA hai; vAstava meM unakA AkAra to jJAnAkAra hai| 6. vizva meM jitane dravya haiM, utane hI pradezatvaguNa hai| jIva cetana hai; ataH unakA pradezatvaguNa bhI cetana kahA jA sakatA hai; kyoMki jIvoM ke pradezatvaguNa meM cetanAguNa kA rUpa hotA hai| isIprakAra zeSa acetana dravyoM kA pradezatvaguNa acetana kahe jA sakate haiN| 7. isIprakAra kriyAzIla dravyoM ke pradezatvaguNa sakriya aura kriyArahita dravyoM ke pradezatvaguNa niSkriya kahe jAte haiN| isaprakAra 'pradezatvaguNa' kA 10 praznottara ke sAtha vivecana pUrNa hotA hai| paryAya-vivecana 221. prazna - jinadharma-pravezikA meM dravya evaM guNa kI paribhASA dene ke bAda paryAya kI paribhASA kyoM dI gaI hai? utara - 'paryAya' kA artha avasthA hai| jIvAdi chaha dravya aura jJAnAdi evaM sparzAdi guNa, paryAya ke binA rahate hI nahIM haiM; ataH dravya aura guNa kI paribhASA jAnane ke pazcAt unakI hI vizeSa jAnakArI evaM paryAyoM ko vistAra se samajhane ke lie paryAya kA varNana karanA Avazyaka hai| paryAya ko jAne binA dravya aura guNa ko jAnanA adhUrA hI rahatA hai; kyoMki vastu ko dravya-paryAyAtmaka kaho athavA guNa-paryAyAtmaka eka hI bAta hai| 222. prazna - paryAya kise kahate haiM? utara - guNoM ke kArya arthAt pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiN| 223. prazna - guru gopAladAsajI baraiyA ne paryAya kI jo paribhASA batAI hai, tadanusAra anya granthoM meM jo paribhASAe~ AyI haiM, unake kucha Agama-pramANa batAie? utara - Agama meM paryAya kI aneka paribhASAe~ AyI haiM; unameM se kucha paribhASAoM kA ullekha hama yahA~ karate haiM - 1. AcArya devasenakRta AlApapaddhati meM paryAya adhikAra ke prathama sUtra meM paryAya kI paribhASA nimnAnusAra AtI hai - "dravya aura guNoM ke vikAra arthAt pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiN|" 2. paMcAdhyAyI zAstra ke prathama adhyAya ke zloka 26 evaM 117 meM paryAya kI paribhASA dI gaI hai - "guNoM meM pratisamaya honevAlI avasthA kA nAma paryAya hai| athavA dravyoM meM jo aMza-kalpanA kI jAtI hai. yahIM to paryAyoM kA svarUpa hai|" (94)
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________________ 188 jinadharma-vivecana 3. gommaTasAra (jIvakANDa), gAthA 572 meM AcArya nemicandra siddhAnta cakravartI ne kahA hai- "vyavahAra, vikalpa, bheda aura paryAya - ye saba ekArthavAcI haiN|" 4. AcArya umAsvAmI ne tattvArthasUtra, adhyAya 5, sUtra 42 meM kahA hai- 'tadbhAvaH pariNAmaH / arthAt usakA honA, pratisamaya badalate rahanA, use paryAya kahate haiN| 224. prazna - paryAya kA kartA kauna hai? utara - paryAya ke kartA ko lekara anya-anya vivakSAoM se alagaalaga kathana nimnAnusAra haiM - 1. dravya kI mukhyatA se vicAra karate haiM to dravya hI paryAya kA kartA hai / dravya ko vyApaka aura paryAya ko vyApya mAnA gayA hai| samayasAra kalaza 49 meM AcArya amRtacandradeva kartA-karma kA khulAsA karate hue kahate haiM - "vyApaka arthAt dravya, vyApya arthAt paryAya / vyApaka dravya kartA hai aura vyApyarUpa paryAya karma hai|" - isakA spaSTa artha hai - dravya kartA hai aura usakI paryAya karma hai| jaba kabhI hameM kartA-karma kA vyavasthita yA sunizcita jJAna / khulAsA / vivecana apekSita ho to dravya niyama se pariNamana karatA hai aisA samajhanA caahie| yahA~ eka jIvadravya ko lekara kartA-karma kahA hai, isakA artha mAtra jIvoM meM kartA-karma ghaTita hotA hai - aisA nahIM / pratyeka dravya meM yaha kartA-karma sambandha abAdhita hai| jIvadravya evaM usakI paryAya athavA pudgaladravya evaM usakI paryAyeM to hama Apako spaSTa jAnane meM AtI haiN| isI taraha dharma-adharmadravya, AkAza evaM kAladravya meM bhI aisA hI samajhanA caahie| hA~, ina cAra arUpI dravyoM ke kartA-karmapane ko tarka evaM yukti se hI samajhanA Avazyaka hai| AcArya amRtacandra ne hI samayasAra kalaza 51 meM bhI isI viSaya ko aura spaSTa kiyA hai - (95) paryAya-vivecana "yaH pariNamati sa kartA, yaH pariNAmo bhavettu tatkarma / yA pariNatiH kriyA sA, trayamapi bhinnaM na vastutayA // arthAt jo pariNamita hotA hai, vaha kartA hai; usakA jo pariNAma hai, vaha karma hai aura usakI jo pariNati hai, vaha kriyA hai ye tInoM vasturUpa se bhinna nahIM haiN| " - 189 miTTI kartA hai aura ghaTa karma hai, yaha kartA-karma sambandha to jaina adhyAtma jagat meM ati prasiddha hai tathA kumbhakAra, ghaTakArya meM nimitta mAtra hai| 2. bhedanaya kI apekSA se hama guNa ko bhI kartA kaha sakate haiN| jaba hama jIvadravya ke jJAnaguNa ko svIkAreMge to jJAnaguNa kartA huA aura kevalajJAna kI paryAya, usakA karma huii| jJAnAvaraNa karma kA sampUrNa kSaya hone se kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai - yaha vyavahAranaya kA kathana hai, nimittapradhAna kathana hai| jJAnaguNa kA pariNamana kevalajJAnarUpa hotA hai, isalie jJAnaguNa kartA hai aura kevalajJAnarUpa paryAya karma hai aise kartA-karma kI svIkRti hotI hai| 225. prazna - paryAya kA kartA guNa hai - ise udAharaNasahita spaSTa kreN| utara - eka guNa kA kArya athavA pariNamana, usI eka guNa meM se hI AtA hai; usI dravya ke anya guNa meM se yA anya dravya meM se nahIM AtA / jaise- hamane kacce, hare tathA khaTTe Ama ko pakane ke lie pAla / ghAsa meM rakhA; Ama pakA, pIlA tathA mIThA ho gyaa| aba hameM yaha nirNaya karanA hai ki Ama kA harA raMga badala kara pIlA raMga kahA~ se aura kisa prakAra huA ? Ama meM jo pIlApana AyA hai, vaha Ama ke varNaguNa meM se AyA hai athavA pAla arthAt ghAsa meM se AyA hai? yahA~ hama paryAya kA svarUpa samajhane kA kArya kara rahe haiM, ataH ApakA sahaja uttara hogA ki Ama meM pIlApana usake varNaguNa meM se AyA hai, pAla/ghAsa Adi meM se nahIM aayaa| pAla, ghAsa, kamarA Adi pIlepana meM nimitta haiN|
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana hama Apase punaH prazna karate haiM ki Apane Ama ko pakane ke lie kamare ke andara pAla meM apane hI hAthoM se rakhA thA to Ama ke pIlepana meM kamarA, hAtha aura pAla Adi ne kitane pratizata kAma kiyA hai? aura varNaguNa ne kitane pratizata kAma kiyA hai? isa para ApakA uttara hogA ki Ama ke pIlepana meM kamarA, hAtha, pAla Adi ne eka pratizata bhI kAma nahIM kiyaa| Ama meM pIlApana zata-pratizata Ama ke varNaguNa meM se hI AyA hai; kyoMki Apa samajha cuke haiM ki paryA guNa meM se hI AtI hai, anya guNa aura anya dravya meM se nahIM / jaise, Ama meM, Ama ke hI varNaguNa meM se pIlApana AyA hai| isIprakAra samajhanA cAhie ki Ama meM jo mIThApana AyA hai, vaha Ama ke hI rasaguNa meM se AyA hai, anya guNa yA anya dravya meM se nahIM / 190 pAnI ko prAsuka karane ke lie hamane pAnI ko dohare channe se chAna kara agni para rakhA / 15 miniTa pazcAt dekhA to pAnI bahuta garama ho gyaa| aba hameM prazna utpanna hotA hai ki pAnI meM jo uSNatA AI hai, vaha uSNatA agni meM se AI athavA pAnI ke sparzaguNa meM se AI hai ? koI kaha sakatA hai ki pAnI meM uSNatA agni meM se AI hai; isalie to pAnI garama huA hai| isa para hamArA punaH 226. prazna hai - batAie ki agni meM se uSNatA nikalakara pAnI meM praviSTa huI hai to agni kI uSNatA kucha kama to honI hI caahie| aba batAie ki agni meM se uSNatA kitanI kama huI? taba sahaja hI uttara AegA agni kI uSNatA kucha bhI kama nahIM huI hai| isakA spaSTa artha yaha huA ki agni meM se uSNatA nikala ra pAnI meM praviSTa nahIM huI, ataH agni meM se uSNatA pAnI meM AI hai - yaha kathana asatya hai| pAnI ke garama hone meM agni nimitta jarUra hai| paryAya kI paribhASA ke anusAra vicAra karate haiM to yaha vidita hotA hai ki pAnI kA sparzaguNa pahale zItala thA, ataH pAnI ke sparzaguNa meM se (96) paryAya- vivecana 191 hI uSNa avasthA / paryAya AI hai| pAnI meM AI huI uSNatA kA kartA sparzaguNa hai; rasa, gandha, varNaguNa athavA agni Adi anya dravya nahIM / isI prakAra jIvadravya ke jJAnaguNa kI paryAya kA vicAra nimnAnusAra kiyA jA sakatA hai - yuvA tIrthaMkara mahAvIra ne apanI 30 varSa kI Ayu meM digambara sAdhu avasthA kA svIkAra kiyA thaa| usake pazcAt 12 varSa taka sAdhu avasthA meM Atma-sAdhanA kI thI / tatpazcAt unhoMne 42 varSa kI Ayu meM kevalajJAna prApta kiyaa| yahA~ yaha vicAra karanA hai ki cAra jJAnadhArI / alpajJAnI munirAja mahAvIra ko jo kevalajJAna huA, kyA vaha kevalajJAna, jJAnaguNa meM se pragaTa huA athavA unake zarIra kI digambara avasthA se yA mahAvrata pAlanarUpa unake puNya se utpanna huA? digambara avasthA to zarIra arthAt pudgala kI pariNati hai| pudgala kI paryAya meM se kevalajJAna utpanna ho hI nahIM sakatA; kyoMki jJAnarahita zarIra, kevalajJAna kaise utpanna kara sakatA hai? mahAvratarUpa vikalpAtmaka pariNAma to jIva kI Asava-bandharUpa vikArI arthAt duHkharUpa avasthA hai| duHkharUpa avasthA se anantasukhasvarUpa kevalajJAna kaise utpanna ho sakatA hai? jaba hama paryAya kI paribhASA ke anusAra vicAra karate haiM, taba jJAnaguNa meM se hI kevalajJAna utpanna hotA hai, yaha bAta spaSTa samajha meM AtI hai| isakA artha yaha bhI na mAneM ki digambara avasthA ko svIkAra kiye binA hI kevalajJAna jAtA hai; kevalajJAna ke lie nimittarUpa se digambara muni avasthA kA honA anivArya hai| hameM bhUkha lagI ho aura usI samaya puNyodaya se anukUla bhojana mila jAe, jise grahaNa karake hameM zAnti yA samAdhAna prApta ho| lekina yahA~ yaha vicAra karanA hai ki hameM jo zAnti yA samAdhAna milA, vaha kyA bhojana meM se AyA athavA apanI AtmA ke cAritraguNa meM se AyA ?
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana yadi bhojana meM se zAnti AtI hotI to jisa thAlI meM bhojana parosA gayA thA, usa thAlI ko bhI zAnti milanA cAhie tathA jina bartanoM meM bhojana banAyA gayA hai, unheM bhI zAnti milanA caahie| Apa kaheMge ki thAlI, bartana Adi to jar3a haiM, ajIva haiM; unheM sukha-zAnti kaise milegI ? sukha, zAnti aura samAdhAna to jIva ko hI milegA, anya dravyoM ko nhiiN| isI prakAra paryAya kI paribhASA hameM bodha 192 hai ki guNa meM se hI paryAya AegI; anya padArthoM meM se nahIM / paMcAdhyAyI, prathama khaNDa, zloka 165 meM kahA bhI hai ki jo kramavartI, anitya, vyatirekI, utpAda-vyayarUpa aura kathaMcit dhauvyAtmaka hotI haiM; unheM paryAya kahate haiN| 227. prazna - paryAya ke anya nAma kauna-kauna se haiM? utara - avasthA, hAlata, dazA, kriyA, kArya, pariNamana, pariNAma, pariNati, aMza, bhAga, cheda, kramavartI, vyatirekI, anitya, vizeSa Adi aneka nAma paryAya ke haiM / 228. prazna - paryAya kA svarUpa jAnane se hameM kyA lAbha hai ? utara - paryAya kA svarUpa jAnane se hameM nimna aneka lAbha haiM - 1. vizva meM rahanevAle jAti apekSA chaha dravyoM meM aura saMkhyA apekSA anantAnanta dravyoM meM arthAt pratyeka dravya meM aura pratyeka dravya meM rahanevAle anantAnanta guNoM meM arthAt pratyeka guNa meM bhI niyama se pratisamaya pariNamana ho rahA hai| guNoM ke pariNamana yA dravya kA pariNamana, donoM kA eka hI artha hai; kyoMki dravya guNoM kA hI to samUha hai| bheda vivakSA se kahanA ho to guNoM ke pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiM aura abheda vivakSA se kahanA ho to dravya ke pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiN| merI paryAyeM, mere jIvadravya athavA usake jJAnAdi guNoM meM se hI haiM arthAt mere acche-bure pariNAma ke lie maiM svayaM svatantratayA uttarA hU~ - aisA pakkA nirNaya hone para dUsare dravyoM kI apekSA naSTa ho jAtI hai| (97) paryAya-vivecana 193 paradravya aura unake guNoM se merA kucha bhI acchA-burA honA sambhava nahIM hai; ataH para kI apekSA chor3akara jIva, svayaM Atma-sanmukha hotA hai| Atma-sanmukha hote hI sukhI jIvana kA prArambha ho jAtA hai tathA yaha dRr3ha zraddhAna ho jAtA hai ki 'maiM hI merA kartA-dhartA para se kucha bhI sambandha nhiiN|' sAtha hI zraddhA samyak hote hI jJAna meM bhI samyakpanA A hI jAtA hai| 2. paradravya kA pariNamana bhI usake pariNamana svabhAva se hotA hai; use iSTa-aniSTa kahane / mAnane kA mujhe koI adhikAra nahIM hai - aisA nirNaya hote hI Akula-vyAkula hone kA krama TUTa jAtA hai aura jIvana meM svayameva zAnti - samAdhAna kA avatAra hotA hai| 3. paryAyoM ke yathArtha jJAna se hI dravya kA nirNaya hotA hai| jaise - mere hAtha meM yaha 'pena' hai, pena pudgaladravyAtmaka padArtha hai - yaha viSaya ha kaise jAnA? isakA uttara sahaja hI AegA ki pena meM bhI jo paudgalika sparza, rasa, gandha, varNa ye vizeSa guNa haiM, ve saba hamAre jAnane meM A rahe haiM; ataH hamane yaha nirNaya kiyA ki pena bhI eka pudgaladravyoM se racita eka padArtha hai / 229. hama punaH prazna karate haiM Apane pena ko sparzAdi guNoM se jAnA athavA usake AkAra-prakAra, kaThora - mulAyama Adi sparza kI aura nIle-pIle Adi varNa kI paryAyoM ko dekhakara jAnA? hamane pena ke kaThora - mulAyama sparza aura nIlepIle raMga Adi paryAyoM se yaha jAnA ki yaha penarUpa padArtha pudgaladravyAtmaka hai / isa udAharaNa se siddha hotA hai ki hama paryAyoM se hI guNa aura dravya kA nirNaya kara pAte haiM, hamAre pAsa anya koI upAya nahIM hai| ApakA uttara - yadi koI Apase kahatA hai- maiM jIvadravya ko jAnanA to cAhatA hU~, Apa mujhe usa jIvadravya kA jJAna karA dIjie; lekina merI eka zarta hai ki maiM jIva ko usakI nara-nArakAdi yA siddha paryAyoM se nahIM jAnanA cAhatA /
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________________ 194 jinadharma-vivecana maiM to mAtra jIva ko hI sIdhe jAnanA cAhatA huuN| kyA Apa mujhe aise jIva kA jJAna karA pAe~ge? to ApakA uttara hogA - nahIM, kyoMki jIvadravya kA jJAna usakI ukta paryAyoM ke binA karAnA sambhava nahIM hai| isakA spaSTa artha yaha ki binA paryAyoM ke dravya kA paricaya karanA/karAnA sambhava nahIM hai| 'yaha jIvadravya hai' - aisA nirNaya hone para bhI jAnane meM to paryAya hI AegI aura jAnanevAlA bhI apane jJAnaguNa kI paryAya se hI jaanegaa| jAnanA aura jAnane meM AnA, binA paryAya ke sambhava nahIM hai, isase siddha hotA hai ki paryAya hI guNa aura dravya kA jJApaka hai| isaprakAra vastu kA yathArthasvarUpa hamArI samajha meM A jAtA hai| yadyapi dharmAdi cAra dravyoM meM to eka-eka hI vizeSa guNa hone se unameM paryAya kI vividhatA adhika spaSTa rIti se jJAta nahIM hotI hai; tathApi astitva Adi chaha sAmAnya guNoM kI paryAyeM to unameM bhI hotI haiM; ata: unase dharmAdi dravyoM kI paryAyoM ko bhI jAna sakate haiN| ___ isaprakAra yahA~ jIva aura pudgala kI viziSTa paryAyoM ke mAdhyama se vastusvarUpa kA nirUpaNa kiyA hai| yahA~ paryAyoM se guNa aura guNa ke dvArA dravya kA nirUpaNa kiyA gayA hai| 4. jIvAdi sAta tattvoM meM jIva aura ajIva, - ye do sAmAnya tattva haiM tathA Asrava, bandha, saMvara, nirjarA aura mokSa - ye pA~ca vizeSatattva haiN| sabhI sAta tattva jAnane kI apekSA upAdeya haiM; inameM dhyAna karane yogya dhyeya tattva mAtra jIvatattva hI hone se vaha parama upAdeya hai| ajIvatattva mAtra jJeya/jAnane yogya hai| Asrava-bandha - ye donoM tattva duHkharUpa, duHkha ke kAraNa aura saMsAra ko bar3hAnevAle haiM; ataH sadaiva heya/tyAgane yogya haiN| jabaki saMvara-nirjarA - ye donoM tattva mokSa ke kAraNabhUta hone se kathaMcit pragaTa karane kI apekSA upAdeya haiN| mAtra eka mokSatattva hI prApta karane yogya upAdeya haiN| paryAya guNa-vivecana isa prakAra heya-jJeya-upAdeya tattvoM kA jJAna, mAtra paryAya ke kAraNa hI hotA hai; ataH paryAya kA jJAna, mokSamArga tathA mokSa prApta karane ke lie atyanta upayogI hai| 230. zaMkA - paryAya kI kartA paryAya hI hai - aisA bhI sunane ko milatA hai, isakA kyA tAtparya hai? kyA yaha viSaya jinAgama meM bhI AyA hai? ___ samAdhAna - jaba adhIra (utAvale) manuSya ko kisI viziSTa paryAya ko pragaTa karane kI bahuta AkulatA hotI hai to usakI becainI miTAne ke lie aura vastusvarUpa kI sunizcitatA batAne ke lie bhI jJAniyoM ne kahA hai ki - pratyeka paryAya apane hI samaya para vyakta hotI hai; AkulatA karane se koI paryAya alpakAla meM athavA tatkAla pragaTa hogI - aisA kabhI nahIM hotaa| yahI kAraNa hai ki pratyeka paryAya kA apanA-apanA janmakSaNa nizcita hotA hai - aisA samajhAyA hai| ___ yadi vastu-vyavasthA kI apekSA se socA jAe to pratyeka dravya kI pratyeka paryAya apane-apane kAla meM sunizcita hai, khacita hai, use AgepIche kauna aura kaise kara sakatA hai? paryAya/avasthA ko Age-pIche karane kA pariNAma hI mithyAtva hai| isa viSaya kI vizad jAnakArI ke lie TIkAsahita pravacanasAra gAthA 16 evaM paMcAstikAya gAthA 62 jarUra dekheN| paryAya ke janmakSaNa ke sambandha meM bhI spaSTa kathana pravacanasAra gAthA 102 kI TIkA meM AyA hai. inheM par3hane se vastu-vyavasthA kA jJAna nirmala hogaa| 231. zaMkA - hama sabako paryAya meM sukha pragaTa karanA hai yA jIvatattva meM sukha utpanna karanA hai? utara - jIvatattva meM sukha to svabhAvagata anAdikAla se hI hai; ataH jIva meM sukha utpanna karane kA prazna hI upasthita nahIM hotaa| hameM gur3a yA zakkara ko mIThA thor3e hI banAnA hai; hameM to bhojana ko mIThA banAnA hai| vAstavikatA kA jJAna evaM zraddhAna karanA hI ati mahattvapUrNa kArya hai| (98)
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________________ jinadharma-vivecana yaha saMsArI jIva, paryAya meM duHkhamaya hai, isa paryAyagata duHkha kA abhAva kara paryAya meM hI sukha pragaTa karanA hai| vartamAnakAlIna jIvana, sukhamaya banAnA hai| kArya, paryAya meM hI hotA hai - aisA jJAna, hameM paryAya ke jJAna se hI pragaTa hotA hai| 196 5. pratyeka dravya kA pariNamana, usa dravya ke paryAyasvabhAva ke kAraNa hI hotA hai; aisA jAnane se nimittAdhIna dRSTi miTatI hai aura svabhAvakA sAmarthya pragaTa hotA hai| 232. prazna - paryAya ko athavA dravya-guNa-paryAya, tInoM ko jAnane se hameM kyA aura bhI kucha vizeSa lAbha prApta hote haiM? utara - hA~, avazya aneka lAbha prApta hote haiN| bhagavAna banane kA sAkSAt upAya samajha meM AtA hai| isakA vivecana nimna prakAra hai 1. arahanta bhagavAna ko hama hamAre jJAna meM sthApita kara vicAra karate haiM- "he bhagavan! ApakA jIvadravya aura merA jIvadravya samAna hI hai| donoM ke jIvadravya meM paraspara kucha bhI bheda / antara nahIM hai, samAnatA hI hai" - yaha viSaya dravya-guNa-paryAya ko jAnane se hameM samajha meM AtA hai| 2. bhagavAna ke jIvadravya meM jitane ananta guNa haiM, utane hI ananta guNa mere jIvadravya meM bhI haiM; yaha tathya bhI hamArI samajha meM A jAtA hai| vartamAna meM bhI maiM jIvadravya, dravya aura guNoM kI apekSA arahanta paramAtmA ke samAna hI hU~ aisA nirNaya hotA hai| 3. paryAya kI apekSA vicAra karate haiM to arahanta kI paryAya ananta sukharUpa hai, para maiM vartamAnakAla meM una jaisA paryAya meM sukharUpa nahIM hU~, duHkhI hU~ - yaha bhI bAta spaSTa ho jAtI hai| 4. aba yaha prazna utpanna hotA hai ki mujhe paryAya meM arahanta ke samAna hone ke lie dravya, guNa aura paryAya ina tInoM meM se cintana meM kisako mukhya rakhanA hai? arthAt dravya-guNa kI samAnatA ko mukhya rakhanA hai athavA paryAya kI asamAnatA kA vicAra karanA hai? (99) paryAya-vivecana 197 isakA uttara to yahI hai ki jAnanA to dravya-guNa-paryAya tInoM ko hai; tathApi cintana meM jinameM samAnatA ho, unako hI mukhya karanA cAhie; kyoMki dravya evaM guNoM kI samAnatA ko mukhya kie binA bhagavAna banane kA upAya aura utsAha pragaTa nahIM hotaa| 5. prakRtti pradatta evaM anAdi se svayameva hI prApta dravya-guNoM kI samAnatA kA cintana evaM dhyAna hI paryAya meM bhagavAna banane kA upAya hai - yaha parama satya viSaya hamArI samajha meM AtA hai| yahI dravya-guNa- paryAya ke svarUpa jAnane kA anupama lAbha hai| arahanta bhagavAna kA jIvadravya evaM unake jJAnAdi ana merA jIvadravya evaM mere jJAnAdi ananta guNa samAna hI haiM, isalie maiM evaM pratyeka jIva binA puruSArtha kie hI dravya-guNa kI apekSA arahanta bhagavAna samAna hI hai| mAtra vartamAnakAlIna paryAya meM hI mujhe puruSArtha karanA hai arthAt apane bhagavAnapane ko svIkAra karanA hai| karane yogya kArya to mAtra itanA hI hai| jaba koI bhI saMsArI jIva apane nija bhagavAna AtmA kA yathArtha dhyAna karatA hai, sarvotkRSTa dhyAna karatA hai to vaha krama se paryAya meM bhagavAna bana jAtA hai| jo zaktirUpa bhagavAnapanA pratyeka jIva meM anAdi se svayameva hai, use hI paryAya meM pragaTa karanA hai; bAhara se kucha lAnA athavA ma~gavAnA nahIM hai| isa viSaya ke vizad jJAna ke lie pravacanasAra gAthA 80 evaM usakI donoM TIkAoM ko jarUra dekheM / 233. prazna - paryAya ke kitane bheda haiM? utara - paryAya ke do bheda haiM - 1. vyaMjanaparyAya aura 2. arthaparyAya / 234. prazna - vyaMjanaparyAya kise kahate haiM? utara - pratyeka dravya ke pradezatvaguNa ke kArya ko vyaMjanaparyAya kahate haiN| athavA sthUlaparyAyoM ko vyaMjanaparyAya kahate haiN|
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________________ 198 jinadharma-vivecana 235. prazna - arthaparyAya kise kahate haiM? utara - pradezatvaguNa ke atirikta zeSa sampUrNa guNoM ke kArya yA pariNamana ko arthaparyAya kahate haiN| athavA sUkSmaparyAyoM ko arthaparyAya kahate haiN| 236. prazna - paryAya ke aura bhI kucha bheda haiM kyA? utara - hA~, paryAya ke anya prakAra se bhI do bheda haiM - 1. dravyaparyAya aura 2. gunnpryaay| 237. prazna - dravyaparyAya kise kahate haiM? (pravacanasAra kI apekSA) utara - aneka dravyoM kI eka jaisI bhAsita honevAlI avasthA ko dravyaparyAya kahate haiN| jaise, dhotI, pustaka Adi samAnajAtIyadravyaparyAya haiM; inameM ananta pudgala-paramANu eka jaise, eka paryAyarUpa bhAsita hote haiM tathA jIva kI nara-nArakAdi paryAya, asamAnajAtIyadravyaparyAya haiM; inameM ananta pudgala-paramANuoM kA skandha pariNata (audArika zarIrarUpa pariNata AhAravargaNA, taijasa zarIrarUpa pariNata taijasavargaNA aura ATha karmarUpa pariNata kArmaNavargaNA) tathA eka jIva, ina sabakI milakara eka jaisI lagane vAlI eka paryAya bhAsita hotI hai| 238. prazna - guNaparyAya kise kahate haiM? utara - arthaparyAya ko hI guNaparyAya kahate haiN| athavA guNoM kI paryAyoM ko guNaparyAya kahate haiM? 239. prazna - vyaMjanaparyAya ke kitane bheda haiM? utara - vyaMjanaparyAya ke do bheda haiM - 1. svabhAvavyaMjanaparyAya aura 2. vibhaavvyNjnpryaay| 240. prazna - svabhAvavyaMjanaparyAya kise kahate haiM? utara - para-nimitta ke sambandharahita dravya ke AkAra ko svabhAvavyaMjanaparyAya kahate haiN| jaise, jIva kI 'siddha' paryAya aura pudgala kI 'paramANurUpa' pryaay| paryAya-vivecana 241. prazna - vibhAvavyaMjanaparyAya kise kahate haiM? utara - para-nimitta ke sambandhasahita dravya ke AkAra ko vibhAvavyaMjanaparyAya kahate haiN| jaise, jIva kI nara-narakAdi paryAya aura pudgala kI skandharUpa pryaay| 242. prazna - arthaparyAya ke kitane bheda haiM? utara - arthaparyAya ke do bheda haiM - 1. svabhAva-arthaparyAya aura 2. vibhAva-arthaparyAya / 243. prazna - svabhAva-arthaparyAya kise kahate haiM? utara - para-nimitta ke sambandharahita arthaparyAya ko svabhAvaarthaparyAya kahate haiN| jaise, jIva kI kevalajJAnaparyAya / 244. prazna - vibhAva-arthaparyAya kise kahate haiM? utara - para-nimitta ke sambandhasahita arthaparyAya ko vibhAvaarthaparyAya kahate haiM? jaise, jIva kI rAga-dveSa Adi paryAya / 245. prazna - kisa-kisa dravya meM kauna-kauna sI paryAyeM hotI haiM? utara - jIva aura pudgala meM svabhAva-arthaparyAya, vibhAvaarthaparyAya, svabhAva-vyaMjanaparyAya aura vibhAva-vyaMjanaparyAya - ye cAroM prakAra kI paryAyeM hotI haiN| zeSa dharma, adharma, AkAza aura kAla - ina cAroM dravyoM meM svabhAva-arthaparyAya aura svabhAva-vyaMjanaparyAya hI hotI haiN| 246. prazna - zraddhA-jJAna-cAritra guNa meM kauna-kaunasI paryAyeM hotI haiM? utara - 1. zraddhAguNa meM mithyAtva aura samyaktva - ye do paryAyeM hotI haiN| 2. jJAnaguNa meM - kumati, kuzruta aura vibhaMgAvadhi - ye tIna mithyAjJAna kI evaM mati, zruta, avadhi, manaHparyaya aura kevalajJAna - ye pA~ca samyagjJAna kI; isaprakAra kula ATha paryAyeM hotI haiN| 3. cAritraguNa meM - mithyAcAritra aura samyakcAritra - ye do paryAyeM hotI haiN| 247. prazna - paryAya kA utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya ke sAtha kyA sambandha hai? (100)
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________________ 200 201 jinadharma-vivecana utara - utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvya - ye tInoM svayaM paryAyoM ke hI hote haiM athavA ye tInoM paryAyAzrita dharma haiN| 248. prazna - utpAda, vyaya, dhrauvya - ye tInoM paryAya haiM, aisA kathana kyA kisI zAstra meM bhI AyA hai? utara - hA~, utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya - ye tInoM paryAyoM ke hote haiM, aisA spaSTa kathana paMcAdhyAyI zAstra meM to AyA hI hai| pravacanasAra gAthA 95 kI TIkA meM bhI yaha viSaya spaSTa huA hai| paMcAdhyAyI (adhyAya 1, zloka 200) meM AtA hai - "utpAdasthitibhaGgAH paryAyANAM bhavanti kila na stH| te paryAyA dravyaM, tasmAd dravyaM hi tatritayam / / utpAda, vyaya aura dhrauvya- ye tIna paryAyoM ke hI hote haiM, sat ke nhiiN| aura una paryAyoM ke samUha ko dravya kahate haiM, isalie dravya ina tIna svarUpa hotA hai| 249. prazna - utpAda kise kahate haiM? utara - dravya meM navIna paryAya kI utpatti ko utpAda kahate haiN| dravya meM navIna paryAya kI utpatti isa 'utpAda' nAmaka zakti se hotI hai| isa utpAda nAmaka zakti kA kathana samayasAra pariziSTa kI 47 zaktiyoM meM 18vIM zakti utpAdavyayadhuvatvazakti ke antargata AtA hai| 250. prazna - kyA dravya meM navInaparyAya nimittoM se nahIM hotI? utara - nimittarUpa dravya kI paryAya, anyadravya kI paryAya kA utpAdaka kAraNa nahIM ho sakatI; tathApi jJApaka (jJAna karAnevAlA) kAraNa jarUra hai| dekho, anyadravya kI paryAya ke nimitta hone kA niSedha nahIM hai| jaba bhI kisI dravya kI koI bhI naI paryAya/avasthA hogI, taba kAladravya kI samayarUpa paryAya to niyama se nimittarUpa se hotI hI hai| jisaprakAra samaya, naI paryAya kA utpAdaka/kartA nahIM ho sakatA, usIprakAra kisI bhI eka paryAya kI kartA, anyadravya kI paryAya ho hI nahIM sakatI; hA~ nimittarUpa hone kA niSedha nahIM hai| paryAya-vivecana 251. prazna - Ama ke rasaguNa kI khaTTI paryAya mIThI ho jAtI hai| yahA~ isa mIThepanarUpa paryAya kI kartA kauna hai? AmarUpa pudgaladravya meM sthita utpAdazakti ne mIThApana utpanna kiyA athavA kRSaka ne hare-khaTTe Ama ko ghAsa meM rakhA thA, usake kAraNa mITherUpa paryAya utpanna huI? utara - dravya meM naI paryAya kI utpatti ko utpAda kahate haiM - isa paribhASA ke anusAra to mIThepana kA utpAdaka/kartA to dravya kI utpAdarUpa zakti hI hai, anya nahIM; aisA sahaja nirNaya ho jAtA hai| 252. prazna - Ama ke mIThepana meM usakI utpAdarUpa zakti ne kitane pratizata kAma kiyA aura kisAna, ghAsa, kamarA Adi ne kitane pratizata kAma kiyA? utara - yadyapi Ama ke mIThepana meM usakI utpAdazakti ne hI zatapratizata kAma kiyA hai; kisAna, ghAsa, kamarA Adi ne eka pratizata bhI kAma nahIM kiyA hai; tathApi kisAna, ghAsa, kamarA Adi vastue~ mIThepana meM nimittarUpa se haiM hI; kyoMki kisI bhI kArya ke hone meM do kAraNa avazya hote haiM - 1. upAdAnakAraNa aura 2. nimittkaarnn| 253. prazna - utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyarUpa zakti kitane dravyoM meM hai? utara - utpAda-vyaya-dhrauvyarUpa zakti jIvAdi chaha dravyoM meM anAdikAla se hai aura anantakAla taka rahegI; kyoMki yaha to dravya ke lakSaNa svarUpa hai| pratyeka paryAya kI svatantratA samajhane ke lie AtmakhyAti meM samAgata bhAva-abhAvAdi zaktiyoM kA jJAna karanA bhI upayogI hai - __ "pratyeka dravya meM eka zakti aisI hai, jisake kAraNa dravya, apanI vartamAna avasthA se yukta hotA hai arthAt pratyeka samaya usakI nizcita avasthA hotI hai; use bhAvazakti kahate haiN| tathA eka zakti aisI bhI hotI hai, jisake kAraNa usameM vartamAna avasthA ke atirikta anya koI avasthA nahIM hotI; isa zakti kA nAma abhAvazakti hai| 1. bhUtAvastharUpA bhAvazaktiH - samayasAra, AtmakhyAti TIkA, pariziSTa 2. zUnyAvasthatvarUpA abhAvazaktiH- vahI (101)
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________________ 202 jinadharma-vivecana pratyeka dravya meM eka zakti aisI hai, jisake kAraNa vartamAna paryAya kA niyama se AgAmI samaya meM abhAva ho jAtA hai; vaha zakti hai bhaavaaabhaavshkti| tathA eka zakti aisI bhI hotI hai ki jisake kAraNa AgAmI samaya meM honevAlI paryAya usa samaya niyama se utpanna hotI hI hai; isa zakti kA nAma hai abhaav-bhaavshkti| pratyeka dravya meM eka zakti aisI hai ki jo paryAya jisa samaya honI hotI hai, vaha paryAya usa samaya niyama se hotI hI hai| vaha zakti hai bhaavaabhaavshktiH| tathA eka zakti aisI bhI hotI hai ki jisake kAraNa jo paryAya jisa samaya nahIM honI hai, vaha niyama se nahIM hI hotI hai; usa zakti kA nAma hai abhaav-abhaavshkti| 254. prazna - vyaya kise kahate haiM? utara - dravya kI pUrvaparyAya ke nAza ko vyaya kahate haiN| jaise - suvarNarUpa pudagaladravya kI hArarUpa paryAya hai: usa hAra paryAya ko miTAkara. svarNakAra ne a~gUThI Adi banA dI to hAra paryAya kA vyaya ho gyaa| 255. prazna - kyA dUdha kA dahI banane se dUdharUpa paryAya kA vyaya hotA hai athavA dahIrUpa paryAya ke utpAda se dUdha kI paryAya kA vyaya hotA hai? spaSTa kiijie| utara - dUdha kI vyayarUpa paryAyazakti se dUdha kA vyaya huA hai, na ki dahIrUpa paryAya ke utpAda se / dUdha kI dahIrUpa navIna paryAya to utpAdazakti se hotI hai, jabaki pUrva paryAya kA nAza, vyayazakti se hotA hai| yaha utpAda aura vyaya kI apanI-apanI svatantratA hai| 256. prazna - navIna paryAya kA utpAda aura pUrva paryAya kA vyaya, ina donoM meM pahale kauna aura pazcAt kauna? spaSTa kiijie| 1. bhavatparyAyavyayarUpA bhAvAbhAvazaktiH - samayasAra, AtmakhyAti TIkA, pariziSTa 2. bhavatparyAyabhavanarUpA abhAvabhAvazaktiH - vahI 3. bhavatparyAyabhavanarUpA bhAvabhAvazaktiH - vahI 4. abhavatparyAyAbhavanarUpA abhAvAbhAvazaktiH - vahI paryAya-vivecana 203 utara - pahale aura pazcAt kA prazna hI nahIM hai, donoM eka sAtha eka hI samaya meM hote haiN| jisa samaya navIna paryAya kA utpAda hotA hai, usI samaya pUrva paryAya kA vyaya hotA hai| jisa samaya hAra kI paryAya kA utpAda huA, usI samaya mukuTarUpa paryAya kA vyaya huaa| utpAda-vyaya, donoM eka samaya meM hI hote haiM, para hote haiM apane-apane svatantra kAraNa se| ___ sarvajJa jinendra bhagavantoM dvArA pratipAdita vastu-vyavasthA ke anusAra vizva, dravya aura usake guNa - ye tInoM to anAdi-ananta haiM, svataHsiddha haiM aura svatantra hai| vizva, dravya aura usake guNa svayambhU hone se inakI sattA ke lie koI nimitta bhI nahIM hotA haiM; kyoMki anAdi vastu ke lie nimitta nahIM hotaa| yadi inake lie bhI nimitta mAna liyA jAe to inakA anAdipanA nahIM rahatA; lekina paryAya sAdi-sAnta hone para bhI svataHsiddha aura svatantra hotI hai - yaha parama Azcarya hai| hA~, paryAya meM nimitta kA svIkAra avazya rahatA hai| 257. prazna - utpAda-vyaya, donoM eka hI samaya meM hote haiM to dhrauvya kaba aura kaise ghaTita hotA hai? ___ utara - are bhAI! utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya - ye tInoM eka hI samaya meM hote haiN| hama dravya ko jisa dRSTikoNa se dekhate haiM, vaha hameM usI rUpa meM dikhAI detA hai| isalie utpAda Adi tInoM ko sat athavA sattA bhI kahate haiN| ___isa viSaya kI vistRta jAnakArI ke lie tattvArthasUtra kA adhyAya 5 evaM pravacanasAra kA jJeyAdhikAra jarUra dekheN| jaise - bhagavAna mahAvIra kA jIva, solahaveM svarga se cyuta hokara mA~ trizalA ke garbha meM AyA; vahA~ devaparyAya kA vyaya aura manuSyaparyAya kA utpAda, eka sAtha arthAt eka hI samaya meM hue / deva aura manuSya paryAyoM meM jIvapanA akhaNDarUpa se dhrauvya hI rhaa| isa prakAra hama eka jIva meM eka hI samaya meM utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya ko acchI taraha samajha sakate haiN| (102)
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________________ 204 jinadharma-vivecana 258. prazna- dhrauvya kise kahate haiM? utara - * pratyabhijJAna kI kAraNabhUta dravya kI kisI avasthA kI nityatA ko dhauvya kahate haiM arthAt utpAda - vyayarUpa donoM paryAyoM meM dravya nirantara vidyamAna rahanevAle nitya aMza ko dhrauvya kahate haiN| to anAdi-ananta, avinAzI tathA niraMza hotA hai; sarvArthasiddhi grantha meM bhI AcArya pUjyapAda ne kahA hai- "jo anAdi pAriNAmika svabhAva ke kAraNa vyaya tathA utpAda ke abhAva se dhruva rahatA hai, sthira rahatA hai; vahI dhauvya hai|" 259. prazna- Apa dhrauvya kI paribhASA meM avasthA kI nityatA evaM nitya- aMza ko dhrauvya kaha rahe ho, isa dhrauvya kA vAstavika svarUpa kyA hai? utara - dekho! AtmA ko bhI dhruva kahA jAtA hai, vaha dravyArthikanaya kI apekSA se satya hai, parantu yahA~ paryAyarUpa dhrauvya kI bAta cala rahI hai| hamane paMcAdhyAyI kA uddharaNa dekara utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya ye tInoM paryAyoM ke hote haiM - yaha viSaya prArambha meM hI batA diyA hai| yahA~ utpAda aura vyaya eka samayavartI haiM aura una eka samayavartI utpAda - vyaya meM arthAt donoM meM avasthAyI nityatA ke aMza ko dhauvya kahA hai| vivakSA bheda se saba viSaya spaSTa samajha meM A jAtA hai| isakA tAtparya yaha hai ki dhauvya anAdi-ananta to hai hI; tathApi paryAya kI apekSA se dekhA jAe to utpAda vyaya meM rahanevAle nitya aMza ko bhI dhauvya kahate haiN| 260. prazna pratyabhijJAna kise kahate haiM? utara - jor3arUpa jJAna ko pratyabhijJAna kahate haiN| pratyakSa aura smRti jJAna ke viSayabhUta padArthoM meM honevAle jor3arUpa jJAna ko pratyabhijJAna kahate haiN| jaise - yaha vahI manuSya hai, jise maiMne kala dekhA thA / yaha jo udAharaNa diyA gayA hai, vaha atyanta sthUla hai| vAstava meM dekhA jAe to pratisamaya dravya meM navIna paryAya kA utpAda hotA hai aura pUrva (103) paryAya-vivecana 205 paryAya kA nAza / vyaya hotA hai tathA utpAda-vyaya kI avasthA meM nirantara vidyamAna nitya aMza niyama se rahatA hI hai; isa nitya aMza ko hI dhauvya kahate haiN| jisa samaya kSamAdharmarUpa navIna paryAya kA utpAda hotA hai, usI samaya krodharUpa kI avasthA kA vyaya hotA hai tathA donoM avasthAoM meM nirantara vidyamAna jIvadravya athavA cAritraguNa dhrauvyarUpa se rahatA hai| isI prakAra pratyeka dravya kI paryAyoM meM ghaTita karanA cAhie / utara - 261. prazna - dharmAdidravya meM utpAda-vyaya aura dhrauvya kaise ghaTate haiM? * jaisa, calatI huI gAya ko gati meM nimittarUpa dharmadravya kI navIna paryAya kA utpAda, usake pUrva samaya meM calane vAlI usI gAya ko nimittarUpa dharmadravya kI pUrva paryAya kA vyaya hotA hai| donoM avasthAoM vAlI gAya kI gati meM nimittarUpa hote samaya dharmadravya nirantara banA rahatA hai| yahI to dharmadravya kA dhrauvyarUpa se satata banA rahanA hai| 262. prazna - utpAda-vyaya- dhrauvya ko jAnane se hameM kyA lAbha hote haiM? utara - kisI bhI dravya meM honevAlI navIna paryAya ke kartA hama nahIM haiM, usa dravya kI 'dravyagata utpAda-vyaya- dhrauvyazakti' se hI navIna paryAya utpanna hotI haiM; isakA jJAna hote hI - 1. pratyeka paryAya kI svatantratA kA bodha hotA hai| 2. paradravya kI paryAya ke kartApane kA mithyA abhiprAya naSTa ho jAtA hai| 3. jIva ko zAnti aura samAdhAna kI prApti hotI hai| 4. mokSamArga vyakta karanerUpa puruSArtha ke prati jIva svataH sanmukha hotA hai| para ke prati udAsIna hue binA nijAtmA ke prati puruSArtha jAgRta nahIM hotA; ataH svatantra vastu-vyavasthA kA jJAna karanA Avazyaka hai| isIprakAra adharma, AkAza evaM kAla dravya meM bhI ghaTita karanA cAhie / isaprakAra 'paryAya-vivecana' kA 41 praznottara ke sAtha vivecana pUrNa hotA hai|
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________________ dravya-guNa- paryAya meM antara 9. dravya - guNoM ke samUha ko dravya kahate haiN| guNa - jo dravya ke sampUrNa bhAgoM meM aura usakI sampUrNa avasthA meM rahate haiM, unheM guNa kahate haiM / paryAya - guNoM ke vikAra arthAt vizeSa kArya ko paryAya kahate haiN| 2. dravya ke sat, vastu, artha Adi paryAyavAcI nAma haiN| guNa - dhrauvya, yaha guNa kA bhI paryAyavAcI nAma hai| paryAya - utpAda aura vyaya - ye paryAya ke paryAyavAcI nAma haiN| 3. dravya kA lakSaNa 'utpAdavyayadhrauvyayuktaM sat' hai / guNa kA lakSaNa 'dhrauvya' hai / paryAya kA lakSaNa 'utpAda-vyaya' hai| 4. dravya kI mukhya pahacAna 'guNa- paryayad dravyam' hai / guNa kI mukhya pahacAna usakA sadAkAla bane rahanA hai| paryAya kI mukhya pahacAna utpAda-vyaya karate rahanA hai| 5. dravya, guNa- paryAyoM se pahacAne jAte haiN| guNa aura dravya, paryAya se pahacAne jAte haiN| paryAya, guNa aura dravya kI pahicAna karAne vAlA hai| 6. dravya, guNa paryAyoM ke sAtha sadA rahate haiN| guNa, dravya ke sAtha sadA rahate haiN| paryAya, dravya ke sAtha sadA rahate hue bhI vivakSita eka paryAya to dravya ke sAtha mAtra eka samaya hI rahatI hai| 7. dravya ke mAdhyama se akhaNDa dravya kA Azraya liyA jAtA hai| guNoM ke mAdhyama se jIva ko pratyeka dravya kI mahimA AtI hai| paryAya ke mAdhyama se jIva ko bhedajJAna evaM vairAgya ho sakatA hai| 8. dravya svataMtra rUpa se kartA hai| guNa kAraNa haiN| paryAya kArya hai| (104) dravya-guNa- paryAya meM antara 207 9. dravya, vastu ke vistAra sAmAnya aura UrdhvatA sAmAnya ko dravya kahate haiM / guNa- vastu ke vistAra-vizeSa ko guNa kahate haiN| paryAya, vastu ke UrdhvatA-vizeSa ko paryAya kahate haiN| 10. dravya jo nirantara AtmalAbha karatA rahatA hai, vaha dravya haiN| guNa - jo dravya ko dravyAntara se pRthak karatA hai, use guNa kahate haiM / paryAya - kSaNasthAyI- sUkSma pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiN| 11. dravya-guNa- paryAyoM meM abheda sthApita karane vAle dharmI ko dravya kahate haiM / guNa- dravya meM bheda karane vAle dharma ko guNa kahate haiN| paryAya - guNa ke vizeSa pariNamana ko paryAya kahate haiN| 12. dravya - jo sAmAnya evaM anvayarUpa se sadAkAla se avasthita rahatA hai, vaha dravya hai| guNa, dravya ke sahabhAvI vizeSa haiN| paryAya, dravya ke vyatirekI aMza haiN| 13. dravya, dravyArthikanaya se nitya hai, paryAyArthikanaya se anitya hai aura pramANadRSTi se nityAnityAtmaka hai| guNa, nitya haiN| paryAya, anitya hotI hai| (meru parvatAdi yahA~ gauNa haiM / ) 14. dravya ko anvaya yA sAmAnya bhI kahate haiN| guNa, dravya ke anvayI vizeSa haiN| paryAya, dravya ke vyatirekI vizeSa haiN| 15. dravya, guNa- paryAyoM kI ekarUpa evaM bhedarUpa dhArAoM meM udAsInarUpa se vidyamAna rahatA hai| guNa - jinase dhArA meM ekarUpatA banI rahatI hai, ve guNa kahalAte haiN| paryAya- jinase dhArA (guNa) meM bheda pratIta hotA hai, ve paryAya kahalAtI haiN| 16. dravya, sthAyitva aura dravaNazIlatA meM samAnarUpa se sthita rahatA hai| guNa- dravya kA sthAyitva, guNa hotA hai| paryAya - dravya (vastu) meM dravaNazIlatA, paryAya se hotI hai| 17. dravya - jo apane Apa meM paripUrNa evaM svataMtra rahatA hai, vaha dravya hai| guNa - jisase eka dravya, dUsare dravya se bhinna hotA hai, vaha guNa hai| paryAya - guNoM kI avasthAoM kA nAma paryAya hai|
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________________ 208 jinadharma-vivecana zAstrAbhyAsa se lAbha 1. jJAna se hI samyagdarzana utpanna hotA hai| 2. jJAna se hI kaSAyoM kA abhAva ho jAtA hai| 3. jJAnAbhyAsa se mAyA, mithyAtva, nidAna hU ina tIna zalyoM kA nAza hotA hai| 4. jJAna ke abhyAsa se hI mana sthira hotA hai| 5. jJAna se hI aneka prakAra ke duHkhadAyaka vikalpa naSTa ho jAte haiN| 6. jJAnAbhyAsa se hI dharmadhyAna va zukladhyAna meM acala hokara baiThA jAtA hai| 7. jJAnAbhyAsa se hI jIva vrata-saMyama se calAyamAna nahIM hote| 8. jJAna se hI jinendra kA zAsana pravartatA hai| azubha karmoM kA nAza hotA hai| 9. jJAna se hI jinadharma kI prabhAvanA hotI hai| 10. jJAna ke abhyAsa se hI logoM ke hRdaya meM pUrva kA saMcita kara rakhA huA pAparUpa karma kA RNa naSTa ho jAtA hai| 11. ajJAnI jisa karma ko ghora tapa karake koTi pUrva varSoM meM khipAtA hai. usa karma ko jJAnI aMtarmuhUrta meM hI khipA detA hai| 12. jJAna ke prabhAva se hI jIva samasta viSayoM kI vAJchA se rahita hokara saMtoSa dhAraNa karate haiN| 13. jJAnAbhyAsa/zAstrAbhyAsa se hI uttama kSamAdi guNa pragaTa hote haiN| 14. jJAna se hI bhakSya-abhakSya kA, yogya-ayogya kA, tyAgane-grahaNa karane yogya kA vicAra hotA hai| 15. jJAna se hI paramArtha aura vyavahAra donoM vyakta hote haiN| 16. jJAna ke samAna koI dhana nahIM hai aura jJAnadAna samAna koI anya dAna nahIM hai| 17. jJAna hI duHkhita jIva ko sadA zaraNa arthAt AdhAra hai| 18. jJAna hI svadeza meM evaM paradeza meM sadA Adara karAne vAlA parama dhana hai| 19. jJAna dhana ko koI cora curA nahIM sakatA, lUTane vAlA lUTa nahIM sakatA, khoMsanevAlA khoMsa nahIM sktaa| jJAna kisI ko dene se ghaTatA nahIM hai, jo jJAna-dAna detA hai; usakA jJAna nirantara bar3hatA hI jAtA hai| 22. jJAna se hI mokSa pragaTa hotA hai| (ratnakaraNDa zrAvakAcAra : abhIkSNa jJAnopayoga bhAvanA) (105)